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Liang C, Wang J, Xia X, Wang Q, Li Z, Tao R, Tao Y, Xiang H, Tong S, Tao F. Serum cobalt status during pregnancy and the risks of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome: A prospective birth cohort study. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 46:39-45. [PMID: 29413109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cobalt (Co) is an essential trace element and has been suggested to be involved in blood pressure regulation, but few studies have focused on serum Co status during pregnancy and the risks of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIH). The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the association between serum Co levels during pregnancy and the risks of PIH, and to explore how the maternal Co status contributes to the incidence of PIH. 3260 non-hypertensive women before pregnancy with singleton births in Ma'anShan birth cohort study (MABC) were recruited with the assessment of maternal Co concentrations, additionally, the levels of 7 inflammatory factors and 3 stress factors in placentas were also determined. Relative risks (RRs) [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] for the risks of PIH were assessed and the relationships between 10 factors and maternal Co status during pregnancy were evaluated as well. A total of 194 (5.95%) women were diagnosed with PIH. The concentrations of Co varied from the first trimester to the second trimester, and maternal serum Co concentrations during pregnancy were negatively associated with the incidence of PIH in a linear fashion. There was a clear trend in RRs according to decreasing exposure to Co levels in the second trimester (RRa=1.80, 95% CI (1.26, 2.56); RRb=1.73, 95% CI (1.21, 2.46) and RRc=1.43, 95% CI (1.02, 2.04) when low Co levels comparing with high Co levels before and after adjustment for confounders; and RRa=1.29, 95% CI (0.88, 1.88); RRb=1.28, 95% CI (0.87, 1.87) and RRc=1.25, 95% CI (0.86, 1.82) when medium Co levels comparing with high Co levels before and after adjustment for confounders). In addition, the trend for the first trimester was nearly identifical to those for the second trimester (RRa=1.35, 95% CI (0.94, 1.93); RRb=1.33, 95% CI (0.93, 1.91); RRc=1.22, 95%CI (0.86, 1.73) when low Co levels comparing with high Co levels before and after adjustment for confounders; and RRa=1.10, 95% CI (0.76, 1.60); RRb=1.13, 95% CI (0.77, 1.64) and RRc=1.12, 95% CI (0.77, 1.63) before and after adjustment for confounders). Interestingly, Co concentrations in the second trimester were also inversely associated with the levels of some inflammatory factors and all three stress factors in placentas. This prospective study suggested that lower maternal serum Co concentration in the second trimester may associate with the incidence of PIH in Chinese population. Additionally, the maternal Co concentrations in the second trimester could reduce inflammatory and oxidative damage to the placenta. Further evidence is needed to support the findings and assess the mechanisms underlying the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Liang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Jianqing Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Xun Xia
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Qunan Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Zhijuan Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Ruiwen Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Yiran Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Haiyun Xiang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Shilu Tong
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China; Shanghai Children's Medical Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; School of Public Health and Social Work and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China.
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Maier T, Scheuerle RL, Markl D, Bruggraber S, Zeitler A, Fruk L, Slater NKH. Zinc delivery from non-woven fibres within a therapeutic nipple shield. Int J Pharm 2018; 537:290-299. [PMID: 29288810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A Therapeutic Nipple Shield (TNS) was previously developed to respond to the global need for new infant therapeutic delivery technologies. However, the release efficiency for the same Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) from different therapeutic matrices within the TNS formulation has not yet been investigated. To address this, in-vitro release of elemental zinc into human milk from two types of Texel non-woven fibre mats of varying thickness and different gram per square meter values, placed inside the TNS was explored and compared to the release from zinc-containing rapidly disintegrating tablets. In-vitro delivery was performed by means of a breastfeeding simulation apparatus, with human milk flow rates and suction pressure adjusted to physiologically relevant values, and release was quantified using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). It was found that a total recovery of 62-64 % elemental zinc was obtained after the human milk had passed through the fibre insert, amounting to a 20-48% increase compared to previous zinc delivery studies using rapidly disintegrating tablets within the TNS. This indicates that non-woven Texel fibre mats were identified as the superior dosage form for oral zinc delivery into human milk using a TNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Maier
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom; University of Cambridge, Department of Paediatrics, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Rebekah L Scheuerle
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Markl
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvaine Bruggraber
- Medical Research Council Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge CB1 9NL, United Kingdom
| | - Axel Zeitler
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Ljiljana Fruk
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel K H Slater
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
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103
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Navarro JA, Schneuwly S. Copper and Zinc Homeostasis: Lessons from Drosophila melanogaster. Front Genet 2017; 8:223. [PMID: 29312444 PMCID: PMC5743009 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of metal homeostasis is crucial for many different enzymatic activities and in turn for cell function and survival. In addition, cells display detoxification and protective mechanisms against toxic accumulation of metals. Perturbation of any of these processes normally leads to cellular dysfunction and finally to cell death. In the last years, loss of metal regulation has been described as a common pathological feature in many human neurodegenerative diseases. However, in most cases, it is still a matter of debate whether such dyshomeostasis is a primary or a secondary downstream defect. In this review, we will summarize and critically evaluate the contribution of Drosophila to model human diseases that involve altered metabolism of metals or in which metal dyshomeostasis influence their pathobiology. As a prerequisite to use Drosophila as a model, we will recapitulate and describe the main features of core genes involved in copper and zinc metabolism that are conserved between mammals and flies. Drosophila presents some unique strengths to be at the forefront of neurobiological studies. The number of genetic tools, the possibility to easily test genetic interactions in vivo and the feasibility to perform unbiased genetic and pharmacological screens are some of the most prominent advantages of the fruitfly. In this work, we will pay special attention to the most important results reported in fly models to unveil the role of copper and zinc in cellular degeneration and their influence in the development and progression of human neurodegenerative pathologies such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Friedreich's Ataxia or Menkes, and Wilson's diseases. Finally, we show how these studies performed in the fly have allowed to give further insight into the influence of copper and zinc in the molecular and cellular causes and consequences underlying these diseases as well as the discovery of new therapeutic strategies, which had not yet been described in other model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A. Navarro
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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104
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Borowska S, Brzóska MM, Gałażyn-Sidorczuk M, Rogalska J. Effect of an Extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. Berries on the Body Status of Zinc and Copper under Chronic Exposure to Cadmium: An In Vivo Experimental Study. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1374. [PMID: 29257101 PMCID: PMC5748824 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In an experimental model of low-level and moderate environmental human exposure to cadmium (Cd), it was investigated whether the consumption of a polyphenol-rich Aronia melanocarpa L. berries (chokeberries) extract (AE) may influence the body status of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu). The bioelements' apparent absorption, body retention, serum and tissue concentrations, total pool in internal organs, excretion, and the degree of binding to metallothionein were evaluated in female rats administered 0.1% aqueous AE or/and Cd in their diet (1 and 5 mg/kg) for 3-24 months. The consumption of AE alone had no influence on the body status of Zn and Cu. The extract administration at both levels of Cd treatment significantly (completely or partially) protected against most of the changes in the metabolism of Zn and Cu caused by this xenobiotic; however, it increased or decreased some of the Cd-unchanged indices of their body status. Based on the findings, it seems that rational amounts of chokeberry products may be included in the daily diet without the risk of destroying Zn and Cu metabolisms; however, their potential prophylactic use under exposure to Cd needs further study to exclude any unfavourable impact of these essential elements on the metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Borowska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata M Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Gałażyn-Sidorczuk
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Joanna Rogalska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
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105
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Bourassa D, Gleber SC, Vogt S, Shin CH, Fahrni CJ. MicroXRF tomographic visualization of zinc and iron in the zebrafish embryo at the onset of the hatching period. Metallomics 2017; 8:1122-1130. [PMID: 27531414 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00073h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Transition metals such as zinc, copper, and iron play key roles in cellular proliferation, cell differentiation, growth, and development. Over the past decade, advances in synchrotron X-ray fluorescence instrumentation presented new opportunities for the three-dimensional mapping of trace metal distributions within intact specimens. Taking advantage of microXRF tomography, we visualized the 3D distribution of zinc and iron in a zebrafish embryo at the onset of the hatching period. The reconstructed volumetric data revealed distinct differences in the elemental distributions, with zinc predominantly localized to the yolk and yolk extension, and iron to various regions of the brain as well as the myotome extending along the dorsal side of the embryo. The data set complements an earlier tomographic study of an embryo at the pharyngula stage (24 hpf), thus offering new insights into the trace metal distribution at key stages of embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Bourassa
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - Sophie-Charlotte Gleber
- Advanced Photon Source, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Stefan Vogt
- Advanced Photon Source, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Chong Hyun Shin
- School of Biological Sciences and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Christoph J Fahrni
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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106
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Lewin G, Hurtt ME. Pre- and Postnatal Lung Development: An Updated Species Comparison. Birth Defects Res 2017; 109:1519-1539. [PMID: 28876535 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to give an outline of respiratory tract morphological and functional development with an emphasis on perinatal and postnatal maturational processes. In view of the rising need for qualitative and quantitative data for the development of pediatric pharmaceuticals, a comparison of the human situation to experimental animal models is made, and functional data as well as suitable models for human airway diseases and functional testing are presented. Birth Defects Research 109:1519-1539, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark E Hurtt
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut
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107
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Structural and thermal analyses of zinc and lactose in homeopathic triturated systems. HOMEOPATHY 2017; 106:160-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.homp.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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108
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Nidumuru S, Boddula V, Vadakedath S, Kolanu BR, Kandi V. Evaluating the Role of Zinc in Beta Thalassemia Major: A Prospective Case-Control Study from a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in India. Cureus 2017; 9:e1495. [PMID: 28948115 PMCID: PMC5606730 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thalassemia is a common hereditary anemia in humans, and beta thalassemia represents a group of recessively inherited hemoglobin disorders first described by Cooley and Lee and characterized by the abnormal synthesis of β-globin chain. The homozygous state results in severe anemia, which needs regular blood transfusion. Although such treatments increase the patient's life span, a variety of complications, including endocrine, metabolic, skeletal, and growth disorders are being observed due to increased iron storage in the body. Objective There are some reports emphasizing the role of zinc deficiency and its associated outcomes among thalassemia patients, but none from this part of the world. The aim of this study was to determine the serum zinc levels in children with beta thalassemia major. Methods This is a prospective case-control study, which included 35 children between the ages five and 15 years, who were diagnosed as suffering from beta thalassemia major. An equal number of age matched healthy subjects were recruited as controls. The study was carried out at the thalassemia center attached to the Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Karimnagar, Telangana, India, during the year 2016. Blood samples were collected from both the cases and control subjects and serum zinc activities were analyzed using a semi-automated analyzer. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 15.0) (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA) was used to calculate the unpaired and independent Student's t-test (p value) to find the significance of the results. Results The mean concentrations of serum zinc among the cases and the controls were 39.25 ± 13.45 and 85.31 ± 13.53 (p <0.0001), respectively. Among the cases, 26 (65%) thalassemia patients had zinc concentration below 60 μg/dl, confirming hypozincemia. Conclusion This study revealed that hypozincemia was prevalent in beta thalassemia major patients. Further evaluation regarding the role of zinc in the development and progression of thalassemia is recommended.
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109
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Bocca B, Ciccarelli S, Agostino R, Alimonti A. Trace elements, oxidative status and antioxidant capacity as biomarkers in very low birth weight infants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 156:705-713. [PMID: 28478178 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Reference data on trace elements, oxidative status and antioxidants in very low birth weight infants (VLBW) are limited and need to be updated for use in clinical settings. Serum and urine of 30 VLBW infants (mean weight, 1167g) at mean age of 23.8 (t0) and 37.8 (t1) days were analyzed. Cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn), nitrate/nitrite (NOx), catalase (CAT), CuZnFeMn-superoxide dismutases (CuZnFeMn-SODs), total antioxidant capacity (SAC: sum of thiols, proteins, bilirubin, uric acid, β-beta-carotene, ascorbic acid, vitamin E) and total oxidative status (SOS: sum of lipo- and hydroperoxides) were determined. A higher urinary excretion of Cu and Zn was observed at t0 than at t1; while an increase in urine Cd was found at t1 respect to t0. A deficiency in serum levels of Cu and Zn was also found. A lower CAT activity, a higher total oxidants level (SOS) and a reduction of total antioxidant barriers (SAC) were observed in some infants. No Fe and Mn deficiency or Hg overload was found; also CuZnFeMn-SODs and NOx levels did not change. The findings showed that losses of trace elements and incomplete mineral body stores were more pronounced in the earlier life stage (at 23.8th day) than later on; moreover, antioxidant defenses were poor and lipo- and hydroperoxides were higher still at 5 weeks of infants' life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Bocca
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Simona Ciccarelli
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Neonatal Pathology, S. Giovanni Calibita-Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Agostino
- Member of Etic Committee, Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Alimonti
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Liang C, Li Z, Xia X, Wang Q, Tao R, Tao Y, Xiang H, Tong S, Tao F. Determine Multiple Elements Simultaneously in the Sera of Umbilical Cord Blood Samples-a Very Simple Method. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 177:1-8. [PMID: 27687700 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Analyzing the concentrations of heavy metals in the sera of umbilical cord blood samples can provide useful information about prenatal exposure to environmental agents. An analytical method based on ICP-MS to simultaneously determine multiple elements in umbilical cord blood samples was developed for assessing the in utero exposure to metallic and metalloid elements. The method only required as little as 100 μL of serum diluted 1:25 for direct analysis. Matrix-matched protocol was used to eliminate mass matrix interference and kinetic energy discrimination mode was used to eliminate the polyatomic ion interference. The assay was completed on average within 4 min with the detection limits ranging from 0.0002 to 44.4 μg/L for all the targeted elements. The detection rates for most of elements were 100 % other than cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg). The testing results of the certified reference materials were ideal. The method is simple and sensitive, so it is suitable for the monitoring of large quantities of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Liang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijuan Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Xia
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qunan Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiwen Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiran Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyun Xiang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilu Tong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
- School of Public Health and Social Work and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, 230021, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
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111
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Weng Z, Liu Z, Zhang S, Tao H, Ji X. Zinc protection in fetal rats for maternal mercury exposure-induced growth retardation is probably associated with S100B expression. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2016; 43:73-77. [PMID: 27928847 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study was conducted to investigate the effects of maternal mercury exposure on fetal rat development and zinc protection in mercury-exposed rats. METHODS Pregnant rats were subjected to zinc sulfate pre-feeding, mercury exposure and zinc sulfate co-feeding. The control rats were administered distilled water. On day 19, the placental weight, overall weight, size and tail length of fetal rats, mercury content and S100B level in the placenta were determined using Western blot analysis. RESULTS Compared with the control, mercury exposure at 2.0 mg/kg.d significantly reduced placental weight and fetal development, resulting in reduced fetal weight, size and tail length, while zinc pre-feeding increased placental weight and other fetal developmental parameters. Compared with mercury exposure, co-feeding with zinc significantly reduced mercury-induced injury in the fetal rats. S100B and mercury content levels were significantly elevated in rats maternally exposed to methylmercury chloride, compared with the unexposed control, while co-feeding with methylmercury chloride and zinc sulfate significantly reduced S100B and mercury levels in the placenta. CONCLUSION Maternal exposure to mercury results in increased S100B in the placenta. Zinc sulfate feeding could reduce S100B and mercury levels, thereby protecting the rats from mercury damage. S100B level may be used to measure the antagonism between zinc and mercury during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanping Weng
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Zonghua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Tao
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianghong Ji
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
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112
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Rodríguez-Sánchez IP, Suárez-Caro S, Rivas-Solís F, Delgado-Enciso I, Sánchez-Chaparro MM, Gómez-Govea MA, Martínez-de-Villarreal LE, Valdez-Velazquez LL. Association of the polymorphism 12109g>A from the REN gene as a risk factor for preterm birth. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2016; 17:1470320316678159. [PMID: 28019132 PMCID: PMC5843887 DOI: 10.1177/1470320316678159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preterm birth is the most important cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. It is a multifactorial disease with different etiologies, including genetic factors. Genetic variability is represented by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of proteins involved in the contractile activity. We determine the association between SNP 12109G> A in REN associated with preterm birth and premature rupture of membrane. MATERIALS AND METHODS A study of cases ( N=112, 22-36 weeks of gestation; mean: 31, 95% confidence interval 30.7-32.2) and controls ( N=66; 38-40 weeks of gestation from the last menstrual period; mean: 39.8, 95% confidence interval 38.9-39.4) was performed. Genomic DNA was isolated in all patients from peripheral blood. The SNP 12109G> A ( Mbo I) in REN was typified by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS A significant difference in the case group for the SNP 12109G>A was observed. The A allele was increased in women with preterm birth (81% cases vs. 15% control, p<0.0000004). There was also a significant difference between genotypes, mainly an excess of G/A heterozygotes in women with preterm birth (60% cases vs. 23% controls). The phenotype 12109G> A has odds ratio 6.62 (95% confidence interval 3.14-14.15), which means a high risk of preterm birth/premature rupture of membrane in presence of allele A, both in homozygotes and in heterozygotes. CONCLUSION Allelic frequency of A of SNP 12109G>A was higher in women with preterm birth than in women with normal vaginal delivery and could be considered a risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irám P Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Genetics Department, ‘Dr. José Eleuterio González’ University Hospital, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | | | | | - Iván Delgado-Enciso
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Colima, Mexico
- State Cancer Institute, Health Secretary de Colima, Mexico
| | - María M Sánchez-Chaparro
- Developmental Biology Unit, Laboratory of Immunology and Virology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolas de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Mayra A Gómez-Govea
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Laura E Martínez-de-Villarreal
- Genetics Department, ‘Dr. José Eleuterio González’ University Hospital, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Laura L Valdez-Velazquez
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad de Colima, Coquimatlán, Mexico
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Colima, Mexico
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113
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Ackland ML, Michalczyk AA. Zinc and infant nutrition. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 611:51-57. [PMID: 27317042 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is essential for a wide variety of cellular processes in all cells. It is a critical dietary nutrient, particularly in the early stages of life. In the early neonatal period, adequate sources of zinc can be obtained from breast milk. In rare circumstances, the mammary gland produces zinc deficient milk that is potentially lethal for exclusively breast-fed infants. This can be overcome by zinc supplementation to the infant. Alterations to key zinc transporters provide insights into the mechanisms of cellular zinc homeostasis. The bioavailability of zinc in food depends on the presence of constituents that may complex zinc. In many countries, zinc deficiency is a major health issue due to poor nourishment. Young children are particularly affected. Zinc deficiency can impair immune function and contributes to the global burden of infectious diseases including diarrhoea, pneumonia and malaria. Furthermore, zinc deficiency may extend its influence across generations by inducing epigenetic effects that alter the expression of genes. This review discusses the significance of adequate zinc nutrition in infants, factors that influence zinc nutrition, the consequences of zinc deficiency, including its contribution to the global burden of disease, and addresses some of the knowledge gaps in zinc biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Leigh Ackland
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.
| | - Agnes A Michalczyk
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
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114
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Miliku K, Vinkhuyzen A, Blanken LM, McGrath JJ, Eyles DW, Burne TH, Hofman A, Tiemeier H, Steegers EA, Gaillard R, Jaddoe VW. Maternal vitamin D concentrations during pregnancy, fetal growth patterns, and risks of adverse birth outcomes. Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 103:1514-22. [PMID: 27099250 PMCID: PMC5410992 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.123752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy may affect fetal outcomes. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine whether maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations in pregnancy affect fetal growth patterns and birth outcomes. DESIGN This was a population-based prospective cohort in Rotterdam, Netherlands in 7098 mothers and their offspring. We measured 25(OH)D concentrations at a median gestational age of 20.3 wk (range: 18.5-23.3 wk). Vitamin D concentrations were analyzed continuously and in quartiles. Fetal head circumference and body length and weight were estimated by repeated ultrasounds, and preterm birth (gestational age <37 wk) and small size for gestational age (less than the fifth percentile) were determined. RESULTS Adjusted multivariate regression analyses showed that, compared with mothers with second-trimester 25(OH)D concentrations in the highest quartile, those with 25(OH)D concentrations in the lower quartiles had offspring with third-trimester fetal growth restriction, leading to a smaller head circumference, shorter body length, and lower body weight at birth (all P < 0.05). Mothers who had 25(OH)D concentrations in the lowest quartile had an increased risk of preterm delivery (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.60) and children who were small for gestational age (OR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.33, 3.22). The estimated population attributable risk of 25(OH)D concentrations <50 nmol/L for preterm birth or small size for gestational age were 17.3% and 22.6%, respectively. The observed associations were not based on extreme 25(OH)D deficiency, but presented within the common ranges. CONCLUSIONS Low maternal 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with proportional fetal growth restriction and with an increased risk of preterm birth and small size for gestational age at birth. Further studies are needed to investigate the causality of these associations and the potential for public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozeta Miliku
- Generation R Study Group, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Paediatrics
| | - Anna Vinkhuyzen
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia
| | - Laura Me Blanken
- Generation R Study Group, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, and
| | - John J McGrath
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia
| | - Darryl W Eyles
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia
| | - Thomas H Burne
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia
| | | | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, and
| | - Eric Ap Steegers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Romy Gaillard
- Generation R Study Group, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Paediatrics
| | - Vincent Wv Jaddoe
- Generation R Study Group, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Paediatrics,
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