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Young A, Bradley LA, Farrar E, Bilcheck HO, Tkachenko S, Saucerman JJ, Bekiranov S, Wolf MJ. Inhibition of DYRK1a Enhances Cardiomyocyte Cycling After Myocardial Infarction. Circ Res 2022; 130:1345-1361. [PMID: 35369706 PMCID: PMC9050942 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.320005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DYRK1a (dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1a) contributes to the control of cycling cells, including cardiomyocytes. However, the effects of inhibition of DYRK1a on cardiac function and cycling cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction (MI) remain unknown. METHODS We investigated the impacts of pharmacological inhibition and conditional genetic ablation of DYRK1a on endogenous cardiomyocyte cycling and left ventricular systolic function in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) MI using αMHC-MerDreMer-Ki67p-RoxedCre::Rox-Lox-tdTomato-eGFP (RLTG) (denoted αDKRC::RLTG) and αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR::DYRK1aflox/flox mice. RESULTS We observed that harmine, an inhibitor of DYRK1a, improved left ventricular ejection fraction (39.5±1.6% and 29.1±1.6%, harmine versus placebo, respectively), 2 weeks after I/R MI. Harmine also increased cardiomyocyte cycling after I/R MI in αDKRC::RLTG mice, 10.8±1.5 versus 24.3±2.6 enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (eGFP)+ cardiomyocytes, placebo versus harmine, respectively, P=1.0×10-3. The effects of harmine on left ventricular ejection fraction were attenuated in αDKRC::DTA mice that expressed an inducible diphtheria toxin in adult cycling cardiomyocytes. The conditional cardiomyocyte-specific genetic ablation of DYRK1a in αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR::DYRK1aflox/flox (denoted DYRK1a k/o) mice caused cardiomyocyte hyperplasia at baseline (210±28 versus 126±5 cardiomyocytes per 40× field, DYRK1a k/o versus controls, respectively, P=1.7×10-2) without changes in cardiac function compared with controls, or compensatory changes in the expression of other DYRK isoforms. After I/R MI, DYRK1a k/o mice had improved left ventricular function (left ventricular ejection fraction 41.8±2.2% and 26.4±0.8%, DYRK1a k/o versus control, respectively, P=3.7×10-2). RNAseq of cardiomyocytes isolated from αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR::DYRK1aflox/flox and αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR mice after I/R MI or Sham surgeries identified enrichment in mitotic cell cycle genes in αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR::DYRK1aflox/flox compared with αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR. CONCLUSIONS The pharmacological inhibition or cardiomyocyte-specific ablation of DYRK1a caused baseline hyperplasia and improved cardiac function after I/R MI, with an increase in cell cycle gene expression, suggesting the inhibition of DYRK1a may serve as a therapeutic target to treat MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Young
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (A.Y., L.A.B., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Leigh A Bradley
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (A.Y., L.A.B., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Elizabeth Farrar
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Helen O Bilcheck
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (A.Y., L.A.B., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Svyatoslav Tkachenko
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (S.T., J.J.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Jeffrey J Saucerman
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (S.T., J.J.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Stefan Bekiranov
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (S.B.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Matthew J Wolf
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (A.Y., L.A.B., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
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da Silva Neto Trajano LA, da Silva Sergio LP, de Oliveira DSL, Trajano ETL, Dos Santos Silva MA, de Paoli F, Mencalha AL, da Fonseca ADS. Low-power infrared laser modulates mRNA levels from genes of base excision repair and genomic stabilization in heart tissue from an experimental model of acute lung injury. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:1299-1308. [PMID: 35426610 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate photobiomodulation effects on mRNA relative levels from genes of base excision repair and genomic stabilization in heart tissue from an experimental model of acute lung injury by sepsis. For experimental procedure, animals were randomly assigned to six main groups: (1) control group was animals treated with intraperitoneal saline solution; (2) LASER-10 was animals treated with intraperitoneal saline solution and exposed to an infrared laser at 10 J cm-2; (3) LASER-20 was animals treated with intraperitoneal saline solution and exposed to an infrared laser at 20 J cm-2; (4) acute lung injury (ALI) was animals treated with intraperitoneal LPS (10 mg kg-1); (5) ALI-LASER10 was animals treated with intraperitoneal LPS (10 mg kg-1) and, after 4 h, exposed to an infrared laser at 10 J cm-2 and (6) ALI-LASER20 was animals treated with intraperitoneal LPS (10 mg kg-1) and, after 4 h, exposed to an infrared laser at 20 J cm-2. Irradiation was performed only once and animal euthanasias for analysis of mRNA relative levels by RT-qPCR. Our results showed that there was a reduction of mRNA relative levels from ATM gene and an increase of mRNA relative levels from P53 gene in the heart of animals with ALI when compared to the control group. In addition, there was an increase of mRNA relative levels from OGG1 and APE1 gene in hearts from animals with ALI when compared to the control group. After irradiation, an increase of mRNA relative levels from ATM and OGG1 gene was observed at 20 J cm-2. In conclusion, low-power laser modulates the mRNA relative levels from genes of base excision repair and genomic stabilization in the experimental model of acute lung injury evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Alexsandra da Silva Neto Trajano
- Mestrado Profissional em Diagnóstico em Medicina Veterinária, Pró Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós Graduação, Universidade de Vassouras, Avenida Expedicionário Oswaldo de Almeida Ramos, 280, Vassouras, Rio de Janeiro, 27700000, Brazil. .,Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil. .,Mestrado Profissional em Ciências aplicadas em Saúde, Universidade de Vassouras, Avenida Expedicionário Oswaldo de Almeida Ramos, 280, Vassouras, Rio de Janeiro, 27700000, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Philippe da Silva Sergio
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil
| | - Diego Sá Leal de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Tavares Lima Trajano
- Mestrado Profissional em Ciências aplicadas em Saúde, Universidade de Vassouras, Avenida Expedicionário Oswaldo de Almeida Ramos, 280, Vassouras, Rio de Janeiro, 27700000, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Dos Santos Silva
- Mestrado Profissional em Ciências aplicadas em Saúde, Universidade de Vassouras, Avenida Expedicionário Oswaldo de Almeida Ramos, 280, Vassouras, Rio de Janeiro, 27700000, Brazil
| | - Flávia de Paoli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Khelmer-s/n, Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36036900, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Mencalha
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil
| | - Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Frei Caneca, 94, Rio de Janeiro, 20211040, Brazil
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153
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The human ion channel TRPM2 modulates cell survival in neuroblastoma through E2F1 and FOXM1. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6311. [PMID: 35428820 PMCID: PMC9012789 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10385-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential channel melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is highly expressed in cancer and has an essential function in preserving viability through maintenance of mitochondrial function and antioxidant response. Here, the role of TRPM2 in cell survival was examined in neuroblastoma cells with TRPM2 deletion with CRISPR technology. Viability was significantly decreased in TRPM2 knockout after doxorubicin treatment. RNA sequence analysis and RT-qPCR revealed reduced RNAs encoding master transcription regulators FOXM1 and E2F1/2 and downstream cell cycle targets including Cyclin B1, CDK1, PLK1, and CKS1. CHIP analysis demonstrated decreased FOXM1 binding to their promoters. Western blotting confirmed decreased expression, and increased expression of CDK inhibitor p21, a CKS1 target. In cells with TRPM2 deletion, cell cycle progression to S and G2/M phases was reduced after treatment with doxorubicin. RNA sequencing also identified decreased DNA repair proteins in cells with TRPM2 deletion after doxorubicin treatment, and DNA damage was increased. Wild type TRPM2, but not Ca2+-impermeable mutant E960D, restored live cell number and reconstituted expression of E2F1, FOXM1, and cell cycle/DNA repair proteins. FOXM1 expression alone restored viability. TRPM2 is a potential therapeutic target to reduce tumor proliferation and increase doxorubicin sensitivity through modulation of FOXM1, E2F1, and cell cycle/DNA repair proteins.
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154
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Protective Effect of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone on DNA Damage of Chicken Follicular Granulosa Cells by Inhibiting CHK2/p53. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081291. [PMID: 35455970 PMCID: PMC9031212 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in follicular atresia and the decrease in the fecundity of laying hens occur with the aging process. Therefore, the key measure for maintaining high laying performance is to alleviate follicular atresia in the aging poultry. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), as an important pituitary hormone to promote follicle development and maturation, plays an important role in preventing reproductive aging in diverse animals. In this study, the physiological state of the prehierarchical small white follicles (SWFs) and atretic SWFs (ASWFs) were compared, followed by an exploration of the possible capacity of FSH to delay ASWFs’ progression in the hens. The results showed that the DNA damage within follicles increased with aging, along with Golgi complex disintegration, cell cycle arrest, increased apoptosis and autophagy in the ASWFs. Subsequently, the ACNU-induced follicular atresia model was established to evaluate the enhancing capacity of FSH on increasing cell proliferation and attenuating apoptosis in ASWFs. FSH inhibited DNA damage and promoted DNA repair by regulating the CHK2/p53 pathway. Furthermore, FSH inhibited CHK2/p53, thus, suppressing the disintegration of the Golgi complex, cell cycle arrest, and increased autophagy in the atretic follicles. Moreover, these effects from FSH treatment in ACNU-induced granulosa cells were similar to the treatment by a DNA repair agent AV-153. These results indicate that FSH protects aging-resulted DNA damage in granulosa cells by inhibiting CHK2/p53 in chicken prehierarchical follicles.
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155
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Engeland K. Cell cycle regulation: p53-p21-RB signaling. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:946-960. [PMID: 35361964 PMCID: PMC9090780 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-00988-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 168.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinoblastoma protein RB and the transcription factor p53 are central tumor suppressors. They are often found inactivated in various tumor types. Both proteins play central roles in regulating the cell division cycle. RB forms complexes with the E2F family of transcription factors and downregulates numerous genes. Among the RB-E2F target genes, a large number code for key cell cycle regulators. Their transcriptional repression by the RB-E2F complex is released through phosphorylation of RB, leading to expression of the cell cycle regulators. The release from repression can be prevented by the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21/CDKN1A. The CDKN1A gene is transcriptionally activated by p53. Taken together, these elements constitute the p53-p21-RB signaling pathway. Following activation of p53, for example by viral infection or induction of DNA damage, p21 expression is upregulated. High levels of p21 then result in RB-E2F complex formation and downregulation of a large number of cell cycle genes. Thus, p53-dependent transcriptional repression is indirect. The reduced expression of the many regulators leads to cell cycle arrest. Examination of the p53-p21-RB targets and genes controlled by the related p53-p21-DREAM signaling pathway reveals that there is a large overlap of the two groups. Mechanistically this can be explained by replacing RB-E2F complexes with the DREAM transcriptional repressor complex at E2F sites in target promoters. In contrast to RB-E2F, DREAM can downregulate genes also through CHR transcription factor binding sites. This results in a distinct gene set controlled by p53-p21-DREAM signaling independent of RB-E2F. Furthermore, RB has non-canonical functions without binding to E2F and DNA. Such a role of RB supporting DREAM formation may be exerted by the RB-SKP2-p27-cyclin A/E-CDK2-p130-DREAM link. In the current synopsis, the mechanism of regulation by p53-p21-RB signaling is assessed and the overlap with p53-p21-DREAM signaling is examined. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Engeland
- Molecular Oncology, Medical School, University of Leipzig, Semmelweisstrasse 14, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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156
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Toosaranont J, Ruschadaariyachat S, Mujchariyakul W, Arora JK, Charoensawan V, Suktitipat B, Palmer TN, Fletcher S, Wilton SD, Mitrpant C. Antisense Oligonucleotide Induction of the hnRNPA1b Isoform Affects Pre-mRNA Splicing of SMN2 in SMA Type I Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073937. [PMID: 35409296 PMCID: PMC8999010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a severe, debilitating neuromuscular condition characterised by loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting. SMA is caused by a loss of expression of SMN1 that encodes the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein necessary for the survival of motor neurons. Restoration of SMN expression through increased inclusion of SMN2 exon 7 is known to ameliorate symptoms in SMA patients. As a consequence, regulation of pre-mRNA splicing of SMN2 could provide a potential molecular therapy for SMA. In this study, we explored if splice switching antisense oligonucleotides could redirect the splicing repressor hnRNPA1 to the hnRNPA1b isoform and restore SMN expression in fibroblasts from a type I SMA patient. Antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) were designed to promote exon 7b retention in the mature mRNA and induce the hnRNPA1b isoform. RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to assess and monitor the efficiency of different AO combinations. A combination of AOs targeting multiple silencing motifs in hnRNPA1 pre-mRNA led to robust hnRNPA1b induction, which, in turn, significantly increased expression of full-length SMN (FL-SMN) protein. A combination of PMOs targeting the same motifs also strongly induced hnRNPA1b isoform, but surprisingly SMN2 exon 5 skipping was detected, and the PMO cocktail did not lead to a significant increase in expression of FL-SMN protein. We further performed RNA sequencing to assess the genome-wide effects of hnRNPA1b induction. Some 3244 genes were differentially expressed between the hnRNPA1b-induced and untreated SMA fibroblasts, which are functionally enriched in cell cycle and chromosome segregation processes. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that expression of the master regulator of these enrichment pathways, MYBL2 and FOXM1B, were reduced in response to PMO treatment. These findings suggested that induction of hnRNPA1b can promote SMN protein expression, but not at sufficient levels to be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarichad Toosaranont
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (J.T.); (S.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Sukanya Ruschadaariyachat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (J.T.); (S.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Warasinee Mujchariyakul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (W.M.); (J.K.A.); (V.C.)
| | - Jantarika Kumar Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (W.M.); (J.K.A.); (V.C.)
| | - Varodom Charoensawan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (W.M.); (J.K.A.); (V.C.)
- Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Bhoom Suktitipat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (J.T.); (S.R.); (B.S.)
- Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Thomas N. Palmer
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (T.N.P.); (S.F.); (S.D.W.)
| | - Sue Fletcher
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (T.N.P.); (S.F.); (S.D.W.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Steve D. Wilton
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (T.N.P.); (S.F.); (S.D.W.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Chalermchai Mitrpant
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (J.T.); (S.R.); (B.S.)
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (T.N.P.); (S.F.); (S.D.W.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Correspondence:
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157
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Wu G, Xiu H, Luo H, Ding Y, Li Y. A mathematical model for cell cycle control: graded response or quantized response. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:820-834. [PMID: 35107036 PMCID: PMC8973363 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2031770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle is an important and complex biological system. A lot of efforts have been put in understanding cell cycle arrest for its vital role in clinical therapies. The cell-cycle-arrest outcomes upon stimulation are complicated. The response could be stringent or relaxed, and graded or quantized. A model fully addressing various cell-cycle-arrest outcomes is to be developed. Here, we developed a mathematical model of cell cycle control incorporating distinct characteristics of various cell-cycle-arrest outcomes. The model can simulate two typical properties of cell cycle arrest, quantized and graded. We also characterized the inheritable quiescence and refractory state, which were crucial in long-term response of the population. Then, we monitored cells respond to multiple stimulations, and the results indicated that cells responded to stimulations with small interval did not induce significantly sustained cell cycle arrest as the existence of refractory state. Our work will benefit fundamental research and make efforts to predicting outcomes of clinical therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Wu
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- CONTACT Guoyu Wu
| | - Huiyu Xiu
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiying Luo
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Ding
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuchao Li
- MegaLab, MegaRobo Technologies Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
- Yuchao Li
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158
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Liu K, Chen Y, Feng P, Wang Y, Sun M, Song T, Tan J, Li C, Liu S, Kong Q, Zhang J. Identification of Pathologic and Prognostic Genes in Prostate Cancer Based on Database Mining. Front Genet 2022; 13:854531. [PMID: 35360870 PMCID: PMC8963346 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.854531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is an epithelial malignant tumor that occurs in the urinary system with high incidence and is the second most common cancer among men in the world. Thus, it is important to screen out potential key biomarkers for the pathogenesis and prognosis of PCa. The present study aimed to identify potential biomarkers to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PCa tissues and matched normal tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas Prostate Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-PRAD) dataset were screened out by R software. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed primarily to identify statistically significant genes for clinical manifestations. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and network screening were performed based on the STRING database in conjunction with Cytoscape software. Hub genes were then screened out by Cytoscape in conjunction with stepwise algorithm and multivariate Cox regression analysis to construct a risk model. Gene expression in different clinical manifestations and survival analysis correlated with the expression of hub genes were performed. Moreover, the protein expression of hub genes was validated by the Human Protein Atlas database. Results: A total of 1,621 DEGs (870 downregulated genes and 751 upregulated genes) were identified from the TCGA-PRAD dataset. Eight prognostic genes [BUB1, KIF2C, CCNA2, CDC20, CCNB2, PBK, RRM2, and CDC45] and four hub genes (BUB1, KIF2C, CDC20, and PBK) potentially correlated with the pathogenesis of PCa were identified. A prognostic model with good predictive power for survival was constructed and was validated by the dataset in GSE21032. The survival analysis demonstrated that the expression of RRM2 was statistically significant to the prognosis of PCa, indicating that RRM2 may potentially play an important role in the PCa progression. Conclusion: The present study implied that RRM2 was associated with prognosis and could be used as a potential therapeutic target for PCa clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yijun Chen
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Pengmian Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Mengdi Sun
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Songpo Liu
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qinghong Kong
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Qinghong Kong, ; Jidong Zhang,
| | - Jidong Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Qinghong Kong, ; Jidong Zhang,
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159
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Feng X, Guo J, An G, Wu Y, Liu Z, Meng B, He N, Zhao X, Chen S, Zhu Y, Xia J, Li X, Yu Z, Li R, Ren G, Chen J, Wu M, He Y, Qiu L, Zhou J, Zhou W. Genetic Aberrations and Interaction of NEK2 and TP53 Accelerate Aggressiveness of Multiple Myeloma. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104491. [PMID: 35088582 PMCID: PMC8948659 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
It has been previously shown that (never in mitosis gene A)-related kinase 2 (NEK2) is upregulated in multiple myeloma (MM) and contributes to drug resistance. However, the mechanisms behind this upregulation remain poorly understood. In this study, it is found that amplification of NEK2 and hypermethylation of distal CpG islands in its promoter correlate strongly with increased NEK2 expression. Patients with NEK2 amplification have a poor rate of survival and often exhibit TP53 deletion, which is an independent prognostic factor in MM. This combination of TP53 knockout and NEK2 overexpression induces asymmetric mitosis, proliferation, drug resistance, and tumorigenic behaviors in MM in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, delivery of wild type p53 and suppression of NEK2 in TP53-/- MM cell lines inhibit tumor formation and enhance the effect of Bortezomib against MM. It is also discovered that inactivating p53 elevates NEK2 expression genetically by inducing NEK2 amplification, transcriptionally by increased activity of cell cycle-related genes like E2F8 and epigenetically by upregulating DNA methyltransferases. Dual defects of TP53 and NEK2 may define patients with the poorest outcomes in MM with p53 inactivation, and NEK2 may serve as a novel therapeutic target in aggressive MM with p53 abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of CarcinogenesisNational Health and Family Planning Commission; Department of HematologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
- Cancer Research InstituteSchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South University110 # Xiangya streetChangshaHunan410028China
- Xiang Ya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Jiaojiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of CarcinogenesisNational Health and Family Planning Commission; Department of HematologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
- Cancer Research InstituteSchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South University110 # Xiangya streetChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Gang An
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300041China
| | - Yangbowen Wu
- Xiang Ya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Zhenhao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of CarcinogenesisNational Health and Family Planning Commission; Department of HematologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation TechnologyShanghai201203China
| | - Bin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of CarcinogenesisNational Health and Family Planning Commission; Department of HematologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
- Cancer Research InstituteSchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South University110 # Xiangya streetChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Nihan He
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of CarcinogenesisNational Health and Family Planning Commission; Department of HematologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Xinying Zhao
- Xiang Ya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Shilian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of CarcinogenesisNational Health and Family Planning Commission; Department of HematologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Yinghong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of CarcinogenesisNational Health and Family Planning Commission; Department of HematologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
- Cancer Research InstituteSchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South University110 # Xiangya streetChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Jiliang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of CarcinogenesisNational Health and Family Planning Commission; Department of HematologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
- Cancer Research InstituteSchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South University110 # Xiangya streetChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Xin Li
- The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunan410013China
| | - Zhiyong Yu
- Department of PathologyChangsha eighth hospitalChangshaHunan410199China
| | - Ruixuan Li
- The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunan410013China
| | - Guofeng Ren
- Xiang Ya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Jihua Chen
- Xiang Ya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Minghua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of CarcinogenesisNational Health and Family Planning Commission; Department of HematologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
- Cancer Research InstituteSchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South University110 # Xiangya streetChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Yanjuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of CarcinogenesisNational Health and Family Planning Commission; Department of HematologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
| | - Lugui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300041China
| | - Jiaxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300041China
| | - Wen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of CarcinogenesisNational Health and Family Planning Commission; Department of HematologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410028China
- Cancer Research InstituteSchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South University110 # Xiangya streetChangshaHunan410028China
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160
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Lihui X, Xiaojie Q, Hao Y, Jialiang C, Jinming G, Ying C. Albicanol modulates oxidative stress and the p53 axis to suppress profenofos induced genotoxicity in grass carp hepatocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 122:325-333. [PMID: 35143987 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The organophosphorus pesticide profenofos (PFF) is widely used as an environmental contaminant, and it can remain in water bodies causing serious harm to aquatic organisms. Albicanol is a sesquiterpenoid with potent antioxidant and antagonistic activities against heavy metal toxicity. However, the mechanism of PFF induced genotoxicity in fish hepatocytes and the role Albicanol can play in this process are unknown. In this study, the model was established by treating grass carp hepatocytes with PFF (150 μM) and/or Albicanol (5 × 10-5 μg mL-1) for 24 h. The results showed that PFF exposure arrested L8824 cells in the G1-S phase. PFF caused the increase of MDA level in L8824 cells, while the decrease of SOD, CAT and T-AOC levels caused oxidative stress. Elevated levels of γH2AX, tail moment, tail length, % DNA and 8-OHdG indicated that PFF caused DNA damage in L8824 cells. PFF inhibited the expression levels of cell cycle related regulatory genes (cyclin A, cyclin D, cyclin E, CDK2 and CDK4) by upregulating p53/p21 genes and activating the p53 signaling pathway. Albicanol was used to significantly reduce the above effects caused by PFF exposure on hepatocytes in grass carp. Albicanol could reduce the increase in the proportion of cells in the G1-S phase caused by PFF. In summary, Albicanol could inhibit the genotoxicity of L8824 cells resulted from PFF exposure by decreasing oxidative stress and the p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Lihui
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qiu Xiaojie
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yu Hao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Chu Jialiang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Guo Jinming
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Chang Ying
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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161
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Gousias K, Theocharous T, Simon M. Mechanisms of Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Glioblastoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030564. [PMID: 35327366 PMCID: PMC8945784 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells of glioblastoma, the most frequent primary malignant brain tumor, are characterized by their rapid growth and infiltration of adjacent healthy brain parenchyma, which reflects their aggressive biological behavior. In order to maintain their excessive proliferation and invasion, glioblastomas exploit the innate biological capacities of the patients suffering from this tumor. The pathways involved in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis are the mechanisms most commonly affected. The following work reviews the regulatory pathways of cell growth in general as well as the dysregulated cell cycle and apoptosis relevant mechanisms observed in glioblastomas. We then describe the molecular targeting of the current established adjuvant therapy and present ongoing trials or completed studies on specific promising therapeutic agents that induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Gousias
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Marien Academic Hospital Lünen, KLW St. Paulus Corporation, 44534 Luenen, Germany;
- Medical School, Westfälische Wilhelms University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- Medical School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2414, Cyprus
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-2306-773151
| | - Theocharis Theocharous
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Marien Academic Hospital Lünen, KLW St. Paulus Corporation, 44534 Luenen, Germany;
| | - Matthias Simon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bethel Clinic, University of Bielefeld Medical School, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany;
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162
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Liu M, Wang W, Wang J, Fang C, Liu T. Z-Guggulsterone alleviates renal fibrosis by mitigating G2/M cycle arrest through Klotho/p53 signaling. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 354:109846. [PMID: 35123992 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major public health problem worldwide. Renal fibrosis is considered to be the final outcome and potential therapeutic target of CKD. Z-Guggulsterone (Z-GS), an active compound derived from Commiphora mukul, has been proved to be effective in various diseases. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect and mechanism of Z-GS on renal fibrosis. Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice and hypoxia-induced HK-2 cells were used to simulate renal fibrosis, respectively. The mice and cells were treated with different doses of Z-GS to observe the pharmacological action. Results demonstrated that Z-GS lightened renal function and histopathological injury induced by UUO. Z-GS also alleviated renal fibrosis in mice by inhibiting the expressions of α-SMA, TGF-β, and Collagen Ⅳ. Besides, Z-GS delayed G2/M cycle arrest by promoting the expressions of CDK1 and CyclinB1. Experiments in vitro indicated that Z-GS increased cell viability while decreased LDH release in hypoxia-induced HK-2 cells. In addition, fibrosis and G2/M cycle arrest induced by hypoxia in HK-2 cells were retarded by Z-GS. The study of its possible mechanism exhibited that Z-GS increased the level of Klotho and inhibited p53 level. Nevertheless, the effect of Z-GS on Klotho/p53 signaling was reversed by siRNA-Klotho. Moreover, siRNA-Klotho eliminated the effects of Z-GS on G2/M cycle arrest and fibrosis. Taken together, this study clarified that Z-GS alleviated renal fibrosis and G2/M cycle arrest through Klotho/p53 signaling. People who have suffered CKD may potentially benefit from treatment with Z-GS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jinhan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Chuntian Fang
- Department of Nephrology, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Tianlong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
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163
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p53 in Proximal Tubules Mediates Chronic Kidney Problems after Cisplatin Treatment. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040712. [PMID: 35203361 PMCID: PMC8870044 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity is a major side-effect of cisplatin in chemotherapy, which can occur acutely or progress into chronic kidney disease (CKD). The protein p53 plays an important role in acute kidney injury induced by cisplatin, but its involvement in CKD following cisplatin exposure is unclear. Here, we address this question by using experimental models of repeated low-dose cisplatin (RLDC) treatment. In mouse proximal tubular BUMPT cells, RLDC treatment induced p53 activation, apoptosis, and fibrotic changes, which were suppressed by pifithrin-α, a pharmacologic inhibitor of p53. In vivo, chronic kidney problems following RLDC treatment were ameliorated in proximal tubule-specific p53-knockout mice (PT-p53-KO mice). Compared with wild-type littermates, PT-p53-KO mice showed less renal damage (KIM-1 positive area: 0.97% vs. 2.5%), less tubular degeneration (LTL positive area: 15.97% vs. 10.54%), and increased proliferation (Ki67 positive area: 2.42% vs. 0.45%), resulting in better renal function after RLDC treatment. Together, these results indicate that p53 in proximal tubular cells contributes significantly to the development of chronic kidney problems following cisplatin chemotherapy.
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164
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Lee DR, Rhodes C, Mitra A, Zhang Y, Maric D, Dale RK, Petros TJ. Transcriptional heterogeneity of ventricular zone cells in the ganglionic eminences of the mouse forebrain. eLife 2022; 11:71864. [PMID: 35175194 PMCID: PMC8887903 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ventricular zone (VZ) of the nervous system contains radial glia cells that were originally considered relatively homogenous in their gene expression, but a detailed characterization of transcriptional diversity in these VZ cells has not been reported. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize transcriptional heterogeneity of neural progenitors within the VZ and subventricular zone (SVZ) of the ganglionic eminences (GEs), the source of all forebrain GABAergic neurons. By using a transgenic mouse line to enrich for VZ cells, we characterize significant transcriptional heterogeneity, both between GEs and within spatial subdomains of specific GEs. Additionally, we observe differential gene expression between E12.5 and E14.5 VZ cells, which could provide insights into temporal changes in cell fate. Together, our results reveal a previously unknown spatial and temporal genetic diversity of VZ cells in the ventral forebrain that will aid our understanding of initial fate decisions in the forebrain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjin R Lee
- Unit on Cellular and Molecular Neurodevelopment, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, United States
| | - Christopher Rhodes
- Unit on Cellular and Molecular Neurodevelopment, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, United States
| | - Apratim Mitra
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, United States
| | - Yajun Zhang
- Unit on Cellular and Molecular Neurodevelopment, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, United States
| | - Dragan Maric
- Flow and Imaging Cytometry Core, National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke, Bethesda, United States
| | - Ryan K Dale
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, United States
| | - Timothy J Petros
- Unit on Cellular and Molecular Neurodevelopment, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, United States
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165
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Huang PY, Shih IA, Liao YC, You HL, Lee MJ. A novel HDAC11 inhibitor potentiates the tumoricidal effects of cordycepin against malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor through the Hippo signaling pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:873-892. [PMID: 35261809 PMCID: PMC8899988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder. Clinically, the hallmarks of NF1 include skin pigmentation and cutaneous neurofibroma. Some NF1 patients develop plexiform neurofibroma (PN) since early childhood. Pathologically, PN contains abundant Schwann cells, blood vessels and connective tissues, which may transform into a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST). MPNST is a highly invasive sarcoma without any effective therapy. Recently, both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that cordycepin can inhibit the growth of MPNST cells. Cordycepin causes cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and downregulates the protein levels of α-tubulin, p53 and Sp1. Herein, the present study revealed that the HDAC11 inhibitor, FT895, can synergistically enhance the tumoricidal effect of cordycepin against MPNST cells in vitro. Treatment with the combination of cordycepin and FT895 reduced the size of MPNST in the xenograft mouse model. The combined treatment decreased the protein levels of α-tubulin and KIF18A, which may disrupt the microtubule organization leading to the mis-segregation of chromosomes and aneuploidy. Moreover, the expression levels of TEAD1 and its co-activator TAZ, the candidate proteins in hippo signaling pathway, were suppressed after combined treatment. Sequence analysis found a few binding sites for the transcription factor, TEAD1 in the promoter regions of TUBA1B, KIF18A, TEAD1, TAZ, YAP, TP53 and SP1 genes. ChIP-qPCR assay showed that the combined treatment decreases the binding of TEAD1 to the promoters of TUBA1B, KIF18A, TEAD1, TAZ and YAP genes in STS26T cells. The reduced binding to TP53 and SP1 promoters was also found in S462TY cells, which was further confirmed by immunoblotting. The down-regulation of these important transcriptional factors may contribute to the vulnerability of MPNST. In summary, HDAC11 inhibitor, FT895 can potentiate the tumoricidal effect of cordycepin to suppress the MPNST cell growth, which was probably mediated by the dysfunction of hippo-signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-An Shih
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Liao
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Ling You
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Lee
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei, Taiwan
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166
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Hammer L, Levin‐Salomon V, Yaeli‐Slonim N, Weiss M, Dekel‐Bird NP, Olender T, Porat Z, Winograd‐Katz S, Savidor A, Levin Y, Bialik S, Geiger B, Kimchi A. A new function for the serine protease HtrA2 in controlling radiation‐induced senescence in cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:1365-1383. [PMID: 35122388 PMCID: PMC8936513 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liat Hammer
- Dept. Molecular Genetics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Vered Levin‐Salomon
- Dept. Molecular Genetics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Naama Yaeli‐Slonim
- Dept. Molecular Genetics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Moria Weiss
- Dept. Molecular Genetics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Naama P. Dekel‐Bird
- Dept. Molecular Genetics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Tsviya Olender
- Dept. Molecular Genetics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Ziv Porat
- Dept. Life Sciences Core Facilities Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | | | - Alon Savidor
- The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine (G‐INCPM) Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Yishai Levin
- The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine (G‐INCPM) Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Shani Bialik
- Dept. Molecular Genetics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Benjamin Geiger
- Dept. Immunology Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Adi Kimchi
- Dept. Molecular Genetics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
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167
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Kumar S, Bar-Lev L, Sharife H, Grunewald M, Mogilevsky M, Licht T, Goveia J, Taverna F, Paldor I, Carmeliet P, Keshet E. Identification of vascular cues contributing to cancer cell stemness and function. Angiogenesis 2022; 25:355-371. [PMID: 35112158 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-022-09830-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) reside close to blood vessels (BVs) but vascular cues contributing to GSC stemness and the nature of GSC-BVs cross talk are not fully understood. Here, we dissected vascular cues influencing GSC gene expression and function to perfusion-based vascular cues, as well as to those requiring direct GSC-endothelial cell (EC) contacts. In light of our previous finding that perivascular tumor cells are metabolically different from tumor cells residing further downstream, cancer cells residing within a narrow, < 60 µm wide perivascular niche were isolated and confirmed to possess a superior tumor-initiation potential compared with those residing further downstream. To circumvent reliance on marker expression, perivascular GSCs were isolated from the respective locales based on their relative state of quiescence. Combined use of these procedures uncovered a large number of previously unrecognized differentially expressed GSC genes. We show that the unique metabolic milieu of the perivascular niche dominated by the highly restricted zone of mTOR activity is conducive for acquisition of GSC properties, primarily in the regulation of genes implicated in cell cycle control. A complementary role of vascular cues including those requiring direct glioma/EC contacts was revealed using glioma/EC co-cultures. Outstanding in the group of glioma cells impacted by nearby ECs were multiple genes responsible for maintaining GSCs in an undifferentiated state, a large fraction of which also relied on Notch-mediated signaling. Glioma-EC communication was found to be bidirectional, evidenced by extensive Notch-mediated EC reprogramming by contacting tumor cells, primarily metabolic EC reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saran Kumar
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India. .,Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Libat Bar-Lev
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Husni Sharife
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Myriam Grunewald
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Maxim Mogilevsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tamar Licht
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jermaine Goveia
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Federico Taverna
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Iddo Paldor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hadassah University Hospital, Ein-Kerem, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eli Keshet
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel.
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168
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Xu YC, Liu GH, Xu YH, Zhao T, Zheng H, Tan XY. Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal the toxicological mechanism and risk assessment of environmentally-relevant waterborne tetracycline exposure on the gills of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151290. [PMID: 34743874 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing application of tetracycline (TC) in medical treatment, animal husbandry and aquaculture in recent decades, high quantities of TC have been frequently detected in the aquatic environment, and accordingly TC-related toxicity and environmental pollution have become a global concern. The present study was performed to explore the toxicological influences of TC exposure at its environmentally relevant concentrations on the gills of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, based on the alteration in histopathology, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, cell cycle, mitochondrial function, apoptosis, and transcriptomic analysis. Our findings revealed that TC exposure damaged the structure and function, induced oxidative stress, affected inflammatory responses, and reduced Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) activity in the gills. TC also caused the inhibition in cell cycle, resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction and activated apoptosis. Further transcriptomic analysis indicated the extensive influences of TC exposure on the gill function, and immune system was the main target to waterborne TC exposure. These results elucidated that environmental TC had more complex toxicological effects on gills of fish than previously assessed, and provided novel insight into molecular toxicology of TC on fish and good basis for assessing the environmental risk of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chuang Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yi-Huan Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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169
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Design, synthesis and mechanism studies of novel dual PARP1/BRD4 inhibitors against pancreatic cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 230:114116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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170
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Klimovich B, Merle N, Neumann M, Elmshäuser S, Nist A, Mernberger M, Kazdal D, Stenzinger A, Timofeev O, Stiewe T. p53 partial loss-of-function mutations sensitize to chemotherapy. Oncogene 2022; 41:1011-1023. [PMID: 34907344 PMCID: PMC8837531 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02141-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressive transcription factor p53 is frequently inactivated in cancer cells by missense mutations that cluster in the DNA binding domain. 30% hit mutational hotspot residues, resulting in a complete loss of transcriptional activity and mutant p53-driven chemotherapy resistance. Of the remaining 70% of non-hotspot mutants, many are partial loss-of-function (partial-LOF) mutants with residual transcriptional activity. The therapeutic consequences of a partial-LOF have remained largely elusive. Using a p53 mutation engineered to reduce DNA binding, we demonstrate that partial-LOF is sufficient to enhance oncogene-driven tumorigenesis in mouse models of lung and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and acute myeloid leukemia. Interestingly, mouse and human tumors with partial-LOF mutations showed mutant p53 protein accumulation similar as known for hotspot mutants. Different from the chemotherapy resistance caused by p53-loss, the partial-LOF mutant sensitized to an apoptotic chemotherapy response and led to a survival benefit. Mechanistically, the pro-apoptotic transcriptional activity of mouse and human partial-LOF mutants was rescued at high mutant protein levels, suggesting that accumulation of partial-LOF mutants enables the observed apoptotic chemotherapy response. p53 non-hotspot mutants with partial-LOF, therefore, represent tumorigenic p53 mutations that need to be distinguished from other mutations because of their beneficial impact on survival in a therapy context.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Humans
- Mice
- Loss of Function Mutation
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Klimovich
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nastasja Merle
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Neumann
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Elmshäuser
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marco Mernberger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kazdal
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Albrecht Stenzinger
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oleg Timofeev
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.
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171
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Identification of 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 as a Potential EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6119737. [PMID: 35111279 PMCID: PMC8803441 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6119737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As the main active ingredients of Panax ginseng, ginsenosides possess numerous bioactivities. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was widely used as a valid target in anticancer therapy. Herein, the EGFR targeting activities of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh2 (20(S)-Rh2) and the relationship of their structure-activity were investigated. Homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence assay showed that 20(S)-Rh2 significantly inhibited the activity against EGFR kinase. 20(S)-Rh2 was confirmed to effectively inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner by MTT assay. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting analysis revealed that 20(S)-Rh2 inhibited A549 cells growth via the EGFR-MAPK pathway. Meanwhile, 20(S)-Rh2 could promote cell apoptosis, block cell cycle, and reduce cell migration of A549 cells, respectively. In silico, the result suggested that both hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen-bonding interactions could contribute to stabilize their binding. Molecular dynamics simulation showed that the side chain sugar moiety of 20(S)-Rh2 was too flexible to be fixed at the active site of EGFR. Collectively, these findings suggested that 20(S)-Rh2 might serve as a potential EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
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172
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Ball CB, Parida M, Santana JF, Spector BM, Suarez GA, Price DH. Nuclear export restricts Gdown1 to a mitotic function. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:1908-1926. [PMID: 35048979 PMCID: PMC8887472 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately half of purified mammalian RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is associated with a tightly interacting sub-stoichiometric subunit, Gdown1. Previous studies have established that Gdown1 inhibits transcription initiation through competitive interactions with general transcription factors and blocks the Pol II termination activity of transcription termination factor 2 (TTF2). However, the biological functions of Gdown1 remain poorly understood. Here, we utilized genetic, microscopic, and multi-omics approaches to functionally characterize Gdown1 in three human cell lines. Acute depletion of Gdown1 caused minimal direct effects on transcription. We show that Gdown1 resides predominantly in the cytoplasm of interphase cells, shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus, and is regulated by nuclear export. Gdown1 enters the nucleus at the onset of mitosis. Consistently, genetic ablation of Gdown1 is associated with partial de-repression of mitotic transcription, and Gdown1 KO cells present with evidence of aberrant mitoses coupled to p53 pathway activation. Evidence is presented demonstrating that Gdown1 modulates the combined functions of purified productive elongation factors PAF1C, RTF1, SPT6, DSIF and P-TEFb in vitro. Collectively, our findings support a model wherein the Pol II-regulatory function of Gdown1 occurs during mitosis and is required for genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Ball
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mrutyunjaya Parida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Juan F Santana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Benjamin M Spector
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Gustavo A Suarez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - David H Price
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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173
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Duan L, Perez RE, Calhoun S, Maki CG. RBL2/DREAM-mediated repression of the Aurora kinase A/B pathway determines therapy responsiveness and outcome in p53 WT NSCLC. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1049. [PMID: 35058503 PMCID: PMC8776870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05013-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild-type p53 is a stress-responsive transcription factor and potent tumor suppressor. P53 activates or represses genes involved in cell cycle progression or apoptosis in order to arrest the cell cycle or induce cell death. Transcription repression by p53 is indirect and requires repressive members of the RB-family (RB1, RBL1, RBL2) and formation of repressor complexes of RB1-E2F and RBL1/RBL2-DREAM. Many aurora kinase A/B (AURKA/B) pathway genes are repressed in a p53-DREAM-dependent manner. We found heightened expression of RBL2 and reduced expression of AURKA/B pathway genes is associated with improved outcomes in p53 wild-type but not p53 mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Knockdown of p53, RBL2, or the DREAM component LIN37 increased AURKA/B pathway gene expression and reduced paclitaxel and radiation toxicity in NSCLC cells. In contrast, pharmacologic inhibition of AURKA/B or knockdown of AURKA/B pathway components increased paclitaxel and IR sensitivity. The results support a model in which p53-RBL2-DREAM-mediated repression of the AURKA/B pathway contributes to tumor suppression, improved tumor therapy responses, and better outcomes in p53 wild-type NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Duan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, 600 S. Paulina Ave, AcFac 507, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. .,Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Ricardo E Perez
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarah Calhoun
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, 600 S. Paulina Ave, AcFac 507, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.,Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Carl G Maki
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, 600 S. Paulina Ave, AcFac 507, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. .,Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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174
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HELLS Is Negatively Regulated by Wild-Type P53 in Liver Cancer by a Mechanism Involving P21 and FOXM1. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020459. [PMID: 35053620 PMCID: PMC8773711 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The tumor suppressor protein P53 is a major player in preventing liver cancer development and progression. In this study we could show that P53 negatively regulates the expression of Helicase, lymphoid specific (HELLS), previously described as an important pro-tumorigenic epigenetic regulator in hepatocarcinogenesis. The regulatory mechanism included induction of the P53 target gene P21 (CDKN1A) resulting in repression of HELLS via downregulation of the transcription factor Forkhead Box Protein M1 (FOXM1). Our in vitro and in vivo findings indicate an important additional aspect of the tumor suppressive function of P53 in liver cancer linked to epigenetic regulation. Abstract The major tumor suppressor P53 (TP53) acts primarily as a transcription factor by activating or repressing subsets of its numerous target genes, resulting in different cellular outcomes (e.g., cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence). P53-dependent gene regulation is linked to several aspects of chromatin remodeling; however, regulation of chromatin-modifying enzymes by P53 is poorly understood in hepatocarcinogenesis. Herein, we identified Helicase, lymphoid specific (HELLS), a major epigenetic regulator in liver cancer, as a strong and selective P53 repression target within the SNF2-like helicase family. The underlying regulatory mechanism involved P53-dependent induction of P21 (CDKN1A), leading to repression of Forkhead Box Protein M1 (FOXM1) that in turn resulted in downregulation of HELLS expression. Supporting our in vitro data, we found higher expression of HELLS in murine HCCs arising in a Trp53−/− background compared to Trp53+/+ HCCs as well as a strong and highly significant correlation between HELLS and FOXM1 expression in different HCC patient cohorts. Our data suggest that functional or mutational inactivation of P53 substantially contributes to overexpression of HELLS in HCC patients and indicates a previously unstudied aspect of P53′s ability to suppress liver cancer formation.
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175
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Ferulic Acid Alleviates Atherosclerotic Plaques by Inhibiting VSMC Proliferation Through the NO/p21 Signaling pathway. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:865-875. [PMID: 34993756 PMCID: PMC9622559 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-021-10196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The benefits and risks of inhibiting the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in atherosclerosis (AS) remain a subject of debate. In this study, we investigated the effect of ferulic acid (FA) on the proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and the associated mechanism and used ApoE-/- mice to study whether the effect of FA on VSMC proliferation and migration is beneficial in alleviating AS plaques. It was found that FA not only reduced blood lipid levels but also promoted the production of nitric oxide (NO) by MOVAS cells through the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway, inhibited the migration and proliferation of VSMCs induced by PDGF, promoted the expression of p21 in VSMCs, and exerted a therapeutic effect against AS.
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176
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Wei J, Shi Y, Zou C, Zhang H, Peng H, Wang S, Xia L, Yang Y, Zhang X, Liu J, Zhou H, Luo M, Huang A, Wang D. Cellular Id1 inhibits hepatitis B virus transcription by interacting with the novel covalently closed circular DNA-binding protein E2F4. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:65-81. [PMID: 34975318 PMCID: PMC8692152 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.62106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which required developing novel therapies targeting the inhibition of HBV transcription and replication due to current limited treatment options. We explored novel target for the development of novel therapies targeting the inhibition of HBV replication and transcription. The expression of Id1 and E2F4 in HCC cells and tissues was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. We investigated the Id1 and E2F4-mediated transcription of HBV infection by using HepG2.2.15, HepAD38, HepG2-NTCP cell lines and AAV/HBV-infected mice. Interactions between the two host proteins and viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) were assessed using subcellular localization, protein-protein interaction, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase assays. Ectopic Id1 significantly reduced HBV transcription and replication in both HBV-expressing cells and AAV/HBV-infected mice. Id1 and E2F4 could form a heterodimer to prevent E2F4 from promoting HBV transcription and replication. E2F4 could directly bind to cccDNA and activate the HBV core promoter in cell lines. Furthermore, in vitro binding experiments confirmed that the sequence 1758'-TTAAAGGTC-1766', which is highly conserved among HBV genotypes, is the target site of the E2F4 homodimer. The findings suggest that E2F4 function as novel cccDNA-binding protein to directly activate HBV transcription by binding to Cp promoter region. Our results highlight the ability that E2F4 represent a pan-potential therapeutic target against HBV transcription and provide more clues to better understand the life cycle of HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Yueyuan Shi
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Chunhong Zou
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hongpeng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China, 401147, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Davis Bldg., Room 3094, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048
| | - Shilei Wang
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lulu Xia
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junye Liu
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Miao Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.,College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400016, China
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177
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Avdoshina DV, Kondrashova AS, Belikova MG, Bayurova EO. Murine Models of Chronic Viral Infections and Associated Cancers. Mol Biol 2022; 56:649-667. [PMID: 36217336 PMCID: PMC9534466 DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322050028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are now recognized as bona fide etiologic factors of human cancer. Carcinogenic viruses include Epstein– Barr virus (EBV), high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1, indirectly), and several candidate human cancer viruses. It is estimated that 15% of all human tumors worldwide are caused by viruses. Tumor viruses establish long-term persistent infections in humans, and cancer is an accidental side effect of viral replication strategies. Viruses are usually not complete carcinogens, supporting the concept that cancer results from the accumulation of multiple cooperating events, in which human cancer viruses display different, often opposing roles. The laboratory mouse Mus musculus is one of the best in vivo experimental systems for modeling human pathology, including viral infections and cancer. However, mice are unsusceptible to infection with the known carcinogenic viruses. Many murine models were developed to overcome this limitation and to address various aspects of virus-associated carcinogenesis, from tumors resulting from xenografts of human tissues and cells, including cancerous and virus infected, to genetically engineered mice susceptible to viral infections and associated cancer. The review considers the main existing models, analyzes their advantages and drawbacks, describes their applications, outlines the prospects of their further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. V. Avdoshina
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immunobiological Products, Russian Academy of Sciences (Polio Institute), 108819 Moscow, Russia
| | - A. S. Kondrashova
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immunobiological Products, Russian Academy of Sciences (Polio Institute), 108819 Moscow, Russia
| | - M. G. Belikova
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immunobiological Products, Russian Academy of Sciences (Polio Institute), 108819 Moscow, Russia ,Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia ,Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - E. O. Bayurova
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immunobiological Products, Russian Academy of Sciences (Polio Institute), 108819 Moscow, Russia ,Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
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178
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Anticancer effects of veratramine via the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin and its downstream signaling pathways in human glioblastoma cell lines. Life Sci 2022; 288:120170. [PMID: 34826438 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Antitumor effects of veratramine in prostate and liver cancers has been investigated, but it is still unclear whether veratramine can be used as an effective therapeutic agent for glioma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential pharmacological mechanism of veratramine in glioma. MAIN METHODS Using four types of human glioblastoma cell lines, including A172, HS-683, T98G, and U-373-MG the dose-dependent antitumor effect of veratramine was evaluated. The cytotoxicity and cell proliferation were examined by CCK-8, and cell proliferation was further confirmed by anchorage-independent colony formation assay. The cell cycle distribution and apoptotic rate was assessed by flow cytometry, and apoptosis was further evaluated by apoptosis assay. The migration and invasiveness capacity were analyzed by using transwell. Protein and mRNA levels of related factors were determined by western blotting and RT-qPCR, respectively. KEY FINDINGS Veratramine markedly induced apoptosis, suppressed the cell proliferation via the cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest, and reduced the capacity for the migration and invasion in human glioblastoma multiforme cell lines. Moreover, veratramine was sufficient to affect the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway and its downstream Mdm2/p53/p21 pathway in human glioblastoma cell lines. SIGNIFICANCE Antitumor effects of veratramine in suppression of glioma progression was mediated by the regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Mdm2/p53/p21 signaling pathway.
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179
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He L, Chen IW, Zhang Z, Zheng W, Sayadi A, Wang L, Sang W, Ji R, Lei J, Arnqvist G, Lei C, Zhu-Salzman K. In silico promoter analysis and functional validation identify CmZFH, the co-regulator of hypoxia-responsive genes CmScylla and CmLPCAT. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 140:103681. [PMID: 34800642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) plays an essential role in aerobic organisms including terrestrial insects. Under hypoxic stress, the cowpea bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus) ceases feeding and growth. However, larvae, particularly 4th instar larvae exhibit very high tolerance to hypoxia and can recover normal growth once brought to normoxia. To better understand the molecular mechanism that enables insects to cope with low O2 stress, we performed RNA-seq to distinguish hypoxia-responsive genes in midguts and subsequently identified potential common cis-elements in promoters of hypoxia-induced and -repressed genes, respectively. Selected elements were subjected to gel-shift and transient transfection assays to confirm their cis-regulatory function. Of these putative common cis-elements, AREB6 appeared to regulate the expression of CmLPCAT and CmScylla, two hypoxia-induced genes. CmZFH, the putative AREB6-binding protein, was hypoxia-inducible. Transient expression of CmZFH in Drosophila S2 cells activated CmLPCAT and CmScylla, and their induction was likely through interaction of CmZFH with AREB6. Binding to AREB6 was further confirmed by bacterially expressed CmZFH recombinant protein. Deletion analyses indicated that the N-terminal zinc-finger cluster of CmZFH was the key AREB6-binding domain. Through in silico and experimental exploration, we discovered novel transcriptional regulatory components associated with gene expression dynamics under hypoxia that facilitated insect survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li He
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ivy W Chen
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Zan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Wenping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ahmed Sayadi
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75236, Sweden
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Wen Sang
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Rui Ji
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Jiaxin Lei
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Göran Arnqvist
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75236, Sweden
| | - Chaoliang Lei
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Keyan Zhu-Salzman
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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180
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Vitamin D Analogs Regulate the Vitamin D System and Cell Viability in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010172. [PMID: 35008598 PMCID: PMC8745402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most lethal cancers in women. The active form of vitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3, calcitriol) has anticancer activity in several cancers, including ovarian cancer, but the required pharmacological doses may cause hypercalcemia. We hypothesized that newly developed, low calcemic, vitamin D analogs (an1,25Ds) may be used as anticancer agents instead of calcitriol in ovarian cancer cells. METHODS We used two patient-derived high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cell lines with low (13781) and high (14433) mRNA expression levels of the gene encoding 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 24-hydroxylase CYP24A1, one of the main target genes of calcitriol. We tested the effect of calcitriol and four structurally related series of an1,25Ds (PRI-1906, PRI-1907, PRI-5201, PRI-5202) on cell number, viability, the expression of CYP24A1, and the vitamin D receptor (VDR). RESULTS CYP24A1 mRNA expression increased in a concentration-dependent manner after treatment with all compounds. In both cell lines, after 4 h, PRI-5202 was the most potent analog (in 13781 cells: EC50 = 2.98 ± 1.10 nmol/L, in 14433 cells: EC50 = 0.92 ± 0.20 nmol/L), while PRI-1907 was the least active one (in 13781 cells: EC50 = n/d, in 14433 cells: EC50 = n/d). This difference among the analogs disappeared after 5 days of treatment. The 13781 cells were more sensitive to the an1,25Ds compared with 14433 cells. The an1,25Ds increased nuclear VDR levels and reduced cell viability, but only in the 13781 cell line. CONCLUSIONS The an1,25Ds had different potencies in the HGSOC cell lines and their efficacy in increasing CYP24A1 expression was cell line- and chemical structure-dependent. Therefore, choosing sensitive cancer cell lines and further optimization of the analogs' structure might lead to new treatment options against ovarian cancer.
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181
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Zhao X, Li J, Liu Z, Powers S. Combinatorial CRISPR/Cas9 Screening Reveals Epistatic Networks of Interacting Tumor Suppressor Genes and Therapeutic Targets in Human Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:6090-6105. [PMID: 34561273 PMCID: PMC9762330 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-2555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The majority of cancers are driven by multiple genetic alterations, but how these changes collaborate during tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. To gain mechanistic insights into tumor-promoting genetic interactions among tumor suppressor genes (TSG), we conducted combinatorial CRISPR screening coupled with single-cell transcriptomic profiling in human mammary epithelial cells. As expected, different driver gene alterations in mammary epithelial cells influenced the repertoire of tumor suppressor alterations capable of inducing tumor formation. More surprisingly, TSG interaction networks were comprised of numerous cliques-sets of three or four genes such that each TSG within the clique showed oncogenic cooperation with all other genes in the clique. Genetic interaction profiling indicated that the predominant cooperating TSGs shared overlapping functions rather than distinct or complementary functions. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of CRISPR double knockouts revealed that cooperating TSGs that synergized in promoting tumorigenesis and growth factor independence showed transcriptional epistasis, whereas noncooperating TSGs did not. These epistatic transcriptional changes, both buffering and synergistic, affected expression of oncogenic mediators and therapeutic targets, including CDK4, SRPK1, and DNMT1. Importantly, the epistatic expression alterations caused by dual inactivation of TSGs in this system, such as PTEN and TP53, were also observed in patient tumors, establishing the relevance of these findings to human breast cancer. An estimated 50% of differentially expressed genes in breast cancer are controlled by epistatic interactions. Overall, our study indicates that transcriptional epistasis is a central aspect of multigenic breast cancer progression and outlines methodologies to uncover driver gene epistatic networks in other human cancers. SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides a roadmap for moving beyond discovery and development of therapeutic strategies based on single driver gene analysis to discovery based on interactions between multiple driver genes.See related commentary by Fong et al., p. 6078.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Jinyu Li
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Zhimin Liu
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Biochemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Janssen Research & Development Data Science, Titusville, New Jersey
| | - Scott Powers
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York.
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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182
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Ogura T, Azuma K, Takeiwa T, Sato J, Kinowaki K, Ikeda K, Kawabata H, Inoue S. TRIM39 is a poor prognostic factor for patients with estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer and promotes cell cycle progression. Pathol Int 2021; 72:96-106. [DOI: 10.1111/pin.13190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Ogura
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery Toranomon Hospital Tokyo Japan
- Department of Systems BioMedicine Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Kotaro Azuma
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Toshihiko Takeiwa
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | | | | | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy Saitama Medical University Saitama Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kawabata
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery Toranomon Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy Saitama Medical University Saitama Japan
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183
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Jiang T, Zheng L, Li X, Liu J, Song H, Xu Y, Dong C, Liu L, Wang H, Wang S, Wang R, Song J. Quiescin Sulfhydryl Oxidase 2 Overexpression Predicts Poor Prognosis and Tumor Progression in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Study Based on Data Mining and Clinical Verification. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:678770. [PMID: 34858968 PMCID: PMC8631333 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.678770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As a member of the atypical thiol oxidase family, quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase 2 (QSOX2) has been reported to play an important role in several biological processes, but the expression and function of QSOX2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains elusive. Methods: The difference of QSOX2 expression, and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis in CRC, was analyzed by bioinformatic analysis and validated by clinical CRC specimen cohort. The functional characterization of QSOX2 was detected via in vitro and vivo experiments in CRC cell lines, while the potential signaling pathways were predicted by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Results: Our data based on bioinformatical analysis and clinical validation demonstrated that the expression of QSOX2 in CRC tissues was significantly upregulated. Additionally, the chi-square test, logistic regression analysis, and Fisher's exact test showed that QSOX2 overexpression was significantly correlated with advanced clinicopathological parameters, such as pathological stage and lymph node metastasis. The Kaplan-Meier curves and univariate Cox regression model showed that QSOX2 overexpression predicts poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in CRC patients. More importantly, multivariate Cox regression model showed that QSOX2 overexpression could serve as an independent factor for CRC patients. In vitro and vivo data showed that the proliferation and metastasis ability of CRC cells were suppressed on condition of QSOX2 inhibition. In addition, GSEA showed that the QSOX2 high expression phenotype has enriched multiple potential cancer-related signaling pathways. Conclusion: QSOX2 overexpression is strongly associated with malignant progression and poor oncological outcomes in CRC. QSOX2 might act as a novel biomarker for prognosis prediction and a new target for biotherapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xia Li
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hu Song
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yixin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chenhua Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lianyu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Renhao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jun Song
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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184
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Czarnek M, Sarad K, Karaś A, Kochan J, Bereta J. Non-targeting control for MISSION shRNA library silences SNRPD3 leading to cell death or permanent growth arrest. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:711-731. [PMID: 34703654 PMCID: PMC8517100 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In parallel with the expansion of RNA interference (RNAi) techniques, accumulating evidence indicates that RNAi analyses might be seriously biased due to the off-target effects of gene-specific short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs). Our findings indicated that off-target effects of non-targeting shRNA comprise another source of misinterpreted shRNA-based data. We found that SHC016, which is one of two non-targeting shRNA controls for the MISSION (commercialized TRC) library, exerts deleterious effects that lead to elimination of the shRNA-coding cassette from the genomes of cultured murine and human cells. Here, we used a lentiviral vector with inducible SHC016 expression to confirm that this shRNA induces apoptosis in murine cells and senescence or mitotic catastrophe depending on the p53 status in human tumor cells. We identified the core spliceosomal protein, small nuclear ribonucleoprotein Sm D3 (SNRPD3), as a major SHC016 target in several cell lines and confirmed that CRISPRi knockdown of SNRPD3 mimics the effects of SHC016 expression in A549 and U251 cells. The overexpression of SNRPD3 rescued U251 cells from SHC016-induced mitotic catastrophe. Our findings disqualified non-targeting SHC016 shRNA and added a new premise to the discussion about the sources of uncertainty in RNAi results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Czarnek
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sarad
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Karaś
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub Kochan
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Bereta
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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185
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Enrico TP, Stallaert W, Wick ET, Ngoi P, Wang X, Rubin SM, Brown NG, Purvis JE, Emanuele MJ. Cyclin F drives proliferation through SCF-dependent degradation of the retinoblastoma-like tumor suppressor p130/RBL2. eLife 2021; 10:70691. [PMID: 34851822 PMCID: PMC8670743 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle gene expression programs fuel proliferation and are universally dysregulated in cancer. The retinoblastoma (RB)-family of proteins, RB1, RBL1/p107, and RBL2/p130, coordinately represses cell cycle gene expression, inhibiting proliferation, and suppressing tumorigenesis. Phosphorylation of RB-family proteins by cyclin-dependent kinases is firmly established. Like phosphorylation, ubiquitination is essential to cell cycle control, and numerous proliferative regulators, tumor suppressors, and oncoproteins are ubiquitinated. However, little is known about the role of ubiquitin signaling in controlling RB-family proteins. A systems genetics analysis of CRISPR/Cas9 screens suggested the potential regulation of the RB-network by cyclin F, a substrate recognition receptor for the SCF family of E3 ligases. We demonstrate that RBL2/p130 is a direct substrate of SCFcyclin F. We map a cyclin F regulatory site to a flexible linker in the p130 pocket domain, and show that this site mediates binding, stability, and ubiquitination. Expression of a mutant version of p130, which cannot be ubiquitinated, severely impaired proliferative capacity and cell cycle progression. Consistently, we observed reduced expression of cell cycle gene transcripts, as well a reduced abundance of cell cycle proteins, analyzed by quantitative, iterative immunofluorescent imaging. These data suggest a key role for SCFcyclin F in the CDK-RB network and raise the possibility that aberrant p130 degradation could dysregulate the cell cycle in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor P Enrico
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Wayne Stallaert
- Department of Genetics. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Elizaveta T Wick
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Peter Ngoi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, United States
| | - Xianxi Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Seth M Rubin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, United States
| | - Nicholas G Brown
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Jeremy E Purvis
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States.,Department of Genetics. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Michael J Emanuele
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
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186
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Gupta R, Ambasta RK, Pravir Kumar. Autophagy and apoptosis cascade: which is more prominent in neuronal death? Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:8001-8047. [PMID: 34741624 PMCID: PMC11072037 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are two crucial self-destructive processes that maintain cellular homeostasis, which are characterized by their morphology and regulated through signal transduction mechanisms. These pathways determine the fate of cellular organelle and protein involved in human health and disease such as neurodegeneration, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Cell death pathways share common molecular mechanisms, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, calcium ion concentration, reactive oxygen species, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Some key signaling molecules such as p53 and VEGF mediated angiogenic pathway exhibit cellular and molecular responses resulting in the triggering of apoptotic and autophagic pathways. Herein, based on previous studies, we describe the intricate relation between cell death pathways through their common genes and the role of various stress-causing agents. Further, extensive research on autophagy and apoptotic machinery excavates the implementation of selective biomarkers, for instance, mTOR, Bcl-2, BH3 family members, caspases, AMPK, PI3K/Akt/GSK3β, and p38/JNK/MAPK, in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This molecular phenomenon will lead to the discovery of possible therapeutic biomolecules as a pharmacological intervention that are involved in the modulation of apoptosis and autophagy pathways. Moreover, we describe the potential role of micro-RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and biomolecules as therapeutic agents that regulate cell death machinery to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Mounting evidence demonstrated that under stress conditions, such as calcium efflux, endoplasmic reticulum stress, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and oxidative stress intermediate molecules, namely p53 and VEGF, activate and cause cell death. Further, activation of p53 and VEGF cause alteration in gene expression and dysregulated signaling pathways through the involvement of signaling molecules, namely mTOR, Bcl-2, BH3, AMPK, MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt, and caspases. Alteration in gene expression and signaling cascades cause neurotoxicity and misfolded protein aggregates, which are characteristics features of neurodegenerative diseases. Excessive neurotoxicity and misfolded protein aggregates lead to neuronal cell death by activating death pathways like autophagy and apoptosis. However, autophagy has a dual role in the apoptosis pathways, i.e., activation and inhibition of the apoptosis signaling. Further, micro-RNAs and LncRNAs act as pharmacological regulators of autophagy and apoptosis cascade, whereas, natural compounds and chemical compounds act as pharmacological inhibitors that rescue neuronal cell death through inhibition of apoptosis and autophagic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Gupta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mechanical Engineering Building, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Room# FW4TF3, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mechanical Engineering Building, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Room# FW4TF3, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mechanical Engineering Building, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Room# FW4TF3, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
- , Delhi, India.
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187
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Uxa S, Castillo-Binder P, Kohler R, Stangner K, Müller GA, Engeland K. Ki-67 gene expression. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:3357-3370. [PMID: 34183782 PMCID: PMC8629999 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00823-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ki-67 serves as a prominent cancer marker. We describe how expression of the MKI67 gene coding for Ki-67 is controlled during the cell cycle. MKI67 mRNA and Ki-67 protein are maximally expressed in G2 phase and mitosis. Expression is dependent on two CHR elements and one CDE site in the MKI67 promoter. DREAM transcriptional repressor complexes bind to both CHR sites and downregulate the expression in G0/G1 cells. Upregulation of MKI67 transcription coincides with binding of B-MYB-MuvB and FOXM1-MuvB complexes from S phase into G2/M. Importantly, binding of B-MYB to the two CHR elements correlates with loss of CHR-dependent MKI67 promoter activation in B-MYB-knockdown experiments. In knockout cell models, we find that DREAM/MuvB-dependent transcriptional control cooperates with the RB Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor. Furthermore, the p53 tumor suppressor indirectly downregulates transcription of the MKI67 gene. This repression by p53 requires p21/CDKN1A. These results are consistent with a model in which DREAM, B-MYB-MuvB, and FOXM1-MuvB together with RB cooperate in cell cycle-dependent transcription and in transcriptional repression following p53 activation. In conclusion, we present mechanisms how MKI67 gene expression followed by Ki-67 protein synthesis is controlled during the cell cycle and upon induction of DNA damage, as well as upon p53 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Uxa
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Molecular Oncology, Medical School, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Paola Castillo-Binder
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Molecular Oncology, Medical School, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robin Kohler
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Molecular Oncology, Medical School, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konstanze Stangner
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Molecular Oncology, Medical School, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XPresent Address: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Anatomische Anstalt, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerd A. Müller
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Molecular Oncology, Medical School, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917Present Address: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Kurt Engeland
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Molecular Oncology, Medical School, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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188
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Hume S, Grou CP, Lascaux P, D'Angiolella V, Legrand AJ, Ramadan K, Dianov GL. The NUCKS1-SKP2-p21/p27 axis controls S phase entry. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6959. [PMID: 34845229 PMCID: PMC8630071 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27124-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient entry into S phase of the cell cycle is necessary for embryonic development and tissue homoeostasis. However, unscheduled S phase entry triggers DNA damage and promotes oncogenesis, underlining the requirement for strict control. Here, we identify the NUCKS1-SKP2-p21/p27 axis as a checkpoint pathway for the G1/S transition. In response to mitogenic stimulation, NUCKS1, a transcription factor, is recruited to chromatin to activate expression of SKP2, the F-box component of the SCFSKP2 ubiquitin ligase, leading to degradation of p21 and p27 and promoting progression into S phase. In contrast, DNA damage induces p53-dependent transcriptional repression of NUCKS1, leading to SKP2 downregulation, p21/p27 upregulation, and cell cycle arrest. We propose that the NUCKS1-SKP2-p21/p27 axis integrates mitogenic and DNA damage signalling to control S phase entry. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data reveal that this mechanism is hijacked in many cancers, potentially allowing cancer cells to sustain uncontrolled proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Hume
- Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, Oxford, UK
| | - Claudia P Grou
- Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, Oxford, UK
| | - Pauline Lascaux
- Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, Oxford, UK
| | - Vincenzo D'Angiolella
- Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, Oxford, UK
| | - Arnaud J Legrand
- Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, Oxford, UK.
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
| | - Kristijan Ramadan
- Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, Oxford, UK.
| | - Grigory L Dianov
- Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, Oxford, UK.
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentieva 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630090, Russia.
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189
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Neoadjuvant eribulin in HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer (SOLTI-1007-NeoEribulin): a multicenter, two-cohort, non-randomized phase II trial. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:145. [PMID: 34824288 PMCID: PMC8616926 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Eribulin prolongs overall survival in patients with pre-treated advanced breast cancer. However, no biomarker exists to prospectively select patients who will benefit the most from this drug. SOLTI-1007-NeoEribulin is a phase II, open-label, two-cohort, exploratory pharmacogenomic study in patients with clinical stage I–II HER2-negative breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant eribulin monotherapy treatment. Primary objective was to explore the association of baseline tumor gene expression with pathological complete response in the breast (pCRB) at surgery. Key secondary objectives were pCRB rates in all patients and according to HR status, gene expression changes during treatment and safety. One-hundred one hormonal receptor-positive (HR + ) and seventy-three triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients were recruited. The pCRB rates were 6.4% in all patients, 4.9% in HR + disease and 8.2% in TNBC. The TNBC cohort was interrupted due to a progression disease rate of 30.1%. The pCRB rates differed according to intrinsic subtypes: 28.6% in HER2-enriched, 11.1% in Normal-like, 7.9% in Luminal B, 5.9% in Basal-like and 0% in Luminal A (HER2-enriched vs. others odds ratio = 7.05, 95% CI 1.80–42.14; p-value = 0.032). Intrinsic subtype changes at surgery occurred in 33.3% of cases, mostly (49.0%) Luminal B converting to Luminal A or Basal-like converting to Normal-like. Baseline tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were significantly associated with pCR. Eribulin showed a good safety profile with a low response and pCRB rates. Patients with HER2-negative disease with a HER2-enriched profile may benefit the most from eribulin. In addition, significant biological activity of eribulin is observed in Luminal B and Basal-like subtypes.
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190
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Ge Y, Zhou M, Chen C, Wu X, Wang X. Role of AMPK mediated pathways in autophagy and aging. Biochimie 2021; 195:100-113. [PMID: 34838647 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AMPK is an important kinase regulating energy homeostasis and also a key protein involved in a variety of signal transduction pathways. It plays a vitally regulatory role in cellular senescence. Activation of AMPK can delay or block the aging process, which is of great significance in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and other aging related diseases, and provides a potential target for new indications such as Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, AMPK signaling pathway plays an important role in aging research. The in-depth study of AMPK activators will provide more new directions for the treatment of age-related maladies and the development of innovative drugs. Autophagy is a process that engulfs and degrades own cytoplasm or organelles. Thereby, meeting the metabolic demands and updating certain organelles of the cell has become a hotspot in the field of anti-aging in recent years. AMPK plays an important role between autophagy and senescence. In our review, the relationship among AMPK signaling, autophagy and aging will be clarified through the interaction between AMPK and mTOR, ULK1, FOXO, p53, SIRT1, and NF -κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Ge
- School of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China
| | - Min Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China
| | - Cui Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China
| | - Xiaojian Wu
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530007, China.
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China; Key Laboratory of University Cell Biology Yunnan Province, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China.
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191
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Huang DP, Liao MM, Tong JJ, Yuan WQ, Peng DT, Lai JP, Zeng YH, Qiu YJ, Tong GD. Construction of a genome instability-derived lncRNA-based risk scoring system for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021. [PMID: 34799469 DOI: 10.1863/aging.203698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence revealed the critical roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in maintaining genomic instability. However, genome instability-associated lncRNAs (GILncRNAs) and their performance in clinical prognostic significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are rarely reported. Our study constructed a computational framework integrating somatic mutation information and lncRNA expression profiles of HCC genome and we identified 88 GILncRNAs of HCC. Function enrichment analysis revealed that GILncRNAs were involved in various metabolism processes and genome instability of cancer. A genome instability-derived lncRNA-based gene signature (GILncSig) was constructed using training set data. The performance of GILncSig for outcome prediction was validated in testing set and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) set. The multivariate cox regression analysis and stratification analysis demonstrated GILncSig could serve as an independent prognostic factor for the overall survival of HCC patients. The time-dependent Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve illustrated GILncSig outperformed two recently published lncRNA signatures for overall survival prediction. The combination of GILncSig and tumor protein p53 (TP53) mutation status exhibited better prognostic performance in survival evaluation compared to TP53 mutation status alone. AC145343.1 was further validated to be a risk factor for HCC in vitro among GILncSig. Overall, our study provided a novel approach for identification of genome instability-associated lncRNAs and established an independent risk score system for outcome prediction of HCC patients, which provided a new insight for exploring in-depth mechanism and potential therapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Ping Huang
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mian-Mian Liao
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China.,College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing-Jing Tong
- The Affiliated Chencun Hospital of Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde 528300, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei-Qu Yuan
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - De-Ti Peng
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Ping Lai
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi-Hao Zeng
- College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Jun Qiu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510403, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guang-Dong Tong
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
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192
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Huang DP, Liao MM, Tong JJ, Yuan WQ, Peng DT, Lai JP, Zeng YH, Qiu YJ, Tong GD. Construction of a genome instability-derived lncRNA-based risk scoring system for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:24621-24639. [PMID: 34799469 PMCID: PMC8660619 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence revealed the critical roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in maintaining genomic instability. However, genome instability-associated lncRNAs (GILncRNAs) and their performance in clinical prognostic significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are rarely reported. Our study constructed a computational framework integrating somatic mutation information and lncRNA expression profiles of HCC genome and we identified 88 GILncRNAs of HCC. Function enrichment analysis revealed that GILncRNAs were involved in various metabolism processes and genome instability of cancer. A genome instability-derived lncRNA-based gene signature (GILncSig) was constructed using training set data. The performance of GILncSig for outcome prediction was validated in testing set and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) set. The multivariate cox regression analysis and stratification analysis demonstrated GILncSig could serve as an independent prognostic factor for the overall survival of HCC patients. The time-dependent Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve illustrated GILncSig outperformed two recently published lncRNA signatures for overall survival prediction. The combination of GILncSig and tumor protein p53 (TP53) mutation status exhibited better prognostic performance in survival evaluation compared to TP53 mutation status alone. AC145343.1 was further validated to be a risk factor for HCC in vitro among GILncSig. Overall, our study provided a novel approach for identification of genome instability-associated lncRNAs and established an independent risk score system for outcome prediction of HCC patients, which provided a new insight for exploring in-depth mechanism and potential therapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Ping Huang
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mian-Mian Liao
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China.,College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing-Jing Tong
- The Affiliated Chencun Hospital of Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde 528300, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei-Qu Yuan
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - De-Ti Peng
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Ping Lai
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi-Hao Zeng
- College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Jun Qiu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510403, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guang-Dong Tong
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
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193
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Gupta R, Jha A, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Regulatory mechanism of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases in post-mitotic neuronal cell division. Life Sci 2021; 285:120006. [PMID: 34606852 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are the most common life-threatening disease of the central nervous system and it cause the progressive loss of neuronal cells. The exact mechanism of the disease's progression is not clear and thus line of treatment for NDDs is a baffling issue. During the progression of NDDs, oxidative stress and DNA damage play an important regulatory function, and ultimately induces neurodegeneration. Recently, aberrant cell cycle events have been demonstrated in the progression of different NDDs. However, the pertinent role of signaling mechanism, for instance, post-translational modifications, oxidative stress, DNA damage response pathway, JNK/p38 MAPK, MEK/ERK cascade, actively participated in the aberrant cell cycle reentry induced neuronal cell death. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that aberrant cell cycle re-entry is a major contributing factor in the pathogenesis of NDDs rather than a secondary phenomenon. In the brain of AD patients with mild cognitive impairment, post miotic cell division can be seen in the early stage of the disease. However, in the brain of PD patients, response to various neurotoxic signals, the cell cycle re-entry has been observed that causes neuronal apoptosis. On contrary, the contributing factors that leads to the induction of cell cycle events in mature neurons in HD and ALS brain pathology is remain unclear. Various pharmacological drugs have been developed to reduce the pathogenesis of NDDs, but they are still not helpful in eliminating the cause of these NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Gupta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India
| | - Ankita Jha
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India.
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194
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Rozenberg JM, Zvereva S, Dalina A, Blatov I, Zubarev I, Luppov D, Bessmertnyi A, Romanishin A, Alsoulaiman L, Kumeiko V, Kagansky A, Melino G, Ganini C, Barlev NA. The p53 family member p73 in the regulation of cell stress response. Biol Direct 2021; 16:23. [PMID: 34749806 PMCID: PMC8577020 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-021-00307-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During oncogenesis, cells become unrestrictedly proliferative thereby altering the tissue homeostasis and resulting in subsequent hyperplasia. This process is paralleled by resumption of cell cycle, aberrant DNA repair and blunting the apoptotic program in response to DNA damage. In most human cancers these processes are associated with malfunctioning of tumor suppressor p53. Intriguingly, in some cases two other members of the p53 family of proteins, transcription factors p63 and p73, can compensate for loss of p53. Although both p63 and p73 can bind the same DNA sequences as p53 and their transcriptionally active isoforms are able to regulate the expression of p53-dependent genes, the strongest overlap with p53 functions was detected for p73. Surprisingly, unlike p53, the p73 is rarely lost or mutated in cancers. On the contrary, its inactive isoforms are often overexpressed in cancer. In this review, we discuss several lines of evidence that cancer cells develop various mechanisms to repress p73-mediated cell death. Moreover, p73 isoforms may promote cancer growth by enhancing an anti-oxidative response, the Warburg effect and by repressing senescence. Thus, we speculate that the role of p73 in tumorigenesis can be ambivalent and hence, requires new therapeutic strategies that would specifically repress the oncogenic functions of p73, while keeping its tumor suppressive properties intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian M Rozenberg
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.
| | - Svetlana Zvereva
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Aleksandra Dalina
- The Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Blatov
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Ilya Zubarev
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Daniil Luppov
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | - Alexander Romanishin
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.,School of Life Sciences, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Lamak Alsoulaiman
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Vadim Kumeiko
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Alexander Kagansky
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Ganini
- Department of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Nikolai A Barlev
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia. .,Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
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195
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Insight into the Candidate Genes and Enriched Pathways Associated with Height, Length, Length to Height Ratio and Body-Weight of Korean Indigenous Breed, Jindo Dog Using Gene Set Enrichment-Based GWAS Analysis. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113136. [PMID: 34827868 PMCID: PMC8614278 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As a companion and hunting dog, height, length, length to height ratio (LHR) and body-weight are the vital economic traits for Jindo dog. Human selection and targeted breeding have produced an extraordinary diversity in these traits. Therefore, the identification of causative markers, genes and pathways that help us to understand the genetic basis of this variability is essential for their selection purposes. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) combined with enrichment analysis on 757 dogs using 118,879 SNPs. The genomic heritability (h2) was 0.33 for height and 0.28 for weight trait in Jindo. At p-value < 5 × 10-5, ten, six, thirteen and eleven SNPs on different chromosomes were significantly associated with height, length, LHR and body-weight traits, respectively. Based on our results, HHIP, LCORL and NCAPG for height, IGFI and FGFR3 for length, DLK1 and EFEMP1 for LHR and PTPN2, IGFI and RASAL2 for weight can be the potential candidate genes because of the significant SNPs located in their intronic or upstream regions. The gene-set enrichment analysis highlighted here nine and seven overlapping significant (p < 0.05) gene ontology (GO) terms and pathways among traits. Interestingly, the highlighted pathways were related to hormone synthesis, secretion and signalling were generally involved in the metabolism, growth and development process. Our data provide an insight into the significant genes and pathways if verified further, which will have a significant effect on the breeding of the Jindo dog's population.
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196
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Liu Y, Pang Z, Zhao X, Zeng Y, Shen H, Du J. Prognostic model of AU-rich genes predicting the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12275. [PMID: 34707942 PMCID: PMC8504460 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background AU-rich elements (ARE) are vital cis-acting short sequences in the 3’UTR affecting mRNA stability and translation. The deregulation of ARE-mediated pathways can contribute to tumorigenesis and development. Consequently, ARE-genes are promising to predict prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Methods Differentially expressed ARE-genes between LUAD and adjacent tissues in TCGA were investigated by Wilcoxon test. LASSO and Cox regression analyses were performed to identify a prognostic genetic signature. The genetic signature was combined with clinicopathological features to establish a prognostic model. LUAD patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups by the model. Kaplan–Meier curve, Harrell’s concordance index (C-index), calibration curves and decision curve analyses (DCA) were used to assess the model. Function enrichment analysis, immunity and tumor mutation analyses were performed to further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. GEO data were used for external validation. Results Twelve prognostic genes were identified. The gene riskScore, age and stage were independent prognostic factors. The high-risk group had worse overall survival and was less sensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy (P < 0.01). C-index and calibration curves showed good performance on survival prediction in both TCGA (1, 3, 5-year ROC: 0.788, 0.776, 0.766) and the GSE13213 validation cohort (1, 3, 5-year ROC: 0.781, 0.811, 0.734). DCA showed the model had notable clinical net benefit. Furthermore, the high-risk group were enriched in cell cycle, DNA damage response, multiple oncological pathways and associated with higher PD-L1 expression, M1 macrophage infiltration. There was no significant difference in tumor mutation burden (TMB) between high- and low-risk groups. Conclusion ARE-genes can reliably predict prognosis of LUAD and may become new therapeutic targets for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhaofei Pang
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yukai Zeng
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongchang Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiajun Du
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Tong Y, Liu X, Xia D, Peng E, Yang X, Liu H, Ye T, Wang X, He Y, Xu H, Ye Z, Chen Z, Tang K. Biological Roles and Clinical Significance of Exosome-Derived Noncoding RNAs in Bladder Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:704703. [PMID: 34692482 PMCID: PMC8530185 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.704703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is a common heterogeneous urinary system tumor with high malignancy and limited advancement in treatment. Limited understanding of BCa has not contributed to any significant progress in diagnosis or treatment, exploring the mechanisms underlying BCa has become an urgent research focus. Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicle (EV), have drawn substantial interest for their important roles in mediating intracellular communication. Exosomes shuttle numerous bioactive molecules, and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are among the most numerous. ncRNAs including microRNA, long noncoding RNA, and circular RNA are sorted and packaged into exosomes selectively and transferred into recipient cells to regulate their function. Exosomal ncRNAs are associated with hallmarks of BCa, such as proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell cycle arrest, lymphangiogenesis, and chemotherapy resistance. Exosomal ncRNAs can also be detected in urine and serum, making them encouraging biomarkers for BCa diagnosis and prognosis. More importantly, exosomes exhibit excellent biocompatibility and potential for diversified applications. The delivery of bioactive substances and drugs into specific cells has become a promising approach for precision therapy for BCa patients. In addition, cancer vaccines have also received increasing attention. In this review, we summarize the current research on the regulatory roles of exosomal ncRNAs in BCa tumorigenesis and progression, as well as their potential clinical value in accelerating the diagnosis and therapy of BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Tong
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding Xia
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ejun Peng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hailang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinguang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Si T, Huang Z, Jiang Y, Walker-Jacobs A, Gill S, Hegarty R, Hamza M, Khorsandi SE, Jassem W, Heaton N, Ma Y. Expression Levels of Three Key Genes CCNB1, CDC20, and CENPF in HCC Are Associated With Antitumor Immunity. Front Oncol 2021; 11:738841. [PMID: 34660300 PMCID: PMC8515852 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.738841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer with a low 5-year survival rate. The heterogeneity of HCC makes monotherapy unlikely. The development of diagnostic programs and new treatments targeting common genetic events in the carcinogenic process are providing further insights into the management of HCC. The aim of this study was firstly to validate key genes that are involved in promoting HCC development and as biomarkers for early diagnosis and, secondly, to define their links with antitumor immunity including inhibitory checkpoints. Methods Multiple databases including Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Kaplan-Meier Plotter, UALCAN, and Oncomine were used for target gene screening and establishment of a co-expression network. Clinical data and RNAseq of 367 HCC patients were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The diagnostic and prognostic value of screened genes were tested by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and correlation analysis. The links with the key genes in HCC and antitumor immunity were defined using both blood and liver tissue collected prospectively from HCC patients in our center. Results Upregulation of CCNB1, CDC20, and CENPF was commonly observed in HCC and are involved in the p53 signal pathway. The hepatic mRNA expression levels of these three genes were strongly associated with patients' prognosis and expressed high value of area under the ROC curve (AUC). Further analysis revealed that these three genes were positively correlated with the gene expression levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17 in peripheral blood. In addition, the expression of CENPF showed positive correlation with the percentage of CD8pos T cells and negative correlation with the percentage of CD4pos T cells in the peripheral blood. In the HCC microenvironment, the transcript levels of these three genes and inhibitory checkpoint molecules including PD-1, CTLA-4, and TIM-3 were positively correlated. Conclusion The upregulation of CCNB1, CDC20, and CENPF genes was a common event in hepatocarcinogenesis. Expression levels of CCNB1, CDC20, and CENPF showed potential for early diagnosis and prediction of prognosis in HCC patients. There is a close association between three genes and Th1/Th17 cytokines as well as the count of CD4pos and CD8pos T cells. The positive correlation between the three genes and inhibitory checkpoint genes, PD-1, CTLA-4, and TIM-3, indicates that these genes are linked with weakened antitumor immunity in HCC. Our findings may provide further insights into developing novel therapies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Si
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhenlin Huang
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanhang Jiang
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail Walker-Jacobs
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shaqira Gill
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Hegarty
- Pediatric Liver, GI and Nutrition Centre, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Hamza
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shirin Elizabeth Khorsandi
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Transplant Service, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wayel Jassem
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Transplant Service, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Heaton
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Transplant Service, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yun Ma
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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199
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Yi L, Wang H, Li W, Ye K, Xiong W, Yu H, Jin X. The FOXM1/RNF26/p57 axis regulates the cell cycle to promote the aggressiveness of bladder cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:944. [PMID: 34650035 PMCID: PMC8516991 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most lethal cancers in the world. Despite the continuous development of medical technologies and therapeutic strategies, the overall survival rate of bladder cancer has not changed significantly. Targeted therapy is a new promising method for bladder cancer treatment. Thus, an in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of the occurrence and development of bladder cancer is urgently needed to identify novel therapeutic candidates for bladder cancer. Here, bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that RNF26 was one of the risk factors for bladder cancer. Then, we showed that RNF26 is abnormally upregulated in bladder cancer cells and tissues and that higher RNF26 expression is an unfavorable prognostic factor for bladder cancer. Moreover, we found that RNF26 promotes bladder cancer progression. In addition, we showed that RNF26 expression is promoted by FOXM1 at the transcriptional level through MuvB complex. The upregulated RNF26 in turn degrades p57 (CDKN1C) to regulate the cell cycle process. Collectively, we uncovered a novel FOXM1/RNF26/p57 axis that modulates the cell cycle process and enhances the progression of bladder cancer. Thus, the FOXM1/RNF26/p57 signaling axis could be a candidate target for the treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yi
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Uro-Oncology Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Smart and Precise Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Haohui Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Uro-Oncology Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Smart and Precise Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Uro-Oncology Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Smart and Precise Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Kun Ye
- Uro-Oncology Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Uro-Oncology Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Haixin Yu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
- Uro-Oncology Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Smart and Precise Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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200
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Lund PJ, Lopes M, Sidoli S, Coradin M, Vitorino FNDL, da Cunha JPC, Garcia BA. FGF-2 induces a failure of cell cycle progression in cells harboring amplified K-Ras, revealing new insights into oncogene-induced senescence. Mol Omics 2021; 17:725-739. [PMID: 34636387 PMCID: PMC8511509 DOI: 10.1039/d1mo00019e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Paradoxically, oncogenes that drive cell cycle progression may also trigger pathways leading to senescence, thereby inhibiting the growth of tumorigenic cells. Knowledge of how these pathways operate, and how tumor cells may evade these pathways, is important for understanding tumorigenesis. The Y1 cell line, which harbors an amplification of the proto-oncogene Ras, rapidly senesces in response to the mitogen fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). To gain a more complete picture of how FGF-2 promotes senescence, we employed a multi-omics approach to analyze histone modifications, mRNA and protein expression, and protein phosphorylation in Y1 cells treated with FGF-2. Compared to control cells treated with serum alone, FGF-2 caused a delayed accumulation of acetylation on histone H4 and higher levels of H3K27me3. Sequencing analysis revealed decreased expression of cell cycle-related genes with concomitant loss of H3K27ac. At the same time, FGF-2 promoted the expression of p21, various cytokines, and MAPK-related genes. Nuclear envelope proteins, particularly lamin B1, displayed increased phosphorylation in response to FGF-2. Proteome analysis suggested alterations in cellular metabolism, as evident by modulated expression of enzymes involved in purine biosynthesis, tRNA aminoacylation, and the TCA cycle. We propose that Y1 cells senesce due to an inability to progress through the cell cycle, which may stem from DNA damage or TGFb signaling. Altogether, the phenotype of Y1 cells is consistent with rapidly established oncogene-induced senescence, demonstrating the synergy between growth factors and oncogenes in driving senescence and bringing additional insight into this tumor suppressor mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peder J Lund
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Mariana Lopes
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Laboratório de Ciclo Celular, Center of Toxins, Immune Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Mariel Coradin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Francisca Nathália de Luna Vitorino
- Laboratório de Ciclo Celular, Center of Toxins, Immune Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.
| | - Julia Pinheiro Chagas da Cunha
- Laboratório de Ciclo Celular, Center of Toxins, Immune Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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