101
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Mirtschink P, Krek W. Hypoxia-driven glycolytic and fructolytic metabolic programs: Pivotal to hypertrophic heart disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:1822-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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102
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Nagai-Okatani C, Minamino N. Aberrant Glycosylation in the Left Ventricle and Plasma of Rats with Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150210. [PMID: 27281159 PMCID: PMC4900630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted proteomics focusing on post-translational modifications, including glycosylation, is a useful strategy for discovering novel biomarkers. To apply this strategy effectively to cardiac hypertrophy and resultant heart failure, we aimed to characterize glycosylation profiles in the left ventricle and plasma of rats with cardiac hypertrophy. Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats, a model of hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy, were fed a high-salt (8% NaCl) diet starting at 6 weeks. As a result, they exhibited cardiac hypertrophy at 12 weeks and partially impaired cardiac function at 16 weeks compared with control rats fed a low-salt (0.3% NaCl) diet. Gene expression analysis revealed significant changes in the expression of genes encoding glycosyltransferases and glycosidases. Glycoproteome profiling using lectin microarrays indicated upregulation of mucin-type O-glycosylation, especially disialyl-T, and downregulation of core fucosylation on N-glycans, detected by specific interactions with Amaranthus caudatus and Aspergillus oryzae lectins, respectively. Upregulation of plasma α-l-fucosidase activity was identified as a biomarker candidate for cardiac hypertrophy, which is expected to support the existing marker, atrial natriuretic peptide and its related peptides. Proteomic analysis identified cysteine and glycine-rich protein 3, a master regulator of cardiac muscle function, as an O-glycosylated protein with altered glycosylation in the rats with cardiac hypertrophy, suggesting that alternations in O-glycosylation affect its oligomerization and function. In conclusion, our data provide evidence of significant changes in glycosylation pattern, specifically mucin-type O-glycosylation and core defucosylation, in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, suggesting that they are potential biomarkers for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Nagai-Okatani
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoto Minamino
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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103
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Beta-Adrenoceptor Stimulation Reveals Ca2+ Waves and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Depletion in Left Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Post-Infarction Rats with and without Heart Failure. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153887. [PMID: 27096943 PMCID: PMC4838269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal cellular Ca2+ handling contributes to both contractile dysfunction and arrhythmias in heart failure. Reduced Ca2+ transient amplitude due to decreased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content is a common finding in heart failure models. However, heart failure models also show increased propensity for diastolic Ca2+ release events which occur when sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content exceeds a certain threshold level. Such Ca2+ release events can initiate arrhythmias. In this study we aimed to investigate if both of these aspects of altered Ca2+ homeostasis could be found in left ventricular cardiomyocytes from rats with different states of cardiac function six weeks after myocardial infarction when compared to sham-operated controls. Video edge-detection, whole-cell Ca2+ imaging and confocal line-scan imaging were used to investigate cardiomyocyte contractile properties, Ca2+ transients and Ca2+ waves. In baseline conditions, i.e. without beta-adrenoceptor stimulation, cardiomyocytes from rats with large myocardial infarction, but without heart failure, did not differ from sham-operated animals in any of these aspects of cellular function. However, when exposed to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation, cardiomyocytes from both non-failing and failing rat hearts showed decreased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content, decreased Ca2+ transient amplitude, and increased frequency of Ca2+ waves. These results are in line with a decreased threshold for diastolic Ca2+ release established by other studies. In the present study, factors that might contribute to a lower threshold for diastolic Ca2+ release were increased THR286 phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and increased protein phosphatase 1 abundance. In conclusion, this study demonstrates both decreased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content and increased propensity for diastolic Ca2+ release events in ventricular cardiomyocytes from rats with heart failure after myocardial infarction, and that these phenomena are also found in rats with large myocardial infarctions without heart failure development. Importantly, beta-adrenoceptor stimulation is necessary to reveal these perturbations in Ca2+ handling after a myocardial infarction.
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104
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Skårdal K, Espe EKS, Zhang L, Aronsen JM, Sjaastad I. Three-Directional Evaluation of Mitral Flow in the Rat Heart by Phase-Contrast Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150536. [PMID: 26930073 PMCID: PMC4773091 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Determination of mitral flow is an important aspect in assessment of cardiac function. Traditionally, mitral flow is measured by Doppler echocardiography which suffers from several challenges, particularly related to the direction and the spatial inhomogeneity of flow. These challenges are especially prominent in rodents. The purpose of this study was to establish a cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) protocol for evaluation of three-directional mitral flow in a rodent model of cardiac disease. Materials and Methods Three-directional mitral flow were evaluated by phase contrast CMR (PC-CMR) in rats with aortic banding (AB) (N = 7) and sham-operated controls (N = 7). Peak mitral flow and deceleration rate from PC-CMR was compared to conventional Doppler echocardiography. The accuracy of PC-CMR was investigated by comparison of spatiotemporally integrated mitral flow with left ventricular stroke volume assessed by cine CMR. Results PC-CMR portrayed the spatial distribution of mitral flow and flow direction in the atrioventricular plane throughout diastole. Both PC-CMR and echocardiography demonstrated increased peak mitral flow velocity and higher deceleration rate in AB compared to sham. Comparison with cine CMR revealed that PC-CMR measured mitral flow with excellent accuracy. Echocardiography presented significantly lower values of flow compared to PC-CMR. Conclusions For the first time, we show that PC-CMR offers accurate evaluation of three-directional mitral blood flow in rodents. The method successfully detects alterations in the mitral flow pattern in response to cardiac disease and provides novel insight into the characteristics of mitral flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Skårdal
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Emil KS Espe
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lili Zhang
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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105
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Hafver TL, Hodne K, Wanichawan P, Aronsen JM, Dalhus B, Lunde PK, Lunde M, Martinsen M, Enger UH, Fuller W, Sjaastad I, Louch WE, Sejersted OM, Carlson CR. Protein Phosphatase 1c Associated with the Cardiac Sodium Calcium Exchanger 1 Regulates Its Activity by Dephosphorylating Serine 68-phosphorylated Phospholemman. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:4561-79. [PMID: 26668322 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.677898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The sodium (Na(+))-calcium (Ca(2+)) exchanger 1 (NCX1) is an important regulator of intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis. Serine 68-phosphorylated phospholemman (pSer-68-PLM) inhibits NCX1 activity. In the context of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (NKA) regulation, pSer-68-PLM is dephosphorylated by protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). PP1 also associates with NCX1; however, the molecular basis of this association is unknown. In this study, we aimed to analyze the mechanisms of PP1 targeting to the NCX1-pSer-68-PLM complex and hypothesized that a direct and functional NCX1-PP1 interaction is a prerequisite for pSer-68-PLM dephosphorylation. Using a variety of molecular techniques, we show that PP1 catalytic subunit (PP1c) co-localized, co-fractionated, and co-immunoprecipitated with NCX1 in rat cardiomyocytes, left ventricle lysates, and HEK293 cells. Bioinformatic analysis, immunoprecipitations, mutagenesis, pulldown experiments, and peptide arrays constrained PP1c anchoring to the K(I/V)FF motif in the first Ca(2+) binding domain (CBD) 1 in NCX1. This binding site is also partially in agreement with the extended PP1-binding motif K(V/I)FF-X5-8Φ1Φ2-X8-9-R. The cytosolic loop of NCX1, containing the K(I/V)FF motif, had no effect on PP1 activity in an in vitro assay. Dephosphorylation of pSer-68-PLM in HEK293 cells was not observed when NCX1 was absent, when the K(I/V)FF motif was mutated, or when the PLM- and PP1c-binding sites were separated (mimicking calpain cleavage of NCX1). Co-expression of PLM and NCX1 inhibited NCX1 current (both modes). Moreover, co-expression of PLM with NCX1(F407P) (mutated K(I/V)FF motif) resulted in the current being completely abolished. In conclusion, NCX1 is a substrate-specifying PP1c regulator protein, indirectly regulating NCX1 activity through pSer-68-PLM dephosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tandekile Lubelwana Hafver
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Hodne
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway, the Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Pimthanya Wanichawan
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Dalhus
- the Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway, the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway and
| | - Per Kristian Lunde
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Lunde
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marita Martinsen
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulla Helene Enger
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - William Fuller
- the Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom DD1 9SY
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - William Edward Louch
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Mathias Sejersted
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Rein Carlson
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway,
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106
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Ramirez-Correa GA, Ma J, Slawson C, Zeidan Q, Lugo-Fagundo NS, Xu M, Shen X, Gao WD, Caceres V, Chakir K, DeVine L, Cole RN, Marchionni L, Paolocci N, Hart GW, Murphy AM. Removal of Abnormal Myofilament O-GlcNAcylation Restores Ca2+ Sensitivity in Diabetic Cardiac Muscle. Diabetes 2015; 64:3573-87. [PMID: 26109417 PMCID: PMC4587639 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Contractile dysfunction and increased deposition of O-linked β-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in cardiac proteins are a hallmark of the diabetic heart. However, whether and how this posttranslational alteration contributes to lower cardiac function remains unclear. Using a refined β-elimination/Michael addition with tandem mass tags (TMT)-labeling proteomic technique, we show that CpOGA, a bacterial analog of O-GlcNAcase (OGA) that cleaves O-GlcNAc in vivo, removes site-specific O-GlcNAcylation from myofilaments, restoring Ca(2+) sensitivity in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic cardiac muscles. We report that in control rat hearts, O-GlcNAc and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) are mainly localized at the Z-line, whereas OGA is at the A-band. Conversely, in diabetic hearts O-GlcNAc levels are increased and OGT and OGA delocalized. Consistent changes were found in human diabetic hearts. STZ diabetic hearts display increased physical interactions of OGA with α-actin, tropomyosin, and myosin light chain 1, along with reduced OGT and increased OGA activities. Our study is the first to reveal that specific removal of O-GlcNAcylation restores myofilament response to Ca(2+) in diabetic hearts and that altered O-GlcNAcylation is due to the subcellular redistribution of OGT and OGA rather than to changes in their overall activities. Thus, preventing sarcomeric OGT and OGA displacement represents a new possible strategy for treating diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genaro A Ramirez-Correa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Chad Slawson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Quira Zeidan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nahyr S Lugo-Fagundo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mingguo Xu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Xiaoxu Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Wei Dong Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Viviane Caceres
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Khalid Chakir
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lauren DeVine
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Robert N Cole
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Luigi Marchionni
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nazareno Paolocci
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Gerald W Hart
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Anne M Murphy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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107
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Shi J, Gu JH, Dai CL, Gu J, Jin X, Sun J, Iqbal K, Liu F, Gong CX. O-GlcNAcylation regulates ischemia-induced neuronal apoptosis through AKT signaling. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14500. [PMID: 26412745 PMCID: PMC4585968 DOI: 10.1038/srep14500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis plays an important role in neural development and neurological disorders. In this study, we found that O-GlcNAcylation, a unique protein posttranslational modification with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), promoted apoptosis through attenuating phosphorylation/activation of AKT and Bad. By using co-immunoprecipitation and mutagenesis techniques, we identified O-GlcNAc modification at both Thr308 and Ser473 of AKT. O-GlcNAcylation-induced apoptosis was attenuated by over-expression of AKT. We also found a dynamic elevation of protein O-GlcNAcylation during the first four hours of cerebral ischemia, followed by continuous decline after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in the mouse brain. The elevation of O-GlcNAcylation coincided with activation of cell apoptosis. Finally, we found a negative correlation between AKT phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation in ischemic brain tissue. These results indicate that cerebral ischemia induces a rapid increase of O-GlcNAcylation that promotes apoptosis through down-regulation of AKT activity. These findings provide a novel mechanism through which O-GlcNAcylation regulates ischemia-induced neuronal apoptosis through AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.,Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States of America
| | - Jin-hua Gu
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States of America.,Department of Pathophysiology, Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Chun-ling Dai
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States of America
| | - Jianlan Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Xiaoxia Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Jianming Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Khalid Iqbal
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States of America
| | - Fei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.,Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States of America
| | - Cheng-Xin Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.,Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States of America
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108
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Wende AR. Post-translational modifications of the cardiac proteome in diabetes and heart failure. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 10:25-38. [PMID: 26140508 PMCID: PMC4698356 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Decades of research has focused on altered gene expression, altered cellular signaling, and altered metabolism. This work has led to better understanding of disease progression and treatments aimed at reversing or stopping this deadly process. However, one of the pieces needed to complete the puzzle and bridge the gap between altered gene expression and changes in signaling/metabolism is the proteome and its host of modifications. Defining the mechanisms of regulation includes examining protein levels, localization, and activity of the functional component of cellular machinery. Excess or misutilization of nutrients in obesity and diabetes may lead to PTMs contributing to cardiovascular disease progression. PTMs link regulation of metabolic changes in the healthy and diseased heart with regulation of gene expression itself (e.g. epigenetics), protein enzymatic activity (e.g. mitochondrial oxidative capacity), and function (e.g. contractile machinery). Although a number of PTMs are involved in each of these pathways, we will highlight the role of the serine and threonine O‐linked addition of β‐N‐acetyl‐glucosamine or O‐GlcNAcylation. This nexus of nutrient supply, utilization, and storage allows for the modification and translation of mitochondrial function to many other aspects of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam R Wende
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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109
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Medford HM, Marsh SA. The role of O-GlcNAc transferase in regulating the gene transcription of developing and failing hearts. Future Cardiol 2015; 10:801-12. [PMID: 25495821 DOI: 10.2217/fca.14.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure treatment currently centers on symptom management, primarily through reductions in systemic blood pressure and fluid retention. The O-linked attachment of β-N-acetylglucosamine to cardiac proteins is increased in cardiovascular disease and heart failure, and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is the enzyme that catalyzes this addition. Deletion of OGT is embryonically lethal, and cardiomyocyte-specific OGT knockdown causes the exacerbation of heart failure. Stem cell therapy is currently a major focus of heart failure research, and it was recently discovered that OGT is intricately involved with stem cell differentiation. This article focuses on the relationship of OGT with epigenetics and pluripotency, and integrates OGT with several emerging areas of heart failure research, including calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi M Medford
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
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110
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Dubois-Deruy E, Belliard A, Mulder P, Bouvet M, Smet-Nocca C, Janel S, Lafont F, Beseme O, Amouyel P, Richard V, Pinet F. Interplay between troponin T phosphorylation and O-N-acetylglucosaminylation in ischaemic heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 107:56-65. [PMID: 25916824 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Previous studies have reported that decreased serine 208 phosphorylation of troponin T (TnTpSer208) is associated with ischaemic heart failure (HF), but the molecular mechanisms and functional consequences of these changes are unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize the balance between serine phosphorylation and O-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) of TnT in HF, its mechanisms, and the consequences of modulating these post-translational modifications. METHODS AND RESULTS Decreased TnTpSer208 levels in the left ventricles of HF male Wistar rats were associated with reduced expression of PKCε but not of other cardiac PKC isoforms. In both isolated perfused rat hearts and cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes, the PKCε inhibitor εV1-2 decreased TnTpSer208 and simultaneously decreased cardiac contraction in isolated hearts and beating amplitude in neonatal cardiomyocytes (measured by atomic force microscopy). Down-regulating PKCε by silencing RNA (siRNA) also reduced TnTpSer208 in these cardiomyocytes, and PKCε-/- mice had lower TnTpSer208 levels than the wild-type. In parallel, HF increased TnT O-GlcNAcylation via both increased O-GlcNAc transferase and decreased O-GlcNAcase activity. Increasing O-GlcNAcylation (via O-GlcNAcase inhibition with Thiamet G) decreased TnTpSer208 in isolated hearts, while reducing O-GlcNAcylation (O-GlcNAc transferase siRNA) increased TnTpSer208 in neonatal cardiomyocytes. Mass spectrometry and NMR analysis identified O-GlcNAcylation of TnT on Ser190. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate interplay between Ser208 phosphorylation and Ser190 O-GlcNAcylation of TnT in ischaemic HF, linked to decreased activity of both PKCε and O-GlcNAcase and increased O-GlcNAc transferase activity. Modulation of these post-translational modifications of TnT may be a new therapeutic strategy in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Dubois-Deruy
- INSERM, U1167, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, Lille, France Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France University of Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Aude Belliard
- INSERM, U1167, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, Lille, France Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France University of Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Paul Mulder
- Inserm U1096, Rouen, France Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Marion Bouvet
- INSERM, U1167, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, Lille, France Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France University of Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Caroline Smet-Nocca
- University of Lille Nord de France, Lille, France CNRS UMR 8576, Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | | | - Frank Lafont
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France University of Lille Nord de France, Lille, France Bioimaging Center Lille Nord de France, Lille, France CNRS UMR 8204, INSERM U1019, Lille, France
| | - Olivia Beseme
- INSERM, U1167, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, Lille, France Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France University of Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- INSERM, U1167, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, Lille, France Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France University of Lille Nord de France, Lille, France Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Richard
- Inserm U1096, Rouen, France Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Florence Pinet
- INSERM, U1167, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, Lille, France Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France University of Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
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Testa R, Vanhooren V, Bonfigli AR, Boemi M, Olivieri F, Ceriello A, Genovese S, Spazzafumo L, Borelli V, Bacalini MG, Salvioli S, Garagnani P, Dewaele S, Libert C, Franceschi C. N-glycomic changes in serum proteins in type 2 diabetes mellitus correlate with complications and with metabolic syndrome parameters. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119983. [PMID: 25793407 PMCID: PMC4368037 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glycosylation, i.e the enzymatic addition of oligosaccharides (or glycans) to proteins and lipids, known as glycosylation, is one of the most common co-/posttranslational modifications of proteins. Many important biological roles of glycoproteins are modulated by N-linked oligosaccharides. As glucose levels can affect the pathways leading to glycosylation of proteins, we investigated whether metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), pathological conditions characterized by altered glucose levels, are associated with specific modifications in serum N-glycome. Methods We enrolled in the study 562 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) (mean age 65.6±8.2 years) and 599 healthy control subjects (CTRs) (mean age, 58.5±12.4 years). N-glycome was evaluated in serum glycoproteins. Results We found significant changes in N-glycan composition in the sera of T2DM patients. In particular, α(1,6)-linked arm monogalactosylated, core-fucosylated diantennary N-glycans (NG1(6)A2F) were significantly reduced in T2DM compared with CTR subjects. Importantly, they were equally reduced in diabetic patients with and without complications (P<0.001) compared with CTRs. Macro vascular-complications were found to be related with decreased levels of NG1(6)A2F. In addition, NG1(6)A2F and NG1(3)A2F, identifying, respectively, monogalactosylated N-glycans with α(1,6)- and α(1,3)-antennary galactosylation, resulted strongly correlated with most MS parameters. The plasmatic levels of these two glycans were lower in T2DM as compared to healthy controls, and even lower in patients with complications and MS, that is the extreme “unhealthy” phenotype (T2DM+ with MS). Conclusions Imbalance of glycosyltransferases, glycosidases and sugar nucleotide donor levels is able to cause the structural changes evidenced by our findings. Serum N-glycan profiles are thus sensitive to the presence of diabetes and MS. Serum N-glycan levels could therefore provide a non-invasive alternative marker for T2DM and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Testa
- Experimental models in Clinical Pathology, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, 60127, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Valerie Vanhooren
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anna Rita Bonfigli
- Scientific Direction, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, 60124, Italy
| | - Massimo Boemi
- Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology Unit, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, 60020, Italy
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, 60127, Italy
| | - Antonio Ceriello
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, 08017, Spain
| | - Stefano Genovese
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Gruppo Multimedica Sesto San Giovanni (MI), 20099, Italy
| | - Liana Spazzafumo
- Center of Biostatistic, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, 60124, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Borelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 12, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Bacalini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 12, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 12, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 12, Bologna, 40126, Italy
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, 40138, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" CIG, University of Bologna, Piazza di Porta S. Donato 1, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Sylviane Dewaele
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 12, Bologna, 40126, Italy
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, 40138, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" CIG, University of Bologna, Piazza di Porta S. Donato 1, Bologna, 40126, Italy
- IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bologna, 40124, Italy
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112
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Hortemo KH, Aronsen JM, Lunde IG, Sjaastad I, Lunde PK, Sejersted OM. Exhausting treadmill running causes dephosphorylation of sMLC2 and reduced level of myofilament MLCK2 in slow twitch rat soleus muscle. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/2/e12285. [PMID: 25713325 PMCID: PMC4393194 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) is a small protein in the myosin complex, regulating muscle contractile function by modulating Ca2+ sensitivity of myofilaments. MLC2 can be modified by phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation, two reversible and dynamic posttranslational modifications. The slow isoform of MLC2 (sMLC2) is dephosphorylated in soleus muscle during in situ loaded shortening contractions, which correlates with reduction in shortening capacity. Here, we hypothesize that exhausting in vivo treadmill running induces dephosphorylation of MLC2 in slow twitch soleus, but not in fast twitch EDL muscle, and that there are reciprocal changes in MLC2 O-GlcNAcylation. At rest, both phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation of MLC2 were lower in slow than fast twitch muscles. One bout of exhausting treadmill running induced dephosphorylation of sMLC2 in soleus, paralleled by reduced levels of the kinase MLCK2 associated to myofilaments, suggesting that the acute reduction in phosphorylation is mediated by dissociation of MLCK2 from myofilaments. O-GlcNAcylation of MLC2 did not change significantly, and seems of limited importance in the regulation of MLC2 phosphorylation during in vivo running. After 6 weeks of treadmill running, the dephosphorylation of sMLC2 persisted in soleus along with reduction in MLCK2 both in myofilament- and total protein fraction. In EDL on the contrary, phosphorylation of MLC2 was not altered after one exercise bout or after 6 weeks of treadmill running. Thus, in contrast to fast twitch muscle, MLC2 dephosphorylation occurs in slow twitch muscle during in vivo exercise and may be linked to reduced myofilament-associated MLCK2 and reduced shortening capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Halvorsen Hortemo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida G Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Kristian Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole M Sejersted
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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113
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Carley AN, Taglieri DM, Bi J, Solaro RJ, Lewandowski ED. Metabolic efficiency promotes protection from pressure overload in hearts expressing slow skeletal troponin I. Circ Heart Fail 2014; 8:119-27. [PMID: 25424393 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The failing heart displays increased glycolytic flux that is not matched by a commensurate increase in glucose oxidation. This mismatch induces increased anaplerotic flux and inefficient glucose metabolism. We previously found adult transgenic mouse hearts expressing the fetal troponin I isoform, (ssTnI) to be protected from ischemia by increased glycolysis. In this study, we investigated the metabolic response of adult mouse hearts expressing ssTnI to chronic pressure overload. METHODS AND RESULTS At 2 to 3 months of age, ssTnI mice or their nontransgenic littermates underwent aortic constriction (TAC). TAC induced a 25% increase in nontransgenic heart size but only a 7% increase in ssTnI hearts (P<0.05). Nontransgenic TAC developed diastolic dysfunction (65% increase in E/A ratio), whereas the E/A ratio actually decreased in ssTnI TAC. Isolated perfused hearts from nontransgenic TAC mice showed reduced cardiac function and reduced creatine phosphate:ATP (16% reduction), but ssTnI TAC hearts maintained cardiac function and energy charge. Contrasting nontransgenic TAC, ssTnI TAC significantly increased glucose oxidation at the expense of palmitate oxidation, preventing the increase in anaplerosis observed in nontransgenic TAC hearts. Elevated glucose oxidation was mediated by a reduction in pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 expression, enabling pyruvate dehydrogenase to compete against anaplerotic enzymes for pyruvate carboxylation. CONCLUSIONS Expression of a single fetal myofilament protein into adulthood in the ssTnI-transgenic mouse heart induced downregulation of the gene expression response for pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase to pressure overload. The consequence of elevated pyruvate oxidation in ssTnI during TAC reduced anaplerotic flux, ameliorating inefficiencies in glucose oxidation, with energetic and functional protection against cardiac decompensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Carley
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine
| | - Domenico M Taglieri
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine
| | - Jian Bi
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine
| | - R John Solaro
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine
| | - E Douglas Lewandowski
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine.
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114
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Glembotski CC. Finding the missing link between the unfolded protein response and O-GlcNAcylation in the heart. Circ Res 2014; 115:546-8. [PMID: 25170091 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.304855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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115
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Marsh SA, Collins HE, Chatham JC. Protein O-GlcNAcylation and cardiovascular (patho)physiology. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:34449-56. [PMID: 25336635 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r114.585984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the role of protein O-GlcNAcylation in the regulation of the cardiovascular system has increased rapidly in recent years. Studies have linked increased O-GlcNAc levels to glucose toxicity and diabetic complications; conversely, acute activation of O-GlcNAcylation has been shown to be cardioprotective. However, it is also increasingly evident that O-GlcNAc turnover plays a central role in the delicate regulation of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, the goals of this minireview are to summarize our current understanding of how changes in O-GlcNAcylation influence cardiovascular pathophysiology and to highlight the evidence that O-GlcNAc cycling is critical for normal function of the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan A Marsh
- From the Section of Experimental and Systems Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99210-1495 and
| | - Helen E Collins
- the Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019
| | - John C Chatham
- the Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019
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116
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Wanichawan P, Hafver TL, Hodne K, Aronsen JM, Lunde IG, Dalhus B, Lunde M, Kvaløy H, Louch WE, Tønnessen T, Sjaastad I, Sejersted OM, Carlson CR. Molecular basis of calpain cleavage and inactivation of the sodium-calcium exchanger 1 in heart failure. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:33984-98. [PMID: 25336645 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.602581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac sodium (Na(+))-calcium (Ca(2+)) exchanger 1 (NCX1) is central to the maintenance of normal Ca(2+) homeostasis and contraction. Studies indicate that the Ca(2+)-activated protease calpain cleaves NCX1. We hypothesized that calpain is an important regulator of NCX1 in response to pressure overload and aimed to identify molecular mechanisms and functional consequences of calpain binding and cleavage of NCX1 in the heart. NCX1 full-length protein and a 75-kDa NCX1 fragment along with calpain were up-regulated in aortic stenosis patients and rats with heart failure. Patients with coronary artery disease and sham-operated rats were used as controls. Calpain co-localized, co-fractionated, and co-immunoprecipitated with NCX1 in rat cardiomyocytes and left ventricle lysate. Immunoprecipitations, pull-down experiments, and extensive use of peptide arrays indicated that calpain domain III anchored to the first Ca(2+) binding domain in NCX1, whereas the calpain catalytic region bound to the catenin-like domain in NCX1. The use of bioinformatics, mutational analyses, a substrate competitor peptide, and a specific NCX1-Met(369) antibody identified a novel calpain cleavage site at Met(369). Engineering NCX1-Met(369) into a tobacco etch virus protease cleavage site revealed that specific cleavage at Met(369) inhibited NCX1 activity (both forward and reverse mode). Finally, a short peptide fragment containing the NCX1-Met(369) cleavage site was modeled into the narrow active cleft of human calpain. Inhibition of NCX1 activity, such as we have observed here following calpain-induced NCX1 cleavage, might be beneficial in pathophysiological conditions where increased NCX1 activity contributes to cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pimthanya Wanichawan
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0407 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tandekile Lubelwana Hafver
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0407 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Hodne
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0407 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0407 Oslo, Norway, Bjorknes College, 0456 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida Gjervold Lunde
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0407 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway, the Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Bjørn Dalhus
- the Departments of Microbiology and Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway, and
| | - Marianne Lunde
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0407 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Kvaløy
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0407 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - William Edward Louch
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0407 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Theis Tønnessen
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0407 Oslo, Norway, the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0407 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Mathias Sejersted
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0407 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Rein Carlson
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0407 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway,
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117
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Ramirez-Correa GA, Martinez-Ferrando MI, Zhang P, Murphy AM. Targeted proteomics of myofilament phosphorylation and other protein posttranslational modifications. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014; 8:543-53. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Genaro A. Ramirez-Correa
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Cardiology; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore MD USA
| | | | - Pingbo Zhang
- The Hopkins Bayview Proteomics Center; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Anne M. Murphy
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Cardiology; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore MD USA
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118
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Vistnes M, Aronsen JM, Lunde IG, Sjaastad I, Carlson CR, Christensen G. Pentosan polysulfate decreases myocardial expression of the extracellular matrix enzyme ADAMTS4 and improves cardiac function in vivo in rats subjected to pressure overload by aortic banding. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89621. [PMID: 24595230 PMCID: PMC3940660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We hypothesized that cleavage of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans versican and aggrecan by ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motifs) proteases, which contributes to stress-induced ECM-reorganization in atherogenesis and osteoarthritis, also play a role in heart failure development. Objectives The primary objective was to identify alterations in expression of ADAMTS versicanases and aggrecanases during development of heart failure, while evaluation of the effects of in vivo modulation of relevant changes in ADAMTS activity constituted the secondary objective. Methods Myocardial levels of versican, aggrecan, and their ADAMTS cleaving proteases were examined in Wistar rats six weeks after aortic banding (AB), and versican and selected ADAMTS versicanases were further analyzed in neonatal cardiomyocytes (NCM) and cardiac fibroblasts (NFB) after stimulation by inflammatory mediators. Based on the initial findings, ADAMTS4 was selected the most promising therapeutic target. Thus, rats with AB were treated with pentosan polysulfate (PPS), a polysaccharide with known ADAMTS4-inhibitory properties, and effects on versican fragmentation, left ventricular function and geometry were evaluated. Results We discovered that myocardial mRNA and protein levels of ADAMTS1 and -4, and mRNA levels of versican, aggrecan, and ADAMTS8 increased after AB, and TNF-α and IL-1β synergistically increased mRNA of versican and ADAMTS4 in NCM and NFB and secretion of ADAMTS4 from NCM. Furthermore, PPS-treatment improved systolic function, demonstrated by an improved fractional shortening (vehicle 48±3% versus PPS 60±1%, p<0.01) after AB. Following PPS-treatment, we observed an ∼80% reduction in myocardial ADAMTS4 mRNA (p = 0.03), and ∼50% reduction in the extracellular amount of the p150 versican fragments (p = 0.05), suggesting reduced versicanase activity. Conclusions Our findings suggest that AB induces an increase in myocardial ADAMTS4 versicanase activity, and that PPS-treatment improved systolic function in the pressure-overloaded heart, holding promise as a novel therapeutic agent in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vistnes
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida G. Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine R. Carlson
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Vaidyanathan K, Durning S, Wells L. Functional O-GlcNAc modifications: implications in molecular regulation and pathophysiology. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 49:140-163. [PMID: 24524620 PMCID: PMC4912837 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2014.884535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a regulatory post-translational modification of intracellular proteins. The dynamic and inducible cycling of the modification is governed by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) in response to UDP-GlcNAc levels in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). Due to its reliance on glucose flux and substrate availability, a major focus in the field has been on how O-GlcNAc contributes to metabolic disease. For years this post-translational modification has been known to modify thousands of proteins implicated in various disorders, but direct functional connections have until recently remained elusive. New research is beginning to reveal the specific mechanisms through which O-GlcNAc influences cell dynamics and disease pathology including clear examples of O-GlcNAc modification at a specific site on a given protein altering its biological functions. The following review intends to focus primarily on studies in the last half decade linking O-GlcNAc modification of proteins with chromatin-directed gene regulation, developmental processes, and several metabolically related disorders including Alzheimer's, heart disease and cancer. These studies illustrate the emerging importance of this post-translational modification in biological processes and multiple pathophysiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sean Durning
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, USA
| | - Lance Wells
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, USA
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Semba RD, Huang H, Lutty GA, Van Eyk JE, Hart GW. The role of O-GlcNAc signaling in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014; 8:218-31. [PMID: 24550151 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201300076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Despite laser and surgical treatments, antiangiogenic and other therapies, and strict metabolic control, many patients progress to visual impairment and blindness. New insights are needed into the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy in order to develop new methods to improve the detection and treatment of disease and the prevention of blindness. Hyperglycemia and diabetes result in increased flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, which, in turn, results in increased PTM of Ser/Thr residues of proteins by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). O-GlcNAcylation is involved in regulation of many nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins in a manner similar to protein phosphorylation. Altered O-GlcNAc signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. The goal of this review is to summarize the biology of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway and O-GlcNAc signaling, to present the current evidence for the role of O-GlcNAc signaling in diabetes and diabetic retinopathy, and to discuss future directions for research on O-GlcNAc in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Semba
- Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Heath JM, Sun Y, Yuan K, Bradley WE, Litovsky S, Dell'Italia LJ, Chatham JC, Wu H, Chen Y. Activation of AKT by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine induces vascular calcification in diabetes mellitus. Circ Res 2014; 114:1094-102. [PMID: 24526702 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.302968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Vascular calcification is a serious cardiovascular complication that contributes to the increased morbidity and mortality of patients with diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia, a hallmark of diabetes mellitus, is associated with increased vascular calcification and increased modification of proteins by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation). OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the role of protein O-GlcNAcylation in regulating vascular calcification and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice exhibited increased aortic O-GlcNAcylation and vascular calcification, which was also associated with impaired aortic compliance in mice. Elevation of O-GlcNAcylation by administration of Thiamet-G, a potent inhibitor for O-GlcNAcase that removes O-GlcNAcylation, further accelerated vascular calcification and worsened aortic compliance of diabetic mice in vivo. Increased O-GlcNAcylation, either by Thiamet-G or O-GlcNAcase knockdown, promoted calcification of primary mouse vascular smooth muscle cells. Increased O-GlcNAcylation in diabetic arteries or in the O-GlcNAcase knockdown vascular smooth muscle cell upregulated expression of the osteogenic transcription factor Runx2 and enhanced activation of AKT. O-GlcNAcylation of AKT at two new sites, T430 and T479, promoted AKT phosphorylation, which in turn enhanced vascular smooth muscle cell calcification. Site-directed mutation of AKT at T430 and T479 decreased O-GlcNAcylation, inhibited phosphorylation of AKT at S473 and binding of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 to AKT, and subsequently blocked Runx2 transactivity and vascular smooth muscle cell calcification. CONCLUSIONS O-GlcNAcylation of AKT at 2 new sites enhanced AKT phosphorylation and activation, thus promoting vascular calcification. Our studies have identified a novel causative effect of O-GlcNAcylation in regulating vascular calcification in diabetes mellitus and uncovered a key molecular mechanism underlying O-GlcNAcylation-mediated activation of AKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack M Heath
- From the Departments of Pathology (J.M.H., Y.S., K.Y., S.L., J.C.C., Y.C.), Medicine (W.E.B., L.J.D'I.), and Pediatric Dentistry (H.W.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Veterans Affairs, Department of Research Service, Birmingham, AL (L.J.D'I., Y.C.)
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Cieniewski-Bernard C, Dupont E, Richard E, Bastide B. Phospho-GlcNAc modulation of slow MLC2 during soleus atrophy through a multienzymatic and sarcomeric complex. Pflugers Arch 2014; 466:2139-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1453-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Abstract
The heart has a high rate of ATP production and turnover that is required to maintain its continuous mechanical work. Perturbations in ATP-generating processes may therefore affect contractile function directly. Characterizing cardiac metabolism in heart failure (HF) revealed several metabolic alterations called metabolic remodeling, ranging from changes in substrate use to mitochondrial dysfunction, ultimately resulting in ATP deficiency and impaired contractility. However, ATP depletion is not the only relevant consequence of metabolic remodeling during HF. By providing cellular building blocks and signaling molecules, metabolic pathways control essential processes such as cell growth and regeneration. Thus, alterations in cardiac metabolism may also affect the progression to HF by mechanisms beyond ATP supply. Our aim is therefore to highlight that metabolic remodeling in HF not only results in impaired cardiac energetics but also induces other processes implicated in the development of HF such as structural remodeling and oxidative stress. Accordingly, modulating cardiac metabolism in HF may have significant therapeutic relevance that goes beyond the energetic aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Doenst
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany.
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Pereira RO, Wende AR, Olsen C, Soto J, Rawlings T, Zhu Y, Anderson SM, Abel ED. Inducible overexpression of GLUT1 prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and attenuates structural remodeling in pressure overload but does not prevent left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Heart Assoc 2013; 2:e000301. [PMID: 24052497 PMCID: PMC3835233 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.113.000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) expression and glucose utilization that accompany pressure overload-induced hypertrophy (POH) are believed to be cardioprotective. Moreover, it has been shown that lifelong transgenic overexpression of GLUT1 in the heart prevents cardiac dysfunction after aortic constriction. The relevance of this model to clinical practice is unclear because of the life-long duration of increased glucose metabolism. Therefore, we sought to determine if a short-term increase in GLUT1-mediated myocardial glucose uptake would still confer cardioprotection if overexpression occurred at the onset of POH. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice with cardiomyocyte-specific inducible overexpression of a hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged GLUT1 transgene (G1HA) and their controls (Cont) were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) 2 days after transgene induction with doxycycline (DOX). Analysis was performed 4 weeks after TAC. Mitochondrial function, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, and mRNA expression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes were reduced in Cont mice, but were maintained in concert with increased glucose utilization in G1HA following TAC. Despite attenuated adverse remodeling in G1HA relative to control TAC mice, cardiac hypertrophy was exacerbated in these mice, and positive dP/dt (in vivo) and cardiac power (ex vivo) were equivalently decreased in Cont and G1HA TAC mice compared to shams, consistent with left ventricular dysfunction. O-GlcNAcylation of Ca2+ cycling proteins was increased in G1HA TAC hearts. CONCLUSIONS Short-term cardiac specific induction of GLUT1 at the onset of POH preserves mitochondrial function and attenuates pathological remodeling, but exacerbates the hypertrophic phenotype and is insufficient to prevent POH-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction, possibly due to impaired calcium cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata O Pereira
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
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Collins HE, Zhu-Mauldin X, Marchase RB, Chatham JC. STIM1/Orai1-mediated SOCE: current perspectives and potential roles in cardiac function and pathology. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013; 305:H446-58. [PMID: 23792674 PMCID: PMC3891250 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00104.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca²⁺ entry (SOCE) is critical for Ca²⁺ signaling in nonexcitable cells; however, its role in the regulation of cardiomyocyte Ca²⁺ homeostasis has only recently been investigated. The increased understanding of the role of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) in regulating SOCE combined with recent studies demonstrating the presence of STIM1 in cardiomyocytes provides support that this pathway co-exists in the heart with the more widely recognized Ca²⁺ handling pathways associated with excitation-contraction coupling. There is now substantial evidence that STIM1-mediated SOCE plays a key role in mediating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, both in vitro and in vivo, and there is growing support for the contribution of SOCE to Ca²⁺ overload associated with ischemia/reperfusion injury. Here, we provide an overview of our current understanding of the molecular regulation of SOCE and discuss the evidence supporting the role of STIM1/Orai1-mediated SOCE in regulating cardiomyocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Collins
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Cox EJ, Marsh SA. Exercise and diabetes have opposite effects on the assembly and O-GlcNAc modification of the mSin3A/HDAC1/2 complex in the heart. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2013; 12:101. [PMID: 23835259 PMCID: PMC3708830 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise causes physiological cardiac hypertrophy and benefits the diabetic heart. Mammalian switch-independent 3A (mSin3A) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) 1 and 2 regulate hypertrophic genes through associations with the DNA binding proteins repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT). O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a glucose derivative that is chronically elevated in diabetic hearts, and a previous study showed that exercise reduces cardiac O-GlcNAc. We hypothesized that O-GlcNAc and OGT would physically associate with mSin3A/HDAC1/2 in the heart, and that this interaction would be altered by diabetes and exercise. Methods 8-week-old type 2 diabetic db/db (db) and non-diabetic C57 mice were randomized to treadmill exercise or sedentary groups for 1 or 4 weeks. Results O-GlcNAc was significantly higher in db hearts and increased with exercise. Db hearts showed lower levels of mSin3A, HDAC1, and HDAC2 protein, but higher levels of HDAC2 mRNA and HDAC1/2 deacetylase activity. Elevated HDAC activity was associated with significantly blunted expression of α-actin and brain natriuretic peptide in db hearts. In sedentary db hearts, co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that mSin3A and OGT were less associated with HDAC1 and HDAC2, respectively, compared to sedentary C57 controls; however, exercise removed these differences. Conclusions These data indicate that diabetes and exercise oppositely affect interactions between pro-hypertrophic transcription factors, and suggest that an increase in total cardiac O-GlcNAc is a mechanism by which exercise benefits type 2 diabetic hearts.
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Ding F, Yu L, Wang M, Xu S, Xia Q, Fu G. O-GlcNAcylation involvement in high glucose-induced cardiac hypertrophy via ERK1/2 and cyclin D2. Amino Acids 2013; 45:339-49. [PMID: 23665912 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Continuous hyperglycemia is considered to be the most significant pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy, which manifests as cardiac hypertrophy and subsequent heart failure. O-GlcNAcylation has attracted attention as a post-translational protein modification in the past decade. The role of O-GlcNAcylation in high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy remains unclear. We studied the effect of O-GlcNAcylation on neonatal rat cardiomyocytes that were exposed to high glucose and myocardium in diabetic rats induced by streptozocin. High glucose (30 mM) incubation induced a greater than twofold increase in cell size and increased hypertrophy marker gene expression accompanied by elevated O-GlcNAcylation protein levels. High glucose increased ERK1/2 but not p38 MAPK or JNK activity, and cyclin D2 expression was also increased. PUGNAc, an inhibitor of β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, enhanced O-GlcNAcylation and imitated the effects of high glucose. OGT siRNA and ERK1/2 inhibition with PD98059 treatment blunted the hypertrophic response and cyclin D2 upregulation. OGT inhibition also prevented ERK1/2 activation. We also observed concentric hypertrophy and similar changes of O-GlcNAcylation level, ERK1/2 activation and cyclin D2 expression in myocardium of diabetic rats induced by streptozocin. In conclusion, O-GlcNAcylation plays a role in high glucose-induced cardiac hypertrophy via ERK1/2 and cyclin D2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China
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128
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Cardiol 2013; 28:369-79. [DOI: 10.1097/hco.0b013e328360f5be] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Despite our cognizance that diabetes can enhance the chances of heart failure, causes multiorgan failure,and contributes to morbidity and mortality, it is rapidly increasing menace worldwide. Less attention has been paid to alert prediabetics through determining the comprehensive predictors of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and ameliorating DCM using novel approaches. DCM is recognized as asymptomatic progressing structural and functional remodeling in the heart of diabetics, in the absence of coronary atherosclerosis and hypertension. The three major stages of DCM are: (1) early stage, where cellular and metabolic changes occur without obvious systolic dysfunction; (2) middle stage, which is characterized by increased apoptosis, a slight increase in left ventricular size, and diastolic dysfunction and where ejection fraction (EF) is <50%; and (3) late stage, which is characterized by alteration in microvasculature compliance, an increase in left ventricular size, and a decrease in cardiac performance leading to heart failure. Recent investigations have revealed that DCM is multifactorial in nature and cellular, molecular, and metabolic perturbations predisposed and contributed to DCM. Differential expression of microRNA (miRNA), signaling molecules involved in glucose metabolism, hyperlipidemia, advanced glycogen end products, cardiac extracellular matrix remodeling, and alteration in survival and differentiation of resident cardiac stem cells are manifested in DCM. A sedentary lifestyle and high fat diet causes obesity and this leads to type 2 diabetes and DCM. However, exercise training improves insulin sensitivity, contractility of cardiomyocytes, and cardiac performance in type 2 diabetes. These findings provide new clues to diagnose and mitigate DCM. This review embodies developments in the field of DCM with the aim of elucidating the future perspectives of predictors and prevention of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paras K Mishra
- Correspondence: Paras Kumar Mishra, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, 500 S Preston Street, HSC-A Room 1216, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA, Tel +1 502 852 3627, Fax +1 502 852 6239, Email
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Leung MC, Hitchen PG, Ward DG, Messer AE, Marston SB. Z-band alternatively spliced PDZ motif protein (ZASP) is the major O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine-substituted protein in human heart myofibrils. J Biol Chem 2012; 288:4891-8. [PMID: 23271734 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.410316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of contractile proteins in human heart using SDS-PAGE and three detection methods: specific enzymatic conjugation of O-GlcNAc with UDP-N-azidoacetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAz) that is then linked to a tetramethylrhodamine fluorescent tag and CTD110.6 and RL2 monoclonal antibodies to O-GlcNAc. All three methods showed that O-GlcNAc modification was predominantly in a group of bands ~90 kDa that did not correspond to any of the major myofibrillar proteins. MALDI-MS/MS identified the 90-kDa band as the protein ZASP (Z-band alternatively spliced PDZ motif protein), a minor component of the Z-disc (about 1 per 400 α-actinin) important for myofibrillar development and mechanotransduction. This was confirmed by the co-localization of O-GlcNAc and ZASP in Western blotting and by immunofluorescence microscopy. O-GlcNAcylation of ZASP increased in diseased heart, being 49 ± 5% of all O-GlcNAc in donor, 68 ± 9% in end-stage failing heart, and 76 ± 6% in myectomy muscle samples (donor versus myectomy p < 0.05). ZASP is only 22% of all O-GlcNAcylated proteins in mouse heart myofibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Ching Leung
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
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131
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Andrés-Bergós J, Tardio L, Larranaga-Vera A, Gómez R, Herrero-Beaumont G, Largo R. The increase in O-linked N-acetylglucosamine protein modification stimulates chondrogenic differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:33615-28. [PMID: 22859309 PMCID: PMC3460460 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.354241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin is an inducer of chondrocyte hypertrophy and growth plate chondrogenesis, although the specific molecular mechanisms behind these effects are mostly unknown. Our aim was to investigate whether insulin-induced chondrocyte hypertrophy occurs through a modification in the amount of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc)-modified proteins and in the expression of the key enzymes of this pathway, O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). We also studied if O-GlcNAc accumulation per se, induced by an OGA inhibitor, was able to induce pre-hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Insulin-induced differentiation of ATDC5 pre-chondrocytes occurred alongside a gradual increase in the accumulation of O-GlcNac-modified proteins (O-GlcNAcylated proteins), as well as an increase in the expression of O-GlcNAc transferase and OGA. In the absence of insulin, O-GlcNAc accumulation induced by thiamet-G, a specific OGA inhibitor, was able to increase the gene expression of differentiation markers, as well as the activity of MMP-2 and -9. Thiamet-G also activated pERK, p-JNK, and p-p38 and the O-GlcNAcylation of Akt. Thiamet-G administration to C57/bl mice induced a significant expansion in the growth plate height and in the hypertrophic zone height. Therefore, our results show that O-GlcNAc glycosylation has chondromodulating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Andrés-Bergós
- From the Joint and Bone Research Unit, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Lidia Tardio
- From the Joint and Bone Research Unit, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Ane Larranaga-Vera
- From the Joint and Bone Research Unit, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Gómez
- From the Joint and Bone Research Unit, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont
- From the Joint and Bone Research Unit, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Raquel Largo
- From the Joint and Bone Research Unit, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
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132
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Post-translational protein modification by O-linked N-acetyl-glucosamine: its role in mediating the adverse effects of diabetes on the heart. Life Sci 2012; 92:621-7. [PMID: 22985933 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The post-translation attachment of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine, or O-GlcNAc, to serine and threonine residues of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins is increasingly recognized as a key regulator of diverse cellular processes. O-GlcNAc synthesis is essential for cell survival and it has been shown that acute activation of pathways, which increase cellular O-GlcNAc levels is cytoprotective; however, prolonged increases in O-GlcNAcylation have been implicated in a number of chronic diseases. Glucose metabolism via the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway plays a central role in regulating O-GlcNAc synthesis; consequently, sustained increases in O-GlcNAc levels have been implicated in glucose toxicity and insulin resistance. Studies on the role of O-GlcNAc in regulating cardiomyocyte function have grown rapidly over the past decade and there is growing evidence that increased O-GlcNAc levels contribute to the adverse effects of diabetes on the heart, including impaired contractility, calcium handling, and abnormal stress responses. Recent evidence also suggests that O-GlcNAc plays a role in epigenetic control of gene transcription. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of our current knowledge about the regulation of protein O-GlcNAcylation and to explore in more detail O-GlcNAc-mediated responses in the diabetic heart.
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Olson AK, Ledee D, Iwamoto K, Kajimoto M, O'Kelly Priddy C, Isern N, Portman MA. C-Myc induced compensated cardiac hypertrophy increases free fatty acid utilization for the citric acid cycle. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2012; 55:156-64. [PMID: 22828478 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The protooncogene C-Myc (Myc) regulates cardiac hypertrophy. Myc promotes compensated cardiac function, suggesting that the operative mechanisms differ from those leading to heart failure. Myc regulation of substrate metabolism is a reasonable target, as Myc alters metabolism in other tissues. We hypothesize that Myc induced shifts in substrate utilization signal and promote compensated hypertrophy. We used cardiac specific Myc-inducible C57/BL6 male mice between 4-6 months old that develop hypertrophy with tamoxifen (tam) injections. Isolated working hearts and (13)Carbon ((13)C)-NMR were used to measure function and fractional contributions (Fc) to the citric acid cycle by using perfusate containing (13)C-labeled free fatty acids, acetoacetate, lactate, unlabeled glucose and insulin. Studies were performed at pre-hypertrophy (3-days tam, 3dMyc), established hypertrophy (7-days tam, 7dMyc) or vehicle control (Cont). Non-transgenic siblings (NTG) received 7-days tam or vehicle to assess drug effect. Hypertrophy was assessed by echocardiograms and heart weights. Western blots were performed on key metabolic enzymes. Hypertrophy occurred in 7dMyc only. Cardiac function did not differ between groups. Tam alone did not affect substrate contributions in NTG. Substrate utilization was not significantly altered in 3dMyc versus Cont. The free fatty acid FC was significantly greater in 7dMyc versus Cont with decreased unlabeled Fc, which is predominately exogenous glucose. Free fatty acid flux to the citric acid cycle increased while lactate flux was diminished in 7dMyc compared to Cont. Total protein levels of a panel of key metabolic enzymes were unchanged; however total protein O-GlcNAcylation was increased in 7dMyc. Substrate utilization changes for the citric acid cycle did not precede hypertrophy; therefore they are not the primary signal for cardiac growth in this model. Free fatty acid utilization and oxidation increase at established hypertrophy. Understanding the mechanisms whereby this change maintained compensated function could provide useful information for developing metabolic therapies to treat heart failure. The molecular signaling for this metabolic change may occur through O-GlcNAcylation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Focus on Cardiac Metabolism".
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron K Olson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
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Marsh SA, Powell PC, Dell'italia LJ, Chatham JC. Cardiac O-GlcNAcylation blunts autophagic signaling in the diabetic heart. Life Sci 2012; 92:648-56. [PMID: 22728715 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Increased O-linked attachment of β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to proteins has been implicated in the adverse effects of diabetes on the heart, although this has typically been based on models of severe hyperglycemia. Diabetes has also been associated with dysregulation of autophagy, a critical cell survival process; however, little is known regarding autophagy in the diabetic heart or whether this is influenced by O-GlcNAcylation or hemodynamic stress. MAIN METHODS Young male rats were assigned to control (12% kcal fat/19% protein/69% carbohydrate), high fat diet (60/19/21%) and type 2 diabetic (high fat diet+low dose streptozotocin) groups for 8 weeks, followed by sham or pressure overload surgeries; animals were sacrificed 8 weeks after surgery. KEY FINDINGS A modest increase in arterial pressure resulted in no significant effects on cardiac function in control or high fat groups, while diabetic hearts exhibited contractile dysfunction and increased apoptosis and scar formation. Immunoprecipitation studies revealed, for the first time, that Beclin-1, which plays a critical early role in autophagy, and the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, are targets for O-GlcNAcylation. Interestingly, we also found that cardiomyocytes isolated from type 2 diabetic db/db mice exhibited a blunted autophagic response and this was at least partially reversed by inhibiting glucose entry into the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, which regulates O-GlcNAc synthesis. We also found that acutely augmenting O-GlcNAc levels in non-diabetic cardiomyocytes mimicked the effects of diabetes by blunting autophagic signaling. SIGNIFICANCE These data suggest that O-GlcNAc-mediated inhibition of autophagy may contribute to the abnormal response of diabetic hearts to hemodynamic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan A Marsh
- Program in Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
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