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Iancu L, Muslim A, Aazmi S, Jitaru V. Postmortem skin microbiome signatures associated with human cadavers within the first 12 h at the morgue. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1234254. [PMID: 37564294 PMCID: PMC10410280 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1234254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Forensic microbiome studies expanded during the last decade, aiming to identify putative bacterial biomarkers to be used for the postmortem interval (PMI) estimation. Bacterial diversity and dynamics during decomposition are influenced by each individual's micro and macroenvironment, ante and postmortem conditions, varying across body sites and time. The skin, the largest organ of the human body, hosts a diverse microbial diversity, representing the first line of defense of a living individual. Targeting the investigation of the postmortem skin microbiome could help understanding the role of microbes during decomposition, and association with the ante and postmortem conditions. Methods The current study aimed to identify the postmortem skin microbiome signatures associated with eight human bodies, received at the Institute of Legal Medicine Iasi, Romania, during April and May 2021. A total of 162 samples (including triplicate) representing face and hands skin microbiome were investigated via Illumina MiSeq, upon arrival at the morgue (T0) and after 12 hours (T1). Results The taxonomic characteristics of the skin microbiota varied across different body sites. However, there were no significant differences in taxonomic profiles between collection time, T0 and T1, except for some dynamic changes in the abundance of dominant bacteria. Moreover, different microbial signatures have been associated with a specific cause of death, such as cardiovascular disease, while an elevated blood alcohol level could be associated with a decrease in bacterial richness and diversity. Discussion The places where the bodies were discovered seemed to play an important role in explaining the bacterial diversity composition. This study shows promising results towards finding common postmortem bacterial signatures associated with human cadavers within the first 12h at the morgue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Iancu
- Department of Criminal Justice, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Azdayanti Muslim
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute for Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor, Malaysia
- Microbiome Health and Environment (MiHeaRT), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shafiq Aazmi
- Microbiome Health and Environment (MiHeaRT), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
- School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
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Iyaswamy A, Lu K, Guan XJ, Kan Y, Su C, Liu J, Jaganathan R, Vasudevan K, Paul J, Thakur A, Li M. Impact and Advances in the Role of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Neurodegenerative Disease and Its Therapeutics. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2056. [PMID: 37509695 PMCID: PMC10377521 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles (BEVs) possess the capability of intracellular interactions with other cells, and, hence, can be utilized as an efficient cargo for worldwide delivery of therapeutic substances such as monoclonal antibodies, proteins, plasmids, siRNA, and small molecules for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). BEVs additionally possess a remarkable capacity for delivering these therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review summarizes the role and advancement of BEVs for NDs, AD, and their treatment. Additionally, it investigates the critical BEV networks in the microbiome-gut-brain axis, their defensive and offensive roles in NDs, and their interaction with NDs. Furthermore, the part of BEVs in the neuroimmune system and their interference with ND, as well as the risk factors made by BEVs in the autophagy-lysosomal pathway and their potential outcomes on ND, are all discussed. To conclude, this review aims to gain a better understanding of the credentials of BEVs in NDs and possibly discover new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Iyaswamy
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Kejia Lu
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xin-Jie Guan
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuxuan Kan
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chengfu Su
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ravindran Jaganathan
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh 30450, Malaysia
| | | | - Jeyakumari Paul
- Department of Physiology, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai 600005, India
| | - Abhimanyu Thakur
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Min Li
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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153
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Jin Y, Chen J, Chai Q, Zhu J, Jin X. Exploration of acupuncture therapy in the treatment of MCI patients with the ApoE ε4 gene based on the brain-gut axis theory. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:227. [PMID: 37422636 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04060-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the predementia phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The intestinal microbiome is altered in MCI and AD, and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 gene polymorphism is a risk factor for the progression of MCI to AD. This study aims to investigate the improvement in cognitive function of MCI patients with and without ApoE ε4 due to acupuncture and the changes in gut microbiota community composition and abundance in MCI. METHODS This randomized assessor-blind controlled study will enrol MCI patients with and without the ApoE ε4 gene (n = 60/60). Sixty subjects with the ApoE ε4 gene and 60 subjects without the ApoE ε4 gene will be randomly allocated into treatment and control groups in a 1:1 ratio. Intestinal microbiome profiles will be evaluated by 16 S rRNA sequencing of faecal samples and compared between the groups. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS Acupuncture is an effective method to improve cognitive function in MCI. This study will provide data on the relationship between the gut microbiota and the effectiveness of acupuncture in patients with MCI from a new angle. This study will also provide data on the relationship between the gut microbiota and an AD susceptibility gene by integrating microbiologic and molecular approaches. TRIAL REGISTRATION www.chictr.org.cn , ID: ChiCTR2100043017, recorded on 4 February 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jin
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Zhejiang Hospital, No. 1229 Gudun Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of General Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, No. 1229 Gudun Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qichen Chai
- Department of General Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, No. 1229 Gudun Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfang Zhu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Zhejiang Hospital, No. 1229 Gudun Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Jin
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Zhejiang Hospital, No. 1229 Gudun Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, China.
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154
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Torraville SE, Flynn CM, Kendall TL, Yuan Q. Life Experience Matters: Enrichment and Stress Can Influence the Likelihood of Developing Alzheimer's Disease via Gut Microbiome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1884. [PMID: 37509523 PMCID: PMC10377385 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease, characterized by the presence of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formed from abnormally phosphorylated tau proteins (ptau). To date, there is no cure for AD. Earlier therapeutic efforts have focused on the clinical stages of AD. Despite paramount efforts and costs, pharmaceutical interventions including antibody therapies targeting Aβ have largely failed. This highlights the need to alternate treatment strategies and a shift of focus to early pre-clinical stages. Approximately 25-40% of AD cases can be attributed to environmental factors including chronic stress. Gut dysbiosis has been associated with stress and the pathogenesis of AD and can increase both Aβ and NFTs in animal models of the disease. Both stress and enrichment have been shown to alter AD progression and gut health. Targeting stress-induced gut dysbiosis through probiotic supplementation could provide a promising intervention to delay disease progression. In this review, we discuss the effects of stress, enrichment, and gut dysbiosis in AD models and the promising evidence from probiotic intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Torraville
- Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Cassandra M Flynn
- Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Tori L Kendall
- Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Qi Yuan
- Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
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Priyank H, Shankar Prasad R, Shivakumar S, Sayed Abdul N, Pathak A, Cervino G, Cicciù M, Minervini G. Management protocols of chronic Orofacial Pain: A Systematic Review. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:395-402. [PMID: 37520608 PMCID: PMC10373074 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Chronic orofacial pain (CP) is a persistent and debilitating condition that affects the face, mouth, and jaw and can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life by posing problems to eat, speak, and perform everyday activities. By the means of this narrative review, we aim to assess different types of management modalities that exist to combat chronic orofacial pain. Design Various databases were explored with MeSH keywords of chronic orofacial pain, orofacial pain, and interventions and treatment protocols for eligible articles. After an extensive literature search, it was ascertained that this review identified four major categories of treatment modalities for the management of chronic orofacial pain, namely pharmacological management, psychological management, lifestyle interventions-based management, and current stimulation-based management. Results Of the four categories discussed, although pharmacological intervention offered the most immediate relief-especially from orofacial pain that was of a sudden, stab-like in nature-psychological management demonstrated a remarkable ability to reduce/alleviate the more serious aspect of chronic orofacial pain and was deemed better in comparison to the rest. Lifestyle-based techniques and current stimulation-based management were of limited use since they tended to focus more on the causal and not the symptomatic aspect of orofacial pain. Conclusions Many patients with persistent orofacial discomfort can experience notable improvements in their symptoms and general well-being by all the treatment modalities evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Priyank
- Department of Conservative, Endodontics & Aesthetic Dentistry, Dental College, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, India
| | - Ravi Shankar Prasad
- Department of Conservative, Endodontics & Aesthetic Dentistry, Dental College, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, India
| | - Sahana Shivakumar
- Public Health Dentistry, Peoples College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Peoples University, Bhopal, India
| | - Nishath Sayed Abdul
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anuja Pathak
- Public Health Dentistry, Peoples College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Peoples University, Bhopal, India
| | - Gabriele Cervino
- School of Dentistry Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania, Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
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156
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Terada M, Uchida M, Suga T, Isaka T. Altered gut microbiota richness in individuals with a history of lateral ankle sprain. Res Sports Med 2023; 31:719-733. [PMID: 35147057 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2022.2036989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine differences in the intestinal microbiota diversity in individuals with and without a history of a lateral ankle sprain (LAS). Fifty male college student athletes with (n=32) and without (n=18) a LAS history participated in this study. Faecal samples were collected in the morning after awakening during an off-season, and faecal microbiota were characterized via bacteria 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Alpha-diversity metrics and ß-diversity indices were calculated to assess the gut microbiota diversity. The LAS-history group significantly had lower Chao1 (p=0.020) and abundance-based coverage estimators (p=0.035) indices compared to the control group. Gut microbiota composition was not significantly different between athletes with a LAS history and controls (R2 =0.01, p 0.414). Athletes with a history of LASs had significantly higher proportions of Bacteroides Fragilis (p=0.024) and Ruminococcus Gnavus (p=0.021) compared with controls. The gut microbiota of athletes with a LAS history had less richness compared to controls, indicating potential associations between a LAS and the gut microbiota. This study highlights the potential link of a LAS to global health. This study may help raise awareness of strategies to prevent long-term health-related negative consequences in people suffering from LASs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Terada
- College of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tadashi Suga
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tadao Isaka
- College of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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157
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Salberg S, Macowan M, Yamakawa GR, Beveridge JK, Noel M, Marsland BJ, Mychasiuk R. Gut instinct: Sex differences in the gut microbiome are associated with changes in adolescent nociception following maternal separation in rats. Dev Neurobiol 2023; 83:219-233. [PMID: 37488954 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent chronic pain is a growing public health epidemic. Our understanding of its etiology is limited; however, several factors can increase susceptibility, often developing in response to an acute pain trigger such as a surgical procedure or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), or an adverse childhood experience (ACE). Additionally, the prevalence and manifestation of chronic pain is sexually dimorphic, with double the rates in females than males. Despite this, the majority of pre-clinical pain research focuses on males, leaving a gap in mechanistic understanding for females. Given that emerging evidence has linked the gut microbiome and the brain-gut-immune axis to various pain disorders, we aimed to investigate sex-dependent changes in taxonomic and functional gut microbiome features following an ACE and acute injury as chronic pain triggers. Male and female Sprague Dawley rat pups were randomly assigned to either a maternal separation (MS) or no stress paradigm, then further into a sham, mTBI, or surgery condition. Chronically, the von Frey test was used to measure mechanical nociception, and fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. Animals in the surgery group had an increase in pain sensitivity when compared to mTBI and sham groups, and this was complemented by changes to the gut microbiome. In addition, significant sex differences were identified in gut microbiome composition, which were exacerbated in response to MS. Overall, we provide preliminary evidence for sex differences and ACE-induced changes in bacterial composition that, when combined, may be contributing to heterogeneity in pain outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Salberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew Macowan
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glenn R Yamakawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jaimie K Beveridge
- Department of Psychology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Melanie Noel
- Department of Psychology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Benjamin J Marsland
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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158
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Dunalska A, Saramak K, Szejko N. The Role of Gut Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. Cells 2023; 12:1760. [PMID: 37443793 PMCID: PMC10341087 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive neuroinflammatory disease with a complex pathophysiological background. A variety of diverse factors have been attributed to the propagation of inflammation and neurodegeneration in MS, mainly genetic, immunological, and environmental factors such as vitamin D deficiency, infections, or hormonal disbalance. Recently, the importance of the gut-brain axis for the development of many neurological conditions, including stroke, movement disorders, and neuroinflammatory disorders, has been postulated. The purpose of our paper was to summarize current evidence confirming the role of the gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of MS and related disorders, such as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMO-SD). For this aim, we conducted a systematic review of the literature listed in the following databases: Medline, Pubmed, and Scopus, and were able to identify several studies demonstrating the involvement of the gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of MS and NMO-SD. It seems that the most relevant bacteria for the pathophysiology of MS are those belonging to Pseudomonas, Mycoplasma, Haemophilus, Blautia, Dorea, Faecalibacterium, Methanobrevibacter, Akkermansia, and Desulfovibrionaceae genera, while Clostridium perfringens and Streptoccocus have been demonstrated to play a role in the pathophysiology of NMO-SD. Following this line of evidence, there is also some preliminary data supporting the use of probiotics or other agents affecting the microbiome that could potentially have a beneficial effect on MS/NMO-SD symptoms and prognosis. The topic of the gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of MS is therefore relevant since it could be used as a biomarker of disease development and progression as well as a potential disease-modifying therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dunalska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Kamila Saramak
- Department of Neurology, Hochzirl Hospital, 6170 Hochzirl, Austria;
| | - Natalia Szejko
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Bioethics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
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Ritter K, Vetter D, Wernersbach I, Schwanz T, Hummel R, Schäfer MKE. Pre-traumatic antibiotic-induced microbial depletion reduces neuroinflammation in acute murine traumatic brain injury. Neuropharmacology 2023:109648. [PMID: 37385435 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The connection between dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and diseases and injuries of the brain has attracted considerable interest in recent years. Interestingly, antibiotic-induced microbial dysbiosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury (TBI), while early administration of antibiotics associates with improved survival in TBI patients. In animal models of TBI, short- or long-term administration of antibiotics, both peri- or post-operatively, were shown to induce gut microbiome dysbiosis but also anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. However, the acute consequences of microbial dysbiosis on TBI pathogenesis after discontinuation of antibiotic treatment are elusive. In this study, we tested whether pre-traumatic antibiotic-induced microbial depletion by vancomycin, amoxicillin, and clavulanic acid affects pathogenesis during the acute phase of TBI in adult male C57BL/6 mice. Pre-traumatic microbiome depletion did not affect neurological deficits over 72 h post injury (hpi) and brain histopathology, including numbers of activated astrocytes and microglia, at 72 hpi. However, astrocytes and microglia were smaller after pre-traumatic microbiome depletion compared to vehicle treatment at 72hpi, indicating less inflammatory activation. Accordingly, TBI-induced gene expression of the inflammation markers Interleukin-1β, complement component C3, translocator protein TSPO and the major histocompatibility complex MHC2 was attenuated in microbiome-depleted mice along with reduced Immunoglobulin G extravasation as a proxy of blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment. These results suggest that the gut microbiome contributes to early neuroinflammatory responses to TBI but does not have a significant impact on brain histopathology and neurological deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Ritter
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Diana Vetter
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Isa Wernersbach
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Thomas Schwanz
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.
| | - Regina Hummel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Michael K E Schäfer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany; Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), Germany; Focus Program Translational Neurosciences (FTN), Germany.
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160
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Jędrusiak A, Fortuna W, Majewska J, Górski A, Jończyk-Matysiak E. Phage Interactions with the Nervous System in Health and Disease. Cells 2023; 12:1720. [PMID: 37443756 PMCID: PMC10341288 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system manages all of our activities (e.g., direct thinking and decision-making processes). It receives information from the environment and responds to environmental stimuli. Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages, phages) are the most numerous structures occurring in the biosphere and are also found in the human organism. Therefore, understanding how phages may influence this system is of great importance and is the purpose of this review. We have focused on the effect of natural bacteriophages in the central nervous system, linking them to those present in the gut microbiota, creating the gut-brain axis network, as well as their interdependence. Importantly, based on the current knowledge in the field of phage application (e.g., intranasal) in the treatment of bacterial diseases associated with the brain and nervous system, bacteriophages may have significant therapeutic potential. Moreover, it was indicated that bacteriophages may influence cognitive processing. In addition, phages (via phage display technology) appear promising as a targeted therapeutic tool in the treatment of, among other things, brain cancers. The information collected and reviewed in this work indicates that phages and their impact on the nervous system is a fascinating and, so far, underexplored field. Therefore, the aim of this review is not only to summarize currently available information on the association of phages with the nervous system, but also to stimulate future studies that could pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches potentially useful in treating bacterial and non-bacterial neural diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Jędrusiak
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.J.); (J.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Wojciech Fortuna
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 54-427 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Phage Therapy Unit, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Majewska
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.J.); (J.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrzej Górski
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.J.); (J.M.); (A.G.)
- Phage Therapy Unit, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
- Infant Jesus Hospital, The Medical University of Warsaw, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Jończyk-Matysiak
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.J.); (J.M.); (A.G.)
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Bao Q, Liu Y, Zhang X, Li Y, Wang Z, Ye F, He X, Xia M, Chen Z, Yao J, Zhong W, Wu K, Wang Z, Sun M, Chen J, Hong X, Zhao L, Yin Z, Liang F. Clinical observation and mechanism of acupuncture on amnestic mild cognitive impairment based on the gut-brain axis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1198579. [PMID: 37415772 PMCID: PMC10321407 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1198579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is a pre-dementia condition associated with declined cognitive function dominated by memory impairment. The occurrence of aMCI is associated with the gut-brain axis. Previous studies have shown cognitive improvements in MCI after acupuncture treatment. This study evaluates whether acupuncture can produce a therapeutic effect in patients with aMCI by modulating the gut-brain axis. Methods and design This is a prospective, parallel, multicenter randomized controlled trial. A total of 40 patients with aMCI will be randomly assigned to an acupuncture group (AG) or a waiting-list group (WG), participants in both groups will receive health education on improving cognitive function at each visit, and acupuncture will be conducted twice a week for 12 weeks in the AG. Another 20 matched healthy volunteers will be enrolled as normal control. The primary outcome will be the change in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive scale score before and after treatment. Additionally, functional magnetic resonance imaging data, faeces, and blood will be collected from each participant to characterize the brain function, gut microbiota, and inflammatory cytokines, respectively. The differences between patients with aMCI and healthy participants, and the changes in the AG and WG groups before and after treatment will be observed. Ultimately, the correlation among brain function, gut microbiota, inflammatory cytokines, and clinical efficacy evaluation in patients with aMCI will be analyzed. Discussion This study will identify the efficacy and provide preliminary data on the possible mechanism of acupuncture in treating aMCI. Furthermore, it will also identify biomarkers of the gut microbiota, inflammatory cytokines, and brain function correlated with therapeutic effects. The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals. Clinical trial registration http://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2200062084.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongnan Bao
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- The West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaqin Li
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Ye
- The Sichuan Province People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia He
- The Rehabilitation Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Manze Xia
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenghong Chen
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Yao
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanqi Zhong
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Kexin Wu
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziwen Wang
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingsheng Sun
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojuan Hong
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Zihan Yin
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Fanrong Liang
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Acupuncture Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chengdu, China
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162
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Lynch JB, Gonzalez EL, Choy K, Faull KF, Jewell T, Arellano A, Liang J, Yu KB, Paramo J, Hsiao EY. Gut microbiota Turicibacter strains differentially modify bile acids and host lipids. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3669. [PMID: 37339963 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria from the Turicibacter genus are prominent members of the mammalian gut microbiota and correlate with alterations in dietary fat and body weight, but the specific connections between these symbionts and host physiology are poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we characterize a diverse set of mouse- and human-derived Turicibacter isolates, and find they group into clades that differ in their transformations of specific bile acids. We identify Turicibacter bile salt hydrolases that confer strain-specific differences in bile deconjugation. Using male and female gnotobiotic mice, we find colonization with individual Turicibacter strains leads to changes in host bile acid profiles, generally aligning with those produced in vitro. Further, colonizing mice with another bacterium exogenously expressing bile-modifying genes from Turicibacter strains decreases serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and adipose tissue mass. This identifies genes that enable Turicibacter strains to modify host bile acids and lipid metabolism, and positions Turicibacter bacteria as modulators of host fat biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Lynch
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Erika L Gonzalez
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kayli Choy
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kym F Faull
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kristie B Yu
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jorge Paramo
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Elaine Y Hsiao
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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163
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Rusch JA, Layden BT, Dugas LR. Signalling cognition: the gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1130689. [PMID: 37404311 PMCID: PMC10316519 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1130689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive function in humans depends on the complex and interplay between multiple body systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The gut microbiota, which vastly outnumbers human cells and has a genetic potential that exceeds that of the human genome, plays a crucial role in this interplay. The microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis is a bidirectional signalling pathway that operates through neural, endocrine, immune, and metabolic pathways. One of the major neuroendocrine systems responding to stress is the HPA axis which produces glucocorticoids such as cortisol in humans and corticosterone in rodents. Appropriate concentrations of cortisol are essential for normal neurodevelopment and function, as well as cognitive processes such as learning and memory, and studies have shown that microbes modulate the HPA axis throughout life. Stress can significantly impact the MGB axis via the HPA axis and other pathways. Animal research has advanced our understanding of these mechanisms and pathways, leading to a paradigm shift in conceptual thinking about the influence of the microbiota on human health and disease. Preclinical and human trials are currently underway to determine how these animal models translate to humans. In this review article, we summarize the current knowledge of the relationship between the gut microbiota, HPA axis, and cognition, and provide an overview of the main findings and conclusions in this broad field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody A. Rusch
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- C17 Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Groote Schuur Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Brian T. Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lara R. Dugas
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
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164
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Proano AC, Viteri JA, Orozco EN, Calle MA, Costa SC, Reyes DV, German-Montenegro M, Moncayo DF, Tobar AC, Moncayo JA. Gut Microbiota and Its Repercussion in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review in Occidental Patients. Neurol Int 2023; 15:750-763. [PMID: 37368331 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a relatively common and complex pathology, and some of its mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Change in host microbiota is related to the pathophysiology of numerous diseases. This systematic review aims to gather existing data on the occidental hemisphere, compare it, and search for any significant association between Parkinson's disease and gut microbiota dysbiosis. (2) Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and Meta-analyses Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) protocols were used for this systematic review. PubMed was used as the database search engine. Of the 166 studies found, only 10 were used, as they met our inclusion criteria: case-control studies, studies that assessed the correlation of PD and gut microbiome, studies that took place in occidental regions, and studies that were performed on humans and were written in English. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used as the assessment tool for overall risk of bias in this systematic review. (3) Results: The studies analyzed were divided into three geographic areas: Region 1: United States of America and Canada; Region 2: Germany, Ireland, and Finland; and Region 3: Italy; based on geographical similarities among these populations. The following statistically significant results were described in PD patients, compared with non-PD controls. In the first region, a significant increase in the following bacteria was seen: 1. Phylum: Actinobacteriota and its Genus: Bifidobacterium; 2. Phylum: Verrucomicrobiota and its Genus: Akkermansia; 3. Genus: Enterococcus, Hungatella, Lactobacillus, and Oscillospira of the Phylum: Firmicutes; 4. Family: Ruminococcaceae of Phylum: Firmicutes; 5. Phylum: Bacteroidetes and its Genus: Bacteroides; 6. Phylum: Proteobacteria. A significant decrease was described in the Family: Lachnospiraceae and its Genus: Blautia, Coprococcus, and Roseburia, which belong to the Phylum: Firmicutes. In the second region, a raised number of: 1. Phylum: Verrucomicrobiota, its Genus: Akkermansia, and its Species: Akkermansia muciniphila; 2. Family: Verrucomicrobiaceae of the Phylum: Verrucomicrobiota; 3. Genus: Lactobacillus and Roseburia of the Phylum: Firmicutes; 4. Family: Lactobacillaceae of the Phylum: Firmicutes; 5. Family: Barnesiellaceae of the Phylum: Bacteroidetes; 6. Genus: Bifidobacterium of the Phylum: Actinobacteriota; 7. Species: Bilophila wadsworthia of the Phylum: Thermodesulfobacteriota, was identified. Only one Genus: Prevotella of the Phylum: Bacteroidetes was decreased. In the third and last region, an augmented number of these bacteria were found: 1. Phylum: Verrucomicrobiota and its Genus: Akkermansia; 2. Family: Bifidobacteriaceae and Coriobacteriaceae of the Phylum: Actinobacteriota; 3. Phylum: Firmicutes and its Family: Christensenellaceae and Lactobacillaceae; 4. Family: Enterococcaceae and its Genus: Enterococcus, of the Phylum: Firmicutes; 5. Genus: Lactococcus and Oscillospira, of the Phylum: Firmicutes; 6. Phylum: Proteobacteria, its Family: Enterobacteriaceae, and the Genus: Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Salmonella, and Shigella; 7. Genus: ParaBacteroides of the Phylum: Bacteroidetes. In contrast, a significant decrease in 1. Phylum: Firmicutes, its Family: Lachnospiraceae, and its Genus: Roseburia and 2. Genus: Ruminococcus of the Phylum: Firmicutes, was described. (4) Conclusion: A significant gut dysbiosis, involving multiple bacterial taxa, was found in PD patients compared to healthy people in the occidental regions. However, more studies are needed to find the precise pathophysiologic involvement of other groups of pathogens, such as fungi and parasites, in the development and progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Proano
- School of Medicine, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito 170411, Ecuador
| | - Javier A Viteri
- School of Medicine, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Cumbayá 170901, Ecuador
| | - Eileen N Orozco
- School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Marco Antonio Calle
- School of Medicine, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil 090615, Ecuador
| | | | - Daniel V Reyes
- School of Medicine, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito 170411, Ecuador
| | | | - David F Moncayo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Andrea C Tobar
- School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Juan A Moncayo
- Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79439, USA
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165
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Scott E, Brewer MS, Peralta AL, Issa FA. The Effects of Social Experience on Host Gut Microbiome in Male Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2023; 244:177-189. [PMID: 38457676 DOI: 10.1086/729377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
AbstractAlthough the gut and the brain vastly differ in physiological function, they have been interlinked in a variety of different neurological and behavioral disorders. The bacteria that comprise the gut microbiome communicate and influence the function of various physiological processes within the body, including nervous system function. However, the effects of social experience in the context of dominance and social stress on gut microbiome remain poorly understood. Here, we examined whether social experience impacts the host zebrafish (Danio rerio) gut microbiome. We studied how social dominance during the first 2 weeks of social interactions changed the composition of zebrafish gut microbiome by comparing gut bacterial composition, diversity, and relative abundance between socially dominant, submissive, social isolates and control group-housed communal fish. Using amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we report that social dominance significantly affects host gut bacterial community composition but not bacterial diversity. At the genus level, Aeromonas and unclassified Enterobacteriaceae relative abundance decreased in dominant individuals while commensal bacteria (e.g., Exiguobacterium and Cetobacterium) increased in relative abundance. Conversely, the relative abundance of Psychrobacter and Acinetobacter was increased in subordinates, isolates, and communal fish compared to dominant fish. The shift in commensal and pathogenic bacteria highlights the impact of social experience and the accompanying stress on gut microbiome, with potentially similar effects in other social organisms.
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166
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Khatoon S, Kalam N, Rashid S, Bano G. Effects of gut microbiota on neurodegenerative diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1145241. [PMID: 37323141 PMCID: PMC10268008 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1145241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A progressive degradation of the brain's structure and function, which results in a reduction in cognitive and motor skills, characterizes neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington's disease (HD). The morbidity linked to NDs is growing, which poses a severe threat to human being's mental and physical ability to live well. The gut-brain axis (GBA) is now known to have a crucial role in the emergence of NDs. The gut microbiota is a conduit for the GBA, a two-way communication system between the gut and the brain. The myriad microorganisms that make up the gut microbiota can affect brain physiology by transmitting numerous microbial chemicals from the gut to the brain via the GBA or neurological system. The synthesis of neurotransmitters, the immunological response, and the metabolism of lipids and glucose have all been demonstrated to be impacted by alterations in the gut microbiota, such as an imbalance of helpful and harmful bacteria. In order to develop innovative interventions and clinical therapies for NDs, it is crucial to comprehend the participation of the gut microbiota in these conditions. In addition to using antibiotics and other drugs to target particular bacterial species that may be a factor in NDs, this also includes using probiotics and other fecal microbiota transplantation to maintain a healthy gut microbiota. In conclusion, the examination of the GBA can aid in understanding the etiology and development of NDs, which may benefit the improvement of clinical treatments for these disorders and ND interventions. This review indicates existing knowledge about the involvement of microbiota present in the gut in NDs and potential treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Khatoon
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Nida Kalam
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gulnaz Bano
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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167
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Feng S, Meng C, Liu Y, Yi Y, Liang A, Zhang Y, Hao Z. Bacillus licheniformis prevents and reduces anxiety-like and depression-like behaviours. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12580-7. [PMID: 37209162 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
As common mental disorders, depression and anxiety impact people all around the world. Recent studies have found that the gut microbiome plays an important role in mental health. It is becoming possible to treat mental disorders by regulating the composition of the gut microbiota. Bacillus licheniformis is a probiotic used to treat gut diseases through balancing the gut microbiome during lasting years. Considering the role of gut microbiota in the gut-brain axis, this study used chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model rats to explore whether Bacillus licheniformis can prevent and treat depression and anxiety. We found that B. licheniformis reduced the depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviours of the rats during the CUMS process. Meanwhile, B. licheniformis changed the gut microbiota composition; increased the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the colon, decreased kynurenine, norepinephrine, and glutamate levels; and increased the tryptophan, dopamine, epinephrine, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. After correlation analysis, we found Parabacteroides, Anaerostipes, Ruminococcus-2, and Blautia showed significant correlation with neurotransmitters and SCFAs, indicating the gut microbiome plays an important role in B. licheniformis reducing depressive-like behaviours. Therefore, this study suggested B. licheniformis may prevent depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviours while regulating the gut microbiota composition and increasing the SCFA levels in the colon to alter the levels of the neurotransmitters in the brain. KEY POINTS: • B. licheniformis reduced depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviours induced by the chronic unpredictable mild stress. • GABA levels in the brain are assonated with B. licheniformis regulating depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviours. • Gut microbiota composition alteration followed by metabolic changes may play a role in the GABA levels increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Feng
- Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chen Meng
- Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yiyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yue Yi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Axin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yingyu Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China.
| | - Zikai Hao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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168
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Ciaunica A, Shmeleva EV, Levin M. The brain is not mental! coupling neuronal and immune cellular processing in human organisms. Front Integr Neurosci 2023; 17:1057622. [PMID: 37265513 PMCID: PMC10230067 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2023.1057622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant efforts have been made in the past decades to understand how mental and cognitive processes are underpinned by neural mechanisms in the brain. This paper argues that a promising way forward in understanding the nature of human cognition is to zoom out from the prevailing picture focusing on its neural basis. It considers instead how neurons work in tandem with other type of cells (e.g., immune) to subserve biological self-organization and adaptive behavior of the human organism as a whole. We focus specifically on the immune cellular processing as key actor in complementing neuronal processing in achieving successful self-organization and adaptation of the human body in an ever-changing environment. We overview theoretical work and empirical evidence on "basal cognition" challenging the idea that only the neuronal cells in the brain have the exclusive ability to "learn" or "cognize." The focus on cellular rather than neural, brain processing underscores the idea that flexible responses to fluctuations in the environment require a carefully crafted orchestration of multiple cellular and bodily systems at multiple organizational levels of the biological organism. Hence cognition can be seen as a multiscale web of dynamic information processing distributed across a vast array of complex cellular (e.g., neuronal, immune, and others) and network systems, operating across the entire body, and not just in the brain. Ultimately, this paper builds up toward the radical claim that cognition should not be confined to one system alone, namely, the neural system in the brain, no matter how sophisticated the latter notoriously is.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ciaunica
- Centre for Philosophy of Science, Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evgeniya V. Shmeleva
- Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Michael Levin
- Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
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169
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Yang R, Huang BY, Wang YN, Meng Q, Guo Y, Wang S, Yin XY, Feng H, Gong M, Wang S, Niu CY, Shi Y, Shi HS. Excision of mesenteric lymph nodes alters gut microbiota and impairs social dominance in adult mice. Brain Behav 2023:e3053. [PMID: 37157948 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) are central in immune anatomy. MLNs are associated with the composition of gut microbiota, affecting the central system and immune system. Gut microbiota was found to differ among individuals of different social hierarchies. Nowadays, excision of MLNs is more frequently involved in gastrointestinal surgery; however, the potential side effects of excision of MLNs on social dominance are still unknown. METHODS MLNs were removed from male mice (7-8 weeks old). Four weeks after MLN removal, social dominance test was performed to investigate social dominance; hippocampal and serum interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were investigated; and histopathology was used to evaluate local inflammation of the ileum. The composition of the gut microbiota was then examined to understand the possible mechanism, and finally intraperitoneal injection of IL-10 was used to validate the effect of IL-10 on social dominance. RESULTS There was a decrease in social dominance in the operation group compared to the control group, as well as a decrease in serum and hippocampal IL-10 levels, but no difference in serum and hippocampal IL-1β and TNF-α levels, and no local inflammation of the ileum after MLN removal. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that the relative abundance of the class Clostridia was decreased in the operation group. This decrease was positively associated with serum IL-10 levels. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of IL-10 in a subset of mice increased social dominance. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that MLNs contributed to maintaining social dominance, which might be associated with reduced IL-10 and the imbalance of specific flora in gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bo-Ya Huang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu-Ning Wang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qian Meng
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue-Yong Yin
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hao Feng
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Miao Gong
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Experimental Center for Teaching, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chun-Yu Niu
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hai-Shui Shi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
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170
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Medina-Rodriguez EM, Cruz AA, De Abreu JC, Beurel E. Stress, inflammation, microbiome and depression. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2023:173561. [PMID: 37148918 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are mental illnesses involving changes in mood, cognition and behavior. Their prevalence has rapidly increased in the last decades. One of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders is major depressive disorder (MDD), a debilitating disease lacking efficient treatments. Increasing evidence shows that microbial and immunological changes contribute to the pathophysiology of depression and both are modulated by stress. This bidirectional relationship constitutes the brain-gut axis involving various neuroendocrine, immunological, neuroenterocrine and autonomic pathways. The present review covers the most recent findings on the relationships between stress, the gut microbiome and the inflammatory response and their contribution to depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Medina-Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States of America; Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125, United States of America.
| | - Alyssa A Cruz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States of America
| | | | - Eléonore Beurel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America
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171
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Yang Q, Wang B, Zheng Q, Li H, Meng X, Zhou F, Zhang L. A Review of Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in Tumor Progression and Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207366. [PMID: 36951547 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota-derived metabolites are key hubs connecting the gut microbiome and cancer progression, primarily by remodeling the tumor microenvironment and regulating key signaling pathways in cancer cells and multiple immune cells. The use of microbial metabolites in radiotherapy and chemotherapy mitigates the severe side effects from treatment and improves the efficacy of treatment. Immunotherapy combined with microbial metabolites effectively activates the immune system to kill tumors and overcomes drug resistance. Consequently, various novel strategies have been developed to modulate microbial metabolites. Manipulation of genes involved in microbial metabolism using synthetic biology approaches directly affects levels of microbial metabolites, while fecal microbial transplantation and phage strategies affect levels of microbial metabolites by altering the composition of the microbiome. However, some microbial metabolites harbor paradoxical functions depending on the context (e.g., type of cancer). Furthermore, the metabolic effects of microorganisms on certain anticancer drugs such as irinotecan and gemcitabine, render the drugs ineffective or exacerbate their adverse effects. Therefore, a personalized and comprehensive consideration of the patient's condition is required when employing microbial metabolites to treat cancer. The purpose of this review is to summarize the correlation between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and cancer, and to provide fresh ideas for future scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqing Yang
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bin Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qinghui Zheng
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Heyu Li
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xuli Meng
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Long Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- International Biomed-X Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Center for Infection & Immunity of International Institutes of Medicine The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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172
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Baptista LC, Zumbro EL, Graham ZA, Hernandez AR, Buchanan T, Sun Y, Yang Y, Banerjee A, Verma A, Li Q, Carter CS, Buford TW. Multiomics profiling of the impact of an angiotensin (1-7)-expressing probiotic combined with exercise training in aged male rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:1135-1153. [PMID: 36892893 PMCID: PMC10125028 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00508.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin (1-7) [Ang (1-7)] is an active heptapeptide of the noncanonical arm of the renin-angiotensin system that modulates molecular signaling pathways associated with vascular and cellular inflammation, vasoconstriction, and fibrosis. Preclinical evidence suggests that Ang (1-7) is a promising therapeutic target that may ameliorate physical and cognitive function in late life. However, treatment pharmacodynamics limits its clinical applicability. Therefore, this study explored the underlying mechanisms altered by a genetically modified probiotic (GMP) that expresses Ang (1-7) combined with and without exercise training in an aging male rat model as a potential adjunct strategy to exercise training to counteract the decline of physical and cognitive function. We evaluated cross-tissue (prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, colon, liver, and skeletal muscle) multi-omics responses. After 12 wk of intervention, the 16S mRNA microbiome analysis revealed a main effect of probiotic treatment within- and between groups. The probiotic treatment enhanced α diversity (Inverse Simpson (F[2,56] = 4.44; P = 0.02); Shannon-Wiener (F[2,56] = 4.27; P = 0.02)) and β-diversity (F[2,56] = 2.66; P = 0.01) among rats receiving our GMP. The analysis of microbes' composition revealed three genera altered by our GMP (Enterorhabdus, Muribaculaceae unclassified, and Faecalitalea). The mRNA multi-tissue data analysis showed that our combined intervention upregulated neuroremodeling pathways on prefrontal cortex (i.e., 140 genes), inflammation gene expression in the liver (i.e., 63 genes), and circadian rhythm signaling on skeletal muscle. Finally, the integrative network analysis detected different communities of tightly (|r| > 0.8 and P < 0.05) correlated metabolites, genera, and genes in these tissues.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This manuscript uses a multiomics approach (i.e., microbiome, metabolomics, and transcriptomics) to explore the underlying mechanisms driven by a genetically modified probiotic (GMP) designed to express angiotensin (1-7) combined with moderate exercise training in an aged male rat model. After 12 wk of intervention, our findings suggest that our GMP enhanced gut microbial diversity while exercise training altered the transcriptional response in relevant neuroremodeling genes, inflammation, and circadian rhythm signaling pathways in an aging animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana C Baptista
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Research Center for Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Emily L Zumbro
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Zachary A Graham
- Research Service, Birmingham Veterans Affair Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Healthspan, Resilience and Performance, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, Florida, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Abbi R Hernandez
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Taylor Buchanan
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Yi Sun
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Department of Life, Health, and Physical Sciences, Gordon College, Wenham, Massachusetts, United States
| | - YouFeng Yang
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Anisha Banerjee
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Amrisha Verma
- Department of Life, Health, and Physical Sciences, Gordon College, Wenham, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Qiuhong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Christy S Carter
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Thomas W Buford
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
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173
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Goodkin K, Evering TH, Anderson AM, Ragin A, Monaco CL, Gavegnano C, Avery RJ, Rourke SB, Cysique LA, Brew BJ. The comorbidity of depression and neurocognitive disorder in persons with HIV infection: call for investigation and treatment. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1130938. [PMID: 37206666 PMCID: PMC10190964 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1130938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression and neurocognitive disorder continue to be the major neuropsychiatric disorders affecting persons with HIV (PWH). The prevalence of major depressive disorder is two to fourfold higher among PWH than the general population (∼6.7%). Prevalence estimates of neurocognitive disorder among PWH range from 25 to over 47% - depending upon the definition used (which is currently evolving), the size of the test battery employed, and the demographic and HIV disease characteristics of the participants included, such as age range and sex distribution. Both major depressive disorder and neurocognitive disorder also result in substantial morbidity and premature mortality. However, though anticipated to be relatively common, the comorbidity of these two disorders in PWH has not been formally studied. This is partly due to the clinical overlap of the neurocognitive symptoms of these two disorders. Both also share neurobehavioral aspects - particularly apathy - as well as an increased risk for non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Shared pathophysiological mechanisms potentially explain these intersecting phenotypes, including neuroinflammatory, vascular, and microbiomic, as well as neuroendocrine/neurotransmitter dynamic mechanisms. Treatment of either disorder affects the other with respect to symptom reduction as well as medication toxicity. We present a unified model for the comorbidity based upon deficits in dopaminergic transmission that occur in both major depressive disorder and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Specific treatments for the comorbidity that decrease neuroinflammation and/or restore associated deficits in dopaminergic transmission may be indicated and merit study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Goodkin
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX, United States
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX, United States
| | - Teresa H. Evering
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Albert M. Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ann Ragin
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Cynthia L. Monaco
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
- Del Monte Institute of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Christina Gavegnano
- Department of Pathology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Chemical Biology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Atlanta Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Center for Bioethics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ryan J. Avery
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sean B. Rourke
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lucette A. Cysique
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruce J. Brew
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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174
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MUHAMMAD M, MUCHIMAPURA S, WATTANATHORN J. Microbiota-gut-brain axis impairment in the pathogenesis of stroke: implication as a potent therapeutic target. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2023; 42:143-151. [PMID: 37404572 PMCID: PMC10315190 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2022-067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The human microbiota-gut-brain axis has an enormous role in the maintenance of homeostasis and health. Over the last two decades, it has received concerted research attention and focus due to a rapidly emerging volume of evidence that has established that impairment within the microbiota-gut-brain axis contributes to the development and progression of various diseases. Stroke is one of the entities identified to be associated with microbiota-gut-brain axis impairment. Currently, there are still limitations in the clinical treatment of stroke, and the presence of a non-nervous factor from gut microbiota that can alter the course of stroke presents a novel strategy towards the search for a therapeutic silver bullet against stroke. Hence, the aim herein, was to focus on the involvement of microbiota-gut-brain axis impairment in the pathogenesis stroke as well as elucidate its implications as a potent therapeutic target against stroke. The findings of studies to date have revealed and extended the role microbiota-gut-brain axis impairment in the pathogenesis of stroke, and studies have identified from both clinical and pre-clinical perspectives targets within the microbiota-gut-brain axis and successfully modulated the outcome of stroke. It was concluded that the microbiota-gut-brain axis stands as potent target to salvage the neurons in the ischemic penumbra for the treatment of stroke. Assessment of the microbiota profile and its metabolites status holds enormous clinical potentials as a non-invasive indicator for the early diagnosis and prognosis of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubarak MUHAMMAD
- Graduate School (Neuroscience Program), Faculty of Medicine,
Khon Kaen University, 123 Moo 16 Mittraphap Rd., Nai-Muang, Muang District, Khon Kaen
40002, Thailand
| | - Supaporn MUCHIMAPURA
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen
University, 123 Moo 16 Mittraphap Rd., Nai-Muang, Muang District, Khon Kaen 40002,
Thailand
- Integrative Complementary Alternative Medicine Research and
Development Center in the Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health
Promotion, Khon Kaen University, 123 Moo 16 Mittraphap Rd., Nai-Muang, Muang District,
Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Jintanaporn WATTANATHORN
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen
University, 123 Moo 16 Mittraphap Rd., Nai-Muang, Muang District, Khon Kaen 40002,
Thailand
- Integrative Complementary Alternative Medicine Research and
Development Center in the Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health
Promotion, Khon Kaen University, 123 Moo 16 Mittraphap Rd., Nai-Muang, Muang District,
Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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175
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Hua H, Huang L, Yang B, Jiang S, Zhang Y, Liu J, Yan C, Xu J. The mediating role of gut microbiota in the associations of prenatal maternal combined exposure to lead and stress with neurodevelopmental deficits in young rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114798. [PMID: 36948003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal single and combined exposure to lead (Pb) and stress (Ps) impairs neurodevelopment. Prenatal single exposure to Pb or Ps affects the composition of intestinal microbiota, and bidirectional communication between gut microbiota and central nervous system has been well recognized. However, whether gut microbiota mediated the effects of prenatal Pb+Ps co-exposure on neurodevelopmental deficits remains unclear. This study established rat models with prenatal single and combined exposure to Ps and Pb. We investigated the effects of such prenatal single and combined exposure on hippocampal structures using morphological analyses, on learning/memory using the Morris-water-maze test, and on fecal microbiota using 16S rRNA sequencing. The mediating roles of gut microbiota were analyzed using the bootstrap method. The study found both single and combined exposure affected hippocampal ultra-structures and spatial learning/memory, and the most significant impairments were observed in the Pb+Ps group. Prenatal Pb+Ps co-exposure decreased fecal microbial alpha/beta-diversity. Significantly lower levels of B/F-ratio, class-Bacteroidia, order-Bacteroidales, and family-S24-7, and significantly higher levels of class-Bacilli, order-Lactobacillales, family-Lactobacillaceae, and genus-Lactobacillus were observed in the co-exposure group, compared with the controls. Increased relative abundances of genus-Helicobacter mediated the detrimental effect of prenatal Ps+Pb co-exposure on learning/memory [β (95%CI) for the total and indirect effects: - 10.70 (-19.19, -2.21) and - 4.65(-11.07, -1.85)], accounting for 43.47% of the total effect. As a result, increased relative abundances of genus-Lactobacillus alleviated the adverse effects of the co-exposure on learning/memory, and the alleviation effect accounted for 44.55% of the direct effect [β (95%CI) for the direct and indirect effects: - 0.28(-0.48, -0.08) and 0.13(0.01, 0.41)]. This study suggested that prenatal combined exposure to Pb and Ps induced more impairments in offspring gut microbiota and neurodevelopment than single exposure, and alterations in fecal microbiome may mediate the developmental neurotoxicity induced by such prenatal co-exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hua
- The International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20092, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Neurosurgery Department, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shiwei Jiang
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20092, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20092, China
| | - Junxia Liu
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20092, China
| | - Chonghuai Yan
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20092, China
| | - Jian Xu
- The International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai 200030, China; MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20092, China.
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176
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Türay S, Cangür Ş, Kahraman G, Kayabaşı E, Çetiner ÖF, Aydın B, Öztürk CE. Can the Gut Microbiota Serve as a Guide to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Childhood Epilepsy? Pediatr Neurol 2023; 145:11-21. [PMID: 37245274 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the activity of the gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis of childhood epilepsy and to define biomarkers capable of assisting with determining new strategies in that context. METHODS Twenty children with epilepsy of "unknown etiology" and seven healthy controls in the same age group were included in the study. The groups were compared using a questionnaire. Stool samples were stored in tubes containing DNA/RNA Shield (Zymo Research) with a sterile swab. Sequencing was carried out using the MiSeq System (Illumina). The 16S rRNA sequencing of samples using next-generation sequencing involved V4 variable region polymerase chain reaction amplification concluded by 2 × 250-bp paired-end sequencing of amplicons and at least 50,000 reads (>Q30) per sample. DNA sequences were classified at the genus level using the Kraken program. Bioinformatics and statistical analysis were then performed. RESULTS Individuals' gut microbiota relative abundance values differed between the groups at the genus, order, class, family, and phylum levels. Flavihumibacter, Niabella, Anoxybacillus, Brevundimonas, Devosia, and Delftia were seen only in the control group, whereas Megamonas and Coriobacterium were observed only in the epilepsy group. The linear discriminant analysis effect size method identified 33 taxa as important in differentiating the groups. CONCLUSIONS We think that bacterial varieties (such as Megamonas and Coriobacterium) that differ between the two groups can be employed as useful biomarkers in the diagnosis and follow-up of epileptic patients. We also predict that, in addition to epilepsy treatment protocols, the restoration of eubiotic microbiota may increase the success of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Türay
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Duzce University Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey; Duzce University Faculty of Medicine, Duzce, Turkey.
| | - Şengül Cangür
- Duzce University Faculty of Medicine, Duzce, Turkey; Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Duzce University Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Gözde Kahraman
- Duzce University Faculty of Medicine, Duzce, Turkey; Department of Medical Microbiology, Duzce University Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Eda Kayabaşı
- Duzce University Faculty of Medicine, Duzce, Turkey; Department of Medical Microbiology, Duzce University Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Ömer Faruk Çetiner
- Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Tip Capa Campus, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak Aydın
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Department, Istanbul Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Health Sciences University Haydarpasa Campus, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cihadiye Elif Öztürk
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul, Turkey
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177
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Yeramilli V, Cheddadi R, Shah J, Brawner K, Martin C. A Review of the Impact of Maternal Prenatal Stress on Offspring Microbiota and Metabolites. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040535. [PMID: 37110193 PMCID: PMC10142778 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal prenatal stress exposure affects the development of offspring. We searched for articles in the PubMed database and reviewed the evidence for how prenatal stress alters the composition of the microbiome, the production of microbial-derived metabolites, and regulates microbiome-induced behavioral changes in the offspring. The gut-brain signaling axis has gained considerable attention in recent years and provides insights into the microbial dysfunction in several metabolic disorders. Here, we reviewed evidence from human studies and animal models to discuss how maternal stress can modulate the offspring microbiome. We will discuss how probiotic supplementation has a profound effect on the stress response, the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and how psychobiotics are emerging as novel therapeutic targets. Finally, we highlight the potential molecular mechanisms by which the effects of stress are transmitted to the offspring and discuss how the mitigation of early-life stress as a risk factor can improve the birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Yeramilli
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Riadh Cheddadi
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Juhi Shah
- Burnett School of Medicine, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | - Kyle Brawner
- Department of Biology, Lipscomb University, Nashville, TN 37204, USA
| | - Colin Martin
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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178
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Costa F, Beltrami E, Mellone S, Sacchetti S, Boggio E, Gigliotti CL, Stoppa I, Dianzani U, Rolla R, Giordano M. Genes and Microbiota Interaction in Monogenic Autoimmune Disorders. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1127. [PMID: 37189745 PMCID: PMC10135656 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Monogenic autoimmune disorders represent an important tool to understand the mechanisms behind central and peripheral immune tolerance. Multiple factors, both genetic and environmental, are known to be involved in the alteration of the immune activation/immune tolerance homeostasis typical of these disorders, making it difficult to control the disease. The latest advances in genetic analysis have contributed to a better and more rapid diagnosis, although the management remains confined to the treatment of clinical manifestations, as there are limited studies on rare diseases. Recently, the correlation between microbiota composition and the onset of autoimmune disorders has been investigated, thus opening up new perspectives on the cure of monogenic autoimmune diseases. In this review, we will summarize the main genetic features of both organ-specific and systemic monogenic autoimmune diseases, reporting on the available literature data on microbiota alterations in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Costa
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.C.); (S.S.); (E.B.); (C.L.G.); (I.S.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Eleonora Beltrami
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (E.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Simona Mellone
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (E.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Sara Sacchetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.C.); (S.S.); (E.B.); (C.L.G.); (I.S.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Elena Boggio
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.C.); (S.S.); (E.B.); (C.L.G.); (I.S.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Casimiro Luca Gigliotti
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.C.); (S.S.); (E.B.); (C.L.G.); (I.S.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Ian Stoppa
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.C.); (S.S.); (E.B.); (C.L.G.); (I.S.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.C.); (S.S.); (E.B.); (C.L.G.); (I.S.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (E.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Roberta Rolla
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.C.); (S.S.); (E.B.); (C.L.G.); (I.S.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (E.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Mara Giordano
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.C.); (S.S.); (E.B.); (C.L.G.); (I.S.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (E.B.); (S.M.)
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179
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Huang A, Ji L, Li Y, Li Y, Yu Q. Gut microbiome plays a vital role in post-stroke injury repair by mediating neuroinflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110126. [PMID: 37031605 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral stroke is a common neurological disease and often causes severe neurological deficits. With high morbidity, mortality, and disability rates, stroke threatens patients' life quality and brings a heavy economic burden on society. Ischemic cerebral lesions incur pathological changes as well as spontaneous nerve repair following stroke. Strategies such as drug therapy, physical therapy, and surgical treatment, can ameliorate blood and oxygen supply in the brain, hamper the inflammatory responses and maintain the structural and functional integrity of the brain. The gut microbiome, referred to as the "second genome" of the human body, participates in the regulation of multiple physiological functions including metabolism, digestion, inflammation, and immunity. The gut microbiome is not only inextricably associated with dangerous factors pertaining to stroke, including high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis, but also influences stroke occurrence and prognosis. AMPK functions as a hub of metabolic control and is responsible for the regulation of metabolic events under physiological and pathological conditions. The AMPK mediators have been found to exert dual roles in regulating gut microbiota and neuroinflammation/neuronal apoptosis in stroke. In this study, we reviewed the role of the gut microbiome in cerebral stroke and the underlying mechanism of the AMPK signaling pathway in stroke. AMPK mediators in nerve repair and the regulation of intestinal microbial balance were also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airu Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Ling Ji
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yamei Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.
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180
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Li D, Sun T, Tong Y, Le J, Yao Q, Tao J, Liu H, Jiao W, Mei Y, Chen J, Liu Z, Wang G, Li Y. Gut-microbiome-expressed 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase degrades estradiol and is linked to depression in premenopausal females. Cell Metab 2023; 35:685-694.e5. [PMID: 36933555 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Estradiol decline can result in depressive disorders in females; nevertheless, the causes of this decline are unclear. In this study, we isolated estradiol-degrading Klebsiella aerogenes from the feces of premenopausal females with depression. In mice, gavaging with this strain led to estradiol decline and depression-like behaviors. The gene encoding the estradiol-degrading enzyme in K. aerogenes was identified as 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD). Heterologously expressing 3β-HSD resulted in Escherichia coli obtaining the ability to degrade estradiol. Gavaging mice with 3β-HSD-expressing E. coli decreased their serum estradiol levels, causing depression-like behaviors. The prevalence of K. aerogene and 3β-HSD was higher in premenopausal women with depression than in those without depression. These results suggest that the estradiol-degrading bacteria and 3β-HSD enzymes are potential intervention targets for depression treatment in premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yongqing Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Juan Le
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Qian Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Woer Jiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yufeng Mei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Jingru Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Zhongchun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China.
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
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181
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Handajani YS, Hengky A, Schröder-Butterfill E, Hogervorst E, Turana Y. Probiotic supplementation improved cognitive function in cognitively impaired and healthy older adults: a systematic review of recent trials. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:1163-1169. [PMID: 36529793 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent evidence suggests that there is clear association between microbiota and cognitive functioning, which is known as microbiome-gut-brain axis. Probiotic bacteria consumption can alter human microbiota; therefore, probiotic supplementation might affect the gut microbiota dynamics and influence cognitive function. METHODS Three electronic databases including PubMed, ProQuest, and EBSCOHost databases were utilized. Manual hand search of article was also done. We selected randomized controlled trial articles that measure cognitive function (as the primary outcome) after intervention with probiotic supplementation on older adult population with AD, MCI, or healthy condition. The following terms and its variant were used: "probiotic," "cognitive function," "mild cognitive impairment," "dementia," and "Alzheimer's disease." RESULT Nine of 10 included studies (AD, MCI, or healthy cognition population) showed cognitive function was improved significantly after probiotic supplementation, compared to control group. One study that included severe AD did not show significant changes. CONCLUSION Most studies involving AD, MCI, or healthy older adults showed cognitive improvement in subjects treated with probiotics for 12-24 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Suzy Handajani
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jl. Pluit Raya, No. 2, Jakarta, 14440, Indonesia.
| | - Antoninus Hengky
- Center of Health Research, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Eef Hogervorst
- Sport Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Yuda Turana
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jl. Pluit Raya, No. 2, Jakarta, 14440, Indonesia
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182
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Celorrio M, Shumilov K, Rodgers R, Schriefer L, Li Y, Baldridge MT, Friess SH. Innate and Peripheral Immune Alterations after Traumatic Brain Injury Are Regulated in a Gut Microbiota-Dependent Manner in Mice. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:772-787. [PMID: 36259455 PMCID: PMC10061332 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients are at high risk for disruption of the gut microbiome. Previously, we have demonstrated that broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure after TBI drastically alters the gut microbiota and modulates neuroinflammation, neurogenesis, and long-term fear memory. However, these data did not determine if the impact of antibiotic exposure on the brain's response to injury was mediated directly by antibiotics or indirectly via modulation of the gut microbiota. We designed two different approaches to address this knowledge gap. One was utilizing fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from control and antibiotic-treated mice (treated with vancomycin, neomycin, ampicillin, and metronidazole [VNAM]) into germ-free (GF) mice prior to injury, and the other was exposing specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice to a 2-week period of antibiotics prior to injury but discontinuing antibiotics 72 h prior to injury. GF mice receiving FMT from VNAM-treated mice (GF-VNAM) demonstrated reduced gut bacterial alpha diversity and richness compared with GF mice receiving control FMT. At 7 days post-injury, GF-VNAM had increased microglial activation, reduced infiltration of T cells, and decreased neurogenesis. Similarly, SPF mice exposed to antibiotics prior to but not after injury demonstrated similar alterations in neuroinflammation and neurogenesis compared with control mice. These data support our hypothesis implicating the gut microbiota as an important modulator of the neuroinflammatory process and neurogenesis after TBI and provide an exciting new approach for neuroprotective therapeutics for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Celorrio
- Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kirill Shumilov
- Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rachel Rodgers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lawrence Schriefer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Megan T. Baldridge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Stuart H. Friess
- Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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183
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Seki D, Errerd T, Hall LJ. The role of human milk fats in shaping neonatal development and the early life gut microbiota. MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2023; 2:8. [PMID: 38047278 PMCID: PMC10688791 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Human breast milk (HBM) is the main source of nutrition for neonates across the critical early-life developmental period. The highest demand for energy is due to rapid neurophysiological expansion post-delivery, which is largely met by human milk lipids (HMLs). These HMLs also play a prebiotic role and potentially promote the growth of certain commensal bacteria, which, via HML digestion, supports the additional transfer of energy to the infant. In tandem, HMLs can also exert bactericidal effects against a variety of opportunistic pathogens, which contributes to overall colonisation resistance. Such interactions are pivotal for sustaining homeostatic relationships between microorganisms and their hosts. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms governing these interactions remain poorly understood. This review will explore the current research landscape with respect to HMLs, including compositional considerations and impact on the early life gut microbiota. Recent papers in this field will also be discussed, including a final perspective on current knowledge gaps and potential next research steps for these important but understudied breast milk components.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Seki
- Chair of Intestinal Microbiome, School of Life Sciences, ZIEL-Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Theresa Errerd
- Chair of Intestinal Microbiome, School of Life Sciences, ZIEL-Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Lindsay J Hall
- Chair of Intestinal Microbiome, School of Life Sciences, ZIEL-Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
- Gut Microbes & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
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184
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De Oliveira FL, Salgaço MK, de Oliveira MT, Mesa V, Sartoratto A, Peregrino AM, Ramos WS, Sivieri K. Exploring the Potential of Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 as Promising Psychobiotics Using SHIME. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061521. [PMID: 36986251 PMCID: PMC10056475 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychobiotics are probiotics that have the characteristics of modulating central nervous system (CNS) functions or reconciled actions by the gut-brain axis (GBA) through neural, humoral and metabolic pathways to improve gastrointestinal activity as well as anxiolytic and even antidepressant abilities. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 on the gut microbiota of mildly anxious adults using SHIME®. The protocol included a one-week control period and two weeks of treatment with L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175. Ammonia (NH4+), short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), cytokines and microbiota composition were determined. Probiotic strains decreased significantly throughout the gastric phase. The highest survival rates were exhibited by L. helveticus R0052 (81.58%; 77.22%) after the gastric and intestinal phase when compared to B. longum (68.80%; 64.64%). At the genus level, a taxonomic assignment performed in the ascending colon in the SHIME® model showed that probiotics (7 and 14 days) significantly (p < 0.005) increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and Olsenella and significantly decreased Lachnospira and Escheria-Shigella. The probiotic treatment (7 and 14 days) decreased (p < 0.001) NH4+ production when compared to the control period. For SCFAs, we observed after probiotic treatment (14 days) an increase (p < 0.001) in acetic acid production and total SCFAs when compared to the control period. Probiotic treatment increased (p < 0.001) the secretion of anti-inflammatory (IL-6 and IL-10) and decreased (p < 0.001) pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha) when compared to the control period. The gut-brain axis plays an important role in the gut microbiota, producing SCFAs and GABA, stimulating the production of anti-anxiety homeostasis. The signature of the microbiota in anxiety disorders provides a promising direction for the prevention of mental illness and opens a new perspective for using the psychobiotic as a main actor of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fellipe Lopes De Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition, and Food Engineering, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-060, SP, Brazil
| | - Mateus Kawata Salgaço
- Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition, and Food Engineering, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-060, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Victoria Mesa
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR-S 1139 (3PHM), Faculty of Pharmacy, F-75006 Paris, France
- Food and Human Nutrition Research Group, School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín 050010, Antioquia, Colombia
| | | | | | - Williams Santos Ramos
- APSEN Farmacêutica, Department of Medical Affairs, Santo Amaro 04753-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Katia Sivieri
- Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition, and Food Engineering, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-060, SP, Brazil
- University of Araraquara-UNIARA, Araraquara 14801-320, SP, Brazil
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185
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Martin SE, Kraft CS, Ziegler TR, Millson EC, Rishishwar L, Martin GS. The Role of Diet on the Gut Microbiome, Mood and Happiness. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.03.18.23287442. [PMID: 36993403 PMCID: PMC10055576 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.18.23287442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome may be both helpful and harmful, and not only is it affected by diet, it has also been shown to affect mental health including personality, mood, anxiety and depression. In this clinical study we assessed dietary nutrient composition, mood, happiness, and the gut microbiome in order to understand the role of diet in the gut microbiome and how that affects mood and happiness. For this pilot study, we enrolled 20 adults to follow this protocol: recording a 2-day food log, sampling their gut microbiome, and completing five validated surveys of mental health, mood, happiness and well-being, followed by a minimum 1 week diet change and repeating the food log, microbiome sampling and the 5 surveys. The change from a predominantly Western diet to vegetarian, Mediterranean and ketogenic diets led to changes in calorie and fiber intake. After the diet change, we observed significant changes in measures of anxiety, well-being and happiness, and without changes in gut microbiome diversity. We found strong correlations between greater consumption of fat and protein to lower anxiety and depression, while consuming higher percentages of carbohydrates was associated with increased stress, anxiety, and depression. We also found strong negative correlations between total calories and total fiber intake with gut microbiome diversity without correlations to measures of mental health, mood or happiness. We have shown that changing diet affects mood and happiness, that greater fat and carbohydrate intake is directly associated with anxiety and depression and inversely correlated with gut microbiome diversity. This study is an important step towards understanding how our diet affects the gut microbiome and in turn our mood, happiness and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Erin C Millson
- Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance (CTSA)
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186
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Wang Y, Zhu J, Zou N, Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhang M, Wang C, Yang L. Pathogenesis from the microbial-gut-brain axis in white matter injury in preterm infants: A review. Front Integr Neurosci 2023; 17:1051689. [PMID: 37006416 PMCID: PMC10060642 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2023.1051689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
White matter injury (WMI) in premature infants is a unique form of brain injury and a common cause of chronic nervous system conditions such as cerebral palsy and neurobehavioral disorders. Very preterm infants who survive are at high risk of WMI. With developing research regarding the pathogenesis of premature WMI, the role of gut microbiota has attracted increasing attention in this field. As premature infants are a special group, early microbial colonization of the microbiome can affect brain development, and microbiome optimization can improve outcomes regarding nervous system development. As an important communication medium between the gut and the nervous system, intestinal microbes form a microbial-gut-brain axis. This axis affects the occurrence of WMI in premature infants via the metabolites produced by intestinal microorganisms, while also regulating cytokines and mediating oxidative stress. At the same time, deficiencies in the microbiota and their metabolites may exacerbate WMI in premature infants. This confers promise for probiotics and prebiotics as treatments for improving neurodevelopmental outcomes. Therefore, this review attempted to elucidate the potential mechanisms behind the communication of gut bacteria and the immature brain through the gut-brain axis, so as to provide a reference for further prevention and treatment of premature WMI.
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187
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Xu J, Tang M, Wang D, Zhang X, Yang X, Ma Y, Xu X. Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus zz-1 Supplementation Mitigates Depression-Like Symptoms in Chronic Stress-Induced Depressed Mice via the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:1095-1106. [PMID: 36812493 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has revealed an association between depression and disordered intestinal microecology. The discovery of psychobiotics has provided a promising perspective for studying the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Here, we aimed to investigate the antidepressant abilities of Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus zz-1 (LRzz-1) and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The viable bacteria (2 × 109 CFU/day) were orally supplemented to depressed C57BL/6 mice induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and the behavioral, neurophysiological, and intestinal microbial effects were assessed, with fluoxetine used as a positive control. The treatment with LRzz-1 effectively mitigated the depression-like behavioral disorders of depressed mice and reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokine mRNA (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in the hippocampus. In addition, LRzz-1 treatment also improved tryptophan metabolic disorder in the mouse hippocampus, as well as its peripheral circulation. These benefits are associated with the mediation of microbiome-gut-brain bidirectional communication. CUMS-induced depression impaired the intestinal barrier integrity and microbial homeostasis in mice, neither of which was restored by fluoxetine. LRzz-1 prevented intestinal leakage and significantly ameliorated epithelial barrier permeability by up-regulating tight-junction proteins (including ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1). In particular, LRzz-1 improved the microecological balance by normalizing the threatened bacteria (e.g., Bacteroides and Desulfovibrio), exerting beneficial regulation (e.g., Ruminiclostridium 6 and Alispites), and modifying short-chain fatty acid metabolism. In summary, LRzz-1 showed considerable antidepressant-like effects and exhibited more comprehensive intestinal microecological regulation than other drugs, which offers novel insights that can facilitate the development of depression therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.,College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.,College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Danping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.,College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xuyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.,College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.,College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yanshi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.,College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.,College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
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188
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Majumdar A, Siva Venkatesh IP, Basu A. Short-Chain Fatty Acids in the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Role in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Viral Infections. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:1045-1062. [PMID: 36868874 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain axis (GBA) is the umbrella term to include all bidirectional communication between the brain and gastrointestinal (GI) tract in the mammalian body. Evidence from over two centuries describes a significant role of GI microbiome in health and disease states of the host organism. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mainly acetate, butyrate, and propionate that are the physiological forms of acetic acid, butyric acid, and propionic acid respectively, are GI bacteria derived metabolites. SCFAs have been reported to influence cellular function in multiple neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). In addition, the inflammation modulating properties of SCFAs make them suitable therapeutic candidates in neuroinflammatory conditions. This review provides a historical background of the GBA and current knowledge of the GI microbiome and role of individual SCFAs in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Recently, a few reports have also identified the effects of GI metabolites in the case of viral infections. Among these viruses, the flaviviridae family is associated with neuroinflammation and deterioration of CNS functions. In this context, we additionally introduce SCFA based mechanisms in different viral pathogenesis to understand the former's potential as agents against flaviviral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atreye Majumdar
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122052, India
| | | | - Anirban Basu
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122052, India
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Feng R, Zhu Q, Li Q, Zhai Y, Wang J, Qin C, Liang D, Zhang R, Tian H, Liu H, Chen Y, Fu Y, Wang X, Ding X. Microbiota-ear-brain interaction is associated with generalized anxiety disorder through activation of inflammatory cytokine responses. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1117726. [PMID: 36969214 PMCID: PMC10033601 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1117726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most enduring anxiety disorders, being associated with increased systemic inflammation. However, the trigger and mechanisms underlying the activation of inflammatory cytokine responses in GAD remain poorly understood.Materials and methodsWe characterized the ear canal microbiome in GAD patients through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic sequencing and identified the serum inflammatory markers in GAD patients. Spearman correlations were applied to test the relationship between the microbiota changes and systemic inflammation.ResultsOur findings showed the higher microbial diversity, accompanied with the significantly increased abundance of Proteobacteria, and decreased abundance of Firmicutes in the ear canal of GAD participants compared to that of the age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Metagenomic sequencing showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa were significantly increased at species-level in GAD patients. Furthermore, we observed the relative abundance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was positively associated with elevated systemic inflammatory markers and the severity of disease, suggesting that these ear canal microbiota alterations might be correlated with GAD by activating the inflammatory response.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that microbiota-ear-brain interaction via upregulating inflammatory reaction involve in the development of GAD, as well as suggest that ear canal bacterial communities may be a target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renyi Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qingyong Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qingchen Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanping Zhai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiuqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chi Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dongxiao Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haiyan Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yongkang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xuejing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Xuebing Ding, ; Xuejing Wang,
| | - Xuebing Ding
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Xuebing Ding, ; Xuejing Wang,
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190
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Menendez A, Guttman JA. From anatomy to immunity in the gastrointestinal system. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:941-946. [PMID: 36866415 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal system is classically known for its function in digesting food for nutrient uptake, but it plays a much larger role in the general health of organisms. Understanding the relationships between the gastrointestinal tract and inflammation, the nervous system, diseases caused through disregulation of molecular components as well as its association with beneficial and pathogenic microbes have been the focus of intense research over the many decades. In this Special Issue we delve into histological, molecular, and evolutionary aspects of gastrointestinal system components in healthy and diseased tissues, to give a broad perspective on the different organs that make-up this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Menendez
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julian Andrew Guttman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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191
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Xu F, Xie Q, Kuang W, Dong Z. Interactions Between Antidepressants and Intestinal Microbiota. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:359-371. [PMID: 36881351 PMCID: PMC10121977 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been shown to influence human health and diseases, including depression. The interactions between drugs and intestinal microbiota are complex and highly relevant to treat diseases. Studies have shown an interaction between antidepressants and intestinal microbiota. Antidepressants may alter the abundance and composition of intestinal microbiota, which are closely related to the treatment outcomes of depression. Intestinal microbiota can influence the metabolism of antidepressants to change their availability (e.g., tryptophan can be metabolized to kynurenine by intestinal microbiota) and regulate their absorption by affecting intestinal permeability. In addition, the permeability of the blood-brain barrier can be altered by intestinal microbiota, influencing antidepressants to reach the central nervous system. Bioaccumulation is also a type of drug-microbiota interaction, which means bacteria accumulate drugs without biotransformation. These findings imply that it is important to consider intestinal microbiota when evaluating antidepressant therapy regimens and that intestinal microbiota can be a potential target for depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Xu
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qinglian Xie
- Department of Outpatient, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Weihong Kuang
- Mental Health Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zaiquan Dong
- Mental Health Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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192
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Yassine HN, Self W, Kerman BE, Santoni G, Navalpur Shanmugam N, Abdullah L, Golden LR, Fonteh AN, Harrington MG, Gräff J, Gibson GE, Kalaria R, Luchsinger JA, Feldman HH, Swerdlow RH, Johnson LA, Albensi BC, Zlokovic BV, Tanzi R, Cunnane S, Samieri C, Scarmeas N, Bowman GL. Nutritional metabolism and cerebral bioenergetics in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:1041-1066. [PMID: 36479795 PMCID: PMC10576546 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Disturbances in the brain's capacity to meet its energy demand increase the risk of synaptic loss, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline. Nutritional and metabolic interventions that target metabolic pathways combined with diagnostics to identify deficits in cerebral bioenergetics may therefore offer novel therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease (AD) prevention and management. Many diet-derived natural bioactive components can govern cellular energy metabolism but their effects on brain aging are not clear. This review examines how nutritional metabolism can regulate brain bioenergetics and mitigate AD risk. We focus on leading mechanisms of cerebral bioenergetic breakdown in the aging brain at the cellular level, as well as the putative causes and consequences of disturbed bioenergetics, particularly at the blood-brain barrier with implications for nutrient brain delivery and nutritional interventions. Novel therapeutic nutrition approaches including diet patterns are provided, integrating studies of the gut microbiome, neuroimaging, and other biomarkers to guide future personalized nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein N Yassine
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern, California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wade Self
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Bilal E Kerman
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern, California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Giulia Santoni
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - NandaKumar Navalpur Shanmugam
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Lesley R Golden
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Alfred N Fonteh
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Michael G Harrington
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Johannes Gräff
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gary E Gibson
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA
| | - Raj Kalaria
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jose A Luchsinger
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Howard H Feldman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Lance A Johnson
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Benedict C Albensi
- Nova Southeastern Univ. College of Pharmacy, Davie, Florida, USA
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rudolph Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen Cunnane
- Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Cécilia Samieri
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Gene L Bowman
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, Oregon, USA
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193
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Mattiola I, Diefenbach A. Regulation of innate immune system function by the microbiome: Consequences for tumor immunity and cancer immunotherapy. Semin Immunol 2023; 66:101724. [PMID: 36758379 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Innate effector cells are immune cells endowed with host protective features and cytotoxic functions. By sensing the tissue environment, innate cells have an important role in regulating the transition from homeostasis to inflammation and the establishment of pathological states, including the onset and development of cancer. The tumor microenvironment induces molecular and functional modifications in innate cells, dampening their capability to initiate and sustain anti-tumor immune responses. Emerging studies clearly showed a contribution of the microbiota in modulating the functions of innate cells in cancer. Commensal microorganisms can not only directly interact with innate cells in the tumor microenvironment but can also exert immunomodulatory features from non-tumor sites through the release of microbial products. The microbiota can mediate the priming of innate cells at mucosal tissues and determine the strength of immune responses mediated by such cells when they migrate to non-mucosal tissues, having an impact on cancer. Finally, several evidences reported a strong contribution of the microbiota in promoting innate immune responses during anti-cancer therapies leading to enhanced therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we considered the current knowledge on the role of the microbiota in shaping host innate immune responses in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Mattiola
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany; Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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194
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Fermented Wheat Germ Alleviates Depression-like Behavior in Rats with Chronic and Unpredictable Mild Stress. Foods 2023; 12:foods12050920. [PMID: 36900437 PMCID: PMC10000856 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a chronic mental illness with devastating effects on a person's physical and mental health. Studies have reported that food fermentation with probiotics can enrich the nutritional values of food and produce functional microorganisms that can alleviate depression and anxiety. Wheat germ is an inexpensive raw material that is rich in bioactive ingredients. For example, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is reported to have antidepressant effects. Several studies concluded that Lactobacillus plantarum is a GABA-producing bacteria and can alleviate depression. Herein, fermented wheat germs (FWGs) were used to treat stress-induced depression. FWG was prepared by fermenting wheat germs with Lactobacillus plantarum. The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model was established in rats, and these rats were treated with FWG for four weeks to evaluate the effects of FWG in relieving depression. In addition, the study also analyzed the potential anti-depressive mechanism of FWG based on behavioral changes, physiological and biochemical index changes, and intestinal flora changes in depressed rats. The results demonstrated that FWG improved depression-like behaviors and increased neurotransmitter levels in the hippocampus of CUMS model rats. In addition, FWG effectively altered the gut microbiota structure and remodeled the gut microbiota in CUMS rats, restored neurotransmitter levels in depressed rats through the brain-gut axis, and restored amino acid metabolic functions. In conclusion, we suggest that FWG has antidepressant effects, and its potential mechanism may act by restoring the disordered brain-gut axis.
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195
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Pan W, Zhao J, Wu J, Xu D, Meng X, Jiang P, Shi H, Ge X, Yang X, Hu M, Zhang P, Tang R, Nagaratnam N, Zheng K, Huang XF, Yu Y. Dimethyl itaconate ameliorates cognitive impairment induced by a high-fat diet via the gut-brain axis in mice. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:30. [PMID: 36810115 PMCID: PMC9942412 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01471-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut homeostasis, including intestinal immunity and microbiome, is essential for cognitive function via the gut-brain axis. This axis is altered in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced cognitive impairment and is closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Dimethyl itaconate (DI) is an itaconate derivative and has recently attracted extensive interest due to its anti-inflammatory effect. This study investigated whether intraperitoneal administration of DI improves the gut-brain axis and prevents cognitive deficits in HF diet-fed mice. RESULTS DI effectively attenuated HFD-induced cognitive decline in behavioral tests of object location, novel object recognition, and nesting building, concurrent with the improvement of hippocampal RNA transcription profiles of genes associated with cognition and synaptic plasticity. In agreement, DI reduced the damage of synaptic ultrastructure and deficit of proteins (BDNF, SYN, and PSD95), the microglial activation, and neuroinflammation in the HFD-fed mice. In the colon, DI significantly lowered macrophage infiltration and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) in mice on the HF diet, while upregulating the expression of immune homeostasis-related cytokines (IL-22, IL-23) and antimicrobial peptide Reg3γ. Moreover, DI alleviated HFD-induced gut barrier impairments, including elevation of colonic mucus thickness and expression of tight junction proteins (zonula occludens-1, occludin). Notably, HFD-induced microbiome alteration was improved by DI supplementation, characterized by the increase of propionate- and butyrate-producing bacteria. Correspondingly, DI increased the levels of propionate and butyrate in the serum of HFD mice. Intriguingly, fecal microbiome transplantation from DI-treated HF mice facilitated cognitive variables compared with HF mice, including higher cognitive indexes in behavior tests and optimization of hippocampal synaptic ultrastructure. These results highlight the gut microbiota is necessary for the effects of DI in improving cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides the first evidence that DI improves cognition and brain function with significant beneficial effects via the gut-brain axis, suggesting that DI may serve as a novel drug for treating obesity-associated neurodegenerative diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinxiu Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiacheng Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daxiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianran Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongli Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minmin Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renxian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nathan Nagaratnam
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI) and School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI) and School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
| | - Yinghua Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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Kong G, Zhang W, Zhang S, Chen J, He K, Zhang C, Yuan X, Xie B. The gut microbiota and metabolite profiles are altered in patients with spinal cord injury. Mol Brain 2023; 16:26. [PMID: 36803646 PMCID: PMC9940348 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolites secreted by the gut microbiota may play an essential role in microbiota-gut-central nervous system crosstalk. In this study, we explored the changes occurring in the gut microbiota and their metabolites in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and analyzed the correlations among them. METHODS The structure and composition of the gut microbiota derived from fecal samples collected from patients with SCI (n = 11) and matched control individuals (n = 10) were evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Additionally, an untargeted metabolomics approach was used to compare the serum metabolite profiles of both groups. Meanwhile, the association among serum metabolites, the gut microbiota, and clinical parameters (including injury duration and neurological grade) was also analyzed. Finally, metabolites with the potential for use in the treatment of SCI were identified based on the differential metabolite abundance analysis. RESULTS The composition of the gut microbiota was different between patients with SCI and healthy controls. At the genus level, compared with the control group, the abundance of UBA1819, Anaerostignum, Eggerthella, and Enterococcus was significantly increased in the SCI group, whereas that of Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Escherichia-Shigella, Agathobacter, Collinsella, Dorea, Ruminococcus, Fusicatenibacter, and Eubacterium was decreased. Forty-one named metabolites displayed significant differential abundance between SCI patients and healthy controls, including 18 that were upregulated and 23 that were downregulated. Correlation analysis further indicated that the variation in gut microbiota abundance was associated with changes in serum metabolite levels, suggesting that gut dysbiosis is an important cause of metabolic disorders in SCI. Finally, gut dysbiosis and serum metabolite dysregulation was found to be associated with injury duration and severity of motor dysfunction after SCI. CONCLUSIONS We present a comprehensive landscape of the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles in patients with SCI and provide evidence that their interaction plays a role in the pathogenesis of SCI. Furthermore, our findings suggested that uridine, hypoxanthine, PC(18:2/0:0), and kojic acid may be important therapeutic targets for the treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganggang Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenwu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiewen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kejun He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Changming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bazhong Central Hospital, Bazhong, China
| | - Baoshu Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Xi C, Li A, Lai J, Huang X, Zhang P, Yan S, Jiao M, Huang H, Hu S. Brain-gut microbiota multimodal predictive model in patients with bipolar depression. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:140-152. [PMID: 36400152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The "microbiota-gut-brain axis" which bridges the brain and gut microbiota is involved in the pathological mechanisms of bipolar disorder (BD), but rare is known about the exact association patterns and the potential for clinical diagnosis and treatment outcome prediction. METHODS At baseline, fecal samples and resting-state MRI data were collected from 103 BD depression patients and 39 healthy controls (HCs) for metagenomic sequencing and network-based functional connectivity (FC), grey matter volume (GMV) analyses. All patients then received 4-weeks quetiapine treatment and were further classified as responders and non-responders. Based on pre-treatment datasets, the correlation networks were established between gut microbiota and neuroimaging measures and the multimodal kernal combination support vector machine (SVM) classifiers were constructed to distinguish BD patients from HCs, and quetiapine responders from non-responders. RESULTS The multi-modal pre-treatment characteristics of quetiapine responders, were closer to the HCs compared to non-responders. And the correlation network analyses found the substantial correlations existed in HC between the Anaerotruncus_ unclassified,Porphyromonas_asaccharolytica,Actinomyces_graevenitzii et al. and the functional connectomes involved default mode network (DMN),somatomotor (SM), visual, limbic and basal ganglia networks were disrupted in BD. Moreover, in terms of the multimodal classifier, it reached optimized area under curve (AUC-ROC) at 0.9517 when classified BD from HC, and also acquired 0.8292 discriminating quetiapine responders from non-responders, which consistently better than even using the best unique modality. LIMITATIONS Lack post-treatment and external validation datasets; size of HCs is modest. CONCLUSIONS Multi-modalities of combining pre-treatment gut microbiota with neuroimaging endophenotypes might be a superior approach for accurate diagnosis and quetiapine efficacy prediction in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixi Xi
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders' Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China; Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University, China; Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ang Li
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jianbo Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders' Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China; Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University, China; Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaojie Huang
- Polytechnic Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Peifen Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders' Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China; Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University, China; Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Su Yan
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Mengfan Jiao
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Huimin Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shaohua Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders' Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China; Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University, China; Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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198
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Zhang JL, Xian H, Zhao R, Luo C, Xie RG, Tian T, Cong R. Brachial plexus avulsion induced changes in gut microbiota promotes pain related anxiety-like behavior in mice. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1084494. [PMID: 36846129 PMCID: PMC9944865 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1084494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Brachial plexus avulsion (BPA) injury develops frequent and intense neuropathic pain, involving in both peripheral and central nervous systems. The incidence of anxiety or depression caused by BPA-induced neuropathic pain is high, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Methods We established a BPA mice model and assessed its negative emotions through behavioral tests. To further explore the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the unique emotional behavior after BPA, we performed intestinal fecal 16s and metabolomics assays. Psychobiotics (PB) supplementation was administered to BPA mice to check the probiotics effects on BPA-induced anxiety behaviors. Results Pain related anxiety-like behavior was observed at the early stage after BPA (7 days), while no depression-like behavior was detected. Intriguingly, gut microbiota diversity was increased in BPA mice, and the most abundant probiotics, Lactobacillus, showed obvious changes. Lactobacillus_reuteri was significantly decreased in BPA mice. Metabolomics analysis showed that Lactobacillus_reuteri-related bile acid pathway and some neurotransmitter amino acids were significantly altered. Further PB (dominated by Lactobacillus_reuteri) supplementation could significantly relieve BPA-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Conclusion Our study suggests that pathological neuralgia after BPA could alter intestinal microbiota diversity, especially Lactobacillus, and the changes in neurotransmitter amino acid metabolites may be the key reason for the onset of anxiety-like behaviors in BPA mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hang Xian
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ceng Luo
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rou-gang Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tong Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Cong
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China,*Correspondence: Rui Cong ✉
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199
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Jiang X, Mao L, Xia Y, Fan Y, Li N, Jiang Z, Qin X, Jiang Y, Liu G, Qiu F, Zhang J, Zou Z, Chen C. Disruption of the lung-gut-brain axis is responsible for cortex damage induced by pulmonary exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles. Toxicology 2023; 485:153390. [PMID: 36535435 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that gut microbiota is important for host health in response to metal nanomaterials exposure. However, the effect of gut microbiota on the cortex damage caused by pulmonary exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) remains mainly unknown. In this study, a total of 48 adult C57BL/6J mice were intratracheally instilled with 0.6 mg/kg ZnONPs in the presence or absence of antibiotics (ABX) treatment. Besides, 24 mice were treated with or without fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) after the intraperitoneal administration of ABX. Our results demonstrated for the first time that dysbiosis induced by ABX treatment significantly aggravated cortex damage induced by pulmonary exposure to ZnONPs. Such damage might highly occur through the induction of oxidative stress, manifested by the enhancement of antioxidative enzymes and products of lipid peroxidation. However, ferroptosis was not involved in this process. Interestingly, our data revealed that ABX treatment exacerbated the alterations of gut-brain peptides (including Sst, Sstr2, and Htr4) induced by ZnONPs in both gut and cortex tissues. Moreover, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was able to alleviate cerebral cortex damage, oxidative stress, and alterations of gut-brain peptides induced by pulmonary exposure to ZnONPs. The results together indicate that pulmonary exposure to ZnONPs causes cerebral cortex damage possibly via the disruption of the lung-gut-brain axis. These findings not only propose valuable insights into the mechanism of ZnONPs neurotoxicity but also provide a potential therapeutic method against brain disorders induced by pulmonary exposure to ZnONPs. AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIALS: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the The corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yandan Zhang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Center of Experimental Teaching for Public Health, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lejiao Mao
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yinyin Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yinzhen Fan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Ziqi Jiang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xia Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University‑Town Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Emergency, The University‑Town Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
| | - Zhen Zou
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Chen L, Liu B, Ren L, Du H, Fei C, Qian C, Li B, Zhang R, Liu H, Li Z, Ma Z. High-fiber diet ameliorates gut microbiota, serum metabolism and emotional mood in type 2 diabetes patients. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1069954. [PMID: 36794003 PMCID: PMC9922700 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1069954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often had the problems of fecal microbiota dysbiosis, and were usually accompanied with psychiatric comorbidities (such as depression and anxiety). Here, we conducted a randomized clinical study to analyze the changes in gut microbiota, serum metabolism and emotional mood of patients with T2DM after consumption of a high-fiber diet. The glucose homeostasis of participants with T2DM was improved by the high-fiber diet, and the serum metabolome, systemic inflammation and psychiatric comorbidities were also altered. The increased abundances of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Akkermansias revealed that the proportions of beneficial gut microbes were enriched by the high-fiber diet, while the abundances of Desulfovibrio, Klebsiella and other opportunistic pathogens were decreased. Therefore, the current study demonstrated that the intestinal microbiota alterations which were influenced by the high-fiber diet could improve the serum metabolism and emotional mood of patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Chen
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Ren
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mental Health Center of Fengxian District, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhua Fei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mental Health Center of Fengxian District, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mental Health Center of Fengxian District, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixia Zhang
- Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Safety & Quality Management Department, Sino-science Yikang (Beijing) Biotech Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Zongjie Li
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zongjie Li, ; Zhiyong Ma,
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zongjie Li, ; Zhiyong Ma,
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