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Maia JCDS, Silva GADA, Cunha LSDB, Gouveia GV, Góes-Neto A, Brenig B, Araújo FA, Aburjaile F, Ramos RTJ, Soares SC, Azevedo VADC, Costa MMD, Gouveia JJDS. Genomic Characterization of Aeromonas veronii Provides Insights into Taxonomic Assignment and Reveals Widespread Virulence and Resistance Genes throughout the World. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1039. [PMID: 37370358 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is a Gram-negative bacterial species that causes disease in fish and is nowadays increasingly recurrent in enteric infections of humans. This study was performed to characterize newly sequenced isolates by comparing them with complete genomes deposited at the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information). Nine isolates from fish, environments, and humans from the São Francisco Valley (Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil) were sequenced and compared with complete genomes available in public databases to gain insight into taxonomic assignment and to better understand virulence and resistance profiles of this species within the One Health context. One local genome and four NCBI genomes were misidentified as A. veronii. A total of 239 virulence genes were identified in the local genomes, with most encoding adhesion, motility, and secretion systems. In total, 60 genes involved with resistance to 22 classes of antibiotics were identified in the genomes, including mcr-7 and cphA. The results suggest that the use of methods such as ANI is essential to avoid misclassification of the genomes. The virulence content of A. veronii from local isolates is similar to those complete genomes deposited at the NCBI. Genes encoding colistin resistance are widespread in the species, requiring greater attention for surveillance systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Cleves da Silva Maia
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Agricultural Sciences Campus, Federal University of Vale of São Francisco (Univasf), Petrolina 56304-917, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Center for Open Access Genomic Analysis (CALAnGO), Federal University of Vale of São Francisco (Univasf), Petrolina 56304-917, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Amorim de Albuquerque Silva
- Center for Open Access Genomic Analysis (CALAnGO), Federal University of Vale of São Francisco (Univasf), Petrolina 56304-917, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Letícia Stheffany de Barros Cunha
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Agricultural Sciences Campus, Federal University of Vale of São Francisco (Univasf), Petrolina 56304-917, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Center for Open Access Genomic Analysis (CALAnGO), Federal University of Vale of São Francisco (Univasf), Petrolina 56304-917, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Gisele Veneroni Gouveia
- Center for Open Access Genomic Analysis (CALAnGO), Federal University of Vale of São Francisco (Univasf), Petrolina 56304-917, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Computational Biology of Fungi (LBMCF), Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bertram Brenig
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Niedersachsen, Germany
| | - Fabrício Almeida Araújo
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Flávia Aburjaile
- Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rommel Thiago Jucá Ramos
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Siomar Castro Soares
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-180, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics (LGCM), Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa
- Center for Open Access Genomic Analysis (CALAnGO), Federal University of Vale of São Francisco (Univasf), Petrolina 56304-917, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - João José de Simoni Gouveia
- Center for Open Access Genomic Analysis (CALAnGO), Federal University of Vale of São Francisco (Univasf), Petrolina 56304-917, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Chacón L, Kuropka B, González-Tortuero E, Schreiber F, Rojas-Jiménez K, Rodríguez-Rojas A. Mechanisms of low susceptibility to the disinfectant benzalkonium chloride in a multidrug-resistant environmental isolate of Aeromonas hydrophila. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1180128. [PMID: 37333642 PMCID: PMC10272739 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1180128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive discharge of quaternary ammonium disinfectants such as benzalkonium chloride (BAC) into aquatic systems can trigger several physiological responses in environmental microorganisms. In this study, we isolated a less-susceptible strain of Aeromonas hydrophila to BAC, designated as INISA09, from a wastewater treatment plant in Costa Rica. We characterized its phenotypic response upon exposure to three different concentrations of BAC and characterized mechanisms related to its resistance using genomic and proteomic approaches. The genome of the strain, mapped against 52 different sequenced A. hydrophila strains, consists of approximately 4.6 Mb with 4,273 genes. We found a massive genome rearrangement and thousands of missense mutations compared to the reference strain A. hydrophila ATCC 7966. We identified 15,762 missense mutations mainly associated with transport, antimicrobial resistance, and outer membrane proteins. In addition, a quantitative proteomic analysis revealed a significant upregulation of several efflux pumps and the downregulation of porins when the strain was exposed to three BAC concentrations. Other genes related to membrane fatty acid metabolism and redox metabolic reactions also showed an altered expression. Our findings indicate that the response of A. hydrophila INISA09 to BAC primarily occurs at the envelop level, which is the primary target of BAC. Our study elucidates the mechanisms of antimicrobial susceptibility in aquatic environments against a widely used disinfectant and will help better understand how bacteria can adapt to biocide pollution. To our knowledge, this is the first study addressing the resistance to BAC in an environmental A. hydrophila isolate. We propose that this bacterial species could also serve as a new model to study antimicrobial pollution in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Chacón
- Evolutionary Biology, Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Health Research Institute, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Division of Biodeterioration and Reference Organisms (4.1), Department of Materials and the Environment, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Benno Kuropka
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enrique González-Tortuero
- School of Science, Engineering, and Environment (SEE), University of Salford, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Schreiber
- Division of Biodeterioration and Reference Organisms (4.1), Department of Materials and the Environment, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Alexandro Rodríguez-Rojas
- Evolutionary Biology, Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Small Animal Internal Medicine, Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine (Vetmeduni), Vienna, Austria
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103
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Han X, He X, Zhan X, Yao L, Sun Z, Gao X, Wang S, Wang Z. Disturbed microbiota-metabolites-immune interaction network is associated with olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1159112. [PMID: 37292198 PMCID: PMC10245275 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1159112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a debilitating symptom frequently reported by patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and it is associated with a dysregulated sinonasal inflammation. However, little information is available about the effect of the inflammation-related nasal microbiota and related metabolites on the olfactory function in these patients. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the nasal microbiota-metabolites-immune interactions and their role in the pathogenesis of OD in CRS patients. Methods 23 and 19 CRS patients with and without OD, respectively, were enrolled in the present study. The "Sniffin' Sticks" was used to measure the olfactory function, while the metagenomic shotgun sequencing and the untargeted metabolite profiling were performed to assess the differences in terms of the nasal microbiome and metabolome between the two groups. The levels of nasal mucus inflammatory mediators were investigated by a multiplex flow Cytometric Bead Array (CBA). Results A decreased diversity in the nasal microbiome from the OD group compared to the NOD group was evidenced. The metagenomic analysis revealed a significant enrichment of Acinetobacter johnsonii in the OD group, while Mycoplasma arginini, Aeromonas dhakensis, and Salmonella enterica were significantly less represented (LDA value > 3, p < 0.05). The nasal metabolome profiles were significantly different between the OD and NOD groups (P < 0.05). The purine metabolism was the most significantly enriched metabolic subpathway in OD patients compared with NOD patients (P < 0.001). The expressions of IL-5, IL-8, MIP-1α, MCP-1, and TNF were statistically and significantly increased in the OD group (P < 0.05). All these data, including the dysregulation of the nasal microbiota, differential metabolites, and elevated inflammatory mediators in OD patients demonstrated a clear interaction relationship. Conclusion The disturbed nasal microbiota-metabolite-immune interaction networks may be implicated in the pathogenesis of OD in CRS patients and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms need to be further investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejia He
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Linyin Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifu Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenlin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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104
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KOMEDA TOMOKI, SHRESTHA SHOVITA, SHERCHAN JATANB, TOHYA MARI, HISHINUMA TOMOMI, SHRECHAND JEEVANB, TADA TATSUYA, KIRIKAE TERUO. Highly Colistin-resistant Aeromonas jandaei from a Human Blood Sample. JUNTENDO IJI ZASSHI = JUNTENDO MEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 69:188-193. [PMID: 38855938 PMCID: PMC11153054 DOI: 10.14789/jmj.jmj22-0047-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Aeromonas species are Gram-negative rods known to cause infections such as gastroenteritis, bacteremia and wound infections. Colistin is one of few treatments for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. However, colistin-resistant bacteria carrying the mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) gene are a threat in healthcare settings worldwide. In recent years, colistin-resistant Aeromonas species have been detected in environmental and clinical samples. We analyzed the genomic characteristics of one highly colistin-resistant A. jandaei isolated from a blood sample in Nepal, which harbored four novel mcr-like genes on its chromosome. Our study strongly suggests that A. jandaei is a reservoir of colistin-resistant genes. Inappropriate use of drugs in medicine and food production should be reduced and continued global surveillance for colistin-resistant bacteria is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - TATSUYA TADA
- Corresponding author: Tatsuya Tada, Department of Microbiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan, TEL: +81-3-3803-3111(ext. 3529) FAX: +81-3-5684-7830 E-mail: , Research of the 6th Alumni Scientific Award for Medical Student, Juntendo University School of Medicine
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105
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Zhu Z, Wu S, Zhu J, Wang T, Wen Y, Yang C, Lv J, Zhang H, Chen L, Du H. Emergence of Aeromonas veronii strain co-harboring blaKPC-2, mcr-3.17, and tmexC3.2-tmexD3.3-toprJ1b cluster from hospital sewage in China. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1115740. [PMID: 37266015 PMCID: PMC10229833 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1115740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The raise of multi-drug resistant bacteria involving carbapenem, colistin, or tigecycline resistance constitutes a threat to public health, which partly results from the transmission of corresponding mobile resistance genes, such as blaKPC and blaNDM for carbapenem, mcr for colistin, and tmexCD-toprJ gene cluster for tigecycline. Herein, we described the emergence of an Aeromonas veronii strain HD6454 co-harboring blaKPC-2, mcr-3.17, and tmexC3.2-tmexD3.3-toprJ1b gene cluster from hospital sewage. Methods Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was used to determine the genome sequence of HD6454, and the detailed genomic analysis of genetic elements or regions carrying key antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) from HD6454 were performed. Cloning experiment was conducted to confirm the function of key ARGs in mediating antimicrobial resistance. Conjugation experiment was conducted to determine the mobility of the plasmid. Results The results showed that this strain belonged to a novel sequence type (ST) variant ST1016, and carried 18 important ARGs. Among them, the blaKPC-2 was carried by non-self-transmissible IncP-6 plasmid, while tmexC3.2-tmexD3.3-toprJ1b gene cluster and mcr-3.17 were carried by integrative and mobilizable element (IME) or IME-related region in chromosome. The mcr-3.17, mcr-3.6, and mcr-3-like3 genes were further inferred to originate from IMEs of Aeromonas species. Additionally, for the first time, the mcr-3.17 was confirmed to confer low-level resistance to colistin under inducible expression, while tmexC3.2-tmexD3.3-toprJ1b gene cluster was confirmed to confer low-level resistance to tigecycline. Discussion This is the first report of a strain co-harboring blaKPC-2, mcr-3.17, and tmexC3.2-tmexD3.3-toprJ1b gene cluster. Although the resistance and/or mobility of these ARGs are limited in this strain, the emergence of this multiple important ARGs-carrying strain deserves further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichen Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuhua Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yicheng Wen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengcheng Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinnan Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haifang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Hackensack Meridian Health Center for Discovery and Innovation, Nutley, NJ, United States
- Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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106
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Vethathirri RS, Santillan E, Thi SS, Hoon HY, Wuertz S. Microbial community-based production of single cell protein from soybean-processing wastewater of variable chemical composition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162241. [PMID: 36804981 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of food-processing wastewaters to produce microbial biomass-derived single cell protein (SCP) is a sustainable way to meet the global food demand. Microbial community-based approaches to SCP production have the potential benefits of lower costs and greater resource recovery compared to pure cultures, yet they have received scarce attention. Here, SCP production from soybean-processing wastewaters using their existent microbial communities was evaluated. Six sequencing batch reactors of 4.5-L working volume were operated at 30 °C for 34 d in cycles consisting of 3-h anaerobic and 9-h aerobic phases. Four reactors received no microbial inoculum and the remaining two were amended with 1.5 L of a mixed culture from a prior SCP production cycle. Reactors produced more SCP when fed with wastewaters of higher soluble total Kjeldahl nitrogen (sTKN) content. The protein yield in biomass ranged from 0.53 to 3.13 g protein/g sTKN, with a maximum protein content of 50 %. The average removal of soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) and soluble total nitrogen (sTN) was 92 % and 73 %, respectively. Distinct microbial genera were enriched in all six bioreactors, with Azospirillum, Rhodobacter, Lactococcus, and Novosphingobium dominating. The study showed that constituents in soybean wastewater can be converted to SCP and demonstrated the effect of variable influent wastewater composition on SCP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanujam Srinivasan Vethathirri
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Ezequiel Santillan
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
| | - Sara Swa Thi
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Hui Yi Hoon
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Stefan Wuertz
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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107
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Abdella B, Abozahra NA, Shokrak NM, Mohamed RA, El-Helow ER. Whole spectrum of Aeromonas hydrophila virulence determinants and the identification of novel SNPs using comparative pathogenomics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7712. [PMID: 37173388 PMCID: PMC10182093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34887-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a ubiquitous fish pathogen and an opportunistic human pathogen. It is mostly found in aquatic habitats, but it has also been isolated from food and bottled mineral waters. It causes hemorrhagic septicemia, ulcerative disease, and motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) in fish and other aquatic animals. Moreover, it might cause gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia in humans. Different variables influence A. hydrophila virulence, including the virulence genes expressed, host susceptibility, and environmental stresses. The identification of virulence factors for a bacterial pathogen will help in the development of preventive and control measures. 95 Aeromonas spp. genomes were examined in the current study, and 53 strains were determined to be valid A. hydrophila. These genomes were examined for pan- and core-genomes using a comparative genomics technique. A. hydrophila has an open pan-genome with 18,306 total genes and 1620 genes in its core-genome. In the pan-genome, 312 virulence genes have been detected. The effector delivery system category had the largest number of virulence genes (87), followed by immunological modulation and motility genes (69 and 46, respectively). This provides new insight into the pathogenicity of A. hydrophila. In the pan-genome, a few distinctive single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in four genes, namely: D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate 7-phosphatase, chemoreceptor glutamine deamidase, Spermidine N (1)-acetyltransferase, and maleylpyruvate isomerase, which are present in all A. hydrophila genomes, which make them molecular marker candidates for precise identification of A. hydrophila. Therefore, for precise diagnostic and discrimination results, we suggest these genes be considered when designing primers and probes for sequencing, multiplex-PCR, or real-time PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahaa Abdella
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Nourhan A Abozahra
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Nermeen M Shokrak
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Radi A Mohamed
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Ehab R El-Helow
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
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Aly SM, Eissa AE, Abdel-Razek N, El-Ramlawy AO. Chitosan nanoparticles and green synthesized silver nanoparticles as novel alternatives to antibiotics for preventing A.hydrophila subsp. hydrophila infection in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Int J Vet Sci Med 2023; 11:38-54. [PMID: 37179529 PMCID: PMC10167877 DOI: 10.1080/23144599.2023.2205338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, nanoparticles have attracted attention as a preventive tool for certain infectious diseases affecting fish in aquaculture. Furthermore, freshwater fishes are frequently vulnerable to summer mass morality caused by Aeromonas bacteria. In this regard, we focused on the evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of chitosan (CNPs) and silver (AgNPs) nanoparticles against Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. hydrophila. CNPs and AgNPs were prepared at a mean particle size of 9.03 and 12.8 nm and a charge equalled+36.4 and -19.3 mV for CNPs and AgNPs, respectively. A. hydrophila subsp. hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae, and Aeromonas punctata were retrieved and identified by traditional and molecular techniques. The sensitivity of the obtained bacteria to eight different antibiotic discs was also tested. The antibiotic sensitivity studies revealed the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Aeromonas species (spp.). The bacterium that showed the highest multidrug resistance against the tested antibiotic discs was Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. hydrophila. Therefore, CNPs and AgNPs were in vitro tested against the isolated bacterium and exhibited inhibition zones of 15 and 25 mm, respectively. TEM images also showed that CNPs and AgNPs had an antagonistic action against the same bacterium causing loss of architecture and bacterial death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah M Aly
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Alaa Eldin Eissa
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine & Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nashwa Abdel-Razek
- Department of Fish Health and Management, central laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Agriculture Research center, Sharqia, Egypt
| | - Asmaa O El-Ramlawy
- Department of Aquaculture Diseases Control, Fish Farming and Technology Institute, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Pessoa RBG, de Oliveira WF, Dos Santos Correia MT, Napoleão TH, Paiva PMG, Filho PEC, Fontes A, Coelho LCBB. Fluorescent nanoprobes based on quantum dots conjugated to cramoll to assess surface carbohydrates of Aeromonas spp. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130373. [PMID: 37137342 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The association of quantum dots (QDs) to carbohydrate-binding proteins - lectins - has revealed novel biotechnological strategies for glycobiology studies. Herein, carboxyl-coated QDs were conjugated by adsorption to Cramoll, a glucose/mannose lectin obtained from Cratylia mollis seeds. Then, the conjugates were optically characterized and used to evaluate the surface carbohydrate profiles of four Aeromonas species isolated from the tambaqui fish (Colossoma macropomum). All the Aeromonas cells were labeled by the conjugate. Inhibition assays with methyl-α-D-mannopyranoside and mannan were performed to confirm the labeling specificity. Cramoll-QDs conjugates presented high brightness and showed similar absorption and emission profiles compared to bare QDs. According to the labeling pattern of Aeromonas spp. by the conjugate, results suggested that A. jandaei and A. dhakensis strains may harbor a higher content of more complex glucose/mannose surface glycans, with more available sites for Cramoll-QDs interaction, than A. hydrophila and A. caviae. Noteworthy, the Cramoll-QDs conjugates demonstrated to be a potential tool for bacterial characterization based on superficial carbohydrate detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weslley Felix de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Henrique Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Euzébio Cabral Filho
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Adriana Fontes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Liang Q, Long R, Li S, Jiang C, Gao J, Cheng S, Liu Z, Ruan B. Bacterial diversity of middle ear cholesteatoma by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in China. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:138. [PMID: 37106264 PMCID: PMC10140134 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the bacterial diversity of acquired middle ear cholesteatoma (MEC) was evaluated to reveal its pathogenesis and provides a guide for the use of antibiotics. Twenty-nine cases of acquired MEC and eight cases of healthy middle ears undergoing cochlear implantation (CI) were evaluated. Full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to profile the bacterial communities in lesions and healthy tissues of the middle ear. ACE (P = 0.043) and Chao1 (P = 0.039) indices showed significant differences in alpha diversity (P < 0.05). Analysis of PERMANOVA/Anosim using the Bray-Curtis distance matrix results suggested that the between-group differences were greater than the within-group differences (R = 0.238, P < 0.05, R2 = 0.066, P < 0.05). Bacterial community analysis revealed that Alphaproteobacteria at the class level and Caulobacterales and Sphingomonadales at the order level were significantly different (P < 0.05). In the LefSe (Linear discriminant analysis effect size) analysis, Porphyromonas bennonis was elevated, and Bryum argenteum and unclassified Cyanobacteriales were reduced at the species level in MEC (P < 0.05). Fifteen metabolic pathways were found to be significantly different between the two groups by analysing the abundance of metabolic pathways in level 2 of the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Seven and eight metabolic pathways were significantly elevated in the MEC and control groups, respectively (P < 0.05). The role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of acquired MEC was further refined through analysis of metabolic pathways. These findings indicate that the acquired MEC and healthy middle ear contain more diverse microbial communities than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Ruiqing Long
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuling Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Chaowu Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Jingyu Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Sheng Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhuohui Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.
| | - Biao Ruan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.
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111
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Sun P, Zhang D, Li N, Li XF, Ma YH, Li H, Tian Y, Wang T, Siddiquid SA, Sun WW, Zhang L, Shan XF, Wang CF, Qian AD, Zhang DX. Transcriptomic insights into the immune response of the intestine to Aeromonas veronii infection in northern snakehead (Channa argus). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114825. [PMID: 36989948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal inflammation is a protective response that is implicated in bacterial enteritis triggered by gastrointestinal infection. The immune mechanisms elicited in teleost against the infection of Aeromonas veronii are largely unknown. In this study, we performed a de novo northern snakehead (Channa argus) transcriptome assembly using Illumina sequencing platform. On this basis we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of northern snakehead intestine from A. veronii-challenge and phosphate buffer solution (PBS)-challenge fish, and 2076 genes were up-regulated and 1598 genes were down-regulated in the intestines infected with A. veronii. The Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched to 27, 21 and 20 GO terms in biological process, cellular component, and molecular function, respectively. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that 420 DEGs were involved in 194 pathways. Moreover, 33 DEGs were selected for quantitative real-time PCR analysis to validate the RNA-seq data. The results reflected the consistency of the expression levels between qRT-PCR and RNA-seq data. In addition, a time-course analysis of the mRNA expression of 33 immune-related genes further indicated that the intestinal inflammation to A. veronii infection simultaneously regulated gene expression alterations. The present study provides transcriptome data of the teleost intestine, allowing us to understand the mechanisms of intestinal inflammation triggered by bacterial pathogens. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT: All data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and Supplementary files. The RNA-seq raw sequence data are available in NCBI short read archive (SRA) database under accession number PRJNA615958.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Na Li
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Mudanjiang, Mudanjiang 157020, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yi-Han Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ye Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | | | - Wu-Wen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Chun-Feng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ai-Dong Qian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Dong-Xing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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112
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Behera BK, Parida SN, Kumar V, Swain HS, Parida PK, Bisai K, Dhar S, Das BK. Aeromonas veronii Is a Lethal Pathogen Isolated from Gut of Infected Labeo rohita: Molecular Insight to Understand the Bacterial Virulence and Its Induced Host Immunity. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12040598. [PMID: 37111485 PMCID: PMC10143776 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A case of severe mortality in farmed Labeo rohita was investigated to characterize the causative agent. We identified the bacterial strain as Aeromonas veronii isolated from the gut of infected L. rohita by biochemical assay, scanning electron microscopy and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The in vivo challenge experiment showed that the LD50 of A. veronii was 2.2 × 104 CFU/fish. Virulence gene investigation revealed that the isolated A. veronii possesses Aerolysin, Cytotoxic enterotoxin, Serine protease, Dnase and Type III secretion system genes. The isolated strain was resistant to two antibiotics (ampicillin and dicloxacillin) while susceptible to 22 other antibiotics. The study further revealed that A. veronii induced both stresses along with non-specific and specific immune responses marked by elevated cortisol HSP70, HSP90 and IgM levels in the treated L. rohita fingerlings. Although the bacterial pathogen enhances the immune response, the negative effect on fish, including stress, and high mortality, create concern and a need for A. veronii management in L. rohita farms. The knowledge gained from this study would facilitate future research aimed at assessing the pathogenicity of A. veronii, with an emphasis on microbial disease management in other farmed fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijay Kumar Behera
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Satya Narayan Parida
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Vikash Kumar
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Himanshu Sekhar Swain
- Aquaculture Production and Environment Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751002, Orissa, India
| | - Pranaya Kumar Parida
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Kampan Bisai
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Souvik Dhar
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Basanta Kumar Das
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India
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113
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Kurzylewska M, Bomba A, Dworaczek K, Pękala-Safińska A, Turska-Szewczuk A. Structure and gene cluster annotation of the O-antigen of Aeromonas sobria strain K928 isolated from common carp and classified into the new Aeromonas PGO1 serogroup. Carbohydr Res 2023; 528:108809. [PMID: 37086562 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas sobria strain K928 was isolated from a common carp during a Motile Aeromonas Infection/Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia disease outbreak on a Polish fish farm and classified into the new provisional PGO1 serogroup. The lipopolysaccharide of A. sobria K928 was subjected to mild acid hydrolysis, and the O-specific polysaccharide, which was isolated by gel-permeation chromatography, was studied using sugar and methylation analyses and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The following structure of the branched O-specific polysaccharide repeating unit of A. sobria K928 was established. →2)[α-D-Fucp3NRHb-(1→3)]-α-L-Rhap-(1→3)-β-L-Rhap-(1→4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→3)-β-D-FucpNAc-(1→ The O-antigen gene cluster was identified and characterized in the genome of the A. sobria K928 strain after comparison with sequences in the available databases. The composition of the O-antigen genetic region was found to be consistent with the O-polysaccharide structure, and its organization was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kurzylewska
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Bomba
- Department of Omics Analyses, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dworaczek
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pękala-Safińska
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 35, 60-637, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Turska-Szewczuk
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
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114
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Ortega RCMH, Tabugo SRM, Martinez JGT, Padasas CS, Balcázar JL. Occurrence of Aeromonas Species in the Cutaneous Mucus of Barbour’s Seahorses (Hippocampus barbouri) as Revealed by High-Throughput Sequencing. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13071241. [PMID: 37048497 PMCID: PMC10092988 DOI: 10.3390/ani13071241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although several studies have described the bacterial community composition associated with marine fish, there is limited information related to seahorses. Moreover, previous studies have demonstrated that the skin microbiota is useful for determining health status and common disorders in the host. This study, therefore, aimed to explore the skin bacterial community composition in Barbour’s seahorse (Hippocampus barbouri) using high-throughput sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA genes. Water and sediment samples from the surrounding environment were also analyzed for comparative purposes. The results revealed that sequences affiliated with the Shewanellaceae family were dominant in the skin of female Barbour’s seahorses and sediment samples, whereas sequences affiliated with the Bacillaceae family were dominant in the skin of male Barbour’s seahorses. Interestingly, sequences affiliated with the Aeromonas genus were found in the skin of Barbour’s seahorses, whose abundance was slightly similar between the female and male specimens. Further comparative analysis showed that the presence of Aeromonas species in the skin of Barbour’s seahorses was strongly influenced by the surrounding sediment. Given that some Aeromonas species are known to be important pathogens in humans and fish, these results may be used for further research on the dependency of the skin microbial composition on the environment as well as determine whether the presence of Aeromonas and other detected species has implications on seahorse health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Chinly Mae H. Ortega
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University—Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
- Molecular Systematics and Oceanography Laboratory, Premier Research Institute of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao State University—Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
| | - Sharon Rose M. Tabugo
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University—Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
- Molecular Systematics and Oceanography Laboratory, Premier Research Institute of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao State University—Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
| | - Joey Genevieve T. Martinez
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University—Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
- Mathematical Biology and Nematology Research Cluster, Complex Systems Group, Premier Research Institute of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao State University—Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
| | - Chinee S. Padasas
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University—Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
- Molecular Systematics and Oceanography Laboratory, Premier Research Institute of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao State University—Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
| | - José L. Balcázar
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), 17003 Girona, Spain
- University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain
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115
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Cardozo F, Feitosa V, Pillaca-Pullo O, Pessoa A. Endochitinase and Chitobiosidase Production by Marine Aeromonas caviae CHZ306: Establishment of Nitrogen Supplementation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040431. [PMID: 37106618 PMCID: PMC10136300 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas caviae CHZ306, a marine-derived bacterium isolated from zooplankton, can use chitin (a polymer of a β-(1,4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) as a carbon source. The chitin is hydrolyzed by chitinolytic enzymes, namely endochitinases and exochitinases (chitobiosidase and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase). Indeed, the chitinolytic pathway is initiated by the coexpression of the enzymes endochitinase (EnCh) and chitobiosidase (ChB); however, few studies, including biotechnological production of these enzymes, have been reported, although chitosaccharide are helpful in several industries, such as cosmetics. This study demonstrates the potential to maximize the simultaneous EnCh and ChB production by nitrogen supplementation on culture media. Twelve different nitrogen supplementation sources (inorganic and organic) previously analyzed in elemental composition (carbon and nitrogen) were tested and evaluated in the Erlenmeyer flask culture of A. caviae CHZ306 for EnCh and ChB expression. None of the nutrients inhibited bacterial growth, and the maximum activity in both EnCh and ChB was observed at 12 h, using corn-steep solids and peptone A. Corn-steep solids and peptone A were then combined at three ratios (1:1, 1:2, and 2:1) to maximize the production. The high activities for EnCh (30.1 U.L−1) and ChB (21.3 U.L−1) were obtained with 2:1 corn-steep solids and peptone A, corresponding to more than 5- and 3-fold enhancement, respectively, compared to the control condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Cardozo
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Valker Feitosa
- Departamento de Tecnologia Bioquímico-Farmacêutica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Omar Pillaca-Pullo
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad para la Salud, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima 15046, Peru
| | - Adalberto Pessoa
- Departamento de Tecnologia Bioquímico-Farmacêutica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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116
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Greene G, Koolman L, Whyte P, Burgess C, Bolton D. The Gut Microbiota of Broilers Reared with and without Antibiotic Treatment. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040876. [PMID: 37110298 PMCID: PMC10143014 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the microbiota in broilers reared with and without antibiotics and to investigate differences between the upper, middle and lower sections of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). One of two commercial flocks was treated with an antibiotic (T) (20 mg trimethoprim and 100 mg sulfamethoxazole per ml in the drinking water for 3 days) and the other was left untreated (UT). The GIT contents of 51 treated and untreated birds were aseptically removed from the upper (U), middle (M) and lower (L) sections. These were pooled in triplicate (n = 17 per section per flock), the DNA extracted and purified, 16S amplicon metagenomic sequencing performed and the resultant data analysed using a range of bioinformatics software. There were significant differences in the microbiota of the upper, middle and lower GIT, and treatment with the antibiotic significantly affected the microbiota in each of these sections. This study provides new data on broiler GIT microbiota and suggests that GIT location is a more important determinant of the constituent bacterial flora rather than the use or otherwise of antimicrobial treatments, at least when applied early in the production cycle.
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117
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Sherif AH, Kassab AS. Multidrug-resistant Aeromonas bacteria prevalence in Nile tilapia broodstock. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:80. [PMID: 36959570 PMCID: PMC10037768 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02827-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aeromonas hydrophila is an opportunistic pathogen. Thus, it has received significant attention mainly in the fish sectors with high production scales. Nile tilapia broodstock confined in the environment of fish hatcheries can be stressed. Hence, they are vulnerable to A. hydrophila. RESULTS Sequencing of the gyr B gene revealed the presence of 18 different A. hydrophila strains (kdy 10,620-10,637), which were deposited in the NCBI under accession numbers ON745861-ON745878. The median lethal doses of the isolates ranged from 2.62 × 104 to 3.02 × 106 CFU/mL. Antibiotic resistant genes, sulfonamide (sul1) and tetracycline (tetA) were found in the eighteen isolates. Approximately 83.3% of A. hydrophila strains were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and florfenicol. Further, eight A. hydrophila strains had high MDR indices at 0.27-0.45. All isolates presented with hemolysin activity. However, only 72.22% of them had proteolytic activity, and only 61.11% could form biofilms. Bacterial isolates harbored different pattern virulence genes, the heat-stable cytotonic enterotoxin (ast), cytotoxic enterotoxin (act), and hemolysin (hly) genes were the most prevalent. Also, a trial to inhibit bacterial growth was conducted using titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) with three sizes (13, 32, and 123 nm). If A. hydrophila strains with a high MDR index were tested against TiO2 NPs (20 µg/mL) for 1, 12, and 24 h, those with a small size had a greater bactericidal action than large ones. Bacterial strains were inhibited at different percentages in response to TiO2 NP treatment. CONCLUSIONS Nile tilapia broodstock, mortality is associated with different A. hydrophila strains, which harbored virulent and MDR genes. Furthermore, TiO2 NPs had bactericidal activity, thereby resulting in a considerable reduction in bacterial load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Sherif
- Fish Disease Department, Animal Health Research Institute AHRI, Agriculture Research Center ARC, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Amina S Kassab
- Fish Disease Department, Animal Health Research Institute AHRI, Agriculture Research Center ARC, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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118
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Ma X, Hu K, Xiong Y, Li H, Li J, Tang Y, Liu Z. Local Regulator AcrR Regulates Persister Formation by Repression of AcrAB Efflux Pump during Exponential Growth in Aeromonas veronii. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0096922. [PMID: 36853030 PMCID: PMC10019292 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00969-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial persisters refer to a small fraction of dormant variants that survive treatment with high concentrations of antibiotics. Increasing research indicates that multidrug efflux pumps play a major role in persister formation in many Gram-negative organisms. In the present study, the roles of the repressor of the AcrAB efflux pump, AcrR, in the regulation of the activity and function of the efflux, as well as in the production of persisters, were investigated in the pathogen Aeromonas veronii, which causes huge economic losses in the aquatic industry and threatens human health. We observed that exclusively in exponential-phase cells, not in stationary-phase cells, the deletion of the acrR gene significantly (P < 0.05) promoted the expression of the acrA and acrB genes and reduced the intracellular accumulation of the efflux substrate Hoechst 33342. Moreover, overexpression of acrR triggered decreased transcription of the promoter of the acrAB operon. The persister assay indicated that the loss of the AcrAB pump decreased the formation of persisters under challenge with all tested antibiotic types of chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolone, tetracycline, and β-lactam, while deletion of acrR caused an exponential-phase-specific increase in persister formation against chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and β-lactam. Our results provide molecular insights into the mechanism of bacterial persistence by demonstrating for the first time that the local regulator AcrR is involved in the modulation of persister formation in A. veronii through its repressive activity on the function of the AcrAB efflux pump during the exponential growth period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Kang Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuesheng Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yanqiong Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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119
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Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Resistance of Aeromonas Strains Isolated from Fresh Produce and Irrigation Water. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030511. [PMID: 36978377 PMCID: PMC10044025 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Aeromonas has received constant attention in different areas, from aquaculture and veterinary medicine to food safety, where more and more frequent isolates are occurring with increased resistance to antibiotics. The present paper studied the interaction of Aeromonas strains isolated from fresh produce and water with different eukaryotic cell types with the aim of better understanding the cytotoxic capacity of these strains. To study host-cell pathogen interactions in Aeromonas, we used HT-29, Vero, J774A.1, and primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. These interactions were analyzed by confocal microscopy to determine the cytotoxicity of the strains. We also used Galleria mellonella larvae to test their pathogenicity in this experimental model. Our results demonstrated that two strains showed high cytotoxicity in epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages. Furthermore, these strains showed high virulence using the G. mellonella model. All strains used in this paper generally showed low levels of resistance to the different families of the antibiotics being tested. These results indicated that some strains of Aeromonas present in vegetables and water pose a potential health hazard, displaying very high in vitro and in vivo virulence. This pathogenic potential, and some recent concerning findings on antimicrobial resistance in Aeromonas, encourage further efforts in examining the precise significance of Aeromonas strains isolated from foods for human consumption.
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120
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Drk S, Puljko A, Dželalija M, Udiković-Kolić N. Characterization of Third Generation Cephalosporin- and Carbapenem-Resistant Aeromonas Isolates from Municipal and Hospital Wastewater. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030513. [PMID: 36978380 PMCID: PMC10044312 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance (AR) remains one of the greatest threats to global health, and Aeromonas species have the potential to spread AR in the aquatic environment. The spread of resistance to antibiotics important to human health, such as third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) and carbapenems, is of great concern. We isolated and identified 15 cefotaxime (3GC)- and 51 carbapenem-resistant Aeromonas spp. from untreated hospital and treated municipal wastewater in January 2020. The most common species were Aeromonas caviae (58%), A. hydrophila (17%), A. media (11%), and A. veronii (11%). Almost all isolates exhibited a multidrug-resistant phenotype and harboured a diverse plasmidome, with the plasmid replicons ColE, IncU, and IncR being the most frequently detected. The most prevalent carbapenemase gene was the plasmid-associated blaKPC-2 and, for the first time, the blaVIM-2, blaOXA-48, and blaIMP-13 genes were identified in Aeromonas spp. Among the 3GC-resistant isolates, the blaGES-5 and blaMOX genes were the most prevalent. Of the 10 isolates examined, three were capable of transferring carbapenem resistance to susceptible recipient E. coli. Our results suggest that conventionally treated municipal and untreated hospital wastewater is a reservoir for 3GC- and carbapenem-resistant, potentially harmful Aeromonas spp. that can be introduced into aquatic systems and pose a threat to both the environment and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Drk
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Puljko
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mia Dželalija
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21 000 Split, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Udiković-Kolić
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 002 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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Isolation and characterization of Aeromonas hydrophila lytic phage, and evaluation of a phage cocktail against A. hydrophila contamination in fish fillet. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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122
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Cheng Z, Zhao X, Jiang X, Zhang J, Li L, Pei C, Zhou Y, Zeng L, Kong X. Contribution of flagellar cap gene in virulence and pathogenicity of Aeromonas veronii. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2023; 46:247-259. [PMID: 36515399 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is an important zoonotic and aquatic pathogen that causes a number of illnesses in both humans and animals. It is related to gastroenteritis, skin and soft tissue infections and bacteremia in humans, as well as causing significant economic losses in aquaculture owing to fish sepsis. Here, we constructed the flagellar cap gene (fliD) mutant strain of A. veronii by suicide plasmid-mediated homologous recombination system and analysed its characteristics. It was found that the deletion of fliD had no effect on growth and biochemical properties and could be inherited stably. However, the motility of A. veronii ΔfliD was significantly reduced, the flagellum was defective and the biofilm formation was attenuated compared with that of A. veronii wild-type strain. In vivo experiments revealed that the colonization capacity of ΔfliD was significantly lower than that of the wild-type strain in the period of first 24 h, and the median lethal dose (LD50 ) was 56 times higher than that of the wild-type strain. The Cyprinus carpio infected with the wild-type strain indicated faster death speed and more severe clinical signs compared to ΔfliD strain. These results suggest that fliD is closely related to the virulence of A. veronii and plays an important role in pathogenicity, providing the foundation for pathogenic mechanism studies of A. veronii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Cheng
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xianliang Zhao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Li Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Chao Pei
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xianghui Kong
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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Milligan EG, Calarco J, Davis BC, Keenum IM, Liguori K, Pruden A, Harwood VJ. A Systematic Review of Culture-Based Methods for Monitoring Antibiotic-Resistant Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, and Pseudomonas as Environmentally Relevant Pathogens in Wastewater and Surface Water. Curr Environ Health Rep 2023:10.1007/s40572-023-00393-9. [PMID: 36821031 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-023-00393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mounting evidence indicates that habitats such as wastewater and environmental waters are pathways for the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and mobile antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). We identified antibiotic-resistant members of the genera Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, and Pseudomonas as key opportunistic pathogens that grow or persist in built (e.g., wastewater) or natural aquatic environments. Effective methods for monitoring these ARB in the environment are needed to understand their influence on dissemination of ARB and ARGs, but standard methods have not been developed. This systematic review considers peer-reviewed papers where the ARB above were cultured from wastewater or surface water, focusing on the accuracy of current methodologies. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies suggest that many clinically important ARGs were originally acquired from environmental microorganisms. Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, and Pseudomonas species are of interest because their ability to persist and grow in the environment provides opportunities to engage in horizontal gene transfer with other environmental bacteria. Pathogenic strains of these organisms resistant to multiple, clinically relevant drug classes have been identified as an urgent threat. However, culture methods for these bacteria were generally developed for clinical samples and are not well-vetted for environmental samples. The search criteria yielded 60 peer-reviewed articles over the past 20 years, which reported a wide variety of methods for isolation, confirmation, and antibiotic resistance assays. Based on a systematic comparison of the reported methods, we suggest a path forward for standardizing methodologies for monitoring antibiotic resistant strains of these bacteria in water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin G Milligan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.,Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-Borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Jeanette Calarco
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Benjamin C Davis
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Ishi M Keenum
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Krista Liguori
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Amy Pruden
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA. .,Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-Borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Valerie J Harwood
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
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Wang X, Wang Z, Cao J, Dong Y, Chen Y. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites mediate the neuroprotective effect of melatonin in cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:17. [PMID: 36721179 PMCID: PMC9887785 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sleep loss is a serious global health concern. Consequences include memory deficits and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Our previous research showed that melatonin can effectively improve cognitive impairment and intestinal microbiota disturbances caused by sleep deprivation (SD). The present study further explored the mechanism by which exogenous melatonin prevents SD-induced cognitive impairments. Here, we established fecal microbiota transplantation, Aeromonas colonization and LPS or butyrate supplementation tests to evaluate the role of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites in melatonin in alleviating SD-induced memory impairment. RESULTS: Transplantation of the SD-gut microbiota into normal mice induced microglia overactivation and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus, cognitive decline, and colonic microbiota disorder, manifesting as increased levels of Aeromonas and LPS and decreased levels of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136 and butyrate. All these events were reversed with the transplantation of SD + melatonin-gut microbiota. Colonization with Aeromonas and the addition of LPS produced an inflammatory response in the hippocampus and spatial memory impairment in mice. These changes were reversed by supplementation with melatonin, accompanied by decreased levels of Aeromonas and LPS. Butyrate administration to sleep-deprived mice restored inflammatory responses and memory impairment. In vitro, LPS supplementation caused an inflammatory response in BV2 cells, which was improved by butyrate supplementation. This ameliorative effect of butyrate was blocked by pretreatment with MCT1 inhibitor and HDAC3 agonist but was mimicked by TLR4 and p-P65 antagonists. CONCLUSIONS: Gut microbes and their metabolites mediate the ameliorative effects of melatonin on SD-induced cognitive impairment. A feasible mechanism is that melatonin downregulates the levels of Aeromonas and constituent LPS and upregulates the levels of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136 and butyrate in the colon. These changes lessen the inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus through crosstalk between the TLR4/NF-κB and MCT1/ HDAC3 signaling pathways. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Wang
- Neurobiology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 China
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zixu Wang
- Neurobiology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jing Cao
- Neurobiology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yulan Dong
- Neurobiology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yaoxing Chen
- Neurobiology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 China
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 China
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125
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Li L, Huang J, Xu L, Wang G, Xiao S, Xia Z, Qin Q, Li Y, Ji S. Severe skin and soft tissue infection in the left upper limb caused by Aeromonas veronii: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2023; 17:29. [PMID: 36710352 PMCID: PMC9885561 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-03770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skin and soft tissue infections are common because of exposure to aquatic environment, while severe infections caused by Aeromonas veronii are rare. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case of severe skin and soft tissue infection of the left upper limb caused by Aeromonas veronii. A 50-year-old Chinese woman, who had a history of cardiac disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, accidentally injured her left thumb while cutting a fish. Early antibiotic therapy and surgical debridement was performed before the result of bacterial culture came back. Whole-genome sequencing was further performed to confirm the pathogen and reveal the drug resistance and virulence genes. The wound was gradually repaired after 1 month of treatment, and the left hand recovered well in appearance and function after 3 months of rehabilitation. CONCLUSION Early diagnosis, surgical intervention, and administration of appropriate antibiotics are crucial for patients who are suspected of having skin and soft tissue infection, or septicemia caused by Aeromonas veronii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhui Li
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Burns, Burn Institute of PLA, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Jie Huang
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Burns, Burn Institute of PLA, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Long Xu
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Burns, Burn Institute of PLA, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Guangyi Wang
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Burns, Burn Institute of PLA, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Shichu Xiao
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Burns, Burn Institute of PLA, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Zhaofan Xia
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Burns, Burn Institute of PLA, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Qin Qin
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Yazhou Li
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Shizhao Ji
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Burns, Burn Institute of PLA, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433 China
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126
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Isolation and Identification of Aeromonas veronii in Sheep with Fatal Infection in China: A Case Report. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020333. [PMID: 36838298 PMCID: PMC9961254 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the findings of a sheep breeding farm in Shaanxi, China, 2.53% (15/594) of sheep exhibited respiratory (clinical) symptoms such as dyspnoea, nasal discharge, wet cough, fever, and progressive emaciation. Although multi-drug treatment strategies (including ampicillin, tylosin, florfenicol, and ceftiofur) have been attempted to improve clinical outcomes, they have only been met with limited success, with a mortality rate of 40%. Ultimately, Aeromonas veronii (A. veronii) was identified as the causative pathogen for respiratory disease. The rates of symptomatic and asymptomatic sheep positive to A. veronii were 64.28% (95% CI 52.25-76.31%) and 8.02% (95% CI 6.96-9.08%), respectively. Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that the A. veronii is pathogenic to sheep and mice. The results of the antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed that the strain was sensitive to cefotaxime, gentamicin, and enrofloxacin and resistant to ampicillin, ceftiofur, amoxicillin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, florfenicol, and tylosin. We suggest that the combination of cefotaxime and gentamicin is an effective treatment based on the results of an antimicrobial susceptibility test, which exhibited good therapeutic efficacy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in which pathogenic A. veronii has been documented as the cause of death in sheep in China. We concluded that pathogenic A. veronii poses a potential risk to the industry of sheep husbandry. This study's findings can help guide prevention and treatment plans for A. veronii infection in sheep.
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Bartie KL, Ngô TPH, Bekaert M, Hoang Oanh DT, Hoare R, Adams A, Desbois AP. Aeromonas hydrophila ST251 and Aeromonas dhakensis are major emerging pathogens of striped catfish in Vietnam. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1067235. [PMID: 36794008 PMCID: PMC9924233 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1067235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aeromonads are ubiquitous in aquatic environments and several species are opportunistic pathogens of fish. Disease losses caused by motile Aeromonas species, particularly Aeromonas hydrophila, can be challenging in intensive aquaculture, such as at striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) farms in Vietnam. Outbreaks require antibiotic treatments, but their application is undesirable due to risks posed by resistance. Vaccines are an attractive prophylactic and they must protect against the prevalent strains responsible for ongoing outbreaks. Methods This present study aimed to characterize A. hydrophila strains associated with mortalities in striped catfish culture in the Mekong Delta by a polyphasic genotyping approach, with a view to developing more effective vaccines. Results During 2013-2019, 345 presumptive Aeromonas spp. isolates were collected at farms in eight provinces. Repetitive element sequence-based PCR, multi-locus sequence typing and whole-genome sequencing revealed most of the suspected 202 A. hydrophila isolates to belong to ST656 (n = 151), which corresponds to the closely-related species Aeromonas dhakensis, with a lesser proportion belonging to ST251 (n = 51), a hypervirulent lineage (vAh) of A. hydrophila already causing concern in global aquaculture. The A. dhakensis ST656 and vAh ST251 isolates from outbreaks possessed unique gene sets compared to published A. dhakensis and vAh ST251 genomes, including antibiotic-resistance genes. The sharing of resistance determinants to sulphonamides (sul1) and trimethoprim (dfrA1) suggests similar selection pressures acting on A. dhakensis ST656 and vAh ST251 lineages. The earliest isolate (a vAh ST251 from 2013) lacked most resistance genes, suggesting relatively recent acquisition and selection, and this underscores the need to reduce antibiotics use where possible to prolong their effectiveness. A novel PCR assay was designed and validated to distinguish A. dhakensis and vAh ST251 strains. Discussion This present study highlights for the first time A. dhakensis, a zoonotic species that can cause fatal human infection, to be an emerging pathogen in aquaculture in Vietnam, with widespread distribution in recent outbreaks of motile Aeromonas septicaemia in striped catfish. It also confirms vAh ST251 to have been present in the Mekong Delta since at least 2013. Appropriate isolates of A. dhakensis and vAh should be included in vaccines to prevent outbreaks and reduce the threat posed by antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry L. Bartie
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Thao P. H. Ngô
- Aquacultural Biotechnology Division, Biotechnology Center of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Michaël Bekaert
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rowena Hoare
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Adams
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P. Desbois
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
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Hu X, Zhang H, Liu Y, Liu X, Qiao J, Ge H, Zhao J, Ma X, Chen M, Liu R. Genetic characterization and virulence determinants of multidrug-resistant NDM-1-producing Aeromonas caviae. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1055654. [PMID: 36726560 PMCID: PMC9885098 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1055654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of carbapenemase significantly threatens public health. It is prevalent worldwide but rare in Aeromonas caviae. Unlike most bacterial species, A. caviae has two distinct flagella systems, which are closely related to biofilm formation. The ability to form biofilms on host tissues or inert surfaces constitutes an important cause of many persistent infections, which causes difficulties in clinical treatment. Here, we report on a multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. caviae carrying bla NDM-1 with a novel sequence type 1,416. The strong ability of biofilm formation of FAHZZU2447 was verified by a crystal violet assay. The resistome profile and location of the bla NDM-1 gene were determined by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, S1 nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (S1-PFGE), and Southern blot analysis. Moreover, the strain underwent whole-genome sequencing to identify its genomic characteristics. In addition, the bla NDM-1 gene was located on a ∼243 kb plasmid with genetic context IS1R-bla NDM-1-ble-trpF-dsbD-hp-sul1-qacE. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the transmission of A. caviae in China, Japan, and Thailand. Our study aimed to elucidate the genomic features of bla NDM-1-producing A. caviae, thereby clarifying the distribution of A. caviae worldwide and emphasizing the harmfulness of biofilm formation to the clinic. Further comprehensive surveillance of this species is needed to control further dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjun Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China,Xinjun Hu,
| | - Huanran Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Department of Structure and Morphology, Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junhui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Mantao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Mantao Chen,
| | - Ruishan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Ruishan Liu,
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Mahmud ML, Islam S, Biswas S, Mortuza MG, Paul GK, Uddin MS, Akhtar-E-Ekram M, Saleh MA, Zaman S, Syed A, Elgorban AM, Zaghloul NSS. Klebsiella pneumoniae Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Protect Artemia salina from Fish Pathogen Aeromonas sp.: A Combined In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Approach. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010172. [PMID: 36677466 PMCID: PMC9862385 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an alarming threat all over the world, and the biofilm formation efficacy of bacteria is making the situation worse. The antagonistic efficacy of Klebsiella pneumoniae against one of the known fish pathogens, Aeromonas sp., is examined in this study. Moreover, Aeromonas sp.'s biofilm formation ability and in vivo pathogenicity on Artemia salina are also justified here. Firstly, six selected bacterial strains were used to obtain antimicrobial compounds against this pathogenic strain. Among those, Klebsiella pneumoniae, another pathogenic bacterium, surprisingly demonstrated remarkable antagonistic activity against Aeromonas sp. in both in vitro and in vivo assays. The biofilm distrusting potentiality of Klebsiella pneumoniae's cell-free supernatants (CFSs) was likewise found to be around 56%. Furthermore, the volatile compounds of Klebsiella pneumoniae were identified by GC-MS in order to explore compounds with antibacterial efficacy against Aeromonas sp. through an in silico study, where 5'-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase (MTAN) (PDB: 5B7P) was chosen as a target protein for its unique characteristics and pathogenicity. Several volatile compounds, such as oxime- methoxy-phenyl-, fluoren-9-ol, 3,6-dimethoxy-9-(2-phenylethynyl)-, and 2H-indol-2-one, 1,3-dihydro- showed a strong binding affinity, with free energy of -6.7, -7.1, and -6.4 Kcal/mol, respectively, in complexes with the protein MTAN. Moreover, the root-mean-square deviation, solvent-accessible surface area, radius of gyration, root-mean-square fluctuations, and hydrogen bonds were used to ensure the binding stability of the docked complexes in the atomistic simulation. Thus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and its potential compounds can be employed as an alternative to antibiotics for aquaculture, demonstrating their effectiveness in suppressing Aeromonas sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Liton Mahmud
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Shirmin Islam
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Suvro Biswas
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Golam Mortuza
- Department of Science and Humanities, Bangladesh Army International University of Science and Technology, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh
| | - Gobindo Kumar Paul
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
- Bangladesh Reference Institute for Chemical Measurements (BRICM), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Salah Uddin
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Akhtar-E-Ekram
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abu Saleh
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shahriar Zaman
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf S. S. Zaghloul
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1FD, UK
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130
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Kijewska A, Koroza A, Grudlewska-Buda K, Kijewski T, Wiktorczyk-Kapischke N, Zorena K, Skowron K. Molluscs-A ticking microbial bomb. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1061223. [PMID: 36699600 PMCID: PMC9868776 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1061223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bivalve shellfish consumption (ark shells, clams, cockles, and oysters) has increased over the last decades. Following this trend, infectious disease outbreaks associated with their consumption have been reported more frequently. Molluscs are a diverse group of organisms found wild and farmed. They are common on our tables, but unfortunately, despite their great taste, they can also pose a threat as a potential vector for numerous species of pathogenic microorganisms. Clams, in particular, might be filled with pathogens because of their filter-feeding diet. This specific way of feeding favors the accumulation of excessive amounts of pathogenic microorganisms like Vibrio spp., including Vibrio cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Arcobacter spp., and fecal coliforms, and intestinal enterococci. The problems of pathogen dissemination and disease outbreaks caused by exogenous bacteria in many geographical regions quickly became an unwanted effect of globalized food supply chains, global climate change, and natural pathogen transmission dynamics. Moreover, some pathogens like Shewanella spp., with high zoonotic potential, are spreading worldwide along with food transport. These bacteria, contained in food, are also responsible for the potential transmission of antibiotic-resistance genes to species belonging to the human microbiota. Finally, they end up in wastewater, thus colonizing new areas, which enables them to introduce new antibiotic-resistance genes (ARG) into the environment and extend the existing spectrum of ARGs already present in local biomes. Foodborne pathogens require modern methods of detection. Similarly, detecting ARGs is necessary to prevent resistance dissemination in new environments, thus preventing future outbreaks, which could threaten associated consumers and workers in the food processing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kijewska
- Department of Immunobiology and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Koroza
- Department of Climate and Ocean Research and Education Laboratory, Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Science, Sopot, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grudlewska-Buda
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kijewski
- Department of Climate and Ocean Research and Education Laboratory, Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Science, Sopot, Poland
| | - Natalia Wiktorczyk-Kapischke
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zorena
- Department of Immunobiology and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Skowron
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland,*Correspondence: Krzysztof Skowron,
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Zhang Y, Xie Z, Zhou J, Li Y, Ning C, Su Q, Ye L, Ai S, Lai J, Pan P, Liu N, Liao Y, Su Q, Li Z, Liang H, Cui P, Huang J. The altered metabolites contributed by dysbiosis of gut microbiota are associated with microbial translocation and immune activation during HIV infection. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1020822. [PMID: 36685491 PMCID: PMC9845923 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1020822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The immune activation caused by microbial translocation has been considered to be a major driver of HIV infection progression. The dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been demonstrated in HIV infection, but the interplay between gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis of HIV is seldom reported. Methods We conducted a case-controlled study including 41 AIDS patients, 39 pre-AIDS patients and 34 healthy controls. Both AIDS group and pre-AIDS group were divided according to clinical manifestations and CD4 + T cell count. We collected stool samples for 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analysis, and examined immune activation and microbial translocation for blood samples. Results The pre-AIDS and AIDS groups had higher levels of microbial translocation and immune activation. There were significant differences in gut microbiota and metabolites at different stages of HIV infection. Higher abundances of pathogenic bacteria or opportunistic pathogen, as well as lower abundances of butyrate-producing bacteria and bacteria with anti-inflammatory potential were associated with HIV severity. The metabolism of tryptophan was disordered after HIV infection. Lower level of anti-inflammatory metabolites and phosphonoacetate, and higher level of phenylethylamine and polyamines were observed in HIV infection. And microbial metabolic pathways related to altered metabolites differed. Moreover, disrupted metabolites contributed by altered microbiota were found to be correlated to microbial translocation and immune activation. Conclusions Metabolites caused by dysbiosis of gut microbiota and related metabolic function are correlated to immune activation and microbial translocation, suggesting that the effect of microbiota on metabolites is related to intestinal barrier disruption in HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Zhiman Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Chuanyi Ning
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
| | - Qisi Su
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Sufang Ai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Jingzhen Lai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Peijiang Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ningmei Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Yanyan Liao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qijian Su
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Zhuoxin Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ping Cui
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiegang Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Hiding in Plain Sight: Characterization of Aeromonas Species Isolated from a Recreational Estuary Reveals the Carriage and Putative Dissemination of Resistance Genes. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010084. [PMID: 36671285 PMCID: PMC9854640 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become one of the greatest challenges worldwide, hampering the treatment of a plethora of infections. Indeed, the AMR crisis poses a threat to the achievement of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals and, due to its multisectoral character, a holistic approach is needed to tackle this issue. Thus, the investigation of environments beyond the clinic is of utmost importance. Here, we investigated thirteen strains of antimicrobial-resistant Aeromonas isolated from an urban estuary in Brazil. Most strains carried at least one antimicrobial resistance gene and 11 carried at least one heavy metal resistance gene. Noteworthy, four (30.7%) strains carried the blaKPC gene, coding for a carbapenemase. In particular, the whole-genome sequence of Aeromonas hydrophila strain 34SFC-3 was determined, revealing not only the presence of antimicrobial and heavy metal resistance genes but also a versatile virulome repertoire. Mobile genetic elements, including insertion sequences, transposons, integrative conjugative elements, and an IncQ1 plasmid were also detected. Considering the ubiquity of Aeromonas species, their genetic promiscuity, pathogenicity, and intrinsic features to endure environmental stress, our findings reinforce the concept that A. hydrophila truly is a "Jack of all trades'' that should not be overlooked under the One Health perspective.
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Luo X, Yin Z, Yu L, Zhang J, Hu D, Xu M, Wang P, Wang F, Feng J. Genomic analysis of chromosomal cointegrated bla NDM-1-carrying ICE and bla RSA-1-carrying IME from clinical multidrug resistant Aeromonas caviae. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1131059. [PMID: 37033477 PMCID: PMC10076717 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1131059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study is to thoroughly analyze the detailed genomic characteristics of clinical strain 211703 of Aeromonas caviae, which co-carrying bla RSA-1 and bla NDM-1 genes. 211703 was isolated from the patient's cerebrospinal fluid drainage sample in a Chinese tertiary hospital. Methods Carbapenemase NDM was detected by the immunocolloidal gold technique. The MIC values were determined by VITEK2. The whole genome sequence of 211703 was analyzed using phylogenetics, genomic comparison, and extensive dissection. Results This study revealed that 211703 only contained a single 4.78 Mb chromosome (61.8% GC content), and no plasmids were discovered in 211703. 15 different types of resistant genes were detected in the genome of 211703, including bla RSA-1 harbored on integrative and mobilizable element (IME) Tn7413a, and bla NDM-1 harbored on integrative and conjugative element (ICE). The ICE and IME were all carried on the chromosome of 211703 (c211703). Detailed comparison of related IMEs/ICEs showed that they shared similar conserved backbone regions, respectively. Comprehensive annotation revealed that bla RSA-1 was carried by the gene cassette of a novel integron In2148 on Tn7413a, and bla NDM-1 was captured by an insertion sequence ISCR14-like on the ICE of 211703. We speculated that mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as ICE and IME facilitated the spread of resistance genes such as bla RSA-1 and bla NDM-1. Discussion In conclusion, this study provides an overall understanding of the genomic characterization of clinically isolated A. caviae 211703, and an in-depth discussion of multiple acquisition methods of drug resistance genes in Aeromonas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of A. caviae carrying bla RSA-1 even both bla RSA-1 and bla NDM-1, and this is the first bacterium carrying bla RSA-1 isolated from the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhe Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lianhua Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Dakang Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Mengqiao Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Fengling Wang
- Nanxiang Branch of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jiao Feng, ; Fengling Wang,
| | - Jiao Feng
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Jiao Feng, ; Fengling Wang,
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Detection of changes in biological characteristics of Aeromonas veronii TH0426 after deletion of lsrB gene by homologous recombination. Microb Pathog 2023; 174:105938. [PMID: 36526036 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is a widespread pathogenic microorganism that can infect humans, animals, and a variety of aquatilia, at the same time, can cause diseases, mainly sepsis and ulcer syndrome. In this research, we first deleted the gene of lsrB's nucleotide sequences by homologous recombination. The results showed that the median lethal dose (LD50) of the mutant strain (ΔlsrB) for zebrafish was 1.28-times higher than that of the TH0426 strain. The toxicity of TH0426 to epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells was 1.15-times and 1.64-times higher than that of ΔlsrB, 1 and 2 h after infection. The production ability of the biofilm of ΔlsrB decreased by 1.38-times, and the adhesion ability of ΔlsrB to EPC cells greatly decreased by 1.96-times than the TH0426. The result of motility detection pointed out that the swimming ability of ΔlsrB was down by 1.67-times. The results indicated that almost all of them lost their flagella after deleting the lsrB gene. In general, the virulence of TH0426 was reduced after deleting the lsrB gene. The final results point out that the lsrB gene of TH0426 is related to motility, biofilm formation, adhesion, and virulence.
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Miyagi K, Shimoji N, Oshiro H, Hirai I. Differences in flaA gene sequences, swimming motility, and biofilm forming ability between clinical and environmental isolates of Aeromonas species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:11740-11754. [PMID: 36098923 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22871-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The flagellin A gene (flaA) sequences, swimming motility, and biofilm forming ability were investigated in order to reveal the genetic and functional differences of flagella between clinical and environmental isolates of Aeromonas species. Twenty-eight clinical and 48 environmental strains of Aeromonas species isolated in Okinawa Prefecture of Japan were used in this study. The full-length flaA genes of these strains were sequenced and aligned, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. In addition, swimming motility and biofilm forming ability were evaluated by conventional methods. Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria and A. hydrophila clearly divided into clinical and environmental strain clusters in the flaA phylogenetic classification, and the six and 13 specific amino acids respectively, of FlaA of both species were different in clinical and environmental strains. Furthermore, the flaA size of the clinical strain of A. veronii bv. sobria was mainly 909, 924, and 939 bp, and the size of A. hydrophila was 909 bp. The swimming motility of clinical isolates of both species was lower than the environmental isolates; however, the biofilm forming ability of the clinical isolates was high. Thus, the clinical isolates of A. veronii bv. sobria and A. hydrophila had different genetic and functional characteristics of flagellin than the environmental isolates. The characteristics of flagellin could serve as indicators to distinguish between clinical and environmental isolates of the both species. It may contribute to diagnosis of these diseases and the monitoring of clinical strain invasion into the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Miyagi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.
| | - Noriaki Shimoji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Urasoe General Hospital, 4-16-1 Iso, Urasoe-shi, Okinawa, 901-2132, Japan
| | - Haruna Oshiro
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Urasoe General Hospital, 4-16-1 Iso, Urasoe-shi, Okinawa, 901-2132, Japan
| | - Itaru Hirai
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
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Abstract
Enteric bacterial infections contribute substantially to global disease burden and mortality, particularly in the developing world. In vitro 2D monolayer cultures have provided critical insights into the fundamental virulence mechanisms of a multitude of pathogens, including Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium and Typhi, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella spp., Escherichia coli and Campylobacter jejuni, which have led to the identification of novel targets for antimicrobial therapy and vaccines. In recent years, the arsenal of experimental systems to study intestinal infections has been expanded by a multitude of more complex models, which have allowed to evaluate the effects of additional physiological and biological parameters on infectivity. Organoids recapitulate the cellular complexity of the human intestinal epithelium while 3D bioengineered scaffolds and microphysiological devices allow to emulate oxygen gradients, flow and peristalsis, as well as the formation and maintenance of stable and physiologically relevant microbial diversity. Additionally, advancements in ex vivo cultures and intravital imaging have opened new possibilities to study the effects of enteric pathogens on fluid secretion, barrier integrity and immune cell surveillance in the intact intestine. This review aims to present a balanced and updated overview of current intestinal in vitro and ex vivo methods for modeling of enteric bacterial infections. We conclude that the different paradigms are complements rather than replacements and their combined use promises to further our understanding of host-microbe interactions and their impacts on intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayere Taebnia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ute Römling
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- CONTACT Ute Römling Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Volker M. Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Volker M. Lauschke Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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Song Y, Wang LF, Zhou K, Liu S, Guo L, Ye LY, Gu J, Cheng Y, Shen DX. Epidemiological characteristics, virulence potential, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and phylogenetic analysis of Aeromonas caviae isolated from extra-intestinal infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1084352. [PMID: 36909720 PMCID: PMC9999030 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1084352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Aeromonas caviae (A. caviae) is one of the major etiological agents in human intestinal infections reported to be associated with a broad spectrum of extra-intestinal infections with increasing incidence over recent years. Although previous studies have established its significance as a causative agent of both bloodstream and gastrointestinal infections, the characteristics of A. caviae that cause extra-intestinal infections remain unilluminated.In this single-center retrospective study, we investigated epidemiological characteristics, antimicrobial resistance genes and phenotypes, virulence genes, and phyloevolution of 47 clinical A. caviae isolated from patients with extra-intestinal infections from 2017 to 2020. Methods A. caviae strains were identified by biochemical tests and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS), ultimately confirmed to species level by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes were identified using the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) and the virulence factor database (VFDB), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of 47 clinical strains was performed by combining with 521 A. caviae strains from NCBI database. Results A. caviae was an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients, especially those with underlying hepatobiliary diseases and malignancies. 19 out of 47 isolates were identified as multidrug resistance (MDR) strains. Piperacillin-tazobactam, levofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin with a resistance rate of less than 10% remained as options to treat extra-intestinal infections. 24 out of 47 isolates exhibited non-susceptibility to cephalosporins and cephamycins, all of which carried β-lactamase gene, including bla MOX, bla PER-3, bla OXA, bla NDM, and bla CphA. Most stains (98%, 46/47) carried at least one of the virulence genes, but extra-intestinal infections had a low mortality rate. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the risk of nosocomial transmission but revealed no outbreak. However, the emergence of MDR and β-lactamase resistance genes in extra-intestinal isolates of A. caviae is becoming an increasing risk to public health and requires attention. Conclusions This study strengthen our understanding of A.caviae isolated from extra-intestinal infections. It may contribute to the management of extra-intestinal infections as well as the prevention and control of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Li-feng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kuai Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanhan People’s Hospital, Xuanhan, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hainan Modern Women and Children’s Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li-yan Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Gu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Basic Medical Laboratory, The 980th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistical Support Force, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Ding-xia Shen, ; Yan Cheng,
| | - Ding-xia Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ding-xia Shen, ; Yan Cheng,
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Epidemiology of Aeromonas Species Bloodstream Infection in Queensland, Australia: Association with Regional and Climate Zones. Microorganisms 2022; 11:microorganisms11010036. [PMID: 36677328 PMCID: PMC9867365 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas species can cause severe bloodstream infection (BSI) however, few studies have examined their epidemiology in non-selected populations. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence and determinants of Aeromonas species BSI in Queensland, Australia. A retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted during 2000-2019. Aeromonas species BSI were identified by laboratory surveillance and clinical and outcome information through data linkages to statewide databases. A total of 407 incident Aeromonas species BSI were identified with an age- and sex-standardized incidence of 5.2 per million residents annually. No trend in annual incidence rate during two decades of surveillance was demonstrated. Significant variable monthly occurrences were observed with highest rates during warmer, wetter months, and lowest rates during winter and dry periods. There was significant variability in incidence accordingly to region and climate zones, with higher rates observed in tropical north regions and lowest in southeastern corner. The highest incidence was observed in very remote and hot areas in Queensland. Cases were infrequent in children and risk was highest in elderly and males. Seventy-eight patients died within 30 days with a case-fatality rate of 19%. Older age, non-focal infection, higher Charlson score, and monomicrobial bacteremia were independent risk factors for death. Demographic and climatic changes may increase the burden of these infections in future years.
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Xu X, Fu H, Wan G, Huang J, Zhou Z, Rao Y, Liu L, Wen C. Prevalence and genetic diversity of Aeromonas veronii isolated from aquaculture systems in the Poyang Lake area, China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1042007. [PMID: 36578578 PMCID: PMC9791064 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1042007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The area around Poyang Lake is the main aquaculture area in Jiangxi Province, China, and an important base for the supply of freshwater aquatic products. Aquaculture in the Poyang Lake area is severely threatened by diseases caused by bacterial pathogens, and Aeromonas veronii has been the main pathogen in recent years. In this paper, ERIC-PCR genotyping, virulence gene and antimicrobial resistance gene detection, and drug susceptibility tests were carried out on 46 A. veronii isolates obtained from aquaculture systems in the Poyang Lake area from 2016 to 2020. The results showed that the A. veronii strains in the Poyang Lake area had high genetic diversity, and 46 strains produced 36 ERIC genotypes. There were no geographical and temporal differences in the cluster analysis results and no dominant clones. All 13 virulence genes tested were detected, and all isolates had harbored 2 or more virulence genes, with a maximum of 12 virulence genes detected. Among the 22 antimicrobial resistance genes selected, 15 were detected; 97.8% of the isolates contained 2 or more antimicrobial resistance genes, with a maximum of 9 antimicrobial resistance genes. Drug susceptibility tests showed that some strains were resistant to a variety of traditionally effective drugs for Aeromomas, such as enrofloxacin and florfenicol. This study provides a reference for exploring the impact of aquaculture in the Poyang Lake area on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandong Xu
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Huiyun Fu
- Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Guoyuan Wan
- Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiangfeng Huang
- Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhou
- Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Rao
- Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Lihui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chungen Wen
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,*Correspondence: Chungen Wen,
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A Novel Aeromonas popoffii Phage AerP_220 Proposed to Be a Member of a New Tolavirus Genus in the Autographiviridae Family. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122733. [PMID: 36560737 PMCID: PMC9780818 DOI: 10.3390/v14122733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas popoffii is one of the environmental Aeromonas species. A number of factors of virulence have been described for this species and it has been reported as a causative agent of urinary tract infection. The first A. popoffii bacteriophage AerP_220 along with its host strain A. popoffii CEMTC 4062 were isolated from river water. The phage has a podovirus morphotype, shows a narrow host range and is lytic against the host strain. The AerP_220 genome comprises 45,207 bp and does not contain genes responsible for antibiotic resistance and toxin production. Fifty-nine co-directional putative ORFs were found in the AerP_220 genome. Thirty-three ORFs encoded proteins with predicted functions; the products of 26 ORFs were hypothetical proteins. AerP_220 genome analysis revealed that this phage can be considered a novel species within the Autographiviridae family. Comparative genomic and proteomic analysis revealed that AerP_220 along with the Aeromonas phage vB_AspA_Tola (OM913599) are members of a new putative Tolavirus genus in the family Autographiviridae. The Gajwadongvirus and proposed Tolavirus genera along with Pantoea phage Nufs112 and phage Reminis could form a new Tolavirinae subfamily within the Autographiviridae family.
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Damasceno MRA, Lemes CGDC, Braga LSSB, Tizioto PC, Montenegro H, Paduan M, Pereira JG, Cordeiro IF, Rocha LCM, da Silva SA, Sanchez AB, Lima WG, Yazbeck GM, Moreira LM, Garcia CCM. Hatchery tanks induce intense reduction in microbiota diversity associated with gills and guts of two endemic species of the São Francisco River. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:966436. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.966436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The São Francisco River (SFR), one of the main Brazilian rivers, has suffered cumulative anthropogenic impacts, leading to ever-decreasing fish stocks and environmental, economic, and social consequences. Rhinelepis aspera and Prochilodus argenteus are medium-sized, bottom-feeding, and rheophilic fishes from the SFR that suffer from these actions. Both species are targeted for spawning and restocking operations due to their relevance in artisanal fisheries, commercial activities, and conservation concerns. Using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we characterized the microbiome present in the gills and guts of these species recruited from an impacted SFR region and hatchery tanks (HT). Our results showed that bacterial diversity from the gill and gut at the genera level in both fish species from HT is 87% smaller than in species from the SFR. Furthermore, only 15 and 29% of bacterial genera are shared between gills and guts in R. aspera and P. argenteus from SFR, respectively, showing an intimate relationship between functional differences in organs. In both species from SFR, pathogenic, xenobiont-degrading, and cyanotoxin-producer bacterial genera were found, indicating the critical pollution scenario in which the river finds itself. This study allowed us to conclude that the conditions imposed on fish in the HT act as important modulators of microbial diversity in the analyzed tissues. It also raises questions regarding the effects of these conditions on hatchery spawn fish and their suitability for restocking activities, aggravated by the narrow genetic diversity associated with such freshwater systems.
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Yang Q, Zhang J, Liu F, Chen H, Zhang W, Yang H, He N, Dong J, Zhao P. A. caviae infection triggers IL-1β secretion through activating NLRP3 inflammasome mediated by NF-κB signaling pathway partly in a TLR2 dependent manner. Virulence 2022; 13:1486-1501. [PMID: 36040120 PMCID: PMC9450903 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2116169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas caviae, an important food-borne pathogen, induces serious invasive infections and inflammation. The pro-inflammatory IL-1β functions against pathogenic infections and is elevated in various Aeromonas infection cases. However, the molecular mechanism of A. caviae-mediated IL-1β secretion remains unknown. In this study, mouse macrophages (PMs) were used to establish A. caviae infection model and multiple strategies were utilized to explore the mechanism of IL-1β secretion. IL-1β was elevated in A. caviae infected murine serum, PMs lysates or supernatants. This process triggered NLRP3 levels upregulation, ASC oligomerization, as well as dot gathering of NLRP3 and speck-like signals of ASC in the cytoplasm. MCC950 blocked A. caviae mediated IL-1β release. Meanwhile, NLRP3 inflammasome mediated the release of IL-1β in dose- and time-dependent manners, and the release of IL-1β was dependent on active caspase-1, as well as NLRP3 inflammasome was activated by potassium efflux and cathepsin B release ways. A. caviae also enhanced TLR2 levels, and deletion of TLR2 obviously decreased IL-1β secretion. What’s more, A. caviae resulted in NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation partly in a TLR2-dependent manner. Blocking NF-κB using BAY 11-7082 almost completely inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome first signal pro-IL-1β expression. Blocking TLR2, NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome significantly downregulated IL-1β release and TNF-α and IL-6 levels. These data illustrate that A. caviae caused IL-1β secretion in PMs is controlled by NLRP3 inflammasome, of which is mediated by NF-κB pathway and is partially dependent on TLR2, providing basis for drugs against A. caviae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Radiation, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang (Lianyungang Tumor Hospital), Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, China
| | - Feixue Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Huizhen Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Nana He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
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Zhou L, Li S, Li F. Damage and elimination of soil and water antibiotic and heavy metal pollution caused by livestock husbandry. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114188. [PMID: 36030917 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The combination of antibiotics and heavy metals (HMs) increases the toxicity range of influence and requires additional research attention. This article analyzed the toxicity mechanisms and damage of combined pollution. Cross-resistance, co-resistance, and co-regulation are the primary toxicity mechanisms. Combined pollution increases antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), increases bacterial resistance, and promotes the horizontal transfer of ARGs, affecting the types and distribution of microorganisms. The hazard of combined pollution varies with concentration and composition. The physicochemical and biological technologies for eliminating combined pollution are primarily elaborated. Adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, and microbial treatment show high removal rates and good recyclability, indicating good application potential. This review provides a basis and reference for the further study the elimination of combined antibiotic and HM pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria at Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria at Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Fengxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria at Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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Albini E, Orso M, Cozzolino F, Sacchini L, Leoni F, Magistrali CF. A systematic review and meta-analysis on antimicrobial resistance in marine bivalves. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1040568. [PMID: 36532500 PMCID: PMC9751792 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1040568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bivalves are filter-feeding animals able to accumulate contaminants and microorganisms, either of marine or terrestrial origin. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacterial isolates from bivalves using a systematic review of the literature. Comprehensive searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science were carried out, based upon a registered protocol (PROSPERO), and following the preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using a modified Hoy checklist. Meta-analyses of prevalence were carried out using random-effects models. In total, 103 articles were selected from 1,280 records and were included in the final analysis. The studies were from Asia (n = 54), Europe (n = 27), South and North America (n = 10 and n = 6, respectively), Africa (n = 2), Oceania (n = 1), and multicentre and intercontinental (n = 3). The meta-analysis of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index revealed Aeromonas spp. as the genus with the highest prevalence of AMR (37%), followed by Vibrio spp. (34%), Salmonella spp. (18%), and Escherichia coli (15%). Resistance to third/fourth/fifth generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, two highest priority, critically important antimicrobials (HPCIA), was recorded in approximately 10% of E. coli isolates. Resistance to carbapenems was very low (<2%) in Salmonella spp. and in E. coli, but was found in 5% of Vibrio spp. and in more than a third of Aeromonas spp. isolates. In aquatic bacteria, resistance to carbapenems was higher in Asian than in European isolates. Our study shows the presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), including bacteria resistant to HPCIA, in marine bivalves, posing a risk for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Albini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e Delle Marche ‘Togo Rosati’, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Orso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e Delle Marche ‘Togo Rosati’, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Cozzolino
- Health Planning Service, Regional Health Authority of Umbria, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luca Sacchini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e Delle Marche ‘Togo Rosati’, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Leoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e Delle Marche ‘Togo Rosati’, Perugia, Italy
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Chakraborty N, Das BK, Bera AK, Borah S, Mohanty D, Yadav AK, Kumar J, Koushlesh SK, Chanu TN, Panda SP, Vallangi R. Co-Prevalence of Virulence and Pathogenic Potential in Multiple Antibiotic Resistant Aeromonas spp. from Diseased Fishes with In Silico Insight on the Virulent Protein Network. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12121979. [PMID: 36556344 PMCID: PMC9781969 DOI: 10.3390/life12121979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas species exhibit widespread presence in food, poultry, and aquaculture. They are major multi-drug-resistant fish pathogens. This study aims to identify Aeromonas species harbouring virulence genes aerolysin, flagellin, and lipase from diseased fishes of Assam wetlands with association with antibiotic resistance and in vivo pathogenicity. One hundred and thirty-four Aeromonas strains were isolated and thirty representative species identified using genus-specific 16S rRNA gene amplification. A. veronii was most prevalent (53.7%) followed by A. hydrophila (40.2%), A. caviae (4.47%), and A. dhakensis (1.49%). Ninety percent (90%) of strains harboured at least one of the studied virulence genes: aerA (73.3%), lip (46.6%), and flaA (26.6%). The highest multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index 0.8 corresponded to A. hydrophila DBTNE1 (MZ723069), containing all the studied genes. The lowest LD50 values (1.6 × 106 CFU/fish) corresponded to isolates having both aerA and lip. β-lactams showed utmost resistance and lowest for aminoglycosides. There was a significant (p < 0.05) Pearson chi-square test of association between the occurrence of virulence and antibiotic resistance. The in silico protein−protein interaction revealed important drug targets, such as σ28 transcription factor, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, and diacylglycerol kinase, with significant (p < 0.05) enrichment. This study suggests that fish-isolate Aeromonas strains represent potential threat to aquaculture with subsequent risk of transferring antibiotic resistance to human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita Chakraborty
- Regional Centre, Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR), Guwahati 781006, India
| | - Basanta Kumar Das
- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR), Barrackpore 700120, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-033-2592-1190; Fax: +91-033-2592-0388
| | - Asit Kumar Bera
- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR), Barrackpore 700120, India
| | - Simanku Borah
- Regional Centre, Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR), Guwahati 781006, India
| | - Debasmita Mohanty
- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR), Barrackpore 700120, India
| | - Anil Kumar Yadav
- Regional Centre, Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR), Guwahati 781006, India
| | - Jeetendra Kumar
- Regional Centre, Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR), Prayagraj 211002, India
| | | | | | - Soumya Prasad Panda
- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR), Barrackpore 700120, India
| | - Ravali Vallangi
- Regional Centre, Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR), Guwahati 781006, India
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Guerra RM, Maleno FD, Figueras MJ, Pujol-Bajador I, Fernández-Bravo A. Potential Pathogenicity of Aeromonas spp. Recovered in River Water, Soil, and Vegetation from a Natural Recreational Area. Pathogens 2022; 11:1382. [PMID: 36422633 PMCID: PMC9696040 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11111382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Aeromonas is widely distributed in aquatic environments and is recognized as a potential human pathogen. Some Aeromonas species are able to cause a wide spectrum of diseases, mainly gastroenteritis, skin and soft-tissue infections, bacteremia, and sepsis. Currently, untreated river water is used for irrigation and recreational purposes. In this study, the Aeromonas spp. present in a river recreational environment was investigated by quantifying its presence in water, soil, and vegetation using three techniques: qPCR, plate counting in selective ADA medium, and Most Probable Number, in parallel. The presence of clones in the three types of samples was elucidated through genotyping with the ERIC-PCR technique, whereas the identification of the isolated Aeromonas was carried out by sequencing the rpoD gene. Finally, the pathogenic potential of some of the strains was explored by studying the presence and expression of virulence genes characteristic of the genus, their antimicrobial susceptibility profile, as well as the quantification of their cell damage and intracellular survival in an in vitro macrophages infection model. The results showed the presence of Aeromonas in all samples with the three quantification methods, with Aeromonas popoffii being the most prevalent species. The presence of strains with the same genotype (ERIC-PCR) was also confirmed in different samples. Some of the strains showed a high level of cell damage and intracellular bacterial survival, as well as the presence of various virulence factors. Furthermore, these strains showed resistance to some of the antibiotics tested and used therapeutically in both humans and animals. These results indicate that the presence of Aeromonas in this environment may represent a biosanitary risk that could be a public health problem.
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Novel Aeromonas Phage Ahy-Yong1 and Its Protective Effects against Aeromonas hydrophila in Brocade Carp ( Cyprinus aka Koi). Viruses 2022; 14:v14112498. [PMID: 36423108 PMCID: PMC9697113 DOI: 10.3390/v14112498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a zoonotic pathogen and an important fish pathogen. A new lytic phage, Ahy-yong1, against multi-antibiotic-resistant pathogen A. hydrophila was isolated, identified, and tentatively used in therapy. Ahy-yong1 possesses a head of approximately 66 nm in diameter and a short tail of approximately 26 nm in length and 32 nm in width. Its complete dsDNA genome is 43,374 bp with a G + C content of 59.4%, containing 52 predicted opening reading frames (ORFs). Taxonomic analysis indicated Ahy-yong1 as a new species of the Ahphunavirus genus of the Autographiviridae family of the Caudoviricetes class. Ahy-yong1 was active only against its indicator host strain among the 35 strains tested. It is stable at 30-40 °C and at pH 2-12. Aeromonas phage Ahy-yong1 revealed an effective biofilm removal capacity and an obvious protective effect in brocade carp (Cyprinus aka Koi). The average cumulative mortality for the brocade carp in the blank groups intraperitoneally injected with PBS was 1.7% ± 2.4%;for the control groups treated with A. hydrophila (108 CFU/fish) via intraperitoneal injection, it was 100.00%;and for the test group I, successively treated with A. hydrophila (108 CFU/fish) and Aeromonas phage Ahy-yong1 (107 PFU/fish) via intraperitoneal injection witha time interval of 2 hours, it was only 43.4% ± 4.7%. Furthermore, the cumulative mortality of the test group II, successively treated with Aeromonas phage Ahy-yong1 (107 PFU/fish) and A. hydrophila (108 CFU/fish), was only 20.0% ± 8.2%, and that of the test group III, simultaneously treated with Aeromonas phage Ahy-yong1 (107 PFU/fish) and A. hydrophila (108 CFU/fish), was only 30.0% ± 8.2%. The results demonstrated that phage Ahy-yong1 was very effective in the therapies against A. hydrophila A18, prophylaxis was more effective than rescue, and earlier treatment was better for the reduction of mortality. This study enriches knowledge about Aeromonas phages.
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Guan Y, Zhang M, Wang Y, Liu Z, Zhao Z, Wang H, An D, Qian A, Kang Y, Sun W, Shan X. Functional analysis of ascP in Aeromonas veronii TH0426 reveals a key role in the regulation of virulence. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 60:1153-1161. [PMCID: PMC9647756 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-2373-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Guan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 P. R. China
| | - Yingda Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 P. R. China
| | - Zhongzhuo Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 P. R. China
| | - Zelin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 P. R. China
| | - Dingjie An
- College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 P. R. China
| | - Aidong Qian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 P. R. China
| | - Yuanhuan Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 P. R. China
| | - Wuwen Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 P. R. China
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First Record of the Rare Species Aeromonas lusitana from Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum): Comparative Analysis with the Existing Strains. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11111299. [DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11111299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The species Aeromonas lusitana was first described in 2016 with five strains recovered from untreated water and vegetables from Portugal. Since then, no further records exist of this species. During a surveillance study on the presence of Aeromonas in fish farms in Mexico, a new strain (ESV-351) of the mentioned species isolated from a rainbow trout was recovered. It was identified because it clustered phylogenetically with the type strain of A. lusitana based on the analysis of the rpoD gene sequences. In the present study, phenotypic characteristics, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and the presence of putative virulence genes of this novel strain (ESV-351) were determined in parallel to the five isolates from the original species description. Phenotypic differential characteristics exhibited by A. lusitana ESV-351 depicted an evident similarity to the characteristics exhibited by the other evaluated strains. However, the novel strain was positive for the production of indole using conventional methods, while the rest of the strains, including the type strain, were negative for its production. Furthermore, intermediate resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cephalothin was detected in both the novel and the type strain. Five different virulence-related genes were detected in the novel strain and in the previously described strains, with the type strain exhibiting the highest number of virulence-related genes. In addition to this, the genome of the novel strain (ESV-351) was sequenced and compared with the genomes from the type strain (A. lusitana CECT 7828T) and other Aeromonas spp. The genomic analysis defined Aeromonas tecta as the closest species to A. lusitana with a highly similar number of predicted proteins. The genomic size, the number of protein-encoding genes and the number of different tRNAs, among other characteristics, make it possible to propose that the ESV-351 strain could potentially have the capacity to adapt to different environments. Genome comparison of the ESV-351 strain with the type strain revealed that both possess a similar sequence of the citrate synthase gene. In addition to this finding, the chromosomal region containing the citrate synthase locus of the novel strain exhibits some similarity to the chromosomal region in the genome of the A. hydrophila type strain and other known human pathogens, such as Vibrio cholerae. This could suggest a possible virulence role for the citrate synthase gene in A. lusitana (ESV-351).
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Grave I, Rudzate A, Nagle A, Miklasevics E, Gardovska D. Prevalence of Aeromonas spp. Infection in Pediatric Patients Hospitalized with Gastroenteritis in Latvia between 2020 and 2021. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9111684. [PMID: 36360412 PMCID: PMC9688984 DOI: 10.3390/children9111684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Aeromonas species are emerging human enteric pathogens. However, there is no systematic analysis of Aeromonas infection in the pediatric population in Latvia. The aim of the study was to describe potential sources, prevalence of infection, associated virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas spp. isolated from fecal samples. Methods: Stool samples (n = 1360) were obtained from the Children’s Clinical University Hospital between 2020 and 2021. The target population was pediatric patients, 0 to 18 years of age, with a preliminary diagnosis of gastroenteritis. Identification was performed by Maldi-TOF, antimicrobial resistance by Vitek2 and 9 virulence factors by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Aeromonas spp. were isolated in 50 stool samples; positive findings made up 3.6% of all study cases and included four species: A. hydrophila, A. caviae, A. veronii, and A. eucrenophila. In 42% of the samples, Aeromonas spp. appeared alongside the other significant pathogens: Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Typhimurium, Yersinia enterocolitica, norovirus, adenovirus, and rotavirus. The study population positive for Aeromonas spp. infection contained 28 male (56%) and 22 female (44%) patients; median age was 4.56 years. The most common symptoms were: diarrhea, blood in stool, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. Aside from expected natural resistance, no significant antibacterial resistance was detected. The presence of multiple virulence genes was noticed in all isolates. No statistically significant correlation was found between the virulence patterns, bacterial species, and the intensity of clinical symptoms. Discussion: According to the clinical data and the results of this study Aeromonas spp. has an important role in pediatric practice and requires appropriate attention and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Grave
- Riga Stradins University, LV1007 Riga, Latvia
- Children Clinical University Hospital, Bernu Kliniska Universitates Slimnica, LV1004 Riga, Latvia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +371-29501301
| | - Aleksandra Rudzate
- Children Clinical University Hospital, Bernu Kliniska Universitates Slimnica, LV1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Anda Nagle
- Children Clinical University Hospital, Bernu Kliniska Universitates Slimnica, LV1004 Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Dace Gardovska
- Children Clinical University Hospital, Bernu Kliniska Universitates Slimnica, LV1004 Riga, Latvia
- Department of Paediatrics, Riga Stradins University, LV1007 Riga, Latvia
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