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Nelson CH, Pandey UB. Function and dysfunction of GEMIN5: understanding a novel neurodevelopmental disorder. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2377-2386. [PMID: 38526274 PMCID: PMC11090446 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent identification of a neurodevelopmental disorder with cerebellar atrophy and motor dysfunction (NEDCAM) has resulted in an increased interest in GEMIN5, a multifunction RNA-binding protein. As the largest member of the survival motor neuron complex, GEMIN5 plays a key role in the biogenesis of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins while also exhibiting translational regulatory functions as an independent protein. Although many questions remain regarding both the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of this new disorder, considerable progress has been made in the brief time since its discovery. In this review, we examine GEMIN5 within the context of NEDCAM, focusing on the structure, function, and expression of the protein specifically in regard to the disorder itself. Additionally, we explore the current animal models of NEDCAM, as well as potential molecular pathways for treatment and future directions of study. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in our understanding of this unique member of the survival motor neuron complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H. Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Udai B. Pandey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Children’s Neuroscience Institute, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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102
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Wang S, He Q, Qu Y, Yin W, Zhao R, Wang X, Yang Y, Guo ZN. Emerging strategies for nerve repair and regeneration in ischemic stroke: neural stem cell therapy. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2430-2443. [PMID: 38526280 PMCID: PMC11090435 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with limited treatment options available in clinical practice. The emergence of stem cell therapy has provided new hope to the field of stroke treatment via the restoration of brain neuron function. Exogenous neural stem cells are beneficial not only in cell replacement but also through the bystander effect. Neural stem cells regulate multiple physiological responses, including nerve repair, endogenous regeneration, immune function, and blood-brain barrier permeability, through the secretion of bioactive substances, including extracellular vesicles/exosomes. However, due to the complex microenvironment of ischemic cerebrovascular events and the low survival rate of neural stem cells following transplantation, limitations in the treatment effect remain unresolved. In this paper, we provide a detailed summary of the potential mechanisms of neural stem cell therapy for the treatment of ischemic stroke, review current neural stem cell therapeutic strategies and clinical trial results, and summarize the latest advancements in neural stem cell engineering to improve the survival rate of neural stem cells. We hope that this review could help provide insight into the therapeutic potential of neural stem cells and guide future scientific endeavors on neural stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siji Wang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qianyan He
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wenjing Yin
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhao
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xuyutian Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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103
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Mao Y, Su C, Yang H, Ma X, Zhao F, Qu B, Yang Y, Hou X, Zhao B, Cui Y. PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 signalling pathway regulates MMP9 gene activation via transcription factor NF-κB in mammary epithelial cells of dairy cows. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2314100. [PMID: 38343377 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2314100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) plays a pivotal role in mammary ductal morphogenesis, angiogenesis and glandular tissue architecture remodeling. However, the molecular mechanism of MMP9 expression in mammary epithelial cells of dairy cows remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of MMP9 expression. In this study, to determine whether the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1/NF-κB signalling pathway participates in the regulation of MMP9 expression, we treated mammary epithelial cells with specific pharmacological inhibitors of PI3K (LY294002), mTORC1 (Rapamycin) or NF-κB (Celastrol), respectively. Western blotting results indicated that LY294002, Rapamycin and Celastrol markedly decreased MMP9 expression and P65 nuclear translocation. Furthermore, we found that NF-κB (P65) overexpression resulted in elevated expression of MMP9 protein and activation of MMP9 promoter. In addition, we observed that Celastrol markedly decreases P65-overexpression-induced MMP9 promoter activity. Moreover, the results of the promoter assay indicated that the core regulation sequence for MMP9 promoter activation may be located at -420 ∼ -80 bp downstream from the transcription start site. These observations indicated that the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 signalling pathway is involved in MMP9 expression by regulating MMP9 promoter activity via NF-κB in the mammary epithelial cells of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Mao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Chen Su
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xiaocong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Bo Qu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Hou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Bing Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yingjun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
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104
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Wu XF, Liu Y, Wang YG, Zhang F, Li WY. A novel 22-bp InDel within FGF7 gene is significantly associated with growth traits in goat. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2262537. [PMID: 37870116 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2262537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) is involved in lipid metabolism, which is considered as a candidate gene with close relation with muscle development by eGWAs and RNA-Seq analyses. To date, limited research has been conducted on the relationship between FGF7 gene and growth traits. The main objective of this work was to further investigate the association between novel InDel within FGF7 gene and growth traits in goat. Herein, FGF7 mRNA expression levels were investigated in various Fuqing goat tissues. We found that FGF7 gene was expressed in six adult goat tissues with the highest mRNA levels in adipose tissue. This result suggested that FGF7 gene might play a critical role in fat deposition. We also detected potential polymorphisms in Fuqing, Nubian and Jianyang Daer breeds. A 22-bp InDel polymorphism in FGF7 gene was detected in 396 goats and the three genotypes were designated as II, ID, and DD. Correlation analysis revealed that InDel polymorphism was significantly associated with growth traits (P < 0.05). Goats with genotypes ID and/or II had superior growth traits compared to those with genotype DD. In summary, our findings suggested that the 22-bp InDel within FGF7 gene could act as a molecular marker to improve the growth traits of goats in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Feng Wu
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ying-Gang Wang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fu Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wen-Yang Li
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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105
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Hou J, Li W, Xu X, Sun A, Xu G, Cheng Z, Zhang H, An X. MiR-2284b regulation of α-s1 casein synthesis in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2334725. [PMID: 38623994 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2334725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The lactation character of dairy goats is the most important characteristic, and milk protein is an important index to evaluate milk quality. Casein accounts for more than 80% of the total milk protein in goat milk and is the main component of milk protein. Using GMECs (goat mammary epithelial cells) as the research object, the CHECK2 vector of the CSN1S1 gene and the overexpression vector of pcDNA 3.1 were constructed, and the mimics of miR-2284b and the interfering RNA of CSN1S1 were synthesized. Using PCR, RT-qPCR, a dual luciferase activity detection system, EdU, CCK8, cell apoptosis detection and ELISA detection, we explored the regulatory mechanism and molecular mechanism of miR-2284b regulation of αs1-casein synthesis in GMECs. miR-2284b negatively regulates proliferation and apoptosis of GMECs and αs1-casein synthesis. Two new gene sequences of CSN1S1 were discovered. CSN1S1-1/-2 promoted the proliferation of GMECs and inhibited cell apoptosis. However, it had no effect on αs1-casein synthesis. MiR-2284b negatively regulates αs1-casein synthesis in GMECs by inhibiting the CSN1S1 gene. These results all indicated that miR-2284b could regulate αs1-casein synthesis, thus playing a theoretical guiding role in the future breeding process of dairy goats and accelerating the development of dairy goat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Hou
- College of Animal Engineering, Yangling Vocational & Technical College, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Wenfei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ganggang Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zefang Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Haoyuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng An
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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106
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Dong W, Liu S, Li S, Wang Z. Cell reprogramming therapy for Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2444-2455. [PMID: 38526281 PMCID: PMC11090434 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is typically characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Many studies have been performed based on the supplementation of lost dopaminergic neurons to treat Parkinson's disease. The initial strategy for cell replacement therapy used human fetal ventral midbrain and human embryonic stem cells to treat Parkinson's disease, which could substantially alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease in clinical practice. However, ethical issues and tumor formation were limitations of its clinical application. Induced pluripotent stem cells can be acquired without sacrificing human embryos, which eliminates the huge ethical barriers of human stem cell therapy. Another widely considered neuronal regeneration strategy is to directly reprogram fibroblasts and astrocytes into neurons, without the need for intermediate proliferation states, thus avoiding issues of immune rejection and tumor formation. Both induced pluripotent stem cells and direct reprogramming of lineage cells have shown promising results in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. However, there are also ethical concerns and the risk of tumor formation that need to be addressed. This review highlights the current application status of cell reprogramming in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, focusing on the use of induced pluripotent stem cells in cell replacement therapy, including preclinical animal models and progress in clinical research. The review also discusses the advancements in direct reprogramming of lineage cells in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, as well as the controversy surrounding in vivo reprogramming. These findings suggest that cell reprogramming may hold great promise as a potential strategy for treating Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shuyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shangang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhengbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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107
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Liu K, Liu Y, Chu M. Detection of polymorphisms in six genes and their association analysis with litter size in sheep. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2309954. [PMID: 38294691 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2309954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Litter size in sheep is a complex trait controlled by micro-effective polygenes. APAF1, CLSTN2, CTH, PLCB1, PLCB4, and CHST11 are all involved in mammalian reproduction. However, the effects of these genes on litter size in sheep are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we used Sequenom MassARRAY® SNP assay technology to type the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci of six genes in five sheep breeds. The results showed that most sheep breeds contain three genotypes at each locus. Then, we conducted population genetic analysis on the SNPs of six genes and found that the polymorphic information content in all sheep breeds ranged from 0 to 0.37, and most sheep breeds were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05). In addition, association analysis in Small Tail Han sheep indicated that the rs399534524 locus in CLSTN2 was highly associated with first parity litter size, and litter size in ewes with CT genotype was higher than that in ewes with CC genotype or TT genotype. Furthermore, the rs407142552 locus in CTH was highly associated with second parity litter size in Small Tail Han sheep, and litter size in ewes with CT genotype was higher than that in ewes with TT genotype. Finally, we predicted the CTH and CLSTN2 protein interaction network and found that HTR1E, NOM1, CCDC174 and ALPK3 interact with CLSTN2 and have been reported as candidate genes related to litter size in sheep. These results suggest that they may be useful genetic markers for increasing litter size in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Yufang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
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108
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Xie Y, An L, Wang X, Ma Y, Bayoude A, Fan X, Yu B, Li R. Protection effect of Dioscoreae Rhizoma against ethanol-induced gastric injury in vitro and in vivo: A phytochemical and pharmacological study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118427. [PMID: 38844251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dioscoreae Rhizoma, a kind of Chinese yam, is a medicinal and edible plant used in China for strengthening the spleen and stomach. However, there is a lack of modern pharmacology studies regarding its anti-gastric injury activity. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition of Chinese yam aqueous extract (CYW) and evaluate its gastroprotective effects against ethanol-induced gastric injury in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS The active components of CYW were identified using HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS in combination with the GNPS molecular networking and network pharmacology. In vitro studies were performed in the RAW264.7/GES-1 cell coculture system. In vivo study, mice were treated with CYW (0.31, 0.63, and 3.14 g/kg BW, orally) for 14 days, followed by a single oral dose of ethanol (10 mL/kg BW) to induce gastric injury. The biochemical, inflammation and oxidative stress markers were analyzed using commercial kits. Histopathology was used to assess the degree of gastric injury. Gene and protein expressions were studied using RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. RESULTS CYW significantly restored the levels of SOD, GPx and CAT, and reduced the MDA content. Further analyses showed that CYW significantly alleviated the gastric oxidative stress by inhibiting the inflammation via decreasing p-NF-κB and p-IκB-α expression levels and inhibiting the generation of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. At the same time, the fraction remarkably upregulated Bcl-2, downregulated Bax and increased growth factor secretion, thereby prevented gastric mucous cell. Besides, The combination of HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, GNPS molecular networking analysis, and network pharmacology demonstrated that linoleic acid, 3-acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid, adenosine, aminocaproic acid, tyramine, DL-tryptophan, cycloleucine, lactulose, melibiose, alpha-beta-trehalose, and sucrose would be the main active compounds of CYW against ethanol-induced gastric injury. CONCLUSION This study showed that CYW is potentially rich source of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds. It showed efficacy against ethanol-induced gastric injury by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the stomach. The results of the current work indicate that Dioscoreae Rhizoma could be utilized as a type of natural resource for production of new medicine and functional foods to prevent and/or ameliorate ethanol-induced gastric injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Xie
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Luyao An
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Yajie Ma
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Alamusi Bayoude
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Xinxin Fan
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Renshi Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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109
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Pramanik R, Dey A, Chakrabarty AK, Banerjee D, Narwaria A, Sharma S, Rai RK, Katiyar CK, Dubey SK. Diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease: Understanding disease mechanisms, their correlation, and promising dual activity of selected herbs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118402. [PMID: 38821139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This review explores the link between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and diabetes-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD). It emphasizes the shared pathophysiological links and mechanisms between the two conditions, focusing on reduced insulin levels and receptors, impaired glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative damage in AD-affected brains-paralleling aspects of T2DM. The review suggests AD as a "diabetes of the brain," supported by cognitive enhancement through antidiabetic interventions. It focuses on the traditionally used Indian herbs as a means to manage both conditions while addressing developmental challenges. AIM OF THE STUDY This study explores the DM-AD connection, reviewing medicinal herbs with protective potential for both ailments, considering traditional uses and developmental challenges. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studied research, reviews, and ethnobotanical and scientific data from electronic databases and traditional books. RESULTS The study analyzes the pathophysiological links between DM and AD, emphasizing their interconnected factors. Eight Ayurvedic plants with dual protective effects against T2DM and AD are thoroughly reviewed with preclinical/clinical evidence. Historical context, phytoconstituents, and traditional applications are explored. Innovative formulations using these plants are examined. Challenges stemming from phytoconstituents' physicochemical properties are highlighted, prompting novel formulation development, including nanotechnology-based delivery systems. The study uncovers obstacles in formulating treatments for these diseases. CONCLUSION The review showcases the dual potential of chosen medicinal herbs against both diseases, along with their traditional applications, endorsing their use. It addresses formulation obstacles, proposing innovative delivery technologies for herbal therapies, while acknowledging their constraints. The review suggests the need for heightened investment and research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Pramanik
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Anuradha Dey
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | | | - Dipankar Banerjee
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Avinash Narwaria
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajiva Kumar Rai
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Chandra Kant Katiyar
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Dubey
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India.
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110
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Liu M, Hu M, Liu R, Wang L, Wang J, Wang Y, Zhang R, Wang H, Liu M, Zhang Y, Wang L, Pei W, Zhang Y. Unveiling the role of APOM gene in liver cancer: Investigating the impact of hsa-miR-4489/MUC1-mediated ferroptosis on the advancement of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Gene 2024; 925:148591. [PMID: 38788818 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer has consistently exhibited a high prevalence and fatality rate, necessitating the investigation of associated diagnostic markers and inhibition mechanisms to effectively mitigate its impact. The significance of apolipoprotein M (ApoM) in impeding the progression of neoplastic ailments is progressively gaining recognition. However, a comprehensive understanding of its underlying mechanism in liver cancer advancement remains to be elucidated. Recent evidence indicates a potential association between ApoM and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), with the peroxidation of phospholipids (PLs) containing PUFAs being recognized as a crucial element in the occurrence of ferroptosis. This prompts us to investigate the impact of the APOM gene on the progression of liver cancer through the ferroptosis pathway and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. The findings of this study indicate that the liver cancer cell model, which was genetically modified to overexpress the APOM gene, demonstrated a heightened ferroptosis effect. Moreover, the observed inhibition of the GSH (Glutathione) - GPX4 (Glutathione Peroxidase 4) regulatory axis suggests that the role of this axis in inhibiting ferroptosis is weakened. Through intersection screening and validation, we found that Mucin 1,cell surface associated (MUC1) can inhibit ferroptosis and is regulated by the APOM gene. Bioinformatics analysis and screening identified miR-4489 as a mediator between the two. Experimental results using the dual luciferase reporter gene confirmed that has-miR-4489 targets MUC1's 3'-UTR and inhibits its expression. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that the APOM gene induces a down-regulation in the expression of the ferroptosis-inhibiting gene MUC1, mediated by miR-4489, thereby impeding the advancement of liver cancer cells through the facilitation of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Mengyu Hu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Rong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Ling Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Jingtong Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Ruixi Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Mengru Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Lizhuo Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Wenjun Pei
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China.
| | - Yao Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China.
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111
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Vigneau J, Martinho C, Godfroy O, Zheng M, Haas FB, Borg M, Coelho SM. Interactions between U and V sex chromosomes during the life cycle of Ectocarpus. Development 2024; 151:dev202677. [PMID: 38512707 PMCID: PMC11057875 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
In many animals and flowering plants, sex determination occurs in the diploid phase of the life cycle with XX/XY or ZW/ZZ sex chromosomes. However, in early diverging plants and most macroalgae, sex is determined by female (U) or male (V) sex chromosomes in a haploid phase called the gametophyte. Once the U and V chromosomes unite at fertilization to produce a diploid sporophyte, sex determination no longer occurs, raising key questions about the fate of the U and V sex chromosomes in the sporophyte phase. Here, we investigate genetic and molecular interactions of the UV sex chromosomes in both the haploid and diploid phases of the brown alga Ectocarpus. We reveal extensive developmental regulation of sex chromosome genes across its life cycle and implicate the TALE-HD transcription factor OUROBOROS in suppressing sex determination in the diploid phase. Small RNAs may also play a role in the repression of a female sex-linked gene, and transition to the diploid sporophyte coincides with major reconfiguration of histone H3K79me2, suggesting a more intricate role for this histone mark in Ectocarpus development than previously appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olivier Godfroy
- Roscoff Biological Station, CNRS-Sorbonne University, Place Georges Teissier, Roscoff 29680, France
| | - Min Zheng
- Max Planck Institute for Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fabian B. Haas
- Max Planck Institute for Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Borg
- Max Planck Institute for Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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112
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Rutowicz K, Lüthi J, de Groot R, Holtackers R, Yakimovich Y, Pazmiño DM, Gandrillon O, Pelkmans L, Baroux C. Multiscale chromatin dynamics and high entropy in plant iPSC ancestors. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261703. [PMID: 38738286 PMCID: PMC11234377 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant protoplasts provide starting material for of inducing pluripotent cell masses that are competent for tissue regeneration in vitro, analogous to animal induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Dedifferentiation is associated with large-scale chromatin reorganisation and massive transcriptome reprogramming, characterised by stochastic gene expression. How this cellular variability reflects on chromatin organisation in individual cells and what factors influence chromatin transitions during culturing are largely unknown. Here, we used high-throughput imaging and a custom supervised image analysis protocol extracting over 100 chromatin features of cultured protoplasts. The analysis revealed rapid, multiscale dynamics of chromatin patterns with a trajectory that strongly depended on nutrient availability. Decreased abundance in H1 (linker histones) is hallmark of chromatin transitions. We measured a high heterogeneity of chromatin patterns indicating intrinsic entropy as a hallmark of the initial cultures. We further measured an entropy decline over time, and an antagonistic influence by external and intrinsic factors, such as phytohormones and epigenetic modifiers, respectively. Collectively, our study benchmarks an approach to understand the variability and evolution of chromatin patterns underlying plant cell reprogramming in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Rutowicz
- Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joel Lüthi
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinoud de Groot
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - René Holtackers
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yauhen Yakimovich
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Diana M. Pazmiño
- Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Gandrillon
- Laboratory of Biology and Modeling of the Cell, University of Lyon, ENS de Lyon,69342 Lyon, France
| | - Lucas Pelkmans
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Célia Baroux
- Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
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113
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Bai Y, Lv YN, Zeng M, Yan ZY, Huang DY, Wen JZ, Lu HN, Zhang PY, Wang YF, Ban N, Yuan DW, Li S, Luan YX. E93 is indispensable for reproduction in ametabolous and hemimetabolous insects. Development 2024; 151:dev202518. [PMID: 38646855 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Ecdysone-induced protein 93 (E93), known as the 'adult-specifier' transcription factor in insects, triggers metamorphosis in both hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects. Although E93 is conserved in ametabolous insects, its spatiotemporal expression and physiological function remain poorly understood. In this study, we first discover that, in the ametabolous firebrat Thermobia domestica, the previtellogenic ovary exhibits cyclically high E93 expression, and E93 mRNA is broadly distributed in previtellogenic ovarioles. E93 homozygous mutant females of T. domestica exhibit severe fecundity deficiency due to impaired previtellogenic development of the ovarian follicles, likely because E93 induces the expression of genes involved in ECM (extracellular matrix)-receptor interactions during previtellogenesis. Moreover, we reveal that in the hemimetabolous cockroach Blattella germanica, E93 similarly promotes previtellogenic ovarian development. In addition, E93 is also essential for vitellogenesis that is necessary to guarantee ovarian maturation and promotes the vitellogenesis-previtellogenesis switch in the fat body of adult female cockroaches. Our findings deepen the understanding of the roles of E93 in controlling reproduction in insects, and of E93 expression and functional evolution, which are proposed to have made crucial contributions to the origin of insect metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou 514000, China
| | - Ya-Nan Lv
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Mei Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zi-Yu Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Dan-Yan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jia-Zhen Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hu-Na Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Pei-Yan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Ning Ban
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Dong-Wei Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou 514000, China
| | - Yun-Xia Luan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou 514000, China
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114
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Riggs CL, Kedersha N, Amarsanaa M, Zubair SN, Ivanov P, Anderson P. UBAP2L contributes to formation of P-bodies and modulates their association with stress granules. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202307146. [PMID: 39007803 PMCID: PMC11248227 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202307146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress triggers the formation of two distinct cytoplasmic biomolecular condensates: stress granules (SGs) and processing bodies (PBs), both of which may contribute to stress-responsive translation regulation. Though PBs can be present constitutively, stress can increase their number and size and lead to their interaction with stress-induced SGs. The mechanism of such interaction, however, is largely unknown. Formation of canonical SGs requires the RNA binding protein Ubiquitin-Associated Protein 2-Like (UBAP2L), which is a central SG node protein in the RNA-protein interaction network of SGs and PBs. UBAP2L binds to the essential SG and PB proteins G3BP and DDX6, respectively. Research on UBAP2L has mostly focused on its role in SGs, but not its connection to PBs. We find that UBAP2L is not solely an SG protein but also localizes to PBs in certain conditions, contributes to PB biogenesis and SG-PB interactions, and can nucleate hybrid granules containing SG and PB components in cells. These findings inform a new model for SG and PB formation in the context of UBAP2L's role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Riggs
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy Kedersha
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Misheel Amarsanaa
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, USA
| | - Safiyah Noor Zubair
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pavel Ivanov
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul Anderson
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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115
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McKimpson WM, Spiegel S, Mukhanova M, Kraakman M, Du W, Kitamoto T, Yu J, Deng Z, Pajvani U, Accili D. Calorie restriction activates a gastric Notch-FOXO1 pathway to expand ghrelin cells. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202305093. [PMID: 38958606 PMCID: PMC11222742 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202305093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction increases lifespan. Among the tissue-specific protective effects of calorie restriction, the impact on the gastrointestinal tract remains unclear. We report increased numbers of chromogranin A-positive (+), including orexigenic ghrelin+ cells, in the stomach of calorie-restricted mice. This effect was accompanied by increased Notch target Hes1 and Notch ligand Jag1 and was reversed by blocking Notch with DAPT, a gamma-secretase inhibitor. Primary cultures and genetically modified reporter mice show that increased endocrine cell abundance is due to altered Lgr5+ stem and Neurog3+ endocrine progenitor cell proliferation. Different from the intestine, calorie restriction decreased gastric Lgr5+ stem cells, while increasing a FOXO1/Neurog3+ subpopulation of endocrine progenitors in a Notch-dependent manner. Further, activation of FOXO1 was sufficient to promote endocrine cell differentiation independent of Notch. The Notch inhibitor PF-03084014 or ghrelin receptor antagonist GHRP-6 reversed the phenotypic effects of calorie restriction in mice. Tirzepatide additionally expanded ghrelin+ cells in mice. In summary, calorie restriction promotes Notch-dependent, FOXO1-regulated gastric endocrine cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy M. McKimpson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sophia Spiegel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Mukhanova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Kraakman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wen Du
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takumi Kitamoto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Junjie Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhaobin Deng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Utpal Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Domenico Accili
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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116
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Salvador-Garcia D, Jin L, Hensley A, Gölcük M, Gallaud E, Chaaban S, Port F, Vagnoni A, Planelles-Herrero VJ, McClintock MA, Derivery E, Carter AP, Giet R, Gür M, Yildiz A, Bullock SL. A force-sensitive mutation reveals a non-canonical role for dynein in anaphase progression. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202310022. [PMID: 38949648 PMCID: PMC11215527 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202310022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The diverse roles of the dynein motor in shaping microtubule networks and cargo transport complicate in vivo analysis of its functions significantly. To address this issue, we have generated a series of missense mutations in Drosophila Dynein heavy chain. We show that mutations associated with human neurological disease cause a range of defects, including impaired cargo trafficking in neurons. We also describe a novel microtubule-binding domain mutation that specifically blocks the metaphase-anaphase transition during mitosis in the embryo. This effect is independent from dynein's canonical role in silencing the spindle assembly checkpoint. Optical trapping of purified dynein complexes reveals that this mutation only compromises motor performance under load, a finding rationalized by the results of all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. We propose that dynein has a novel function in anaphase progression that depends on it operating in a specific load regime. More broadly, our work illustrates how in vivo functions of motors can be dissected by manipulating their mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Salvador-Garcia
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Li Jin
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Hensley
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Mert Gölcük
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emmanuel Gallaud
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Sami Chaaban
- Structural Studies Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fillip Port
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alessio Vagnoni
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Mark A. McClintock
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emmanuel Derivery
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew P. Carter
- Structural Studies Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Régis Giet
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Mert Gür
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ahmet Yildiz
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Simon L. Bullock
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
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117
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Park K, Garde A, Thendral SB, Soh AW, Chi Q, Sherwood DR. De novo lipid synthesis and polarized prenylation drive cell invasion through basement membrane. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202402035. [PMID: 39007804 PMCID: PMC11248228 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202402035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
To breach the basement membrane, cells in development and cancer use large, transient, specialized lipid-rich membrane protrusions. Using live imaging, endogenous protein tagging, and cell-specific RNAi during Caenorhabditis elegans anchor cell (AC) invasion, we demonstrate that the lipogenic SREBP transcription factor SBP-1 drives the expression of the fatty acid synthesis enzymes POD-2 and FASN-1 prior to invasion. We show that phospholipid-producing LPIN-1 and sphingomyelin synthase SMS-1, which use fatty acids as substrates, produce lysosome stores that build the AC's invasive protrusion, and that SMS-1 also promotes protrusion localization of the lipid raft partitioning ZMP-1 matrix metalloproteinase. Finally, we discover that HMG-CoA reductase HMGR-1, which generates isoprenoids for prenylation, localizes to the ER and enriches in peroxisomes at the AC invasive front, and that the final transmembrane prenylation enzyme, ICMT-1, localizes to endoplasmic reticulum exit sites that dynamically polarize to deliver prenylated GTPases for protrusion formation. Together, these results reveal a collaboration between lipogenesis and a polarized lipid prenylation system that drives invasive protrusion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieop Park
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aastha Garde
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Adam W.J. Soh
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Qiuyi Chi
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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118
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Lan T, He S, Luo X, Pi Z, Lai W, Jiang C, Gan J, Wei S, Wu Z, Yun C, Leng J, Li C. Disruption of NADPH homeostasis by total flavonoids from Adinandra nitida Merr. ex Li leaves triggers ROS-dependent p53 activation leading to apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118340. [PMID: 38762212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Adinandra nitida Merr. ex Li leaves serve as a herbal tea and hold a significant role in traditional Chinese medicine, being applied to assist in tumor treatment. Flavonoids present the primary bioactive constituents in Adinandra nitida Merr. ex Li leaves. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the potential of total flavonoids from Adinandra nitida Merr. ex Li Leaves (TFAN) in inhibiting non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and further elucidate the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human NSCLC cell lines and normal lung cell line were employed to assess the impact of TFAN (0-160 μg/mL for 24, 28 and 72 h) on cell proliferation in vitro. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining gauged p53 expression changes in NSCLC cells under TFAN present condition (150 μg/mL for 24 h). In vivo study utilized NSCLC cell derived xenograft tumors in nude mice, administering TFAN orally (200 and 400 mg/kg) for 14 days. Immunohistochemistry assessed Cleaved Caspase 3 expression change in A549 xenograft tumors treated with TFAN (400 mg/kg for 14 days). RNA-seq and KEGG analysis identified gene expression changes and enriched processes in A549 xenograft tumors treated with TFAN. CM-H2DCFDA and metabolomics assessed ROS level and GSH/GSSG pool changes in A549 cells under TFAN present condition. Cell viability assay and IF staining assessed A549 cell proliferation and p53 expression changes under H2O2-induced oxidative stress (0-40 μM for 24 h) and TFAN present conditions. GSEA and N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) rescue (0-1 μM for 24 h) analyzed the impact of TFAN on GSH de novo synthesis. NADPH/NADP+ pool measurement and NADPH rescue (0-10 μM for 24 h) analyzed the impact of TFAN on GSH salvage synthesis. GC-FID and HPLC-MS were utilized to detect ethanol and ethyl acetate residues, and to characterize the chemical constituents in TFAN, respectively. The total flavonoid content of TFAN was determined using a 330 nm wavelength. RESULTS TFAN significantly inhibited A549 cells (wild-type p53) but not NCI-H1299 cells (p53-deficient), NCI-H596 cells (p53-mutant) or BEAS-2B in vitro. IF staining validated p53 genotype for the cell lines and revealed an increase in p53 expression in A549 cells after TFAN treatment. In vivo, TFAN selectively inhibited A549 xenograft tumor growth without discernible toxicity, inducing apoptosis evidenced by Cleaved Caspase 3 upregulation. RNA-seq and KEGG analysis suggested ROS biosynthesis was involved in TFAN-induced p53 activation in A549 cells. Elevated ROS level in TFAN-treated A549 cells were observed. Moreover, TFAN sensitized A549 cells to H2O2-induced oxidative stress, with higher p53 expression. Additionally, A549 cells compensated with GSH de novo synthesis under TFAN present condition, confirmed by GSEA and NAC rescue experiment. TFAN disrupted NADPH homeostasis to impair GSH salvage biosynthesis, supported by NADPH/NADP+ change and NADPH rescue experiment. The chemical constituents of TFAN, with acceptable limits for ethanol and ethyl acetate residues and a total flavonoid content of 68.87%, included Catechin, Epicatechin, Quercitroside, Camellianin A, and Apigenin. CONCLUSION The disruption of NADPH homeostasis by TFAN triggers ROS-dependent p53 activation that leads to apoptotic cell death, ultimately suppressing NSCLC growth. These findings offer potential therapeutic implications of Adinandra nitida Merr. ex Li leaves in combating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taijin Lan
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Integrative Translational Medicine of Guangxi High Incidence Infectious Diseases, Nanning 530200, China; School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Songhua He
- Guangxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xuefei Luo
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Zhenyu Pi
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Weihui Lai
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Chunhui Jiang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Jun Gan
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Suyun Wei
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Zhanshuai Wu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Chenxia Yun
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Translational Medicine of Guangxi High Incidence Infectious Diseases, Nanning 530200, China.
| | - Jing Leng
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Translational Medicine of Guangxi High Incidence Infectious Diseases, Nanning 530200, China.
| | - Changlong Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Xiong X, Li X, Zhang S, Hu Z, Liu T, Qiu Z, Cao J, Huang L, Yan C. Identification and fine mapping of Brmmd1 gene controlling recessive genic male sterility in Brassica rapa L. Gene 2024; 924:148558. [PMID: 38740353 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Recessive genic male sterility (RGMS) provides an effective approach for the commercial exploitation of heterosis, especially in Brassica crops. Although some artificial RGMS mutants have been reported in B. rapa, no causal genes derived from these natural mutants have been identified so far. In this study, a spontaneous RGMS mutant Bcajh97-01A derived from the 'Aijiaohuang' line traced back to the 1980 s was identified. Genetic analysis revealed that the RGMS trait was controlled by a single locus in the Bcajh97-01A/B system. Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) in combination with linkage analysis was employed to delimit the causal gene to an approximate 129 kb interval on chromosome A02. The integrated information of transcriptional levels and the predicted genes in the target region indicated that the Brmmd1 (BraA02g017420) encoding a PHD-containing nuclear protein was the most likely candidate gene. A 374 bp miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) was inserted into the first exon to prematurely stop the Brmmd1 gene translation, thus blocking the normal expression of this gene at the tetrad stage in the Bcajh97-01A. Additionally, a co-segregating structure variation (SV) marker was developed to rapidly screen the RGMS progenies from Bcajh97-01A/B system. Our findings reveal that BraA02g017420 is the causal gene responsible for the RGMS trait. This study lays a foundation for marker-assisted selection and further molecular mechanism exploration of pollen development in B. rapa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingpeng Xiong
- College of Bioengineering, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen 448000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyao Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Ecological Cultivation On Highland, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Ecological Cultivation On Highland, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Ecological Cultivation On Highland, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Zhejiang Institute of Landscape Plants and Flowers, Hangzhou 311251, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengming Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Ecological Cultivation On Highland, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiashu Cao
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Huang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chenghuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Ecological Cultivation On Highland, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, People's Republic of China.
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Ferdoush J, Kadir RA, Ogle M, Saha A. Regulation of eukaryotic transcription initiation in response to cellular stress. Gene 2024; 924:148616. [PMID: 38795856 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Transcription initiation is a vital step in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. It can be dysregulated in response to various cellular stressors which is associated with numerous human diseases including cancer. Transcription initiation is facilitated via many gene-specific trans-regulatory elements such as transcription factors, activators, and coactivators through their interactions with transcription pre-initiation complex (PIC). These trans-regulatory elements can uniquely facilitate PIC formation (hence, transcription initiation) in response to cellular nutrient stress. Cellular nutrient stress also regulates the activity of other pathways such as target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway. TOR pathway exhibits distinct regulatory mechanisms of transcriptional activation in response to stress. Like TOR pathway, the cell cycle regulatory pathway is also found to be linked to transcriptional regulation in response to cellular stress. Several transcription factors such as p53, C/EBP Homologous Protein (CHOP), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6α), E2F, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), SMAD, and MYC have been implicated in regulation of transcription of target genes involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and DNA damage repair pathways. Additionally, cellular metabolic and oxidative stressors have been found to regulate the activity of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA). LncRNA regulates transcription by upregulating or downregulating the transcription regulatory proteins involved in metabolic and cell signaling pathways. Numerous human diseases, triggered by chronic cellular stressors, are associated with abnormal regulation of transcription. Hence, understanding these mechanisms would help unravel the molecular regulatory insights with potential therapeutic interventions. Therefore, here we emphasize the recent advances of regulation of eukaryotic transcription initiation in response to cellular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannatul Ferdoush
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA.
| | - Rizwaan Abdul Kadir
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA
| | - Matthew Ogle
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA
| | - Ayan Saha
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Asian University for Women, Chattogram, Bangladesh
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Smith M, Lesperance M, Herrmann A, Vernooy S, Cherian A, Kivlehan E, Whipple L, Portman DS, Mason DA. Two C. elegans DM domain proteins, DMD-3 and MAB-3, function in late stages of male somatic gonad development. Dev Biol 2024; 514:50-65. [PMID: 38880276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
To bring about sexual dimorphism in form, information from the sex determination pathway must trigger sex-specific modifications in developmental programs. DM-domain encoding genes have been found to be involved in sex determination in a multitude of animals, often at the level of male somatic gonad formation. Here we report our findings that the DM-domain transcription factors MAB-3 and DMD-3 function together in multiple steps during the late stages of C. elegans male somatic gonad development. Both mab-3 and dmd-3 are expressed in the linker cell and hindgut of L4 males and dmd-3 is also expressed in presumptive vas deferens cells. Furthermore, dmd-3, but not mab-3, expression in the linker cell is downstream of nhr-67, a nuclear hormone receptor that was previously shown to control late stages of linker cell migration. In mab-3; dmd-3 double mutant males, the last stage of linker cell migration is partially defective, resulting in aberrant linker cell shapes and often a failure of the linker cell to complete its migration to the hindgut. When mab-3; dmd-3 double mutant linker cells do complete their migration, they fail to be engulfed by the hindgut, indicating that dmd-3 and mab-3 activity are essential for this process. Furthermore, linker cell death and clearance are delayed in mab-3; dmd-3 double mutants, resulting in the linker cell persisting into adulthood. Finally, DMD-3 and MAB-3 function to activate expression of the bZIP transcription factor encoding gene zip-5 and downregulate the expression of the zinc metalloprotease ZMP-1 in the linker cell. Taken together, these results demonstrate a requirement for DM-domain transcription factors in controlling C. elegans male gonad formation, supporting the notion that the earliest DM-domain genes were involved in male somatic gonad development in the last common ancestor of the bilaterians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Smith
- Biology Department, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA
| | | | - Alyssa Herrmann
- Biology Department, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA
| | | | - Asher Cherian
- Biology Department, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA
| | - Emily Kivlehan
- Biology Department, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA
| | - Lauren Whipple
- Biology Department, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA
| | - Douglas S Portman
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA; Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - D Adam Mason
- Biology Department, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA; Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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122
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Tan J, Wang Z, Huang Z, Huang A, Zhang H, Huang L, Song N, Xin G, Jiang K, Sun X. Glutamine maintains the stability of alveolar structure and function after lung transplantation by inhibiting autophagy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 727:150308. [PMID: 38968769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Excessive autophagy may lead to degradation and damage of alveolar epithelial cells after lung transplantation, eventually leading to alveolar epithelial cell loss, affecting the structural integrity and function of alveoli. Glutamine (Gln), a nutritional supplement, regulates autophagy through multiple signaling pathways. In this study, we explored the protective role of Gln on alveolar epithelial cells by inhibiting autophagy. In vivo, a rat orthotopic lung transplant model was carried out to evaluate the therapeutic effect of glutamine. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced alveolar collapse, edema, epithelial cell apoptosis, and inflammation, which led to a reduction of alveolar physiological function, such as an increase in peak airway pressure, and a decrease in lung compliance and oxygenation index. In comparison, Gln preserved alveolar structure and function by reducing alveolar apoptosis, inflammation, and edema. In vitro, a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cell model was performed to simulate IR injury on mouse lung epithelial (MLE) cells and human lung bronchus epithelial (Beas-2B) cells. H/R impaired the proliferation of epithelial cells and triggered cell apoptosis. In contrast, Gln normalized cell proliferation and suppressed I/R-induced cell apoptosis. The activation of mTOR and the downregulation of autophagy-related proteins (LC3, Atg5, Beclin1) were observed in Gln-treated lung tissues and alveolar epithelial cells. Both in vivo and in vitro, rapamycin, a classical mTOR inhibitor, reversed the beneficial effects of Gln on alveolar structure and function. Taken together, Glnpreserved alveolar structure and function after lung transplantation by inhibiting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhaokai Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhihong Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ai Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Naicheng Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Gaojie Xin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xiangfu Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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123
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Fujii C, Zorumski CF, Izumi Y. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, neuroinflammation, and sigma 1 receptors as contributors to depression and its treatment. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2202-2211. [PMID: 38488553 PMCID: PMC11034583 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiological factors contributing to depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders are largely undefined. Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and autophagy are well-defined mechanisms that play critical functions in recognizing and resolving cellular stress and are possible targets for the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatric and neurologic illnesses. An increasing number of studies indicate the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in the control of neuroinflammation, a contributing factor to multiple neuropsychiatric illnesses. Initial inflammatory triggers induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to neuroinflammatory responses. Subsequently, induction of autophagy by neurosteroids and other signaling pathways that converge on autophagy induction are thought to participate in resolving neuroinflammation. The aim of this review is to summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. Studies focused on innate immune factors, including neurosteroids with anti-inflammatory roles will be reviewed. In the context of depression, animal models that led to our current understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying depression will be highlighted, including the roles of sigma 1 receptors and pharmacological agents that dampen endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Fujii
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charles F. Zorumski
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yukitoshi Izumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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124
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Hou S, Guo X, Du J, Ding X, Ning X, Wang H, Chen H, Liu B, Lan Y. New insights into the endothelial origin of hematopoietic system inspired by "TIF" approaches. BLOOD SCIENCE 2024; 6:e00199. [PMID: 39027902 PMCID: PMC11254119 DOI: 10.1097/bs9.0000000000000199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) are derived from a specialized subset of endothelial cells named hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) via a process of endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition during embryogenesis. Recently, with the usage of multiple single-cell technologies and advanced genetic lineage tracing techniques, namely, "TIF" approaches that combining transcriptome, immunophenotype and function/fate analyses, massive new insights have been achieved regarding the cellular and molecular evolution underlying the emergence of HSPCs from embryonic vascular beds. In this review, we focus on the most recent advances in the enrichment markers, functional characteristics, developmental paths, molecular controls, and the embryonic site-relevance of the key intermediate cell populations bridging embryonic vascular and hematopoietic systems, namely HECs and pre-hematopoietic stem cells, the immediate progenies of some HECs, in mouse and human embryos. Specifically, using expression analyses at both transcriptional and protein levels and especially efficient functional assays, we propose that the onset of Kit expression is at the HEC stage, which has previously been controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Hou
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Guo
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjie Du
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Ding
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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125
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Blank HM, Hammer SE, Boatright L, Roberts C, Heyden KE, Nagarajan A, Tsuchiya M, Brun M, Johnson CD, Stover PJ, Sitcheran R, Kennedy BK, Adams LG, Kaeberlein M, Field MS, Threadgill DW, Andrews-Polymenis HL, Polymenis M. Late-life dietary folate restriction reduces biosynthesis without compromising healthspan in mice. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402868. [PMID: 39043420 PMCID: PMC11266815 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Folate is a vitamin required for cell growth and is present in fortified foods in the form of folic acid to prevent congenital abnormalities. The impact of low-folate status on life-long health is poorly understood. We found that limiting folate levels with the folate antagonist methotrexate increased the lifespan of yeast and worms. We then restricted folate intake in aged mice and measured various health metrics, metabolites, and gene expression signatures. Limiting folate intake decreased anabolic biosynthetic processes in mice and enhanced metabolic plasticity. Despite reduced serum folate levels in mice with limited folic acid intake, these animals maintained their weight and adiposity late in life, and we did not observe adverse health outcomes. These results argue that the effectiveness of folate dietary interventions may vary depending on an individual's age and sex. A higher folate intake is advantageous during the early stages of life to support cell divisions needed for proper development. However, a lower folate intake later in life may result in healthier aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi M Blank
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Staci E Hammer
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Laurel Boatright
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Courtney Roberts
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Katarina E Heyden
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Aravindh Nagarajan
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Mitsuhiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marcel Brun
- Texas A&M Agrilife Research, Genomics and Bioinformatics Service, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Charles D Johnson
- Texas A&M Agrilife Research, Genomics and Bioinformatics Service, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Patrick J Stover
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Raquel Sitcheran
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Brian K Kennedy
- Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L Garry Adams
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Matt Kaeberlein
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Optispan, Inc., Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Martha S Field
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - David W Threadgill
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Helene L Andrews-Polymenis
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Michael Polymenis
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Amo-Aparicio J, Dinarello CA, Lopez-Vales R. Metabolic reprogramming of the inflammatory response in the nervous system: the crossover between inflammation and metabolism. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2189-2201. [PMID: 38488552 PMCID: PMC11034585 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolism is a fundamental process by which biochemicals are broken down to produce energy (catabolism) or used to build macromolecules (anabolism). Metabolism has received renewed attention as a mechanism that generates molecules that modulate multiple cellular responses. This was first identified in cancer cells as the Warburg effect, but it is also present in immunocompetent cells. Studies have revealed a bidirectional influence of cellular metabolism and immune cell function, highlighting the significance of metabolic reprogramming in immune cell activation and effector functions. Metabolic processes such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid oxidation have been shown to undergo dynamic changes during immune cell response, facilitating the energetic and biosynthetic demands. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the metabolic reprogramming that occurs in different immune cells upon activation, with a special focus on central nervous system disorders. Understanding the metabolic changes of the immune response not only provides insights into the fundamental mechanisms that regulate immune cell function but also opens new approaches for therapeutic strategies aimed at manipulating the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruben Lopez-Vales
- Institute of Neurosciences, and Department Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
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127
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Hu S, Liu Y, Yang Y, Xu L. Structural insights into instability of the nucleosome driven by histone variant H3T. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 727:150307. [PMID: 38917618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The testis-specific histone variant H3T plays a crucial role in chromatin reorganization during spermatogenesis by destabilizing nucleosomes. However, the structure basis for the nucleosome instability driven by H3T is not fully understand. In this study, we determinate the crystal structure of H3T-H4 in complex with histone chaperone ASF1a at 2.8 Å resolution. Our findings reveal that H3T-H4 binds ASF1a similarly to the conventional H3.1-H4 complex. However, significant structural differences are observed in the H3 α1 helix, the N- and C-terminal region of α2, and N-terminal region of L2. These differences are driven by H3T-specific residues, particularly Val111. Unlike the smaller Ala111 in H3.1, we find that bulkier residue Val111 fits well within the ASF1-H3T-H4 complex, but is difficult to arrange in nucleosome structure. Given that H3.1-Ala111/H3T-Val111 is located at the DNA binding and tetramerization interface of H3-H4, it is likely that Ala111Val substitution will lead to the instability of the corresponding area in nucleosome, contributing to instability of H3T-containing nucleosome. These structural findings may elucidate the role of H3T in chromatin reorganization during spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglin Hu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Yongrui Liu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Li Xu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Health, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, China.
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128
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Porozhan Y, Carstensen M, Thouroude S, Costallat M, Rachez C, Batsché E, Petersen T, Christensen T, Muchardt C. Defective Integrator activity shapes the transcriptome of patients with multiple sclerosis. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402586. [PMID: 39029934 PMCID: PMC11259605 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
HP1α/CBX5 is an epigenetic regulator with a suspected role in multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, using high-depth RNA sequencing on monocytes, we identified a subset of MS patients with reduced CBX5 expression, correlating with progressive stages of the disease and extensive transcriptomic alterations. Examination of rare non-coding RNA species in these patients revealed impaired maturation/degradation of U snRNAs and enhancer RNAs, indicative of reduced activity of the Integrator, a complex with suspected links to increased MS risk. At protein-coding genes, compromised Integrator activity manifested in reduced pre-mRNA splicing efficiency and altered expression of genes regulated by RNA polymerase II pause-release. Inactivation of Cbx5 in the mouse mirrored most of these transcriptional defects and resulted in hypersensitivity to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Collectively, our observations suggested a major contribution of the Integrator complex in safeguarding against transcriptional anomalies characteristic of MS, with HP1α/CBX5 emerging as an unexpected regulator of this complex's activity. These findings bring novel insights into the transcriptional aspects of MS and provide potential new criteria for patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniia Porozhan
- https://ror.org/01c2cjg59 Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mikkel Carstensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Forum, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sandrine Thouroude
- https://ror.org/01c2cjg59 Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mickael Costallat
- https://ror.org/01c2cjg59 Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Rachez
- https://ror.org/01c2cjg59 Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Eric Batsché
- https://ror.org/01c2cjg59 Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Thor Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland and Research Unit in Neurology, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Christian Muchardt
- https://ror.org/01c2cjg59 Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Jiao H, Kalsbeek A, Yi CX. Microglia, circadian rhythm and lifestyle factors. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110029. [PMID: 38852838 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Microglia, a vital homeostasis-keeper of the central nervous system, perform critical functions such as synaptic pruning, clearance of cellular debris, and participation in neuroinflammatory processes. Recent research has shown that microglia exhibit strong circadian rhythms that not only actively regulate their own immune activity, but also affect neuronal function. Disruptions of the circadian clock have been linked to a higher risk of developing a variety of diseases. In this article we will provide an overview of how lifestyle factors impact microglial function, with a focus on disruptions caused by irregular sleep-wake patterns, reduced physical activity, and eating at the wrong time-of-day. We will also discuss the potential connection between these lifestyle factors, disrupted circadian rhythms, and the role of microglia in keeping brain health. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Microglia".
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chun-Xia Yi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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130
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Liu Q, Liu C, He Q, Wang L, Song L. The involvement of CgRHIM-containing protein in regulating haemocyte apoptosis after high temperature stress in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 159:105226. [PMID: 38992733 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The interactions induced by RIP homotypic interaction motif (RHIM) are essential for the activation of inflammatory signaling and certain cell death pathways. In the present study, a RHIM-containing protein was identified from Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, which harbored a RHIM domain and a Death domain (designated CgRHIM-containing protein). The mRNA transcripts of CgRHIM-containing protein were constitutively expressed in all the examined tissues of oysters, with the highest expression level in mantle. The CgRHIM-containing protein was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of oyster haemocytes. After high temperature stress, the expression levels of CgRel and CgBcl-2 increased significantly, and reached the peak level at 12 h, then decreased gradually. The transcripts of CgRHIM-containing protein, Cgcaspase-8 and Cgcaspase-3 in haemocytes up-regulated at 12 h after high temperature stress. Moreover, the protein abundance of CgRHIM-containing protein increased significantly, and the ubiquitination level of CgRHIM-containing protein in haemocytes showed an increasing trend at first and then decreased. After the expression of CgRHIM-containing protein was knocked down by siRNA, the mRNA expression levels of CgRel and CgBcl-2 decreased significantly at 6 h after high temperature stress, and those of CgFADD-like, Cgcaspase-8 and Cgcaspase-3, as well as the apoptosis rate of haemocytes also decreased significantly at 24 h. These results indicated that CgRHIM-containing protein might regulate haemocyte apoptosis in oysters upon high temperature stress via mediating the expression of Rel, Bcl-2 and caspase-8/3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.
| | - Qianqian He
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
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131
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Wu J, Bala Tannan N, Vuong LT, Koca Y, Collu GM, Mlodzik M. Par3/bazooka binds NICD and promotes notch signaling during Drosophila development. Dev Biol 2024; 514:37-49. [PMID: 38885804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The conserved bazooka (baz/par3) gene acts as a key regulator of asymmetrical cell divisions across the animal kingdom. Associated Par3/Baz-Par6-aPKC protein complexes are also well known for their role in the establishment of apical/basal cell polarity in epithelial cells. Here we define a novel, positive function of Baz/Par3 in the Notch pathway. Using Drosophila wing and eye development, we demonstrate that Baz is required for Notch signaling activity and optimal transcriptional activation of Notch target genes. Baz appears to act independently of aPKC in these contexts, as knockdown of aPKC does not cause Notch loss-of-function phenotypes. Using transgenic Notch constructs, our data positions Baz activity downstream of activating Notch cleavage steps and upstream of Su(H)/CSL transcription factor complex activity on Notch target genes. We demonstrate a biochemical interaction between NICD and Baz, suggesting that Baz is required for NICD activity before NICD binds to Su(H). Taken together, our data define a novel role of the polarity protein Baz/Par3, as a positive and direct regulator of Notch signaling through its interaction with NICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Dept. of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Neeta Bala Tannan
- Dept. of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Linh T Vuong
- Dept. of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Yildiz Koca
- Dept. of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Giovanna M Collu
- Dept. of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Marek Mlodzik
- Dept. of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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132
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Copley RR, Buttin J, Arguel MJ, Williaume G, Lebrigand K, Barbry P, Hudson C, Yasuo H. Early transcriptional similarities between two distinct neural lineages during ascidian embryogenesis. Dev Biol 2024; 514:1-11. [PMID: 38878991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
In chordates, the central nervous system arises from precursors that have distinct developmental and transcriptional trajectories. Anterior nervous systems are ontogenically associated with ectodermal lineages while posterior nervous systems are associated with mesoderm. Taking advantage of the well-documented cell lineage of ascidian embryos, we asked to what extent the transcriptional states of the different neural lineages become similar during the course of progressive lineage restriction. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses on hand-dissected neural precursor cells of the two distinct lineages, together with those of their sister cell lineages, with a high temporal resolution covering five successive cell cycles from the 16-cell to neural plate stages. A transcription factor binding site enrichment analysis of neural specific genes at the neural plate stage revealed limited evidence for shared transcriptional control between the two neural lineages, consistent with their different ontogenies. Nevertheless, PCA analysis and hierarchical clustering showed that, by neural plate stages, the two neural lineages cluster together. Consistent with this, we identified a set of genes enriched in both neural lineages at the neural plate stage, including miR-124, Celf3.a, Zic.r-b, and Ets1/2. Altogether, the current study has revealed genome-wide transcriptional dynamics of neural progenitor cells of two distinct developmental origins. Our scRNA-seq dataset is unique and provides a valuable resource for future analyses, enabling a precise temporal resolution of cell types not previously described from dissociated embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard R Copley
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer, Institut de la Mer de Villefranche-sur-mer, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7009, 06230, Villefranche-sur-mer, France.
| | - Julia Buttin
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer, Institut de la Mer de Villefranche-sur-mer, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7009, 06230, Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | - Marie-Jeanne Arguel
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR 7275, 06560, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Géraldine Williaume
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer, Institut de la Mer de Villefranche-sur-mer, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7009, 06230, Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | - Kevin Lebrigand
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR 7275, 06560, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Pascal Barbry
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR 7275, 06560, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Clare Hudson
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer, Institut de la Mer de Villefranche-sur-mer, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7009, 06230, Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | - Hitoyoshi Yasuo
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer, Institut de la Mer de Villefranche-sur-mer, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7009, 06230, Villefranche-sur-mer, France.
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Rojo MD, Bandyopadhyay I, Burke CM, Sturtz AD, Phillips ES, Matherne MG, Embrey SJ, LaRue R, Qiu Y, Schwertfeger KL, Machado HL. C/EBPβ deletion in macrophages impairs mammary gland alveolar budding during the estrous cycle. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302516. [PMID: 39025525 PMCID: PMC11258408 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages have important roles in mammary gland development and tissue homeostasis, but the specific mechanisms that regulate macrophage function need further elucidation. We have identified C/EBPβ as an important transcription factor expressed by multiple macrophage populations in the normal mammary gland. Mammary glands from mice with C/EBPβ-deficient macrophages (Cebpb ΔM) show a significant decrease in alveolar budding during the diestrus stage of the reproductive cycle, whereas branching morphogenesis remains unchanged. Defects in alveolar budding were found to be the result of both systemic hormones and local macrophage-directed signals. RNA sequencing shows significant changes in PR-responsive genes and alterations in the Wnt landscape of mammary epithelial cells of Cebpb ΔM mice, which regulate stem cell expansion during diestrus. Cebpb ΔM macrophages demonstrate a shift from a pro-inflammatory to a tissue-reparative phenotype, and exhibit increased phagocytic capacity as compared to WT. Finally, Cebpb ΔM macrophages down-regulate Notch2 and Notch3, which normally promote stem cell expansion during alveolar budding. These results suggest that C/EBPβ is an important macrophage factor that facilitates macrophage-epithelial crosstalk during a key stage of mammary gland tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle D Rojo
- https://ror.org/04vmvtb21 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ishitri Bandyopadhyay
- https://ror.org/04vmvtb21 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Caitlin M Burke
- https://ror.org/04vmvtb21 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Alexa D Sturtz
- https://ror.org/04vmvtb21 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Emily S Phillips
- https://ror.org/04vmvtb21 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Megan G Matherne
- https://ror.org/04vmvtb21 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Samuel J Embrey
- https://ror.org/04vmvtb21 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Rebecca LaRue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yinjie Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Heather L Machado
- https://ror.org/04vmvtb21 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, New Orleans, LA, USA
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134
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Turgeon A, Fu J, Divyanshi, Ma M, Jin Z, Hwang H, Li M, Qiao H, Mei W, Yang J. Dzip1 is dynamically expressed in the vertebrate germline and regulates the development of Xenopus primordial germ cells. Dev Biol 2024; 514:28-36. [PMID: 38880277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the precursors of sperms and oocytes. Proper development of PGCs is crucial for the survival of the species. In many organisms, factors responsible for PGC development are synthesized during early oogenesis and assembled into the germ plasm. During early embryonic development, germ plasm is inherited by a few cells, leading to the formation of PGCs. While germline development has been extensively studied, how components of the germ plasm regulate PGC development is not fully understood. Here, we report that Dzip1 is dynamically expressed in vertebrate germline and is a novel component of the germ plasm in Xenopus and zebrafish. Knockdown of Dzip1 impairs PGC development in Xenopus embryos. At the molecular level, Dzip1 physically interacts with Dazl, an evolutionarily conserved RNA-binding protein that plays a multifaced role during germline development. We further showed that the sequence between amino acid residues 282 and 550 of Dzip1 is responsible for binding to Dazl. Disruption of the binding between Dzip1 and Dazl leads to defective PGC development. Taken together, our results presented here demonstrate that Dzip1 is dynamically expressed in the vertebrate germline and plays a novel function during Xenopus PGC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Turgeon
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jia Fu
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Divyanshi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Meng Ma
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Zhigang Jin
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hyojeong Hwang
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Meining Li
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Huanyu Qiao
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Wenyan Mei
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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135
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Feng H, Yang S, Zhang L, Zhu J, Li J, Yang Z. A new Prdm1-Cre line is suitable for studying the second heart field development. Dev Biol 2024; 514:78-86. [PMID: 38880275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The second heart field (SHF) plays a pivotal role in heart development, particularly in outflow tract (OFT) morphogenesis and septation, as well as in the expansion of the right ventricle (RV). Two mouse Cre lines, the Mef2c-AHF-Cre (Mef2c-Cre) and Isl1-Cre, have been widely used to study the SHF development. However, Cre activity is triggered not only in the SHF but also in the RV in the Mef2c-Cre mice, and in the Isl1-Cre mice, Cre activation is not SHF-specific. Therefore, a more suitable SHF-Cre line is desirable for better understanding SHF development. Here, we generated and characterized the Prdm1-Cre knock-in mice. In comparison with Mef2c-Cre mice, the Cre activity is similar in the pharyngeal and splanchnic mesoderm, and in the OFT of the Prdm1-Cre mice. Nonetheless, it was noticed that Cre expression is largely reduced in the RV of Prdm1-Cre mice compared to the Mef2c-Cre mice. Furthermore, we deleted Hand2, Nkx2-5, Pdk1 and Tbx20 using both Mef2c-Cre and Prdm1-Cre mice to study OFT morphogenesis and septation, making a comparison between these two Cre lines. New insights were obtained in understanding SHF development including differentiation into cardiomyocytes in the OFT using Prdm1-Cre mice. In conclusion, we found that Prdm1-Cre mouse line is a more appropriate tool to monitor SHF development, while the Mef2c-Cre mice are excellent in studying the role and function of the SHF in OFT morphogenesis and septation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Suming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingai Zhu
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
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O'Neale CV, Tran MH, Schey KL. Aquaporin-0-protein interactions elucidated by crosslinking mass spectrometry. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 727:150320. [PMID: 38963984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Aquaporin-0 (AQP0) constitutes 50 % of the lens membrane proteome and plays important roles in lens fiber cell adhesion, water permeability, and lens transparency. Previous work has shown that specific proteins, such as calmodulin (CaM), interact with AQP0 to modulate its water permeability; however, these studies often used AQP0 peptides, rather than full-length protein, to probe these interactions. Furthermore, the specific regions of interaction of several known AQP0 interacting partners, i.e. αA and αB-crystallins, and phakinin (CP49) remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to use crosslinking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) to identify interacting proteins with full-length AQP0 in crude lens cortical membrane fractions and to determine the specific protein regions of interaction. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that the AQP0 N-terminus can engage in protein interactions. Specific regions of interaction are elucidated for several AQP0 interacting partners including phakinin, α-crystallin, connexin-46, and connexin-50. In addition, two new interacting partners, vimentin and connexin-46, were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Vt O'Neale
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, 465 21(ST), Ave, So. MRB III, Suite 9160, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA
| | - Minh H Tran
- Chemical and Physical Biology Program, 465 21(ST), Ave, So. MRB III, Suite 9160, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA
| | - Kevin L Schey
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, 465 21(ST), Ave, So. MRB III, Suite 9160, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA.
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Wickramasinghe HC, Lincoln JN, D'Armond AE, Noble SA, Shen L, Macnaughtan MA. Insights into the association of the Chlamydia trachomatis type III secretion chaperone complex, Scc4:Scc1, from sequential expression in Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 222:106532. [PMID: 38857716 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the bacterial pathogen responsible for causing the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States. This obligate, intracellular Gram-negative bacterium has a type III secretion system (T3SS) to invade host cells. CopN is an important effector, plug protein that mediates early interactions between the host and Chlamydia. CopN is chaperoned by a heterodimer, T3SS chaperone complex containing Scc4 and Scc1. Scc4 is a unique, bifunctional protein that, in addition to its T3SS chaperone activity, acts as an RNA polymerase (RNAP) binding protein. We hypothesized that the two functions occur at different points in CT's developmental cycle with Scc4 acting alone in the early-to-mid stages and the Scc4:Scc1 complex chaperoning CopN in the mid-to-late stages. To study the Scc4:Scc1 complex by NMR, we previously explored various methods of associating Scc4 and Scc1 in vitro to produce the complex with chain-selective isotopic labeling. Though co-expressed Scc4 and Scc1 form a stable complex, the in vitro association studies suggest that partial protein denaturation and/or components in E. coli lysate are necessary to form the stable complex. In this study Scc4 and Scc1 were sequentially expressed in E. coli under the control of different promoters, allowing separate isotopic labeling of each chain and complex formation in vivo. Sequential expression resulted in no or unstable complex formation depending on the culture medium used. These results, taken together with previous in vitro association studies, suggest that Scc4 and Scc1 assemble co-translationally to form the stable Scc4:Scc1 complex in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliette N Lincoln
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, United States
| | - Anne E D'Armond
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, United States
| | - Sadie A Noble
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, United States
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, United States
| | - Megan A Macnaughtan
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, John Carroll University, University Heights, OH, 44118, United States.
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Parnas M, McLane-Svoboda AK, Cox E, McLane-Svoboda SB, Sanchez SW, Farnum A, Tundo A, Lefevre N, Miller S, Neeb E, Contag CH, Saha D. Precision detection of select human lung cancer biomarkers and cell lines using honeybee olfactory neural circuitry as a novel gas sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 261:116466. [PMID: 38850736 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Human breath contains biomarkers (odorants) that can be targeted for early disease detection. It is well known that honeybees have a keen sense of smell and can detect a wide variety of odors at low concentrations. Here, we employ honeybee olfactory neuronal circuitry to classify human lung cancer volatile biomarkers at different concentrations and their mixtures at concentration ranges relevant to biomarkers in human breath from parts-per-billion to parts-per-trillion. We also validated this brain-based sensing technology by detecting human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines using the 'smell' of the cell cultures. Different lung cancer biomarkers evoked distinct spiking response dynamics in the honeybee antennal lobe neurons indicating that those neurons encoded biomarker-specific information. By investigating lung cancer biomarker-evoked population neuronal responses from the honeybee antennal lobe, we classified individual human lung cancer biomarkers successfully (88% success rate). When we mixed six lung cancer biomarkers at different concentrations to create 'synthetic lung cancer' vs. 'synthetic healthy' human breath, honeybee population neuronal responses were able to classify those complex breath mixtures reliably with exceedingly high accuracy (93-100% success rate with a leave-one-trial-out classification method). Finally, we employed this sensor to detect human NSCLC and SCLC cell lines and we demonstrated that honeybee brain olfactory neurons could distinguish between lung cancer vs. healthy cell lines and could differentiate between different NSCLC and SCLC cell lines successfully (82% classification success rate). These results indicate that the honeybee olfactory system can be used as a sensitive biological gas sensor to detect human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Parnas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Autumn K McLane-Svoboda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Elyssa Cox
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Summer B McLane-Svoboda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Simon W Sanchez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Alexander Farnum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Anthony Tundo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Noël Lefevre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sydney Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Emily Neeb
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Christopher H Contag
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Microbiology, Genetics & Immunology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Debajit Saha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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139
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Li YR, Ling LB, Chao A, Fugmann SD, Yang SY. Transient chromatin decompaction at the start of D. melanogaster male embryonic germline development. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302401. [PMID: 38991729 PMCID: PMC11239976 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Embryonic germ cells develop rapidly to establish the foundation for future developmental trajectories, and in this process, they make critical lineage choices including the configuration of their unique identity and a decision on sex. Here, we use single-cell genomics patterns for the entire embryonic germline in Drosophila melanogaster along with the somatic gonadal precursors after embryonic gonad coalescence to investigate molecular mechanisms involved in the setting up and regulation of the germline program. Profiling of the early germline chromatin landscape revealed sex- and stage-specific features. In the male germline immediately after zygotic activation, the chromatin structure underwent a brief remodeling phase during which nucleosome density was lower and deconcentrated from promoter regions. These findings echoed enrichment analysis results of our genomics data in which top candidates were factors with the ability to mediate large-scale chromatin reorganization. Together, they point to the importance of chromatin regulation in the early germline and raise the possibility of a conserved epigenetic reprogramming-like process required for proper initiation of germline development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Li
- https://ror.org/00d80zx46 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li Bin Ling
- https://ror.org/00d80zx46 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Angel Chao
- https://ror.org/02dnn6q67 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sebastian D Fugmann
- https://ror.org/00d80zx46 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- https://ror.org/00d80zx46 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- https://ror.org/02dnn6q67 Department of Nephrology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu Yuan Yang
- https://ror.org/00d80zx46 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- https://ror.org/00d80zx46 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- https://ror.org/02dnn6q67 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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140
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Zhou Y, Yu H, Zhang D, Wang Z, Li Q, An X, Zhang S, Li Z. Imprinted lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 regulates CDKN1C expression through promoter binding and chromatin folding in pigs. Gene 2024; 923:148590. [PMID: 38772516 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in a number of regulatory functions in eukaryotic genomes. In humans, KCNQ1OT1 is a 91 kb imprinted lncRNA that inhibits multiple surrounding genes in cis. Among them, CDKN1C is closely related to KCNQ1OT1 and is involved in multiple epigenetic disorders. Here, we found that pigs also had a relatively conserved paternal allele expressing KCNQ1OT1 and had a shorter 5' end (∼27 kb) compared to human KCNQ1OT1. Knockdown of KCNQ1OT1 using antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) showed that upregulation of CDKN1C expression in pigs. However, porcine KCNQ1OT1 did not affect the DNA methylation status of the CpG islands in the promoters of KCNQ1OT1 and CDKN1C. Inhibition of DNA methyltransferase using Decitabine treatment resulted in a significant increase in both KCNQ1OT1 and CDKN1C expression, suggesting that the regulation between KCNQ1OT1 and CDKN1C may not be dependent on RNA interference. Further use of chromosome conformation capture and reverse transcription-associated trap detection in the region where CDKN1C was located revealed that KCNQ1OT1 bound to the CDKN1C promoter and affected chromosome folding. Phenotypically, inhibition of KCNQ1OT1 at the cumulus-oocyte complex promoted cumulus cell transformation, and to upregulated the expression of ALPL at the early stage of osteogenic differentiation of porcine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Our results confirm that the expression of KCNQ1OT1 imprinting in pigs as well as porcine KCNQ1OT1 regulates the expression of CDKN1C through direct promoter binding and chromatin folding alteration. And this regulatory mechanism played an important role in cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Yu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Daoyu Zhang
- Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhengzhu Wang
- Shenzhen University Affiliated South China Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinglan An
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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141
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Lee SH, Rinaudo PF. Metabolic regulation of preimplantation embryo development in vivo and in vitro: Molecular mechanisms and insights. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 726:150256. [PMID: 38909536 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Understanding of embryonic development has led to the clinical application of Assisted Reproductive technologies (ART), with the resulting birth of millions of children. Recent developments in metabolomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics have brought to light new insights into embryonic growth dynamics, with implications spanning reproductive medicine, stem cell research, and regenerative medicine. The review explores the key metabolic processes and molecular pathways active during preimplantation embryo development, including PI3K-Akt, mTOR, AMPK, Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β, Notch and Jak-Stat signaling pathways. We focused on analyzing the differences occurring in vitro as opposed to in vivo development and we discussed significant physiological and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hee Lee
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Paolo F Rinaudo
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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142
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Omata Y, Haraguchi M, Yoshinaga S, Ogino T, Okawa M, Tsuruta A, Koyanagi S, Ohdo S. RNA editing enzyme ADAR2 regulates P-glycoprotein expression in murine breast cancer cells through the circRNA-miRNA pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 726:150289. [PMID: 38917633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Among the various RNA modifications, adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing, catalyzed by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) family, ADAR1 and ADAR2, is the most common nucleotide conversion in mammalian cells. The pathological relevance of ADAR expression has been highlighted in recent human genetic studies. Low expression of the ADAR2 gene is correlated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer patients, but the underlying mechanism remains enigmatic. In this study, we constructed Adar2-knockdown (Adar2-KD) murine breast cancer 4T1 cells and observed their reduced susceptibility to chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. Downregulation of ADAR2 induced the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), leading to a reduction in the intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin. The upregulation of P-gp occurred at the post-transcriptional level due to the decreased miR-195a-3p function. The search for the underlying cause of the induction of P-gp expression in Adar2-KD 4T1 cells led to the identification of circular RNA (circRNA) circHif1a as a sponge for miR-195a-3p. The enhanced expression of circHif1a inhibited miR-195a-3p function, resulting in the upregulation of P-gp expression. These results suggest that ADAR2 acts as a suppressor of circHif1a biogenesis and then allows miR-195a-3p to interfere with P-gp translation. Our findings may help to improve drug efficacy by clarifying the mechanism of chemoresistance in breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Adenosine Deaminase/metabolism
- Adenosine Deaminase/genetics
- Mice
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Female
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- RNA, Circular/metabolism
- RNA Editing
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Omata
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mai Haraguchi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sae Yoshinaga
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogino
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Maseri Okawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akito Tsuruta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoru Koyanagi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Shigehiro Ohdo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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143
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He Q, Wang S, Chen S, Chen J. Juvenile hormone signal transducer hairy inhibits Krüppel homolog1 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 726:150276. [PMID: 38908347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Hairy and Krüppel homolog 1 (Kr-h1) are transcriptional repressors that act synergistically to mediate the gene-repressive action of juvenile hormone (JH). However, whether a regulatory relationship exists between Hairy and Kr-h1 remains unclear. In this study, an inhibitory effect of Hairy on Kr-h1 expression was found. Genetic studies in Drosophila have shown that the simultaneous overexpression of Hairy and Kr-h1 can rescue the defective phenotypes caused by the overexpression of a single factor. Reduced expression of Kr-h1 was observed in Hairy-overexpressing flies and cells, whereas the expression levels of Hairy were unaffected in cells with ectopic expression of Kr-h1. The inhibitory effect of Hairy on Kr-h1 expression was found to occur at the transcriptional level, as Hairy bound directly to the B-box within the Kr-h1 promoter via the bHLH motif and recruited the corepressors C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) and Groucho (Gro) through the PLSLV and WRPW motifs, respectively. Our findings revealed a regulatory relationship between two JH response factors, which advances our understanding of the molecular mechanism of JH signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu He
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China.
| | - Shunxin Wang
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jinxia Chen
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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144
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Hsu JY, Lin YS, Huang LH, Tsao TY, Hsu CY, Ou YC, Tung MC. Concurrent occurrence of adenocarcinoma and urothelial carcinoma of the prostate gland: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:5952-5959. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i26.5952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenocarcinoma is the most common subtype of prostate cancer. Prostatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) typically originates from the prostatic urethra. The concurrent occurrence of adenocarcinoma and UC of the prostate gland is uncommon.
CASE SUMMARY We present the case of an 82-year-old male patient with simultaneous adenocarcinoma and UC of the prostate gland. The patient underwent a transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy, and the pathology test revealed UC. Subsequently, transurethral laser prostatectomy was performed, and the pathology test indicated adenocarcinoma of the prostate with a Gleason score of 3 + 4 and high-grade UC. Therefore, the patient was treated with androgen deprivation therapy, systemic chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Magnetic resonance imaging performed during follow-up revealed a prostate tumor classified as cT2cN1M0, stage IVA. Therefore, the patient underwent robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection. The final pathology test of the prostate gland revealed acinar-type adenocarcinoma, Gleason pattern 4 + 3, pT2N0M0, and high-grade UC. The patient regularly presented to the clinic for postoperative follow-up evaluations. He did not experience any urinary discomfort.
CONCLUSION According to our literature review, this is the first reported case of coexisting adenocarcinoma and UC of the prostate gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhe Yuan Hsu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435403, Taiwan
| | - Yi Sheng Lin
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435403, Taiwan
| | - Li Hua Huang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435403, Taiwan
| | - Tang Yi Tsao
- Department of Pathology, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435403, Taiwan
| | - Chao Yu Hsu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435403, Taiwan
| | - Yen Chuan Ou
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435403, Taiwan
| | - Min Che Tung
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435403, Taiwan
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145
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Zhang C, Guo M, Kong Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Sun S, Li X, Zeng X, Gong H, Fan X. Antifungal mechanism of phenyllactic acid against Mucor investigated through proteomic analysis. Food Chem 2024; 452:139525. [PMID: 38718453 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The primary inhibitory targets of phenyllactic acid (PLA, including D-PLA and L-PLA) on Mucor were investigated using Mucor racemosus LD3.0026 isolated from naturally spoiled cherry, as an indicator fungi. The results demonstrated that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of PLA against Mucor was 12.5 mmol·L-1. Results showed that the growing cells at the tip of the Mucor were not visibly deformed, and there was no damage to the cell wall following PLA treatment; however, PLA damaged the cell membrane and internal structure. The results of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) indicated that the Mucor mitochondrial respiratory chain may be the target of PLA, potentially inhibiting the energy supply of Mucor. These results indicate that the antifungal mechanism of PLA against mold is independent of its molecular configuration. The growth of Mucor is suppressed by PLA, which destroys the organelle structure in the mycelium and inhibits energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqi Zhang
- College of Food Engineering, Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology for Prepared Food, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Food Green Processing and Quality Control, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China
| | - Mingmei Guo
- Mudan District Mudan Street Sub-district Office, Heze, Shandong 274000, PR China
| | - Yanhui Kong
- Yantai Landscape Construction and Maintenance Center, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China
| | - Juanyue Zhang
- College of Food Engineering, Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology for Prepared Food, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Food Green Processing and Quality Control, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China
| | - Jingyue Wang
- College of Food Engineering, Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology for Prepared Food, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Food Green Processing and Quality Control, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China
| | - Shuyang Sun
- College of Food Engineering, Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology for Prepared Food, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Food Green Processing and Quality Control, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China
| | - Xiulian Li
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Xiangquan Zeng
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47906, IN, USA
| | - Hansheng Gong
- College of Food Engineering, Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology for Prepared Food, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Food Green Processing and Quality Control, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China.
| | - Xinguang Fan
- College of Food Engineering, Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology for Prepared Food, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Food Green Processing and Quality Control, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China.
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146
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Jiang C, Ruan Y, Li J, Huang J, Xiao M, Xu H. Tissue expression and promoter activity analysis of the porcine TNFSF11 gene. Theriogenology 2024; 226:277-285. [PMID: 38954996 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11), also known as RANKL, plays a crucial role in regulating several physiological and pathological activities. Additionally, it is a vital factor in bone physiology, and the sex hormone progesterone regulates the expansion of stem cells and the proliferation of mammary epithelial cells. It is essential for animal growth and reproductive physiological processes. This study aimed to evaluate the tissue-specific expression characteristics and promoter activity of the TNFSF11 gene in pigs. As a result, the study examined the presence of TNFSF11 expression in the tissues of Xiangsu pigs at 0.6 and 12 months of age. Moreover, the core promoter region of TNFSF11 was also identified by utilizing a combination of bioinformatic prediction and dual-luciferase activity tests. Finally, the effect of transcription factors on the transcriptional activity of the core promoter region was determined using site-directed mutagenesis. TNFSF11 was uniformly expressed in all tissues; however, its expression in muscles was comparatively low. The core promoter region of TNFSF11 was located in the -555 to -1 region. The prediction of the transcription start site of TNFSF11 gene-2000 ∼ + 500bp showed that there was a CpG site in 17 ∼ + 487bp. Analysis of mutations in the transcription factor binding sites revealed that mutations in the Stat5b, Myog, Trl, and EN1 binding sites had significant effects on the transcriptional activity of the TNFSF11 gene, particularly following the EN1 binding site mutation (P < 0.001). This study provides insights into both the tissue-specific expression patterns of TNFSF11 in the tissues of Xiangsu pigs and the potential regulatory effects of transcription factors on its promoter activity. These results may be helpful for future research aimed at clarifying the expression and role of the porcine TNFSF11 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jifeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiajin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Meimei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Houqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
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147
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Golubska M, Paukszto Ł, Kurzyńska A, Mierzejewski K, Gerwel Z, Bogacka I. PPAR beta/delta regulates the immune response mechanisms in the porcine endometrium during LPS-induced inflammation - An in vitro study. Theriogenology 2024; 226:130-140. [PMID: 38878465 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation in the reproductive tract has become a serious threat to animal fertility. Recently, the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in the context of reproduction and the inflammatory response has been highlighted, but the role of PPARβ/δ has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro effect of PPARβ/δ ligands (agonist: L-165,041 and antagonist: GSK 3787) on the transcriptome profile of porcine endometrium during LPS-induced inflammation in the mid-luteal and follicular phases of the oestrous cycle (days 10-12 and 18-20, respectively) using the RNA-Seq method. During the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle, the current study identified 145 and 143 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after treatment with an agonist or antagonist, respectively. During the follicular phase of the oestrous cycle, 55 and 207 DEGs were detected after treatment with an agonist or antagonist, respectively. The detected DEGs are engaged in the regulation of various processes, such as the complement and coagulation cascade, NF-κB signalling pathway, or the pathway of 15-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives synthesis. The results of the current study indicate that PPARβ/δ ligands are involved in the control of the endometrial inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Golubska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Łukasz Paukszto
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kurzyńska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karol Mierzejewski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Gerwel
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Iwona Bogacka
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
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148
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Shi XK, Peng T, Azimova B, Li XL, Li SS, Cao DY, Fu NJ, Zhang GL, Xiao WL, Wang F. Luteolin and its analog luteolin-7-methylether from Leonurus japonicus Houtt suppress aromatase-mediated estrogen biosynthesis to alleviate polycystic ovary syndrome by the inhibition of tumor progression locus 2. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118279. [PMID: 38705425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leonurus japonicus Houtt (L. japonicus, Chinese motherwort), known as Yi Mu Cao which means "good for women", has long been widely used in China and other Asian countries to alleviate gynecological disorders, often characterized by estrogen dysregulation. It has been used for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder in women but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was designed to investigate the effect and mechanism of flavonoid luteolin and its analog luteolin-7-methylether contained in L. japonicus on aromatase, a rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens and a drug target to induce ovulation in PCOS patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Estrogen biosynthesis in human ovarian granulosa cells was examined using ELISA. Western blots were used to explore the signaling pathways in the regulation of aromatase expression. Transcriptomic analysis was conducted to elucidate the potential mechanisms of action of compounds. Finally, animal models were used to assess the therapeutic potential of these compounds in PCOS. RESULTS Luteolin potently inhibited estrogen biosynthesis in human ovarian granulosa cells stimulated by follicle-stimulating hormone. This effect was achieved by decreasing cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-mediated expression of aromatase. Mechanistically, luteolin and luteolin-7-methylether targeted tumor progression locus 2 (TPL2) to suppress mitogen-activated protein kinase 3/6 (MKK3/6)-p38 MAPK-CREB pathway signaling. Transcriptional analysis showed that these compounds regulated the expression of different genes, with the MAPK signaling pathway being the most significantly affected. Furthermore, luteolin and luteolin-7-methylether effectively alleviated the symptoms of PCOS in mice. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates a previously unrecognized role of TPL2 in estrogen biosynthesis and suggests that luteolin and luteolin-7-methylether have potential as novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of PCOS. The results provide a foundation for further development of these compounds as effective and safe therapies for women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ke Shi
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Peng
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Bahtigul Azimova
- Department of Inorganic, Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, 45 Aybek Street, 100015, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy and School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dong-Yi Cao
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Pharmacy, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Nai-Jie Fu
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guo-Lin Zhang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei-Lie Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy and School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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149
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Dong Y, Huang L, Liu L. Comparative analysis of testicular fusion in Spodoptera litura (cutworm) and Bombyx mori (silkworm): Histological and transcriptomic insights. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 356:114562. [PMID: 38848820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Spodoptera litura commonly known as the cutworm, is among the most destructive lepidopteran pests affecting over 120 plants species. The powerful destructive nature of this lepidopteran is attributable to its high reproductive capacity. The testicular fusion that occurs during metamorphosis from larvae to pupa in S.litura positively influences the reproductive success of the offspring. In contrast, Bombyx mori, the silkworm, retains separate testes throughout its life and does not undergo this fusion process. Microscopic examination reveals that during testicular fusion in S.litura, the peritoneal sheath becomes thinner and more translucent, whereas in B.mori, the analogous region thickens. The outer basement membrane in S.litura exhibits fractures, discontinuity, and uneven thickness accompanied by a significant presence of cellular secretions, large cell size, increased vesicles, liquid droplets, and a proliferation of rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. In contrast, the testicular peritoneal sheath of B.mori at comparable developmental stage exhibits minimal change. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the testicular peritoneal sheath reveals a substantial difference in gene expression between the two species. The disparity in differential expressed genes (DEGs) is linked to an enrichment of numerous transcription factors, intracellular signaling pathways involving Ca2+ and GTPase, as well as intracellular protein transport and signaling pathways. Meanwhile, structural proteins including actin, chitin-binding proteins, membrane protein fractions, cell adhesion, extracellular matrix proteins are predominantly identified. Moreover, the study highlights the enrichment of endopeptidases, serine proteases, proteolytic enzymes and matrix metalloproteins, which may play a role in the degradation of the outer membrane. Five transcription factors-Slforkhead, Slproline, Slcyclic, Slsilk, and SlD-ETS were identified, and their expression pattern were confirmed by qRT-PCR. they are candidates for participating in the regulation of testicular fusion. Our findings underscore significant morphological and trancriptomic variation in the testicular peritoneal sheath of S.litura compared to the silkworm, with substantial changes at the transcriptomic level coinciding with testicular fusion. The research provides valuable clues for understanding the complex mechanisms underlying this unique phenomenon in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqun Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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150
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Chen L, Liu M, Li Y, Guan Y, Ruan J, Mao Z, Wang W, Yang HQ, Guo T. Arabidopsis cryptochromes interact with SOG1 to promote the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 724:150233. [PMID: 38865814 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Cryptochromes (CRYs) are blue light (BL) photoreceptors to regulate a variety of physiological processes including DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. SUPPRESSOR OF GAMMA RADIATION 1 (SOG1) acts as the central transcription factor of DNA damage response (DDR) to induce the transcription of downstream genes, including DSB repair-related genes BRCA1 and RAD51. Whether CRYs regulate DSB repair by directly modulating SOG1 is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that CRYs physically interact with SOG1. Disruption of CRYs and SOG1 leads to increased sensitivity to DSBs and reduced DSB repair-related genes' expression under BL. Moreover, we found that CRY1 enhances SOG1's transcription activation of DSB repair-related gene BRCA1. These results suggest that the mechanism by which CRYs promote DSB repair involves positive regulation of SOG1's transcription of its target genes, which is likely mediated by CRYs-SOG1 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Minqing Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yupeng Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yan Guan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jiaqi Ruan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zhilei Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Hong-Quan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Tongtong Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
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