151
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Model-based NIR spectroscopy implementation for in-line assay monitoring during a pharmaceutical suspension manufacturing process. Int J Pharm 2018; 546:247-254. [PMID: 29792986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of Process Analytical Technology (PAT) instruments is generally achieved stochastically. Sub-optimal PAT locations could introduce variation in the measurements which is not related to the analyte of interest. For this reason, rational approaches should be considered to establish an optimal sensor placement where relevant measurements are possible and the impact of disturbances is minimized. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how mechanistic modelling can support appropriate sensor implementation by means of a case study. A PAT method was developed for a bottle filling process of a pharmaceutical formulation with the goal of increasing the yield of the process by gaining process understanding and redefining the endpoint of the process. To ensure proper measurements, an advanced measuring interfacing was assembled. The design of this device was rationalized with the help of a model-based approach using three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics modeling. This allows to maximize the performance of the PAT method and exploit its full benefits.
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152
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Liu C, Guo DA, Liu L. Quality transitivity and traceability system of herbal medicine products based on quality markers. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 44:247-257. [PMID: 29631807 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to a variety of factors to affect the herb quality, the existing quality management model is unable to evaluate the process control. The development of the concept of "quality marker" (Q-marker) lays basis for establishing an independent process quality control system for herbal products. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE To ensure the highest degree of safety, effectiveness and quality process control of herbal products, it is aimed to establish a quality transitivity and traceability system of quality and process control from raw materials to finished herbal products. STUDY DESIGN Based on the key issues and challenges of quality assessment, the current status of quality and process controls from raw materials to herbal medicinal products listed in Pharmacopoeia were analyzed and the research models including discovery and identification of Q-markers, analysis and quality management of risk evaluation were designed. METHODS Authors introduced a few new technologies and methodologies, such as DNA barcoding, chromatographic technologies, fingerprint analysis, chemical markers, bio-responses, risk management and solution for quality process control. RESULTS The quality and process control models for herbal medicinal products were proposed and the transitivity and traceability system from raw materials to the finished products was constructed to improve the herbal quality from the entire supply and production chain. CONCLUSION The transitivity and traceability system has been established based on quality markers, especially on how to control the production process under Good Engineering Practices, as well as to implement the risk management for quality and process control in herbal medicine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxiao Liu
- Tianjin Research Centre for Drug Evaluation, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - De-An Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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153
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Agrahari V, Agrahari V. Facilitating the translation of nanomedicines to a clinical product: challenges and opportunities. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:974-991. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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154
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Paul S, Chang SY, Dun J, Sun WJ, Wang K, Tajarobi P, Boissier C, Sun CC. Comparative analyses of flow and compaction properties of diverse mannitol and lactose grades. Int J Pharm 2018; 546:39-49. [PMID: 29705102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate selection of excipient grade during tablet formulation development depends on thorough knowledge in their compaction and flow properties. Each chemically unique pharmaceutical excipient is usually available in several commercial grades that are widely different in powder properties, which influence their performance for a specific formulation application. In this work, 11 grades of mannitol were systematically characterized, in terms of their particulate, flow and tableting properties, and compared against 5 grades of lactose. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified significant correlations among selected variables, such as particle size, surface area, flowability, wall friction, plasticity parameter, tensile strength, and tablet brittleness. PCA also revealed similar grades of the two excipients, which may be used to select replacement grade, if needed, based on similarity in their overall properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhajit Paul
- Pharmaceutical Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 9-127B Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Shao-Yu Chang
- Pharmaceutical Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 9-127B Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jiangnan Dun
- Pharmaceutical Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 9-127B Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wei-Jhe Sun
- Pharmaceutical Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 9-127B Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kunlin Wang
- Pharmaceutical Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 9-127B Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | | | - Changquan Calvin Sun
- Pharmaceutical Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 9-127B Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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155
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Cui Y, Chung TS. Pharmaceutical concentration using organic solvent forward osmosis for solvent recovery. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1426. [PMID: 29650948 PMCID: PMC5897543 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03612-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The organic solvent forward osmosis (OSFO) process can simultaneously concentrate the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and recover the organic solvents. Here we demonstrate and evaluate an OSFO process for solvent recovery. In this demonstration, OSFO was conducted in different solvents with different draw solutes. The OSFO process shows rejections >98% when recovering organic solvents from different feed solutions, even when the feed concentration is as high as 20 wt%. More importantly, all systems exhibit relatively low ratios of reverse solute flux to solvent flux, indicating that the adverse effects of using hazardous draw solutions could be minimized. Nevertheless, the use of non-hazardous draw solutes such as citric acid is highly recommended to remove any potential risk, and it has been demonstrated. Herein, the OSFO process is a promising technology for solvent recovery as it possesses a reasonable solvent flux, low reverse solute flux and requires no external pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Tai-Shung Chung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
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156
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Harting J, Kleinebudde P. Development of an in-line Raman spectroscopic method for continuous API quantification during twin-screw wet granulation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 125:169-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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157
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Nicolaï N, De Leersnyder F, Copot D, Stock M, Ionescu CM, Gernaey KV, Nopens I, De Beer T. Liquid‐to‐solid ratio control as an advanced process control solution for continuous twin‐screw wet granulation. AIChE J 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Nicolaï
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Process Analytical Technology (LPPAT)Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460Ghent 9000 Belgium
- Dept. of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, BIOMATH, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University, Coupure Links 653Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Fien De Leersnyder
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Process Analytical Technology (LPPAT)Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Dana Copot
- Dept. of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Constructions and Systems, Research Group on Dynamical Systems and ControlGhent University, Technologiepark 914Zwijnaarde 9052 Belgium
| | - Michiel Stock
- Dept. of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, KERMIT, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University, Coupure Links 653Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Clara M. Ionescu
- Dept. of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Constructions and Systems, Research Group on Dynamical Systems and ControlGhent University, Technologiepark 914Zwijnaarde 9052 Belgium
| | - Krist V. Gernaey
- Dept. of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, CAPEC‐PROCESS Research CenterTechnical University of Denmark, Building 229Kgs. Lyngby 2800 Denmark
| | - Ingmar Nopens
- Dept. of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, BIOMATH, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University, Coupure Links 653Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Thomas De Beer
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Process Analytical Technology (LPPAT)Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460Ghent 9000 Belgium
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158
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Collins PC. Chemical engineering and the culmination of quality by design in pharmaceuticals. AIChE J 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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159
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The Impact of Global Sensitivities and Design Measures in Model-Based Optimal Experimental Design. Processes (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/pr6040027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of chemical engineering, mathematical models have been proven to be an indispensable tool for process analysis, process design, and condition monitoring. To gain the most benefit from model-based approaches, the implemented mathematical models have to be based on sound principles, and they need to be calibrated to the process under study with suitable model parameter estimates. Often, the model parameters identified by experimental data, however, pose severe uncertainties leading to incorrect or biased inferences. This applies in particular in the field of pharmaceutical manufacturing, where usually the measurement data are limited in quantity and quality when analyzing novel active pharmaceutical ingredients. Optimally designed experiments, in turn, aim to increase the quality of the gathered data in the most efficient way. Any improvement in data quality results in more precise parameter estimates and more reliable model candidates. The applied methods for parameter sensitivity analyses and design criteria are crucial for the effectiveness of the optimal experimental design. In this work, different design measures based on global parameter sensitivities are critically compared with state-of-the-art concepts that follow simplifying linearization principles. The efficient implementation of the proposed sensitivity measures is explicitly addressed to be applicable to complex chemical engineering problems of practical relevance. As a case study, the homogeneous synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-1H-1-benzazepine-2,5-dione, a scaffold for the preparation of various protein kinase inhibitors, is analyzed followed by a more complex model of biochemical reactions. In both studies, the model-based optimal experimental design benefits from global parameter sensitivities combined with proper design measures.
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160
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Escotet-Espinoza MS, Vadodaria S, Singh R, Muzzio FJ, Ierapetritou MG. Modeling the effects of material properties on tablet compaction: A building block for controlling both batch and continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Int J Pharm 2018; 543:274-287. [PMID: 29567195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
As the pharmaceutical industry modernizes its manufacturing practices and incorporates more efficient processing approaches, it is important to reevaluate which process design elements affect product quality and the means to study these systems. The purpose of this work is to provide insight on a methodology to correlate the effect of raw material properties to equipment and process performance using both data-driven and semi-empirical models. In this work, lubricated blends of pharmaceutically-relevant materials were made using varying levels of magnesium stearate, ranging from 0.25 to 1.5%. Materials characterization (e.g., compressibility, permeability, density, particle size) was performed for all materials and blends. The blends were compressed using a two by three experimental design, varying tablet fill cam depth and tablet thickness, respectively. Tablet properties (e.g., weight, tensile strength, and thickness) were collected for all tablets. Using the collected tablet property results, models coefficients for the semi-empirical Kuentz and Leuenberger equation, which relates the tablet tensile strength to changes in porosity, were regressed. Empirical models were then developed to correlate the values of the Kuentz and Leuenberger equation coefficients to the blend material properties. The empirical models were then used in conjunction with the Kuentz and Leuenberger equation to evaluate the compression design and operational space, accounting for material properties. This proof of concept work aimed at developing correlations between raw material properties and unit operation models can aid process development, especially in design space characterization and robustness analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sebastian Escotet-Espinoza
- Engineering Research Center for Structured Organic Particulate Systems (C-SOPS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Shishir Vadodaria
- Engineering Research Center for Structured Organic Particulate Systems (C-SOPS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ravendra Singh
- Engineering Research Center for Structured Organic Particulate Systems (C-SOPS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Fernando J Muzzio
- Engineering Research Center for Structured Organic Particulate Systems (C-SOPS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Marianthi G Ierapetritou
- Engineering Research Center for Structured Organic Particulate Systems (C-SOPS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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161
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Colombo S, Beck-Broichsitter M, Bøtker JP, Malmsten M, Rantanen J, Bohr A. Transforming nanomedicine manufacturing toward Quality by Design and microfluidics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 128:115-131. [PMID: 29626549 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nanopharmaceuticals aim at translating the unique features of nano-scale materials into therapeutic products and consequently their development relies critically on the progression in manufacturing technology to allow scalable processes complying with process economy and quality assurance. The relatively high failure rate in translational nanopharmaceutical research and development, with respect to new products on the market, is at least partly due to immature bottom-up manufacturing development and resulting sub-optimal control of quality attributes in nanopharmaceuticals. Recently, quality-oriented manufacturing of pharmaceuticals has undergone an unprecedented change toward process and product development interaction. In this context, Quality by Design (QbD) aims to integrate product and process development resulting in an increased number of product applications to regulatory agencies and stronger proprietary defense strategies of process-based products. Although QbD can be applied to essentially any production approach, microfluidic production offers particular opportunities for QbD-based manufacturing of nanopharmaceuticals. Microfluidics provides unique design flexibility, process control and parameter predictability, and also offers ample opportunities for modular production setups, allowing process feedback for continuously operating production and process control. The present review aims at outlining emerging opportunities in the synergistic implementation of QbD strategies and microfluidic production in contemporary development and manufacturing of nanopharmaceuticals. In doing so, aspects of design and development, but also technology management, are reviewed, as is the strategic role of these tools for aligning nanopharmaceutical innovation, development, and advanced industrialization in the broader pharmaceutical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Colombo
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Martin Malmsten
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Copenhagen, Denmark; Uppsala University, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jukka Rantanen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adam Bohr
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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162
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Affiliation(s)
- Levente L. Simon
- Dep. of Chemical EngineeringIllinois Institute of TechnologyChicago IL 60616
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163
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Simulation of particle size segregation in a pharmaceutical tablet press lab-scale gravity feeder. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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164
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Stauffer F, Vanhoorne V, Pilcer G, Chavez PF, Rome S, Schubert MA, Aerts L, De Beer T. Raw material variability of an active pharmaceutical ingredient and its relevance for processability in secondary continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 127:92-103. [PMID: 29452241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) raw material variability is not always thoroughly considered during pharmaceutical process development, mainly due to low quantities of drug substance available. However, synthesis, crystallization routes and production sites evolve during product development and product life cycle leading to changes in physical material attributes which can potentially affect their processability. Recent literature highlights the need for a global approach to understand the link between material synthesis, material variability, process and product quality. The study described in this article aims at explaining the raw material variability of an API using extensive material characterization on a restricted number of representative batches using multivariate data analysis. It is part of a larger investigation trying to link the API drug substance manufacturing process, the resulting physical API raw material attributes and the drug product continuous manufacturing process. Eight API batches produced using different synthetic routes, crystallization, drying, delumping processes and processing equipment were characterized, extensively. Seventeen properties from seven characterization techniques were retained for further analysis using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Three principal components (PCs) were sufficient to explain 92.9% of the API raw material variability. The first PC was related to crystal length, agglomerate size and fraction, flowability and electrostatic charging. The second PC was driven by the span of the particle size distribution and the agglomerates strength. The third PC was related to surface energy. Additionally, the PCA allowed to summarize the API batch-to-batch variability in only three PCs which can be used in future drug product development studies to quantitatively evaluate the impact of the API raw material variability upon the drug product process. The approach described in this article could be applied to any other compound which is prone to batch-to-batch variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Stauffer
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Process Analytical Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - V Vanhoorne
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - G Pilcer
- Drug Delivery Design and Development, UCB, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - P-F Chavez
- Drug Delivery Design and Development, UCB, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - S Rome
- Analytical Sciences for Pharmaceuticals, UCB, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - M A Schubert
- Drug Delivery Design and Development, UCB, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - L Aerts
- Analytical Sciences for Pharmaceuticals, UCB, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - T De Beer
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Process Analytical Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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165
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Hirschberg C, Boetker JP, Rantanen J, Pein-Hackelbusch M. Using 3D Printing for Rapid Prototyping of Characterization Tools for Investigating Powder Blend Behavior. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:941-950. [PMID: 29098643 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0904-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing need to provide more detailed insight into the behavior of particulate systems. The current powder characterization tools are developed empirically and in many cases, modification of existing equipment is difficult. More flexible tools are needed to provide understanding of complex powder behavior, such as mixing process and segregation phenomenon. An approach based on the fast prototyping of new powder handling geometries and interfacing solutions for process analytical tools is reported. This study utilized 3D printing for rapid prototyping of customized geometries; overall goal was to assess mixing process of powder blends at small-scale with a combination of spectroscopic and mechanical monitoring. As part of the segregation evaluation studies, the flowability of three different paracetamol/filler-blends at different ratios was investigated, inter alia to define the percolation thresholds. Blends with a paracetamol wt% above the percolation threshold were subsequently investigated in relation to their segregation behavior. Rapid prototyping using 3D printing allowed designing two funnels with tailored flow behavior (funnel flow) of model formulations, which could be monitored with an in-line near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer. Calculating the root mean square (RMS) of the scores of the two first principal components of the NIR spectra visualized spectral variation as a function of process time. In a same setup, mechanical properties (basic flow energy) of the powder blend were monitored during blending. Rapid prototyping allowed for fast modification of powder testing geometries and easy interfacing with process analytical tools, opening new possibilities for more detailed powder characterization.
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166
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Tan D, Loots L, Friščić T. Towards medicinal mechanochemistry: evolution of milling from pharmaceutical solid form screening to the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:7760-81. [PMID: 27185190 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc02015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This overview highlights the emergent area of mechanochemical reactions for making active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and covers the latest advances in the recently established area of mechanochemical screening and synthesis of pharmaceutical solid forms, specifically polymorphs, cocrystals, salts and salt cocrystals. We also provide an overview of the most recent developments in pharmaceutical uses of mechanochemistry, including real-time reaction monitoring, techniques for polymorph control and approaches for continuous manufacture using twin screw extrusion, and more. Most importantly, we show how the overlap of previously unrelated areas of mechanochemical screening for API solid forms, organic synthesis by milling, and mechanochemical screening for molecular recognition, enables the emergence of a new research discipline in which different aspects of pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry are addressed through mechanochemistry rather than through conventional solution-based routes. The emergence of such medicinal mechanochemistry is likely to have a strong impact on future pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry, as it offers not only access to materials and reactivity that are sometimes difficult or even impossible to access from solution, but can also provide a general answer to the demands of the pharmaceutical industry for cleaner, safer and efficient synthetic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davin Tan
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
| | - Leigh Loots
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
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167
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QR encoded smart oral dosage forms by inkjet printing. Int J Pharm 2018; 536:138-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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168
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A novel ionically cross-linked sulfonated polyphenylsulfone (sPPSU) membrane for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN). J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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169
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Calhan SD, Eker ED, Sahin NO. Quality by design (QbD) and process analytical technology (PAT) applications in pharmaceutical industry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.8.4.430-433.1667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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170
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Zecevic DE, Evans RC, Paulsen K, Wagner KG. From benchtop to pilot scale-experimental study and computational assessment of a hot-melt extrusion scale-up of a solid dispersion of dipyridamole and copovidone. Int J Pharm 2017; 537:132-139. [PMID: 29253586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our work was to study and define a computationally-based adiabatic scale-up methodology for a hot-melt extrusion (HME) process to produce an amorphous solid dispersion (ASD). As a drug product becomes commercially viable, there is a need for scaling up the manufacturing process. In the case of HME used for the formation of ASDs, scale-up can be challenging due to the fundamental differences in how heat is generated in extruders of differing scale, i.e. conduction vs. viscous dissipation and the significant role heat generation plays in determining the final product attributes. Using a 30%w/w dipyridamole-in-copovidone formulation, 11 mm-, 16 mm- and 24 mm-diameter extruders with L/D 40, solid-state characterization tools, a geometric scaling equation, and Ludovic® twin-screw extrusion software, we compared the total imparted material energy, the conducted energy and the difference between barrel and melt temperature at die exit for various feed rates and screw speeds. Numerical simulation identified desirable adiabatic conditions at multiple extruder scales in agreement with the chosen scaling factor. With the use of computational tools, the energetics in an extrusion process can be evaluated and processing conditions can be selected to identify the most efficient scaling of a HME process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir E Zecevic
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany; Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rachel C Evans
- Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Karl G Wagner
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany; Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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171
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Bochmann ES, Steffens KE, Gryczke A, Wagner KG. Numerical simulation of hot-melt extrusion processes for amorphous solid dispersions using model-based melt viscosity. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 124:34-42. [PMID: 29221654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Simulation of HME processes is a valuable tool for increased process understanding and ease of scale-up. However, the experimental determination of all required input parameters is tedious, namely the melt rheology of the amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) in question. Hence, a procedure to simplify the application of hot-melt extrusion (HME) simulation for forming amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) is presented. The commercial 1D simulation software Ludovic® was used to conduct (i) simulations using a full experimental data set of all input variables including melt rheology and (ii) simulations using model-based melt viscosity data based on the ASDs glass transition and the physical properties of polymeric matrix only. Both types of HME computation were further compared to experimental HME results. Variation in physical properties (e.g. heat capacity, density) and several process characteristics of HME (residence time distribution, energy consumption) among the simulations and experiments were evaluated. The model-based melt viscosity was calculated by using the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the investigated blend and the melt viscosity of the polymeric matrix by means of a Tg-viscosity correlation. The results of measured melt viscosity and model-based melt viscosity were similar with only few exceptions, leading to similar HME simulation outcomes. At the end, the experimental effort prior to HME simulation could be minimized and the procedure enables a good starting point for rational development of ASDs by means of HME. As model excipients, Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer (COP) in combination with various APIs (carbamazepine, dipyridamole, indomethacin, and ibuprofen) or polyethylene glycol (PEG 1500) as plasticizer were used to form the ASDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther S Bochmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristina E Steffens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Gryczke
- Global Technical Marketing Solubilization, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Karl G Wagner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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172
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Bonhoeffer B, Kwade A, Juhnke M. Alternative Manufacturing Concepts for Solid Oral Dosage Forms From Drug Nanosuspensions Using Fluid Dispensing and Forced Drying Technology. J Pharm Sci 2017; 107:909-921. [PMID: 29154900 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Flexible manufacturing technologies for solid oral dosage forms with a continuous adjustability of the manufactured dose strength are of interest for applications in personalized medicine. This study explored the feasibility of using microvalve technology for the manufacturing of different solid oral dosage form concepts. Hard gelatin capsules filled with excipients, placebo tablets, and polymer films, placed in hard gelatin capsules after drying, were considered as substrates. For each concept, a basic understanding of relevant formulation parameters and their impact on dissolution behavior has been established. Suitable matrix formers, present either on the substrate or directly in the drug nanosuspension, proved to be essential to prevent nanoparticle agglomeration of the drug nanoparticles and to ensure a fast dissolution behavior. Furthermore, convection and radiation drying methods were investigated for the fast drying of drug nanosuspensions dispensed onto polymer films, which were then placed in hard gelatin capsules. Changes in morphology and in drug and matrix former distribution were observed for increasing drying intensity. However, even fast drying times below 1 min could be realized, while maintaining the nanoparticulate drug structure and a good dissolution behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Bonhoeffer
- Novartis Pharma AG, Technical R&D, P.O. Box, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arno Kwade
- Institute for Particle Technology, TU Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Juhnke
- Novartis Pharma AG, Technical R&D, P.O. Box, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.
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173
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Brunaugh A, Smyth HDC. Process optimization and particle engineering of micronized drug powders via milling. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2017; 8:1740-1750. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0444-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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174
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Tireli M, Maračić S, Lukin S, Kulcsár MJ, Žilić D, Cetina M, Halasz I, Raić-Malić S, Užarević K. Solvent-free copper-catalyzed click chemistry for the synthesis of N-heterocyclic hybrids based on quinoline and 1,2,3-triazole. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2352-2363. [PMID: 29181115 PMCID: PMC5687011 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed mechanochemical click reactions using Cu(II), Cu(I) and Cu(0) catalysts have been successfully implemented to provide novel 6-phenyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)quinolines with a phenyl-1,2,3-triazole moiety at O-4 of the quinoline core. Milling procedures proved to be significantly more efficient than the corresponding solution reactions, with up to a 15-fold gain in yield. Efficiency of both solution and milling procedures depended on the p-substituent in the azide reactant, resulting in H < Cl < Br < I reactivity bias. Solid-state catalysis using Cu(II) and Cu(I) catalysts entailed the direct involvement of the copper species in the reaction and generation of highly luminescent compounds which hindered in situ monitoring by Raman spectroscopy. However, in situ monitoring of the milling processes was enabled by using Cu(0) catalysts in the form of brass milling media which offered a direct insight into the reaction pathway of mechanochemical CuAAC reactions, indicating that the catalysis is most likely conducted on the surface of milling balls. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy was used to determine the oxidation and spin states of the respective copper catalysts in bulk products obtained by milling procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Tireli
- Laboratory for Green Synthesis, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Silvija Maračić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stipe Lukin
- Laboratory for Green Synthesis, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Juribašić Kulcsár
- Laboratory for Green Synthesis, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dijana Žilić
- Laboratory for Green Synthesis, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Cetina
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Textile Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, Prilaz baruna Filipovića 28a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Halasz
- Laboratory for Green Synthesis, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Silvana Raić-Malić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Krunoslav Užarević
- Laboratory for Green Synthesis, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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175
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Sahlgren C, Meinander A, Zhang H, Cheng F, Preis M, Xu C, Salminen TA, Toivola D, Abankwa D, Rosling A, Karaman DŞ, Salo-Ahen OMH, Österbacka R, Eriksson JE, Willför S, Petre I, Peltonen J, Leino R, Johnson M, Rosenholm J, Sandler N. Tailored Approaches in Drug Development and Diagnostics: From Molecular Design to Biological Model Systems. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28892296 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Approaches to increase the efficiency in developing drugs and diagnostics tools, including new drug delivery and diagnostic technologies, are needed for improved diagnosis and treatment of major diseases and health problems such as cancer, inflammatory diseases, chronic wounds, and antibiotic resistance. Development within several areas of research ranging from computational sciences, material sciences, bioengineering to biomedical sciences and bioimaging is needed to realize innovative drug development and diagnostic (DDD) approaches. Here, an overview of recent progresses within key areas that can provide customizable solutions to improve processes and the approaches taken within DDD is provided. Due to the broadness of the area, unfortunately all relevant aspects such as pharmacokinetics of bioactive molecules and delivery systems cannot be covered. Tailored approaches within (i) bioinformatics and computer-aided drug design, (ii) nanotechnology, (iii) novel materials and technologies for drug delivery and diagnostic systems, and (iv) disease models to predict safety and efficacy of medicines under development are focused on. Current developments and challenges ahead are discussed. The broad scope reflects the multidisciplinary nature of the field of DDD and aims to highlight the convergence of biological, pharmaceutical, and medical disciplines needed to meet the societal challenges of the 21st century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Sahlgren
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Cell Biology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology; Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku; FI-20520 Turku Finland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Technical University of Eindhoven; 5613 DR Eindhoven Netherlands
| | - Annika Meinander
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Cell Biology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Fang Cheng
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Cell Biology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Maren Preis
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Chunlin Xu
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Natural Materials Technology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - Tiina A. Salminen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Diana Toivola
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Cell Biology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling; University of Turku; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Daniel Abankwa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Technical University of Eindhoven; 5613 DR Eindhoven Netherlands
| | - Ari Rosling
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Polymer Technologies; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - Didem Şen Karaman
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Outi M. H. Salo-Ahen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Ronald Österbacka
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Physics; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - John E. Eriksson
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Cell Biology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology; Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Stefan Willför
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Natural Materials Technology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - Ion Petre
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Computer Science; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - Jouko Peltonen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Physical Chemistry; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - Reko Leino
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Organic Chemistry; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - Mark Johnson
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Jessica Rosenholm
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Niklas Sandler
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
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176
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Sahlgren C, Meinander A, Zhang H, Cheng F, Preis M, Xu C, Salminen TA, Toivola D, Abankwa D, Rosling A, Karaman DŞ, Salo-Ahen OMH, Österbacka R, Eriksson JE, Willför S, Petre I, Peltonen J, Leino R, Johnson M, Rosenholm J, Sandler N. Tailored Approaches in Drug Development and Diagnostics: From Molecular Design to Biological Model Systems. Adv Healthc Mater 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700258 10.1002/adhm.201700258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Sahlgren
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Cell Biology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology; Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku; FI-20520 Turku Finland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Technical University of Eindhoven; 5613 DR Eindhoven Netherlands
| | - Annika Meinander
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Cell Biology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Fang Cheng
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Cell Biology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Maren Preis
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Chunlin Xu
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Natural Materials Technology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - Tiina A. Salminen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Diana Toivola
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Cell Biology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling; University of Turku; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Daniel Abankwa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Technical University of Eindhoven; 5613 DR Eindhoven Netherlands
| | - Ari Rosling
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Polymer Technologies; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - Didem Şen Karaman
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Outi M. H. Salo-Ahen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Ronald Österbacka
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Physics; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - John E. Eriksson
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Cell Biology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology; Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Stefan Willför
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Natural Materials Technology; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - Ion Petre
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Computer Science; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - Jouko Peltonen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Physical Chemistry; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - Reko Leino
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Organic Chemistry; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20500 Turku Finland
| | - Mark Johnson
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Jessica Rosenholm
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
| | - Niklas Sandler
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory; Åbo Akademi University; FI-20520 Turku Finland
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177
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McClements DJ. Delivery by Design (DbD): A Standardized Approach to the Development of Efficacious Nanoparticle- and Microparticle-Based Delivery Systems. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 17:200-219. [PMID: 33350064 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The design and development of nanoparticle- and microparticle-based delivery systems for the encapsulation, protection, and controlled release of active agents has grown considerably in the agrochemical, cosmetic, food, personal care, and pharmaceutical industries. These colloidal delivery systems can be utilized to overcome problems such as poor solubility, low activity, and chemical instability of active agents, as well as to create novel functional attributes such as controlled or targeted delivery. The purpose of this article is to develop a systematic approach, referred to as "delivery-by-design" (DbD), to make the design and fabrication process more efficient and effective. Initially, a brief review of some of the challenges associated with incorporating active agents into commercial products is given, and then an overview of different kinds of simple and complex colloidal delivery systems is given. The DbD approach is then presented as a series of stages: (1) definition of the molecular and physicochemical properties of the active agent; (2) definition of the required physicochemical, sensory, and functional attributes of the end-product; (3) specification of the required attributes of the colloidal delivery system; (4) specification of particle properties and delivery system selection; (5) optimization of delivery system manufacturing process; (6) establishment and implementation of delivery system testing protocol; and (7) optimization of delivery system performance. Utilization of the DbD approach may lead to more rapid design of efficacious and economically viable colloidal delivery systems for commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Julian McClements
- Dept. of Food Science, Univ. of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Mass. 01003, U.S.A.,Lab. for Environmental Health NanoScience (LEHNS) and Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Univ., 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Mass. 02115, U.S.A
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178
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Wang T, Lu H, Wang J, Xiao Y, Zhou Y, Bao Y, Hao H. Recent progress of continuous crystallization. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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179
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Ebrahimi M, Siegmann E, Prieling D, Glasser BJ, Khinast JG. An investigation of the hydrodynamic similarity of single-spout fluidized beds using CFD-DEM simulations. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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180
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Bochmann ES, Üstüner EE, Gryczke A, Wagner KG. Predicting melt rheology for hot-melt extrusion by means of a simple T-measurement. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 119:47-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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181
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Desai PM, Hogan RC, Brancazio D, Puri V, Jensen KD, Chun JH, Myerson AS, Trout BL. Integrated hot-melt extrusion – injection molding continuous tablet manufacturing platform: Effects of critical process parameters and formulation attributes on product robustness and dimensional stability. Int J Pharm 2017; 531:332-342. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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182
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Malaquias LFB, Schulte HL, Chaker JA, Karan K, Durig T, Marreto RN, Gratieri T, Gelfuso GM, Cunha-Filho M. Hot Melt Extrudates Formulated Using Design Space: One Simple Process for Both Palatability and Dissolution Rate Improvement. J Pharm Sci 2017; 107:286-296. [PMID: 28847477 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed at obtaining an optimized itraconazole (ITZ) solid oral formulation in terms of palatability and dissolution rate by combining different polymers using hot melt extrusion (HME), according to a simplex centroid mixture design. For this, the polymers Plasdone® (poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) [PVP/VA]), Klucel® ELF (2-hydroxypropyl ether cellulose [HPC]), and Soluplus® (SOL, polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol) were processed using a laboratory HME equipment operating without recirculation at constant temperature. Samples were characterized by physicochemical assays, as well as dissolution rate and palatability using an e-tongue. All materials became homogeneous and dense after HME processing. Thermal and structural analyses demonstrated drug amorphization, whereas IR spectroscopy evidenced drug stability and drug-excipient interactions in HME systems. Extrudates presented a significant increase in dissolution rate compared to ITZ raw material, mainly with formulations containing PVP/VA and HPC. A pronounced improvement in taste masking was also identified for HME systems, especially in those containing higher amounts of SOL and HPC. Data showed polymers act synergistically favoring formulation functional properties. Predicted best formulation should contain ITZ 25.0%, SOL 33.2%, HPC 28.9%, and PVP/VA 12.9% (w/w). Optimized response considering dissolution rate and palatability reinforces the benefit of polymer combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena F B Malaquias
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Heidi L Schulte
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Juliano A Chaker
- Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília (UnB), 72220-900 Ceilândia, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Kapish Karan
- Ashland Pharma and Nutrition, 500 Hercules Road, Wilmington, Delaware 19808
| | - Thomas Durig
- Ashland Pharma and Nutrition, 500 Hercules Road, Wilmington, Delaware 19808
| | - Ricardo N Marreto
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, 74 605-170 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Tais Gratieri
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Gelfuso
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Marcilio Cunha-Filho
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.
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183
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Nagy B, Farkas A, Gyürkés M, Komaromy-Hiller S, Démuth B, Szabó B, Nusser D, Borbás E, Marosi G, Nagy ZK. In-line Raman spectroscopic monitoring and feedback control of a continuous twin-screw pharmaceutical powder blending and tableting process. Int J Pharm 2017; 530:21-29. [PMID: 28723408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The integration of Process Analytical Technology (PAT) initiative into the continuous production of pharmaceuticals is indispensable for reliable production. The present paper reports the implementation of in-line Raman spectroscopy in a continuous blending and tableting process of a three-component model pharmaceutical system, containing caffeine as model active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), glucose as model excipient and magnesium stearate as lubricant. The real-time analysis of API content, blend homogeneity, and tablet content uniformity was performed using a Partial Least Squares (PLS) quantitative method. The in-line Raman spectroscopic monitoring showed that the continuous blender was capable of producing blends with high homogeneity, and technological malfunctions can be detected by the proposed PAT method. The Raman spectroscopy-based feedback control of the API feeder was also established, creating a 'Process Analytically Controlled Technology' (PACT), which guarantees the required API content in the produced blend. This is, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first ever application of Raman-spectroscopy in continuous blending and the first Raman-based feedback control in the formulation technology of solid pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta Nagy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - Attila Farkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - Martin Gyürkés
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | | | - Balázs Démuth
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - Bence Szabó
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - Dávid Nusser
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - Enikő Borbás
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - György Marosi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - Zsombor Kristóf Nagy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary.
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184
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Martinetz MC, Rehrl J, Aigner I, Sacher S, Khinast J. A Continuous Operation Concept for a Rotary Tablet Press Using Mass Flow Operating Points. CHEM-ING-TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201700017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jakob Rehrl
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH; Inffeldgasse 13/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Isabella Aigner
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH; Inffeldgasse 13/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Stephan Sacher
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH; Inffeldgasse 13/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Johannes Khinast
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH; Inffeldgasse 13/II 8010 Graz Austria
- Graz University of Technology; Institute of Process and Particle Engineering; Inffeldgasse 13/III 8010 Graz Austria
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185
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Djuris J, Djuric Z. Modeling in the quality by design environment: Regulatory requirements and recommendations for design space and control strategy appointment. Int J Pharm 2017; 533:346-356. [PMID: 28579542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mathematical models can be used as an integral part of the quality by design (QbD) concept throughout the product lifecycle for variety of purposes, including appointment of the design space and control strategy, continual improvement and risk assessment. Examples of different mathematical modeling techniques (mechanistic, empirical and hybrid) in the pharmaceutical development and process monitoring or control are provided in the presented review. In the QbD context, mathematical models are predominantly used to support design space and/or control strategies. Considering their impact to the final product quality, models can be divided into the following categories: high, medium and low impact models. Although there are regulatory guidelines on the topic of modeling applications, review of QbD-based submission containing modeling elements revealed concerns regarding the scale-dependency of design spaces and verification of models predictions at commercial scale of manufacturing, especially regarding real-time release (RTR) models. Authors provide critical overview on the good modeling practices and introduce concepts of multiple-unit, adaptive and dynamic design space, multivariate specifications and methods for process uncertainty analysis. RTR specification with mathematical model and different approaches to multivariate statistical process control supporting process analytical technologies are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Djuris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Zorica Djuric
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
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186
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Innovative approach for identifying root causes of glass defects in sterile drug product manufacturing. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 104:162-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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187
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Analytical Tools to Improve Optimization Procedures for Lateral Flow Assays. Diagnostics (Basel) 2017; 7:diagnostics7020029. [PMID: 28555034 PMCID: PMC5489949 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics7020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunochromatographic or lateral flow assays (LFAs) are inexpensive, easy to use, point-of-care medical diagnostic tests that are found in arenas ranging from a doctor’s office in Manhattan to a rural medical clinic in low resource settings. The simplicity in the LFA itself belies the complex task of optimization required to make the test sensitive, rapid and easy to use. Currently, the manufacturers develop LFAs by empirical optimization of material components (e.g., analytical membranes, conjugate pads and sample pads), biological reagents (e.g., antibodies, blocking reagents and buffers) and the design of delivery geometry. In this paper, we will review conventional optimization and then focus on the latter and outline analytical tools, such as dynamic light scattering and optical biosensors, as well as methods, such as microfluidic flow design and mechanistic models. We are applying these tools to find non-obvious optima of lateral flow assays for improved sensitivity, specificity and manufacturing robustness.
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188
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Içten E, Purohit HS, Wallace C, Giridhar A, Taylor LS, Nagy ZK, Reklaitis GV. Dropwise additive manufacturing of pharmaceutical products for amorphous and self emulsifying drug delivery systems. Int J Pharm 2017; 524:424-432. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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189
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Boehling P, Toschkoff G, Dreu R, Just S, Kleinebudde P, Funke A, Rehbaum H, Khinast JG. Comparison of video analysis and simulations of a drum coating process. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 104:72-81. [PMID: 28365300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tablet coating is a common unit operation in the pharmaceutical industry. To improve currently established processes, it is important to understand the influence of the process parameters on the coating quality. One of the critical parameters is the tablet velocity. In this work, numerical results are compared to results obtained experimentally. Tablet movement in the drums was simulated using the Discrete Element Method (DEM). The simulation parameters were adapted to fit the simulation to the experimental data. A comparison of the experimental and simulation results showed that the simulation correctly represents the real tablet velocity. A change in the velocity over time and its dependence on the rotation rates and the baffle position in the simulation were similar to the experimental results. In summary, simulations can improve the understanding of tablet coating processes and will thus provide insights into the underlying process mechanics, which cannot be obtained via ordinary experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Boehling
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria.
| | - G Toschkoff
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - R Dreu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S Just
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - P Kleinebudde
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Funke
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Development, Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Rehbaum
- L.B. Bohle Maschinen + Verfahren GmbH, Ennigerloh, Germany
| | - J G Khinast
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
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190
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Hitzer P, Bäuerle T, Drieschner T, Ostertag E, Paulsen K, van Lishaut H, Lorenz G, Rebner K. Process analytical techniques for hot-melt extrusion and their application to amorphous solid dispersions. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:4321-4333. [PMID: 28343348 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0292-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Newly developed active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are often poorly soluble in water. As a result the bioavailability of the API in the human body is reduced. One approach to overcome this restriction is the formulation of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), e.g., by hot-melt extrusion (HME). Thus, the poorly soluble crystalline form of the API is transferred into a more soluble amorphous form. To reach this aim in HME, the APIs are embedded in a polymer matrix. The resulting amorphous solid dispersions may contain small amounts of residual crystallinity and have the tendency to recrystallize. For the controlled release of the API in the final drug product the amount of crystallinity has to be known. This review assesses the available analytical methods that have been recently used for the characterization of ASDs and the quantification of crystalline API content. Well-established techniques like near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy (NIR and MIR, respectively), Raman spectroscopy, and emerging ones like UV/VIS, terahertz, and ultrasonic spectroscopy are considered in detail. Furthermore, their advantages and limitations are discussed with regard to general practical applicability as process analytical technology (PAT) tools in industrial manufacturing. The review focuses on spectroscopic methods which have been proven as most suitable for in-line and on-line process analytics. Further aspects are spectroscopic techniques that have been or could be integrated into an extruder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Hitzer
- Process Analysis and Technology (PA&T), Faculty Applied Chemistry, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstr. 150, 72762, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Tim Bäuerle
- Process Analysis and Technology (PA&T), Faculty Applied Chemistry, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstr. 150, 72762, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Drieschner
- Process Analysis and Technology (PA&T), Faculty Applied Chemistry, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstr. 150, 72762, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Edwin Ostertag
- Process Analysis and Technology (PA&T), Faculty Applied Chemistry, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstr. 150, 72762, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Paulsen
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co.KG, Knollstr. 50, 67061, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Holger van Lishaut
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co.KG, Knollstr. 50, 67061, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Günter Lorenz
- Process Analysis and Technology (PA&T), Faculty Applied Chemistry, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstr. 150, 72762, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Karsten Rebner
- Process Analysis and Technology (PA&T), Faculty Applied Chemistry, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstr. 150, 72762, Reutlingen, Germany.
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191
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Scarpa M, Stegemann S, Hsiao WK, Pichler H, Gaisford S, Bresciani M, Paudel A, Orlu M. Orodispersible films: Towards drug delivery in special populations. Int J Pharm 2017; 523:327-335. [PMID: 28302515 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Orodispersible films (ODF) hold promise as a novel delivery method, with the potential to deliver tailored therapies to different patient populations. This article reviews the current strides of ODF technology and some of its unmet quality and manufacturing aspects. A topic highlights opportunities and limitations of inkjet printed ODF as a population-specific drug delivery. Overall, this article aims to stimulate further research to fill the current knowledge gap between manufacturing and administration requirements of ODF targeting specific patient subpopulations such as geriatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wen-Kai Hsiao
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Pichler
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Simon Gaisford
- School of Pharmacy, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Amrit Paudel
- Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria.
| | - Mine Orlu
- School of Pharmacy, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
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192
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Laske S, Paudel A, Scheibelhofer O, Sacher S, Hoermann T, Khinast J, Kelly A, Rantannen J, Korhonen O, Stauffer F, De Leersnyder F, De Beer T, Mantanus J, Chavez PF, Thoorens B, Ghiotti P, Schubert M, Tajarobi P, Haeffler G, Lakio S, Fransson M, Sparen A, Abrahmsen-Alami S, Folestad S, Funke A, Backx I, Kavsek B, Kjell F, Michaelis M, Page T, Palmer J, Schaepman A, Sekulic S, Hammond S, Braun B, Colegrove B. A Review of PAT Strategies in Secondary Solid Oral Dosage Manufacturing of Small Molecules. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:667-712. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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193
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Zarmpi P, Flanagan T, Meehan E, Mann J, Fotaki N. Biopharmaceutical aspects and implications of excipient variability in drug product performance. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 111:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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194
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Stocker E, Becker K, Hate S, Hohl R, Schiemenz W, Sacher S, Zimmer A, Salar-Behzadi S. Application of ICH Q9 Quality Risk Management Tools for Advanced Development of Hot Melt Coated Multiparticulate Systems. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:278-290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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195
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Lind J, Kälvemark Sporrong S, Kaae S, Rantanen J, Genina N. Social aspects in additive manufacturing of pharmaceutical products. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 14:927-936. [PMID: 27892721 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1266336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, such as drug printing, represent a new engineering approach that can implement the concept of personalized medicine via on-demand manufacturing of dosage forms with individually adjusted doses. Implementation of AM principles, such as pharmacoprinting, will challenge the entire drug distribution chain and affect the society at different levels. Areas covered: This work summarizes the concept of personalized medicine and gives an overview of possibilities for monitoring patients' health. The most recent activities in the field of printing technologies for fabrication of dosage forms and 'polypills' with flexible doses and tailored release profiles are reviewed. Different scenarios for the drug distribution chain with the required adjustments in drug logistics, quality systems and environmental safety are discussed, as well as whether AM will be used for production of on-demand medicine. The impact of such changes in the distribution chain on regulation, healthcare professionals and patients are highlighted. Expert opinion: Drug manufacturing by traditional methods is well-established, but it lacks the possibility for on-demand personalized drug production. With the recent approval of the first printed medicine, society should be prepared for the changes that will follow the introduction of printed pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Lind
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | | | - Susanne Kaae
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Jukka Rantanen
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Natalja Genina
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
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196
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Khorasani M, Edinger M, Raijada D, Bøtker J, Aho J, Rantanen J. Near-infrared chemical imaging (NIR-CI) of 3D printed pharmaceuticals. Int J Pharm 2016; 515:324-330. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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197
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Panzitta M, Ponti M, Bruno G, Cois G, D'Arpino A, Minghetti P, Mendicino FR, Perioli L, Ricci M. The strategic relevance of manufacturing technology: An overall quality concept to promote innovation preventing drug shortage. Int J Pharm 2016; 516:144-157. [PMID: 27838294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Manufacturing is the bridge between research and patient: without product, there is no clinical outcome. Shortage has a variety of causes, in this paper we analyse only causes related to manufacturing technology and we use shortage as a paradigm highliting the relevance of Pharmaceutical Technology. Product and process complexity and capacity issues are the main challenge for the Pharmaceutical Industry Supply chain. Manufacturing Technology should be acknowledged as a R&D step and as a very important matter during University degree in Pharmacy and related disciplines, promoting collaboration between Academia and Industry, measured during HTA step and rewarded in terms of price and reimbursement. The above elements are not yet properly recognised, and manufacturing technology is taken in to consideration only when a shortage is in place. In a previous work, Panzitta et al. proposed to perform a full technology assessment at the Health Technological Assessment stage, evaluating three main technical aspects of a medicine: manufacturing process, physicochemical properties, and formulation characteristics. In this paper, we develop the concept of manufacturing appraisal, providing a technical overview of upcoming challenges, a risk based approach and an economic picture of shortage costs. We develop also an overall quality concept, not limited to GMP factors but broaden to all elements leading to a robust supply and promoting technical innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Panzitta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; AFI, Study Group on Pharmaceutical Economy, Viale Ranzoni 1 20041 Milano, Italy
| | - Mauro Ponti
- AFI, Study Group on Pharmaceutical Economy, Viale Ranzoni 1 20041 Milano, Italy; Sanofi-Genzyme, Viale Luigi Bodio 37/b, 20158 Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bruno
- AFI-Associazione Farmaceutici dell'Industria, viale Ranzoni 1, 20041 Milano, Italy; Recipharm AB, Via Filippo Serpero, 2, Masate (MI), Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cois
- AFI, Study Group on Pharmaceutical Economy, Viale Ranzoni 1 20041 Milano, Italy; Chiesi Via San Leonardo, 96A, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandro D'Arpino
- AFI, Study Group on Pharmaceutical Economy, Viale Ranzoni 1 20041 Milano, Italy; Perugia Hospital, Pharmacy Department, 06132 Sant'Andrea delle Fratte, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paola Minghetti
- AFI-Associazione Farmaceutici dell'Industria, viale Ranzoni 1, 20041 Milano, Italy; School of Hospital Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7 - Milano, Italy
| | | | - Luana Perioli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ricci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; AFI, Study Group on Pharmaceutical Economy, Viale Ranzoni 1 20041 Milano, Italy; School of Hospital Pharmacy, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
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198
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Nagy B, Farkas A, Balogh A, Pataki H, Vajna B, Nagy ZK, Marosi G. Quantification and handling of nonlinearity in Raman micro-spectrometry of pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 128:236-246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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199
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Tucker G, DeSilva B, Dressman J, Ito M, Kumamoto T, Mager D, Mahler HC, Maitland-van der Zee AH, Pauletti GM, Sasaki H, Shah V, Tang D, Ward M. Current Challenges and Potential Opportunities for the Pharmaceutical Sciences to Make Global Impact: An FIP Perspective. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:2489-2497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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200
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Lyophilized protein powders: A review of analytical tools for root cause analysis of lot-to-lot variability. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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