151
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Bożena G, Zakrzewska D, Szymczycha B. Sorption of Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, and Co to nano-TiO 2 in seawater. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:145-158. [PMID: 29339613 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the role of nanoparticles in complex aqueous matrices such as the Baltic Sea was investigated in batch-mode experiments in which titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) were tested for their ability to remove heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, Co) from multicomponent spiked and non-spiked Baltic Sea water. The experimental data were analyzed using different isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Kaganer-Radushkevich (DKR)) and models (pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, the double-exponential model, and the Weber-Morris model). The equilibria and kinetic investigations showed that metal sorption to nano-TiO2 occurs in a two-step, multilayer process and that there is strong competition for sorption sites. The results of the DKR isotherm and dilution experiment indicated weak electrostatic bonds, except for Pb. The distribution coefficient values (1.8 × 103 to 2.8 × 105 ml g-1) were consistent with the good sorbent properties of nano-TiO2 and supported the use of the particles in seawater purification technologies. However, metal-enriched nano-TiO2 may also act as an effective carriers of metals to marine sediments, which could increase their availability to benthic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graca Bożena
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Danuta Zakrzewska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Beata Szymczycha
- Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland E-mail:
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152
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Li M, Chen D, Liu Y, Chuang CY, Kong F, Harrison PJ, Zhu X, Jiang Y. Exposure of engineered nanoparticles to Alexandrium tamarense (Dinophyceae): Healthy impacts of nanoparticles via toxin-producing dinoflagellate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 610-611:356-366. [PMID: 28806552 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Human activities can enhance the frequency, intensity and occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs). Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs), contained in many materials, will inevitably enter coastal waters and thus cause unpredictable impacts on aquatic organisms. However, knowledge of the influence of ENPs on HAB species is still lacking. In this study, we examined the effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2), zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) and aluminum oxide nanoparticles (nAl2O3) on physiological changes and paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins (PSTs) production of Alexandrium tamarense. We found a dose-dependent decrease in photosynthetic activity of A. tamarense under all three ENPs and a significant growth inhibition induced by nZnO. The largest reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was induced by nTiO2, followed by nZnO and nAl2O3. Moreover, the PSTs production rate increased by 3.9-fold for nTiO2 (p<0.01) and 4.5-fold for nAl2O3 (p<0.01) at a concentration of 200mgL-1. The major component, C2 was transformed to its epimer C1 and the proportion of decarbamoyl toxins increased under 200mgL-1 of nZnO and nAl2O3. In addition, the proportion of carbamate toxins increased upon exposure to 2mgL-1 ENPs, while decreased upon exposure to 200mgL-1 ENPs. The changes in PSTs production and composition might be an adaptive response for A. tamarense to overcome the stress of ENPs exposure. This work brings the first evidence that ENP would affect PSTs production and profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlu Li
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Daoyi Chen
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Chia Ying Chuang
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fanzhou Kong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Paul J Harrison
- Dept Earth & Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xiaoshan Zhu
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuelu Jiang
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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153
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Zhu Y, Xu J, Lu T, Zhang M, Ke M, Fu Z, Pan X, Qian H. A comparison of the effects of copper nanoparticles and copper sulfate on Phaeodactylum tricornutum physiology and transcription. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 56:43-49. [PMID: 28881226 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) have been used in a broad range of applications. However, they are inevitably released into the marine environment, making it necessary to evaluate their potential effects on marine phytoplankton. In this study, the short-term (96h) effects of CuNPs and CuSO4 on Phacodactylum tricornutum growth, photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species production and transcription were assessed. It was found that high concentrations (40μM) of CuNPs and CuSO4 significantly inhibited the growth, photosynthesis and induced oxidative stress of P. tricornutum, while lower concentrations caused a hormetic response as indicated by a slight stimulation in algal growth. The high percentage of dissolved Cu (78-100%) in culture medium suggested that the dissolved Cu was the main driver of toxicity during CuNPs treatment. The algal cells upregulated electron transport chain-related genes to produce more energy and restore photosynthesis after 96h of treatment with CuNPs and CuSO4. This study delineates the cellular mechanism behind the toxicity of CuNPs and CuSO4 on marine diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youchao Zhu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Mingjing Ke
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China.
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154
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Cervantes-Avilés P, Díaz Barriga-Castro E, Palma-Tirado L, Cuevas-Rodríguez G. Interactions and effects of metal oxide nanoparticles on microorganisms involved in biological wastewater treatment. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 80:1103-1112. [PMID: 28685923 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the toxicological effects of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) on microorganisms with environmental relevance, it is necessary to understand their interactions. In this work, they were studied the effects and the morphological interactions of two metal oxide NPs (ZnO and TiO2 ) with microorganisms, during aerobic treatment of wastewater. The effects were evaluated according to nutrient removal from wastewater, while morphological interactions were determined by three different techniques such as TEM, HAADF-STEM, as well as an elemental mapping. According to results about effects of both NPs, they inhibited the removal of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, and enhanced the orthophosphate removal. Related to morphological interactions, the electron-dense material of both NPs was mainly observed bounded to cell membrane. In tests with ZnO NPs, it was also observed electron-dense material internalized in microorganisms without physical damage in cell membrane. The elemental mapping was useful to determine that the electron-dense material corresponded to Zn and Ti. Both interactions, internalization and attachment of NPs on cell membrane of microorganisms may trigger the negative effect in the removal of organic matter and nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabel Cervantes-Avilés
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Division, University of Guanajuato, Av. Juárez 77, Zona Centro, Guanajuato, Gto. 36000, México
| | - Enrique Díaz Barriga-Castro
- Central Laboratory of Analytical Instrumentation, Research Center on Applied Chemistry, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, Saltillo, Coahuila, 25294, México
| | - Lourdes Palma-Tirado
- Microscopy Unit, Neurobiology Institute, National Autonomous University of México, UNAM Campus Juriquilla 1-1141, Querétaro, 76001, México
| | - Germán Cuevas-Rodríguez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Division, University of Guanajuato, Av. Juárez 77, Zona Centro, Guanajuato, Gto. 36000, México
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155
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Jahan S, Yusoff IB, Alias YB, Bakar AFBA. Reviews of the toxicity behavior of five potential engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into the aquatic ecosystem. Toxicol Rep 2017; 4:211-220. [PMID: 28959641 PMCID: PMC5615119 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Presently, engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are used in a wide variety of commercial applications, resulting in an uncontrolled introduction into the aquatic environment. The purpose of this review is to summarize the pathways and factors that controlling the transport and toxicity of five extensively used ENMs. These toxicological pathways are of great importance and need to be addressed for sustainable implications of ENMs without environmental liabilities. Here we discuss five potentially utilized ENMs with their possible toxicological risk factors to aquatic plants, vertebrates model and microbes. Moreover, the key effect of ENMs surface transformations by significant reaction with environmental objects such as dissolved natural organic matter (DOM) and the effect of ENMs surface coating and surface charge will also be debated. The transformations of ENMs are subsequently facing a major ecological transition that is expected to create a substantial toxicological effect towards the ecosystem. These transformations largely involve chemical and physical processes, which depend on the properties of both ENMs and the receiving medium. In this review article, the critical issues that controlling the transport and toxicity of ENMs are reviewed by exploiting the latest reports and future directions and targets are keenly discussed to minimize the pessimistic effects of ENMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanaz Jahan
- Department of Geology, Environmental and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Ismail Bin Yusoff
- Department of Geology, Environmental and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yatimah Binti Alias
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
- University Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids (UMCiL), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Farid Bin Abu Bakar
- Department of Geology, Environmental and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
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156
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Cervantes-Avilés P, Camarillo Piñas N, Ida J, Cuevas-Rodríguez G. Influence of wastewater type on the impact generated by TiO 2 nanoparticles on the oxygen uptake rate in activated sludge process. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 190:35-44. [PMID: 28039817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Physicochemical characteristics of wastewater have a relationship with the stability of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). This in turn has an effect on the toxicity of TiO2 NPs in microorganisms. In this work, the effect of TiO2 NPs on activated sludge process was evaluated using three different types of wastewater: synthetic, raw, and filtered. The results showed that aggregate size of TiO2 NPs and their specific adsorption of substrates were influenced by the type of substrates and the presence of suspended solids in the wastewater. It was also shown that TiO2 NPs in raw wastewater severely inhibited oxygen uptake by microorganisms as compared to uptake in synthetic or filtered wastewater. The attachment of TiO2 NP aggregates on cell membranes was observed for all types of wastewater. However, the internalization of TiO2 NPs by microorganisms was observed only for raw and filtered wastewater. These results indicate that the effects caused by TiO2 NPs on activated sludge were different depending on the wastewater used for the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabel Cervantes-Avilés
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Division, University of Guanajuato, Av. Juárez 77, Zona Centro, Guanajuato, Gto. 36000, Mexico
| | - Nayeli Camarillo Piñas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Division, University of Guanajuato, Av. Juárez 77, Zona Centro, Guanajuato, Gto. 36000, Mexico
| | - Junichi Ida
- Department of Science and Engineering for Sustainable Innovation, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Soka University, 1-236, Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan
| | - Germán Cuevas-Rodríguez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Division, University of Guanajuato, Av. Juárez 77, Zona Centro, Guanajuato, Gto. 36000, Mexico.
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157
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Haynes VN, Ward JE, Russell BJ, Agrios AG. Photocatalytic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on aquatic organisms-Current knowledge and suggestions for future research. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 185:138-148. [PMID: 28213304 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are entering natural systems through product usage, industrial waste and post-consumer material degradation. As the production of nanoparticles is expected to increase in the next decade, so too are predicted environmental loads. Engineered metal-oxide nanomaterials, such as titanium dioxide, are known for their photocatalytic capabilities. When these nanoparticles are exposed to ultraviolet radiation in the environment, however, they can produce radicals that are harmful to aquatic organisms. There have been a number of studies that have reported the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the absence of light. An increasing number of studies are assessing the interactive effects of nanoparticles and ultraviolet light. However, most of these studies neglect environmentally-relevant experimental conditions. For example, researchers are using nanoparticle concentrations and light intensities that are too high for natural systems, and are ignoring water constituents that can alter the light field. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of the photocatalytic effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on aquatic organisms, discuss the limitations of these studies, and outline environmentally-relevant factors that need to be considered in future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vena N Haynes
- University of Connecticut, Department of Marine Sciences, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340, United States.
| | - J Evan Ward
- University of Connecticut, Department of Marine Sciences, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340, United States.
| | - Brandon J Russell
- University of Connecticut, Department of Marine Sciences, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340, United States.
| | - Alexander G Agrios
- University of Connecticut, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 261 Glenbrook Road Unit 3037, Storrs, CT 06269, United States.
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158
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Xia B, Zhu L, Han Q, Sun X, Chen B, Qu K. Effects of TiO 2 nanoparticles at predicted environmental relevant concentration on the marine scallop Chlamys farreri: An integrated biomarker approach. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 50:128-135. [PMID: 28178595 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) have caused extensive concern about their toxic effects on the marine environment. However, the chronic toxicity of NPs at predicted environmental relevant concentration on the marine organisms is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and histopathological effects of TiO2 NPs at predicted environmental relevant concentration (1mg/L) to marine scallop Chlamys farreri. The results showed that TiO2 NPs caused obviously oxidative damage on the scallops as evidenced by the significantly elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. The increased acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activities reflected neurotoxicity of TiO2 NPs. The histopathological analysis revealed alterations in the gill and digestive gland, such as dysplastic and necrosis. Additionally, integrated biomarker response (IBR) values indicated that TiO2 NPs can cause strong toxic effects on the scallop. These results suggested that predicted environmental relevant TiO2 NPs can cause adverse effects on scallops and IBR analysis can be used as an effective approach for risk assessment of NPs on the marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xia
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Lin Zhu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qian Han
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bijuan Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Keming Qu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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159
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Li J, Schiavo S, Rametta G, Miglietta ML, La Ferrara V, Wu C, Manzo S. Comparative toxicity of nano ZnO and bulk ZnO towards marine algae Tetraselmis suecica and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:6543-6553. [PMID: 28074370 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The wide use of ZnO nanoparticles in a number of products implies an increasing release into the marine environment, resulting in the need to evaluate the potential effects upon organisms, and particularly phytoplankton, being at the base of the throphic chain. To this aim, dose-response curves for the green alga Tetraselmis suecica and the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum derived from the exposure to nano ZnO (100 nm) were evaluated and compared with those obtained for bulk ZnO (200 nm) and ionic zinc. The toxic effects to both algae species were reported as no observable effect concentration (NOEC) of growth inhibition and as 1, 10, and 50% effect concentrations (EC1, EC10, and EC50). The toxicity decreased in the order nano ZnO > Zn2+ > bulk ZnO. EC50 values for nano ZnO were 3.91 [3.66-4.14] mg Zn/L towards the green microalgae and 1.09 [0.96-1.57] mg Zn/L towards the diatom, indicating a higher sensitivity of P. tricornutum. The observed diverse effects can be ascribed to the interaction occurring between different algae and ZnO particles. Due to algae motility, ZnO particles were intercepted in different phases of aggregation and sedimentation processes, while algae morphology and size can influence the level of entrapment by NP aggregates.This underlines the need to take into account the peculiarity of the biological system in the assessment of NP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiji Li
- University of Naples "Federico II, Parco Gussone 1, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
- Enea CR Portici, P. le E. Fermi, 1, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
- National Engineering Research Center of Maricultural Facilities of China, Zhejiang Ocean University, Haida South Road 1, 316022, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Simona Schiavo
- University of Naples "Federico II, Parco Gussone 1, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
- Enea CR Portici, P. le E. Fermi, 1, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Vera La Ferrara
- Enea CR Portici, P. le E. Fermi, 1, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Changwen Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Maricultural Facilities of China, Zhejiang Ocean University, Haida South Road 1, 316022, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Sonia Manzo
- Enea CR Portici, P. le E. Fermi, 1, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy.
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160
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Biochemical responses induced by co-exposition to arsenic and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the estuarine polychaete Laeonereis acuta. Toxicology 2017; 376:51-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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161
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Minetto D, Libralato G, Marcomini A, Volpi Ghirardini A. Potential effects of TiO 2 nanoparticles and TiCl 4 in saltwater to Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Artemia franciscana. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 579:1379-1386. [PMID: 27913027 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized titanium dioxide (nTiO2) is widespread in many commercial products and several authors investigated its ecotoxicity effects focusing mainly on freshwater environments. Data on saltwater species are still lacking or present contradicting results. We compared for the first time the toxicity of TiCl4 and nTiO2 considering standard toxicity tests with microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum (growth inhibition test, 1.8-90mg/L) and crustacean Artemia franciscana (mortality test, 0.5-64mg/L). For A. franciscana, two alternative scenarios were considered beside standard protocol: i) darkness; and ii) starvation. About microalgae, results evidenced that effects of TiCl4 (EC50=63mg/L) were greater than nTiO2 (no EC50), but IC10 and IC20 were significantly lower suggesting that nTiO2 is more harmful than TiCl4 at lower concentrations. The effects of TiCl4 to crustaceans larvae in all exposure scenarios were lower compared to nTiO2 (EC50(96h)=15mg/L - standard protocol). During toxicity testing, the absence of light generally lowered nTiO2 effects while starvation increased the toxicity of both TiCl4 and nTiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Minetto
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - G Libralato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia ed. 7, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - A Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - A Volpi Ghirardini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
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162
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Schiavo S, Duroudier N, Bilbao E, Mikolaczyk M, Schäfer J, Cajaraville MP, Manzo S. Effects of PVP/PEI coated and uncoated silver NPs and PVP/PEI coating agent on three species of marine microalgae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 577:45-53. [PMID: 27751687 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, applications for silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) continue to increase together with the concerns about their potential input and hazards in aquatic ecosystems, where microalgae are key organisms. The aim of the present study was to assess the relative sensitivity of three marine microalgae species with differences in cell wall composition/structure exposed to Poly N-vinyl-2-pirrolidone/Polyethyleneimine (PVP/PEI) coated 5nm Ag NPs and uncoated 47nm Ag NP. As limited attention has been paid to the role of coating agents in NP toxicity, the effect of PVP/PEI alone was also evaluated. After 72h in artificial seawater, 47nm Ag NPs formed around 1400nm size aggregates while PVP/PEI coated 5nm Ag NPs reached around 90nm. Ag+ release in seawater was around 3% for 47nm Ag NPs and 30% for PVP/PEI coated 5nm Ag NPs. PVP/PEI coated 5nm Ag NP aggregates entrapped the algal cells in a network of heteroaggregates, while uncoated 47nm Ag NPs interacted to a lesser extent with algae. The concentration of PVP/PEI coated 5nm Ag NPs that exerted the median effect (EC50) on algae growth pointed out differences in algae sensitivity: T. suecica was about 10 times more sensitive than I. galbana and P. tricornutum. Further, the coating agent alone was as toxic to algae as PVP/PEI coated 5nm Ag NPs, suggesting that presence of the coating agent was the main driver of toxicity of coated NPs. Uncoated 47nm Ag NPs instead, showed similar toxicity towards algae although P. tricornutum was slightly less sensitive than T. suecica and I. galbana, which agrees with the presence of a resistant silicified cell wall in the diatom. The present work demonstrates differences in sensitivity of three marine microalgae, possibly related to their cell surface and size characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schiavo
- Enea CR Portici, P. le E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - N Duroudier
- Dep. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
| | - E Bilbao
- Dep. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
| | - M Mikolaczyk
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - J Schäfer
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - M P Cajaraville
- Dep. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
| | - S Manzo
- Enea CR Portici, P. le E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
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163
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Tang Y, Xin H, Malkoske T, Yin D. The Toxicity of Nanoparticles to Algae. BIOACTIVITY OF ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5864-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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164
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Deng XY, Cheng J, Hu XL, Wang L, Li D, Gao K. Biological effects of TiO 2 and CeO 2 nanoparticles on the growth, photosynthetic activity, and cellular components of a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 575:87-96. [PMID: 27728848 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It is very important to have a good understanding of the biological effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on marine diatoms. In this study, the physiological and biochemical responses of a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum to titanium dioxide NPs (nano-TiO2) and cerium oxide NPs (nano-CeO2) were compared and evaluated using 96h growth tests in a batch-culture system. At 96h of exposure, the growth inhibition rate (IR, %) of P. tricornutum increased from 5.46 to 27.31% with increasing nano-TiO2 concentrations from 2.5 to 40mgL-1. The maximum IR of 49.59% occurred in 40mgL-1 nano-TiO2 treatments at 48h of exposure. Growth of the diatom was increased in low nano-CeO2 treatments (≤5mgL-1), but was inhibited in high nano-CeO2 treatments (≥10mgL-1). Large aggregates of NPs were attached to the cells of P. tricornutum in 20 and 40mgL-1 nano-TiO2 and nano-CeO2 treatments. In addition, the effective quantum yields (ΦPSII) of P. tricornutum in 40mgL-1 nano-TiO2 and nano-CeO2 treatments were 83.33 and 71.13% of that in the controls at 96h of exposure, respectively. Compared with that of the controls at 96h of exposure, chlorophyll a content, soluble sugar content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, SOD and POD activities of P. tricornutum in 40mgL-1 nano-TiO2 and nano-CeO2 treatments increased by 57.56, 142.97, 373.25, 698.76, 204.85% and 21.43, 89.41, 194.97, 340.05, 502.86%, while soluble protein content decreased by 70.38 and 28.64%, respectively. These findings will be helpful to understand the effect mechanisms of NPs on marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yuan Deng
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Jie Cheng
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Xiao-Li Hu
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Ling Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Da Li
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Kun Gao
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
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165
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Potential Applications of Nanotechnology in Thermochemical Conversion of Microalgal Biomass. NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOENERGY AND BIOFUEL PRODUCTION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45459-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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166
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Du S, Zhang P, Zhang R, Lu Q, Liu L, Bao X, Liu H. Reduced graphene oxide induces cytotoxicity and inhibits photosynthetic performance of the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 164:499-507. [PMID: 27619061 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Increased use of graphene materials might ultimately lead to their release into the environment. However, only a few studies have investigated the impact of graphene-based materials on green plants. In this study, the impact of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) on the microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus was evaluated to determine its phytotoxicity. Treatment with RGO suppressed the growth of the microalgae. The 72-h IC50 values of RGO evaluated using the logistic and Gompertz models were 148 and 151 mg L-1, respectively. RGO significantly inhibited Chl a and Chl a/b levels in the algal cells. Chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis showed that RGO significantly down-regulated photosystem II activity. The mechanism of how RGO inhibited algal growth and photosynthetic performance was determined by analyzing the alterations in ultrastructural morphology. RGO adhered to the algal cell surface as a semitranslucent coating. Cell wall damage and membrane integrity loss occurred in the treated cells. Moreover, nuclear chromatin clumping and starch grain number increase were noted. These changes might be attributed to the increase in malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species levels, which might have exceeded the scavenging ability of antioxidant enzymes (including peroxidase and superoxide dismutase). RGO impaired the extra- and intra-cellular morphology and increased oxidative stress and thus inhibited algal growth and photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoting Du
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qi Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Bao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China.
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167
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Fan W, Liu T, Li X, Peng R, Zhang Y. Nano-TiO 2 affects Cu speciation, extracellular enzyme activity, and bacterial communities in sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 218:77-85. [PMID: 27552040 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In aquatic ecosystems, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) coexist with heavy metals and influence the existing forms and toxicities of the metal in water. However, limited information is available regarding the ecological risk of this coexistence in sediments. In this study, the effect of nano-TiO2 on Cu speciation in sediments was investigated using sequential extraction. The microcosm approach was also employed to analyze the effects of the coexistence of nano-TiO2 and Cu on extracellular enzyme activity and bacterial communities in sediments. Results showed that nano-TiO2 decreased the organic matter-bound fraction of Cu and increased the corresponding residual fraction Cu. As a result, speciation of exogenous Cu in sediments changed. During the course of the 30-day experiment, the presence of nano-TiO2 did not affect Cu-induced changes in bacterial community structure. However, the coexistence of nano-TiO2 and Cu restrained the activity of bacterial extracellular enzymes, such as alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase. The degree of inhibition also varied because of the different properties of extracellular enzymes. This research highlighted the importance of understanding and predicting the effects of the coexistence of nanomaterials and other pollutants in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhong Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Ruishuang Peng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China
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168
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Galletti A, Seo S, Joo SH, Su C, Blackwelder P. Effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles derived from consumer products on the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:21113-21122. [PMID: 27596588 PMCID: PMC7337103 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7556-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Increased manufacture of TiO2 nanoproducts has caused concern about the potential toxicity of these products to the environment and in public health. Identification and confirmation of the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles derived from consumer products as opposed to industrial TiO2 NPs warrant examination in exploring the significance of their release and resultant impacts on the environment. To this end, we examined the significance of the release of these particles and their toxic effect on the marine diatom algae Thalassiosira pseudonana. Our results indicate that nano-TiO2 sunscreen and toothpaste exhibit more toxicity in comparison to industrial TiO2 and inhibited the growth of the marine diatom T. pseudonana. This inhibition was proportional to the exposure time and concentrations of nano-TiO2. Our findings indicate a significant effect, and therefore, further research is warranted in evaluation and assessment of the toxicity of modified nano-TiO2 derived from consumer products and their physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Galletti
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, University of Miami, 1251 Memorial Dr. McArthur Engineering Building, Coral Gables, FL, 33146-0630, USA
| | - Seokju Seo
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, University of Miami, 1251 Memorial Dr. McArthur Engineering Building, Coral Gables, FL, 33146-0630, USA
| | - Sung Hee Joo
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, University of Miami, 1251 Memorial Dr. McArthur Engineering Building, Coral Gables, FL, 33146-0630, USA.
| | - Chunming Su
- Ground Water and Ecosystems Restoration Division, National Risk Management, Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK, 74820, USA
| | - Pat Blackwelder
- Department of Marine Geosciences, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL, 33149-1098, USA
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169
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Li J, Zheng X, Liu K, Sun S, Li X. Effect of tetracycline on the growth and nutrient removal capacity of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in simulated effluent from wastewater treatment plants. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:1163-1169. [PMID: 27472492 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effect of tetracycline, which is on the growth, physiological characteristics, and contaminants removal by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The results showed that the biomass and photosynthetic pigment concentration of C. reinhardtii exposed to tetracycline were lower than those of the control, while the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, were higher than those of the control. Additionally, when the tetracycline concentration reached 0.25mg/L, the removal of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreased from 80.8 to 55.0%, 100 to 92.5%, and 36.5 to 11.5%, respectively. Thus, tetracycline concentrations of 0-0.25mg/L are expected to have a significant effect on the growth and nutrient removal of C. reinhardtii in recycled water from wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Zheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Kaichuan Liu
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xiaochen Li
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China.
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170
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Wang Y, Zhu X, Lao Y, Lv X, Tao Y, Huang B, Wang J, Zhou J, Cai Z. TiO2 nanoparticles in the marine environment: Physical effects responsible for the toxicity on algae Phaeodactylum tricornutum. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 565:818-826. [PMID: 27060054 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale titanium dioxide (nTiO2) has been widely used in cosmetics, catalysts, varnishes, etc., which is raising concerns about its potential hazards to the ecosystem, including the marine environment. In this study, the toxicological effect of nTiO2 on the marine phytoplankton Phaeodactylum tricornutum was carefully investigated. The results showed that nTiO2 at concentrations ≥20mg/L could significantly inhibit P. tricornutum growth. The 5-day EC50 of nTiO2 to P. tricornutum growth is 167.71mg/L. Interestingly, nTiO2 was found to exert its most severe inhibition effects on the first day of exposure, at a lower EC50 of 12.65mg/L. During the experiment, nTiO2 aggregates were found to entrap algae cells, which is likely responsible for the observed toxic effects. Direct physical effects such as cell wall damage from the algae entrapment were confirmed by flow cytometry and TEM imaging. Moreover, low indirect effects such as shading and oxidative stress were observed, which supported the idea that direct physical effects could be the dominant factor that causes nTiO2 toxicity in P. tricornutum. Our research provides direct evidence for the toxicological impact of nTiO2 on marine microalgae, which will help us to build a good understanding of the ecological risks of nanoparticles in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yongmin Lao
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaohui Lv
- Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yi Tao
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Boming Huang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- School of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhonghua Cai
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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171
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Lv X, Gao B, Sun Y, Dong S, Wu J, Jiang B, Shi X. Effects of grain size and structural heterogeneity on the transport and retention of nano-TiO2 in saturated porous media. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 563-564:987-995. [PMID: 26774131 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Accurately predicting the fate and transport of nano-TiO2 in porous media is critical to assess its environmental impact. This study was designed to understand the effects of gain size and structural heterogeneity under different ionic strength (IS) on the fate and transport of nano-TiO2 in saturated porous media. In the columns packed homogenously with sand of different grain sizes (920, 550, 390, and 275μm), the transport of nano-TiO2 decreased when the IS increased from 0.1 to 1 or 10mM. For all the three IS conditions, the retention of the nano-TiO2 particles in the columns increased when the gain size decreased, and the mobility of the nano-TiO2 was the lowest in the sand at size of 275μm with recovery rates of 0.30% to 1.72%. The mass recovery rates of TiO2 in other homogeneous columns were higher and ranged from 0.37% to 59.9%. Structural heterogeneity created two flow domains for the retention and transport of nano-TiO2 particles in the saturated porous media. The fast-flow domain dominated the flow and transport processes of the nano-TiO2 in the heterogeneous columns under the tested conditions. As a result, the transport of nano-TiO2 in the heterogeneous porous media was faster and higher than that in the homogeneous columns under similar experimental conditions. Because of the dominance of the fast-flow domain, the recovery rates of the nano-TiO2 in the heterogeneous columns were similar and ranged from 59.8% to 66.9%. These results reflected the importance of preferential flow to the fate and transport of nano-TiO2 particle in porous media. Simulations from a two-domain model matched the experimental breakthrough curves very well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hydrosciences Department, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hydrosciences Department, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Shunan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hydrosciences Department, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jichun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hydrosciences Department, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Beilei Jiang
- Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaoqing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hydrosciences Department, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China.
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172
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Zhang C, Wang J, Tan L, Chen X. Toxic effects of nano-ZnO on marine microalgae Skeletonema costatum: Attention to the accumulation of intracellular Zn. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 178:158-164. [PMID: 27498363 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To explore toxic mechanisms of nano-ZnO on marine microalgae, algal growth inhibition test was carried out, and total Zn in the cell and total dissolved Zn in f/2 medium were determined. It was found that nano-ZnO was more toxic than bulk-ZnO on marine microalgae Skeletonema costatum. No matter under nano-ZnO or bulk-ZnO treatment, accumulation of intracellular Zn had a good linear correlation with growth inhibition ratio (IR). The total Zn content in the cell of microalgae was the dominant toxic mechanism of ZnO. Intracellular total Zn could be an indispensable parameter to indicate the toxic effects of nano-ZnO. Higher intracellular total Zn under nano-ZnO treatment than bulk-ZnO resulted in more toxicity of nano-ZnO on microalgae. Compared with Zn(2+) released by nano-ZnO into medium, lipid peroxidation (MDA level) injury, aggregation of nano-ZnO and transmembrane process of nano-ZnO also contributed to toxicity of nano-ZnO on Skeletonema costatum. The accumulation of intracellular Zn provides a new insight into toxic mechanisms of nano-ZnO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Liju Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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173
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Barbero CA, Yslas EI. Ecotoxicity Effects of Nanomaterials on Aquatic Organisms. APPLYING NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY 2016. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0585-3.ch014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The increasing production and use of engineered nanomaterials raise concerns about inadvertent exposure and the potential for adverse effects on the aquatic environment. The aim of this chapter is focused on studies of nanotoxicity in different models of aquatic organisms and their impact. Moreover, the chapter provides an overview of nanoparticles, their applications, and the potential nanoparticle-induced toxicity in aquatic organisms. The topics discussed in this chapter are the physicochemical characteristic of nanomaterials (size, aggregation, morphology, surface charge, reactivity, dissolution, etc.) and their influence on toxicity. Further, the text discusses the direct effect of nanomaterials on development stage (embryonic and adult) in aquatic organisms, the mechanism of action as well as the toxicity data of nanomaterials in different species.f action as well as the toxicity data of nanomaterials in different species.
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174
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Liu N, Wen F, Li F, Zheng X, Liang Z, Zheng H. Inhibitory mechanism of phthalate esters on Karenia brevis. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 155:498-508. [PMID: 27151426 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of phthalate esters (PAEs), a class of widely used and environmentally prevalent chemicals, raises concern to environmental and human health globally. The PAEs have been demonstrated to inhibit algae growth, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this research, diethyl ortho-phthalate (DEP), diallyl phthalate (DAP), di-n-butyl ortho-phthalate (DBP), di-iso-butyl ortho-phthalate, and benzyl-n-butyl ortho-phthalate (BBP) were screened from 11 species of PAEs to study their inhibitory effects on Karenia brevis and determine their target sites on algae. With increasing the alkyl chains of these five PAEs, the values of EC50,96h decreased. The content of malondialdehyde increased with the continuous accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the algae cells. Moreover, the superoxide dismutase and catalase contents were first activated and then inhibited. The ultrastructures of Karenia brevis cells were detected by transmission electron microscopy, and cells treated with PAEs exhibiting distorted shapes and large vacuoles. Thus, the algae were damaged by ROS accumulation, resulting in lipid oxidation and algal growth inhibition. The inhibitors of the electron transport chain showed that the sites of ROS production and accumulation in K. brevis cells under DEP and BBP were the mitochondria and chloroplast, respectively. Moreover, the target sites of DAP and DBP were both the chloroplast and mitochondria. These results are useful for controlling PAEs contamination in and revealing the fate of PAEs in aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Fuling Wen
- Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, 261041, China
| | - Fengmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Xiang Zheng
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Zhi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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175
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Zhang H, Huang Q, Xu A, Wu L. Spectroscopic probe to contribution of physicochemical transformations in the toxicity of aged ZnO NPs to Chlorella vulgaris: new insight into the variation of toxicity of ZnO NPs under aging process. Nanotoxicology 2016; 10:1177-87. [PMID: 27248459 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2016.1196252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are one of the most abundantly applied nanomaterials in nanotechnology-based industries and they may cause unexpected environmental and health risks with their physicochemical transformations in the environment. Currently, there is still a lack of the in-depth understanding of the toxicity of aged ZnO NPs to aquatic organisms, particularly demanding quantitative analysis of the physicochemical transformations to distinguish their contributions in the toxicity assessment. For this purpose, therefore, we initiated the study of the toxicity of aged ZnO NPs to the model aquatic microalga, i.e. Chlorella vulgaris, and with the aid of spectroscopic tools for characterization and quantification of the physicochemical transformations, we scrutinized the toxicity variations for ZnO NPs with different aging times. As a result, we found that the toxicity altered in an abnormal manner with the aging time, i.e. the toxicity of aged ZnO NPs for 30 days showed the higher toxicity to the green alga than the fresh ZnO NPs or the ZnO NPs aged for longer time (e.g. 120 and 210 days). Through spectroscopic tools such as XRD, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, we made both the qualitative and quantitative assessments of the physicochemical changes of the ZnO NPs, and confirmed that in the early stage, the toxicity mainly stemmed from the release of zinc ions, but with longer aging time, the neoformation of the nanoparticles played the critical role, leading to the overall reduced toxicity due to the less toxic hydrozincite and zinc hydroxide in the transformed compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- a Institute of Technical Biology and Agriculture Engineering, Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology of Anhui Province, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei , China , and
| | - Qing Huang
- a Institute of Technical Biology and Agriculture Engineering, Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology of Anhui Province, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei , China , and.,b National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, and School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science & Technology of China , Hefei , China
| | - An Xu
- a Institute of Technical Biology and Agriculture Engineering, Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology of Anhui Province, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei , China , and
| | - Lijun Wu
- a Institute of Technical Biology and Agriculture Engineering, Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology of Anhui Province, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei , China , and
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176
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Schiavo S, Oliviero M, Miglietta M, Rametta G, Manzo S. Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of ZnO nanoparticles for Dunaliella tertiolecta and comparison with SiO2 and TiO2 effects at population growth inhibition levels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 550:619-627. [PMID: 26849326 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in commercial products has intensified the potential release into the aquatic environment where algae represent the basis of the trophic chain. NP effects upon algae population growth were indeed already reported in literature, but the concurrent effects at cellular and genomic levels are still largely unexplored. Our work investigates the genotoxic (by COMET assay) and cytotoxic effects (by qualitative ROS production and cell viability) of ZnO nanoparticles toward marine microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta. A comparison at defined population growth inhibition levels (i.e. 50% Effect Concentration, EC50, and No Observed Effect Concentration, NOEC) with SiO2 and TiO2 genotoxic effects and previously investigated cytotoxic effects (Manzo et al., 2015) was performed in order to elucidate the possible diverse mechanisms leading to algae growth inhibition. After 72h exposure, ZnO particles act firstly at the level of cell division inhibition (EC50: 2mg Zn/L) while the genotoxic action is evident only starting from 5mg Zn/L. This outcome could be ascribable mainly to the release of toxic ions from the aggregate of ZnO particle in the proximity of cell membrane. In the main, at EC50 and NOEC values for ZnO NPs showed the lowest cytotoxic and genotoxic effect with respect to TiO2 and SiO2. Based on Mutagenic Index (MI) the rank of toxicity is actually: TiO2>SiO2>ZnO with TiO2 and SiO2 that showed similar MI values at both NOEC and EC50 concentrations. The results presented herein suggest that up to TiO2 NOEC (7.5mg/L), the algae DNA repair mechanism is efficient and the DNA damage does not result in an evident algae population growth inhibition. A similar trend for SiO2, although at lower effect level with respect to TiO2, is observable. The comparison among all the tested nanomaterial toxicity patterns highlighted that the algae population growth inhibition occurred through pathways specific for each NP also related to their different physicochemical behaviors in seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schiavo
- Enea CR Portici, P. le E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
| | - M Oliviero
- Enea CR Portici, P. le E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - M Miglietta
- Enea CR Portici, P. le E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - G Rametta
- Enea CR Portici, P. le E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - S Manzo
- Enea CR Portici, P. le E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
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177
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Huang J, Cheng J, Yi J. Impact of silver nanoparticles on marine diatom Skeletonema costatum. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 36:1343-54. [PMID: 27080522 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
When silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used commercially at a large scale, they infiltrate the environment at a rapid pace. However, the impact of large quantities of AgNPs on aquatic ecosystems is still largely unknown. In aquatic ecosystems, the phytoplanktons have a vital ecological function and, therefore, the potential impact of AgNPs on the microalgae community has elicited substantial concern. Therefore, in this study, the impacts of AgNPs on a marine diatom, the Skeletonema costatum, are investigated, with a focus on their photosynthesis and associated mechanisms. Exposure to AgNPs at a concentration of 0.5 mg l(-1) significantly induces excess intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS, 122%) and reduces 28% of their cell viability. More importantly, exposure to AgNPs reduces the algal chlorophyll-a content. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted, which revealed that AgNPs obstruct the light absorption of algae because they adhere to their surface. The maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) demonstrates that exposure to AgNPs significantly inhibits the conversion of light energy into photosynthetic electron transport. Moreover, the genes of the photosystem II reaction center protein (D1) are significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05) upon exposure to 5 mg l(-1) AgNPs. These results suggest that the physical adhesion and effects of shading of AgNPs on algae might affect their light energy delivery system and damage the crucial protein function of PSII. The photosynthesis inhibition effect of AgNPs is largely different from Ag(+) . This study shows that AgNPs at higher concentrations might have serious consequences for the succession of the phytoplankton communities and aquatic ecosystem equilibrium. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.,City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Jinping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.,City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.,Environmental Science Programs, School of Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.,City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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178
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von Moos N, Koman VB, Santschi C, Martin OJF, Maurizi L, Jayaprakash A, Bowen P, Slaveykova VI. Pro-oxidant effects of nano-TiO2on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during short-term exposure. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16639c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This is the first continuous quantification of abiotic and biotic nano-TiO2– stimulated H2O2revealing that measured extracellular and intracellular pro-oxidant endpoints inC. reinhardtiican differ significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia von Moos
- Environmental Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences
- School of Earth and Environmental Science
- University of Geneva
- Uni Carl Vogt
| | - Volodymyr B. Koman
- Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Christian Santschi
- Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Olivier J. F. Martin
- Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Lionel Maurizi
- Powder Technology Laboratory
- Institute of Materials
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland; ; Tel: +41 21 69 36902
| | - Amarnath Jayaprakash
- Powder Technology Laboratory
- Institute of Materials
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland; ; Tel: +41 21 69 36902
| | - Paul Bowen
- Powder Technology Laboratory
- Institute of Materials
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland; ; Tel: +41 21 69 36902
| | - Vera I. Slaveykova
- Environmental Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences
- School of Earth and Environmental Science
- University of Geneva
- Uni Carl Vogt
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179
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Girardello F, Custódio Leite C, Vianna Villela I, da Silva Machado M, Luiz Mendes Juchem A, Roesch-Ely M, Neves Fernandes A, Salvador M, Antonio Pêgas Henriques J. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce genotoxicity but not mutagenicity in golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 170:223-228. [PMID: 26675368 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NP) in consumer products is the cause of its appearance in wastewater and effluents, reaching the aquatic environment. The evaluation of the biological impact of TiO2-NP and the need to understand its ecotoxicological impact to the aquatic ecosystem are of major concern. Bivalve mollusks may represent a target group for nanoparticle toxicity. Limnoperna fortunei (golden mussel), a freshwater bivalve organism that has been employed in biomonitoring environmental conditions. Comet assay, micronucleus test and oxidative damage to lipids and proteins were performed after the golden mussel was exposed to TiO2-NP (1, 5, 10 and 50μgmL(-1)). The results demonstrate that TiO2-NP can damage the DNA of haemocytes after 2h of exposure and the genotoxic activity significantly increased after 4h exposure to TiO2-NP, at all the TiO2-NP concentrations. TiO2-NP was ineffective in causing mutagenicity in the haemolymph cells of golden mussel. The increase in the lipid peroxidation levels and carbonyl proteins after the exposure to TiO2-NP indicates the induction of oxidative stress at 2h exposure with similar results to all TiO2-NP concentrations, but these effects did not occur at 4h exposure. These results demonstrated that, although TiO2-NP is not mutagenic to golden mussel, it does induce DNA damage and oxidative stress in these organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Girardello
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.
| | - Camila Custódio Leite
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Izabel Vianna Villela
- InnVitro Research and Development, Rua Mariante 180, Sala 902, 90430-180 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Miriana da Silva Machado
- InnVitro Research and Development, Rua Mariante 180, Sala 902, 90430-180 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Biophysics/Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Campus do Vale Setor 4, P.O. Box 43422, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Mendes Juchem
- Department of Biophysics/Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Campus do Vale Setor 4, P.O. Box 43422, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Roesch-Ely
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Andreia Neves Fernandes
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, P.O. Box 15003, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mirian Salvador
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - João Antonio Pêgas Henriques
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil; InnVitro Research and Development, Rua Mariante 180, Sala 902, 90430-180 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Biophysics/Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Campus do Vale Setor 4, P.O. Box 43422, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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180
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Angel BM, Vallotton P, Apte SC. On the mechanism of nanoparticulate CeO2 toxicity to freshwater algae. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 168:90-97. [PMID: 26461912 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The factors affecting the chronic (72-h) toxicity of three nanoparticulate (10-34nm) and one micron-sized form of CeO2 to the green alga, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata were investigated. To characterise transformations in solution, hydrodynamic diameters (HDD) were measured by dynamic light scatter, zeta potential values by electrophoretic mobility, and dissolution by equilibrium dialysis. The protective effects of humic and fulvic dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on toxicity were also assessed. To investigate the mechanisms of algal toxicity, the CytoViva hyperspectral imaging system was used to visualise algal-CeO2 interactions in the presence and absence of DOC, and the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was investigated by 'switching off' ROS production using UV-filtered lighting conditions. The nanoparticulate CeO2 immediately aggregated in solution to HDDs measured in the range 113-193nm, whereas the HDD and zeta potential values were significantly lower in the presence of DOC. Negligible CeO2 dissolution over the time course of the bioassay ruled out potential toxicity from dissolved cerium. The nanoparticulate CeO2 concentration that caused 50% inhibition of algal growth rate (IC50) was in the range 7.6-28mg/L compared with 59mg/L for micron-sized ceria, indicating that smaller particles were more toxic. The presence of DOC mitigated toxicity, with IC50s increasing to greater than 100mg/L. Significant ROS were generated in the nanoparticulate CeO2 bioassays under normal light conditions. However, 'switching off' ROS under UV-filtered light conditions resulted in a similar IC50, indicating that ROS generation was not the toxic mechanism. The CytoViva imaging showed negligible sorption of nanoparticulate CeO2 to algal cells in the presence of DOC, and strong sorption in its absence, suggesting that this was the toxic mechanism. The results suggest that DOC in natural waters will coat CeO2 particles and mitigate toxicity to algal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad M Angel
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water Flagship, Locked Bag 2007, Kirrawee, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Pascal Vallotton
- Digital Productivity Flagship, CSIRO, North Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia
| | - Simon C Apte
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water Flagship, Locked Bag 2007, Kirrawee, NSW 2232, Australia
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181
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A Comparison Effect of Copper Nanoparticles versus Copper Sulphate on Juvenile Epinephelus coioides: Growth Parameters, Digestive Enzymes, Body Composition, and Histology as Biomarkers. Int J Genomics 2015; 2015:783021. [PMID: 26527479 PMCID: PMC4617423 DOI: 10.1155/2015/783021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) are components in numerous commercial products, but little is known about their potential hazard in the marine environments. In this study the effects of Cu-NPs and soluble Cu on juvenile Epinephelus coioides were investigated. The fish were exposed in triplicate to control, 20 or 100 µg Cu L(-1) as either copper sulphate (CuSO4) or Cu-NPs for 25 days. The growth performance decreased with increasing CuSO4 or Cu-NPs dose, more so in the CuSO4 than Cu-NPs treatment. Both forms of Cu exposure inhibited activities of digestive enzymes (protease, amylase, and lipase) found in liver, stomach, and intestine. With an increase in CuSO4 and Cu-NPs dose, crude protein and crude lipid decreased, but ash and moisture increased, more so in the CuSO4 than Cu-NPs treatment. The Cu-NPs treatment caused pathologies in liver and gills, and the kinds of pathologies were broadly of the same type as with CuSO4. With an increase in CuSO4 or Cu-NPs dose, the total polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased, but total monounsaturated fatty acids and total saturated fatty acids increased compared to control. Overall, these data showed that Cu-NPs had a similar type of toxic effects as CuSO4, but soluble Cu was more toxic than Cu-NPs.
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182
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Hu W, Yin J, Deng B, Hu Z. Application of nano TiO2 modified hollow fiber membranes in algal membrane bioreactors for high-density algae cultivation and wastewater polishing. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 193:135-41. [PMID: 26125613 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membranes with nano-TiO2 (5% of PVDF by mass, average size = 25 nm) additives were fabricated and applied for high-density algae (Chlorella vulgaris) cultivation. At the average light intensity of 121 μmol/m(2)/s, the algal membrane bioreactors (A-MBR) operated at a hydraulic retention time of 0.5d and an average solids retention time of 25d had an average algae biomass concentration of 2350 ± 74 mg/L (in COD units) and algal biomass production rate of 6.5 ± 0.1g/m(2)/d. The A-MBRs removed an average of 78% of phosphorus from the wastewater at the initial total phosphorus concentrations ranging from 3.5 to 8.6 mg/L. The nano TiO2-embedded membranes had improved surface hydrophilicity with its total resistance about 50% lower than that of the control. This study demonstrated that PVDF/TiO2 nanocomposite membranes had a better antifouling property for high-density algae cultivation and wastewater polishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Baolin Deng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
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183
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Manzo S, Buono S, Rametta G, Miglietta M, Schiavo S, Di Francia G. The diverse toxic effect of SiO₂ and TiO₂ nanoparticles toward the marine microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:15941-15951. [PMID: 26054456 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in many industrial applications. NP fate and behavior in seawater are a very important issue for the assessment of their environmental impact and potential toxicity. In this study, the toxic effects of two nanomaterials, silicon dioxide (SiO2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs with similar primary size (~20 nm), on marine microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta were investigated and compared. The dispersion behavior of SiO2 and TiO2 NPs in seawater matrix was investigated together with the relative trend of the exposed algal population growth. SiO2 aggregates rapidly reached a constant size (600 nm) irrespective of the concentration while TiO2 NP aggregates grew up to 4 ± 5 μm. The dose-response curve and population growth rate alteration of marine alga D. tertiolecta were evaluated showing that the algal population was clearly affected by the presence of TiO2 NPs. These particles showed effects on 50 % of the population at 24.10 [19.38-25.43] mg L(-1) (EC50) and a no observed effect concentration (NOEC) at 7.5 mg L(-1). The 1 % effect concentration (EC1) value was nearly above the actual estimated environmental concentration in the aquatic environment. SiO2 NPs were less toxic than TiO2 for D. tertiolecta, with EC50 and NOEC values one order of magnitude higher. The overall toxic action seemed due to the contact between aggregates and cell surfaces, but while for SiO2 a direct action upon membrane integrity could be observed after the third day of exposure, TiO2 seemed to exert its toxic action in the first hours of exposure, mostly via cell entrapment and agglomeration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Manzo
- Enea CR Portici, P.le E. Fermi, 1, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy.
| | - S Buono
- CAISIAL Research Centre, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - G Rametta
- Enea CR Portici, P.le E. Fermi, 1, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - M Miglietta
- Enea CR Portici, P.le E. Fermi, 1, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - S Schiavo
- Enea CR Portici, P.le E. Fermi, 1, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - G Di Francia
- Enea CR Portici, P.le E. Fermi, 1, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
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184
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Li B, Huang W, Zhang C, Feng S, Zhang Z, Lei Z, Sugiura N. Effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on aerobic granulation of algal-bacterial symbiosis system and nutrients removal from synthetic wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 187:214-220. [PMID: 25855527 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The influence of TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) (10-50mg/L) on aerobic granulation of algal-bacterial symbiosis system was investigated by using two identical sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). Although little adverse effect was observed on their nitritation efficiency (98-100% in both reactors), algal-bacterial granules in the control SBR (Rc) gradually lost stability mainly brought about by algae growth. TiO2-NPs addition to RT was found to enhance the granulation process achieving stable and compact algal-bacterial granules with remarkably improved nitratation thus little nitrite accumulation in RT when influent TiO2-NPs⩾30mg/L. Despite almost similar organics and phosphorus removals obtained in both reactors, the stably high nitratation efficiency in addition to much stable granular structure in RT suggests that TiO2-NPs addition might be a promising remedy for the long-term operation of algal-bacterial granular system, most probably attributable to the stimulated excretion of extracellular polymeric substances and less filamentous TM7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Wenli Huang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Chao Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Sisi Feng
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
| | - Norio Sugiura
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Semarak, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia; Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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