151
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Mo WM, Kwon YW, Jang IH, Choi EJ, Kwon SM, Kim JH. Role of TAZ in Lysophosphatidic Acid-Induced Migration and Proliferation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2017; 25:354-361. [PMID: 28554198 PMCID: PMC5499612 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional co-activator with a PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) is an important factor in lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-induced promotion of migration and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The expression of TAZ significantly increased at 6 h after LPA treatment, and TAZ knockdown inhibited the LPA-induced migration and proliferation of MSCs. In addition, embryonic fibroblasts from TAZ knockout mice exhibited the reduction in LPA-induced migration and proliferation. The LPA1 receptor inhibitor Ki16425 blocked LPA responses in MSCs. Although TAZ knockdown or knockout did not reduce LPA-induced phosphorylation of ERK and AKT, the MEK inhibitor U0126 or the ROCK inhibitor Y27632 blocked LPA-induced TAZ expression along with the reduction in the proliferation and migration of MSCs. Our data suggest that TAZ is an important mediator of LPA signaling in MSCs in the downstream of MEK and ROCK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Min Mo
- Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Woo Kwon
- Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ho Jang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pusan National University School of Dentistry, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, Pusan National University School of Dentistry, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Choi
- Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Mo Kwon
- Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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152
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Bertozzi N, Simonacci F, Grieco MP, Grignaffini E, Raposio E. The biological and clinical basis for the use of adipose-derived stem cells in the field of wound healing. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2017; 20:41-48. [PMID: 28702186 PMCID: PMC5491486 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2017.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, hard-to-heal lower limb wounds are estimated to affect 1.5–3% of the adult population with a treatment-related annual cost of $10 billion. Thus, chronic skin ulcers of the lower limb are a matter of economic and public concern. Over the years, multiple medical and surgical approaches have been proposed but they are still inadequate, and no effective therapy yet exists. Regenerative medicine and stem cell-based therapies hold great promise for wound healing. Recently, many plastic surgeons have studied the potential clinical application of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), which are a readily available adult stem cell population that can undergo multilineage differentiation and secrete growth factors that can enhance wound-healing processes by promoting angiogenesis, and hence increase local blood supply. ASCs have been widely studied in vitro and in vivo in animal models. However, there are few randomized clinical trials on humans, and these are still ongoing or recruiting patients. Moreover, there is no consensus on a common isolation protocol that is clinically feasible and which would ensure reproducible results. The authors aim to provide readers with an overview of the biological properties of ASCs as well as their clinical application, to help better understanding of present and future strategies for the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds by means of stem cell-based therapies. Worldwide, hard-to-heal wounds are a matter of economic and public concern. The emerging fields of regenerative medicine and stem cell-based therapies hold great promise for wound healing. ASCs can potentially give the support necessary for recovery of hard-to-heal wounds. ASCs can be easily harvested from adipose tissue by means of standard wet liposuction technique. ASCs have been widely studied in vitro and in vivo to demonstrate their potential and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Bertozzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.,Cutaneous, Mininvasive, Regenerative and Plastic Surgery Unit, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Simonacci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.,Cutaneous, Mininvasive, Regenerative and Plastic Surgery Unit, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Michele Pio Grieco
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.,Cutaneous, Mininvasive, Regenerative and Plastic Surgery Unit, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Eugenio Grignaffini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.,Cutaneous, Mininvasive, Regenerative and Plastic Surgery Unit, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Edoardo Raposio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.,Cutaneous, Mininvasive, Regenerative and Plastic Surgery Unit, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
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153
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Tang S, Tan Q, Zhou Y, Lü Q. [Research progress of adipose-derived stem cells in skin wound healing]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2017; 31:745-750. [PMID: 29798659 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201701003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To review the research progress of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in skin wound healing. Methods The recent experiments and clinical studies on the role of ADSCs in skin wound healing were extensively retrieved and analyzed. Additionally, possible mechanisms and novel application strategies were proposed. Results As confirmed by in vitro and in vivo experiments and clinical studies, ADSCs promote skin wound healing mainly by two mechanisms: differentiation to target cells that participate in skin wound healing and cytokines paracrine to promote proliferation and migration of various cell lines that are mandatory to promote skin wound healing. Moreover, scaffold materials and cell sheet technology may further add to the potency of ADSCs in promoting skin wound healing. Conclusion Remarkable progress has been made in the application of ADSCs in skin wound healing. Further studies are needed to explore the application methods of ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenli Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China;Division of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Qiuwen Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China;Division of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China;Division of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Qing Lü
- Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041,
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154
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Pérez LM, de Lucas B, Lunyak VV, Gálvez BG. Adipose stem cells from obese patients show specific differences in the metabolic regulators vitamin D and Gas5. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2017; 12:51-56. [PMID: 28580301 PMCID: PMC5447652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a significant source of mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative therapies; however, caution should be taken as their environmental niche can affect their functional properties. We have previously demonstrated the negative impact of obesity on the function of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Here we have evaluated other possible properties and targets that are altered by obesity such as the recently described long non-coding molecule Gas5, which is involved in glucocorticoid resistance. Using ASCs isolated from obese (oASCs) and control subjects (cASCs), we have analyzed additional metabolic and inflammatory conditions that could be related with their impaired therapeutic potential and consequently their possible usefulness in the clinic. Altered genetic and metabolic targets by obesity in adipose stem cells population Gas5 involved in glucocorticoid resistance such as altered target Additional metabolic and inflammation conditions on obese adipose stem cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Pérez
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Lucas
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
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155
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Lorenzi W, Gonçalves FDC, Schneider N, Silva ÉF, Visioli F, Paz AH, Saueressig MG. Repeated systemic administration of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells prevents tracheal obliteration in a murine model of bronchiolitis obliterans. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39:1269-1277. [PMID: 28528427 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASC) administered either systemically or locally in a murine model of bronchiolitis obliterans. RESULTS When compared to controls, systemic treatment with 106 ASCs on D0 and a second dose on D7 significantly prevented tracheal obliteration 28 days after heterotopic tracheal transplantation (median of 94 vs. 16%; P < 0.01). A single dose tended towards less stenosis than controls, but did not reach statistical significance (28 vs. 94%; P = 0.054). On the contrary, repeated local injection was incapable of preventing tracheal obliteration when compared to a single injection or controls (37 vs. 71 vs. 87%). Two intravenous doses also tended to be better than two local injections (16 vs. 37%; P = 0.058), and were better than a single local dose (16 vs. 71%; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION A second dose of ASC, given systemically after 7 days, reduces luminal obliteration in a heterotopic tracheal transplantation model in mice, suggesting that ASC can be used to prevent obliterative bronchiolitis after lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Lorenzi
- Thoracic Surgery Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil.
| | - Fabiany Da Costa Gonçalves
- Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Natália Schneider
- Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Éverton Franco Silva
- Thoracic Surgery Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Pathology Department, School of Odontology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos 2492, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-007, Brazil
| | - Ana Helena Paz
- Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Guidi Saueressig
- Thoracic Surgery Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil
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156
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Rabbani M, Tafazzoli-Shadpour M, Shokrgozar MA, Janmaleki M, Teymoori M. Cyclic Stretch Effects on Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Stiffness, Morphology and Smooth Muscle Cell Gene Expression. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:279-286. [PMID: 30603484 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0033-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent investigations consider adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) as a promising source of stem cells for clinical therapies. To obtain functional cells with enhanced cytoskeleton and aligned structure, mechanical stimuli are utilized during differentiation of stem cells to the target cells. Since function of muscle cells is associated with cytoskeleton, enhanced structure is especially essential for these cells when employed in tissue engineering. In this study by utilizing a custom-made device, effects of uniaxial tension (1Hz, 10% stretch) on cytoskeleton, cell alignment, cell elastic properties, and expression of smooth muscle cell (SMC) genes in ASCs are investigated. Due to proper availability of ASCs, results can be employed in cardiovascular engineering when production of functional SMCs in arterial reconstruction is required. Results demonstrated that cells were oriented after 24 hours of cyclic stretch with aligned pseudo-podia. Staining of actin filaments confirmed enhanced polymerization and alignment of stress fibers. Such phenomenon resulted in stiffening of cell body which was quantified by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Expression of SM α-actin and SM22 α-actin as SMC associated genes were increased after cyclic stretch while GAPDH was considered as internal control gene. Finally, it was concluded that application of cyclic stretch on ASCs assists differentiation to SMC and enhances functionality of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Rabbani
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Daneshgah St., Azadi sq., Isfahan, 8174673441 Iran
| | - Mohammad Tafazzoli-Shadpour
- 2Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez st., Tehran, 158754413 Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar
- 3National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Farvardin 12st st., Tehran, 13164 Iran
| | - Mohsen Janmaleki
- 4Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Taleghani Hospital, Parvaneh St., Velenjak, Tehran, 1985717444 Iran
| | - Morteza Teymoori
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Daneshgah St., Azadi sq., Isfahan, 8174673441 Iran
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157
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Grudzenski S, Baier S, Ebert A, Pullens P, Lemke A, Bieback K, Dijkhuizen RM, Schad LR, Alonso A, Hennerici MG, Fatar M. The effect of adipose tissue-derived stem cells in a middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke model depends on their engraftment rate. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:96. [PMID: 28446216 PMCID: PMC5407025 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0545-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the field of experimental stem cell therapy, intra-arterial (IA) delivery yields the best results concerning, for example, migrated cell number at the targeted site. However, IA application also appears to be associated with increased mortality rates and infarction. Since many rodent studies systemically apply 1 × 106 cells, this could also be a consequence of engrafted cell number. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of different doses of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) on engraftment rates and stroke outcome measured in vivo using 9.4-T high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS Male Wistar rats (n = 43) underwent a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) for 45 or 90 min, followed by IA delivery of either saline or 1 × 106, 3 × 105, or 5 × 104 ASCs pre-labelled with very small superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (VSOPs). MRI (9.4-T) analysis was performed 48 h and 9 days post-MCAo. Lesion volumes were assessed by analysis of T2-weighted images and cell signal tracking showing cell engraftment and active cell migration by an improved T2*-analysis. RESULTS The ASC-derived signal intensity increased in the affected hemisphere 48 h post MCAo with injected cell number (p < 0.05). The analysis of stroke volumes revealed an increased infarction after injection of 1 × 106 ASCs compared to controls or application of 5 × 104 ASCs (p < 0.05). At 9 days post-MCAo, injection of 3 × 105 ASCs resulted in reduced infarct volumes (p < 0.05). Correspondingly, MRI analysis revealed no changes in cell numbers between both MRI examinations but showed active ASC migration to the site of infarction. CONCLUSION Our results confirm that IA injection is an efficient way of targeting damaged brain tissue but its usefulness strongly depends on the right dose of delivered stem cells since this factor has a strong influence on migration rate and infarct volume, with better results for doses below 1 × 106 cells. Future challenges will include the determination of therapeutic doses for best cellular engraftment and stroke outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Grudzenski
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Baier
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne Ebert
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Pim Pullens
- Department of Radiology, UZ-Brussel, Vrije Universiteit (VUB), 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andreas Lemke
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karen Bieback
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rick M Dijkhuizen
- Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lothar R Schad
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Angelika Alonso
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael G Hennerici
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marc Fatar
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167, Mannheim, Germany
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158
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Hanna H, Andre FM, Mir LM. Electrical control of calcium oscillations in mesenchymal stem cells using microsecond pulsed electric fields. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:91. [PMID: 28424094 PMCID: PMC5397732 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human mesenchymal stem cells are promising tools for regenerative medicine due to their ability to differentiate into many cellular types such as osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes amongst many other cell types. These cells present spontaneous calcium oscillations implicating calcium channels and pumps of the plasma membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum. These oscillations regulate many basic functions in the cell such as proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, the possibility to mimic or regulate these oscillations might be useful to regulate mesenchymal stem cells biological functions. METHODS One or several electric pulses of 100 μs were used to induce Ca2+ spikes caused by the penetration of Ca2+ from the extracellular medium, through the transiently electropermeabilized plasma membrane, in human adipose mesenchymal stem cells from several donors. Attached cells were preloaded with Fluo-4 AM and exposed to the electric pulse(s) under the fluorescence microscope. Viability was also checked. RESULTS According to the pulse(s) electric field amplitude, it is possible to generate a supplementary calcium spike with properties close to those of calcium spontaneous oscillations, or, on the contrary, to inhibit the spontaneous calcium oscillations for a very long time compared to the pulse duration. Through that inhibition of the oscillations, Ca2+ oscillations of desired amplitude and frequency could then be imposed on the cells using subsequent electric pulses. None of the pulses used here, even those with the highest amplitude, caused a loss of cell viability. CONCLUSIONS An easy way to control Ca2+ oscillations in mesenchymal stem cells, through their cancellation or the addition of supplementary Ca2+ spikes, is reported here. Indeed, the direct link between the microsecond electric pulse(s) delivery and the occurrence/cancellation of cytosolic Ca2+ spikes allowed us to mimic and regulate the Ca2+ oscillations in these cells. Since microsecond electric pulse delivery constitutes a simple technology available in many laboratories, this new tool might be useful to further investigate the role of Ca2+ in human mesenchymal stem cells biological processes such as proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Hanna
- Vectorology and Anticancer Therapies, UMR 8203, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, PR2, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif Cédex, France
| | - Franck M. Andre
- Vectorology and Anticancer Therapies, UMR 8203, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, PR2, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif Cédex, France
| | - Lluis M. Mir
- Vectorology and Anticancer Therapies, UMR 8203, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, PR2, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif Cédex, France
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159
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Virjula S, Zhao F, Leivo J, Vanhatupa S, Kreutzer J, Vaughan TJ, Honkala AM, Viehrig M, Mullen CA, Kallio P, McNamara LM, Miettinen S. The effect of equiaxial stretching on the osteogenic differentiation and mechanical properties of human adipose stem cells. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 72:38-48. [PMID: 28448920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Although mechanical cues are known to affect stem cell fate and mechanobiology, the significance of such stimuli on the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of long-term mechanical stimulation on the attachment, osteogenic differentiation and mechanical properties of hASCs. Tailor-made, pneumatic cell stretching devices were used to expose hASCs to cyclic equiaxial stretching in osteogenic medium. Cell attachment and focal adhesions were visualised using immunocytochemical vinculin staining on days 3 and 6, and the proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity, as a sign of early osteogenic differentiation, were analysed on days 0, 6 and 10. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of hASCs, in terms of apparent Young's modulus and normalised contractility, were obtained using a combination of atomic force microscopy based indentation and computational approaches. Our results indicated that cyclic equiaxial stretching delayed proliferation and promoted osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. Stretching also reduced cell size and intensified focal adhesions and actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, cell stiffening was observed during osteogenic differentiation and especially under mechanical stimulation. These results suggest that cyclic equiaxial stretching modifies cell morphology, focal adhesion formation and mechanical properties of hASCs. This could be exploited to enhance osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanni Virjula
- Adult Stem Cell Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Lääkärinkatu 1, 33520 Tampere, Finland; Science Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 6, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Feihu Zhao
- Biomechanics Research Centre (BMEC), Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Joni Leivo
- Department of Automation Science and Engineering, BioMediTech, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Sari Vanhatupa
- Adult Stem Cell Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Lääkärinkatu 1, 33520 Tampere, Finland; Science Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 6, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Joose Kreutzer
- Department of Automation Science and Engineering, BioMediTech, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Ted J Vaughan
- Biomechanics Research Centre (BMEC), Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Anna-Maija Honkala
- Adult Stem Cell Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Lääkärinkatu 1, 33520 Tampere, Finland; Science Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 6, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Marlitt Viehrig
- Department of Automation Science and Engineering, BioMediTech, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Conleth A Mullen
- Biomechanics Research Centre (BMEC), Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Pasi Kallio
- Department of Automation Science and Engineering, BioMediTech, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Laoise M McNamara
- Biomechanics Research Centre (BMEC), Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Lääkärinkatu 1, 33520 Tampere, Finland; Science Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 6, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
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160
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Vilahur G, Oñate B, Cubedo J, Béjar MT, Arderiu G, Peña E, Casaní L, Gutiérrez M, Capdevila A, Pons-Lladó G, Carreras F, Hidalgo A, Badimon L. Allogenic adipose-derived stem cell therapy overcomes ischemia-induced microvessel rarefaction in the myocardium: systems biology study. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:52. [PMID: 28279225 PMCID: PMC5345145 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0509-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial microvascular loss after myocardial infarction (MI) remains a therapeutic challenge. Autologous stem cell therapy was considered as an alternative; however, it has shown modest benefits due to the impairing effects of cardiovascular risk factors on stem cells. Allogenic adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) may overcome such limitations, and because of their low immunogenicity and paracrine potential may be good candidates for cell therapy. In the present study we investigated the effects of allogenic ASCs and their released products on cardiac rarefaction post MI. Methods Pig subcutaneous adipose tissue ASCs were isolated, expanded and GFP-labeled. ASC angiogenic function was assessed by the in-vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Pigs underwent MI induction and 7 days after were randomized to receive: allogenic ASCs (intracoronary infusion); conditioned media (CM; intravenous infusion); ASCs + CM; or PBS/placebo (control). Cardiac damage and function were monitored by 3-T cardiac magnetic resonance imaging upon infusion (baseline CMR) and 1 and 3 weeks thereafter. We assessed in the myocardium: microvessel density; angiogenic markers (CD105, CD31, TF, VEGFR2, VEGFR1, vWF, eNOS, CD62); collagen deposition; and reparative fibrosis (TGFβ/TβRII/collagen). Differential proteomics of ASCs and CM was performed to characterize the ASC protein signature. Results CAM indicated a significant ASC proangiogenic capacity. In pigs after MI, only PBS/placebo animals displayed an impaired cardiac function 3 weeks after infusion (p < 0.05 vs baseline). Administration of ASCs + CM significantly enhanced neovessel formation and favored cardiac repair post MI (p < 0.05 vs the other groups). Molecular markers of angiogenesis were significantly upregulated both at transcriptional and protein levels (p < 0.05). The in-silico bioinformatics analysis of the ASC and CM proteome (interactome) indicated activation of a coordinated protein network involved in the formation of microvessels and the resolution of rarefaction. Conclusion Coadministration of allogenic ASCs and their CM synergistically contribute to the neovascularization of the infarcted myocardium through a coordinated upregulation of the proangiogenic protein interactome. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0509-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC) Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), c/Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Oñate
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC) Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), c/Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Cubedo
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC) Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), c/Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Béjar
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC) Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), c/Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Arderiu
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC) Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), c/Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Peña
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC) Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), c/Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Casaní
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC) Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), c/Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC) Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), c/Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBERCV, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. .,Cardiovascular Research Chair, UAB (Autonomous University of Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain.
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161
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Shan X, Roberts C, Kim EJ, Brenner A, Grant G, Percec I. Transcriptional and Cell Cycle Alterations Mark Aging of Primary Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1392-1401. [PMID: 28211118 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Adult stem cells play a critical role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and prevention of aging. While the regenerative potential of stem cells with low cellular turnover, such as adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), is increasingly recognized, the study of chronological aging in ASCs is technically difficult and remains poorly understood. Here, we use our model of chronological aging in primary human ASCs to examine genome-wide transcriptional networks. We demonstrate first that the transcriptome of aging ASCs is distinctly more stable than that of age-matched fibroblasts, and further, that age-dependent modifications in cell cycle progression and translation initiation specifically characterize aging ASCs in conjunction with increased nascent protein synthesis and a distinctly shortened G1 phase. Our results reveal novel chronological aging mechanisms in ASCs that are inherently different from differentiated cells and that may reflect an organismal attempt to meet the increased demands of tissue and organ homeostasis during aging. Stem Cells 2017;35:1392-1401.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyin Shan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cleresa Roberts
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- The Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ariana Brenner
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gregory Grant
- The Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ivona Percec
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Chitosan-assisted differentiation of porcine adipose tissue-derived stem cells into glucose-responsive insulin-secreting clusters. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172922. [PMID: 28253305 PMCID: PMC5333835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique advantage of easy access and abundance make the adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) a promising system of multipotent cells for transplantation and regenerative medicine. Among the available sources, porcine ADSCs (pADSCs) deserve especial attention due to the close resemblance of human and porcine physiology, as well as for the upcoming availability of humanized porcine models. Here, we report on the isolation and conversion of pADSCs into glucose-responsive insulin-secreting cells. We used the stromal-vascular fraction of the dorsal subcutaneous adipose from 9-day-old male piglets to isolate pADSCs, and subjected the cells to an induction scheme for differentiation on chitosan-coated plates. This one-step procedure promoted differentiation of pADSCs into pancreatic islet-like clusters (PILC) that are characterized by the expression of a repertoire of pancreatic proteins, including pancreatic and duodenal homeobox (Pdx-1), insulin gene enhancer protein (ISL-1) and insulin. Upon glucose challenge, these PILC secreted high amounts of insulin in a dose-dependent manner. Our data also suggest that chitosan plays roles not only to enhance the differentiation potential of pADSCs, but also to increase the glucose responsiveness of PILCs. Our novel approach is, therefore, of great potential for transplantation-based amelioration of type 1 diabetes.
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163
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Wang Y, Ji X, Leak RK, Chen F, Cao G. Stem cell therapies in age-related neurodegenerative diseases and stroke. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 34:39-50. [PMID: 27876573 PMCID: PMC5250574 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aging, a complex process associated with various structural, functional and metabolic changes in the brain, is an important risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and stroke. These diseases share similar neuropathological changes, such as the formation of misfolded proteins, oxidative stress, loss of neurons and synapses, dysfunction of the neurovascular unit (NVU), reduction of self-repair capacity, and motor and/or cognitive deficiencies. In addition to gray matter dysfunction, the plasticity and repair capacity of white matter also decrease with aging and contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. Aging not only renders patients more susceptible to these disorders, but also attenuates their self-repair capabilities. In addition, low drug responsiveness and intolerable side effects are major challenges in the prevention and treatment of senile diseases. Thus, stem cell therapies-characterized by cellular plasticity and the ability to self-renew-may be a promising strategy for aging-related brain disorders. Here, we review the common pathophysiological changes, treatments, and the promises and limitations of stem cell therapies in age-related neurodegenerative diseases and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Departments of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital University of Medicine, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital University of Medicine, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Rehana K Leak
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, United States
| | - Fenghua Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
| | - Guodong Cao
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, United States.
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164
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Skin Tissue Engineering: Application of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9747010. [PMID: 28337463 PMCID: PMC5350314 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9747010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Perception of the adipose tissue has changed dramatically over the last few decades. Identification of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) ultimately transformed paradigm of this tissue from a passive energy depot into a promising stem cell source with properties of self-renewal and multipotential differentiation. As compared to bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs), ASCs are more easily accessible and their isolation yields higher amount of stem cells. Therefore, the ASCs are of high interest for stem cell-based therapies and skin tissue engineering. Currently, freshly isolated stromal vascular fraction (SVF), which may be used directly without any expansion, was also assessed to be highly effective in treating skin radiation injuries, burns, or nonhealing wounds such as diabetic ulcers. In this paper, we review the characteristics of SVF and ASCs and the efficacy of their treatment for skin injuries and disorders.
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165
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[Correction of an amyotrophic dorsal face of hands due to neurological disease with autologous fat cells transplant: An original case]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2017; 62:245-250. [PMID: 28189337 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autologous fat grafting allows the correction of many volume defects whether natural or post-traumatic. In hand surgery, the most common indication is the rejuvenation of the dorsal aspect of the hands. We present, here, an original case of amyotrophic hands lipofilling due to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. PATIENT AND METHODS The patient had a bilateral and asymmetric amyotrophy of the intermetacarpal spaces responsible of a social handicap. Autologous fat grafting, according to Coleman's procedure, was done at the dorsal aspect of the two hands, three years apart. The adipocyte cells were taken on the medial side of the thighs, knees and on the abdomen. Five and eight years after the procedure, the results were evaluated with satisfactory results for the patient and the surgeon. RESULTS Autologous fat grafting allowed the filling of the intermetacarpal spaces which last over time. The satisfaction rate was high in the patient and the surgeon. CONCLUSION Autologous fat cells give an aesthetic correction of neurological amyotrophic hands.
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166
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Pu CM, Liu CW, Liang CJ, Yen YH, Chen SH, Jiang-Shieh YF, Chien CL, Chen YC, Chen YL. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Protect Skin Flaps against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via IL-6 Expression. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:1353-1362. [PMID: 28163069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Flap necrosis is the most frequent postoperative complication encountered in reconstructive surgery. We elucidated whether adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and their derivatives might induce neovascularization and protect skin flaps during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Flaps were subjected to 3 hours of ischemia by ligating long thoracic vessels and then to blood reperfusion. Qtracker-labeled ADSCs, ADSCs in conditioned medium (ADSC-CM), or ADSC exosomes (ADSC-Exo) were injected into the flaps. These treatments led to significantly increased flap survival and capillary density compared with I/R on postoperative day 5. IL-6 levels in the cell lysates or in conditioned medium were significantly higher in ADSCs than in Hs68 fibroblasts. ADSC-CM and ADSC-Exo increased tube formation. This result was corroborated by a strong decrease in skin repair after adding IL-6-neutralizing antibodies or small interfering RNA for IL-6 ADSCs. ADSC transplantation also increased flap recovery in I/R injury of IL-6-knockout mice. IL-6 was secreted from ADSCs through signal transducer and activator of transcription phosphorylation, and then IL-6 stimulated angiogenesis and enhanced recovery after I/R injury by the classic signaling pathway. The mechanism of skin recovery includes the direct differentiation of ADSCs into endothelial cells and the indirect effect of IL-6 released from ADSCs. ADSC-CM and ADSC-Exo could be used as off-the-shelf products for this therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ming Pu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wei Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Jung Liang
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiu Yen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Hua Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fen Jiang-Shieh
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Liang Chien
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chun Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Lien Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Hao M, Wang R, Wang W. Cell Therapies in Cardiomyopathy: Current Status of Clinical Trials. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2017; 2017:9404057. [PMID: 28194324 PMCID: PMC5282433 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9404057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Because the human heart has limited potential for regeneration, the loss of cardiomyocytes during cardiac myopathy and ischaemic injury can result in heart failure and death. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of dead myocardium, directly or indirectly, and seems to offer functional benefits to patients. The ideal candidate donor cell for myocardial reconstitution is a stem-like cell that can be easily obtained, has a robust proliferation capacity and a low risk of tumour formation and immune rejection, differentiates into functionally normal cardiomyocytes, and is suitable for minimally invasive clinical transplantation. The ultimate goal of cardiac repair is to regenerate functionally viable myocardium after myocardial infarction (MI) to prevent or heal heart failure. This review provides a comprehensive overview of treatment with stem-like cells in preclinical and clinical studies to assess the feasibility and efficacy of this novel therapeutic strategy in ischaemic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hao
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, 333 Guiping Road, Shanghai 200233, China
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, 19925 Stevens Creek Blvd, Suite 100, Cupertino, CA 95014, USA
| | - Richard Wang
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, 333 Guiping Road, Shanghai 200233, China
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, 19925 Stevens Creek Blvd, Suite 100, Cupertino, CA 95014, USA
| | - Wen Wang
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, 333 Guiping Road, Shanghai 200233, China
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, 19925 Stevens Creek Blvd, Suite 100, Cupertino, CA 95014, USA
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168
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Wu PH, Chung HY, Wang JH, Shih JC, Kuo MYP, Chang PC, Huang YD, Wang PC, Chang CC. Amniotic membrane and adipose-derived stem cell co-culture system enhances bone regeneration in a rat periodontal defect model. J Formos Med Assoc 2017; 115:186-94. [PMID: 26073611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory process that potentially leads to alveolar bone destruction and tooth loss. Tissue engineering combined with stem cell therapy is a potential effective treatment for periodontal bone loss. Amniotic membrane (AM) is a potential scaffold enriched with multiple growth factors. It has the effects of anti-inflammation, antiangiogenesis, and immunosuppression. Herein, we used adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and an AM co-cultured system to study bone regeneration in a rat periodontal defect model in vivo. METHODS Human ADSCs were isolated from the infrapatellar fat pad, and characterized by flow cytometry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and multipotent differentiation assays. The co-culture system was applied in the periodontal two-wall osseous defect in a rat model, and computed tomography was used to measure the effect. RESULTS Human ADSCs isolated from the infrapatellar fat pad showed spindle-like morphology. Flow cytometry results demonstrated that ADSCs expressed a high level of CD90 and CD105, but not CD31, CD34, and CD45. ADSCs strongly expressed stemness genes, including SOX2, OCT4, NANOG, and KLF4 on different passages. Furthermore, ADSCs were able to differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic cells. In the periodontal osseous defect rat model, ADSCs and the AM co-culture system significantly increased bone regeneration. CONCLUSION This study provides the basis for using ADSCs with an AM co-culture system as stem cell therapy and scaffold transplantation in clinical periodontology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Hsien Wu
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yi Chung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Horng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chung Shih
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mark Yen-Ping Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Der Huang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, College of Nuclear Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | - Cheng-Chi Chang
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Song Y, Peng C, Lv S, Cheng J, Liu S, Wen Q, Guan G, Liu G. Adipose-derived stem cells ameliorate renal interstitial fibrosis through inhibition of EMT and inflammatory response via TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 44:115-122. [PMID: 28092863 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been successfully used to treat acute kidney injury or acute renal failure. However, the effect of ADSCs on treating renal interstitial fibrosis remains unknown. Here, we assessed the therapeutic efficacy of ADSCs on renal interstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) and explored the potential mechanisms. After 7days of UUO, rats were injected with ADSCs (5×106) or vehicle via tail vein. We found that ADSCs administration significantly ameliorated renal interstitial fibrosis, the occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammatory response. Furthermore, ADSCs administration could inhibit the activation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling pathway, which might play a crucial role in renal interstitial fibrosis of the UUO model rats. These results suggested that ADSCs treatment attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis possibly through inhibition of EMT and inflammatory response via TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Therefore, ADSCs may be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Song
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Changliang Peng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shasha Lv
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Wen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guangju Guan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Inhibits Apoptosis and Promotes Proliferation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Isolated from Patients with Type 2 Diabetes by Reducing Cellular Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:3027109. [PMID: 28168007 PMCID: PMC5267085 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3027109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting increasing number of people in developed countries. Therefore new strategies for treatment of T2D and its complications are of special interest. Nowadays, cellular therapies involving mesenchymal stromal cells that reside in adipose tissue (ASCs) constitute a promising approach; however, there are still many obstacles concerning safety and effectiveness that need to be overcome before ASCs could be engaged for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. One of the challenges is preventing ASCs from deterioration caused by elevated oxidative stress present in diabetes milieu. In the current study we investigated the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) treatment on ASCs isolated from patients with diagnosed T2D. We demonstrate here that cell exposition to bFGF in 5 and 10 ng/mL dosages results in improved morphology, increased proliferative activity, reduced cellular senescence and apoptosis, and decreased oxidative stress, indicating recovery of ASCs' function impaired by T2D. Therefore our results provide a support for bFGF as a potential therapeutic agent for improving stem cell-based approaches for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.
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171
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Bajek A, Gurtowska N, Olkowska J, Maj M, Kaźmierski Ł, Bodnar M, Marszałek A, Dębski R, Drewa T. Does the Harvesting Technique Affect the Properties of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells?-The Comparative Biological Characterization. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:1097-1107. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bajek
- Department of Tissue Engineering; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Karlowicza Str 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Natalia Gurtowska
- Department of Tissue Engineering; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Karlowicza Str 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Joanna Olkowska
- Department of Tissue Engineering; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Karlowicza Str 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Małgorzata Maj
- Department of Tissue Engineering; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Karlowicza Str 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Łukasz Kaźmierski
- Department of Tissue Engineering; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Karlowicza Str 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Magdalena Bodnar
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology; Nicolaus Copernicus University; M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str 9 85-094 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Andrzej Marszałek
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology; Nicolaus Copernicus University; M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str 9 85-094 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Robert Dębski
- Department of Experimental Oncology; Nicolaus Copernicus University; M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str 9 85-094 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Tomasz Drewa
- Department of Urology; Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital; Batorego Str 17-19 87-100 Toruń Poland
- Department of Urology; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Sklodowskiej Str 9 85-090 Bydgoszcz Poland
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172
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Abstract
Adipose tissue has been shown to be particularly advantageous as source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), because of its easy accessibility, and the possibility of obtaining stem cells in high yields. MSCs are obtained from the so-called Stromal Vascular Fraction, (SVF), exploiting their property of adhering to plastic surfaces and can be further purified by positive or negative immunomagnetic selection with appropriately chosen antibodies. These cells (Stromal Stem Cells, SSCs) can then be directly analyzed, frozen in liquid nitrogen, or expanded for further applications, e.g., for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The methodology described here in detail for SSCs isolated from mouse subcutaneous adipose tissue can be applied to human tissues, such as epicardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Prat
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A.Avogadro", Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Francesca Oltolina
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A.Avogadro", Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Silvia Antonini
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A.Avogadro", Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Zamperone
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A.Avogadro", Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
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Survival and Inflammatory Response in Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-enriched Mouse Fat Grafts. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2016; 4:e1110. [PMID: 28293494 PMCID: PMC5222639 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ATMSCs) are currently used in grafting procedures in a number of clinical trials. The reconstructive role of such cells in fat graft enrichment is largely unclear. This study was undertaken to assess survival and inflammatory response in fat grafts enriched with ATMSCs in mice. Methods: ATMSC-enriched adipose tissue was grafted subcutaneously in a clinically relevant manner in mice, and survival and inflammatory response were determined by bioluminescence imaging of transgenic tissue constitutively expressing luciferase or driven by inflammation in wild-type animals. Results: Only a minor fraction of ATMSCs transplanted subcutaneously were found to survive long term, yet fat grafts enriched with ATMSCs showed improved survival for a limited period, compared with no enrichment. NF-κB activity was transiently increased in ATMSC-enriched grafts, and the grafts responded adequately to a proinflammatory stimulus. In one animal, cells originating from the subcutaneous graft were found at a site of inflammation distant from the site of engraftment. Conclusion: ATMSCs display limited subcutaneous survival. Still, ATMSC enrichment may improve the outcome of adipose tissue grafting procedures by facilitating short-term graft survival and adequate inflammatory responses. Migration of cells from grafted adipose tissue requires further investigation.
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174
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Simonacci F, Bertozzi N, Grieco MP, Grignaffini E, Raposio E. Autologous fat transplantation for breast reconstruction: A literature review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2016; 12:94-100. [PMID: 27942383 PMCID: PMC5137333 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of autologous fat transplantation to correct volume and contour defects, scars, and asymmetry after breast cancer surgery has increased over the past 20 years. Many developments and refinements in this technique have taken place in recent years, and several studies of the safety of lipofilling in the breast have been published. PRESENTATION OF CASE We performed a literature review of this technique, highlighting the crucial role of lipofilling in breast cancer reconstruction. DISCUSSION The efficacy of the fat graft transplantation depends on the experience and the technique used by the surgeon. The ASCs (adipose-derived stem cells) contained in the fat graft has proven to be crucial for breast reconstruction by mean the regeneration of tissue, through the chemotactic, paracrine, and immunomodulatory activities and their in situ differentiation. CONCLUSION The role of lipofilling for breast reconstruction could be more significant with the application of the findings of experimental research on tissue engineering and ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Simonacci
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic Surgery Division, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- The Cutaneous, Mininvasive, Regenerative and Plastic Surgery Unit, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
| | - Nicolò Bertozzi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic Surgery Division, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- The Cutaneous, Mininvasive, Regenerative and Plastic Surgery Unit, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
| | - Michele Pio Grieco
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic Surgery Division, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- The Cutaneous, Mininvasive, Regenerative and Plastic Surgery Unit, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
| | - Eugenio Grignaffini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic Surgery Division, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- The Cutaneous, Mininvasive, Regenerative and Plastic Surgery Unit, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
| | - Edoardo Raposio
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic Surgery Division, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- The Cutaneous, Mininvasive, Regenerative and Plastic Surgery Unit, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
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175
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Frey BM, Zeisberger SM, Hoerstrup SP. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - New Initiatives for Individual Treatment Offers. Transfus Med Hemother 2016; 43:318-319. [PMID: 27781018 DOI: 10.1159/000450716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Beat M Frey
- Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Zurich-Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Steffen M Zeisberger
- Wyss Translational Center Zurich, Regenerative Medicine Technologies Platform, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon P Hoerstrup
- Wyss Translational Center Zurich, Regenerative Medicine Technologies Platform, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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176
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Irvine SA, Venkatraman SS. Bioprinting and Differentiation of Stem Cells. Molecules 2016; 21:E1188. [PMID: 27617991 PMCID: PMC6273261 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The 3D bioprinting of stem cells directly into scaffolds offers great potential for the development of regenerative therapies; in particular for the fabrication of organ and tissue substitutes. For this to be achieved; the lineage fate of bioprinted stem cell must be controllable. Bioprinting can be neutral; allowing culture conditions to trigger differentiation or alternatively; the technique can be designed to be stimulatory. Such factors as the particular bioprinting technique; bioink polymers; polymer cross-linking mechanism; bioink additives; and mechanical properties are considered. In addition; it is discussed that the stimulation of stem cell differentiation by bioprinting may lead to the remodeling and modification of the scaffold over time matching the concept of 4D bioprinting. The ability to tune bioprinting properties as an approach to fabricate stem cell bearing scaffolds and to also harness the benefits of the cells multipotency is of considerable relevance to the field of biomaterials and bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Irvine
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Subbu S Venkatraman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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Autologous adipose-derived adult stem cells injection versus platelet-rich plasma injection in the treatment of rolling postacne scars. JOURNAL OF THE EGYPTIAN WOMEN’S DERMATOLOGIC SOCIETY 2016. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ewx.0000489880.96422.b1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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178
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Electric pulses: a flexible tool to manipulate cytosolic calcium concentrations and generate spontaneous-like calcium oscillations in mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32331. [PMID: 27561994 PMCID: PMC4999807 DOI: 10.1038/srep32331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (haMSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells of great interest in regenerative medicine or oncology. They present spontaneous calcium oscillations related to cell cycle progression or differentiation but the correlation between these events is still unclear. Indeed, it is difficult to mimic haMSCs spontaneous calcium oscillations with chemical means. Pulsed electric fields (PEFs) can permeabilise plasma and/or organelles membranes depending on the applied pulses and therefore generate cytosolic calcium peaks by recruiting calcium from the external medium or from internal stores. We show that it is possible to mimic haMSCs spontaneous calcium oscillations (same amplitude, duration and shape) using 100 μs PEFs or 10 ns PEFs. We propose a model that explains the experimental situations reported. PEFs can therefore be a flexible tool to manipulate cytosolic calcium concentrations. This tool, that can be switched on and off instantaneously, contrary to chemicals agents, can be very useful to investigate the role of calcium oscillations in cell physiology and/or to manipulate cell fate.
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179
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Nerve Regeneration in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Repair and Hindlimb Transplant Model. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31306. [PMID: 27510321 PMCID: PMC4980673 DOI: 10.1038/srep31306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the efficacy of local and intravenous mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration to augment neuroregeneration in both a sciatic nerve cut-and-repair and rat hindlimb transplant model. Bone marrow-derived MSCs were harvested and purified from Brown-Norway (BN) rats. Sciatic nerve transections and repairs were performed in three groups of Lewis (LEW) rats: negative controls (n = 4), local MSCs (epineural) injection (n = 4), and systemic MSCs (intravenous) injection (n = 4). Syngeneic (LEW-LEW) (n = 4) and allogeneic (BN-LEW) (n = 4) hindlimb transplants were performed and assessed for neuroregeneration after local or systemic MSC treatment. Rats undergoing sciatic nerve cut-and-repair and treated with either local or systemic injection of MSCs had significant improvement in the speed of recovery of compound muscle action potential amplitudes and axon counts when compared with negative controls. Similarly, rats undergoing allogeneic hindlimb transplants treated with local injection of MSCs exhibited significantly increased axon counts. Similarly, systemic MSC treatment resulted in improved nerve regeneration following allogeneic hindlimb transplants. Systemic administration had a more pronounced effect on electromotor recovery while local injection was more effective at increasing fiber counts, suggesting different targets of action. Local and systemic MSC injections significantly improve the pace and degree of nerve regeneration after nerve injury and hindlimb transplantation.
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180
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Khan S, Villalobos MA, Choron RL, Chang S, Brown SA, Carpenter JP, Tulenko TN, Zhang P. Fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor play a critical role in endotheliogenesis from human adipose-derived stem cells. J Vasc Surg 2016; 65:1483-1492. [PMID: 27514438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are a potential adult mesenchymal stem cell source for restoring endothelial function in patients with critical limb ischemia. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) play a major role in angiogenesis and wound healing. This study evaluated the effects of FGF and VEGF on the proliferation, migration, and potential endothelial differentiation of human ASCs with regards to their use as endothelial cell substitutes. METHODS ASCs were isolated from clinical lipoaspirates and cultured in M199 medium with fetal bovine serum (10%), FGF2 (10 ng/mL), VEGF (50 ng/mL), or combinations of FGF2 and VEGF. Cell proliferation rates, viability, and migration were measured by growth curves, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), and scratch assays. For cell attachment determinations, ASCs were seeded onto a scaffold of small intestinal submucosa for 5 days. Endothelial differentiation capabilities of ASCs were confirmed by expression of endothelial cell-specific markers using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence staining, and cord formation on Matrigel (BD Biosciences, San Jose, Calif). PD173074, a selective inhibitor of FGF receptor, was used to confirm the importance of FGF signaling. RESULTS ASCs treated with FGF or combinations of FGF and VEGF showed increased proliferation rates and consistent differentiation toward an endothelial cell lineage increase in platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD31), von Willebrand factor, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and vascular endothelial cadherin message, and in protein and cord formation on Matrigel. FGF and VEGF stimulated ASC migration and increased the attachment and retention after seeding onto a matrix graft of small intestinal submucosa. Blockade of FGF signaling with PD173074 abrogated ASC endothelial cell differentiation potential. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that FGF and VEGF are ASC promoters for proliferation, migration, attachment, and endothelial differentiation. FGF and VEGF have a costimulatory effect on ASC endotheliogenesis. These results further suggest that ASCs with enhanced FGF signaling may potentially be used for tissue engineering and cell-based therapies in patients with critical limb ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Khan
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ
| | - Miguel A Villalobos
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ
| | - Rachel L Choron
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ
| | - Shaohua Chang
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ
| | - Spencer A Brown
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ
| | - Jeffrey P Carpenter
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ
| | - Thomas N Tulenko
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ.
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181
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Park GC, Song JS, Park HY, Shin SC, Jang JY, Lee JC, Wang SG, Lee BJ, Jung JS. Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor-5 on the Proliferation of Human Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:1149-60. [PMID: 27224250 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising tool for therapeutic applications in cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine, and MSCs from the human palatine tonsils have recently been used as a new tissue source. However, the understanding of the proliferation and differentiation capacity of tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSCs) is limited. In this study, we compared the proliferative potential of T-MSCs with those of bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (A-MSCs). Additionally, we investigated the underlying mechanism of T-MSC function. We showed that T-MSCs proliferated faster than A-MSCs and BM-MSCs in methylthiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assays, cell count assays, and cell cycle distribution analyses. DNA microarray and real-time PCR analyses revealed that the expression of fibroblast growth factor-5 (FGF5) was significantly elevated in T-MSCs compared with those in A-MSCs and BM-MSCs. Cell growth curves showed a difference in cell growth between untreated cells and siFGF5-treated T-MSCs. The administration of recombinant human FGF5 (rhFGF5) to the cells transfected with siFGF5 led to a significant increase in the proliferation rates. The administration of rhFGF5 to T-MSCs led to an increase in the levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2. However, treatment with siFGF5 resulted in an overall decrease in the level of phosphorylated ERK1/2. The osteogenic differentiation of T-MSCs was reduced following siFGF5 transfection, and it recovered to near-normal levels when rhFGF5 was added. These findings indicate that T-MSCs show significantly higher proliferative potential compared with those of BM-MSCs and A-MSCs. FGF5 facilitates cell proliferation through ERK1/2 activation, and it influences the osteogenic differentiation of T-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Cheol Park
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Changwon, Korea
| | - Ji Sun Song
- 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea
| | - Hee-Young Park
- 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea
| | - Sung-Chan Shin
- 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea
| | - Jeon Yeob Jang
- 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea
| | - Jin-Choon Lee
- 3 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Soo-Geun Wang
- 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Lee
- 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea
| | - Jin-Sup Jung
- 4 Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University , Yangsan, Korea
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182
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Blanquer SB, Gebraad AW, Miettinen S, Poot AA, Grijpma DW, Haimi SP. Differentiation of adipose stem cells seeded towards annulus fibrosus cells on a designed poly(trimethylene carbonate) scaffold prepared by stereolithography. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:2752-2762. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien B.G. Blanquer
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology; University of Twente; Enschede the Netherlands
- Collaborative Research Partner Annulus Fibrosus Rupture Program of AO Foundation; Davos Switzerland
| | - Arjen W.H. Gebraad
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology; University of Twente; Enschede the Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Clinicum; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology (BioMediTech); University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - André A. Poot
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology; University of Twente; Enschede the Netherlands
- Collaborative Research Partner Annulus Fibrosus Rupture Program of AO Foundation; Davos Switzerland
| | - Dirk W. Grijpma
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology; University of Twente; Enschede the Netherlands
- Collaborative Research Partner Annulus Fibrosus Rupture Program of AO Foundation; Davos Switzerland
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute; Department of Biomedical Engineering; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - Suvi P. Haimi
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology; University of Twente; Enschede the Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Clinicum; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
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183
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Yong KW, Wan Safwani WKZ, Xu F, Wan Abas WAB, Choi JR, Pingguan-Murphy B. Cryopreservation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Clinical Applications: Current Methods and Challenges. Biopreserv Biobank 2016; 13:231-9. [PMID: 26280501 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2014.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold many advantages over embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and other somatic cells in clinical applications. MSCs are multipotent cells with strong immunosuppressive properties. They can be harvested from various locations in the human body (e.g., bone marrow and adipose tissues). Cryopreservation represents an efficient method for the preservation and pooling of MSCs, to obtain the cell counts required for clinical applications, such as cell-based therapies and regenerative medicine. Upon cryopreservation, it is important to preserve MSCs functional properties including immunomodulatory properties and multilineage differentiation ability. Further, a biosafety evaluation of cryopreserved MSCs is essential prior to their clinical applications. However, the existing cryopreservation methods for MSCs are associated with notable limitations, leading to a need for new or improved methods to be established for a more efficient application of cryopreserved MSCs in stem cell-based therapies. We review the important parameters for cryopreservation of MSCs and the existing cryopreservation methods for MSCs. Further, we also discuss the challenges to be addressed in order to preserve MSCs effectively for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kar Wey Yong
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia .,2 Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | | | - Feng Xu
- 2 Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, P.R. China .,3 The Key Library of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jane Ru Choi
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia .,2 Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Belinda Pingguan-Murphy
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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184
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Emmerson SJ, Gargett CE. Endometrial mesenchymal stem cells as a cell based therapy for pelvic organ prolapse. World J Stem Cells 2016; 8:202-215. [PMID: 27247705 PMCID: PMC4877564 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i5.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) occurs when the pelvic organs (bladder, bowel or uterus) herniate into the vagina, causing incontinence, voiding, bowel and sexual dysfunction, negatively impacting upon a woman’s quality of life. POP affects 25% of all women and results from childbirth injury. For 19% of all women, surgical reconstructive surgery is required for treatment, often augmented with surgical mesh. The surgical treatment fails in up to 30% of cases or results in adverse effects, such as pain and mesh erosion into the bladder, bowel or vagina. Due to these complications the Food and Drug Administration cautioned against the use of vaginal mesh and several major brands have been recently been withdrawn from market. In this review we will discuss new cell-based approaches being developed for the treatment of POP. Several cell types have been investigated in animal models, including a new source of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) derived from human endometrium. The unique characteristics of endometrial MSC, methods for their isolation and purification and steps towards their development for good manufacturing practice production will be described. Animal models that could be used to examine the potential for this approach will also be discussed as will a rodent model showing promise in developing an endometrial MSC-based therapy for POP. The development of a preclinical large animal model for assessing tissue engineering constructs for treating POP will also be mentioned.
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185
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Bajek A, Gurtowska N, Olkowska J, Kazmierski L, Maj M, Drewa T. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells as a Tool in Cell-Based Therapies. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2016; 64:443-454. [PMID: 27178663 PMCID: PMC5085986 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-016-0394-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent development in stem cell isolation methods and expansion under laboratory conditions create an opportunity to use those aforementioned cells in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Particular attention is drawn towards mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) being multipotent progenitors exhibiting several unique characteristics, including high proliferation potential, self-renewal abilities and multilineage differentiation into cells of mesodermal and non-mesodermal origin. High abundance of MSCs found in adipose tissue makes it a very attractive source of adult stem cells for further use in regenerative medicine applications. Despite immunomodulating properties of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and a secretion of a wide variety of paracrine factors that facilitate tissue regeneration, effectiveness of stem cell therapy was not supported by the results of clinical trials. Lack of a single, universal stem cell marker, patient-to-patient variability, heterogeneity of ASC population combined with multiple widely different protocols of cell isolation and expansion hinder the ability to precisely identify and analyze biological properties of stem cells. The above issues contribute to conflicting data reported in literature. We will review the comprehensive information concerning characteristic features of ASCs. We will also review the regenerative potential and clinical application based on various clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bajek
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Karłowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Natalia Gurtowska
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Karłowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Joanna Olkowska
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Karłowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Lukasz Kazmierski
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Karłowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Maj
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Karłowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Drewa
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Karłowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland.,Department of Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Torun, Poland
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186
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Niyaz M, Gürpınar ÖA, Oktar GL, Günaydın S, Onur MA, Özsin KK, Yener A. Effects of VEGF and MSCs on vascular regeneration in a trauma model in rats. Wound Repair Regen 2016; 23:262-7. [PMID: 25754793 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In the human body, vascular injuries that are caused by trauma, vessel lumen stenosis, and occlusions are often irreversible and can lead to sequelae formation as the vessels cannot reproduce fast enough. To solve this problem, the blood flow must be returned to the region as fast as possible. The adipose tissue contains progenitor cells with angiogenic potential and can be used to resolve the issue. In the present study, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from rat adipose tissue, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and their mixture were applied on the dorsum of a rat, which was traumatized and its contribution to vascular regeneration was reviewed. No application was made to the control group. The results showed that the percentage of necrotic area was significantly lower in the MSC group than that of all the other groups. When the VEGF group was compared to the VEGF + MSCs, the percentage of necrotic area was observed to be similiar. However, VEGF showed effects only when a large quantites of VEGF was applied to the flap area. VEGF could not fully respond to the needs, whereas MSCs can produce VEGF according to the needs of tissue. This makes them superior to stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Niyaz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Muş State Hospital, Muş, Turkey
| | - Özer Aylin Gürpınar
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gürsel Levent Oktar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serdar Günaydın
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medline Eskişehir Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Onur
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kadir Kaan Özsin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Bursa Training and Reseach Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ali Yener
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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187
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Trumbull A, Subramanian G, Yildirim-Ayan E. Mechanoresponsive musculoskeletal tissue differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells. Biomed Eng Online 2016; 15:43. [PMID: 27103394 PMCID: PMC4840975 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-016-0150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal tissues are constantly under mechanical strains within their microenvironment. Yet, little is understood about the effect of in vivo mechanical milieu strains on cell development and function. Thus, this review article outlines the in vivo mechanical environment of bone, muscle, cartilage, tendon, and ligaments, and tabulates the mechanical strain and stress in these tissues during physiological condition, vigorous, and moderate activities. This review article further discusses the principles of mechanical loading platforms to create physiologically relevant mechanical milieu in vitro for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration. A special emphasis is placed on adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) as an emerging valuable tool for regenerative musculoskeletal tissue engineering, as they are easily isolated, expanded, and able to differentiate into any musculoskeletal tissue. Finally, it highlights the current state-of-the art in ADSCs-guided musculoskeletal tissue regeneration under mechanical loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Trumbull
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Gayathri Subramanian
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Eda Yildirim-Ayan
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
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188
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Transplantation of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells promotes the survival of venous-congested skin flaps in rabbit ear. Cell Biochem Biophys 2016; 71:557-63. [PMID: 25190589 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Venous congestion after skin flap transplantation usually slows blood flow velocity and induces skin flap necrosis and surgical failure. Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) can promote neovascularization and have been extensively applied in cell transplantation therapy and tissue regeneration. However, their function has not been reported in venous-congested skin flaps. In this study, rabbit ADSCs were isolated and identified. We established a rabbit ear venous-congested skin flap model and injected ADSCs into points along the midlines of skin flaps. The survival conditions of venous-congested skin flaps on postoperative day 7 showed that there was obvious swelling, hemorrhage, or necrosis in skin flaps of the control group, while the skin flap survival rate in the ADSC treatment group significantly increased. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining results indicated that compared with the control group, thrombosis was significantly relieved and neovascularization was observed in the ADSC treatment group. Immunofluorescence revealed that the CD34 expression level and the number of capillaries significantly increased in the ADSC treatment group. In summary, ADSC transplantation promotes neovascularization in venous-congested skin flaps and skin flap survival. Therefore, ADSC transplantation may be an effective measure for promoting the survival of venous-congested skin flaps.
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189
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Chen YJ, Liu HY, Chang YT, Cheng YH, Mersmann HJ, Kuo WH, Ding ST. Isolation and Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Porcine Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues. J Vis Exp 2016:e53886. [PMID: 27077225 PMCID: PMC4841321 DOI: 10.3791/53886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an unconstrained worldwide epidemic. Unraveling molecular controls in adipose tissue development holds promise to treat obesity or diabetes. Although numerous immortalized adipogenic cell lines have been established, adipose-derived stem cells from the stromal vascular fraction of subcutaneous white adipose tissues provide a reliable cellular system ex vivo much closer to adipose development in vivo. Pig adipose-derived stem cells (pADSC) are isolated from 7- to 9-day old piglets. The dorsal white fat depot of porcine subcutaneous adipose tissues is sliced, minced and collagenase digested. These pADSC exhibit strong potential to differentiate into adipocytes. Moreover, the pADSC also possess multipotency, assessed by selective stem cell markers, to differentiate into various mesenchymal cell types including adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. These pADSC can be used for clarification of molecular switches in regulating classical adipocyte differentiation or in direction to other mesenchymal cell types of mesodermal origin. Furthermore, extended lineages into cells of ectodermal and endodermal origin have recently been achieved. Therefore, pADSC derived in this protocol provide an abundant and assessable source of adult mesenchymal stem cells with full multipotency for studying adipose development and application to tissue engineering of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University; Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University
| | - Hui-Yu Liu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University
| | - Yun-Tsui Chang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University
| | - Ying-Hung Cheng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University
| | - Harry J Mersmann
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University
| | - Wen-Hung Kuo
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine
| | - Shih-Torng Ding
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University; Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University;
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190
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Foroglou P, Karathanasis V, Demiri E, Koliakos G, Papadakis M. Role of adipose-derived stromal cells in pedicle skin flap survival in experimental animal models. World J Stem Cells 2016; 8:101-5. [PMID: 27022440 PMCID: PMC4807308 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i3.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of skin flaps in reconstructive surgery is the first-line surgical treatment for the reconstruction of skin defects and is essentially considered the starting point of plastic surgery. Despite their excellent usability, their application includes general surgical risks or possible complications, the primary and most common is necrosis of the flap. To improve flap survival, researchers have used different methods, including the use of adipose-derived stem cells, with significant positive results. In our research we will report the use of adipose-derived stem cells in pedicle skin flap survival based on current literature on various experimental models in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pericles Foroglou
- Pericles Foroglou, Vasileios Karathanasis, Efterpi Demiri, Department of Plastic Surgery, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasileios Karathanasis
- Pericles Foroglou, Vasileios Karathanasis, Efterpi Demiri, Department of Plastic Surgery, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efterpi Demiri
- Pericles Foroglou, Vasileios Karathanasis, Efterpi Demiri, Department of Plastic Surgery, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Koliakos
- Pericles Foroglou, Vasileios Karathanasis, Efterpi Demiri, Department of Plastic Surgery, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Pericles Foroglou, Vasileios Karathanasis, Efterpi Demiri, Department of Plastic Surgery, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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191
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Vahedi P, Soleimanirad J, Roshangar L, Shafaei H, Jarolmasjed S, Nozad Charoudeh H. Advantages of Sheep Infrapatellar Fat Pad Adipose Tissue Derived Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering. Adv Pharm Bull 2016; 6:105-10. [PMID: 27123425 PMCID: PMC4845544 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2016.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study has been to evaluate adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs) from infrapatellar fat pad and characterize their cell surface markers using anti-human antibodies, as adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs) have great potential for cellular therapies to restore injured tissues. METHODS Adipose tissue was obtained from infrapatellar fat pad of sheep. Surface markers evaluated by flow cytometry. In order to evaluate cell adhesion, the Polycaprolactone (PCL) was sterilized under Ultraviolet (UV) light and about 1×10(5) cells were seeded on PCL. Then, ASCs- PCL construct were evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (Mira3 Te Scan, Czech Republic). RESULTS We showed that adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs) maintain their fibroblastic-like morphology during different subcultures and cell adhesion. They were positive for CD44 and CD90 markers and negative for CD31 and Cd45 markers by human antibodies. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that ASCs surface markers can be characterized by anti-human antibodies in sheep. As stem cells, they can be used in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Vahedi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Department of Anatomical Sciences, Maragheh Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Jafar Soleimanirad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Stem Cell Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Stem Cell Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajar Shafaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyedhosein Jarolmasjed
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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192
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Vuornos K, Björninen M, Talvitie E, Paakinaho K, Kellomäki M, Huhtala H, Miettinen S, Seppänen-Kaijansinkko R, Haimi S. Human Adipose Stem Cells Differentiated on Braided Polylactide Scaffolds Is a Potential Approach for Tendon Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:513-23. [PMID: 26919401 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing number of musculoskeletal defects increases the demand for engineered tendon. Our aim was to find an efficient strategy to produce tendon-like matrix in vitro. To allow efficient differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs) toward tendon tissue, we tested different medium compositions, biomaterials, and scaffold structures in preliminary tests. This is the first study to report that medium supplementation with 50 ng/mL of growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) and 280 μM l-ascorbic acid are essential for tenogenic differentiation of hASCs. Tenogenic medium (TM) was shown to significantly enhance tendon-like matrix production of hASCs compared to other tested media groups. Cell adhesion, proliferation, and tenogenic differentiation of hASCs were supported on braided poly(l/d)lactide (PLA) 96l/4d copolymer filament scaffolds in TM condition compared to foamed poly(l-lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone) (PLCL) 70L/30CL scaffolds. A uniform cell layer formed on braided PLA 96/4 scaffolds when hASCs were cultured in TM compared to maintenance medium (MM) condition after 14 days of culture. Furthermore, total collagen content and gene expression of tenogenic marker genes were significantly higher in TM condition after 2 weeks of culture. The elastic modulus of PLA 96/4 scaffold was more similar to the elastic modulus reported for native Achilles tendon. Our study showed that the optimized TM is needed for efficient and rapid in vitro tenogenic extracellular matrix production of hASCs. PLA 96/4 scaffolds together with TM significantly stimulated hASCs, thus demonstrating the potential clinical relevance of this novel and emerging approach to tendon injury treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Vuornos
- 1 Adult Stem Cells, BioMediTech, University of Tampere , Tampere, Finland .,2 Science Center, Tampere University Hospital , Tampere, Finland
| | - Miina Björninen
- 1 Adult Stem Cells, BioMediTech, University of Tampere , Tampere, Finland .,2 Science Center, Tampere University Hospital , Tampere, Finland
| | - Elina Talvitie
- 3 Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, BioMediTech, Tampere University of Technology , Tampere, Finland
| | - Kaarlo Paakinaho
- 3 Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, BioMediTech, Tampere University of Technology , Tampere, Finland
| | - Minna Kellomäki
- 3 Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, BioMediTech, Tampere University of Technology , Tampere, Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- 4 Tampere School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere , Tampere, Finland
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- 1 Adult Stem Cells, BioMediTech, University of Tampere , Tampere, Finland .,2 Science Center, Tampere University Hospital , Tampere, Finland
| | - Riitta Seppänen-Kaijansinkko
- 5 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland .,6 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Suvi Haimi
- 5 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland .,7 Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, University of Twente , Enschede, The Netherlands
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193
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Applications. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:6737345. [PMID: 27057174 PMCID: PMC4761677 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6737345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are a mesenchymal stem cell source with properties of self-renewal and multipotential differentiation. Compared to bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs), ASCs can be derived from more sources and are harvested more easily. Three-dimensional (3D) tissue engineering scaffolds are better able to mimic the in vivo cellular microenvironment, which benefits the localization, attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of ASCs. Therefore, tissue-engineered ASCs are recognized as an attractive substitute for tissue and organ transplantation. In this paper, we review the characteristics of ASCs, as well as the biomaterials and tissue engineering methods used to proliferate and differentiate ASCs in a 3D environment. Clinical applications of tissue-engineered ASCs are also discussed to reveal the potential and feasibility of using tissue-engineered ASCs in regenerative medicine.
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194
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Fodor PB, Paulseth SG. Adipose Derived Stromal Cell (ADSC) Injections for Pain Management of Osteoarthritis in the Human Knee Joint. Aesthet Surg J 2016; 36:229-36. [PMID: 26238455 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjv135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This safety and feasibility study used autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular cells (the stromal vascular fraction [SVF] of adipose tissue), to treat 8 osteoarthritic knees in 6 patients of grade I to III (K-L scale) with initial pain of 4 or greater on a 10-point Visual Analog Scale (VAS). OBJECTIVES The primary objective of the study was evaluation of the safety of intra-articular injection of SVF. The secondary objective was to assess initial feasibility for reduction of pain in osteoarthritic knees. METHODS Adipose-derived SVF cells were obtained through enzymatic disaggregation of lipoaspirate, resuspension in 3 mL of Lactated Ringer's Solution, and injection directly into the intra-articular space of the knee, with a mean of 14.1 million viable, nucleated SVF cells per knee. Metrics included monitoring of adverse events and preoperative to postoperative changes in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), the VAS pain scale, range of motion (ROM), timed up-and-go (TUG), and MRI. RESULTS No infections, acute pain flares, or other adverse events were reported. At 3-months postoperative, there was a statistically significant improvement in WOMAC and VAS scores (P < .02 and P < .001, respectively), which was maintained at 1 year. Physical therapy measurements for ROM and TUG both improved from preoperative to 3-months postoperative. Standard MRI assessment from preoperative to 3-months postoperative showed no detectable structural differences. All patients attained full activity with decreased knee pain. CONCLUSIONS Autologous SVF was shown to be safe and to present a new potential therapy for reduction of pain for osteoarthritis of the knee. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4: Therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Fodor
- Dr Fodor is an Associate Clinical Professor of Plastic Surgery, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Dr Paulseth is an Adjunct Instructor of Clinical Physical Therapy, Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Stephen G Paulseth
- Dr Fodor is an Associate Clinical Professor of Plastic Surgery, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Dr Paulseth is an Adjunct Instructor of Clinical Physical Therapy, Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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195
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Fotia C, Massa A, Boriani F, Baldini N, Granchi D. Prolonged exposure to hypoxic milieu improves the osteogenic potential of adipose derived stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:1442-53. [PMID: 25648991 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been widely used in orthopedics for several applications. Conventionally, MSC are maintained under 21% O2 which does not reflect the real O2 tension in vivo. Recently, it was reported that different O2 conditions can give different cellular responses. Here, we investigated whether prolonged exposure to hypoxia affects the osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC). ASC from six individuals were cultured under "low" (2-3%) or "air" (21%) oxygen tensions, either without or with osteogenic stimuli. The effect of the O2 tension was evaluated on cell proliferation, surface antigens, stemness and bone-related genes expression, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), mineralization activity, and release of osteogenic growth factors. Without differentiating stimuli, hypoxia favored ASC proliferation, reduced the number of CD184+ and CD34+ cells, and preserved the expression of NANOG and SOX2. The combination of hypoxia and osteogenic medium induced a high proliferation rate, a rapid and more pronounced mineralization activity, a higher expression of genes related to the MSC differentiation, a higher release of mitogenic growth factors (bFGF, PDGF-BB), and the decrease in TGF-β secretion, an inhibitor of the early stage of the osteoblast differentiation. We demonstrated that hypoxia acts dually, favoring ASC proliferation and the maintenance of the stemness in the absence of osteogenic stimuli, but inducing the differentiation in a bone-like microenvironment. In conclusion, prolonged cell culture in hypoxic microenvironment represents a proper method to modulate the stem cell function that may be used in several applications, for example, studies on bone pathophysiology or bone-tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Fotia
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annamaria Massa
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Filippo Boriani
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Granchi
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
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196
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Chi K, Fu RH, Huang YC, Chen SY, Lin SZ, Huang PC, Lin PC, Chang FK, Liu SP. Therapeutic Effect of Ligustilide-Stimulated Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in a Mouse Thromboembolic Stroke Model. Cell Transplant 2016; 25:899-912. [PMID: 26787228 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x690539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a result of cerebral ischemia that triggers a cascade of both physiological and biochemical events. No effective treatment is available for stroke; however, stem cells have the potential to rescue tissue from the effects of stroke. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are an abundant source of adult stem cells; therefore, ADSC therapy can be considered as a future strategy for regenerative medicine. However, more research is required to improve the effectiveness of transplanted ADSCs as a treatment for stroke in the mouse stroke model. Ligustilide, isolated from the herb Angelica sinensis, exhibits a protective effect on neurons and inhibits inflammation. We also demonstrated that ligustilide treatment increases the expression levels of homing factors such as SDF-1 and CXCR4. In the present study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of ADSC transplantation and ligustilide treatment in a mouse thromboembolic stroke model by behavioral tests, including beam walking, locomotor activity, and rotarod analysis. ADSCs pretreated with ligustilide were transplanted into the brains of stroke mice. The results showed that the therapeutic effect of ADSCs pretreated with ligustilide was better than that of ADSCs without ligustilide pretreatment. There was no difference between the recovery of mice treated by ADSC transplantation combined with subcutaneous ligustilide injection and that of mice treated only with ADSCs. The TUNEL assay showed fewer apoptotic cells in the brains of mice transplanted with ADSCs pretreated with ligustilide as well as in those without pretreatment. In summary, pretreatment of ADSCs with ligustilide improves the therapeutic efficacy of ADSC transplantation. The results of this study will help improve stem cell therapies being developed for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Chi
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, China
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197
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Yong KW, Choi JR, Wan Safwani WKZ. Biobanking of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Future Strategy to Facilitate Clinical Applications. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 951:99-110. [PMID: 27837557 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45457-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), a type of adult stem cells that hold great potential in clinical applications (e.g., regenerative medicine and cell-based therapy) due to their ability to differentiate into multiple types of specialized cells and secrete soluble factors which can initiate tissue repair and regulate immune response. hMSCs need to be expanded in vitro or cryopreserved to obtain sufficient cell numbers required for clinical applications. However, long-term in vitro culture-expanded hMSCs may raise some biosafety concerns (e.g., chromosomal abnormality and malignant transformation) and compromised functional properties, limiting their use in clinical applications. To avoid those adverse effects, it is essential to cryopreserve hMSCs at early passage and pool them for off-the-shelf use in clinical applications. However, the existing cryopreservation methods for hMSCs have some notable limitations. To address these limitations, several approaches have to be taken in order to produce healthy and efficacious cryopreserved hMSCs for clinical trials, which remains challenging to date. Therefore, a noteworthy amount of resources has been utilized in research in optimization of the cryopreservation methods, development of freezing devices, and formulation of cryopreservation media to ensure that hMSCs maintain their therapeutic characteristics without raising biosafety concerns following cryopreservation. Biobanking of hMSCs would be a crucial strategy to facilitate clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kar Wey Yong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jane Ru Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Kamarul Zaman Wan Safwani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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198
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Alleviate Radiation-Induced Muscular Fibrosis by Suppressing the Expression of TGF-β1. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:5638204. [PMID: 26649050 PMCID: PMC4663335 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5638204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We aim to investigate the effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) transplantation on irradiation-induced skeletal muscle fibrosis. Sixty-four rabbits were randomly divided into ASCs group and PBS group followed by irradiation at unilateral hip with a single dose of 80 Gy. Nonirradiated side with normal skeletal muscle served as normal control. Skeletal muscle tissues were collected from eight rabbits in each group at 1 w, 4 w, 8 w, and 26 w after irradiation. Migration of ASCs was observed in the peripheral tissues along the needle passage in the injured muscle. The proportion of the area of collagen fibers to the total area in sections of ASCs group was lower than those of PBS groups at 4 w, 8 w, and 26 w after irradiation. Significant decrease was noted in the integrated optimal density of the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in the ASCs group compared with those of PBS group at 4 w, 8 w, and 26 w after irradiation. Moreover, the expression of TGF-β1 was lower in the ASCs group compared to those of the PBS group at each time point determined by Western blot analysis. ASCs transplantation could alleviate irradiation fibrosis by suppressing the level of TGF-β1 in the irradiated skeletal muscle.
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199
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Rammal H, Harmouch C, Lataillade JJ, Laurent-Maquin D, Labrude P, Menu P, Kerdjoudj H. Stem cells: a promising source for vascular regenerative medicine. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 23:2931-49. [PMID: 25167472 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The rising and diversity of many human vascular diseases pose urgent needs for the development of novel therapeutics. Stem cell therapy represents a challenge in the medicine of the twenty-first century, an area where tissue engineering and regenerative medicine gather to provide promising treatments for a wide variety of diseases. Indeed, with their extensive regeneration potential and functional multilineage differentiation capacity, stem cells are now highlighted as promising cell sources for regenerative medicine. Their multilineage differentiation involves environmental factors such as biochemical, extracellular matrix coating, oxygen tension, and mechanical forces. In this review, we will focus on human stem cell sources and their applications in vascular regeneration. We will also discuss the different strategies used for their differentiation into both mature and functional smooth muscle and endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rammal
- 1 UMR 7365, Biopôle, Faculté de Médecine, CNRS-Université de Lorraine , Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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200
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Ribeiro TB, Duarte ASS, Longhini ALF, Pradella F, Farias AS, Luzo ACM, Oliveira ALR, Olalla Saad ST. Neuroprotection and immunomodulation by xenografted human mesenchymal stem cells following spinal cord ventral root avulsion. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16167. [PMID: 26548646 PMCID: PMC4637826 DOI: 10.1038/srep16167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the effects of xenotransplantation of Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AT-MSCs) in animals after ventral root avulsion. AT-MSC has similar characteristics to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), such as immunomodulatory properties and expression of neurotrophic factors. In this study, Lewis rats were submitted to surgery for unilateral avulsion of the lumbar ventral roots and received 5 × 10(5) AT-MSCs via the lateral funiculus. Two weeks after cell administration, the animals were sacrificed and the moto neurons, T lymphocytes and cell defense nervous system were analyzed. An increased neuronal survival and partial preservation of synaptophysin-positive nerve terminals, related to GDNF and BDNF expression of AT-MSCs, and reduction of pro-inflammatory reaction were observed. In conclusion, AT-MSCs prevent second phase neuronal injury, since they suppressed lymphocyte, astroglia and microglia effects, which finally contributed to rat motor-neuron survival and synaptic stability of the lesioned motor-neuron. Moreover, the survival of the injected AT- MSCs lasted for at least 14 days. These results indicate that neuronal survival after lesion, followed by mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration, might occur through cytokine release and immunomodulation, thus suggesting that AT-MSCs are promising cells for the therapy of neuronal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago B. Ribeiro
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana S. S. Duarte
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Leda F. Longhini
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Neuroimmunomodulation Group, Dept. Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernando Pradella
- Neuroimmunomodulation Group, Dept. Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alessandro S. Farias
- Neuroimmunomodulation Group, Dept. Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Angela C. M. Luzo
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre L. R. Oliveira
- Dept. of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sara Teresinha Olalla Saad
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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