101
|
Phillips AG, Geyer MA, Robbins TW. Effective Use of Animal Models for Therapeutic Development in Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:915-923. [PMID: 29478700 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Athina Markou and others argue forcefully for the adoption of a "translational-back translational strategy" for central nervous system drug discovery involving novel application of drugs with established safety profiles in proof-of-principle studies in humans, which in turn encourage parallel studies using experimental animals to provide vital data on the neural systems and neuropharmacological mechanisms related to the actions of the candidate drugs. Encouraged by the increasing adoption of drug-development strategies involving reciprocal information exchange between preclinical animal studies and related clinical research programs, this review presents additional compelling examples related to the following: 1) the treatment of cognitive deficits that define attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; 2) the development of fast-acting antidepressants based on promising clinical effects with low doses of the anesthetic ketamine; and 3) new and effective medications for the treatment of substance misuse. In the context of addressing the unmet medical need for new and effective drugs for treatment of mental ill health, now may be the time to launch major new academic-industry consortia committed to open access of all preclinical and clinical data generated by this research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony G Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Mark A Geyer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Sanchez C, El Khoury A, Hassan M, Wegener G, Mathé AA. Sex-dependent behavior, neuropeptide profile and antidepressant response in rat model of depression. Behav Brain Res 2018; 351:93-103. [PMID: 29857028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A plethora of animal models of depression is described in the literature, aiming at mimicking different aspects of depression. Understanding the link between depression and stress has been and remains a major focus area for development of animal models, but lines of research with a more mechanistic focus targeting deficiencies in neurotransmitter systems or dysfunctional neuronal circuitries and neuroinflammation are also pursued vigorously. The main objectives of the present study were systematically to evaluate strain and sex characteristics of a genetic animal model, the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL)/ Flinders Resistant Line (FRL), by applying behavioral, molecular and pharmacological measures relevant to depression, and compare it with the outbred Sprague Dawley rat. In addition, we aimed at comparing across strains and sex the expression of NPY, CRF, CGRP in brain regions critically involved in mood regulation, and investigating the responses to escitalopram. In line with the comparisons of FSL and FRL rats, the FSL rats weighed significantly less than SD rats. Overall, escitalopram treatment for 5-6 weeks did not have a major impact on weight, but displayed a significant antidepressant-like effect, however without any changes in NPY, CRH and CGRP expression. Our comparative study of FSL and SD rat with respect to behavioral characteristic, neuropeptide levels in various brain regions (protein and mRNA levels), and response to long-term antidepressant treatment revealed that female FSL rats showed the most pronounced depressive-like phenotype and response to SSRI treatment. However, these findings were not paralleled by changes in measures of NPY, CRH and CGRP function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Connie Sanchez
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Lundbeck US Q10 LLC, Paramus, NJ, United States.
| | - Aram El Khoury
- Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Gregers Wegener
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Department of Clinical Medicine, AUGUST Centre, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
103
|
Song Y, Sun R, Ji Z, Li X, Fu Q, Ma S. Perilla aldehyde attenuates CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviors via regulating TXNIP/TRX/NLRP3 pathway in rats. Life Sci 2018; 206:117-124. [PMID: 29800538 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence supports that inflammatory reaction in the hippocampus is a potential cause of major depressive disorder (MDD). Perilla aldehyde (PAH), a major constituent from Perilla frutescens, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity. The aim of this study is to explore the antidepressant-like effect and the underlying mechanism of PAH on the rats model induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). METHODS CUMS rats model was built to tested their depressive-like behaviors. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were tested. Proteins were analyzed by Western blot and Immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We found that treatment with PAH (20, 40 mg/kg) and fluoxetine (FLU, 10 mg/kg) significantly improved the sucrose consumption, immobility time in forced swim test (FST), as well as locomotor activity in open-field test (OFT). The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in hippocampus were also suppressed effectively by PAH and FLU administration. Western blot analysis showed the up-regulated levels of TXNIP, NLRP3, Cleaved caspase-1 and p-NF-κB p65 in the hippocampus in rats exposed to CUMS paradigm, while different degrees of down-regulation in their expression were detected after PAH (20, 40 mg/kg) and FLU (10 mg/kg) treatment respectively. The results from histopathological examination further demonstrated that PAH (20, 40 mg/kg) and FLU (10 mg/kg) treatment reversed the alteration of TRX, NLRP3 and Cleaved caspase-1 induced by CUMS procedure. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that PAH exhibited antidepressant-like effect in CUMS-induced rats model of depression, which might be mediated by TXNIP/TRX/NLRP3 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Song
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Ruoxi Sun
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhouye Ji
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xiaoxi Li
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Shiping Ma
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Qinba Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Research and Development Center, AnKang University, AnKang 725000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Padilla KM, Quintanar‐Setephano A, López‐Vallejo F, Berumen LC, Miledi R, García‐Alcocer G. Behavioral changes induced through adenosine A2A receptor ligands in a rat depression model induced by olfactory bulbectomy. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e00952. [PMID: 29761007 PMCID: PMC5943772 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorders are characterized by their severity and long-lasting symptoms, which make such disorders highly disabling illnesses. Unfortunately, 50% of major depressive patients experience relapses, perhaps partly because drug research has been performed only in animal models that screen for antidepressant drugs that appear to only ameliorate acute depression symptoms. The bilateral olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) animal model presents the advantage of mimicking the symptoms of chronic depression by means of brain surgery. Adenosine purinergic receptors A2A (A2AR) have been the target of interest in the field of psychiatric diseases. This study aimed to show which A2A receptor ligands exert antidepressive-like effects in the OBX rat model. Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into four groups: control, OBX + vehicle, OBX + ZM 241385, and OBX + adenosine groups. Pharmacological treatment was administered for 14 days, and the rats were examined via the forced swim test (FST), open field test (OFT), and sucrose preference test (SPT). Results The OBX + ZM 241385 group exhibited decreased immobility time in the FST, decreased isolation time in the OFT, and reversed anhedonia behavior in the SPT compared to the vehicle group. However, no significant differences for adenosine treatment were found. Conclusions ZM 241385 administration (2 mg/kg i.p.) restored behavioral changes associated with OBX-induced depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andres Quintanar‐Setephano
- Centro de Ciencias BásicasDepartamento de Fisiología y FarmacologíaUniversidad Autónoma de AguascalientesAguascalientesMéxico
| | - Fabian López‐Vallejo
- Facultad de CienciasDepartamento de QuímicaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotáColombia
| | | | - Ricardo Miledi
- Instituto de NeurobiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoJuriquilla QuerétaroMéxico
| | | |
Collapse
|
105
|
Lin YE, Chou ST, Lin SH, Lu KH, Panyod S, Lai YS, Ho CT, Sheen LY. Antidepressant-like effects of water extract of Gastrodia elata Blume on neurotrophic regulation in a chronic social defeat stress model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 215:132-139. [PMID: 29288827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Gastrodia elata Blume (GE) is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used to treat dizziness, epilepsy, paralysis and some emotional symptoms in east Asia. We previously showed that the water extract of Gastrodia elata Blume (WGE) possesses anti-depression like effects in a forced swimming test and chronic mild stress model. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant-like effects of WGE and potential mechanisms related to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulation in mice exposed to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty C57BL/6 mice were divided into 5 groups as follows: a control (CTL) group, CSDS group, and 3 WGE groups receiving 250, 500 or 1000mg/kg body weight in the CSDS model. Mice were administered WGE for 24 days by oral gavage, and the social defeat stress paradigm began on day 14, except for the control group. A social interaction test was conducted to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of WGE. Blood samples were collected to measure serum corticosterone levels, and the brain was dissected to investigate the expression of BDNF-related signaling pathway proteins using western blotting. RESULTS Oral administration of WGE improved depression-like behaviors and stress-induced elevations of corticosterone. Further, WGE increased the protein expression of BDNF and promoted the hippocampal protein phosphorylation ratio of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and protein kinase B (Akt). CONCLUSION WGE exerts antidepressant-like effects on mice in a CSDS model, likely through activating of the BDNF/CREB/Akt pathway. Therefore, WGE has potential as a supplement or an adjuvant to prevent or treat clinical depressive disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-En Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Shao-Ting Chou
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Shih-Hang Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Kuan-Hung Lu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Suraphan Panyod
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yi-Syuan Lai
- Department of Hospitality Management, Yu Da University of Science and Technology, Miaoli 36143, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8520, USA.
| | - Lee-Yan Sheen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
McDonnell-Dowling K, Miczek KA. Alcohol, psychomotor-stimulants and behaviour: methodological considerations in preclinical models of early-life stress. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:909-933. [PMID: 29511806 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4852-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to assess the risk associated with early-life stress, there has been an increase in the amount of preclinical studies investigating early-life stress. There are many challenges associated with investigating early-life stress in animal models and ensuring that such models are appropriate and clinically relevant. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this review is to highlight the methodological considerations in the design of preclinical studies investigating the effects of early-life stress on alcohol and psychomotor-stimulant intake and behaviour. METHODS The protocols employed for exploring early-life stress were investigated and summarised. Experimental variables include animals, stress models, and endpoints employed. RESULTS The findings in this paper suggest that there is little consistency among these studies and so the interpretation of these results may not be as clinically relevant as previously thought. CONCLUSION The standardisation of these simple stress procedures means that results will be more comparable between studies and that results generated will give us a more robust understanding of what can and may be happening in the human and veterinary clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Klaus A Miczek
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 530 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Godoy LD, Umeoka EHL, Ribeiro DE, Santos VR, Antunes-Rodrigues J, Joca SRL, Garcia-Cairasco N. Multimodal early-life stress induces biological changes associated to psychopathologies. Horm Behav 2018; 100:69-80. [PMID: 29548783 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Evidences suggest the contributive role of early-life stress (ELS) to affective and anxiety disorders. Chronic exposure to the same stressor may generate habituation, while the exposure to different and repeated stressors gradually promotes maladaptive plasticity. Therefore, to further understand the effects of heterotypic stressors during early life period, male Wistar rat pups (P1-P21) were exposed to Multimodal ELS paradigm. Results indicate pups did not habituate to multimodal ELS and neonates respond to both physical and psychogenic stressors. Adult rats that underwent ELS protocol showed significant lower sucrose intake, decreased latency to immobility in the forced swim test and increased latency to light compartment in the light-dark test when compared to control group. Although it has been shown that ELS-induced changes in hippocampus can be used as biomarkers, multimodal ELS did not significantly alter BDNF, Tyrosine Kinase B (TrkB) receptor expression or neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Taken together, these findings indicate that multimodal ELS protocol can be an interesting experimental model for understanding long-term psychiatric disorders associated with stress. Indeed, our data with neurogenesis, BDNF and TrkB, and conflicting data from the literature, suggest that additional studies on synaptic plasticity/intracellular cascades would help to detect the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lívea Dornela Godoy
- Physiology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo H L Umeoka
- Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Deidiane Elisa Ribeiro
- Pharmacology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Antunes-Rodrigues
- Physiology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samia Regiane Lourenço Joca
- Physics and Chemistry Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, Brazil; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Norberto Garcia-Cairasco
- Physiology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil; Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Maciel AL, Abelaira HM, de Moura AB, de Souza TG, Rosa T, Matos D, Tuon T, Garbossa L, Strassi AP, Fileti ME, Goldim MP, Mathias K, Petronilho F, Quevedo J, Réus GZ. Acute treatment with ketamine and chronic treatment with minocycline exert antidepressant-like effects and antioxidant properties in rats subjected different stressful events. Brain Res Bull 2018; 137:204-216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
109
|
Wadhwa M, Chauhan G, Roy K, Sahu S, Deep S, Jain V, Kishore K, Ray K, Thakur L, Panjwani U. Caffeine and Modafinil Ameliorate the Neuroinflammation and Anxious Behavior in Rats during Sleep Deprivation by Inhibiting the Microglia Activation. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:49. [PMID: 29599709 PMCID: PMC5863523 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sleep deprivation (SD) plagues modern society due to the professional demands. It prevails in patients with mood and neuroinflammatory disorders. Although growing evidence suggests the improvement in the cognitive performance by psychostimulants during sleep-deprived conditions, the impending involved mechanism is rarely studied. Thus, we hypothesized that mood and inflammatory changes might be due to the glial cells activation induced modulation of the inflammatory cytokines during SD, which could be improved by administering psychostimulants. The present study evaluated the role of caffeine/modafinil on SD-induced behavioral and inflammatory consequences. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were sleep deprived for 48 h using automated SD apparatus. Caffeine (60 mg/kg/day) or modafinil (100 mg/kg/day) were administered orally to rats once every day during SD. Rats were subjected to anxious and depressive behavioral evaluation after SD. Subsequently, blood and brain were collected for biochemical, immunohistochemical and molecular studies. Results: Sleep deprived rats presented an increased number of entries and time spent in closed arms in elevated plus maze test and decreased total distance traveled in the open field (OF) test. Caffeine/modafinil treatment significantly improved these anxious consequences. However, we did not observe substantial changes in immobility and anhedonia in sleep-deprived rats. Caffeine/modafinil significantly down-regulated the pro- and up-regulated the anti-inflammatory cytokine mRNA and protein expression in the hippocampus during SD. Similar outcomes were observed in blood plasma cytokine levels. Caffeine/modafinil treatment significantly decreased the microglial immunoreactivity in DG, CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus during SD, however, no significant increase in immunoreactivity of astrocytes was observed. Sholl analysis signified the improvement in the morphological alterations of astrocytes and microglia after caffeine/modafinil administration during SD. Stereological analysis demonstrated a significant improvement in the number of ionized calcium binding adapter molecule I (Iba-1) positive cells (different states) in different regions of the hippocampus after caffeine or modafinil treatment during SD without showing any significant change in total microglial cell number. Eventually, the correlation analysis displayed a positive relationship between anxiety, pro-inflammatory cytokines and activated microglial cell count during SD. Conclusion: The present study suggests the role of caffeine or modafinil in the amelioration of SD-induced inflammatory response and anxious behavior in rats. Highlights - SD induced mood alterations in rats. - Glial cells activated in association with the changes in the inflammatory cytokines. - Caffeine or modafinil improved the mood and restored inflammatory changes during SD. - SD-induced anxious behavior correlated with the inflammatory consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meetu Wadhwa
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), New Delhi, India
| | - Garima Chauhan
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), New Delhi, India
| | - Koustav Roy
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), New Delhi, India
| | - Surajit Sahu
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), New Delhi, India
| | - Satyanarayan Deep
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), New Delhi, India
| | - Vishal Jain
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), New Delhi, India
| | - Krishna Kishore
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), New Delhi, India
| | - Koushik Ray
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), New Delhi, India
| | - Lalan Thakur
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), New Delhi, India
| | - Usha Panjwani
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
German-Ponciano LJ, Rosas-Sánchez GU, Rivadeneyra-Domínguez E, Rodríguez-Landa JF. Advances in the Preclinical Study of Some Flavonoids as Potential Antidepressant Agents. SCIENTIFICA 2018; 2018:2963565. [PMID: 29623232 PMCID: PMC5829422 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2963565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are phenolic compounds found commonly in plants that protect them against the negative effects of environmental insults. These secondary metabolites have been widely studied in preclinical research because of their biological effects, particularly as antioxidant agents. Diverse flavonoids have been studied to explore their potential therapeutic effects in the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system, including anxiety and depression. The present review discusses advances in the study of some flavonoids as potential antidepressant agents. We describe their behavioral, physiological, and neurochemical effects and the apparent mechanism of action of their preclinical antidepressant-like effects. Natural flavonoids produce antidepressant-like effects in validated behavioral models of depression. The mechanism of action of these effects includes the activation of serotonergic, dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and γ-aminobutyric acid-ergic neurotransmitter systems and an increase in the production of neural factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor. Additionally, alterations in the function of tropomyosin receptor kinase B and activity of the enzyme monoamine oxidase A have been reported. In conclusion, preclinical research supports the potential antidepressant effects of some natural flavonoids, which opens new possibilities of evaluating these substances to develop complementary therapeutic alternatives that could ameliorate symptoms of depressive disorders in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- León Jesús German-Ponciano
- Programa de Doctorado en Neuroetología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Uriel Rosas-Sánchez
- Programa de Doctorado en Neuroetología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa
- Facultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, VER, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Sahin Ozkartal C, Aricioglu F, Tuzun E, Kucukali Cİ. Chronic mild stress-induced anhedonia in rats is coupled with the upregulation of inflammasome sensors: a possible involvement of NLRP1. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1426694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Sahin Ozkartal
- Department of Pharmacology and Psychopharmacology Research Unit, School of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feyza Aricioglu
- Department of Pharmacology and Psychopharmacology Research Unit, School of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdem Tuzun
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute for Experimental Medical Research, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cem İsmail Kucukali
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute for Experimental Medical Research, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Tian Q, Chen L, Luo B, Wang AP, Zou W, You Y, Zhang P, Tang XQ. Hydrogen Sulfide Antagonizes Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors via Upregulation of Adiponectin. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:399. [PMID: 30233424 PMCID: PMC6127318 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud: Chronic restraint stress (CRS) induces depressive-like behaviors in rodents, which involves dysregulation of hippocampal synapse formation and excessive autophagy. Adiponectin has antidepressant activity. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a novel gasotransmitter. The present work was to investigate whether H2S antagonizes CRS-induced depressive-like behaviors in rats and to explore whether its potential mechanism involves ameliorated synaptic and autophagic dysregulation by upregulation of adiponectin. Methods: Depressive-like behavior was analyzed by the tail suspension test (TST), novelty suppressed feeding test (NSFT), and open field test (OFT). The structure of autophagy was observed under transmission electron microscopy. The expressions of adiponectin, beclin1, and sequestosome 1 (p62/SQSTMI) protein in hippocampus were measured by Western blot. The levels of synapsin1 (SYN1) in the hippocampus were calculated by Western blot and immunofluorescence technique. Results: The behavior experiments, including TST, NSFT, and OFT, showed that NaHS (a donor of H2S) reduced CRS-induced depressive-like behaviors. NaHS decreased the loss of hippocampal synapse as evidenced by increased the level of SYN1 in the hippocampus of CRS-exposed rats. NaHS rescued CRS-induced excessive hippocampal autophagy as evidenced by declines in the number of autophagosomes and the expression of beclin1 as well as increase in the expression of P62 in the hippocampus of CRS-exposed rats. NaHS upregulated hippocampal adiponectin expression in the CRS-exposed rats. Furthermore, neutralizing adiponectin by Anti-acrp30 reversed the protective response of NaHS to CRS-produced depressive-like behaviors as well as hippocampal synaptic disruption and excessive autophagy. Conclusion: H2S mitigates CRS-induced depressive behavior via upregulation of adiponectin, which in turn results in amelioration in hippocampal synapse formation dysfunction and excessive autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tian
- Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Bang Luo
- Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Institute of Clinical Research, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ai-Ping Wang
- Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wei Zou
- Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yong You
- Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Institute of Clinical Research, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Tang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Institute of Clinical Research, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Schneider EK, McQuade RM, Carbone VC, Reyes-Ortega F, Wilson JW, Button B, Saito A, Poole DP, Hoyer D, Li J, Velkov T. The potentially beneficial central nervous system activity profile of ivacaftor and its metabolites. ERJ Open Res 2018; 4:00127-2017. [PMID: 29560360 PMCID: PMC5850045 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00127-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ivacaftor-lumacaftor and ivacaftor are two new breakthrough cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance modulators. The interactions of ivacaftor and its two metabolites hydroxymethylivacaftor (iva-M1) and ivacaftorcarboxylate (iva-M6) with neurotransmitter receptors were investigated in radioligand binding assays. Ivacaftor displayed significant affinity to the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) 5-HT2C receptor (pKi=6.06±0.03), β3-adrenergic receptor (pKi=5.71±0.07), δ-opioid receptor (pKi=5.59±0.06) and the dopamine transporter (pKi=5.50±0.20); iva-M1 displayed significant affinity to the 5-HT2C receptor (pKi=5.81±0.04) and the muscarinic M3 receptor (pKi=5.70±0.10); iva-M6 displayed significant affinity to the 5-HT2A receptor (pKi=7.33±0.05). The in vivo central nervous system activity of ivacaftor (40 mg·kg-1 intraperitoneally for 21 days) was assessed in a chronic mouse model of depression. In the forced swim test, the ivacaftor-treated group displayed decreased immobility (52.8±7.6 s), similarly to fluoxetine (33.8±11.0 s), and increased climbing/swimming activity (181.5±9.2 s). In the open field test, ivacaftor produced higher locomotor activity than the fluoxetine group, measured both as mean number of paw touches (ivacaftor 81.1±9.6 versus fluoxetine 57.9±9.5) and total distance travelled (ivacaftor 120.6±16.8 cm versus fluoxetine 84.5±16.0 cm) in 600 s. Treatment of 23 cystic fibrosis patients with ivacaftor-lumacaftor resulted in significant improvements in quality of life (including anxiety) in all five domains of the AweScoreCF questionnaire (p=0.092-0.096). Our findings suggest ivacaftor displays potential clinical anxiolytic and stimulating properties, and may have beneficial effects on mood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena K. Schneider
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- Dept of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Rachel M. McQuade
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Felisa Reyes-Ortega
- Dept of Applied Physics, Sciences Faculty, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - John W. Wilson
- Dept of Medicine, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Cystic Fibrosis Service, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brenda Button
- Dept of Medicine, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Cystic Fibrosis Service, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ayame Saito
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Daniel P. Poole
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Daniel Hoyer
- Dept of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Dept of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Dept of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- These two authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tony Velkov
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- Dept of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- These two authors contributed equally to this work
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Sitaraman D, Kramer EF, Kahsai L, Ostrowski D, Zars T. Discrete Serotonin Systems Mediate Memory Enhancement and Escape Latencies after Unpredicted Aversive Experience in Drosophila Place Memory. Front Syst Neurosci 2017; 11:92. [PMID: 29321732 PMCID: PMC5732137 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2017.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Feedback mechanisms in operant learning are critical for animals to increase reward or reduce punishment. However, not all conditions have a behavior that can readily resolve an event. Animals must then try out different behaviors to better their situation through outcome learning. This form of learning allows for novel solutions and with positive experience can lead to unexpected behavioral routines. Learned helplessness, as a type of outcome learning, manifests in part as increases in escape latency in the face of repeated unpredicted shocks. Little is known about the mechanisms of outcome learning. When fruit fly Drosophilamelanogaster are exposed to unpredicted high temperatures in a place learning paradigm, flies both increase escape latencies and have a higher memory when given control of a place/temperature contingency. Here we describe discrete serotonin neuronal circuits that mediate aversive reinforcement, escape latencies, and memory levels after place learning in the presence and absence of unexpected aversive events. The results show that two features of learned helplessness depend on the same modulatory system as aversive reinforcement. Moreover, changes in aversive reinforcement and escape latency depend on local neural circuit modulation, while memory enhancement requires larger modulation of multiple behavioral control circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Sitaraman
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Elizabeth F Kramer
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Lily Kahsai
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Daniela Ostrowski
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Troy Zars
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Todorović N, Filipović D. The antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of fluoxetine and clozapine in chronically isolated rats involve inhibition of hippocampal TNF-α. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 163:57-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
116
|
Early life experience contributes to the developmental programming of depressive-like behaviour, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 95:196-207. [PMID: 28886447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study used an animal model of depression induced by maternal care deprivation (MCD) to investigate whether depressive behaviour, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress were underlying factors in developmental programming after early life stress. At postnatal days (PND) 20, 30, 40, and 60, individual subsets of animals were evaluated in behavioural tests and then euthanized to assess cytokine levels and oxidative stress parameters in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus and serum. The results showed that MCD did not induce behavioural changes at PND 30 and 40. However, at PND 20 and 60, the rats displayed a depressive-like behaviour in the forced swimming test, without changes in locomotor spontaneous activity. In the brain and serum, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)) were increased, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-10) level was reduced throughout developmental programming (PND 20, 30, 40 and 60). Protein carbonyl levels increased in the brain at PND 30, 40 and 60. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was decreased during all developmental programming phases evaluated in the brain. Catalase (CAT) activity was decreased at PND 20, 40 and 60 in the brain. Our results revealed that "critical episodes" in early life stressful events are able to induce behavioural alterations that persist into adulthood and can stimulate inflammation and oxidative damage in both central and peripheral systems, which are required for distinct patterns of resilience against psychiatric disorders later in life.
Collapse
|
117
|
Yuen E, Swanson S, Witkin JM. Prediction of human efficacious antidepressant doses using the mouse forced swim test. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 161:22-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
118
|
Agonist E-6837 and antagonist SB-271046 of 5-HT6 receptors both reverse the depressive-like effect induced in mice by subchronic ketamine administration. Behav Pharmacol 2017; 28:582-585. [DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
119
|
Galvão-Coelho NL, Galvão ACDM, da Silva FS, de Sousa MBC. Common Marmosets: A Potential Translational Animal Model of Juvenile Depression. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:175. [PMID: 28983260 PMCID: PMC5613153 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depression is a psychiatric disorder with high prevalence in the general population, with increasing expression in adolescence, about 14% in young people. Frequently, it presents as a chronic condition, showing no remission even after several pharmacological treatments and persisting in adult life. Therefore, distinct protocols and animal models have been developed to increase the understanding of this disease or search for new therapies. To this end, this study investigated the effects of chronic social isolation and the potential antidepressant action of nortriptyline in juvenile Callithrix jacchus males and females by monitoring fecal cortisol, body weight, and behavioral parameters and searching for biomarkers and a protocol for inducing depression. The purpose was to validate this species and protocol as a translational model of juvenile depression, addressing all domain criteria of validation: etiologic, face, functional, predictive, inter-relational, evolutionary, and population. In both sexes and both protocols (IDS and DPT), we observed a significant reduction in cortisol levels in the last phase of social isolation, concomitant with increases in autogrooming, stereotyped and anxiety behaviors, and the presence of anhedonia. The alterations induced by chronic social isolation are characteristic of the depressive state in non-human primates and/or in humans, and were reversed in large part by treatment with an antidepressant drug (nortriptyline). Therefore, these results indicate C. jacchus as a potential translational model of juvenile depression by addressing all criteria of validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Translational Medicine Natal, Natal, Brazil
| | - Ana Cecília de Menezes Galvão
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Flávia Santos da Silva
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de Sousa
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Yamanashi T, Iwata M, Kamiya N, Tsunetomi K, Kajitani N, Wada N, Iitsuka T, Yamauchi T, Miura A, Pu S, Shirayama Y, Watanabe K, Duman RS, Kaneko K. Beta-hydroxybutyrate, an endogenic NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, attenuates stress-induced behavioral and inflammatory responses. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7677. [PMID: 28794421 PMCID: PMC5550422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08055-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuro-inflammation has been shown to play a critical role in the development of depression. Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a ketone body and has recently been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome. Here, we investigated the potential antidepressant and anti-inflammatory effects of BHB on rats exposed to acute and chronic stress. We examined the influence of repeated BHB administration on depressive and anxiety behaviors in a rodent model of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). Additionally, the influence of acute immobilization (IMM) stress and single BHB administration on hippocampal interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were assessed. Repeated administration of BHB attenuated CUS-induced depressive- and anxiety-related behaviors. IMM stress increased levels of IL-1β in the hippocampus, while a single pre-administration of BHB attenuated this increase. Although no effect was observed on hippocampal TNF-α levels after 1 h of IMM stress, a single BHB pre-administration reduced hippocampal TNF-α. Our previous report showed that the release of IL-1β and TNF-α caused by stress is tightly regulated by NLRP3 inflammasome. These findings demonstrate that BHB exerts antidepressant-like effects, possibly by inhibiting NLRP3-induced neuro-inflammation in the hippocampus, and that BHB may be a novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of stress-related mood disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Yamanashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
| | - Naho Kamiya
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Kyohei Tsunetomi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Naofumi Kajitani
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Nodoka Wada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iitsuka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Takahira Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Shenghong Pu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Shirayama
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan
| | | | - Ronald S Duman
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Koichi Kaneko
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Phillips C. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Depression, and Physical Activity: Making the Neuroplastic Connection. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:7260130. [PMID: 28928987 PMCID: PMC5591905 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7260130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin that is vital to the survival, growth, and maintenance of neurons in key brain circuits involved in emotional and cognitive function. Convergent evidence indicates that neuroplastic mechanisms involving BDNF are deleteriously altered in major depressive disorder (MDD) and animal models of stress. Herein, clinical and preclinical evidence provided that stress-induced depressive pathology contributes to altered BDNF level and function in persons with MDD and, thereby, disruptions in neuroplasticity at the regional and circuit level. Conversely, effective therapeutics that mitigate depressive-related symptoms (e.g., antidepressants and physical activity) optimize BDNF in key brain regions, promote neuronal health and recovery of function in MDD-related circuits, and enhance pharmacotherapeutic response. A greater knowledge of the interrelationship between BDNF, depression, therapeutic mechanisms of action, and neuroplasticity is important as it necessarily precedes the derivation and deployment of more efficacious treatments.
Collapse
|
122
|
Goody SMG, Cannon KE, Liu M, Kallman MJ, Martinolle JP, Mazelin-Winum L, Giarola A, Ardayfio P, Moyer JA, Teuns G, Hudzik TJ. Considerations on nonclinical approaches to modeling risk factors of suicidal ideation and behavior. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 89:288-301. [PMID: 28757322 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Given the serious nature of suicidal ideation and behavior (SIB) and the possibility of treatment-emergent SIB, pharmaceutical companies are now applying more proactive approaches in clinical trials and are considering the value of nonclinical models to predict SIB. The current review summarizes nonclinical approaches to modeling three common risk factors associated with SIB: aggression, impulsivity, and anhedonia. For each risk factor, a general description, advantages and disadvantages, species considerations, nonclinical to clinical translation, and pharmacological validation with respect to treatments associated with SIB are summarized. From this review, several gaps were identified that need to be addressed before use of these nonclinical models can be considered a viable option to predict the relative risk for SIB. Other future directions that may compliment these nonclinical approaches, including the use of selectively-bred or genetically-modified rodent models, transgenic models, gene expression profiling, and biomarker analysis, are discussed. This article was developed with the support of the DruSafe Leadership Group of the International Consortium for Innovation and Quality in Pharmaceutical Development (IQ, www.iqconsortium.org).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M G Goody
- Pfizer Drug Safety Research & Development, Groton, CT, USA.
| | | | - M Liu
- Drinker, Biddle and IQ Consortium, Washington, DC, USA
| | - M J Kallman
- Kallman Preclinical Consulting, Greenfield, IN, USA
| | | | | | - A Giarola
- GlaxoSmithKline Safety Pharmacology Department, Ware, UK
| | - P Ardayfio
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - J A Moyer
- Janssen Research & Development, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | - G Teuns
- Janssen Research & Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - T J Hudzik
- ALA BioPharm Consulting, Gurnee, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Wang Y, Jiang H, Meng H, Lu J, Li J, Zhang X, Yang X, Zhao B, Sun Y, Bao T. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of hippocampus in rats indicated that TLR/NLR signaling pathway was involved in the pathogenisis of depressive disorder induced by chronic restraint stress. Brain Res Bull 2017; 134:195-204. [PMID: 28780410 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Data from clinical investigations and laboratory fundings have provided preliminary evidence for the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture therapy in depression. However, the mechanisms underlying the antidepressant response of acupuncture are not fully elucidated. To elucidate the potential effects of acupuncture for depression on the hippocampal genome-wide transcriptome at the molecular level, we evaluated the transcriptomic profile of depression rats under treatment of acupuncture, and fluoxetine. We identified a very significant effect of acupucture intervention, with 107 genes differentially expressed in acupuncture vs. model group; while 41 genes between fluoxetine vs. model group. Notably, the 54 differentially expressed genes between acupuncture and fluoxetine showed the significantly different effect between acupuncture and fluoxetine. Through GO (gene ontology) functional term and KEGG (kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) pathway analysis, we identified that the upregulation of gene sets were related to inflammatory response, innate immunity and immune response. We found that toll-like receptor signalling pathway and NOD like receptor signalling pathway were associated with the function of inflammatory response, innate immunity and immune response. Importantly, acupuncture reversed the upregulation of gene sets that were related to inflammatory response, innate immunity and immune response (including toll-like receptor signalling pathway and NOD like receptor signalling pathway), which might be critical for the pathogenesis of depression and provide evidence for the antidepressive effects of acupuncture by regulating inflammatory response, innate immunity and immune response via toll-like receptor signalling pathway and NOD like receptor signalling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huili Jiang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hong Meng
- School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinjing Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bingcong Zhao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yang Sun
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tuya Bao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Ignácio ZM, Réus GZ, Abelaira HM, de Moura AB, de Souza TG, Matos D, Goldim MP, Mathias K, Garbossa L, Petronilho F, Quevedo J. Acute and chronic treatment with quetiapine induces antidepressant-like behavior and exerts antioxidant effects in the rat brain. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1195-1208. [PMID: 28477202 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0028-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many studies note that changes in oxidative balance are involved in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and in the success of some antidepressants. Quetiapine exerts a therapeutic response and induces changes in physiological mechanisms that appear to underlie MDD. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antidepressant and antioxidant effects of quetiapine (20 mg /kg) in adult animals. Sixty minutes after an acute treatment or the last administration of chronic treatment (14 days) with quetiapine, animals were subjected to the forced swimming test (FST) to evaluate mobility parameters. Then, the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex (CPF), amygdala and nucleus accumbens (NAc) were removed for the assessment of oxidative stress parameters. Both acute and chronic treatments exerted antidepressant-like effects. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was reduced in the amygdala after acute treatment and in the hippocampus, PFC and amygdala after chronic treatment. In addition, after chronic treatment, the levels of thiobarbituric reactive species (TBARS) were reduced in the amygdala and NAc, and the protein carbonyl content was reduced in the CPF. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased in the NAc after acute and chronic treatments. Catalase (CAT) activity increased in the PFC after acute treatment and in the NAc after acute and chronic treatments. The concentration of nitrite/nitrate was lower in the CPF after chronic treatment. These results corroborate the antidepressant effect of quetiapine and indicate that quetiapine exhibits an antioxidant profile, a physiological mechanism that appears be involved in the therapeutic function of quetiapine in individuals resistant to classical antidepressant treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuleide M Ignácio
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
- Laboratório de Fisiologia, Farmacologia e Psicopatologia, Campus Chapecó, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Z Réus
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
| | - Helena M Abelaira
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Airam B de Moura
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Thays G de Souza
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Danyela Matos
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Goldim
- Laboratório de Patofisiologia Clínica e Experimental, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Khiany Mathias
- Laboratório de Patofisiologia Clínica e Experimental, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Leandro Garbossa
- Laboratório de Patofisiologia Clínica e Experimental, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratório de Patofisiologia Clínica e Experimental, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Zaletel I, Filipović D, Puškaš N. Hippocampal BDNF in physiological conditions and social isolation. Rev Neurosci 2017; 28:675-692. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractExposure of an organism to chronic psychosocial stress may affect brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression that has been implicated in the etiology of psychiatric disorders, such as depression. Given that depression in humans has been linked with social stress, the chronic social stress paradigms for modeling psychiatric disorders in animals have thus been developed. Chronic social isolation in animal models generally causes changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning, associated with anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors. Also, this chronic stress causes downregulation of BDNF protein and mRNA in the hippocampus, a stress-sensitive brain region closely related to the pathophysiology of depression. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge regarding the structure, function, intracellular signaling, inter-individual differences and epigenetic regulation of BDNF in both physiological conditions and depression and changes in corticosterone levels, as a marker of stress response. Since BDNF levels are age dependent in humans and rodents, this review will also highlight the effects of adolescent and adult chronic social isolation models of both genders on the BDNF expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Zaletel
- Institute of Histology and Embryology “Aleksandar Ð. Kostić”, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Filipović
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences “Vinča”, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nela Puškaš
- Institute of Histology and Embryology “Aleksandar Ð. Kostić”, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Višegradska 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Aleksandrova LR, Phillips AG, Wang YT. Antidepressant effects of ketamine and the roles of AMPA glutamate receptors and other mechanisms beyond NMDA receptor antagonism. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2017; 42:222-229. [PMID: 28234212 PMCID: PMC5487269 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.160175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder remain poorly understood, and current antidepressant treatments have many shortcomings. The recent discovery that a single intravenous infusion of ketamine at a subanesthetic dose had robust, rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in individuals with treatment-resistant depression inspired tremendous interest in investigating the molecular mechanisms mediating ketamine's clinical efficacy as well as increased efforts to identify new targets for antidepressant action. We review the clinical utility of ketamine and recent insights into its mechanism of action as an antidepressant, including the roles of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor inhibition, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor upregulation, activation of downstream synaptogenic signalling pathways and the production of an active ketamine metabolite, hydroxynorketamine. Emerging knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying both ketamine's positive therapeutic and detrimental side effects will aid the development of a new generation of much-needed superior antidepressant agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yu Tian Wang
- Correspondence to: Y.T. Wang, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Rm F117 — 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver BC V6T 2B5;
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Serotonin modulates a depression-like state in Drosophila responsive to lithium treatment. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15738. [PMID: 28585544 PMCID: PMC5467214 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects millions of patients; however, the pathophysiology is poorly understood. Rodent models have been developed using chronic mild stress or unavoidable punishment (learned helplessness) to induce features of depression, like general inactivity and anhedonia. Here we report a three-day vibration-stress protocol for Drosophila that reduces voluntary behavioural activity. As in many MDD patients, lithium-chloride treatment can suppress this depression-like state in flies. The behavioural changes correlate with reduced serotonin (5-HT) release at the mushroom body (MB) and can be relieved by feeding the antidepressant 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan or sucrose, which results in elevated 5-HT levels in the brain. This relief is mediated by 5-HT-1A receptors in the α-/β-lobes of the MB, whereas 5-HT-1B receptors in the γ-lobes control behavioural inactivity. The central role of serotonin in modulating stress responses in flies and mammals indicates evolutionary conserved pathways that can provide targets for treatment and strategies to induce resilience. Features of major depressive disorder including lack of motivation, sleep disruption and cognitive deficit have been modelled in rodents. Here, the authors develop a new method to elicit a depression-like state in Drosophila, and uncover separable roles for different serotonin receptors in depression-like behaviour.
Collapse
|
128
|
Vitale G, Filaferro M, Micioni Di Bonaventura MV, Ruggieri V, Cifani C, Guerrini R, Simonato M, Zucchini S. Effects of [Nphe 1, Arg 14, Lys 15] N/OFQ-NH 2 (UFP-101), a potent NOP receptor antagonist, on molecular, cellular and behavioural alterations associated with chronic mild stress. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:691-703. [PMID: 28417659 DOI: 10.1177/0269881117691456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of [Nphe1] Arg14, Lys15-N/OFQ-NH2 (UFP-101), a selective NOP receptor antagonist, in chronic mild stress (CMS) in male Wistar rats. NOP receptor antagonists were reported to elicit antidepressant-like effects in rodents. Our aim was to investigate UFP-101 effects on CMS-induced anhedonia and impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis. UFP-101 (10 nmol/rat intracerebroventricularly) did not influence sucrose intake in non-stressed animals, but reinstated basal sucrose consumption in stressed animals from the second week of treatment. UFP-101 also reversed stress effects in forced swimming test and in open field. Fluoxetine (10 mg/kg intraperitoneally) produced similar effects. Moreover, we investigated whether UFP-101 could affect CMS-induced impairment in hippocampal cell proliferation and neurogenesis, and in fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) expression. Our data confirm that CMS reduced neural stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus. Chronic UFP-101 treatment did not affect the reduced proliferation (bromodeoxyuridine-positive cells) observed in stressed animals. However, UFP-101 increased the number of doublecortin-positive cells, restoring neurogenesis. Finally, UFP-101 significantly increased FGF-2 expression, reduced by CMS. These findings support the view that blockade of NOP receptors produces antidepressant-like effects in CMS associated with positive effects on neurogenesis and FGF-2 expression. Therefore, NOP receptors may represent a target for innovative antidepressant drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Vitale
- 1 Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and RE, Modena, Italy
| | - Monica Filaferro
- 2 Department Biomedical, Metabolical and Neuro-Sciences, University of Modena and RE, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Ruggieri
- 4 Department Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults - University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo Cifani
- 3 School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Remo Guerrini
- 5 Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Simonato
- 6 Department Medical Sciences and Laboratory for the Technologies for Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Zucchini
- 6 Department Medical Sciences and Laboratory for the Technologies for Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Smaga I, Jastrzębska J, Zaniewska M, Bystrowska B, Gawliński D, Faron-Górecka A, Broniowska Ż, Miszkiel J, Filip M. Changes in the Brain Endocannabinoid System in Rat Models of Depression. Neurotox Res 2017; 31:421-435. [PMID: 28247204 PMCID: PMC5360820 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence implicates the endocannabinoid (eCB) system in the pathophysiology of depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of changes in the eCB system, such as levels of neuromodulators, eCB synthesizing and degrading enzymes, and cannabinoid (CB) receptors, in different brain structures in animal models of depression using behavioral and biochemical analyses. Both models used, i.e., bulbectomized (OBX) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, were characterized at the behavioral level by increased immobility time. In the OBX rats, anandamide (AEA) levels were decreased in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum and increased in the nucleus accumbens, while 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) levels were increased in the prefrontal cortex and decreased in the nucleus accumbens with parallel changes in the expression of eCB metabolizing enzymes in several structures. It was also observed that CB1 receptor expression decreased in the hippocampus, dorsal striatum, and nucleus accumbens, and CB2 receptor expression decreased in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. In WKY rats, the levels of eCBs were reduced in the prefrontal cortex (2-AG) and dorsal striatum (AEA) and increased in the prefrontal cortex (AEA) with different changes in the expression of eCB metabolizing enzymes, while the CB1 receptor density was increased in several brain regions. These findings suggest that dysregulation in the eCB system is implicated in the pathogenesis of depression, although neurochemical changes were linked to the particular brain structure and the factor inducing depression (surgical removal of the olfactory bulbs vs. genetic modulation).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irena Smaga
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Jastrzębska
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zaniewska
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Beata Bystrowska
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Gawliński
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Faron-Górecka
- Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Żaneta Broniowska
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Miszkiel
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Kumar JR, Rajkumar R, Jayakody T, Marwari S, Hong JM, Ma S, Gundlach AL, Lai MKP, Dawe GS. Relaxin' the brain: a case for targeting the nucleus incertus network and relaxin-3/RXFP3 system in neuropsychiatric disorders. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 174:1061-1076. [PMID: 27597467 PMCID: PMC5406295 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Relaxin‐3 has been proposed to modulate emotional–behavioural functions such as arousal and behavioural activation, appetite regulation, stress responses, anxiety, memory, sleep and circadian rhythm. The nucleus incertus (NI), in the midline tegmentum close to the fourth ventricle, projects widely throughout the brain and is the primary site of relaxin‐3 neurons. Over recent years, a number of preclinical studies have explored the function of the NI and relaxin‐3 signalling, including reports of mRNA or peptide expression changes in the NI in response to behavioural or pharmacological manipulations, effects of lesions or electrical or pharmacological manipulations of the NI, effects of central microinfusions of relaxin‐3 or related agonist or antagonist ligands on physiology and behaviour, and the impact of relaxin‐3 gene deletion or knockdown. Although these individual studies reveal facets of the likely functional relevance of the NI and relaxin‐3 systems for human physiology and behaviour, the differences observed in responses between species (e.g. rat vs. mouse), the clearly identified heterogeneity of NI neurons and procedural differences between laboratories are some of the factors that have prevented a precise understanding of their function. This review aims to draw attention to the current preclinical evidence available that suggests the relevance of the NI/relaxin‐3 system to the pathology and/or symptoms of certain neuropsychiatric disorders and to provide cognizant directions for future research to effectively and efficiently uncover its therapeutic potential. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on Recent Progress in the Understanding of Relaxin Family Peptides and their Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.10/issuetoc
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jigna Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ramamoorthy Rajkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), Singapore
| | - Tharindunee Jayakody
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), Singapore
| | - Subhi Marwari
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), Singapore
| | - Jia Mei Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sherie Ma
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew L Gundlach
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mitchell K P Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gavin S Dawe
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Im SG, Choi H, Jeon YH, Song MK, Kim W, Woo JM. Comparison of Effect of Two-Hour Exposure to Forest and Urban Environments on Cytokine, Anti-Oxidant, and Stress Levels in Young Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13070625. [PMID: 27347982 PMCID: PMC4962166 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13070625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two-hour exposure to a forest environment on cytokine, anti-oxidant and stress levels among university students and to compare the results to those measured in urban environments. Forty-one subjects were recruited. For our crossover design, subjects were divided into two groups based on similar demographic characteristics. Group A remained in the urban environment and was asked to perform regular breathing for 2 h. Blood samples were collected and the serum levels of cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were examined. Subjects were moved to a small town in a rural area for an equal amount of time to exclude carryover effects, and then remained for another 2 h in a forest environment. The second set of blood samples was collected to assess the effect of exposure to the forest environment. Using the same method, Group B was first exposed to the forest environment, followed by exposure to the urban environment. Blood samples collected after the subjects were exposed to the forest environment showed significantly lower levels of IL-8 and TNF-α compared to those in samples collected after urban environment exposure (10.76 vs. 9.21, t = 4.559, p < 0.001, and 0.97 vs. 0.87, t = 4.130, p < 0.001). The GPx concentration increased significantly after exposure to the forest environment (LnGPx = 5.09 vs. LnGPx = 5.21, t = −2.039, p < 0.05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Geun Im
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Paik Hospital, College of Medicine Inje University, Seoul 04551, Korea.
| | - Han Choi
- Graduate School of Art Therapy, Cha University, Sungnam 11160, Korea.
| | - Yo-Han Jeon
- Department of Child Psychology and Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 110-745, Korea.
| | - Min-Kyu Song
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Paik Hospital, College of Medicine Inje University, Seoul 04551, Korea.
| | - Won Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Paik Hospital, College of Medicine Inje University, Seoul 04551, Korea.
| | - Jong-Min Woo
- Korea Employee Assistance Professionals Association, Seoul 04551, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Ilex paraguariensis hydroalcoholic extract exerts antidepressant-like and neuroprotective effects: involvement of the NMDA receptor and the l-arginine-NO pathway. Behav Pharmacol 2016; 27:384-92. [DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
133
|
Su CL, Su CW, Hsiao YH, Gean PW. Epigenetic regulation of BDNF in the learned helplessness-induced animal model of depression. J Psychiatr Res 2016; 76:101-10. [PMID: 26921875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD), one of the most common mental disorders, is a significant risk factor for suicide and causes a low quality of life for many people. However, the causes and underlying mechanism of depression remain elusive. In the current work, we investigated epigenetic regulation of BDNF in the learned helplessness-induced animal model of depression. Mice were exposed to inescapable stress and divided into learned helplessness (LH) and resilient (LH-R) groups depending on the number they failed to escape. We found that the LH group had longer immobility duration in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension tests (TST), which is consistent with a depression-related phenotype. Western blotting analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that the LH group had lower BDNF expression than that of the LH-R group. The LH group consistently had lower BDNF mRNA levels, as detected by qPCR assay. In addition, we found BDNF exon IV was down-regulated in the LH group. Intraperitoneal injection of imipramine or histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) to the LH mice for 14 consecutive days ameliorated depression-like behaviors and reversed the decrease in BDNF. The expression of HDAC5 was up-regulated in the LH mice, and a ChIP assay revealed that the level of HDAC5 binding to the promoter region of BDNF exon IV was higher than that seen in other groups. Knockdown of HDAC5 reduced depression-like behaviors in the LH mice. Taken together, these results suggest that epigenetic regulation of BDNF by HDAC5 plays an important role in the learned helplessness model of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lin Su
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Su
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsin Hsiao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wu Gean
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Li E, Deng H, Wang B, Fu W, You Y, Tian S. Apelin-13 exerts antidepressant-like and recognition memory improving activities in stressed rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 26:420-30. [PMID: 26853763 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Apelin is the endogenous ligand for the G-protein-coupled receptor (APJ). The localization of APJ in limbic structures suggests a potential role for apelin in emotional processes. However, the role of apelin in the regulation of stress-induced responses such as depression and memory impairment is largely unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the role of apelin-13 in the regulation of stress-induced depression and memory impairment in rats. We report that repeated intracerebroventricular injections of apelin-13 reversed behavioral despair (immobility) in the forced swim (FS) test, a model widely used for the selection of new antidepressant agents. Apelin-13 also reversed behavioral deficits (escape failure) in the learned helplessness test. The magnitude of the antiimmobility and anti-escape failure effects of apelin-13 was comparable to that of imipramine, a classic antidepressant used as a positive control. Rats exposed to FS stress showed memory performance impairment in the novel object recognition test, and this impairment was improved by apelin-13 treatment. Apelin-13 did not affect recognition memory performance in non-stressed rats. Furthermore, the pretreatment of LY294002 (PI3K inhibitors) or PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor) blocked apelin-13-mediated activities in FS-stressed rats. These findings suggest that apelin-13 exerts antidepressant-like and recognition memory improving activities through activating PI3K and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in stressed rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Haifeng Deng
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Wan Fu
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Yong You
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Shaowen Tian
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Réus GZ, Abelaira HM, Tuon T, Titus SE, Ignácio ZM, Rodrigues ALS, Quevedo J. Glutamatergic NMDA Receptor as Therapeutic Target for Depression. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2016; 103:169-202. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
136
|
Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus persists despite attenuation of systemic disease in MRL/lpr mice. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:205. [PMID: 26546449 PMCID: PMC4636802 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical autoimmune disease marked by both B and T cell hyperactivity which commonly affects the joints, skin, kidneys, and brain. Neuropsychiatric disease affects about 40 % of SLE patients, most frequently manifesting as depression, memory deficits, and general cognitive decline. One important and yet unresolved question is whether neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) is a complication of systemic autoimmunity or whether it is primarily driven by brain-intrinsic factors. Methods To dissect the relative contributions of the central nervous system from those of the hematopoietic compartment, we generated bone marrow chimeras between healthy control (MRL/+) and lupus-prone MRL/Tnfrsf6lpr/lpr mice (MRL/+ → MRL/lpr), as well as control chimeras. After bone marrow reconstitution, mice underwent extensive behavioral testing, analysis of brain tissue, and histological assessment. Results Despite transfer of healthy MRL/+ bone marrow and marked attenuation of systemic disease, we found that MRL/+ → MRL/lpr mice had a behavioral phenotype consisting of depressive-like behavior and visuospatial memory deficits, comparable to MRL/lpr → MRL/lpr control transplanted mice and the behavioral profile previously established in MRL/lpr mice. Moreover, MRL/+ → MRL/lpr chimeric mice displayed increased brain RANTES expression, neurodegeneration, and cellular infiltration in the choroid plexus, as well as blood brain barrier disruption, all in the absence of significant systemic autoimmunity. Conclusions Chimeric MRL/+ → MRL/lpr mice displayed no attenuation of the behavioral phenotype found in MRL/lpr mice, despite normalized serum autoantibodies and conserved renal function. Therefore, neuropsychiatric disease in the MRL/lpr lupus-prone strain of mice can occur absent any major contributions from systemic autoimmunity.
Collapse
|
137
|
Vernay A, Sellal F, René F. Evaluating Behavior in Mouse Models of the Behavioral Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia: Which Test for Which Symptom? NEURODEGENER DIS 2015; 16:127-39. [PMID: 26517704 DOI: 10.1159/000439253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting people in their early sixties, characterized by dramatic changes in individual and social behavior. Despite the heterogeneity in the presentation of the clinical symptoms of bvFTD, some characteristic changes can be highlighted. Social disinhibition, changes in food preferences as well as loss of empathy and apathy are commonly described. This is accompanied by a characteristic and dramatic atrophy of the prefrontal cortex with the accumulation of protein aggregates in the neurons in this area. Several causative mutations in different genes have been discovered, allowing the development of transgenic animal models, especially mouse models. In mice, attention has been focused on the histopathological aspects of the pathology, but now studies are taking interest in assessing the behavioral phenotype of FTD models. Finding the right test corresponding to human symptoms is quite challenging, especially since the frontal cortex is much less developed in mice than in humans. Although challenging, the ability to detect relevant prefrontal cortex impairments in mice is crucial for therapeutic approaches. In this review, we aim to present the approaches that have been used to model the behavioral symptoms of FTD and to explore other relevant approaches to assess behavior involving the prefrontal cortex, as well as the deficits associated with FTD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélia Vernay
- INSERM, U1118, Laboratoire des Mx00E9;canismes Centraux et Px00E9;riphx00E9;riques de la Neurodx00E9;gx00E9;nx00E9;rescence, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
138
|
Pesarico AP, Stangherlin EC, Mantovani AC, Zeni G, Nogueira CW. 7-Fluoro-1,3-diphenylisoquinoline-1-amine abolishes depressive-like behavior and prefrontal cortical oxidative damage induced by acute restraint stress in mice. Physiol Behav 2015; 149:294-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
139
|
Liang S, Wang T, Hu X, Luo J, Li W, Wu X, Duan Y, Jin F. Administration of Lactobacillus helveticus NS8 improves behavioral, cognitive, and biochemical aberrations caused by chronic restraint stress. Neuroscience 2015; 310:561-77. [PMID: 26408987 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 421] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing numbers of studies have suggested that the gut microbiota is involved in the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. Chronic stress can cause behavioral, cognitive, biochemical, and gut microbiota aberrations. Gut bacteria can communicate with the host through the microbiota-gut-brain axis (which mainly includes the immune, neuroendocrine, and neural pathways) to influence brain and behavior. It is hypothesized that administration of probiotics can improve chronic-stress-induced depression. In order to examine this hypothesis, the chronic restraint stress depression model was established in this study. Adult specific pathogen free (SPF) Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 21 days of restraint stress followed by behavioral testing (including the sucrose preference test (SPT), elevated-plus maze test, open-field test (OFT), object recognition test (ORT), and object placement test (OPT)) and biochemical analysis. Supplemental Lactobacillus helveticus NS8 was provided every day during stress until the end of experiment, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram (CIT) served as a positive control. Results showed that L. helveticus NS8 improved chronic restraint stress-induced behavioral (anxiety and depression) and cognitive dysfunction, showing an effect similar to and better than that of CIT. L. helveticus NS8 also resulted in lower plasma corticosterone (CORT) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels, higher plasma interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels, restored hippocampal serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) levels, and more hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression than in chronic stress rats. Taken together, these results indicate an anti-depressant effect of L. helveticus NS8 in rats subjected to chronic restraint stress depression and that this effect could be due to the microbiota-gut-brain axis. They also suggest the therapeutic potential of L. helveticus NS8 in stress-related and possibly other kinds of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Liang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - T Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - J Luo
- Teacher Education College, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - W Li
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y Duan
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - F Jin
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Wu XY, Hu YT, Guo L, Lu J, Zhu QB, Yu E, Wu JL, Shi LG, Huang ML, Bao AM. Effect of pentobarbital and isoflurane on acute stress response in rat. Physiol Behav 2015; 145:118-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
141
|
Réus GZ, Fries GR, Stertz L, Badawy M, Passos IC, Barichello T, Kapczinski F, Quevedo J. The role of inflammation and microglial activation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Neuroscience 2015; 300:141-54. [PMID: 25981208 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia, affect a significant percentage of the world population. These disorders are associated with educational difficulties, decreased productivity and reduced quality of life, but their underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Recently, studies have suggested that psychiatric disorders could be considered as inflammatory disorders, even though the exact mechanisms underlying this association are not known. An increase in inflammatory response and oxidative stress may lead to inflammation, which in turn can stimulate microglia in the brain. Microglial activation is roused by the M1 phenotype, which is associated with an increase in interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). On the contrary, M2 phenotype is associated with a release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, it is possible that the inflammatory response from microglial activation can contribute to brain pathology, as well as influence treatment responses. This review will highlight the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, such as MDD, BD, schizophrenia, and autism. More specifically, the role of microglial activation and associated molecular cascades will also be discussed as a means by which these neuroinflammatory mechanisms take place, when appropriate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Z Réus
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
| | - G R Fries
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - L Stertz
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - M Badawy
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - I C Passos
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - T Barichello
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Laboratório de Microbiologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - F Kapczinski
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - J Quevedo
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Investigating the mechanism(s) underlying switching between states in bipolar disorder. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 759:151-62. [PMID: 25814263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a unique disorder that transcends domains of function since the same patient can exhibit depression or mania, states with polar opposite mood symptoms. During depression, people feel helplessness, reduced energy, and risk aversion, while with mania behaviors include grandiosity, increased energy, less sleep, and risk preference. The neural mechanism(s) underlying each state are gaining clarity, with catecholaminergic disruption seen during mania, and cholinergic dysfunction during depression. The fact that the same patient cycles/switches between these states is the defining characteristic of BD however. Of greater importance therefore, is the mechanism(s) underlying cycling from one state - and its associated neural changes - to another, considered the 'holy grail' of BD research. Herein, we review studies investigating triggers that induce switching to these states. By identifying such triggers, researchers can study neural mechanisms underlying each state and importantly how such mechanistic changes can occur in the same subject. Current animal models of this switch are also discussed, from submissive- and dominant-behaviors to kindling effects. Focus however, is placed on how seasonal changes can induce manic and depressive states in BD sufferers. Importantly, changing photoperiod lengths can induce local switches in neurotransmitter expression in normal animals, from increased catecholaminergic expression during periods of high activity, to increased somatostatin and corticotrophin releasing factor during periods of low activity. Identifying susceptibilities to this switch would enable the development of targeted animal models. From animal models, targeted treatments could be developed and tested that would minimize the likelihood of switching.
Collapse
|
143
|
Réus GZ, Carlessi AS, Titus SE, Abelaira HM, Ignácio ZM, da Luz JR, Matias BI, Bruchchen L, Florentino D, Vieira A, Petronilho F, Quevedo J. A single dose of S-ketamine induces long-term antidepressant effects and decreases oxidative stress in adulthood rats following maternal deprivation. Dev Neurobiol 2015; 75:1268-81. [DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Z. Réus
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense; Criciúma SC Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry; Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas
| | - Anelise S. Carlessi
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense; Criciúma SC Brazil
| | - Stephanie E. Titus
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry; Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas
| | - Helena M. Abelaira
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense; Criciúma SC Brazil
| | - Zuleide M. Ignácio
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense; Criciúma SC Brazil
| | - Jaine R. da Luz
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense; Criciúma SC Brazil
| | - Beatriz I. Matias
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense; Criciúma SC Brazil
| | - Livia Bruchchen
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense; Criciúma SC Brazil
| | - Drielly Florentino
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina; Tubarão SC Brazil
| | - Andriele Vieira
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina; Tubarão SC Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry; Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina; Tubarão SC Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense; Criciúma SC Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry; Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Réus GZ, Abaleira HM, Michels M, Tomaz DB, dos Santos MAB, Carlessi AS, Matias BI, Leffa DD, Damiani AP, Gomes VDC, Andrade VM, Dal-Pizzol F, Landeira-Fernadez J, Quevedo J. Anxious phenotypes plus environmental stressors are related to brain DNA damage and changes in NMDA receptor subunits and glutamate uptake. Mutat Res 2015; 772:30-37. [PMID: 25772108 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the effects of chronic mild stress on DNA damage, NMDA receptor subunits and glutamate transport levels in the brains of rats with an anxious phenotype, which were selected to represent both the high-freezing (CHF) and low-freezing (CLF) lines. The anxious phenotype induced DNA damage in the hippocampus, amygdala and nucleus accumbens (NAc). CHF rats subjected to chronic stress presented a more pronounced DNA damage in the hippocampus and NAc. NMDAR1 were increased in the prefrontal cortex (PC), hippocampus and amygdala of CHF, and decreased in the hippocampus, amygdala and NAc of CHF stressed. NMDAR2A were decreased in the amygdala of the CHF and stressed; and increased in CHF stressed. NMDRA2A in the NAc was increased after stress, and decreased in the CLF. NMDAR2B were increased in the hippocampus of CLF and CHF. In the amygdala, there was a decrease in the NMDAR2B for stress in the CLF and CHF. NMDAR2B in the NAc were decreased for stress and increased in the CHF; in the PC NMDAR2B increased in the CHF. EAAT1 increased in the PC of CLF+stress. In the hippocampus, EAAT1 decreased in all groups. In the amygdala, EAAT1 decreased in the CLF+stress and CHF. EAAT2 were decreased in the PC for stress, and increased in CHF+control. In the hippocampus, the EAAT2 were increased for the CLF and decreased in the CLF+stress. In the amygdala, there was a decrease in the EATT2 in the CLF+stress and CHF. These findings suggest that an anxious phenotype plus stress may induce a more pronounced DNA damage, and promote more alterations in the glutamatergic system. These findings may help to explain, at least in part, the common point of the mechanisms involved with the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Z Réus
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Helena M Abaleira
- Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Monique Michels
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Débora B Tomaz
- Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria Augusta B dos Santos
- Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anelise S Carlessi
- Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Beatriz I Matias
- Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniela D Leffa
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Adriani P Damiani
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Vitor de C Gomes
- Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, São João del Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Andrade
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | | | - João Quevedo
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Samsom JN, Wong AHC. Schizophrenia and Depression Co-Morbidity: What We have Learned from Animal Models. Front Psychiatry 2015; 6:13. [PMID: 25762938 PMCID: PMC4332163 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia are at an increased risk for the development of depression. Overlap in the symptoms and genetic risk factors between the two disorders suggests a common etiological mechanism may underlie the presentation of comorbid depression in schizophrenia. Understanding these shared mechanisms will be important in informing the development of new treatments. Rodent models are powerful tools for understanding gene function as it relates to behavior. Examining rodent models relevant to both schizophrenia and depression reveals a number of common mechanisms. Current models which demonstrate endophenotypes of both schizophrenia and depression are reviewed here, including models of CUB and SUSHI multiple domains 1, PDZ and LIM domain 5, glutamate Delta 1 receptor, diabetic db/db mice, neuropeptide Y, disrupted in schizophrenia 1, and its interacting partners, reelin, maternal immune activation, and social isolation. Neurotransmission, brain connectivity, the immune system, the environment, and metabolism emerge as potential common mechanisms linking these models and potentially explaining comorbid depression in schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James N Samsom
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada
| | - Albert H C Wong
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Réus GZ, Nacif MP, Abelaira HM, Tomaz DB, dos Santos MAB, Carlessi AS, da Luz JR, Gonçalves RC, Vuolo F, Dal-Pizzol F, Carvalho AF, Quevedo J. Ketamine ameliorates depressive-like behaviors and immune alterations in adult rats following maternal deprivation. Neurosci Lett 2015; 584:83-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
147
|
Kostyalik D, Vas S, Kátai Z, Kitka T, Gyertyán I, Bagdy G, Tóthfalusi L. Chronic escitalopram treatment attenuated the accelerated rapid eye movement sleep transitions after selective rapid eye movement sleep deprivation: a model-based analysis using Markov chains. BMC Neurosci 2014; 15:120. [PMID: 25406958 PMCID: PMC4243313 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-014-0120-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Shortened rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency and increased REM sleep amount are presumed biological markers of depression. These sleep alterations are also observable in several animal models of depression as well as during the rebound sleep after selective REM sleep deprivation (RD). Furthermore, REM sleep fragmentation is typically associated with stress procedures and anxiety. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants reduce REM sleep time and increase REM latency after acute dosing in normal condition and even during REM rebound following RD. However, their therapeutic outcome evolves only after weeks of treatment, and the effects of chronic treatment in REM-deprived animals have not been studied yet. Results Chronic escitalopram- (10 mg/kg/day, osmotic minipump for 24 days) or vehicle-treated rats were subjected to a 3-day-long RD on day 21 using the flower pot procedure or kept in home cage. On day 24, fronto-parietal electroencephalogram, electromyogram and motility were recorded in the first 2 h of the passive phase. The observed sleep patterns were characterized applying standard sleep metrics, by modelling the transitions between sleep phases using Markov chains and by spectral analysis. Based on Markov chain analysis, chronic escitalopram treatment attenuated the REM sleep fragmentation [accelerated transition rates between REM and non-REM (NREM) stages, decreased REM sleep residence time between two transitions] during the rebound sleep. Additionally, the antidepressant avoided the frequent awakenings during the first 30 min of recovery period. The spectral analysis showed that the SSRI prevented the RD-caused elevation in theta (5–9 Hz) power during slow-wave sleep. Conversely, based on the aggregate sleep metrics, escitalopram had only moderate effects and it did not significantly attenuate the REM rebound after RD. Conclusion In conclusion, chronic SSRI treatment is capable of reducing several effects on sleep which might be the consequence of the sub-chronic stress caused by the flower pot method. These data might support the antidepressant activity of SSRIs, and may allude that investigating the rebound period following the flower pot protocol could be useful to detect antidepressant drug response. Markov analysis is a suitable method to study the sleep pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diána Kostyalik
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Szilvia Vas
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. .,MTA-SE, Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zita Kátai
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Kitka
- Department of Neurophysiology, Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út 19-21, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - István Gyertyán
- Department of Behavioural Pharmacology, Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út 19-21, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gyorgy Bagdy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. .,MTA-SE, Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - László Tóthfalusi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Singh MK, Gotlib IH. The neuroscience of depression: implications for assessment and intervention. Behav Res Ther 2014; 62:60-73. [PMID: 25239242 PMCID: PMC4253641 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is among the most prevalent of all psychiatric disorders and is the single most burdensome disease worldwide. In attempting to understand the profound deficits that characterize MDD across multiple domains of functioning, researchers have identified aberrations in brain structure and function in individuals diagnosed with this disorder. In this review we synthesize recent data from human neuroimaging studies in presenting an integrated neural network framework for understanding the impairments experienced by individuals with MDD. We discuss the implications of these findings for assessment of and intervention for MDD. We conclude by offering directions for future research that we believe will advance our understanding of neural factors that contribute to the etiology and course of depression, and to recovery from this debilitating disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian H Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, United States
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Nunes EA, Hallak JEC. Modelos animais em psiquiatria: avanços e desafios. REVISTA LATINOAMERICANA DE PSICOPATOLOGIA FUNDAMENTAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/1415-4714.2014v17n3p528-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivos: Discutir os avanços e limitações do uso dos modelos animais nos transtornos psiquiátricos. Método: Uma revisão narrativa de artigos. Resultados: Diferentes modelos animais atualmente demonstram validade adequada para características específicas de determinados transtornos mentais. Conclusão: Resguardadas as devidas limitações que impossibilitam mimetizar sintomas psicopatológicos complexos em modelos animais, estes seguem como úteis ferramentas de estudo na psiquiatria.
Collapse
|
150
|
Forced swim and chronic variable stress reduced hippocampal cell survival in OVX female rats. Behav Brain Res 2014; 270:248-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|