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Johnson BE, Creason AL, Stommel JM, Keck JM, Parmar S, Betts CB, Blucher A, Boniface C, Bucher E, Burlingame E, Camp T, Chin K, Eng J, Estabrook J, Feiler HS, Heskett MB, Hu Z, Kolodzie A, Kong BL, Labrie M, Lee J, Leyshock P, Mitri S, Patterson J, Riesterer JL, Sivagnanam S, Somers J, Sudar D, Thibault G, Weeder BR, Zheng C, Nan X, Thompson RF, Heiser LM, Spellman PT, Thomas G, Demir E, Chang YH, Coussens LM, Guimaraes AR, Corless C, Goecks J, Bergan R, Mitri Z, Mills GB, Gray JW. An omic and multidimensional spatial atlas from serial biopsies of an evolving metastatic breast cancer. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100525. [PMID: 35243422 PMCID: PMC8861971 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of therapeutic resistance and vulnerability evolve in metastatic cancers as tumor cells and extrinsic microenvironmental influences change during treatment. To support the development of methods for identifying these mechanisms in individual people, here we present an omic and multidimensional spatial (OMS) atlas generated from four serial biopsies of an individual with metastatic breast cancer during 3.5 years of therapy. This resource links detailed, longitudinal clinical metadata that includes treatment times and doses, anatomic imaging, and blood-based response measurements to clinical and exploratory analyses, which includes comprehensive DNA, RNA, and protein profiles; images of multiplexed immunostaining; and 2- and 3-dimensional scanning electron micrographs. These data report aspects of heterogeneity and evolution of the cancer genome, signaling pathways, immune microenvironment, cellular composition and organization, and ultrastructure. We present illustrative examples of how integrative analyses of these data reveal potential mechanisms of response and resistance and suggest novel therapeutic vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett E. Johnson
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Allison L. Creason
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jayne M. Stommel
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jamie M. Keck
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Swapnil Parmar
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Courtney B. Betts
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Aurora Blucher
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Christopher Boniface
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Elmar Bucher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Erik Burlingame
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Todd Camp
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Koei Chin
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jennifer Eng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Joseph Estabrook
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Heidi S. Feiler
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Michael B. Heskett
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Zhi Hu
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Annette Kolodzie
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Ben L. Kong
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Marilyne Labrie
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jinho Lee
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Patrick Leyshock
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Souraya Mitri
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Janice Patterson
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Diagnostic Laboratories, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jessica L. Riesterer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Multiscale Microscopy Core, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Shamilene Sivagnanam
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Julia Somers
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Damir Sudar
- Quantitative Imaging Systems LLC, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Guillaume Thibault
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Benjamin R. Weeder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Christina Zheng
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Xiaolin Nan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Reid F. Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Division of Hospital and Specialty Medicine, VA Portland Healthcare System, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Laura M. Heiser
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Paul T. Spellman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - George Thomas
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Emek Demir
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Young Hwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Lisa M. Coussens
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Alexander R. Guimaraes
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Christopher Corless
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jeremy Goecks
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Raymond Bergan
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Zahi Mitri
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Medicine, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Gordon B. Mills
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Joe W. Gray
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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102
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Ahamada MM, Jia Y, Wu X. Macrophage Polarization and Plasticity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2022; 12:734008. [PMID: 34987500 PMCID: PMC8721097 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.734008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that attacks almost every organ. The condition mostly happens to adults but is also found in children, and the latter have the most severe manifestations. Among adults, females, especially non-Caucasian, are mostly affected. Even if the etiology of SLE remains unclear, studies show a close relation between this disease and both genetics and environment. Despite the large number of published articles about SLE, we still do not have a clear picture of its pathogenesis, and no specific drug has been found to treat this condition effectively. The implication of macrophages in SLE development is gaining ground, and studying it could answer these gaps. Indeed, both in vivo and in vitro studies increasingly report a strong link between this disease and macrophages. Hence, this review aims to explore the role of macrophages polarization and plasticity in SLE development. Understanding this role is of paramount importance because in-depth knowledge of the connection between macrophages and this systemic disease could clarify its pathogenesis and provide a foundation for macrophage-centered therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariame Mohamed Ahamada
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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103
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Hatakenaka T, Matsuki N, Minagawa S, Khoo CSM, Saito M. Anti-Metastatic Function of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Nanog-Overexpressing Melanoma. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:1029-1046. [PMID: 35200587 PMCID: PMC8870779 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A metastatic melanoma cell line B16-F10 (F10) was modified to a more undifferentiated state by Nanog overexpression. The produced cell line Nanog+F10 showed a higher metastatic potential than F10. Instead of whole cells, the extracellular vesicles (EVs) therefrom were investigated about their possible role as an autovaccine against metastasis. EVs from Nanog+F10 cells (Nanog+F10-EVs) could suppress the metastasis, contrasting the EVs from less metastatic F10 cells (F10-EVs) enhanced metastasis. The involvement of TGF-β1 in the role of Nanog+F10-EVs was analyzed, as TGF-β1 was a secretory cytokine being affected most intensively by Nanog overexpression. It was suggested to be crucial that the TGF-β1 concentration in Nanog+F10-EVs should be as low as 1.6 pg/μg for its metastasis-suppressive role. In response to Nanog+F10-EVs, immunoreaction was observed in liver, indicating the specific decrease in the number of tumor-promotive CD163-positive macrophages. These indicate a possibility of Nanog+F10-EVs as a novel autovaccine candidate against melanoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Hatakenaka
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (T.H.); (N.M.); (C.S.M.K.)
| | - Nahoko Matsuki
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (T.H.); (N.M.); (C.S.M.K.)
| | - Seiya Minagawa
- Department of Industrial Technology and Innovation, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan;
| | - Celine Swee May Khoo
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (T.H.); (N.M.); (C.S.M.K.)
| | - Mikako Saito
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (T.H.); (N.M.); (C.S.M.K.)
- Bioresource Laboratories, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-42-388-7400; Fax: +81-42-387-1503
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104
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de León-Guerrero SD, Salazar-León J, Meza-Sosa KF, Valle-Garcia D, Aguilar-León D, Pedraza-Alva G, Pérez-Martínez L. An enriched environment reestablishes metabolic homeostasis by reducing obesity-induced inflammation. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:274225. [PMID: 35112705 PMCID: PMC9227715 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity can lead to chronic inflammation in different tissues, generating insulin and leptin resistance and alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism, favoring the development of degenerative diseases, including type II diabetes. Congruently, the inflammatory signaling inhibition prevents the development of obesity and restores insulin sensitivity. Via the enhancement of central nervous system activity, an enriched environment (EE) has beneficial effects on learning and memory as well as on immune cell functions and inflammation in different disease models. Here, we explored whether an EE can restore energy balance in obese mice that previously presented metabolic alterations. We discovered that an EE improved glucose metabolism, increased insulin signaling in liver, and reduced hepatic steatosis and inflammation, and increased lipolysis and browning in the white adipose tissue of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Finally, we found reduced inflammatory signaling and increased anorexigenic signaling in the hypothalamus of HFD-fed mice exposed to an EE. These data indicate that an EE is able to restore the metabolic imbalance caused by HFD feeding. Thus, we propose EE as a novel therapeutic approach for treating obesity-related metabolic alterations. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: A series of physiological, histochemical and molecular analyses reveal that enriched environment decreases inflammation in adipose tissue and in hypothalamus, re-establishing glucose metabolism in metabolically compromised mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Díaz de León-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Jonathan Salazar-León
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Karla F Meza-Sosa
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - David Valle-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Diana Aguilar-León
- Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, CP 14000, México
| | - Gustavo Pedraza-Alva
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Leonor Pérez-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
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105
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Sen MK, Mahns DA, Coorssen JR, Shortland PJ. The roles of microglia and astrocytes in phagocytosis and myelination: Insights from the cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis. Glia 2022; 70:1215-1250. [PMID: 35107839 PMCID: PMC9302634 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In human demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), an imbalance between demyelination and remyelination can trigger progressive degenerative processes. The clearance of myelin debris (phagocytosis) from the site of demyelination by microglia is critically important to achieve adequate remyelination and to slow the progression of the disease. However, how microglia phagocytose the myelin debris, and why clearance is impaired in MS, is not fully known; likewise, the role of the microglia in remyelination remains unclear. Recent studies using cuprizone (CPZ) as an animal model of central nervous system demyelination revealed that the up‐regulation of signaling proteins in microglia facilitates effective phagocytosis of myelin debris. Moreover, during demyelination, protective mediators are released from activated microglia, resulting in the acceleration of remyelination in the CPZ model. In contrast, inadequate microglial activation or recruitment to the site of demyelination, and the production of toxic mediators, impairs remyelination resulting in progressive demyelination. In addition to the microglia‐mediated phagocytosis, astrocytes play an important role in the phagocytic process by recruiting microglia to the site of demyelination and producing regenerative mediators. The current review is an update of these emerging findings from the CPZ animal model, discussing the roles of microglia and astrocytes in phagocytosis and myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monokesh K Sen
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - David A Mahns
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Jens R Coorssen
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences and Faculty of Mathematics & Science, Brock University, St. Cathari, Canada
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106
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Xuan Y, Li L, Ma M, Cao J, Zhang Z. Hierarchical Intrafibrillarly Mineralized Collagen Membrane Promotes Guided Bone Regeneration and Regulates M2 Macrophage Polarization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:781268. [PMID: 35155400 PMCID: PMC8826568 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.781268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineralized collagen has been introduced as a promising barrier membrane material for guided bone regeneration (GBR) due to its biomimetic nanostructure. Immune interaction between materials and host significantly influences the outcome of GBR. However, current barrier membranes are insufficient for clinical application due to limited mechanical or osteoimmunomodulatory properties. In this study, we fabricated hierarchical intrafibrillarly mineralized collagen (HIMC) membrane, comparing with collagen (COL) and extrafibrillarly mineralized collagen (EMC) membranes, HIMC membrane exhibited preferable physicochemical properties by mimicking the nanostructure of natural bone. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) seeded on HIMC membrane showed superior proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation capacity. HIMC membrane induced CD206+Arg-1+ M2 macrophage polarization, which in turn promoted more BMSCs migration. In rat skull defects, HIMC membrane promoted the regeneration of new bone with more bone mass and more mature bone architecture. The expression levels of Runx2 and osterix and CD68 + CD206 + M2 macrophage polarization were significantly enhanced. HIMC membrane provides an appropriate osteoimmune microenvironment to promote GBR and represents a promising material for further clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowei Xuan
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Muzhi Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Junkai Cao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Zhang, ; Junkai Cao,
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Zhang, ; Junkai Cao,
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107
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Taban Q, Mumtaz PT, Masoodi KZ, Haq E, Ahmad SM. Scavenger receptors in host defense: from functional aspects to mode of action. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:2. [PMID: 34980167 PMCID: PMC8721182 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00812-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Scavenger receptors belong to a superfamily of proteins that are structurally heterogeneous and encompass the miscellaneous group of transmembrane proteins and soluble secretory extracellular domain. They are functionally diverse as they are involved in various disorders and biological pathways and their major function in innate immunity and homeostasis. Numerous scavenger receptors have been discovered so far and are apportioned in various classes (A-L). Scavenger receptors are documented as pattern recognition receptors and known to act in coordination with other co-receptors such as Toll-like receptors in generating the immune responses against a repertoire of ligands such as microbial pathogens, non-self, intracellular and modified self-molecules through various diverse mechanisms like adhesion, endocytosis and phagocytosis etc. Unlike, most of the scavenger receptors discussed below have both membrane and soluble forms that participate in scavenging; the role of a potential scavenging receptor Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 has also been discussed whereby only its soluble form might participate in preventing the pathogen entry and replication, unlike its membrane-bound form. This review majorly gives an insight on the functional aspect of scavenger receptors in host defence and describes their mode of action extensively in various immune pathways involved with each receptor type. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qamar Taban
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology - Kashmir, Shuhama, 190006, India.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | | | - Khalid Z Masoodi
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Transcriptomics Laboratory, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, India
| | - Ehtishamul Haq
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Syed Mudasir Ahmad
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology - Kashmir, Shuhama, 190006, India.
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108
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Breast carcinomas with osteoclast-like giant cells: a comprehensive clinico-pathological and molecular portrait and evidence of RANK-L expression. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:1624-1635. [PMID: 35697931 PMCID: PMC9596373 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-022-01112-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Breast carcinomas (BC) with osteoclast-like giant cells (OGC) are rare. Despite their distinct stromal features, their molecular characteristics remain unknown. Here, we report comprehensive clinico-pathological and molecular findings for 27 patients diagnosed with BC-OGC at Institut Curie between 2000 and 2021. Seventeen (63%) cases were invasive carcinomas of no special type (IC NST) with OGC (OGC-IC NST), four (15%) were mixed or multifocal cases with and without OGC (OGC-Mixed), and six (22%) were metaplastic carcinomas with OGC (OGC-MC). All OGC-IC NST and OGC-Mixed cases were ER+ HER2- tumors (most being luminal A based on transcriptomic subtyping, when available), while all OGC-MC were triple-negative. The median age at diagnosis was 46, 45 and 62 years for OGC-IC NST, OGC-Mixed and OGC-MC, respectively. Three patients developed distant metastases (one OGC-IC NST, two OGC-Mixed), one of whom died of metastatic disease (OGC-Mixed), and one other patient died of locally advanced disease (OGC-MC). Histopathological evaluation comparing 13 OGC-IC NST and 19 control IC NST without OGC confirmed that OGC-IC NST showed significantly higher density of vessels (by CD34 immunohistochemistry (IHC)), iron deposits (Perls stain), and CD68 and CD163-positive cell infiltrates. Genomic findings for nine OGC-IC NST and four OGC-MC were consistent with the underlying histologic subtype, including activating alterations of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in 7/13 cases. Using RNA-seq data, differential gene expression analysis between OGC-IC NST (n = 7) and control IC NST without OGC (n = 7) revealed significant overexpression of TNFSF11 (RANK-L), TNFRSF11A (RANK), CSF1 (M-CSF), CSF1R, and genes encoding osteoclastic enzymes (MMP9, ACP5, CTSK, CTSB) in OGC-IC NST, while OPG (osteoprotegerin) was underexpressed. We also confirmed for the first time RANK-L expression in BC with OGC by IHC (seen in 15 out of 16 cases, and only in 2 of 16 controls without OGC). These findings could offer a rationale for further investigating RANK-L as a therapeutic target in BC with OGC.
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Vafaee T, Walker F, Thomas D, Roderjan JG, Veiga Lopes S, da Costa FDA, Desai A, Rooney P, Jennings LM, Fisher J, Berry HE, Ingham E. Repopulation of decellularised porcine pulmonary valves in the right ventricular outflow tract of sheep: Role of macrophages. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221102680. [PMID: 35782993 PMCID: PMC9243591 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221102680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary objective was to evaluate performance of low concentration SDS decellularised porcine pulmonary roots in the right ventricular outflow tract of juvenile sheep. Secondary objectives were to explore the cellular population of the roots over time. Animals were monitored by echocardiography and roots explanted at 1, 3, 6 (n = 4) and 12 months (n = 8) for gross analysis. Explanted roots were subject to histological, immunohistochemical and quantitative calcium analysis (n = 4 at 1, 3 and 12 months) and determination of material properties (n = 4; 12 months). Cryopreserved ovine pulmonary root allografts (n = 4) implanted for 12 months, and non-implanted cellular ovine roots were analysed for comparative purposes. Decellularised porcine pulmonary roots functioned well and were in very good condition with soft, thin and pliable leaflets. Morphometric analysis showed cellular population by 1 month. However, by 12 months the total number of cells was less than 50% of the total cells in non-implanted native ovine roots. Repopulation of the decellularised porcine tissues with stromal (α-SMA+; vimentin+) and progenitor cells (CD34+; CD271+) appeared to be orchestrated by macrophages (MAC 387+/ CD163low and CD163+/MAC 387-). The calcium content of the decellularised porcine pulmonary root tissues increased over the 12-month period but remained low (except suture points) at 401 ppm (wet weight) or below. The material properties of the decellularised porcine pulmonary root wall were unchanged compared to pre-implantation. There were some changes in the leaflets but importantly, the porcine tissues did not become stiffer. The decellularised porcine pulmonary roots showed good functional performance in vivo and were repopulated with ovine cells of the appropriate phenotype in a process orchestrated by M2 macrophages, highlighting the importance of these cells in the constructive tissue remodelling of cardiac root tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayyebeh Vafaee
- Institute of Medical and Biological
Engineering, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences,
University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Fiona Walker
- Institute of Medical and Biological
Engineering, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences,
University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Dan Thomas
- Institute of Medical and Biological
Engineering, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences,
University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - João Gabriel Roderjan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Santa
Casa de Curitiba, Pontifica Universidade Catolica do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Sergio Veiga Lopes
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Santa
Casa de Curitiba, Pontifica Universidade Catolica do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Francisco DA da Costa
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Santa
Casa de Curitiba, Pontifica Universidade Catolica do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Amisha Desai
- Institute of Medical and Biological
Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul Rooney
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Tissue and
Eye Services, Estuary Banks, Liverpool, UK
| | - Louise M Jennings
- Institute of Medical and Biological
Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - John Fisher
- Institute of Medical and Biological
Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Helen E Berry
- Institute of Medical and Biological
Engineering, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences,
University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Eileen Ingham
- Institute of Medical and Biological
Engineering, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences,
University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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110
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Ito Y, Yamamoto T, Miyai K, Take J, Scherthan H, Rommel A, Eder S, Steinestel K, Rump A, Port M, Shinomiya N, Kinoshita M. Ascorbic acid-2 glucoside mitigates intestinal damage during pelvic radiotherapy in a rat bladder tumor model. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 98:942-957. [PMID: 34871138 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.2009145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ascorbic acid is a strong antioxidant and has potent radioprotective effects on radiation injuries. Ascorbic acid 2-glucoside (AA2G) is a stabilized derivative of ascorbic acid and rapidly hydrolyzed into ascorbic acid and glucose. Since there is the possibility that AA2G treatment interferes with the antitumor activity of radiotherapy, we investigated the effect of AA2G treatment during radiotherapy on acute radiation enteritis and antitumor activity of radiotherapy in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS AY-27 rat bladder tumor cells were used to induce bladder tumors in rats. Two weeks after inoculation rats received fractionated pelvic radiotherapy in eight fractions for 4 weeks totaling 40 Gy. During radiotherapy, one group of rats received per os AA2G (ascorbic acid: 250 mg/kg/day) and its bolus engulfment (ascorbic acid: 250 mg/kg) 8 h before each X-irradiation fraction. Seven days after the last X-irradiation, we studied histology, DNA double strand break (DSB) damage (by 53BP1 foci staining), and the M1/M2 macrophage response by immunohistochemistry of paraffin-fixed bladder and intestinal tissues. RESULTS AA2G treatment reduced the intestinal damage (shortening of villi) but did not reduce antitumor effectiveness of radiotherapy against bladder tumors. Like the controls, AA2G-treated rats showed no residual tumor lesions in the bladder after X-irradiation. Both AA2G-treated and control groups showed similar persistent DSB damage (53BP1 foci) both in bladders and ilea seven days after radiotherapy. Radiotherapy tended to reduce CD163+ M2 macrophages, which are considered as an anti-inflammatory subtype favoring tissue repair, in the bladders. X-irradiation also reduced the occurrence of M2 macrophages in the ilea. AA2G treatment significantly increased CD163+/CD68+ macrophage ratio in the ilea of rats after pelvic irradiation in comparison to the sham irradiated control rats. AA2G treatment increased, albeit not significantly, the CD163+/CD68+ macrophage ratio in the irradiated bladders relative to the control irradiated rats. On the other hand, bladders and ilea of the irradiated rats with and without AA2G treatment showed similar frequencies of CD68+ macrophages. CONCLUSIONS AA2G treatment mitigated radiation-induced intestinal damage without reducing antitumor activity after fractionated pelvic radiotherapy against bladder tumors in rats. The beneficial effect of AA2G treatment seems to promote a restoration of the M2 answer as well as tissue remodeling and wound healing. Similar residual DNA damage in bladders and ilea seven days post-irradiation is consistent with tumor control in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutoshi Ito
- Military Medicine Research Unit, Test and Evaluation Command, Ground Self-Defense Force, Setagaya, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yamamoto
- Military Medicine Research Unit, Test and Evaluation Command, Ground Self-Defense Force, Setagaya, Japan.,NBC Counter Medical Unit, Ground Self-Defense Force, Setagaya, Japan
| | - Kosuke Miyai
- Military Medicine Research Unit, Test and Evaluation Command, Ground Self-Defense Force, Setagaya, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Setagaya, Japan
| | - Junya Take
- Department of Pediatrics, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | | | - Anna Rommel
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Eder
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Alexis Rump
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Manabu Kinoshita
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
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111
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Ye P, Chi X, Cha JH, Luo S, Yang G, Yan X, Yang WH. Potential of E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Cancer Immunity: Opportunities and Challenges. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123309. [PMID: 34943817 PMCID: PMC8699390 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and immune pathway–targeted therapies, are promising clinical strategies for treating cancer. However, drug resistance and adverse reactions remain the main challenges for immunotherapy management. The future direction of immunotherapy is mainly to reduce side effects and improve the treatment response rate by finding new targets and new methods of combination therapy. Ubiquitination plays a crucial role in regulating the degradation of immune checkpoints and the activation of immune-related pathways. Some drugs that target E3 ubiquitin ligases have exhibited beneficial effects in preclinical and clinical antitumor treatments. In this review, we discuss mechanisms through which E3 ligases regulate tumor immune checkpoints and immune-related pathways as well as the opportunities and challenges for integrating E3 ligases targeting drugs into cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 910095, China; (P.Y.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (G.Y.)
| | - Xiaoxia Chi
- Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 910095, China; (P.Y.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (G.Y.)
| | - Jong-Ho Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Shahang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 910095, China; (P.Y.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (G.Y.)
| | - Guanghui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 910095, China; (P.Y.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (G.Y.)
| | - Xiuwen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 910095, China; (P.Y.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (G.Y.)
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (W.-H.Y.)
| | - Wen-Hao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 910095, China; (P.Y.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (G.Y.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (W.-H.Y.)
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Gultekin O, Gonzalez-Molina J, Hardell E, Moyano-Galceran L, Mitsios N, Mulder J, Kokaraki G, Isaksson A, Sarhan D, Lehti K, Carlson JW. FOXP3+ T cells in uterine sarcomas are associated with favorable prognosis, low extracellular matrix expression and reduced YAP activation. NPJ Precis Oncol 2021; 5:97. [PMID: 34799669 PMCID: PMC8604926 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-021-00236-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine sarcomas are rare but deadly malignancies without effective treatment. Immunotherapy is a promising new approach to treat these tumors but has shown heterogeneous effects in sarcoma patients. With the goal of identifying key factors for improved patient treatment, we characterized the tumor immune landscape in 58 uterine sarcoma cases with full clinicopathological annotation. Immune cell characterization revealed the overall prevalence of FOXP3+ cells and pro-tumor M2-like macrophages. Hierarchical clustering of patients showed four tumor type-independent immune signatures, where infiltration of FOXP3+ cells and M1-like macrophages associated with favorable prognosis. High CD8+/FOXP3+ ratio in UUS and ESS correlated with poor survival, upregulation of immunosuppressive markers, extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes and proteins, and YAP activation. This study shows that uterine sarcomas present distinct immune signatures with prognostic value, independent of tumor type, and suggests that targeting the ECM could be beneficial for future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okan Gultekin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jordi Gonzalez-Molina
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elin Hardell
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lidia Moyano-Galceran
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas Mitsios
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Mulder
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georgia Kokaraki
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Isaksson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dhifaf Sarhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kaisa Lehti
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Joseph W Carlson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Gusak A, Fedorova L, Lepik K, Volkov N, Popova M, Moiseev I, Mikhailova N, Baykov V, Kulagin A. Immunosuppressive Microenvironment and Efficacy of PD-1 Inhibitors in Relapsed/Refractory Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Checkpoint Molecules Landscape and Macrophage Populations. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225676. [PMID: 34830831 PMCID: PMC8616219 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Classic Hodgkin lymphoma contains rare malignant Hodgkin/Reed–Sternberg cells and abundant reactive populations in the tumor microenvironment. Many aspects of the interaction between tumor cells and immune cells remain unclear. Nevertheless, the microenvironment is believed to play a crucial role in tumor resistance and progression. Current knowledge about the role and dynamics of the tumor microenvironment in Hodgkin lymphoma during anti-PD-1 treatment is limited. The aim of this study was to identify possible predictive and prognostic morphological markers in the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma treated with nivolumab and to assess the variability of reactive cell populations after nivolumab therapy. The study was aimed to optimize therapeutic strategy in patients with relapsed or refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma. Abstract To date, the impact of the tumor microenvironment on the prognosis of patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) during anti-PD-1 therapy has been studied insufficiently. This retrospective study included 61 primary samples of lymph nodes from patients who had relapsed/refractory (r/r) cHL and were treated with nivolumab. Repeated samples were obtained in 15 patients at relapse or disease progression after immunotherapy. Median follow-up was 55 (13–63) months. The best overall response rate and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed depending on the expression of CD68, CD163, PD-1, LAG-3, TIM-3, CTLA-4, TIGIT, CD163/c-maf in the tumor microenvironment in primary and sequential biopsies. The combination of CD163/c-maf antibodies was used for the identification of M2 macrophages (M2). A low number of macrophages in primary samples was associated with inferior PFS during nivolumab treatment (for CD163-positive cells p = 0.0086; for CD68-positive cells p = 0.037), while a low number of M2 with higher PFS (p = 0.014). Complete response was associated with a lower level of M2 (p = 0.011). In sequential samples (before and after nivolumab therapy) an increase in PD-1 (p = 0.011) and LAG-3 (p = 0.0045) and a depletion of CD68 (p = 0.057) and CD163 (p = 0.0049)-positive cells were observed. The study expands understanding of the cHL microenvironment structure and dynamics during nivolumab therapy in patients with r/r cHL.
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114
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Shen M, Pan X, Gao Y, Ye H, Zhang J, Chen Y, Pan M, Huang W, Xu X, Zhao Y, Jin L. LncRNA CRNDE Exacerbates IgA Nephropathy Progression by Promoting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Macrophages. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:1515-1527. [PMID: 34747317 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.1989461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages contributes greatly to IgA nephropathy (IgAN) progression. This study intended to investigate the underlying mechanism of NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in the development of IgAN. METHODS We examined the expression levels of colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE), NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and J774A.1 cells and detected inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum of IgAN patients and cell supernatants of in vitro IgAN model. RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiments were conducted to evaluate the interaction between CRNDE and NLRP3. Then, the ubiquitin level of NLRP3 and its binding ability to TRIM family member 31 (TRIM31) were determined. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the expressions of CRNDE and NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins in PBMCs and J774A.1 cells and levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-12 in serum of IgAN patients and cell supernatants of IgA-IC-induced J774A.1 cells were all increased. CRNDE silencing down-regulated NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins and the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-12 in cell supernatants, while NLRP3 overexpression reversed these effects. Additionally, CRNDE could interact with NLRP3 and promote NLRP3 expression. Furthermore, inhibition of CRNDE reduced NLRP3 protein level and promoted TRIM31-mediated NLRP3 ubiquitination and degradation. CONCLUSION CRNDE exacerbates IgA nephropathy progression through restraining ubiquitination and degradation of NLRP3 and facilitating NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Shen
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R China
| | - Xinyue Pan
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R China
| | - Yingjie Gao
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R China
| | - Hanyang Ye
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R China
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R China
| | - Wenwen Huang
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R China
| | - Lingwei Jin
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R China
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Lee CH, Chiang CF, Kuo FC, Su SC, Huang CL, Liu JS, Lu CH, Hsieh CH, Wang CC, Lee CH, Shen PH. High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid Inhibits IL-1β-Induced Synovial Inflammation and Macrophage Polarization through the GRP78-NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111917. [PMID: 34769349 PMCID: PMC8584972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has suggested that synovial inflammation and macrophage polarization were involved in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Additionally, high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA) was often used clinically to treat OA. GRP78, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress chaperone, was suggested to contribute to the hyperplasia of synovial cells in OA. However, it was still unclear whether HMW-HA affected macrophage polarization through GRP78. Therefore, we aimed to identify the effect of HMW-HA in primary synovial cells and macrophage polarization and to investigate the role of GRP78 signaling. We used IL-1β to treat primary synoviocytes to mimic OA, and then treated them with HMW-HA. We also collected conditioned medium (CM) to culture THP-1 macrophages and examine the changes in the phenotype. IL-1β increased the expression of GRP78, NF-κB (p65 phosphorylation), IL-6, and PGE2 in primary synoviocytes, accompanied by an increased macrophage M1/M2 polarization. GRP78 knockdown significantly reversed the expression of IL-1β-induced GRP78-related downstream molecules and macrophage polarization. HMW-HA with GRP78 knockdown had additive effects in an IL-1β culture. Finally, the synovial fluid from OA patients revealed significantly decreased IL-6 and PGE2 levels after the HMW-HA treatment. Our study elucidated a new form of signal transduction for HMW-HA-mediated protection against synovial inflammation and macrophage polarization and highlighted the involvement of the GRP78-NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsing Lee
- National Defense Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (F.-C.K.); (S.-C.S.); (C.-L.H.); (J.-S.L.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Chi-Fu Chiang
- National Defense Medical Center, School of Dentistry, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Feng-Chih Kuo
- National Defense Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (F.-C.K.); (S.-C.S.); (C.-L.H.); (J.-S.L.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Sheng-Chiang Su
- National Defense Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (F.-C.K.); (S.-C.S.); (C.-L.H.); (J.-S.L.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Chia-Luen Huang
- National Defense Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (F.-C.K.); (S.-C.S.); (C.-L.H.); (J.-S.L.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Jhih-Syuan Liu
- National Defense Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (F.-C.K.); (S.-C.S.); (C.-L.H.); (J.-S.L.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Chieh-Hua Lu
- National Defense Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (F.-C.K.); (S.-C.S.); (C.-L.H.); (J.-S.L.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Chang-Hsun Hsieh
- National Defense Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (F.-C.K.); (S.-C.S.); (C.-L.H.); (J.-S.L.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Chih-Chien Wang
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Orthopedics, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Chian-Her Lee
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Hung Shen
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Orthopedics, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Correspondence:
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Aokage T, Seya M, Hirayama T, Nojima T, Iketani M, Ishikawa M, Terasaki Y, Taniguchi A, Miyahara N, Nakao A, Ohsawa I, Naito H. The effects of inhaling hydrogen gas on macrophage polarization, fibrosis, and lung function in mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:339. [PMID: 34719405 PMCID: PMC8559370 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01712-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is caused by acute lung injury, is a destructive respiratory disorder caused by a systemic inflammatory response. Persistent inflammation results in irreversible alveolar fibrosis. Because hydrogen gas possesses anti-inflammatory properties, we hypothesized that daily repeated inhalation of hydrogen gas could suppress persistent lung inflammation by inducing functional changes in macrophages, and consequently inhibit lung fibrosis during late-phase lung injury. Methods To test this hypothesis, lung injury was induced in mice by intratracheal administration of bleomycin (1.0 mg/kg). Mice were exposed to control gas (air) or hydrogen (3.2% in air) for 6 h every day for 7 or 21 days. Respiratory physiology, tissue pathology, markers of inflammation, and macrophage phenotypes were examined. Results Mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury that received daily hydrogen therapy for 21 days (BH group) exhibited higher static compliance (0.056 mL/cmH2O, 95% CI 0.047–0.064) than mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury exposed only to air (BA group; 0.042 mL/cmH2O, 95% CI 0.031–0.053, p = 0.02) and lower static elastance (BH 18.8 cmH2O/mL, [95% CI 15.4–22.2] vs. BA 26.7 cmH2O/mL [95% CI 19.6–33.8], p = 0.02). When the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were examined 7 days after bleomycin administration, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-4 and IL-13 were significantly lower in the BH group than in the BA group. There were significantly fewer M2-biased macrophages in the alveolar interstitium of the BH group than in the BA group (3.1% [95% CI 1.6–4.5%] vs. 1.1% [95% CI 0.3–1.8%], p = 0.008). Conclusions The results suggest that hydrogen inhalation inhibits the deterioration of respiratory physiological function and alveolar fibrosis in this model of lung injury. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-021-01712-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Aokage
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mizuki Seya
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hirayama
- Department of Disaster Medicine and Management, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Nojima
- Department of Primary Care and Medical Education, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masumi Iketani
- Department of Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Ishikawa
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Terasaki
- Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Taniguchi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Miyahara
- Department of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsunori Nakao
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ikuroh Ohsawa
- Department of Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Naito
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
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Modulation of Macrophage Activity by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in the Context of Fracture Healing. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8110167. [PMID: 34821733 PMCID: PMC8615107 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8110167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Delayed fracture healing and fracture non-unions impose an enormous burden on individuals and society. Successful healing requires tight communication between immune cells and bone cells. Macrophages can be found in all healing phases. Due to their high plasticity and long life span, they represent good target cells for modulation. In the past, extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnet fields (ELF-PEMFs) have been shown to exert cell-specific effects depending on the field conditions. Thus, the aim was to identify the specific ELF-PEMFs able to modulate macrophage activity to indirectly promote mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (SCP-1 cells) function. After a blinded screening of 22 different ELF-PEMF, two fields (termed A and B) were further characterized as they diversely affected macrophage function. These two fields have similar fundamental frequencies (51.8 Hz and 52.3 Hz) but are emitted in different groups of pulses or rather send-pause intervals. Macrophages exposed to field A showed a pro-inflammatory function, represented by increased levels of phospho-Stat1 and CD86, the accumulation of ROS, and increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, macrophages exposed to field B showed anti-inflammatory and pro-healing functions, represented by increased levels of Arginase I, increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and growth factors are known to induce healing processes. The conditioned medium from macrophages exposed to both ELF-PEMFs favored the migration of SCP-1 cells, but the effect was stronger for field B. Furthermore, the conditioned medium from macrophages exposed to field B, but not to field A, stimulated the expression of extracellular matrix genes in SCP-1 cells, i.e., COL1A1, FN1, and BGN. In summary, our data show that specific ELF-PEMFs may affect immune cell function. Thus, knowing the specific ELF-PEMFs conditions and the underlying mechanisms bears great potential as an adjuvant treatment to modulate immune responses during pathologies, e.g., fracture healing.
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Xin SL, Yang X, Zhang YP, Xu KS. Zhikang Capsule Ameliorates Inflammation, Drives Polarization to M2 Macrophages, and Inhibits Apoptosis in Lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 Cells. Curr Med Sci 2021; 41:1214-1224. [PMID: 34705217 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2441-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the anti-inflammatory effect of the traditional Chinese medicine Zhikang capsule (ZKC) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. METHODS Safe concentrations of ZKC (0.175, 0.35, and 0.7 mg/mL) were used after the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RAW264.7 cells was calculated through the CCK-8 assay. In addition, the optimal intervention duration of ZKC (0.7 mg/mL) on RAW264.7 cells was determined to be 6 h, since all proinflammatory mediators [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), inteleukin-6 (IL-6), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)] had a decreasing tendency and relatively down-regulated mRNA expression levels as compared with other durations (4, 8, and 12 h). RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with ZKC at various concentrations (0.175, 0.35 and 0.7 mg/mL) for 6 h and then stimulated with LPS (1 µg/mL) for an additional 12 h. RESULTS In terms of inflammation, ZKC could reverse LPS-induced upregulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, iNOS, and MCP-1 at both the mRNA and protein levels in RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In terms of the NF-κB signaling pathway, ZKC could reduce phosphorylated p65 and promote M2 polarization of RAW264.7 cells under LPS stimulation in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, ZKC exhibited a protective effect on macrophages from apoptosis. CONCLUSION ZKC exhibited obvious antiinflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells at the cellular level, and a weakened NF-κB signaling pathway may be a potential significant target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Liang Xin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Yu-Ping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ke-Shu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Wedekind H, Walz K, Buchbender M, Rieckmann T, Strasser E, Grottker F, Fietkau R, Frey B, Gaipl US, Rückert M. Head and neck tumor cells treated with hypofractionated irradiation die via apoptosis and are better taken up by M1-like macrophages. Strahlenther Onkol 2021; 198:171-182. [PMID: 34665291 PMCID: PMC8789708 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-021-01856-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) is increasing worldwide, especially when triggered by the human papilloma virus (HPV). Radiotherapy has immune-modulatory properties, but the role of macrophages present in HNSCC and having contact with irradiated tumor cells remains unclear. The influence of irradiated (2 × 5Gy) HNSCC cells on the (re-)polarization and phagocytosis of human macrophages, either non-polarized or with a more M1 or M2 phenotype, was therefore investigated. Methods Human monocytes were differentiated with the hematopoietic growth factors M‑CSF (m) or GM-CSF (g) and additionally pre-polarized with either interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 or interferon (IFN)-γ and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), respectively. Subsequently, they were added to previously irradiated (2 × 5Gy) and mock-treated HPV-positive (UD-SCC-2) and HPV-negative (Cal33) HNSCC cells including their supernatants. Results The HNSCC cells treated with hypofractionated irradiation died via apoptosis and were strongly phagocytosed by M0m and M2 macrophages. M0g and M1 macrophages phagocytosed the tumor cells to a lesser extent. Irradiated HNSCC cells were better phagocytosed by M1 macrophages compared to mock-treated controls. The polarization status of the macrophages was not significantly changed, except for the expression of CD206 on M2 macrophages, which was reduced after phagocytosis of irradiated HPV-negative cells. Further, a significant increase in the uptake of irradiated HPV-positive cells by M0g macrophages when compared to HPV-negative cells was observed. Conclusion HNSCC cells treated with hypofractionated irradiation foster phagocytosis by anti-tumorigenic M1 macrophages. The data provide the first evidence on the impact of the HPV status of HNSCC cells on the modulation of the macrophage response to irradiated tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Wedekind
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kristina Walz
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mayte Buchbender
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Rieckmann
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Erwin Strasser
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fridolin Grottker
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Udo S Gaipl
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Michael Rückert
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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Pu W, Zhao C, Wazir J, Su Z, Niu M, Song S, Wei L, Li L, Zhang X, Shi X, Wang H. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of THP-1-derived macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, H37Ra and BCG. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10504-10520. [PMID: 34632719 PMCID: PMC8581329 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a worldwide healthcare concern, and the exploration of the host‐pathogen interaction is essential to develop therapeutic modalities and strategies to control Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). In this study, RNA sequencing (transcriptome sequencing) was employed to investigate the global transcriptome changes in the macrophages during the different strains of M.tb infection. THP‐1 cells derived from macrophages were exposed to the virulent M.tb strain H37Rv (Rv) or the avirulent M.tb strain H37Ra (Ra), and the M.tb BCG vaccine strain was used as a control. The cDNA libraries were prepared from M.tb‐infected macrophages and then sequenced. To assess the transcriptional differences between the expressed genes, the bioinformatics analysis was performed using a standard pipeline of quality control, reference mapping, differential expression analysis, protein‐protein interaction (PPI) networks, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Q‐PCR and Western blot assays were also performed to validate the data. Our findings indicated that, when compared to BCG or M.tb H37Ra infection, the transcriptome analysis identified 66 differentially expressed genes in the M.tb H37Rv‐infected macrophages, out of which 36 genes were up‐regulated, and 30 genes were down‐regulated. The up‐regulated genes were associated with immune response regulation, chemokine secretion, and leucocyte chemotaxis. In contrast, the down‐regulated genes were associated with amino acid biosynthetic and energy metabolism, connective tissue development and extracellular matrix organization. The Q‐PCR and Western blot assays confirmed increased expression of pro‐inflammatory factors, altered energy metabolic processes, enhanced activation of pro‐inflammatory signalling pathways and increased pyroptosis in H37Rv‐infected macrophage. Overall, our RNA sequencing‐based transcriptome study successfully identified a comprehensive, in‐depth gene expression/regulation profile in M.tb‐infected macrophages. The results demonstrated that virulent M.tb strain H37Rv infection triggers a more severe inflammatory immune response associated with increased tissue damage, which helps in understanding the host‐pathogen interaction dynamics and pathogenesis features in different strains of M.tb infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junaid Wazir
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhonglan Su
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengyuan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lulu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Nanjing Public Health Clinical Center, the Second hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xudong Shi
- Nanjing Public Health Clinical Center, the Second hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Polasky C, Loyal K, Idel C, Wetterauer D, Heidemann M, Bruchhage K, Pries R. Alteration of blood monocyte subsets in chronic rhinosinusitis with regard to anti-inflammatory 1,8-Cineol treatment. RHINOLOGY ONLINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4193/rhinol/21.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) affects about 10% of the european population causing considerable disease burden. The inflammatory microenvironment is mainly Th2 driven, but the impact of monocytes is still poorly understood. Aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the composition of circulating monocytes and T cells in CRSwNP and CRSsNP patients, particularly with regard to the therapeutic herbal monoterpene 1,8-Cineol. Methodology: We analyzed the distribution of CD14 and CD16 classified monocyte subsets and the T-cell subset composition with respect to their PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in the peripheral blood of CRS patients using flow cytometry. Additionally, the M1/M2 like macrophage infiltration in nasal tissue and polyps was examined by immunofluorescence staining. Results: Data revealed a decrease of classical monocytes accompanied by a significant increase of intermediate CD16+ monocytes in CRSwNP and CRSsNP patients compared to healthy donors. PD-L1 expression on overall monocytes was also significantly increased in CRSwNP and CRSsNP patients. CRS patients with a severe drop of the proportion of classical monocytes showed a significant restoration of this subset in response to two-week 1,8-Cineol treatment. Conclusions: Our data indicate a CRS-induced shift of peripheral monocyte subsets to more inflammatory phenotypes that might be reversed by the herbal drug 1,8-Cineol.
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122
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Takahashi M, Umehara Y, Yue H, Trujillo-Paez JV, Peng G, Nguyen HLT, Ikutama R, Okumura K, Ogawa H, Ikeda S, Niyonsaba F. The Antimicrobial Peptide Human β-Defensin-3 Accelerates Wound Healing by Promoting Angiogenesis, Cell Migration, and Proliferation Through the FGFR/JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Front Immunol 2021; 12:712781. [PMID: 34594328 PMCID: PMC8476922 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.712781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to its antimicrobial activity, the skin-derived antimicrobial peptide human β-defensin-3 (hBD-3) promotes keratinocyte proliferation and migration to initiate the wound healing process; however, its effects on fibroblasts, which are the major cell type responsible for wound healing, remain unclear. We investigated the role of hBD-3 in cell migration, proliferation and production of angiogenic growth factors in human fibroblasts and evaluated the in vivo effect of hBD-3 on promoting wound healing and angiogenesis. Following hBD-3 treatment, the mouse wounds healed faster and showed accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages in the early phase of wound healing and reduction of these phagocytes 4 days later. hBD-3-treated wounds also displayed an increased number of fibroblasts and newly formed vessels compared to those of the control mice. Furthermore, the expression of various angiogenic growth factors was increased in the hBD-3-treated wounds. Additionally, in vitro studies demonstrated that hBD-3 enhanced the secretion of angiogenic growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor and induced the migration and proliferation of human fibroblasts. The hBD-3-mediated activation of fibroblasts involves the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1)/Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways, as evidenced by the inhibitory effects of pathway-specific inhibitors. We indeed confirmed that hBD-3 enhanced the phosphorylation of FGFR1, JAK2 and STAT3. Collectively, the current study provides novel evidence that hBD-3 might be a potential candidate for the treatment of wounds through its ability to promote wound healing, angiogenesis and fibroblast activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Takahashi
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshie Umehara
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hainan Yue
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ge Peng
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hai Le Thanh Nguyen
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risa Ikutama
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigaku Ikeda
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - François Niyonsaba
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of International Liberal Arts, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
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Criado RFJ, Criado PR, Pagliari C, Sotto MN, Machado Filho CD, Bianco B. M2 macrophage polarization in chronic spontaneous urticaria refractory to antihistamine treatment. Allergol Int 2021; 70:504-506. [PMID: 33994101 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta F J Criado
- Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Ricardo Criado
- Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Pagliari
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirian N Sotto
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Bianco
- Department of Collective Health, Discipline of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Population Genetics, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
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Molina-Hernández V, Ruiz-Campillo MT, Martínez-Moreno FJ, Buffoni L, Martínez-Moreno Á, Zafra R, Bautista MJ, Escamilla A, Pérez-Caballero R, Pérez J. A Partially Protective Vaccine for Fasciola hepatica Induced Degeneration of Adult Flukes Associated to a Severe Granulomatous Reaction in Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102869. [PMID: 34679889 PMCID: PMC8532621 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Fasciolosis is a parasitic disease of livestock causing important economic losses worldwide and it is also a zoonosis. Current therapy relies on the use of anthelmintic drugs, which is no longer sustainable due to the increase of anthelmintic resistance and the risk of drug residues in food. A deep understanding of the host-parasite interaction is required to develop protective vaccines for the control of fasciolosis. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the hepatic lesions in sheep vaccinated with a partly protective vaccine for F. hepatica, a non-protective vaccine and an infected control group. The protective vaccine showed less severe hepatic lesions than the infected control group. In addition, in the protective vaccine group dead flukes surrounded by a severe granulomatous inflammation were observed, which taken together with the lower fluke burden, suggests that the host response induced by the partially protective vaccine may have been involved in the death of adult flukes of F. hepatica. This is the first study reporting the presence of degenerated flukes associated to a severe granulomatous inflammation in bile ducts in a vaccine trial, a finding that would be useful for improving vaccine efficacy in future trials. Abstract Fasciolosis is an important economic disease of livestock. There is a global interest in the development of protective vaccines since current anthelmintic therapy is no longer sustainable. A better knowledge of the host-parasite interaction is needed for the design of effective vaccines. The present study evaluates the microscopical hepatic lesions in sheep immunized with a partially protective vaccine (VAC1), a non-protective vaccine (VAC2), and an infected control group (IC). The nature of granulomatous inflammation associated with degeneration of adult flukes found in the VAC1 group was characterized by immunohistochemistry. Hepatic lesions (fibrous perihepatitis, chronic tracts, bile duct hyperplasia, infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes and plasma cells) were significantly less severe in the VAC1 group than in the IC group. Dead adult flukes within bile ducts were observed only in the VAC1 group and were surrounded by a severe granulomatous inflammation composed by macrophages and multinucleate giant cells with a high expression of lysozyme, CD163 and S100 markers, and a low expression of CD68. Numerous CD3+ T lymphocytes and scarce infiltrate of FoxP3+ Treg and CD208+ dendritic cells were present. This is the first report describing degenerated flukes associated to a severe granulomatous inflammation in bile ducts in a F. hepatica vaccine trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Molina-Hernández
- Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio de Sanidad Animal, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (V.M.-H.); (M.T.R.-C.); (M.J.B.); (J.P.)
| | - María T. Ruiz-Campillo
- Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio de Sanidad Animal, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (V.M.-H.); (M.T.R.-C.); (M.J.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Francisco J. Martínez-Moreno
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal (Parasitología), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio de Sanidad Animal, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (L.B.); (Á.M.-M.); (R.Z.); (R.P.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-9-5721-8721
| | - Leandro Buffoni
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal (Parasitología), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio de Sanidad Animal, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (L.B.); (Á.M.-M.); (R.Z.); (R.P.-C.)
| | - Álvaro Martínez-Moreno
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal (Parasitología), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio de Sanidad Animal, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (L.B.); (Á.M.-M.); (R.Z.); (R.P.-C.)
| | - Rafael Zafra
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal (Parasitología), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio de Sanidad Animal, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (L.B.); (Á.M.-M.); (R.Z.); (R.P.-C.)
| | - María J. Bautista
- Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio de Sanidad Animal, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (V.M.-H.); (M.T.R.-C.); (M.J.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Alejandro Escamilla
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Histología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Físico Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Boulevard Louis Pasteur, 32, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Raúl Pérez-Caballero
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal (Parasitología), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio de Sanidad Animal, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (L.B.); (Á.M.-M.); (R.Z.); (R.P.-C.)
| | - José Pérez
- Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio de Sanidad Animal, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (V.M.-H.); (M.T.R.-C.); (M.J.B.); (J.P.)
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Zhang J, Li F, Augi T, Williamson KM, Onishi K, Hogan MV, Neal MD, Wang JHC. Platelet HMGB1 in Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) promotes tendon wound healing. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251166. [PMID: 34529657 PMCID: PMC8445483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a widely used autologous treatment for tendon injuries in clinics. Platelets (PLTs) are a major source of high mobility group box1 (HMGB1) that is gaining attention as a chemoattractant that can recruit stem cells to the wound area to enhance healing of injured tissues; however, the contribution of PLT HMGB1 in wounded tendon healing remains unexplored. This study investigated the effect of PLT HMGB1 within PRP on tendon healing using PLT HMGB1 knockout (KO) and GFP mice. A window defect was created in the patellar tendons of both groups of mice, and wounds were treated with either saline, PRP isolated from PLT HMGB1-KO mice, or PRP isolated from GFP mice. Seven days post-treatment, animals were sacrificed and analyzed by gross inspection, histology, and immunostaining for characteristic signs of tendon healing and repair. Our results showed that in comparison to mice treated with PRP from PLT HMGB1-KO mice, wounds treated with PRP from GFP mice healed faster and exhibited a better organization in tendon structure. Mice treated with PRP from PLT HMGB1-KO mice produced tendon tissue with large premature wound areas and low cell densities. However, wounds of PLT HMGB1-KO mice showed better healing with PRP from HMGB1-KO mice compared to saline treatment. Moreover, wounds treated with PRP from GFP mice had increased extracellular HMGB1, decreased CD68, increased stem cell markers CD146 and CD73, and increased collagen III protein expression levels compared to those treated with PRP from PLT HMGB1-KO mice. Thus, PLT HMGB1 within PRP plays an important role in tendon wound healing by decreasing inflammation, increasing local HMGB1 levels, and recruiting stem cells to the wound area in the tendon. Our findings also suggest that the efficacy of PRP treatment for tendon injuries in clinics may depend on PLT HMGB1 within PRP preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Zhang
- MechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Feng Li
- MechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Tyler Augi
- MechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Kelly M. Williamson
- MechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Kentaro Onishi
- MechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - MaCalus V. Hogan
- MechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Matthew D. Neal
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - James H.-C. Wang
- MechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Su RC, Breidenbach JD, Alganem K, Khalaf FK, French BW, Dube P, Malhotra D, McCullumsmith R, Presloid JB, Wooten RM, Kennedy DJ, Haller ST. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) Triggers Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9939. [PMID: 34576099 PMCID: PMC8472269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We were the first to previously report that microcystin-LR (MC-LR) has limited effects within the colons of healthy mice but has toxic effects within colons of mice with pre-existing inflammatory bowel disease. In the current investigation, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which MC-LR exacerbates colitis and to identify effective therapeutic targets. Through our current investigation, we report that there is a significantly greater recruitment of macrophages into colonic tissue with pre-existing colitis in the presence of MC-LR than in the absence of MC-LR. This is seen quantitatively through IHC staining and the enumeration of F4/80-positive macrophages and through gene expression analysis for Cd68, Cd11b, and Cd163. Exposure of isolated macrophages to MC-LR was found to directly upregulate macrophage activation markers Tnf and Il1b. Through a high-throughput, unbiased kinase activity profiling strategy, MC-LR-induced phosphorylation events were compared with potential inhibitors, and doramapimod was found to effectively prevent MC-LR-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin C. Su
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.C.S.); (J.D.B.); (F.K.K.); (B.W.F.); (P.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Joshua D. Breidenbach
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.C.S.); (J.D.B.); (F.K.K.); (B.W.F.); (P.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Khaled Alganem
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (K.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Fatimah K. Khalaf
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.C.S.); (J.D.B.); (F.K.K.); (B.W.F.); (P.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Benjamin W. French
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.C.S.); (J.D.B.); (F.K.K.); (B.W.F.); (P.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Prabhatchandra Dube
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.C.S.); (J.D.B.); (F.K.K.); (B.W.F.); (P.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Deepak Malhotra
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.C.S.); (J.D.B.); (F.K.K.); (B.W.F.); (P.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Robert McCullumsmith
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (K.A.); (R.M.)
- Neurosciences Center, Promedica, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - John B. Presloid
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (J.B.P.); (R.M.W.)
| | - R. Mark Wooten
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (J.B.P.); (R.M.W.)
| | - David J. Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.C.S.); (J.D.B.); (F.K.K.); (B.W.F.); (P.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Steven T. Haller
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.C.S.); (J.D.B.); (F.K.K.); (B.W.F.); (P.D.); (D.M.)
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Xu X, Liu H, Hao T, Yin S, Zhang C, He Y. Poor Prognosis and Therapeutic Responses in LILRB1-Expressing M2 Macrophages-Enriched Gastric Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2021; 11:668707. [PMID: 34485116 PMCID: PMC8415088 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.668707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive molecules are valuable prognostic biomarkers across different cancer types. Leukocyte immunoglobulin like receptor subfamily B1 (LILRB1) is considered to be an immunosuppressive molecule, which is an important receptor of human leukocyte antigen G. However, the clinical significance of LILRB1 expression in gastric cancer remains unexplored. We analyzed the immunohistochemistry data of 166 gastric cancer patients to determine the clinicopathologic and survival significance of LILRB1. Immunofluorescence was conducted to detect the co-localization of LILRB1 with infiltrating immune cells. Additionally, we also assessed the immune contexture, immune cell functions and tumor microenvironment state related to LILRB1. We found that LILRB1 was mainly present in tumor stroma which was higher in tumor tissues compared with matched adjacent tissues. High-LILRB1 expression was associated with more advanced tumor stage, higher recurrence risk and worse survival. Immunohistochemistry and bioinformatic analysis showed that LILRB1 had a significant positive correlation with M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) infiltration. Immunofluorescence confirmed that M2 TAMs were the primary immune cells expressing LILRB1. Dense infiltration of LILRB1+ M2 TAMs yielded an immunosuppressive microenvironment manifested as enriched exhausted CD8+ T cells and increased immunosuppressive cytokines. Moreover, patients with high infiltration of both LILRB1+ cells and M2 TAMs indicated poor prognosis and inferior therapeutic responsiveness to adjuvant chemotherapy. In conclusion, LILRB1+ M2 TAMs were associated with a pro-tumor immune contexture and determine poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Further studies are essential to explore therapeutic targeting LILRB1+ M2 TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Zhang
- Department of Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huifang Liu
- Department of Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tengfei Hao
- Department of Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Songcheng Yin
- Department of Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changhua Zhang
- Department of Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yulong He
- Department of Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Yu S, Xu J. Imaging Features of Primary T Cell Lymphoma in Bone: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Front Oncol 2021; 11:690819. [PMID: 34485126 PMCID: PMC8415166 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.690819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary bone lymphoma (PBL) is a less frequent type of extranodal lymphoma, which is defined as a single skeletal tumor or multiple bone lesions without visceral or lymph node involvement. Most published cases have reported diffused large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of PBL, and the prognosis is good after conventional treatment. Primary T-cell lymphoma is extremely rare in the literature. The clinical symptoms, imaging findings, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of primary T-cell lymphoma of bone are still unclear. The case details a young male patient who was treated for bone tuberculosis and was diagnosed with T-cell lymphoma during an open surgical biopsy. Further imaging evidence showed the lymphoma was localized within the femur. The patient responded poorly to combined chemo- and radiotherapy. He was confirmed with local lung metastases 11 months later and died at the 17th month of onset. I would like to provide PBL entities with some rare information about primary bone peripheral T-cell lymphoma and discuss the best strategy for the treatment of rare PBL subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suli Yu
- Department of Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianqiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines have an immunomodulatory effect on macrophages independent of hypoxia and toll-like receptor 9. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:990. [PMID: 34479492 PMCID: PMC8418007 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08357-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A low tissue oxygen level, < 1% O2, is a typical characteristic inside of solid tumors in head and neck cancer (HNSCC) affecting a wide array of cell populations, such as macrophages. However, the mechanisms of how hypoxia influences macrophages are not yet fully elucidated. Our research aimed to study the effect of soluble mediators produced by hypoxic cancer cells on macrophage polarization. Furthermore, we studied the effect of a hypoxic microenvironment on the expression of tumorigenic toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and the consecutive macrophage polarization. Methods Conditioned media (CMNOX or CMHOX) from cell lines UT-SCC-8, UT-SCC-74A, FaDu, MDA-MB-231 and HaCat cultured under normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions were used to polarize human monocyte-derived macrophages. Macrophage polarization was measured by flow cytometry and the production of cytokine mRNA using Taqman qPCR. To study the role of TLR9 in macrophage polarization, the lentiviral CRISPR/Cas9 method was used to establish a stable FaDuTLR9def clone. Results Our results demonstrate that the soluble mediators produced by the cancer cells under normoxia polarize macrophages towards a hybridized M1/M2a/M2c phenotype. Furthermore, the results suggest that hypoxia has a limited role in altering the array of cancer-produced soluble factors affecting macrophage polarization and cytokine production. Our data also indicates that increased expression of TLR9 due to hypoxia in malignant cells does not markedly influence the polarization of macrophages. TLR9 transcriptional response to hypoxia is dissimilar to a HIF1-α-regulated LDH-A. This may indicate a context-dependent expression of TLR9 under hypoxia. Conclusions HNSCC cell lines affect both macrophage activity (polarization) and functionality (cytokines), but with exception to iNOS expression, the effects appear independent of hypoxia and TLR9. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08357-8.
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Chen X, Wei Q, Sun H, Zhang X, Yang C, Tao Y, Nong G. Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulate Macrophage Polarization to Attenuate Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-Associated Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in Mice. Int J Stem Cells 2021; 14:331-340. [PMID: 33906978 PMCID: PMC8429939 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc20156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives To investigate the effect and the underlying mechanism of exosomes secreted by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) on diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) in murine lupus. Methods and Results Exosomes were extracted from cultured hUCMSCs by ultracentrifugation. The expressions of exosome markers (Alix, CD63 and TSG101) were measured for identification of hUCMSC-derived exosomes (hUCMSC-exosomes). The alveolar hemorrhage of DAH mice was revealed by H&E staining. The primary alveolar macrophages were isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of DAH mice. The expressions of M1 macrophage markers (iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β) and M2 macrophage markers (Arg1, IL-10, TGF-β and chi3l3) were detected. Flow cytometry measured the ratio of M1/M2 macrophages. ELISA measured the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β). DAH mice had hemorrhage and small-vessel vasculitis in the lung, with neutrophil and monocyte infiltration observed around the capillary and small artery. Furthermore, increases of IL-6 and TNF-α, and decreases of IL-10 and TGF-β were detected in the BALF of DAH mice. M1 makers were overexpressed in alveolar macrophages of DAH mice while M2 makers were lowly expressed. DAH mice had a higher proportion of M1 macrophages than M2 macrophages. After hUCMSC-exosome or methylprednisolone treatment in DAH mice, the alveolar injuries and inflammatory responses were attenuated, and the proportion of M2 macrophages was increased. Conclusions hUCMSC-exosomes attenuate DAH-induced inflammatory responses and alveolar hemorrhage by regulating macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongmei Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Changrong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Tao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Guangmin Nong
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
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Hodgkin Lymphoma in People Living with HIV. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174366. [PMID: 34503176 PMCID: PMC8430611 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a non-AIDS defining neoplasm, but people living with HIV (PLWH) have between a 5- and 26-fold higher risk of developing it than the general population. Epstein-Barr virus is present in almost all HIV-related HL cases, and plays an important role in its etiopathogenesis. Despite the aggressive characteristics, the prognosis of HL affecting PLWH is similar to that of the general population if patients are treated following the same recommendations. Administration of cART concomitantly with chemotherapy is highly recommended. However, this combination may be challenging due to drug–drug interactions and overlapping toxicity. Thus, interdisciplinary collaboration between hemato-oncologists and HIV specialists is crucial for the optimal treatment of both lymphoma and HIV infection. Abstract Despite widespread use of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) and increased life expectancy in people living with HIV (PLWH), HIV-related lymphomas (HRL) remain a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality for PLWH, even in patients optimally treated with cART. While the incidence of aggressive forms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma decreased after the advent of cART, incidence of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has increased among PLWH in recent decades. The coinfection of Epstein–Barr virus plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of HL in the HIV setting. Currently, PLWH with HRL, including HL, are treated similarly to HIV-negative patients and, importantly, the prognosis of HL in PLWH is approaching that of the general population. In this regard, effective cART during chemotherapy is strongly recommended since it has been shown to improve survival rates in all lymphoma subtypes, including HL. As a consequence, interdisciplinary collaboration between HIV specialists and hemato-oncologists for the management of potential drug–drug interactions and overlapping toxicities between antiretroviral and antineoplastic drugs is crucial for the optimal treatment of PLWH with HL. In this article the authors review and update the epidemiological, clinical and biological aspects of HL presenting in PLWH with special emphasis on advances in prognosis and the factors that have contributed to it.
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The ratio of CD163-positive macrophages to Iba1-positive macrophages is low in the intima in the early stage of cutaneous arteritis. Immunol Res 2021; 68:152-160. [PMID: 32578130 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-020-09140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and localized PAN, including cutaneous arteritis (CA), remains unknown; however, initial endothelial damage has been implicated. The intima of the vasculitis lesions is predominantly infiltrated by innate-like bystander-activated CD8 T cells, in addition to the macrophages. Macrophages are among the major inflammatory cells involved in innate immunity and are classified into M1 and M2 subtypes. M1-type macrophages kill pathogens and cause inflammation, while M2-type macrophages promote the repair of tissues. Macrophage subtypes infiltrating in PAN and localized PAN vasculitis lesions have not yet been investigated. Innate immune response to a triggering factor on the endothelial cell surface may initiate CA pathogenesis. Thus, many M1-type macrophages may infiltrate in the intima during early CA. We assessed this hypothesis by immunohistochemical observation of macrophage phenotypes and polarization. Twenty-seven skin biopsy specimens from patients with CA were retrieved. Based on histology, we classified CA into four phases. The phenotypes of infiltrating macrophages in CA were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against Iba-1, a pan-macrophage marker, and CD163, an M2-type macrophage marker. Our results showed that the ratio of CD163-positive M2-type macrophages to Iba1-positive macrophages was lower in the intima in the early stage of CA than in the later stage. In the media to adventitia, there was no significant difference in the ratios between these stages. These findings indicate that innate immunity is involved in the intima in the early stage of CA, suggesting that a trigger for CA might exist in endothelial cells.
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Tătaru CP, Tătaru CI, Dudău M, Moșu A, Luca L, Maria B, Bancu A, Curcă PF. Traumatic Intralenticular Neovascularization in a HLA B27+ Pediatric Patient. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1493. [PMID: 34441427 PMCID: PMC8392562 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Intralenticular tumors are an entity akin to Schrodinger's cat since, although the human crystalline cells themselves are not known to malignly proliferate, various entities can take the appearance and clinical presentation of a tumor originating in the lens. We present the peculiar case of an 11-year-old male patient of African descent, HLA B27+, with a previous history of minor ocular trauma and unilateral anterior uveitis a year before which was admitted to our department with total opacification of the crystalline lens in the right eye and lens neovascularization. During surgery, a vascular, white fibrotic mass measuring 0.1-0.2 cm was discovered inside the lens bag and was excised. (2) Methods: Retrospective case review. (3) Results: The histopathological exam of the excised mass revealed an abundant infiltrate consisting of CD68+ foamy macrophages and lymphoplasmacytic elements. CD68 is a pan-macrophage marker associated with an active inflammatory mechanism soliciting macrophages, and tissue activated macrophages are correlated to increased stromal and serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, providing an explanation for lens angiogenesis. (4) Conclusions: The diagnosis is of a "masquerade tumor" resulted from an abnormal inflammatory process in connection with previous ocular trauma and possibly the patient's HLA B27+ status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Călin Petru Tătaru
- Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.P.T.); (P.F.C.)
- Department Ophthalmology I, Clinical Hospital for Ophthalmological Emergencies, 010464 Bucharest, Romania; (M.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Cătălina Ioana Tătaru
- Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.P.T.); (P.F.C.)
- Department Ophthalmology I, Clinical Hospital for Ophthalmological Emergencies, 010464 Bucharest, Romania; (M.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Maria Dudău
- Department Ophthalmology I, Clinical Hospital for Ophthalmological Emergencies, 010464 Bucharest, Romania; (M.D.); (A.M.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandra Moșu
- Department Ophthalmology I, Clinical Hospital for Ophthalmological Emergencies, 010464 Bucharest, Romania; (M.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Lăcrămioara Luca
- Anatomopathological Laboratory of the National Institute for Legal Medicine “Mina Minovici”, 042122 Bucharest, Romania; (L.L.); (B.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Bosa Maria
- Anatomopathological Laboratory of the National Institute for Legal Medicine “Mina Minovici”, 042122 Bucharest, Romania; (L.L.); (B.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Alice Bancu
- Anatomopathological Laboratory of the National Institute for Legal Medicine “Mina Minovici”, 042122 Bucharest, Romania; (L.L.); (B.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Paul Filip Curcă
- Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.P.T.); (P.F.C.)
- Department Ophthalmology I, Clinical Hospital for Ophthalmological Emergencies, 010464 Bucharest, Romania; (M.D.); (A.M.)
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Yu Y, Wang J, Wang X, Gu P, Lei Z, Tang R, Wei C, Xu L, Wang C, Chen Y, Pu Y, Qi X, Yu B, Chen X, Zhu J, Li Y, Zhang Z, Zhou S, Su C. Schistosome eggs stimulate reactive oxygen species production to enhance M2 macrophage differentiation and promote hepatic pathology in schistosomiasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009696. [PMID: 34398890 PMCID: PMC8389433 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease of public health concern. The most devastating pathology in schistosomiasis japonica and mansoni is mainly attributed to the egg-induced granulomatous response and secondary fibrosis in host liver, which may lead to portal hypertension or even death of the host. Schistosome eggs induce M2 macrophages-rich granulomas and these M2 macrophages play critical roles in the maintenance of granuloma and subsequent fibrosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are highly produced by stimulated macrophages during infection and necessary for the differentiation of M2 macrophages, are massively distributed around deposited eggs in the liver. However, whether ROS are induced by schistosome eggs to subsequently promote M2 macrophage differentiation, and the possible underlying mechanisms as well, remain to be clarified during S. japonicum infection. Herein, we observed that extensive expression of ROS in the liver of S. japonicum-infected mice. Injection of ROS inhibitor in infected mice resulted in reduced hepatic granulomatous responses and fibrosis. Further investigations revealed that inhibition of ROS production in S. japonicum-infected mice reduces the differentiation of M2, accompanied by increased M1 macrophage differentiation. Finally, we proved that S. japonicum egg antigens (SEA) induce a high level of ROS production via both nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2) and mitochondria in macrophages. Our study may help to better understand the mechanism of schistosomiasis japonica-induced hepatic pathology and contribute to the development of potential therapeutic strategies by interfering with ROS production. Schistosomiasis is a neglected parasitic disease of poverty that affects ~200 million people mainly in (sub)tropical regions, resulting in a massive health burden and serious morbidity. During Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) or S. mansoni infection, parasite eggs are trapped in host liver and induce hepatic granulomas and fibrosis, which leads to severe liver damage, and even death of the host. In hepatic schistosomiasis, considerable amounts of ROS accumulate in granulomas surrounding liver-trapped eggs. However, whether schistosome eggs trigger the production of ROS, and if so, whether and how ROS promote hepatic pathology in host remain unknown. In this study, the authors illustrated that S. japonicum eggs evoke high production of ROS in macrophages, which is necessary for egg-mediated M2 macrophage differentiation and promotes hepatic granulomas and fibrosis in S. japonicum-infected mice. These discoveries provide a potential target regarding schistosome eggs-induced ROS production, which can be manipulated to regulate immunopathology in hepatic schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiong Yu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junling Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pan Gu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhigang Lei
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuan Wei
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanan Pu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Beibei Yu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jifeng Zhu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yalin Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sha Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (SZ); (CS)
| | - Chuan Su
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (SZ); (CS)
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Byrne KT, Betts CB, Mick R, Sivagnanam S, Bajor DL, Laheru DA, Chiorean EG, O'Hara MH, Liudahl SM, Newcomb C, Alanio C, Ferreira AP, Park BS, Ohtani T, Huffman AP, Väyrynen SA, Dias Costa A, Kaiser JC, Lacroix AM, Redlinger C, Stern M, Nowak JA, Wherry EJ, Cheever MA, Wolpin BM, Furth EE, Jaffee EM, Coussens LM, Vonderheide RH. Neoadjuvant Selicrelumab, an Agonist CD40 Antibody, Induces Changes in the Tumor Microenvironment in Patients with Resectable Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:4574-4586. [PMID: 34112709 PMCID: PMC8667686 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE CD40 activation is a novel clinical opportunity for cancer immunotherapy. Despite numerous active clinical trials with agonistic CD40 monoclonal antibodies (mAb), biological effects and treatment-related modulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME) remain poorly understood. PATIENTS AND METHODS Here, we performed a neoadjuvant clinical trial of agonistic CD40 mAb (selicrelumab) administered intravenously with or without chemotherapy to 16 patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) before surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and CD40 mAb. RESULTS The toxicity profile was acceptable, and overall survival was 23.4 months (95% confidence interval, 18.0-28.8 months). Based on a novel multiplexed immunohistochemistry platform, we report evidence that neoadjuvant selicrelumab leads to major differences in the TME compared with resection specimens from treatment-naïve PDAC patients or patients given neoadjuvant chemotherapy/chemoradiotherapy only. For selicrelumab-treated tumors, 82% were T-cell enriched, compared with 37% of untreated tumors (P = 0.004) and 23% of chemotherapy/chemoradiation-treated tumors (P = 0.012). T cells in both the TME and circulation were more active and proliferative after selicrelumab. Tumor fibrosis was reduced, M2-like tumor-associated macrophages were fewer, and intratumoral dendritic cells were more mature. Inflammatory cytokines/sec CXCL10 and CCL22 increased systemically after selicrelumab. CONCLUSIONS This unparalleled examination of CD40 mAb therapeutic mechanisms in patients provides insights for design of subsequent clinical trials targeting CD40 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn T Byrne
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Courtney B Betts
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon
| | - Rosemarie Mick
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shamilene Sivagnanam
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Daniel A Laheru
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - E Gabriela Chiorean
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mark H O'Hara
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shannon M Liudahl
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Craig Newcomb
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Cécile Alanio
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ana P Ferreira
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Byung S Park
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon
| | - Takuya Ohtani
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Austin P Huffman
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sara A Väyrynen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andressa Dias Costa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Colleen Redlinger
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Martin Stern
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - E John Wherry
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Brian M Wolpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emma E Furth
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Lisa M Coussens
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon
| | - Robert H Vonderheide
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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136
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Al Mamun A, Ngwa C, Qi S, Honarpisheh P, Datar S, Sharmeen R, Xu Y, McCullough LD, Liu F. Neuronal CD200 Signaling Is Protective in the Acute Phase of Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2021; 52:3362-3373. [PMID: 34353112 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.032374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE CD200 (cluster of differentiation 200), a highly glycosylated protein primarily expressed on neurons in the central nervous system, binds with its receptor CD200R to form an endogenous inhibitory signal against immune responses. However, little is known about the effect of neuronal CD200 signaling in cerebral ischemia. The aim of this study was to investigate how neuronal CD200 signaling impacts poststroke inflammation and the ischemic injury. METHODS CD200 tma1lf/fl:Thy1CreER mice were treated with tamoxifen to induce conditional gene knockout (ICKO) of neuronal CD200. The mice were subjected to a 60-minute transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Stroke outcomes, apoptotic cell death, immune cell infiltration, microglia activation, and other inflammatory profiles were evaluated at 3 and 7 days after stroke. RESULTS Infarct volumes were significantly larger, and behavioral deficits more severe in ICKO versus control mice at 3 days after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay also revealed a significant increase in apoptotic neuronal death in CD200 ICKO mice. An enhancement in lymphocytic infiltration and microglial proinflammatory responses were revealed by flow cytometry at 3 and 7 days after stroke in ICKO mice, accompanied by an increased microglial phagocytosis activity. Plasma proinflammatory cytokine (TNFα [tumor necrosis factor alpha] and IL [interleukin]-1β) levels significantly increased at 3 days, and IL-1β/IL-6 levels increased at 7 days in ICKO versus control animals. ICKO led to significantly lower baseline level of CD200 both in brain and plasma. CONCLUSIONS Neuronal CD200 inhibits proinflammatory responses and is protective against stroke injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Conelius Ngwa
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Shaohua Qi
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Pedram Honarpisheh
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Saumil Datar
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Romana Sharmeen
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Louise D McCullough
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Fudong Liu
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
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137
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CCL20/TNF/VEGFA Cytokine Secretory Phenotype of Tumor-Associated Macrophages Is a Negative Prognostic Factor in Cutaneous Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163943. [PMID: 34439098 PMCID: PMC8392234 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cutaneous melanoma is characterized by its heterogeneous metastatic behavior and robust biomarkers are still needed to identify those patients with increased risk for distant metastasis, to guide new adjuvant treatments. We aimed to assess the prognostic role of different features of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) using multicolor immunofluorescence microscopy and single-cell analysis. Rather than the number, size, or location of TAM, quantitative assessment of CCL20, TNF, and VEGFA cytokine content was associated with strong prognostic significance in primary melanoma. This novel TAM cytokine signature serves as a readout of TAM prometastatic activation and provides independent information to traditional TNM melanoma staging. In addition, we show that this particular cytokine profile is coregulated by p53 and NF-κB, suggesting that therapies targeting both pathways may modulate the prometastatic deviation of TAMs in melanoma. Abstract TAMs constitute a large fraction of infiltrating immune cells in melanoma tissues, but their significance for clinical outcomes remains unclear. We explored diverse TAM parameters in clinically relevant primary cutaneous melanoma samples, including density, location, size, and polarization marker expression; in addition, because cytokine production is a hallmark of macrophages function, we measured CCL20, TNF, and VEGFA intracellular cytokines by single-cell multiparametric confocal microscopy. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze correlation with melanoma-specific disease-free survival and overall survival. No significant correlations with clinical parameters were observed for TAM density, morphology, or location. Significantly, higher contents of the intracellular cytokines CCL20, TNF, and VEGFA were quantified in TAMs infiltrating metastasizing compared to non-metastasizing skin primary melanomas (p < 0.001). To mechanistically explore cytokine up-regulation, we performed in vitro studies with melanoma-conditioned macrophages, using RNA-seq to explore involved pathways and specific inhibitors. We show that p53 and NF-κB coregulate CCL20, TNF, and VEGFA in melanoma-conditioned macrophages. These results delineate a clinically relevant pro-oncogenic cytokine profile of TAMs with prognostic significance in primary melanomas and point to the combined therapeutic targeting of NF-kB/p53 pathways to control the deviation of TAMs in melanoma.
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138
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Immunohistochemical Characterization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Canine Lymphomas. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082301. [PMID: 34438760 PMCID: PMC8388421 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages have been confirmed to play a significant role in the behavior of human lymphomas, albeit no consistent data are so far available in canine lymphomas. The present study characterizes the macrophages present in cases of canine nodal lymphoma and their relationship with the histological grade and the immunophenotype. Samples from the lymph nodes of 25 dogs diagnosed with lymphoma were selected. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the tumor immunophenotype (CD3 and CD20 antibodies) and macrophage characterization (Iba1, MAC387, CD204, CD163 and iNOS antibodies). Macrophage counting was performed in 10 randomly selected, high-power fields per sample. Generalized linear models with Poisson distribution were used for statistical analysis. A significantly greater number of macrophages (Iba1+) were detected in high-grade and B-cell lymphomas. The highest amount of both M1 (iNOS+) and M2 (CD204+ and CD163+) subtypes were observed in B-cell lymphomas. High-grade lymphomas showed a greater number of CD204+ and CD163+ cells and recently recruited MAC387+ macrophages. The latter were most abundant in T than in B-cell lymphomas. In conclusion, a significant population of macrophages is present in canine lymphomas, which constitute a heterogeneous population that shows variations in the amount and immunohistochemical profile according to the histological grade and immunophenotype.
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139
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Cao D, Leong B, Messinger JD, Kar D, Ach T, Yannuzzi LA, Freund KB, Curcio CA. Hyperreflective Foci, Optical Coherence Tomography Progression Indicators in Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Include Transdifferentiated Retinal Pigment Epithelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:34. [PMID: 34448806 PMCID: PMC8399556 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.10.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose By optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, hyperreflective foci (HRF) indicate progression risk for advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and are in part attributable to ectopic retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). We hypothesized that ectopic RPE are molecularly distinct from in-layer cells and that their cross-retinal course follows Müller glia. Methods In clinical OCT (61 eyes, 44 patients with AMD, 79.4 ± 7.7 years; 29 female; follow-up = 4.7 ± 0.9 years), one HRF type, RPE plume (n = 129 in 4 morphologies), was reviewed. Twenty eyes of 20 donors characterized by ex vivo OCT were analyzed by histology (normal, 4; early/intermediate AMD, 7; geographic atrophy, 6; neovascular AMD, 3). Cryosections were stained with antibodies to retinoid (RPE65, CRALPB) and immune (CD68, CD163) markers. In published RPE cellular phenotypes, red immunoreactivity was assessed semiquantitatively by one observer (none, some cells, all cells). Results Plume morphology evolved over time and many resolved (40%). Trajectories of RPE plume and cellular debris paralleled Müller glia, including near atrophy borders. RPE corresponding to HRF lost immunoreactivity for retinoid markers and gained immunoreactivity for immune markers. Aberrant immunoreactivity appeared in individual in-layer RPE cells and extended to all abnormal phenotypes. Müller glia remained CRALBP positive. Plume cells approached and contacted retinal capillaries. Conclusions HRF are indicators not predictors of overall disease activity. Gain and loss of function starts with individual in-layer RPE cells and extends to all abnormal phenotypes. Evidence for RPE transdifferentiation, possibly due to ischemia, supports a proposed process of epithelial–mesenchyme transition. Data can propel new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Belinda Leong
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, New York, United States.,Retina Associates, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeffrey D Messinger
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Deepayan Kar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Thomas Ach
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lawrence A Yannuzzi
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, New York, United States.,LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, New York, New York, United States
| | - K Bailey Freund
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, New York, United States.,LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, New York, New York, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Christine A Curcio
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
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140
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Luo H, Xia X, Kim GD, Liu Y, Xue Z, Zhang L, Shu Y, Yang T, Chen Y, Zhang S, Chen H, Zhang W, Li R, Tang H, Dong B, Fu X, Cheng W, Zhang W, Yang L, Peng Y, Dai L, Hu H, Jiang Y, Gong C, Hu Y, Zhu J, Li Z, Caulin C, Wei T, Park J, Xu H. Characterizing dedifferentiation of thyroid cancer by integrated analysis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/31/eabf3657. [PMID: 34321197 PMCID: PMC8318367 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf3657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding of dedifferentiation, an indicator of poo prognosis for patients with thyroid cancer, has been hampered by imprecise and incomplete characterization of its heterogeneity and its attributes. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we explored the landscape of thyroid cancer at single-cell resolution with 46,205 cells and delineated its dedifferentiation process and suppressive immune microenvironment. The developmental trajectory indicated that anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cells were derived from a small subset of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cells. Moreover, a potential functional role of CREB3L1 on ATC development was revealed by integrated analyses of copy number alteration and transcriptional regulatory network. Multiple genes in differentiation-related pathways (e.g., EMT) were involved as the downstream targets of CREB3L1, increased expression of which can thus predict higher relapse risk of PTC. Collectively, our study provided insights into the heterogeneity and molecular evolution of thyroid cancer and highlighted the potential driver role of CREB3L1 in its dedifferentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Luo
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuyang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gyeong Dae Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhinan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tian Yang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shouyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haining Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weihan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruicen Li
- Health Promotion Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huairong Tang
- Health Promotion Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Birong Dong
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Changyang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiguo Hu
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingqiang Zhu
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Carlos Caulin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery and University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jihwan Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Heng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Serini S, Cassano R, Bruni M, Servidio C, Calviello G, Trombino S. Characterization of a hyaluronic acid and folic acid-based hydrogel for cisplatin delivery: Antineoplastic effect in human ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120899. [PMID: 34324990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We successfully prepared and characterized a hyaluronic acid- and folic acid-based hydrogel for the delivery of cisplatin (GEL-CIS) with the aim to induce specific and efficient incorporation of CIS into ovarian cancer (OC) cells, improve its antineoplastic effect and avoid CIS-resistance. The slow and controlled release of the drug from the polymeric network and its swelling degree at physiologic pH suggested its suitability for CIS delivery in OC. We compared here the effects of pure CIS to that of GEL-CIS on human OC cell lines, either wild type or CIS-resistant, in basal conditions and in the presence of macrophage-derived conditioned medium, mimicking the action of tumor-associated macrophages in vivo. GEL-CIS inhibited OC cell growth and migration more efficiently than pure CIS and modulated the expression of proteins involved in the Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition, a process playing a key role in OC metastatic spread and resistance to CIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Serini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Cassano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Matilde Bruni
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Camilla Servidio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Gabriella Calviello
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Sonia Trombino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
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Hang Q, Ying H, Cheng G, Yang S, Jin J, Chen Y, Chen Q, Jiang Y, Zhao Q, Fang M, Chen M, Lai X. [Prognostic Analysis of NSCLC Based on the Tumor-associated Macrophages, Tumor Neo-vessels and PD-L1 Expression in Tumor Microenvironment]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2021; 23:837-844. [PMID: 33070512 PMCID: PMC7583870 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.103.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
背景与目的 肿瘤微环境是肿瘤细胞赖以生存的复杂环境。其中肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumor-associated macrophages, TAMs)、肿瘤新生血管及程序性死亡受体1/程序性死亡受体-配体1(programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1, PD-1/PD-L1)作为关键部分,在肿瘤发生、发展过程中起重要作用,影响患者预后。本研究旨在阐明TAMs、肿瘤新生血管和PD-L1的表达与非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)临床病理特征的相关性,并探讨它们对NSCLC预后的影响。 方法 收集92例NSCLC患者的临床病理资料及手术标本,采用免疫组化法检测癌组织和癌旁组织中TAMs、肿瘤新生血管和PD-L1的表达,采用配备有Olympus-DP72图像采集系统的Olympus-BX51正置显微镜进行拍照并用Image-pro Plus 6.0软件进行半定量分析。 结果 癌组织与癌旁组织中TAMs、肿瘤新生血管和PD-L1的表达差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。根据肿瘤微环境中各组分的定量表达,可将其分为低、中、高表达组。癌组织中TAMs的低、中和高密度组的中位总生存(overall survival, OS)分别是36个月(95%CI: 25.3-46.7)、26个月(95%CI: 12.2-39.8)和16个月(95%CI: 9.4-22.6),差异具有统计学意义(P=0.016);肿瘤新生血管的低、中和高密度组的中位OS分别为30个月(95%CI: 22.5-37.5)、28个月(95%CI: 18.1-37.9)和25个月(95%CI: 14.6-35.4),差异无统计学意义(P=0.626);PD-L1的低、中和高表达组的中位OS分别为35个月(95%CI: 29.4-40.6),28个月(95%CI: 13.6-42.4)和17个月(95%CI: 10.5-23.5),差异具有统计学意义(P=0.002)。联合低、中和高表达组的中位OS分别为36个月(95%CI: 30.6-41.4)、26个月(95%CI: 19.2-32.8)和9个月(95%CI: 4.4-13.6),差异具有统计学意义(P=0.001)。Cox回归分析结果显示,病理分型、TAMs和PD-L1均为肺癌患者的独立预后因素。 结论 肿瘤微环境关键成分PD-L1及TAMs的表达与NSCLC患者的预后密切相关。
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Hang
- The Second Clinical Medical College Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Hangjie Ying
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Guoping Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Shifeng Yang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Jianan Jin
- The Second Clinical Medical College Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yamei Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Qixun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Youhua Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Min Fang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Xiaojing Lai
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
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Immune Microenvironment Features and Dynamics in Hodgkin Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143634. [PMID: 34298847 PMCID: PMC8304929 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As happens in all neoplasms, the many reciprocal interactions taking place between neoplastic cells and the other reactive cells impact the course of the disease. Hodgkin Lymphoma is an haematologic malignancy where most of the pathological tissue is indeed composed by reactive cells and few neoplastic cells. Consequently, it represents an interesting subject for the description of the neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells interaction. In this review we report and discuss the more recent findings of microenvironmental studies about this disease. Abstract Classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma (cHL) accounts for 10% of all lymphoma diagnosis. The peculiar feature of the disease is the presence of large multinucleated Reed–Sternberg and mononuclear Hodgkin cells interspersed with a reactive microenvironment (ME). Due to the production of a large number of cytokines, Hodgkin cells (HCs) and Hodgkin Reed–Sternberg cells (HRSCs) attract and favour the expansion of different immune cell populations, modifying their functional status in order to receive prosurvival stimuli and to turn off the antitumour immune response. To this purpose HRSCs shape a biological niche by organizing the spatial distribution of cells in the ME. This review will highlight the contribution of the ME in the pathogenesis and prognosis of cHL and its role as a possible therapeutic target.
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Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of acute cardiovascular events, and vascular calcification is an important pathological phenomenon in atherosclerosis. Recently, many studies have shown that immune cells are closely associated with the development of atherosclerosis and calcification, but there are many conflicting viewpoints because of immune system complications, such as the pro-atherosclerotic and atheroprotective effects of regulatory B cells (Bregs), T helper type 2 (Th2) cells and T helper type 17 (Th17) cells. In this review, we summarize the studies on the roles of immune cells, especially lymphocytes and macrophages, in atherosclerotic calcification. Furthermore, we prepared graphs showing the relationship between T cells, B cells and macrophages and atherosclerotic calcification. Finally, we highlight some potential issues that are closely associated with the function of immune cells in atherosclerotic calcification. Based on current research results, this review summarizes the relationship between immune cells and atherosclerotic calcification, and it will be beneficial to understand the relationship of immune cells and atherosclerotic calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Cao
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, 574417The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 574417The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, 574417The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jianghua Liu
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, 574417The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 574417The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, 574417The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
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145
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Macrophage Polarization States in the Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136995. [PMID: 34209703 PMCID: PMC8268869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 584] [Impact Index Per Article: 194.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The M1/M2 macrophage paradigm plays a key role in tumor progression. M1 macrophages are historically regarded as anti-tumor, while M2-polarized macrophages, commonly deemed tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), are contributors to many pro-tumorigenic outcomes in cancer through angiogenic and lymphangiogenic regulation, immune suppression, hypoxia induction, tumor cell proliferation, and metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) can influence macrophage recruitment and polarization, giving way to these pro-tumorigenic outcomes. Investigating TME-induced macrophage polarization is critical for further understanding of TAM-related pro-tumor outcomes and potential development of new therapeutic approaches. This review explores the current understanding of TME-induced macrophage polarization and the role of M2-polarized macrophages in promoting tumor progression.
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146
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Xue T, Yan K, Cai Y, Sun J, Chen Z, Chen X, Wu W. Prognostic significance of CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages in colorectal cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:186. [PMID: 34167561 PMCID: PMC8229299 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02299-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the prognostic significance of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the infiltration of CD163+ TAMs in 209 CRC samples, and the Kaplan–Meier method was used for survival analysis. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used for univariate analysis and multivariate analysis of clinically relevant confounders. Results The samples were divided into low-level (n = 105) and high-level infiltration groups (n = 104) by the median number of CD163+ TAMs detected. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of CRC patients in the low-level CD163+ TAM infiltration group were longer than those in the high-level CD163+ TAM infiltration group (P < 0.001). Infiltration of CD163+ TAMs in CRC tissues was a negative prognostic factor for CRC patients. Risks of death and disease recurrence for CRC patients in the low-level CD163+ TAM infiltration group were lower than those in the high-level CD163+ TAM infiltration group (HROS = 0.183, 95% CI 0.052–0.647, P = 0.008; HRDFS = 0.191, 95% CI 0.078–0.470, P = 0.000). Conclusions The infiltration of CD163+ TAMs in CRC tissue is an independent adverse factor for the prognosis of CRC patients. High-level infiltration of CD163+ TAMs is associated with shorter OS and DFS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12957-021-02299-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xue
- Department of Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kejing Yan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yiqi Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 1 West Fanhai Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiancheng Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 1 West Fanhai Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhejing Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 1 West Fanhai Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 1 West Fanhai Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 1 West Fanhai Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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147
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CD163 as a Potential Biomarker of Monocyte Activation in Ischemic Stroke Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136712. [PMID: 34201498 PMCID: PMC8268853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In ischemic stroke patients, a higher monocyte count is associated with disease severity and worse prognosis. The complex correlation between subset phenotypes and functions underscores the importance of clarifying the role of monocyte subpopulations. We examined the subtype-specific distribution of the CD163+ and CD80+ circulating monocytes and evaluated their association with the inflammatory status in 26 ischemic stroke patients and 16 healthy controls. An increased percentage of CD163+/CD16+ and CD163+/CD14++ events occurred 24 and 48 h after a stroke compared to the controls. CD163+ expression was more pronounced in CD16+ non-classical and intermediate monocytes, as compared to CD14+ classical subtype, 24 h after stroke. Conversely, the percentage of CD80+/CD16+ events was unaffected in patients; meanwhile, the percentage of CD80+/CD14+ events significantly increased only 24 h after stroke. Interleukin (IL)-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-4 mRNA levels were higher, while IL-10 mRNA levels were reduced in total monocytes from patients versus controls, at either 24 h or 48 h after stroke. The percentage of CD163+/CD16+ events 24 h after stroke was positively associated with NIHSS score and mRS at admission, suggesting that stroke severity and disability are relevant triggers for CD163+ expression in circulating CD16+ monocytes.
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148
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Stachyra K, Dudzisz-Śledź M, Bylina E, Szumera-Ciećkiewicz A, Spałek MJ, Bartnik E, Rutkowski P, Czarnecka AM. Merkel Cell Carcinoma from Molecular Pathology to Novel Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6305. [PMID: 34208339 PMCID: PMC8231245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an uncommon and highly aggressive skin cancer. It develops mostly within chronically sun-exposed areas of the skin. MCPyV is detected in 60-80% of MCC cases as integrated within the genome and is considered a major risk factor for MCC. Viral negative MCCs have a high mutation burden with a UV damage signature. Aberrations occur in RB1, TP53, and NOTCH genes as well as in the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. MCC is highly immunogenic, but MCC cells are known to evade the host's immune response. Despite the characteristic immunohistological profile of MCC, the diagnosis is challenging, and it should be confirmed by an experienced pathologist. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is considered the most reliable staging tool to identify subclinical nodal disease. Subclinical node metastases are present in about 30-50% of patients with primary MCC. The basis of MCC treatment is surgical excision. MCC is highly radiosensitive. It becomes chemoresistant within a few months. MCC is prone to recurrence. The outcomes in patients with metastatic disease are poor, with a historical 5-year survival of 13.5%. The median progression-free survival is 3-5 months, and the median overall survival is ten months. Currently, immunotherapy has become a standard of care first-line therapy for advanced MCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Stachyra
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (M.D.-Ś.); (E.B.); (M.J.S.); (P.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Dudzisz-Śledź
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (M.D.-Ś.); (E.B.); (M.J.S.); (P.R.)
| | - Elżbieta Bylina
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (M.D.-Ś.); (E.B.); (M.J.S.); (P.R.)
- Department of Clinical Trials, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Szumera-Ciećkiewicz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Diagnostic Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz J. Spałek
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (M.D.-Ś.); (E.B.); (M.J.S.); (P.R.)
| | - Ewa Bartnik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Rutkowski
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (M.D.-Ś.); (E.B.); (M.J.S.); (P.R.)
| | - Anna M. Czarnecka
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (M.D.-Ś.); (E.B.); (M.J.S.); (P.R.)
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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149
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Moysi E, Del Rio Estrada PM, Torres-Ruiz F, Reyes-Terán G, Koup RA, Petrovas C. In Situ Characterization of Human Lymphoid Tissue Immune Cells by Multispectral Confocal Imaging and Quantitative Image Analysis; Implications for HIV Reservoir Characterization. Front Immunol 2021; 12:683396. [PMID: 34177929 PMCID: PMC8221112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.683396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4 T cells are key mediators of adaptive immune responses during infection and vaccination. Within secondary lymphoid organs, helper CD4 T cells, particularly those residing in germinal centers known as follicular helper T cells (Tfh), provide critical help to B-cells to promote their survival, isotype switching and selection of high affinity memory B-cells. On the other hand, the important role of Tfh cells for the maintenance of HIV reservoir is well documented. Thus, interrogating and better understanding the tissue specific micro-environment and immune subsets that contribute to optimal Tfh cell differentiation and function is important for designing successful prevention and cure strategies. Here, we describe the development and optimization of eight multispectral confocal microscopy immunofluorescence panels designed for in depth characterization and immune-profiling of relevant immune cells in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human lymphoid tissue samples. We provide a comprehensive library of antibodies to use for the characterization of CD4+ T-cells -including Tfh and regulatory T-cells- as well as CD8 T-cells, B-cells, macrophages and dendritic cells and discuss how the resulting multispectral confocal datasets can be quantitatively dissected using the HistoCytometry pipeline to collect information about relative frequencies and immune cell spatial distributions. Cells harboring actively transcribed virus are analyzed using an in-situ hybridization assay for the characterization of HIV mRNA positive cells in combination with additional protein markers (multispectral RNAscope). The application of this methodology to lymphoid tissues offers a means to interrogate multiple relevant immune cell targets simultaneously at increased resolution in a reproducible manner to guide CD4 T-cell studies in infection and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Moysi
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Perla M Del Rio Estrada
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Torres-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Reyes-Terán
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico.,Comisión Coordinadora de Institutos Nacionales de Salud y Hospitales de Alta Especialidad, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Richard A Koup
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Constantinos Petrovas
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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150
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Inagaki K, Kunisho S, Takigawa H, Yuge R, Oka S, Tanaka S, Shimamoto F, Chayama K, Kitadai Y. Role of tumor-associated macrophages at the invasive front in human colorectal cancer progression. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:2692-2704. [PMID: 33964093 PMCID: PMC8253270 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are an essential component of antitumor activity; however, the role of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. Here, we elucidated the role of TAMs in CRC progression, especially at the early stage. We assessed the TAM number, phenotype, and distribution in 53 patients with colorectal neoplasia, including intramucosal neoplasia, submucosal invasive colorectal cancer (SM‐CRC), and advanced cancer, using double immunofluorescence for CD68 and CD163. Next, we focused on the invasive front in SM‐CRC and association between TAMs and clinicopathological features including lymph node metastasis, which were evaluated in 87 SM‐CRC clinical specimens. The number of M2 macrophages increased with tumor progression and dynamic changes were observed with respect to the number and phenotype of TAMs at the invasive front, especially at the stage of submucosal invasion. A high M2 macrophage count at the invasive front was correlated with lymphovascular invasion, low histological differentiation, and lymph node metastasis; a low M1 macrophage count at the invasive front was correlated with lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the M2/M1 ratio was a better predictor of the risk of lymph node metastasis than the pan‐, M1, or M2 macrophage counts at the invasive front. These results suggested that TAMs at the invasive front might play a role in CRC progression, especially at the early stages. Therefore, evaluating the TAM phenotype, number, and distribution may be a potential predictor of metastasis, including lymph node metastasis, and TAMs may be a potential CRC therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuaki Inagaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Hiroshima University Hospital, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shoma Kunisho
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Culture and Science, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Takigawa
- Department of Endoscopy, Hiroshima University Hospital, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryo Yuge
- Department of Endoscopy, Hiroshima University Hospital, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shiro Oka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Hiroshima University Hospital, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Department of Endoscopy, Hiroshima University Hospital, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Fumio Shimamoto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hiroshima Shudo University, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Hiroshima University Hospital, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kitadai
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Culture and Science, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
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