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Abstract
The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses and maintains homeostasis during daily activities such as exercise, eating a meal or regulation of body temperature. Sympathetic regulation of bodily functions requires the establishment and refinement of anatomically and functionally precise connections between postganglionic sympathetic neurons and peripheral organs distributed widely throughout the body. Mechanistic studies of key events in the formation of postganglionic sympathetic neurons during embryonic and early postnatal life, including axon growth, target innervation, neuron survival, and dendrite growth and synapse formation, have advanced the understanding of how neuronal development is shaped by interactions with peripheral tissues and organs. Recent progress has also been made in identifying how the cellular and molecular diversity of sympathetic neurons is established to meet the functional demands of peripheral organs. In this Review, we summarize current knowledge of signalling pathways underlying the development of the sympathetic nervous system. These findings have implications for unravelling the contribution of sympathetic dysfunction stemming, in part, from developmental perturbations to the pathophysiology of peripheral neuropathies and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.
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152
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Eukaryotic initiation factor 2 signaling behind neural invasion linked with lymphatic and vascular invasion in pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21197. [PMID: 34707166 PMCID: PMC8551178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00727-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Perineural invasion (PNI) is a typical poor prognostic factor in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The mechanisms linking PNI to poor prognosis remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify what changes occurred alongside PNI in PDAC. A 128-patient cohort undergoing surgery for early-stage PDAC was evaluated. Subdivided into two groups, according to pathological state, a pancreatic nerve invasion (ne) score of less than three (from none to moderate invasion) was designated as the low-grade ne group. The high-grade (marked invasion) ne group (74 cases, 57.8%) showed a higher incidence of lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.002), a higher incidence of early recurrence (P = 0.004), decreased RFS (P < 0.001), and decreased DSS (P < 0.001). The severity of lymphatic (r = 0.440, P = 0.042) and venous (r = 0.610, P = 0.002) invasions was positively correlated with the ne score. Tumors having abundant stroma often displayed severe ne. Proteomics identified eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2) signaling as the most significantly enriched pathway in high-grade ne PDAC. Additionally, EIF2 signaling-related ribosome proteins decreased according to severity. Results showed that PNI is linked with lymphatic and vascular invasion in early-stage PDAC. Furthermore, the dysregulation of proteostasis and ribosome biogenesis can yield a difference in PNI severity.
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153
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Elevated Level of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in Serum-Derived Exosomes Predicts Poor Survival in Patients with Breast Cancer Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215260. [PMID: 34771423 PMCID: PMC8582365 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Exosomes and cytokines play crucial roles in the process of tumor progression. Recent studies have reported that cytokines can be packaged into exosomes, leading to drug resistance. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential value of cytokines in both serum and exosomes as prognostic biomarkers of long-term outcomes in patients with breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We observed significant differences in expression patterns between serum cytokines and exosomal cytokines. Elevated levels of serum IP-10, serum MMP-1, and exosomal NGF were associated with poor overall survival. In multivariate analysis, exosomal NGF was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. These findings suggest that exosomal NGF is useful for identifying patients with poor survival outcomes. Abstract Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a standard treatment strategy for patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). However, there are no established predictors of chemosensitivity and survival in LABC patients who undergo NAC. Many studies have demonstrated that exosomes and cytokines are important players in intercellular communication between tumors and their environments, and are involved in chemotherapy resistance. Recently, it was reported that cytokines can be packaged into exosomes, but whether exosomal cytokines serve as biomarkers in breast cancer patients is still unclear. In this study, we examined the roles of cytokines in both serum and exosomes as prognostic biomarkers for long-term outcomes in patients with breast cancer who undergo NAC. We isolated exosomes from the blood of 129 patients with early breast cancer who were receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy between 2008 and 2011 at Samsung Medical Center. The levels of cytokines and growth factors in serum and exosomes were measured with ProcartaPlex immune-related panels. We investigated correlations between clinic-pathologic variables and patient survival, and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed for prognostic evaluation. We detected significant differences in expression patterns between serum cytokines and exosomal cytokines. In both serum and exosomes, many cytokines were positively correlated with age. In univariate analysis, patients with high serum IP-10, serum MMP-1, and exosomal NGF had shorter overall survival. Exosomal NGF showed significantly poorer overall survival in multivariate analysis. These findings suggest that exosomal NGF is useful for identifying patients with poor survival outcomes.
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154
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Current Treatment Modalities Targeting Tumor Microenvironment in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 34664246 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73119-9_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is responsible for significant cancer-related morbidity and mortality following local treatment failure in men. The initial stages of PCa are typically managed with a combination of surgical resection and/or androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Unfortunately, a significant proportion of PCa continues to progress despite being at castrate levels of testosterone (<50 ng/dl), at which point it is coined castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In recent years, many novel therapeutics and drug combinations have been created for CRPC patients. These include immune checkpoint inhibitors, chemokine receptor antagonists, steroidogenic enzyme inhibition, and novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors as well as combinations of drugs. The selection of the most appropriate therapy depends on several factors like stage of the disease, age of the patient, metastasis, functional status, and response towards previous therapies. Here, we review the current state of the literature regarding treatment modalities, focusing on the treatment recommendations per the American Urological Association (AUA), recent clinical trials, and their limitations. An accurate and reliable overview of the strengths and limitations of PCa therapeutics could also allow personalized therapeutic interventions against PCa.
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155
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Microbiomics in Collusion with the Nervous System in Carcinogenesis: Diagnosis, Pathogenesis and Treatment. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102129. [PMID: 34683450 PMCID: PMC8538279 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of the naturally occurring population of microbes on various human diseases has been a topic of much recent interest. Not surprisingly, continuously growing attention is devoted to the existence of a gut brain axis, where the microbiota present in the gut can affect the nervous system through the release of metabolites, stimulation of the immune system, changing the permeability of the blood–brain barrier or activating the vagus nerves. Many of the methods that stimulate the nervous system can also lead to the development of cancer by manipulating pathways associated with the hallmarks of cancer. Moreover, neurogenesis or the creation of new nervous tissue, is associated with the development and progression of cancer in a similar manner as the blood and lymphatic systems. Finally, microbes can secrete neurotransmitters, which can stimulate cancer growth and development. In this review we discuss the latest evidence that support the importance of microbiota and peripheral nerves in cancer development and dissemination.
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156
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Kaduri M, Sela M, Kagan S, Poley M, Abumanhal-Masarweh H, Mora-Raimundo P, Ouro A, Dahan N, Hershkovitz D, Shklover J, Shainsky-Roitman J, Buganim Y, Schroeder A. Targeting neurons in the tumor microenvironment with bupivacaine nanoparticles reduces breast cancer progression and metastases. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj5435. [PMID: 34613777 PMCID: PMC8494443 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Neurons within the tumor microenvironment promote cancer progression; thus, their local targeting has potential clinical benefits. We designed PEGylated lipid nanoparticles loaded with a non-opioid analgesic, bupivacaine, to target neurons within breast cancer tumors and suppress nerve-to-cancer cross-talk. In vitro, 100-nm nanoparticles were taken up readily by primary neurons, trafficking from the neuronal body and along the axons. We demonstrate that signaling between triple-negative breast cancer cells (4T1) and neurons involves secretion of cytokines stimulating neurite outgrowth. Reciprocally, neurons stimulated 4T1 proliferation, migration, and survival through secretion of neurotransmitters. Bupivacaine curbs neurite growth and signaling with cancer cells, inhibiting cancer cell viability. In vivo, bupivacaine-loaded nanoparticles intravenously administered suppressed neurons in orthotopic triple-negative breast cancer tumors, inhibiting tumor growth and metastatic dissemination. Overall, our findings suggest that reducing nerve involvement in tumors is important for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Kaduri
- The Louis Family Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Mor Sela
- The Louis Family Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Shaked Kagan
- The Louis Family Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Maria Poley
- The Louis Family Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Hanan Abumanhal-Masarweh
- The Louis Family Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- The Norman Seiden Multidisciplinary Program for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Patricia Mora-Raimundo
- The Louis Family Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Alberto Ouro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080 Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nitsan Dahan
- Life Sciences and Engineering Infrastructure Center, Lorry I. Lokey Interdisciplinary Center, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Dov Hershkovitz
- Pathology Institute, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jeny Shklover
- The Louis Family Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Janna Shainsky-Roitman
- The Louis Family Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yosef Buganim
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Avi Schroeder
- The Louis Family Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- Corresponding author.
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157
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Yoneda T, Hiasa M, Okui T, Hata K. Sensory nerves: A driver of the vicious cycle in bone metastasis? J Bone Oncol 2021; 30:100387. [PMID: 34504741 PMCID: PMC8411232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2021.100387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is one of the preferential target organs of cancer metastasis. Bone metastasis is associated with various complications, of which bone pain is most common and debilitating. The cancer-associated bone pain (CABP) is induced as a consequence of increased neurogenesis, reprogramming and axonogenesis of sensory nerves (SNs) in harmony with sensitization and excitation of SNs in response to the tumor microenvironment created in bone. Importantly, CABP is associated with increased mortality, of which precise cellular and molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. Bone is densely innervated by autonomic nerves (ANs) (sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves) and SNs. Recent studies have shown that the nerves innervating the tumor microenvironment establish intimate communications with tumors, producing various stimuli for tumors to progress and disseminate. In this review, our current understanding of the role of SNs innervating bone in the pathophysiology of CABP will be overviewed. Then the hypothesis that SNs facilitate cancer progression in bone will be discussed in conjunction with our recent findings that SNs play an important role not only in the induction of CABP but also the progression of bone metastasis using a preclinical model of CABP. It is suggested that SNs are a critical component of the bone microenvironment that drives the vicious cycle between bone and cancer to progress bone metastasis. Suppression of the activity of bone-innervating SNs may have potential therapeutic effects on the progression of bone metastasis and induction of CABP.
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Key Words
- AN, autonomic nerve
- BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor
- BMP, bone morphogenetic protein
- BMSC, bone marrow stromal cells
- Bone microenvironment
- CABP, cancer-associated bone pain
- CALCRL, calcitonin receptor-like receptor
- CAP, cancer-associated pain
- CCL2, C–C motif chemokine 2
- CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide
- CNS, central nervous system
- COX, cyclooxygenase
- CREB, cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein
- CRPC, castration-resistant prostate cancer
- CXCL1, C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1
- CXCL2, C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2
- Cancer-associated bone pain
- DRG, dorsal root ganglion
- ERK1/2, extracellular receptor kinase ½
- G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
- GDNF, glial-derived neurotrophic factor
- HGF, hepatocyte growth factor
- HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α
- HMGB-1, high mobility group box-1
- HSCs, hematopoietic stem cells
- HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- IL-1β, interleukin 1β
- MM, multiple myeloma
- MOR, mu-opioid receptor
- NE, norepinephrine
- NGF, nerve growth factor
- NI, nerve invasion
- NPY, neuropeptide Y
- NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- Nociceptors
- OA, osteoarthritis
- OPG, osteoprotegerin
- PACAP, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide
- PD-1, programmed cell death-1
- PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1
- PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
- PGE2, prostaglandin E2
- PNI, perineural invasion
- PanIN, pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia
- Perineural invasion
- RAGE, receptor for advanced glycation end products
- RAMP1, receptor activity modifying protein 1
- RANKL, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand
- RTX, resiniferatoxin
- SN, sensory nerves
- SP, substance P
- SRE, skeletal-related event
- Sensory nerves
- TGFβ, transforming growth factor β
- TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α
- TRPV1
- TrkA, tyrosine kinase receptor type 1
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- VIP, vasoactive intestinal peptide
- a3V-H+-ATPase, a3 isoform vacuolar proton pump
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Yoneda
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hiasa
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineerings, University of Tokushima Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Okui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Biopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kenji Hata
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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158
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Plava J, Burikova M, Cihova M, Trnkova L, Smolkova B, Babal P, Krivosikova L, Janega P, Rojikova L, Drahosova S, Bohac M, Danisovic L, Kucerova L, Miklikova S. Chemotherapy-triggered changes in stromal compartment drive tumor invasiveness and progression of breast cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:302. [PMID: 34579743 PMCID: PMC8477536 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Chemotherapy remains a standard treatment option for breast cancer despite its toxic effects to normal tissues. However, the long-lasting effects of chemotherapy on non-malignant cells may influence tumor cell behavior and response to treatment. Here, we have analyzed the effects of doxorubicin (DOX) and paclitaxel (PAC), commonly used chemotherapeutic agents, on the survival and cellular functions of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), which comprise an important part of breast tumor microenvironment. Methods Chemotherapy-exposed MSC (DOX-MSC, PAC-MSC) were co-cultured with three breast cancer cell (BCC) lines differing in molecular characteristics to study chemotherapy-triggered changes in stromal compartment of the breast tissue and its relevance to tumor progression in vitro and in vivo. Conditioned media from co-cultured cells were used to determine the cytokine content. Mixture of BCC and exposed or unexposed MSC were subcutaneously injected into the immunodeficient SCID/Beige mice to analyze invasion into the surrounding tissue and possible metastases. The same mixtures of cells were applied on the chorioallantoic membrane to study angiogenic potential. Results Therapy-educated MSC differed in cytokine production compared to un-exposed MSC and influenced proliferation and secretory phenotype of tumor cells in co-culture. Histochemical tumor xenograft analysis revealed increased invasive potential of tumor cells co-injected with DOX-MSC or PAC-MSC and also the presence of nerve fiber infiltration in tumors. Chemotherapy-exposed MSC have also influenced angiogenic potential in the model of chorioallantoic membrane. Conclusions Data presented in this study suggest that neoadjuvant chemotherapy could possibly alter otherwise healthy stroma in breast tissue into a hostile tumor-promoting and metastasis favoring niche. Understanding of the tumor microenvironment and its complex net of signals brings us closer to the ability to recognize the mechanisms that prevent failure of standard therapy and accomplish the curative purpose. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02087-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Plava
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Monika Burikova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marina Cihova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Trnkova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Bozena Smolkova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavel Babal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Krivosikova
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Janega
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Rojikova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Slavka Drahosova
- Hermes LabSystems, s.r.o., Puchovska 12, 831 06, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Bohac
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Oncosurgery, National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Regenmed Ltd, Medena 29, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- Regenmed Ltd, Medena 29, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Kucerova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Svetlana Miklikova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
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159
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Roda N, Blandano G, Pelicci PG. Blood Vessels and Peripheral Nerves as Key Players in Cancer Progression and Therapy Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174471. [PMID: 34503281 PMCID: PMC8431382 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The interactions between cancer cells and the surrounding blood vessels and peripheral nerves are critical in all the phases of tumor development. Accordingly, therapies that specifically target vessels and nerves represent promising anticancer approaches. The first aim of this review is to document the importance of blood vessels and peripheral nerves in both cancer onset and local or distant growth of tumoral cells. We then focus on the state-of-the-art therapies that limit cancer progression through the impairment of blood vessels and peripheral nerves. The mentioned literature is helpful for the scientific community to appreciate the recent advances in these two fundamental components of tumors. Abstract Cancer cells continuously interact with the tumor microenvironment (TME), a heterogeneous milieu that surrounds the tumor mass and impinges on its phenotype. Among the components of the TME, blood vessels and peripheral nerves have been extensively studied in recent years for their prominent role in tumor development from tumor initiation. Cancer cells were shown to actively promote their own vascularization and innervation through the processes of angiogenesis and axonogenesis. Indeed, sprouting vessels and axons deliver several factors needed by cancer cells to survive and proliferate, including nutrients, oxygen, and growth signals, to the expanding tumor mass. Nerves and vessels are also fundamental for the process of metastatic spreading, as they provide both the pro-metastatic signals to the tumor and the scaffold through which cancer cells can reach distant organs. Not surprisingly, continuously growing attention is devoted to the development of therapies specifically targeting these structures, with promising initial results. In this review, we summarize the latest evidence that supports the importance of blood vessels and peripheral nerves in cancer pathogenesis, therapy resistance, and innovative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Roda
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy; (N.R.); (G.B.)
| | - Giada Blandano
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy; (N.R.); (G.B.)
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy; (N.R.); (G.B.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
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160
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Wakiya T, Ishido K, Yoshizawa T, Kanda T, Hakamada K. Roles of the nervous system in pancreatic cancer. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2021; 5:623-633. [PMID: 34585047 PMCID: PMC8452481 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), with its extremely poor prognosis, presents a substantial health problem worldwide. Outcomes have improved thanks to progress in surgical technique, chemotherapy, pre-/postoperative management, and centralization of patient care to high-volume centers. However, our goals are yet to be met. Recently, exome sequencing using PDAC surgical specimens has demonstrated that the most frequently altered genes were the axon guidance genes, indicating involvement of the nervous system in PDAC carcinogenesis. Moreover, perineural invasion has been widely identified as one poor prognostic factor. The combination of innovative technologies and extensive clinician experience with the nervous system come together here to create a new treatment option. However, evidence has emerged that suggests that the relationship between cancer and nerves in PDAC, the underlying mechanism, is not fully understood. In an attempt to tackle this lethal cancer, this review summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the pancreas and discusses the role of the nervous system in the pathophysiology of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiichi Wakiya
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosakiJapan
| | - Keinosuke Ishido
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosakiJapan
| | - Tadashi Yoshizawa
- Department of Pathology and BioscienceHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosakiJapan
| | - Taishu Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosakiJapan
| | - Kenichi Hakamada
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosakiJapan
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161
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Chen Q, Jiang H, Wang Z, Cai LY, Jiang YC, Xie L, Zhou Y, Zeng X, Ji N, Shen YQ, Chen QM. Adrenergic Blockade by Nebivolol to Suppress Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Growth via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondria Dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:691998. [PMID: 34456721 PMCID: PMC8387679 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.691998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adrenergic nerve fibers in the tumor microenvironment promote tumor growth and represent a potential target for cancer therapy. However, the effectiveness of targeting adrenergic nerve fibers for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) therapy needs to be evaluated by preclinical data. Herein, the 4NQO-induced and orthotopic xenograft OSCC mice models were established. We demonstrated that using 6OHDA chemical denervation as well as using nebivolol adrenergic blockade could halt the oral mucosa carcinogenesis. Our preclinical studies suggested that nebivolol, which is widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases, can be repositioned as a potential candidate to treat OSCC. Remarkably, we revealed the precise effect and mechanism of nebivolol on OSCC cells proliferation, cell cycle, and cell death. Administration of nebivolol could activate the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathway through increasing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, which subsequently triggers the integrated stress response and cell growth arrest. Simultaneously, ER stress also induced mitochondrial dysfunction in OSCC cells. We found that the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria with the impaired electron transport chain caused increasing reactive oxygen species production, which ultimately resulted in OSCC cell death. Altogether, our finding suggested a novel therapeutic opportunity for OSCC by targeting adrenergic nerve fibers, and repurposing nebivolol to treat OSCC can be represented as an effective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu-Yao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Chen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying-Qiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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162
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Anand H, Ende V, Singh G, Qureshi I, Duong TQ, Mehler MF. Nervous System-Systemic Crosstalk in SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: A Unique Dyshomeostasis Syndrome. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:727060. [PMID: 34512253 PMCID: PMC8430330 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.727060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a spectrum of acute neurological syndromes. A subset of these syndromes promotes higher in-hospital mortality than is predicted by traditional parameters defining critical care illness. This suggests that deregulation of components of the central and peripheral nervous systems compromises the interplay with systemic cellular, tissue and organ interfaces to mediate numerous atypical manifestations of COVID-19 through impairments in organismal homeostasis. This unique dyshomeostasis syndrome involves components of the ACE-2/1 lifecycles, renin-angiotensin system regulatory axes, integrated nervous system functional interactions and brain regions differentially sculpted by accelerated evolutionary processes and more primordial homeostatic functions. These biological contingencies suggest a mechanistic blueprint to define long-term neurological sequelae and systemic manifestations such as premature aging phenotypes, including organ fibrosis, tissue degeneration and cancer. Therapeutic initiatives must therefore encompass innovative combinatorial agents, including repurposing FDA-approved drugs targeting components of the autonomic nervous system and recently identified products of SARS-CoV-2-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harnadar Anand
- The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Victoria Ende
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Gurinder Singh
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Irfan Qureshi
- The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Tim Q. Duong
- Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Mark F. Mehler
- The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Rose F. Kennedy Center for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Center for Epigenomics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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163
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Kerk SA, Papagiannakopoulos T, Shah YM, Lyssiotis CA. Metabolic networks in mutant KRAS-driven tumours: tissue specificities and the microenvironment. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:510-525. [PMID: 34244683 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oncogenic mutations in KRAS drive common metabolic programmes that facilitate tumour survival, growth and immune evasion in colorectal carcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. However, the impacts of mutant KRAS signalling on malignant cell programmes and tumour properties are also dictated by tumour suppressor losses and physiological features specific to the cell and tissue of origin. Here we review convergent and disparate metabolic networks regulated by oncogenic mutant KRAS in colon, lung and pancreas tumours, with an emphasis on co-occurring mutations and the role of the tumour microenvironment. Furthermore, we explore how these networks can be exploited for therapeutic gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Kerk
- Doctoral Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thales Papagiannakopoulos
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yatrik M Shah
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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164
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Liang Y, Li H, Gan Y, Tu H. Shedding Light on the Role of Neurotransmitters in the Microenvironment of Pancreatic Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:688953. [PMID: 34395421 PMCID: PMC8363299 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.688953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a 5-year survival rate of less than 8%. The fate of PC is determined not only by the malignant behavior of the cancer cells, but also by the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), consisting of various cellular (cancer cells, immune cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells, and neurons) and non-cellular (cytokines, neurotransmitters, and extracellular matrix) components. The pancreatic TME has the unique characteristic of exhibiting increased neural density and altered microenvironmental concentration of neurotransmitters. The neurotransmitters, produced by both neuron and non-neuronal cells, can directly regulate the biological behavior of PC cells via binding to their corresponding receptors on tumor cells and activating the intracellular downstream signals. On the other hand, the neurotransmitters can also communicate with other cellular components such as the immune cells in the TME to promote cancer growth. In this review, we will summarize the pleiotropic effects of neurotransmitters on the initiation and progression of PC, and particularly discuss the emerging mechanisms of how neurotransmitters influence the innate and adaptive immune responses in the TME in an autocrine or paracrine manner. A better understanding of the interplay between neurotransmitters and the immune cells in the TME might facilitate the development of new effective therapies for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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165
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Costa A, Vale N. Strategies for the treatment of breast cancer: from classical drugs to mathematical models. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2021; 18:6328-6385. [PMID: 34517536 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2021316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and generally affects women. It is a heterogeneous disease that presents different entities, different biological characteristics, and differentiated clinical behaviors. With this in mind, this literature review had as its main objective to analyze the path taken from the simple use of classical drugs to the application of mathematical models, which through the many ongoing studies, have been considered as one of the reliable strategies, explaining the reasons why chemotherapy is not always successful. Besides, the most commonly mentioned strategies are immunotherapy, which includes techniques and therapies such as the use of antibodies, cytokines, antitumor vaccines, oncolytic and genomic viruses, among others, and nanoparticles, including metallic, magnetic, polymeric, liposome, dendrimer, micelle, and others, as well as drug reuse, which is a process by which new therapeutic indications are found for existing and approved drugs. The most commonly used pharmacological categories are cardiac, antiparasitic, anthelmintic, antiviral, antibiotic, and others. For the efficient development of reused drugs, there must be a process of exchange of purposes, methods, and information already available, and for their better understanding, computational mathematical models are then used, of which the methods of blind search or screening, based on the target, knowledge, signature, pathway or network and the mechanism to which it is directed, stand out. To conclude it should be noted that these different strategies can be applied alone or in combination with each other always to improve breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Costa
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Health Information and Decision (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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166
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Archer M, Dogra N, Dovey Z, Ganta T, Jang HS, Khusid JA, Lantz A, Mihalopoulos M, Stockert JA, Zahalka A, Björnebo L, Gaglani S, Noh MR, Kaplan SA, Mehrazin R, Badani KK, Wiklund P, Tsao K, Lundon DJ, Mohamed N, Lucien F, Padanilam B, Gupta M, Tewari AK, Kyprianou N. Role of α- and β-adrenergic signaling in phenotypic targeting: significance in benign and malignant urologic disease. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:78. [PMID: 34284799 PMCID: PMC8290582 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00755-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The urinary tract is highly innervated by autonomic nerves which are essential in urinary tract development, the production of growth factors, and the control of homeostasis. These neural signals may become dysregulated in several genitourinary (GU) disease states, both benign and malignant. Accordingly, the autonomic nervous system is a therapeutic target for several genitourinary pathologies including cancer, voiding dysfunction, and obstructing nephrolithiasis. Adrenergic receptors (adrenoceptors) are G-Protein coupled-receptors that are distributed throughout the body. The major function of α1-adrenoceptors is signaling smooth muscle contractions through GPCR and intracellular calcium influx. Pharmacologic intervention of α-and β-adrenoceptors is routinely and successfully implemented in the treatment of benign urologic illnesses, through the use of α-adrenoceptor antagonists. Furthermore, cell-based evidence recently established the antitumor effect of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists in prostate, bladder and renal tumors by reducing neovascularity and impairing growth within the tumor microenvironment via regulation of the phenotypic epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). There has been a significant focus on repurposing the routinely used, Food and Drug Administration-approved α1-adrenoceptor antagonists to inhibit GU tumor growth and angiogenesis in patients with advanced prostate, bladder, and renal cancer. In this review we discuss the current evidence on (a) the signaling events of the autonomic nervous system mediated by its cognate α- and β-adrenoceptors in regulating the phenotypic landscape (EMT) of genitourinary organs; and (b) the therapeutic significance of targeting this signaling pathway in benign and malignant urologic disease. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Archer
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - N. Dogra
- Department of Pathology and Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Department of Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Z. Dovey
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - T. Ganta
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - H.-S. Jang
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - J. A. Khusid
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - A. Lantz
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section of Urology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Mihalopoulos
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - J. A. Stockert
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - A. Zahalka
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - L. Björnebo
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S. Gaglani
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - M. R. Noh
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - S. A. Kaplan
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - R. Mehrazin
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - K. K. Badani
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - P. Wiklund
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - K. Tsao
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - D. J. Lundon
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - N. Mohamed
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - F. Lucien
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - B. Padanilam
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - M. Gupta
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - A. K. Tewari
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - N. Kyprianou
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 6th Floor, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Department of Pathology and Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
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167
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Bencze N, Schvarcz C, Kriszta G, Danics L, Szőke É, Balogh P, Szállási Á, Hamar P, Helyes Z, Botz B. Desensitization of Capsaicin-Sensitive Afferents Accelerates Early Tumor Growth via Increased Vascular Leakage in a Murine Model of Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:685297. [PMID: 34336669 PMCID: PMC8317060 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.685297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the role of nerve-driven mechanisms in tumorigenesis and tumor growth. Capsaicin-sensitive afferents have been previously shown to possess antitumoral and immune-regulatory properties, the mechanism of which is currently poorly understood. In this study, we have assessed the role of these terminals in the triple negative 4T1 orthotopic mouse model of breast cancer. The ultrapotent capsaicin-analogue resiniferatoxin (RTX) was used for the selective, systemic desensitization of capsaicin-sensitive afferents. Growth and viability of orthotopically implanted 4T1 tumors were measured by caliper, in vivo MRI, and bioluminescence imaging, while tumor vascularity and protease enzyme activity were assessed using fluorescent in vivo imaging. The levels of the neuropeptides Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP), Substance P (SP), and somatostatin were measured from tumor tissue homogenates using radioimmunoassay, while tumor structure and peritumoral inflammation were evaluated by conventional use of CD31, CD45 and CD3 immunohistology. RTX-pretreated mice demonstrated facilitated tumor growth in the early phase measured using a caliper, which was coupled with increased tumor vascular leakage demonstrated using fluorescent vascular imaging. The tumor size difference dissipated by day seven. The MRI tumor volume was similar, while the intratumoral protease enzyme activity measured by fluorescence imaging was also comparable in RTX-pretreated and non-pretreated animals. Tumor viability or immunohistopathological profile was measured using CD3, CD31, and CD45 stains and did not differ significantly from the non-pretreated control group. Intratumoral somatostatin, CGRP, and SP levels were similar in both groups. Our results underscore the beneficial, antitumoral properties of capsaicin sensitive nerve terminals in this aggressive model of breast cancer, which is presumed to be due to the inhibition of tumor vascular bed disruption. The absence of any difference in intratumoral neuropeptide levels indicates non-neural sources playing a substantial part in their expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Bencze
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Team and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Csaba Schvarcz
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Kriszta
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Team and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lea Danics
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Szőke
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Team and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Árpád Szállási
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Team and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bálint Botz
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Team and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
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168
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Klein WMP, O'Connell ME, Bloch MH, Czajkowski SM, Green PA, Han PKJ, Moser RP, Nebeling LC, Vanderpool RC. Behavioral Research in Cancer Prevention and Control: Emerging Challenges and Opportunities. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 114:179-186. [PMID: 34240206 PMCID: PMC8344826 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that behaviors such as poor diet, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, sedentary behavior, and excessive ultraviolet exposure account for nearly one-half of all cancer morbidity and mortality. Accordingly, the behavioral, social, and communication sciences have been important contributors to cancer prevention and control research, with methodological advances and implementation science helping to produce optimally effective interventions. To sustain these contributions, it is vital to adapt to the contemporary context. Efforts must consider ancillary effects of the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic, profound changes in the information environment and public understanding of and trust in science, renewed attention to structural racism and social determinants of health, and the rapidly increasing population of cancer survivors. Within this context, it is essential to accelerate reductions in tobacco use across all population subgroups; consider new models of energy balance (diet, physical activity, sedentary behavior); increase awareness of alcohol as a risk factor for cancer; and identify better communication practices in the context of cancer-related decisions such as screening and genetic testing. Successful integration of behavioral research and cancer prevention depends on working globally and seamlessly across disciplines, taking a multilevel approach where possible. Methodological and analytic approaches should be emphasized in research training programs and should use new and underused data sources and technologies. As the leadership core of the National Cancer Institute’s Behavioral Research Program, we reflect on these challenges and opportunities and consider implications for the next phase of behavioral research in cancer prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M P Klein
- Associate Director, Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute
| | - Mary E O'Connell
- Scientific Program Manager, Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute
| | - Michele H Bloch
- Chief, Tobacco Control Research Branch, National Cancer Institute
| | | | - Paige A Green
- Chief, Basic Biobehavioral/Psychological Sciences Research Branch, National Cancer Institute
| | - Paul K J Han
- Senior Scientist, Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute
| | - Richard P Moser
- Training Director and Research Methods Coordinator, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute
| | - Linda C Nebeling
- Deputy Associate Director, Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute
| | - Robin C Vanderpool
- Chief, Health Communication and Informatics Research Branch, National Cancer Institute
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169
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Pi YN, Qi WC, Xia BR, Lou G, Jin WL. Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Biological Properties and Therapeutic Potential. Front Immunol 2021; 12:697083. [PMID: 34295338 PMCID: PMC8290853 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.697083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy (CIT) is considered a revolutionary advance in the fight against cancer. The complexity of the immune microenvironment determines the success or failure of CIT. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is an extremely versatile molecule that can interact with RNA, DNA, or proteins to promote or inhibit the expression of protein-coding genes. LncRNAs are expressed in many different types of immune cells and regulate both innate and adaptive immunity. Recent studies have shown that the discovery of lncRNAs provides a novel perspective for studying the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Tumor cells and the associated microenvironment can change to escape recognition and elimination by the immune system. LncRNA induces the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment through related pathways, thereby controlling the escape of tumors from immune surveillance and promoting the development of metastasis and drug resistance. Using lncRNA as a therapeutic target provides a strategy for studying and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Pi
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Wen-Cai Qi
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bai-Rong Xia
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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170
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Sigorski D, Gulczyński J, Sejda A, Rogowski W, Iżycka-Świeszewska E. Investigation of Neural Microenvironment in Prostate Cancer in Context of Neural Density, Perineural Invasion, and Neuroendocrine Profile of Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:710899. [PMID: 34277455 PMCID: PMC8281889 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.710899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer stroma contains the neural compartment with specific components and action. Neural microenvironment processing includes among others axonogenesis, perineural invasion (PNI), neurosignaling, and tumor cell neural/neuroendocrine differentiation. Growing data suggest that tumor-neural crosstalk plays an important function in prostate cancer (PCa) biology. However, the mechanisms involved in PNI and axonogenesis, as well as their patho-clinical correlations in this tumor are unclear. Methods The present study was carried out on FFPE samples of 73 PCa and 15 benign prostate (BP) cases. Immunohistochemistry with neural markers PGP9.5, TH, and NFP was performed on constructed TMAs and selected tissue sections. The analyzed parameters of tumor innervation included small nerve density (ND) measured on pan-neural marker (PGP9.5) and TH s4tained slides, as well assessment of PNI presence and morphology. The qualitative and topographic aspects were studied. In addition, the expression of neuroendocrine marker chromogranin and NPY was assessed with dedicated indexes. The correlations of the above parameters with basic patho-clinical data such as patients’ age, tumor stage, grade, angioinvasion, and ERG status were examined. Results The study showed that innervation parameters differed between cancer and BP. The neural network in PCa revealed heterogeneity, and ND PGP9.5 in tumor was significantly lower than in its periphery. The density of sympathetic TH-positive fibers and its proportion to all fibers was lower in cancer than in the periphery and BP samples. Perineural invasion was confirmed in 76% of cases, usually multifocally, occurring more commonly in tumors with a higher grade. NPY expression in PCa cells was common with its intensity often rising towards PNI. ERG+ tumors showed higher ND, more frequent PNI, and a higher stage. Moreover, chromogranin-positive cells were more pronounced in PCa with higher NPY expression. Conclusions The analysis showed an irregular axonal network in prostate cancer with higher neural density (panneural and adrenergic) in the surroundings and the invasive front. ND and PNI interrelated with NPY expression, neuroendocrine differentiation, and ERG status. The above findings support new evidence for the presence of autocrine and paracrine interactions in prostate cancer neural microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Sigorski
- Department of Oncology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.,Department of Oncology and Immuno-Oncology, Warmian-Masurian Cancer Center of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jacek Gulczyński
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.,Department of Pathomorphology, Copernicus Hospital, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Sejda
- Department of Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wojciech Rogowski
- Department of Health, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland.,Department of Oncology, Chemotherapy, Clinical trials, Regional Hospital, Słupsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Iżycka-Świeszewska
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.,Department of Pathomorphology, Copernicus Hospital, Gdańsk, Poland
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171
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Blockage of Cholinergic Signaling via Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor 3 Inhibits Tumor Growth in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133220. [PMID: 34203220 PMCID: PMC8267754 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic signaling via the muscarinic M3 acetylcholine receptor (M3R) is involved in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study aimed to analyze the blocking of M3R signaling in CRC using darifenacin, a selective M3R antagonist. Darifenacin effects were studied on HT-29 and SW480 CRC cells using MTT and BrdU assays, Western blotting and real time RT-PCR. In vivo, blocking of M3R was assessed in an orthotopic CRC xenograft BALB/cnu/nu mouse model. M3R expression in clinical tumor specimens was studied by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray of 585 CRC patients. In vitro, darifenacin decreased tumor cell survival and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Acetylcholine-induced p38, ERK1/2 and Akt signaling, and MMP-1 mRNA expression were decreased by darifenacin, as well as matrigel invasion of tumor cells. In mice, darifenacin reduced primary tumor volume and weight (p < 0.05), as well as liver metastases, compared to controls. High expression scores of M3R were found on 89.2% of clinical CRC samples and correlated with infiltrative tumor border and non-mucinous histology (p < 0.05). In conclusion, darifenacin inhibited components of tumor growth and progression in vitro and reduced tumor growth in vivo. Its target, M3R, was expressed on the majority of CRC. Thus, repurposing darifenacin may be an attractive addition to systemic tumor therapy in CRC patients expressing M3R.
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172
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Vaes N, Schonkeren SL, Rademakers G, Holland AM, Koch A, Gijbels MJ, Keulers TG, de Wit M, Moonen L, Van der Meer JRM, van den Boezem E, Wolfs TGAM, Threadgill DW, Demmers J, Fijneman RJA, Jimenez CR, Vanden Berghe P, Smits KM, Rouschop KMA, Boesmans W, Hofstra RMW, Melotte V. Loss of enteric neuronal Ndrg4 promotes colorectal cancer via increased release of Nid1 and Fbln2. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e51913. [PMID: 33890711 PMCID: PMC8183412 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The N-Myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 4 (NDRG4), a prominent biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC), is specifically expressed by enteric neurons. Considering that nerves are important members of the tumor microenvironment, we here establish different Ndrg4 knockout (Ndrg4-/- ) CRC models and an indirect co-culture of primary enteric nervous system (ENS) cells and intestinal organoids to identify whether the ENS, via NDRG4, affects intestinal tumorigenesis. Linking immunostainings and gastrointestinal motility (GI) assays, we show that the absence of Ndrg4 does not trigger any functional or morphological GI abnormalities. However, combining in vivo, in vitro, and quantitative proteomics data, we uncover that Ndrg4 knockdown is associated with enlarged intestinal adenoma development and that organoid growth is boosted by the Ndrg4-/- ENS cell secretome, which is enriched for Nidogen-1 (Nid1) and Fibulin-2 (Fbln2). Moreover, NID1 and FBLN2 are expressed in enteric neurons, enhance migration capacities of CRC cells, and are enriched in human CRC secretomes. Hence, we provide evidence that the ENS, via loss of Ndrg4, is involved in colorectal pathogenesis and that ENS-derived Nidogen-1 and Fibulin-2 enhance colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Vaes
- Department of PathologyGROW–School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Simone L Schonkeren
- Department of PathologyGROW–School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Glenn Rademakers
- Department of PathologyGROW–School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Amy M Holland
- Department of PathologyGROW–School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Alexander Koch
- Department of PathologyGROW–School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Marion J Gijbels
- Department of PathologyGROW–School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Department of Molecular GeneticsCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)MaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Department of Medical BiochemistryAcademic Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Tom G Keulers
- Department of RadiotherapyGROW‐School for Oncology and Developmental Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Maastricht MUMC+Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Meike de Wit
- Department of Medical Oncology and Oncoproteomics LaboratoryCancer Center AmsterdamVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of PathologyNetherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Laura Moonen
- Department of PathologyGROW–School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Jaleesa R M Van der Meer
- Department of PathologyGROW–School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Edith van den Boezem
- Department of PathologyGROW–School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Tim G A M Wolfs
- Department of PediatricsGROW‐School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - David W Threadgill
- Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineTexas A&M University Health Science CenterCollege StationTXUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA
| | - Jeroen Demmers
- Proteomics CenterErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Connie R Jimenez
- Department of Medical Oncology and Oncoproteomics LaboratoryCancer Center AmsterdamVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Pieter Vanden Berghe
- Laboratory for Enteric Neuroscience (LENS) and Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID)Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and AgeingKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Kim M Smits
- Department of PathologyGROW–School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Kasper M A Rouschop
- Department of RadiotherapyGROW‐School for Oncology and Developmental Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Maastricht MUMC+Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Werend Boesmans
- Department of PathologyGROW–School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED)Hasselt UniversityHasseltBelgium
| | - Robert M W Hofstra
- Department of Clinical GeneticsErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Veerle Melotte
- Department of PathologyGROW–School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Department of Clinical GeneticsErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
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173
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Pan Y, Hysinger JD, Barron T, Schindler NF, Cobb O, Guo X, Yalçın B, Anastasaki C, Mulinyawe SB, Ponnuswami A, Scheaffer S, Ma Y, Chang KC, Xia X, Toonen JA, Lennon JJ, Gibson EM, Huguenard JR, Liau LM, Goldberg JL, Monje M, Gutmann DH. NF1 mutation drives neuronal activity-dependent initiation of optic glioma. Nature 2021; 594:277-282. [PMID: 34040258 PMCID: PMC8346229 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03580-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurons have recently emerged as essential cellular constituents of the tumour microenvironment, and their activity has been shown to increase the growth of a diverse number of solid tumours1. Although the role of neurons in tumour progression has previously been demonstrated2, the importance of neuronal activity to tumour initiation is less clear-particularly in the setting of cancer predisposition syndromes. Fifteen per cent of individuals with the neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) cancer predisposition syndrome (in which tumours arise in close association with nerves) develop low-grade neoplasms of the optic pathway (known as optic pathway gliomas (OPGs)) during early childhood3,4, raising the possibility that postnatal light-induced activity of the optic nerve drives tumour initiation. Here we use an authenticated mouse model of OPG driven by mutations in the neurofibromatosis 1 tumour suppressor gene (Nf1)5 to demonstrate that stimulation of optic nerve activity increases optic glioma growth, and that decreasing visual experience via light deprivation prevents tumour formation and maintenance. We show that the initiation of Nf1-driven OPGs (Nf1-OPGs) depends on visual experience during a developmental period in which Nf1-mutant mice are susceptible to tumorigenesis. Germline Nf1 mutation in retinal neurons results in aberrantly increased shedding of neuroligin 3 (NLGN3) within the optic nerve in response to retinal neuronal activity. Moreover, genetic Nlgn3 loss or pharmacological inhibition of NLGN3 shedding blocks the formation and progression of Nf1-OPGs. Collectively, our studies establish an obligate role for neuronal activity in the development of some types of brain tumours, elucidate a therapeutic strategy to reduce OPG incidence or mitigate tumour progression, and underscore the role of Nf1mutation-mediated dysregulation of neuronal signalling pathways in mouse models of the NF1 cancer predisposition syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Pan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jared D. Hysinger
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tara Barron
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicki F. Schindler
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Olivia Cobb
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaofan Guo
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Belgin Yalçın
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Corina Anastasaki
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sara B. Mulinyawe
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anitha Ponnuswami
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Suzanne Scheaffer
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kun-Che Chang
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xin Xia
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph A. Toonen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - James J. Lennon
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Erin M. Gibson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John R. Huguenard
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Linda M. Liau
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Goldberg
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - David H. Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA,Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to M.M. or D.H.G. ;
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174
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Beirith I, Renz BW, Mudusetti S, Ring NS, Kolorz J, Koch D, Bazhin AV, Berger M, Wang J, Angele MK, D’Haese JG, Guba MO, Niess H, Andrassy J, Werner J, Ilmer M. Identification of the Neurokinin-1 Receptor as Targetable Stratification Factor for Drug Repurposing in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112703. [PMID: 34070805 PMCID: PMC8198055 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The SP/NK1R-complex plays an important role in tumor proliferation. Targeting of the neurokinin-1 receptor in previous studies with its antagonist aprepitant (AP) resulted in anti-tumoral effects in colorectal cancer and hepatoblastoma. However, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding its effects on pancreatic cancer. Therefore, we treated human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines (Capan-1, DanG, HuP-T3, Panc-1, and MIA PaCa-2) and their cancer stem cell-like cells (CSCs) with AP and analyzed functional effects by MTT-, colony, and sphere formation assays, respectively; moreover, we monitored downstream mechanisms by flow cytometry. NK1R inhibition resulted in dose-dependent growth reduction in both CSCs and non-CSCs without induction of apoptosis in most PDAC cell lines. More importantly, we identified striking AP dependent cell cycle arrest in all parental cells. Furthermore, gene expression and the importance of key genes in PDAC tumorigenesis were analyzed combining RT-qPCR in eight PDAC cell lines with publicly available datasets (TCGA, GEO, CCLE). Surprisingly, we found a better overall survival in patients with high NK1R levels, while at the same time, NK1R was significantly decreased in PDAC tissue compared to normal tissue. Interestingly, there is currently no differentiation between the isoforms of NK1R (truncated and full; NK1R-tr and -fl) in any of the indicated public transcriptomic records, although many publications already emphasize on important regulatory differences between the two isoforms of NK1R in many cancer entities. In conclusion, analysis of splice variants might potentially lead to a stratification of PDAC patients for NK1R-directed therapies. Furthermore, we presume PDAC patients with high expressions of NK1R-tr might benefit from treatment with AP to improve chemoresistance. Therefore, analysis of splice variants might potentially lead to a stratification of PDAC patients for NK1R-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Beirith
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Bernhard W. Renz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
- German Center for Translations Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Shristee Mudusetti
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Natalja Sergejewna Ring
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Julian Kolorz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Laboratories, von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Dominik Koch
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
- German Center for Translations Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Berger
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Laboratories, von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.K.); (M.B.)
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplant Surgery, Essen University Hospital, 45417 Essen, Germany
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Martin K. Angele
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Jan G. D’Haese
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Markus O. Guba
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Hanno Niess
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Joachim Andrassy
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
- German Center for Translations Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
- German Center for Translations Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-089-4400-711218
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175
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Pernik MN, Bird CE, Traylor JI, Shi DD, Richardson TE, McBrayer SK, Abdullah KG. Patient-Derived Cancer Organoids for Precision Oncology Treatment. J Pers Med 2021; 11:423. [PMID: 34067714 PMCID: PMC8156513 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of three-dimensional human organoids has opened the door for the development of patient-derived cancer organoid (PDO) models, which closely recapitulate parental tumor tissue. The mainstays of preclinical cancer modeling include in vitro cell lines and patient-derived xenografts, but these models lack the cellular heterogeneity seen in human tumors. Moreover, xenograft establishment is resource and time intensive, rendering these models difficult to use to inform clinical trials and decisions. PDOs, however, can be created efficiently and retain tumor-specific properties such as cellular heterogeneity, cell-cell and cell-stroma interactions, the tumor microenvironment, and therapeutic responsiveness. PDO models and drug-screening protocols have been described for several solid tumors and, more recently, for gliomas. Since PDOs can be developed in clinically relevant time frames and share many characteristics of parent tumors, they may enhance the ability to provide precision oncologic care for patients. This review explores the current literature on cancer organoids, highlighting the history of PDO development, organoid models of glioma, and potential clinical applications of PDOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark N. Pernik
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (M.N.P.); (C.E.B.); (J.I.T.)
| | - Cylaina E. Bird
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (M.N.P.); (C.E.B.); (J.I.T.)
| | - Jeffrey I. Traylor
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (M.N.P.); (C.E.B.); (J.I.T.)
| | - Diana D. Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Timothy E. Richardson
- Biggs Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Samuel K. McBrayer
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Kalil G. Abdullah
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (M.N.P.); (C.E.B.); (J.I.T.)
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
- O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
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176
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Holland AM, Bon-Frauches AC, Keszthelyi D, Melotte V, Boesmans W. The enteric nervous system in gastrointestinal disease etiology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4713-4733. [PMID: 33770200 PMCID: PMC8195951 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03812-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A highly conserved but convoluted network of neurons and glial cells, the enteric nervous system (ENS), is positioned along the wall of the gut to coordinate digestive processes and gastrointestinal homeostasis. Because ENS components are in charge of the autonomous regulation of gut function, it is inevitable that their dysfunction is central to the pathophysiology and symptom generation of gastrointestinal disease. While for neurodevelopmental disorders such as Hirschsprung, ENS pathogenesis appears to be clear-cut, the role for impaired ENS activity in the etiology of other gastrointestinal disorders is less established and is often deemed secondary to other insults like intestinal inflammation. However, mounting experimental evidence in recent years indicates that gastrointestinal homeostasis hinges on multifaceted connections between the ENS, and other cellular networks such as the intestinal epithelium, the immune system, and the intestinal microbiome. Derangement of these interactions could underlie gastrointestinal disease onset and elicit variable degrees of abnormal gut function, pinpointing, perhaps unexpectedly, the ENS as a diligent participant in idiopathic but also in inflammatory and cancerous diseases of the gut. In this review, we discuss the latest evidence on the role of the ENS in the pathogenesis of enteric neuropathies, disorders of gut-brain interaction, inflammatory bowel diseases, and colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Marie Holland
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ana Carina Bon-Frauches
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Keszthelyi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, NUTRIM-School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Veerle Melotte
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Werend Boesmans
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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177
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Dlamini Z, Mathabe K, Padayachy L, Marima R, Evangelou G, Syrigos KN, Bianchi A, Lolas G, Hull R. Many Voices in a Choir: Tumor-Induced Neurogenesis and Neuronal Driven Alternative Splicing Sound Like Suspects in Tumor Growth and Dissemination. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092138. [PMID: 33946706 PMCID: PMC8125307 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Significant progress has recently been made in understanding the role of the neuronal system in cancer biology, in many solid tumors such as prostate, breast, pancreatic, gastric and brain cancers. Solid tumors and the nervous system appear to influence each other’s development both directly and indirectly. A recurring element in such interactions is constituted by nerve-related substances such as neurotransmitters and neurotrophins, to which the first part of the current review is devoted. The second part of the review focuses on the potential role played by alternative splicing in cancer progression associated with neural signaling. Alternative splicing is the process where pre-mRNA is cut and re-ligated in different ways to give rise to multiple protein isoforms whose expression profile is often cancer specific. Alternative splicing is known to take place in the mRNA of genes that code for proteins involved in neuronal development and the creation of new nerve fibers. The change in alternative splicing patterns that occur as tumors develop and progress may make these splice variants potential targets for the development of drug treatments. They may also serve as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. Abstract During development, as tissues expand and grow, they require circulatory, lymphatic, and nervous system expansion for proper function and support. Similarly, as tumors arise and develop, they also require the expansion of these systems to support them. While the contribution of blood and lymphatic systems to the development and progression of cancer is well known and is targeted with anticancer drugs, the contribution of the nervous system is less well studied and understood. Recent studies have shown that the interaction between neurons and a tumor are bilateral and promote metastasis on one hand, and the formation of new nerve structures (neoneurogenesis) on the other. Substances such as neurotransmitters and neurotrophins being the main actors in such interplay, it seems reasonable to expect that alternative splicing and the different populations of protein isoforms can affect tumor-derived neurogenesis. Here, we report the different, documented ways in which neurons contribute to the development and progression of cancer and investigate what is currently known regarding cancer-neuronal interaction in several specific cancer types. Furthermore, we discuss the incidence of alternative splicing that have been identified as playing a role in tumor-induced neoneurogenesis, cancer development and progression. Several examples of changes in alternative splicing that give rise to different isoforms in nerve tissue that support cancer progression, growth and development have also been investigated. Finally, we discuss the potential of our knowledge in alternative splicing to improve tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (K.M.); (L.P.); (R.M.); (G.L.); (R.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kgomotso Mathabe
- SAMRC Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (K.M.); (L.P.); (R.M.); (G.L.); (R.H.)
- Department of Urology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0084, South Africa
| | - Llewellyn Padayachy
- SAMRC Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (K.M.); (L.P.); (R.M.); (G.L.); (R.H.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0084, South Africa
| | - Rahaba Marima
- SAMRC Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (K.M.); (L.P.); (R.M.); (G.L.); (R.H.)
| | - George Evangelou
- 3rd Department of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.E.); (K.N.S.)
| | - Konstantinos N. Syrigos
- 3rd Department of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.E.); (K.N.S.)
| | | | - Georgios Lolas
- SAMRC Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (K.M.); (L.P.); (R.M.); (G.L.); (R.H.)
- 3rd Department of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.E.); (K.N.S.)
| | - Rodney Hull
- SAMRC Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (K.M.); (L.P.); (R.M.); (G.L.); (R.H.)
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178
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Venkataramani V, Tanev DI, Kuner T, Wick W, Winkler F. Synaptic input to brain tumors: clinical implications. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:23-33. [PMID: 32623467 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent discovery of synaptic connections between neurons and brain tumor cells fundamentally challenges our understanding of gliomas and brain metastases and shows how these tumors can integrate into complex neuronal circuits. Here, we provide an overview of glutamatergic neuron-to-brain tumor synaptic communication (NBTSC) and explore novel therapeutic avenues. First, we summarize current concepts of direct synaptic interactions between presynaptic neurons and postsynaptic glioma cells, and indirect perisynaptic input to metastatic breast cancer cells. We explain how these novel structures drive brain tumor growth and invasion. Second, a vicious cycle of enhanced neuronal activity, including tumor-related epilepsy, and glioma progression is described. Finally, we discuss which future avenues to target NBTSC appear most promising. All in all, further characterization of NBTSC and the exploration of NBTSC-inhibiting therapies have the potential to reveal critical vulnerabilities of yet incurable brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Venkataramani
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dimitar Ivanov Tanev
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kuner
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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179
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Zharinov GM, Khalchitsky SE, Loktionov A, Sogoyan MV, Khutoryanskaya YV, Neklasova NY, Bogomolov OA, Smirnov IV, Samoilovich MP, Skakun VN, Vissarionov SV, Anisimov VN. The presence of polymorphisms in genes controlling neurotransmitter metabolism and disease prognosis in patients with prostate cancer: a possible link with schizophrenia. Oncotarget 2021; 12:698-707. [PMID: 33868590 PMCID: PMC8021032 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms of neurotransmitter metabolism genes were studied in patients with prostate cancer (PC) characterized by either reduced or extended serum prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT) corresponding to unfavorable and favorable disease prognosis respectively. The ‘unfavorable prognosis’ group (40 cases) was defined by PSADT ≤ 2 months, whereas patients in the ‘favorable prognosis’ group (67 cases) had PSADT ≥ 30 months. The following gene polymorphisms known to be associated with neuropsychiatric disorders were investigated: a) the STin2 VNTR in the serotonin transporter SLC6A4 gene; b) the 30-bp VNTR in the monoamine oxidase A MAOA gene; c) the Val158Met polymorphism in the catechol-ortho-methyltransferase COMT gene; d) the promoter region C-521T polymorphism and the 48 VNTR in the third exon of the dopamine receptor DRD4 gene. The STin2 12R/10R variant of the SLC6A4 gene (OR = 2.278; 95% CI = 0.953–5.444) and the -521T/T homozygosity of the DRD4 gene (OR = 1.579; 95% CI = 0.663–3.761) tended to be overrepresented in PC patients with unfavorable disease prognosis. These gene variants are regarded as protective against schizophrenia, and the observed trend may be directly related to a reduced PC risk described for schizophrenia patients. These results warrant further investigation of the potential role of neurotransmitter metabolism gene polymorphisms in PC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennady M Zharinov
- A.M. Granov Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pesochny, St. Petersburg, 197758, Russia.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Sergei E Khalchitsky
- H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children's Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196603, Russia.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Alexandre Loktionov
- DiagNodus Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Marina V Sogoyan
- H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children's Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196603, Russia
| | - Yulia V Khutoryanskaya
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, 194100, Russia
| | - Natalia Yu Neklasova
- A.M. Granov Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pesochny, St. Petersburg, 197758, Russia
| | - Oleg A Bogomolov
- A.M. Granov Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pesochny, St. Petersburg, 197758, Russia
| | - Ilya V Smirnov
- A.M. Granov Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pesochny, St. Petersburg, 197758, Russia
| | - Marina P Samoilovich
- A.M. Granov Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pesochny, St. Petersburg, 197758, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Skakun
- Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Veliky Novgorod, 173003, Russia
| | - Sergei V Vissarionov
- H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children's Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196603, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Anisimov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Pesochny, St. Petersburg, 197758, Russia
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180
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Qiao G, Chen M, Mohammadpour H, MacDonald CR, Bucsek MJ, Hylander BL, Barbi JJ, Repasky EA. Chronic Adrenergic Stress Contributes to Metabolic Dysfunction and an Exhausted Phenotype in T Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancer Immunol Res 2021; 9:651-664. [PMID: 33762351 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-20-0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction and exhaustion in tumor-infiltrating T cells have been linked to ineffectual antitumor immunity and the failure of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. We report here that chronic stress plays a previously unrecognized role in regulating the state of T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Using two mouse tumor models, we found that blocking chronic adrenergic stress signaling using the pan β-blocker propranolol or by using mice lacking the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) results in reduced tumor growth rates with significantly fewer tumor-infiltrating T cells that express markers of exhaustion, with a concomitant increase in progenitor exhausted T cells. We also report that blocking β-AR signaling in mice increases glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), which associated with increased expression of the costimulatory molecule CD28 and increased antitumor effector functions, including increased cytokine production. Using T cells from Nur77-GFP reporter mice to monitor T-cell activation, we observed that stress-induced β-AR signaling suppresses T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Together, these data suggest that chronic stress-induced adrenergic receptor signaling serves as a "checkpoint" of immune responses and contributes to immunosuppression in the TME by promoting T-cell metabolic dysfunction and exhaustion. These results also support the possibility that chronic stress, which unfortunately is increased in many patients with cancer following their diagnoses, could be exerting a major negative influence on the outcome of therapies that depend upon the status of TILs and support the use of strategies to reduce stress or β-AR signaling in combination with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxi Qiao
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Minhui Chen
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Hemn Mohammadpour
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Cameron R MacDonald
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Mark J Bucsek
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Bonnie L Hylander
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Joseph J Barbi
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Elizabeth A Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York.
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181
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Chen J, Cho KE, Skwarzynska D, Clancy S, Conley NJ, Clinton SM, Li X, Lin L, Zhu JJ. The Property-Based Practical Applications and Solutions of Genetically Encoded Acetylcholine and Monoamine Sensors. J Neurosci 2021; 41:2318-2328. [PMID: 33627325 PMCID: PMC7984589 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1062-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromodulatory communication among various neurons and non-neuronal cells mediates myriad physiological and pathologic processes, yet defining regulatory and functional features of neuromodulatory transmission remains challenging because of limitations of available monitoring tools. Recently developed genetically encoded neuromodulatory transmitter sensors, when combined with superresolution and/or deconvolution microscopy, allow the first visualization of neuromodulatory transmission with nanoscale or microscale spatiotemporal resolution. In vitro and in vivo experiments have validated several high-performing sensors to have the qualities necessary for demarcating fundamental synaptic properties of neuromodulatory transmission, and initial analysis has unveiled unexpected fine control and precision of neuromodulation. These new findings underscore the importance of synaptic dynamics in synapse-, subcellular-, and circuit-specific neuromodulation, as well as the prospect of genetically encoded transmitter sensors in expanding our knowledge of various behaviors and diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, sleeping disorders, tumorigenesis, and many others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| | - Katriel E Cho
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
- Tools for Modern Neurobiology Class of 2020, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| | - Daria Skwarzynska
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
- Tools for Modern Neurobiology Class of 2020, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| | - Shaylyn Clancy
- Tools for Modern Neurobiology Class of 2020, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
- Cell and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| | - Nicholas J Conley
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
- Tools for Modern Neurobiology Class of 2020, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| | - Sarah M Clinton
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - Xiaokun Li
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - J Julius Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
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182
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Yip HYK, Papa A. Signaling Pathways in Cancer: Therapeutic Targets, Combinatorial Treatments, and New Developments. Cells 2021; 10:659. [PMID: 33809714 PMCID: PMC8002322 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular alterations in cancer genes and associated signaling pathways are used to inform new treatments for precision medicine in cancer. Small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies directed at relevant cancer-related proteins have been instrumental in delivering successful treatments of some blood malignancies (e.g., imatinib with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)) and solid tumors (e.g., tamoxifen with ER positive breast cancer and trastuzumab for HER2-positive breast cancer). However, inherent limitations such as drug toxicity, as well as acquisition of de novo or acquired mechanisms of resistance, still cause treatment failure. Here we provide an up-to-date review of the successes and limitations of current targeted therapies for cancer treatment and highlight how recent technological advances have provided a new level of understanding of the molecular complexity underpinning resistance to cancer therapies. We also raise three basic questions concerning cancer drug discovery based on molecular markers and alterations of selected signaling pathways, and further discuss how combination therapies may become the preferable approach over monotherapy for cancer treatments. Finally, we consider novel therapeutic developments that may complement drug delivery and significantly improve clinical response and outcomes of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Papa
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia;
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183
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Modulating the Heat Stress Response to Improve Hyperthermia-Based Anticancer Treatments. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061243. [PMID: 33808973 PMCID: PMC8001574 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hyperthermia is a method to expose a tumor to elevated temperatures. Heating of the tumor promotes the effects of various treatment regimens that are based on chemo and radiotherapy. Several aspects, however, limit the efficacy of hyperthermia-based treatments. This review provides an overview of the effects and limitations of hyperthermia and discusses how current drawbacks of the therapy can potentially be counteracted by inhibiting the heat stress response—a mechanism that cells activate to defend themselves against hyperthermia. Abstract Cancer treatments based on mild hyperthermia (39–43 °C, HT) are applied to a widening range of cancer types, but several factors limit their efficacy and slow down more widespread adoption. These factors include difficulties in adequate heat delivery, a short therapeutic window and the acquisition of thermotolerance by cancer cells. Here, we explore the biological effects of HT, the cellular responses to these effects and their clinically-relevant consequences. We then identify the heat stress response—the cellular defense mechanism that detects and counteracts the effects of heat—as one of the major forces limiting the efficacy of HT-based therapies and propose targeting this mechanism as a potentially universal strategy for improving their efficacy.
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184
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Phillips JA, Hutchings C, Djamgoz MBA. Clinical Potential of Nerve Input to Tumors: A Bioelectricity Perspective. Bioelectricity 2021; 3:14-26. [PMID: 34476375 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2020.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We support the notion that the neural connections of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the associated 'bioelectricity' play significant role in the pathophysiology of cancer. In several cancers, the nerve input promotes the cancer process. While straightforward surgical denervation of tumors, therefore, could improve prognosis, resulting side effects of such a procedure would be unpredictable and irreversible. On the other hand, tumor innervation can be manipulated effectively for therapeutic purposes by alternative novel approaches broadly termed "electroceuticals." In this perspective, we evaluate the clinical potential of targeting the TME first through manipulation of the nerve input itself and second by application of electric fields directly to the tumor. The former encompasses several different biophysical and biochemical approaches. These include implantable devices, nanoparticles, and electroactive polymers, as well as optogenetics and chemogenetics. As regard bioelectrical manipulation of the tumor itself, the "tumor-treating field" technique, applied to gliomas commonly in combination with chemotherapy, is evaluated. Also, as electroceuticals, drugs acting on ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors are highlighted for completeness. It is concluded, first, that electroceuticals comprise a broad range of biomedical tools. Second, such electroceuticals present significant clinical potential for exploiting the neural component of the TME as a strategy against cancer. Finally, the inherent bioelectric characteristics of tumors themselves are also amenable to complementary approaches. Collectively, these represent an evolving, dynamic field and further progress and applications can be expected to follow both conceptually and technically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade A Phillips
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Hutchings
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mustafa B A Djamgoz
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Biotechnology Research Center, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, North Cyprus
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185
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Guo JA, Hoffman HI, Shroff SG, Chen P, Hwang PG, Kim DY, Kim DW, Cheng SW, Zhao D, Mahal BA, Alshalalfa M, Niemierko A, Wo JY, Loeffler JS, Fernandez-Del Castillo C, Jacks T, Aguirre AJ, Hong TS, Mino-Kenudson M, Hwang WL. Pan-cancer Transcriptomic Predictors of Perineural Invasion Improve Occult Histopathologic Detection. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:2807-2815. [PMID: 33632928 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Perineural invasion (PNI) is associated with aggressive tumor behavior, recurrence, and metastasis, and can influence the administration of adjuvant treatment. However, standard histopathologic examination has limited sensitivity in detecting PNI and does not provide insights into its mechanistic underpinnings. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A multivariate Cox regression was performed to validate associations between PNI and survival in 2,029 patients across 12 cancer types. Differential expression and gene set enrichment analysis were used to learn PNI-associated programs. Machine learning models were applied to build a PNI gene expression classifier. A blinded re-review of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides by a board-certified pathologist helped determine whether the classifier could improve occult histopathologic detection of PNI. RESULTS PNI associated with both poor overall survival [HR, 1.73; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-2.36; P < 0.001] and disease-free survival (HR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.38-2.32; P < 0.001). Neural-like, prosurvival, and invasive programs were enriched in PNI-positive tumors (P adj < 0.001). Although PNI-associated features likely reflect in part the increased presence of nerves, many differentially expressed genes mapped specifically to malignant cells from single-cell atlases. A PNI gene expression classifier was derived using random forest and evaluated as a tool for occult histopathologic detection. On a blinded H&E re-review of sections initially described as PNI negative, more specimens were reannotated as PNI positive in the high classifier score cohort compared with the low-scoring cohort (P = 0.03, Fisher exact test). CONCLUSIONS This study provides salient biological insights regarding PNI and demonstrates a role for gene expression classifiers to augment detection of histopathologic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy A Guo
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hannah I Hoffman
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stuti G Shroff
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter Chen
- Raytheon Technologies, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Peter G Hwang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel Y Kim
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel W Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Daniel Zhao
- New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Brandon A Mahal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Mohammed Alshalalfa
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Andrzej Niemierko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Y Wo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jay S Loeffler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Tyler Jacks
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew J Aguirre
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Theodore S Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - William L Hwang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts. .,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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186
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Tan X, Sivakumar S, Bednarsch J, Wiltberger G, Kather JN, Niehues J, de Vos-Geelen J, Valkenburg-van Iersel L, Kintsler S, Roeth A, Hao G, Lang S, Coolsen ME, den Dulk M, Aberle MR, Koolen J, Gaisa NT, Olde Damink SWM, Neumann UP, Heij LR. Nerve fibers in the tumor microenvironment in neurotropic cancer-pancreatic cancer and cholangiocarcinoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:899-908. [PMID: 33288884 PMCID: PMC7862068 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are both deadly cancers and they share many biological features besides their close anatomical location. One of the main histological features is neurotropism, which results in frequent perineural invasion. The underlying mechanism of cancer cells favoring growth by and through the nerve fibers is not fully understood. In this review, we provide knowledge of these cancers with frequent perineural invasion. We discuss nerve fiber crosstalk with the main different components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), the immune cells, and the fibroblasts. Also, we discuss the crosstalk between the nerve fibers and the cancer. We highlight the shared signaling pathways of the mechanisms behind perineural invasion in PDAC and CCA. Hereby we have focussed on signaling neurotransmitters and neuropeptides which may be a target for future therapies. Furthermore, we have summarized retrospective results of the previous literature about nerve fibers in PDAC and CCA patients. We provide our point of view in the potential for nerve fibers to be used as powerful biomarker for prognosis, as a tool to stratify patients for therapy or as a target in a (combination) therapy. Taking the presence of nerves into account can potentially change the field of personalized care in these neurotropic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiang Tan
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Shivan Sivakumar
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jan Bednarsch
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Georg Wiltberger
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Jan Niehues
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Judith de Vos-Geelen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Liselot Valkenburg-van Iersel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Svetlana Kintsler
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anjali Roeth
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Guangshan Hao
- Translational Neurosurgery and Neurobiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sven Lang
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mariëlle E Coolsen
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel den Dulk
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Merel R Aberle
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jarne Koolen
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nadine T Gaisa
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Steven W M Olde Damink
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ulf P Neumann
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lara R Heij
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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187
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Liu X, Zhang W, Zheng W, Jiang X. Micropatterned Coculture Platform for Screening Nerve-Related Anticancer Drugs. ACS NANO 2021; 15:637-649. [PMID: 33435673 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the neural microenvironment plays a vital role in the development and metastasis of cancers. The development of drug candidates or drug combinations targeting the neural microenvironment is thus becoming increasingly urgent. However, the low content of conventional drug screening platforms is a bottleneck that limits the drug evaluation process. In this study, we present a micropatterned coculture-based high-content (μCHC) platform by integrating a micropatterned coculture chip with the high-content analysis (HCA) system, for studying the neuron-cancer cell interactions and drug screening (simultaneously detecting 96 kinds of post-drug-treated conditions). We investigate the contribution of neurons on the migration of cancer cells from different tissues and validate the capability of the μCHC system to study the interaction between neurons and cancer cells. Moreover, we test the effects of individual or combinatory agents targeting the neuron or cancer cell on the neuron-cancer cell interactions, which proposes an optimized therapy regime for targeting both nervous and cancerous factors. Our study suggests that the μCHC system is a facile platform for screening drug candidates or drug combinations for clinical cancer therapy with high efficiency and fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Road, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P. R. China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wenfu Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Road, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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188
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Rabben HL, Andersen GT, Olsen MK, Øverby A, Ianevski A, Kainov D, Wang TC, Lundgren S, Grønbech JE, Chen D, Zhao CM. Neural signaling modulates metabolism of gastric cancer. iScience 2021; 24:102091. [PMID: 33598644 PMCID: PMC7869004 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors comprise cancer cells and the associated stromal and immune/inflammatory cells, i.e., tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we identify a metabolic signature of human and mouse model of gastric cancer and show that vagotomy in the mouse model reverses the metabolic reprogramming, reflected by metabolic switch from glutaminolysis to OXPHOS/glycolysis and normalization of the energy metabolism in cancer cells and TME. We next identify and validate SNAP25, mTOR, PDP1/α-KGDH, and glutaminolysis as drug targets and accordingly propose a therapeutic strategy to target the nerve-cancer metabolism. We demonstrate the efficacy of nerve-cancer metabolism therapy by intratumoral injection of BoNT-A (SNAP25 inhibitor) with systemic administration of RAD001 and CPI-613 but not cytotoxic drugs on overall survival in mice and show the feasibility in patients. These findings point to the importance of neural signaling in modulating the tumor metabolism and provide a rational basis for clinical translation of the potential strategy for gastric cancer. Metabolic reprogramming in gastric cancer cells and tumor microenvironment SNAP25, mTOR, PDP1/α-KGDH, and glutaminolysis as potential drug targets Combination of botulinum toxin type A, RAD001, and CPI-613 as a potential treatment
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne-Line Rabben
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,The Central Norway Regional Health Authority, Norway
| | - Gøran Troseth Andersen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Magnus Kringstad Olsen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anders Øverby
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Aleksandr Ianevski
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Denis Kainov
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Timothy Cragin Wang
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032-3802, USA
| | - Steinar Lundgren
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,Cancer Clinic, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jon Erik Grønbech
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,Surgical Clinic, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Duan Chen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Chun-Mei Zhao
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,The Central Norway Regional Health Authority, Norway
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189
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Role of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves in the development of gastric cancer through antagonism. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:908-909. [PMID: 33470652 PMCID: PMC8078313 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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190
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The Emerging Role of Nerves and Glia in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13010152. [PMID: 33466373 PMCID: PMC7796331 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The influence of nerves on different types of cancers, including colorectal cancer, is increasingly recognized. The intestines are highly innervated, both from outside the intestines (extrinsic innervation) and by a nervous system of their own; the enteric nervous system (intrinsic innervation). Nerves and cancer cells have been described to communicate with each other, although the exact mechanism in colorectal cancer is not yet explored. Nerves can enhance cancer progression by secreting signaling molecules, and cancer cells are capable of stimulating nerve growth. This review summarizes the innervation of the intestines and current knowledge on the role of the nervous system in colorectal cancer. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of these new insights is discussed. Abstract The role of the nervous system as a contributor in the tumor microenvironment has been recognized in different cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The gastrointestinal tract is a highly innervated organ system, which is not only innervated by the autonomic nervous system, but also contains an extensive nervous system of its own; the enteric nervous system (ENS). The ENS is important for gut function and homeostasis by regulating processes such as fluid absorption, blood flow, and gut motility. Dysfunction of the ENS has been linked with multiple gastrointestinal diseases, such as Hirschsprung disease and inflammatory bowel disease, and even with neurodegenerative disorders. How the extrinsic and intrinsic innervation of the gut contributes to CRC is not fully understood, although a mutual relationship between cancer cells and nerves has been described. Nerves enhance cancer progression through the secretion of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides, and cancer cells are capable of stimulating nerve growth. This review summarizes and discusses the nervous system innervation of the gastrointestinal tract and how it can influence carcinogenesis, and vice versa. Lastly, the therapeutic potential of these novel insights is discussed.
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191
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Pineda-Farias JB, Saloman JL, Scheff NN. Animal Models of Cancer-Related Pain: Current Perspectives in Translation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:610894. [PMID: 33381048 PMCID: PMC7768910 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.610894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of pain in cancer patients during diagnosis and treatment is exceedingly high. Although advances in cancer detection and therapy have improved patient prognosis, cancer and its treatment-associated pain have gained clinical prominence. The biological mechanisms involved in cancer-related pain are multifactorial; different processes for pain may be responsible depending on the type and anatomic location of cancer. Animal models of cancer-related pain have provided mechanistic insights into the development and process of pain under a dynamic molecular environment. However, while cancer-evoked nociceptive responses in animals reflect some of the patients’ symptoms, the current models have failed to address the complexity of interactions within the natural disease state. Although there has been a recent convergence of the investigation of carcinogenesis and pain neurobiology, identification of new targets for novel therapies to treat cancer-related pain requires standardization of methodologies within the cancer pain field as well as across disciplines. Limited success of translation from preclinical studies to the clinic may be due to our poor understanding of the crosstalk between cancer cells and their microenvironment (e.g., sensory neurons, infiltrating immune cells, stromal cells etc.). This relatively new line of inquiry also highlights the broader limitations in translatability and interpretation of basic cancer pain research. The goal of this review is to summarize recent findings in cancer pain based on preclinical animal models, discuss the translational benefit of these discoveries, and propose considerations for future translational models of cancer pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge B Pineda-Farias
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jami L Saloman
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Nicole N Scheff
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medicine Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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192
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Zhu Z, Yu R, Yang C, Li D, Wang J, Yang W, Ji Y, Wang L, Wang Y, Jiang F. Stress-related hormone reduces autophagy through the regulation of phosphatidylethanolamine in breast cancer cells. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:149. [PMID: 33569451 PMCID: PMC7867925 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-8176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background An increasing number of studies indicate that adrenergic signaling plays a fundamental role in tumor progression and metastasis induced by chronic stress. However, despite the growing attention, an understanding of the mechanisms linking chronic stress and cancer is still insufficient. Methods Western blot analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe the changes in autophagy level in a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) after epinephrine treatment. Non-targeted metabolomics was also used to detect MCF-7 metabolites after epinephrine treatment. The xenograft model was used to detect the level of autophagy after epinephrine intervention. Results The results showed that epinephrine treatment reduced the autophagy level of breast cancer cells. Epinephrine changed the level of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in breast cancer cells as detected by non-targeted metabolomics. Epinephrine also changed autophagy in breast cancer cells by decreasing the level of PE in cells. When autophagy decreased, the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells increased in vitro, and the progression of breast cancer accelerated in vivo. Conclusions These findings suggest that stress-related hormones affect the tumor progression of breast cancer. Therefore, strengthening the emotional management strategies of patients during the process of antitumor treatment as a supplement to the existing treatments may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruihua Yu
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Li
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonghua Ji
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaosheng Wang
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
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193
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Pfitzinger PL, Fangmann L, Wang K, Demir E, Gürlevik E, Fleischmann-Mundt B, Brooks J, D'Haese JG, Teller S, Hecker A, Jesinghaus M, Jäger C, Ren L, Istvanffy R, Kühnel F, Friess H, Ceyhan GO, Demir IE. Indirect cholinergic activation slows down pancreatic cancer growth and tumor-associated inflammation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:289. [PMID: 33357230 PMCID: PMC7758936 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Nerve-cancer interactions are increasingly recognized to be of paramount importance for the emergence and progression of pancreatic cancer (PCa). Here, we investigated the role of indirect cholinergic activation on PCa progression through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) via clinically available AChE-inhibitors, i.e. physostigmine and pyridostigmine. Methods We applied immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, MTT-viability, invasion, flow-cytometric-cell-cycle-assays, phospho-kinase arrays, multiplex ELISA and xenografted mice to assess the impact of AChE inhibition on PCa cell growth and invasiveness, and tumor-associated inflammation. Survival analyses were performed in a novel genetically-induced, surgically-resectable mouse model of PCa under adjuvant treatment with gemcitabine+/−physostigmine/pyridostigmine (n = 30 mice). Human PCa specimens (n = 39) were analyzed for the impact of cancer AChE expression on tumor stage and survival. Results We discovered a strong expression of AChE in cancer cells of human PCa specimens. Inhibition of this cancer-cell-intrinsic AChE via pyridostigmine and physostigmine, or administration of acetylcholine (ACh), diminished PCa cell viability and invasion in vitro and in vivo via suppression of pERK signaling, and reduced tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration and serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. In the novel genetically-induced, surgically-resectable PCa mouse model, adjuvant co-therapy with AChE blockers had no impact on survival. Accordingly, survival of resected PCa patients did not differ based on tumor AChE expression levels. Patients with higher-stage PCa also exhibited loss of the ACh-synthesizing enzyme, choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT), in their nerves. Conclusion For future clinical trials of PCa, direct cholinergic stimulation of the muscarinic signaling, rather than indirect activation via AChE blockade, may be a more effective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo L Pfitzinger
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Fangmann
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Kun Wang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Hepatic, Biliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100710, China
| | - Elke Demir
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Engin Gürlevik
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bettina Fleischmann-Mundt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer Brooks
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan G D'Haese
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Teller
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Hecker
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Moritz Jesinghaus
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Jäger
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.,Department of General Surgery (Gastrointestinal Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Rouzanna Istvanffy
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kühnel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,CRC 1321 Modelling and Targeting Pancreatic Cancer, Munich, Germany
| | - Güralp Onur Ceyhan
- Department of General Surgery, HPB-Unit, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ihsan Ekin Demir
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany. .,CRC 1321 Modelling and Targeting Pancreatic Cancer, Munich, Germany. .,Department of General Surgery, HPB-Unit, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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194
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Astanina E, Bussolino F, Doronzo G. Multifaceted activities of transcription factor EB in cancer onset and progression. Mol Oncol 2020; 15:327-346. [PMID: 33252196 PMCID: PMC7858119 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB) represents an emerging player in cancer biology. Together with microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor, transcription factor E3 and transcription factor EC, TFEB belongs to the microphthalmia family of bHLH‐leucine zipper transcription factors that may be implicated in human melanomas, renal and pancreatic cancers. TFEB was originally described as being translocated in a juvenile subset of pediatric renal cell carcinoma; however, whole‐genome sequencing reported that somatic mutations were sporadically found in many different cancers. Besides its oncogenic activity, TFEB controls the autophagy‐lysosomal pathway by recognizing a recurrent motif present in the promoter regions of a set of genes that participate in lysosome biogenesis; furthermore, its dysregulation was found to have a crucial pathogenic role in different tumors by modulating the autophagy process. Other than regulating cancer cell‐autonomous responses, recent findings indicate that TFEB participates in the regulation of cellular functions of the tumor microenvironment. Here, we review the emerging role of TFEB in regulating cancer cell behavior and choreographing tumor–microenvironment interaction. Recognizing TFEB as a hub of network of signals exchanged within the tumor between cancer and stroma cells provides a fresh perspective on the molecular principles of tumor self‐organization, promising to reveal numerous new and potentially druggable vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Astanina
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Doronzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Italy
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195
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Chen M, Singh AK, Repasky EA. Highlighting the Potential for Chronic Stress to Minimize Therapeutic Responses to Radiotherapy through Increased Immunosuppression and Radiation Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3853. [PMID: 33419318 PMCID: PMC7767049 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation has been used in the treatment of cancer for more than 100 years. While often very effective, there is still a great effort in place to improve the efficacy of radiation therapy for controlling the progression and recurrence of tumors. Recent research has revealed the close interaction between nerves and tumor progression, especially nerves of the autonomic nervous system that are activated by a variety of stressful stimuli including anxiety, pain, sleep loss or depression, each of which is likely to be increased in cancer patients. A growing literature now points to a negative effect of chronic stressful stimuli in tumor progression. In this review article, we present data on the potential for adrenergic stress to influence the efficacy of radiation and in particular, its potential to influence the anti-tumor immune response, and the frequency of an "abscopal effect" or the shrinkage of tumors which are outside an irradiated field. We conclude that chronic stress can be a major impediment to more effective radiation therapy through mechanisms involving immunosuppression and increased resistance to radiation-induced tumor cell death. Overall, these data highlight the potential value of stress reduction strategies to improve the outcome of radiation therapy. At the same time, objective biomarkers that can accurately and objectively reflect the degree of stress in patients over prolonged periods of time, and whether it is influencing immunosuppression and radiation resistance, are also critically needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhui Chen
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA;
| | - Anurag K. Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA;
| | - Elizabeth A. Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA;
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196
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Wang X, Qiu Z, Ji X, Ning W, An Y, Wang S, Zhang H. A novel workflow for cancer blood biomarker identification. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1430. [PMID: 33313175 PMCID: PMC7723582 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-2047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Over the last few years, great progress has been made in the development of key technologies to detect peripheral blood-based, tumor-specific biomarkers, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating cell free tumor DNA (ctDNA). Despite the considerable advances and their multiple clinical values, liquid biopsies are challenged by the very low concentrations of CTCs and ctDNA in blood samples. Additionally, blood biomarkers which were found using data-driven methods may only be effective in few datasets. Methods We firstly collected the genes which have expression correlations between blood and the other tissues/organs using Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx). Survival hazard genes and differential expression genes of each cancer type in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were then selected by Cox regression model and Wilcoxon rank sum test, respectively. By combining the P values of two steps, several blood biomarkers can be inferred for each cancer type. After applying these potential blood biomarker sets to 13 datasets of blood samples from solid tumor patients using single sample gene set enrichment analyses (ssGSEA), we got an enrichment score (ES) for each sample. Results The inferred blood biomarker (BB infer) genes showed reliable predictive value in various malignancies. In all the blood samples that were analyzed, the ESs of positive BB Infer genes in cancer patients are higher than healthy people. Conversely, the ESs of negative BB Infer genes in cancer patients are lower than healthy people. Furthermore, lower ES of negative BB infer genes signify the dismal outcome of patients. Conclusions We developed a novel solid tumor blood biomarker inference workflow for cancer screening and diagnosis. Moreover, we demonstrated the utility of this inference method in a series of blood sample datasets of solid tumor patients. These results suggested the potential value of this method in the screening, diagnosis and prognosis of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangwen Ji
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weihai Ning
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yihua An
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shengdian Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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197
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Hunt PJ, Kabotyanski KE, Calin GA, Xie T, Myers JN, Amit M. Interrupting Neuron-Tumor Interactions to Overcome Treatment Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3741. [PMID: 33322770 PMCID: PMC7762969 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons in the tumor microenvironment release neurotransmitters, neuroligins, chemokines, soluble growth factors, and membrane-bound growth factors that solid tumors leverage to drive their own survival and spread. Tumors express nerve-specific growth factors and microRNAs that support local neurons and guide neuronal growth into tumors. The development of feed-forward relationships between tumors and neurons allows tumors to use the perineural space as a sanctuary from therapy. Tumor denervation slows tumor growth in animal models, demonstrating the innervation dependence of growing tumors. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments have identified many of the secreted signaling molecules (e.g., acetylcholine, nerve growth factor) that are passed between neurons and cancer cells, as well as the major signaling pathways (e.g., MAPK/EGFR) involved in these trophic interactions. The molecules involved in these signaling pathways serve as potential biomarkers of disease. Additionally, new treatment strategies focus on using small molecules, receptor agonists, nerve-specific toxins, and surgical interventions to target tumors, neurons, and immune cells of the tumor microenvironment, thereby severing the interactions between tumors and surrounding neurons. This article discusses the mechanisms underlying the trophic relationships formed between neurons and tumors and explores the emerging therapies stemming from this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Hunt
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (P.J.H.); (K.E.K.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Katherine E. Kabotyanski
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (P.J.H.); (K.E.K.)
| | - George A. Calin
- Translational Molecular Pathology, Division of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Tongxin Xie
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.X.); (J.N.M.)
| | - Jeffrey N. Myers
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.X.); (J.N.M.)
| | - Moran Amit
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.X.); (J.N.M.)
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198
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Demir IE, Reyes CM, Alrawashdeh W, Ceyhan GO, Deborde S, Friess H, Görgülü K, Istvanffy R, Jungwirth D, Kuner R, Maryanovich M, Na'ara S, Renders S, Saloman JL, Scheff NN, Steenfadt H, Stupakov P, Thiel V, Verma D, Yilmaz BS, White RA, Wang TC, Wong RJ, Frenette PS, Gil Z, Davis BM. Future directions in preclinical and translational cancer neuroscience research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:1027-1031. [PMID: 34327335 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-020-00146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in cancer neuroscience necessitate the systematic analysis of neural influences in cancer as potential therapeutic targets in oncology. Here, we outline recommendations for future preclinical and translational research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Ekin Demir
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,Department of General Surgery, HPB-Unit, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany.,CRC 1321 Modelling and Targeting Pancreatic Cancer, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Carmen Mota Reyes
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany.,CRC 1321 Modelling and Targeting Pancreatic Cancer, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Wasfi Alrawashdeh
- Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery, The Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, United Kingdom
| | - Güralp O Ceyhan
- Department of General Surgery, HPB-Unit, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sylvie Deborde
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany.,CRC 1321 Modelling and Targeting Pancreatic Cancer, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Kıvanç Görgülü
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Rouzanna Istvanffy
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany.,CRC 1321 Modelling and Targeting Pancreatic Cancer, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - David Jungwirth
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany.,CRC 1321 Modelling and Targeting Pancreatic Cancer, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Rohini Kuner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Maryanovich
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Shorook Na'ara
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, and the Laboratory for Applied Cancer Research, Rappaport Institute of Medicine and Research, The Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Head and Neck Center, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Simon Renders
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jami L Saloman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nicole N Scheff
- Hillman Cancer Center and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hendrik Steenfadt
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany.,CRC 1321 Modelling and Targeting Pancreatic Cancer, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Pavel Stupakov
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany.,CRC 1321 Modelling and Targeting Pancreatic Cancer, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Vera Thiel
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Divij Verma
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Bengi Su Yilmaz
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany.,CRC 1321 Modelling and Targeting Pancreatic Cancer, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Ruth A White
- Division of Hematology ad Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard J Wong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul S Frenette
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ziv Gil
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, and the Laboratory for Applied Cancer Research, Rappaport Institute of Medicine and Research, The Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Head and Neck Center, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Brian M Davis
- Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research and, Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Cortese N, Rigamonti A, Mantovani A, Marchesi F. The neuro-immune axis in cancer: Relevance of the peripheral nervous system to the disease. Immunol Lett 2020; 227:60-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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200
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Dragomir MP, Moisoiu V, Manaila R, Pardini B, Knutsen E, Anfossi S, Amit M, Calin GA. A Holistic Perspective: Exosomes Shuttle between Nerves and Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113529. [PMID: 33142779 PMCID: PMC7693842 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the limitations of cancer research has been the restricted focus on tumor cells and the omission of other non-malignant cells that are constitutive elements of this systemic disease. Current research is focused on the bidirectional communication between tumor cells and other components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as immune and endothelial cells, and nerves. A major success of this bidirectional approach has been the development of immunotherapy. Recently, a more complex landscape involving a multi-lateral communication between the non-malignant components of the TME started to emerge. A prime example is the interplay between immune and endothelial cells, which led to the approval of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor-therapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors and classical chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Hence, a paradigm shift approach is to characterize the crosstalk between different non-malignant components of the TME and understand their role in tumorigenesis. In this perspective, we discuss the interplay between nerves and immune cells within the TME. In particular, we focus on exosomes and microRNAs as a systemic, rapid and dynamic communication channel between tumor cells, nerves and immune cells contributing to cancer progression. Finally, we discuss how combinatorial therapies blocking this tumorigenic cross-talk could lead to improved outcomes for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihnea P. Dragomir
- Department of Surgery, Fundeni Clinical Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Hospital, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.P.D.); (G.A.C.)
| | - Vlad Moisoiu
- Faculty of Physics, Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Roxana Manaila
- Clinical Institute of Urology and Renal Transplantation, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Barbara Pardini
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), 10060 Candiolo, Italy;
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Erik Knutsen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway;
| | - Simone Anfossi
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Moran Amit
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- The Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: (M.P.D.); (G.A.C.)
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