101
|
rs2569190A>G in CD14 is Independently Associated with Hypercholesterolemia: A Brief Report. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2019; 6:jcdd6040037. [PMID: 31671579 PMCID: PMC6955813 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd6040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have assessed the implication of cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) molecules and its single nucleotide polymorphism rs2569190A>G with different complex diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this study, we investigated the association of rs2569190A>G in CD14 with cardiovascular disease risk factors (hypercholesterolemia and hypertension) in 460 individuals from the general Lebanese population (Middle Eastern multiethnic population). Using a multiple logistic regression model adjusted for six covariates (under additive and recessive assumptions), we found that the G allele of rs2569190 in CD14 was associated with increased levels of total cholesterol (OR = 3.10, p = 0.009), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 3.87, p = 0.003), and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 0.38, p = 0.001). In contrast, no significant relationship was found with hypertension. Thus, we concluded that rs2569190G in CD14 is associated with a higher risk of developing hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
|
102
|
Nagarathna R, Tyagi R, Kaur G, Vendan V, Acharya IN, Anand A, Singh A, Nagendra HR. Efficacy of a Validated Yoga Protocol on Dyslipidemia in Diabetes Patients: NMB-2017 India Trial. MEDICINES 2019; 6:medicines6040100. [PMID: 31614579 PMCID: PMC6963794 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6040100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Dyslipidemia is considered a risk factor in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) resulting in cardio-vascular complications. Yoga practices have shown promising results in alleviating Type 2 Diabetes pathology. Method: In this stratified trial on a Yoga based lifestyle program in cases with Type 2 diabetes, in the rural and urban population from all zones of India, a total of 17,012 adults (>20 years) of both genders were screened for lipid profile and sugar levels. Those who satisfied the selection criteria were taught the Diabetes Yoga Protocol (DYP) for three months and the data were analyzed. Results: Among those with Diabetes, 29.1% had elevated total cholesterol (TC > 200 mg/dL) levels that were higher in urban (69%) than rural (31%) Diabetes patients. There was a positive correlation (p = 0.048) between HbA1c and total cholesterol levels. DYP intervention helped in reducing TC from 232.34 ± 31.48 mg/dL to 189.38 ± 40.23 mg/dL with significant pre post difference (p < 0.001). Conversion rate from high TC (>200 mg/dL) to normal TC (<200 mg/dL) was observed in 60.3% of cases with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM); from high LDL (>130 mg/dL) to normal LDL (<130 mg/dL) in 73.7%; from high triglyceride (>200 mg/dL) to normal triglyceride level (<200 mg/dL) in 63%; from low HDL (<45 mg/dL) to normal HDL (>45 mg/dL) in 43.7% of T2DM patients after three months of DYP. Conclusions: A Yoga lifestyle program designed specifically to manage Diabetes helps in reducing the co-morbidity of dyslipidemia in cases of patients with T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahul Tyagi
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | - Gurkeerat Kaur
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | - Vetri Vendan
- Swami Vivekananda Yoga Research Foundation, Bengaluru 560105, India.
| | - Ishwara N Acharya
- Director, Central Council for Research in Yoga & Naturopathy (CCRYN), Delhi 110058, India.
| | - Akshay Anand
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | - Amit Singh
- Swami Vivekananda Yoga Research Foundation, Bengaluru 560105, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
103
|
Xie T, Stathopoulou MG, Akbar S, Oster T, Siest G, Yen FT, Visvikis-Siest S. Effect of LSR polymorphism on blood lipid levels and age-specific epistatic interaction with the APOE common polymorphism. Clin Genet 2019; 93:846-852. [PMID: 29178324 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The lipolysis stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) is an apolipoprotein (Apo) B and ApoE receptor that participates in the removal of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins during the postprandial phase. LSR gene is located upstream of APOE, an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Since the APOE common polymorphism significantly affects the variability of lipid metabolism, this study aimed to determine the potential impact of a functional SNP rs916147 in LSR gene on lipid traits in healthy subjects and to investigate potential epistatic interaction between LSR and APOE. Unrelated healthy adults (N = 432) and children (N = 328, <18 years old) from the STANISLAS Family Study were used. Age-specific epistasis was observed between APOE and LSR, reversing the protective effect of APOE ε2 allele on cholesterol, ApoE and low-density lipoprotein levels (β: .114, P: .777 × 10-8 , β: .125, P: .639 × 10-3 , β: .059, P: .531 × 10-3 , respectively). This interaction was verified in an independent adult population (n = 1744). These results highlight the importance of the LSR polymorphism and reveal the existence of complex molecular links between LSR and ApoE for the regulation of lipid levels, revealing potential new pathways of interest in type III hyperlipidemia and its involvement in CVD pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Xie
- UMR INSERM, Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - M G Stathopoulou
- UMR INSERM, Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - S Akbar
- UMR INSERM, Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,EA3998 INRA USC 0340 UR AFPA, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - T Oster
- EA3998 INRA USC 0340 UR AFPA, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - G Siest
- UMR INSERM, Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - F T Yen
- EA3998 INRA USC 0340 UR AFPA, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - S Visvikis-Siest
- UMR INSERM, Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, CHU Nancy-Brabois, Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Jayachandran M, Chung SSM, Xu B. A critical review on diet-induced microbiota changes and cardiovascular diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2914-2925. [PMID: 31552753 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1666792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) commonly denote the disorders that generally occur as a result of unhealthy food habits. Heart failure, cerebrovascular illness, rheumatic heart disease are the common CVDs. The prevalence of CVD is increased considerably in recent decades upon unhealthy food habits and varied alternative factors such as diabetes, smoking and excessive use of alcohol. A change into a healthy food habit can reverse the strategy during a course of time.Objectives of the study: The objective of this review is to summarize the research findings and elaborate the relationship between the diet, gut microbiota, and CVD.Results: The dietary products containing the least saturated, trans-fat and cholesterol have the tendency to scale back the burden of CVDs, for instance, vegetables and fruits. The potential reason for the cardioprotective activity of the diet ought to be its high-unsaturated fatty acid composition and less saturated fat. Recent studies have found that gut microbiota plays a key role in mediating disease prevention. The metabolism of dietary products into varied bioactive metabolites is regulated by gut microbiota. The contributory role of gut microbiota in dietary metabolism and CVD prevention studies are increasing with promising outcomes.Conclusion: Hence, the review was proposed to reach the researchers within this field of study and share the available knowledge in gut microbiota-mediated CVD prevention. In our current review, we have updated all the research findings within the field of diet-mediated cardiovascular prevention through gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muthukumaran Jayachandran
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Stephen Sum Man Chung
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Parvin A, Yaghmaei P, Noureddini M, Haeri Roohani SA, Aminzadeh S. Comparative effects of quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract of Otostegia persica boiss with atorvastatin on atherosclerosis complication in male wistar rats. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:2875-2887. [PMID: 31572581 PMCID: PMC6766565 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of herbal remedies is significantly considered in the atherosclerosis treatment, reduction of fatty elements, and prevention of activity of oxidative stress factors. The present study was conducted on 48 rats in 6 groups. The experimental and sham groups were fed with 2% cholesterol for 40 days; and experimental groups were separately treated by atorvastatin, quercetin, and hydroalcoholic extract for 4 weeks. After treatment procedure, some serum factors such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated. Serum levels of LDL, TC, MDA, and ROS were significantly lower in experimental groups than sham group (p < .01). There was a significant decrease in serum MDA levels of these two groups in comparison with the atorvastatin-treated group (p < .05). Blood pressure parameters were decreased in treated with quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract in comparison with the sham group (p < .05). Quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract similar to atorvastatin could decrease serum lipids [except high-density lipoprotein (HDL)], oxidative stress factors, aorta contraction, weight gain, and blood pressure. These reagents improved the vascular structure and prevented the plaque formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Parvin
- Department of Biology, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mehdi Noureddini
- Physiology Research CenterKashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran
- Gametogenesis Research CeneterKashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran
| | | | - Saeed Aminzadeh
- Bioprocess Engineering Research GroupNational Institute of Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyTehranIran
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Microfluidic-Based Biosensor for Sequential Measurement of Blood Pressure and RBC Aggregation Over Continuously Varying Blood Flows. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10090577. [PMID: 31480325 PMCID: PMC6780160 DOI: 10.3390/mi10090577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of red blood cells (RBCs) varies substantially depending on changes of several factors such as hematocrit, membrane deformability, and plasma proteins. Among these factors, hematocrit has a strong influence on the aggregation of RBCs. Thus, while measuring RBCs aggregation, it is necessary to monitor hematocrit or, additionally, the effect of hematocrit (i.e., blood viscosity or pressure). In this study, the sequential measurement method of pressure and RBC aggregation is proposed by quantifying blood flow (i.e., velocity and image intensity) through a microfluidic device, in which an air-compressed syringe (ACS) is used to control the sample injection. The microfluidic device used is composed of two channels (pressure channel (PC), and blood channel (BC)), an inlet, and an outlet. A single ACS (i.e., air suction = 0.4 mL, blood suction = 0.4 mL, and air compression = 0.3 mL) is employed to supply blood into the microfluidic channel. At an initial time (t < 10 s), the pressure index (PI) is evaluated by analyzing the intensity of microscopy images of blood samples collected inside PC. During blood delivery with ACS, shear rates of blood flows vary continuously over time. After a certain amount of time has elapsed (t > 30 s), two RBC aggregation indices (i.e., SEAI: without information on shear rate, and erythrocyte aggregation index (EAI): with information on shear rate) are quantified by analyzing the image intensity and velocity field of blood flow in BC. According to experimental results, PI depends significantly on the characteristics of the blood samples (i.e., hematocrit or base solutions) and can be used effectively as an alternative to blood viscosity. In addition, SEAI and EAI also depend significantly on the degree of RBC aggregation. In conclusion, on the basis of three indices (two RBC aggregation indices and pressure index), the proposed method is capable of measuring RBCs aggregation consistently using a microfluidic device.
Collapse
|
107
|
Mason AE, Saslow LR, Moran PJ, Kim S, Abousleiman H, Richler R, Schleicher S, Goldman VM, Hartman A, Leung C, Hartogensis W, Hecht FM. Lipid findings from the Diabetes Education to Lower Insulin, Sugars, and Hunger (DELISH) Study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:58. [PMID: 31467583 PMCID: PMC6712717 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A carbohydrate-restricted (CR) diet can improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are concerns, however, that the high dietary fat content of CR diets can increase low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), thus increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Quantifying CVD risk associated with changes in LDL-C in the context of CR diets is complicated by the fact that LDL-C reflects heterogeneous lipids. For example, small LDL particle number (sLDL-P) is more closely associated with CVD risk than is total LDL-C, and CR diets tend to decrease the proportion of sLDL-C in LDL-C, which standard lipid measures do not indicate. Advanced lipoprotein assays, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) testing, can subfractionate lipoproteins by size and density and may better depict the effects of CR diets on CVD risk. Methods Adults (N = 58) with T2DM (n = 37 women; baseline HbA1c ≥ 6.5%) completed a 6-month group-based CR diet intervention. We obtained a standard lipid panel, advanced lipoprotein assays (NMR testing), and two 24-h diet recalls at baseline and post-intervention (6 months). Participants also completed home-based blood ketone testing (a biological index of dietary adherence) during the final five weeks of the intervention. Results From baseline to post-intervention, participants had increased mean HDL-C, decreased triglycerides and triglyceride/HDL ratio, decreased mean sLDL-P, and increased LDL size, which reflect reductions in CVD risk (ps < 0.05). Participants did not have statistically significant changes in total cholesterol, non-HDL-C cholesterol, LDL-P, or HDL-P. Twelve participants (23.1%) had a ≥ 5% increase in sLDL-P. Exploratory analyses revealed that participants with sLDL-P increases of ≥ 5% reported larger increases in servings of red meat than participants without sLDL-P increases of ≥ 5% (+ 0.69 vs − 0.29 servings; p = 0.033). Changes in saturated fat intake were not associated with changes in sLDL-P. Conclusions Among most participants, we observed changes in several lipid measures consistent with decreased CVD risk. Approximately one in four participants evidenced increases in sLDL-P. Further research should clarify whether individuals with increased sLDL-P after implementing a CR diet can reverse observed increases by limiting red meat consumption. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03207711, Registered 6/11/2017. Retrospectively registered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E Mason
- 1UCSF Department of Psychiatry, Center for Health and Community, San Francisco, CA USA.,2UCSF Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, 1545 Divisadero Street, Suite 301, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| | - Laura R Saslow
- 3Department of Health Behavioral and Biological Sciences, The University of Michigan, School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Patricia J Moran
- 2UCSF Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, 1545 Divisadero Street, Suite 301, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| | - Sarah Kim
- 4UCSF Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Hiba Abousleiman
- 2UCSF Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, 1545 Divisadero Street, Suite 301, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| | - Robert Richler
- 2UCSF Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, 1545 Divisadero Street, Suite 301, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| | | | - Veronica M Goldman
- 2UCSF Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, 1545 Divisadero Street, Suite 301, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| | - Alison Hartman
- 6Department of Psychology, Drexel University, College of Arts and Sciences, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Cindy Leung
- 7Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Wendy Hartogensis
- 2UCSF Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, 1545 Divisadero Street, Suite 301, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| | - Frederick M Hecht
- 2UCSF Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, 1545 Divisadero Street, Suite 301, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Iyngkaran P, Noaman S, Chan W, Mahadavan G, Thomas MC, Rajendran S. Non-invasive Risk Stratification for Coronary Artery Disease: Is It Time for Subclassifications? Curr Cardiol Rep 2019; 21:87. [PMID: 31342185 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-019-1174-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading contributor to cardiovascular disease; it is the most prevalent non-communicable disease globally and has high morbidity, mortality and health care cost. Risk stratification is defined as prevention or containment of disease prior to it occurring or progressing, and non-invasive surrogates include history, examination, biomarkers and non-invasive imaging. This review aims to highlight advancement in current diagnostic strategies and explores gaps for CAD secondary to atherosclerosis and non-obstructive vascular diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Cardiac risk scores have largely proven inadequate in risk stratifying heterogeneous patient populations. Greater emphasis should also be provided to posttest risk stratification. Non-invasive imaging with MRI is the most accurate but least cost efficacious presently due to availability and expertise. Echocardiography and nuclear imaging have good accuracy, but radiation limits the latter. Novel echocardiographic technologies may increase its appeal. Cardiac CT angiography is increasingly promising. Non-invasive and minimally invasive imaging has significantly influenced the cost-efficacy trajectory of coronary artery disease diagnosis and management. Recent studies suggest that future guidelines will incorporate more subclassifications from the findings of these novel technologies and for more diverse patient demographics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pupalan Iyngkaran
- Consultant Cardiologist Heart West Melbourne Victoria and Senior Lecturer, NT Medical School, Flinders University, Darwin, Australia.
| | | | - William Chan
- University of Melbourne; Consultant & Interventional Cardiologist Alfred/Western/ Epworth, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gnanadevan Mahadavan
- Northern and Central Adelaide Local Network, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Merlin C Thomas
- Biochemistry of Diabetes Complications, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sharmalar Rajendran
- Northern and Central Adelaide Local Network, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Vianello E, Dozio E, Bandera F, Schmitz G, Nebuloni M, Longhi E, Tacchini L, Guazzi M, Corsi Romanelli MM. Dysfunctional EAT thickness may promote maladaptive heart remodeling in CVD patients through the ST2-IL33 system, directly related to EPAC protein expression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10331. [PMID: 31316160 PMCID: PMC6637132 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46676-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) secretome can influence the heart’s stretch response. However, the molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to clarify how dysfunctional EAT promotes maladaptive heart remodeling in cardiovascular disease (CVD) through ST2 production associated with exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) proteins. A series of 55 CVD males were enrolled and their EAT thickness, LV mass and volumes were measured by echocardiography. Blood, plasma and EAT biopsies were collected for molecular and proteomic assays. Taking EAT thickness as a continuous variable there was a direct correlation between the ST2 cardiac stretch mediator and EAT thickness (r = 0.54, p < 0.01) and an inverse relation between the ST2 gene and IL-33 expression (r −0.50, p < 0.01). In the CVD population EPAC2 expression directly correlated with the ST2 gene (r = 0.74, p < 0.0001) causing an ST2/IL-33 system local (p < 0.001) and systemic (sST2 = 57.33 ± 3.22 and IL-33 = 0.53 ± 017 pg/mL; p < 0.0001) protein imbalance associated with maladaptive remodeling. This indicated that dysfunctional EAT is a source of both EPAC and ST2 protein and an EPAC2 isoform seems involved in ST2 production in adipose tissue. Both EPAC2 and ST2 expression were directly related to maladaptive heart remodeling indices, suggesting EAT measurements could be useful in the early assessment of CVD complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vianello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elena Dozio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bandera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Cardiology University Department, Heart Failure Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Nebuloni
- U.O.C. of Surgical Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Longhi
- U.O.C. of Surgical Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Tacchini
- Cardiology University Department, Heart Failure Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Guazzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Cardiology University Department, Heart Failure Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Marco Corsi Romanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,U.O.C. SMEL-1 of Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Ellul S, Wake M, Clifford SA, Lange K, Würtz P, Juonala M, Dwyer T, Carlin JB, Burgner DP, Saffery R. Metabolomics: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11-12 years and their parents. BMJ Open 2019; 9:106-117. [PMID: 31273021 PMCID: PMC6624050 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics is high throughput and cost-effective, with the potential to improve the understanding of disease and risk. We examine the circulating metabolic profile by quantitative NMR metabolomics of a sample of Australian 11-12 year olds children and their parents, describe differences by age and sex, and explore the correlation of metabolites in parent-child dyads. DESIGN The population-based cross-sectional Child Health CheckPoint study nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. SETTING Blood samples collected from CheckPoint participants at assessment centres in seven Australian cities and eight regional towns; February 2015-March 2016. PARTICIPANTS 1180 children and 1325 parents provided a blood sample and had metabolomics data available. This included 1133 parent-child dyads (518 mother-daughter, 469 mother-son, 68 father-daughter and 78 father-son). OUTCOME MEASURES 228 metabolic measures were obtained for each participant. We focused on 74 biomarkers including amino acid species, lipoprotein subclass measures, lipids, fatty acids, measures related to fatty acid saturation, and composite markers of inflammation and energy homeostasis. RESULTS We identified differences in the concentration of specific metabolites between childhood and adulthood and in metabolic profiles in children and adults by sex. In general, metabolite concentrations were higher in adults than children and sex differences were larger in adults than in children. Positive correlations were observed for the majority of metabolites including isoleucine (CC 0.33, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.38), total cholesterol (CC 0.30, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.35) and omega 6 fatty acids (CC 0.28, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.34) in parent-child comparisons. CONCLUSIONS We describe the serum metabolite profiles from mid-childhood and adulthood in a population-based sample, together with a parent-child concordance. Differences in profiles by age and sex were observed. These data will be informative for investigation of the childhood origins of adult non-communicable diseases and for comparative studies in other populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Ellul
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics and The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan A Clifford
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine Lange
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Würtz
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Nightingale Health Ltd., Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Juonala
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Terence Dwyer
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - John B Carlin
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David P Burgner
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Poorzand H, Tsarouhas K, Hozhabrossadati SA, Khorrampazhouh N, Bondarsahebi Y, Bacopoulou F, Rezaee R, Jafarzadeh Esfehani R, Morovatdar N. Risk factors of premature coronary artery disease in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13124. [PMID: 31038733 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the mean age at which coronary artery disease (CAD) hase decreased in recent years in Iran. This systematic review and meta-analysis compares the prevalence of different risk factors of premature CAD (PCAD) in patients vs healthy individuals. METHODS Medline, Web of Science, Embase and Scientific Information Database were searched for studies about PCAD risk factors in Iran until 28 October 2017. Observational studies of Iranians, comparing risk factors between patients with PCAD and age- and sex-matched healthy subjects, were included. Fixed-effects and random-effects model were used for pooling data. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI and mean difference were used for effect size estimation among studies. RESULTS Twelve studies were eligible for meta-analysis. Diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.9-3.03; P = 0.0001, I2 = 25.5%; P = 0.2), family history of CAD (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.22-3.6; P = 0.007, I2 = 86%; P = 0.0001), dyslipidaemia (OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.15-3.64; P = 0.01, I2 = 54%; P = 0.08), smoking (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.11-2.46; P = 0.01, I2 = 77.2%; P = 0.000) and hypertension (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.21 to-1.50; P < 0.001, I2 = 31%, P = 0.1) associated with PCAD. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that patients with PCAD had significantly lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and significantly higher levels of triglycerides compared to healthy subjects (MD: -2.56, 95% CI: -3.54 to -1.58, P < 0.001, I2 = 42%, P = 0.01 and MD: 21.17, 95% CI: 14.73-27.62, P < 0.001, I2 = 80.12%, P < 0.001, respectively). It should be noted that although high levels of heterogeneity in LDL and HDL values among the studies were observed, when dyslipidaemia was studied as a binary variable, no significant heterogeneity among studies was observed. CONCLUSION Diabetes mellitus, family history of CAD, dyslipidaemia, smoking, and hypertension were significantly and positively associated with CAD in young adults compared to healthy age- and sex-matched population in Iran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoorak Poorzand
- Atherosclerosis Prevention Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Konstantinos Tsarouhas
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece.,Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Nastaran Khorrampazhouh
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yones Bondarsahebi
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Flora Bacopoulou
- Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, University Campus, Thessaloniki, Greece.,HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Reza Jafarzadeh Esfehani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negar Morovatdar
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Acacia Senegal (Gum Arabic) Supplementation Modulate Lipid Profile and Ameliorated Dyslipidemia among Sickle Cell Anemia Patients. J Lipids 2019; 2019:3129461. [PMID: 31316836 PMCID: PMC6604417 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3129461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited haemolytic anemia with a variable course and severity. Knowledge of prognostic biomarkers may help in the establishment of therapeutic intervention, management, and follow-up of patients. There have been scattered reports of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and increased triglyceride (TG) in SCD patients. In addition, TG levels have been suggested to be elevated in patients with increased endothelial activation. An increased TG level has been associated with haemolysis, vascular dysfunction, and increased prevalence of pulmonary hypertension. Gum Arabic (GA) is an edible, dried, gummy exudate from the acacia Senegal tree. Several studies on GA ingestion have shown reduced plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations in both animals and humans. We investigated GA's therapeutic potential to modulate serum lipids in patients with sickle cell anemia. Methods This study recruited and documented secondary outcomes in 47 patients (aged 5–42 years) carrying hemoglobin SS. The patients received 30 g/day of GA for 12 weeks. Total cholesterol, TG, LDL, and HDL were measured before and after GA intake. Cobas C311 (Roche, Germany) automated chemistry analyser was used for direct determination of the values of the lipid profile. Results GA significantly decreased total cholesterol (TC), TG, and LDL (p = 0.006, 0.04, and 0.02, resp.). GA showed no effect on HDL level. Baseline serum TG and LDL correlated significantly with the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level, which is known as an oxidative stress marker (p = 0.003 and 0.04, resp.). None of the lipid profile elements correlated with age. Conclusion Our results revealed that dyslipidemia in sickle cell patients is associated with oxidative stress but not associated with age. The findings showed that GA significantly decreased TC, LDL, and TG levels, revealing a novel effect of GA, which is considered a natural dietary fibre that can modulate lipid profile in patients with sickle cell anemia. Trial Registration This retrospective trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02467257 on 3 June, 2015.
Collapse
|
113
|
Hassan K, Mohydin B, Fawwad A, Waris N, Iqbal S, Jawaid M. Predicting the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in Pakistani population. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
114
|
Samadi S, Abolbashari S, Meshkat Z, Mohammadpour AH, Kelesidis T, Gholoobi A, Mehramiz M, Tabadkani M, Sadabadi F, Dalirfardouei R, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Avan A. Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 and risk of cardiovascular disease: High-density lipoprotein dysfunction versus serum HDL-C concentrations. Biofactors 2019; 45:374-380. [PMID: 30693992 PMCID: PMC6548577 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is thought to be protective against cardiovascular disease (CVD), and HDL dysfunction is considered to be a risk factor for CVD. It is unclear whether there is an association between Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV1) infection and CVD risk. We have assessed HDL lipid peroxidation (HDLox) as a marker of HDL dysfunction and CVD risk in a subgroup of the MASHAD cohort study. One hundred and sixty two individuals including 50 subjects positive for HTLV1 infection and 112 individuals negative for HTLV1 infection were recruited. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters including serum hs-CRP, fasted lipid profile (HDL-C, LDL, triglycerides, and cholesterol), and fasting blood glucose were determined. Serum HDLox was also measured in the study participants. Multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the association between serum HDLox and HTLV1 infection. None of the traditional CVD risk factors were associated with HTLV1 infection, including serum HDL-C. However, serum HDLox was independently associated with the presence of HTLV1 infection. Logistic regression analysis showed that subjects who were positive for HTLV1 infection were also significantly more likely than uninfected individuals to have higher HDLox (odds ratio 9.35, 95%CI: 3.5-24.7; P < 0.001). HDLox was increased approximately 20% (P < 0.001) in infected subjects compared to the uninfected group. Serum HDLox is a marker of CVD risk factor and increased in individuals affected by HTLV1 infection compared to healthy subjects. © 2019 BioFactors, 45(3):374-380, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Samadi
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samaneh Abolbashari
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Meshkat
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Theodoros Kelesidis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aida Gholoobi
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrane Mehramiz
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahla Tabadkani
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadabadi
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Dalirfardouei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Address for correspondence: Amir Avan, PhD, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Tel.: +9851138002298; Fax: +985118002287; ;
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Kurgan N, Noaman N, Pergande MR, Cologna SM, Coorssen JR, Klentrou P. Changes to the Human Serum Proteome in Response to High Intensity Interval Exercise: A Sequential Top-Down Proteomic Analysis. Front Physiol 2019; 10:362. [PMID: 31001142 PMCID: PMC6454028 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise has been shown to improve health status and prevent chronic diseases. In contrast, overtraining can lead to maladaptation and detrimental health outcomes. These outcomes appear to be mediated in part by released peptides and, potentially, alterations in protein abundances and their modified forms, termed proteoforms. Proteoform biomarkers that either predict the beneficial effects of exercise or indicate (mal)adaptation are yet to be elucidated. Thus, we assessed the influence of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on the human serum proteome to identify novel exercise-regulated proteoforms. To this end, a top-down proteomics approach was used, whereby two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to resolve and differentially profile intact proteoforms, followed by protein identification via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Blood was collected from six young-adult healthy males, pre-exercise and 5 min and 1 h post-exercise. Exercise consisted of a maximal cycle ergometer test followed by 8 min × 1 min high-intensity intervals at 90% W max, with 1 min non-active recovery between intervals. Twenty resolved serum proteoforms changed significantly in abundance at 5 min and/or 1 h post-HIIE, including apolipoproteins, serpins (protease inhibitors), and immune system proteins, known to have broad anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, involvement in lipid clearance, and cardio-/neuro-protective effects. This initial screening for potential biomarkers indicates that a top-down analytical proteomic approach may prove useful in further characterizing the response to exercise and in understanding the molecular mechanisms that lead to health benefits, as well as identifying novel biomarkers for exercise (mal)adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Kurgan
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Nour Noaman
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Department of Molecular Physiology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Melissa R. Pergande
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Stephanie M. Cologna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jens R. Coorssen
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Panagiota Klentrou
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Molecular Fingerprints of Iron Parameters among a Population-Based Sample. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111800. [PMID: 30463274 PMCID: PMC6266982 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency is the most frequent deficiency disease and parameters of iron metabolism appear to be linked to major metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. We screened a large set of small molecules in plasma for associations with iron status among apparently healthy subjects to elucidate subclinical profiles which may provide a link between iron status and onset of diseases. Based on mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy we determined 613 plasma metabolites and lipoprotein subfractions among 820 apparently healthy individuals. Associations between ferritin, transferrin, haemoglobin and myoglobin and metabolite levels were tested by sex-specific linear regression analyses controlling for common confounders. Far more significant associations in women (82 out of 102) compared to men became obvious. The majority of the metabolites associated with serum ferritin and haemoglobin in women comprising fatty acid species, branched-chain amino acid catabolites and catabolites of heme. The latter was also obvious among men. Positive associations between serum transferrin and VLDL and IDL particle measures seen in women were observed in men with respect to serum ferritin. We observed a sexual-dimorphic fingerprint of surrogates of iron metabolism which may provide a link for the associations between those parameters and major metabolic and cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
|
117
|
Zhao P, Wu H, Zhong Z, Zhang Q, Zhong W, Li B, Li C, Liu Z, Yang M. Expression profiles of long noncoding RNAs and mRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12604. [PMID: 30313048 PMCID: PMC6203524 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most serious type of coronary atherosclerotic diseases. The incidence of AMI in some countries increases year by year, and shows younger trend. Some study indicated that abnormal expression of lncRNAs was closely related to cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to examine the lncRNA expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with AMI through controlled studies.In the present study, we examined the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in 8 patients with AMI, with 7 NCA (noncoronary artery) subjects as controls using RNA sequencing protocol (RNA-seq) on the Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were selected for bioinformatic analysis including gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG). Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to confirm the differential expression of lncRNAs.We kept about 11.29 gigabase (Gb) high-quality sequence data while the Q30 ranged from 94.39% to 95.19% for each sample. Compared to the lncRNA expression profiles of NCA controls, a total of 106 differentially expressed lncRNAs were discriminated in AMI patients, including 40 upregulated lncRNAs and 66 downregulated lncRNAs (P < .05). Among the genes corresponding to the identified mRNAs, 2905 genes are involved in biological processes, 339 in cellular components, and 501 in molecular functions. Based on the KEGG pathway analysis, the most enriched pathways corresponding to the differentially expressed lncRNAs were associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, alcoholism, oxidative phosphorylation, Parkinson's disease and viral carcinogenesis, and so on. Further, 3 upregulated and 3 downregulated lncRNAs were randomly selected for qRT-PCR verification and the results of qRT-PCR were consistent with the findings obtained from RNA sequencing analysis.As a result, differential expression profiles of lncRNAs in AMI were identified in our study. The results suggested that lncRNAs may play important roles in the biological and pathological processes of AMI. These findings may provide useful reference for the early diagnosis and risk stratification of AMI patients. To enlarge the sample size in the next step will be needed for further research to confirm our results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pingsen Zhao
- Clinical Core Laboratory
- Center for Precision Medicine
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Major Genetic Disorders, Meizhou, PR China
| | - Heming Wu
- Clinical Core Laboratory
- Center for Precision Medicine
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Major Genetic Disorders, Meizhou, PR China
| | - Zhixiong Zhong
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Qifeng Zhang
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Wei Zhong
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Bin Li
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Cunren Li
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Min Yang
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Plasma Energy-Balance Metabolites Discriminate Asymptomatic Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:2760272. [PMID: 30327580 PMCID: PMC6171256 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2760272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common disease affecting 20-25% of population over 60 years old. Early diagnosis is difficult because symptoms only become evident in advanced stages of the disease. Inflammation, impaired metabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction predispose to PAD, which is normally associated with other highly prevalent and related conditions, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. We have measured energy-balance-associated metabolite concentrations in the plasma of PAD patients segregated by the severity of the disease and in plasma of healthy volunteers using a quantitative and targeted metabolomic approach. We found relevant associations between several metabolites (3-hydroxybutirate, aconitate, (iso)citrate, glutamate, and serine) with markers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Metabolomic profiling also revealed that (iso)citrate and glutamate are metabolites with high ability to discriminate between healthy participants and PAD patients without symptoms. Collectively, our data suggest that metabolomics provide significant information on the pathogenesis of PAD and useful biomarkers for the diagnosis and assessment of progression.
Collapse
|
119
|
Kang YJ. Microfluidic-Based Technique for Measuring RBC Aggregation and Blood Viscosity in a Continuous and Simultaneous Fashion. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E467. [PMID: 30424400 PMCID: PMC6187833 DOI: 10.3390/mi9090467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hemorheological properties such as viscosity, deformability, and aggregation have been employed to monitor or screen patients with cardiovascular diseases. To effectively evaluate blood circulating within an in vitro closed circuit, it is important to quantify its hemorheological properties consistently and accurately. A simple method for measuring red blood cell (RBC) aggregation and blood viscosity is proposed for analyzing blood flow in a microfluidic device, especially in a continuous and simultaneous fashion. To measure RBC aggregation, blood flows through three channels: the left wide channel, the narrow channel and the right wide channel sequentially. After quantifying the image intensity of RBCs aggregated in the left channel () and the RBCs disaggregated in the right channel (), the RBC aggregation index (AIPM) is obtained by dividing by . Simultaneously, based on a modified parallel flow method, blood viscosity is obtained by detecting the interface between two fluids in the right wide channel. RBC aggregation and blood viscosity were first evaluated under constant and pulsatile blood flows. AIPM varies significantly with respect to blood flow rate (for both its amplitude and period) and the concentration of the dextran solution used. According to our quantitative comparison between the proposed aggregation index (AIPM) and the conventional aggregation index (AICM), it is found that AIPM provides consistent results. Finally, the suggested method is employed to obtain the RBC aggregation and blood viscosity of blood circulating within an in vitro fluidic circuit. The experimental results lead to the conclusion that the proposed method can be successfully used to measure RBC aggregation and blood viscosity, especially in a continuous and simultaneous fashion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jun Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Sinha A, Gopinathan P, Chung YD, Lin HY, Li KH, Ma HP, Huang PC, Shiesh SC, Lee GB. An integrated microfluidic platform to perform uninterrupted SELEX cycles to screen affinity reagents specific to cardiovascular biomarkers. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 122:104-112. [PMID: 30245322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are responsible for millions of deaths annually, there is a need for rapid and sensitive diagnosis of CVD at earlier stages. Aptamers generated by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) processes have been shown to be superior to conventional antibody-based cardiac biomarker detection. However, SELEX is a complicated, lengthy procedure requiring multiple rounds of extraction/amplification and well-trained personnel. To circumvent such issue, we designed an automated, miniaturized SELEX platform for the screening of aptamers towards three protein biomarkers associated with CVDs: N-terminal pro-peptide of B-type natriuretic peptide, human cardiac troponin I, and fibrinogen. The developed microfluidic platform was equipped with microfluidic devices capable of sample transport and mixing along with an on-chip nucleic acid amplification module such that the entire screening process (5 rounds of selection in 8 h.) could be performed consecutively on a single chip while consuming only 35 µL of reagents in each cycle. This system may therefore serve as a promising, sensitive, cost-effective platform for the selection of aptamers specific for CVD biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Sinha
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Priya Gopinathan
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Da Chung
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ying Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Hsien Li
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Pin Ma
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chiun Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chu Shiesh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Gwo-Bin Lee
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Wawrzyniak R, Kosnowska A, Macioszek S, Bartoszewski R, Jan Markuszewski M. New plasma preparation approach to enrich metabolome coverage in untargeted metabolomics: plasma protein bound hydrophobic metabolite release with proteinase K. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9541. [PMID: 29934622 PMCID: PMC6015025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27983-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma untargeted metabolomics is a common method for evaluation of the mechanisms underlying human pathologies and identification of novel biomarkers. The plasma proteins provide the environment for transport of hydrophobic metabolites. The current sample preparation protocol relies on the immediate precipitation of proteins and thus leads to co-precipitation of a significant fraction of hydrophobic metabolites. Here we present a new simple procedure that overcomes the co-precipitation problem and improves metabolome coverage. Introducing an additional step preceding the protein precipitation, namely limited digestion with proteinase K, allows release of associated metabolites through the relaxation of the native proteins tertiary structure. The modified protocol allows clear detection of hydrophobic metabolites including fatty acids and phospholipids. Considering the potential involvement of the hydrophobic metabolites in human cardiovascular and cancer diseases, the method may constitute a novel approach in plasma untargeted metabolomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Wawrzyniak
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Kosnowska
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Szymon Macioszek
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Rafał Bartoszewski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Jan Markuszewski
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Traghella I, Mastorci F, Pepe A, Pingitore A, Vassalle C. Nontraditional Cardiovascular Biomarkers and Risk Factors: Rationale and Future Perspectives. Biomolecules 2018; 8:E40. [PMID: 29914099 PMCID: PMC6023023 DOI: 10.3390/biom8020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) disease depends on the capacity to identify subjects at higher risk long before the occurrence of CV clinical manifestations. Traditional risk factors do not cover fully prediction of individual risk. Moreover, there is an area of gray for patients at intermediate CV risk, which offers wide margins of improvement. These observations highlight the need for new additive tools for a more accurate risk stratification. An increasing number of candidate biomarkers have been identified to predict CV risk and events, although they generally give only a moderate increase when added to currently available predictive scores. The approach utilizing a relative small number of biomarkers in multiple combinations, but only weakly related to each other or unrelated, thus belonging to independent-pathways, and so able to catch the multidimensional characteristic of atherosclerosis, appears promising. We discuss vitamin D and bone turnover biomarkers, hepatitis C virus, and psycho-emotional factors that may reflect alternative pathways over those generally considered for atherosclerosis (e.g., aspects directly related to inflammation and thrombosis). These new biomarkers could facilitate a more accurate assessment of CV risk stratification if incorporated in the current risk assessment algorithms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Traghella
- Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana and Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Mastorci
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alessia Pepe
- Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana and Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Pingitore
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana and Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Cartolano FDC, Pappiani C, Freitas MCPD, Figueiredo Neto AM, Carioca AAF, Damasceno NRT. Is Lipid Accumulation Product Associated with an Atherogenic Lipoprotein Profile in Brazilian Subjects? Arq Bras Cardiol 2018; 110:339-347. [PMID: 29791572 PMCID: PMC5941956 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20180054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lipid accumulation product (LAP), a simple and low-cost tool, is a novel
biomarker of central lipid accumulation and represents a potential surrogate
marker for atherogenic lipoprotein profile. However, its association with
lipoprotein subfractions has not been described in the literature. Objective To determine whether LAP index could be used as a marker of low- and
high-density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL) size in Brazilian individuals. Methods This cross-sectional study included patients (n = 351) of both sexes and age
between 30-74 years. Clinical and sociodemographic data and family history
of diseases were evaluated. Lipoprotein size, and levels of total
cholesterol (TC), lipoproteins, apolipoprotein AI and B (APO AI/APO B),
glucose, insulin, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and non-esterified
fatty acids (NEFA) were assessed in blood samples. LAP was calculated by the
formulas [(waist circumference[cm]-58)
× (triglycerides[mmol/L]) for women and
(waist circumference [cm]-65) ×
(triglycerides [mmol/L]) for men]. The
association between LAP and metabolic parameters were tested by linear trend
(general linear model, GLM test) before and after multiple adjustments for
potential confounders (sex, age, smoking, statin, fibrate, and hypoglycemic
drugs) at significant level p < 0.05. Results LAP was positively associated with TC, APO B, NEFA, glucose, insulin and
HOMA-IR values, and negatively associated with HDL-C. Higher central lipid
accumulation was corelated with higher percentage of intermediate HDL and of
small LDL and HDL and less amount of large HDL. LDL size was also reduced in
greater LAP index values. The negative impact of LAP was maintained after
adjustment for multiple variables. Conclusion LAP was robustly associated with atherogenic profile of lipoprotein
subfractions, independently of multiple confounders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Pappiani
- Faculdade de Saúde Publica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
124
|
Tsoupras A, Lordan R, Zabetakis I. Inflammation, not Cholesterol, Is a Cause of Chronic Disease. Nutrients 2018; 10:E604. [PMID: 29757226 PMCID: PMC5986484 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the Seven Countries Study, dietary cholesterol and the levels of serum cholesterol in relation to the development of chronic diseases have been somewhat demonised. However, the principles of the Mediterranean diet and relevant data linked to the examples of people living in the five blue zones demonstrate that the key to longevity and the prevention of chronic disease development is not the reduction of dietary or serum cholesterol but the control of systemic inflammation. In this review, we present all the relevant data that supports the view that it is inflammation induced by several factors, such as platelet-activating factor (PAF), that leads to the onset of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) rather than serum cholesterol. The key to reducing the incidence of CVD is to control the activities of PAF and other inflammatory mediators via diet, exercise, and healthy lifestyle choices. The relevant studies and data supporting these views are discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Ronan Lordan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Galiana‐Simal A, Muñoz‐Martinez V, Calero‐Bueno P, Vela‐Romero M, Beato‐Fernandez L. Towards a future molecular diagnosis of autism: Recent advances in biomarkers research from saliva samples. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 67:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Galiana‐Simal
- Clínica Centro de Desarrollo Infantil de Ciudad Real (CDICR)Calle Eras del Cerrillo n°813004Ciudad RealSpain
- Grupo de Investigación en Trastornos del Neurodesarrollo de Ciudad Real (TNDCR)Ciudad RealSpain
| | - Victoria Muñoz‐Martinez
- Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real (HGUCR), Servicio de PsiquiatríaCalle Obispo Rafael Torija s/n13005Ciudad RealSpain
- Grupo de Investigación en Trastornos del Neurodesarrollo de Ciudad Real (TNDCR)Ciudad RealSpain
| | - Paloma Calero‐Bueno
- Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM)Facultad de Terapia Ocupacional, Logopedia y EnfermeríaAvda. Real Fábrica de Seda, s/n, 45600Talavera de la ReinaToledoSpain
- Grupo de Investigación en Trastornos del Neurodesarrollo de Ciudad Real (TNDCR)Ciudad RealSpain
| | - Maria Vela‐Romero
- Clínica Centro de Desarrollo Infantil de Ciudad Real (CDICR)Calle Eras del Cerrillo n°813004Ciudad RealSpain
- Grupo de Investigación en Trastornos del Neurodesarrollo de Ciudad Real (TNDCR)Ciudad RealSpain
| | - Luis Beato‐Fernandez
- Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real (HGUCR), Servicio de PsiquiatríaCalle Obispo Rafael Torija s/n13005Ciudad RealSpain
- Grupo de Investigación en Trastornos del Neurodesarrollo de Ciudad Real (TNDCR)Ciudad RealSpain
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Kadayıfçı FZ, Karadağ MG. The relationship of serum endocan levels and anti-TNF-alpha therapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Eur J Rheumatol 2018; 5:1-4. [PMID: 29657867 PMCID: PMC5895144 DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2017.17287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endocan is a marker for vascular pathogenesis and important mediator of angiogenesis that strongly associates with inflammation and vascular diseases. Growing evidence suggest that inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) plays a role in its regulation and secretion, whereas TNF-alpha inhibitors may have the opposite influence. The aim of this research is to investigate the association between serum endocan and anti-TNF-alpha drug treatment in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS Serum endocan levels were analyzed in 42 patients with AS under anti-TNF-alpha usage. Control group consisted of 37 patients with AS who are not receiving anti-TNF drugs. Endocan is analyzed using ESM-1 ELISA kits. The blood glucose and lipid measurements of patients were also assessed. RESULTS There was no significant change in serum endocan levels among groups. The total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-C levels were higher in patients receiving anti-TNF-alpha; however, differences were not significant. There was no significant correlation between serum endocan levels and blood lipid measurements. CONCLUSION Anti-TNF-alpha treatment does not affect serum endocan levels in patients with AS. This research has been first to evaluate the relationship between serum endocan and anti-TNF-alpha therapy in AS. Future studies are necessary to verify the exact role of anti-TNF-alpha therapy on serum endocan levels in patients with AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Zehra Kadayıfçı
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Health Sciences, California Baptist University, Riverside, California, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
127
|
Ahmad S, Bannister C, Lee SJ, Vojinovic D, Adams HH, Ramirez A, Escott‐Price V, Sims R, Baker E, Williams J, Holmans P, Vernooij MW, Ikram MA, Amin N, Duijn CM. Disentangling the biological pathways involved in early features of Alzheimer's disease in the Rotterdam Study. Alzheimers Dement 2018; 14:848-857. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus Medical CentreRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Christian Bannister
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & GenomicsInstitute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeurosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | - Sven J. Lee
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus Medical CentreRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus Medical CentreRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Hieab H.H. Adams
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus Medical CentreRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineErasmus Medical CentreRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric PsychiatryUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Hospital CologneCologneGermany
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Valentina Escott‐Price
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & GenomicsInstitute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeurosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Sims
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & GenomicsInstitute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeurosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | - Emily Baker
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & GenomicsInstitute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeurosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | - Julie Williams
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & GenomicsInstitute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeurosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | - Peter Holmans
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & GenomicsInstitute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeurosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | - Meike W. Vernooij
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus Medical CentreRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineErasmus Medical CentreRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus Medical CentreRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineErasmus Medical CentreRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus Medical CentreRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M. Duijn
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus Medical CentreRotterdamThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Gorostegi-Anduaga I, Pérez-Asenjo J, Aispuru GR, Fryer SM, Alonso-Colmenero A, Romaratezabala E, Maldonado-Martín S. Assessment of cardiovascular risk and vascular age in overweight/obese adults with primary hypertension: the EXERDIET-HTA study. Blood Press Monit 2018; 22:154-160. [PMID: 28240685 DOI: 10.1097/mbp.0000000000000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypertension (HTN), obesity and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with an increased risk for a cardiovascular event. Enrolling overweight/obese individuals with HTN, the current study aimed to estimate cardiovascular risk (CVR) and vascular age (VA) profiles analyzing potential sex differences, determine whether VA is higher than chronological age, and whether CVR is associated with a low level of CRF. METHODS Overweight/obese non-Hispanic White participants (n=209; 141 men and 68 women) with primary HTN had their CVR and VA determined using the New Pooled Cohort Risk Equations and The Framingham method, respectively. Considering values of peak oxygen uptake, participants were divided into tertiles for each sex. RESULTS The CVR, but not VA (P=0.339), was higher (P<0.001) in men compared with women irrespective of age. Irrespective of sex, VA was higher than chronological age (P<0.001). Age and BMI were higher (P<0.05) in the low CRF group compared with that in other groups. There were no differences in CVR (P=0.907) and VA (P=1.643) when values were separated into CRF groups. CONCLUSION Pooled Cohort Equations could underestimate the risk of suffering a cardiovascular event in the following 10 years in overweight/obese non-Hispanic White women with HTN compared with men. The VA appears to be a useful tool in communicating CVR in this population irrespective of sex. The CRF alone may not be enough to moderate the CVR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilargi Gorostegi-Anduaga
- aLaboratory of Performance Analysis in Sport, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) bCardiology Unit, IMQ group, Vitoria-Gasteiz cClinical Trials Unit, Health and Quality of Life, Tecnalia, Vitoria-Gasteiz dNutrition, Exercise and Health Research Group, Elikadura, Ariketa Fisikoa eta Osasuna, ELIKOS group (UPV/EHU), Vitoria ePrimary Care Administration of Burgos, Burgos, Spain fSchool of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Oxstalls Campus, Gloucester, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
129
|
Heneghan C, Kiely M, Lyons J, Lucey A. The Effect of Berry-Based Food Interventions on Markers of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Heneghan
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University College Cork; Cork Republic of Ireland
| | - Mairead Kiely
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University College Cork; Cork Republic of Ireland
| | - Jacqueline Lyons
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University College Cork; Cork Republic of Ireland
| | - Alice Lucey
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University College Cork; Cork Republic of Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Dores H, de Araújo Gonçalves P, Cardim N, Neuparth N. Coronary artery disease in athletes: An adverse effect of intense exercise? Rev Port Cardiol 2018; 37:77-85. [PMID: 29325803 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular physical exercise is responsible for various health benefits, and is recommended for primary and secondary cardiovascular (CV) prevention. Despite these recognized benefits, various clinical events can occur in athletes, including acute myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death (SCD); the main cause of SCD in veteran athletes is coronary artery disease (CAD). The relationship between intense exercise training and CAD is controversial, and a U-shaped association has been hypothesized. If this is the case, screening for subclinical CAD in older athletes may be justified, and various different methodologies have been proposed. However, the methodology for screening veteran athletes is not consensual, and several markers of CAD, in addition to clinical CV risk factors, could improve risk stratification in this population. In the present paper we review the published data on CAD in athletes, focusing on the relationship between the dose of exercise and CAD, as well as the implications for pre-participation screening of veteran athletes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélder Dores
- Hospital das Forças Armadas, Lisbon, Portugal; Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal; CEDOC (Chronic Diseases Research Center), NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Pedro de Araújo Gonçalves
- Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal; CEDOC (Chronic Diseases Research Center), NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal; Hospital de Santa Cruz, CHLO, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno Cardim
- Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno Neuparth
- NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal; CEDOC (Chronic Diseases Research Center), NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Li C, Li J, Xiong X, Liu Y, Lv Y, Qin S, Liu D, Wei R, Ruan X, Zhang J, Xu L, Wang X, Chen J, Zhang Y, Zheng L. TRPM8 activation improves energy expenditure in skeletal muscle and exercise endurance in mice. Gene 2018; 641:111-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
132
|
Dores H, de Araújo Gonçalves P, Cardim N, Neuparth N. Coronary artery disease in athletes: An adverse effect of intense exercise? REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
133
|
Schuh AK, Sheybani B, Jortzik E, Niemann B, Wilhelm J, Boening A, Becker K. Redox status of patients before cardiac surgery. Redox Rep 2017; 23:83-93. [PMID: 29257712 PMCID: PMC6748699 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2017.1418620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Redox regulation plays a crucial role in balancing the
cardiovascular system. In this prospective study we aimed to identify currently
unknown correlations valuable to cardiovascular research and patient
management. Methods: Blood samples from 500 patients were collected directly
before cardiosurgical interventions (Ethics Committee reference number 85/11).
Four central redox parameters were determined together with about 30 clinical,
anthropometric, and metabolic parameters. Results: Creatinine levels and pulmonary hypertension were
significant predictors of the total antioxidant status (TAOS) in the patients;
total glutathione levels were linked to C-peptide, and creatinine, gender, and
ventricular arrhythmia influenced nitrate/nitrite levels. Notably, significant
interactions were found between medication and redox parameters. Calcium channel
blockers (CCBs) were positive predictors of total glutathione levels, whereas
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and CCBs were negative predictors of
NOx levels. Age showed the highest correlation with the duration of the
intensive care stay, followed by NOx levels, creatinine, TAOS, and C-reactive
protein. Discussion: In this prospective study we determined multiple
correlations between redox markers and parameters linked to cardiovascular
diseases. The data point towards so far unknown interdependencies, particularly
between antihypertensive drugs and redox metabolism. A thorough follow-up to
these data has the potential to improve patient management. Abbreviations: A: absorption; ΔA: absorption difference; ABTS:
2,2′-azino-di(3-ethylbenzothiazoline sulfonate); ACE:
angiotensin-converting enzyme; AO: antioxidant; ARB: angiotensin receptor
blocker; BMI: body mass index; CAD: coronary artery disease; CCB: calcium
channel blocker; CDC: coronary heart diseases; COPD: chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease; CRP: C-reactive protein; CVD: cardiovascular diseases;
Cu-OOH: cumene hydroperoxide; D: dilution factor; DAN: 2,3-diaminonaphtalene;
DMSO: dimethylsulfoxide; DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; DTNB:
5,5-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoate); ϵ: extinction coefficient;
EDRF: endothelium-derived relaxing factor; fc: final concentration; GPx:
glutathione peroxidases; (h)GR: (human) glutathione reductase; GSH: (reduced)
glutathione; GSSG: glutathione disulfide; GST: glutathione-S-transferase; Hb:
hemoglobin; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; Hk: hematocrit;
H2O2: hydrogen peroxide; ICS: intensive care stay;
LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; MI: myocardial
infarction; NED: N-(1-naphthyl)-ethylendiamine-dihydrochloride;
NOS: nitric oxide synthase; NOx: nitrate/nitrite; NR: nitrate reductase; PBS:
phosphate buffered saline; PCA: principle component analysis; PH: pulmonary
hypertension; ROS: reactive oxygen species; RNS: reactive nitrogen species; RT:
room temperature (25°C); SA: sulfanilamide; SOD: superoxide dismutase; SSA:
sulfosalicylic acid; TAC: total antioxidant capacity; TAOS: total antioxidant
status; TEAC: trolox equivalent antioxidative capacity; TG: triglycerides; tGSH:
total glutathione; TNB-: 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoate; U: unit; UV: ultraviolet; VA:
volume activity; Wc: working concentration; WHR: waist-hip ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Katharina Schuh
- a Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Interdisciplinary Research Center , Justus Liebig University , Giessen , Germany
| | - Babak Sheybani
- b Clinic for Heart, Pediatric Heart and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine , UKGM , Giessen , Germany
| | - Esther Jortzik
- a Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Interdisciplinary Research Center , Justus Liebig University , Giessen , Germany
| | - Bernd Niemann
- b Clinic for Heart, Pediatric Heart and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine , UKGM , Giessen , Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- c Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System , Justus Liebig University , Giessen , Germany
| | - Andreas Boening
- b Clinic for Heart, Pediatric Heart and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine , UKGM , Giessen , Germany
| | - Katja Becker
- a Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Interdisciplinary Research Center , Justus Liebig University , Giessen , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Shirolkar A, Chakraborty S, Mandal T, Dabur R. Plasma metabolomics reveal the correlation of metabolic pathways and Prakritis of humans. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2017; 9:113-122. [PMID: 29183656 PMCID: PMC6033735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ayurveda, an ancient Indian medicinal system, has categorized human body constitutions in three broad constitutional types (prakritis) i.e. Vata, Pitta and Kapha. OBJECTIVES Analysis of plasma metabolites and related pathways to classify Prakriti specific dominant marker metabolites and metabolic pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS 38 healthy male individuals were assessed for dominant Prakritis and their fasting blood samples were collected. The processed plasma samples were subjected to rapid resolution liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-ESI-QTOFMS). Mass profiles were aligned and subjected to multivariate analysis. RESULTS Partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model showed 97.87% recognition capability. List of PLS-DA metabolites was subjected to permutative Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) correction and final list of 76 metabolites with p < 0.05 and fold-change > 2.0 was identified. Pathway analysis using metascape and JEPETTO plugins in Cytoscape revealed that steroidal hormone biosynthesis, amino acid, and arachidonic acid metabolism are major pathways varying with different constitution. Biological Go processes analysis showed that aromatic amino acids, sphingolipids, and pyrimidine nucleotides metabolic processes were dominant in kapha type of body constitution. Fat soluble vitamins, cellular amino acid, and androgen biosynthesis process along with branched chain amino acid and glycerolipid catabolic processes were dominant in pitta type individuals. Vata Prakriti was found to have dominant catecholamine, arachidonic acid and hydrogen peroxide metabolomics processes. CONCLUSION The neurotransmission and oxidative stress in vata, BCAA catabolic, androgen, xenobiotics metabolic processes in pitta, and aromatic amino acids, sphingolipid, and pyrimidine metabolic process in kapha Prakriti were the dominant marker pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amey Shirolkar
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Institute of Basic Ayurvedic Sciences (NRIBAS), Kothrud, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sutapa Chakraborty
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Institute of Basic Ayurvedic Sciences (NRIBAS), Kothrud, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tusharkanti Mandal
- Regional Ayurveda Research Institute, Tadong, Gangtok 737102, Sikkim, India
| | - Rajesh Dabur
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Institute of Basic Ayurvedic Sciences (NRIBAS), Kothrud, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India; Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Dayanand University (MDU), Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Aarthy M, Panwar U, Selvaraj C, Singh SK. Advantages of Structure-Based Drug Design Approaches in Neurological Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 15:1136-1155. [PMID: 28042767 PMCID: PMC5725545 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170102145257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the review is to portray the theoretical concept on neurological disorders from research data. BACKGROUND The freak changes in chemical response of nerve impulse causes neurological disorders. The research evidence of the effort done in the older history suggests that the biological drug targets and their effective feature with responsive drugs could be valuable in promoting the future development of health statistics structure for improved treatment for curing the nervous disorders. METHODS In this review, we summarized the most iterative theoretical concept of structure based drug design approaches in various neurological disorders to unfathomable understanding of reported information for future drug design and development. RESULTS On the premise of reported information we analyzed the model of theoretical drug designing process for understanding the mechanism and pathology of the neurological diseases which covers the development of potentially effective inhibitors against the biological drug targets. Finally, it also suggests the management and implementation of the current treatment in improving the human health system behaviors. CONCLUSION With the survey of reported information we concluded the development strategies of diagnosis and treatment against neurological diseases which leads to supportive progress in the drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murali Aarthy
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Umesh Panwar
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chandrabose Selvaraj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Postal Code: 143-701, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Truong V, Huang S, Dennis J, Lemire M, Zwingerman N, Aïssi D, Kassam I, Perret C, Wells P, Morange PE, Wilson M, Trégouët DA, Gagnon F. Blood triglyceride levels are associated with DNA methylation at the serine metabolism gene PHGDH. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11207. [PMID: 28894120 PMCID: PMC5593822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient interventions to reduce blood triglycerides are few; newer and more tolerable intervention targets are needed. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying blood triglyceride levels variation is key to identifying new therapies. To explore the role of epigenetic mechanisms on triglyceride levels, a blood methylome scan was conducted in 199 individuals from 5 French-Canadian families ascertained on venous thromboembolism, and findings were replicated in 324 French unrelated patients with venous thromboembolism. Genetic context and functional relevance were investigated. Two DNA methylation sites associated with triglyceride levels were identified. The first one, located in the ABCG1 gene, was recently reported, whereas the second one, located in the promoter of the PHGDH gene, is novel. The PHGDH methylation site, cg14476101, was found to be associated with variation in triglyceride levels in a threshold manner: cg14476101 was inversely associated with triglyceride levels only when triglyceride levels were above 1.12 mmol/L (discovery P-value = 8.4 × 10-6; replication P-value = 0.0091). Public databases findings supported a functional role of cg14476101 on PHGDH expression. PHGDH catalyses the first step in the serine biosynthesis pathway. These findings highlight the role of epigenetic regulation of the PHGDH gene in triglyceride metabolism, providing novel insights on putative intervention targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinh Truong
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Siying Huang
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jessica Dennis
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Nora Zwingerman
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dylan Aïssi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Irfahan Kassam
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Claire Perret
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Philip Wells
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Michael Wilson
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - France Gagnon
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Microfluidic-Based Measurement Method of Red Blood Cell Aggregation under Hematocrit Variations. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17092037. [PMID: 28878199 PMCID: PMC5620946 DOI: 10.3390/s17092037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) are considered to be promising biomarkers for effectively monitoring blood rheology at extremely low shear rates. In this study, a microfluidic-based measurement technique is suggested to evaluate RBC aggregation under hematocrit variations due to the continuous ESR. After the pipette tip is tightly fitted into an inlet port, a disposable suction pump is connected to the outlet port through a polyethylene tube. After dropping blood (approximately 0.2 mL) into the pipette tip, the blood flow can be started and stopped by periodically operating a pinch valve. To evaluate variations in RBC aggregation due to the continuous ESR, an EAI (Erythrocyte-sedimentation-rate Aggregation Index) is newly suggested, which uses temporal variations of image intensity. To demonstrate the proposed method, the dynamic characterization of the disposable suction pump is first quantitatively measured by varying the hematocrit levels and cavity volume of the suction pump. Next, variations in RBC aggregation and ESR are quantified by varying the hematocrit levels. The conventional aggregation index (AI) is maintained constant, unrelated to the hematocrit values. However, the EAI significantly decreased with respect to the hematocrit values. Thus, the EAI is more effective than the AI for monitoring variations in RBC aggregation due to the ESR. Lastly, the proposed method is employed to detect aggregated blood and thermally-induced blood. The EAI gradually increased as the concentration of a dextran solution increased. In addition, the EAI significantly decreased for thermally-induced blood. From this experimental demonstration, the proposed method is able to effectively measure variations in RBC aggregation due to continuous hematocrit variations, especially by quantifying the EAI.
Collapse
|
138
|
Psoriasis and Cardiovascular Risk-Do Promising New Biomarkers Have Clinical Impact? Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:7279818. [PMID: 28947858 PMCID: PMC5602647 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7279818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with psoriasis (PS). Therefore, emphasis has lately been laid on the necessity for clinical evaluation of the risk of CVD in these patients. The systemic inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin- (IL-) 6, which have long been used to predict future CVD in the general population, are increased manyfold in patients with PS. Lipid abnormalities characterized by elevated triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, and higher concentrations of LDL cholesterol and its oxidized form are also prevalent in patients. There is a need for additional laboratory markers for the assessment of cardiovascular status of patients with PS. Due to frequent comorbid overweight and obesity, biologically active compounds produced by adipocytes may have an impact on monitoring the status of the cardiovascular system of patients with PS. For this purpose, two adipokines, adiponectin and leptin, have been most extensively studied. The review focuses on some inflammatory and oxidative stress aspects in patients with PS through the analysis of the impact of prominent adipokines and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) to assess their eligibility for clinical practice as markers of CVD risk in patients with PS.
Collapse
|
139
|
Lin FJ, Tseng WK, Yin WH, Yeh HI, Chen JW, Wu CC. Residual Risk Factors to Predict Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9179. [PMID: 28835613 PMCID: PMC5569020 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08741-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A prospective observational study was conducted to investigate the residual risk factors to predict recurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) patients with a high prevalence under lipid-lowering therapy, particularly in the subpopulations of diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. A total of 5,483 adults (with a mean age of 66.4 and 73.3% male) with established coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, or peripheral artery disease were identified from the T-SPARCLE multi-center registry. Of them, 38.6% had diabetes. The residual risk factors for MACE are divergent in these atherosclerotic patients with and without diabetes. In diabetic subpopulation, the risk of MACE was significantly increased with heart failure (HF), chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 4-5 (vs. stage 1-2), without beta blocker use, and higher non-HDL-C, after controlling for covariates including statin use and the intensity of therapy. Increased LDL-C and TG levels were also associated with increased risk, but to a much less extent. Among nondiabetic individuals, HF, CKD stage 4-5, and history of myocardial infarction were the significant independent predictors of MACE. It is suggested that ASCVD patients with concomitant diabetes need stricter control of lipid, particularly non-HDL-C levels, to reduce cardiovascular risk when on statin therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ju Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kung Tseng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsian Yin
- Division of Cardiology, Heart Center, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-I Yeh
- Mackay Memorial Hospital, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Chung Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Section), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Bioethics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Cardiovascular Health in St. Louis Bosnian-Americans. J Immigr Minor Health 2017; 20:1147-1157. [PMID: 28822025 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-017-0641-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In Bosnia and Herzegovina, cardiovascular disease accounts for nearly 50% of deaths. Cardiovascular health of resettled Bosnian-Americans has not been well-characterized. Our study aimed to quantify cardiovascular risk in Bosnian-Americans in St. Louis, the largest non-European center of resettlement. Seven community screenings focused on Bosnian-Americans were held. Cardiovascular risk was calculated to stratify individuals into low (<10%), moderate (10-20%), and high (>20%) risk. Those with self-reported coronary heart disease (CHD) or risk equivalent were considered high-risk. Two-hundred fifty Bosnian-Americans were screened; 51% (n = 128) consented to the IRB-approved study. Twenty-one percent were smokers, 33% obese, and 33% had hypertension. Excluding risk equivalent individuals, 5.7% of subjects were high-risk, increasing to 26.6% when including high-risk equivalents. Lipid abnormalities include elevated triglycerides (29.0%) and low HDL (50.0%). Compared to general American population studies, Bosnian-Americans have greater ten-year hard CHD risk. A community-based approach identified potential culturally-based lifestyle interventions including diet, exercise, and smoking.
Collapse
|
141
|
Study of Erythrocyte Indices, Erythrocyte Morphometric Indicators, and Oxygen-Binding Properties of Hemoglobin Hematoporphyrin Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases. Adv Hematol 2017; 2017:8964587. [PMID: 28798772 PMCID: PMC5535697 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8964587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigates the functional state of erythrocytes and indices of the oxygen-binding capacity of hemoglobin in blood samples from healthy donors and from patients with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction before and after treatment. It has been established that, in cardiovascular diseases, erythrocyte morphology and hemoglobin oxygen-transporting disorders are observed. Standard therapy does not result in the restoration of the structure and properties of erythrocytes. The authors believe that it is necessary for future therapeutic treatment to include preparations other than cardiovascular agents to enhance the capacity of hemoglobin to transport oxygen to the tissues.
Collapse
|
142
|
Ferchaud-Roucher V, Croyal M, Moyon T, Zair Y, Krempf M, Ouguerram K. Plasma Lipidome Analysis by Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Ion Mobility of Hypertriglyceridemic Patients on Extended-Release Nicotinic Acid: a Pilot Study. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2017; 31:269-279. [DOI: 10.1007/s10557-017-6737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
143
|
Iqbal J, Walsh MT, Hammad SM, Hussain MM. Sphingolipids and Lipoproteins in Health and Metabolic Disorders. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2017; 28:506-518. [PMID: 28462811 PMCID: PMC5474131 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are structurally and functionally diverse molecules with significant physiologic functions and are found associated with cellular membranes and plasma lipoproteins. The cellular and plasma concentrations of sphingolipids are altered in several metabolic disorders and may serve as prognostic and diagnostic markers. Here we discuss various sphingolipid transport mechanisms and highlight how changes in cellular and plasma sphingolipid levels contribute to cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Understanding of the mechanisms involved in intracellular transport, secretion, and extracellular transport may provide novel information that might be amenable to therapeutic targeting for the treatment of various metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Iqbal
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11203, USA; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, MNGHA, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meghan T Walsh
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11203, USA
| | - Samar M Hammad
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - M Mahmood Hussain
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11203, USA; VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11209; Center for Diabetes and Obesity Research, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, NY 11501, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Catalán Ú, Barrubés L, Valls RM, Solà R, Rubió L. In vitro Metabolomic Approaches to Investigating the Potential Biological Effects of Phenolic Compounds: An Update. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2017; 15:236-245. [PMID: 28549934 PMCID: PMC5582796 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dietary phenolic compounds (PCs) have been receiving interest for their presumed roles in disease prevention. However, there is a lack of studies on the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this regard, in vitrometabolomic approaches are suitable for the investigation of the molecular changes in response to PC exposure. Up to date, the biological effects of PCs have only been examined for PCs from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), olive oil, and resveratrol using cell-based metabolomic approach, although transcriptomic and/or proteomic studies have also been conducted in the same in vitro cell experiment in some cases. Our integral analysis of the reviewed studies suggest that PCs may be involved not only in basic cellular processes or macro- and micro-nutrient metabolism, but also in specific metabolic pathways that have been thoroughly investigated. These modulated pathways could have a clinical impact on neurodegenerative diseases, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, the in vitro metabolomic approaches provide additional information of the molecular mechanisms involved in disease risk reduction of dietary PCs. In order to elucidate the mechanisms of action of PCs, more metabolomic cell-based studies are needed and testing the physiological conjugated forms of PCs in these cell systems could be of special interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Úrsula Catalán
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain
| | - Laura Barrubés
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Valls
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain
| | - Rosa Solà
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain.
| | - Laura Rubió
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain; Food Technology Department, Universitat de Lleida-AGROTECNIO Center, Lleida 25198, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Simon TG, Kartoun U, Zheng H, Chan AT, Chung RT, Shaw S, Corey KE. MELD-Na score predicts incident major cardiovascular events, in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hepatol Commun 2017; 1:429-438. [PMID: 29085919 PMCID: PMC5659323 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality among adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, accurate tools for identifying NAFLD patients at highest CVD risk are lacking. Using a validated algorithm, we identified a retrospective cohort of 914 NAFLD patients without known CVD. Fibrosis severity was estimated using the fibrosis‐4 index. Patients were followed for 5 years for the development of a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE); a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or unstable angina; urgent coronary revascularization; or stroke. Using an adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression model, NAFLD‐specific biomarkers of CVD risk were identified. Discrimination was compared to that of the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Among 914 patients, the mean age was 53.4 years and 60.6% were female. Over 5 years, 288 (31.5%) experienced MACE. After adjustment for traditional cardiometabolic risk factors and underlying FIB‐4 index score, each 1‐point increase in the model for end‐stage liver disease integrating sodium (MELD‐Na) was associated with a 4.2% increased risk of MACE (hazard ratio, 1.042; 95% confidence interval, 1.009‐1.075; P = 0.011). Compared to patients in the lowest MELD‐Na quartile (<7.5), those in the highest quartile (≥13.2) had a 2.2‐fold increased risk of MACE (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.11‐4.40; P = 0.024; P trend = 0.004). Incorporating MELD‐Na with the FRS significantly improved discrimination of future CVD risk (combined C‐statistic 0.703 versus 0.660 for the FRS alone; P = 0.040). Conclusion: Among patients with NAFLD, the MELD‐Na score accurately stratifies the risk for patients according to future CVD event risk. The addition of the MELD‐Na score to the FRS may further improve discrimination of NAFLD‐related CVD risk. (Hepatology Communications 2017;1:429–438)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tracey G Simon
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Uri Kartoun
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Center for Systems Biology; Center for Assessment Technology and Continuous Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hui Zheng
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Raymond T Chung
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Stanley Shaw
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Center for Systems Biology; Center for Assessment Technology and Continuous Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen E Corey
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Rahman T, Hamzan NS, Mokhsin A, Rahmat R, Ibrahim ZO, Razali R, Thevarajah M, Nawawi H. Enhanced status of inflammation and endothelial activation in subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia and their related unaffected family members: a case control study. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:81. [PMID: 28438163 PMCID: PMC5404314 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) leads to premature coronary artery diseases (CAD) which pathophysiologically can be measured by inflammation, endothelial activation and oxidative stress status. However, the status of these biomarkers among related unaffected relatives of FH cases and whether FH is an independent predictor of these biomarkers have not been well established. Thus, this study aims to (1) compare the biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial activation and oxidative stress between patients with FH, their related unaffected relatives (RUC) and normolipaemic subjects (NC) (2)determine whether FH is an independent predictor of these biomarkers. Methods One hundred thirty-one FH patients, 68 RUC and 214 matched NC were recruited. Fasting lipid profile, biomarkers of inflammation (hsCRP), endothelial activation (sICAM-1 and E-selectin) and oxidative stress [oxidized LDL (oxLDL), malondialdehyde (MDA) and F2-isoprostanes (ISP)] were analyzed and independent predictor was determined using binary logistic regression analysis. Results hsCRP was higher in FH and RUC compared to NC (mean ± SD = 1.53 ± 1.24 mg/L and mean ± SD = 2.54 ± 2.30 vs 1.10 ± 0.89 mg/L, p < 0.05). sICAM-1 and E-selectin were higher in FH compared to NC (mean ± SD = 947 ± 742 vs 655 ± 191 ng/mL, p < 0.001 and 175 ± 131 vs 21.6 ± 10.7 ng/mL, p < 0.001 respectively) while sICAM-1 concentration was higher in RUC compared to NC (mean ± SD = 945 ± 379 vs 655 ± 191 ng/mL, p < 0.01). Biomarkers of oxidation (ox-LDL, MDA and ISP) were elevated in FH compared to NC [mean ± SD = (48.2 ± 26.8 vs 27.3 ± 13.2 mU/L, p < 0.001), (2.57 ± 1.3 vs 1.20 ± 0.30 nmol/mL, p < 0.001) and (645 ± 396 vs 398 ± 20.5 pg/L, p < 0.001) respectively], but no significant differences were observed between RUC and NC (p > 0.05). FH was an independent predictor for sICAM-1 (p = 0.007), ox-LDL (p < 0.001) and MDA (p < 0.001) while RUC independently predicted for sICAM-1 (p < 0.001). Conclusion The screening for FH is vital as all biomarkers associated with atherogenesis are higher in these subjects and FH also independently predict biomarkers of endothelial activation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, despite not fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for FH, related unaffected family members that may not phenotypically express the mutation may still be at risk of developing CAD as reflected from the enhanced inflammatory and endothelial activation status observed in this group. This highlights the need to not only conduct family tracing in indexed FH cases, but also assess the coronary risk among family members that do not fulfil the FH diagnostic criteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thuhairah Rahman
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Suhana Hamzan
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Atiqah Mokhsin
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Radzi Rahmat
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zubin Othman Ibrahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rafezah Razali
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Malathi Thevarajah
- Laboratory Medicine Division, Universiti Malaya Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hapizah Nawawi
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Liu CL, Santos MM, Fernandes C, Liao M, Iamarene K, Zhang JY, Sukhova GK, Shi GP. Toll-like receptor 7 deficiency protects apolipoprotein E-deficient mice from diet-induced atherosclerosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:847. [PMID: 28405010 PMCID: PMC5429799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00977-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) mediates autoantigen and viral RNA-induced cytokine production. Increased TLR7 expression in human atherosclerotic lesions suggests its involvement in atherogenesis. Here we demonstrated TLR7 expression in macrophages, smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and endothelial cells from mouse atherosclerotic lesions. To test a direct participation of TLR7 in atherosclerosis, we crossbred TLR7-deficient (Tlr7 -/-) mice with apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe -/-) mice and produced Apoe -/- Tlr7 -/- and Apoe -/- Tlr7 +/+ littermates, followed by feeding them an atherogenic diet to produce atherosclerosis. Compared to Apoe -/- Tlr7 +/+ mice, Apoe -/- Tlr7 -/- mice showed reduced aortic arch and sinus lesion areas. Reduced atherosclerosis in Apoe -/- Tlr7 -/- mice did not affect lesion macrophage-positive area and CD4+ T-cell number per lesion area, but reduced lesion expression of inflammatory markers major histocompatibility complex-class II and IL6, lesion matrix-degrading proteases cathepsin S and matrix metalloproteinase-9, and systemic serum amyloid A levels. TLR7 deficiency also reduced aortic arch SMC loss and lesion intima and media cell apoptosis. However, TLR7 deficiency did not affect aortic wall elastin fragmentation and collagen contents, or plasma lipoproteins. Therefore, TLR7 contributes to atherogenesis in Apoe -/- mice by regulating lesion and systemic inflammation. A TLR7 antagonist may mitigate atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Lin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Marcela M Santos
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Cleverson Fernandes
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mengyang Liao
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Karine Iamarene
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jin-Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Galina K Sukhova
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. .,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Quadri AL, Yakubu MT. Fertility enhancing activity and toxicity profile of aqueous extract of Chasmanthera dependens roots in male rats. Andrologia 2017; 49. [PMID: 28295512 DOI: 10.1111/and.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the fertility-enhancing activity and safety of aqueous extract of Chasmanthera dependens root (AECDR) in male rats. In the fertility study, twenty, sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg) body weight (BW)-treated male rats (171.02 ± 3.36 g), assigned into four groups (I-IV), received 1 ml of distilled water (DW), 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg BW of AECDR for 60 days, whereas the control received DW. After 7 days of pairing with female rats (153.67 ± 2.24 g), spermatogenic, fertility, testicular function indices and enzymatic antioxidant activities were evaluated. The animal groupings in the toxicity study were similar to the fertility study except no administration of sodium arsenite. Sodium arsenite treatment-related decreases (p < .05) in the semen and sperm parameters, testicular function indices, antioxidant activities and female rat fertility indices were reversed/ameliorated by AECDR. AECDR significantly altered the function indices of the liver and kidney and the lipid profile and selectively altered the haematological parameters. There was no treatment-related histoarchitectural changes in the organs. Overall, the aqueous extract of C. dependens roots exhibited pro-spermatogenic, fertility enhancing, antioxidant and androgenic activities in male rats. It also exhibited functional toxicity. Therefore, the chronic use of AECDR may not be completely safe as oral remedy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Quadri
- Phytopharmacology, Toxicology and Reproductive Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - M T Yakubu
- Phytopharmacology, Toxicology and Reproductive Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Mika A, Sledzinski T. Alterations of specific lipid groups in serum of obese humans: a review. Obes Rev 2017; 18:247-272. [PMID: 27899022 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major contributor to the dysfunction of liver, cardiac, pulmonary, endocrine and reproductive system, as well as a component of metabolic syndrome. Although development of obesity-related disorders is associated with lipid abnormalities, most previous studies dealing with the problem in question were limited to routinely determined parameters, such as serum concentrations of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Many authors postulated to extend the scope of analysed lipid compounds and to study obesity-related alterations in other, previously non-examined groups of lipids. Comprehensive quantitative, structural and functional analysis of specific lipid groups may result in identification of new obesity-related alterations. The review summarizes available evidence of obesity-related alterations in various groups of lipids and their impact on health status of obese subjects. Further, the role of diet and endogenous lipid synthesis in the development of serum lipid alterations is discussed, along with potential application of various lipid compounds as risk markers for obesity-related comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Mika
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - T Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
González-Peña D, Checa A, de Ancos B, Wheelock CE, Sánchez-Moreno C. New insights into the effects of onion consumption on lipid mediators using a diet-induced model of hypercholesterolemia. Redox Biol 2016; 11:205-212. [PMID: 28006722 PMCID: PMC5192248 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The levels and roles of lipid mediators can be modified in response to nutritional stimuli. The aim of this study was to investigate shifts in oxylipin and sphingolipid profiles stimulated by a hypercholesterolemic (HC) diet along with the modulating effects of onion introduced as an antioxidant functional ingredient characterized in the diet (HCO). Oxylipin and sphingolipid profiles were determined in plasma and tissues from Wistar rats using LC-MS/MS. Plasma ω-3 and ω-6 PUFA-derived oxylipins decreased in rats after 7 weeks of HC feeding, but did not evidence a further shift with HCO diet. Onion ingredient supplementation modulated the hepatic concentrations of prostaglandins and enhanced ω-3 oxylipins in the liver of HCO-fed rats relative to the HC group. The HC diet induced shifts in plasma sphingolipids, increasing sphingoid bases, dihydroceramides and ceramides, whilst the sphingomyelin, hexosylceramide and lactosylceramide families decreased. The HCO diet modified some HC diet-induced changes in sphingolipids in liver and spleen tissue. Onion supplementation effected changes in lipid mediator levels in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic Wistar rats. The potential of onion as regulator of pro-inflammatory mediators, and possible enhancer of pro-resolution pathways, warrants further study of the interaction of functional ingredients with bioactive lipid mediators and their potential impact on inflammation, oxidative stress and organ dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana González-Peña
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), ES-28040 Madrid, Spain; Division of Physiological Chemistry 2, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Checa
- Division of Physiological Chemistry 2, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Begoña de Ancos
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Craig E Wheelock
- Division of Physiological Chemistry 2, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Concepción Sánchez-Moreno
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), ES-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|