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Kranzler EC, Luchman JN, Williams CJ, Model TA, Ostby R, Vines M, Weinberg J, Petrun Sayers EL, Kurti AN, Trigger S, Hoffman L, Peck J. Recalled Exposure to COVID-19 Public Education Campaign Advertisements Predicts COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023; 28:144-155. [PMID: 37050887 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2181891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between recalled exposure to the We Can Do This COVID-19 Public Education Campaign (the Campaign) and COVID-19 vaccine confidence (the likelihood of vaccination or vaccine uptake) in the general population, including vaccine-hesitant adults (the "Movable Middle"). Analyses used three waves of a triannual, nationally representative panel survey of adults in the U.S. fielded from January to November 2021 (n = 3,446). Proportional odds regression results demonstrated a positive, statistically significant relationship between past 4-month Campaign recall and vaccine confidence, controlling for lagged reports of Campaign recall and vaccine confidence; concurrent and lagged fictional campaign recall; survey wave; and sociodemographics. Results indicated that as one moves from no Campaign recall to infrequent recall, there is a 29% increase in the odds of being in a higher vaccine confidence category. Findings offer evidence of the impact of a COVID-19 public education campaign on increasing vaccine confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa C Kranzler
- Communication Campaign Research & Evaluation, Fors Marsh, Arlington, Virginia, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ronne Ostby
- Insights & Strategy, Fors Marsh, Arlington, Virginia, USA
| | - Monica Vines
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Jessica Weinberg
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Petrun Sayers
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Allison N Kurti
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Sarah Trigger
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Leah Hoffman
- Communication Campaign Research & Evaluation, Fors Marsh, Arlington, Virginia, USA
| | - Joshua Peck
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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102
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Adzrago D, Ormiston CK, Sulley S, Williams F. Associations between the Self-Reported Likelihood of Receiving the COVID-19 Vaccine, Likelihood of Contracting COVID-19, Discrimination, and Anxiety/Depression by Sexual Orientation. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030582. [PMID: 36992166 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is limited evolving literature on COVID-19 vaccine uptake and its barriers among sexual minority populations (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer [LGBTQ]), despite their increased COVID-19 risk factors. We assessed the differences in intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine by self-reported likelihood of contracting COVID-19, anxiety/depression, discrimination frequency, social distancing stress, and sociodemographic factors across sexual orientation. An online national cross-sectional survey was conducted in the United States between 13 May 2021, and 9 January 2022, among adults aged ≥18 (n = 5404). Sexual minority individuals had a lower intention of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine (65.62%) than heterosexual individuals (67.56%). Disaggregation by sexual orientation, however, showed that gay participants had a higher intention of COVID-19 vaccination (80.41%) and lesbian (62.63%), bisexual (64.08%), and non-heterosexual, non-LGB sexual minority (56.34%) respondents had lower intentions of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine than heterosexual respondents. Sexual orientation significantly moderated the association between the perceived likelihood of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine and the self-reported likelihood of contracting COVID-19, anxiety/depression symptoms, and discrimination. Our findings further underline the importance of improving vaccination efforts and access among sexual minority individuals and other vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Adzrago
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Two White Flint North, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Cameron K Ormiston
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Two White Flint North, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Saanie Sulley
- National Healthy Start Association, 1325 G Street, Washington, WA 20005, USA
| | - Faustine Williams
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Two White Flint North, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
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103
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Alimoradi Z, Lin CY, Pakpour AH. Worldwide Estimation of Parental Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine for Their Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030533. [PMID: 36992117 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the best method to well control the spread of COVID-19 without severe mental health problems is to reach herd immunity. Therefore, the vaccination rate of the COVID-19 vaccine is critical. Among the populations, children are the vulnerable ones to get vaccinated; therefore, it is important to assess parents’ and guardians’ willingness to have their children vaccinated. The present systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized evidence to estimate the parents’ acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccination toward their children. Additionally, factors explaining the acceptance rate were investigated. Four academic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest) together with Google Scholar were searched, and the references of the included publications were searched as well. Using the PECO-S framework (population, exposure, comparison, outcome, and study design), observational studies of cross-sectional, cohort, or case-control studies were included. The outcome was parents’ or guardians’ willingness to let their children be vaccinated. The studies included in the present review were restricted to English and peer-reviewed papers published between December 2019 and July 2022. A total of 98 papers across 69 different countries with 413,590 participants were included. The mean age of the parents was 39.10 (range: 18–70) years and that of their children was 8.45 (range: 0–18) years. The pooled estimated prevalence of parental acceptance to vaccinate their children with the COVID-19 vaccine was 57% (98 studies, 95% CI: 52–62%, I2: 99.92%, τ2: 0.06). Moreover, data collection time was a significant factor explaining parental willingness in the multivariable meta-regression, with a 13% decrease in parental willingness by each month increase in time, explaining 11.44% of variance. Qualitative synthesis results showed that parents’ COVID-19 vaccine knowledge, trust in theCOVID-19 vaccine, and facilitators in vaccination (e.g., low cost, good vaccine accessibility, and government incentive) were significant factors for higher willingness, while mental health problems (e.g., having worries and psychological distress) were significant factors for lower willingness. Given that the acceptance rate was relatively low (57%) and does not achieve the requirement of herd immunity (i.e., 70%), governments and healthcare authorities should try to elevate parents’ knowledge and trust in the COVID-19 vaccine, facilitate in vaccination, and reduce their mental difficulties to improve the overall vaccination rate among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Alimoradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 3415613911, Iran
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
| | - Amir H Pakpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 3415613911, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, SE-551 11 Jönköping, Sweden
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104
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Bent RK, Weinbrenner J, Faihs V, Steffens S, Nau T, Vitus M, Mathes S, Darsow U, Biedermann T, Brockow K. Increasing the COVID-19 immunization rate through allergy testing. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:1228-1235. [PMID: 36808753 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination of the population is required to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Allergy testing could reduce anxiety towards COVID-19 vaccination and thereby may increase vaccination rate, however, its effectiveness remains unclear. METHODS One hundred and thirty prospective real-life patients in need of but not daring to get vaccinated asked for allergy workup for COVID-19 vaccine hypersensitivity in 2021/2022. Characterization of patients, identification of anxieties, decrease of patient's anxiety levels, overall vaccination rate and adverse reactions after vaccination were assessed. RESULTS Tested patients were characterized by being female (91.5%) and having a high rate of previous allergies (e.g. to food 55.4%, drugs 54.6%, or previous vaccinations 50%) and dermatological disease (29.2%) but not always had medical contraindications for COVID-19 vaccination. Sixty one patients (49.6%) were highly concerned (4-6, Likert scale 0-6) about vaccination and 47 (37.6%) expressed resolving thoughts about vaccinaion anaphylaxis (3-6, Likert scale 0-6). However only 35 patients (28.5%) were scared of getting COVID-19 within 2 months (4-6, Likert scale 0-6) and only 11 (9%) patients had high expectations of getting COVID-19 (4-6, Likert scale 0-6). Allergy testing significantly (p < 0.01 to p < 0.05 respectively) reduced the median anxiety of allergic symptoms following vaccination: dyspnoea (4.2-3.1), to faint (3.7-2.7), long-term consequences (3.6-2.2), pruritus (3.4-2.6), skin rash (3.3-2.6) and death (3.2-2.6). After allergy testing, most patients (108/122, 88.5%) let themselves be vaccinated within 60 days. Revaccinated patients with previous symptoms experienced a reduction of symptoms (p < 0.05) upon revaccination. CONCLUSIONS Patients not daring to get vaccinated have more anxiety towards vaccination than to acquire COVID-19. For those, allergy testing excludes vaccine allergy, and is a tool to increase vaccination willingness and thereby helps to combat vaccination hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Bent
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - J Weinbrenner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - V Faihs
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Steffens
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - T Nau
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Vitus
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Mathes
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - U Darsow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - T Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - K Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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105
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Mavragani A, Xie F, An X, Lan X, Liu C, Yan L, Zhang H. Evolution of Public Attitudes and Opinions Regarding COVID-19 Vaccination During the Vaccine Campaign in China: Year-Long Infodemiology Study of Weibo Posts. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e42671. [PMID: 36795467 PMCID: PMC9937109 DOI: 10.2196/42671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monitoring people's perspectives on the COVID-19 vaccine is crucial for understanding public vaccination hesitancy and developing effective, targeted vaccine promotion strategies. Although this is widely recognized, studies on the evolution of public opinion over the course of an actual vaccination campaign are rare. OBJECTIVE We aimed to track the evolution of public opinion and sentiment toward COVID-19 vaccines in online discussions over an entire vaccination campaign. Moreover, we aimed to reveal the pattern of gender differences in attitudes and perceptions toward vaccination. METHODS We collected COVID-19 vaccine-related posts by the general public that appeared on Sina Weibo from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021; this period covered the entire vaccination process in China. We identified popular discussion topics using latent Dirichlet allocation. We further examined changes in public sentiment and topics during the 3 stages of the vaccination timeline. Gender differences in perceptions toward vaccination were also investigated. RESULTS Of 495,229 crawled posts, 96,145 original posts from individual accounts were included. Most posts presented positive sentiments (positive: 65,981/96,145, 68.63%; negative: 23,184/96,145, 24.11%; neutral: 6980/96,145, 7.26%). The average sentiment scores were 0.75 (SD 0.35) for men and 0.67 (SD 0.37) for women. The overall trends in sentiment scores showed a mixed response to the number of new cases and significant events related to vaccine development and important holidays. The sentiment scores showed a weak correlation with new case numbers (R=0.296; P=.03). Significant sentiment score differences were observed between men and women (P<.001). Common and distinguishing characteristics were found among frequently discussed topics during the different stages, with significant differences in topic distribution between men and women (January 1, 2021, to March 31, 2021: χ23=3030.9; April 1, 2021, to September 30, 2021: χ24=8893.8; October 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021: χ25=3019.5; P<.001). Women were more concerned with side effects and vaccine effectiveness. In contrast, men reported broader concerns around the global pandemic, the progress of vaccine development, and economics affected by the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Understanding public concerns regarding vaccination is essential for reaching vaccine-induced herd immunity. This study tracked the year-long evolution of attitudes and opinions on COVID-19 vaccines according to the different stages of vaccination in China. These findings provide timely information that will enable the government to understand the reasons for low vaccine uptake and promote COVID-19 vaccination nationwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fang Xie
- Medical Basic Experimental Teaching Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyu An
- School of Health Management, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue Lan
- School of Health Management, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunhe Liu
- School of Health Management, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Yan
- School of Health Management, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Health Management, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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106
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Receipt of COVID-19 and seasonal influenza vaccines in California (USA) during the 2021-2022 influenza season. Vaccine 2023; 41:1190-1197. [PMID: 36585281 PMCID: PMC9780637 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite lower circulation of influenza virus throughout 2020-2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic, seasonal influenza vaccination has remained a primary tool to reduce influenza-associated illness and death. The relationship between the decision to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and/or an influenza vaccine is not well understood. METHODS We assessed predictors of receipt of 2021-2022 influenza vaccine in a secondary analysis of data from a case-control study enrolling individuals who received SARS-CoV-2 testing. We used mixed effects logistic regression to estimate factors associated with receipt of seasonal influenza vaccine. We also constructed multinomial adjusted marginal probability models of being vaccinated for COVID-19 only, seasonal influenza only, or both as compared with receipt of neither vaccination. RESULTS Among 1261 eligible participants recruited between 22 October 2021-22 June 2022, 43% (545) were vaccinated with both seasonal influenza vaccine and >1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, 34% (426) received >1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine only, 4% (49) received seasonal influenza vaccine only, and 19% (241) received neither vaccine. Receipt of >1 COVID-19 vaccine dose was associated with seasonal influenza vaccination (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.15-6.43); this association was stronger among participants receiving >1 COVID-19 booster dose (aOR = 16.50 [10.10-26.97]). Compared with participants testing negative for SARS- CoV-2 infection, participants testing positive had lower odds of receipt of 2021-2022 seasonal influenza vaccine (aOR = 0.64 [0.50-0.82]). CONCLUSIONS Recipients of a COVID-19 vaccine were more likely to receive seasonal influenza vaccine during the 2021-2022 season. Factors associated with individuals' likelihood of receiving COVID-19 and seasonal influenza vaccines will be important to account for in future studies of vaccine effectiveness against both conditions. Participants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in our sample were less likely to have received seasonal influenza vaccine, suggesting an opportunity to offer influenza vaccination before or after a COVID-19 diagnosis.
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107
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Bonner KE, Vashist K, Abad NS, Kriss JL, Meng L, Lee JT, Wilhelm E, Lu PJ, Carter RJ, Boone K, Baack B, Masters NB, Weiss D, Black C, Huang Q, Vangala S, Albertin C, Szilagyi PG, Brewer NT, Singleton JA. Behavioral and Social Drivers of COVID-19 Vaccination in the United States, August-November 2021. Am J Prev Med 2023; 64:865-876. [PMID: 36775756 PMCID: PMC9874048 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 vaccines are safe, effective, and widely available, but many adults in the U.S. have not been vaccinated for COVID-19. This study examined the associations between behavioral and social drivers of vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the U.S. adults and their prevalence by region. METHODS A nationally representative sample of U.S. adults participated in a cross-sectional telephone survey in August-November 2021; the analysis was conducted in January 2022. Survey questions assessed self-reported COVID-19 vaccine initiation, demographics, and behavioral and social drivers of vaccination. RESULTS Among the 255,763 respondents, 76% received their first dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Vaccine uptake was higher among respondents aged ≥75 years (94%), females (78%), and Asian non-Hispanic people (94%). The drivers of vaccination most strongly associated with uptake included higher anticipated regret from nonvaccination, risk perception, and confidence in vaccine safety and importance, followed by work- or school-related vaccination requirements, social norms, and provider recommendation (all p<0.05). The direction of association with uptake varied by reported level of difficulty in accessing vaccines. The prevalence of all of these behavioral and social drivers of vaccination was highest in the Northeast region and lowest in the Midwest and South. CONCLUSIONS This nationally representative survey found that COVID-19 vaccine uptake was most strongly associated with greater anticipated regret, risk perception, and confidence in vaccine safety and importance, followed by vaccination requirements and social norms. Interventions that leverage these social and behavioral drivers of vaccination have the potential to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake and could be considered for other vaccine introductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly E Bonner
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Oregon Health Authority Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority, Portland, Oregon; COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Kushagra Vashist
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennesse; Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Neetu S Abad
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jennifer L Kriss
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lu Meng
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; General Dynamics Information Technology Inc, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - James T Lee
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Elisabeth Wilhelm
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Peng-Jun Lu
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rosalind J Carter
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Office of the Director, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kwanza Boone
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Goldbelt, Inc., Juneau, Alaska
| | - Brittney Baack
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nina B Masters
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Debora Weiss
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Center for Preparedness and Response (CPR), Division of State and Local Readiness (DSLR), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Carla Black
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Caroline
| | - Sitaram Vangala
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, New York
| | - Christina Albertin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, New York
| | - Peter G Szilagyi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, New York
| | - Noel T Brewer
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Caroline; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - James A Singleton
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Hromić-Jahjefendić A, Barh D, Uversky V, Aljabali AA, Tambuwala MM, Alzahrani KJ, Alzahrani FM, Alshammeri S, Lundstrom K. Can COVID-19 Vaccines Induce Premature Non-Communicable Diseases: Where Are We Heading to? Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020208. [PMID: 36851087 PMCID: PMC9960675 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the WHO, as of January 2023, more than 850 million cases and over 6.6 million deaths from COVID-19 have been reported worldwide. Currently, the death rate has been reduced due to the decreased pathogenicity of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, but the major factor in the reduced death rates is the administration of more than 12.8 billion vaccine doses globally. While the COVID-19 vaccines are saving lives, serious side effects have been reported after vaccinations for several premature non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, the reported adverse events are low in number. The scientific community must investigate the entire spectrum of COVID-19-vaccine-induced complications so that necessary safety measures can be taken, and current vaccines can be re-engineered to avoid or minimize their side effects. We describe in depth severe adverse events for premature metabolic, mental, and neurological disorders; cardiovascular, renal, and autoimmune diseases, and reproductive health issues detected after COVID-19 vaccinations and whether these are causal or incidental. In any case, it has become clear that the benefits of vaccinations outweigh the risks by a large margin. However, pre-existing conditions in vaccinated individuals need to be taken into account in the prevention and treatment of adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altijana Hromić-Jahjefendić
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka Cesta 15, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
- Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur 721172, India
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (K.L.)
| | - Vladimir Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Alaa A. Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 566, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, Brayford Pool Campus, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Khalid J. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad M. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alshammeri
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kenneth Lundstrom
- PanTherapeutics, Route de Lavaux 49, CH1095 Lutry, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (K.L.)
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109
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Woolley SD, Chambers R, Bishop JRB, Logan A, McMillan P, Fletcher TE, Taegtmeyer M, O'Shea MK. COVID-19 risk, attitudes and behaviour study (CRAB study): A knowledge, attitudes, and practise qualitative study of COVID-19 in the Royal Navy. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1101817. [PMID: 36711341 PMCID: PMC9878343 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1101817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 onboard maritime platforms spread rapidly and have high attack rates. The aim of the COVID-19 Risk, Attitudes and Behaviour (CRAB) study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practises in the Royal Navy in relation to COVID-19 prevention. Methods The CRAB study was a cross-sectional survey, using a census sampling method, conducted in May and June 2021. An online questionnaire was distributed to all serving Royal Navy regular personnel using either the MyNavy application or via a QR code through email for a continuous 14 day period. The questionnaire was based on an existing validated questionnaire used for avian influenza epidemics. Questions investigated individual perceptions of COVID-19 seriousness, compliance with prevention methods, explored vaccination intention and vaccine hesitancy (unvaccinated individuals who declined or were unsure about receiving a COVID-19 vaccine). The chi-squared test of best fit was used to compare the demographic responses against the whole organisation, with p-value < 0.05 deemed significant. Odds ratios were used to investigate associations between demographic groups and responses to questions, with an odds ratio crossing 1.0 deemed non-significant. Results The response rate was 6% (2,080/33,200), with 315 responses collated in the pilot phase and 1,765 in the main study phase. Male participants were less likely to rate COVID-19 as serious (OR 0.34; 95% CI: 0.23-0.49). BAME ethnicity (OR 2.41; 95% CI: 1.12-5.17) rated it as more serious. At the time of the study 62% of respondents had received one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. In the 797 unvaccinated personnel, vaccine hesitancy accounted for 24.2% (193/797), of whom 136 were white males. Those who had a higher COVID-19 serious rating, the most significant factor for non-adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures in both vaccinated (OR 1.61 [95%CI: 1.20-2.17]) and vaccine-hesitant (OR 3.24 [95%CI: 1.63-6.41]) individuals was colleagues' non-adherence. The most trusted source of information on vaccines was provided by the Defence Medical Services (77.2% [1,606/2,080]). Conclusion This study has identified reasons for COVID-19 protective measure adherence, sources of information trusted by respondents and vaccine hesitancy, in the Royal Navy. The questionnaire can be used to investigate attitudes and behaviours in future emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D. Woolley
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom,Institute of Naval Medicine, Alverstoke, United Kingdom,Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals Foundation NHS Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Stephen D. Woolley ✉
| | - Robert Chambers
- Royal Navy Healthcare, Royal Navy Headquarters, HMS EXCELLENT, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. B. Bishop
- NIHR SRMRC, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Logan
- Royal Navy Healthcare, Royal Navy Headquarters, HMS EXCELLENT, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Peter McMillan
- Royal Navy Healthcare, Royal Navy Headquarters, HMS EXCELLENT, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas E. Fletcher
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom,Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals Foundation NHS Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom,Academic Department of Military Medicine, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Joint Hospital Group, ICT Building, Birmingham Research Park, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Miriam Taegtmeyer
- Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals Foundation NHS Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom,Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew K. O'Shea
- Academic Department of Military Medicine, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Joint Hospital Group, ICT Building, Birmingham Research Park, Birmingham, United Kingdom,Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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110
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Tan W. The association of demographic and socioeconomic factors with COVID-19 during pre- and post-vaccination periods: A cross-sectional study of Virginia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32607. [PMID: 36607863 PMCID: PMC9828584 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sociodemographic factors have been found to be associated with the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), yet most studies focused on the period before the proliferation of vaccination and obtained inconclusive results. In this cross-sectional study, the infections, deaths, incidence rates, case fatalities, and mortalities of Virginia's 133 jurisdictions during the pre-vaccination and post-vaccination periods were compared, and their associations with demographic and socioeconomic factors were studied. The cumulative infections and deaths and medians of incidence rates, case fatalities, and mortalities of COVID-19 in 133 Virginia jurisdictions were significantly higher during the post-vaccination period than during the pre-vaccination period. A variety of demographic and socioeconomic risk factors were significantly associated with COVID-19 prevalence in Virginia. Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that demographic and socioeconomic factors contributed up to 80% of the variation in the infections, deaths, and incidence rates and up to 53% of the variation in the case fatalities and mortalities of COVID-19 in Virginia. The demographic and socioeconomic determinants differed during the pre- and post-vaccination periods. The developed multiple linear regression models could be used to effectively characterize the impact of demographic and socioeconomic factors on the infections, deaths, and incidence rates of COVID-19 in Virginia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Tan
- College of Life Sciences, The University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- * Correspondence: Wanli Tan, College of Life Sciences, The University of California, Class of 2026, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (e-mail: )
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Allen JD, Fu Q, Nguyen K, Rose R, Silva D, Corlin L. Parents' Willingness to Vaccinate Children for COVID-19: Conspiracy Theories, Information Sources, and Perceived Responsibility. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023; 28:15-27. [PMID: 36755480 PMCID: PMC10038916 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2172107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding parental decision-making about vaccinating their children for COVID-19 is essential to promoting uptake. We conducted an online survey between April 23-May 3, 2021, among a national sample of U.S. adults to assess parental willingness to vaccinate their child(ren). We also examined associations between parental intentions to VACCINATE their children for COVID-19 and conspiracy theory beliefs, trusted information sources, trust in public authorities, and perceptions regarding the responsibility to be vaccinated. Of 257 parents of children under 18 years that responded, 48.2% reported that they would vaccinate their children, 25.7% were unsure, and 26.1% said they would not vaccinate. After adjusting for covariates, each one-point increase in the Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs Scale was associated with 25% lower odds of parents intending to vaccinate their children compared to those who did not intend to (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.64-0.88). Parents that perceived an individual and societal responsibility to be vaccinated were more likely to report that they intended to vaccinate their children compared to those that did not intend to vaccinate their children (AOR = 5.65, 95% CI: 2.37-13.44). Findings suggest that interventions should focus on combatting conspiracy beliefs, promoting accurate and trusted information sources, and creating social norms emphasizing shared responsibility for vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D. Allen
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford MA 02155, USA
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford MA 02155, USA
| | - Kimberly Nguyen
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston MA, 02111, USA
| | - Rebecca Rose
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford MA 02155, USA
| | - Deborah Silva
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford MA 02155, USA
| | - Laura Corlin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston MA, 02111, USA
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112
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Liu B, You J, Huang L, Chen M, Shen Y, Xiong L, Zheng S, Huang M. The 100 Most-Cited Articles in COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Based on Web of Science: A Bibliometric Analysis. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:2625-2646. [PMID: 37159828 PMCID: PMC10163891 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s408377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To perform a bibliometric analysis of the 100 most-cited articles (T100 articles) on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy to characterize current trends. Methods The data of the bibliometric analysis were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database on January 29, 2023, and the results were sorted in descending order by citations. Two researchers independently extracted the characteristics of the top 100 cited articles, including title, author, citations, publication year, institution, country, author keywords, Journal Cited Rank, and impact factor. Excel and VOSviewer were used to analyze the data. Results The T100 articles ranged from 79 to 1125 citations, with a mean of 208.75. The T100 articles were contributed by 29 countries worldwide, of which the USA ranked first with 28 articles and 5417 citations. The T100 articles were published in 61 journals; the top three citations were VACCINES, NATURE MEDICINE, and EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, and the number of citations was 2690, 1712, and 1644, respectively. Professor Sallam, M(n=4) from Jordan, is the author who participated in the most published articles. Catholic University of the Sacred Heart (n=8) had the most T100 articles. Conclusion It is the first bibliometric analysis of the T100 articles in the field of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. We carefully analyzed and described the characteristics of these T100 articles, which provide ideas for further strengthening COVID-19 vaccination and fighting against the epidemic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junjie You
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Huang
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengling Chen
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yushan Shen
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longyu Xiong
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Silin Zheng
- Nursing Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Silin Zheng, Nursing Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13002866667, Email
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, People’s Republic of China
- Min Huang, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18982482624, Email
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113
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Sharif Nia H, Allen KA, Arslan G, Kaur H, She L, Khoshnavay Fomani F, Gorgulu O, Sivarajan Froelicher E. The predictive role of parental attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines and child vulnerability: A multi-country study on the relationship between parental vaccine hesitancy and financial well-being. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1085197. [PMID: 36875362 PMCID: PMC9980903 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1085197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Recent new mutations and increases in transmission of COVID-19 among adolescents and children highlight the importance of identifying which factors influence parental decisions regarding vaccinating their children. The current study aims to explore whether child vulnerability and parents' attitudes toward vaccines mediate the association between perceived financial well-being and vaccine hesitancy among parents. Method A predictive, cross-sectional, multi-country online questionnaire was administered with a convenience sample of 6,073 parents (Australia, 2,734; Iran, 2,447; China, 523; Turkey, 369). Participants completed the Parent Attitude About Child Vaccines (PACV), the Child Vulnerability Scale (CVS), a Financial Well-being (FWB) measure, and Parental Vaccine Hesitancy (PVH) questionnaire. Results The current study revealed that perceived financial well-being had significant and negative associations with parents' attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines and child vulnerability among the Australian sample. Contrary to the Australian findings, results from Chinese participants indicated that financial well-being had significant and positive predictive effects on parent attitudes toward vaccines, child vulnerability, and parental vaccine hesitancy. The results of the Iranian sample revealed that parents' attitudes toward vaccines and child vulnerability significantly and negatively predicted parental vaccine hesitancy. Conclusion The current study revealed that a parents' perceived financial well-being had a significant and negative relationship with parental attitudes about vaccines and child vulnerability; however, it did not significantly predict parental vaccine hesitancy among Turkish parents as it did for parents in Australia, Iran, and China. Findings of the study have policy implications for how certain countries may tailor their vaccine-related health messages to parents with low financial wellbeing and parents with vulnerable children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Sharif Nia
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Kelly-Ann Allen
- School of Educational Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Education, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gökmen Arslan
- Department of Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Türkiye.,Centre for Wellbeing Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Harpaljit Kaur
- School of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business and Law, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Long She
- Faculty of Business, Design and Arts, Swinburne University of Technology, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | | | - Ozkan Gorgulu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Kirşehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Kırşehir, Türkiye
| | - Erika Sivarajan Froelicher
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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114
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Evans MW, Wajpe AS, Wari E, Aras S, Lemacks J. Vaccine Hesitancy in Mississippi: Does Political Ideology Muddy the Waters? J Prim Care Community Health 2023; 14:21501319231158518. [PMID: 36852739 PMCID: PMC10071094 DOI: 10.1177/21501319231158518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During the SARS-CoV2 pandemic vaccines were made available at a rapid pace in the United States (US) with support from the government. In Mississippi, vaccine hesitancy was marked. Across the country many areas of the US demonstrated reduced uptake regarding this specific vaccine due to a variety of reasons. Even with the efficacy of the vaccine indicative of a significant level of protection from mortality and serious morbidity, vaccine uptake and hesitancy were a significant concern. This study surveyed Mississippians on their willingness to take the vaccine or not, and in particular, investigated political ideology as a reason for vaccine hesitancy. Data was collected via an online survey and 589 adults (>18 years) responded. Those self-identifying as "Republican" were more than twice as likely to disagree that not getting the vaccine was a risk to their health and others (OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.70, 2.54) as those who identified as "Democrat or independent" voters. Future health promotion efforts should specifically attempt to address this group in a more effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sermin Aras
- University of Southern Mississippi,
Hattiesburg, MS, USA
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115
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Al Ghafri T, Badahdah A, Al Awaidy S, Khamis F, Anwar H, Al Barwani N, Al Tamimi S, Hanashi AA, Al Yaaquba AG, Qatan R, Al Mukhaini A, Al Harrasi A, Al Balushi A, Al Aamri S, Al Rabaani M, Al Musalhi A, Al Bulushi A. Mothers' Intention to Vaccinate Their Children Aged 5-11 Against COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Survey. Oman Med J 2023; 38:e462. [PMID: 36873794 PMCID: PMC9975923 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2023.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives COVID-19 vaccines lower the risk of infection hospitalization, and death. Despite the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines, some caregivers are hesitant to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. In this study, we explored the factors that influence Omani mothers' intentions to vaccinate their 5-11 year-old children. Methods Of the 954 mothers approached, 700 (73.4%) participated in a cross-sectional face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire in Muscat, Oman, between 20 February and 13 March 2022. Data on age, income, level of education, trust in doctors, vaccine hesitancy, and intention to vaccinate their children were collected. Logistic regression was used to assess determinants of mothers' intention to vaccinate their children. Results Most mothers had 1-2 children (n = 525, 75.0%), had a college degree or higher education (73.0%), and were employed (70.8%). More than half (n = 392, 56.0%) reported that they were likely or very likely to get their children vaccinated. The intention to get children vaccinated was associated with older age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02-1.08; p =0.003), trust in their doctor (OR = 2.12, 95%, CI: 1.71-2.62; p < 0.001), and low vaccine hesitancy (OR = 25.91, 95% CI: 16.92-39.64; p < 0.001). Conclusions Understanding the factors that influence caregivers' intentions to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 is important for the development of evidence-based vaccine campaigns. To increase and sustain high vaccination rates for COVID-19 vaccination in children, it is critical to address the factors that cause caregiver hesitation about vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamra Al Ghafri
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Abdallah Badahdah
- School of Psychology, Sociology and Rural Studies, South Dakota State University, Brookings, USA
| | | | - Faryal Khamis
- Adult Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Huda Anwar
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Nada Al Barwani
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Saif Al Tamimi
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al Hanashi
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Reem Qatan
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ameena Al Mukhaini
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Abeer Al Harrasi
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Anbren Al Balushi
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Salma Al Aamri
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Muna Al Rabaani
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Asma Al Musalhi
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
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Goruntla N, Ayisha MU, Sreeram M. Predictors of Parents' Willingness to Vaccinate Their Children Against COVID-19 in India: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey. Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol 2023; 10:23333928231175798. [PMID: 37213221 PMCID: PMC10192664 DOI: 10.1177/23333928231175798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parents are more concerned about the available evidence of the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of the pediatric COVID-19 vaccine. Aim To assess the parents' willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 and associate it with health belief model constructs. Materials and Methods A countrywide, online, self-administered, cross-sectional survey was conducted from December 15, 2021 to March 8, 2022. The HBM approach was used as a theoretical context to assess the predictors of parents' willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Results The majority (1,563; 95.4%) of parents are intended to immunize their children against COVID-19. Parent education, financial status, job, number of children, age-related vaccination status of the child, and household suffering from chronic disorders were significantly associated with a parent's willingness to recommend the COVID-19 vaccine for their children. The findings of HBM constructs indicated that perceived benefits (OR 14.222; 95% CI 7.192-28.124) of the COVID-19 vaccine in children, susceptibility (OR 7.758; 95% CI 3.508-17.155) of children toward COVID-19, and severity (OR 3.820; 95% CI 2.092-6.977) of COVID-19 infection in children were significantly associated with parent acceptance to vaccinate their children. Parents' higher perception of barriers (OR 0.609; 95% CI 0.372-0.999) to vaccination reduces the intention to vaccinate children against COVID-19. Conclusion The findings of our study reveal that the value of HBM constructs in the identification of predictors associated with the parents' willingness to encourage COVID-19 vaccine for their children. It is important to improve health and reduce the barriers to COVID-19 vaccination among Indian parents having children less than 18 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayana Goruntla
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and
Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Western
Campus, Ishaka, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - M Umaira Ayisha
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research (RIPER) (Autonomous), Anantapur, India
| | - Manjunath Sreeram
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research (RIPER) (Autonomous), Anantapur, India
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Lalika M, Woods C, Patel A, Scott C, Lee A, Weis J, Jones C, Abbenyi A, Brockman TA, Sia IG, White RO, Doubeni CA, Brewer LC. Factors Associated With COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Among Patients Receiving Care at a Federally Qualified Health Center. J Prim Care Community Health 2023; 14:21501319231181881. [PMID: 37350465 PMCID: PMC10291217 DOI: 10.1177/21501319231181881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the United States is high, with at least 63 million unvaccinated individuals to date. Socioeconomically disadvantaged populations experience lower COVID-19 vaccination rates despite facing a disproportionate COVID-19 burden. OBJECTIVE To assess the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among under-resourced, adult patients. METHODS Participants were patients receiving care at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) in St. Paul, Minnesota. Data were collected via multiple modes over 2 phases in 2020 (self-administered electronic survey) and 2021 (study team-administered survey by telephone, self-administered written survey) to promote diversity and inclusion for study participation. The primary outcome was COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Using logistic regression analysis, associations between vaccine acceptance and factors including risk perception, concerns about the COVID-19 vaccine, social determinants of health (SDOH), co-morbidities, pandemic-induced hardships, and stress were assessed by adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS One hundred sixty-eight patients (62.5% female; mean age [SD]: 49.9 [17.4] years; 32% <$20 000 annual household income; 69% CONCLUSIONS Our study in a socioeconomically disadvantaged population suggests that risk perception is associated with an increased likelihood of vaccine acceptance, while concerns about the COVID-19 vaccine are associated with a lower likelihood of vaccine acceptance. As these factors could impact vaccine uptake, consistent, innovative, and context-specific risk communication strategies may improve vaccine coverage in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chyke A. Doubeni
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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Kiti MC, Aguolu OG, Zelaya A, Chen HY, Ahmed N, Battross J, Liu CY, Nelson KN, Jenness SM, Melegaro A, Ahmed F, Malik F, Omer SB, Lopman BA. Changing social contact patterns among US workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: April 2020 to December 2021. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2022:2022.12.19.22283700. [PMID: 36597545 PMCID: PMC9810228 DOI: 10.1101/2022.12.19.22283700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-pharmaceutical interventions minimize social contacts, hence the spread of SARS-CoV-2. We quantified two-day contact patterns among USA employees from 2020-2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Contacts were defined as face-to-face conversations, involving physical touch or proximity to another individual and were collected using electronic diaries. Mean (standard deviation) contacts reported by 1,456 participants were 2.5 (2.5), 8.2 (7.1), 9.2 (7.1) and 10.1 (9.5) across round 1 (April-June 2020), 2 (November 2020-January 2021), 3 (June-August 2021), and 4 (November-December 2021), respectively. Between round 1 and 2, we report a 3-fold increase in the mean number of contacts reported per participant with no major increases from round 2-4. We modeled SARS-CoV-2 transmission at home, work, and community. The model revealed reduced relative transmission in all settings in round 1. Subsequently, transmission increased at home and in the community but remained very low in work settings. Contact data are important to parameterize models of infection transmission and control. Teaser Changes in social contact patterns shape disease dynamics at workplaces in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses C. Kiti
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Georgia, USA
| | - Obianuju G. Aguolu
- Yale Institute for Global Health, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alana Zelaya
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Georgia, USA
| | - Holin Y. Chen
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Georgia, USA
| | - Noureen Ahmed
- Yale Institute for Global Health, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Carol Y. Liu
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | - Alessia Melegaro
- DONDENA Centre for Research in Social Dynamics and Public Policy, Bocconi University, Italy
| | - Faruque Ahmed
- Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Fauzia Malik
- Yale Institute for Global Health, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Saad B. Omer
- Yale Institute for Global Health, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ben A. Lopman
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Georgia, USA
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Wu YY, Zhang W. Demographic disparities in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among U.S. adults: Analysis of household pulse survey data from Jul 21 to Oct 11 in 2021. Vaccine 2022; 40:7510-7514. [PMID: 36371370 PMCID: PMC9637512 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy helps design and implement strategies to increase vaccine uptake. Utilizing the large scale cross-sectional Household Pulse Survey data collected between July 21 and October 11 in 2021, this study aims to construct measures of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and identify demographic disparities among U.S. adults (18y+). Factor analysis identified three factors of vaccine hesitancy: safety concerns (prevalence: 70.1 %). trust issues (53.5 %), and not seen as necessary (33.8 %). Among those who did not show willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine, females were more likely to have safety concerns (73.7 %) compared to males (66.7 %), but less likely to have trust issues (female: 49.7 %; male: 57.1 %) or not seen as necessary (female: 23.8 %; male 43.4 %). Higher education was associated with higher prevalence of not seen as necessary. Younger adults and Whites had higher prevalence of having trust issues and not seen as necessary compared to their counter parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan Wu
- Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1960 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Sociology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2424 Maile Way, Saunders Room 247, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States.
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Wang LJ, Kou KC, Tang KS, Lee Y, Chen YC, Lo MH, Lee IK, Chuah SK, Lee CT, Kung CT, Wang CC, Chien SJ. Parental Attitudes, Intentions, Decisions, and Psychological Wellbeing Regarding COVID-19 Vaccination: Preschool, School-Age, and Adolescent Caregivers. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122114. [PMID: 36560524 PMCID: PMC9782239 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The vaccination of all children may be one of the most important public health measures for preventing a wider spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the community. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the attitude, intention, decision making, and psychological well-being among the caregivers of children who received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in Taiwan. The caregivers of children (98 preschool children, 191 school-age children, and 154 adolescents) who received COVID-19 vaccination were invited to fill in the following questionnaires: Adopting Self-Protective Behavior Scale, Drivers of COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Scale, Impact of Event Scale, Chinese Health Questionnaire, and Parental Bonding Instrument. Compared to the caregivers of adolescents, the caregivers of preschool children exhibited more protective behaviors toward the COVID-19 pandemic. The caregivers of preschool children also displayed a higher emotional impact than those of adolescents and took a greater interest in the family's opinion about vaccination. Finally, we found that COVID-19 ideological invasion and protective parenting style were significantly related to the prevalence of mental illness among caregivers. The results of this study can be used as an important reference for vaccination health care and policy formulation for adolescents with regard to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Che Kou
- Division of Pediatric Infection, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Shu Tang
- Division of Pediatric Emergency, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Hung Lo
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Ing-Kit Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Seng-Kee Chuah
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Te Lee
- Department of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Te Kung
- Department of Emergency, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chi Wang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-C.W.); (S.-J.C.); Tel.: +886-975056193 (S.-J.C.); Fax: +886-7-7338009 (S.-J.C.)
| | - Shao-Ju Chien
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-C.W.); (S.-J.C.); Tel.: +886-975056193 (S.-J.C.); Fax: +886-7-7338009 (S.-J.C.)
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121
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Siddiqui A, Priya, Adnan A, Abbas S, Qamar K, Islam Z, Rahmat ZS, Essar MY, Farahat RA. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in conflict zones: A review of current literature. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1006271. [PMID: 36530665 PMCID: PMC9757058 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1006271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is prevalent in conflict zones due to a lack of essential resources and knowledge, thereby escalating the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) cases in these territories. This has resulted in a higher incidence of cases from exposure to a single COVID-19 positive case and further burdens the health care system of conflict zones which are already on the brink of collapsing. Aim This narrative review aims to determine VH to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine in five conflict zones that include Somalia, Yemen, Palestine, Syria, and Afghanistan. Methodology A Boolean search was carried out in MEDLINE-PubMed from inception till 6 June 2022. The search was performed by using the following keywords: "(SARS-CoV-2 OR covid OR covid 19) AND (vaccine hesitancy OR covid vaccine acceptance OR intention to vaccinate) AND (Syria OR Yemen OR Palestine OR Afghanistan OR Somalia"). The full text of all relevant articles in English along with their supplementary material was extracted. Results All the included studies reported at least 30% or more increase in vaccine hesitancy among conflict settings. VH was mostly due to a lack of available resources, lack of appropriate knowledge, and believing misleading rumors about the vaccine. Discussion Considering the massive amount of reluctance among people residing in conflict zones, the need to take effective measures against VH is undoubtedly apparent. This can be accomplished by carrying out mass vaccinations by the governments and proper health education through raising the public awareness regarding vaccines, thereby eliminating rumors that exacerbate the fear of adverse effects. Conclusion The approach described in this article to combat VH can be implemented to increase vaccination rates and significantly alleviate R0 across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Siddiqui
- Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Priya
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Alishba Adnan
- Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Samina Abbas
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khulud Qamar
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zarmina Islam
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Mohammad Yasir Essar
- Afghanistan National Charity Organization for Special Diseases, Kabul, Afghanistan,Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan,*Correspondence: Mohammad Yasir Essar
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Frisch M, Chaudhary W, Zhang X, Parkas V, Forsyth B. Addressing COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: The Role of Medical Students. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDUCATOR 2022; 32:1299-1303. [PMID: 36373129 PMCID: PMC9638195 DOI: 10.1007/s40670-022-01670-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We conducted a survey study at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai to assess COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and behaviors among medical students. Almost all respondents (96.5%, n = 222) believed vaccines were effective and reported being asked about the COVID-19 vaccine by family members (79.0%, n = 180). However, when asked how they respond when someone shares misinformation, 89.0% (n = 202) responded they agree to avoid conflict, 44.9% (n = 102) listened empathically, and 9.3% (n = 21) corrected the misinformation. Medical school education can address this disconnect, using standardized patients and role-playing to give students the tools to address vaccine hesitancy within their communities. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40670-022-01670-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Frisch
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY USA
| | - Warda Chaudhary
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY USA
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY USA
| | - Valerie Parkas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, USA
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY USA
| | - Beverly Forsyth
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, USA
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY USA
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Miller ME, Rahim MQ, Coven SL, Jacob SA, Zimet GD, Meagher CG, Ott MA. Pediatric hematology/oncology physician and nurse practitioner attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccines: A qualitative study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2048560. [PMID: 35344683 PMCID: PMC9225389 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2048560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As of 05/28/2021, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) had caused 3.9 million infections in the United States (US) pediatric population since its discovery in December of 2019. The development and expansion of vaccination has markedly changed the shape of the epidemic. In this qualitative study, we report on pediatric hematology/oncology provider views on the COVID-19 vaccine prior to approval in the adolescent population <16 years of age. Results from interviews with 20 providers across the state of Indiana showed that most were supportive of the COVID-19 vaccine for healthy adults. However, the majority also expressed a need to see more data on the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccinations in pediatric hematology/oncology populations. While they recognized the public health importance of vaccination, their duty to protect their patients led to a need for more specific safety and efficacy data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan E Miller
- Department of Adult Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Mahvish Q Rahim
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Scott L Coven
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Seethal A Jacob
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Gregory D Zimet
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Carolyn G Meagher
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Mary A Ott
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States.,IU Center for Bioethics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
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124
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Comparison of Clinical Features, Complete Blood Count Parameters, and Outcomes between Two Distinct Waves of COVID-19: A Monocentric Report from Italy. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122427. [PMID: 36553950 PMCID: PMC9778399 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the ability to predict the trajectory of the disease has represented a major challenge for clinicians. There is recent evidence that complete blood cell count (CBC)-derived inflammation indexes have predictive value in COVID-19. We aimed to describe any changes in the clinical features, CBC-derived ratios, and outcomes of patients admitted to our hospital across two temporally distinct waves. METHODS We retrospectively assessed and compared the clinical characteristics and blood cell count values of patients hospitalized during the second and fourth waves of COVID-19, and explored any outcome differences in terms of the level of respiratory support required and transfer to intensive care. RESULTS We observed that fourth-wave patients were older, less male-predominant, and carried more comorbidities compared to the second-wave patients but, nevertheless, experienced more favorable outcomes. A strong internal correlation was documented for both waves between outcomes and CBC-derived ratios, with the fourth-wave cases displaying lower admission values of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (dNLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic inflammation index (SII). No significant differences were found for lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI). CONCLUSIONS We observed that both admission values of CBC-derived indexes and adverse respiratory outcomes decreased from the second to the fourth wave of COVID-19. These data represent a contribution to the existing knowledge on the role of CBC-derived indexes as a potential tool to help clinicians to quickly differentiate in-hospital patients at increased risk of serious illness and death.
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125
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Moss E, Patterson NA, Seals BF. An Examination of US COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and New York. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15629. [PMID: 36497703 PMCID: PMC9738558 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 quickly spread across the United States (US) while communications and policies at all government levels suffered from inconsistency, misinformation, and lack of coordination. In order to explain the discrepancy between availability and population uptake, a case study was conducted analyzing vaccine rollout plans, social media, and Health Officer/Other Key Informant interviews in New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania. Key research questions included, "What were the barriers and facilitators of early COVID vaccine distribution?" and "What mechanisms in the community emerged to alleviate strains in early vaccination?" Findings from this study revealed that pre-existing emergency preparedness infrastructures and plans developed since the 9/11 tragedy were seemingly abandoned. This caused health departments at all levels of government to make impromptu, non-uniform decisions leading to confusion, vaccine hesitancy, and ultimately low uptake. The results indicate that future vaccine rollout best practices must include evidence-based decision-making, coordinated communications, and outreach to high-priority and vulnerable communities.
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126
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Evolution and Control of COVID-19 Epidemic in Hong Kong. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112519. [PMID: 36423128 PMCID: PMC9698160 DOI: 10.3390/v14112519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hong Kong SAR has adopted universal masking, social distancing, testing of all symptomatic and high-risk groups for isolation of confirmed cases in healthcare facilities, and quarantine of contacts as epidemiological control measures without city lockdown or border closure. These measures successfully suppressed the community transmission of pre-Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants or lineages during the first to the fourth wave. No nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection was documented among healthcare workers in the first 300 days. The strategy of COVID-19 containment was adopted to provide additional time to achieve population immunity by vaccination. The near-zero COVID-19 situation for about 8 months in 2021 did not enable adequate immunization of the eligible population. A combination of factors was identified, especially population complacency associated with the low local COVID-19 activity, together with vaccine hesitancy. The importation of the highly transmissible Omicron variant kickstarted the fifth wave of COVID-19, which could no longer be controlled by our initial measures. The explosive fifth wave, which was partially contributed by vertical airborne transmission in high-rise residential buildings, resulted in over one million cases of infection. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology of COVID-19 and the infection control and public health measures against the importation and dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 until day 1000.
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Duradoni M, Gursesli MC, Materassi L, Serritella E, Guazzini A. The Long-COVID Experience Changed People's Vaccine Hesitancy but Not Their Vaccination Fear. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14550. [PMID: 36361430 PMCID: PMC9654193 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Starting in early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has been responsible, worldwide, for millions of deaths and patients with long-COVID syndrome. In an attempt to stop the spread of the virus, the blanket administration of COVID-19 vaccines proved to be the most effective measure, yet the existence and availability of functional vaccines did not and, still, do not ensure the willingness and intent of people to be vaccinated. This study assessed the similarities and differences in vaccine fears and vaccine hesitancy through between clusters of subjects: people that were not infected with COVID-19, people that had COVID but did not develop long-lasting symptoms, and people that were infected with COVID and developed long-COVID syndrome. From the sample of 1111 Italian people, it was found that individuals who experienced mild symptoms showed higher vaccine hesitancy (confidence, complacency, and collective responsibility) than those who did not contract COVID-19. People affected by long-COVID showed a lower overall hesitancy than individuals who had COVID-19 without incurring long-lasting symptoms and, thus, essentially resembled people who had no experience of COVID-19 infection in terms of the vaccine hesitancy scores. Vaccine fear remained unchanged across all three of the examined clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Duradoni
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Mustafa Can Gursesli
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Letizia Materassi
- Department of Social and Political Sciences, University of Florence, 50127 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Serritella
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Guazzini
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy
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128
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The Content of COVID-19 Information Searches and Vaccination Intention: An Implication for Risk Communication. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 17:e258. [PMID: 36325832 PMCID: PMC9837418 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2022.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study was to examine the association between COVID-19 information search activities and vaccination intention. METHODS Cross-sectional data were collected using online surveys. Independent variables included COVID-19 information search on the (1) science of viral effects of COVID-19 on the body, (2) origin of COVID-19, (3) symptoms and outcomes, (4) transmission and prevention, (5) future outbreak, and (6) policies/procedures to follow. The outcome variable was vaccination intention. A multivariable regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS Participants (N = 501) had a mean age of 32.44 ± 11.94 years, were 55.3% female, and 67.9% were white. Most COVID-19 information searches were on symptoms and outcomes (77.7%) and policies/procedures to follow (69.9%). Intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 was higher among participants who searched for information on the science of viral effects of COVID-19 on the body (β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.03-0.43; P = 0.03) and policies/procedures to follow (β = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.03-0.41; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS People who searched for information about (1) the science of viral effects of COVID-19 and (2) policies/procedures recommendations also reported higher vaccination intention. Risk communication seeking to increase vaccination should meet the consumers' information demand by prioritizing the scientific rationale for COVID-19 vaccination and by clarifying what policies/procedures are recommended.
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129
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Factors contributing to coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers in Iran: A descriptive-analytical study. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2022; 18:101182. [PMCID: PMC9678224 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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130
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Miller M, Tracey M, Simpson M, Mikita C. Pearls and pitfalls: Adverse cutaneous reactions after COVID-19 vaccination. Allergy Asthma Proc 2022; 43:555-558. [PMID: 36335420 PMCID: PMC9645733 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2022.43.220058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background: Rashes after coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccinations occur with typical and atypical presentations. Objective: The goal of this article is to increase awareness and review the various diagnosis and management of cutaneous adverse reactions associated with COVID-19 vaccinations for allergy/immunology fellows, residents, general physicians, and general practitioners. Methods: Pertinent information was included from the patient's case. A review of the available literature using the works cited in the most up-to-date reviews was completed. Results: A case of a patient with cutaneous adverse reaction after COVID-19 vaccination as presented, followed by a review of cutaneous reactions after COVID-19 vaccinations. Conclusion: Providers should be aware of the different rashes after COVID-19 vaccinations. Pearls and pitfalls of the diagnosis and management are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mechelle Miller
- From the Department of Allergy and Immunology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda MD 20814; and
| | - Michael Tracey
- Department of Dermatology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda MD 20814
| | - Meagan Simpson
- Department of Dermatology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda MD 20814
| | - Cecilia Mikita
- From the Department of Allergy and Immunology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda MD 20814; and
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Marcell L, Dokania E, Navia I, Baxter C, Crary I, Rutz S, Soto Monteverde MJ, Simlai S, Hernandez C, Huebner EM, Sanchez M, Cox E, Stonehill A, Koltai K, Adams Waldorf KM. One Vax Two Lives: a social media campaign and research program to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 227:685-695.e2. [PMID: 35752303 PMCID: PMC9221742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected pregnant people by increasing health risks of maternal morbidity and mortality, stillbirth, and preterm birth. Although numerous studies have supported the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy in preventing or mitigating the risk for these adverse outcomes, many pregnant people remain hesitant. Approximately half of US adults regularly consume news from social media platforms, which are a fertile ground for the spread of vaccine disinformation. The lack of information regarding COVID-19 vaccine safety early in the pandemic fueled vaccine myths targeting the fears of pregnant people about vaccination risks. Saddened by the spike in maternal deaths of unvaccinated individuals during the COVID-19 Delta variant surge in the fall of 2021, we created a social media campaign to promote scientific communication regarding the risks of COVID-19 disease in pregnancy and the benefits of vaccination. We called the campaign "One Vax Two Lives," which refers to the ability of 1 maternal vaccine to benefit the health and lives of both the pregnant individual and their fetus. We present a blueprint of how we leveraged a large, interdisciplinary student workforce to create a social media campaign and research program studying vaccine hesitancy, which can be replicated by other groups. Community engagement and partnerships with key stakeholders, such as the Washington State Department of Health, were essential for amplifying the campaign and providing our team with feedback on content and approach. We present the analytics of our social media advertisements, web articles, and video content that helped inform the iterative design process of the multimedia content. Moving forward, we are launching collaborative research programs to study vaccine hesitancy and inform the development of new social media content designed for pregnant individuals who are: (1) Spanish-speaking Hispanic/Latina/x, (2) Black or Afro-Latinx, and (3) residents of rural communities in the State of Washington. Data from these mixed methods studies will inform new communication campaigns to reach vaccine-hesitant individuals. Finally, we discuss lessons learned and how the most impactful elements of the campaign can be translated to related areas of maternal public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Marcell
- School of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ekta Dokania
- Department of Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ikram Navia
- Department of Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Carly Baxter
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Isabelle Crary
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Sara Rutz
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Samriddhi Simlai
- Department of Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Magali Sanchez
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Elizabeth Cox
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Alex Stonehill
- Department of Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Kolina Koltai
- Center for an Informed Public, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Kristina M Adams Waldorf
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
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Zheng M, Qin C, Qian X, Yao Y, Liu J, Yuan Z, Ma L, Fan J, Tao R, Zhou F, Chen W, Zhu Z, Liu M, Yang G. Knowledge and vaccination acceptance toward the human monkeypox among men who have sex with men in China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:997637. [PMID: 36388271 PMCID: PMC9640956 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.997637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MSM individuals are at high risk of monkeypox infection, and judicious use of vaccines can control the outbreak. Therefore, we conducted a national cross-sectional survey to assess the vaccination willingness, associated factors, and related knowledges of monkeypox among MSM individuals in China. Methods This anonymous cross-sectional study was conducted in China from July 1 to July 3, 2022, and electronic questionnaires were sent online to MSM individuals of specific institutions. Men, aged 18 or older, who had anal sex in the past year were recruited. Multivariable logistic regression models and univariable logistic regression models were performed in different groups of participants, including all eligible respondents, people with or without self-reported HIV infection, and people who had sex with at least one male sexual partner in last month. Results A total of 2,618 male respondents, including 2,134 homosexuals and 484 bisexuals, were enrolled in our final analysis. Most of the respondents had a certain understanding of the source of infection, transmission route, and preventive measures, but lacked knowledge of the susceptible population, clinical manifestations, vaccination, and treatment. In total, 90.2% of all respondents were willing to receive the vaccines against monkeypox. Among people with self-reported HIV infection, the vaccination acceptance rate was 91.7%, while it was 89.7% in the rest. The main influencing factors were knowledge about monkeypox (moderate: aOR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.04-2.08; high: aOR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.23-3.34), knowledge about prevention measures (moderate: aOR = 3.52, 95% CI: 2.51-4.94; high: aOR = 5.32, 95% CI: 2.98-9.47), concerns about their susceptibility to monkeypox infection (aOR = 4.37, 95% CI: 3.29-5.80), and possible contact with people and animals in epidemic areas (aOR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.25-0.70). For self-reported HIV-infected individuals, education (bachelor degree: aOR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.18-0.89) and poor condom use (sometimes: aOR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.06-4.47) may also affect the vaccination. Conclusions There was still a lack of knowledge about the human monkeypox among MSM individuals in China. The vaccination acceptance rate of this high-risk population was high, and it was closely related to the knowledge factors, fear of infection, and possible contact with people or animals in affected areas. Targeted publicity and education of the high-risk groups, vaccination pre-arranged planning should be formulated to cope with the further development of this infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chenyuan Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohan Qian
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongming Yao
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China,Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Yuan
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiacheng Fan
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Rui Tao
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenyan Chen
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhilin Zhu
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Guanghong Yang
| | - Guanghong Yang
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,Min Liu
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Adu PA, Iyaniwura SA, Mahmood B, Jeong D, Makuza JD, Cua G, Binka M, García HAV, Ringa N, Wong S, Yu A, Irvine MA, Otterstatter M, Janjua NZ. Association between close interpersonal contact and vaccine hesitancy: Findings from a population-based survey in Canada. Front Public Health 2022; 10:971333. [PMID: 36267997 PMCID: PMC9577316 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.971333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccine hesitancy threatens efforts to bring the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to an end. Given that social or interpersonal contact is an important driver for COVID-19 transmission, understanding the relationship between contact rates and vaccine hesitancy may help identify appropriate targets for strategic intervention. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between interpersonal contact and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among a sample of unvaccinated adults in the Canadian province of British Columbia (BC). Methods Unvaccinated individuals participating in the BC COVID-19 Population Mixing Patterns Survey (BC-Mix) were asked to indicate their level of agreement to the statement, "I plan to get the COVID-19 vaccine." Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association between self-reported interpersonal contact and vaccine hesitancy, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, educational attainment, occupation, household size and region of residence. All analyses incorporated survey sampling weights based on age, sex, geography, and ethnicity. Results Results were based on survey responses collected between March 8, 2021 and December 6, 2021, by a total of 4,515 adults aged 18 years and older. Overall, 56.7% of respondents reported that they were willing to get the COVID-19 vaccine, 27.0% were unwilling and 16.3% were undecided. We found a dose-response association between interpersonal contact and vaccine hesitancy. Compared to individuals in the lowest quartile (least contact), those in the fourth quartile (highest contact), third quartile and second quartile groups were more likely to be vaccine hesitant, with adjusted odd ratios (aORs) of 2.85 (95% CI: 2.02, 4.00), 1.91(95% CI: 1.38, 2.64), 1.78 (95% CI: 1.13, 2.82), respectively. Conclusion Study findings show that among unvaccinated people in BC, vaccine hesitancy is greater among those who have high contact rates, and hence potentially at higher risk of acquiring and transmitting infection. This may also impact future uptake of booster doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince A. Adu
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sarafa A. Iyaniwura
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada,Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Bushra Mahmood
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dahn Jeong
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jean Damascene Makuza
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Georgine Cua
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mawuena Binka
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Héctor A. Velásquez García
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Notice Ringa
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stanley Wong
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Amanda Yu
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mike A. Irvine
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael Otterstatter
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Naveed Z. Janjua
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,Centre for Health Evaluation & Outcome Sciences, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada,*Correspondence: Naveed Z. Janjua
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Cadeddu C, Rosano A, Villani L, Coiante GB, Minicucci I, Pascucci D, de Waure C. Planning and Organization of the COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign: An Overview of Eight European Countries. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1631. [PMID: 36298496 PMCID: PMC9609247 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The initial progress of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign worldwide depended on several aspects, including programmatic/practical issues. This paper focused on the planning and organization of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns in eight European countries (Sweden, Denmark, Romania, Hungary, Italy, Spain, Germany, and France), from the launch to August 2021. Information on the planning of the vaccination campaign (release and update of a national immunization plan, types of vaccines being used and their limitations/suspensions) and its organization (vaccination target groups, possibility of citizens' choice, vaccination workforce and settings, vaccines procurement) were obtained through desk research of international and national reports, plans, and websites. Eventually, data on vaccination coverage were drawn from Our world in data and analyzed through join point regression. The eight countries showed differences in groups prioritization, limitations/suspensions of use of specific vaccines, citizens' possibility to choose vaccines, and vaccination workforce involved. These issues could have contributed to the different progress towards high levels of vaccination coverage. In respect to vaccination coverage, Romania reached much lower levels than other countries. Further comparative research is needed in order to identify best practices in vaccination campaign that could be useful for the next phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, and be better prepared for future potential pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cadeddu
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Rosano
- National Institute for the Analysis of Public Policy—INAPP, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Villani
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Minicucci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Domenico Pascucci
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara de Waure
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
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135
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Kafadar AH, Tekeli GG, Jones KA, Stephan B, Dening T. Determinants for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the general population: a systematic review of reviews. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 31:1-17. [PMID: 36160668 PMCID: PMC9483252 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01753-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aim Although multiple COVID-19 vaccines are approved for global use, vaccine hesitancy poses a substantial risk for global health. Therefore, the aim of this umbrella review is to identify those factors that influence COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in the general population. This is necessary to improve the effectiveness of future vaccination programmes. Methods PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsycInfo, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Epistemonikos, and PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) were searched on December 21, 2021. This review included reviews which investigated factors of intention, willingness, or hesitancy with regard to the COVID-19 vaccination in adult populations, with no restrictions on setting. Content-based structure was used to synthesise the extracted data. The findings were presented based on the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) Working Group Model for vaccine hesitancy. Results A total of 3,392 studies were identified, of which 31 met the inclusion criteria. The most frequently documented factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy included contextual factors, such as sex, age, and social inequalities; individual and group factors, such as trust in the healthcare system, public health authorities, and governments, and history of vaccination; vaccine-specific factors, such as concern for vaccine safety, perceived vaccine barriers, perceived effectiveness of vaccines, and concern about the rapid development of the vaccine; and disease-specific factors, such as fear of being infected with COVID-19, perceived severity of COVID-19, and knowledge of COVID-19. Conclusion There are multiple factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Our findings lay the foundation to further understand COVID-19 vaccination uptake and provide possible targets for intervention programmes. However, there are gaps in research concerning certain populations, including vaccination in people with mental disorders. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-022-01753-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Humeyra Kafadar
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Institute of Mental Health, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU UK
| | - Gamze Gizem Tekeli
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Katy A. Jones
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Blossom Stephan
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tom Dening
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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136
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González S, Olszevicki S, Gaiano A, Baino ANV, Regairaz L, Salazar M, Pesci S, Marín L, Martínez VVG, Varela T, Ceriani L, Garcia E, Kreplak N, Navarro A, Estenssoro E, Marsico F. Effectiveness of BBIBP-CorV, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines against hospitalisations among children and adolescents during the Omicron outbreak in Argentina: A retrospective cohort study. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2022; 13:100316. [PMID: 35872665 PMCID: PMC9288143 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Although paediatric clinical presentations of COVID-19 are usually less severe than in adults, serious illness and death have occurred. Many countries started the vaccination rollout of children in 2021; still, information about effectiveness in the real-world setting is scarce. The aim of our study was to evaluate vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19-associated-hospitalisations in the 3–17-year population during the Omicron outbreak. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study including individuals aged 3–17 registered in the online vaccination system of the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 were administered to 12–17-year subjects; and BBIBP-CorV to 3–11-year subjects. Vaccinated group had received a two-dose scheme by 12/1/2021. Unvaccinated group did not receive any COVID-19 vaccine between 12/14/2021 and 3/9/2022, which was the entire monitoring period. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19-associated hospitalisations was calculated as (1-OR)x100. Findings By 12/1/2021, 1,536,435 individuals aged 3–17 who had received zero or two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were included in this study. Of the latter, 1,440,389 were vaccinated and 96,046 not vaccinated. VE were 78.0%[68.7–84.2], 76.4%[62.9–84.5] and 80.0%[64.3–88.0] for the entire cohort, 3–11-year (BBIBP-CorV) subgroup and 12–17 (mRNA vaccines) subgroup, respectively. VE for the entire population was 82.7% during the period of Delta and Omicron overlapping circulation and decreased to 67.7% when Omicron was the only variant present. Interpretation This report provides evidence of high vaccine protection against associated hospitalisations in the paediatric population during the Omicron outbreak but suggests a decrease of protection when Omicron became predominant. Application of a booster dose in children aged 3–11-year warrants further consideration. Funding None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad González
- Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Olszevicki
- Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Gaiano
- Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Nina Varela Baino
- Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorena Regairaz
- Immunology Unit, Children's Hospital Sor Maria Ludovica, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín Salazar
- Faculty of Medical Sciences - National University of La Plata, Argentina
| | - Santiago Pesci
- Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lupe Marín
- Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Teresa Varela
- Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leticia Ceriani
- Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Enio Garcia
- Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Kreplak
- Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alexia Navarro
- Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elisa Estenssoro
- Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Franco Marsico
- Calculus Institute, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Corresponding author.
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137
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Corbalán‐Fernández AM, Justich‐Zabala P, Pellicer‐Jordá M, Mikulasova E, Gascón‐Cánovas JJ. Willingness to get vaccinated with the first-generation vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Public Health Nurs 2022; 40:1-8. [PMID: 36000570 PMCID: PMC9538202 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore people's decision-making regarding whether or not to get vaccinated against COVID-19. METHODS A purposive sample of people over the age of 18 who had not yet been vaccinated against COVID-19 was studied. Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews in focus groups and personal in-depth interviews. All interviews were conducted on the Zoom® platform and were recorded for subsequent verbatim transcription. Using a grounded theory approach, both open and axial coding of the narrative data were performed. RESULTS Information saturation was reached after eight focus group meetings and 14 in-depth interviews (n = 55). Six principal themes emerged, with the fear of possible adverse side-effects and the worries generated by the speed of the development and commercialization of the vaccine amongst the main expressed anxieties. Social pressure to get vaccinated was a recurrent subject, as was the desire for clear and understandable information from reliable sources. CONCLUSIONS The willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19 is determined by a complex series of interconnected factors that define an explanatory model, which has evolved concurrently with the development of the vaccines and the progress of the vaccination campaigns. This model will be useful for deciding social scenarios aimed at tackling this or future pandemics and for designing formulas that will increase the initial acceptance of these vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eva Mikulasova
- Nursing Staff ServiceMorales Meseguer General University Hospital, Murcia Health ServiceMurciaSpain
| | - Juan José Gascón‐Cánovas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Murcia (Spain)‐IMIB‐ArrixacaMurciaSpain
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138
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Bilateral Facial Weakness with Distal Paresthesia Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Scoping Review for an Atypical Variant of Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12081046. [PMID: 36009109 PMCID: PMC9406009 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12081046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Recent population-based studies from the US and UK have identified an increase in the occurrence of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. However, the localized variant of GBS might be underestimated due to its rarity and atypical features. We aimed to identify and characterize bilateral facial weakness with distal paresthesia (BFWdp) as a GBS variant following COVID-19 vaccination. Materials and Methods: Relevant studies published during the COVID-19 pandemic were searched and identified in the MEDLINE, Embase, and other databases. Results: This review found that 18 BFWdp cases presented characteristics similar to previous BFWdp cases as defined in the literature: male dominance, frequent albuminocytological dissociation, and acute inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy pattern. In contrast, facial nerve enhancement on brain MRI and antiganglioside antibody positivity were often observed in BFWdp following COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusions: The mechanism of BFWdp following COVID-19 vaccination appears to be somewhat different from that of sporadic BFWdp. Neurological syndromes with rare incidence and difficulty in diagnosis should be considered adverse events of COVID-19 vaccination.
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Strengthened belief in vaccine effectiveness predicted increased COVID-19 vaccination intention and behaviour: Results from a nationally representative longitudinal survey of U.S. adults from July 2020 to April/May 2021. Vaccine 2022; 40:6035-6041. [PMID: 36088194 PMCID: PMC9449782 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy remains a major barrier to ending the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (U.S.) and an important target for communication interventions. Using longitudinal survey data, we examined whether baseline levels and changes in beliefs about the COVID-19 vaccines predicted change in vaccination intention/behaviour. Repeated measures were collected from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults (n = 665) in July 2020 and April/June 2021. Linear regressions associated change in COVID-19 vaccination intention/behaviour with changes in beliefs about the COVID-19 vaccines’ safety, effectiveness in protecting others from infection, and effectiveness in protecting oneself from infection. Changes in beliefs from T1 to T2 were significantly associated with change in vaccination outcomes for all belief types (safety B = 0.39, SE = 0.07; effectiveness for self B = 0.38, SE = 0.09; effectiveness for others B = 0.43, SE = 0.07). Cross-lagged models suggested a reciprocal causal relationship between pro-vaccine beliefs and vaccination intention/behaviour: Intention to get vaccinated at T1 predicted strengthened safety and effectiveness beliefs at T2. T1 effectiveness beliefs predicted T2 vaccination intention/behaviour, though T1 safety beliefs did not. Communication interventions highlighting the protective benefits of COVID-19 vaccines may be particularly successful in reducing vaccine hesitancy.
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140
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Sethy G, Chisema M, Sharma L, Joshi K, Singhal S, Omar Nicks P, Macheso S, Damte T, Eleonore Ba A, Mitambo C, Thomas M, Laher B, Phuka J. COVID-19 vaccine express strategy in Malawi: An effort to reach the un-reach. Vaccine 2022; 40:5089-5094. [PMID: 35871867 PMCID: PMC9291406 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To establish the impact of “Covid-19 Vaccination express” (CVE) on vaccine uptake in Malawi Design Retrospective cross-sectional study to compare the daily vaccine administration rate in CVE and routine covid vaccination (RCV). RCV data was collected from March 2021 to October 2021. The data regarding CVE was collected from 5 November 2021 to 31 December 2021. Data was collected regarding (1) the total number and type of vaccine doses administered and (2) Demographic details like age, gender, occupation, presence of comorbidities, the first dose, or the second dose of the people who received a vaccine. Results From March-December 2021, a total of 1,866,623 COVID-19 vaccine doses were administered, out of which 1,290,145 doses were administered at a mean daily vaccination rate of 1854 (95% CI: 1292-2415) doses as a part of RCV, and 576,478 doses were administered at a mean daily vaccination rate of 3312 (95% CI: 2377-4248) doses as a part of CVE. Comparing the mean daily doses (Astra Zeneca, AZ doses 1 & 2) administered in the CVE and RCV showed that the mean daily doses of AZ vaccine administered were significantly higher in the CVE (p<0.05). Conclusion CVE successfully increased the uptake of the Covid-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Krupal Joshi
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science -Rajkot, Gujarat, India.
| | - Sanjay Singhal
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science -Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | - Tedla Damte
- UNICEF Country Office, Malawi; LIKA UFPE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mavuto Thomas
- Health Education Services, Ministry of Health, Malawi
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Sharma P, Basu S, Mishra S, Mundeja N, Charan BS, Singh G, Singh MM. COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Its Determinants in the General Population of Delhi, India: A State Level Cross-Sectional Survey. Cureus 2022; 14:e26936. [PMID: 35989771 PMCID: PMC9378953 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To ascertain the COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and the factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy and vaccine confidence in the adult population, and the intention for vaccination of their children. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis reports the ancillary results of a population-based SARS-CoV-2 serosurvey conducted in Delhi, India, from September 24 to October 14, 2021. Data were collected from 20312 adult participants through a multistage sampling method from all the 274 wards in the 11 districts of the national capital territory region. Results: We enrolled 12093 (59.3%) females and 8219 (40.5%) male participants with mean (SD) age of 40.3 (14.6) years. The vaccine acceptance rate in the participants was 67.7% (95% CI 67.1, 68.4), with 6031 (43.8%) having received one dose and 7727 (56.2%) having received two vaccine doses. On adjusted analysis, lack of vaccine acceptance was independently associated with female gender aOR 1.15 (95% CI 1.1, 1.23), younger age-group (18-49 years) aOR 1.85 (95% CI 1.71, 2.0), low educational status aOR 1.88 (95% CI 1.77, 2.0), in those with no history of COVID-19 aOR 1.81 (95% CI 1.69, 1.95), non-healthcare workers aOR 2.1 (95% CI 1.7, 2.53), and in the absence of hypertension comorbidity aOR 1.22 (1.1, 1.38). Lack of awareness of COVID-19 vaccines, including doubts on vaccine efficacy and long-term safety, were primary drivers of vaccine hesitancy in the unvaccinated subgroup. Only 35.6% participants reported a positive intention to vaccinate their children. Conclusions: One in three adults lacked vaccine acceptance. High prevalence of delay in second dose vaccination was also observed.
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Shahapur PR, Shahapur R, Kandi V, Suvvari TK, Vadakedath S. Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients and Their Clinical Outcomes During the Third Wave in India: A Single-Center Observational Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e26807. [PMID: 35971342 PMCID: PMC9373877 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged from the Chinese mainland has spread throughout the world affecting the normal lives of the people. Both developed and developing nations have been equally affected and coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) resulted in the death of millions of people worldwide. The virus is undergoing mutations and is evolving into variants that are responsible for wave after wave. This study was carried out to assess the clinical outcomes of people infected with the novel virus during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India. Methods The study was carried out between November 2021 and January 2022 and included 100 consecutive patients attending the hospital attached to the BLDE (Deemed to be University) Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Bijapur, Karnataka, South India. All patients included in the study returned a positive report in a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The patient details collected included age, sex, cycle threshold (Ct) values for envelope (E)/nucleocapsid (N), and Orf1b (open reading frame 1b) genes, hospitalization status, vaccine status, C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and final clinical outcome. The data were entered into Microsoft Office Excel sheets, and statistical inferences were drawn using SPSS 24 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results Of the 100 patients included in the study, only 14 (14%) patients were vaccinated. The patient's mean age was 34.22±17.50. Among the vaccinated patients, the majority had taken COVISHIELD™ (85.71%) compared to COVAXIN® (14.29%). Only 14% of patients were symptomatic, and the mean Ct values among all the patients were 29.92±3.74 (E gene/N gene) and 27.6±4.78 (Orf1B gene). Eight (8%) patients were hospitalized, and all the patients recovered from the infection. Among the hospitalized patients, six (75%) were vaccinated. The mean age of the hospitalized patients was 43.8±14.25 years. The mean CRP, D-dimer, and IL-6 concentrations among the hospitalized patients were noted to be 22.375±16.58 mg/L, 654.325±577.24 ng/mL, and 5.075±2.15 ng/mL, respectively. Conclusion The study results demonstrate that despite unvaccinated status, most patients in the third wave had only suffered from asymptomatic infection. Moreover, people who developed a clinical infection and those who required hospitalization had an uneventful recovery irrespective of their vaccination status.
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Yehualashet DE, Seboka BT, Tesfa GA, Mamo TT, Yawo MN, Hailegebreal S. Prevalence and Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among the Ethiopian Population: A Systematic Review. Healthc Policy 2022; 15:1433-1445. [PMID: 35937966 PMCID: PMC9346414 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s368057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although vaccination is the most effective way to end the COVID-19 pandemic, there are growing concerns that vaccine hesitancy may undermine its effectiveness. In Ethiopia, vaccine hesitancy forms a major challenge to the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. This systematic review examined the prevalence and determinants of the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the Ethiopian population. Methods A systematic search of articles was conducted in PubMed, EBSCO, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar. Studies that evaluated the prevalence and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Ethiopia were included. The identified determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were analyzed based on the frequency of occurrence in the included studies. Results The overall COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy level in the Ethiopian population ranged from 14.1% to 68.7%. The high COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy rate observed in this study was due to contextual factors, individual factors, and vaccine-specific factors. Young age, female sex, living in rural areas, lack of adequate information, and lower education are the most common contextual determinants of the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Lack of awareness about the COVID-19 vaccine, low risk of COVID-19, poor adherence to COVID-19 prevention strategies, and negative attitude towards the COVID-19 vaccine are the most frequently reported personal factors. Common vaccine-specific determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitation are the side effects of the vaccine and doubts about its effectiveness of the vaccine. Conclusion Our review showed that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy remains highly prevalent and varied across regions of Ethiopia, with a wide variety of factors associated with it. Potential interventions on the benefits of vaccination and the adverse effects of vaccine rejection are crucial to enhance COVID-19 vaccine uptake among the Ethiopian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delelegn Emwodew Yehualashet
- School of Public Health, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Delelegn Emwodew Yehualashet, School of Public Health, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia, Tel +251 976061907, Email
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Zhang W, Wu YY, Wu B. Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Getting COVID-19 Vaccine: Do Age, Gender, and Education Matter? Health Equity 2022; 6:500-507. [PMID: 36186620 PMCID: PMC9518807 DOI: 10.1089/heq.2022.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Sociology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Yan Yan Wu
- Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii USA
| | - Bei Wu
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA
- NYU Aging Incubator, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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Kues JR, Knapke JM, Elshaer S, Mendell AM, Hildreth L, Schuckman SM, Wijesooriya J, Butsch Kovacic M. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Critical Time Period Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138098. [PMID: 35805757 PMCID: PMC9265709 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a devastating, global public health crisis. Public health systems in the United States heavily focused on getting people to adhere to preventive behaviors, and later, to get vaccinated. January through May of 2021 was a critical and volatile time period for COVID-19 cases, deaths, and expanding vaccination programs coinciding with important political and social events which will have a lasting impact on how the public views science, places trust in our government, and views individual rights. Having collected almost 1400 surveys, our goal was to assess vaccine behavior, explore attitudes toward receiving the vaccine, and identify trusted information sources. More than 83% of our survey respondents said they were at least partially vaccinated. Of 246 unvaccinated, 31.3% were somewhat or extremely likely to get vaccinated when available. Their two most common concerns were vaccine effectiveness (41.1%) and safety (40.2%). Significant differences were observed between respondents who were likely to be vaccinated in the future and those who were hesitant on three of five demographic variables. Our data provide unique insight into the history of behavior and motivations related to COVID-19 vaccines—what will be seen as a “wicked problem” for years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Kues
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (J.M.K.); (A.M.M.); (L.H.); (S.M.S.)
- Correspondence: (J.R.K.); (M.B.K.)
| | - Jacqueline M. Knapke
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (J.M.K.); (A.M.M.); (L.H.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Shereen Elshaer
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (S.E.); (J.W.)
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura City 35516, Egypt
| | - Angela M. Mendell
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (J.M.K.); (A.M.M.); (L.H.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Laura Hildreth
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (J.M.K.); (A.M.M.); (L.H.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Stephanie M. Schuckman
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (J.M.K.); (A.M.M.); (L.H.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Julie Wijesooriya
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (S.E.); (J.W.)
| | - Melinda Butsch Kovacic
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (S.E.); (J.W.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutrition Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Correspondence: (J.R.K.); (M.B.K.)
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Mohanasundaram K, Santhanam S, Natarajan R, Murugesan H, Nambi T, Chilikuri B, Nallasivan S. Covid-19 vaccination in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: A multi-center survey from southern India. Int J Rheum Dis 2022; 25:1046-1052. [PMID: 35773944 PMCID: PMC9349850 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM This survey was conducted to evaluate COVID-19 vaccination status in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs). Our objectives were to study vaccine hesitancy, adverse effects, breakthrough infections and flare of underlying disease in this population subgroup. METHODS This was a multi-center, cross-sectional, interview-based survey done at 6 tertiary care centers across Tamil Nadu, in the southern part of India from September 15, 2021 to October 14, 2021. The survey questionnaire was filled up by AIRD patients attending their clinics. The survey questionnaire comprised a set of 14 questions, distributed between patient characteristics, vaccines taken, their characteristics and COVID-19 infection. RESULTS There were 2092 participants, with a mean age of 47.5 ± 13.17 years. Among them, 1293 (61.81%) were vaccinated, of which 837 (64.73%) were fully vaccinated. Two-thirds of our subjects were vaccinated with ChAdOx1 nCov-19 (COVISHIELD) (77.64%) and 21.57% with BBV 152 (COVAXIN). Age, gender, education and comorbidities had no association with vaccine hesitancy. The commonest (421; 52.69%) reason for vaccine hesitancy was fear of side effects. The incidence (n = 72) of breakthrough infections was similar in both the vaccine groups, of which 58 (80.55%) were partially vaccinated and 14 (19.44%) were fully vaccinated. Thirty-two patients had a flare of pre-existing rheumatic disease. CONCLUSION ChAdOx1 nCov-19 and BBV 152 were found to be safe in patients with rheumatic diseases. Fear of side effects was the major cause of vaccine hesitancy. All adverse effects were minor and self-limiting. Breakthrough infections and disease flares occurred only in a small subset of our cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sham Santhanam
- Rheumatology, Gleneagles Global and Vijaya hospitals, Chennai, India
| | - Raja Natarajan
- Padmavathy Rheumatic Care Centre, Sri Narayani Hospital and Research Centre, Vellore, India
| | | | | | - Balaji Chilikuri
- Department of Rheumatology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Subramanian Nallasivan
- Department of Rheumatology and Medicine, Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Madurai, India
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Moeed A, Najeeb H, Saleem A, Asghar MS, Rafi HM, Khattak AK, Bilal Z, Seboka BT. Willingness and Perceptions Regarding COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Dose in Pakistani Vaccinated Population: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Front Public Health 2022; 10:911518. [PMID: 35844859 PMCID: PMC9279681 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.911518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study was conducted to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine booster dose willingness and identify predictors and factors of willingness and hesitance in the vaccinated population of Pakistan. Methods A cross-sectional web-based survey was undertaken between January and February 2022 to highlight the public perceptions regarding the COVID-19 booster dose and evaluate the willingness to get the additional dose. Demographic information and booster dose willingness were recorded through the questionnaire. Additionally, a 5-point Likert scale was employed to explore fears and beliefs regarding COVID-19 vaccinations. Univariate and multivariate regression was performed to identify booster dose willingness and hesitance factors. Results Of the 787 respondents, 69.6% were females, 75.3% fell in the 18–30 years age group, 53.5% were university students or had a Bachelor's degree. Overall, a 77.8% booster dose willingness was reported. Participants showed absence or low fear levels associated with a booster dose (47.3%). 60.1% agreed it was safe to receive an additional vaccine dose, with 44.1% agreeing that boosters are effective against coronavirus variants. Independent predictors of willingness included the absence of comorbidities, whereas not being willing to pay for the booster dose was a predictor of hesitance. Conclusion This study showed a suboptimal willingness level of booster dose uptake among the vaccinated Pakistani population. Public health policymakers must undertake necessary awareness campaigns to strategize vaccination drives and dispel myths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Moeed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hala Najeeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Arisha Saleem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Hania Mansoor Rafi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Zoha Bilal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Binyam Tariku Seboka
- School of Public Health, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Binyam Tariku Seboka
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Tucker M, Azar MM, Cohen E, Gan G, Deng Y, Foppiano Palacios C, Malinis M. Evaluating clinical effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in solid organ transplant recipients: A propensity score matched analysis. Transpl Infect Dis 2022; 24:e13876. [PMID: 35684932 PMCID: PMC9348300 DOI: 10.1111/tid.13876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are at disproportionate risk for severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccination is a key preventative strategy but is associated with decreased humoral responses among SOTR. Whether dampened immune responses correlate with reduced clinical effectiveness is unclear. Our study was designed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the early vaccine era. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study comparing SARS-CoV-2 infection rates between SOTRs who received two doses of mRNA or one dose of Ad26.Cov2.S vaccine and those not fully vaccinated (partially vaccinated and unvaccinated). To evaluate clinical effectiveness of vaccine, cause-specific Cox regression model and modified Poisson regression model were built using the propensity score-matched cohort. Additionally, the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 of fully vaccinated and not fully vaccinated SOTR were compared. RESULTS Of 2705 SOTRs, 1668 were included in our final matched analysis, which showed a 73% reduction of SARS-CoV-2 infection and 76% reduction of all-cause-mortality among fully vaccinated patients. Thirty-nine SOTRs developed SARS-CoV-2 infection, including nine fully vaccinated and 30 not fully vaccinated. Among fully vaccinated patients, 22% had severe/critical COVID-19 and 0% mortality versus not fully vaccinated SOTRs, of whom 37% had severe/critical COVID-19 and 6.67% COVID-19-related mortality. CONCLUSION In SOTRs, completion of primary vaccine series in the early vaccine era was associated with a significant reduction of COVID-19 and was protective against severe/critical disease and death. Further studies are needed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of current vaccine recommendations for SOTR against emerging new variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mollie Tucker
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Marwan M. Azar
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Elizabeth Cohen
- Department of PharmacyYale New Haven HealthNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Geliang Gan
- Yale Center for Analytical SciencesYale School of Public HealthNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Yanhong Deng
- Yale Center for Analytical SciencesYale School of Public HealthNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Carlo Foppiano Palacios
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Maricar Malinis
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
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Kanyangarara M, McAbee L, Daguise VG, Nolan MS. Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions among South Carolina Residents. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:942. [PMID: 35746550 PMCID: PMC9227016 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite evidence of vaccine safety and efficacy, vaccine hesitancy remains a major global health threat. The COVID-19 vaccine has presented unique vaccine hesitancy concerns compared to parental vaccine hesitancy towards childhood vaccines. South Carolina (SC) is home to a largely conservative population and historically has some of the lowest vaccination coverage rates in the United States of America. The goal of the current study was to identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine intentions among SC residents. From November 2020 to September 2021, 300,000 invitations to participate in community testing and complete an online survey were mailed to randomly selected SC residents. The survey collected data about behaviors and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines, as well as demographic and health characteristics. Of the 10,626 survey participants, 69.9% reported being vaccinated against COVID-19. Among those not vaccinated, 65.5% reported vaccine intentions. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine intentions. Multivariate logistic regression results indicated that confidence in the safety of the COVID-19 vaccines increased the likelihood of vaccine intentions, while younger age (<60 years) decreased the likelihood of vaccine intentions. To increase vaccine intentions and uptake, public health and government officials in South Carolina and other conservative states should target younger populations and address concerns about COVID-19 vaccine safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mufaro Kanyangarara
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (L.M.); (M.S.N.)
| | - Lauren McAbee
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (L.M.); (M.S.N.)
| | - Virginie G. Daguise
- South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, Columbia, SC 29201, USA;
| | - Melissa S. Nolan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (L.M.); (M.S.N.)
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Rogers BG, Tao J, Almonte A, Toma E, Nagel K, Fain R, Napoleon SC, Maynard MA, Murphy M, Sarkar IN, Chan PA. Statewide evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Rhode Island. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268587. [PMID: 35648751 PMCID: PMC9159551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccines are effective in preventing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccine hesitancy defined as delay of acceptance or refusal of the vaccine is a major barrier to effective implementation. METHODS Participants were recruited statewide through an English and Spanish social media marketing campaign conducted by a local news station during a one-month period as vaccines were becoming available in Rhode Island (from December 21, 2020 to January 22, 2021). Participants completed an online survey about COVID-19 vaccines and vaccine hesitancy with constructs and items adopted from the Health Belief Model. RESULTS A total of 2,007 individuals completed the survey. Eight percent (n = 161) reported vaccine hesitancy. The sample had a median age of 58 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 45, 67), were majority female (78%), White (96%), Non-Hispanic (94%), employed (58%), and reported an annual individual income of $50,000 (59%). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was associated with attitudes and behaviors related to COVID-19. A one unit increase in concern about COVID-19 was associated with a 69% (Adjusted Odds Ratio: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.26-0.37) decrease in vaccine hesitancy. A one-level increase in the likelihood of getting influenza vaccine was associated with a 55% (AOR: 0.45 95% CI: 0.41-0.50) decrease in vaccine hesitancy. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was relatively low in a state-wide survey in Rhode Island. Future research is needed to better understand and tailor messaging related to vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke G. Rogers
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Alexi Almonte
- The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Emily Toma
- The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Katherine Nagel
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Robert Fain
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Siena C. Napoleon
- The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | | | - Matthew Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Indra Neil Sarkar
- Rhode Island Quality Institute, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Philip A. Chan
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
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