151
|
Chen MB, Kamm RD, Moeendarbary E. Engineered Models of Metastasis with Application to Study Cancer Biomechanics. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1092:189-207. [PMID: 30368754 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-95294-9_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional complex biomechanical interactions occur from the initial steps of tumor formation to the later phases of cancer metastasis. Conventional monolayer cultures cannot recapitulate the complex microenvironment and chemical and mechanical cues that tumor cells experience during their metastatic journey, nor the complexity of their interactions with other, noncancerous cells. As alternative approaches, various engineered models have been developed to recapitulate specific features of each step of metastasis with tunable microenvironments to test a variety of mechanistic hypotheses. Here the main recent advances in the technologies that provide deeper insight into the process of cancer dissemination are discussed, with an emphasis on three-dimensional and mechanical factors as well as interactions between multiple cell types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle B Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Emad Moeendarbary
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
Geetha Bai R, Muthoosamy K, Manickam S, Hilal-Alnaqbi A. Graphene-based 3D scaffolds in tissue engineering: fabrication, applications, and future scope in liver tissue engineering. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5753-5783. [PMID: 31413573 PMCID: PMC6662516 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s192779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering embraces the potential of recreating and replacing defective body parts by advancements in the medical field. Being a biocompatible nanomaterial with outstanding physical, chemical, optical, and biological properties, graphene-based materials were successfully employed in creating the perfect scaffold for a range of organs, starting from the skin through to the brain. Investigations on 2D and 3D tissue culture scaffolds incorporated with graphene or its derivatives have revealed the capability of this carbon material in mimicking in vivo environment. The porous morphology, great surface area, selective permeability of gases, excellent mechanical strength, good thermal and electrical conductivity, good optical properties, and biodegradability enable graphene materials to be the best component for scaffold engineering. Along with the apt microenvironment, this material was found to be efficient in differentiating stem cells into specific cell types. Furthermore, the scope of graphene nanomaterials in liver tissue engineering as a promising biomaterial is also discussed. This review critically looks into the unlimited potential of graphene-based nanomaterials in future tissue engineering and regenerative therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renu Geetha Bai
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (NATAM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Kasturi Muthoosamy
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (NATAM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (NATAM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Ali Hilal-Alnaqbi
- Electromechanical Technology, Abu Dhabi Polytechnic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Thakuri PS, Gupta M, Joshi R, Singh S, Tavana H. Synergistic Inhibition of Kinase Pathways Overcomes Resistance of Colorectal Cancer Spheroids to Cyclic Targeted Therapies. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2019; 2:275-284. [PMID: 32259061 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells often adapt to single-agent treatments with chemotherapeutics. Activation of alternative survival pathways is a major mechanism of drug resistance. A potential approach to block this feedback signaling is using combination treatments of a pair of drugs, although toxicity has been a limiting factor. Preclinical tumor models to identify mechanisms of drug resistance and determine low but effective combination doses are critical to effectively suppress tumor growth with reduced toxicity to patients. Using our aqueous two-phase system microtechnology, we developed colorectal tumor spheroids in high-throughput and evaluated resistance of cancer cells to three mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors (MAPKi) in long-term cyclic treatments. Our quantitative analysis showed that the efficacy of MAPKi significantly reduced over time, leading to an increase in proliferation of HCT116 colorectal cancer cells and growth of spheroids. We established that resistance was due to feedback activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Using high-throughput, dose-dependent combinations of each MAPKi and a PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, we identified low-dose, synergistic combinations that blocked resistance to MAPKi and effectively suppressed the growth of colorectal tumor spheroids in long-term treatments. Our approach to study drug resistance offers the potential to determine high priority treatments to test in animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Shahi Thakuri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Megha Gupta
- Department of Arts and Sciences, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Ramila Joshi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Sunil Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Hossein Tavana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Dong Z, Zhang H, Gong X, Wei W, Lv Y, Chen Z, Wang R, Yi J, Shen Y, Jin S. The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Neuropilin 1-Induced Radiation Resistance in Lung Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2019; 10:4017-4030. [PMID: 31417646 PMCID: PMC6692609 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) is a pleiotropic receptor which can interact with multiple ligands and their receptors. It plays an important role in the process of axonal growth, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis and radiation resistance in endothelial cells and some tumor cells. Interaction of stromal and tumor cells plays a dynamic role in initiating and enhancing carcinogenesis, and has received considerable attention in recent years. Material and Methods: In this study, A549 lung cancer cell lines with different NRP1 expression levels were constructed in vitro, a two-dimensional (2D), three-dimensional (3D) co-culture system and tumor-bearing model was established in SCID mice. Western blot, qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence, cytometric bead array and flow cytometry were used to investigate the effect of the tumor microenvironment in NRP1-induced lung cancer cell radiation resistance. Results: In 2D or 3D co-culture system, NRP1 could be regulated inflammatory factors such as TNF, IL-6 IL-8 and IL-17 and the related chemokines MCP-1, IP-10 and RANTES in the tumor microenvironment, which in turn induced radiation resistance in lung cancer cells. In addition, different expression levels of NRP1 in 2D, 3D culture systems and tumor-bearing models were able to significantly regulate cell phenotype, proliferative capacity, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the radiation resistance of A549 cells. Conclusion: Our results verified that NRP1, inflammatory factors, chemokines and related signaling pathways, which affect the transformation of related cell components and thus lung cancer cell immune tolerance and migratory ability, all play an important role in radiation resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Department of Prosthodontics Dentistry, The Stomatology Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xinkou Gong
- Department of Radiology, The 2 nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wei Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yahui Lv
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Rui Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Junxuan Yi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yannan Shen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shunzi Jin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| |
Collapse
|
155
|
Luo T, Han J, Zhao F, Pan X, Tian B, Ding X, Zhang J. Redox-sensitive micelles based on retinoic acid modified chitosan conjugate for intracellular drug delivery and smart drug release in cancer therapy. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 215:8-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
156
|
Bolck HA, Corrò C, Kahraman A, von Teichman A, Toussaint NC, Kuipers J, Chiovaro F, Koelzer VH, Pauli C, Moritz W, Bode PK, Rechsteiner M, Beerenwinkel N, Schraml P, Moch H. Tracing Clonal Dynamics Reveals that Two- and Three-dimensional Patient-derived Cell Models Capture Tumor Heterogeneity of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Eur Urol Focus 2019; 7:152-162. [PMID: 31266731 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive DNA sequencing has led to an unprecedented view of the diversity of individual genomes and their evolution among patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). OBJECTIVE To understand subclonal architecture and dynamics of patient-derived two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ccRCC models in vitro, in order to determine whether they mirror ccRCC inter- and intratumor heterogeneity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We have established a comprehensive platform of living renal cancer cell models from ccRCC surgical specimens. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS We confirmed the concordance of 2D and 3D patient-derived cell (PDC) models with the original tumor tissue in terms of histology, biomarker expression, cancer driver mutations, and copy number alterations. We addressed inter- and intrapatient heterogeneity by analyzing clonal dynamics during serial passaging. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS In-depth genetic characterization verified the presence of heterogeneous cell populations, and revealed a high degree of similarity between subclonal compositions of monolayer and organoid cell cultures and the corresponding parental ccRCCs. Clonal dynamics were evident during serial passaging of cells in vitro, suggesting that PDC cultures can offer insights into evolutionary potential and treatment susceptibility of ccRCC subclones in vivo. Proof-of-concept drug profiling using selected ccRCC-targeted therapy agents highlighted patient-specific vulnerabilities in PDC models that could not be anticipated by interrogating commercially available cell lines. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that PDC models mirror inter- and intratumor heterogeneity of ccRCC in vitro. Based on our findings, we envision that the use of these models will advance our understanding of the trajectories that cause genetic diversity and their consequences for treatment on an individual level. PATIENT SUMMARY In this study, we developed two- and three-dimensional patient-derived models from clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) as "mini-tumors in a dish." We show that these cell models retain important features of the human ccRCCs such as the profound tumor heterogeneity, thus highlighting their importance for cancer research and precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hella A Bolck
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Corrò
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Abdullah Kahraman
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adriana von Teichman
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nora C Toussaint
- NEXUS Personalized Health Technologies, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jack Kuipers
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Viktor H Koelzer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Pauli
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter K Bode
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Rechsteiner
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niko Beerenwinkel
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Schraml
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
157
|
Xue T, Jia X, Wang J, Xiang J, Wang W, Du J, He Y. “Turn‐On” Activatable AIE Dots for Tumor Hypoxia Imaging. Chemistry 2019; 25:9634-9638. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Xue
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Xiangqian Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jilei Wang
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jingyuan Xiang
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Juanjuan Du
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yaning He
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| |
Collapse
|
158
|
Zuppinger C. 3D Cardiac Cell Culture: A Critical Review of Current Technologies and Applications. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:87. [PMID: 31294032 PMCID: PMC6606697 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is often mentioned in the context of regenerative medicine, for example, for the replacement of ischemic myocardium with tissue-engineered muscle constructs. Additionally, 3D cell culture is used, although less commonly, in basic research, toxicology, and drug development. These applications have recently benefited from innovations in stem cell technologies allowing the mass-production of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes or other cardiovascular cells, and from new culturing methods including organ-on-chip and bioprinting technologies. On the analysis side, improved sensors, computer-assisted image analysis, and data collection techniques have lowered the bar for switching to 3D cell culture models. Nevertheless, 3D cell culture is not as widespread or standardized as traditional cell culture methods using monolayers of cells on flat surfaces. The many possibilities of 3D cell culture, but also its limitations, drawbacks and methodological pitfalls, are less well-known. This article reviews currently used cardiovascular 3D cell culture production methods and analysis techniques for the investigation of cardiotoxicity, in drug development and for disease modeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Zuppinger
- Cardiology, Department of Biomedical Research, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Baillargeon P, Shumate J, Hou S, Fernandez-Vega V, Marques N, Souza G, Seldin J, Spicer TP, Scampavia L. Automating a Magnetic 3D Spheroid Model Technology for High-Throughput Screening. SLAS Technol 2019; 24:420-428. [PMID: 31225974 DOI: 10.1177/2472630319854337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Affordable and physiologically relevant three-dimensional (3D) cell-based assays used in high-throughput screening (HTS) are on the rise in early drug discovery. These technologies have been aided by the recent adaptation of novel microplate treatments and spheroid culturing techniques. One such technology involves the use of nanoparticle (NanoShuttle-PL) labeled cells and custom magnetic drives to assist in cell aggregation to ensure rapid 3D structure formation after the cells have been dispensed into microtiter plates. Transitioning this technology from a low-throughput manual benchtop application, as previously published by our lab, into a robotically enabled format achieves orders of magnitude greater throughput but required the development of specialized support hardware. This effort included in-house development, fabrication, and testing of ancillary devices that assist robotic handing and high-precision placement of microtiter plates into an incubator embedded with magnetic drives. Utilizing a "rapid prototyping" approach facilitated by cloud-based computer-aided design software, we built the necessary components using hobby-grade 3D printers with turnaround times that rival those of traditional manufacturing/development practices at a substantially reduced cost. This approach culminated in a first-in-class HTS-compatible 3D system in which we have coupled 3D bioprinting to a fully automated HTS robotic platform utilizing our novel magnetic incubator shelf assemblies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Baillargeon
- 1 The Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Justin Shumate
- 1 The Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Shurong Hou
- 1 The Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA.,2 Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Virneliz Fernandez-Vega
- 1 The Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Nicholas Marques
- 1 The Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Timothy P Spicer
- 1 The Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Louis Scampavia
- 1 The Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
160
|
Mierke CT. The matrix environmental and cell mechanical properties regulate cell migration and contribute to the invasive phenotype of cancer cells. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2019; 82:064602. [PMID: 30947151 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ab1628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The minimal structural unit of a solid tumor is a single cell or a cellular compartment such as the nucleus. A closer look inside the cells reveals that there are functional compartments or even structural domains determining the overall properties of a cell such as the mechanical phenotype. The mechanical interaction of these living cells leads to the complex organization such as compartments, tissues and organs of organisms including mammals. In contrast to passive non-living materials, living cells actively respond to the mechanical perturbations occurring in their microenvironment during diseases such as fibrosis and cancer. The transformation of single cancer cells in highly aggressive and hence malignant cancer cells during malignant cancer progression encompasses the basement membrane crossing, the invasion of connective tissue, the stroma microenvironments and transbarrier migration, which all require the immediate interaction of the aggressive and invasive cancer cells with the surrounding extracellular matrix environment including normal embedded neighboring cells. All these steps of the metastatic pathway seem to involve mechanical interactions between cancer cells and their microenvironment. The pathology of cancer due to a broad heterogeneity of cancer types is still not fully understood. Hence it is necessary to reveal the signaling pathways such as mechanotransduction pathways that seem to be commonly involved in the development and establishment of the metastatic and mechanical phenotype in several carcinoma cells. We still do not know whether there exist distinct metastatic genes regulating the progression of tumors. These metastatic genes may then be activated either during the progression of cancer by themselves on their migration path or in earlier stages of oncogenesis through activated oncogenes or inactivated tumor suppressor genes, both of which promote the metastatic phenotype. In more detail, the adhesion of cancer cells to their surrounding stroma induces the generation of intracellular contraction forces that deform their microenvironments by alignment of fibers. The amplitude of these forces can adapt to the mechanical properties of the microenvironment. Moreover, the adhesion strength of cancer cells seems to determine whether a cancer cell is able to migrate through connective tissue or across barriers such as the basement membrane or endothelial cell linings of blood or lymph vessels in order to metastasize. In turn, exposure of adherent cancer cells to physical forces, such as shear flow in vessels or compression forces around tumors, reinforces cell adhesion, regulates cell contractility and restructures the ordering of the local stroma matrix that leads subsequently to secretion of crosslinking proteins or matrix degrading enzymes. Hence invasive cancer cells alter the mechanical properties of their microenvironment. From a mechanobiological point-of-view, the recognized physical signals are transduced into biochemical signaling events that guide cellular responses such as cancer progression after the malignant transition of cancer cells from an epithelial and non-motile phenotype to a mesenchymal and motile (invasive) phenotype providing cellular motility. This transition can also be described as the physical attempt to relate this cancer cell transitional behavior to a T1 phase transition such as the jamming to unjamming transition. During the invasion of cancer cells, cell adaptation occurs to mechanical alterations of the local stroma, such as enhanced stroma upon fibrosis, and therefore we need to uncover underlying mechano-coupling and mechano-regulating functional processes that reinforce the invasion of cancer cells. Moreover, these mechanisms may also be responsible for the awakening of dormant residual cancer cells within the microenvironment. Physicists were initially tempted to consider the steps of the cancer metastasis cascade as single events caused by a single mechanical alteration of the overall properties of the cancer cell. However, this general and simple view has been challenged by the finding that several mechanical properties of cancer cells and their microenvironment influence each other and continuously contribute to tumor growth and cancer progression. In addition, basement membrane crossing, cell invasion and transbarrier migration during cancer progression is explained in physical terms by applying physical principles on living cells regardless of their complexity and individual differences of cancer types. As a novel approach, the impact of the individual microenvironment surrounding cancer cells is also included. Moreover, new theories and models are still needed to understand why certain cancers are malignant and aggressive, while others stay still benign. However, due to the broad variety of cancer types, there may be various pathways solely suitable for specific cancer types and distinct steps in the process of cancer progression. In this review, physical concepts and hypotheses of cancer initiation and progression including cancer cell basement membrane crossing, invasion and transbarrier migration are presented and discussed from a biophysical point-of-view. In addition, the crosstalk between cancer cells and a chronically altered microenvironment, such as fibrosis, is discussed including the basic physical concepts of fibrosis and the cellular responses to mechanical stress caused by the mechanically altered microenvironment. Here, is highlighted how biophysical approaches, both experimentally and theoretically, have an impact on classical hallmarks of cancer and fibrosis and how they contribute to the understanding of the regulation of cancer and its progression by sensing and responding to the physical environmental properties through mechanotransduction processes. Finally, this review discusses various physical models of cell migration such as blebbing, nuclear piston, protrusive force and unjamming transition migration modes and how they contribute to cancer progression. Moreover, these cellular migration modes are influenced by microenvironmental perturbances such as fibrosis that can induce mechanical alterations in cancer cells, which in turn may impact the environment. Hence, the classical hallmarks of cancer need to be refined by including biomechanical properties of cells, cell clusters and tissues and their microenvironment to understand mechano-regulatory processes within cancer cells and the entire organism.
Collapse
|
161
|
Pulsed Electric Field Treatment Enhances the Cytotoxicity of Plasma-Activated Liquids in a Three-Dimensional Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7583. [PMID: 31110227 PMCID: PMC6527570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma and more recently, plasma-activated liquids (culture media, water or buffered solutions previously exposed to plasma), are gathering momentum in cancer cells treatment. Nevertheless, in vitro tests show that this novel approach is sometimes less efficient than expected. We here evaluate the mechanisms of action of the plasma-activated PBS and suggest to use electropermeabilization (EP) in combination with the plasma-activated phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), in order to potentiate the cytotoxic effect of the plasma activated liquid. Human multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS), a three-dimensional cell model, which resembles small avascular tumors, was used to define the optimal treatment conditions for single and dual-mode treatments. MCTS growth, viability, and global morphological changes were assessed by live cell video-microscopy. In addition, the induction of caspases activation, the appearance of DNA damages, and cell membrane permeabilization, as well as the early modifications in the cellular ultrastructure, were examined by immunofluorescence, propidium iodide staining, confocal fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Altogether, our results show that a combined treatment resulted in an earlier onset of DNA damage and caspases activation, which completely abolished MCTS growth. This report is a proof of concept study evidencing that electropermeabilization greatly potentiates the cytotoxic effect of plasma-activated PBS in vitro in a three-dimensional cancer cell model.
Collapse
|
162
|
Bregenzer ME, Horst EN, Mehta P, Novak CM, Raghavan S, Snyder CS, Mehta G. Integrated cancer tissue engineering models for precision medicine. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216564. [PMID: 31075118 PMCID: PMC6510431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors are not merely cancerous cells that undergo mindless proliferation. Rather, they are highly organized and interconnected organ systems. Tumor cells reside in complex microenvironments in which they are subjected to a variety of physical and chemical stimuli that influence cell behavior and ultimately the progression and maintenance of the tumor. As cancer bioengineers, it is our responsibility to create physiologic models that enable accurate understanding of the multi-dimensional structure, organization, and complex relationships in diverse tumor microenvironments. Such models can greatly expedite clinical discovery and translation by closely replicating the physiological conditions while maintaining high tunability and control of extrinsic factors. In this review, we discuss the current models that target key aspects of the tumor microenvironment and their role in cancer progression. In order to address sources of experimental variation and model limitations, we also make recommendations for methods to improve overall physiologic reproducibility, experimental repeatability, and rigor within the field. Improvements can be made through an enhanced emphasis on mathematical modeling, standardized in vitro model characterization, transparent reporting of methodologies, and designing experiments with physiological metrics. Taken together these considerations will enhance the relevance of in vitro tumor models, biological understanding, and accelerate treatment exploration ultimately leading to improved clinical outcomes. Moreover, the development of robust, user-friendly models that integrate important stimuli will allow for the in-depth study of tumors as they undergo progression from non-transformed primary cells to metastatic disease and facilitate translation to a wide variety of biological and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E. Bregenzer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Eric N. Horst
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Pooja Mehta
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Caymen M. Novak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Shreya Raghavan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Catherine S. Snyder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Geeta Mehta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Rogel Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
163
|
Jamieson LE, Harrison DJ, Campbell CJ. Raman spectroscopy investigation of biochemical changes in tumor spheroids with aging and after treatment with staurosporine. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800201. [PMID: 30246380 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing use of in vitro cell culture models that more realistically replicate the three-dimensional (3D) environment found in vivo. Multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS) using cell lines or patient-derived organoids have become an important in vitro drug development tool, where cells are grown in a 3D "sphere" that exhibits many of the characteristics found in vivo. Significantly, MTS develop gradients in nutrients and oxygen, commonly found in tumors that contribute to therapy resistance. While MTS show promise as a more realistic in vitro culture model, there is a massive need to improve imaging technologies for assessing biochemical characteristics and drug response in such models to maximize their translation into useful applications such as high throughput screening (HTS). In this study, we investigate the potential for Raman spectroscopy to unveil biochemical information in MTS and have investigated how spheroid age influences drug response, shedding light on increased therapy resistance in developing tumors. The wealth of molecular level information delivered by Raman spectroscopy in a noninvasive manner, could aid translation of these 3D models into HTS applications.
Collapse
|
164
|
Matsushita M, Mori Y, Uchiumi K, Ogata T, Nakamura M, Yoda H, Soda H, Takiguchi N, Nabeya Y, Shimozato O, Ozaki T. PTPRK suppresses progression and chemo-resistance of colon cancer cells via direct inhibition of pro-oncogenic CD133. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:935-946. [PMID: 30947381 PMCID: PMC6487712 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor‐type protein tyrosine phosphatase κ (PTPRK) is considered to be a candidate tumor suppressor. PTPRK dephosphorylates CD133, which is a stem cell marker; phosphorylated CD133 accelerates xenograft tumor growth of colon cancer cells through the activation of AKT, but the functional significance of this has remained elusive. In this study, we have demonstrated that knockdown of PTPRK potentiates the pro‐oncogenic CD133–AKT pathway in colon cancer cells. Intriguingly, depletion of PTPRK significantly reduced sensitivity to the anti‐cancer drug oxaliplatin and was accompanied by up‐regulation of phosphorylation of Bad, a downstream target of AKT. Together, our present observations strongly suggest that the CD133–PTPRK axis plays a pivotal role in the regulation of colon cancer progression as well as drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Matsushita
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mori
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan.,Laboratory of Oncogenomics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Uchiumi
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| | - Takehiro Ogata
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| | - Mizuyo Nakamura
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoda
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Soda
- Department of Esophago-Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Takiguchi
- Department of Esophago-Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nabeya
- Department of Esophago-Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Osamu Shimozato
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan.,Laboratory of Oncogenomics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| | - Toshinori Ozaki
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan.,Laboratory of Oncogenomics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
165
|
Lee IC. Cancer-on-a-chip for Drug Screening. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:5407-5418. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190206235233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
:
The oncology pharmaceutical research spent a shocking amount of money on target validation and
drug optimization in preclinical models because many oncology drugs fail during clinical trial phase III. One of
the most important reasons for oncology drug failures in clinical trials may due to the poor predictive tool of
existing preclinical models. Therefore, in cancer research and personalized medicine field, it is critical to improve
the effectiveness of preclinical predictions of the drug response of patients to therapies and to reduce costly failures
in clinical trials. Three dimensional (3D) tumor models combine micro-manufacturing technologies mimic
critical physiologic parameters present in vivo, including complex multicellular architecture with multicellular
arrangement and extracellular matrix deposition, packed 3D structures with cell–cell interactions, such as tight
junctions, barriers to mass transport of drugs, nutrients and other factors, which are similar to in vivo tumor tissues.
These systems provide a solution to mimic the physiological environment for improving predictive accuracy
in oncology drug discovery.
:
his review gives an overview of the innovations, development and limitations of different types of tumor-like
construction techniques such as self-assemble spheroid formation, spheroids formation by micro-manufacturing
technologies, micro-dissected tumor tissues and tumor organoid. Combination of 3D tumor-like construction and
microfluidic techniques to achieve tumor on a chip for in vitro tumor environment modeling and drug screening
were all included. Eventually, developmental directions and technical challenges in the research field are also
discussed. We believe tumor on chip models have provided better sufficient clinical predictive power and will
bridge the gap between proof-of-concept studies and a wider implementation within the oncology drug development
for pathophysiological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I-Chi Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Tchoryk A, Taresco V, Argent RH, Ashford M, Gellert PR, Stolnik S, Grabowska A, Garnett MC. Penetration and Uptake of Nanoparticles in 3D Tumor Spheroids. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1371-1384. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marianne Ashford
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R. Gellert
- Innovation Strategies and External Liaison, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
167
|
Pan Y, Hu N, Wei X, Gong L, Zhang B, Wan H, Wang P. 3D cell-based biosensor for cell viability and drug assessment by 3D electric cell/matrigel-substrate impedance sensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 130:344-351. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
168
|
Gabano E, Ravera M, Perin E, Zanellato I, Rangone B, McGlinchey MJ, Osella D. Synthesis and characterization of cyclohexane-1R,2R-diamine-based Pt(iv) dicarboxylato anticancer prodrugs: their selective activity against human colon cancer cell lines. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:435-445. [PMID: 30539948 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03950j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Three pairs of asymmetric dicarboxylato derivatives based on the cisplatin and oxaliplatin-like skeletons have been synthesized de novo or re-synthesized. The axial ligands consist of one medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA), namely clofibrate (i.e. 2-(p-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropionic acid, CA), heptanoate (HA) or octanoate (OA), respectively, and an inactive acetato ligand that imparts acceptable water solubility to such conjugates. Stability tests provided evidence for the partial formation of two hydrolyzed products, corresponding to two monoaqua diastereomers derived from the substitution of an equatorial chlorido ligand with a water molecule. The complexes have been tested on three different colon cancer cell lines having different histological history, and also on the cisplatin-sensitive A2780 ovarian cancer cell line for comparison. This allowed the evaluation not only of the increase in activity on passing from Pt(ii) to Pt(iv) derivatives, but also the selectivity towards colon cancer cells brought about by the cyclohexane-1R,2R-diamine carrier ligand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Gabano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
169
|
Flampouri E, Imar S, OConnell K, Singh B. Spheroid-3D and Monolayer-2D Intestinal Electrochemical Biosensor for Toxicity/Viability Testing: Applications in Drug Screening, Food Safety, and Environmental Pollutant Analysis. ACS Sens 2019; 4:660-669. [PMID: 30698007 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The rise of three-dimensional cell culture systems that provide in vivo-like environments for pharmaco-toxicological models has prompted the need for simple and robust viability assays suitable for complex cell architectural structures. This study addresses that challenge with the development of an in vitro enzyme based electrochemical sensor for viability/cytotoxicity assessment of two-dimensional (2D) monolayer and three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture formats. The biosensor measures the cell viability/toxicity via electrochemical monitoring of the enzymatic activity of nonspecific esterases of viable cells, through the hydrolysis of 1-naphthyl acetate to 1-naphthol. The proposed sensor demonstrated strong correlation ( r = 0.979) with viable cell numbers. Furthermore, the model intestinal toxicants diclofenac (DFC, pharmaceutical), okadaic acid (OA, food-safety), and mancozeb (MZB, environmental) were used for the functional evaluation of the proposed sensor using 2D and 3D culture formats. Sensor performance showed high consistency with conventional cell viability/cytotoxicity assays (MTT/CFDA-AM) for all toxicants, with the sensor IC50 values matching the relevant viability LC50 values at the 95% confidence interval range for 2D (DCF: 1.19-1.26 mM, MZB: 10.28-14.18 μM, OA: 40.91-77.13 nM) and 3D culture formats (DCF: 1.02-4.78 mM, MZB: 11.26-15.16 μM, OA: 162.09-179.67 nM). The presented results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed sensor as a robust endpoint screening tool for both 2D and 3D cytotoxicity assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Flampouri
- MiCRA Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin - Tallaght Campus), Tallaght, Dublin 24, D24 FKT9, Ireland
| | - Shahzad Imar
- MiCRA Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin - Tallaght Campus), Tallaght, Dublin 24, D24 FKT9, Ireland
| | - Kieran OConnell
- MiCRA Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin - Tallaght Campus), Tallaght, Dublin 24, D24 FKT9, Ireland
- Hothouse, Technological University Dublin, (TU Dublin − City Campus), Aungier Street, Dublin 2, D02 HW71, Ireland
| | - Baljit Singh
- MiCRA Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin - Tallaght Campus), Tallaght, Dublin 24, D24 FKT9, Ireland
- Hothouse, Technological University Dublin, (TU Dublin − City Campus), Aungier Street, Dublin 2, D02 HW71, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
170
|
Zhao L, Shi M, Liu Y, Zheng X, Xiu J, Liu Y, Tian L, Wang H, Zhang M, Zhang X. Systematic Analysis of Different Cell Spheroids with a Microfluidic Device Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy and Gene Expression Profiling. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4307-4311. [PMID: 30869520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The 3D cell spheroid is an emerging tool that allows better recapitulating of in vivo scenarios with multiple factors such as tissue-like morphology and membrane protein expression that intimately coordinates with enzyme activity, thus providing a psychological environment for tumorigenesis study. For analyzing different spheroids, conventional optical imaging may be hampered by the need for fluorescent labeling, which could cause toxicity side effects. As an alternative approach, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) enables label-free imaging. However, SECM for cell spheroid imaging is currently suffering from incapability of systematically analyzing the cell aggregates from spheroid generation, electrochemical signal gaining, and the gene expression on different individual cell spheroids. Herein, we developed a top-removable microfluidic device for cell aggregate yielding and SECM imaging methodology to analyze heterotypic 3D cell spheroids on a single device. This technique allows not only on-chip culturing of cell aggregates but also SECM imaging of the spheroids after opening the chip and subsequent qPCR assay of corresponding clusters. Through employment of the micropit arrays (85 × 4) with a top withdrawable microfluidic layer, uniformly sized breast tumor cell and fibroblast spheroids can be simultaneously produced on a single device. By leveraging voltage-switching mode SECM at different potentials of dual mediators, we evaluated alkaline phosphatase without disturbance of substrate morphology for distinguishing the tumor aggregates from stroma. Moreover, this method also enables gene expression profiling on individual tumor or stromal spheroids. Therefore, this new strategy can seamlessly bridge SECM measurements and molecular biological analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Health, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Mi Shi
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Health, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Health, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Xiaonan Zheng
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Health, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Jidong Xiu
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Health, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Health, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Lu Tian
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Health, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Hongjuan Wang
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Health, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Meiqin Zhang
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Health, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Health, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| |
Collapse
|
171
|
Volumetric chemical imaging by clearing-enhanced stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:6608-6617. [PMID: 30872474 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1813044116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional visualization of tissue structures using optical microscopy facilitates the understanding of biological functions. However, optical microscopy is limited in tissue penetration due to severe light scattering. Recently, a series of tissue-clearing techniques have emerged to allow significant depth-extension for fluorescence imaging. Inspired by these advances, we develop a volumetric chemical imaging technique that couples Raman-tailored tissue-clearing with stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy. Compared with the standard SRS, the clearing-enhanced SRS achieves greater than 10-times depth increase. Based on the extracted spatial distribution of proteins and lipids, our method reveals intricate 3D organizations of tumor spheroids, mouse brain tissues, and tumor xenografts. We further develop volumetric phasor analysis of multispectral SRS images for chemically specific clustering and segmentation in 3D. Moreover, going beyond the conventional label-free paradigm, we demonstrate metabolic volumetric chemical imaging, which allows us to simultaneously map out metabolic activities of protein and lipid synthesis in glioblastoma. Together, these results support volumetric chemical imaging as a valuable tool for elucidating comprehensive 3D structures, compositions, and functions in diverse biological contexts, complementing the prevailing volumetric fluorescence microscopy.
Collapse
|
172
|
Djomehri SI, Burman B, Gonzalez ME, Takayama S, Kleer CG. A reproducible scaffold-free 3D organoid model to study neoplastic progression in breast cancer. J Cell Commun Signal 2019; 13:129-143. [PMID: 30515709 PMCID: PMC6381373 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-018-0498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While 3D cellular models are useful to study biological processes, gel-embedded organoids have large variability. This paper describes high-yield production of large (~1 mm diameter), scaffold-free, highly-spherical organoids in a one drop-one organoid format using MCF10A cells, a non-tumorigenic breast cell line. These organoids display a hollow lumen and secondary acini, and express mammary gland-specific and progenitor markers, resembling normal human breast acini. When subjected to treatment with TGF-β, the hypoxia-mimetic reagent CoCl2, or co-culture with mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC), the organoids increase collagen I production and undergo large phenotypic and morphological changes of neoplastic progression, which were reproducible and quantifiable. Advantages of this scaffold-free, 3D breast organoid model include high consistency and reproducibility, ability to measure cellular collagen I production without noise from exogenous collagen, and capacity to subject the organoid to various stimuli from the microenvironment and exogenous treatments with precise timing without concern of matrix binding. Using this system, we generated organoids from primary metaplastic mammary carcinomas of MMTV-Cre;Ccn6fl/fl mice, which retained the high grade spindle cell morphology of the primary tumors. The platform is envisioned to be useful as a standardized 3D cellular model to study how microenvironmental factors influence breast tumorigenesis, and to potential therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabra I Djomehri
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Boris Burman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Maria E Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Shuichi Takayama
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Celina G Kleer
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
173
|
Haring AP, Thompson EG, Tong Y, Laheri S, Cesewski E, Sontheimer H, Johnson BN. Process- and bio-inspired hydrogels for 3D bioprinting of soft free-standing neural and glial tissues. Biofabrication 2019; 11:025009. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab02c9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
174
|
Dual-degradable and injectable hyaluronic acid hydrogel mimicking extracellular matrix for 3D culture of breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 211:336-348. [PMID: 30824098 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In tumor biology, it is widely recognized that 3D rather than 2D cell culture can recapitulate key features of solid tumors, including cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. In this study, to mimick the ECM of breast cancer, hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels were synthesized from two polyvalent HA derivatives through a hydrazone and photo dual crosslinking process. HA hydrogels could be formed within 120 s. The hydrogels had similar topography and mechanical properties to breast tumor and displayed glutathione and hyaluronidase dual-responsive degradation behavior. Biological studies demonstrated that HA hydrogel could support the proliferation and clustering of breast cancer MCF-7 cells. The expression levels of VEGF, IL-8 and bFGF in hydrogel-cultured cells were significantly greater than those in 2D culture. Moreover, cells from hydrogel culture exhibited greater migration/invasion abilities and tumorigenicity than 2D-cultured cells. Therefore, the HA hydrogels are a promising ECM-mimicking matrix for in vitro construction of breast cancer.
Collapse
|
175
|
Popov AA, Tselikov G, Dumas N, Berard C, Metwally K, Jones N, Al-Kattan A, Larrat B, Braguer D, Mensah S, Da Silva A, Estève MA, Kabashin AV. Laser- synthesized TiN nanoparticles as promising plasmonic alternative for biomedical applications. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1194. [PMID: 30718560 PMCID: PMC6362057 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37519-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exhibiting a red-shifted absorption/scattering feature compared to conventional plasmonic metals, titanium nitride nanoparticles (TiN NPs) look as very promising candidates for biomedical applications, but these applications are still underexplored despite the presence of extensive data for conventional plasmonic counterparts. Here, we report the fabrication of ultrapure, size-tunable TiN NPs by methods of femtosecond laser ablation in liquids and their biological testing. We show that TiN NPs demonstrate strong and broad plasmonic peak around 640-700 nm with a significant tail over 800 nm even for small NPs sizes (<7 nm). In vitro tests of laser-synthesized TiN NPs on cellular models evidence their low cytotoxicity and excellent cell uptake. We finally demonstrate a strong photothermal therapy effect on U87-MG cancer cell cultures using TiN NPs as sensitizers of local hyperthermia under near-infrared laser excitation. Based on absorption band in the region of relative tissue transparency and acceptable biocompatibility, laser-synthesized TiN NPs promise the advancement of biomedical modalities employing plasmonic effects, including absorption/scattering contrast imaging, photothermal therapy, photoacoustic imaging and SERS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton A Popov
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LP3, Campus de Luminy, Case 917, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Gleb Tselikov
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LP3, Campus de Luminy, Case 917, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Noé Dumas
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Charlotte Berard
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Timone, 13385, Marseille cedex 5, France
| | - Khaled Metwally
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, LMA, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Nicola Jones
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, LMA, Marseille, France
| | - Ahmed Al-Kattan
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LP3, Campus de Luminy, Case 917, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Benoit Larrat
- Unité d'Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique et de Spectroscopie, CEA/DRF/I2BM/NeuroSpin, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Diane Braguer
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Timone, 13385, Marseille cedex 5, France
| | - Serge Mensah
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, LMA, Marseille, France
| | - Anabela Da Silva
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Anne Estève
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Timone, 13385, Marseille cedex 5, France
| | - Andrei V Kabashin
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LP3, Campus de Luminy, Case 917, 13288, Marseille, France.
- MEPhI, Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), Bio- nanophotonics Laboratory, 31 Kashirskoe sh, 115409, Moscow, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
176
|
Zanoni M, Pignatta S, Arienti C, Bonafè M, Tesei A. Anticancer drug discovery using multicellular tumor spheroid models. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:289-301. [PMID: 30689452 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1570129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the increasing financial outlay on cancer research and drug discovery, many advanced cancers remain incurable. One possible strategy for increasing the approval rate of new anticancer drugs for use in clinical practice could be represented by three-dimensional (3D) tumor models on which to perform in vitro drug screening. There is a general consensus among the scientific community that 3D tumor models more closely recapitulate the complexity of tumor tissue architecture and biology than bi-dimensional cell cultures. In a 3D context, cells are connected to each other through tissue junctions and show proliferative and metabolic gradients that resemble the intricate milieu of organs and tumors. Areas covered: The present review focuses on available techniques for generating tumor spheroids and discusses current and future applications in the field of drug discovery. The article is based on literature obtained from PubMed. Expert opinion: Given the relative simplicity of spheroid models with respect to clinical tumors, we must be careful not to overestimate the reliability of their drug-response prediction capacity. The next challenge is to combine our knowledge of co-culture methodologies with high-content imaging and advanced microfluidic technologies to improve the readout and biomimetic potential of spheroid-based models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Zanoni
- a Biosciences Laboratory , Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola , Italy
| | - Sara Pignatta
- a Biosciences Laboratory , Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola , Italy
| | - Chiara Arienti
- a Biosciences Laboratory , Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola , Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- a Biosciences Laboratory , Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola , Italy.,b Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine , University of Bologna (BO) , Bologna , Italy
| | - Anna Tesei
- a Biosciences Laboratory , Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
177
|
Zhang J, Wang X, Wen J, Su X, Weng L, Wang C, Tian Y, Zhang Y, Tao J, Xu P, Lu G, Teng Z, Wang L. Size effect of mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles on tumor penetration and accumulation. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:4790-4799. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01164a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The size effect of mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (MONs) on tumor penetration and accumulation remains poorly understood, which strongly affects the tumor therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Xiaofen Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging
- Jinling Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Medical Imaging
- Jinling Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Xiaodan Su
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Lixing Weng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging
- Jinling Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Medical Imaging
- Jinling Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Yunlei Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging
- Jinling Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Jun Tao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Peng Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing
- P.R. China
| | - Guangming Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging
- Jinling Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Zhaogang Teng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing
- China
- Department of Medical Imaging
| | - Lianhui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing
- China
| |
Collapse
|
178
|
Hikage F, Atkins S, Kahana A, Smith TJ, Chun TH. HIF2A-LOX Pathway Promotes Fibrotic Tissue Remodeling in Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy. Endocrinology 2019; 160:20-35. [PMID: 30388216 PMCID: PMC6293089 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is a disfiguring periocular connective tissue disease associated with autoimmune thyroid disorders. It is a potentially blinding condition, for which no effective pharmacological treatment has been established. Despite a suggested role played by autoimmune thyrotropin receptor activation in the pathogenesis of TAO, the cellular and molecular events contributing to the fibrotic and inflammatory disease process of TAO are not fully defined. By developing a three-dimensional organoid culture of human orbital fibroblasts (OFs), we sought to determine the molecular mechanism underlying the fibrotic disease process of TAO. In this ex vivo model, we have demonstrated that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 2α (HIF2A), but not its paralog HIF1A, accelerates extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition by inducing a collagen-cross-linking enzyme, lysyl oxidase (LOX). Inhibiting HIF2A and LOX with short hairpin RNA or small molecular antagonists effectively ameliorated fibrotic disease process within TAO organoids. Conversely, the overexpression of a constitutively active HIF2A in mouse OFs was sufficient to initiate LOX-dependent fibrotic tissue remodeling in OF organoids. Consistent with these findings, HIF2A and LOX were highly expressed in human TAO tissues paralleling excess ECM deposition. We propose that the HIF2A-LOX pathway can be a potential therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of TAO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumihito Hikage
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Stephen Atkins
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Alon Kahana
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Terry J Smith
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Tae-Hwa Chun
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Correspondence: Tae-Hwa Chun, MD, PhD, NCRC Building 10, Room A186, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
179
|
da Conceicao Ribeiro R, Pal D, Ferreira AM, Gentile P, Benning M, Dalgarno K. Reactive jet impingement bioprinting of high cell density gels for bone microtissue fabrication. Biofabrication 2018; 11:015014. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aaf625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
180
|
Hai J, Zeng X, Zhu Y, Wang B. Anions reversibly responsive luminescent nanocellulose hydrogels for cancer spheroids culture and release. Biomaterials 2018; 194:161-170. [PMID: 30605824 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Artificial stimuli-responsive hydrogels that can mimic natural extracellular matrix for growth and release of cancer spheroids (CSs) have attracted much attention. However, such hydrogels still face a challenge in regulating CSs growth and controlled release as well as keeping CSs integrity. Herein, a new class of ClO-/SCN- reversibly responsive nanocellulose hydrogel with fluorescence on-off reporter is developed. Upon addition of ClO-, the gel network of nanocellulose hydrogel was destructed, accompanying by the fluorescent quenching. Notably, when introducing of SCN-, a red fluorescence filamentous hydrogel was recovered by coordination cross-linking. The hydrogel reforms in a completely reversible process through the regulation of ClO-/SCN-. Benefit from the above response features of the hydrogel, the growth of cancer spheroids (CSs) in the hydrogel and on demand release of CSs from the hydrogel could be easily achieved through ClO-/SCN- regulation. Importantly, the growth and release of CSs can be monitored in real time by fluorescence imaging. Overall, such design strategy based on ClO-/SCN--responsive fluorescent hydrogels provided a new type of multi-responsive hydrogels as main scaffolds for cancer research and cancer drug screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaofan Zeng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanhong Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Baodui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
181
|
Shahi Thakuri P, Luker GD, Tavana H. Cyclical Treatment of Colorectal Tumor Spheroids Induces Resistance to MEK Inhibitors. Transl Oncol 2018; 12:404-416. [PMID: 30550927 PMCID: PMC6299152 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive drug resistance is a major obstacle to successful treatment of colorectal cancers. Physiologic tumor models of drug resistance are crucial to understand mechanisms of treatment failure and improve therapy by developing new therapeutics and treatment strategies. Using our aqueous two-phase system microtechnology, we developed colorectal tumor spheroids and periodically treated them with sub-lethal concentrations of three Mitogen Activated Kinase inhibitors (MEKi) used in clinical trials. We used long-term, periodic treatment and recovery of spheroids to mimic cycles of clinical chemotherapy and implemented a growth rate metric to quantitatively assess efficacy of the MEKi during treatment. Our results showed that efficacy of the MEKi significantly reduced with increased treatment cycles. Using a comprehensive molecular analysis, we established that resistance of colorectal tumor spheroids to the MEKi developed through activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. We also showed that other potential feedback mechanisms, such as STAT3 activation or amplified B-RAF, did not account for resistance to the MEKi. We combined each of the three MEKi with a PI3K/mTOR inhibitor and showed that the combination treatments synergistically blocked resistance to the MEKi. Importantly, and unlike the individual inhibitors, we demonstrated that synergistic concentrations of combinations of MEK and PI3K/mTOR inhibitors effectively inhibited growth of colorectal tumor spheroids in long-term treatments. This proof-of-concept study to model treatment-induced drug resistance of cancer cells using 3D cultures offers a unique approach to identify underlying molecular mechanisms and develop effective treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Shahi Thakuri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Gary D Luker
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Hossein Tavana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
182
|
Bioinstructive microparticles for self-assembly of mesenchymal stem Cell-3D tumor spheroids. Biomaterials 2018; 185:155-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
183
|
Mani V, Lyu Z, Kumar V, Ercal B, Chen H, Malhotra SV, Demirci U. Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and Drug Response in Dynamic Bioengineered Lung Cancer Microenvironment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 3:e1800223. [PMID: 32627339 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment and the interplay of physical and mechanical forces are key determinants of cancer initiation, progression, and response to drug treatment. However, the impact of tumor microenvironment on cancer progression is poorly understood, in large due to the lack of in vitro models that recapitulate the physical aspects of tumor microenvironment. Herein, a simple, dynamic 3D nonsmall cell lung carcinoma culture using a multichannel microfluidic model platform is developed for evaluating the contribution of flow-induced hydrodynamic shear stress on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). It is found that flow induces changes in cellular morphology and EMT in 2D and 3D when lung cancer A549 cells are cultured on a microfluidic chip under laminar flow for 4-5 days compared to traditional static cultures. The role of dynamic cell culture on chemotherapeutic effects is monitored. Drug response with an existing anti-cancer drug, e.g., erlotinib and an investigational drug (NSC-750212), shows distinct cytotoxic effects in flow compared to static cultures, suggesting a potential influence of flow on drug efficacy in 2D and 3D models. The platform demonstrates the ability to create a dynamic microscale tumor model, which could be explored as a tool for early drug screening and treatment monitoring in cancer and other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vigneshwaran Mani
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Lab, Canary Center at Stanford for Early Cancer Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Zhonglin Lyu
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Lab, Canary Center at Stanford for Early Cancer Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.,State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Baris Ercal
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Lab, Canary Center at Stanford for Early Cancer Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Sanjay V Malhotra
- Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Lab, Canary Center at Stanford for Early Cancer Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| |
Collapse
|
184
|
Olofsson K, Hammarström B, Wiklund M. Ultrasonic Based Tissue Modelling and Engineering. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E594. [PMID: 30441752 PMCID: PMC6266922 DOI: 10.3390/mi9110594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Systems and devices for in vitro tissue modelling and engineering are valuable tools, which combine the strength between the controlled laboratory environment and the complex tissue organization and environment in vivo. Device-based tissue engineering is also a possible avenue for future explant culture in regenerative medicine. The most fundamental requirements on platforms intended for tissue modelling and engineering are their ability to shape and maintain cell aggregates over long-term culture. An emerging technology for tissue shaping and culture is ultrasonic standing wave (USW) particle manipulation, which offers label-free and gentle positioning and aggregation of cells. The pressure nodes defined by the USW, where cells are trapped in most cases, are stable over time and can be both static and dynamic depending on actuation schemes. In this review article, we highlight the potential of USW cell manipulation as a tool for tissue modelling and engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Olofsson
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Björn Hammarström
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Martin Wiklund
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
185
|
Chang FC, Levengood SL, Cho N, Chen L, Wang E, Yu JS, Zhang M. Crosslinked Chitosan-PEG Hydrogel for Culture of Human Glioblastoma Cell Spheroids and Drug Screening. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018; 1:1800058. [PMID: 31435500 PMCID: PMC6703847 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional monolayer cell cultures are routinely utilized for preclinical cancer drug screening, but the results often do not translate well when drugs are tested in vivo. To address this limitation, a biocompatible chitosan-PEG hydrogel (CSPG gel) was synthesized to create a gel that can be easily dispensed into 96-well plates at room temperature and neutral pH. The stiffness of this gel was tailored to be within the stiffness range of human glioblastoma tissue to promote the formation of tumor spheroids. Differences in cell morphology, proliferation rate, and dose-dependent drug cytotoxicity were compared among cell spheroids grown on CSPG gels, cells in monolayer culture on tissue culture polystyrene and cells cultured on Matrigel. Tumor spheroids on CSPG gels displayed statistically significantly greater resistance to chemotherapeutics than in the conditions where cells did not form spheroids. Gene expression analysis suggests that resistance of cells on CSPG gels to the therapy may be partially attributed to upregulation of ATP-binding cassette transporters and downregulation of DNA mismatch repair genes, which was stimulated by spheroid formation. These findings suggest CSPG gel generates tumor spheroids that better reflect the malignant behavior of GBM and provides a cost-effective substrate for preclinical, high-throughput screening of potential cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Chien Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Sheeny Lan Levengood
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Nick Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Likai Chen
- Department of Bioengineering Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Everet Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - John S. Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine-Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Miqin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
186
|
Li J, Zhou Y, Chen W, Yuan Z, You B, Liu Y, Yang S, Li F, Qu C, Zhang X. A Novel 3D in Vitro Tumor Model Based on Silk Fibroin/Chitosan Scaffolds To Mimic the Tumor Microenvironment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:36641-36651. [PMID: 30360129 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug development involves various evaluation processes to ascertain drug effects and rigorous analysis of biological indicators during in vitro preclinical studies. Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures are commonly used in numerous in vitro studies, which are poor facsimiles of the in vivo conditions. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) tumor models mimicking the tumor microenvironment and reducing the use of experimental animals have been developed generating great interest to appraise tumor response to treatment strategies in cancer therapy. In this study, silk fibroin (SF) protein and chitosan (CS), two natural biomaterials, were chosen to construct the scaffolds of 3D cell models. Human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells in the SF/CS scaffolds were found to have a great tendency to gather and form tumor spheres. A549 cell spheres in the 3D scaffolds showed biological and morphological characteristics much closer to the in vivo tumors. Besides, the cells in 3D models displayed better invasion ability and drug resistance than 2D models. Additionally, differences in drug-resistant and immune-related protein levels were found, which indicated that 3D models might resemble the real-life situation. These findings suggested that these 3D tumor models composed of SF/CS are promising to provide a valuable biomaterial platform in the evaluation of anticancer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jizhao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yejuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , People's Republic of China
| | - Weiliang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bengang You
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shudi Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Qu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xuenong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
187
|
Katifelis H, Lyberopoulou A, Mukha I, Vityuk N, Grodzyuk G, Theodoropoulos GE, Efstathopoulos EP, Gazouli M. Ag/Au bimetallic nanoparticles induce apoptosis in human cancer cell lines via P53, CASPASE-3 and BAX/BCL-2 pathways. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:S389-S398. [PMID: 30371113 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1495645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hector Katifelis
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Lyberopoulou
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Iuliia Mukha
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nadiia Vityuk
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Gallina Grodzyuk
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- L.V. Pisarzhevskii Institute of the Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - George E. Theodoropoulos
- 1st Propaedeutic University Surgery Clinic, Hippocratio General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
188
|
Choi M, Yu SJ, Choi Y, Lee HR, Lee E, Lee E, Lee Y, Song J, Son JG, Lee TG, Kim JY, Kang S, Baek J, Lee D, Im SG, Jon S. Polymer Thin Film-Induced Tumor Spheroids Acquire Cancer Stem Cell-like Properties. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6890-6902. [PMID: 30352813 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
: Although cancer stem cells (CSC) are thought to be responsible for tumor recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy, CSC-related research and drug development have been hampered by the limited supply of diverse, patient-derived CSC. Here, we present a functional polymer thin film (PTF) platform that promotes conversion of cancer cells to highly tumorigenic three-dimensional (3D) spheroids without the use of biochemical or genetic manipulations. Culturing various human cancer cells on the specific PTF, poly(2,4,6,8-tetravinyl-2,4,6,8-tetramethyl cyclotetrasiloxane) (pV4D4), gave rise to numerous multicellular tumor spheroids within 24 hours with high efficiency and reproducibility. Cancer cells in the resulting spheroids showed a significant increase in the expression of CSC-associated genes and acquired increased drug resistance compared with two-dimensional monolayer-cultured controls. These spheroids also exhibited enhanced xenograft tumor-forming ability and metastatic capacity in nude mice. By enabling the generation of tumorigenic spheroids from diverse cancer cells, the surface platform described here harbors the potential to contribute to CSC-related basic research and drug development. SIGNIFICANCE: A new cell culture technology enables highly tumorigenic 3D spheroids to be easily generated from various cancer cell sources in the common laboratory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minsuk Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung J Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoonjung Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak R Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbeol Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyuk Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin G Son
- Center for Nano-Bio Measurement, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae G Lee
- Center for Nano-Bio Measurement, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Y Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukmo Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieung Baek
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeyoup Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung G Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangyong Jon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea. .,Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
189
|
Cationic Oligospermine-Oligonucleotide Conjugates Provide Carrier-free Splice Switching in Monolayer Cells and Spheroids. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 13:483-492. [PMID: 30388622 PMCID: PMC6205332 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the evaluation of 18-mer 2′-O-methyl-modified ribose oligonucleotides with a full-length phosphorothioate backbone chemically conjugated at the 5′ end to the oligospermine units (Sn-: n = 5, 15, 20, 25, and 30 [number of spermine units]) as splice switching oligonucleotides (SSOs). These conjugates contain, in their structure, covalently linked oligocation moieties, making them capable of penetrating cells without transfection vector. In cell culture, we observed efficient cytoplasmic and nuclear delivery of fluorescein-labeled S20-SSO by fluorescent microscopy. The SSO conjugates containing more than 15 spermine units induced significant carrier-free exon skipping at nanomolar concentration in the absence and in the presence of serum. With an increasing number of spermine units, the conjugates became slightly toxic but more active. Advantages of these molecules were particularly demonstrated in three-dimensional (3D) cell culture (multicellular tumor spheroids [MCTSs]) that mimics living tissues. Whereas vector-complexed SSOs displayed a drastically reduced splice switching in MCTS compared with the assay in monolayer culture, an efficient exon skipping without significant toxicity was observed with oligospermine-grafted SSOs (S15- and S20-SSOs) transfected without vector. It was shown, by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, that the fluorescein-labeled S20-SSO was freely diffusing and penetrating the innermost cells of MCTS, whereas the vector-complexed SSO penetrated only the cells of the spheroid’s outer layer.
Collapse
|
190
|
Mierke CT, Sauer F, Grosser S, Puder S, Fischer T, Käs JA. The two faces of enhanced stroma: Stroma acts as a tumor promoter and a steric obstacle. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2018; 31:e3831. [PMID: 29215759 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In addition to genetic, morphological and biochemical alterations in cells, a key feature of the malignant progression of cancer is the stroma, including cancer cell motility as well as the emergence of metastases. Our current knowledge with regard to the biophysically driven experimental approaches of cancer progression indicates that mechanical aberrations are major contributors to the malignant progression of cancer. In particular, the mechanical probing of the stroma is of great interest. However, the impact of the tumor stroma on cellular motility, and hence the metastatic cascade leading to the malignant progression of cancer, is controversial as there are two different and opposing effects within the stroma. On the one hand, the stroma can promote and enhance the proliferation, survival and migration of cancer cells through mechanotransduction processes evoked by fiber alignment as a result of increased stroma rigidity. This enables all types of cancer to overcome restrictive biological capabilities. On the other hand, as a result of its structural constraints, the stroma acts as a steric obstacle for cancer cell motility in dense three-dimensional extracellular matrices, when the pore size is smaller than the cell's nucleus. The mechanical properties of the stroma, such as the tissue matrix stiffness and the entire architectural network of the stroma, are the major players in providing the optimal environment for cancer cell migration. Thus, biophysical methods determining the mechanical properties of the stroma, such as magnetic resonance elastography, are critical for the diagnosis and prediction of early cancer stages. Fibrogenesis and cancer are tightly connected, as there is an elevated risk of cancer on cystic fibrosis or, subsequently, cirrhosis. This also applies to the subsequent metastatic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tanja Mierke
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Peter Debye Institute of Soft Matter Physics, Biological Physics Division, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frank Sauer
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Peter Debye Institute of Soft Matter Physics, Biological Physics Division, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Peter Debye Institute of Soft Matter Physics, Soft Matter Physics Division, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffen Grosser
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Peter Debye Institute of Soft Matter Physics, Soft Matter Physics Division, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefanie Puder
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Peter Debye Institute of Soft Matter Physics, Biological Physics Division, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tony Fischer
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Peter Debye Institute of Soft Matter Physics, Biological Physics Division, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Josef Alfons Käs
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Peter Debye Institute of Soft Matter Physics, Soft Matter Physics Division, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
191
|
Miyatake Y, Kuribayashi-Shigetomi K, Ohta Y, Ikeshita S, Subagyo A, Sueoka K, Kakugo A, Amano M, Takahashi T, Okajima T, Kasahara M. Visualising the dynamics of live pancreatic microtumours self-organised through cell-in-cell invasion. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14054. [PMID: 30232338 PMCID: PMC6145923 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32122-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) reportedly progresses very rapidly through the initial carcinogenesis stages including DNA damage and disordered cell death. However, such oncogenic mechanisms are largely studied through observational diagnostic methods, partly because of a lack of live in vitro tumour imaging techniques. Here we demonstrate a simple live-tumour in vitro imaging technique using micro-patterned plates (micro/nanoplates) that allows dynamic visualisation of PDAC microtumours. When PDAC cells were cultured on a micro/nanoplate overnight, the cells self-organised into non-spheroidal microtumours that were anchored to the micro/nanoplate through cell-in-cell invasion. This self-organisation was only efficiently induced in small-diameter rough microislands. Using a time-lapse imaging system, we found that PDAC microtumours actively stretched to catch dead cell debris via filo/lamellipoedia and suction, suggesting that they have a sophisticated survival strategy (analogous to that of starving animals), which implies a context for the development of possible therapies for PDACs. The simple tumour imaging system visualises a potential of PDAC cells, in which the aggressive tumour dynamics reminds us of the need to review traditional PDAC pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Miyatake
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Kaori Kuribayashi-Shigetomi
- Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. .,Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Ohta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shunji Ikeshita
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Agus Subagyo
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Creative Research Institution Sousei, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Sueoka
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Kakugo
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Maho Amano
- Research Development Section, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Takaharu Okajima
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Kasahara
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
192
|
Lazzari G, Nicolas V, Matsusaki M, Akashi M, Couvreur P, Mura S. Multicellular spheroid based on a triple co-culture: A novel 3D model to mimic pancreatic tumor complexity. Acta Biomater 2018; 78:296-307. [PMID: 30099198 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The preclinical drug screening of pancreatic cancer treatments suffers from the absence of appropriate models capable to reproduce in vitro the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment and its stiff desmoplasia. Driven by this pressing need, we describe in this paper the conception and the characterization of a novel 3D tumor model consisting of a triple co-culture of pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1), fibroblasts (MRC-5) and endothelial cells (HUVEC), which assembled to form a hetero-type multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS). By histological analyses and Selective Plain Illumination Microscopy (SPIM) we have monitored the spatial distribution of each cell type and the evolution of the spheroid composition. Results revealed the presence of a core rich in fibroblasts and fibronectin in which endothelial cells were homogeneously distributed. The integration of the three cell types enabled to reproduce in vitro with fidelity the influence of the surrounding environment on the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a scaffold-free pancreatic cancer spheroid model combining both tumor and multiple stromal components has been designed. It holds the possibility to become an advantageous tool for a pertinent assessment of the efficacy of various therapeutic strategies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Pancreatic tumor microenvironment is characterized by abundant fibrosis and aberrant vasculature. Aiming to reproduce in vitro these features, cancer cells have been already co-cultured with fibroblasts or endothelial cells separately but the integration of both these essential components of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment in a unique system, although urgently needed, was still missing. In this study, we successfully integrated cellular and acellular microenvironment components (i.e., fibroblasts, endothelial cells, fibronectin) in a hetero-type scaffold-free multicellular tumor spheroid. This new 3D triple co-culture model closely mimicked the resistance to treatments observed in vivo, resulting in a reduction of cancer cell sensitivity to the anticancer treatment.
Collapse
|
193
|
Sokolova EA, Vodeneev VA, Deyev SM, Balalaeva IV. 3D in vitro models of tumors expressing EGFR family receptors: a potent tool for studying receptor biology and targeted drug development. Drug Discov Today 2018; 24:99-111. [PMID: 30205170 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Carcinomas overexpressing EGFR family receptors are of high clinical importance, because the receptors have prognostic value and are used as molecular targets for anticancer therapy. Insufficient drug efficacy necessitates further in-depth research of the receptor biology and improvement in preclinical stages of drug evaluation. Here, we review the currently used advanced 3D in vitro models of tumors, including tumor spheroids, models in natural and synthetic matrices, tumor organoids and microfluidic-based models, as a potent tool for studying EGFR biology and targeted drug development. We are especially focused on factors that affect the biology of tumor cells, causing modification in the expression and basic phosphorylation of the receptors, crosstalk with other signaling pathways and switch between downstream cascades, resulting ultimately in the resistance to antitumor agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya A Sokolova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky University, 23 Gagarin ave., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklay St., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Vodeneev
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky University, 23 Gagarin ave., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Sergey M Deyev
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky University, 23 Gagarin ave., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklay St., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Irina V Balalaeva
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky University, 23 Gagarin ave., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow 119991, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
194
|
Bourland J, Fradette J, Auger FA. Tissue-engineered 3D melanoma model with blood and lymphatic capillaries for drug development. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13191. [PMID: 30181613 PMCID: PMC6123405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31502-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While being the rarest skin cancer, melanoma is also the deadliest. To further drug discovery and improve clinical translation, new human cell-based in vitro models are needed. Our work strives to mimic the melanoma microenvironment in vitro as an alternative to animal testing. We used the self-assembly method to produce a 3D human melanoma model exempt of exogenous biomaterial. This model is based on primary human skin cells and melanoma cell lines while including a key feature for tumor progression: blood and lymphatic capillaries. Major components of the tumor microenvironment such as capillaries, human extracellular matrix, a stratified epidermis (involucrin, filaggrin) and basement membrane (laminin 332) are recapitulated in vitro. We demonstrate the persistence of CD31+ blood and podoplanin+/LYVE-1+ lymphatic capillaries in the engineered tissue. Chronic treatment with vemurafenib was applied to the model and elicited a dose-dependent response on proliferation and apoptosis, making it a promising tool to test new compounds in a human-like environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Bourland
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, Qc, Canada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Qc, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Qc, Canada
| | - Julie Fradette
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, Qc, Canada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Qc, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Qc, Canada
| | - François A Auger
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, Qc, Canada.
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Qc, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Qc, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
195
|
Macdougall LJ, Wiley KL, Kloxin AM, Dove AP. Design of synthetic extracellular matrices for probing breast cancer cell growth using robust cyctocompatible nucleophilic thiol-yne addition chemistry. Biomaterials 2018; 178:435-447. [PMID: 29773227 PMCID: PMC6699181 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Controlled, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems are of growing interest for both tissue regeneration and disease, including cancer, enabling hypothesis testing about the effects of microenvironment cues on a variety of cellular processes, including aspects of disease progression. In this work, we encapsulate and culture in three dimensions different cancer cell lines in a synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM), using mild and efficient chemistry. Specifically, harnessing the nucleophilic addition of thiols to activated alkynes, we have created hydrogel-based materials with multifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and select biomimetic peptides. These materials have definable, controlled mechanical properties (G' = 4-10 kPa) and enable facile incorporation of pendant peptides for cell adhesion, relevant for mimicking soft tissues, where polymer architecture allows tuning of matrix degradation. These matrices rapidly formed in the presence of sensitive breast cancer cells (MCF-7) for successful encapsulation with high cell viability, greatly improved relative to that observed with the more widely used radically-initiated thiol-ene crosslinking chemistry. Furthermore, controlled matrix degradation by both bulk and local mechanisms, ester hydrolysis of the polymer network and cell-driven enzymatic hydrolysis of cell-degradable peptide, allowed cell proliferation and the formation of cell clusters within these thiol-yne hydrogels. These studies demonstrate the importance of chemistry in ECM mimics and the potential thiol-yne chemistry has as a crosslinking reaction for the encapsulation and culture of cells, including those sensitive to radical crosslinking pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Macdougall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Katherine L Wiley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - April M Kloxin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Andrew P Dove
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
196
|
Wu S, Yue H, Wu J, Zhang W, Jiang M, Ma G. The interacting role of physical stiffness and tumor cells on the macrophages polarization. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
197
|
Liang SQ, Bührer ED, Berezowska S, Marti TM, Xu D, Froment L, Yang H, Hall SRR, Vassella E, Yang Z, Kocher GJ, Amrein MA, Riether C, Ochsenbein AF, Schmid RA, Peng RW. mTOR mediates a mechanism of resistance to chemotherapy and defines a rational combination strategy to treat KRAS-mutant lung cancer. Oncogene 2018; 38:622-636. [PMID: 30171261 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Oncogenic KRAS mutations comprise the largest subset of lung cancer defined by genetic alterations, but in the clinic no targeted therapies are available that effectively control mutational KRAS activation. Consequently, patients with KRAS-driven tumors are routinely treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy, which is often transiently effective owing to development of drug resistance. In this study, we show that hyperactivated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is a characteristic hallmark of KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma after chemotherapy treatment, and that KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells rely on persistent mTOR signaling to resist chemotherapeutic drugs. Coherently, mTOR inhibition circumvents the refractory phenotype and restores sensitivity of resistant KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells to chemotherapy. Importantly, drug combinations of clinically approved mTOR inhibitors and chemotherapy drugs synergize in inhibiting cell proliferation of KRAS-mutant cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and the efficacy of this combination treatment correlates with the magnitude of mTOR activity induced by chemotherapy alone. These results pinpoint mTOR as a mechanism of resistance to chemotherapy in KRAS-mutant lung cancer and validate a rational and readily translatable strategy that combines mTOR inhibitors with standard chemotherapy to treat KRAS-mutant adenocarcinoma, the most common and deadliest lung cancer subset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Qing Liang
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elias D Bührer
- Tumor Immunology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas M Marti
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Duo Xu
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laurène Froment
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Haitang Yang
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sean R R Hall
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Erik Vassella
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Zhang Yang
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gregor J Kocher
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael A Amrein
- Tumor Immunology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Riether
- Tumor Immunology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian F Ochsenbein
- Tumor Immunology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ralph A Schmid
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland. .,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Ren-Wang Peng
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland. .,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
198
|
Štarha P, Trávníček Z, Crlíková H, Vančo J, Kašpárková J, Dvořák Z. Half-Sandwich Ir(III) Complex of N1-Pyridyl-7-azaindole Exceeds Cytotoxicity of Cisplatin at Various Human Cancer Cells and 3D Multicellular Tumor Spheroids. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Štarha
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Trávníček
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Crlíková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Vančo
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kašpárková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Dvořák
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
199
|
Yesil-Celiktas O, Hassan S, Miri AK, Maharjan S, Al-kharboosh R, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Zhang YS. Mimicking Human Pathophysiology in Organ-on-Chip Devices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Yesil-Celiktas
- Division of Engineering in Medicine; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Department of Bioengineering; Faculty of Engineering; Ege University; Bornova-Izmir 35100 Turkey
| | - Shabir Hassan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Amir K. Miri
- Division of Engineering in Medicine; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Rowan University; 401 North Campus Drive Glassboro NJ 08028 USA
| | - Sushila Maharjan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology; Nakkhu-4 Lalitpur 44600 Nepal
| | - Rawan Al-kharboosh
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; Mayo Clinic Graduate School; Neuroscience, NBD Track Rochester MN 55905 USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oncology, Neuroscience; Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville FL 32224 USA
| | | | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| |
Collapse
|
200
|
Olofsson K, Carannante V, Ohlin M, Frisk T, Kushiro K, Takai M, Lundqvist A, Önfelt B, Wiklund M. Acoustic formation of multicellular tumor spheroids enabling on-chip functional and structural imaging. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:2466-2476. [PMID: 30033460 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00537k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the complex 3D tumor microenvironment is important in cancer research. This microenvironment can be modelled in vitro by culturing multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). Key challenges when using MCTS in applications such as high-throughput drug screening are overcoming imaging and analytical issues encountered during functional and structural investigations. To address these challenges, we use an ultrasonic standing wave (USW) based MCTS culture platform for parallel formation, staining and imaging of 100 whole MCTS. A protein repellent amphiphilic polymer coating enables flexible production of high quality and unanchored MCTS. This enables high-content multimode analysis based on flow cytometry and in situ optical microscopy. We use HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma, A498 and ACHN renal carcinoma, and LUTC-2 thyroid carcinoma cell lines to demonstrate (i) the importance of the ultrasound-coating combination, (ii) bright field image based automatic characterization of MTCS, (iii) detailed deep tissue confocal imaging of whole MCTS mounted in a refractive index matching solution, and (iv) single cell functional analysis through flow cytometry of single cell suspensions of disintegrated MTCS. The USW MCTS culture platform is customizable and holds great potential for detailed multimode MCTS analysis in a high-content manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Olofsson
- Dep.t of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|