1601
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Rietman A, Schwarz J, Tomé D, Kok FJ, Mensink M. High dietary protein intake, reducing or eliciting insulin resistance? Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68:973-9. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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1602
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Donmez-Altuntas H, Sahin F, Bayram F, Bitgen N, Mert M, Guclu K, Hamurcu Z, Arıbas S, Gundogan K, Diri H. Evaluation of chromosomal damage, cytostasis, cytotoxicity, oxidative DNA damage and their association with body-mass index in obese subjects. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2014; 771:30-6. [PMID: 25308439 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Over-weight and obesity are serious problems that increase the risk not only for chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease but also of various types of cancer. This study was conducted to evaluate cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-cyt) assay parameters and plasma concentrations of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and their relationship with age, body-mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in 83 obese, 21 over-weight and 21 normal-weight subjects. Frequencies of micronuclei (MN), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPB), nuclear buds (NBUD), and apoptotic and necrotic cells in lymphocytes of obese subjects were found to be significantly higher than those found in normal-weight and over-weight subjects (p<0.01 and p<0.05), whereas plasma concentrations of 8-OHdG in obese subjects were lower than those observed in normal-weight and over-weight subjects (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). There was a negative correlation between age and frequency of necrotic cells and NDI (p<0.05), whereas there was no correlation between BMI, WHR, CBMN cyt assay parameters and plasma 8-OHdG in normal-weight subjects. In over-weight subjects, a negative correlation was observed between age and NDI (p<0.01) and a positive correlation between age and frequency of NPB (p<0.01) and between BMI and frequency of NBUD (p<0.05). In obese subjects, a negative correlation was observed between age and NDI (p<0.01) and between BMI and NDI (p<0.05), whereas no correlation was observed between WHR and CBMN-cyt assay parameters and plasma 8-OHdG. However, frequencies of MN, NPB, NBUD, apoptotic and necrotic cells in total over-weight/obese (p<0.01/p<0.05) and all subjects (p<0.01) increased with increasing BMI. The increase in genomic damage (MN, NPB and NBUD) in obese subjects and the positive correlation between genomic damage and BMI in total over-weight/obese subjects indicate that obesity increases genomic damage and may be associated with an increased risk of cancer, because an increase in MN frequency is a predictor of cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatma Sahin
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fahri Bayram
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nazmiye Bitgen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Meral Mert
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kenan Guclu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Hamurcu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sülbiye Arıbas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kursat Gundogan
- Intensive Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Halit Diri
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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1603
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Abstract
As obesity continues to be a global epidemic, research into the mechanisms of hunger and satiety and how those signals act to regulate energy homeostasis persists. Peptide YY (PYY) is an acute satiety signal released upon nutrient ingestion and has been shown to decrease food intake when administered exogenously. More recently, investigators have studied how different factors influence PYY release and circulating levels in humans. Some of these factors include exercise, macronutrient composition of the diet, body-weight status, adiposity levels, sex, race and ageing. The present article provides a succinct and comprehensive review of the recent literature published on the different factors that influence PYY release and circulating levels in humans. Where human data are insufficient, evidence in animal or cell models is summarised. Additionally, the present review explores the recent findings on PYY responses to different dietary fatty acids and how this new line of research will make an impact on future studies on PYY. Human demographics, such as sex and age, do not appear to influence PYY levels. Conversely, adiposity or BMI, race and acute exercise all influence circulating PYY levels. Both dietary fat and protein strongly stimulate PYY release. Furthermore, MUFA appear to result in a smaller PYY response compared with SFA and PUFA. PYY levels appear to be affected by acute exercise, macronutrient composition, adiposity, race and the composition of fatty acids from dietary fat.
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1604
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Impact of floral sources and processing on the antimicrobial activities of different unifloral honeys. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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1605
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Resende FBS, Clemente HA, Bezerra DF, Grilo EC, de Melo LRM, Bellot PENR, Dantas RCS, Dimenstein R. Alpha-tocopherol concentration in serum and colostrum of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE DE PEDIATRIA DE SAO PAULO 2014; 32:178-86. [PMID: 25119748 PMCID: PMC4183008 DOI: 10.1590/0103-0582201432214113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the levels of α-tocopherol in colostrum and in the serum of healthy and diabetic mothers. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 51 volunteer mothers, 20 with the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus and 31 without associated diseases. Serum and colostrum samples were collected in fasting in the immediate postpartum period and α-tocopherol was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In order to define the nutritional status of vitamin E, the cutoff point for the serum (697.7µg/dL) was adopted. Student's t-test for independent variables compared the average concentrations of α-tocopherol in the serum and in the colostrum between control and gestational diabetes mellitus groups. Pearson's correlation was used to assess the relationship between the concentration of α-tocopherol in serum and colostrum for both groups. Differences were considered significant when p<0.05. RESULTS The α-tocopherol concentration in colostrum was 1,483.1±533.8µg/dL for Control Group and 1,368.8±681.8µg/dL for diabetic women, without differences between groups (p=0.50). However, α-tocopherol concentration in the serum was 1,059.5±372.7µg/dL in the Control Group and 1,391.4±531.5µg/dL in the diabetic one (p<0.01). No correlation was found between the concentration of α-tocopherol in the serum and in the colostrum for control and diabetic groups. CONCLUSIONS The groups had adequate nutritional status of vitamin E. Gestational diabetes was not associated with changes in α-tocopherol concentration in colostrum.
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1606
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Shan S, Li Z, Newton IP, Zhao C, Li Z, Guo M. A novel protein extracted from foxtail millet bran displays anti-carcinogenic effects in human colon cancer cells. Toxicol Lett 2014; 227:129-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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1607
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Kraft TS, Venkataraman VV, Dominy NJ. A natural history of human tree climbing. J Hum Evol 2014; 71:105-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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1608
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Wu H, Zhu J, Yang L, Wang R, Wang C. Ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction of phenolics from broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) inflorescences and evaluation of antioxidant activity in vitro. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2014; 21:306-19. [PMID: 24837595 DOI: 10.1177/1082013214536174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An efficient ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction technique was applied to extracting phenolics from broccoli inflorescences without organic solvents. The synergistic model of enzymolysis and ultrasonication simultaneously was selected, and the enzyme combination was optimized by orthogonal test: cellulase 7.5 mg/g FW (fresh weight), pectinase 10 mg/g FW, and papain 1.0 mg/g FW. The operating parameters in ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction were optimized with response surface methodology using Box-Behnken design. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: ultrasonic power, 440 W; liquid to material ratio, 7.0:1 mL/g; pH value of 6.0 at 54.5 ℃ for 10 min. Under these conditions, the extraction yield of phenolics achieved 1.816 ± 0.0187 mg gallic acid equivalents/gram FW. The free radical scavenging activity of ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction extracts was determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl·assay with EC50 values of 0.25, and total antioxidant activity was determined by ferric reducing antioxidant power assay with ferric reducing antioxidant power value of 0.998 mmol FeSO4/g compared with the referential ascorbic acid of 1.184 mmol FeSO4/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Junxiang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Long Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Ran Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Chengrong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, PR China
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1609
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León-Ruiz V, González-Porto AV, Al-Habsi N, Vera S, San Andrés MP, Jauregi P. Antioxidant, antibacterial and ACE-inhibitory activity of four monofloral honeys in relation to their chemical composition. Food Funct 2014; 4:1617-24. [PMID: 24056722 DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60221d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Different monofloral honeys from Castilla-La Mancha (Spain) have been studied in order to determine their main functional and biological properties. Thyme honey and chestnut honey possess the highest antioxidant capacity, which is due to their high vitamin C (in thyme honey) and total polyphenolic content (in chestnut honey). On the other hand, chestnut honey showed high antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, whilst others had no activity against S. aureus and showed very small activity against E. coli. Moreover it was found that the antimicrobial activity measured in chestnut honey was partly due to its lysozyme content. In addition the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity was measured, and the ACE inhibition is one mechanism by which antihypertensive activity is exerted in vivo. All the types of honey showed some activity but chestnut honey had the highest ACE inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia León-Ruiz
- Centro Agrario de Marchamalo, C/Extramuros, s/n.19180-Marchamalo, Guadalajara, Spain
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1610
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1611
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Innamorati M, Imperatori C, Balsamo M, Tamburello S, Belvederi Murri M, Contardi A, Tamburello A, Fabbricatore M. Food Cravings Questionnaire–Trait (FCQ–T) Discriminates Between Obese and Overweight Patients With and Without Binge Eating Tendencies: The Italian Version of the FCQ–T. J Pers Assess 2014; 96:632-9. [DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2014.909449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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1612
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Souilah R, Djabali D, Belhadi B, Mokrane H, Boudries N, Nadjemi B. In vitro starch digestion in sorghum flour from Algerian cultivars. Food Sci Nutr 2014; 2:251-9. [PMID: 24936295 PMCID: PMC4048611 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aims to evaluate starch digestion in whole sorghum grains. Nine sorghum cultivars were sampled from the Sahara of Algeria. The structural characteristics of sorghum grains were measured. Total starch (TS) varied between 67.67% and 74.82%, digestible starch (DS) between 64.34% and 69.70%, and resistant starch (RS) ranged from 2.55% to 7.98%. The kinetic of starch digestion displayed first-order model. For all sorghum cultivars, starch were digested with different extents, DS at infinite time (D ∞) ranged from 52.58 to 102.13 g/100 g dry starch, while the hydrolysis index (HI) ranged from 41.55% to 76.93% and high average glycemic index (GIavg) ranged from 65.97 to 94.14. The results showed that there are differences in grain quality of Algerian sorghum cultivars. The starch fractions have acceptable nutritional value with good in vitro digestibility characteristics suitable for human health and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Souilah
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur Les Produits Bioactifs et Valorisation de la Biomasse, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de KoubaAlgiers, Algeria
| | - Djaffar Djabali
- Laboratoire d'Etudes et Développement des Techniques d'Epuration et de Traitement des Eaux et Gestion Environnementale, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de KoubaAlgiers, Algeria
| | - Badreddine Belhadi
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur Les Produits Bioactifs et Valorisation de la Biomasse, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de KoubaAlgiers, Algeria
| | - Hind Mokrane
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur Les Produits Bioactifs et Valorisation de la Biomasse, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de KoubaAlgiers, Algeria
| | - Nadia Boudries
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur Les Produits Bioactifs et Valorisation de la Biomasse, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de KoubaAlgiers, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Qualité et sécurité des Produits agroalimentaire, Unité d'Analyse, Qualité et Risques, Université de Liège-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech. 02 Passage des déportésB-5030, Gembloux, Belgique
| | - Boubekeur Nadjemi
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur Les Produits Bioactifs et Valorisation de la Biomasse, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de KoubaAlgiers, Algeria
- Laboratoire d'Etudes et Développement des Techniques d'Epuration et de Traitement des Eaux et Gestion Environnementale, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de KoubaAlgiers, Algeria
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1613
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He XQ, Cichello SA, Duan JL, Zhou J. Canola oil influence on azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia in Kunming mice. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:2477-83. [PMID: 24761850 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.6.2477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Azoxymethane (AOM) is a potent genotoxic carcinogen which specifically induces colon cancer. Hyperlipidemia and diabetes have several influences on colon cancer development, with genetic and environmental exposure aspects. Here, we investigated plasma lipid and glucose concentrations in Kunming mice randomized into four groups; control (no AOM or oil exposure), AOM control, AOM + pork oil, and AOM + canola oil. Aberrant crypt foci (ACF), plasma cholesterol, plasma triglyceride, plasma glucose and organ weight were examined 32 weeks after AOM injection. Results revealed that AOM exposure significantly increased ACF number, plasma triglyceride and glucose level. Further, male mice displayed a much higher plasma triglyceride level than female mice in the AOM control group. Dietary fat significantly inhibited AOM-induced hypertriglyceridemia, and canola oil had stronger inhibitory effect than pork oil. AOM-induced hyperglycemia had no sex-difference and was not significantly modified by dietary fat. However, AOM itself not change plasma cholesterol level. AOM significantly increased liver and spleen weight in male mice, but decreased kidney weight in female mice. On the other hand, mice testis weight decreased when fed canola oil. AOM could induce colorectal carcinogenesis, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia in Kunming mice at the same time, with subsequent studies required to investigate their genome association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qiong He
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical College, Yunnan, China E-mail :
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1614
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Berberine and monacolin effects on the cardiovascular risk profile of women with oestroprogestin-induced hypercholesterolemia. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2014; 21:221-6. [PMID: 24728953 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-014-0052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the most frequent side effect of oral contraceptives use is a stable alteration of the lipid profile. This could be even more relevant in women affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). AIM Considering the importance of a balanced lipid profile in cardiovascular prevention and that the exposure to the drugs could be many years long, our aim was to investigate the possible beneficial effect of a largely tested low-dosed combined lipid-lowering nutraceutical on dyslipidemias induced by oestroprogestins prescribed to young women for different indications. METHODS We prospectively enrolled 84 patients in primary cardiovascular disease prevention, with low estimated cardiovascular disease risk (<5 % according to the ESC/EAS guidelines), and LDL-C increased above normal value (LDL-C >130 mg/dL) after the use of at least two different oral oestroprogestins treatments. Forty-four women were prescribed oral oestroprogestins for PCOS, while 40 for pure contraception. The tested nutraceutical contained berberine 500 mg/tab and monacolins 3 mg/tab was prescribed to all enrolled patients, associated the previously prescribed standard lipid-lowering diet. RESULTS After 3 months of nutraceutical treatment, we observed a significant improvement in BMI (-1.5 ± 0.8 %, p < 0.001), FPG (-6.9 ± 5.8 %, p < 0.001), HOMA index (-3.5 ± 5.6 %, p < 0.001), TC (-20.1 ± 6.6 %, p < 0.001), LDL-C (-25.3 ± 8.9 %, p < 0.001), HDL-C (+14.1 ± 2.2 %, p < 0.001), TG (-29.9 ± 25.2 %, p < 0.001) and hsCRP (-2.5 ± 2.4 %, p = 0.019). Similar results have been obtained even repeating the analysis by subgroups, beyond hsCRP that significantly improved in PCOS patients compared to both the baseline and the non-PCOS group. CONCLUSION It appears that the tested combined lipid-lowering nutraceutical is able to equally improve lipid metabolism in oral contraceptive induced hypercholesterolemia in women affected or not by PCOS.
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1615
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Esmaeilzadeh S. Reaction time: Does it relate to weight status in children? HOMO-JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE HUMAN BIOLOGY 2014; 65:171-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchb.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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1616
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Horse gram- an underutilized nutraceutical pulse crop: a review. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2014; 52:2489-99. [PMID: 25892749 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1312-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Horse gram is an underutilized pulse crop grown in wide range of adverse climatic conditions. It occupies an important place in human nutrition and has rich source of protein, minerals, and vitamins. Besides nutritional importance, it has been linked to reduced risk of various diseases due to presence of non-nutritive bioactive substances. These bioactive substances such as phytic acid, phenolic acid, fiber, enzymatic/proteinase inhibitors have significant metabolic and/or physiological effects. The importance of horse gram was well recognized by the folk/alternative/traditional medicine as a potential therapeutic agent to treat kidney stones, urinary diseases, piles, common cold, throat infection, fever etc. The inception of nutraceutical concept and increasing health consciousness the demand of nutraceutical and functional food is increased. In recent years, isolation and utilization of potential antioxidants from legumes including horse gram are increased as it decreases the risk of intestinal diseases, diabetes, coronary heart disease, prevention of dental caries etc. Keeping in view the increasing demand of food having nutraceutical values, the present review ascribed with recent scientific knowledge towards the possibilities of exploring the horse gram, as a source of food and nutraceuticals compounds.
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1617
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Couch ME, Dittus K, Toth MJ, Willis MS, Guttridge DC, George JR, Barnes CA, Gourin CG, Der-Torossian H. Cancer cachexia update in head and neck cancer: Definitions and diagnostic features. Head Neck 2014; 37:594-604. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.23599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marion E. Couch
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery; Department of Surgery; Vermont Cancer Center; University of Vermont, College of Medicine; Burlington Vermont
| | - Kim Dittus
- Division of Hematology - Oncology; Department of Medicine; Vermont Cancer Center; University of Vermont, College of Medicine; Burlington Vermont
| | - Michael J. Toth
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics; University of Vermont, College of Medicine; Burlington Vermont
| | - Monte S. Willis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; McAllister Heart Institute; University of North Carolina; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Denis C. Guttridge
- Department of Molecular Virology; Immunology; and Medical Genetics; Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio
| | - Jonathan R. George
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery; University of California; San Francisco California
| | - Christie A. Barnes
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery; Department of Surgery; Vermont Cancer Center; University of Vermont, College of Medicine; Burlington Vermont
| | - Christine G. Gourin
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery; Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Hirak Der-Torossian
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery; Department of Surgery; Vermont Cancer Center; University of Vermont, College of Medicine; Burlington Vermont
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1618
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Vassalle C, Vigna L, Bianchi S, Maffei S, Novembrino C, De Giuseppe R, de Liso F, Vannucci A, Tirelli S, Maiavacca R, Bamonti F. A biomarker of oxidative stress as a nontraditional risk factor in obese subjects. Biomark Med 2014; 7:633-9. [PMID: 23905900 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.13.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress has been postulated as an additive factor linking obesity to cardiovascular disease. MATERIALS & METHODS Derivatives of reactive oxygen species metabolites (d-ROMs) were measured in 136 obese (42 males, 94 females; mean age: 47 ± 12 years; BMI: 36 ± 5 kg/m(2)) and in 306 over- and normal-weight subjects (112 males, 194 females; age: 47 ± 12 years; BMI: 24 ± 3 kg/m(2)). RESULTS d-ROMs levels were higher in obese than in over- and normal-weight subjects (395 ± 104 vs 362 ± 102 and 351 ± 84 arbitrary units (AU); p < 0.001), in women than males (390 ± 104 vs 327 ± 68 AU; p < 0.001), in subjects with than those without hypertension (390 ± 103 vs 360 ± 95 AU; p < 0.01) and in smokers than former and nonsmokers (380 ± 97 vs 358 ± 97 AU; p < 0.05). A positive correlation was found between d-ROMs and BMI (r = 0.25; p < 0.001) and age (r = 0.13; p < 0.01). Levels of d-ROM (>75th percentile: 420 AU) remained as an independent obesity predictor (odds ratio: 2.5; p < 0.001) in women. Continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation. CONCLUSION d-ROMs are a powerful obesity predictor, and could represent a reliable tool in obesity and cardiovascular risk evaluation, especially in women.
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1619
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Borsato DM, Prudente AS, Döll-Boscardin PM, Borsato AV, Luz CFP, Maia BHLNS, Cabrini DA, Otuki MF, Miguel MD, Farago PV, Miguel OG. Topical anti-inflammatory activity of a monofloral honey of Mimosa scabrella provided by Melipona marginata during winter in southern Brazil. J Med Food 2014; 17:817-25. [PMID: 24650139 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Melipona marginata is an endangered species of stingless bee from Brazil that produces honey with particular physicochemical features and a remarkable exotic flavor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report devoted to exploring the medicinal potential of this honey. Thus, the aim of this paper was to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory activity of honey extract from M. marginata on skin inflammation. The honey sample was classified as a monofloral honey of Mimosa scabrella. The presence of 11 phenolic compounds as kaempferol and caffeic acid was detected using the high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-UV-ESI-MS) method. The anti-inflammatory activity was measured using a 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced ear edema model of inflammation in mice. The topical application of the M. marginata honey extract (1.0 mg/ear) was able to reduce ear edema with an inhibitory effect of 54 ± 5%. This extract decreased the myeloperoxidase activity in 75 ± 3%, which suggests a lower leucocyte infiltration that was confirmed by histological analysis. This extract also provided a reduction of 55 ± 14% in the production of reactive oxygen species. This anti-inflammatory activity could be due to a synergic effect of the phenolic compounds identified in the honey sample. Taken together, these results open up new possibilities for the use of M. marginata honey extract in skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora M Borsato
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná , Curitiba, Brazil
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1620
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Rodríguez-Martín BC, Molerio-Pérez O. Exploring the factor structure of the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait in Cuban adults. Front Psychol 2014; 5:214. [PMID: 24672503 PMCID: PMC3957366 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Food cravings refer to an intense desire to eat specific foods. The Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait (FCQ-T) is the most commonly used instrument to assess food cravings as a multidimensional construct. Its 39 items have an underlying nine-factor structure for both the original English and Spanish version; but subsequent studies yielded fewer factors. As a result, a 15-item version of the FCQ-T with one-factor structure has been proposed (FCQ-T-reduced; see this Research Topic). The current study aimed to explore the factor structure of the Spanish version for both the FCQ-T and FCQ-T-reduced in a sample of 1241 Cuban adults. Results showed a four-factor structure for the FCQ-T, which explained 55% of the variance. Factors were highly correlated. Using the items of the FCQ-T-reduced only showed a one-factor structure, which explained 52% of the variance. Both versions of the FCQ-T were positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), scores on the Food Thoughts Suppression Inventory and weight cycling. In addition, women had higher scores than men and restrained eaters had higher scores than unrestrained eaters. To summarize, results showed that (1) the FCQ-T factor structure was significantly reduced in Cuban adults and (2) the FCQ-T-reduced may represent a good alternative to efficiently assess food craving on a trait level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris C. Rodríguez-Martín
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Central University “Marta Abreu” of Las VillasSanta Clara, Cuba
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1621
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Fratianni F, Cardinale F, Cozzolino A, Granese T, Albanese D, Di Matteo M, Zaccardelli M, Coppola R, Nazzaro F. Polyphenol composition and antioxidant activity of different grass pea (Lathyrus sativus), lentils (Lens culinaris), and chickpea (Cicer arietinum) ecotypes of the Campania region (Southern Italy). J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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1622
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Fadel FI, Elshamaa MF, Essam RG, Elghoroury EA, El-Saeed GSM, El-Toukhy SE, Ibrahim MH. Some amino acids levels: glutamine,glutamate, and homocysteine, in plasma of children with chronic kidney disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE : IJBS 2014; 10:36-42. [PMID: 24711748 PMCID: PMC3976446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition is a critical issue for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Serum albumin is the most commonly used nutritional marker. Another index is plasma amino acid (AA) profile. Of these, the plasma levels of glutamine, glutamate and homocysteine, correlate well with nutritional status. We measured some plasma AAs in children with different stages CKD to provide information in monitoring the therapeutic strategy, particularly in AA supplementary therapy or protein restriction. METHODS Three amino acids were evaluated along with albumin and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in 30 patients with advanced CKD stages 4 and 5. They were divided into two groups undergoing conservative treatment (CT) (n=15) or hemodialysis (HD) (n=15). An additional group of patients with nephrotic syndrome [CKD stage 2] was also studied to assess the alterations of plasma free amino acids with the early stage of CKD. Another 30 age- and sex-matched healthy children served as controls. RESULTS A significant increase in plasma concentration of amino acid glutamine was observed in children with advanced CKD stages 4 and 5 when compared with controls (P=0.02).Plasma glutamine level was significantly higher in ESRD children on HD than in children with nephrotic syndrome (P=0.02). We did not find a significant difference between HD children and CT children as regard to glutamine level. Notable differences were in the plasma homocysteine level detected in the CKD groups patients, which was greater than that in controls (P=0.0001). Plasma homocysteine level was significantly higher in children on HD than in children with nephrotic syndrome (P=0.01). A significant differences was observed in hs-CRP levels between the CKD groups and the controls (P=0.04). Albumin levels were lower in CKD groups than in controls (p=0.01). Glutamine showed significant positive correlations with blood urea level (r=0.84, P=0.002) and blood ammonia level (r=0.72, P=0.0001). On multiple linear regression, urea was the only variable independently associated with an elevated plasma glutamine level (Beta=0.77, P=0.02). CONCLUSION This study indicates that the advanced stages of CKD are associated with increased plasma concentrations of glutamine and homocysteine. Glutamine retained in the plasma of children with CRF, possibly producing higher levels of the waste products (urea and NH3). Dialysis alone is insufficient to redress completely the abnormalities in AA metabolism in ESRD children. Careful consideration of dialysis and dietary measures are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatina I Fadel
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Rascha G Essam
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman A Elghoroury
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Mona Hamed Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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1623
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Hypocholesterolemic activity of monascus fermented product in the absence of monacolins with partial purification for functional food applications. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:252647. [PMID: 24701147 PMCID: PMC3951000 DOI: 10.1155/2014/252647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is one of the most common chronic diseases in human. Along with chemical therapy traditional medication is used as hypocholesterolemic remedy, however, with unfavorable side effects. Recently, Monascus fermented product (MFP) has become a popular hypocholesterolemic natural supplement. In the present study, the hypocholesterolemic activity of Monascus purpureus FTC5391 fermented product ethanolic extract (MFPe) was investigated in hypercholesterolemic rats. Results showed that MFPe not only reduced the serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, TG concentration, and TC/HDL-C ratio but also increased the HDL-C. Further, solid phase extraction (SPE) was carried out to obtain the hypocholesterolemic bioactive fraction. The high polar fraction of SPE increased the HDL-C (42%) and decreased the TC (53.3%), LDL-C (47%), and TG (50.7%) levels as well as TC/HDL-C ratio (69.1%) in serum. The GC-MS results of the active fraction revealed two main compounds, isosorbide and erythritol, which act as coronary vasodilator compounds.
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1624
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Vindedzis SA, Sherriff JL, Stanton KG. Hypoglycemia in Insulin-Treated Adults on Established Nasogastric Feeding in the General Ward: A Systematic Review. DIABETES EDUCATOR 2014; 40:290-298. [PMID: 24525570 DOI: 10.1177/0145721714523510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to address 2 questions: First, what are the existing summary statistics of frequency of hypoglycemia in insulin-treated adults on established nasogastric feeding in the general ward? Second, to what extent does lack of homogeneity in defining, identifying, and reporting hypoglycemia affect these statistics? METHODS A systematic review of the literature documenting hypoglycemia in insulin-treated adults on nasogastric feeding for ≥ 3 days in the general ward was carried out. Data sources were PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, Cochrane, Directory of Open Access Journals, and PLoS. Search period was 1999 onward, postdating introduction of analog insulin. RESULTS Initially, 231 studies were identified, with 9 judged suitable for inclusion, according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. All included studies had as their primary objective the assessment of efficacy of insulin/feed regimens in the target population. Studies exhibited major heterogeneity. Definitions of hypoglycemia varied from < 60 mg/dL (3.3 mmol/L) to < 80 mg/dL (4.4 mmol/L), and 5 methods of reporting frequency of hypoglycemia were utilized, precluding pooled analysis. A descriptive synthesis of results was generated with some comparable results presented on a modified forest plot, showing 2.1% to 10.2% of patients with a hypoglycemic event and 1.1% to 5.4% blood glucose level < 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L). CONCLUSIONS Hypoglycemia is not uncommon in this population, but further research is needed for quantification. Standardized documentation and reporting methods incorporating sample size and study duration, such as hypoglycemic events per patient-days, would facilitate interstudy comparisons, as would documentation of hypoglycemia at the 2 most commonly defined levels: < 63 mg/dL (3.5 mmol/L) and < 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Vindedzis
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia (Ms Vindedzis, Dr Stanton)
| | - Jill L Sherriff
- School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia (Dr Sherriff)
| | - Kim G Stanton
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia (Ms Vindedzis, Dr Stanton)
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1625
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Cooked navy and black bean diets improve biomarkers of colon health and reduce inflammation during colitis. Br J Nutr 2014; 111:1549-63. [PMID: 24521520 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114513004352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Common beans contain non-digestible fermentable components (SCFA precursors) and phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins) with demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. The objective of the present study was to assess the in vivo effect of cooked whole-bean flours, with differing phenolic compound levels and profiles, in a mouse model of acute colitis. C57BL/6 mice were fed a 20 % navy bean or black bean flour-containing diet or an isoenergetic basal diet (BD) for 2 weeks before the induction of experimental colitis via 7 d dextran sodium sulphate (DSS, 2 % (w/v) in the drinking-water) exposure. Compared with the BD, both bean diets increased caecal SCFA and faecal phenolic compound concentrations (P< 0·05), which coincided with both beneficial and adverse effects on colonic and systemic inflammation. On the one hand, bean diets reduced mRNA expression of colonic inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-9, IFN-γ and IL-17A) and increased anti-inflammatory IL-10 (P< 0·05), while systemically reduced circulating cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα, IFNγ, and IL-17A, P< 0·05) and DSS-induced oxidative stress. On the other hand, bean diets enhanced DSS-induced colonic damage as indicated by an increased histological injury score and apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3 and FasL mRNA expression) (P< 0·05). In conclusion, bean-containing diets exerted both beneficial and adverse effects during experimental colitis by reducing inflammatory biomarkers both locally and systemically while aggravating colonic mucosal damage. Further research is required to understand the mechanisms through which beans exert their effects on colonic inflammation and the impact on colitis severity in human subjects.
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1626
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Tatti P, Lehmann ED, Barber AE, Passali D, Strollo F. Application of technology in endocrine disease. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:715029. [PMID: 24688544 PMCID: PMC3945073 DOI: 10.1155/2014/715029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizio Tatti
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, ASL RMH, Rome, Italy
| | - Eldon D. Lehmann
- Interventional Radiology Unit, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust (Northwick Park & St. Mark's Hospitals), Harrow, London HA1 3UJ, UK
| | - Annabel E. Barber
- General and Endocrine Surgery, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | | | - Felice Strollo
- Department of Metabolism, Nutrition and Wellness, INRCA-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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1627
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Honório GG, Azevedo GC, Matos MAC, de Oliveira MAL, Matos RC. Use of boron-doped diamond electrode pre-treated cathodically for the determination of trace metals in honey by differential pulse voltammetry. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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1628
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Suitability of three-dimensional synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy for fingerprint analysis of honey samples with reference to their phenolic profiles. Food Chem 2014; 145:319-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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1629
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Jamróz MK, Paradowska K, Zawada K, Makarova K, Kaźmierski S, Wawer I. ¹H and ¹³C NMR-based sugar profiling with chemometric analysis and antioxidant activity of herbhoneys and honeys. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:246-255. [PMID: 23712445 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbhoneys, relatively new bee products, are expected to have interesting medicinal properties. However, there is still a lack of data concerning their composition and antioxidant properties. ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy coupled with chemometric analysis (PCA and PLS-DA) and antioxidant assays (DPPH-ESR and ORAC-FL) were used to study 25 samples of Polish herbhoneys and honeys. RESULTS Antioxidant activity varied among the samples. The best properties were exhibited by cocoa and instant coffee herbhoneys. The contents of total polyphenols and total carotenoids in the studied samples were found to be 70-1340 mg GAE kg⁻¹ and 0-28.05 mg kg⁻¹ respectively. No significant differences between herbhoney and honey samples were found in their sugar profiles. The PCA of ¹³C NMR spectra of the samples in DMSO-d6 resulted in sample clustering due to sucrose content. CONCLUSION Herbhoneys have similar antioxidant properties to traditional honeys, being therefore of equal nutritional value. There was a noticeable influence of the extract concentration on the observed antioxidant effect. For samples with high antioxidant activity, polyphenols were responsible for the observed effect. Sample clustering due to sucrose content in the NMR-PCA study allowed effortless detection of adulteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta K Jamróz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, PL-02-097, Warsaw, Poland
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1630
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Alkaladi A, Abdelazim AM, Afifi M. Antidiabetic activity of zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:2015-23. [PMID: 24477262 PMCID: PMC3958835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15022015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles in medicine is an attractive proposition. In the present study, zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles were evaluated for their antidiabetic activity. Fifty male albino rats with weight 120 ± 20 and age 6 months were used. Animals were grouped as follows: control; did not receive any type of treatment, diabetic; received a single intraperitoneal dose of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg), diabetic + zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), received single daily oral dose of 10 mg/kg ZnONPs in suspension, diabetic + silver nanoparticles (SNPs); received a single daily oral dose of SNP of 10 mg/kg in suspension and diabetic + insulin; received a single subcutaneous dose of 0.6 units/50 g body weight. Zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles induce a significant reduced blood glucose, higher serum insulin, higher glucokinase activity higher expression level of insulin, insulin receptor, GLUT-2 and glucokinase genes in diabetic rats treated with zinc oxide, silver nanoparticles and insulin. In conclusion, zinc oxide and sliver nanoparticles act as potent antidiabetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alkaladi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, North Campus, P.O. Box 11508, Jeddah 21463, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Aaser Mohamed Abdelazim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Afifi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, North Campus, P.O. Box 11508, Jeddah 21463, Saudi Arabia.
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1631
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Zeng YW, Yang JZ, Pu XY, Du J, Yang T, Yang SM, Zhu WH. Strategies of functional food for cancer prevention in human beings. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:1585-92. [PMID: 23679240 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.3.1585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional food for prevention of chronic diseases is one of this century's key global challenges. Cancer is not only the first or second leading cause of death in China and other countries across the world, but also has diet as one of the most important modifiable risk factors. Major dietary factors now known to promote cancer development are polished grain foods and low intake of fresh vegetables, with general importance for an unhealthy lifestyle and obesity. The strategies of cancer prevention in human being are increased consumption of functional foods like whole grains (brown rice, barley, and buckwheat) and by-products, as well some vegetables (bitter melon, garlic, onions, broccoli, and cabbage) and mushrooms (boletes and Tricholoma matsutake). In addition some beverages (green tea and coffee) may be protective. Southwest China (especially Yunnan Province) is a geographical area where functional crop production is closely related to the origins of human evolution with implications for anticancer influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Zeng
- Biotechnology and Genetic Germplasm Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunmin, China.
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1632
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Jayalath VH, de Souza RJ, Sievenpiper JL, Ha V, Chiavaroli L, Mirrahimi A, Di Buono M, Bernstein AM, Leiter LA, Kris-Etherton PM, Vuksan V, Beyene J, Kendall CW, Jenkins DJ. Effect of dietary pulses on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials. Am J Hypertens 2014; 27:56-64. [PMID: 24014659 PMCID: PMC5391775 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpt155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current guidelines recommend diet and lifestyle modifications for primary prevention and treatment of hypertension, but do not encourage dietary pulses specifically for lowering blood pressure (BP). To quantify the effect of dietary pulse interventions on BP and provide evidence for their inclusion in dietary guidelines, a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials was conducted. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were each searched from inception through 5 May 2013. Human trials ≥3 weeks that reported data for systolic, diastolic, and/or mean arterial BPs were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality and risk of bias of included studies. Effect estimates were pooled using random effects models, and reported as mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed (χ2 test) and quantified (I2). RESULTS Eight isocaloric trials (n = 554 participants with and without hypertension) were included in the analysis. Dietary pulses, exchanged isocalorically for other foods, significantly lowered systolic (MD = −2.25 mm Hg (95% CI, −4.22 to −0.28), P = 0.03) and mean arterial BP (MD = −0.75 mm Hg (95% CI, −1.44 to −0.06), P = 0.03), and diastolic BP non-significantly (MD = −0.71 mm Hg (95% CI, −1.74 to 0.31), P = 0.17). Heterogeneity was significant for all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Dietary pulses significantly lowered BP in people with and without hypertension. Higher-quality large-scale trials are needed to support these findings. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01594567
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Affiliation(s)
- Viranda H. Jayalath
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Russell J. de Souza
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - John L. Sievenpiper
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vanessa Ha
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Chiavaroli
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arash Mirrahimi
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marco Di Buono
- Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam M. Bernstein
- Wellness Institute of the Cleveland Clinic, Lyndhurst, Ohio
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lawrence A. Leiter
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Penny M. Kris-Etherton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Vladimir Vuksan
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph Beyene
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cyril W.C. Kendall
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - David J.A. Jenkins
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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1633
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Conidi C, Cassano A, Garcia-Castello E. Valorization of artichoke wastewaters by integrated membrane process. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 48:363-374. [PMID: 24125635 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work an integrated membrane system was developed on laboratory scale to fractionate artichoke wastewaters. In particular, a preliminary ultrafiltration (UF) step, based on the use of hollow fibre membranes, was investigated to remove suspended solids from an artichoke extract. The clarified solution was then submitted to a nanofiltration (NF) step. Two different 2.5 × 21 in. spiral-wound membranes (Desal DL and NP030) with different properties were investigated. Both membranes showed a high rejection towards the phenolic compounds analysed (chlorogenic acid, cynarin and apigenin-7-O-glucoside) and, consequently, towards the total antioxidant activity (TAA). On the other hand, the Desal DL membrane was characterized by a high rejection towards sugar compounds (glucose, fructose and sucrose) (100%) when compared with the NP030 membrane (4.02%). The performance of selected membranes in terms of permeate flux, fouling index and water permeability recovery was also evaluated. On the base of experimental results, an integrated membrane process for the fractionation of artichoke wastewaters was proposed. This conceptual process design permitted to obtain different valuable products: a retentate fraction (from the NP030 membrane) enriched in phenolic compounds suitable for nutraceutical, cosmeceutical or food application; a retentate fraction (from the Desal DL membrane), enriched in sugar compounds, of interest for food applications; a clear permeate (from the Desal DL membrane) which can be reused as process water or for membrane cleaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Conidi
- Institute on Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR, c/o University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 17/C, I-87030 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
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1634
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Umrani RD, Paknikar KM. Zinc oxide nanoparticles show antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced Type 1 and 2 diabetic rats. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:89-104. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The correlation of diabetes and an imbalance in zinc homeostasis makes zinc-based therapy an attractive proposition. In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles were evaluated for antidiabetic effects and safety. Materials & methods: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (1, 3 and 10 mg/kg) were tested for antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced Type 1 and 2 diabetic rats. A single-dose pharmacokinetic study, cytotoxicity, hemolysis, acute and subacute toxicity tests, and mechanism-of-action studies were performed. Results: Oral administration of zinc oxide nanoparticles resulted in significant antidiabetic effects – that is, improved glucose tolerance, higher serum insulin (70%), reduced blood glucose (29%), reduced nonesterified fatty acids (40%) and reduced triglycerides (48%). Nanoparticles were systemically absorbed resulting in elevated zinc levels in the liver, adipose tissue and pancreas. Increased insulin secretion and superoxide dismutase activity were also seen in rat insulinoma (RIN-5F) cells. Nanoparticles were safe up to a 300 mg/kg dose in rats. Conclusion: Zinc oxide nanoparticles are a promising antidiabetic agent warranting further studies. Original submitted 9 July 2012; Revised submitted 27 November 2012; Published online 21 February 2013
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinku D Umrani
- Centre for Nanobioscience, Agharkar Research Institute, G G Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kishore M Paknikar
- Centre for Nanobioscience, Agharkar Research Institute, G G Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, Maharashtra, India
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1635
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Joukar S, Zarisfi Z, Sepehri G, Bashiri A. Efficacy of Melissa officinalis in suppressing ventricular arrhythmias following ischemia-reperfusion of the heart: a comparison with amiodarone. Med Princ Pract 2014; 23:340-5. [PMID: 24942615 PMCID: PMC5586902 DOI: 10.1159/000363452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the influence of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm), a well-known herbal drug with numerous applications in traditional and modern medicine, on cardiac conduction and susceptibility to lethal ventricular arrhythmia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into a control group (CTL), an M. officinalis group that received the aqueous extract of M. officinalis L. intraperitoneally (i.p.) at dosages of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/ml/kg, respectively, and an amiodarone group (Amio group) that received 30 mg/ml/kg i.p. of amiodarone. Heart ischemia/reperfusion was induced by the ligation and release of the left anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. RESULTS There were no statistical differences between the groups in the basal heart rate and blood pressure. PR, corrected QT (QTc) and QRS intervals increased in the M. officinalis and Amio groups. PR and QTc were statistically significant only in the Amio group and QRS was significant only in the group receiving 400 mg of M. officinalis (M400 group) in comparison with the CTL group. During the reperfusion period, the decrease in ventricular fibrillations was statistically significant in all groups (except the M400 group) when compared with the CTL group. The score of arrhythmia severity also decreased, but was statistically significant only in the Amio group (p < 0.05 vs. CTL group). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that M. officinalis extract has a mild protective effect against reperfusion-induced lethal ventricular arrhythmias in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyavash Joukar
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- *Siyavash Joukar, PhD, Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, PO Box, Kerman 7616914115 (Iran), E-Mail or
| | - Zahra Zarisfi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Sepehri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Bashiri
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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1636
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Mangeri F, Montesi L, Forlani G, Grave RD, Marchesini G. A standard ballroom and Latin dance program to improve fitness and adherence to physical activity in individuals with type 2 diabetes and in obesity. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2014; 6:74. [PMID: 25045404 PMCID: PMC4082296 DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-6-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the effectiveness of a dance program to improve fitness and adherence to physical activity in subjects with type 2 diabetes and obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Following a motivational interviewing session, 100 subjects with diabetes and/or obesity were enrolled either in a dance program (DP, n = 42) or in a self-selected physical activity program (SSP, n = 58), according to their preferences. Outcome measures were reduced BMI/waist circumference, improved metabolic control in type 2 diabetes (-0.3% reduction of HbA1c) and improved fitness (activity expenditure >10 MET-hour/week; 10% increase in 6-min walk test (6MWT)). Target achievement was tested at 3 and 6 months, after adjustment for baseline data (propensity score). RESULTS Attrition was lower in DP. Both programs significantly decreased body weight (on average, -2.6 kg; P < 0.001) and waist circumference (DP, -3.2 cm; SSP, -2.2; P < 0.01) at 3 months, and the results were maintained at 6 months. In DP, the activity-related energy expenditure averaged 13.5 ± 1.8 MET-hour/week in the first three months and 14.1 ± 3.0 in the second three-month period. In SSP, activity energy expenditure was higher but highly variable in the first three-month period (16.5 ± 13.9 MET-hour/week), and decreased in the following three months (14.2 ± 12.3; P vs. first period < 0.001). At three months, no differences in target achievement were observed between groups. After six months the odds to attain the MET, 6MWT and A1c targets were all significantly associated with DP. CONCLUSION Dance may be an effective strategy to implement physical activity in motivated subjects with type 2 diabetes or obesity (Clinical trial reg. no.NCT02021890, clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Felice Mangeri
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology, General Hospital, Gavardo, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Montesi
- Unit of Metabolic Diseases and Clinical Dietetics, “Alma Mater Studiorum” University of Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola, Via Massarenti, 9 I-40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Forlani
- Unit of Metabolic Diseases and Clinical Dietetics, “Alma Mater Studiorum” University of Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola, Via Massarenti, 9 I-40138, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Marchesini
- Unit of Metabolic Diseases and Clinical Dietetics, “Alma Mater Studiorum” University of Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola, Via Massarenti, 9 I-40138, Bologna, Italy
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1637
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Staver MM, Ratkaj I, Broznić D, Jerković I, Marijanović Z, Željezić D, Pavelić SK. Bioactivity of Satureja montana L. honey extracts and their profile screening. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08368g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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1638
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Investigation of chemical keys for relationship between plants and their unifloral honeys by hydrodistillation and SPME and biological activities of honeys. Eur Food Res Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-013-2147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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1639
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Mediterranean Diet and Red Yeast Rice Supplementation for the Management of Hyperlipidemia in Statin-Intolerant Patients with or without Type 2 Diabetes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:743473. [PMID: 24454511 PMCID: PMC3884966 DOI: 10.1155/2013/743473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid profile could be modified by Mediterranean diet (MD) and by red yeast rice (RYR). We assessed the lipid-lowering effects of MD alone or in combination with RYR on dyslipidemic statin-intolerant subjects, with or without type 2 diabetes, for 24 weeks. We evaluated the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglyceride, liver enzyme, and creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels. We studied 171 patients: 46 type 2 diabetic patients treated with MD alone (Group 1), 44 type 2 diabetic patients treated with MD associated with RYR (Group 2), 38 dyslipidemic patients treated with MD alone (Group 3), and 43 dyslipidemic patients treated with MD plus RYR (Group 4). The mean percentage changes in LDL cholesterol from the baseline were −7.34 ± 3.14% (P < 0.05) for Group 1; −21.02 ± 1.63% (P < 0.001) for Group 2; −12.47 ± 1.75% (P < 0.001) for Group 3; and −22 ± 2.19% (P < 0.001) for Group 4 with significant intergroup difference (Group 1 versus Group 2, P < 0.001; Group 3 versus Group 4, P > 0.05). No significant increase in AST, ALT, and CPK levels was observed in all groups. Our results indicate that MD alone is effective in reducing LDL cholesterol levels in statin-intolerant patients with a presumably low cardiovascular risk, but associating MD with the administration of RYR improves patients' LDL cholesterol levels more, and in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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1640
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Fernández-Cuesta A, León L, Velasco L, De la Rosa R. Changes in squalene and sterols associated with olive maturation. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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1641
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Richard C, Royer MM, Couture P, Cianflone K, Rezvani R, Desroches S, Lamarche B. Effect of the Mediterranean diet on plasma adipokine concentrations in men with metabolic syndrome. Metabolism 2013; 62:1803-10. [PMID: 23993420 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While a Mediterranean dietary pattern (MedDiet) has been associated with favorable changes in several features of metabolic syndrome (MetS), its impact on plasma adipokine concentrations remains largely unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the MedDiet consumed under controlled feeding conditions, without (-WL) and with weight loss (+WL), on plasma adipokine concentrations in adult men with MetS (NCEP-ATP III). MATERIALS/METHODS The diet of 26 men with MetS (age 24 to 62 yrs) was first standardized to a North American control diet for 5 weeks. Participants then consumed a pre-determined MedDiet for 5 weeks. Both diets were consumed under weight-maintaining isoenergetic feeding conditions. Participants then underwent a 20-week free-living caloric restriction period, after which they consumed the MedDiet again in weight stabilizing, isoenergetic feeding conditions. RESULTS Body weight was reduced by 10.2%±2.9% and waist circumference by 8.6±3.3 cm after the weight loss period and stabilization on MedDiet (P<0.001). MedDiet-WL had no impact on plasma concentrations of leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, resistin, visfatin, acylation stimulating protein and adiponectin. MedDiet+WL reduced plasma leptin concentrations (P<0.01) and increased plasma adiponectin concentrations (P<0.05) compared with the control diet and MedDiet-WL. CONCLUSION Data from this nutritionally controlled study suggest that short-term consumption of MedDiet has little effect on the concentrations of many adipokines in the absence of weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Richard
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, 2440, boul. Hochelaga, Québec (Qc), Canada, G1V 0A6
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1642
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Milić M, Kišan M, Rogulj D, Radman M, Lovrenčić MV, Konjevoda P, Domijan AM. Level of primary DNA damage in the early stage of metabolic syndrome. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2013; 758:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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1643
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Escuredo O, Carmen Seijo M, Salvador J, Inmaculada González-Martín M. Near infrared spectroscopy for prediction of antioxidant compounds in the honey. Food Chem 2013; 141:3409-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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1644
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Pal A, De S, Sengupta P, Maity P, Dhara PC. Relationship of body compositional and nutritional parameters with blood pressure in adults. J Hum Nutr Diet 2013; 27:489-500. [PMID: 24206006 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has been regarded as a single best predictor and major controllable contributor to hypertension. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between body compositional and nutritional parameters with blood pressure in rural Bengalee adults. METHODS Anthropometric measures, blood pressure and nutritional parameters were measured in 522 rural Bengalee adults using standard protocols. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was carried out to identify cut-off values of body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat (BF%) as associated factors of hypertension and hypotension. RESULTS Most of the subjects were normotensive. However, a notable percentage had hypertension (males: 21.86%; females: 15.27%), although the prevalence of hypotension was low (males: 10.53%; females: 8.73%). Obesity indicators were significantly higher in hypertensive individuals than hypotensive and normotensive individuals. All anthropometric parameters and obesity indicators were significantly correlated (P < 0.001) with blood pressure. Blood pressure increased steadily from being underweight through to normal and then to overweight/obese individuals. There were significant differences in the percentage of hypertension and hypotension between nutritional categories. Blood pressure had significant positive correlation with energy, carbohydrate and fat intake, whereas protein and calcium were negatively associated with blood pressure. The suggested cut-off values of BMI and BF%, which were taken as associated factors of hypertension, were 21.86 kg m⁻² and 20.31%, and those of hypotension were 18.18 kg m⁻² and 13.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In lean rural Bengalee populations, high BMI levels may be associated with an increased risk of hypertension. The cut-off values of BMI and BF% in the present study suggested associated factors for cardiovascular risk factors and these values may be of help with respect to reducing mean population blood pressure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pal
- Ergonomics and Sports Physiology Division, Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
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1645
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Dilis V, Vasilopoulou E, Alexieva I, Boyko N, Bondrea A, Fedosov S, Hayran O, Jorjadze M, Karpenko D, Costa HS, Finglas P, Trichopoulou A. Definition and documentation of traditional foods of the Black Sea Area Countries: potential nutrition claims. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:3473-3477. [PMID: 23712943 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition and health claims are permitted in foods marketed in the European Union under Regulation 1924/2006. Quality products such as traditional foods might benefit from this act, as it can highlight their nutritional richness. In this study the nutritional content of 33 traditional foods from the Black Sea Area Countries was evaluated against the thresholds of the Regulation for nutrition claims. RESULTS Most of the foods were eligible to bear several nutrition claims, mostly related to their fat, sugar, fiber and sodium content. The average number of claims per traditional food was two, with a range between zero and nine. Overall, about 72 nutrition claims were potentially relevant for the 33 traditional foods studied. Foods linked with the most claims were nuts and seeds. CONCLUSION The inclusion of traditional foods under this standardized European scheme could be an efficient way to highlight their possible beneficial nutritional properties. The production and marketing of traditional foods could be of benefit to both the health of consumers and the economic viability of producers, especially small- and medium-size enterprises.
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1646
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Derosa G, Bonaventura A, Bianchi L, Romano D, D'Angelo A, Fogari E, Maffioli P. Berberis aristata/Silybum marianum fixed combination on lipid profile and insulin secretion in dyslipidemic patients. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2013; 13:1495-506. [PMID: 23971720 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2013.832751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relatively large number of dietary supplements and nutraceuticals have been studied for their supposed or demonstrated ability to reduce cholesterolemia in humans. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy as antihypercholesterolemic and insulin-sensitizing agent of a combination of Berberis aristata/Silybum marianum extract (Berberol®) in a sample of dyslipidemic patients. A total of 102 dyslipidemic subjects were enrolled. After a 6 months run-in period of diet and physical activity, the patients were randomized to placebo or Berberis aristata/Silybum marianum extract 588 mg/105 mg, twice a day for 3 months. Berberis aristata/Silybum marianum and placebo were then interrupted for 2 months (washout period), and then restarted for further 3 months. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were assessed; moreover, all patients underwent a glucagon stimulation test. RESULTS Berberis aristata/Silybum marianum reduced total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol after 3 months from randomization and compared to placebo group. When Berberis aristata/Silybum marianum was interrupted, lipid profile worsened, and it improved again when nutraceutical combination was reintroduced. During the glucagon stimulation test, a higher increase of C-peptide levels and a lower increase in glycemia after the test with Berberis aristata/Silybum marianum compared to placebo, to baseline and to randomization were recorded. No patients had serious adverse events in both groups. CONCLUSION Berberis aristata/Silybum marianum is effective and safe in improving lipid profile and insulin secretion in euglycemic dyslipidemic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Derosa
- University of Pavia, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo , P.le C. Golgi, 2 Pavia, 27100 , Italy +39 0382 526217 ; +39 0382 526259 ;
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1647
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Antioxidant and antibacterial evaluation of honey bee hive extracts using in vitro models. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12349-013-0139-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Akhmazillah M, Farid M, Silva F. High pressure processing (HPP) of honey for the improvement of nutritional value. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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1649
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Bioelectrical impedance analysis or basic anthropometrical parameters for evaluating weight loss success? Open Med (Wars) 2013. [DOI: 10.2478/s11536-013-0206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
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Lentil-based diets attenuate hypertension and large-artery remodelling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Br J Nutr 2013; 111:690-8. [PMID: 24063808 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114513002997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor for CVD, the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The prevalence of hypertension is expected to continue increasing, and current pharmacological treatments cannot alleviate all the associated problems. Pulse crops have been touted as a general health food and are now being studied for their possible effects on several disease states including hypertension, obesity and diabetes. In the present study, 15-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were fed diets containing 30% w/w beans, peas, lentils, chickpeas, or mixed pulses or a pulse-free control diet for 4 weeks. Normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were placed on a control diet. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured weekly, while blood pressure (BP) was measured at baseline and week 4. Fasting serum obtained in week 4 of the study was analysed for circulating lipids. A histological analysis was carried out on aortic sections to determine vascular geometry. Of all the pulse varieties studied, lentils were found to be able to attenuate the rise in BP in the SHR model (P< 0·05). Lentils were able to decrease the media:lumen ratio and media width of the aorta. The total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and HDL-cholesterol levels of rats fed the pulse-based diets were found to be lower when compared with those of the WKY rat and SHR controls (P< 0·05). Although all pulses reduced circulating TC and LDL-C levels in the SHR, only lentils significantly reduced the rise in BP and large-artery remodelling in the SHR, but had no effect on PWV. These results indicate that the effects of lentils on arterial remodelling and BP in the SHR are independent of circulating LDL-C levels.
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