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Paiva LBD, Goldbeck R, Santos WDD, Squina FM. Ferulic acid and derivatives: molecules with potential application in the pharmaceutical field. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502013000300002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferulic acid is a phenolic acid widely distributed in the plant kingdom. It presents a wide range of potential therapeutic effects useful in the treatments of cancer, diabetes, lung and cardiovascular diseases, as well as hepatic, neuro and photoprotective effects and antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Overall, the pharmaceutical potential of ferulic acid can be attributed to its ability to scavenge free radicals. However, recent studies have revealed that ferulic acid presents pharmacological properties beyond those related to its antioxidant activity, such as the ability to competitively inhibit HMG-CoA reductase and activate glucokinase, contributing to reduce hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia, respectively. The present review addresses ferulic acid dietary sources, the pharmacokinetic profile, antioxidant action mechanisms and therapeutic effects in the treatment and prevention of various diseases, in order to provide a basis for understanding its mechanisms of action as well as its pharmaceutical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Brenelli de Paiva
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory; Brazilian Centre of Research in Energy and Materials, Brazil
| | - Rosana Goldbeck
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory; Brazilian Centre of Research in Energy and Materials, Brazil
| | | | - Fabio Marcio Squina
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory; Brazilian Centre of Research in Energy and Materials, Brazil
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152
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Nicks F, Richel A, Dubrowski T, Wathelet B, Wathelet JP, Blecker C, Paquot M. Effect of new synthetic PEGylated ferulic acids in comparison with ferulic acid and commercial surfactants on the properties of wheat flour dough and bread. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:2415-2420. [PMID: 23371852 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferulic acid esterified with poly(ethylene glycol) with three different average molecular weights (200, 400 and 1000 g mol(-1)) was studied in bread-making. The effects of these antioxidants on the properties of wheat flour dough and bread were analysed and compared with those obtained with ferulic acid and two commercial surfactants, the diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono- and diglycerides and sodium stearoyl lactylate. Farinographic and alveographic methods as well as weight, volume and bread firmness measurements were used for this purpose. RESULTS Similar to ferulic acid, when the PEGylated derivatives were implemented in the dough (5000 ppm), it accelerated the breakdown of the dough and decreased its rheological properties. However, the important diminution of loaf volume, observed when dough supplemented with ferulic acid was baked, was avoided. That decrease in volume was related to the inhibition of the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae) by the unesterified ferulic acid. Moreover, two of the PEGylated ferulic acids even contributed to an increase of loaf volumes (5-6%) and demonstrated crumb softener properties. CONCLUSION The addition of ferulic acid to wheat flour dough caused the inhibition of the yeast, which resulted in decreased bread volume. That effect could be avoid by the esterification of ferulic acid with poly(ethylene glycol).
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Affiliation(s)
- François Nicks
- Unit of Biological and Industrial Chemistry, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium.
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153
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Chen W, Becker T, Qian F, Ring J. Beer and beer compounds: physiological effects on skin health. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 28:142-50. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein; Technische Universität München; Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK CARE); Munich Germany
| | - T. Becker
- Brewing and Beverage Technology; Department of Life Science Engineering; Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan; Technische Universitaet Muenchen; Freising Germany
| | - F. Qian
- Brewing and Beverage Technology; Department of Life Science Engineering; Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan; Technische Universitaet Muenchen; Freising Germany
| | - J. Ring
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein; Technische Universität München; Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK CARE); Munich Germany
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154
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Gao L, He Y, Tang J, Yin J, Huang Z, Liu F, Ouyang D, Chen X, Zhang W, Liu Z, Zhou H. Genetic Variants of Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) and CYP2B6 Affect the Induction of Bupropion Hydroxylation by Sodium Ferulate. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62489. [PMID: 23840296 PMCID: PMC3686783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study investigated the effects of pregnane X receptor (PXR/NR1I2) and CYP2B6 genetic variants on sodium ferulate (SF)-mediated induction of bupropion hydroxylation. The pharmacokinetics of bupropion and hydroxybupropion were evaluated after an oral dose of bupropion (150 mg) administered with and without SF pretreatment for 14 days in 33 healthy subjects. The area under the time-concentration curve (AUC) ratio of AUC_hyd (AUC(0-∞) of hydroxybupropion)/AUC_bup (AUC(0-∞) of bupropion) represents the CYP2B6 hydroxylation activity, which was significantly lower in CYP2B6*6 carriers (NR1I2 TGT noncarriers or carriers) than in noncarriers in both the basal and SF-induced states (p-value<0.05). AUC ratio and AUC_hyd of NR1I2 -24113AA variant were markedly lower than GA and GG genotypes (7.5±2.1 versus 14.5±3.3 and 20.6±1.1, and 8873±1431 versus 14,504±2218 and 17,586±1046) in the induced states. However, -24020(-)/(-) variant didn't show significant difference in the induction of CYP2B6 hydroxylation activity by SF compared with other -24020[GAGAAG]/(-) genotypes. NR1I2 TGT haplotype (-25385T+g.7635G+g.8055T) carriers exhibited a significantly decreased AUC ratio, compared with TGT noncarriers, in the basal states (7.6±1.0 versus 9.7±1.0), while this result wasn't observed in CYP2B6*6 noncarriers. Moreover, individuals with complete mutation-type [CYP2B6*6/*6+NR1I2 TGT+ -24113AA+ -24020 (-)/(-)] showed even lower percent difference of AUC ratio (8.7±1.2 versus 39.5±8.2) than those with complete wild-type. In conclusion, it is suggested that NR1I2 variants decrease the bupropion hydroxylation induced by SF treatment, particularly in CYP2B6*6 carriers. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR.org ChiCTR-TRC-11001285.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichen Gao
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yijing He
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute for Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jie Tang
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiye Yin
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengyu Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fangqun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dongsheng Ouyang
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoqian Liu
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail:
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155
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Zhang X, Li F, Lv H, Wu Y, Bian G, Jiang K. On the origin of the methyl radical loss from deprotonated ferulic and isoferulic acids: electronic excitation of a transient structure. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:941-948. [PMID: 23580242 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0604-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Formation of radical fragments from even-electron ions is an exception to the "even-electron rule". In this work, ferulic acid (FA) and isoferulic acid (IFA) were used as the model compounds to probe the fragmentation mechanisms and the isomeric effects on homolytic cleavage. Elimination of methyl radical and CO2 are the two competing reactions observed in the CID-MS of [FA - H](-) and [IFA - H](-), of which losing methyl radical violates the "even-electron rule". The relative intensity of their product ions is significantly different, and thereby the two isomeric compounds can be differentiated by tandem MS. Theoretical calculations indicate that both the singlet-triplet gap and the excitation energy decrease in the transient structures, as the breaking C-O bond is lengthened. The methyl radical elimination has been rationalized as the intramolecular electronic excitation of a transient structure with an elongating C-O bond. The potential energy diagrams, completed by the addition of the energy barrier of the radical elimination, have provided a reasonable explanation of the different CID-MS behaviors of [FA - H](-) and [IFA - H](-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, China
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156
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Roy S, Metya SK, Rahaman N, Sannigrahi S, Ahmed F. Ferulic acid in the treatment of post-diabetes testicular damage: relevance to the down regulation of apoptosis correlates with antioxidant status via modulation of TGF-β1, IL-1βand Akt signalling. Cell Biochem Funct 2013; 32:115-24. [PMID: 23661600 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.2983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Roy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; NSHM Knowledge Campus; Kolkata West Bengal India
| | - Satyajit Kumar Metya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; NSHM Knowledge Campus; Kolkata West Bengal India
| | - Noorjaman Rahaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; NSHM Knowledge Campus; Kolkata West Bengal India
| | - Santanu Sannigrahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; NSHM Knowledge Campus; Kolkata West Bengal India
| | - Faiqa Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; NSHM Knowledge Campus; Kolkata West Bengal India
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157
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Trombino S, Cassano R, Ferrarelli T, Barone E, Picci N, Mancuso C. Trans-ferulic acid-based solid lipid nanoparticles and their antioxidant effect in rat brain microsomes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 109:273-9. [PMID: 23668982 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, stearic acid- and stearyl ferulate-based solid lipid nanoparticles containing trans-ferulic acid (SLN-FA and SLN-SF-FA, respectively), were prepared and characterized for loading efficiency, size and shape. In addition, by using rat brain microsomes, we evaluated in vitro the antioxidant activity of these formulations against three well known initiators of lipid peroxidation, such as AAPH, NADPH/ADP-Fe(3+) and SIN-1 which in turn generate the peroxyl and perferryl radicals as well as peroxynitrite, respectively. Commercially available FA and its ethyl ester (FAEE) were used as comparators. Both SLN-FA and SLN-SF-FA dose-dependently reduced lipid peroxidation induced by the three oxidants. Interestingly, SLN-SF-FA displayed greater efficacy (EC50) and potency (maximal activity) against AAPH- and NADPH/ADP-Fe(3+)-induced lipid peroxidation. Our results support the idea that this new formulations could facilitate the uptake of FA by the cells because of their lipophilic structure, thus increasing FA bioavailability. Furthermore, stearyl ferulate-based nanoparticles could prevent the degradation of FA entrapped on their structure, making FA almost entirely available to explicate its antioxidant power once released.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Trombino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
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158
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Wong DWS, Chan VJ, Liao H, Zidwick MJ. Cloning of a novel feruloyl esterase gene from rumen microbial metagenome and enzyme characterization in synergism with endoxylanases. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 40:287-95. [PMID: 23408035 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1234-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A feruloyl esterase (FAE) gene was isolated from a rumen microbial metagenome, cloned into E. coli, and expressed in active form. The enzyme (RuFae2) was identified as a type C feruloyl esterase. The RuFae2 alone released ferulic acid from rice bran, wheat bran, wheat-insoluble arabinoxylan, corn fiber, switchgrass, and corn bran in the order of decreasing activity. Using a saturating amount of RuFae2 for 100 mg substrate, a maximum of 18.7 and 80.0 μg FA was released from 100 mg corn fiber and wheat-insoluble arabinoxylan, respectively. Addition of GH10 endoxylanase (EX) synergistically increased the release of FA with the highest level of 6.7-fold for wheat bran. The synergistic effect of adding GH11 EX was significantly smaller with all the substrates tested. The difference in the effect of the two EXs was further analyzed by comparing the rate in the release of FA with increasing EX concentration using wheat-insoluble arabinoxylan as the substrate.
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159
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Lappi J, Kolehmainen M, Mykkänen H, Poutanen K. Do Large Intestinal Events Explain the Protective Effects of Whole Grain Foods Against Type 2 Diabetes? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2013; 53:631-40. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2010.550388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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160
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Wright LE, Frye JB, Gorti B, Timmermann BN, Funk JL. Bioactivity of turmeric-derived curcuminoids and related metabolites in breast cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2013; 19:6218-25. [PMID: 23448448 PMCID: PMC3883055 DOI: 10.2174/1381612811319340013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
While the chemotherapeutic effect of curcumin, one of three major curcuminoids derived from turmeric, has been reported, largely unexplored are the effects of complex turmeric extracts more analogous to traditional medicinal preparations, as well as the relative importance of the three curcuminoids and their metabolites as anti-cancer agents. These studies document the pharmacodynamic effects of chemically-complex turmeric extracts relative to curcuminoids on human breast cancer cell growth and tumor cell secretion of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), an important driver of cancer bone metastasis. Finally, relative effects of structurallyrelated metabolites of curcuminoids were assessed on the same endpoints. We report that 3 curcuminoid-containing turmeric extracts differing with respect to the inclusion of additional naturally occurring chemicals (essential oils and/or polar compounds) were equipotent in inhibiting human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell growth (IC50=10-16µg/mL) and secretion of osteolytic PTHrP (IC50=2-3µg/mL) when concentrations were normalized to curcuminoid content. Moreover, these effects were curcuminoid-specific, as botanically-related gingerol containing extracts had no effect. While curcumin and bis-demethoxycurcumin were equipotent to each other and to the naturally occurring curcuminoid mixture (IC50=58µM), demethoxycurcumin did not have any effect on cell growth. However, each of the individual curcuminoids inhibited PTHrP secretion (IC50=22-31µM) to the same degree as the curcuminoid mixture (IC50=16µM). Degradative curcuminoid metabolites (vanillin and ferulic acid) did not inhibit cell growth or PTHrP, while reduced metabolites (tetrahydrocurcuminoids) had inhibitory effects on cell growth and PTHrP secretion but only at concentrations ≥10-fold higher than the curcuminoids. These studies emphasize the structural and biological importance of curcuminoids in the anti-breast cancer effects of turmeric and contradict recent assertions that certain of the curcuminoid metabolites studied here mediate these anti-cancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Wright
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Jen B. Frye
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Bhavana Gorti
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Barbara N. Timmermann
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS
| | - Janet L. Funk
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
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161
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Wang SP, Liu L, Wang LL, Jiang P, Xiang L, Zhang WD, Liu RH. Simultaneous determination of six hydrophilic components in rat plasma after oral administration of Jitai tablet by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry: Application to a pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 912:75-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 10/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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162
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Shang E, Zhu Z, Liu L, Tang Y, Duan JA. UPLC-QTOF-MS with chemical profiling approach for rapidly evaluating chemical consistency between traditional and dispensing granule decoctions of Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction. Chem Cent J 2012; 6:143. [PMID: 23176049 PMCID: PMC3537748 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-6-143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the present study, chemical consistency between traditional and dispensing granule decoctions of Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction was rapidly evaluated by UPLC-QTOF-MS coupled with the MarkerLynx software. Two different kinds of decoctions, namely traditional decoction: water extract of mixed six constituent herbs of Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction, and dispensing granules decoction: mixed water extract of each individual herbs of Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction, were prepared. Results Chemical difference was found between traditional and dispensing granule decoctions, and albiflorin, paeoniflorin, gallic acid, amygdalin, and hydroxysafflor yellow A were identified as the significantly changed components during decocting Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction. All the peaks of mass spectrum from Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction and each herb were extracted and integration by using QuanLynx™. And the optimized data was used for linear regression analysis. The contribution of each herb in Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction, and the optimal compatibility proportion of dispensing granule decoction were derived from the linear regression equation. Conclusions The optimal dosage proportionality of Tao-Hong-Si-Wu dispensing granule decoction was obtained as 2.5:0.2:1:0.5:0.6:0.1 (DG : CX : BS : SD : TR : HH), which guided better clinic application of Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction as dispensing granule decoctions usage, and it also provided some experimental data to reveal the compatibility rule of the relative TCM formulae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erxin Shang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, China.
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163
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Qin J, Shang L, Ping AS, Li J, Li XJ, Yu H, Magdalou J, Chen LB, Wang H. TNF/TNFR signal transduction pathway-mediated anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammatory effects of sodium ferulate on IL-1β-induced rat osteoarthritis chondrocytes in vitro. Arthritis Res Ther 2012; 14:R242. [PMID: 23134577 PMCID: PMC3674623 DOI: 10.1186/ar4085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sodium ferulate (SF) is a natural component of traditional Chinese herbs. Our previous study shows that SF has a protective effect on osteoarthritis (OA). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of SF on the TNF/TNF receptor (TNFR) signal transduction pathway of rat OA chondrocytes. Methods Primary rat articular chondrocytes were co-treated with IL-1β and SF. Chondrocyte apoptosis was assessed by fluorescein isothiocyanate-annexin V/propidium iodide assay. The PCR array was used to screen the expression of 84 key genes involved in apoptosis. The release of TNFα and prostaglandin E2 were analyzed by ELISA. Expressions of proteins were assessed by western blotting. The activity of NF-κB was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR. The nitric oxide content was measured with the Griess method. Results After treatment with SF, the apoptosis rate of chondrocytes significantly attenuated (P < 0.01). Results of the apoptosis PCR array suggested that mRNA expression of some core proteins in the TNF/TNFR pathway showed valuable regulation. The protein expressions of TNFα, TNFR-1, TNF receptor-associated death domain, caspase-8 and caspase-3 were prevented by SF in a concentration-dependent manner. SF also inhibited activities of caspase-8 and caspase-3 compared with the OA model control (P < 0.01). TNF receptor-associated factor-2 expression, phosphorylations of inhibitor of NF-κB kinase (IKK) subunits alpha and beta, and NF-κB inhibitor, alpha (IκBα) were all concentration-dependently suppressed by SF treatment. The results of EMSA showed that SF inhibited the activity of NF-κB. In addition, the expressions of cycloxygenase-2 and iNOS and the contents of prostaglandin E2 and NO were attenuated with the treatment of SF (P < 0.01). Conclusion SF has anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammatory effects on an OA model induced by IL-1β in vitro, which were due to inhibitory actions on the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway and the IKK/NF-κB signal transduction pathway of the TNF/TNFR pathway.
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Palafox-Carlos H, Yahia E, González-Aguilar G. Identification and quantification of major phenolic compounds from mango (Mangifera indica, cv. Ataulfo) fruit by HPLC–DAD–MS/MS-ESI and their individual contribution to the antioxidant activity during ripening. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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165
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Ojha H, Mishra K, Hassan MI, Chaudhury NK. Spectroscopic and isothermal titration calorimetry studies of binding interaction of ferulic acid with bovine serum albumin. THERMOCHIMICA ACTA 2012; 548:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2012.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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166
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Ma ZC, Hong Q, Wang YG, Liang QD, Tan HL, Xiao CR, Tang XL, Shao S, Zhou SS, Gao Y. Ferulic acid induces heme oxygenase-1 via activation of ERK and Nrf2. Drug Discov Ther 2012; 5:299-305. [PMID: 22466441 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2011.v5.6.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of ferulic acid (FA) on the up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in lymphocytes and the molecular mechanisms involved. Lymphocytes were treated with FA (0.001-0.1 μM) for certain times. Cell viability, the activity and level of expression of HO-1, and signal pathways were analyzed. FA significantly upregulated HO-1 expression both at the level of mRNA and protein in lymphocytes. Moreover, FA induced NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2) nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity, which is upstream of FA induced HO-1 expression. In addition, lymphocytes treated with FA exhibited activation of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) and treatments with U0126 (an ERK kinase inhibitor) attenuated the FA induced activation of Nrf2, resulting in a decrease in HO-1 expression. Zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP, a HO-1 inhibitor) markedly suppressed cytoprotection from radiation-induced cell damage by FA. Results suggested that the ERK signaling pathway controlled the anti-oxidation of FA by regulating the expression of the antioxidant enzyme HO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z C Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
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Li W, Tang Y, Chen Y, Duan JA. Advances in the chemical analysis and biological activities of chuanxiong. Molecules 2012; 17:10614-51. [PMID: 22955453 PMCID: PMC6268834 DOI: 10.3390/molecules170910614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 08/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuan-Xiong, CX), the dried rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Umbelliferae), is one of the most popular plant medicines in the World. Modern research indicates that organic acids, phthalides, alkaloids, polysaccharides, ceramides and cerebrosides are main components responsible for the bioactivities and properties of CX. Because of its complex constituents, multidisciplinary techniques are needed to validate the analytical methods that support CX's use worldwide. In the past two decades, rapid development of technology has advanced many aspects of CX research. The aim of this review is to illustrate the recent advances in the chemical analysis and biological activities of CX, and to highlight new applications and challenges. Emphasis is placed on recent trends and emerging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuping Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, China
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Ferulic acid, a phenolic phytochemical, inhibits UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinases in mouse skin via posttranslational mechanisms. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 23:443-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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170
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Nicks F, Richel A, Richard G, Laurent P, Wathelet B, Wathelet JP, Paquot M. Green synthesis and antioxidant activity of new PEGylated ferulic acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.02.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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171
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Rattan SIS. Rationale and methods of discovering hormetins as drugs for healthy ageing. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2012; 7:439-48. [PMID: 22509769 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2012.677430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mild stress-induced hormesis is becoming increasingly attractive as an ageing interventional strategy and is leading to the discovery of hormesis-inducing compounds called hormetins. Almost 50 years of modern biogerontolgical research has established a clear framework regarding the biological basis of ageing and longevity, and it is now generally accepted that ageing occurs in spite of the presence of complex pathways of maintenance, repair and defense, and there is no 'enemy within.' This viewpoint makes modulation of ageing different from the treatment of one or more age-related diseases. A promising strategy to slow down ageing and prevent or delay the onset of age-related diseases is that of mild stress-induced hormesis by using hormetins. AREAS COVERED The article presents the rationale and a strategy for discovering novel hormetins as potential drugs for ageing intervention by elucidating multiple stress responses of normal human cells. Furthermore, it discusses the first steps in identifying prospective hormetin drugs and provides a recent example of successful product development, based on the ideas of hormesis and by following the strategy described here. EXPERT OPINION As a biomedical issue, the biological process of ageing underlies several major diseases, and although the optimal treatment of every disease, irrespective of age, is a social and moral necessity, preventing the onset of age-related diseases by intervening in the basic process of ageing is the best approach for achieving healthy ageing and for extending the healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh I S Rattan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Laboratory of Cellular Ageing, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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172
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Kikugawa M, Tsuchiyama M, Kai K, Sakamoto T. Synthesis of highly water-soluble feruloyl diglycerols by esterification of an Aspergillus niger feruloyl esterase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 95:615-22. [PMID: 22526804 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) is a component of plant cell walls that has applications in food, cosmetic, and health products, but its applications are limited by its high insolubility. We synthesized water-soluble FA derivatives by esterification of FA with diglycerol (DG) using feruloyl esterase purified from a commercial enzyme preparation produced by Aspergillus niger. The major reaction product, FA-DG1, was determined to be γ-feruloyl-α,α'-DG by NMR and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analyses. FA-DG1 is a sticky liquid whose water solubility (>980 mg/ml) is dramatically higher than that of FA (0.69 mg/ml). Suitable conditions for esterification of FA with DG were 100 mg of FA in the presence of 1 g of DG and 0.1 ml of 1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) at 50 °C under reduced pressure. Under these conditions, 168 mg of feruloyl DGs (FA-DG1, 2, and 3) was obtained, corresponding to a 95 % conversion rate of FA. We also developed a batch method which resulted in synthesis of 729 mg of feruloyl DGs and 168 mg of diferuloyl DGs from 600 mg of FA and 1 g of DG (corresponding to conversion of 69 % of the FA to feruloyl DGs and 21 % of the FA to diferuloyl DGs). As an anti-oxidant, feruloyl DGs were essentially equal to FA and butyl hydroxytoluene in scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals. In contrast, the scavenging abilities of diferuloyl DGs were twice those of feruloyl DGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kikugawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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173
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Choi YJ, Kim DH, Lee EK, Kim JM, Ha YM, Kim ND, Jung JH, Choi JS, Yu BP, Chung HY. Attenuation of age-related changes in FOXO3a activity and the PI3K/Akt pathway by short-term feeding of ferulate. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 34:317-327. [PMID: 21468671 PMCID: PMC3312622 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ferulate (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid) is a well-known phenolic compound that scavenges free radicals and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a), a transcription factor that plays important roles in aging processes, decreases with age and is negatively regulated through phosphorylation by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling. The present study investigated the efficacy of short-term ferulate feeding on age-related changes in PI3K/Akt/FOXO3a and upstream insulin signaling pathways in aged rats. In addition, changes in manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase expression were examined because of their dependence on PI3K/Akt/FOXO3a activity. Short-term feeding experiments were done with a diet containing ferulate that was given to aged rats at doses of 3 or 6 mg kg(-1) day(-1) for 10 days. Results showed that FOXO3a activity was increased in the ferulate-fed old group compared with the control old group. Also, ferulate suppressed the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway that is responsible for FOXO3a inhibition in aged rats. Plasma insulin levels and the upstream insulin signaling pathway were also modulated by ferulate correspondingly with PI3K/Akt/FOXO3a activity. The age-related decrease in two major antioxidant enzymes, MnSOD and catalase, was blunted by ferulate, which was accompanied by FOXO3a transcriptional activity. The significance of the present study is the finding that short-term feeding of ferulate effectively modulates age-related renal FOXO3a, PI3K/Akt and insulin signaling pathways, and MnSOD and catalase expression, all of which may be beneficial for attenuating the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Ja Choi
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, San 30, JangJeon-dong, GeumJeong-gu, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, San 30, JangJeon-dong, GeumJeong-gu, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
| | - Eun Kyeong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, San 30, JangJeon-dong, GeumJeong-gu, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, 619-953 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, San 30, JangJeon-dong, GeumJeong-gu, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
| | - Young Mi Ha
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, San 30, JangJeon-dong, GeumJeong-gu, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
| | - Nam Deuk Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, San 30, JangJeon-dong, GeumJeong-gu, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
| | - Jee H. Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, San 30, JangJeon-dong, GeumJeong-gu, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Nam-gu, Busan, 608-737 South Korea
| | - Byung Pal Yu
- Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900 USA
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, San 30, JangJeon-dong, GeumJeong-gu, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735 South Korea
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174
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A Study of the Wound Healing Mechanism of a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Angelica sinensis, Using a Proteomic Approach. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:467531. [PMID: 22536285 PMCID: PMC3319019 DOI: 10.1155/2012/467531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Angelica sinensis (AS) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been formulated clinically to treat various form of skin trauma and to help wound healing. However, the mechanism by which it works remains a mystery. In this study we have established a new platform to evaluate the pharmacological effects of total AS herbal extracts as well as its major active component, ferulic acid (FA), using proteomic and biochemical analysis. Cytotoxic and proliferation-promoting concentrations of AS ethanol extracts (AS extract) and FA were tested, and then the cell extracts were subject to 2D PAGE analysis. We found 51 differentially expressed protein spots, and these were identified by mass spectrometry. Furthermore, biomolecular assays, involving collagen secretion, migration, and ROS measurements, gave results that are consistent with the proteomic analysis. In this work, we have demonstrated a whole range of pharmacological effects associated with Angelica sinensis that might be beneficial when developing a wound healing pharmaceutical formulation for the herbal medicine.
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175
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Li W, Guo J, Tang Y, Wang H, Huang M, Qian D, Duan JA. Pharmacokinetic comparison of ferulic acid in normal and blood deficiency rats after oral administration of Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong and their combination. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:3583-97. [PMID: 22489169 PMCID: PMC3317729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13033583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix Angelica Sinensis (RAS) and Rhizome Ligusticum (RLC) combination is a popular herb pair commonly used in clinics for treatment of blood deficiency syndrome in China. The aim of this study is to compare the pharmacokinetic properties of ferulic acid (FA), a main bioactive constituent in both RAS and RLC, between normal and blood deficiency syndrome animals, and to investigate the influence of compatibility of RAS and RLC on the pharmacokinetic of FA. The blood deficiency rats were induced by injecting 2% Acetyl phenylhydrazine (APH) on the first day, every other day, to a total of five times, at the dosage of 100, 50, 50, 30, 30 mg/kg body mass, respectively. Quantification of FA in rat plasma was achieved by using a simple and rapid HPLC method. Plasma samples were collected at different time points to construct pharmacokinetic profiles by plotting drug concentration versus time, and estimate pharmacokinetic parameters. Between normal and blood deficiency model groups, both AUC((0-) (t) ()) and C(max) of FA in blood deficiency rats after RAS-RLC extract administration increased significantly (P < 0.05), while clearance (CL) decreased significantly. Among three blood deficiency model groups, t(1/2α), V(d), AUC((0-) (t) ()) and AUC((0-∞)) all increased significantly in the RAS-RLC extract group compared with the RAS group. The results indicated that FA was absorbed better and eliminated slower in blood deficiency rats; RLC could significantly prolong the half-life of distribution, increase the volume of distribution and the absorption amount of FA of RAS in blood deficiency rats, which may be due to the synergic action when RAS and RLC were used together to treat blood deficiency syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixia Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
| | - Jianming Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
| | - Yuping Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
| | - Huan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
| | - Meiyan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
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176
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Demirovic D, Rattan SIS. Establishing cellular stress response profiles as biomarkers of homeodynamics, health and hormesis. Exp Gerontol 2012; 48:94-8. [PMID: 22525591 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the progressive shrinkage of the homeodynamic space. A crucial component of the homeodynamic space is the stress response (SR), by virtue of which a living system senses disturbance and initiates a series of events for maintenance, repair, adaptation, remodeling and survival. Here we discuss the main intracellular SR pathways in human cells, and argue for the need to define and establish the immediate and delayed stress response profiles (SRP) during aging. Such SRP are required to be established at several age-points, which can be the molecular biomarkers of homeodynamic space and the health status of cells and organisms. SRP can also be useful for testing potential protectors and stimulators of homeodynamics, and can be a standard for monitoring the efficacy of potential pro-survival, health-promoting and aging-modulating conditions, food components and other compounds. An effective strategy, which makes use of SRP for achieving healthy aging and extending the healthspan, is that of strengthening the homeodynamics through repeated mild stress-induced hormesis by physical, biological and nutritional hormetins. Furthermore, SRP can also be the basis for defining health as a state of having adequate physical and mental independence of activities of daily living, by identifying a set of measurable parameters at the most fundamental level of biological organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Demirovic
- Laboratory of Cellular Ageing, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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177
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Xiao Z, Bergeron H, Lau PCK. Alternaria alternata as a new fungal enzyme system for the release of phenolic acids from wheat and triticale brans. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2012; 101:837-44. [PMID: 22287032 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-012-9700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the release of antioxidant ferulic acid from wheat and triticale brans by mixtures of extracellular enzymes produced in culture by a strain FC007 of Alternaria alternata, a dark mold originally isolated from Canadian wood log. The genus of the mold was confirmed as Alternaria by 18S ribosomal DNA characterization. Enzyme activities for feruloyl esterase (FAE) and polysaccharide hydrolyzing enzymes were measured, and conditions for release of ferulic acid and reducing sugars from the mentioned brans were evaluated. The highest level of FAE activity (89 ± 7 mU ml(-1) fermentation culture) was obtained on the fifth day of fermentation on wheat bran as growth substrate. Depending on biomass and processing condition, up to 91.2 or 72.3% of the ferulic acid was released from wheat bran and triticale bran, respectively, indicating the proficiency of A. alternata extracellular enzymes in plant cell wall deconstruction. The apparent high extraction of ferulic acid from wheat and triticale brans represents a potential advantage of using a whole fungal cell enzyme complement over yields reported previously through an artificial assembly of cloned FAE with a particular xylanase in a cocktail format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhuang Xiao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Hélène Bergeron
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Peter C K Lau
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada.
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178
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Rattan SIS, Kryzch V, Schnebert S, Perrier E, Nizard C. Hormesis-based anti-aging products: a case study of a novel cosmetic. Dose Response 2012; 11:99-108. [PMID: 23548988 DOI: 10.2203/dose-response.11-054.rattan] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of hormesis in aging research and interventions is becoming increasingly attractive and successful. The reason for this is the realization that mild stress-induced activation of one or more stress response (SR) pathways, and its consequent stimulation of repair mechanisms, is effective in reducing the age-related accumulation of molecular damage. For example, repeated heat stress-induced synthesis of heat shock proteins has been shown to have a variety of anti-aging effects on growth and other cellular and biochemical characteristics of normal human skin fibroblasts, keratinocytes and endothelial cells undergoing aging in vitro. Therefore, searching for potential hormetins - conditions and compounds eliciting SR-mediated hormesis - is drawing attention of not only the researchers but also the industry involved in developing healthcare products, including nutriceuticals, functional foods and cosmeceuticals. Here we present the example of a skin care cosmetic as one of the first successful product developments incorporating the ideas of hormesis. This was based on the studies to analyse the molecular effects of active ingredients extracted from the roots of the Chinese herb Sanchi (Panax notoginseng) on gene expression at the level of mRNAs and proteins in human skin cells. The results showed that the ginsenosides extracted from Sanchi induced the transcription of stress genes and increased the synthesis of stress proteins, especially the heat shock protein HSP1A1 or Hsp70, in normal human keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, this extract also has significant positive effects against facial wrinkles and other symptoms of facial skin aging as tested clinically, which may be due to its hormetic mode of action by stress-induced synthesis of chaperones involved in protein repair and removal of abnormal proteins. Acceptance of such a hormesis-based product by the wider public could be instrumental in the social recognition of the concept of hormesis as the beneficial effects of mild stress of choice, and will encourage the development of novel health care products with physical, nutritional and mental hormetins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh I S Rattan
- Laboratory of Cellular Ageing, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark
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179
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Xu X, Xiao H, Zhao J, Zhao T. Cardioprotective effect of sodium ferulate in diabetic rats. Int J Med Sci 2012; 9:291-300. [PMID: 22701336 PMCID: PMC3372935 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.4298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in the occurrence and development in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). Ferulic acid is one of the ubiquitous compounds in diet. Sodium ferulate (SF) is its sodium salt. SF has potent free radical scavenging activity and can effectively scavenge ROS. The study investigated the effect of SF on cardioprotection in diabetic rats. The diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were treated with SF (110mg/kg) by gavage per day for 12 weeks. Results showed that the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in plasma and myocardium in SF-treated group were significantly higher than those in diabetic control group. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma and myocardium in SF-treated group were significantly lower than those in diabetic control group. Expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in myocardium in SF-treated group was apparently lower than that in diabetic control group. Compared with normal control group, electron micrographs of myocardium in diabetic control group showed apparently abnormality, while that was significantly ameliorated in SF-treated group. The study demonstrated that SF has a cardioprotective effect via increasing SOD activity and NO levels in plasma and myocardium, inhibiting oxidative stress in plasma and myocardium, and inhibiting the expression of CTGF in myocardium in diabetes rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China
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180
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Zhang H, Mak S, Cui W, Li W, Han R, Hu S, Ye M, Pi R, Han Y. Tacrine(2)–ferulic acid, a novel multifunctional dimer, attenuates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells by activating Akt pathway. Neurochem Int 2011; 59:981-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Revised: 08/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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181
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NABI GUL, LIU ZAIQUN. FERULIC AND COUMARIC ACIDS: APPLICATION TO RELEASE OXIDATIVE STRESS OF DNA AND METHYL LINOLEATE. J Food Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2010.00501.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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182
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Mancuso C, Siciliano R, Barone E, Preziosi P. Natural substances and Alzheimer's disease: from preclinical studies to evidence based medicine. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2011; 1822:616-24. [PMID: 21939756 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 10 years, the potential therapeutic effects of nutraceuticals to prevent or delay Alzheimer's disease were proposed. Among dietary antioxidants curcumin, Ginkgo biloba and carnitines were extensively studied for their neuroprotective effects. The rationale for this alternative therapeutic approach was based on several preclinical studies which suggested the neuroprotective effects for curcumin, Ginkgo biloba and acetyl-l-carnitine due to either a free radical scavenging activity or the inhibition of pro-inflammatory pathways or the potentiation of the cell stress response. However, although these are interesting premises, clinical studies were not able to demonstrate significant beneficial effects of curcumin, Ginkgo biloba and acetyl-l-carnitine in improving cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease patients. The aim of this review is to summarize the main pharmacologic features of curcumin, Ginkgo biloba and carnitines as well as to underlie the main outcomes reached by clinical studies designed to demonstrate the efficacy of these natural substances in Alzheimer's disease patients. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Antioxidants and Antioxidant Treatment in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Mancuso
- Institute of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Largo Francesco Vito, 1-00168 Rome, Italy.
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183
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Li Y, Liu C, Zhang Y, Mi S, Wang N. Pharmacokinetics of ferulic acid and potential interactions with Honghua and clopidogrel in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:562-567. [PMID: 21704146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Ferulic acid (FA), a compound isolated from herbs, has a big potential to be developed into a useful drug for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Early estimation of potential drug interaction is critical for drug development. As a common Chinese herb and Western drug respectively, Honghua and clopidogrel are often combined with FA-containing herbs to treat cardiovascular disease in clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of FA and potential interaction with Honghua and clopidogrel in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experiments were performed on following three groups: FA alone (10mg/kg, P.O.), combination of FA and Honghua (700 mg/kg, P.O.), combination of FA and clopidogrel (7 mg/kg, P.O.). Blood samples were collected before dosing and at 0, 2, 4, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 min after drug administration to determine the plasma drug concentration of FA. RESULTS FA was rapidly absorbed following oral administration with a mean time to peak plasma concentration (T(max)) of 0.03 h. The corresponding maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) were 8174.55 ng/L and 2594.45 h ng/mL respectively. Coadministration of Honghua and clopidogrel resulted in a 63.5% and 79.7% increase in the AUC respectively. The C(max) of FA was significantly increased by coadministration with clopidogrel (74.3%, p<0.01). Moreover, the T(max) of FA when coadministered with Honghua or clopidogrel was 3 and 3.76 times slower than when administered alone. Other pharmacokinetic parameters estimated for FA were also altered by the coadministrations, but no statistically significant differences were observed. CONCLUSION FA was rapidly absorbed with a low bioavailability after a single oral administration. The pharmacokinetics profile of FA in rats was partly altered by the coadministration of FA with Honghua or clopidogrel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 12, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, PR China
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184
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Identification and quantification of phenols, carotenoids, and vitamin C from papaya (Carica papaya L., cv. Maradol) fruit determined by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS-ESI. Food Res Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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185
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Fetoni AR, Eramo S, Troiani D, Paludetti G. Therapeutic window for ferulic acid protection against noise-induced hearing loss in the guinea pig. Acta Otolaryngol 2011; 131:419-27. [PMID: 21198344 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2010.539263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSION Our results are in agreement with the general idea that natural antioxidants achieve their best cytoprotective capacity if given before and soon after the stressor. OBJECTIVE We focused on ferulic acid (FA, 4-hydroxy 3-methoxycinnamic acid), a phenolic compound that is known to exhibit antioxidant properties. Our study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of FA for different schedules of treatment to establish the 'therapeutic window' for FA protection. METHODS Guinea pigs were exposed to acoustic trauma (6 kHz at 120 dB for 60 min) and received a total dose of 600 mg/kg of FA. Group I, noise control; group II, noise + FA (150 mg/kg) for 4 days starting 24 h post exposure; group III, noise + FA (60 mg/kg) 1 h before and 9 days post exposure; group IV, noise + FA (60 mg/kg) given 3 days before and 7 days post exposure; group V, noise + FA (150 mg/kg) 1 h before and 3 days post noise exposure. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) test and immunohistochemical and morphological studies were performed. RESULTS Group V had significantly decreased noise-induced hearing loss at day 21 from noise exposure. The improvement of auditory function by FA was paralleled by a significant reduction in oxidative stress marker. The other schedules of drug administration showed a minor degree of protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Fetoni
- Institutes of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
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186
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Rattmann YD, Mendéz-Sánchez SC, Furian AF, Paludo KS, de Souza LM, Dartora N, Oliveira MS, Costa EMDS, Miguel OG, Sassaki GL, Iacomini M, Mello CF, Franco CRC, da Silva-Santos JE, Cadena SMSC, Marques MCA, Santos ARS. Standardized extract of Dicksonia sellowiana Presl. Hook (Dicksoniaceae) decreases oxidative damage in cultured endothelial cells and in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:999-1007. [PMID: 21094243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Revised: 11/06/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Aging and a variety of pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases have been associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O₂·⁻), hydroxyl radical (·OH) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) generation. Plant polyphenols bear radical scavenging/antioxidant activity. A phytomedicinal preparation obtained from aerial parts of Dicksonia sellowiana (Dicksoniaceae), a native plant from Central and South America, has been widely used in Brazil against asthma and presents beneficial effects in several other diseases, including cardiovascular disturbance. In this work, we investigated whether Dicksonia sellowiana, which is also known to contain high levels of polyphenols, presents antioxidant activity. METHODS The antioxidant activity of the hydroalcoholic extract obtained from Dicksonia sellowiana leaves (HEDS) was investigated by in vitro and in vivo tests. RESULTS HEDS (0.1-100 μg/mL) exhibited a strong scavenging activity against all reactive species tested (DPPH, O₂·⁻,·OH and H₂O₂; IC₅₀=6.83±2.05, 11.6±5.4, 2.03±0.4, and 4.8±0.4 μg/mL, respectively). HEDS strongly protected endothelial cells against H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress by mechanisms other than increasing catalase activity. In addition, HEDS protected cell membrane from oxidative damage. HEDS, (20 and 40 mg/kg) inhibited lipid peroxidation in vivo (29.8% and 24.5%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS According to our results, we can speculate that the traditional uses of Dicksonia sellowiana for cardiovascular diseases, asthma and skin diseases could be, at least in part, related to the potent antioxidant and endothelial protective activities of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna D Rattmann
- Department of Pharmacology, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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187
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Pandey KB, Rizvi SI. Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2011; 2:270-8. [PMID: 20716914 PMCID: PMC2835915 DOI: 10.4161/oxim.2.5.9498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2330] [Impact Index Per Article: 179.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants and are generally involved in defense against ultraviolet radiation or aggression by pathogens. In the last decade, there has been much interest in the potential health benefits of dietary plant polyphenols as antioxidant. Epidemiological studies and associated meta-analyses strongly suggest that long term consumption of diets rich in plant polyphenols offer protection against development of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, osteoporosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we present knowledge about the biological effects of plant polyphenols in the context of relevance to human health.
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188
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Wang HC, Brumaghim JL. Polyphenol Compounds as Antioxidants for Disease Prevention: Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging, Enzyme Regulation, and Metal Chelation Mechanisms in E. coliand Human Cells. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2011-1083.ch005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao C. Wang
- Chemistry Department, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973
| | - Julia L. Brumaghim
- Chemistry Department, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973
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189
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Rodrigo R, Miranda A, Vergara L. Modulation of endogenous antioxidant system by wine polyphenols in human disease. Clin Chim Acta 2010; 412:410-24. [PMID: 21130758 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 11/25/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies indicate that moderate red wine consumption is associated with a protective effect against all-cause mortality. Since oxidative stress constitutes a unifying mechanism of injury of many types of disease processes, it should be expected that polyphenolic antioxidants account for this beneficial effect. Nevertheless, beyond the well-known antioxidant properties of these compounds, they may exert several other protective mechanisms. Indeed, the overall protective effect of polyphenols is due to their large array of biological actions, such as free radical-scavenging, metal chelation, enzyme modulation, cell signalling pathways modulation and gene expression effects, among others. Wine possesses a variety of polyphenols, being resveratrol its most outstanding representative, due to its pleiotropic biological properties. The presence of ethanol in wine aids to polyphenol absorption, thereby contributing to their bioavailability. Before absorption, polyphenols must be hydrolyzed by intestinal enzymes or by colonic microflora. Then, they undergo intestinal and liver metabolism. There have been no reported polyphenol adverse effects derived from intakes currently associated with the normal diet. However, supplements for health-protection should be cautiously used as no level definition has been given to make sure the dose is safe. The role of oxidative stress and the beneficial effects of wine polyphenols against cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes, microbial, inflammatory, neurodegenerative and kidney diseases and ageing are reviewed. Future large scale randomized clinical trials should be conducted to fully establish the therapeutic use of each individual wine polyphenol against human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Rodrigo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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190
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Hooper PL, Hooper PL, Tytell M, Vígh L. Xenohormesis: health benefits from an eon of plant stress response evolution. Cell Stress Chaperones 2010; 15:761-70. [PMID: 20524162 PMCID: PMC3024065 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Revised: 05/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Xenohormesis is a biological principle that explains how environmentally stressed plants produce bioactive compounds that can confer stress resistance and survival benefits to animals that consume them. Animals can piggyback off products of plants' sophisticated stress response which has evolved as a result of their stationary lifestyle. Factors eliciting the plant stress response can judiciously be employed to maximize yield of health-promoting plant compounds. The xenohormetic plant compounds can, when ingested, improve longevity and fitness by activating the animal's cellular stress response and can be applied in drug discovery, drug production, and nutritional enhancement of diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip L. Hooper
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO USA
- P.O. Box 245, Glen Haven, CO 80532 USA
| | - Paul L. Hooper
- Department of Anthropology and Program in Interdisciplinary Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM USA
| | - Michael Tytell
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Lászlo Vígh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
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191
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Lima CF, Pereira-Wilson C, Rattan SIS. Curcumin induces heme oxygenase-1 in normal human skin fibroblasts through redox signaling: Relevance for anti-aging intervention. Mol Nutr Food Res 2010; 55:430-42. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2010] [Revised: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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192
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A comparison of skin delivery of ferulic acid and its derivatives: Evaluation of their efficacy and safety. Int J Pharm 2010; 399:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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193
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New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre? Nutr Res Rev 2010; 23:65-134. [PMID: 20565994 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422410000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 593] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have clearly shown that whole-grain cereals can protect against obesity, diabetes, CVD and cancers. The specific effects of food structure (increased satiety, reduced transit time and glycaemic response), fibre (improved faecal bulking and satiety, viscosity and SCFA production, and/or reduced glycaemic response) and Mg (better glycaemic homeostasis through increased insulin secretion), together with the antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties of numerous bioactive compounds, especially those in the bran and germ (minerals, trace elements, vitamins, carotenoids, polyphenols and alkylresorcinols), are today well-recognised mechanisms in this protection. Recent findings, the exhaustive listing of bioactive compounds found in whole-grain wheat, their content in whole-grain, bran and germ fractions and their estimated bioavailability, have led to new hypotheses. The involvement of polyphenols in cell signalling and gene regulation, and of sulfur compounds, lignin and phytic acid should be considered in antioxidant protection. Whole-grain wheat is also a rich source of methyl donors and lipotropes (methionine, betaine, choline, inositol and folates) that may be involved in cardiovascular and/or hepatic protection, lipid metabolism and DNA methylation. Potential protective effects of bound phenolic acids within the colon, of the B-complex vitamins on the nervous system and mental health, of oligosaccharides as prebiotics, of compounds associated with skeleton health, and of other compounds such as alpha-linolenic acid, policosanol, melatonin, phytosterols and para-aminobenzoic acid also deserve to be studied in more depth. Finally, benefits of nutrigenomics to study complex physiological effects of the 'whole-grain package', and the most promising ways for improving the nutritional quality of cereal products are discussed.
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194
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In vivo protective effect of ferulic acid against noise-induced hearing loss in the guinea-pig. Neuroscience 2010; 169:1575-88. [PMID: 20600667 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic compound whose neuroprotective activity was extensively studied in vitro. In this study, we provided functional in vivo evidence that FA limits noise-induced hearing loss. Guinea-pigs exposed to acoustic trauma for 1 h exhibited a significant impairment in auditory function; this injury was evident as early as 1 day from noise exposure and persisted over 21 days. Ferulic acid (150 mg/kg i.p. for 4 days) counteracted noise-induced hearing loss at days 1, 3, 7 and 21 from noise exposure. The improvement of auditory function by FA was paralleled by a significant reduction in oxidative stress, apoptosis and increase in hair cell viability in the organ of Corti. Interestingly in the guinea-pig cochleae, the neuroprotective effect of FA was functionally related not only to its scavenging ability in the peri-traumatic period but also to the up-regulation of the cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1); in fact, FA-induced improvement of auditory function was counteracted by the HO inhibitor zinc-protoporphyrin-IX and paralleled the time-course of HO-1 induction over 3-7 days. These results confirm the antioxidant properties of FA as free-radical scavenger and suggest a role of HO-1 as an additional mediator against noise-induced ototoxicity.
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195
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Li FQ, Su H, Chen X, Qin XJ, Liu JY, Zhu QG, Hu JH. Mannose 6-phosphate-modified bovine serum albumin nanoparticles for controlled and targeted delivery of sodium ferulate for treatment of hepatic fibrosis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.09.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The aim was to prepare neoglycoprotein-based nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery to hepatic stellate cells, and to evaluate their characteristics in vitro and in vivo.
Methods
The neoglycoprotein of bovine serum albumin modified with mannose 6-phosphate was synthesised from mannose, and used as wall material to nanoencapsulate the model natural antifibrotic substance sodium ferulate using a desolvation method. The morphology, drug loading capacity, release in vitro and biodistribution in vivo of the nanoparticles were studied. Selectivity of the nanoparticles for hepatic stellate cells was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis of fibrotic rat liver sections.
Key findings
The spherical nanoparticles were negatively charged with zeta potential ranging from −2.73 to −35.85 mV, and sizes between 100 and 200 nm with a narrow size distribution. Drug entrapment efficiency of about 90% (w/w) and loading capacity of 20% (w/w) could be achieved. In vitro, the nanoparticles showed an initial rapid continuous release followed by a slower sustained release. After intravenous injection into mice, the nanoparticles showed a slower elimination rate and a much higher drug concentration in liver compared with the sodium ferrate solution, and less distribution to the kidneys and other tissues. Immunohistochemistry indicated that the neoglycoprotein-based nano-particles were taken up specifically by hepatic stellate cells.
Conclusions
The nanoparticles may be an efficient drug carrier targeting hepatic stellate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Qian Li
- Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Su
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-Ju Qin
- Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Yong Liu
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan-Gang Zhu
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Hong Hu
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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196
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Sze SCW, Tong Y, Zhang YB, Zhang ZJ, Lau ASL, Wong HK, Tsang KW, Ng TB. A novel mechanism: Erxian Decoction, a Chinese medicine formula, for relieving menopausal syndrome. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 123:27-33. [PMID: 19429335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2008] [Revised: 01/22/2009] [Accepted: 02/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Many clinical and experimental reports demonstrated that Erxian Decoction (EXD) was effective in relieving menopausal syndrome. AIM OF THE STUDY The mechanisms of action of EXD were explored on the endocrine and antioxidant regimen. MATERIALS AND METHODS Menopause causes a decline in both endocrine function and activities of antioxidant enzymes. In this study, 12-month-old female Sprague-Dawley-rats (SD-rats) with a low serum estradiol level were employed. Their endocrine functions after treatment with EXD were assessed by the determination of their serum estradiol level and ovarian mRNA levels of aromatase, which is a key enzyme for biosynthesis of estradiol. Meanwhile, superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx-1) in the liver were also determined to assess the effect of EXD on the antioxidant regimen. RESULTS Results revealed a significant elevation in serum estradiol level and the mRNA level of ovarian aromatase and liver CAT in the EXD-treated menopausal rat model. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained from mRNA and estradiol level of the present investigation revealed that the EXD relieves the menopausal syndrome involved an increase of endocrine and antioxidant function through, at least, the activation of aromatase and CAT detoxifying pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C W Sze
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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