151
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Fusaric acid alters Akt and ampk signalling in c57bl/6 mice brain tissue. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 138:111252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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152
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Mouton AJ, Li X, Hall ME, Hall JE. Obesity, Hypertension, and Cardiac Dysfunction: Novel Roles of Immunometabolism in Macrophage Activation and Inflammation. Circ Res 2020; 126:789-806. [PMID: 32163341 PMCID: PMC7255054 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.312321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and hypertension, which often coexist, are major risk factors for heart failure and are characterized by chronic, low-grade inflammation, which promotes adverse cardiac remodeling. While macrophages play a key role in cardiac remodeling, dysregulation of macrophage polarization between the proinflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes promotes excessive inflammation and cardiac injury. Metabolic shifting between glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation has been implicated in macrophage polarization. M1 macrophages primarily rely on glycolysis, whereas M2 macrophages rely on the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation; thus, factors that affect macrophage metabolism may disrupt M1/M2 homeostasis and exacerbate inflammation. The mechanisms by which obesity and hypertension may synergistically induce macrophage metabolic dysfunction, particularly during cardiac remodeling, are not fully understood. We propose that obesity and hypertension induce M1 macrophage polarization via mechanisms that directly target macrophage metabolism, including changes in circulating glucose and fatty acid substrates, lipotoxicity, and tissue hypoxia. We discuss canonical and novel proinflammatory roles of macrophages during obesity-hypertension-induced cardiac injury, including diastolic dysfunction and impaired calcium handling. Finally, we discuss the current status of potential therapies to target macrophage metabolism during heart failure, including antidiabetic therapies, anti-inflammatory therapies, and novel immunometabolic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J. Mouton
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street; Jackson, MS, 39216-4505
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street; Jackson, MS, 39216-4505
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street; Jackson, MS, 39216-4505
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street; Jackson, MS, 39216-4505
| | - Michael E. Hall
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street; Jackson, MS, 39216-4505
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street; Jackson, MS, 39216-4505
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street; Jackson, MS, 39216-4505
| | - John E. Hall
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street; Jackson, MS, 39216-4505
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street; Jackson, MS, 39216-4505
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153
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Hirota K. Basic Biology of Hypoxic Responses Mediated by the Transcription Factor HIFs and its Implication for Medicine. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8020032. [PMID: 32069878 PMCID: PMC7168341 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) is essential for human life. Molecular oxygen is vital for the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in human cells. O2 deficiency leads to a reduction in the energy levels that are required to maintain biological functions. O2 acts as the final acceptor of electrons during oxidative phosphorylation, a series of ATP synthesis reactions that occur in conjunction with the electron transport system in mitochondria. Persistent O2 deficiency may cause death due to malfunctioning biological processes. The above account summarizes the classic view of oxygen. However, this classic view has been reviewed over the last two decades. Although O2 is essential for life, higher organisms such as mammals are unable to biosynthesize molecular O2 in the body. Because the multiple organs of higher organisms are constantly exposed to the risk of “O2 deficiency,” living organisms have evolved elaborate strategies to respond to hypoxia. In this review, I will describe the system that governs oxygen homeostasis in the living body from the point-of-view of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiichi Hirota
- Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
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154
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Abstract
Macrophages play an essential role not only in mediating the first line of defense but also in maintaining tissue homeostasis. In response to extrinsic factors derived from a given tissue, macrophages activate different functional programs to produce polarized macrophage populations responsible for inducing inflammation against microbes, removing cellular debris, and tissue repair. However, accumulating evidence has revealed that macrophage polarization is pivotal in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndromes and cancer, as well as in infectious and autoimmune diseases. Recent advances in transcriptomic and metabolomic studies have highlighted the link between metabolic rewiring of macrophages and their functional plasticity. These findings imply that metabolic adaption to their surrounding microenvironment instructs activation of macrophages with functionally distinct phenotypes, which in turn probably leads to the pathogenesis of a wide spectrum of diseases. In this review, we have introduced emerging concepts in immunometabolism with focus on the impact on functional activation of macrophages. Furthermore, we have discussed the implication of macrophage plasticity on the pathogenesis of metabolic syndromes and cancer, and how the disease microenvironment manipulates macrophage metabolism with regard to the pathophysiology. [BMB Reports 2019; 52(6): 360-372].
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Thapa
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Keunwook Lee
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, and Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
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155
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Liu Y, Liang S, Ding R, Hou Y, Deng F, Ma X, Song T, Yan D. BCG-induced trained immunity in macrophage: reprograming of glucose metabolism. Int Rev Immunol 2020; 39:83-96. [DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2020.1712379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuntong Liu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Shu Liang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ru Ding
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yuyang Hou
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Feier Deng
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Tiantian Song
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
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156
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Díaz-Bulnes P, Saiz ML, López-Larrea C, Rodríguez RM. Crosstalk Between Hypoxia and ER Stress Response: A Key Regulator of Macrophage Polarization. Front Immunol 2020; 10:2951. [PMID: 31998288 PMCID: PMC6961549 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation and polarization are closely linked with metabolic rewiring, which is required to sustain their biological functions. These metabolic alterations allow the macrophages to adapt to the microenvironment changes associated with inflammation or tissue damage (hypoxia, nutrient imbalance, oxidative stress, etc.) and to fulfill their highly energy-demanding proinflammatory and anti-microbial functions. This response is integrated via metabolic sensors that coordinate these metabolic fluxes with their functional requirements. Here we review how the metabolic and phenotypic plasticity of macrophages are intrinsically connected with the hypoxia stress sensors and the unfolded protein response in the endoplasmic reticulum, and how these molecular pathways participate in the maladaptive polarization of macrophages in human pathology and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Díaz-Bulnes
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Laura Saiz
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Larrea
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.,Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ramón M Rodríguez
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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157
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Buchholz B, Eckardt KU. Role of oxygen and the HIF-pathway in polycystic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2020; 69:109524. [PMID: 31904413 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Kidney cyst growth in ADPKD is associated with regional hypoxia, presumably due to a mismatch between enlarged cysts and the peritubular capillary blood supply and compression of peritubular capillaries in cyst walls. Regional hypoxia leads to activation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors, with the two main HIF isoforms, HIF-1 and HIF-2 expressed in cyst epithelia and pericystic interstitial cells, respectively. While HIF-2 activation is linked to EPO production, mitigating the anemia that normally accompanies chronic kidney disease, HIF-1 promotes cyst growth. HIF-dependent cyst growth is primarily due to an increase in chloride-dependent fluid secretion into the cyst lumen. However, given the broad spectrum of HIF-target genes, additional HIF-mediated pathways may also contribute to cyst progression. Furthermore, hypoxia can influence cyst growth through the generation of reactive oxygen species. Since cyst expansion aggravates regional hypoxia, a feedforward loop is established that accelerates cyst expansion and disease progression. Inhibiting the HIF pathway and/or HIF target genes that are of particular relevance for HIF-dependent cyst fluid secretion may therefore represent novel therapeutic approaches to retard the progression of APDKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern Buchholz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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158
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Rezazadeh D, Norooznezhad AH, Mansouri K, Jahani M, Mostafaie A, Mohammadi MH, Modarressi MH. Rapamycin Reduces Cervical Cancer Cells Viability in Hypoxic Condition: Investigation of the Role of Autophagy and Apoptosis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:4239-4247. [PMID: 32547058 PMCID: PMC7244242 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s249985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapamycin has been known as an anti-cancer agent that affects different malignancies such as glioblastoma and prostate cancer. However, there are few studies concerning rapamycin effects on the cervical cancer cells. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the possible effect of rapamycin on a cervical cancer cell line and explored the possible mechanism(s) and pathway(s) for this agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS To do so, HeLa cells as cervical cancer cell line were used and treated with different concentrations of rapamycin under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Then, cell viability assays, Western blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QR-PCR), acridine orange and acridine orange/propidium iodide staining were performed to evaluate rapamycin effect on the mentioned cell line. RESULTS The results showed that autophagy and apoptosis-related genes increased significantly in rapamycin-treated HeLa cells compared to controls. Moreover, cervical cancer cell death by rapamycin-induced autophagy in hypoxia was greater than normoxia compared with controls. In this study, it was showed that autophagy induction by rapamycin can mediate programmed cell death of cervical cancer cells, especially in hypoxic condition. CONCLUSION These findings provide a new evidence that rapamycin may inhibit hypoxic HeLa cell proliferation through the trigger of programmed cell death, facilitating the development of novel anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Rezazadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Norooznezhad
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Jahani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Mostafaie
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi
- HSCT Research Center, Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Modarressi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Correspondence: Mohammad Hossein Modarressi Email
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159
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Sola-Penna M, Paixão LP, Branco JR, Ochioni AC, Albanese JM, Mundim DM, Baptista-de-Souza D, Figueiredo CP, Coelho WS, Marcondes MC, Zancan P. Serotonin activates glycolysis and mitochondria biogenesis in human breast cancer cells through activation of the Jak1/STAT3/ERK1/2 and adenylate cyclase/PKA, respectively. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:194-208. [PMID: 31819176 PMCID: PMC7052254 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0640-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although produced by several types of tumours, the role of serotonin on cancer biology is yet to be understood. METHODS The effects of serotonin (5-HT) on human breast cancer cells proliferation, signalling pathways and metabolic profile were evaluated by cytometry, western blotting, qPCR, enzymology and confocal microscopy. RESULTS Our results revealed that incubation of MCF-7 cells with 10 µM 5-HT increased cell growth rate by 28%, an effect that was prevented by the 5-HTR2A/C antagonist, ketanserin. Conversely, increasing concentrations of 5-HT promoted glucose consumption and lactate production by MCF-7 cells. We also showed that increased glucose metabolism is provoked by the upregulation of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) isoform through 5-HTR2A/C-triggered activation of Jak1/STAT3 and ERK1/2 subcellular pathways. However, we noticed a decrease in the rate of produced lactate per consumed glucose as a function of the hormone concentration, suggesting a disruption of the Warburg effect. The latter effect is due to 5-HTR2A/C-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism, which is triggered by adenylyl cyclase/PKA, enhancing the oxidation of lactate within these cells. CONCLUSIONS We showed that serotonin, through 5-HTR2A/C, interferes with breast cancer cells proliferation and metabolism by triggering two distinct signalling pathways: Jak1/STAT3 that boosts glycolysis through upregulation of PKM2, and adenylyl cyclase/PKA that enhances mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Sola-Penna
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Larissa P Paixão
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jessica R Branco
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alan C Ochioni
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jamille M Albanese
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Davi M Mundim
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia P Figueiredo
- Nucleo de Neurociências da Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Wagner S Coelho
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual da Zona Oeste, 23070-200, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariah C Marcondes
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva, 20230-130, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia Zancan
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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160
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Pan L, Hu L, Zhang L, Xu H, Chen Y, Bian Q, Zhu A, Wu H. Deoxyelephantopin decreases the release of inflammatory cytokines in macrophage associated with attenuation of aerobic glycolysis via modulation of PKM2. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 79:106048. [PMID: 31863924 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that activated immune cells undergo metabolic reprogramming in the regulation of the innate inflammatory response. Remarkably, macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induce a switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, and consequently results in release of proinflammatory cytokines. Pyruvate Kinase M2 (PKM2) plays a vital role in the process of macrophage activation, promoting the inflammatory response in sepsis and septic shock. Deoxyelephantopin (DET), a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone from Elephantopus scaber, has been shown to counteracts inflammation during fulminant hepatitis progression, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we studied the function of the DET on macrophage activation and investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of DET associated with interfering with glycolysis in macrophage. Our results first demonstrated that DET attenuates LPS-induced interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release in vitro and in vivo and protected mice against lethal endotoxemia. Furthermore, DET decreased the expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), glucose transporter 1(GLUT1), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and reduced lactate production dose-dependently in macrophages. Moreover, we further revealed that DET attenuates aerobic glycolysis in macrophages associated with regulating the nuclear localization of PKM2. Our results provided a novel mechanism for DET suppression of macrophages activation implicated in anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Pan
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Liangyu Hu
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Lihu Zhang
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Hongtao Xu
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China; Institute of Biomedical Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Qingya Bian
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Anhong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Hanlin College, Taizhou, China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China; Institute of Biomedical Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China.
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161
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Schoonjans CA, Joudiou N, Brusa D, Corbet C, Feron O, Gallez B. Acidosis-induced metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells enhances the anti-proliferative activity of the PDK inhibitor dichloroacetate. Cancer Lett 2019; 470:18-28. [PMID: 31812695 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Altered metabolic pathways in cancer such as exacerbated glycolytic flux and increased glutamine metabolism are promising targets for anti-cancer therapies. While commonly observed in glycolytic tumors, extracellular acidosis has never been considered as a potential modulator of anti-metabolic drug activity such as dichloroacetate (DCA). Using cancer cells from various origins selected for their ability to proliferate under acidic conditions, we found that DCA exerts greater inhibitory effects on the growth of these acid-adapted cells than in parental cells. Moreover, daily DCA administration to mice led to a significant decrease in tumor growth from acid-adapted cells but not from parental cells. 13C-tracer studies revealed that DCA induced a double metabolic shift, diminishing glycolysis and increasing intracellular glutamine in acid-adapted cells. As a consequence, DCA reduced the pentose phosphate pathway activity more extensively and increased apoptosis in acid-adapted cells. Finally, the combination of DCA with a glutaminase inhibitor significantly enhanced the cytotoxic effects of DCA. Overall, the interplay between acidosis and DCA exposure leads to metabolic reprogramming that considerably alters cellular fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Schoonjans
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Brussels, Belgium; Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Belgium
| | - N Joudiou
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies, Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Brusa
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Flow Cytometry Platform, Belgium
| | - C Corbet
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Belgium
| | - O Feron
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Belgium
| | - B Gallez
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Brussels, Belgium.
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162
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Terabe K, Ohashi Y, Tsuchiya S, Ishizuka S, Knudson CB, Knudson W. Chondroprotective effects of 4-methylumbelliferone and hyaluronan synthase-2 overexpression involve changes in chondrocyte energy metabolism. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:17799-17817. [PMID: 31619518 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan is a critical component of articular cartilage and partially helps retain aggrecan within the extracellular matrix of this tissue. During osteoarthritis, hyaluronan and aggrecan loss are an early sign of tissue damage. However, our recent attempts to mimic hyaluronan loss with the hyaluronan inhibitor 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) did not exacerbate arthritis-like features of in vitro models of arthritis, but surprisingly, caused the reverse (i.e. provided potent chondroprotection). Moreover, the protective effects of 4MU did not depend on its role as a hyaluronan inhibitor. To understand the molecular mechanism in 4MU-mediated chondroprotection, we considered recent studies suggesting that shifts in intracellular UDP-hexose pools promote changes in metabolism. To determine whether such metabolic shifts are associated with the mechanism of 4MU-mediated pro-catabolic inhibition, using molecular and metabolomics approaches, we examined whether bovine and human chondrocytes exhibit changes in the contribution of glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration to ATP production rates as well as in other factors that respond to or might drive these changes. Overexpression of either HA synthase-2 or 4MU effectively reduced dependence on glycolysis in chondrocytes, especially enhancing glycolysis use by interleukin-1β (IL1β)-activated chondrocytes. The reduction in glycolysis secondarily enhanced mitochondrial respiration in chondrocytes, which, in turn, rescued phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels in the activated chondrocytes. Other glycolysis inhibitors, unrelated to hyaluronan biosynthesis, namely 2-deoxyglucose and dichloroacetate, caused metabolic changes in chondrocytes equivalent to those elicited by 4MU and similarly protected both chondrocytes and cartilage explants. These results suggest that fluxes in UDP-hexoses alter metabolic energy pathways in cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Terabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Ohashi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834
| | - Saho Tsuchiya
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834
| | - Shinya Ishizuka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Cheryl B Knudson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834
| | - Warren Knudson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834
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163
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Zhu Y, Liu Q, Liao M, Diao L, Wu T, Liao W, Wang Z, Li B, Zhang S, Wang S, Xie W, Jiang Y, Xu N, Zeng Y, Yang BB, Zhang Y. Overexpression of lncRNA EPB41L4A-AS1 Induces Metabolic Reprogramming in Trophoblast Cells and Placenta Tissue of Miscarriage. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 18:518-532. [PMID: 31671345 PMCID: PMC6838551 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to be crucial regulators in numerous human diseases. However, little is known about their effects on early recurrent miscarriage (RM). Here we aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA EPB41L4A-AS1 on placental trophoblast cell metabolic reprogramming, which might be involved in the pathogenesis of RM. After microarray and GEO database analyses, we found that EPB41L4A-AS1 was significantly increased in early RM placental tissue, and this increase may relate to estradiol-mediated upregulation of PGC-1α. EPB41L4A-AS1 overexpression inhibits glycolysis but increases the dependence on fatty acid oxidation in mitochondrion metabolism and suppresses the Warburg effect, which is necessary for rapid growth of the placental villus, leading to miscarriage. Mechanistic analyses demonstrated that EPB41L4A-AS1 functions as a lncRNA in the regulation of VDAC1 and HIF-1α expression through enhancement of H3K4me3 levels in the promoters of VDAC1 and HIF1A-AS1, a natural antisense transcript (NAT) lncRNA of HIF-1α. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that aberrant expression of EPB41L4A-AS1 is involved in the etiology of early RM, and it may be a candidate diagnostic hallmark and a potential therapeutic target for early RM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchang Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China; Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China; Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Meijian Liao
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China; Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Lianghui Diao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology of Preimplantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Tonghua Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology of Preimplantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Weijie Liao
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China; Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China; Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China; Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Shikuan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Songmao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China; Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Xie
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China; Open FIESTA Center, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Yuyang Jiang
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Naihan Xu
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China; Open FIESTA Center, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology of Preimplantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Burton B Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Yaou Zhang
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China; Open FIESTA Center, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China.
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164
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Chen S, Zhang Z, Chen L, Zhang J. miRNA‑101‑3p.1 as an independent diagnostic biomarker aggravates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease via activation of the EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4293-4302. [PMID: 31545413 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring independent biomarkers and delineating pathogenic mechanisms could improve the early diagnosis and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the present study, a study was conducted to determine the diagnostic potential of miRNA‑101‑3p.1 in identifying stable COPD (SCOPD) and acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) patients and to reveal the molecular mechanism by which miRNA‑101‑3p.1 regulates COPD progression. miRNA‑101‑3p.1 profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of COPD patients were evaluated. Subsequently, receiver operating characteristic curves were created to demonstrate the diagnostic accuracy of miRNA‑101‑3p.1 in discriminating SCOPD and AECOPD. Finally, the molecular mechanism by which miRNA‑101‑3p.1 regulates COPD progression was explored. The present study revealed that patients with COPD, and especially patients with AECOPD, had significantly increased levels of miRNA‑101‑3p.1 and the level of miRNA‑101‑3p.1 was closely correlated with CAT score and FEV1% predicted. Notably, miRNA‑101‑3p.1 accurately discriminated SCOPD and AECOPD. Furthermore, increasing miRNA‑101‑3p.1 promoted cell proliferation and induced the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistic investigations revealed that miRNA‑101‑3p.1 inhibited the expression of von Hippel‑Lindau tumor suppressor (pVHL) and ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 D1 (UBE2D1). pVHL and UBE2D1 co‑upregulated HIF‑1α, and HIF‑1α mediated activation of the EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The present results collectively demonstrated that miRNA‑101‑3p.1 could act as an independent biomarker for the diagnosis of SCOPD and AECOPD, and that miRNA‑101‑3p.1 facilitates COPD progression by activating the EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuifang Chen
- Respiratory Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Zeying Zhang
- Respiratory Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Lina Chen
- Respiratory Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jianli Zhang
- Respiratory Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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165
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DiGiacomo JW, Gilkes DM. Tumor Hypoxia As an Enhancer of Inflammation-Mediated Metastasis: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies. Target Oncol 2019; 13:157-173. [PMID: 29423593 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-018-0555-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Recent research has implicated tumor inflammation as a promoter of metastasis. Myeloid, lymphoid, and mesenchymal cells in the tumor microenvironment promote inflammatory signaling amongst each other and together with cancer cells to modulate sustained inflammation, which may enhance cancer invasiveness. Tumor hypoxia, a state of reduced available oxygen present in the majority of solid tumors, acts as a prognostic factor for a worse outcome and is known to have a role in tumor inflammation through the regulation of inflammatory mediator signals in both cancer and neighboring cells in the microenvironment. Multiple methods to target tumor hypoxia have been developed and tested in clinical trials, and still more are emerging as the impacts of hypoxia become better understood. These strategies include mechanistic inhibition of the hypoxia inducible factor signaling pathway and hypoxia activated pro-drugs, leading to both anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects. This prompts a need for further research on the prevention of hypoxia-mediated inflammation in cancer. Hypoxia-targeting strategies seem to have the most potential for therapeutic benefit when combined with traditional chemotherapy agents. This paper will serve to summarize the role of the inflammatory response in metastasis, to discuss how hypoxia can enable or enhance inflammatory signaling, and to review established and emerging strategies to target the hypoxia-inflammation-metastasis axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh W DiGiacomo
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.,Breast & Ovarian Cancer Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Daniele M Gilkes
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA. .,Breast & Ovarian Cancer Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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166
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Nishide S, Matsunaga S, Shiota M, Yamaguchi T, Kitajima S, Maekawa Y, Takeda N, Tomura M, Uchida J, Miura K, Nakatani T, Tomita S. Controlling the Phenotype of Tumor-Infiltrating Macrophages via the PHD-HIF Axis Inhibits Tumor Growth in a Mouse Model. iScience 2019; 19:940-954. [PMID: 31518902 PMCID: PMC6742914 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) polarizes tumor-infiltrating macrophages toward tumor support. Macrophage-abundant tumors are highly malignant and are the cause of poor prognosis and therapeutic resistance. In this study, we show that the prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitor FG-4592 (FG) inhibits tumor growth of macrophage-abundant tumors and prolongs mouse survival. FG not only normalizes tumor vessels and improves tumor oxygenation but also directly affects macrophages and activates phagocytosis through the PHD-hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) axis. Remarkably, FG can promote phagocytic ability of the Ly6Clo subset of tumor-infiltrating macrophages, leading to tumor growth inhibition. Moreover, Ly6Cneg macrophages contributed to blood vessel normalization. Using a malignant tumor mouse model, we characterized macrophage function and subsets. Altogether, our findings suggest that the PHD inhibitor can promote the anti-tumor potential of macrophages to improve cancer therapy. PHD inhibitor treatment inhibits tumor growth and prolongs survival time of mice Regulating the PHD-HIF pathway can alter the tumor-infiltrating macrophage phenotype PHD inhibitor activates the tumor phagocytic ability of Ly6Clo macrophages
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Nishide
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shinji Matsunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shiota
- Division of Research Support Platform, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shojiro Kitajima
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yoichi Maekawa
- Department of Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Domain of Integrated Life Systems, Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Michio Tomura
- Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka 584-8540, Japan
| | - Junji Uchida
- Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- Department of Applied Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nakatani
- Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tomita
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
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167
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Wake M, Takeda N, Isagawa T, Sato T, Nakagama Y, Morioka MS, Hirota Y, Asagiri M, Maemura K, Manabe I, Tanabe K, Komuro I. Cell Cycle Perturbation Induces Collagen Production in Fibroblasts. Int Heart J 2019; 60:958-963. [PMID: 31308330 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.18-710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) occurs when the heart muscle is severely damaged due to a decrease in blood flow from the coronary arteries. During recovery from an MI, cardiac fibroblasts become activated and produce extracellular matrices, contributing to the wound healing process in the damaged heart. Inappropriate activation of the fibroblasts leads to excessive fibrosis in the heart. However, the molecular pathways by which cardiac fibroblasts are activated have not yet been fully elucidated.Here we show that serum deprivation, which recapitulates the cellular microenvironment of the MI area, strikingly induces collagen production in C3H/10T1/2 cells. Based on transcriptomic and pharmacological studies, we found that cell cycle perturbation is directly linked to collagen production in fibroblasts. Importantly, collagen synthesis is increased independently of the transcriptional levels of type I collagen genes. These results reveal a novel mode of fibroblast activation in the ischemic area, which will allow us to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac fibrosis and establish a basis for anti-fibrotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Wake
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.,Department of Cardiology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | | | - Tatsuyuki Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Yu Nakagama
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Masaki Suimye Morioka
- Department of Bioinformatics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Yasushi Hirota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Masataka Asagiri
- Department of Pathobiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Koji Maemura
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki University
| | - Ichiro Manabe
- Department of Disease Biology and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
| | - Kazuaki Tanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
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168
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Saito H, Tanaka T, Sugahara M, Tanaka S, Fukui K, Wakashima T, Nangaku M. Inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) by JTZ-951 reduces obesity-related diseases in the liver, white adipose tissue, and kidney in mice with a high-fat diet. J Transl Med 2019; 99:1217-1232. [PMID: 30952940 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemic of obesity and its complications is rapidly increasing worldwide. Recent drug discoveries established the utility of prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) inhibitors as stabilizers of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) in vivo, which are currently in human clinical studies for the treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD). These studies suggest a role for PHD inhibitors in ameliorating obesity and hyperlipidemia. We hypothesized that HIF activation using a PHD inhibitor, JTZ-951, protects from obesity-related diseases in the white adipose tissue (WAT), liver, and kidney in mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD). Eight-week-old, C57BL/6J mice were fed with HFD for 20 weeks with or without JTZ-951(0.005%; mixed in chow). Body weight and plasma non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the JTZ-951 group as compared with the vehicle group. PHD inhibition improved liver steatosis, macrophage infiltration into WAT and adipocyte fibrosis. In the kidney, PHD inhibition reduced albuminuria. Histologically, the number of F4/80- positive infiltrating macrophages and mesangial expansion were milder in the JTZ-951 group. Relative mRNA expression of adiponectin in WAT was higher in the JTZ-951-treated group and inversely correlated with hepatic steatosis score, adipocyte macrophage aggregation, and albuminuria. Activation of HIF ameliorates multiple obesity-related consequences in mice with HFD. The results of the present study offer the promising view that pharmacological PHD inhibition may be beneficial for the treatment of obesity-related diseases that can be ameliorated by weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisako Saito
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Tanaka
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mai Sugahara
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Fukui
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Biological and Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Wakashima
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Biological and Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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169
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Abe H, Takeda N, Isagawa T, Semba H, Nishimura S, Morioka MS, Nakagama Y, Sato T, Soma K, Koyama K, Wake M, Katoh M, Asagiri M, Neugent ML, Kim JW, Stockmann C, Yonezawa T, Inuzuka R, Hirota Y, Maemura K, Yamashita T, Otsu K, Manabe I, Nagai R, Komuro I. Macrophage hypoxia signaling regulates cardiac fibrosis via Oncostatin M. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2824. [PMID: 31249305 PMCID: PMC6597788 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10859-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The fibrogenic response in tissue-resident fibroblasts is determined by the balance between activation and repression signals from the tissue microenvironment. While the molecular pathways by which transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-β1) activates pro-fibrogenic mechanisms have been extensively studied and are recognized critical during fibrosis development, the factors regulating TGF-β1 signaling are poorly understood. Here we show that macrophage hypoxia signaling suppresses excessive fibrosis in a heart via oncostatin-m (OSM) secretion. During cardiac remodeling, Ly6Chi monocytes/macrophages accumulate in hypoxic areas through a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α dependent manner and suppresses cardiac fibroblast activation. As an underlying molecular mechanism, we identify OSM, part of the interleukin 6 cytokine family, as a HIF-1α target gene, which directly inhibits the TGF-β1 mediated activation of cardiac fibroblasts through extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-dependent phosphorylation of the SMAD linker region. These results demonstrate that macrophage hypoxia signaling regulates fibroblast activation through OSM secretion in vivo. Fibrosis is a hallmark of several cardiac pathologies and its underlying mechanisms are still poorly defined. Here the authors show that macrophage hypoxia signaling following transverse aortic constriction in mice suppresses the activation of cardiac fibroblasts by secreting oncostatin M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Abe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. .,PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Isagawa
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Semba
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cardiovascular Institute, 3-2-19 Nishiazabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 106-00031, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishimura
- PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Masaki Suimye Morioka
- Depertment of Bioinformatics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyoku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yu Nakagama
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Katsura Soma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masaki Wake
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Manami Katoh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masataka Asagiri
- Department of Pathobiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Michael L Neugent
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800W. Campbell Road FO 3.704G, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Jung-Whan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800W. Campbell Road FO 3.704G, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Christian Stockmann
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, CH-8057, Switzerland.,Cancer Research Center Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tomo Yonezawa
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Gene Research Center, Center for Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-14 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Ryo Inuzuka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hirota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Koji Maemura
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamashita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cardiovascular Institute, 3-2-19 Nishiazabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 106-00031, Japan
| | - Kinya Otsu
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Ichiro Manabe
- Department of Disease Biology and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Ryozo Nagai
- Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi-ken, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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170
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Phenotypic selection with an intrabody library reveals an anti-apoptotic function of PKM2 requiring Mitofusin-1. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e2004413. [PMID: 31181072 PMCID: PMC6586363 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2004413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bcl-2 family proteins control a decisive apoptotic event: mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). To discover MOMP-regulating proteins, we expressed a library of intracellular single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) (“intrabodies”) and selected for those rescuing cells from apoptosis induced by BimS (the short isoform of Bim). One anti-apoptotic intrabody, intrabody 5 (IB5), recognized pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), which is expressed in cancer cells. PKM2 deletion ablated this clonogenic rescue; thus, IB5 activated a latent cytoprotective function of PKM2. This resulted not from pyruvate kinase activity per se but rather from the formation of an active tetrameric conformation of PKM2. A stably tetrameric PKM2 mutant, K422R, promoted cell survival even in the absence of IB5, and IB5 further increased survival. Mitochondria isolated from IB5-expressing cells were relatively resistant to MOMP in vitro. In cells, IB5 expression up-regulated Mitofusin-1 (Mfn1) and increased mitochondrial length. Importantly, Mfn1 deficiency abrogated IB5’s cytoprotective effect. PKM2’s anti-apoptotic function could help explain its preferential expression in human cancer. Proteins belonging to the Bcl-2 family regulate a common form of cell death known as apoptosis. Typically, these proteins function in apoptosis by controlling the formation of large pores in the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM). While many proteins that regulate apoptosis have been identified over the years, some may still be unknown. Here, we used an unbiased approach in which we first expressed in cultured tumor cells a library of intracellular single-chain antibodies termed “intrabodies.” We then selected for intrabodies that allowed cells to evade apoptosis. We identified pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2), a major glycolytic enzyme that has been linked to cancer development, as the specific target of one such anti-apoptotic intrabody. We showed that the PKM2-specific intrabody promoted cell survival not by neutralizing its target but rather by activating an anti-apoptotic function of PKM2. While this cell survival function of PKM2 was not related to changes in the levels of Bcl-2 family proteins or to effects on the enzymatic activity of PKM2, we found that cell survival requires the increased expression of a MOM protein, Mitofusin-1 (Mfn1), known to regulate mitochondrial fusion. We conclude that this cell survival function of PKM2 could contribute to a role in cancer progression for this protein.
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171
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Mantuano NR, Oliveira-Nunes MC, Alisson-Silva F, Dias WB, Todeschini AR. Emerging role of glycosylation in the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. Pharmacol Res 2019; 146:104285. [PMID: 31132403 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tumors are formed by several cell types interacting in a complex environment of soluble and matrix molecules. The crosstalk between the cells and extracellular components control tumor fate. Macrophages are highly plastic and diverse immune cells that are known to be key regulators of this complex network, which is mostly because they can adjust their metabolism and reprogram their phenotype and effector function. Here, we review the studies that disclose the central role of metabolism and tumor microenvironment in shaping the phenotype and function of macrophages, highlighting the importance of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. We further discuss growing evidence of nutrient-sensitive protein modifications such as O-GlcNAcylation and extracellular glycosylation in the function and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rodrigues Mantuano
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bloco D sala 03 CCS, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Maria Cecilia Oliveira-Nunes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bloco D sala 03 CCS, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Frederico Alisson-Silva
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bloco D sala 03 CCS, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Wagner Barbosa Dias
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bloco D sala 03 CCS, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Adriane Regina Todeschini
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bloco D sala 03 CCS, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
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172
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Kaushik DK, Bhattacharya A, Mirzaei R, Rawji KS, Ahn Y, Rho JM, Yong VW. Enhanced glycolytic metabolism supports transmigration of brain-infiltrating macrophages in multiple sclerosis. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:3277-3292. [PMID: 31112527 DOI: 10.1172/jci124012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The migration of leukocytes into the CNS drives the neuropathology of multiple sclerosis (MS). This penetration likely utilizes energy resources that remain to be defined. Using the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS, we determined that macrophages within the perivascular cuff of post-capillary venules are highly glycolytic as manifested by strong expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) that converts pyruvate to lactate. These macrophages expressed prominent levels of monocarboxylate transporter-4 (MCT-4) specialized in secreting lactate from glycolytic cells. The functional relevance of glycolysis was confirmed by siRNA-mediated knockdown of LDHA and MCT-4, which decreased lactate secretion and macrophage transmigration. MCT-4 was in turn regulated by EMMPRIN (CD147) as determined through co-expression/co-immunoprecipitation studies, and siRNA-mediated EMMPRIN silencing. The functional relevance of MCT-4/EMMPRIN interaction was affirmed by lower macrophage transmigration in culture using the MCT-4 inhibitor, α-cyano-4-hydroxy-cinnamic acid (CHCA), a cinnamon derivative. CHCA also reduced leukocyte infiltration and the clinical severity of EAE. Relevance to MS was corroborated by the strong expression of MCT-4, EMMPRIN and LDHA in perivascular macrophages in MS brains. These results detail the metabolism of macrophages for transmigration from perivascular cuffs into the CNS parenchyma and identifies CHCA and diet as potential modulators of neuro-inflammation in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reza Mirzaei
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences
| | - Khalil S Rawji
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences
| | - Younghee Ahn
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute.,Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Jong M Rho
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute.,Department of Pediatrics, and.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - V Wee Yong
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences
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173
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Inflammation research sails through the sea of immunology to reach immunometabolism. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:128-145. [PMID: 31096130 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation occurs as a result of acute trauma, invasion of the host by different pathogens, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or chronic cellular stress generating damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Thus inflammation may occur under both sterile inflammatory conditions including certain cancers, autoimmune or autoinflammatory diseases (Rheumatic arthritis (RA)) and infectious diseases including sepsis, pneumonia-associated acute lung inflammation (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The pathogenesis of inflammation involves dysregulation of an otherwise protective immune response comprising of various innate and adaptive immune cells and humoral (cytokines and chemokines) mediators secreted by these immune cells upon the activation of signaling mechanisms regulated by the activation of different pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). However, the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory action of these immune cells is determined by the metabolic stage of the immune cells. The metabolic process of immune cells is called immunometabolism and its shift determined by inflammatory stimuli is called immunometabolic reprogramming. The article focuses on the involvement of various immune cells generating the inflammation, their interaction, immunometabolic reprogramming, and the therapeutic targeting of the immunometabolism to manage inflammation.
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174
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De Santa F, Vitiello L, Torcinaro A, Ferraro E. The Role of Metabolic Remodeling in Macrophage Polarization and Its Effect on Skeletal Muscle Regeneration. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1553-1598. [PMID: 30070144 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Macrophages are crucial for tissue homeostasis. Based on their activation, they might display classical/M1 or alternative/M2 phenotypes. M1 macrophages produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nitric oxide (NO). M2 macrophages upregulate arginase-1 and reduce NO and ROS levels; they also release anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and polyamines, thus promoting angiogenesis and tissue healing. Moreover, M1 and M2 display key metabolic differences; M1 polarization is characterized by an enhancement in glycolysis and in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) along with a decreased oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos), whereas M2 are characterized by an efficient OxPhos and reduced PPP. Recent Advances: The glutamine-related metabolism has been discovered as crucial for M2 polarization. Vice versa, flux discontinuities in the Krebs cycle are considered additional M1 features; they lead to increased levels of immunoresponsive gene 1 and itaconic acid, to isocitrate dehydrogenase 1-downregulation and to succinate, citrate, and isocitrate over-expression. Critical Issues: A macrophage classification problem, particularly in vivo, originating from a gap in the knowledge of the several intermediate polarization statuses between the M1 and M2 extremes, characterizes this field. Moreover, the detailed features of metabolic reprogramming crucial for macrophage polarization are largely unknown; in particular, the role of β-oxidation is highly controversial. Future Directions: Manipulating the metabolism to redirect macrophage polarization might be useful in various pathologies, including an efficient skeletal muscle regeneration. Unraveling the complexity pertaining to metabolic signatures that are specific for the different macrophage subsets is crucial for identifying new compounds that are able to trigger macrophage polarization and that might be used for therapeutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca De Santa
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Vitiello
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Cachexia and Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Torcinaro
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ferraro
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Cachexia and Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
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175
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Hori S, Hiramuki Y, Nishimura D, Sato F, Sehara-Fujisawa A. PDH‐mediated metabolic flow is critical for skeletal muscle stem cell differentiation and myotube formation during regeneration in mice. FASEB J 2019; 33:8094-8109. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802479r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei Hori
- Department of Growth RegulationInstitute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Yosuke Hiramuki
- Department of Growth RegulationInstitute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
- Human Biology DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle Washington USA
| | - Daigo Nishimura
- Department of Growth RegulationInstitute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Fuminori Sato
- Department of Growth RegulationInstitute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Atsuko Sehara-Fujisawa
- Department of Growth RegulationInstitute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
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176
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Minatsuki S, Takeda N, Soma K, Katoh M, Maki H, Hatano M, Takimoto E, Manabe I, Komuro I. Murine Model of Pulmonary Artery Overflow Vasculopathy Revealed Macrophage Accumulation in the Lung. Int Heart J 2019; 60:451-456. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.18-281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Minatsuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Katsura Soma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Manami Katoh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hisataka Maki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Masaru Hatano
- Department of Therapeutic Strategy for Heart Failure, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Eiki Takimoto
- Department of Advanced Translational Research and Medicine in Management of Pulmonary Hypertension, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Ichiro Manabe
- Department of Disease Biology and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
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177
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Ren W, Xia Y, Chen S, Wu G, Bazer FW, Zhou B, Tan B, Zhu G, Deng J, Yin Y. Glutamine Metabolism in Macrophages: A Novel Target for Obesity/Type 2 Diabetes. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:321-330. [PMID: 30753258 PMCID: PMC6416106 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a nutritional disorder resulting from a chronic imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. This disease is characterized by inflammation in multiple cell types, including macrophages. M1 macrophage responses are correlated with the progression of obesity or diabetes; therefore, strategies that induce repolarization of macrophages from an M1 to an M2 phenotype may be promising for the prevention of obesity- or diabetes-associated pathology. Glutamine (the most abundant amino acid in the plasma of humans and many other mammals including rats) is effective in inducing polarization of M2 macrophages through the glutamine-UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pathway and α-ketoglutarate produced via glutaminolysis, whereas succinate synthesized via glutamine-dependent anerplerosis or the γ-aminobutyric acid shunt promotes polarization of M1 macrophages. Interestingly, patients with obesity or diabetes show altered glutamine metabolism, including decreases in glutamine and α-ketoglutarate concentrations in serum but increases in succinate concentrations. Thus, manipulation of macrophage polarization through glutamine metabolism may provide a potential target for prevention of obesity- or diabetes-associated pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Ren
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yaoyao Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Beiyan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT
| | - Bie Tan
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinping Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Academics Working Station at The First Affiliated Hospital, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
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178
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Lefere S, Tacke F. Macrophages in obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Crosstalk with metabolism. JHEP Rep 2019; 1:30-43. [PMID: 32149275 PMCID: PMC7052781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent liver disease worldwide, and a major cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is intimately linked with other metabolic disorders characterized by insulin resistance. Metabolic diseases are driven by chronic inflammatory processes, in which macrophages perform essential roles. The polarization status of macrophages is itself influenced by metabolic stimuli such as fatty acids, which in turn affect the progression of metabolic dysfunction at multiple disease stages and in various tissues. For instance, adipose tissue macrophages respond to obesity, adipocyte stress and dietary factors by a specific metabolic and inflammatory programme that stimulates disease progression locally and in the liver. Kupffer cells and monocyte-derived macrophages represent ontologically distinct hepatic macrophage populations that perform a range of metabolic functions. These macrophages integrate signals from the gut-liver axis (related to dysbiosis, reduced intestinal barrier integrity, endotoxemia), from overnutrition, from systemic low-grade inflammation and from the local environment of a steatotic liver. This makes them central players in the progression of NAFLD to steatohepatitis (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis or NASH) and fibrosis. Moreover, the particular involvement of Kupffer cells in lipid metabolism, as well as the inflammatory activation of hepatic macrophages, may pathogenically link NAFLD/NASH and cardiovascular disease. In this review, we highlight the polarization, classification and function of macrophage subsets and their interaction with metabolic cues in the pathophysiology of obesity and NAFLD. Evidence from animal and clinical studies suggests that macrophage targeting may improve the course of NAFLD and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Lefere
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hepatology Research Unit, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Hepatology/Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Corresponding author. Address: Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
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179
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Park S, Kang HJ, Jeon JH, Kim MJ, Lee IK. Recent advances in the pathogenesis of microvascular complications in diabetes. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:252-262. [PMID: 30771210 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01130-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Millions of people worldwide have diabetes, which is diagnosed by fasting blood glucose levels exceeding 126 mg/dL. Regardless of the type of diabetes, prolonged hyperglycemia is damaging to several organs including eyes, kidneys, nerve, and/or heart. The damages are associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Diabetes has been implicated in ischemia in the microvasculature of the target tissues, which occurs due to the insufficient perfusion of tissues. The resulting occlusion and pain affect the quality of life. Multiple therapeutic approaches have been proposed for a long time to overcome these vascular complications. Apart from systemically controlling high glucose levels, other therapeutic strategies are not well understood. In this review, we summarize the recent literature for biochemical/cellular targets that are being utilized for the treatment of diabetic microvascular diseases. These targets, which are closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, include the polyol and diacylglycerol-protein kinase C pathways, oxidative stress, non-enzymatic glycation and the formation of advanced glycation end products, and immune dysregulation/inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmi Park
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Hyeon-Ji Kang
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
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180
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Increased Cytotoxicity of Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase Expression in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040810. [PMID: 30769780 PMCID: PMC6413063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold enormous promise for regenerative medicine. The major safety concern is the tumorigenicity of transplanted cells derived from iPSCs. A potential solution would be to introduce a suicide gene into iPSCs as a safety switch. The herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene, in combination with ganciclovir, is the most widely used enzyme/prodrug suicide system from basic research to clinical applications. In the present study, we attempted to establish human iPSCs that stably expressed HSV-TK with either lentiviral vectors or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. However, this task was difficult to achieve, because high-level and/or constitutive expression of HSV-TK resulted in the induction of cell death or silencing of HSV-TK expression. A nucleotide metabolism analysis suggested that excessive accumulation of thymidine triphosphate, caused by HSV-TK expression, resulted in an imbalance in the dNTP pools. This unbalanced state led to DNA synthesis inhibition and cell death in a process similar to a “thymidine block”, but more severe. We also demonstrated that the Tet-inducible system was a feasible solution for overcoming the cytotoxicity of HSV-TK expression. Our results provided a warning against using the HSV-TK gene in human iPSCs, particularly in clinical applications.
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181
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a common and serious complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). One of the fundamental functions of the cardiovascular system is oxygen delivery, therefore cardiovascular disease inherently is linked to insufficient tissue oxygenation. Advances in our knowledge of cellular oxygen sensing by a family of prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) and their role in regulating hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) have led to the discovery of PHD inhibitors as HIF stabilizers. Several small-molecule PHD inhibitors are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of anemia in CKD. An additional advantage of PHD inhibition may be found in the potential impact on cardiovascular consequences associated with CKD. Several preclinical studies have suggested a potential benefit of HIF activation in myocardial infarction, cardiac remodeling, atherosclerosis, and peripheral artery disease. Ameliorating glucose and lipid metabolism and lowering blood pressure may also contribute to cardiovascular protection. On the other hand, the broad spectrum of HIF-dependent functions also may include unwanted side effects. Clinical application of PHD inhibitors therefore necessitates careful evaluation of the net systemic effect of HIF activation.
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182
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Specific sequences of infectious challenge lead to secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-like disease in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:2200-2209. [PMID: 30674681 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820704116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) is a highly mortal complication associated with sepsis. In adults, it is often seen in the setting of infections, especially viral infections, but the mechanisms that underlie pathogenesis are unknown. sHLH is characterized by a hyperinflammatory state and the presence hemophagocytosis. We found that sequential challenging of mice with a nonlethal dose of viral toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist followed by a nonlethal dose of TLR4 agonist, but not other permutations, produced a highly lethal state that recapitulates many aspects of human HLH. We found that this hyperinflammatory response could be recapitulated in vitro in bone marrow-derived macrophages. RNA sequencing analyses revealed dramatic up-regulation of the red-pulp macrophage lineage-defining transcription factor SpiC and its associated transcriptional program, which was also present in bone marrow macrophages sorted from patients with sHLH. Transcriptional profiling also revealed a unique metabolic transcriptional profile in these macrophages, and immunometabolic phenotyping revealed impaired mitochondrial function and oxidative metabolism and a reliance on glycolytic metabolism. Subsequently, we show that therapeutic administration of the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose was sufficient to rescue animals from HLH. Together, these data identify a potential mechanism for the pathogenesis of sHLH and a potentially useful therapeutic strategy for its treatment.
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183
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Papa S, Choy PM, Bubici C. The ERK and JNK pathways in the regulation of metabolic reprogramming. Oncogene 2018; 38:2223-2240. [PMID: 30487597 PMCID: PMC6398583 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Most tumor cells reprogram their glucose metabolism as a result of mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressors, leading to the constitutive activation of signaling pathways involved in cell growth. This metabolic reprogramming, known as aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect, allows tumor cells to sustain their fast proliferation and evade apoptosis. Interfering with oncogenic signaling pathways that regulate the Warburg effect in cancer cells has therefore become an attractive anticancer strategy. However, evidence for the occurrence of the Warburg effect in physiological processes has also been documented. As such, close consideration of which signaling pathways are beneficial targets and the effect of their inhibition on physiological processes are essential. The MAPK/ERK and MAPK/JNK pathways, crucial for normal cellular responses to extracellular stimuli, have recently emerged as key regulators of the Warburg effect during tumorigenesis and normal cellular functions. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the roles of the ERK and JNK pathways in controlling the Warburg effect in cancer and discuss their implication in controlling this metabolic reprogramming in physiological processes and opportunities for targeting their downstream effectors for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Papa
- Cell Signaling and Cancer Laboratory, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, St James' University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK.
| | - Pui Man Choy
- Cell Signaling and Cancer Laboratory, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, St James' University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK.,Department of Research & Development, hVIVO PLC, Biopark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, UK
| | - Concetta Bubici
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Division of Biosciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK. .,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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184
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Wang X, Ping FF, Bakht S, Ling J, Hassan W. Immunometabolism features of metabolic deregulation and cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:694-701. [PMID: 30450768 PMCID: PMC6349168 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism is a branch dealing at the interface of immune functionalities and metabolic regulations. Considered as a bidirectional trafficking, metabolic contents and their precursors bring a considerable change in immune cells signal transductions which as a result affect the metabolic organs and states as an implication. Lipid metabolic ingredients form a major chunk of daily diet and have a proven contribution in immune cells induction, which then undergo metabolic pathway shuffling inside their ownself. Lipid metabolic states activate relevant metabolic pathways inside immune cells that in turn prime appropriate responses to outside environment in various states including lipid metabolic disorders itself and cancers as an extension. Although data on Immunometabolism are still growing, but scientific community need to adjust and readjust according to recent data on given subject. This review attempts to provide current important data on Immunometabolism and consequently its metabolic ramifications. Incumbent data on various lipid metabolic deregulations like obesity, metabolic syndrome, obese asthma and atherosclerosis are analysed. Further, metabolic repercussions on cancers and its immune modalities are also analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Feng-Feng Ping
- Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Sahar Bakht
- Faculty of Pharmacy and alternative medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Waseem Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
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185
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Watts ER, Walmsley SR. Inflammation and Hypoxia: HIF and PHD Isoform Selectivity. Trends Mol Med 2018; 25:33-46. [PMID: 30442494 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cells sense and respond to hypoxia through the activity of the transcription factor HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor) and its regulatory hydroxylases, the prolyl hydroxylase domain enzymes (PHDs). Multiple isoforms of HIFs and PHDs exist, and isoform-selective roles have been identified in the context of the inflammatory environment, which is itself frequently hypoxic. Recent advances in the field have highlighted the complexity of this system, particularly with regards to the cell and context-specific activity of HIFs and PHDs. Because novel therapeutic agents which regulate this pathway are nearing the clinic, understanding the role of HIFs and PHDs in inflammation outcomes is an essential step in avoiding off-target effects and, crucially, in developing new anti-inflammatory strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Watts
- The University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Sarah R Walmsley
- The University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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186
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Golias T, Kery M, Radenkovic S, Papandreou I. Microenvironmental control of glucose metabolism in tumors by regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:674-686. [PMID: 30121950 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During malignant progression cancer cells undergo a series of changes, which promote their survival, invasiveness and metastatic process. One of them is a change in glucose metabolism. Unlike normal cells, which mostly rely on the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), many cancer types rely on glycolysis. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is the gatekeeper enzyme between these two pathways and is responsible for converting pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, which can then be processed further in the TCA cycle. Its activity is regulated by PDP (pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatases) and PDHK (pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases). Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase exists in 4 tissue specific isoforms (PDHK1-4), the activities of which are regulated by different factors, including hormones, hypoxia and nutrients. PDHK1 and PDHK3 are active in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and inhibit PDC, resulting in a decrease of mitochondrial function and activation of the glycolytic pathway. High PDHK1/3 expression is associated with worse prognosis in patients, which makes them a promising target for cancer therapy. However, a better understanding of PDC's enzymatic regulation in vivo and of the mechanisms of PDHK-mediated malignant progression is necessary for the design of better PDHK inhibitors and the selection of patients most likely to benefit from such inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Golias
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Kery
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Silvia Radenkovic
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ioanna Papandreou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
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187
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Wang Y, He Y, Bai H, Dang Y, Gao J, Lv P. Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1-associated glycolysis is regulated by miR-409-3p in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:126-134. [PMID: 30218446 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most popular kidney cancer in adults. Metabolic shift toward aerobic glycolysis is a fundamental factor for ccRCC therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are thought to be important regulators in ccRCC development and progression. Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) is required for metabolic activation; however, the role of PDK1-induced glycolytic metabolism regulated by miRNAs is unclear in ccRCC. So, the purpose of the current study is to elucidate the underlying mechanism in ccRCC cell metabolism mediated by PDK1. Our results revealed that miR-409-3p inhibited glycolysis by regulating PDK1 expression in ccRCC cells. We also found that miR-409-3p was regulated by hypoxia. Our results indicated that PDK1 facilitated ccRCC cell glycolysis, regulated by miR-409-3p in hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Wang
- Cardiovascular Department, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanfa He
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongzhong Bai
- Department of Imaging, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Dang
- Cardiovascular Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiangyan Gao
- Cardiovascular Department, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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188
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Yadav M, Chatterjee P, Tolani S, Kulkarni J, Mulye M, Chauhan N, Sakhi A, Gorey S. A Nexus model of cellular transition in cancer. Biol Res 2018; 51:23. [PMID: 30086794 PMCID: PMC6080350 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-018-0173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The exact cause of cancer is one of the most immutable medical questions of the century. Cancer as an evolutionary disease must have a purpose and understanding the purpose is more important than decoding the cause. The model of cancer proposed herein, provides a link between the cellular biochemistry and cellular genetics of cancer evolution. We thus call this model as the “Nexus model” of cancer. The Nexus model is an effort to identify the most apparent route to the disease. We have tried to utilize existing cancer literature to identify the most plausible causes of cellular transition in cancer, where the primary cancer-causing agents (physical, chemical or biological) act as inducing factors to produce cellular impeders. These cellular impeders are further linked to the Nexus. The Nexus then generates codes for epigenetics and genetics in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Softvision College and Research Institute, Vijaynagar, Indore, MP, 452010, India.
| | - Payal Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Softvision College and Research Institute, Vijaynagar, Indore, MP, 452010, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Simran Tolani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Softvision College and Research Institute, Vijaynagar, Indore, MP, 452010, India
| | - Jaya Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Softvision College and Research Institute, Vijaynagar, Indore, MP, 452010, India
| | - Meenakshi Mulye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Softvision College and Research Institute, Vijaynagar, Indore, MP, 452010, India
| | - Namrata Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Softvision College and Research Institute, Vijaynagar, Indore, MP, 452010, India
| | - Aditi Sakhi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Softvision College and Research Institute, Vijaynagar, Indore, MP, 452010, India
| | - Sakshi Gorey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Softvision College and Research Institute, Vijaynagar, Indore, MP, 452010, India
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189
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Marelli-Berg FM, Jangani M. Metabolic regulation of leukocyte motility and migration. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:285-293. [PMID: 29451682 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1mr1117-472r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic reorganization of the cytoskeleton is essential for numerous cellular processes including leukocyte migration. This process presents a substantial bioenergetic challenge to migrating cells as actin polymerization is dependent on ATP hydrolysis. Hence, migrating cells must increase ATP production to meet the increased metabolic demands of cytoskeletal reorganization. Despite this long-standing evidence, the metabolic regulation of leukocyte motility and trafficking has only recently begun to be investigated. In this review, we will summarize current knowledge of the crosstalk between cell metabolism and the cytoskeleton in leukocytes, and discuss the concept that leukocyte metabolism may reprogram in response to migratory stimuli and the different environmental cues received during recirculation ultimately regulating leukocyte motility and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Jangani
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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190
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Nadjar A. Role of metabolic programming in the modulation of microglia phagocytosis by lipids. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 135:63-73. [PMID: 30103935 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microglia phagocytosis is an essential process to maintain lifelong brain homeostasis and clear potential toxic factors from the neuropil. Microglia can engulf cells or part of cells through the expression of specific receptors at their surface and activation of downstream signaling pathways to engulf material. Microglia phagocytosis is finely regulated and is under the dependence of many factors, including environmental cues such as dietary lipids. Yet, the molecular mechanisms implicated are still largely unknown. The present publication is a 'hypothesis review', assessing the possibility that lipid-mediated modulation of phagocytosis occurs by affecting bioenergetic pathways within microglia. I assess our present knowledge and the elements that allow drawing such hypothesis. I also list some of the important gaps in the literature that need to be filled in. I also consider opportunities for future therapeutic target including nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nadjar
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France; University Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France.
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191
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Pak HK, Nam B, Lee YK, Kim YW, Roh J, Son J, Chung YS, Choe J, Park CS. Human Plasmablast Migration Toward CXCL12 Requires Glucose Oxidation by Enhanced Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Activity via AKT. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1742. [PMID: 30100910 PMCID: PMC6072847 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Migration of human plasmablast to the bone marrow is essential for the final differentiation of plasma cells and maintenance of effective humoral immunity. This migration is controlled by CXCL12/CXCR4-mediated activation of the protein kinase AKT. Herein, we show that the CXCL12-induced migration of human plasmablasts is dependent on glucose oxidation. Glucose depletion markedly inhibited plasmablast migration by 67%, and the glucose analog 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) reduced the migration by 53%; conversely, glutamine depletion did not reduce the migration. CXCL12 boosted the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and 2-DG treatment significantly reduced the levels of all measured tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates. AKT inhibitors blocked the CXCL12-mediated increase of OCR. CXCL12 enhanced the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity by 13.5-fold in an AKT-dependent manner to promote mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. The knockdown and inhibition of PDH confirmed its indispensable role in CXCL12-induced migration. Cellular ATP levels fell by 91% upon exposure to 2-DG, and the mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitor oligomycin inhibited CXCL12-induced migration by 85%. Low ATP levels inhibited the CXCL12-induced activation of AKT and phosphorylation of myosin light chains by 42%, which are required for cell migration. Thus, we have identified a mechanism that controls glucose oxidation via AKT signaling and PDH activation, which supports the migration of plasmablasts. This mechanism can provide insights into the proper development of long-lived plasma cells and is, therefore, essential for optimal humoral immunity. To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate metabolic mechanisms underlying human plasmablast migration toward CXCL12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Kyung Pak
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bora Nam
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Kyoung Lee
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Woo Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Roh
- Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jaekyoung Son
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Sam Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jongseon Choe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Chan-Sik Park
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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192
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Zygmunt BM, Węgrzyn A, Gajska W, Yevsa T, Chodaczek G, Guzmán CA. Mannose Metabolism Is Essential for Th1 Cell Differentiation and IFN-γ Production. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:1400-1411. [PMID: 30030325 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucose-derived mannose is a common component of glycoproteins, and its deficiency leads to a severe defect in protein glycosylation and failure in basic cell functions. In this work, we show that mannose metabolism is essential for IFN-γ production by mouse Th1 cells. In addition, we demonstrate that the susceptibility of Th1 cells to glycolysis restriction depends on the activation conditions and that under diminished glycolytic flux, mannose availability becomes the limiting factor for IFN-γ expression. This study unravels a new role for glucose metabolism in the differentiation process of Th1 cells, providing a mechanistic explanation for the importance of glycolysis in immune cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata M Zygmunt
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; .,Wroclaw Research Center EIT+, 54-066 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Weronika Gajska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Technology, 50-377 Wroclaw, Poland; and
| | - Tetyana Yevsa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Carlos A Guzmán
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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193
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Ratter JM, Tack CJ, Netea MG, Stienstra R. Environmental Signals Influencing Myeloid Cell Metabolism and Function in Diabetes. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2018; 29:468-480. [PMID: 29789206 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The environment induces metabolic reprogramming of immune cells via specific signaling pathways. Recent studies have revealed that changes in cell metabolism affect key immune cell functions including cytokine production and migration. In diabetes, these functions are either insufficiently or excessively activated, translating into diabetes-associated complications, including increased susceptibility to infection and accelerated cardiovascular disease. Diabetes alters the abundance of environmental signals, including glucose, insulin, and lipids. Subsequently, changes in environmental signals drive metabolic reprogramming, impair immune cell function, and ultimately contribute to diabetes-associated complications. We review here recent studies on changes in innate immune cell metabolism, especially in myeloid cells, that are driven by environmental signals relevant to diabetes, and discuss therapeutic perspectives of targeting metabolism of immune cells in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Ratter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cees J Tack
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department for Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rinke Stienstra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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194
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Williams AL, Khadka V, Tang M, Avelar A, Schunke KJ, Menor M, Shohet RV. HIF1 mediates a switch in pyruvate kinase isoforms after myocardial infarction. Physiol Genomics 2018; 50:479-494. [PMID: 29652636 PMCID: PMC6087881 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00130.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing of RNA is an underexplored area of transcriptional response. We expect that early changes in alternatively spliced genes may be important for responses to cardiac injury. Hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1) is a key transcription factor that rapidly responds to loss of oxygen through alteration of metabolism and angiogenesis. The goal of this study was to investigate the transcriptional response after myocardial infarction (MI) and to identify novel, hypoxia-driven changes, including alternative splicing. After ligation of the left anterior descending artery in mice, we observed an abrupt loss of cardiac contractility and upregulation of hypoxic signaling. We then performed RNA sequencing on ischemic heart tissue 1 and 3 days after infarct to assess early transcriptional changes and identified 89 transcripts with altered splicing. Of particular interest was the switch in Pkm isoform expression (pyruvate kinase, muscle). The usually predominant Pkm1 isoform was less abundant in ischemic hearts, while Pkm2 and associated splicing factors (hnRNPA1, hnRNPA2B1, Ptbp1) rapidly increased. Despite increased Pkm2 expression, total pyruvate kinase activity remained reduced in ischemic myocardial tissue. We also demonstrated HIF1 binding to PKM by chromatin immunoprecipitation, indicating a direct role for HIF1 in mediating this isoform switch. Our study provides a new, detailed characterization of the early transcriptome after MI. From this analysis, we identified an HIF1-mediated alternative splicing event in the PKM gene. Pkm1 and Pkm2 play distinct roles in glycolytic metabolism and the upregulation of Pkm2 is likely to have important consequences for ATP synthesis in infarcted cardiac muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Lesher Williams
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii , Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Vedbar Khadka
- Bioinformatics Core, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii , Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Mingxin Tang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii , Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Abigail Avelar
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii , Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Kathryn J Schunke
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii , Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Mark Menor
- Bioinformatics Core, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii , Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Ralph V Shohet
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii , Honolulu, Hawaii
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195
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Matsumoto L, Hirota Y, Saito-Fujita T, Takeda N, Tanaka T, Hiraoka T, Akaeda S, Fujita H, Shimizu-Hirota R, Igaue S, Matsuo M, Haraguchi H, Saito-Kanatani M, Fujii T, Osuga Y. HIF2α in the uterine stroma permits embryo invasion and luminal epithelium detachment. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:3186-3197. [PMID: 29911998 DOI: 10.1172/jci98931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it has been reported that hypoxia inducible factor 2 α (Hif2a), a major transcriptional factor inducible by low oxygen tension, is expressed in the mouse uterus during embryo implantation, its role in pregnancy outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify functions of uterine HIF using transgenic mouse models. Mice with deletion of Hif2a in the whole uterus (Hif2a-uKO mice) showed infertility due to implantation failure. Supplementation with progesterone (P4) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) restored decidual growth arrest and aberrant position of implantation sites in Hif2a-uKO mice, respectively, but did not rescue pregnancy failure. Histological analyses in Hif2a-uKO mice revealed persistence of the intact luminal epithelium, which blocked direct contact between stroma and embryo, inactivation of PI3K-AKT pathway (embryonic survival signal), and failed embryo invasion. Mice with stromal deletion of Hif2a (Hif2a-sKO mice) showed infertility with impaired embryo invasion and those with epithelial deletion of Hif2a (Hif2a-eKO mice) showed normal fertility, suggesting the importance of stromal HIF2α in embryo invasion. This was reflected in reduced expression of membrane type 2 metalloproteinase (MT2-MMP), lysyl oxidase (LOX), VEGF, and adrenomedullin (ADM) in Hif2a-uKO stroma at the attachment site, suggesting that stromal HIF2α regulates these mediators to support blastocyst invasion. These findings provide new insight that stromal HIF2α allows trophoblast invasion through detachment of the luminal epithelium and activation of an embryonic survival signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leona Matsumoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hirota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Precursory Research for Innovative Medical Care (PRIME), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Saito-Fujita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Hiraoka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Akaeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Fujita
- Department of Future Medical Science, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoko Shimizu-Hirota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shota Igaue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Matsuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Haraguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayuko Saito-Kanatani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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196
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Sumi C, Okamoto A, Tanaka H, Kusunoki M, Shoji T, Uba T, Adachi T, Iwai T, Nishi K, Harada H, Bono H, Matsuo Y, Hirota K. Suppression of mitochondrial oxygen metabolism mediated by the transcription factor HIF-1 alleviates propofol-induced cell toxicity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8987. [PMID: 29895831 PMCID: PMC5997661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A line of studies strongly suggest that the intravenous anesthetic, propofol, suppresses mitochondrial oxygen metabolism. It is also indicated that propofol induces the cell death in a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent manner. Because hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor which is involved in cellular metabolic reprogramming by modulating gene expressions of enzymes including glycolysis pathway and oxygen utilization of mitochondria, we examined the functional role of HIF-1 activity in propofol-induced cell death. The role of HIF-1 activity on oxygen and energy metabolisms and propofol-induced cell death and caspase activity was examined in renal cell-derived RCC4 cells: RCC4-EV cells which lack von Hippel-Lindau protein (VHL) protein expression and RCC4-VHL cells, which express exogenous VHL, and in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. It was demonstrated that HIF-1 is involved in suppressing oxygen consumption and facilitating glycolysis in cells and that the resistance to propofol-induced cell death was established in a HIF-1 activation-dependent manner. It was also demonstrated that HIF-1 activation by treatment with HIFα-hydroxylase inhibitors such as n-propyl gallate and dimethyloxaloylglycine, alleviated the toxic effects of propofol. Thus, the resistance to propofol toxicity was conferred by HIF-1 activation by not only genetic deletion of VHL but also exposure to HIFα-hydroxylase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Sumi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.,Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Akihisa Okamoto
- Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanaka
- Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Munenori Kusunoki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.,Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Shoji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.,Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Takeo Uba
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.,Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Takehiko Adachi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Teppei Iwai
- Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Nishi
- Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Harada
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Radiation Biology Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Bono
- Database Center for Life Science (DBCLS), Research Organization of Information and Systems (ROIS), Mishima, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Matsuo
- Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Kiichi Hirota
- Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.
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197
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Nonnenmacher Y, Hiller K. Biochemistry of proinflammatory macrophage activation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2093-2109. [PMID: 29502308 PMCID: PMC5948278 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2784-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, metabolism has been recognized as a major determinant of immunological processes. During an inflammatory response, macrophages undergo striking changes in their metabolism. This metabolic reprogramming is governed by a complex interplay between metabolic enzymes and metabolites of different pathways and represents the basis for proper macrophage function. It is now evident that these changes go far beyond the well-known Warburg effect and the perturbation of metabolic targets is being investigated as a means to treat infections and auto-immune diseases. In the present review, we will aim to provide an overview of the metabolic responses during proinflammatory macrophage activation and show how these changes modulate the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannic Nonnenmacher
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry and Braunschweig Integrated Center of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Karsten Hiller
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry and Braunschweig Integrated Center of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106, Brunswick, Germany.
- Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany.
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198
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Kumar V. Targeting macrophage immunometabolism: Dawn in the darkness of sepsis. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 58:173-185. [PMID: 29625385 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is known since the time (470 BC) of great Greek physician, Hippocrates. Advancement in modern medicine and establishment of separate branches of medical science dealing with sepsis research have improved its outcome. However, mortality associated with sepsis still remains higher (25-30%) that further increases to 40-50% in the presence of septic shock. For example, sepsis-associated deaths account more in comparison to deaths-associated with myocardial-infarction and certain cancers (i.e. breast and colorectal cancer). However, it is now well established that profound activation of innate immune cells including macrophages play a very important role in the immunopathogenesis of sepsis. Macrophages are sentinel cells of the innate immune system with their location varying from peripheral blood to various target organs including lungs, liver, brain, kidneys, skin, testes, vascular endothelium etc. Thus, profound and dysregulated activation of these cells during sepsis can directly impact the outcome of sepsis. However, the emergence of the concept of immunometabolism as a major controller of immune response has raised a new hope for identifying new targets for immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches. Thus this present review starts with an introduction of sepsis as a major medical problem worldwide and signifies the role of dysregulated innate immune response including macrophages in its immunopathogenesis. Thereafter, subsequent sections describe changes in immunometabolic stage of macrophages (both M1 and M2) during sepsis. The article ends with the discussion of novel macrophage-specific therapeutic targets targeting their immunometabolism during sepsis and epigenetic regulation of macrophage immunometabolism and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kumar
- Children's Health Queensland Clinical Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, ST Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4078, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, ST Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4078, Australia.
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199
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Suzuki T, Minagawa S, Yamazaki T, Arai T, Kanai M, Shinjo S, Goda N. Loss of hypoxia inducible factor-1α aggravates γδ T-cell-mediated inflammation during acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Hepatol Commun 2018; 2:571-581. [PMID: 29761172 PMCID: PMC5944581 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury is closely associated with acute hepatic inflammation. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is activated during immunological processes and regulates gene expressions in various types of immune cells. Although HIF-1 controls the differentiation and functions of conventional T cells in chronic inflammation, the pathological importance of HIF-1 in innate-like T cells during acute inflammation remains unknown. Here, we investigated the role of HIF-1 in innate-like γδ T cells during APAP-induced acute liver injury. In response to APAP administration, T-cell-specific Hif-1α gene knockout mice sustained severe liver damage compared to wild-type control mice but without any impacts on the initial hepatic insult. This severe liver damage was accompanied by excessive neutrophil infiltration into the liver, increased serum interleukin (IL)-17A levels, and increased hepatic expressions of C-X-C chemokine ligand (Cxcl) 1 and Cxcl2. Neutrophil depletion and IL-17A neutralization completely abolished the aggravated phenotypes in T-cell-specific Hif-1α gene knockout mice. Loss of the Hif-1α gene enhanced the aberrant accumulation of IL-17A-producing innate-like γδ T cells in the affected liver with no apparent effects on their IL-17A-producing ability. Adoptive transfer of Hif-1α-deficient splenic γδ T cells into recombination activating gene 2 (Rag2)-deficient mice aggravated APAP-induced liver injury with increased neutrophil accumulation in the liver compared to that of wild-type γδ T cells. Furthermore, Hif-1α-deficient γδ T cells selectively showed aberrantly enhanced migratory ability. This ability was totally abolished by treatment with the mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthase inhibitor oligomycin. Conclusion: Deletion of Hif-1α gene in T cells aggravates APAP-induced acute inflammatory responses by enhancing aberrant innate-like γδ T-cell recruitment, thereby increasing excessive neutrophil infiltration into the liver. (Hepatology Communications 2018;2:571-581).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Suzuki
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo Japan
| | - Shoko Minagawa
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo Japan
| | - Takashi Yamazaki
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo Japan
| | - Takatomo Arai
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo Japan
| | - Mai Kanai
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo Japan
| | - Satoko Shinjo
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo Japan
| | - Nobuhito Goda
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo Japan
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200
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Goodwin J, Choi H, Hsieh MH, Neugent ML, Ahn JM, Hayenga HN, Singh PK, Shackelford DB, Lee IK, Shulaev V, Dhar S, Takeda N, Kim JW. Targeting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α/Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 1 Axis by Dichloroacetate Suppresses Bleomycin-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 58:216-231. [PMID: 28915065 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0186oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of fibrotic diseases. Aberrantly activated myofibroblasts are the primary pathological driver of fibrotic progression, yet how various microenvironmental influences, such as hypoxia, contribute to their sustained activation and differentiation is poorly understood. As a defining feature of hypoxia is its impact on cellular metabolism, we sought to investigate how hypoxia-induced metabolic reprogramming affects myofibroblast differentiation and fibrotic progression, and to test the preclinical efficacy of targeting glycolytic metabolism for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrotic progression was evaluated in two independent, fibroblast-specific, promoter-driven, hypoxia-inducible factor (Hif) 1A knockout mouse models and in glycolytic inhibitor, dichloroacetate-treated mice. Genetic and pharmacological approaches were used to explicate the role of metabolic reprogramming in myofibroblast differentiation. Hypoxia significantly enhanced transforming growth factor-β-induced myofibroblast differentiation through HIF-1α, whereas overexpression of the critical HIF-1α-mediated glycolytic switch, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) was sufficient to activate glycolysis and potentiate myofibroblast differentiation, even in the absence of HIF-1α. Inhibition of the HIF-1α/PDK1 axis by genomic deletion of Hif1A or pharmacological inhibition of PDK1 significantly attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Our findings suggest that HIF-1α/PDK1-mediated glycolytic reprogramming is a critical metabolic alteration that acts to promote myofibroblast differentiation and fibrotic progression, and demonstrate that targeting glycolytic metabolism may prove to be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jung-Mo Ahn
- 2 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and
| | - Heather N Hayenga
- 3 Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- 4 Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - David B Shackelford
- 5 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- 6 Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Vladimir Shulaev
- 7 Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
| | - Shanta Dhar
- 8 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and.,9 Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- 10 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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