101
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Md Fadilah NI, Mohd Abdul Kader Jailani MS, Badrul Hisham MAI, Sunthar Raj N, Shamsuddin SA, Ng MH, Fauzi MB, Maarof M. Cell secretomes for wound healing and tissue regeneration: Next generation acellular based tissue engineered products. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221114273. [PMID: 35923177 PMCID: PMC9340325 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221114273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound represents a significant socioeconomic burden for both affected individuals and as a whole healthcare system. Accordingly, stem cells have garnered attention due to their differentiation capacity and ability to aid tissue regeneration by releasing biologically active molecules, found in the cells' cultivated medium which known as conditioned medium (CM) or secretomes. This acellular approach provides a huge advantage over conventional treatment options, which are mainly used cellular treatment at wound closure. Interestingly, the secretomes contained the cell-secreted proteins such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix (ECM), and small molecules including metabolites, microvesicles, and exosomes. This review aims to provide a general view on secretomes and how it is proven to have great potential in accelerating wound healing. Utilizing the use of secretomes with its secreted proteins and suitable biomaterials for fabrications of acellular skin substitutes can be promising in treating skin loss and accelerate the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Izzah Md Fadilah
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | | | - Muhd Aliff Iqmal Badrul Hisham
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Nithiaraj Sunthar Raj
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Sharen Aini Shamsuddin
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Manira Maarof
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
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102
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Gugliandolo A, Mazzon E. Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: An Intriguing Approach for Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010456. [PMID: 35008878 PMCID: PMC8745761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known for their beneficial effects and regenerative potential. In particular, dental-derived MSCs have the advantage of easier accessibility and a non-invasive isolation method. Moreover, thanks to their neural crest origin, dental MSCs seem to have a more prominent neuroregenerative potential. Indeed, in basal conditions they also express neuronal markers. However, it is now well known that the beneficial actions of MSCs depend, at least in part, on their secretome, referring to all the bioactive molecules released in the conditioned medium (CM) or in extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this review we focus on the applications of the secretome derived from dental MSCs for neuroregeneration and neuroprotection. The secretomes of different dental MSCs have been tested for their effects for neuroregenerative purposes, and the secretomes of dental pulp stem cells and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth are the most studied. Both the CM and EVs obtained from dental MSCs showed that they are able to promote neurite outgrowth and neuroprotective effects. Interestingly, dental-derived MSC secretome showed stronger neuroregenerative and neuroprotective effects compared to that obtained from other MSC sources. For these reasons, the secretome obtained from dental MSCs may represent a promising approach for neuroprotective treatments.
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103
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Wu B, Gao F, Lin J, Lu L, Xu H, Xu GT. Conditioned Medium of Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells Alleviates Experimental Allergic Conjunctivitis Mainly by IL-1ra and IL-10. Front Immunol 2021; 12:774601. [PMID: 34880869 PMCID: PMC8645696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.774601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is the most prevalent form of mucosal allergy, and the conditioned medium (CM) from mesenchymal stem cells has been reported to attenuate some allergic diseases. However, the therapeutic effects of CM from different tissue stem cells (TSC-CM) on allergic diseases have not been tested. Here, we studied the effects of topical administration of different human TSC-CM on experimental AC (EAC) mice. Only human amniotic epithelial cell-CM (AECM) significantly attenuated allergic eye symptoms and reduced the infiltration of immune cells and the levels of local inflammatory factors in the conjunctiva compared to EAC mice. In addition, AECM treatment decreased immunoglobulin E (IgE) release, histamine production, and the hyperpermeability of conjunctival vessels. Protein chip assays revealed that the levels of anti-inflammatory factors, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and IL-10, were higher in AECM compared to other TSC-CM. Furthermore, the anti-allergic effects of AECM on EAC mice were abrogated when neutralized with IL-1ra or IL-10 antibody, and the similar phenomenon was for the activation and function of B cells and mast cells. Together, the present study demonstrated that AECM alleviates EAC symptoms by multiple anti-allergic mechanisms mainly via IL-1ra and IL-10. Such topical AECM therapy may represent a novel and feasible strategy for treating AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binxin Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Furong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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104
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Budiariati V, Rinendyaputri R, Noviantari A, Haq NMD, Budiono D, Pristihadi DN, Juliandi B, Fahrudin M, Boediono A. Conditioned medium of E17 rat brain cells induced differentiation of primary colony of mice blastocyst into neuron-like cells. J Vet Sci 2021; 22:e86. [PMID: 34854268 PMCID: PMC8636651 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Conditioned medium is the medium obtained from certain cultured cells and contained secretome from the cells. The secretome, which can be in the form of growth factors, cytokines, exosomes, or other proteins secreted by the cells, can induce the differentiation of cells that still have pluripotent or multipotent properties. Objectives This study examined the effects of conditioned medium derived from E17 rat brain cells on cells with pluripotent properties. Methods The conditioned medium used in this study originated from E17 rat brain cells. The CM was used to induce the differentiation of primary colonies of mice blastocysts. Primary colonies were stained with alkaline phosphatase to analyze the pluripotency. The morphological changes in the colonies were examined, and the colonies were stained with GFAP and Neu-N markers on days two and seven after adding the conditioned medium. Results The conditioned medium could differentiate the primary colony, beginning with the formation of embryoid-body-like structure; round GFAP positive cells were identified. Finally, neuron-like cells testing positive for Neu-N were observed on the seventh day after adding the conditioned medium. Conclusions Conditioned medium from different species, in this case, E17 rat brain cells, induced and promoted the differentiation of the primary colony from mice blastocysts into neuron-like cells. The addition of CM mediated neurite growth in the differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vista Budiariati
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Ratih Rinendyaputri
- Center for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta 10560, Indonesia
| | - Ariyani Noviantari
- Center for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta 10560, Indonesia
| | - Noer Muhammad Dliyaul Haq
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Budiono
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Diah Nugrahani Pristihadi
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Berry Juliandi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Mokhamad Fahrudin
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Arief Boediono
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
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105
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Zhao Y, Wang M, Liang F, Li J. Recent strategies for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells in wound healing. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:588. [PMID: 34823579 PMCID: PMC8614023 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02657-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin wound healing is a multi-stage process that depends on the coordination of multiple cells and mediators. Chronic or non-healing wounds resulting from the dysregulation of this process represent a challenge for the healthcare system. For skin wound management, there are various approaches to tissue recovery. For decades, stem cell therapy has made outstanding achievements in wound regeneration. Three major types of stem cells, including embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells, have been explored intensely. Mostly, mesenchymal stem cells are thought to be an extensive cell type for tissue repair. However, the limited cell efficacy and the underutilized therapeutic potential remain to be addressed. Exploring novel and advanced treatments to enhance stem cell efficacy is an urgent need. Diverse strategies are applied to maintain cell survival and increase cell functionality. In this study, we outline current approaches aiming to improve the beneficial outcomes of cell therapy to better grasp clinical cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China.
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106
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Lu CH, Chen YA, Ke CC, Liu RS. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle: A Promising Alternative Therapy for Osteoporosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12750. [PMID: 34884554 PMCID: PMC8657894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the chronic metabolic bone disease caused by the disturbance of bone remodeling due to the imbalance of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. A large population suffers from osteoporosis, and most of them are postmenopausal women or older people. To date, bisphosphonates are the main therapeutic agents in the treatment of osteoporosis. However, limited therapeutic effects with diverse side effects caused by bisphosphonates hindered the therapeutic applications and decreased the quality of life. Therefore, an alternative therapy for osteoporosis is still needed. Stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells, have been shown as a promising medication for numerous human diseases including many refractory diseases. Recently, researchers found that the extracellular vesicles derived from these stem cells possessed the similar therapeutic potential to that of parental cells. To date, a number of studies demonstrated the therapeutic applications of exogenous MSC-EVs for the treatment of osteoporosis. In this article, we reviewed the basic back ground of EVs, the cargo and therapeutic potential of MSC-EVs, and strategies of engineering of MSC-EVs for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsiu Lu
- Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Chen
- Molecular and Genetic Imaging Core/Taiwan Mouse Clinic, National Comprehensive Mouse Phenotyping and Drug Testing Center, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Ke
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Shyan Liu
- Molecular and Genetic Imaging Core/Taiwan Mouse Clinic, National Comprehensive Mouse Phenotyping and Drug Testing Center, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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107
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Borhani-Haghighi M, Mohamadi Y. The protective effects of neural stem cells and neural stem cells-conditioned medium against inflammation-induced prenatal brain injury. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 360:577707. [PMID: 34507013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine inflammation affects fetal development of the nervous system and may cause prenatal brain injury in offspring. Previously, neural stem cells have been extensively used as a therapeutic choice for nervous system diseases. Recently, the therapeutic ability of conditioned medium, harvested from cultured stem cells, has captured the attention of researchers in the field. Our study aimed to compare the therapeutic effect of neural stem cells (NSCs) or NSC-conditioned medium (NSC-CM) after prenatal brain injury. The animal model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide into the pregnant mice and NSCs or NSC-CM were transplanted into the lateral ventricle of embryos in treatment groups. Inflammation and apoptosis were evaluated postpartum in offspring via measuring the expression of NLRP3 gene and protein, the expression and the activity of caspase-3, and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, ELISA, and colorimetric assay kit. A rotarod test was performed for motor function evaluation. Data showed that although NSC-CM fought against the inflammation and apoptosis and improved the motor function, NSCs acted more efficiently. In conclusion, the results of our study contend that NSCs have a better therapeutic effect than CM in prenatal brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Borhani-Haghighi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Mohamadi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
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108
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Protective effects of low-molecular-weight components of adipose stem cell-derived conditioned medium on dry eye syndrome in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21874. [PMID: 34750552 PMCID: PMC8575953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01503-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study demonstrated the protective effects of low-molecular-weight adipose-derived stem cell-conditioned medium (LADSC-CM) in a mouse model of dry eye syndrome. Mice subjected to desiccating stress and benzalkonium chloride had decreased tear secretion, impaired corneal epithelial tight junction with microvilli, and decreased conjunctival goblet cells. Topical application of adipose-derived stem cell-conditioned medium (ADSC-CM) stimulated lacrimal tear secretion, preserved tight junction and microvilli of the corneal epithelium, and increased the density of goblet cells and MUC16 expression in the conjunctiva. The low-molecular-weight fractions (< 10 kDa and < 3 kDa) of ADSC-CM (LADSC-CM) provided better protections than the > 10 kDa or > 3 kDa fractions of ADSC-CM. In the in vitro study, desiccation for 10 min or hyperosmolarity (490 osmols) for 24 h caused decreased viability of human corneal epithelial cells, which were reversed by LADSC-CM. The active ingredients in the LADSC-CM were lipophobic and stable after heating and lyophilization. Our study demonstrated that LADSC-CM had beneficial effects on experimental dry eye. It is worthy of further exploration for the active ingredient(s) and the mechanism.
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109
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Amiri F, Kiani AA, Bahadori M, Roudkenar MH. Co-culture of mesenchymal stem cell spheres with hematopoietic stem cells under hypoxia: a cost-effective method to maintain self-renewal and homing marker expression. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:931-941. [PMID: 34741711 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06912-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation is considered a possible treatment option capable of curing various diseases. The aim of this study was the co-culturing of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) spheres with HSCs under hypoxic condition to enhance the proliferation, self-renewal, stemness, and homing capacities of HSCs. METHODS AND RESULTS HSCs were expanded after being subjected to different conditions including cytokines without feeder (Cyto), co-culturing with adherent MSCs (MSC), co-culturing with adherent MSCs + hypoxia (MSC + Hyp), co-culturing with MSCs spheres (Sph-MSC), co-culturing with MSCs spheres + hypoxia (Sph-MSC + Hyp), co-culturing with MSC spheres + cytokines (Sph-MSC + Cyto). After 10 days, total nucleated cell (TNC) and CD34+/CD38- cell counts, colony-forming unit assay (CFU), long-term culture initiating cell (LTC-IC), the expression of endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), nucleostemin (NS), nuclear factor I/X (Nfix) CXCR4, and VLA-4 were evaluated. The TNC, CD34+/CD38- cell count, CFU, and LTC-IC were higher in the Sph-MSC + Hyp and Sph-MSC + Cyto groups as compared with those of the MSC + Hyp group (P < 0.001). The expanded HSCs co-cultured with MSC spheres in combination with hypoxia expressed more EPCR, CXCR4, VLA-4, NS, and Nfix mRNA. The protein expression was also more up-regulated in the Sph-MSC + Cyto and Sph-MSC + Hyp groups. CONCLUSION Co-culturing HSCs with MSC spheres under hypoxic condition not only leads to higher cellular yield but also increases the expression of self-renewal and homing genes. Therefore, we suggest this approach as a simple and non-expensive strategy that might improve the transplantation efficiency of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Para Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Kiani
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Lorestan, Iran
| | - Marzie Bahadori
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. .,Burn and Regenerative Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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110
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Lin H, Chen H, Zhao X, Chen Z, Zhang P, Tian Y, Wang Y, Ding T, Wang L, Shen Y. Advances in mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium-mediated periodontal tissue regeneration. J Transl Med 2021; 19:456. [PMID: 34736500 PMCID: PMC8567704 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of both soft and hard periodontal tissues. Complete periodontal regeneration in clinics using the currently available treatment approaches is still a challenge. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising potential to regenerate periodontal tissue in various preclinical and clinical studies. The poor survival rate of MSCs during in vivo transplantation and host immunogenic reaction towards MSCs are the main drawbacks of direct use of MSCs in periodontal tissue regeneration. Autologous MSCs have limited sources and possess patient morbidity during harvesting. Direct use of allogenic MSCs could induce host immune reaction. Therefore, the MSC-based indirect treatment approach could be beneficial for periodontal regeneration in clinics. MSC culture conditioned medium (CM) contains secretomes that had shown immunomodulatory and tissue regenerative potential in pre-clinical and clinical studies. MSC-CM contains a cocktail of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, enzymes, and exosomes, extracellular vesicles, etc. MSC-CM-based indirect treatment has the potential to eliminate the drawbacks of direct use of MSCs for periodontal tissue regeneration. MSC-CM holds the tremendous potential of bench-to-bed translation in periodontal regeneration applications. This review focuses on the accumulating evidence indicating the therapeutic potential of the MSC-CM in periodontal regeneration-related pre-clinical and clinical studies. Recent advances on MSC-CM-based periodontal regeneration, existing challenges, and prospects are well summarized as guidance to improve the effectiveness of MSC-CM on periodontal regeneration in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbing Lin
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Huishan Chen
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuetao Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Tian
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawei Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Ding
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Shen
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China.
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111
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Ai C, Lee YHD, Tan XH, Tan SHS, Hui JHP, Goh JCH. Osteochondral tissue engineering: Perspectives for clinical application and preclinical development. J Orthop Translat 2021; 30:93-102. [PMID: 34722152 PMCID: PMC8517716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of osteochondral defects (OCD) remains challenging. Among currently available surgical treatments for OCDs, scaffold-based treatments are promising to regenerate the osteochondral unit. However, there is still no consensus regarding the clinical effectiveness of these scaffold-based therapies for OCDs. Previous reviews have described the gradient physiological characteristics of osteochondral tissue and gradient scaffold design for OCD, tissue engineering strategies, biomaterials, and fabrication technologies. However, the discussion on bridging the gap between the clinical need and preclinical research is still limited, on which we focus in the present review, providing an insight into what is currently lacking in tissue engineering methods that failed to yield satisfactory outcomes, and what is needed to further improve these techniques. Currently available surgical treatments for OCDs are firstly summarized, followed by a comprehensive review on experimental animal studies in recent 5 years on osteochondral tissue engineering. The review will then conclude with what is currently lacking in these animal studies and the recommendations that would help enlighten the community in developing more clinically relevant implants. The translational potential of this article This review is attempting to summarize the lessons from clinical and preclinical failures, providing an insight into what is currently lacking in TE methods that failed to yield satisfactory outcomes, and what is needed to further improve these implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengchong Ai
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee Han Dave Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Xuan Hao Tan
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Si Heng Sharon Tan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - James Hoi Po Hui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore.,NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - James Cho-Hong Goh
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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112
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Yang HJ, Na H, Lee WJ, Chang SE, Lee MW, Won CH. Granulomatous Reaction to Dermal Injection of Growth Factors from Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Case Report. Int Med Case Rep J 2021; 14:719-723. [PMID: 34675690 PMCID: PMC8502046 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s324357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of stem cells to treat various diseases in dermatology has been of interest. Conditioned media with the growth factors secreted from stem cells has been used as a topical agent. We report a case of foreign body granulomas that appeared days after dermal injection of the conditioned media mimicking scars at all injection sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Joo Yang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungmin Na
- Department of Dermatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Woo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Nilforoushzadeh MA, Aghdami N, Taghiabadi E. Effects of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma Exosomes on The Inductivity of Hair Dermal Papilla Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2021; 23:576-583. [PMID: 34837686 PMCID: PMC8588812 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.7352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hair loss is a prevalent medical problem in both men and women. Maintaining the hair inductivity potential of human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) during cell culture is the main issue in hair follicle morphogenesis and regeneration. The present study was conducted to compare the effects of different concentrations of exosomes derived from human adipose stem cells (hASCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the proliferation, migration and expression of alkaline pholphatase (ALP), versican, and smooth muscle alpha-actin (α-SMA) in human DPCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, hDPCs, human hair DPCs and outer root sheet cells (ORSCs) were separated from healthy hair samples. The protocol of exosome isolation from PRP and hASCs comprises serial low speed centrifugation and ultracentrifugation. The effects of different concentrations of exosomes (25, 50, 100 μg/ ml) derived from hASCs and PRP on proliferation (MTS assay), migration (scratch test) and expression of ALP, versican and α-SMA (real time-polymerase chain reaction) in human DPCs were evaluated. RESULTS The flow cytometry analysis of specific cytoplasmic markers showed expression of versican (77%) and α-SMA (60.8%) in DPCs and K15 (73.2%) in ORSCs. According to NanoSight Dynamic Light Scattering, we found the majority of ASCs and PRP-exosomes (ASC-Exo and PRP-Exo) to be 30-150 nm in size. For 100 μg/ml of ASCs-Exo, the expressions of ALP, versican and α-SMA proteins increased by a factor of 1.2, 2 and 3, respectively, compared to the control group. The findings of our experiments illustrated that 100 μg/ml of ASCs-Exo compared to the same concentration of PRP-Exo significantly promote DPC proliferation and migration in culture. CONCLUSION This study introduced the potential positive effect of ASC-Exo in increasing the proliferation and survival of DPCs, while maintaining their hair inductivity. Thus, ASCs-Exo possibly provide a new effective procedure for treatment of hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nasser Aghdami
- Department of Regenerative Biomedicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Taghiabadi
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Sampath SJP, Rath SN, Kotikalapudi N, Venkatesan V. Beneficial effects of secretome derived from mesenchymal stem cells with stigmasterol to negate IL-1β-induced inflammation in-vitro using rat chondrocytes-OA management. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1701-1717. [PMID: 34546477 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00874-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease predominantly characterized by inflammation which drives cartilage destruction. Mesenchymal stem cells-condition medium (MSC-CM) or the secretome is enriched with bioactive factors and possesses anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects. The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of combining MSC-conditioned medium with stigmasterol compared with the individual treatments in alleviating interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)-induced inflammation in rat chondrocytes. Stigmasterol is a phytosterol exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects. IL-1β (10 ng/ml) was used to induce inflammation and mimic OA in-vitro in primary rat articular chondrocytes. The IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes were treated with MSC-CM, stigmasterol, and a combination of MSC-CM and stigmasterol for 24 h. Cell viability was measured using MTT assay. Protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), collagen II (COL2A1) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 were evaluated by immunofluorescence. Gene expression levels of MMP-3, MMP-13 and A Disintegrin-like and Metalloproteinases with Thrombospondin Motifs (ADAMTS)-5 were measured using qRT-PCR. NF-κB signaling pathway was studied using western blotting. A significant reduction in the expression of iNOS, IL-6, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5, and a significant increase in COL2A1 expression was observed in the rat chondrocytes across all the treatment groups. However, the combination treatment of MSC-CM and stigmasterol remarkably reversed the IL-1β-induced pro-inflammatory/pro-catabolic responses to near normal levels comparable to the control group. The combination treatment (MSC-CM + stigmasterol) elicited a superior anti-inflammatory/anti-catabolic effect by inhibiting the IL-1β-induced NF-κB activation evidenced by the negligible phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα subunits, thereby emphasizing the benefit of the combination therapy over the individual treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Joshua Pragasam Sampath
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Subha Narayan Rath
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Nagasuryaprasad Kotikalapudi
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Vijayalakshmi Venkatesan
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
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Daly S, O’Sullivan A, MacLoughlin R. Cellular Immunotherapy and the Lung. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1018. [PMID: 34579255 PMCID: PMC8473388 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9091018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The new era of cellular immunotherapies has provided state-of-the-art and efficient strategies for the prevention and treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Cellular immunotherapies are at the forefront of innovative medical care, including adoptive T cell therapies, cancer vaccines, NK cell therapies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. The focus of this review is on cellular immunotherapies and their application in the lung, as respiratory diseases remain one of the main causes of death worldwide. The ongoing global pandemic has shed a new light on respiratory viruses, with a key area of concern being how to combat and control their infections. The focus of cellular immunotherapies has largely been on treating cancer and has had major successes in the past few years. However, recent preclinical and clinical studies using these immunotherapies for respiratory viral infections demonstrate promising potential. Therefore, in this review we explore the use of multiple cellular immunotherapies in treating viral respiratory infections, along with investigating several routes of administration with an emphasis on inhaled immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorcha Daly
- College of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland;
| | - Andrew O’Sullivan
- Research and Development, Science and Emerging Technologies, Aerogen Limited, Galway Business Park, H91 HE94 Galway, Ireland;
| | - Ronan MacLoughlin
- Research and Development, Science and Emerging Technologies, Aerogen Limited, Galway Business Park, H91 HE94 Galway, Ireland;
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
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Park YM, Lee M, Jeon S, Hrůzová D. In vitro effects of conditioned medium from bioreactor cultured human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) on skin-derived cell lines. Regen Ther 2021; 18:281-291. [PMID: 34504909 PMCID: PMC8390454 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction When stem cells are grafted into tissues, they differentiate and form specialized cells. However, the proficiency of stem cells to endure and assimilate the host cell is dependent on various growth factors and cytokines. According to various studies, these factors are available in the spent media of harvested stem cells, which can be used for treatment in regenerative medicine and cosmetic products. There are differences in cytokine secretion depending on the culture environment, which are clarified in this paper. Methods Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were cultured either in a bioreactor or in a flask. The conditioned medium from the hUC-MSC cultures in the flask and in the bioreactor was designated as “FM” and “BM”, respectively. We assessed the effects of FM and BM on UVB-induced oxidative stress, anti-aging, and melanogenic properties. The amount of growth factors, cell viability, hyaluronic acid (HA), pro-collagen, and pro-melanin were quantitatively evaluated in the FM and BM treated groups. The induction of HA and collagen synthesis was measured in CCD-986SK cells. For melanogenesis, the effects of FM and BM on melanin content and tyrosinase activity were measured in SK-MEL-31 cells. Results In the present study, the secretion of growth factors, HA, and pro-collagen was significantly higher in the BM treatment, compared to that in the FM treatment. BM protected CCD-986SK cells against death from UVB induced oxidative stress. BM increased the promoter activity of the anti-oxidant genes SOD1, CAT, and GP; and downregulated the accelerating collagen decomposition gene, MMP-1, induced by UVB irradiation. In α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) stimulated SK-MEL-31 cells, BM reduced melanin production and decreased the levels of MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2. These results suggest that BM could be used as a skin protection agent, because of its anti-apoptotic, anti-aging, and anti-melanogenic properties. This could be attributed to the differences in culturing methods; it is difficult to maintain the temperature and sterility in FM culture, when compared to that in the automated culturing conditions of the BM system. Conclusions Collectively, our results indicate that using BM-conditioned hUC-MSC medium is very efficient process for producing raw materials for developing functional cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Park
- CHA Advanced Research Institute, 335, Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea.,Cell Therapy R&D Center, HansBiomed Corp., 7, Jeongui-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05836, Republic of Korea
| | - MinJi Lee
- Cell Therapy R&D Center, HansBiomed Corp., 7, Jeongui-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05836, Republic of Korea
| | - SungHyun Jeon
- R&D Center, HansBiomed Copr., 64, Yuseong-daero 1628, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Dagmar Hrůzová
- Primecell Advanced Therapy, A. S. Jáchymova 26/2, 110 00, Prague 1, 60200, Czech Republic
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Hong L, Yan L, Xin Z, Hao J, Liu W, Wang S, Liao S, Wang H, Yang X. Protective effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium on ovarian damage. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 12:372-385. [PMID: 31742349 PMCID: PMC7288746 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents are extensively used to treat malignancies. However, chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage and reduced fertility are severe side effects. Recently, stem cell transplantation has been reported to be an effective strategy for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) treatment, but safety can still be an issue in stem cell-based therapy. Here, we show the protective effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium (hUCMSC-CM) on a cisplatin (Cs)-induced ovarian injury model. hUCMSC-CM can relieve Cs-induced depletion of follicles and preserve fertility. In addition, hUCMSC-CM can decrease apoptosis of oocytes and granulosa cells induced by Cs. RNA sequencing analysis reveals the differentially expressed genes of ovaries after Cs and hUCMSC-CM treatments, including genes involved in cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we show that the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway plays an important role in protecting granulosa cells from Cs-induced apoptosis. Together, we confirm the protective effects of hUCMSC-CM on ovarian reserve and fertility in mice treated with Cs, highlighting the remarkable therapeutic effects of hUCMSC-CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Hong
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Long Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhimin Xin
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuyu Wang
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Shujie Liao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Reproductive Medical Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaokui Yang
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
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Shareghi-Oskoue O, Aghebati-Maleki L, Yousefi M. Transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to treat premature ovarian failure. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:454. [PMID: 34380572 PMCID: PMC8359553 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02529-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the problems and diseases for women before 40 years, premature ovarian failure (POF) could be characterized by amenorrhea, low estrogen levels, infertility, high gonadotropin levels, and lack of mature follicles. Causes of the disease involve some genetic disorders, autoimmunity diseases, and environmental factors. Various approaches have been employed to treat POF, however with limited success. Today, stem cells are used to treat POF, since they have the potential to self-repair and regenerate, and are effective in treating ovarian failure and infertility. As mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) could simultaneously activate several mechanisms, many researchers consider MSC transplantation to be the best and most effective approach in cell therapy. A good source for mesenchymal stem cells is human umbilical cord (HUCMSC). Animal models with cyclophosphamide are required for stem cell treatment and performance of HUCMSC transplantation. Stem cell therapy could indicate the levels of ovarian markers and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor. It also increases ovarian weight, plasma E2 levels, and the amount of standard follicles. Herein, the causes of POF, effective treatment strategies, and the effect of HUCMSC transplantation for the treatment of premature ovarian failure are reviewed. Many studies have been conducted in this field, and the results have shown that stem cell treatment is an effective approach to treat infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oldouz Shareghi-Oskoue
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Student's Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leili Aghebati-Maleki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Characterization of Scleraxis and SRY-Box 9 from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Culture Seeded with Enthesis Scaffold in Hypoxic Condition. JOURNAL OF BIOMIMETICS BIOMATERIALS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.52.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem cells can add local improvements potential to enthesis tissue regeneration based on tropical activity through secretions of growth factors, cytokines, and vesicles (e.g. exosomes), collectively known as secretomes. This study aims to analyze secretomes characterization from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded with enthesis tissue scaffold in hypoxic conditions and to analyze the influence of hypoxic environment to the characterization of secretomes. This is an in-vitro study using a Randomized Control Group Post-Test Only design. This study using Adipose Stem Cells (ASCs) were cultured in hypoxia (Oxygen 5%) and Normoxia (21%) condition. The scaffolds are fresh-frozen enthesis tissue and was seeded in the treatment group and compared to control. The evaluation of Scleraxis (Scx) and SRY-box (Sox9) was measured using ELISA on the 2nd, 4th, and 6th days. Comparison of Scx levels between each evaluation time showed a positive trend in a group with scaffold in hypoxia condition although it has no significant differences (p=0.085), with the highest level on day 6, that is 13,568 ng/ml. Conversely, the comparison of Sox9 showed significant differences (p=0.02) in a group with scaffold in hypoxia condition, with the highest level on day 4, that is 28,250 ng/ml. The use of enthesis scaffold seeded in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in hypoxic conditions shows a positive trend as regenerative effort of injured enthesis tissue through Scleraxis and Sox9 secretomes induction.
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Montero-Vilchez T, Sierra-Sánchez Á, Sanchez-Diaz M, Quiñones-Vico MI, Sanabria-de-la-Torre R, Martinez-Lopez A, Arias-Santiago S. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Conditioned Medium for Skin Diseases: A Systematic Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:654210. [PMID: 34368115 PMCID: PMC8343397 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.654210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ of the human body, and its dysfunction is related to many diseases. There is a need to find new potential effective therapies for some skin conditions such as inflammatory diseases, wound healing, or hair restoration. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-conditioned medium (CM) provides a potential opportunity in the treatment of skin disease. Thus, the objective of this review is to evaluate the uses of MSC-CM for treating skin diseases in both animal and human models. A systematic review was conducted regarding the use of MSC-CM for treating skin conditions. One hundred one studies were analyzed. MSC-CM was evaluated in wound healing (55), hypertrophic scars (9), flap reperfusion (4), hair restoration (15), skin rejuvenation (15), and inflammatory skin diseases (3). MSC-CM was obtained from different MSC sources, mainly adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord blood. MSC-CM was tested intravenously, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, intradermally or intralesionally injected or topically applied. MSC-CM was used in both animals and humans. MSC-CM improved wound healing, hair restoration, skin rejuvenation, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis in both animals and humans. MSC-CM also decreased hypertrophic scars and flap ischemia in animal models. In conclusion, MSC-CM is a promising therapy for skin conditions. Further studies are needed to corroborate safety and effectiveness and to standardize CM manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinidad Montero-Vilchez
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sierra-Sánchez
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Diaz
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Quiñones-Vico
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanabria-de-la-Torre
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Martinez-Lopez
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Salvador Arias-Santiago
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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van Dongen JA, Boxtel JV, Willemsen JC, Brouwer LA, Vermeulen KM, Tuin AJ, Harmsen MC, van der Lei B, Stevens HP. The Addition of Tissue Stromal Vascular Fraction to Platelet-Rich Plasma Supplemented Lipofilling Does Not Improve Facial Skin Quality: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial. Aesthet Surg J 2021; 41:NP1000-NP1013. [PMID: 33687052 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjab109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipofilling has become popular as a treatment to improve aging-related skin characteristics (eg, wrinkles, pigmentation spots, pores, or rosacea). Different additives such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or stromal vascular fraction (SVF) have been combined with lipofilling to increase the therapeutic effect of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs). OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that mechanically isolated SVF augments the therapeutic effect of PRP-supplemented lipofilling to improve facial skin quality. METHODS This prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted between 2016 and 2019. In total, 28 female subjects were enrolled; 25 completed the follow-up. All patients received PRP-supplemented lipofilling with either mechanically isolated SVF or saline. SVF was isolated by fractionation of adipose tissue (tSVF). Results were evaluated by changes in skin elasticity and transepidermal water loss, changes in skin-aging-related features, ie, superficial spots, wrinkles, skin texture, pores, vascularity, and pigmentation, as well as patient satisfaction (FACE-Q), recovery, and number of complications up to 1 year postoperative. RESULTS The addition of tSVF to PRP-supplemented lipofilling did not improve skin elasticity, transepidermal water loss, or skin-aging-related features. No improvement in patient satisfaction with overall facial appearance or facial skin quality was seen when tSVF was added to PRP-supplemented lipofilling. CONCLUSIONS In comparison to PRP-supplemented lipofilling, PRP-supplemented lipofilling combined with tSVF does not improve facial skin quality or patient satisfaction in a healthy population. PRP-supplemented lipofilling combined with tSVF can be considered a safe procedure. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joeri V Boxtel
- Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Joep C Willemsen
- Albert Schweitzer Hospital Dordrecht, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Linda A Brouwer
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Karin M Vermeulen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Aartje Jorien Tuin
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Berend van der Lei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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ŞEN HALICIOĞLU B, TUĞLU Mİ. Yağ doku kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücrelerin ve koşullu besiyerinin deneysel prematür over yetmezliği modeli üzerine etkileri. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.852402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes Promoted Hair Regeneration. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 18:685-691. [PMID: 34173219 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some scholars have found that dermal papilla spheroid-derived exosomes could promote the development of hair follicles. However, whether adipose-derived stem cell exosomes (ADSC-Exos) have a similar effect on hair growth has not been determined yet. Thus, the purpose of this article was to detect whether ADSC-Exos could promote hair regeneration. METHODS Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were isolated from 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice. Then, ADSC-Exos were isolated from the ADSCs. Western blotting was used to detect specific exosome markers. The particle size and distribution of the exosomes were analyzed by NanoSight dynamic light scattering. A total of 12 nude mice were randomly divided into two groups (n = 6 each): the ADSC-Exos group and the control group. For the control group, a mixture of freshly isolated dermal cells (DCs) and epidermal cells (ECs) was grafted. For the ADSC-Exos group, a mixture of DCs, ECs, and 50 μg/ml of ADSC-Exos was grafted. Gross evaluation of the hair regeneration was carried out 2-3 weeks after the transplantation, and the graft site was harvested for histology at the third week. RESULTS The existence of exosomes derived from ADSCs was evidenced by CD63, ALX1, and CD9 expression. Two or three weeks after the grafting, the number of regenerated hairs in the ADSC-Exos group was higher than that in the control group (p < 0.001). Histologically, the terminal hairs were remarkable in the ADSC-Exos group, whereas the hair follicles observed in the control group were comparatively immature. The ADSC-Exos group had a higher number of regenerated follicles than the control group (p < 0.001). In addition, we found that the skin tissues in the ADSC-Exos group had higher PDGF and vascular endothelial growth factor expressions and lower transforming growth factor beta 1 levels than those in the control group. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that ADSC-Exos could promote in vivo hair follicle regeneration.
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Conditioned medium of IGF1-induced synovial membrane mesenchymal stem cells increases chondrogenic and chondroprotective markers in chondrocyte inflammation. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:229062. [PMID: 34143208 PMCID: PMC8255536 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been the most explored cells for cell therapy for osteoarthritis (OA) that can be obtained from various sources. Synovial membrane MSCs (SMMSCs) provide best potential for OA therapy, however they are not widely explored. Conditioned medium of SMMSCs (SMMSCs-CM) rich in growth factors and cytokines can inhibit apoptosis and increase chondrocytes cell proliferation. The aim of the present study was to determine growth factors content in SMMSCs-CM as well as the chondrogenic and chondroprotective markers expression in OA model after insulin-like growth factor (IGF)1-induced and non-induced SMMSCs-CM treatments. Chondrocyte cell line (CHON002) was induced by IL1β as OA model (CHON002 with IL1β (IL1β-CHON002)) and treated with SMMSCs-CM with or without IGF1 induction to determine its effectiveness in repairing OA cells model. ELISA was used to assay BMP2, fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) and transforming growth factor (TGF) β1 (TGFβ1) levels in SMMSCs-CM, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 13 (MMP13) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 4 (ADAMTS4) levels in OA cells model treated with SMMSCs-CM. RT-qPCR analyses were used to investigate the gene expression of SOX9, COL2, and COL10. CM from SMMSCs cultured and induced by IGF1 150 ng/mL was the most effective concentration for increasing the content of growth factor markers of SMMSCs-CM, which had successfully increased negative cartilage hypertrophy markers (SOX9 and COL2) and reduced hypertrophy markers (COL10, MMP13, and ADAMTS4). Preconditioning with IGF1 has better and very significant results in lowering MMP13 and ADAMTS4 levels. The present study supports IGF1 pre-conditioned SMMSCs-CM to develop a new therapeutic approach in OA improvement through its chondrogenic and chondroprotective roles.
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Salikhova D, Bukharova T, Cherkashova E, Namestnikova D, Leonov G, Nikitina M, Gubskiy I, Akopyan G, Elchaninov A, Midiber K, Bulatenco N, Mokrousova V, Makarov A, Yarygin K, Chekhonin V, Mikhaleva L, Fatkhudinov T, Goldshtein D. Therapeutic Effects of hiPSC-Derived Glial and Neuronal Progenitor Cells-Conditioned Medium in Experimental Ischemic Stroke in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094694. [PMID: 33946667 PMCID: PMC8125106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of various types of stem cells as a possible therapy for stroke has been tested for years, and the results are promising. Recent investigations have shown that the administration of the conditioned media obtained after stem cell cultivation can also be effective in the therapy of the central nervous system pathology (hypothesis of their paracrine action). The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the conditioned medium of hiPSC-derived glial and neuronal progenitor cells in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of the ischemic stroke. Secretory activity of the cultured neuronal and glial progenitor cells was evaluated by proteomic and immunosorbent-based approaches. Therapeutic effects were assessed by overall survival, neurologic deficit and infarct volume dynamics, as well as by the end-point values of the apoptosis- and inflammation-related gene expression levels, the extent of microglia/macrophage infiltration and the numbers of formed blood vessels in the affected area of the brain. As a result, 31% of the protein species discovered in glial progenitor cells-conditioned medium and 45% in neuronal progenitor cells-conditioned medium were cell type specific. The glial progenitor cell-conditioned media showed a higher content of neurotrophins (BDNF, GDNF, CNTF and NGF). We showed that intra-arterial administration of glial progenitor cells-conditioned medium promoted a faster decrease in neurological deficit compared to the control group, reduced microglia/macrophage infiltration, reduced expression of pro-apoptotic gene Bax and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene Tnf, increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine genes (Il4, Il10, Il13) and promoted the formation of blood vessels within the damaged area. None of these effects were exerted by the neuronal progenitor cell-conditioned media. The results indicate pronounced cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory and angiogenic properties of soluble factors secreted by glial progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Salikhova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (G.L.); (N.B.); (V.M.); (D.G.)
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (L.M.); (T.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tatiana Bukharova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (G.L.); (N.B.); (V.M.); (D.G.)
| | - Elvira Cherkashova
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (E.C.); (D.N.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
- Radiology and Clinical Physiology Scientific Research Center, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency”, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Daria Namestnikova
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (E.C.); (D.N.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
- Radiology and Clinical Physiology Scientific Research Center, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency”, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Georgy Leonov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (G.L.); (N.B.); (V.M.); (D.G.)
| | - Maria Nikitina
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (L.M.); (T.F.)
| | - Ilya Gubskiy
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (E.C.); (D.N.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
- Radiology and Clinical Physiology Scientific Research Center, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency”, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Gevorg Akopyan
- Radiology and Clinical Physiology Scientific Research Center, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency”, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Andrey Elchaninov
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (L.M.); (T.F.)
| | - Konstantin Midiber
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (L.M.); (T.F.)
| | - Natalia Bulatenco
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (G.L.); (N.B.); (V.M.); (D.G.)
| | - Victoria Mokrousova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (G.L.); (N.B.); (V.M.); (D.G.)
| | - Andrey Makarov
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (E.C.); (D.N.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Konstantin Yarygin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia;
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Chekhonin
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (E.C.); (D.N.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Liudmila Mikhaleva
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (L.M.); (T.F.)
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (L.M.); (T.F.)
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Goldshtein
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (G.L.); (N.B.); (V.M.); (D.G.)
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia
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Huang CY, Vesvoranan O, Yin X, Montoya A, Londono V, Sawatari Y, Garcia-Godoy F. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Conditioned Medium of Periodontal Ligament-Derived Stem Cells on Chondrocytes, Synoviocytes, and Meniscus Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:537-547. [PMID: 33757298 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis, afflicting millions of people in the world. Elevation of inflammatory mediators and enzymatic matrix destruction is often associated with OA. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of conditioned medium from periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (PDLSCs) on inflammatory and catabolic gene expressions of chondrocytes, synoviocytes, and meniscus cells under in vitro inflammatory condition. Stem cells were isolated from human periodontal ligaments. Conditioned medium was collected and concentrated 20 × . Chondrocytes, synoviocytes, and meniscus cells were isolated from pig knees and divided into four experimental groups: serum-free media, serum-free media+interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (10 ng/mL), conditioned media (CM), and CM+IL-1β. Protein content and extracellular vesicle (EV) miRNAs of CM were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing, respectively. It was found that the IL-1β treatment upregulated the expression of IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), MMP-13, and ADAMTS-4 genes in the three cell types, whereas PDLSC-conditioned medium prevented the upregulation of gene expression by IL-1β in all three cell types. This study also found that there was consistency in anti-inflammatory effects of PDLSC CM across donors and cell subcultures, while PDLSCs released several anti-inflammatory factors and EV miRNAs at high levels. OA has been suggested as an inflammatory disease in which all intrasynovial tissues are involved. PDLSC-conditioned medium is a cocktail of trophic factors and EV miRNAs that could mediate different inflammatory processes in various tissues in the joint. Introducing PDLSC-conditioned medium to osteoarthritic joints could be a potential treatment to prevent OA progression by inhibiting inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yuh Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Oraya Vesvoranan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Xue Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Amanda Montoya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Valeria Londono
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Yoh Sawatari
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Franklin Garcia-Godoy
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Schwann-like cell conditioned medium promotes angiogenesis and nerve regeneration. Cell Tissue Bank 2021; 23:101-118. [PMID: 33837877 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09920-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Vascular network reconstruction plays a pivotal role in the axonal regeneration and nerve function recovery after peripheral nerve injury. Increasing evidence indicates that Schwann cells (SCs) can promote nerve function repair, and the beneficial effects attributed to SCs therapy may exert their therapeutic effects through paracrine mechanisms. Recently, the previous research of our group demonstrated the promising neuroregenerative capacity of Schwann-like cells (SCLCs) derived from differentiated human embryonic stem cell-derived neural stem cells (hESC-NSCs) in vitro. Herein, the effects of SC-like cell conditioned medium (SCLC-CM) on angiogenesis and nerve regeneration were further explored. The assays were performed to show the pro-angiogenic effects of SCLC-CM, such as promoted endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation in vitro. In addition, Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with SCLC-CM after sciatic nerve crush injury, SCLC-CM was conducive for the recovery of sciatic nerve function, which was mainly manifested in the SFI increase, the wet weight ratio of gastrocnemius muscle, as well as the number and thickness of myelin. The SCLC-CM treatment reduced the Evans blue leakage and increased the expression of CD34 microvessels. Furthermore, SCLC-CM upregulated the expressions of p-Akt and p-mTOR in endothelial cells. In conclusion, SCLC-CM promotes angiogenesis and nerve regeneration, it is expected to become a new treatment strategy for peripheral nerve injury.
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Bhat S, Amirthalingam M, Ballambat SP, Bhupasandra Vasudev M, Gupta PK, Padya BS, Mutalik S, Seetharam RN. Novel bioactive formulation derived from the conditioned medium of mesenchymal stromal cells reduces under-eye dark circles in human volunteers. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:814-826. [PMID: 33835668 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under-eye dark circles are a common condition observed in dermatology practice. Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived conditioned medium (MSC-CM) contains an array of growth factors and cytokines reported to promote periorbital rejuvenation and may be useful in removing the dark circle around the eyes. AIMS The aim of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of developed bioactive formulation containing mesenchymal stromal cell-derived conditioned medium in reducing the under-eye dark circles. PATIENTS/METHODS We tested the safety profile of MSC-CM along with antioxidants, in vitro using human melanocytes cultures. The bioactive formulation containing MSC-CM was developed and tested for physicochemical parameters. The dermatological safety was evaluated by primary irritant patch-test under complete occlusion on healthy human subjects. To elucidate its safety and efficacy, monocentric, open-label, single-arm study was carried out in 20 Indian female subjects for the duration of 12 weeks. Parameters such as eye puffiness, radiance, skin smoothness, even skin tone, periorbital fine lines and wrinkles, crow's feet, whitening, pigmentation, skin tightening, and refreshing/soothing effect were used to investigate the rejuvenating property of the bioactive formulation. RESULTS Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived conditioned medium along with antioxidants decreased the melanin content compared to the CM alone in the melanocyte cultures. Besides, the bioactive formulation was safe and emerged as a non-irritant product. Improvement in the majority of the clinical parameters assessed through efficacy study was observed within 4 weeks of topical application of the formulation twice daily, and showed continued improvement for 12 weeks as evaluated by the dermatologists as well as self-assessment by the subjects. CONCLUSION The bioactive formulation containing MSC-CM was safe and effective in reducing the under-eye dark circles and was beneficial in improving the overall appearance of the eye area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samatha Bhat
- Stempeutics Research Pvt Ltd, Shirdi Sai Baba Cancer Hospital, Manipal, India
| | | | - Sathish Pai Ballambat
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India
| | | | | | - Bharath Singh Padya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Raviraja N Seetharam
- Stempeutics Research Pvt Ltd, Shirdi Sai Baba Cancer Hospital, Manipal, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Zhang Z, Li Y, Zhang T, Shi M, Song X, Yang S, Liu H, Zhang M, Cui Q, Li Z. Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Induced Tendon Stem Cell Conditioned Medium Promotes Healing of Injured Achilles Tendon. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:654084. [PMID: 33898452 PMCID: PMC8059769 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.654084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon repair is a medical challenge. Our present study investigated the effectiveness of acellular therapy consisting of conditioned medium (CM) of tendon stem cells (TSCs) induced with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in promoting the healing of injured Achilles tendon in a rat model. Proteomic analysis of soluble substances in the CM was performed using an array chip, and bioinformatic analysis was carried out to evaluate interactions among the factors. The effects of CM on viability and migratory capacity of tendon fibroblasts derived from rats with ruptured Achilles tendon were evaluated with the Cell Counting Kit 8 and wound healing assay, respectively. The expression of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related protein was assessed by western blotting. Rats with Achilles tendon injury were treated with CM by local injection for 2 weeks, and the organization of tendon fibers at the lesion site was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining of tissue samples. The deposition and degradation of ECM proteins and the expression of inflammatory factors at the lesion site were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Biomechanical testing was carried out on the injured tendons to assess functional recovery. There were 12 bioactive molecules in the CM, with HGF as the hub of the protein-protein interaction network. CM treatment enhanced the viability and migration of tendon fibroblasts, altered the expression of ECM proteins, promoted the organization of tendon fibers, suppressed inflammation and improved the biomechanics of the injured Achilles tendon. These results suggest that HGF stimulates the secretion of soluble secretory products by TSCs and CM promotes the repair and functional recovery of ruptured Achilles tendon. Thus, HGF-induced TSC CM has therapeutic potential for the treatment of tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yutian Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Manyu Shi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shulong Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hengchen Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingzhao Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingbo Cui
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaozhu Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Widowati W, Murti H, Widyastuti H, Laksmitawati DR, Rizal R, Widya Kusuma HS, Sumitro SB, Widodo MA, Bachtiar I. Decreased Inhibition of Proliferation and Induction of Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cell Lines (T47D and MCF7) from Treatment with Conditioned Medium Derived from Hypoxia-Treated Wharton's Jelly MSCs Compared with Normoxia-Treated MSCs. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2021; 15:77-89. [PMID: 34466206 PMCID: PMC8381107 DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v15i2.6038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an appealing source of adult stem cells for cell therapy due to the high rate of proliferation, self-renewal capability, and applicable therapy. Wharton’s jelly (WJ), the main component of the umbilical cord extracellular matrix, comprises multipotent stem cells with a high proliferation rate and self-renewal capability and has anti-cancer properties. MSCs have been reported to secrete a variety of cytokines that have a cytotoxic effect in various cancers. Oxygen tension affects MSCs proliferation, cytokines level but no in surface markers expression, MSCs’ differentiation. We explored the cytotoxic effect and inducing apoptosis of Wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) secretions from normoxic WJMSCs (WJMSCs-norCM) (CM: conditioned medium) and hypoxic WJMSCs (WJMSCs-hypoCM) in breast cancer cell lines (T47D and MCF7). Materials and Methods: Cytotoxic activity was determined using the MTS assay. RT-PCR was performed to measure the expression of apoptosis-inducing genes, specifically P53, BAX, and CASP9, and the antiapoptotic gene BCL-2. Results: WJMSCs-norCM and WJMSCs-hypoCM were potent inhibitors of the proliferation in both cell lines. WJMSCs-norCM had more anticancer activity in T47D and MCF7. The IC50 value of WJMSCs-norCM on MCF7 was 42.34%, and on T47D was 42.36%. WJMSCs-norCM significantly induced the gene expression of apoptotic P53, BAX, and CASP9 and insignificantly decreased the antiapoptotic gene BCL-2 in both MCF7 and T47D cells. WJMSCs-CM has anticancer activity by inducing P53, BAX, and CASP9 apoptotic genes. Conclusion: WJMSCs-norCM has more anticancer activity than WJMSCs-hypoCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahyu Widowati
- Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Jl. Prof. drg.. Suria Sumantri No.65, Bandung 40164, Indonesia
| | - Harry Murti
- Stem Cell and Cancer Institute, Jl. A Yani No 2 Pulo Mas, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Halida Widyastuti
- Stem Cell and Cancer Institute, Jl. A Yani No 2 Pulo Mas, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Dian Ratih Laksmitawati
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jl. Raya Lenteng Agung No.56-80 Jakarta 12640, Indonesia
| | - Rizal Rizal
- Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama,, Jl. Babakan Jeruk II No. 9, Bandung 40163, Indonesia.,Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Kampus UI, Depok 16426, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Hanna Sari Widya Kusuma
- Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama,, Jl. Babakan Jeruk II No. 9, Bandung 40163, Indonesia
| | - Sutiman Bambang Sumitro
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Ketawanggede Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - M Aris Widodo
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University Jl. Veteran, Ketawanggede Malang 65145,, Indonesia
| | - Indra Bachtiar
- Stem Cell and Cancer Institute, Jl. A Yani No 2 Pulo Mas, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
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Tongu EADO, Segabinazzi LGTM, Alvarenga ML, Monteiro A, Papa FO, Alvarenga MA. Allogenic mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium does not affect sperm parameters and mitigates early endometrial inflammatory responses in mares. Theriogenology 2021; 169:1-8. [PMID: 33887520 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) on sperm parameters, intrauterine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), intrauterine fluid accumulation (IUF), and fertility in mares. In experiment 1, two ejaculates from ten stallions were extended to 50 million sperm/mL using a milk-based extender. Thereafter, 20 mL of extended semen was added of MSC-CM as follows: 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mL. Sperm kinetics and plasma membrane integrity were evaluated immediately after dilution (T0) and 2 h post-incubation at 37 °C (T2). In experiment 2, mares characterized as resistant (n = 13) or susceptible (n = 7) to endometritis were inseminated with fresh semen 24 h post-induction of ovulation in two (Control and CM-1) and three (Control, CM-1, and CM-2) cycles in a crossover, as follows: control, no pharmacological interference; CM-1, supplementation of semen insemination dose at 3:4 (v:v, MSC-CM:semen); CM-2, 30 mL of MSC-CM was infused into the uterus 24 h before insemination. Endometrial cytology and uterine fluid were collected 6 and 24 h after insemination to evaluate the number of PMNs and concentrations of interleukins IL6, IL10, and TNFα. IUF was determined by ultrasonography 24 and 48 h after insemination. Pregnancy status was diagnosed 14 days after ovulation. The addition of MSC-CM to semen did not influence sperm parameters at T0 and T2 (P > 0.05) and reduced (CM-1; P < 0.05) the number of PMNs at 6 h post-insemination in resistant mares. In susceptible mares, PMNs at 6 and 24 h post-insemination, as well as IUF were reduced (P < 0.05) in both treated cycles (CM-1 and CM-2). In addition, MSC-CM downregulated IL6 and upregulated IL10 concentrations in the uterus of susceptible mares after insemination. There were no differences in fertility rates among groups both in resistant (Control, 77%, 10/13; CM-1, 62%, 8/13) and susceptible mares (Control, 42.8%, 3/7; CM-1, 57.1%, 4/7; CM-2, 85.7%. 6/7). In conclusion, MSC-CM did not affect sperm parameters when mixed with diluted semen, and reduced post-insemination inflammatory responses in mares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriky Akio de Oliveira Tongu
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Lorenzo G T M Segabinazzi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Marina Landim Alvarenga
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Aldine Monteiro
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Frederico Ozanam Papa
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Alvarenga
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
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Mathen C, Dsouza W. In vitro and clinical evaluation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cell-conditioned media for hair regeneration. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:740-749. [PMID: 33780589 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The field of regenerative medicine may present a non-drug, non-steroid, and non-invasive alternative toward addressing male and female pattern hair loss, a global concern. OBJECTIVE The aim was to carry out the in vitro and in vivo safety and efficacy evaluation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cell-conditioned media (MSC-CM) for hair regeneration. METHODS Various in vitro parameters were used to estimate the consistency across various batches of MSC-CM. Total protein content was measured by the Biuret method and antioxidant activity by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was used to determine spectral signatures and biocompatibility was carried out by the Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) and Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays. In vivo safety and efficacy was evaluated in an experimental pilot study on 15 volunteers. RESULTS The in vitro results confirmed stability in the protein content (7 mg/ml), antioxidant activity (49.50%), and FTIR fingerprints of the MSC-CM. In the biocompatibility experiments by both SRB and NRU methods, no IC50 value could be derived at 100% concentration indicating safety at the cellular level. The in vivo results indicated safety with no side effects or adverse reactions, while 86.6% of the subjects experienced a positive effect of hair regeneration. CONCLUSION MSC-CM comprises a rich cocktail of physiologically balanced growth factors, cytokines, and beneficial proteins which may explain the bioactivity and mechanism of action in hair regrowth. This may indicate a biocompatible, gentle, and safe regenerative approach to address hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Mathen
- Clinical R & D, OCT Therapies and Research Pvt Ltd, Mumbai, India
| | - Wilfrid Dsouza
- Clinical R & D, OCT Therapies and Research Pvt Ltd, Mumbai, India
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Park IS. Enhancement of Wound Healing by Conditioned Medium of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cell with Photobiomodulation in Skin Wound. Int J Stem Cells 2021; 14:212-220. [PMID: 33632992 PMCID: PMC8138655 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc20175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate whether conditioned medium from photobiomodulation (PBM) irradiated adipose-derived stromal cell (ASC) spheroids prior to implanting could stimulate angiogenesis and tissue regeneration to improve functional recovery of skin tissue in an animal skin wound model. Methods and Results ASC were split and seeded on chitosan-coated 24 well plate at a density of 7.5×104 cells/cm2, and allowed to adhere at 37℃. Within 3 days of culture, ASC formed spheroids by PBM irradiation. Conditioned medium (CM) fractions were collected from the PBM-ASC to yield nor adipose-derived stromal cell spheroid (spheroid) and PBM-spheroid, respectively, centrifuged at 13,000 g at 4℃ for 10 min, and stored prior to use for ELISA, protein assay, or in vivo wound-healing assays. Phosphate-buffered saline, cultured CM from ASCs, PBM irradiation prior to implanting conditioned medium from ASC, cultured CM from ASC spheroid, and PBM–spheroid-CM (PSC) were transplanted into a wound bed in athymic mice to evaluate therapeutic effects of PSC in vivo. PSC enhanced wound closure in a skin injury model compared to PBS, CM, PBM–CM, and spheroid-CM. The density of vascular formations increased as a result of angiogenic factors released by the wound bed and enhanced tissue regeneration at the lesion site. Conclusions These results indicate that implant of PSC can significantly improve functional recovery compared to PBS, CM, PBM–CM, or spheroid-CM treatment. Implant of PSC may be an effective form of paracrine mediated therapy for treating a wound bed.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Su Park
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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135
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Research Progress on Stem Cell Therapies for Articular Cartilage Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8882505. [PMID: 33628274 PMCID: PMC7895563 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8882505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Injury of articular cartilage can cause osteoarthritis and seriously affect the physical and mental health of patients. Unfortunately, current surgical treatment techniques that are commonly used in the clinic cannot regenerate articular cartilage. Regenerative medicine involving stem cells has entered a new stage and is considered the most promising way to regenerate articular cartilage. In terms of theories on the mechanism, it was thought that stem cell-mediated articular cartilage regeneration was achieved through the directional differentiation of stem cells into chondrocytes. However, recent evidence has shown that the stem cell secretome plays an important role in biological processes such as the immune response, inflammation regulation, and drug delivery. At the same time, the stem cell secretome can effectively mediate the process of tissue regeneration. This new theory has attributed the therapeutic effect of stem cells to their paracrine effects. The application of stem cells is not limited to exogenous stem cell transplantation. Endogenous stem cell homing and in situ regeneration strategies have received extensive attention. The application of stem cell derivatives, such as conditioned media, extracellular vesicles, and extracellular matrix, is an extension of stem cell paracrine theory. On the other hand, stem cell pretreatment strategies have also shown promising therapeutic effects. This article will systematically review the latest developments in these areas, summarize challenges in articular cartilage regeneration strategies involving stem cells, and describe prospects for future development.
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136
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Ra K, Oh HJ, Kim EY, Kang SK, Ra JC, Kim EH, Park SC, Lee BC. Comparison of Anti-Oxidative Effect of Human Adipose- and Amniotic Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Medium on Mouse Preimplantation Embryo Development. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020268. [PMID: 33572334 PMCID: PMC7916131 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major cause of damage to the quantity and quality of embryos produced in vitro. Antioxidants are usually supplemented to protect embryos from the suboptimal in vitro culture (IVC) environment. Amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSC) have emerged as a promising regenerative therapy, and their paracrine factors with anti-oxidative effects are present in AMSC conditioned medium (CM). We examined the anti-oxidative potential of human AMSC-CM treatment during IVC on mouse preimplantation embryo development and antioxidant gene expression in the forkhead box O (FoxO) pathway. AMSC-CM (10%) was optimal for overall preimplantation embryo developmental processes and upregulated the expression of FoxOs and their downstream antioxidants in blastocysts (BL). Subsequently, compared to adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASC)-CM, AMSC-CM enhanced antioxidant gene expression and intracellular GSH levels in the BL. Total antioxidant capacity and SOD activity were greater in AMSC-CM than in ASC-CM. Furthermore, SOD and catalase were more active in culture medium supplemented with AMSC-CM than in ASC-CM. Lastly, the anti-apoptotic effect of AMSC-CM was observed with the regulation of apoptosis-related genes and mitochondrial membrane potential in BL. In conclusion, the present study established AMSC-CM treatment at an optimal concentration as a novel antioxidant intervention for assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihae Ra
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (K.R.); (H.J.O.); (E.H.K.)
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (K.R.); (H.J.O.); (E.H.K.)
- Research and Development Center, MKbiotech Co., Ltd., 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Ltd., Seoul 08506, Korea; (E.Y.K.); (S.K.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Sung Keun Kang
- Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Ltd., Seoul 08506, Korea; (E.Y.K.); (S.K.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Jeong Chan Ra
- Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Ltd., Seoul 08506, Korea; (E.Y.K.); (S.K.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Eui Hyun Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (K.R.); (H.J.O.); (E.H.K.)
| | - Se Chang Park
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.C.P.); (B.C.L.)
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (K.R.); (H.J.O.); (E.H.K.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.P.); (B.C.L.)
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137
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Fröhlich E. Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Products in Lung Diseases-Intravenous Administration versus Inhalation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:232. [PMID: 33562240 PMCID: PMC7915745 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of publications studying the therapeutic use of stem cells has steadily increased since 2000. Compared to other applications, there has been little interest in the evaluation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived products (mostly extracellular vesicles) for the treatment of respiratory diseases. Due to the lack of efficient treatments for acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the action of MSCs has also been studied. This review describes mode of action and use of MSCs and MSC-derived products in the treatment of lung diseases including the respective advantages and limitations of the products. Further, issues related to standardized production are addressed. Administration by inhalation of MSCs, compared to intravenous injection, could decrease cell damage by shear stress, eliminate the barrier to reach target cells in the alveoli, prevent thrombus formation in the pulmonary vasculature and retention in filter for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. There is more feasible to deliver extracellular vesicles than MSCs with inhalers, offering the advantage of non-invasive and repeated administration by the patient. Major obstacles for comparison of results are heterogeneity of the products, differences in the treatment protocols and small study cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore Fröhlich
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstr 24, 8010 Graz, Austria; ; Tel.: +43-316-385-73011
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
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138
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Sanchez-Castro EE, Pajuelo-Reyes C, Tejedo R, Soria-Juan B, Tapia-Limonchi R, Andreu E, Hitos AB, Martin F, Cahuana GM, Guerra-Duarte C, de Assis TCS, Bedoya FJ, Soria B, Chávez-Olórtegui C, Tejedo JR. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Based Therapies as Promising Treatments for Muscle Regeneration After Snakebite Envenoming. Front Immunol 2021; 11:609961. [PMID: 33633730 PMCID: PMC7902043 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.609961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Snakebite envenoming is a global neglected disease with an incidence of up to 2.7 million new cases every year. Although antivenoms are so-far the most effective treatment to reverse the acute systemic effects induced by snakebite envenoming, they have a limited therapeutic potential, being unable to completely neutralize the local venom effects. Local damage, such as dermonecrosis and myonecrosis, can lead to permanent sequelae with physical, social, and psychological implications. The strong inflammatory process induced by snake venoms is associated with poor tissue regeneration, in particular the lack of or reduced skeletal muscle regeneration. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-based therapies have shown both anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative properties. We postulate that using allogeneic MSCs or their cell-free products can induce skeletal muscle regeneration in snakebite victims, improving all the three steps of the skeletal muscle regeneration process, mainly by anti-inflammatory activity, paracrine effects, neovascularization induction, and inhibition of tissue damage, instrumental for microenvironment remodeling and regeneration. Since snakebite envenoming occurs mainly in areas with poor healthcare, we enlist the principles and potential of MSCs-based therapies and discuss regulatory issues, good manufacturing practices, transportation, storage, and related-procedures that could allow the administration of these therapies, looking forward to a safe and cost-effective treatment for a so far unsolved and neglected health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilia Pajuelo-Reyes
- Institute of Tropical Diseases, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Rebeca Tejedo
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru
| | - Bárbara Soria-Juan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.,Department of Surgery, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Unidad de Terapias Avanzadas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Tapia-Limonchi
- Institute of Tropical Diseases, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Etelvina Andreu
- ISABIAL-Hospital General y Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.,Departmento de Fisica Aplicadas, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ana B Hitos
- Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Sevilla-CSIC, Seville, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network for Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Franz Martin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.,Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Sevilla-CSIC, Seville, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network for Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gladys M Cahuana
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.,Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Sevilla-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Clara Guerra-Duarte
- Center of Research and Development, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thamyres C Silva de Assis
- Departament of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Francisco J Bedoya
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.,Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Sevilla-CSIC, Seville, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network for Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernat Soria
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.,ISABIAL-Hospital General y Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network for Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernandez de Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Carlos Chávez-Olórtegui
- Departament of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juan R Tejedo
- Institute of Tropical Diseases, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.,Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Sevilla-CSIC, Seville, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network for Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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139
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Elshemy MM, Asem M, Allemailem KS, Uto K, Ebara M, Nabil A. Antioxidative Capacity of Liver- and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Media and Their Applicability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetic Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8833467. [PMID: 33623636 PMCID: PMC7875634 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8833467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is mainly characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, which cannot be reversed with existing therapeutic strategies. Using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), cell-based therapy has been demonstrated in displaying therapeutic effects in T2DM for their self-renewable, differentiation potential, and immunosuppressive properties and higher levels of angiogenic factors. Stem cell therapies are complicated and have a serious adverse effect including tumor formation and immunogenicity, while using mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned media (MSC-CM) significantly reduces stem cell risk, maintaining efficacy and showing significantly higher levels of growth factors, cytokines, and angiogenic factors that stimulate angiogenesis and promote fracture healing in diabetes. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of the liver and adipose MSC-CM in diabetic endothelial dysfunction compared with standard insulin therapy. Fifty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided equally into 5 groups as follows: control, diabetic, diabetic+insulin, diabetic+liver MSC-CM, and diabetic+adipose MSC-CM; all treatments continued for 4 weeks. Finally, we observed that liver MSC-CM therapy had the most apparent improvement in levels of blood glucose; HbA1c; AGEs; lipid panel (cholesterol, TG, LDL, HDL, and total lipids); renal function (urea, uric acid, creatinine, and total protein); liver function (AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, and albumin); CPK; C-peptide; HO-1; inflammatory markers including IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP; growth factors (liver and serum IGF-1); amylase; histopathological changes; pancreatic cell oxidative stress; and antioxidant markers (MDA, GSH, ROS, CAT, SOD, HO-1, and XO) toward the normal levels compared with insulin and adipose MSCs-CM. Moreover, both the liver and adipose MSC-CM relieved the hyperglycemic status by improving pancreatic islet β cell regeneration, promoting the conversion of alpha cells to beta cells, reducing insulin resistance, and protecting pancreatic tissues against oxidative stress-induced injury as well as possessing the ability to modulate immunity and angiogenesis. These results indicated that MSC-CM infusion has therapeutic effects in T2DM rats and may be a promising novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Medhat Asem
- Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Koichiro Uto
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Ebara
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Graduate School of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Ahmed Nabil
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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140
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Castelli V, Antonucci I, d'Angelo M, Tessitore A, Zelli V, Benedetti E, Ferri C, Desideri G, Borlongan C, Stuppia L, Cimini A. Neuroprotective effects of human amniotic fluid stem cells-derived secretome in an ischemia/reperfusion model. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:251-266. [PMID: 33027557 PMCID: PMC7848376 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells offer the basis for the promotion of robust new therapeutic approaches for a variety of human disorders. There are still many limitations to be overcome before clinical therapeutic application, including a better understanding of the mechanism by which stem cell therapies may lead to enhanced recovery. In vitro investigations are necessary to dissect the mechanisms involved and to support the potential development in stem cell-based therapies. In spite of growing interest in human amniotic fluid stem cells, not much is known about the characteristics of their secretome and regarding the potential neuroprotective mechanism in different pathologies, including stroke. To get more insight on amniotic fluid cells therapeutic potential, signal transduction pathways activated by human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs)-derived secretome in a stroke in vitro model (ischemia/reperfusion [I/R] model) were investigated by Western blot. Moreover, miRNA expression in the exosomal fraction of the conditioned medium was analyzed. hAFSCs-derived secretome was able to activate pro-survival and anti-apoptotic pathways. MicroRNA analysis in the exosomal component revealed a panel of 16 overexpressed miRNAs involved in the regulation of coherent signaling pathways. In particular, the pathways of relevance in ischemia/reperfusion, such as neurotrophin signaling, and those related to neuroprotection and neuronal cell death, were analyzed. The results obtained strongly point toward the neuroprotective effects of the hAFSCs-conditioned medium in the in vitro stroke model here analyzed. This can be achieved by the modulation and activation of pro-survival processes, at least in part, due to the activity of secreted miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Ivana Antonucci
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences“G. d'Annunzio” UniversityChieti‐PescaraItaly
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)‘G. d'Annunzio’ UniversityChieti‐PescaraItaly
| | - Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Alessandra Tessitore
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB)University of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Veronica Zelli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB)University of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Elisabetta Benedetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Claudio Ferri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | | | - Cesar Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain RepairUniversity of South Florida College of MedicineTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences“G. d'Annunzio” UniversityChieti‐PescaraItaly
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)‘G. d'Annunzio’ UniversityChieti‐PescaraItaly
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Centre for BiotechnologyTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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141
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Evaluation of Secretome Tenogenic Potential from Adipose Stem Cells (ACS) in Hypoxic Condition with Fresh Frozen Tendon Scaffold Using Scleraxis (Scx), Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) and Collagen Type 1. JOURNAL OF BIOMIMETICS BIOMATERIALS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.49.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Various studies have been conducted to see the scaffold that supports the regeneration of tendon. This study aims to analyze thein vitrosecretome tenogenic potential produced by ASCs culture with fresh frozen tendon scaffold in hypoxic conditions. ELISA tests for Scx and IGF-1 levels in secretome were obtained from ASC culture with fresh frozen tendon scaffold under normoxic (21%) and hypoxia (2%) conditions. The immunohistochemical examination of COL-1 was also carried out on the 2ndand 6thdays of cell culture. The secretion of Scx and IGF-1 was increased in secretome from ASC cultures using a fresh frozen tendon scaffold compared with those which did not (p <0.05). In the normoxia condition, Scx and IGF-1 in secretome with fresh frozen tendons had better results than hypoxic conditions (p <0.05). The highest Scx levels were obtained in culture on the 6thday (p <0.05), while the highest IGF-1 levels were obtained in the culture on the 2ndday (p <0.05). There was an increase in the secretion of Scx and IGF-1 from ASC cultures with fresh frozen tendon scaffold under the hypoxic condition of 2%.
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142
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Chouaib B, Collart-Dutilleul PY, Blanc-Sylvestre N, Younes R, Gergely C, Raoul C, Scamps F, Cuisinier F, Romieu O. Identification of secreted factors in dental pulp cell-conditioned medium optimized for neuronal growth. Neurochem Int 2021; 144:104961. [PMID: 33465470 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
With their potent regenerative and protective capacities, stem cell-derived conditioned media emerged as an effective alternative to cell therapy, and have a prospect to be manufactured as pharmaceutical products for tissue regeneration applications. Our study investigates the neuroregenerative potential of human dental pulp cells (DPCs) conditioned medium (CM) and defines an optimization strategy of DPC-CM for enhanced neuronal outgrowth. Primary sensory neurons from mouse dorsal root ganglia were cultured with or without DPC-CM, and the lengths of βIII-tubulin positive neurites were measured. The impacts of several manufacturing features as the duration of cell conditioning, CM storage, and preconditioning of DPCs with some factors on CM functional activity were assessed on neurite length. We observed that DPC-CM significantly enhanced neurites outgrowth of sensory neurons in a concentration-dependent manner. The frozen storage of DPC-CM had no impact on experimental outcomes and 48 h of DPC conditioning is optimal for an effective activity of CM. To further understand the regenerative feature of DPC-CM, we studied DPC secretome by human growth factor antibody array analysis and revealed the presence of several factors involved in either neurogenesis, neuroprotection, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. The conditioning of DPCs with the B-27 supplement enhanced significantly the neuroregenerative effect of their secretome by changing its composition in growth factors. Here, we show that DPC-CM significantly stimulate neurite outgrowth in primary sensory neurons. Moreover, we identified secreted protein candidates that can potentially promote this promising regenerative feature of DPC-CM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Richard Younes
- LBN, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France; The Neuroscience Institute of Montpellier, Inserm UMR1051, Univ Montpellier, Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Cédric Raoul
- The Neuroscience Institute of Montpellier, Inserm UMR1051, Univ Montpellier, Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Scamps
- The Neuroscience Institute of Montpellier, Inserm UMR1051, Univ Montpellier, Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
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143
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Mahmood A, Seetharaman R, Kshatriya P, Patel D, Srivastava AS. Stem Cell Transplant for Advanced Stage Liver Disorders: Current Scenario and Future Prospects. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:6276-6293. [PMID: 31584360 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191004161802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic Liver Disorders (CLD), caused by the lifestyle patterns like alcoholism or by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or because of virus-mediated hepatitis, affect a large population fraction across the world. CLD progresses into end-stage diseases with a high mortality rate. Liver transplant is the only approved treatment available for such end-stage disease patients. However, the number of liver transplants is limited due to the limited availability of suitable donors and the extremely high cost of performing the procedure. Under such circumstances, Stem Cell (SC) mediated liver regeneration has emerged as a potential therapeutic alternative approach. OBJECTIVE This review aims to critically analyze the current status and future prospects of stem cellbased interventions for end-stage liver diseases. The clinical studies undertaken, the mechanism underlying therapeutic effects and future directions have been examined. METHOD The clinical trial databases were searched at https://clinicaltrials.gov.in and http://www.isrctn.com to identify randomized, non-randomized and controlled studies undertaken with keywords such as "liver disorder and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)", "liver cirrhosis and MSCs" and "liver disorder and SCs". Furthermore, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ database was also explored with similar keywords for finding the available reports and their critical analyses. RESULTS The search results yielded a significant number of studies that used bone marrow-derived stem cells, MSCs and hepatocytes. The studies clearly indicated that SCs play a key role in the hepatoprotection process by some mechanisms involving anti-inflammation, auto-immune-suppression, angiogenesis and anti-apoptosis. Further, studies indicated that SCs derived paracrine factors promote angiogenesis, reduce inflammation and inhibit hepatocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSION The SC-based interventions provide a significant improvement in patients with CLD; however, there is a need for randomized, controlled studies with the analysis of a long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anand S Srivastava
- Global Institute of Stem Cell Therapy and Research, 4660 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92122, United States
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144
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Gwam C, Mohammed N, Ma X. Stem cell secretome, regeneration, and clinical translation: a narrative review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:70. [PMID: 33553363 PMCID: PMC7859812 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is a field growing in popularity due to high hopes for stimulating in situ tissue restoration. Stem cell therapy remain at the center of regenerative medicine, due to early reports on its pluripotent differentiating capability. However, more recent reports suggest the paracrine activity of stem cells, and not direct differentiation, as the cause of its therapeutic effects. This paracrine activity can be harnessed in the form of conditioned media. Despite these capabilities, the clinical translation of stem cell conditioned media (i.e., secretome) is precluded by a variety of factors. These limitations include standardization of stem cell-conditioned media formulation, characterization of bioactive factors in conditioned media and dosing, optimizing modes of delivery, and uncovering of mechanisms of action of stem cell conditioned media. The purpose of this review is to provide a focused narration on the aforementioned preclusions pertaining to the clinical translation of stem cell conditioned media. Specifically, we will report on commonly use methodologies for the development of stem cell conditioned media, modalities for conditioned media characterization, modes of delivery, and postulated mechanisms of action for stem cell conditioned media in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwuweike Gwam
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Nequesha Mohammed
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Xue Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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145
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Kingsbury C, Stuppia L. Stem cell secretome derived from human amniotic fluid affords neuroprotection in an ischemic model. Brain Circ 2021; 7:18-22. [PMID: 34084972 PMCID: PMC8057106 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_8_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) are growing in interest; yet, little is understood about their secretome and neuroprotective actions in different diseases, including stroke. When stem cells are grown in vitro, they release an array of cytokines and growth factors that can stimulate neuroprotective processes. Furthermore, administering secretome rather than cells may be a safer route for patients who are at risk for rejection, promoting innate restorative processes. Current literature implicates that the miRNA contents of such secretome, more specifically exosomes, may regulate the effectiveness of secretome administration. In this review, we explore what factors may promote pro-survival and pro-apoptotic pathways after the administration of hAFSCs-derived secretome in ischemic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase Kingsbury
- Judy Genshaft Honors College, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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146
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Cheng A, Choi D, Lora M, Shum-Tim D, Rak J, Colmegna I. Human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells cytokine priming promotes RAB27B-regulated secretion of small extracellular vesicles with immunomodulatory cargo. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:539. [PMID: 33317598 PMCID: PMC7734842 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02050-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The paracrine effects of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are mediated by their secretome composed by soluble factors (i.e., cytokines, growth factors, hormones) and extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs promote intercellular communication, and the EV cargoes [e.g., proteins, soluble factors, microRNAs (miRNAs), messenger RNA (mRNA), DNA] reflect the molecular and functional characteristics of their parental cells. MSC-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) are currently evaluated as subcellular therapeutics. A key function of the MSC secretome is its ability to promote immune tolerance (i.e., immunopotency), a property that is enhanced by priming approaches (e.g., cytokines, hypoxia, chemicals) and inversely correlates with the age of the MSC donors. We evaluated mechanisms underlying MSC vesiculation and the effects of inflammation and aging on this process. Methods We evaluated the effects of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) on human adipose-derived MSC: (a) vesiculation (custom RT2 Profiler PCR Array), (b) EV profiles (Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis and Nanoparticle Flow Cytometry), (c) EV cargo (proteomic analysis and Western blot analysis), and (d) immunopotency (standard MSC:CD4 T cell proliferation inhibition assay). We confirmed the role of RAB27B on MSC vesiculation (RAB27B siRNA) and assessed its differential contribution to vesiculation in adult and pediatric MSCs (qPCR). Results Cytokine priming upregulated RAB27B in adipose-derived MSCs increasing their secretion of exosome-like small EVs (sEVs; < 200 nm) containing two key mediators of immunopotency: A20 and TSG-6. These EVs inhibited T cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. RAB27B siRNA inhibited MSC vesiculation. Adipose-derived MSCs isolated from pediatric donors exhibited higher RAB27B expression and secreted more sEVs than adult MSCs. Conclusions Cytokine priming is a useful strategy to harvest anti-inflammatory MSC-sEVs for clinical applications. Of relevance, donor age should be considered in the selection of MSC-sEVs for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Cheng
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Office # EM2-3238, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Dongsic Choi
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Office # EM2-3238, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Maximilien Lora
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Office # EM2-3238, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Dominique Shum-Tim
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Janusz Rak
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Office # EM2-3238, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Inés Colmegna
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Office # EM2-3238, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada. .,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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147
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O'Neill EN, Cosenza ZA, Baar K, Block DE. Considerations for the development of cost-effective cell culture media for cultivated meat production. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 20:686-709. [PMID: 33325139 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Innovation in cultivated meat development has been rapidly accelerating in recent years because it holds the potential to help attenuate issues facing production of dietary protein for a growing world population. There are technical obstacles still hindering large-scale commercialization of cultivated meat, of which many are related to the media that are used to culture the muscle, fat, and connective tissue cells. While animal cell culture media has been used and refined for roughly a century, it has not been specifically designed with the requirements of cultivated meat in mind. Perhaps the most common industrial use of animal cell culture is currently the production of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, which sell for orders of magnitude more than meat. Successful production of cultivated meat requires media that is food grade with minimal cost, can regulate large-scale cell proliferation and differentiation, has acceptable sensory qualities, and is animal ingredient-free. Much insight into strategies for achieving media formulations with these qualities can be obtained from knowledge of conventional culture media applications and from the metabolic pathways involved in myogenesis and protein synthesis. In addition, application of principles used to optimize media for large-scale microbial fermentation processes producing lower value commodity chemicals and food ingredients can also be instructive. As such, the present review shall provide an overview of the current understanding of cell culture media as it relates to cultivated meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward N O'Neill
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Zachary A Cosenza
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Keith Baar
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - David E Block
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California
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148
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Alijani-Ghazyani Z, Roushandeh AM, Sabzevari R, Salari A, Razavi Toosi MT, Jahanian-Najafabadi A, Roudkenar MH. Conditioned medium harvested from Hif1α engineered mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates LAD-occlusion -induced injury in rat acute myocardial ischemia model. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 130:105897. [PMID: 33279679 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most common type of ischemic heart diseases with a high mortality rate. Although recent advances in medical cares and therapies have increased the patient's outcomes, but, still there is no real and effective therapeutic modality for AMI. Hence, development of novel therapeutic strategies is under focus of investigations. MSCs-based therapy has been proposed for AMI, though its efficacy is controversial yet. It is believed that MSCs exert their healing effects via secretion of growth factors/cytokines. However, these cells produce a very minute amount of the factors under normal cultivation. Here, in an attempt to improve the potential therapeutic effect of MSCs-derived conditioned medium (CM) on AMI, we transfected the cells with a recombinant plasmid encoding Hif1α-3A (a mutant form of Hif1α stable under normoxic condition), so Hif1α expression and secretion into CM (MSCs-Hif1α-CM) could be up-regulated under normoxic condition. The therapeutic potential of the MSCs-Hif1α-3A-CM was investigated in a rat model of AMI and compared to the CM harvested from non-manipulated MSCs. Our results showed that the MSCs-Hif1α-3A-CM mitigated MI-induced tissues injury, decreased fibrosis, reduced apoptosis, and limited infarct area size. These findings propose a potential therapeutic strategy for treatment of AMI. However, further preclinical and clinical investigations in this regard are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Alijani-Ghazyani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Anatomical Sciences Department, Medicine Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Reza Sabzevari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arsalan Salari
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Razavi Toosi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Jahanian-Najafabadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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149
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Li Z, Zhang J, Li M, Tang L, Liu H. Concentrated nanofat: a modified fat extraction promotes hair growth in mice via the stem cells and extracellular matrix components interaction. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1184. [PMID: 33241033 PMCID: PMC7576054 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Fat graft transplantation seems a promising cell therapy for hair loss. However, impurities in lipoaspirate weaken the treatment effect. Here, we developed the lipoaspirate extraction method then investigate the effect and mechanism on hair growth-promoting in a mouse model. Methods Fat graft was prepared into concentrated nanofat (CNF), decellularized CNF (DCNF), and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). They were injected subcutaneously in the back of depilated mice to test the hair promoting effect. Conditioned media (CM) from the adipose extracts were applied to dermal papilla cells (DPCs) to evaluate the cell viability and the anagen related signal. Results CNF and a high dose of ADSCs promoted hair growth and induced telogen-to-anagen transition in depilated mice. DCNF and a low dose of ADSCs did not show such effect; however, hair growth was promoted when they were used in combination. In vitro study showed the CNF-CM treated DPCs exhibited increased proliferation, migration, cell cycle progression, and elevated Wnt/β-catenin pathway protein levels compared with the other treatment groups. Conclusions CNF has a better effect than ADSCs in hair promotion via activating the DPCs and anagen induction. In this nature complex of stem cells (SCs) and extracellular matrix (ECM), ECM serves a significant supplementary role and amplifies the power of ADSCs. These results supply a theoretical basis on the clinical application of CNF to treat hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Innovative Technology Research Institute of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinrong Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Innovative Technology Research Institute of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingzhi Tang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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150
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Taghiabadi E, Nilforoushzadeh MA, Aghdami N. Maintaining Hair Inductivity in Human Dermal Papilla Cells: A Review of Effective Methods. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 33:280-292. [PMID: 33053562 DOI: 10.1159/000510152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The dermal papilla comprises mesenchymal cells in hair follicles, which play the main role in regulating hair growth. Maintaining the potential hair inductivity of dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and dermal sheath cells during cell culture is the main factor in in vitro morphogenesis and regeneration of hair follicles. Using common methods for the cultivation of human dermal papilla reduces the maintenance requirements of the inductive capacity of the dermal papilla and the expression of specific dermal papilla biomarkers. Optimizing culture conditions is therefore crucial for DPCs. Moreover, exosomes appear to play a key role in regulating the hair follicle growth through a paracrine mechanism and provide a functional method for treating hair loss. The present review investigated the biology of DPCs, the molecular and cell signaling mechanisms contributing to hair follicle growth in humans, the properties of the dermal papilla, and the effective techniques in maintaining hair inductivity in DPC cultures in humans as well as hair follicle bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Taghiabadi
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nasser Aghdami
- Department of Regenerative medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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