101
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Zhang R, Han D, Jiang L, Zhong M, Liang J, Xia T, Zhao Y. Derivation of site-specific remediation goals by incorporating the bioaccessibility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with the probabilistic analysis method. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121239. [PMID: 31574384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating bioaccessibility into human health risk assessment is recognized as a valid way to reduce the conservative properties of conventional results, where the total concentration of a contaminant analysed by exhaustive chemical extraction is applied. Taking a coke production site in Beijing as an example, a mild chemical extraction technology was employed to profile the bioaccessibility of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IcP) and dibenz[ah]anthracene (DBA) in soils. The results that were regressed using two bi-phase desorption models (Karickhoff and Weibull) revealed that the rapid desorption fractions of BaP, IcP and DBA, which are taken for bioaccessible fractions, were basically less than half of the total contents in the soils. Probabilistic analysis (PA) was carried out with pre-set distributions of the exposure parameters to characterize the uncertainty in the assessment. The results incorporating bioaccessibility and PA were several times higher than the generic remediation goals which equal to national screening levels, and orders of magnitude higher than the baselines of the region and nation. The results of the Weibull fit were finally recommended as site-specific remediation goals (SSRGs) (10.59 mg/kg, 95.48 mg/kg and 9.24 mg/kg). Over-remediation was avoided while contributing to considerable economic and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihuan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modelling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Dan Han
- National Engineering Research Centre of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modelling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modelling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Maosheng Zhong
- National Engineering Research Centre of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modelling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Jing Liang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modelling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - TianXiang Xia
- National Engineering Research Centre of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modelling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- National Engineering Research Centre of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modelling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China
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102
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Characteristics of PM 2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitro-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at A Roadside Air Pollution Monitoring Station in Kanazawa, Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030805. [PMID: 32012877 PMCID: PMC7037384 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs (NPAHs) in PM2.5 samples were collected at a roadside monitoring station in Kanazawa, Japan, in every season from 2017 to 2018. Nine PAHs and five NPAHs were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and chemiluminescence detection, respectively. The mean concentrations of PAHs and NPAHs were highest in winter and lowest in summer. Fluoranthene and pyrene were the dominant PAHs and 1-nitropyrene was the dominant NPAH in all seasons, and these compounds were mainly emitted by diesel vehicles. The concentration ratio of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) to benzo(ghi)perylene (BgPe) ((BaP)/(BgPe)) and of indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IDP) to the sum of IDP and benzo(ghi)perylene (BgPe) ((IDP)/((IDP)+(BgPe0) might still be useful indicators for identifying traffic emission sources today. Moreover, our results showed that the carcinogenic risk in all seasons was below the acceptable limit set by the WHO.
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103
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Vuong QT, Kim SJ, Nguyen TNT, Thang PQ, Lee SJ, Ohura T, Choi SD. Passive air sampling of halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the largest industrial city in Korea: Spatial distributions and source identification. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 382:121238. [PMID: 31563090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Some halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Halo-PAHs) are known to be more toxic than their corresponding parent PAHs, but studies on Halo-PAHs have been somewhat limited. In this study, passive air samplers were used to monitor Halo-PAH and PAH contamination at 20 sampling sites in Ulsan, one of the largest industrial cities in South Korea. The mean concentrations of Σ24 ClPAHs, Σ11 BrPAHs, and Σ13 PAHs were 207 pg/m3, 84 pg/m3, and 26 ng/m3, respectively. Industrial areas displayed higher concentrations of both Halo-PAHs and PAHs than urban and rural areas. Strong correlations between energetically unfavorable Halo-PAHs and their corresponding parent PAHs suggest that the main formation mechanism of Halo-PAHs is not direct halogenation of PAHs. Low molecular weight Halo-PAHs with one halogen atom and their parent PAHs were dominant. The profiles of ClPAHs and BrPAHs in petrochemical, automobile, shipbuilding, and non-ferrous industrial complexes were distinguished. The toxicity equivalency quantities (TEQs) of ClPAHs, BrPAHs, and PAHs at the industrial sites also showed the highest values of 4.2, 0.5, and 18.3 pg-TEQ/m3, respectively, reflecting the high toxicity of Halo-PAHs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting atmospheric levels of both ClPAHs and BrPAHs using passive air samplers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Tran Vuong
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Joon Kim
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Tuyet Nam Thi Nguyen
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Phan Quang Thang
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jin Lee
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Takeshi Ohura
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8502, Japan
| | - Sung-Deuk Choi
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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104
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Yang N, Tsona NT, Cheng S, Li S, Xu L, Wang Y, Wu L, Du L. Competitive reactions of SO 2 and acetic acid on α-Al 2O 3 and CaCO 3 particles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134362. [PMID: 31522042 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous reactions between gaseous pollutants and mineral particles have gradually become a research hotspot in the field of atmospheric chemistry. In this paper, competitive reactions between SO2 and acetic acid on the surface of α-Al2O3 and CaCO3 particles were studied by the diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopic (DRIFTS) technique in dark and dry conditions. At the same time, the temporary evolution of the integrated absorbance of acetate and sulfite was investigated to further understand the interaction of SO2 and acetic acid on the mineral particles. On the surface of α-Al2O3 particles, acetate and sulfite can compete for surface-active sites, resulting in a decrease in the total amount of acetates. In dark and dry conditions, the effect of acetic acid on SO2 cannot be obtained by the DRIFTS method. On the surface of CaCO3 particles, SO2 can have a competitive impact on acetic acid by grabbing active sites, leading to a slight decrease of the amount of acetates. The heterogeneous reaction of SO2 can be impeded by coexisting acetic acid, resulting in a drastic reduction of the number of sulfites. It can be seen that the formation mechanisms of acetate and sulfite on the surface of different mineral particles in the atmosphere are different, which provides a variety of ideas and possibilities for the formation of related inorganic and organic salts in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Narcisse T Tsona
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shumin Cheng
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Siyang Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Li Xu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lingyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 46 Zhong Guan Cun S. Ave., Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lin Du
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China.
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105
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Zhang M, Li W, Wu X, Zhao F, Wang D, Zha X, Li S, Liu H, Chen Y. Low-temperature catalytic oxidation of benzene over nanocrystalline Cu–Mn composite oxides by facile sol–gel synthesis. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05097c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We prepare a series of nanocrystalline copper–manganese oxides by a facile citric acid sol–gel method, and test their activities for catalytic oxidation of benzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Weiman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Feng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Xicuo Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Shuangde Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Haidi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Yunfa Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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106
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Meng J, Fang F, Feng N, Wan H, Guan G. MnO x dispersed on attapulgite derived Al-SBA-15: a promising catalyst for volatile organic compound combustion. RSC Adv 2020; 10:2472-2482. [PMID: 35496129 PMCID: PMC9048810 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08157g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the catalytic activity when utilizing metal oxides for VOCs combustion, Mn/Al-SBA-15 catalysts have been synthesized through a wetness impregnation technique involving Mn(NO3)2 on Al-SBA-15, hydrothermally prepared from attapulgite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for AdvancedMaterials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic FunctionComposites
- Nanjing Tech University
| | - Fan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for AdvancedMaterials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic FunctionComposites
- Nanjing Tech University
| | - Nengjie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for AdvancedMaterials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic FunctionComposites
- Nanjing Tech University
| | - Hui Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for AdvancedMaterials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic FunctionComposites
- Nanjing Tech University
| | - Guofeng Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for AdvancedMaterials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic FunctionComposites
- Nanjing Tech University
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107
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Romero Y, Chicchon N, Duarte F, Noel J, Ratti C, Nyhan M. Quantifying and spatial disaggregation of air pollution emissions from ground transportation in a developing country context: Case study for the Lima Metropolitan Area in Peru. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134313. [PMID: 31783441 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ambient air pollution contributes approximately 3.7 million premature deaths annually worldwide with air pollution from ground transportation posing a significant threat in urban areas. This concern is especially relevant in cities with fast-growing economies in the developing countries, as is the case of Lima Metropolitan Area (LMA) in Peru. Currently, there is a limited understanding of the impacts of ground transportation emissions on air pollution and population health in the LMA. In this study we quantified air pollution emissions from ground transportation, by combining local transportation and meteorological data with emission factors determined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (US-EPA's) Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES). Total annual emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and particulate matter (PM2.5) were quantified, temporally resolved and then spatially disaggregated within the LMA study domain. Our study, therefore, provides an approach for quantifying transportation emissions for a large metropolitan area in a developing country where detailed data is not available. This research sets the need of future work aiming at understanding the impact of ground transportation emissions, air pollution levels and their subsequent effects on human health. CAPSULE: We provide a framework for computing and spatially disaggregating air pollution emissions from ground transportation in a rapidly growing economy in a developing country context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yovitza Romero
- Energy Engineering Department, Universidad de Ingenieria y Tecnologia - UTEC, Lima, Peru.
| | - Norvic Chicchon
- Energy Engineering Department, Universidad de Ingenieria y Tecnologia - UTEC, Lima, Peru
| | - Fabio Duarte
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Senseable City Laboratory, Cambridge, United States; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Julien Noel
- Energy Engineering Department, Universidad de Ingenieria y Tecnologia - UTEC, Lima, Peru
| | - Carlo Ratti
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Senseable City Laboratory, Cambridge, United States
| | - Marguerite Nyhan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Senseable City Laboratory, Cambridge, United States; School of Engineering & MaREI, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Ireland; United Nations Global Pulse, United Nations, New York, United States.
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108
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Banerjee M, Ghosh M, Ta S, Ghosh S, Das D. Tuning uracil derivatives for the AIE-based detection of pyrene at a nano-molar level: single-crystal X-ray structure and DFT support. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03024d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Single crystal X-ray structurally characterized azo-uracil derivative (L) is explored for the selective detection of pyrene via aggregation-induced emission (AIE) with 99-fold fluorescence enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahuya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwan
- India
| | - Milan Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwan
- India
| | - Sabyasachi Ta
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwan
- India
| | - Subhasis Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwan
- India
| | - Debasis Das
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwan
- India
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109
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Won Y, Waring M, Rim D. Understanding the Spatial Heterogeneity of Indoor OH and HO 2 due to Photolysis of HONO Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:14470-14478. [PMID: 31693359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Indoor photolysis of nitrous acid (HONO) generates hydroxyl radicals (OH), and since OH is fast reacting, it may be confined within the HONO-photolyzing indoor volume of light. This study investigated the HONO-photolysis-induced formation of indoor OH, the transformation of OH to hydroperoxy radicals (HO2), and resulting spatial distributions of those radicals and their oxidation products. To do so, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model framework was established to simulate HONO photolysis in a room and subsequent reactions associated with OH and HO2 under a typical range of indoor lighting and ventilation conditions. The results showed that OH and HO2 were essentially confined in the volume of HONO-photolyzing light, but oxidation products were relatively well distributed throughout the room. As the light volume increased, more total in-room OH was produced, thereby increasing oxidation product concentrations. Spatial distributions of OH and HO2 varied by the type of artificial light (e.g., fluorescent versus incandescent), due to differences in photon flux as a function of light source and the distance from the source. The HO2 generation rate and air change rate made notable impacts on product concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngbo Won
- Department of Architectural Engineering , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Michael Waring
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Donghyun Rim
- Department of Architectural Engineering , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
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110
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Li Z, Liu P, Zhang P, He H, Chung SH, Roberts WL. Theoretical Study of PAH Growth by Phenylacetylene Addition. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:10323-10332. [PMID: 31692346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b09450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although there was significant advancement on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation, current mechanisms are still limited in providing an integrated and accurate scheme of PAH yield in combustion conditions; thus, a more detailed and comprehensive understanding is necessary. This work provides a systematic investigation of PAH growth by phenylacetylene addition. A combination of the density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p)) and the complete basis set method (CBS-QB3) is utilized to calculate the potential energy surfaces. The reaction system is initiated by the H elimination reaction of phenylacetylene + H → o-ethynylphenyl + H2, and then, the addition reaction of phenylacetylene and o-ethynylphenyl can produce PAHs with one, two, three, and four rings. The temperature- and pressure-dependent reaction rate coefficients are calculated via a combination of conventional transition state theory (TST) and Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) theory with solving the master equation in the temperature range of 500-2500 K and at the pressure range of 0.01-10 atm. There are 263 species and 65 reactions in this reaction system. It shows that the rate constants of this reaction system are highly temperature-dependent and slightly sensitive to the pressure at temperatures lower than 1300 K. To evaluate the yield distributions of various PAH products in the whole reaction network, a closed 0-D batch reactor model in Chemkin is used to calculate the C6H5C2H-C2H2-H-Ar reaction system. The results showed that the prevailing products of this system are three-ring PAHs with side chain structures. Compared with the traditional HACA pathways, the investigated reaction system presents higher efficiency in large PAH formations, which could subsequently promote the formation of soot particles. The phenylacetylene and o-ethynylphenyl reaction network emphasizes the importance of species with side chains, and it enriches current PAH growth pathways aside from the addition of small species such as C2H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , China.,Clean Combustion Research Center , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955 , Saudi Arabia.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Peng Liu
- Clean Combustion Research Center , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China.,Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen 361021 , China
| | - Suk Ho Chung
- Clean Combustion Research Center , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955 , Saudi Arabia
| | - William L Roberts
- Clean Combustion Research Center , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955 , Saudi Arabia
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111
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Samburova V, McDaniel M, Campbell D, Wolf M, Stockwell WR, Khlystov A. Dominant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured at four Cannabis growing facilities: Pilot study results. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2019; 69:1267-1276. [PMID: 31498732 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2019.1654038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, sale of recreational marijuana products has been permitted in several states and countries resulting in rapid growth of the commercial cannabis cultivation and processing industry. As previous research has shown, biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emitted from plants can react with other urban air constituents (e.g., NOx, HO radical) and thus negatively affect regional air quality. In this pilot study, BVOC emissions from Cannabis plants were analyzed at four grow facilities. The concentrations of measured BVOCs inside the facilities were between 110 and 5,500 μg m-3. One adult Cannabis plant emits hundreds of micrograms of BVOCs per day and thus can trigger the formation of tropospheric ozone (approximately 2.6 g day-1 plant-1) and other toxic air pollutants. In addition, high concentrations of butane (1,080- 43,000 μg m-3), another reactive VOC, were observed at the facilities equipped with Cannabis oil extraction stations. Implications: High concentrations of VOCs emitted from Cannabis grow facilities can lead to the formation of ozone, secondary VOCs (e.g., formaldehyde and acrolein), and particulate matter. Our results highlight that further assessment of VOC emissions from Cannabis facilities is needed, and this assessment is one of the key factors for developing policies for optimal air pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Samburova
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute , Reno , NV , USA
| | - Mark McDaniel
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute , Reno , NV , USA
| | - Dave Campbell
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute , Reno , NV , USA
| | - Michael Wolf
- Air Quality Management Division, Washoe County Health District , Reno , NV , USA
| | | | - Andrey Khlystov
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute , Reno , NV , USA
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112
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Liu J, Zhao Z, Xu C, Liu J. Structure, synthesis, and catalytic properties of nanosize cerium-zirconium-based solid solutions in environmental catalysis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(19)63400-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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113
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Gianella M, Press SA, Manfred KM, Norman HC, Islam M, Ritchie GAD. Sensitive detection of HO radicals produced in an atmospheric pressure plasma using Faraday rotation cavity ring-down spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:124202. [PMID: 31575168 DOI: 10.1063/1.5119191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) is a well-established, highly sensitive absorption technique whose sensitivity and selectivity for trace radical sensing can be further enhanced by measuring the polarization rotation of the intracavity light by the paramagnetic samples in the presence of a magnetic field. In this paper, we highlight the use of this Faraday rotation cavity ring-down spectroscopy (FR-CRDS) for the detection of HO2 radicals. In particular, we use a cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet as a highly efficient source of HO2 radicals and show that FR-CRDS in the near-infrared spectral region (1506 nm) has the potential to be a useful tool for studying radical chemistry. By simultaneously measuring ring-down times of orthogonal linearly polarized light, measurements of Faraday effect-induced rotation angles (θ) and absorption coefficients (α) are retrieved from the same data set. The Faraday rotation measurement exhibits better long-term stability and enhanced sensitivity due to its differential nature, whereby highly correlated noise between the two channels and slow drifts cancel out. The bandwidth-normalized sensitivities are αmin=2.2×10-11 cm-1 Hz-1/2 and θmin=0.62 nrad Hz-1/2. The latter corresponds to a minimum detectable (circular) birefringence of Δnmin=5×10-16 Hz-1/2. Using the overlapping qQ3(N = 4-9) transitions of HO2, we estimate limits of detection of 3.1 × 108 cm-3 based on traditional (absorption) CRDS methods and 6.7 × 107 cm-3 using FR-CRDS detection, where each point of the spectrum was acquired during 2 s. In addition, Verdet constants for pertinent carrier (He, Ar) and bulk (N2, O2) gases were recorded in this spectral region for the first time. These show good agreement with recent measurements of air and values extrapolated from reported Verdet constants at shorter wavelengths, demonstrating the potential of FR-CRDS for measurements of very weak Faraday effects and providing a quantitative validation to the computed rotation angles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Gianella
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sioned A Press
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine M Manfred
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Helen C Norman
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Meez Islam
- School of Science, Engineering and Design, Teesside University, Borough Road, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, United Kingdom
| | - Grant A D Ritchie
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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114
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Xie K, Xu D, Li C, Liu X, Hu X, Ma Z, Tang X, Chen Y. Low-Temperature Benzene Abatement over Active Manganese Oxides with Abundant Catalytic Sites. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xie
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dongrun Xu
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaolei Hu
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xingfu Tang
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment & Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yaxin Chen
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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115
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DeVine JA, Babin MC, Blackford K, Neumark DM. High-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy of the pyridinide isomers. J Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5115413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessalyn A. DeVine
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Mark C. Babin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Katherine Blackford
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Daniel M. Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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116
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Han Y, Huang X, Wang C, Zhu B, He L. Characterizing oxygenated volatile organic compounds and their sources in rural atmospheres in China. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 81:148-155. [PMID: 30975317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) are important precursors and products of atmospheric secondary pollution. The sources of OVOCs, however, are still quite uncertain, especially in the atmosphere with much pollution in China. To study the sources of OVOCs in rural atmospheres, a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) was deployed at a northern rural site (WD) and a southern rural site (YMK) in China during the summer of 2014 and 2016, respectively. The continuous observation showed that the mean concentration of TVOCs (totally 17 VOCs) measured at WD (52.4 ppbv) was far higher than that at YMK (11.1 ppbv), and the OVOCs were the most abundant at both the two sites. The diurnal variations showed that local sources of OVOCs were still prominent at WD, while regional transport influenced YMK much. The photochemical age-based parameterization method was then used to quantitatively apportion the sources of ambient OVOCs. The anthropogenic primary sources at WD and YMK contributed less (2%-16%) to each OVOC species. At both the sites, the atmospheric background had a dominant contribution (~50%) to acetone and formic acid, while the anthropogenic secondary formation was the main source (~40%) of methanol and MEK. For acetaldehyde and acetic acid, the biogenic sources were their largest source (~40%) at WD, while the background (39%) and anthropogenic secondary formation (42%) were their largest sources at YMK, respectively. This study reveals the complexity of sources of OVOCs in China, which urgently needs explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Chuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lingyan He
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
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117
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Froger C, Ayrault S, Gasperi J, Caupos E, Monvoisin G, Evrard O, Quantin C. Innovative combination of tracing methods to differentiate between legacy and contemporary PAH sources in the atmosphere-soil-river continuum in an urban catchment (Orge River, France). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 669:448-458. [PMID: 30884267 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have been released by human activities during more than a century, contaminating the entire atmosphere - soil - river continuum. Due to their ubiquity in the environment and their potential severe biological impacts, PAH became priority pollutants and were targeted by environmental public agencies. To better manage PAH pollution, it is necessary to identify unambiguously the sources and pathways of those compounds at the catchment scale, and to evaluate the persistence of historical PAH pollution in the environment especially in those urban contexts concentrating multiple PAH sources. Accordingly, the current research monitored the contamination in atmospheric fallout, soils and rivers of a 950-km2 catchment (Orge River) characterized by an increasing urban gradient in downstream direction, and located in the Seine River basin characterized by a high level of PAH legacy contamination. A combination of various approaches was used, including the widely used PAH diagnostic ratios, together with innovative methods such as PAH correlations and sediment fingerprinting using fallout radionuclides to clearly identify both the origin of PAH and their main PAH pathways to the river. The results demonstrated the persistence of legacy PAH contamination in the catchment, responsible for the signature of the suspended particulate matter currently transiting in the Orge River. They underlined the conservation of PAH through the soil - river continuum. Finally, urban runoff was demonstrated to provide the main PAH source to the river in the densely urbanized area by both PAH correlations and sediment fingerprinting. These results were used to model PAH concentrations in those particles supplied from urban areas to the river.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Froger
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - CNRS- Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France.
| | - Sophie Ayrault
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Johnny Gasperi
- Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains (LEESU), University Paris-Est Créteil, UMR MA 102- Agro ParisTech, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Emilie Caupos
- Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains (LEESU), University Paris-Est Créteil, UMR MA 102- Agro ParisTech, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Gaël Monvoisin
- Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - CNRS- Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Olivier Evrard
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Cécile Quantin
- Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - CNRS- Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
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118
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Zhong J, Kumar M, Anglada JM, Martins-Costa MTC, Ruiz-Lopez MF, Zeng XC, Francisco JS. Atmospheric Spectroscopy and Photochemistry at Environmental Water Interfaces. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2019; 70:45-69. [PMID: 31174459 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-042018-052311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The air-water interface is ubiquitous in nature, as manifested in the form of the surfaces of oceans, lakes, and atmospheric aerosols. The aerosol interface, in particular, can play a crucial role in atmospheric chemistry. The adsorption of atmospheric species onto and into aerosols modifies their concentrations and chemistries. Moreover, the aerosol phase allows otherwise unlikely solution-phase chemistry to occur in the atmosphere. The effect of the air-water interface on these processes is not entirely known. This review summarizes recent theoretical investigations of the interactions of atmosphere species with the air-water interface, including reactant adsorption, photochemistry, and the spectroscopy of reactants at the water surface, with an emphasis on understanding differences between interfacial chemistries and the chemistries in both bulk solution and the gas phase. The results discussed here enable an understanding of fundamental concepts that lead to potential air-water interface effects, providing a framework to understand the effects of water surfaces on our atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68566, USA
| | - M Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68566, USA
| | - J M Anglada
- Departament de Química Biològica i Modelització Molecular, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (IQAC-CSIC), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M T C Martins-Costa
- Le Laboratoire Structure et Réactivité des Systèmes Moléculaires Complexes (SRSMC), CNRS UMR 7019, Université de Lorraine, BP 70239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - M F Ruiz-Lopez
- Le Laboratoire Structure et Réactivité des Systèmes Moléculaires Complexes (SRSMC), CNRS UMR 7019, Université de Lorraine, BP 70239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - X C Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68566, USA
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68566, USA.,Department of Earth and Environmental Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6316, USA;
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119
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Multiphase reactivity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is driven by phase separation and diffusion limitations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:11658-11663. [PMID: 31142653 PMCID: PMC6575172 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1902517116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the most prominent toxic compounds in the air. Heterogeneous reactions involving O3 can change the toxicity of PAHs, but the reaction mechanism and kinetics remain to be elucidated. Based on new experiments combined with state-of-the-art kinetic and thermodynamic models, we show that phase separation plays a critical role in the ozonolysis of PAHs mixed with secondary organic aerosols and organic oils. Ozonolysis products of PAHs phase separate to form viscous surface crusts, which protect underlying PAHs from ozonolysis to prolong their chemical lifetime. These results have significant implications for outdoor and indoor air quality by affecting PAH long-range transport and fate in indoor environments. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a key polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) often associated with soot particles coated by organic compounds, is a known carcinogen and mutagen. When mixed with organics, the kinetics and mechanisms of chemical transformations of BaP by ozone in indoor and outdoor environments are still not fully elucidated. Using direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS), kinetics studies of the ozonolysis of BaP in thin films exhibited fast initial loss of BaP followed by a slower decay at long exposure times. Kinetic multilayer modeling demonstrates that the slow decay of BaP over long times can be simulated if there is slow diffusion of BaP from the film interior to the surface, resolving long-standing unresolved observations of incomplete PAH decay upon prolonged ozone exposure. Phase separation drives the slow diffusion time scales in multicomponent systems. Specifically, thermodynamic modeling predicts that BaP phase separates from secondary organic aerosol material so that the BaP-rich layer at the surface shields the inner BaP from ozone. Also, BaP is miscible with organic oils such as squalane, linoleic acid, and cooking oil, but its oxidation products are virtually immiscible, resulting in the formation of a viscous surface crust that hinders diffusion of BaP from the film interior to the surface. These findings imply that phase separation and slow diffusion significantly prolong the chemical lifetime of PAHs, affecting long-range transport of PAHs in the atmosphere and their fates in indoor environments.
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120
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Ryu HW, Song MY, Park JS, Kim JM, Jung SC, Song J, Kim BJ, Park YK. Removal of toluene using ozone at room temperature over mesoporous Mn/Al 2O 3 catalysts. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 172:649-657. [PMID: 30878736 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic oxidation of toluene with ozone at room temperature was carried out over hierarchically ordered mesoporous catalysts (CeO2 (meso), Mn2O3 (meso), ZrO2 (meso), and γ-Al2O3 (meso)) and Al2O3 with various textural properties and phases (γ-Al2O3 (meso), γ-Al2O3 (13 nm), and α-Al2O3) to examine the effects of the nature of the catalyst on the catalytic activity. The catalysts were characterized by N2-physisorption measurements, powder X-ray diffraction, temperature programmed reduction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Among the ordered mesoporous catalysts, γ-Al2O3 (meso) had the highest toluene removal efficiency because of its highest surface area and pore volume, which in turn was selected for further investigation. Manganese (Mn) was introduced to various Al2O3 to improve the toluene removal efficiency. Comparing the Mn-loaded catalysts supported on various Al2O3 with different crystalline phases or pore structures, Mn/γ-Al2O3 (meso), had the highest catalytic activity as well as the highest CO2/CO ratio. The higher activity was attributed to the larger surface area, weaker interaction between Mn and Al2O3, and larger portion of Mn2O3 phase. The increase in ozone concentration led to an improvement in the carbon balance but this enhancement was insufficient due to the deposition of by-products on the catalyst. After long term tests at room temperature, the reaction intermediates and carbonaceous deposits of the used catalysts were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Won Ryu
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Song
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Man Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Chul Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - JiHyeon Song
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Kim
- Research Laboratory for Multifunctional Carbon Materials, Korea Institute of Carbon Convergence Technology, Jeonju 54853, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
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121
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Hong Y, Ma Y, Sun J, Li C, Zhang Y, Li X, Zhou D, Liu N. Water-soluble ion components of PM 10 during the winter-spring season in a typical polluted city in Northeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7055-7070. [PMID: 30645747 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04199-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
From January 1 to April 22, 2014, an online analyzer for monitoring aerosols and gases (MARGA) was used to measure and analyze water-soluble ions in inhalable particulate matter with a diameter less than 10 μm (PM10) during winter-spring in Shenyang city, China. The results yielded three main findings. (1) During the entire observation period and in seven pollution episodes, SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+ (SNA) accounted for 84.4-93.1% of the total water-soluble ions (TWSIs). TWSIs accounted for 32% of PM10 mass during the entire observation period, and the contribution of TWSIs in PM10 ranged from 33.4-43.1% in the seven pollution episodes. The contribution of TWSIs components increased during the pollution episodes, but certain differences were observed in different pollution episodes. In terms of ionic equilibrium, the total concentration of negative ions was slightly greater than that of positive ions and the difference was 3.1% of the total ion load on average, indicating that local aerosols are mainly neutral. The water-soluble ions show clear diurnal variation with the high concentration around 09:00 for SO42-, NH4+, and Cl- which is consistent with the high heating grade index. (2) Pollution episodes often occur in Northeast China, especially during the winter period. Due to the low temperature in the winter, the local coal burning for heating is one of the main sources of pollution besides vehicle exhaust and industrial pollution, which is supported by the higher NO3-/SO42- ratio in April than that in January to March. Sometimes, under the prevailing wind directions of W and SSW, the long-distance transport of pollutants from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and Shandong province superimposed on local pollution leads to the most severe pollution, such as Ep3 and Ep5. (3) SO42- concentration is closely related to ambient water vapor pressure (e*), with increase as e* increased depending on the temperature. NO3- concentration showed a linear relationship of excess NH4+, which suggests homogeneous gas-phase reaction of ammonia and nitric acid is possibly an important pathways of nitrate formation in the haze pollution process in Shenyang City. In addition, our results also suggest the nighttime liquid-phase reaction may cause large increases of nitrate in the haze pollution process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Hong
- Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang, 110166, China
| | - Yanjun Ma
- Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang, 110166, China
| | - Junying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather/Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Chaoliu Li
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang, 110166, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang, 110166, China
| | - Deping Zhou
- Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang, 110166, China
| | - Ningwei Liu
- Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang, 110166, China
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122
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Puett RC, Quirós-Alcalá L, Montresor-López JA, Tchangalova N, Dutta A, Payne-Sturges D, Yanosky JD. Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Type 2 Diabetes in Adults. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40471-019-0184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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123
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Gour NK, Rajkumari NP, Deka RC, Paul S, Deka A. Atmospheric degradation pathways and kinetics of 2,2-difluoroethanol (CHF2CH2OH) with Cl atom: A theoretical investigation. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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124
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Liu B, Chen Z, Huang J, Xia Q, Wu Y, Chen H, Fang Y. Development of Iron Encapsulated Hollow Beta Zeolites for Ammonia Selective Catalytic Reduction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b04623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jiajin Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Qibin Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, P.R. China
| | - Huiyong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, P.R. China
| | - Yanxiong Fang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
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125
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The Use of Zeolites for VOCs Abatement by Combining Non-Thermal Plasma, Adsorption, and/or Catalysis: A Review. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-thermal plasma technique can be easily integrated with catalysis and adsorption for environmental applications such as volatile organic compound (VOC) abatement to overcome the shortcomings of individual techniques. This review attempts to give an overview of the literature about the application of zeolite as adsorbent and catalyst in combination with non-thermal plasma for VOC abatement in flue gas. The superior surface properties of zeolites in combination with its excellent catalytic properties obtained by metal loading make it an ideal packing material for adsorption plasma catalytic removal of VOCs. This work highlights the use of zeolites for cyclic adsorption plasma catalysis in order to reduce the energy cost to decompose per VOC molecule and to regenerate zeolites via plasma.
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126
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Zhu B, Han Y, Wang C, Huang X, Xia S, Niu Y, Yin Z, He L. Understanding primary and secondary sources of ambient oxygenated volatile organic compounds in Shenzhen utilizing photochemical age-based parameterization method. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 75:105-114. [PMID: 30473275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) are key intermediates in the atmospheric photooxidation process. To further study the primary and secondary sources of OVOCs, their ambient levels were monitored using a proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) at an urban site in the Pearl River Delta of China. Continuous monitoring campaigns were conducted in the spring, summer, fall, and winter of 2016. Among the six types of OVOC species, the mean concentrations of methanol were the highest in each season (up to 13-20ppbv), followed by those of acetone, acetaldehyde and acetic acid (approximately 2-4ppbv), while those of formic acid and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) were the lowest (approximately 1-2ppbv). As observed from a diurnal variation chart, the OVOCs observed in Shenzhen may have been affected by numerous factors such as their primary and secondary sources and photochemical consumption. The photochemical age-based parameterization method was used to apportion the sources of ambient OVOCs. Methanol had significant anthropogenic primary sources but negligible anthropogenic secondary sources during all of the seasons. Acetone, MEK and acetic acid were mostly attributed to anthropogenic primary sources during each season with smaller contributions from anthropogenic secondary sources. Acetaldehyde had similar contributions from both anthropogenic secondary and anthropogenic primary sources throughout the year. Meanwhile, anthropogenic primary sources contributed the most to formic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yu Han
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Shiyong Xia
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yingbo Niu
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zixuan Yin
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lingyan He
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
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127
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De Marco I, Riemma S, Iannone R. Life cycle assessment of supercritical impregnation: Starch aerogel + α-tocopherol tablets. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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128
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Tang Y, Yamamoto S, Imasaka T. Determination of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in particulate matter 2.5 by laser ionization mass spectrometry using an on-line chemical-reduction system. Analyst 2019; 144:2909-2913. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00308h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were separated by gas chromatography and were introduced into a reactor for on-line chemical reduction using hydrazine monohydrate as a chemical reducing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Shigekazu Yamamoto
- Division of Air Science
- Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences
- Fukuoka 818-0135
- Japan
| | - Totaro Imasaka
- Division of International Strategy
- Center of Future Chemistry
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka
- Japan
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129
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Ji J, Fang Y, He L, Huang H. Efficient catalytic removal of airborne ozone under ambient conditions over manganese oxides immobilized on carbon nanotubes. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00762h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
MnOx–CNT nanocomposites are efficient towards ozone decomposition owing to the electron transfer from the CNTs to MnOx that facilitates the activation of ozone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Yang Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Linsong He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Haibao Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology
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130
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Isiugo K, Newman N, Jandarov R, Grinshpun SA, Reponen T. Assessing the accuracy of commercially available gas sensors for the measurement of ambient ozone and nitrogen dioxide. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2018; 15:782-791. [PMID: 30156975 PMCID: PMC6324576 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2018.1513135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) accuracy criterion is to ensure that measurements from monitoring devices are within ±25% of the true concentration of the analyte with 95% certainty. To determine whether NO2 and O3 sensors meet this criterion, three commercially available units (Cairclip O3/NO2, Aeroqual NO2, and Aeroqual O3 sensors) were co-located three times with validated instruments (NOx chemiluminescence [NO2mon] and photometric O3 analyzers [O3mon]) at an outdoor monitoring station. As cofactors of sensor performance such as temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) potentially influence the response of NO2 and O3 sensors, corrections for cofactors were made by using T, RH, and the sensor measurements to predict measurements made by NO2mon and O3mon during the first co-location period (training dataset). The developed models were tested in the merged data obtained from the second and third co-location periods (testing dataset). In the training and testing datasets, the mean NO2 as measured by NO2mon was 4.6 ppb (range = 0.4-35 ppb) and 9.4 ppb (range = 1-37 ppb), respectively. The mean O3 in the training and testing datasets as measured by O3mon was 38.8 ppb (range = 1-65 ppb) and 35.7 ppb (range = 1-61 ppb), respectively. None of the sensor measurements in the training dataset were within the NIOSH accuracy criterion (mean error ≥25%). After correcting for cofactors of sensor performance, the accuracy of the Cairclip O3/NO2 and the Aeroqual O3 sensors considerably improved when tested with the testing dataset (mean error = -1% and 14%, respectively). However, the Aeroqual NO2 sensor had an error that was not within ±25%. Raw measurements from the tested sensors may be unsuitable for assessing workers' exposure to NO2 and O3. Corrections for cofactors of Cairclip O3/NO2 and Aeroqual O3 sensor performance are required for more accurate occupational exposure assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelechi Isiugo
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicholas Newman
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Roman Jandarov
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sergey A. Grinshpun
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Tiina Reponen
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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131
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Younis A, Shirsath SE, Shabbir B, Li S. Controllable dynamics of oxygen vacancies through extrinsic doping for superior catalytic activities. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:18576-18585. [PMID: 30259037 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03801e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to its strong redox ability, high stability, cost effectiveness and non-toxicity, cerium oxide (CeO2) has been extensively researched as an active photocatalyst material. The underlying photocatalytic reactions are mostly associated with the transportation of oxygen ions through vacancies, but the actual transport phenomenon had not been clearly understood. In this work, gadolinium (Gd) is sequentially doped into CeO2 to investigate how extrinsic doping can modulate oxygen vacancies in CeO2 and influence photocatalytic activities. From our investigations, it was found that the Gd doping may induce structural symmetry breaking leading to a pure CeO2 fluorite structure that transforms mobile oxygen vacancies into clustered or immobile vacancies. When the vacancies were set as "mobile" (for Gd doping levels ≤15 at%), maximum photocatalytic activities were obtained. In contrast, suppressed photocatalytic efficiencies were noted for higher Gd doping levels (20 at% or more). The results reported in this research may provide an extra degree of freedom in the form of extrinsic doping to configure the oxygen vacancy defects and their mobility to achieve better catalytic efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Younis
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, NSW, Australia.
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132
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Johansson KO, Head-Gordon MP, Schrader PE, Wilson KR, Michelsen HA. Resonance-stabilized hydrocarbon-radical chain reactions may explain soot inception and growth. Science 2018; 361:997-1000. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aat3417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Mystery surrounds the transition from gas-phase hydrocarbon precursors to terrestrial soot and interstellar dust, which are carbonaceous particles formed under similar conditions. Although polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known precursors to high-temperature carbonaceous-particle formation, the molecular pathways that initiate particle formation are unknown. We present experimental and theoretical evidence for rapid molecular clustering–reaction pathways involving radicals with extended conjugation. These radicals react with other hydrocarbon species to form covalently bound complexes that promote further growth and clustering by regenerating resonance-stabilized radicals through low-barrier hydrogen-abstraction and hydrogen-ejection reactions. Such radical–chain reaction pathways may lead to covalently bound clusters of PAHs and other hydrocarbons that would otherwise be too small to condense at high temperatures, thus providing the key mechanistic steps for rapid particle formation and surface growth by hydrocarbon chemisorption.
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133
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Yang M, Wang Y, Li H, Li T, Nie X, Cao F, Yang F, Wang Z, Wang T, Qie G, Jin T, Du L, Wang W. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) associated with PM 2.5 within boundary layer: Cloud/fog and regional transport. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 627:613-621. [PMID: 29426185 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A study of PM2.5-associated PAHs analysis at Mount Lushan (1165m) was conducted to investigate the distributions of PAHs in PM2.5 and influences of cloud/fog. The main purpose was to quantify the main emission sources of PAHs and estimate regional transport effects within the boundary layer. Mount Lushan is located between the boundary layer and troposphere, which is an ideal site for atmosphere transport investigation. The concentrations of PAHs in PM2.5 were analyzed with GC-MS. The results showed that the volume concentration was 6.98ng/m3 with a range from 1.47 to 25.17ng/m3 and PAHs mass were 160.24μg/g (from 63.86 to 427.97μg/g) during the sampling time at Mount Lushan. The dominant compounds are BbF, Pyr and BP. In terms of aromatic-ring PAHs distributions, 4-6-ring PAHs are predominant, indicating that the high-ring PAHs tend to contribute more than low-ring PAHs in particulates. Due to frequent cloud/fog days at Mount Lushan, PAHs concentrations in the PM2.5 were determined before and after cloud/fog weather. The results demonstrated that the cloud/fog and rain conditions cause lower PAHs levels. Regression analysis was used for studying the relationship of PAHs distributions with meteorological conditions like temperature, humidity and wind. The results showed that the temperature and wind speed were inversely related with PAHs concentration but humidity had no significant relationship. Furthermore, backward trajectories and PCA combined with DR (diagnostic ratio analysis) were employed to identify the influences of regional transport and main emission sources. The results revealed that PAHs in PM2.5 were mainly affected by regional transport with the main emissions by mobile vehicle and steel industry, which contributed about 56.0% to the total PAHs in the area of Mount Lushan. In addition, backward trajectories revealed that the dominant air masses were from the northwest accounting for about one third of total PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Yang
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Hongli Li
- Environmental Monitoring Central Station of Shandong Province, Jinan 250101, China.
| | - Tao Li
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaoling Nie
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Fangfang Cao
- Environmental Monitoring Central Station of Shandong Province, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Fengchun Yang
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guanghao Qie
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Tong Jin
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lili Du
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenxing Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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134
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Bastawrous M, Jenne A, Tabatabaei Anaraki M, Simpson AJ. In-Vivo NMR Spectroscopy: A Powerful and Complimentary Tool for Understanding Environmental Toxicity. Metabolites 2018; 8:E35. [PMID: 29795000 PMCID: PMC6027203 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Part review, part perspective, this article examines the applications and potential of in-vivo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) for understanding environmental toxicity. In-vivo NMR can be applied in high field NMR spectrometers using either magic angle spinning based approaches, or flow systems. Solution-state NMR in combination with a flow system provides a low stress approach to monitor dissolved metabolites, while magic angle spinning NMR allows the detection of all components (solutions, gels and solids), albeit with additional stress caused by the rapid sample spinning. With in-vivo NMR it is possible to use the same organisms for control and exposure studies (controls are the same organisms prior to exposure inside the NMR). As such individual variability can be reduced while continual data collection over time provides the temporal resolution required to discern complex interconnected response pathways. When multidimensional NMR is combined with isotopic labelling, a wide range of metabolites can be identified in-vivo providing a unique window into the living metabolome that is highly complementary to more traditional metabolomics studies employing extracts, tissues, or biofluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Bastawrous
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
| | - Amy Jenne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
| | - Maryam Tabatabaei Anaraki
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
| | - André J Simpson
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
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135
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Wang H, Tian P, Chen Z, Wu S, Yang W, Yu Q, Zhou J. Effect of coke formation on catalytic activity tests for catalytic combustion of toluene: the difficulty of measuring TOF and T 98 accurately. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2018.1470510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha University Park, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Penghui Tian
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha University Park, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zewen Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha University Park, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengji Wu
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha University Park, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha University Park, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinqin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha University Park, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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136
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Paul S, Deka RC, Gour NK. Quantum chemical study on the reaction mechanism and kinetics of Cl-initiated oxidation of methyl n-propyl ether. Theor Chem Acc 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-018-2239-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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137
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Son YS, Kim TH, Choi CY, Park JH, Ahn JW, Dinh TV. Treatment of toluene and its by-products using an electron beam/ultra-fine bubble hybrid system. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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138
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Yadav IC, Devi NL, Li J, Zhang G. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in house dust and surface soil in major urban regions of Nepal: Implication on source apportionment and toxicological effect. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:223-235. [PMID: 29112844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Urban centers have turned to be the provincial store for resource consumptions and source releases of different types of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), bringing about boundless environmental pollutions, among different issues. Human prosperity inside urban communities is unambiguously dependent on the status of urban soils and house dusts. However, environmental occurrence and sources of release of these SVOCs are challenging in Nepalese cities, as exceptionally very limited data are accessible. This motivated us to explore the environmental fate, their source/sink susceptibilities and health risk associated with PAHs. In this study, we investigated the contamination level, environmental fate and sources/sink of 16 EPA's priority pollutants in surface soil and house dusts from four major cities of Nepal. Additionally, the toxicological effect of individual PAH was studied to assess the health risk of PAHs. Generally, the concentrations of ∑16PAHs in surface soil were 1.5 times higher than house dust, and ranged 767-6770ng/g dry weight (dw) (median 1810ng/g dw), and 747-4910 dw (median 1320ng/g dw), respectively. High molecular weight-PAHs both in soil and dust were more abundant than low molecular weight-PAHs, suggesting the dominance of pyrogenic source. Moderate to weak correlation of TOC and BC with PAHs in soil and dust suggested little or no role of soil organic carbon in sorption of PAHs. Source diagnostic ratio and principal component analysis indicated fossil fuel combustion, traffic/vehicular emissions and combustion of biomass are the principal sources of PAHs contamination in Nepalese urban environment. The high average TEQ value of PAHs in soil than dust suggested high risk of soil carcinogenicity compared to dust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishwar Chandra Yadav
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Department of International Environmental and Agricultural Science (IEAS), Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT) 3-5-8, Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu-Shi, Tokyo 1838509, Japan.
| | | | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
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139
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Renzi M, Cerza F, Gariazzo C, Agabiti N, Cascini S, Di Domenicantonio R, Davoli M, Forastiere F, Cesaroni G. Air pollution and occurrence of type 2 diabetes in a large cohort study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 112:68-76. [PMID: 29253730 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The few cohort studies that have investigated the association between exposure to air pollution and occurrence of diabetes have reported conflicting results. We aimed to evaluate the association of long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and ozone (O3), with baseline prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes in a large administrative cohort in Rome, Italy. A total of 1,425,580 subjects aged 35+years (January 1st, 2008) were assessed and followed for six years. We estimated PM10, PM2.5-10, PM2.5, NO2, and NOx exposures at residence using land use regression models, and summer O3 exposure using dispersion modeling. To estimate the association between air pollutant exposures and prevalence and incidence of diabetes, we used logistic and Cox regression models, considering individual, environmental (noise and green areas), and contextual characteristics. We identified 106,387 prevalent cases at baseline and 65,955 incident cases during the follow-up period. We found positive associations between nitrogen oxides exposures and prevalence of diabetes with odds ratios (ORs) up to 1.010 (95% CI: 1.002, 1.017) and 1.015 (1.009, 1.021) for NO2 and NOx, respectively, per fixed increases (per 10μg/m3 and 20μg/m3, respectively). We also found some evidence of an association between NOx and O3 and incidence of diabetes, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.011 (95%CI: 1.003-1.019) and 1.015 (1.002-1.027) per 20 and 10μg/m3 increases, respectively. The association with O3 with incident diabetes was stronger in women than in men and among those aged <50years. In sum, long-term exposure to nitrogen oxides was associated with prevalent diabetes while NOx and O3 exposures were associated with incident diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Renzi
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | - Nera Agabiti
- Decio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Marina Davoli
- Decio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
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140
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Cho SH, Lee SK, Kim CH. The determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human urine by high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4166. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hee Cho
- Center for Chemical Analysis; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Yuseong-gu, Daejeon Korea
| | - Sun-Kyung Lee
- Center for Chemical Analysis; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Yuseong-gu, Daejeon Korea
- Department of Chemistry; Korea University; Anam-dong Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul Korea
| | - Chong Hyeak Kim
- Center for Chemical Analysis; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Yuseong-gu, Daejeon Korea
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141
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Liao D, Li E, Li J, Zeng P, Feng R, Xu M, Sun G. Removal of benzene, toluene, xylene and styrene by biotrickling filters and identification of their interactions. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189927. [PMID: 29293540 PMCID: PMC5749713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotrickling filters (BTFs) are becoming very potential means to purify waste gases containing multiple VOC components, but the removal of the waste gases by BTF has been a major challenge due to the extremely complicated interactions among the components. Four biotrickling filters packed with polyurethane foam were employed to identify the interactions among four aromatic compounds (benzene, toluene, xylene and styrene). The elimination capacities obtained at 90% of removal efficiency for individual toluene, styrene and xylene were 297.02, 225.27 and 180.75 g/m3h, respectively. No obvious removal for benzene was observed at the inlet loading rates ranging from 20 to 450 g/m3h. The total elimination capacities for binary gases significantly decreased in all biotrickling filters. However, the removal of benzene was enhanced in the presence of other gases. The removal capacities of ternary and quaternary gases were further largely lowered. High-throughput sequencing results revealed that microbial communities changed greatly with the composition of gases, from which we found that: all samples were dominated either by the genus Achromobacter or the Burkholderia. Different gaseous combination enriched or inhibited some microbial species. Group I includes samples of BTFs treating single and binary gases and was dominated by the genus Achromobacter, with little Burkholderia inside. Group II includes the rest of the samples taken from BTFs domesticated with ternary and quaternary gases, and was dominated by the genus Burkholderia, with little Achromobacter detected. These genera were highly associated with the biodegradation of benzene series in BTFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqi Liao
- South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Enze Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiyuan Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongfang Feng
- South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiying Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Sun
- South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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142
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Cai T, Yuan J, Zhang L, Yang L, Tong Q, Ge M, Xiao B, Zhang X, Zhao K, He D. Ni–Co–O solid solution dispersed nanocrystalline Co3O4 as a highly active catalyst for low-temperature propane combustion. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy01062e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly active nanocrystalline Co3O4 dispersed on Ni–Co–O solid solution surface for propane combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cai
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology
| | - Jing Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology
- Shanghai 200241
- PR China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- PR China
| | - Ling Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology
- Shanghai 200241
- PR China
| | - Qin Tong
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology
- Shanghai 200241
- PR China
| | - Meiying Ge
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology
- Shanghai 200241
- PR China
| | - Bei Xiao
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- PR China
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- PR China
| | - Kunfeng Zhao
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology
| | - Dannong He
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology
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143
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Qin X, Wang S, Luo L, He G, Sun H, Gong Y, Jiang B, Wei C. AIE-active polyanetholesulfonic acid sodium salts with room-temperature phosphorescence characteristics for Fe3+ detection. RSC Adv 2018; 8:31231-31236. [PMID: 35548715 PMCID: PMC9085572 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06178e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Room-temperature phosphorescent materials have been a major focus of research and development during the past decades, due to their applications in OLEDs, photovoltaic cells, chemical sensors, and bioimaging. However, achieving polymeric phosphorescent materials without heavy-metal atoms and halogens under ambient conditions remains a major challenge. Here, we report a polymeric phosphor, namely polyanetholesulfonic acid sodium salt, which not only has room temperature phosphorescence characteristic but also aggregation-induced emission and dependence on the excitation wavelength characteristics. Moreover, it can recognize Fe3+ effectively. Commercialized polyanetholesulfonic acid sodium salts have AIE activity and room temperature phosphorescence characteristics.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Qin
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
| | - Shiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
| | - Lian Luo
- College of Pharmacy
- Guilin Medical University
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Gang He
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
| | - Huazhen Sun
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
| | - Yongyang Gong
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
| | - Bingli Jiang
- College of Pharmacy
- Guilin Medical University
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Chun Wei
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
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144
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Socorro J, Lakey PSJ, Han L, Berkemeier T, Lammel G, Zetzsch C, Pöschl U, Shiraiwa M. Heterogeneous OH Oxidation, Shielding Effects, and Implications for the Atmospheric Fate of Terbuthylazine and Other Pesticides. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:13749-13754. [PMID: 29125742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Terbuthylazine (TBA) is a widely used herbicide, and its heterogeneous reaction with OH radicals is important for assessing its potential to undergo atmospheric long-range transport and to affect the environment and public health. The apparent reaction rate coefficients obtained in different experimental investigations, however, vary by orders of magnitude depending on the applied experimental techniques and conditions. In this study, we used a kinetic multilayer model of aerosol chemistry with reversible surface adsorption and bulk diffusion (KM-SUB) in combination with a Monte Carlo genetic algorithm to simulate the measured decay rates of TBA. Two experimental data sets available from different studies can be described with a consistent set of kinetic parameters resolving the interplay of chemical reaction, mass transport, and shielding effects. Our study suggests that mass transport and shielding effects can substantially extend the atmospheric lifetime of reactive pesticides from a few days to weeks, with strong implications for long-range transport and potential health effects of these substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Socorro
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry , 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Pascale S J Lakey
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry , 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92617, United States
| | - Lei Han
- Forschungsstelle für Atmosphärische Chemie, University of Bayreuth , 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thomas Berkemeier
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Gerhard Lammel
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry , 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University , 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Cornelius Zetzsch
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry , 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Forschungsstelle für Atmosphärische Chemie, University of Bayreuth , 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ulrich Pöschl
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry , 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manabu Shiraiwa
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92617, United States
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145
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Fard MM, Krieger UK, Peter T. Kinetic Limitation to Inorganic Ion Diffusivity and to Coalescence of Inorganic Inclusions in Viscous Liquid–Liquid Phase-Separated Particles. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:9284-9296. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b05242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnoush M. Fard
- Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich K. Krieger
- Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Peter
- Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
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146
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Fetterman JL, Sammy MJ, Ballinger SW. Mitochondrial toxicity of tobacco smoke and air pollution. Toxicology 2017; 391:18-33. [PMID: 28838641 PMCID: PMC5681398 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Fetterman
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Melissa J Sammy
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Scott W Ballinger
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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147
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Li K, Chen J, Bai B, Zhao S, Hu F, Li J. Bridging the reaction route of toluene total oxidation and the structure of ordered mesoporous Co 3 O 4 : The roles of surface sodium and adsorbed oxygen. Catal Today 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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148
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Wang L, Yu Y, He H, Zhang Y, Qin X, Wang B. Oxygen vacancy clusters essential for the catalytic activity of CeO 2 nanocubes for o-xylene oxidation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12845. [PMID: 28993652 PMCID: PMC5634409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalytic oxidation of o-xylene was investigated on CeO2 nanocubes calcined at 350, 450, 550, and 650 °C, among which the samples calcined at 550 °C exhibited the highest activity and long durability. Positron annihilation spectroscopy measurements revealed that the size and distribution of oxygen vacancies for CeO2 nanocubes could be tuned by carefully controlling the calcination temperature. An excellent linear correlation between a factor related to size and density of oxygen vacancy clusters and reaction rate of o-xylene oxidation was revealed on ceria nanocubes. This means that oxygen vacancy clusters with suitable size and distribution are responsible for catalytic reaction via simultaneous adsorption and activation of oxygen and o-xylene. Electron spin resonance spectra revealed that over the CeO2 cubes, water vapor significantly promoted the formation of ∙OH radicals with a sharp decrease in the signals relating to oxygen vacancies, accelerating the transformation of o-xylene to the intermediate benzoate species, resulting in an enhancement of catalytic activity. Water thus serves as a “smart” molecule; its introduction into the feed mixture further confirmed the key role of oxygen vacancies in the catalytic performance of CeO2 nanocubes. A possible mechanism of oxygen vacancy formation during the calcination process was also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Wang
- State key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yunbo Yu
- State key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China. .,Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Hong He
- State key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China. .,Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- State key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xiubo Qin
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analysis Techniques, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baoyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analysis Techniques, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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149
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Nichols B, Sullivan EN, Ryazanov M, Hong CM, Neumark DM. Investigation of the two- and three-fragment photodissociation of the tert-butyl peroxy radical at 248 nm. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:134304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4994713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bethan Nichols
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Erin N. Sullivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Mikhail Ryazanov
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Cynthia M. Hong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Daniel M. Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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150
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Zhu J, Wang S, Tsona NT, Jiang X, Wang Y, Ge M, Du L. Gas-Phase Reaction of Methyl n-Propyl Ether with OH, NO3, and Cl: Kinetics and Mechanism. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:6800-6809. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b06877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Zhu
- Environment
Research Institute, Shandong University, Ji’nan 250100, China
- Shenzhen
Research Institute, Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Shuyan Wang
- Environment
Research Institute, Shandong University, Ji’nan 250100, China
| | - Narcisse T. Tsona
- Environment
Research Institute, Shandong University, Ji’nan 250100, China
| | - Xiaotong Jiang
- Environment
Research Institute, Shandong University, Ji’nan 250100, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Key Lab of Colloid
and Interface Science of the Education Ministry, Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji’nan 250100, China
| | - Maofa Ge
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory
for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lin Du
- Environment
Research Institute, Shandong University, Ji’nan 250100, China
- Shenzhen
Research Institute, Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
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