101
|
Xie Y, Wang B, Zhao Y, Tao Z, Wang Y, Chen G, Hu X. Mammary adipocytes protect triple-negative breast cancer cells from ferroptosis. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:72. [PMID: 35659320 PMCID: PMC9164506 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01297-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a novel non-apoptotic form of cell death, can induce tumor cell death and treatment resistance. Lipid metabolism is closely related to ferroptosis; however, the effect of mammary adipocytes on breast cancer ferroptosis remains to be elucidated. Here, we established the co-culture system of adipocyte-breast cancer cells and revealed the protection of triple-negative breast cancer from ferroptosis by adipocytes. Then, we performed the lipidomics analysis comparing lipid metabolites of co-cultured and normal-cultured cells. Mechanistically, oleic acid secreted from adipocytes inhibited lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis of triple-negative breast cancer cells in the presence of ACSL3. Taken together, mammary adipocytes can protect breast cancer cells from ferroptosis through oleic acid in the presence of ACSL3. These findings could provide new ideas and targets for tumor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhao Xie
- Department of Breast Cancer and Urological Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biyun Wang
- Department of Breast Cancer and Urological Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yannan Zhao
- Department of Breast Cancer and Urological Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghua Tao
- Department of Breast Cancer and Urological Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Breast Cancer and Urological Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangliang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Lymphoma, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Xichun Hu
- Department of Breast Cancer and Urological Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Abstract
The mechanistic target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is the central regulator of cell growth and proliferation by integrating growth factor and nutrient availability. Under healthy physiological conditions, this process is tightly coordinated and essential to maintain whole-body homeostasis. Not surprisingly, dysregulated mTOR signaling underpins several diseases with increasing incidence worldwide, including obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Consequently, there is significant clinical interest in developing therapeutic strategies that effectively target this pathway. The transition of mTOR inhibitors from the bench to bedside, however, has largely been marked with challenges and shortcomings, such as the development of therapy resistance and adverse side effects in patients. In this review, we discuss the current status of first-, second-, and third-generation mTOR inhibitors as a cancer therapy in both preclinical and clinical settings, with a particular emphasis on the mechanisms of drug resistance. We focus especially on the emerging role of diet as an important environmental determinant of therapy response, and posit a conceptual framework that links nutrient availability and whole-body metabolic states such as obesity with many of the previously defined processes that drive resistance to mTOR-targeted therapies. Given the role of mTOR as a central integrator of cell metabolism and function, we propose that modulating nutrient inputs through dietary interventions may influence the signaling dynamics of this pathway and compensatory nodes. In doing so, new opportunities for exploiting diet/drug synergies are highlighted that may unlock the therapeutic potential of mTOR inhibitors as a cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Koundouros
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021,USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Correspondence: Nikos Koundouros, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY, 10021 USA.
| | - John Blenis
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021,USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Correspondence: John Blenis, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY, 10021 USA.
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Targeting of the Peritumoral Adipose Tissue Microenvironment as an Innovative Antitumor Therapeutic Strategy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050702. [PMID: 35625629 PMCID: PMC9138344 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in promoting and sustaining cancer growth. Adipose tissue (AT), due to its anatomical distribution, is a prevalent component of TME, and contributes to cancer development and progression. Cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs), reprogrammed by cancer stem cells (CSCs), drive cancer progression by releasing metabolites and inflammatory adipokines. In this review, we highlight the mechanisms underlying the bidirectional crosstalk among CAAs, CSCs, and stromal cells. Moreover, we focus on the recent advances in the therapeutic targeting of adipocyte-released factors as an innovative strategy to counteract cancer progression.
Collapse
|
104
|
Pernot S, Evrard S, Khatib AM. The Give-and-Take Interaction Between the Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Cells Regulating Tumor Progression and Repression. Front Immunol 2022; 13:850856. [PMID: 35493456 PMCID: PMC9043524 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.850856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A fundamental concern of the majority of cancer scientists is related to the identification of mechanisms involved in the evolution of neoplastic cells at the cellular and molecular level and how these processes are able to control cancer cells appearance and death. In addition to the genome contribution, such mechanisms involve reciprocal interactions between tumor cells and stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Indeed, tumor cells survival and growth rely on dynamic properties controlling pro and anti-tumorigenic processes. The anti-tumorigenic function of the TME is mainly regulated by immune cells such as dendritic cells, natural killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and macrophages and normal fibroblasts. The pro-tumorigenic function is also mediated by other immune cells such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells, M2-tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells, as well as carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), adipocytes (CAA) and endothelial cells. Several of these cells can show both, pro- and antitumorigenic activity. Here we highlight the importance of the reciprocal interactions between tumor cells and stromal cells in the self-centered behavior of cancer cells and how these complex cellular interactions control tumor progression and repression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Pernot
- Reprograming Tumor Activity and Associated Microenvironment (RYTME), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1312 Inserm, Pessac, France
| | | | - Abdel-Majid Khatib
- Reprograming Tumor Activity and Associated Microenvironment (RYTME), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1312 Inserm, Pessac, France.,Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Shi L, Sun HJ, Zeng JJ, Liang ZQ, Lin YH, Huang SN, Zeng JH, Yang L, Chen H, Luo J, Wei KL. Evaluation of miR-141-3p over-expression in ovarian cancer. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
106
|
Tang Y, Tian W, Xie J, Zou Y, Wang Z, Li N, Zeng Y, Wu L, Zhang Y, Wu S, Xie X, Yang L. Prognosis and Dissection of Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Breast Cancer Based on Fatty Acid Metabolism-Related Signature. Front Immunol 2022; 13:843515. [PMID: 35432381 PMCID: PMC9009264 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.843515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid metabolism has been deciphered to augment tumorigenesis and disease progression in addition to therapy resistance via strengthened lipid synthesis, storage, and catabolism. Breast cancer is strongly associated with the biological function of fatty acid metabolism owing to the abundant presence of adipocytes in breast tissue. It has been unraveled that tumor cells exhibit considerable plasticity based on fatty acid metabolism, responding to extra-tumoral and a range of metabolic signals, in which tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role. However, the prognostic significance of fatty acid metabolism in breast cancer remains to be further investigated. Alongside these insights, we retrieved 269 reliable fatty acid metabolism-related genes (FMGs) and identified the landscape of copy number variations and expression level among those genes. Additionally, 11 overall survival-related FMGs were clarified by univariate Cox hazards regression analysis in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) databases. Subsequently, a prognostic signature based on 6 overall survival (OS)-related FMGs was generated using Lasso Cox hazards regression analysis in TCGA dataset and was validated in two external cohorts. The correlation between the signature and several essential clinical parameters, including T, N, and PAM50 subtypes, was unveiled by comparing the accumulating signature value in various degrees. Furthermore, an optimal nomogram incorporating the signature, age, and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage was constructed, and the discrimination was verified by C-index, the calibration curve, and the decision curve analysis. The underlying implications for immune checkpoints inhibitors, the landscape of tumor immune microenvironment, and the predictive significance in therapy resistance to diverse strategies were depicted ultimately. In conclusion, our findings indicate the potential prognostic connotation of fatty acid metabolism in breast cancer, supporting novel insights into breast cancer patients’ prognosis and administrating effective immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Tang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Tian
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jindong Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yutian Zou
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zehao Wang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linyu Wu
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Jayathirtha M, Neagu AN, Whitham D, Alwine S, Darie CC. Investigation of the effects of overexpression of jumping translocation breakpoint (JTB) protein in MCF7 cells for potential use as a biomarker in breast cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1784-1823. [PMID: 35530281 PMCID: PMC9077082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Jumping translocation breakpoint (JTB) gene acts as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene in different malignancies, including breast cancer (BC), where it was reported as overexpressed. However, the molecular functions, biological processes and underlying mechanisms through which JTB protein causes increased cell growth, proliferation and invasion is still not fully deciphered. Our goal is to identify the functions of JTB protein by cellular proteomics approaches. MCF7 breast cancer cells were transfected with sense orientation of hJTB cDNA in HA, His and FLAG tagged CMV expression vector to overexpress hJTB and the expression levels were confirmed by Western blotting (WB). Proteins extracted from transfected cells were separated by SDS-PAGE and the in-gel digested peptides were analyzed by nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS). By comparing the proteome of cells with upregulated conditions of JTB vs control and identifying the protein dysregulation patterns, we aim to understand the function of this protein and its contribution to tumorigenesis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) algorithm was performed to investigate the biological processes and pathways that are associated with the JTB protein upregulation. The results demonstrated four significantly enriched gene sets from the following significantly upregulated pathways: mitotic spindle assembly, estrogen response late, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and estrogen response early. JTB protein itself is involved in mitotic spindle pathway by its role in cell division/cytokinesis, and within estrogen response early and late pathways, contributing to discrimination between luminal and mesenchymal breast cancer. Thus, the overexpressed JTB condition was significantly associated with an increased expression of ACTNs, FLNA, FLNB, EZR, MYOF, COL3A1, COL11A1, HSPA1A, HSP90A, WDR, EPPK1, FASN and FOXA1 proteins related to deregulation of cytoskeletal organization and biogenesis, mitotic spindle organization, ECM remodeling, cellular response to estrogen, proliferation, migration, metastasis, increased lipid biogenesis, endocrine therapy resistance, antiapoptosis and discrimination between different breast cancer subtypes. Other upregulated proteins for overexpressed JTB condition are involved in multiple cellular functions and pathways that become dysregulated, such as tumor microenvironment (TME) acidification, the transmembrane transport pathways, glycolytic flux, iron metabolism and oxidative stress, metabolic reprogramming, nucleocytosolic mRNA transport, transcriptional activation, chromatin remodeling, modulation of cell death pathways, stress responsive pathways, and cancer drug resistance. The downregulated proteins for overexpressed JTB condition are involved in adaptive communication between external and internal environment of cells and maintenance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways, vesicle trafficking and secretion, DNA lesions repair and suppression of genes involved in tumor progression, proteostasis, redox state regulation, biosynthesis of macromolecules, lipolytic pathway, carbohydrate metabolism, dysregulation of ubiquitin-mediated degradation system, cancer cell immune escape, cell-to-cell and cell-to-ECM interactions, and cytoskeletal behaviour. There were no significantly enriched downregulated pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Jayathirtha
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of IasiCarol I Bvd. No. 22, Iasi 700505, Romania
| | - Danielle Whitham
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Shelby Alwine
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Costel C Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Whitley JA, Kim S, Lou L, Ye C, Alsaidan OA, Sulejmani E, Cai J, Desrochers EG, Beharry Z, Rickman CB, Klingeborn M, Liu Y, Xie Z, Cai H. Encapsulating Cas9 into extracellular vesicles by protein myristoylation. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12196. [PMID: 35384352 PMCID: PMC8982324 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing is a very promising avenue for the treatment of a variety of genetic diseases. However, it is still very challenging to encapsulate CRISPR/Cas9 machinery for delivery. Protein N-myristoylation is an irreversible co/post-translational modification that results in the covalent attachment of the myristoyl-group to the N-terminus of a target protein. It serves as an anchor for a protein to associate with the cell membrane and determines its intracellular trafficking and activity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted vesicles that mediate cell-cell communication. In this study, we demonstrate that myristoylated proteins were preferentially encapsulated into EVs. The octapeptide derived from the leading sequence of the N-terminus of Src kinase was a favourable substrate for N-myristoyltransferase 1, the enzyme that catalyzes myristoylation. The fusion of the octapeptide onto the N-terminus of Cas9 promoted the myristoylation and encapsulation of Cas9 into EVs. Encapsulation of Cas9 and sgRNA-eGFP inside EVs was confirmed using protease digestion assays. Additionally, to increase the transfection potential, VSV-G was introduced into the EVs. The encapsulated Cas9 in EVs accounted for 0.7% of total EV protein. Importantly, the EVs coated with VSV-G encapsulating Cas9/sgRNA-eGFP showed up to 42% eGFP knock out efficiency with limited off-target effects in recipient cells. Our study provides a novel approach to encapsulate CRISPR/Cas9 protein and sgRNA into EVs. This strategy may open an effective avenue to utilize EVs as vehicles to deliver CRISPR/Cas9 for genome-editing-based gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Andrew Whitley
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical SciencesCollege of PharmacyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical SciencesCollege of PharmacyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Lei Lou
- School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Chenming Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical SciencesCollege of PharmacyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Omar Awad Alsaidan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical SciencesCollege of PharmacyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Essilvo Sulejmani
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical SciencesCollege of PharmacyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Jingwen Cai
- Department of Cellular Biology and AnatomyAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Ellison Gerona Desrochers
- School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Zanna Beharry
- Department of Chemical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Virgin IslandsSt. ThomasVirgin Islands
| | - Catherine Bowes Rickman
- Department of OphthalmologyDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and AnatomyAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Zhong‐Ru Xie
- School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Houjian Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical SciencesCollege of PharmacyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Dai J, Wang Y, Chen C, Tsai I, Chao Y, Lin C. YAP Dictates Mitochondrial Redox Homeostasis to Facilitate Obesity-Associated Breast Cancer Progression. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103687. [PMID: 35182054 PMCID: PMC9035999 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of hormones is considered a risk factor for obesity-mediated breast tumorigenesis; however, obesity is associated with poor outcomes among women diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is a hormone-independent breast cancer subtype. Thus, identifying the driving force behind the obesity-breast cancer relationship is an urgent need. Here it is identified that diet-induced obesity (DIO) facilitates tumorigenesis of TNBC cells. Mechanistically, DIO induces a metabolic addiction to fatty acid oxidation (FAO), accompanied by coordinated activation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling. Specifically, YAP governs mitochondrial redox homeostasis via transcriptional regulation of antioxidant-related enzymes, which renders tumor cells capable of extenuating FAO-elicited mitochondrial oxidative stress. Moreover, adipocytes-derived fatty acids are identified to be responsible for enhancing the FAO-YAP axis and antioxidative capacity, and higher expression of an obesity signature in breast cancer patients is positively correlated with YAP signaling and antioxidant genes. The findings uncover the crucial role of YAP in dictating mitochondrial redox homeostasis for obesity-mediated metabolic adaptation and breast tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Zih Dai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologySchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei110Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei110Taiwan
| | - Yen‐Ju Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologySchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei110Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei110Taiwan
| | - Cheng‐Hsun Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologySchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei110Taiwan
| | - I‐Lin Tsai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologySchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei110Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei110Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Chun Chao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologySchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei110Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei110Taiwan
| | - Cheng‐Wei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologySchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei110Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei110Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research CenterWan Fang HospitalTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei116Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research CenterKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung807Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Zheng K, Chen S, Hu X. Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator-1 Alpha: A Double-Edged Sword in Prostate Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:541-559. [PMID: 35362394 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220330194149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α/PPARGC1A) is a pivotal transcriptional coactivator involved in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism, including biogenesis and oxidative metabolism. PGC-1α is finely regulated by AMP-activated protein kinases (AMPKs), the role of which in tumors remains controversial to date. In recent years, a growing amount of research on PGC-1α and tumor metabolism has emphasized its importance in a variety of tumors, including prostate cancer (PCA). Compelling evidence has shown that PGC-1α may play dual roles in promoting and inhibiting tumor development under certain conditions. Therefore, a better understanding of the critical role of PGC-1α in PCA pathogenesis will provide new insights into targeting PGC-1α for the treatment of this disease. In this review, we highlight the procancer and anticancer effects of PGC-1α in PCA and aim to provide a theoretical basis for targeting AMPK/PGC-1α to inhibit the development of PCA. In addition, our recent findings provide a candidate drug target and theoretical basis for targeting PGC-1α to regulate lipid metabolism in PCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zheng
- Department of urology, Shanghai Sixth People\'s Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Suzhen Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People\'s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\'s Hospital, China
| | - Xiaoyong Hu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People\'s Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Chan KS, Cheung SM, Senn N, Husain E, Masannat Y, Heys S, He J. Peri-tumoural spatial distribution of lipid composition and tubule formation in breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:285. [PMID: 35300617 PMCID: PMC8928628 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Response guided treatment in breast cancer is highly desirable, but the effectiveness is only established based on residual cellularity from histopathological analysis after surgery. Tubule formation, a key component of grading score, is directly associated with cellularity, with significant implications on prognosis. Peri-tumoural lipid composition, a potential marker, can be rapidly mapped across the entire breast using novel method of chemical shift-encoded imaging, enabling the quantification of spatial distribution. We hypothesise that peri-tumoural spatial distribution of lipid composition is sensitive to tumour cellular differentiation and proliferative activity. METHODS Twenty whole tumour specimens freshly excised from patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (9 Score 2 and 11 Score 3 in tubule formation) were scanned on a 3 T clinical scanner (Achieva TX, Philips Healthcare). Quantitative lipid composition maps were acquired for polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, and saturated fatty acids (PUFA, MUFA, SFA). The peri-tumoural spatial distribution (mean, skewness, entropy and kurtosis) of each lipid constituent were then computed. The proliferative activity marker Ki-67 and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were assessed histologically. RESULTS For MUFA, there were significant differences between groups in mean (p = 0.0119), skewness (p = 0.0116), entropy (p = 0.0223), kurtosis (p = 0.0381), and correlations against Ki-67 in mean (ρ = -0.5414), skewness (ρ = 0.6045) and entropy (ρ = 0.6677), and TILs in mean (ρ = -0.4621). For SFA, there were significant differences between groups in mean (p = 0.0329) and skewness (p = 0.0111), and correlation against Ki-67 in mean (ρ = 0.5910). For PUFA, there was no significant difference in mean, skewness, entropy or kurtosis between the groups. CONCLUSIONS There was an association between peri-tumoural spatial distribution of lipid composition with tumour cellular differentiation and proliferation. Peri-tumoural lipid composition imaging might have potential in non-invasive quantitative assessment of patients with breast cancer for treatment planning and monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwok-Shing Chan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sai Man Cheung
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
| | - Nicholas Senn
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Ehab Husain
- Pathology Department, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Steven Heys
- Breast Unit, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Jiabao He
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Zhou H, Zhang J, Yan Z, Qu M, Zhang G, Han J, Wang F, Sun K, Wang L, Yang X. DECR1 directly activates HSL to promote lipolysis in cervical cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159090. [PMID: 34896618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids have a high turnover rate in cancer cells to supply energy for tumor growth and proliferation. Lipolysis is particularly important for the regulation of fatty acid homeostasis and in the maintenance of cancer cells. In the current study, we explored how 2,4-Dienoyl-CoA reductase (DECR1), a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase associated with mitochondrial and cytoplasmic compartments, promotes cancer cell growth. We report that DECR1 overexpression significantly reduced the triglyceride (TAG) content in HeLa cells; conversely, DECR1 silencing increased intracellular TAG content. Subsequently, our experiments demonstrate that DECR1 promotes lipolysis via effects on hormone sensitive lipase (HSL). The direct interaction of DECR1 with HSL increases HSL phosphorylation and activity, facilitating the translocation of HSL to lipid droplets. The ensuing enhancement of lipolysis thus increases the release of free fatty acids. Downstream effects include the promotion of cervical cancer cell migration and growth, associated with the enhanced levels of p62 protein. In summary, high levels of DECR1 serves to enhance lipolysis and the release of fatty acid energy stores to support cervical cancer cell growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhou
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Institute of Health Sciences Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Institute of Health Sciences Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - ZhongKang Yan
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Institute of Health Sciences Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Min Qu
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Institute of Health Sciences Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Gaojian Zhang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Institute of Health Sciences Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Jianxiong Han
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Institute of Health Sciences Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Institute of Health Sciences Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Kai Sun
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Xingyuan Yang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Institute of Health Sciences Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Lyu X, Zhang Q, Fares HM, Wang Y, Han Y, Sun L. Contribution of adipocytes in the tumor microenvironment to breast cancer metabolism. Cancer Lett 2022; 534:215616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
114
|
The Complex Biology of the Obesity-Induced, Metastasis-Promoting Tumor Microenvironment in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052480. [PMID: 35269622 PMCID: PMC8910079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in women contributing to cancer-related death in the advanced world. Apart from the menopausal status, the trigger for developing breast cancer may vary widely from race to lifestyle factors. Epidemiological studies refer to obesity-associated metabolic changes as a critical risk factor behind the progression of breast cancer. The plethora of signals arising due to obesity-induced changes in adipocytes present in breast tumor microenvironment, significantly affect the behavior of adjacent breast cells. Adipocytes from white adipose tissue are currently recognized as an active endocrine organ secreting different bioactive compounds. However, due to excess energy intake and increased fat accumulation, there are morphological followed by secretory changes in adipocytes, which make the breast microenvironment proinflammatory. This proinflammatory milieu not only increases the risk of breast cancer development through hormone conversion, but it also plays a role in breast cancer progression through the activation of effector proteins responsible for the biological phenomenon of metastasis. The aim of this review is to present a comprehensive picture of the complex biology of obesity-induced changes in white adipocytes and demonstrate the relationship between obesity and breast cancer progression to metastasis.
Collapse
|
115
|
Ippolito L, Comito G, Parri M, Iozzo M, Duatti A, Virgilio F, Lorito N, Bacci M, Pardella E, Sandrini G, Bianchini F, Damiano R, Ferrone L, la Marca G, Serni S, Spatafora P, Catapano CV, Morandi A, Giannoni E, Chiarugi P. Lactate rewires lipid metabolism and sustains a metabolic-epigenetic axis in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1267-1282. [PMID: 35135811 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lactate is an abundant oncometabolite in the tumor environment. In prostate cancer (PCa), cancer-associated fibroblasts are major contributors of secreted lactate, which can be taken up by cancer cells to sustain mitochondrial metabolism. However, how lactate impacts transcriptional regulation in tumors has yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we describe a mechanism by which CAF-secreted lactate is able to increase the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism in PCa cells.This regulation enhanced intracellular lipid accumulation in lipid droplets (LD) and provided acetyl moieties for histone acetylation, establishing a regulatory loop between metabolites and epigenetic modification. Inhibition of this loop by targeting the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) protein family of histone acetylation readers suppressed the expression of perilipin-2 (PLIN2), a crucial component of LDs, disrupting lactate-dependent lipid metabolic rewiring. Inhibition of this CAF-induced metabolic-epigenetic regulatory loop in vivo reduced growth and metastasis of prostate cancer cells, demonstrating its translational relevance as a therapeutic target in PCa. Clinically, PLIN2 expression was elevated in tumors with a higher Gleason grade and in castration resistant prostate cancer compared to primary PCa. Overall, these findings show that lactate has both a metabolic and an epigenetic role in promoting PCa progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Ippolito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Giuseppina Comito
- Department of Exsperimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Matteo Parri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Marta Iozzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Assia Duatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Francesca Virgilio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Nicla Lorito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Marina Bacci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Elisa Pardella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Giada Sandrini
- Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Oncology Research
| | | | - Roberta Damiano
- Newborn Screening Neonatal, biochemistry and pharmacology, Meyer Children's Hospital
| | | | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | | | - Pietro Spatafora
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence
| | - Carlo V Catapano
- Universita' della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Institute of Oncology Research
| | - Andrea Morandi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Elisa Giannoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Crewe C, Scherer PE. Intercellular and interorgan crosstalk through adipocyte extracellular vesicles. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:61-69. [PMID: 33447986 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-020-09625-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Functional adipose tissue is essential for homeostatic maintenance of systemic metabolism. As such, adipose tissue dysfunction, like that seen in the obese state, directly contributes to system-wide pathological metabolism, leading to the development of type 2 diabetes and other obesity-associated comorbidities. In addition to the storage function of adipocytes, they also secrete numerous factors that robustly regulate metabolism-related pathways throughout the body. Many of these factors, in addition to other signaling proteins, RNA species and lipids, are found in extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from adipocytes. EVs are vesicles with a lipid bilayer, known to carry signaling proteins and lipids, mRNAs and miRNAs. Because of this diverse cargo, EVs can have robust and pleotropic signaling effects depending on the receiving target cells. We are only now starting to understand how adipocyte EVs can modulate metabolism within adipose tissue and beyond. Here, we highlight the current literature that demonstrates EV-mediated crosstalk between adipocytes and other tissues or distal cells. We become increasingly aware of the importance of these adipocyte-derived EV signals that establish a so far underappreciated endocrine system. Adipocyte EVs offer a new avenue for pharmacological manipulation of metabolism to treat obesity-related disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Capece D, Franzoso G. Rewired lipid metabolism as an actionable vulnerability of aggressive colorectal carcinoma. Mol Cell Oncol 2022; 9:2024051. [PMID: 35252551 PMCID: PMC8890390 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2021.2024051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells reprogram lipid metabolism to fuel cell division, adaptation to stress, and metastatic dissemination. NF-κB transcription factors control this mechanism in aggressive Consensus Molecular Subtype (CMS)4 of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) via triacylglycerol (TAG) lipase, carboxylesterase 1 (CES1), thereby linking obesity-associated inflammation with metabolic adaptation and cytoprotection from lipid-induced toxicity. Our findings identify a potential therapeutic route to treat patients with metastasis-prone CRC and provide an example for targeting core tumor subtype-based vulnerabilities in cancers beyond CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria Capece
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Guido Franzoso
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Liu B, Zhang X. Metabolic Reprogramming Underlying Brain Metastasis of Breast Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:791927. [PMID: 35071325 PMCID: PMC8766845 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.791927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of brain metastasis is a major cause of death in patients with breast cancer, characterized by rapid progression of the disease and poor prognosis, and lack of effective treatment has existed as an unresolved issue clinically. Extensive research has shown that a variety of metabolic changes associated with cellular metastasis exist in primary breast cancer or brain metastases, therefore to elucidate metabolic characteristics at each step of the metastasis cascade will provide important clues to the efficient treatment. In this review, we discuss the changes in metabolic patterns of breast cancer cells at every step of metastasis for exploring the potential therapeutic target based on metabolic reprogramming, and provide new insights on the design and development of drugs for breast cancer brain metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoyi Liu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China.,Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Tumor Metabolism Is Affected by Obesity in Preclinical Models of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030562. [PMID: 35158830 PMCID: PMC8833372 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Obesity promotes both development and progression of breast cancer. As a disease, obesity is followed by hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperlipidemia. The impact of obesity, accumulation of fat depots, and related markers on the metabolism of tumors still remains poorly understood. The aim of this study is to characterize the putative differences in the metabolism of tumors from obese and lean mice. The findings reported here could help tailor personalized treatments targeting tumor metabolism in obese cancer patients by identifying the metabolic preferences of these tumors. Abstract Obesity is characterized by an excessive fat mass accumulation associated with multiple disorders, including impaired glucose homeostasis, altered adipokine levels, and hyperlipidemia. Despite clear associations between tumor progression and obesity, the effects of these disorders on tumor metabolism remain largely unknown. Thus, we studied the metabolic differences between tumors of obese and lean mice in murine models of triple-negative breast cancer (E0771 and PY8819). For this purpose, a real-time hyperpolarized 1-13C-pyruvate-to-lactate conversion was studied before and after glucose administration in fasting mice. This work was completed by U-13C glucose tracing experiments using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, as well as mass spectrometry (MS). Ex vivo analyses included immunostainings of major lipid, glucose, and monocarboxylic acids transporters. On the one hand, we discovered that tumors of obese mice yield higher lactate/pyruvate ratios after glucose administration. On the other hand, we found that the same tumors produce higher levels of lactate and alanine from glucose than tumors from lean mice, while no differences on the expression of key transporters associated with glycolysis (i.e., GLUT1, MCT1, MCT4) have been observed. In conclusion, our data suggests that breast tumor metabolism is regulated by the host’s physiological status, such as obesity and diabetes.
Collapse
|
120
|
Yu X, Mi S, Ye J, Lou G. Aberrant lipid metabolism in cancer cells and tumor microenvironment: the player rather than bystander in cancer progression and metastasis. J Cancer 2022; 12:7498-7506. [PMID: 35003369 PMCID: PMC8734401 DOI: 10.7150/jca.64833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As the primary cause of cancer-induced fatality and morbidity, cancer metastasis has been a hard nut to crack. Existing studies indicate that lipid metabolism reprogramming occurring in cancer cells and surrounding cells in TME also endows the aggressive and spreading properties with malignant cells. In this review we describe the lipid metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells at different steps along the metastatic process, we also summarize the altered lipid metabolism of non-cancer cells in TME during tumor metastasis. Additionally, we reveal both intrinsic and extrinsic factors which influence the cellular lipid metabolism reprogramming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiujing Yu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuyi Mi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guochun Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Aird R, Wills J, Roby KF, Bénézech C, Stimson RH, Wabitsch M, Pollard JW, Finch A, Michailidou Z. Hypoxia-driven metabolic reprogramming of adipocytes fuels cancer cell proliferation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:989523. [PMID: 36329893 PMCID: PMC9623062 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.989523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity increases the risk of certain cancers, especially tumours that reside close to adipose tissue (breast and ovarian metastasis in the omentum). The obesogenic and tumour micro-environment share a common pathogenic feature, oxygen deprivation (hypoxia). Here we test how hypoxia changes the metabolome of adipocytes to assist cancer cell growth. METHODS Human and mouse breast and ovarian cancer cell lines were co-cultured with human and mouse adipocytes respectively under normoxia or hypoxia. Proliferation and lipid uptake in cancer cells were measured by commercial assays. Metabolite changes under normoxia or hypoxia were measured in the media of human adipocytes by targeted LC/MS. RESULTS Hypoxic cancer-conditioned media increased lipolysis in both human and mouse adipocytes. This led to increased transfer of lipids to cancer cells and consequent increased proliferation under hypoxia. These effects were dependent on HIF1α expression in adipocytes, as mouse adipocytes lacking HIF1α showed blunted responses under hypoxic conditions. Targeted metabolomics of the human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) adipocytes media revealed that culture with hypoxic-conditioned media from non-malignant mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) can alter the adipocyte metabolome and drive proliferation of the non-malignant cells. CONCLUSION Here, we show that hypoxia in the adipose-tumour microenvironment is the driving force of the lipid uptake in both mammary and ovarian cancer cells. Hypoxia can modify the adipocyte metabolome towards accelerated lipolysis, glucose deprivation and reduced ketosis. These metabolic shifts in adipocytes could assist both mammary epithelial and cancer cells to bypass the inhibitory effects of hypoxia on proliferation and thrive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Aird
- University/British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J. Wills
- MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - K. F. Roby
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, KS, United States
| | - C. Bénézech
- University/British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - R. H. Stimson
- University/British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M. Wabitsch
- University Medical Center Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm, Germany
| | - J. W. Pollard
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A. Finch
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Z. Michailidou
- University/British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Z. Michailidou,
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Adipose Triglyceride Lipase in Hepatic Physiology and Pathophysiology. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010057. [PMID: 35053204 PMCID: PMC8773762 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is extremely active in oxidizing triglycerides (TG) for energy production. An imbalance between TG synthesis and hydrolysis leads to metabolic disorders in the liver, including excessive lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and ultimately liver damage. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is the rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the first step of TG breakdown to glycerol and fatty acids. Although its role in controlling lipid homeostasis has been relatively well-studied in the adipose tissue, heart, and skeletal muscle, it remains largely unknown how and to what extent ATGL is regulated in the liver, responds to stimuli and regulators, and mediates disease progression. Therefore, in this review, we describe the current understanding of the structure–function relationship of ATGL, the molecular mechanisms of ATGL regulation at translational and post-translational levels, and—most importantly—its role in lipid and glucose homeostasis in health and disease with a focus on the liver. Advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatic lipid accumulation are crucial to the development of targeted therapies for treating hepatic metabolic disorders.
Collapse
|
123
|
Li Y, Wang K, Chen Y, Cai J, Qin X, Lu A, Guan D, Qin G, Chen W. A System Pharmacology Model for Decoding the Synergistic Mechanisms of Compound Kushen Injection in Treating Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:723147. [PMID: 34899291 PMCID: PMC8660088 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.723147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors among women worldwide and can be treated using various methods; however, side effects of these treatments cannot be ignored. Increasing evidence indicates that compound kushen injection (CKI) can be used to treat BC. However, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is characterized by “multi-components” and “multi-targets”, which make it challenging to clarify the potential therapeutic mechanisms of CKI on BC. Herein, we designed a novel system pharmacology strategy using differentially expressed gene analysis, pharmacokinetics synthesis screening, target identification, network analysis, and docking validation to construct the synergy contribution degree (SCD) and therapeutic response index (TRI) model to capture the critical components responding to synergistic mechanisms of CKI in BC. Through our designed mathematical models, we defined 24 components as a high contribution group of synergistic components (HCGSC) from 113 potentially active components of CKI based on ADME parameters. Pathway enrichment analysis of HCGSC targets indicated that Rhizoma Heterosmilacis and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis could synergistically target the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the cAMP signaling pathway to treat BC. Additionally, TRI analysis showed that the average affinity of HCGSC and targets involved in the key pathways reached -6.47 kcal/mmol, while in vitro experiments proved that two of the three high TRI-scored components in the HCGSC showed significant inhibitory effects on breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. These results demonstrate the accuracy and reliability of the proposed strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Neurosurgery Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieqi Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daogang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Genggeng Qin
- Department of Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiguo Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Cai L, Ying M, Wu H. Microenvironmental Factors Modulating Tumor Lipid Metabolism: Paving the Way to Better Antitumoral Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:777273. [PMID: 34888248 PMCID: PMC8649922 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.777273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is one of the emerging hallmarks of cancer and is driven by both the oncogenic mutations and challenging microenvironment. To satisfy the demands of energy and biomass for rapid proliferation, the metabolism of various nutrients in tumor cells undergoes important changes, among which the aberrant lipid metabolism has gained increasing attention in facilitating tumor development and metastasis in the past few years. Obstacles emerged in the aspect of application of targeting lipid metabolism for tumor therapy, due to lacking of comprehensive understanding on its regulating mechanism. Tumor cells closely interact with stromal niche, which highly contributes to metabolic rewiring of critical nutrients in cancer cells. This fact makes the impact of microenvironment on tumor lipid metabolism a topic of renewed interest. Abundant evidence has shown that many factors existing in the tumor microenvironment can rewire multiple signaling pathways and proteins involved in lipid metabolic pathways of cancer cells. Hence in this review, we summarized the recent progress on the understanding of microenvironmental factors regulating tumor lipid metabolism, and discuss the potential of modulating lipid metabolism as an anticancer approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limeng Cai
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minfeng Ying
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Mentoor I, Engelbrecht AM, van de Vyver M, van Jaarsveld PJ, Nell T. The paracrine effects of adipocytes on lipid metabolism in doxorubicin-treated triple negative breast cancer cells. Adipocyte 2021; 10:505-523. [PMID: 34812105 PMCID: PMC8632082 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2021.1979758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes in the breast tumour microenvironment promotes acquired treatment resistance. We used an in vitro adipocyte-conditioned media approach to investigate the direct paracrine effects of adipocyte secretory factors on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells treated with doxorubicin to clarify the underlying treatment resistance mechanisms. Cell-viability assays, and Western blots were performed to determine alterations in apoptotic, proliferation and lipid metabolism protein markers. Free fatty acids (FFA) and inflammatory markers in the collected treatment-conditioned media were also quantified. Adipocyte secretory factors increased the cell-viability of doxorubicin-treated cells (p < 0.0001), which did not correspond to apoptosis or proliferation pathways. Adipocyte secretory factors increased the protein expression of hormone-sensitive lipase (p < 0.05) in doxorubicin-treated cells. Adipocyte secretory factors increased the utilization of leptin (p < 0.05) and MCP-1 (p < 0.01) proteins and possibly inhibited release of linoleic acid by doxorubicin-treated cells (treatment-conditioned media FFA profiles). Adipocyte secretory factors induced doxorubicin treatment resistance, by increasing the utilization of inflammatory mediators and inhibiting the release of FFA by doxorubicin-treated cells. This further promotes inflammation and lipid metabolic reprogramming (lipid storage) in the tumour microenvironment, which breast cancer cells use to evade the toxic effects induced by doxorubicin and confers to acquired treatment resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilze Mentoor
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- African Cancer Institute (ACI), Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- African Cancer Institute (ACI), Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Mari van de Vyver
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Paul J. van Jaarsveld
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Theo Nell
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Hoy AJ, Nagarajan SR, Butler LM. Tumour fatty acid metabolism in the context of therapy resistance and obesity. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:753-766. [PMID: 34417571 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid metabolism is known to support tumorigenesis and disease progression as well as treatment resistance through enhanced lipid synthesis, storage and catabolism. More recently, the role of membrane fatty acid composition, for example, ratios of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, in promoting cell survival while limiting lipotoxicity and ferroptosis has been increasingly appreciated. Alongside these insights, it has become clear that tumour cells exhibit plasticity with respect to fatty acid metabolism, responding to extratumoural and systemic metabolic signals, such as obesity and cancer therapeutics, to promote the development of aggressive, treatment-resistant disease. Here, we describe cellular fatty acid metabolic changes that are connected to therapy resistance and contextualize obesity-associated changes in host fatty acid metabolism that likely influence the local tumour microenvironment to further modify cancer cell behaviour while simultaneously creating potential new vulnerabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hoy
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Shilpa R Nagarajan
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa M Butler
- Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Stadler SC, Burkhardt R. Fatty acid metabolism in cancer cells - the power of plasticity. Curr Opin Lipidol 2021; 32:387-388. [PMID: 34751166 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja C Stadler
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
128
|
Elevated ATGL in colon cancer cells and cancer stem cells promotes metabolic and tumorigenic reprogramming reinforced by obesity. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:82. [PMID: 34845203 PMCID: PMC8630180 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00373-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic associated with increased risk and progression of colon cancer. Here, we aimed to determine the role of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), responsible for intracellular lipid droplet (LD) utilization, in obesity-driven colonic tumorigenesis. In local colon cancer patients, significantly increased ATGL levels in tumor tissue, compared to controls, were augmented in obese individuals. Elevated ATGL levels in human colon cancer cells (CCC) relative to non-transformed were augmented by an obesity mediator, oleic acid (OA). In CCC and colonospheres, enriched in colon cancer stem cells (CCSC), inhibition of ATGL prevented LDs utilization and inhibited OA-stimulated growth through retinoblastoma-mediated cell cycle arrest. Further, transcriptomic analysis of CCC, with inhibited ATGL, revealed targeted pathways driving tumorigenesis, and high-fat-diet obesity facilitated tumorigenic pathways. Inhibition of ATGL in colonospheres revealed targeted pathways in human colonic tumor crypt base cells (enriched in CCSC) derived from colon cancer patients. In CCC and colonospheres, we validated selected transcripts targeted by ATGL inhibition, some with emerging roles in colonic tumorigeneses (ATG2B, PCK2, PGAM1, SPTLC2, IGFBP1, and ABCC3) and others with established roles (MYC and MUC2). These findings demonstrate obesity-promoted, ATGL-mediated colonic tumorigenesis and establish the therapeutic significance of ATGL in obesity-reinforced colon cancer progression.
Collapse
|
129
|
Duric N, Sak M, Littrup PJ. The Potential Role of the Fat-Glandular Interface (FGI) in Breast Carcinogenesis: Results from an Ultrasound Tomography (UST) Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5615. [PMID: 34884317 PMCID: PMC8658427 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10235615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the relationship between the extent of the fat-glandular interface (FGI) and the presence of malignant vs. benign lesions. Two hundred and eight patients were scanned with ultrasound tomography (UST) as part of a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)-compliant study. Segmentation of the sound speed images, employing the k-means clustering method, was used to help define the extent of the FGI for each patient. The metric, α, was defined as the surface area to volume ratio of the segmented fibroglandular volume and its mean value across patients was determined for cancers, fibroadenomas and cysts. ANOVA tests were used to assess significance. The means and standard deviations of α for cancers, fibroadenomas and cysts were found to be 4.0 ± 2.0 cm-1, 3.1 ± 1.7 cm-1 and 2.3 ± 0.9 cm-1, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The separation between the groups increased when α was measured on only the image slice where the finding was most prominent, with values for cancers, fibroadenomas and cysts of 5.4 ± 3.6 cm-1, 3.6 ± 2.3 cm-1 and 2.4 ± 1.5 cm-1, respectively. Of the three types of masses studied, cancer was associated with the most extensive FGIs, suggesting a potential role for the FGI in carcinogenesis, a subject for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nebojsa Duric
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Delphinus Medical Technologies Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA;
| | - Mark Sak
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| | - Peter J. Littrup
- Delphinus Medical Technologies Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA;
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
MCF-7 Drug Resistant Cell Lines Switch Their Lipid Metabolism to Triple Negative Breast Cancer Signature. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235871. [PMID: 34884983 PMCID: PMC8657222 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and adipose tissue have been closely related to a poor cancer prognosis, especially in prostate and breast cancer patients. The ability of transferring lipids from the adipose tissue to the tumor cells is actively linked to tumor progression. However, different types of breast tumor seem to use these lipids in different ways and metabolize them in different pathways. In this study we have tracked by mass spectrometry how palmitic acid from the adipocytes is released to media being later incorporated in different breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, SKBR3, BT474, MCF-7 and its resistant MCF-7 EPIR and MCF-7 TAXR). We have observed that different lines metabolize the palmitic acid in a different way and use their carbons in the synthesis of different new lipid families. Furthermore, we have observed that the lipid synthesis pattern varied according to the cell line. Surprisingly, the metabolic pattern of the resistant cells was more related to the TNBC cell line compared to their sensitive cell line MCF-7. These results allow us to determine a specific lipid pattern in different cell lines that later might be used in breast cancer diagnosis and to find a better treatment according to the cancer molecular type.
Collapse
|
131
|
Huang J, Wang J, He H, Huang Z, Wu S, Chen C, Liu W, Xie L, Tao Y, Cong L, Jiang Y. Close interactions between lncRNAs, lipid metabolism and ferroptosis in cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:4493-4513. [PMID: 34803512 PMCID: PMC8579446 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.66181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal lipid metabolism including synthesis, uptake, modification, degradation and transport has been considered a hallmark of malignant tumors and contributes to the supply of substances and energy for rapid cell growth. Meanwhile, abnormal lipid metabolism is also associated with lipid peroxidation, which plays an important role in a newly discovered type of regulated cell death termed ferroptosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proven to be associated with the occurrence and progression of cancer. Growing evidence indicates that lncRNAs are key regulators of abnormal lipid metabolism and ferroptosis in cancer. In this review, we mainly summarized the mechanism by which lncRNAs regulate aberrant lipid metabolism in cancer, illustrated that lipid metabolism can also influence the expression of lncRNAs, and discussed the mechanism by which lncRNAs affect ferroptosis. A comprehensive understanding of the interactions between lncRNAs, lipid metabolism and ferroptosis could help us to develop novel strategies for precise cancer treatment in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua He
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Zichen Huang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Sufang Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Chao Chen
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenbing Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 Hunan, China
| | - Li Cong
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Yiqun Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Jafari N, Kolla M, Meshulam T, Shafran JS, Qiu Y, Casey AN, Pompa IR, Ennis CS, Mazzeo CS, Rabhi N, Farmer SR, Denis GV. Adipocyte-derived exosomes may promote breast cancer progression in type 2 diabetes. Sci Signal 2021; 14:eabj2807. [PMID: 34813359 PMCID: PMC8765301 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abj2807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic diseases, such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D), are associated with metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Here, we investigated the critical cellular and molecular factors behind this link. We found that primary human adipocytes shed extracellular vesicles, specifically exosomes, that induced the expression of genes associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem–like cell (CSC) traits in cocultured breast cancer cell lines. Transcription of these genes was further increased in cells exposed to exosomes shed from T2D patient–derived adipocytes or insulin-resistant adipocytes and required the epigenetic reader proteins BRD2 and BRD4 in recipient cells. The thrombospondin family protein TSP5, which is associated with cancer, was more abundant in exosomes from T2D or insulin-resistant adipocytes and partially contributed to EMT in recipient cells. Bioinformatic analysis of breast cancer patient tissue showed that greater coexpression of COMP (which encodes TSP5) and BRD2 or BRD3 correlated with poorer prognosis, specifically decreased distant metastasis–free survival. Our findings reveal a mechanism of exosome-mediated cross-talk between metabolically abnormal adipocytes and breast cancer cells that may promote tumor aggressiveness in patients with T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naser Jafari
- Boston University-Boston Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Manohar Kolla
- Boston University-Boston Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Tova Meshulam
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jordan S. Shafran
- Boston University-Boston Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Current affiliation: Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
| | - Yuhan Qiu
- Boston University-Boston Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Allison N. Casey
- Boston University-Boston Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Current affiliation: University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Isabella R. Pompa
- Boston University-Boston Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Christina S. Ennis
- Boston University-Boston Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Carla S. Mazzeo
- Section of Gastroenterology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Nabil Rabhi
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Stephen R. Farmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Gerald V. Denis
- Boston University-Boston Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Shipley Prostate Cancer Research Professor, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Li G, Zhou X, Tian L, Meng G, Li B, Yu H, Li Y, Huo Z, Du L, Ma X, Xu B. Identification of aberrantly methylated-differentially expressed genes and potential agents for Ewing sarcoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1557. [PMID: 34790763 PMCID: PMC8576650 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Human DNA methylation is a common epigenetic regulatory mechanism, and it plays a critical role in various diseases. However, the potential role of DNA methylation in Ewing sarcoma (ES) is not clear. This study aimed to explore the regulatory roles of DNA methylation in ES. Methods The microarray data of gene expression and methylation were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and analyzed via GEO2R. Venn analysis was then applied to identify aberrantly methylated-differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, function and pathway enrichment analysis was conducted, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and hub genes were determined. Besides, a connectivity map (CMap) analysis was performed to screen bioactive compounds for ES treatment. Results A total of 135 hypomethylated high expression genes and 523 hypermethylated low expression genes were identified. The hypomethylated high expression genes were enriched in signal transduction and the apoptosis process. Meanwhile, hypermethylated low expression genes were related to DNA replication and transcription regulation. The PPI network analysis indicated C3, TF, and TCEB1 might serve as diagnostic and therapeutic targets of ES. Furthermore, CMap analysis revealed 6 chemicals as potential options for ES treatment. Conclusions The introduction of DNA methylation characteristics over DEGs is helpful to understand the pathogenesis of ES. The identified hub aberrantly methylated DEGs and chemicals might provide some novel insights on ES treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guowang Li
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Haikou Hospital of The Maternal and Child Health, Haikou, China
| | - Lijun Tian
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Gedong Meng
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongjin Li
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenxin Huo
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lilong Du
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinlong Ma
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Baoshan Xu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Mortezaee K, Majidpoor J. Key promoters of tumor hallmarks. Int J Clin Oncol 2021; 27:45-58. [PMID: 34773527 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-021-02074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Evolution of tumor hallmarks is a result of accommodation of tumor cells with their nearby milieu called tumor microenvironment (TME). Accommodation or adaptive responses is highly important for a cell to survive, without which no cell is allowed to take any further steps in tumorigenesis. Metabolism of cancer cells is largely depended on stroma. Composition and plasticity of cells within the stroma is highly affected from inflammatory setting of TME. Hypoxia which is a common event in many solid cancers, is known as one of the key hallmarks of chronic inflammation and the master regulator of metastasis. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is produced in the chronic inflammatory and chronic hypoxic settings, and it is considered as a cardinal factor for induction of all tumor hallmarks. Aging, obesity and smoking are the main predisposing factors of cancer, acting mainly through modulation of TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Tian C, Guo J, Miao Y, Zheng S, Sun B, Sun M, Ye Q, Liu W, Zhou S, Kamei KI, He Z, Sun J. Triglyceride-Mimetic Structure-Gated Prodrug Nanoparticles for Smart Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2021; 64:15936-15948. [PMID: 34723524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Off-target drug release and insufficient drug delivery are the main obstacles for effective anticancer chemotherapy. Prodrug-based self-assembled nanoparticles bioactivated under tumor-specific conditions are one of the effective strategies to achieve on-demand drug release and effective tumor accumulation. Herein, stimuli-activable prodrugs are designed yielding smart tumor delivery by combination of the triglyceride-mimic (TG-mimetic) prodrug structure and disulfide bond. Surprisingly, these prodrugs can self-assemble into uniform nanoparticles (NPs) with a high drug loading (over 40%) and accumulate in tumor sites specifically. The super hydrophobic TG structure can act as a gate that senses lipase to selectively control over NP dissociation and affect the glutathione-triggered prodrug activation. In addition, the impacts of the double bonds in the prodrug NPs on parent drug release and the following cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor efficiency are further demonstrated. Our findings highlight the promising potential of TG-mimetic structure-gated prodrug nanoparticles for tumor-specific drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chutong Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Yifan Miao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Shunzhe Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Bingjun Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Mengchi Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Wenxue Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Ken-Ichiro Kamei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Adipose Tissue-Breast Cancer Crosstalk Leads to Increased Tumor Lipogenesis Associated with Enhanced Tumor Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111881. [PMID: 34769312 PMCID: PMC8585035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to identify therapeutic targets for breast cancer by investigating the metabolic symbiosis between breast cancer and adipose tissue. To this end, we compared orthotopic E0771 breast cancer tumors that were in direct contact with adipose tissue with ectopic E0771 tumors in mice. Orthotopic tumors grew faster and displayed increased de novo lipogenesis compared to ectopic tumors. Adipocytes release large amounts of lactate, and we found that both lactate pretreatment and adipose tissue co-culture augmented de novo lipogenesis in E0771 cells. Continuous treatment with the selective FASN inhibitor Fasnall dose-dependently decreased the E0771 viability in vitro. However, daily Fasnall injections were effective only in 50% of the tumors, while the other 50% displayed accelerated growth. These opposing effects of Fasnall in vivo was recapitulated in vitro; intermittent Fasnall treatment increased the E0771 viability at lower concentrations and suppressed the viability at higher concentrations. In conclusion, our data suggest that adipose tissue enhances tumor growth by stimulating lipogenesis. However, targeting lipogenesis alone can be deleterious. To circumvent the tumor's ability to adapt to treatment, we therefore believe that it is necessary to apply an aggressive treatment, preferably targeting several metabolic pathways simultaneously, together with conventional therapy.
Collapse
|
137
|
Castelli S, De Falco P, Ciccarone F, Desideri E, Ciriolo MR. Lipid Catabolism and ROS in Cancer: A Bidirectional Liaison. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215484. [PMID: 34771647 PMCID: PMC8583096 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer cell metabolism was mainly considered to rely on glycolysis, with the concomitant impairment of mitochondrial metabolism, it has recently been demonstrated that several tumor types are sustained by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). In this context, endogenous fatty acids (FAs) deriving from lipolysis or lipophagy are oxidised into the mitochondrion, and are used as a source of energy through OXPHOS. Because the electron transport chain is the main source of ROS, cancer cells relying on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) need to be equipped with antioxidant systems that maintain the ROS levels under the death threshold. In those conditions, ROS can act as second messengers, favouring proliferation and survival. Herein, we highlight the different responses that tumor cells adopt when lipid catabolism is augmented, taking into account the different ROS fates. Many papers have demonstrated that the pro- or anti-tumoral roles of endogenous FA usage are hugely dependent on the tumor type, and on the capacity of cancer cells to maintain redox homeostasis. In light of this, clinical studies have taken advantage of the boosting of lipid catabolism to increase the efficacy of tumor therapy, whereas, in other contexts, antioxidant compounds are useful to reduce the pro-survival effects of ROS deriving from FAO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Castelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (P.D.F.); (E.D.)
| | - Pamela De Falco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (P.D.F.); (E.D.)
| | - Fabio Ciccarone
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Enrico Desideri
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (P.D.F.); (E.D.)
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (P.D.F.); (E.D.)
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via Della Pisana 235, 00163 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Yao H, He S. Multi‑faceted role of cancer‑associated adipocytes in the tumor microenvironment (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:866. [PMID: 34676881 PMCID: PMC8554381 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes are a type of stromal cell found in numerous different tissues that serve an active role in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) display a malignant phenotype and are found at the invasive tumor front, which mediates the crosstalk network between adipocytes (the precursor cells that will become cancer-associated adipocytes in the future) and cancer cells. The present review covers the mechanisms of adipocytes in the development of cancer, including metabolic reprogramming, chemotherapy resistance and adipokine regulation. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms involved in the adipocyte-cancer cell cycle in various types of cancer, including breast, ovarian, colon and rectal cancer, are discussed. Deciphering the complex network of CAA-cancer cell crosstalk will provide insights into tumor biology and optimize therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Yao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Songbing He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Clinical Significance of Peritumoral Adipose Tissue PET/CT Imaging Features for Predicting Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Breast Cancer. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11101029. [PMID: 34683170 PMCID: PMC8540268 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11101029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether textural parameters of peritumoral breast adipose tissue (AT) based on F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT could predict axillary lymph node metastasis in patients with breast cancer. A total of 326 breast cancer patients with preoperative FDG PET/CT were retrospectively enrolled. PET/CT images were visually assessed and the maximum FDG uptake of axillary lymph nodes (LN SUVmax) was measured. From peritumoral breast AT, 38 textural features of PET imaging were extracted. The diagnostic ability of PET based on visual analysis, LN SUVmax, and textural features of peritumoral breast AT for predicting axillary lymph node metastasis were assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values. Among the 38 peritumoral breast AT textural features, grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) entropy showed the highest AUC value (0.830) for predicting axillary lymph node metastasis. The value of GLCM entropy was higher than that of visual analysis (0.739; p < 0.05) and the AUC value was comparable to that of LN SUVmax (0.793; p > 0.05). In the subgroup analysis of patients with negative findings on visual analysis, GLCM entropy still showed a high diagnostic ability (AUC: 0.759) in predicting lymph node metastasis. The findings suggest a potential diagnostic role of PET/CT imaging features of peritumoral breast AT in predicting axillary lymph node metastasis in patients with breast cancer.
Collapse
|
140
|
Mohammad Mirzaei N, Su S, Sofia D, Hegarty M, Abdel-Rahman MH, Asadpoure A, Cebulla CM, Chang YH, Hao W, Jackson PR, Lee AV, Stover DG, Tatarova Z, Zervantonakis IK, Shahriyari L. A Mathematical Model of Breast Tumor Progression Based on Immune Infiltration. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11101031. [PMID: 34683171 PMCID: PMC8540934 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11101031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prominent type of cancer among women. Understanding the microenvironment of breast cancer and the interactions between cells and cytokines will lead to better treatment approaches for patients. In this study, we developed a data-driven mathematical model to investigate the dynamics of key cells and cytokines involved in breast cancer development. We used gene expression profiles of tumors to estimate the relative abundance of each immune cell and group patients based on their immune patterns. Dynamical results show the complex interplay between cells and molecules, and sensitivity analysis emphasizes the direct effects of macrophages and adipocytes on cancer cell growth. In addition, we observed the dual effect of IFN-γ on cancer proliferation, either through direct inhibition of cancer cells or by increasing the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T-cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Navid Mohammad Mirzaei
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (N.M.M.); (S.S.); (D.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Sumeyye Su
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (N.M.M.); (S.S.); (D.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Dilruba Sofia
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (N.M.M.); (S.S.); (D.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Maura Hegarty
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (N.M.M.); (S.S.); (D.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Mohamed H. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.H.A.-R.); (C.M.C.); (D.G.S.)
| | - Alireza Asadpoure
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA;
| | - Colleen M. Cebulla
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.H.A.-R.); (C.M.C.); (D.G.S.)
| | - Young Hwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine (OCSSB), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (Y.H.C.); (Z.T.)
| | - Wenrui Hao
- Department of Mathematics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
| | - Pamela R. Jackson
- Mathematical NeuroOncology Lab, Precision Neurotherapeutics Innovation Program, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA;
| | - Adrian V. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA;
| | - Daniel G. Stover
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.H.A.-R.); (C.M.C.); (D.G.S.)
| | - Zuzana Tatarova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine (OCSSB), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (Y.H.C.); (Z.T.)
| | - Ioannis K. Zervantonakis
- Department of Bioengineering, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA;
| | - Leili Shahriyari
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (N.M.M.); (S.S.); (D.S.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Abstract
Despite the advances in immunotherapies, effective against some types of
cancer, progression of several types of carcinoma remains uncurable. Recent
studies indicate that changes in lipid metabolism, aggravated by obesity,
disable anti-tumor immune response. In the July issue of
Immunity, Xu et al. use mouse models to demonstrate that
certain types of oxidized lipids, transported by CD36, suppress the capacity of
CD8+ T lymphocytes to secrete cytotoxic molecules. This study
sheds light on how lipid modifications in the tumor microenvironment make killer
T cells incapable of inhibiting tumor growth.
Collapse
|
142
|
Wei G, Sun H, Dong K, Hu L, Wang Q, Zhuang Q, Zhu Y, Zhang X, Shao Y, Tang H, Li Z, Chen S, Lu J, Wang Y, Gan X, Zhong TP, Gui D, Hu X, Wang L, Liu J. The thermogenic activity of adjacent adipocytes fuels the progression of ccRCC and compromises anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy. Cell Metab 2021; 33:2021-2039.e8. [PMID: 34508696 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) preferentially invades into perinephric adipose tissue (PAT), a process associated with poor prognosis. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying this interaction remain elusive. Here, we describe a bi-directional communication between ccRCC cells and the PAT. We found that ccRCC cells secrete parathyroid-hormone-related protein (PTHrP) to promote the browning of PAT by PKA activation, while PAT-mediated thermogenesis results in the release of excess lactate to enhance ccRCC growth, invasion, and metastasis. Further, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) extensively used in the treatment of ccRCC enhanced this vicious cycle of ccRCC-PAT communication by promoting the browning of PAT. However, if this cross-communication was short circuited by the pharmacological suppression of adipocyte browning via H89 or KT5720, the anti-tumor efficacy of the TKI, sunitinib, was enhanced. These results suggest that ccRCC-PAT cross-communication has important clinical relevance, and use of combined therapy holds great promise in enhancing the efficacy of TKIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wei
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Honglin Sun
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kai Dong
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Libing Hu
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qian Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xianjing Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yaodi Shao
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huiru Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhenfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Suzhen Chen
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junxi Lu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xinxin Gan
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tao P Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Dingkun Gui
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoyong Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Linhui Wang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Junli Liu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Terceiro LEL, Edechi CA, Ikeogu NM, Nickel BE, Hombach-Klonisch S, Sharif T, Leygue E, Myal Y. The Breast Tumor Microenvironment: A Key Player in Metastatic Spread. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4798. [PMID: 34638283 PMCID: PMC8507966 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in the tumorigenesis, progression, and metastatic spread of many cancers including breast. There is now increasing evidence to support the observations that a bidirectional interplay between breast cancer cells and stromal cells exists within the tumor and the tumor microenvironment both at the primary tumor site and at the metastatic site. This interaction occurs through direct cell to cell contact, or by the release of autocrine or paracrine factors which can activate pro-tumor signaling pathways and modulate tumor behavior. In this review, we will highlight recent advances in our current knowledge about the multiple interactions between breast cancer cells and neighboring cells (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, adipocytes, innate and adaptive immune cells) in the tumor microenvironment that coordinate to regulate metastasis. We also highlight the role of exosomes and circulating tumor cells in facilitating breast cancer metastasis. We discuss some key markers associated with stromal cells in the breast tumor environment and their potential to predict patient survival and guide treatment. Finally, we will provide some brief perspectives on how current technologies may lead to the development of more effective therapies for the clinical management of breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas E. L. Terceiro
- Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (T.S.)
| | - Chidalu A. Edechi
- Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (T.S.)
| | - Nnamdi M. Ikeogu
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada;
| | - Barbara E. Nickel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
| | - Sabine Hombach-Klonisch
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada;
| | - Tanveer Sharif
- Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (T.S.)
| | - Etienne Leygue
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada;
| | - Yvonne Myal
- Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (T.S.)
- Senior Scientist, CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Li H, Wang Y, Yang D, Petit JY, Ren G. Clinical study of the feasibility, complications, and cosmetic outcomes of immediate autologous fat grafting during breast-conserving surgery for early-stage breast cancer in China. Gland Surg 2021; 10:2386-2397. [PMID: 34527550 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The resection of tumors in small breasts or in areas such as the upper and inner parts of the breast may have disabling cosmetic results. Tumor resection reduces the volume of the breast and may result in asymmetry or distortion of the nipple-areola complex. Autologous fat transfer/grafting has been shown to be a reliable technique for improving these poor cosmetic results. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, complications, and cosmetic outcomes of immediate autologous fat grafting during breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in Chinese patients with early-stage breast cancer. Methods This retrospective study included 58 patients with early breast cancer treated by the same surgical team from October 2016 to May 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: BCS with lipofilling (experiment group, n=30) and BCS without lipofilling (control group, n=28). All patients received the recommended breast cancer treatment with complementary radiotherapy. The follow-up period after the completion of radiotherapy ranged from 36-44 months. The resected and grafted volumes, complications, esthetic results, patient satisfaction, and recurrence rate within 3 years were compared between the groups. Results The average resected and grafted volumes in the lipofilled group were 47 and 74 mL, respectively, with only one seroma and no other complications. Regarding physician evaluation, BCS with lipofilling resulted in better cosmetic outcomes than BCS without lipofilling (33% versus 15%, respectively). Poor responses occurred in only 7% of patients with lipofilling, compared with 15% without lipofilling. Regarding patient self-evaluation, Breast-Q scores including patient satisfaction with their breasts and psychosocial well-being, were significantly higher in patients who received lipofilling compared with non-lipofilled patients. Regional recurrence occurred in one patient (case 21) (3.7%) in the lipofilling group and systemic recurrence occurred in one patient (case 12) (3.8%) in the control group. Conclusions Immediate autologous fat grafting is a promising, effective, and convenient technique for partial breast reconstruction after BCS, with potentially higher levels of patient and physician satisfaction compared with traditional BCS. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-ONN-17010514. Registered 24 January 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Li
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dejuan Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jean Yves Petit
- Division of Plastic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Jariwala N, Mehta GA, Bhatt V, Hussein S, Parker KA, Yunus N, Parker JS, Guo JY, Gatza ML. CPT1A and fatty acid β-oxidation are essential for tumor cell growth and survival in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. NAR Cancer 2021; 3:zcab035. [PMID: 34514415 PMCID: PMC8428294 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 11q13-14 amplification is a defining feature of high-risk hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer; however, the mechanism(s) by which this amplicon contributes to breast tumorigenesis remains unclear. In the current study, proteogenomic analyses of >3000 breast tumors from the TCGA, METABRIC and CPTAC studies demonstrated that carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), which is localized to this amplicon, is overexpressed at the mRNA and protein level in aggressive luminal tumors, strongly associated with indicators of tumor proliferation and a predictor of poor prognosis. In vitro genetic studies demonstrated that CPT1A is required for and can promote luminal breast cancer proliferation, survival, as well as colony and mammosphere formation. Since CPT1A is the rate-limiting enzyme during fatty acid oxidation (FAO), our data indicate that FAO may be essential for these tumors. Pharmacologic inhibition of FAO prevented in vitro and in vivo tumor growth and cell proliferation as well as promoted apoptosis in luminal breast cancer cells and orthotopic xenograft tumor models. Collectively, our data establish an oncogenic role for CPT1A and FAO in HR+ luminal tumors and provide preclinical evidence and rationale supporting further investigation of FAO as a potential therapeutic opportunity for the treatment of HR+ breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Jariwala
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Gaurav A Mehta
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Vrushank Bhatt
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Shaimaa Hussein
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Kimberly A Parker
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Neha Yunus
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Joel S Parker
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC, 27599, USA
| | | | - Michael L Gatza
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Tang Y, Zhang W, Sheng T, He X, Xiong X. Overview of the molecular mechanisms contributing to the formation of cancer‑associated adipocytes (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:768. [PMID: 34490479 PMCID: PMC8430316 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes are the main stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. In addition to serving as energy stores for triglycerides, adipocytes may function as an active endocrine organ. The crosstalk between adipocytes and cancer cells was shown to promote the migration, invasion and proliferation of cancer cells and to cause phenotypic and functional changes in adipocytes. Tumor-derived soluble factors, such as TNF-α, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, Wnt3a, IL-6, and exosomal microRNAs (miRNA/miRs), including miR-144, miR-126, miR-155, as well as other miRNAs, have been shown to act on adipocytes at the tumor invasion front, resulting in the formation of cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) with diminished reduced terminal differentiation markers and a dedifferentiated phenotype. In addition, the number and size of CAA lipid droplets have been found to be significantly reduced compared with those of mature adipocytes, whereas inflammatory cytokines and proteases are overexpressed. The aim of the present review was to summarize the latest findings on the biological changes of CAAs and the potential role of tumor-adipocyte crosstalk in the formation of CAAs, in the hope of providing novel perspectives for breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Tang
- Second Clinical Medical School, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Second Clinical Medical School, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Tianqiang Sheng
- Second Clinical Medical School, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyang Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Mcclement S. Adipose Tissue and Cancer Cachexia: What Nurses Need to Know. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2021; 8:445-449. [PMID: 34527774 PMCID: PMC8420924 DOI: 10.4103/apjon.apjon-2134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to discuss the different types of adipose tissue involved in cachexia and describe their role in contributing to increased energy expenditure and negative energy balance. Armed with this knowledge, nurses will be better positioned to understand the clinical picture of cachexia, appreciate the rationale for proposed therapeutic interventions, and confidently dialogue with patients, families, and members of interdisciplinary health care teams about this prevalent condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Mcclement
- College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Martinez-Bernabe T, Sastre-Serra J, Ciobu N, Oliver J, Pons DG, Roca P. Estrogen Receptor Beta (ERβ) Maintains Mitochondrial Network Regulating Invasiveness in an Obesity-Related Inflammation Condition in Breast Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091371. [PMID: 34573003 PMCID: PMC8466315 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a physiological situation where different proinflammatory cytokines and hormones are secreted, is a major risk factor for breast cancer. Mitochondrial functionality exhibits a relevant role in the tumorigenic potential of a cancer cell. In the present study, it has been examined the influence of an obesity-related inflammation ELIT treatment (17β-estradiol, leptin, IL-6, and TNFα), which aims to stimulate the hormonal conditions of a postmenopausal obese woman on the mitochondrial functionality and invasiveness of MCF7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines, which display a different ratio of both estrogen receptor isoforms, ERα and ERβ. The results showed a decrease in mitochondrial functionality, with an increase in oxidative stress and invasiveness and motility, in the MCF7 cell line (high ERα/ERβ ratio) compared to a maintained status in the T47D cell line (low ERα/ERβ ratio) after ELIT treatment. In addition, breast cancer biopsies were analyzed, showing that breast tumors of obese patients present a high positive correlation between IL-6 receptor and ERβ and have an increased expression of cytokines, antioxidant enzymes, and mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics genes. Altogether, giving special importance to ERβ in the pathology of obese patients with breast cancer is necessary, approaching to personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toni Martinez-Bernabe
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (T.M.-B.); (J.S.-S.); (N.C.); (J.O.); (P.R.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Edificio S, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Jorge Sastre-Serra
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (T.M.-B.); (J.S.-S.); (N.C.); (J.O.); (P.R.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Edificio S, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolae Ciobu
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (T.M.-B.); (J.S.-S.); (N.C.); (J.O.); (P.R.)
| | - Jordi Oliver
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (T.M.-B.); (J.S.-S.); (N.C.); (J.O.); (P.R.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Edificio S, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Gabriel Pons
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (T.M.-B.); (J.S.-S.); (N.C.); (J.O.); (P.R.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Edificio S, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-9711-73149
| | - Pilar Roca
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (T.M.-B.); (J.S.-S.); (N.C.); (J.O.); (P.R.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Edificio S, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Modulating cell differentiation in cancer models. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1803-1816. [PMID: 34436513 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer has been traditionally viewed as a disease characterised by excessive and uncontrolled proliferation, leading to the development of cytotoxic therapies against highly proliferating malignant cells. However, tumours frequently relapse due to the presence of slow-cycling cancer stem cells eluding chemo and radiotherapy. Since these malignant stem cells are largely undifferentiated, inducing their lineage commitment has been proposed as a potential intervention strategy to deplete tumours from their most resistant components. Pro-differentiation approaches have thus far yielded clinical success in the reversion of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), and new developments are fast widening their therapeutic applicability to solid carcinomas. Recent advances in cancer differentiation discussed here highlight the potential and outstanding challenges of differentiation-based approaches.
Collapse
|
150
|
Dance YW, Meshulam T, Seibel AJ, Obenreder MC, Layne MD, Nelson CM, Tien J. Adipose Stroma Accelerates the Invasion and Escape of Human Breast Cancer Cells from an Engineered Microtumor. Cell Mol Bioeng 2021; 15:15-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s12195-021-00697-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|