151
|
González-Ingelmo M, Granda M, Ruiz B, Fuente E, Sierra U, Rocha VG, González Z, Álvarez P, Menéndez R. Proactive Effect of Algae-Based Graphene Support on the Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalytic Activity of NiFe. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7641. [PMID: 38138783 PMCID: PMC10744590 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of graphene materials from biomass resources is still a challenge, even more so if they are going to be employed as supports for electrocatalysts for water splitting. Herein, we describe the preparation and characterization of graphene oxides (GOs) from solid macroalgae waste obtained after processing an agar-agar residue. The structural and morphological characterization of the obtained GO confirm the presence of a lamellar material that is composed of few layers with an increased number of heteroatoms (including nitrogen) if compared with those observed in a GO obtained from graphite (reference). Three-dimensional electrodes were prepared from these GOs by depositing them onto a fibrous carbon paper, followed by electrodeposition of the catalyst, NiFe. The electrocatalytic performance of these hybrid systems for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) showed a proactive effect of both graphene materials toward catalysis. Moreover, the electrode prepared from the algae-based graphene showed the highest electrocatalytic activity. This fact could be explained by the different structure of the algae-based graphene which, due to differences in the nucleation growth patterns and electroactive sites developed during the electrodeposition process, produced more reactive NiFe species (higher oxidation state).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María González-Ingelmo
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono (INCAR), CSIC, Francisco Pintado, Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (M.G.-I.); (M.G.); (B.R.); (E.F.); (V.G.R.); (Z.G.)
| | - Marcos Granda
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono (INCAR), CSIC, Francisco Pintado, Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (M.G.-I.); (M.G.); (B.R.); (E.F.); (V.G.R.); (Z.G.)
| | - Begoña Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono (INCAR), CSIC, Francisco Pintado, Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (M.G.-I.); (M.G.); (B.R.); (E.F.); (V.G.R.); (Z.G.)
| | - Enrique Fuente
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono (INCAR), CSIC, Francisco Pintado, Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (M.G.-I.); (M.G.); (B.R.); (E.F.); (V.G.R.); (Z.G.)
| | - Uriel Sierra
- Laboratorio Nacional de Materiales Grafénicos, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo, 140, Saltillo 25294, Mexico;
| | - Victoria G. Rocha
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono (INCAR), CSIC, Francisco Pintado, Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (M.G.-I.); (M.G.); (B.R.); (E.F.); (V.G.R.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zoraida González
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono (INCAR), CSIC, Francisco Pintado, Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (M.G.-I.); (M.G.); (B.R.); (E.F.); (V.G.R.); (Z.G.)
| | - Patricia Álvarez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono (INCAR), CSIC, Francisco Pintado, Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (M.G.-I.); (M.G.); (B.R.); (E.F.); (V.G.R.); (Z.G.)
| | - Rosa Menéndez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono (INCAR), CSIC, Francisco Pintado, Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (M.G.-I.); (M.G.); (B.R.); (E.F.); (V.G.R.); (Z.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
Arshad M, Sorba L, Rudolf P, Cepek C. Growth and Characterization of Carbon Nanofibers Grown on Vertically Aligned InAs Nanowires via Chemical Vapour Deposition. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:3083. [PMID: 38132981 PMCID: PMC10746074 DOI: 10.3390/nano13243083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The integration of carbon nanostructures with semiconductor nanowires holds significant potential for energy-efficient integrated circuits. However, achieving precise control over the positioning and stability of these interconnections poses a major challenge. This study presents a method for the controlled growth of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on vertically aligned indium arsenide (InAs) nanowires. The CNF/InAs hybrid structures, synthesized using chemical vapor deposition (CVD), were successfully produced without compromising the morphology of the pristine nanowires. Under optimized conditions, preferential growth of the carbon nanofibers in the direction perpendicular to the InAs nanowires was observed. Moreover, when the CVD process employed iron as a catalyst, an increased growth rate was achieved. With and without the presence of iron, carbon nanofibers nucleate preferentially on the top of the InAs nanowires, indicating a tip growth mechanism presumably catalysed by a gold-indium alloy that selectively forms in that region. These results represent a compelling example of controlled interconnections between adjacent InAs nanowires formed by carbon fibers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arshad
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali—CNR, Laboratorio TASC Area Science Park—Basovizza, Edificio MM, Strada Statale 14, Km.163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy;
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Center for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad 2141, Pakistan
| | - Lucia Sorba
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Petra Rudolf
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Cinzia Cepek
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali—CNR, Laboratorio TASC Area Science Park—Basovizza, Edificio MM, Strada Statale 14, Km.163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Gendron D, Bubak G. Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Materials as Xenobiotics in Living Systems: Is There a Consensus on Their Safety? J Xenobiot 2023; 13:740-760. [PMID: 38132708 PMCID: PMC10744618 DOI: 10.3390/jox13040047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes and graphene are two types of nanomaterials that have unique properties and potential applications in various fields, including biomedicine, energy storage, and gas sensing. However, there is still a debate about the safety of these materials, and there is yet to be a complete consensus on their potential risks to human health and the environment. While some studies have provided recommendations for occupational exposure limits, more research is needed to fully understand the potential risks of these materials to human health and the environment. In this review, we will try to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of using carbon nanotubes and graphene as well as composites containing them in the context of their biocompatibility and toxicity to living systems. In addition, we overview current policy guidelines and technical regulations regarding the safety of carbon-based nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Gendron
- Kemitek, Cégep de Thetford, 835 Rue Mooney, Thetford Mines, QC G6G 0A5, Canada
| | - Grzegorz Bubak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Tharani S, Rebecca PNB, Durgalakshmi D, Balakumar S, Rakkesh RA. Hydrothermal integration of MoO 2-MoS 2@rGO nanoframe networks: A promising approach for efficient bacterial disinfection in wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 343:140273. [PMID: 37758069 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The efficient disinfection of bacterial contaminants in wastewater is a critical challenge in the field of environmental remediation. Herein, we present a novel approach for efficient bacterial disinfection using hydrothermally integrated MoO2-MoS2@rGO nanoframe networks. The developed nanoframe networks exhibit a unique architecture comprising of molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) impregnated on algae biomass reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The as-synthesized nanoframe networks demonstrate exceptional antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli bacteria. The disinfection efficiency was evaluated by measuring the bacterial viability and observing the morphological changes using scanning electron microscopy. The MoO2-MoS2@rGO nanoframe networks exhibited a remarkable antibacterial effect, achieving a high disinfection rate of 95.8% within a short contact time of 10 min. The efficient bacterial disinfection capability of the nanoframe networks can be attributed to the synergistic effects of MoO2, MoS2, and rGO components. The MoO2 nanoparticles generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), persuading oxidative stress and leading to bacterial inactivation. The MoS2 nanoparticles possess inherent antibacterial properties through the release of Mo and S ions. The rGO nanosheets provide a conductive and stable platform, facilitating the charge transfer during the antibacterial process. Furthermore, the hydrothermal integration method enables easy scalability and cost-effectiveness of the MoO2-MoS2@rGO nanoframe networks. The nanoframe networks can be easily recovered and reused, reducing waste generation and promoting sustainability. Overall, this study presents a promising approach for efficient bacterial disinfection in wastewater using hydrothermally integrated MoO2-MoS2@rGO nanoframe networks. The remarkable antibacterial performance, along with the advantages of scalability and reusability, makes these nanoframe networks a potential candidate for practical applications in environmental remediation and water treatment processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Tharani
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur - 603203, TN, India
| | - P N Blessy Rebecca
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur - 603203, TN, India
| | - D Durgalakshmi
- Department of Medical Physics, Anna University, Chennai - 600 025, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai - 600 025, India
| | - R Ajay Rakkesh
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur - 603203, TN, India.
| |
Collapse
|
155
|
Chen R, Zhou Y, Li X. Fe 3 C/nanocarbon-Enabled Lithium Dendrite Mitigation in Lithium-Sulfur batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2308261. [PMID: 38037693 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Lithium dendrite-induced short circuits and material loss are two major obstacles to the commercialization of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Here, a nanocarbon composite consisting of cotton-derived Fe3 C-encapsulated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Fe3 C-MWCNTs) and graphene effectively traps polysulfides to suppress lithium dendrite growth is reported. Machine learning combined with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations unveils a new polysulfide-induced lithium dendrite formation mechanism: the migration of polysulfides away from the anode drags out lithium protrusions through localized lattice distortion of the lithium anode and traps lithium ions in the surrounding electrolyte, leading to lithium dendrite formation. The Li-S battery, constructed using the composite of cotton-derived Fe3 C-MWCNTs and graphene that serves as both the sulfur host and the anode interlayer, exhibits exceptional cycling stability, impressive capacity retention, and effective mitigation of lithium dendrite formation. The findings offer valuable strategies to prevent lithium dendrite formation and enhance understanding of lithium dendrite growth in Li-S batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, 122 Engineer's Way, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4746, USA
| | - Yucheng Zhou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, 122 Engineer's Way, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4746, USA
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, 122 Engineer's Way, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4746, USA
| |
Collapse
|
156
|
Riul A, de Barros A, Gaál G, Braunger ML, Martinez Jimenez MJ, Avila-Avendano C, Rodrigues V, de Andrade MJ, Quevedo-Lopez M, Alvarez F, Baughman RH. Self-Healing E-tongue. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:55073-55081. [PMID: 37967325 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Self-healing materials inspire the next generation of multifunctional wearables and Internet of Things appliances. They expand the realm of thin film fabrication, enabling seamless conformational coverage irrespective of the shape complexity and surface geometry for electronic skins, smart textiles, soft robotics, and energy storage devices. Within this context, the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique is versatile for homogeneously dispersing materials onto various matrices. Moreover, it provides molecular level thickness control and coverage on practically any surface, with poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) being the most used materials primarily employed in self-healing LbL structures operating at room temperature. However, achieving thin film composites displaying controlled conductivity and healing ability is still challenging under ambient conditions. Here, PEI and PAA are mixed with conductive fillers (gold nanorods, poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene): polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), reduced graphene oxides, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes) in distinct LbL film architectures. Electrical (AC and DC), optical (Raman spectroscopy), and mechanical (nanoindentation) measurements are used for characterizing composite structures and properties. A delicate balance among electrical, mechanical, and structural characteristics must be accomplished for a controlled design of conductive self-healing composites. As a proof-of-concept, four LbL composites were chosen as sensing units in the first reported self-healing e-tongue. The sensor can easily distinguish basic tastes at low molar concentrations and differentiate trace levels of glucose in artificial sweat. The formed nanostructures enable smart coverages that have unique features for solving current technological challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Riul
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Campinas, SP 13083-859, Brazil
- Alan MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Anerise de Barros
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Gabriel Gaál
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Campinas, SP 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Maria L Braunger
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Campinas, SP 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Mawin J Martinez Jimenez
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Campinas, SP 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Carlos Avila-Avendano
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Varlei Rodrigues
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Campinas, SP 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Mônica Jung de Andrade
- Alan MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Manuel Quevedo-Lopez
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Fernando Alvarez
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Campinas, SP 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Ray H Baughman
- Alan MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| |
Collapse
|
157
|
Mǎgeruşan L, Pogǎcean F, Soran ML, Pruneanu SM. Graphene-Based Electrochemical Sensing Platform for Rapid and Selective Ferulic Acid Quantification. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16937. [PMID: 38069263 PMCID: PMC10707139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the multitude of physiological functions, ferulic acid (FA) has a wide range of applications in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Thus, the development of rapid, sensitive, and selective detection tools for its assay is of great interest. This study reports a new electroanalytical approach for the quantification of ferulic acid in commercial pharmaceutical samples using a sulphur-doped graphene-based electrochemical sensing platform. The few-layer graphene material (exf-SGR) was prepared by the electrochemical oxidation of graphite, at a low applied bias (5 V), in an inorganic salt mixture of Na2S2O3/(NH4)2SO4 (0.3 M each). According to the morpho-structural characterization of the material, it appears to have a high heteroatom doping degree, as proved by the presence of sulphur lines in the XRD pattern, and the C/S ratio was determined by XPS investigations to be 11.57. The electrochemical performances of a glassy carbon electrode modified with the exf-SGR toward FA detection were tested by cyclic voltammetry in both standard laboratory solutions and real sample analysis. The developed modified electrode showed a low limit of detection (30.3 nM) and excellent stability and reproducibility, proving its potential applicability as a viable solution in FA qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Mǎgeruşan
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat Street, No. 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (F.P.); (M.-L.S.); (S.-M.P.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
158
|
Yamazaki K, Goto S, Yoshino S, Gubarevich A, Yoshida K, Kato H, Yamamoto M. Surface defect healing in annealing from nanoporous carbons to nanoporous graphenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 38019669 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04921c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanoporous graphene (NPG) materials have the pronounced electrochemical stability of the seamless graphene structures developed over the 3D space. We revisited the Raman spectra of nanoporous carbons (NPCs) synthesized using θ-/γ-Al2O3 templates and NPGs converted from NPCs by annealing at 1800 °C to identify the type and density of defects. We found that both the NPCs and NPGs mostly consist of single-layered graphene with a few single vacancies and Stone-Wales defects. The density of vacancy defect per hexagon in the graphene sheet is estimated to be 10-2 for NPCs, while the annealing reduced the value to 10-3-10-4 for NPGs. This supports the outstanding chemical and electrochemical stability of the novel porous carbon materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Yamazaki
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Goto
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Shunya Yoshino
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Anna Gubarevich
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Katsumi Yoshida
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Hideki Kato
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamamoto
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Yasir M, Peinetti F, Savi P. Correlation of Transmission Properties with Glucose Concentration in a Graphene-Based Microwave Resonator. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:2163. [PMID: 38138332 PMCID: PMC10745533 DOI: 10.3390/mi14122163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based materials, such as graphene, exhibit interesting physical properties and have been recently investigated in sensing applications. In this paper, a novel technique for glucose concentration correlation with the resonant frequency of a microwave resonator is performed. The resonator exploits the variation of the electrical properties of graphene at radio frequency (RF). The described approach is based on the variation in transmission coefficient resonating frequency of a microstrip ring resonator modified with a graphene film. The graphene film is doctor-bladed on the ring resonator and functionalised in order to detect glucose. When a drop with a given concentration is deposited on the graphene film, the resonance peak is shifted. The graphene film is modelled with a lumped element analysis. Several prototypes are realised on Rogers Kappa substrate and their transmission coefficient measured for different concentrations of glucose. Results show a good correlation between the frequency shift and the concentration applied on the film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yasir
- Division of Microrobotics and Control Engineering, Department of Computing Science, University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Fabio Peinetti
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Patrizia Savi
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.P.); (P.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
160
|
Johnson T, Wang K, Fan QH, Lee A. Plasma modification of graphene nanoplatelets surfaces. DISCOVER NANO 2023; 18:144. [PMID: 37999909 PMCID: PMC10673800 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03929-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric plasma processing, which combines the efficacy of chemical processes and the safety of physical processes, has been used to modify the surface characteristics of graphite-based materials. In this work, two distinct plasma source gases, C4F8 and O2, with the addition of a rotary reactor were used. The effectiveness of modifying the basal plane of intercalated graphite nanoplatelets (GnP) was investigated with various analytical techniques and the visual observation of the dispersion of these plasma-treated GnP in solvents was also reported. It is shown that this low-temperature plasma processing technique can be used to successfully modify the GnP surface without significantly changing the intrinsic structure of the GnP, which is desirable in many applications. With the C4F8 plasma treatment, the immersion characteristics in solvents can be tuned and the functional groups present on the surface can be tailored to produce desired bonding environments. This surface chemistry tunability will provide the needed functionalities in creating graphene-containing composite materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Johnson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Keliang Wang
- Fraunhofer USA Center Midwest, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Qi Hua Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Andre Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
161
|
Emelin EV, Cho HD, Korepanov VI, Varlamova LA, Klimchuk DO, Erohin SV, Larionov KV, Kim DY, Sorokin PB, Panin GN. Resistive Switching in Bigraphene/Diamane Nanostructures Formed on a La 3Ga 5SiO 14 Substrate Using Electron Beam Irradiation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2978. [PMID: 37999332 PMCID: PMC10674167 DOI: 10.3390/nano13222978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Memristors, resistive switching memory devices, play a crucial role in the energy-efficient implementation of artificial intelligence. This study investigates resistive switching behavior in a lateral 2D composite structure composed of bilayer graphene and 2D diamond (diamane) nanostructures formed using electron beam irradiation. The resulting bigraphene/diamane structure exhibits nonlinear charge carrier transport behavior and a significant increase in resistance. It is shown that the resistive switching of the nanostructure is well controlled using bias voltage. The impact of an electrical field on the bonding of diamane-stabilizing functional groups is investigated. By subjecting the lateral bigraphene/diamane/bigraphene nanostructure to a sufficiently strong electric field, the migration of hydrogen ions and/or oxygen-related groups located on one or both sides of the nanostructure can occur. This process leads to the disruption of sp3 carbon bonds, restoring the high conductivity of bigraphene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny V. Emelin
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High-Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia; (E.V.E.); (V.I.K.)
| | - Hak Dong Cho
- Quantum-Functional Semiconductor Research Center, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (H.D.C.)
| | - Vitaly I. Korepanov
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High-Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia; (E.V.E.); (V.I.K.)
| | - Liubov A. Varlamova
- Laboratory of Digital Material Science, National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (L.A.V.); (S.V.E.)
| | - Darya O. Klimchuk
- Laboratory of Digital Material Science, National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (L.A.V.); (S.V.E.)
- Physical Chemistry Department, National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Erohin
- Laboratory of Digital Material Science, National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (L.A.V.); (S.V.E.)
- Department of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin V. Larionov
- Laboratory of Digital Material Science, National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (L.A.V.); (S.V.E.)
| | - Deuk Young Kim
- Quantum-Functional Semiconductor Research Center, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (H.D.C.)
- Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Pavel B. Sorokin
- Laboratory of Digital Material Science, National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (L.A.V.); (S.V.E.)
- Department of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady N. Panin
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High-Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia; (E.V.E.); (V.I.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
162
|
Ko SH, Kim SW, Lee SH, Lee YJ. Electrodeposited reduced graphene oxide-PEDOT:PSS/Nafion hybrid interface for the simultaneous determination of dopamine and serotonin. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20274. [PMID: 37985920 PMCID: PMC10662300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47693-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The electrochemically deposited reduced graphene oxide-PEDOT:PSS/Nafion (rGO-PP/NF) hybrid material has provided a favorable interface for the simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT). The rGO-PP/NF onto the Au seed layer of the flexible substrate was simple, and it was followed by the sequential electrophoretic deposition of GO, reduction at the optimal pH buffer media, electropolymerization of EDOT:PSS, and Nafion coating. The strong electron-transport capacity between rGO-PEDOT:PSS and the negatively charged Nafion matrix might allow the highly sensitive, simultaneous, and selective detection of DA and 5-HT due to its high affinity for cations. In the results of the electrochemical response, well-separated oxidation peaks were observed in a mixture that contained various concentrations of DA and 5-HT. It showed the dynamic sensing of DA and 5-HT in the ranges of 0.5-75 μM and 0.05-50 μM, respectively, and the detection limits of 0.17 and 0.16 μM, respectively. In the mixture of DA and 5-HT, the sensor had a detection limit of 0.1 μM for 5-HT and DA, and its sensitivities of DA and 5-HT were 99.3 and 86 µA/µMcm2. Furthermore, it demonstrated high selectivity, reproducibility, stability, and a recovery property in the human serum spike test that was good enough for the practical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyeon Ko
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Seung Wook Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Lee
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Yi Jae Lee
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea.
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
163
|
Bühler J, Roncin P, Brand C. Describing the scattering of keV protons through graphene. Front Chem 2023; 11:1291065. [PMID: 38033471 PMCID: PMC10687178 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1291065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Implementing two-dimensional materials in technological solutions requires fast, economic, and non-destructive tools to ensure efficient characterization. In this context, scattering of keV protons through free-standing graphene was proposed as an analytical tool. Here, we critically evaluate the predicted effects using classical simulations including a description of the lattice's thermal motion and the membrane corrugation via statistical averaging. Our study shows that the zero-point motion of the lattice atoms alone leads to considerable broadening of the signal that is not properly described by thermal averaging of the interaction potential. In combination with the non-negligible probability for introducing defects, it limits the prospect of proton scattering at 5 keV as an analytic tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Bühler
- Department of Quantum Nanophysics, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Quantum Technologies, Ulm, Germany
| | - Philippe Roncin
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Christian Brand
- Department of Quantum Nanophysics, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Quantum Technologies, Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
164
|
Chudziak T, Montes-García V, Czepa W, Pakulski D, Musiał A, Valentini C, Bielejewski M, Carlin M, Tubaro A, Pelin M, Samorì P, Ciesielski A. A comparative investigation of the chemical reduction of graphene oxide for electrical engineering applications. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:17765-17775. [PMID: 37882733 PMCID: PMC10653029 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04521h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the basal plane and at the edges endows graphene oxide (GO) with an insulating nature, which makes it rather unsuitable for electronic applications. Fortunately, the reduction process makes it possible to restore the sp2 conjugation. Among various protocols, chemical reduction is appealing because of its compatibility with large-scale production. Nevertheless, despite the vast number of reported chemical protocols, their comparative assessment has not yet been the subject of an in-depth investigation, rendering the establishment of a structure-performance relationship impossible. We report a systematic study on the chemical reduction of GO by exploring different reducing agents (hydrazine hydrate, sodium borohydride, ascorbic acid (AA), and sodium dithionite) and reaction times (2 or 12 hours) in order to boost the performance of chemically reduced GO (CrGO) in electronics and in electrochemical applications. In this work, we provide evidence that the optimal reduction conditions should vary depending on the chosen application, whether it is for electrical or electrochemical purposes. CrGO exhibiting a good electrical conductivity (>1800 S m-1) can be obtained by using AA (12 hours of reaction), Na2S2O4 and N2H4 (independent of the reaction time). Conversely, CrGO displaying a superior electrochemical performance (specific capacitance of 211 F g-1, and capacitance retention >99.5% after 2000 cycles) can be obtained by using NaBH4 (12 hours of reaction). Finally, the compatibility of the different CrGOs with wearable and flexible electronics is also demonstrated using skin irritation tests. The strategy described represents a significant advancement towards the development of environmentally friendly CrGOs with ad hoc properties for advanced applications in electronics and energy storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Chudziak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Verónica Montes-García
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Alleé Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Włodzimierz Czepa
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Dawid Pakulski
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Musiał
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznań, Poland.
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179 Poznań, Poland
| | - Cataldo Valentini
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Michał Bielejewski
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179 Poznań, Poland
| | - Michela Carlin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Fleming 22, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Aurelia Tubaro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Fleming 22, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Pelin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Fleming 22, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Alleé Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznań, Poland.
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Alleé Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
| |
Collapse
|
165
|
Choi J, Jeong J, Zhu X, Kim J, Kang BK, Wang Q, Park BI, Lee S, Kim J, Kim H, Yoo J, Yi GC, Lee DS, Kim J, Hong S, Kim MJ, Hong YJ. Exceptional Thermochemical Stability of Graphene on N-Polar GaN for Remote Epitaxy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:21678-21689. [PMID: 37843425 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the thermochemical stability of graphene on the GaN substrate for metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD)-based remote epitaxy. Despite excellent physical properties of GaN, making it a compelling choice for high-performance electronic and light-emitting device applications, the challenge of thermochemical decomposition of graphene on a GaN substrate at high temperatures has obstructed the achievement of remote homoepitaxy via MOCVD. Our research uncovers an unexpected stability of graphene on N-polar GaN, thereby enabling the MOCVD-based remote homoepitaxy of N-polar GaN. Our comparative analysis of N- and Ga-polar GaN substrates reveals markedly different outcomes: while a graphene/N-polar GaN substrate produces releasable microcrystals (μCs), a graphene/Ga-polar GaN substrate yields nonreleasable thin films. We attribute this discrepancy to the polarity-dependent thermochemical stability of graphene on the GaN substrate and its subsequent reaction with hydrogen. Evidence obtained from Raman spectroscopy, electron microscopic analyses, and overlayer delamination points to a pronounced thermochemical stability of graphene on N-polar GaN during MOCVD-based remote homoepitaxy. Molecular dynamics simulations, corroborated by experimental data, further substantiate that the thermochemical stability of graphene is reliant on the polarity of GaN, due to different reactions with hydrogen at high temperatures. Based on the N-polar remote homoepitaxy of μCs, the practical application of our findings was demonstrated in fabrication of flexible light-emitting diodes composed of p-n junction μCs with InGaN heterostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joonghoon Choi
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
- GRI-TPC International Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseok Jeong
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
- GRI-TPC International Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Junghwan Kim
- GRI-TPC International Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
- Graphene Research Institute, Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Kyun Kang
- Department of Display Materials Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Qingxiao Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Bo-In Park
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Seokje Lee
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Novel Epitaxial Quantum Architectures, Institute of Applied Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jekyung Kim
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hyunseok Kim
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jinkyoung Yoo
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Gyu-Chul Yi
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Novel Epitaxial Quantum Architectures, Institute of Applied Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seon Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehwan Kim
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Suklyun Hong
- GRI-TPC International Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
- Graphene Research Institute, Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon J Kim
- GRI-TPC International Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Young Joon Hong
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
- GRI-TPC International Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Sarker BK, Shrestha R, Singh KM, Lombardi J, An R, Islam A, Drummy LF. Label-Free Neuropeptide Detection beyond the Debye Length Limit. ACS NANO 2023; 17:20968-20978. [PMID: 37852196 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors with high selectivity, high sensitivity, and real-time detection capabilities are of significant interest for diagnostic applications as well as human health and performance monitoring. Graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) based biosensors are suitable for integration into wearable sensor technology and can potentially demonstrate the sensitivity and selectivity necessary for real-time detection and monitoring of biomarkers. Previously reported DC-mode GFET biosensors showed a high sensitivity for sensing biomarkers in solutions with a low salt concentration. However, due to Debye length screening, the sensitivity of the DC-mode GFET biosensors decreases significantly during operation in a physiological fluid such as sweat or interstitial fluid. To overcome the Debye screening length limitation, we report here alternating current (AC) mode heterodyne-based GFET biosensors for sensing neuropeptide-Y (NPY), a key stress biomarker, in artificial sweat at physiologically relevant ionic concentrations. Our AC-mode GFET biosensors show a record ultralow detection limit of 2 × 10-18 M with an extensive dynamic range of 10 orders of magnitude in sensor response to target NPY concentration. The sensors were characterized for various carrier frequencies (ranging from 30 kHz to 2 MHz) of the applied AC voltages and various salt concentrations (10, 50, and 100 mM). Contrary to DC-mode sensing, the AC-mode sensor response increases with an increase in salt concentration in the electrolyte. The sensor response can be further enhanced by tuning the carrier frequency of the applied AC voltage. The optimum response frequency of our sensor is approximately 400-600 kHz for salt concentrations of 50 and 100 mM, respectively. The salt-concentration- and frequency-dependent sensor response can be explained by an electrolyte-gated capacitance model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biddut K Sarker
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES Inc., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Reeshav Shrestha
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES Inc., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Kristi M Singh
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES Inc., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Jack Lombardi
- Information Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Rome, New York 13441, United States
| | - Ran An
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
- Case Center for Biomolecular Structure and Integration for Sensors (Case-BioSIS), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Ahmad Islam
- Sensor Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Lawrence F Drummy
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| |
Collapse
|
167
|
Hou T, Li D, Qu Y, Hao Y, Lai Y. The Role of Carbon in Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown MoS 2 Films. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7030. [PMID: 37959627 PMCID: PMC10647219 DOI: 10.3390/ma16217030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Acquiring homogeneous and reproducible wafer-scale transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) films is crucial for modern electronics. Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) offers a promising approach for scalable production and large-area integration. However, during MOCVD synthesis, extraneous carbon incorporation due to organosulfur precursor pyrolysis is a persistent concern, and the role of unintentional carbon incorporation remains elusive. Here, we report the large-scale synthesis of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) thin films, accompanied by the formation of amorphous carbon layers. Using Raman, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we confirm how polycrystalline MoS2 combines with extraneous amorphous carbon layers. Furthermore, by fabricating field-effect transistors (FETs) using the carbon-incorporated MoS2 films, we find that traditional n-type MoS2 can transform into p-type semiconductors owing to the incorporation of carbon, a rare occurrence among TMDC materials. This unexpected behavior expands our understanding of TMDC properties and opens up new avenues for exploring novel device applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Hou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Di Li
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yan Qu
- The Sixth Element (Changzhou) Materials Technology Co., Ltd. and Jiangsu Jiangnan Xiyuan Graphene Technology Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213161, China
| | - Yufeng Hao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yun Lai
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
168
|
Qin Z, Su Y, Bai Y, Lu H, Peng T, Zhong H, Chen T, Du X. Improving the Corrosion Resistance of Zn-Rich Epoxy Coating with Three-Dimensional Porous Graphene. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4302. [PMID: 37959980 PMCID: PMC10648203 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve the corrosion inhibition of zinc-rich epoxy (ZRE) composite coatings and shed light on the influence of the spatial structure of graphene fillers on the coatings' performance, three-dimensional graphene (3DG) and a conventional graphene sheet (G) were used to modify the ZRE composite paint, respectively. The effect of introducing the 2D G fillers on the anti-corrosion behavior of ZRE was studied comprehensively, and its optimal content was determined to be 0.5 wt%. Interestingly, it was found that, comparing with 2D graphene sheets, the corrosion resistance of the ZRE coating could be enhanced more significantly with incorporating even less 3DG. With introducing only 0.1 wt% 3DG, the corrosion current intensity of the resulting 3DG/ZRE coating was reduced to be about 1/10 that of the G/ZRE coating with the same graphene content and 27% of that of the optimized G/ZRE. The corrosion products of the coating were analyzed with the XRD technique. The results indicated that, in contrast to neat ZRE coating, Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 was absent from the corroded 3DG/ZRE coating, confirming its improved long-term anti-corrosion performance. The porous interconnected framework and high crystallinity of 3DG could contribute to not only its facilely mixing with epoxy resin, but also its effective incorporation into the conductive network of zinc micro-flakes, thus enhancing the corrosion resistance of its ZRE coating at a lower content. The innovative technology to improve the anti-corrosion performance of the ZRE coatings via using the 3D graphene fillers should be capable to be extended to other 2D fillers, such as MXenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Qin
- The Fifth Engineering Co., Ltd., MBEC, Jiujiang 332001, China;
| | - Yinqiang Su
- Zhuhai Communication Group, Zhuhai 519000, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (T.P.); (H.Z.); (T.C.)
| | - Yang Bai
- CCCC-SHB Fifth Engineering Co., Ltd, Xi’an 710119, China;
| | - Hangqi Lu
- Zhuhai Communication Group, Zhuhai 519000, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (T.P.); (H.Z.); (T.C.)
| | - Tao Peng
- Zhuhai Communication Group, Zhuhai 519000, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (T.P.); (H.Z.); (T.C.)
| | - Huifeng Zhong
- Zhuhai Communication Group, Zhuhai 519000, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (T.P.); (H.Z.); (T.C.)
| | - Tao Chen
- Zhuhai Communication Group, Zhuhai 519000, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (T.P.); (H.Z.); (T.C.)
| | - Xusheng Du
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
169
|
Zhang Q, Chen XQ, Lan XY, Hong JM. Modulating Cu valence state in Cu and graphene oxide composites for electrocatalytic tetracycline hydrochloride degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:112252-112266. [PMID: 37831265 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Cu and graphene oxide composites (Cu-GO) were designed by anchoring Cu+ via oxygen groups in GO based on the heavy co-relationships of copper (Cu) anode electrocatalytic activity with Cu valence state. With the consumption of oxygen groups under various pyrolysis temperatures, the Cu valence state changed from Cu ions (as CuCl2 and CuCl) to Cu oxide (CuO and Cu2O) and the final metallic Cu. In which the Cu+ in CuCl was more favorable for electrocatalytic oxidation than other Cu valence states. Due to the dramatic contribution of 1O2 and active chlorine, 100% degradation efficiency was achieved using tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as the target pollutant. Cu+ showed a selective preference for 1O2 and active chlorine triggering, rather than metallic Cu. Under the attack of 1O2 and active chlorine, the degradation intermediates of TCH were then provided by LC-MS results. The final results not only prove the feasibility of the Cu-GO/electrocatalysis system for pollution control but also shed light on the anode design via Cu valence state modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Xiamen Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Biochemical Treatment, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Biochemical Treatment, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Xiamen Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Biochemical Treatment, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Biochemical Treatment, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xin-Yue Lan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Xiamen Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Biochemical Treatment, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Biochemical Treatment, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jun-Ming Hong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
- Xiamen Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Biochemical Treatment, Xiamen, 361021, China.
- Fujian Provincial Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Biochemical Treatment, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
170
|
Tran MH, Booth I, Azarakhshi A, Berrang P, Wulff J, Brolo AG. Synthesis of Graphene and Graphene Films with Minimal Structural Defects. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:40387-40395. [PMID: 37929137 PMCID: PMC10620934 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a carbon material with extraordinary properties that has been drawing a significant amount of attention in the recent decade. High-quality graphene can be produced by different methods, such as epitaxial growth, chemical vapor deposition, and micromechanical exfoliation. The reduced graphene oxide route is, however, the only current approach that leads to the large-scale production of graphene materials at a reasonable cost. Unfortunately, graphene oxide reduction normally yields graphene materials with a high defect density. Here, we introduce a new route for the large-scale synthesis of graphene that minimizes the creation of structural defects. The method involves high-quality hydrogen functionalization of graphite followed by thermal dehydrogenation. We also demonstrated that the hydrogenated graphene synthesis route can be used for the preparation of high-quality graphene films on glass substrates. A reliable method for the preparation of these types of films is essential for the widespread implementation of graphene devices. The structural evolution from the hydrogenated form to graphene, as well as the quality of the materials and films, was carefully evaluated by Raman spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Hai Tran
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3 V6, Canada
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Ian Booth
- XlynX
Materials Inc, 10217
Surfside Place, Sidney, BC V8L 3R6, Canada
| | - Arash Azarakhshi
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Peter Berrang
- XlynX
Materials Inc, 10217
Surfside Place, Sidney, BC V8L 3R6, Canada
| | - Jeremy Wulff
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3 V6, Canada
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Alexandre G. Brolo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3 V6, Canada
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
171
|
Mohammedture M, Rajput N, Perez-Jimenez AI, Matouk Z, AlZadjali S, Gutierrez M. Impact of probe sonication and sulfuric acid pretreatment on graphene exfoliation in water. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18523. [PMID: 37898662 PMCID: PMC10613256 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45874-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene is a 2D material with promising commercial applications due to its physicochemical properties. Producing high-quality graphene economically and at large scales is currently of great interest and demand. Here, the potential of producing high-quality graphene at a large scale via water-phase exfoliation methods is investigated. By altering exfoliation parameters, the production yield of graphene and flake size are evaluated. Pretreatment of the precursor graphite powder using acidic solutions of H2SO4 at different concentrations is found to increase further the yield and structural quality of the exfoliated graphene flakes. These findings are confirmed through various spectroscopy and surface characterization techniques. Controlling flake size, thickness, and yield are demonstrated via optimization of the sonication process, centrifuge time, and H2SO4 pretreatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meriam Mohammedture
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute, PO Box 9639, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Nitul Rajput
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute, PO Box 9639, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ana Isabel Perez-Jimenez
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute, PO Box 9639, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Zineb Matouk
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute, PO Box 9639, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Shroq AlZadjali
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute, PO Box 9639, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Monserrat Gutierrez
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute, PO Box 9639, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| |
Collapse
|
172
|
Hassanli A, Daneshjou S, Dabirmanesh B, Khajeh K. Improvement of thermal-stability of chondroitinase ABCI immobilized on graphene oxide for the repair of spinal cord injury. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18220. [PMID: 37880390 PMCID: PMC10600109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45555-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury healing has been shown to be aided by chondroitinase ABC I (cABCI) treatment. The transport of cABCI to target tissues is complicated by the enzyme's thermal instability; however, cABCI may be immobilized on nanosheets to boost stability and improve delivery efficiency. This investigation's goal was to assess the immobilization of cABC I on graphene oxide (GO). for this purpose, GO was produced from graphene using a modified version of Hummer's process. the immobilization of cABC I on GO was examined using SEM, XRD, and FTIR. The enzymatic activity of cABC I was evaluated in relation to substrate concentration. The enzyme was then surface-adsorption immobilized on GO, and its thermal stability was examined. As compared to the free enzyme, the results showed that the immobilized enzyme had a greater Km and a lower Vmax value. The stability of the enzyme was greatly improved by immobilization at 20, 4, 25, and 37 °C. For example, at 37 °C, the free enzyme retained 5% of its activity after 100 min, while the immobilized one retained 30% of its initial activity. The results showed, As a suitable surface for immobilizing cABC I, GO nano sheets boost the enzyme's stability, improving its capability to support axonal regeneration after CNC damage and guard against fast degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Hassanli
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Daneshjou
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahareh Dabirmanesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
173
|
Fragkogiannis C, Belles L, Gournis DP, Deligiannakis Y, Georgakilas V. Spin-Injection in Graphene: An EPR and Raman Study. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301720. [PMID: 37515521 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the enrichment of graphene and graphene oxide with free radicals through their functionalization with tyrosine is studied. In contrast with what is commonly observed in the functionalization of graphene with organic species the addition of tyrosine radicals on to the graphene substrate led to a remarkable increase of the aromatic character as indicated by the spectroscopic data. Similar behaviour was observed for the functionalization of graphene oxide. In addition, a brief analysis of the tyrosine functionalized graphene with EPR spectroscopy showed a remarkable enhancement of the spin density that could be useful in spintronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Loukas Belles
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials & Environment, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios P Gournis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Yiannis Deligiannakis
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials & Environment, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
174
|
Montanaro A, Piccinini G, Mišeikis V, Sorianello V, Giambra MA, Soresi S, Giorgi L, D'Errico A, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Pezzini S, Coletti C, Romagnoli M. Sub-THz wireless transmission based on graphene-integrated optoelectronic mixer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6471. [PMID: 37833246 PMCID: PMC10575943 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42194-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Optoelectronics is a valuable solution to scale up wireless links frequency to sub-THz in the next generation antenna systems and networks. Here, we propose a low-power consumption, small footprint building block for 6 G and 5 G new radio wireless transmission allowing broadband capacity (e.g., 10-100 Gb/s per link and beyond). We demonstrate a wireless datalink based on graphene, reaching setup limited sub-THz carrier frequency and multi-Gbit/s data rate. Our device consists of a graphene-based integrated optoelectronic mixer capable of mixing an optically generated reference oscillator approaching 100 GHz, with a baseband electrical signal. We report >96 GHz optoelectronic bandwidth and -44 dB upconversion efficiency with a footprint significantly smaller than those of state-of-the-art photonic transmitters (i.e., <0.1 mm2). These results are enabled by an integrated-photonic technology based on wafer-scale high-mobility graphene and pave the way towards the development of optoelectronics-based arrayed-antennas for millimeter-wave technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Montanaro
- Photonic Networks and Technologies Lab - CNIT, Via G. Moruzzi,1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
- TeCIP Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giulia Piccinini
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vaidotas Mišeikis
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Vito Sorianello
- Photonic Networks and Technologies Lab - CNIT, Via G. Moruzzi,1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco A Giambra
- Inphotec, CamGraPhIC srl, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Soresi
- Inphotec, CamGraPhIC srl, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Giorgi
- Ericsson Research, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - K Watanabe
- Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - T Taniguchi
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Sergio Pezzini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, P.zza S. Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Camilla Coletti
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Romagnoli
- Photonic Networks and Technologies Lab - CNIT, Via G. Moruzzi,1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
175
|
Papaderakis AA, Roh JS, Polus K, Yang J, Bissett MA, Walton A, Juel A, Dryfe RAW. Dielectric-free electrowetting on graphene. Faraday Discuss 2023; 246:307-321. [PMID: 37409473 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00037k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrowetting is a simple way to induce the spreading and retraction of electrolyte droplets. This method is widely used in "device" applications, where a dielectric layer is applied between the electrolyte and the conducting substrate. Recent work, including contributions from our own laboratory, have shown that reversible electrowetting can be achieved directly on conductors. We have shown that graphite surfaces, in particular when combined with highly concentrated electrolyte solutions, show a strong wetting effect. The process is driven by the interactions between the electrolyte ions and the surface, hence models of double-layer capacitance are able to explain changes in the equilibrium contact angles. Herein, we extend the approach to the investigation of electrowetting on graphene samples of varying thickness, prepared by chemical vapor deposition. We show that the use of highly concentrated aqueous electrolytes induces a clear yet subtle electrowetting response due to the adsorption of ions and the suppression of the negative effect introduced by the surface impurities accumulating during the transfer process. The latter have been previously reported to fully hinder electrowetting at lower electrolyte concentrations. An amplified wetting response is recorded in the presence of strongly adsorbed/intercalated anions in both aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes. The phenomenon is interpreted based on the anion-graphene interactions and their influence on the energetics of the interface. By monitoring the dynamics of wetting, an irreversible behaviour is identified in all cases as a consequence of the irreversibility of anion adsorption and/or intercalation. Finally, the effect of the underlying reactions on the timescales of wetting is also examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios A Papaderakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Henry Royce Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Ji Soo Roh
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Kacper Polus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Henry Royce Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Mark A Bissett
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Alex Walton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Anne Juel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Robert A W Dryfe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Henry Royce Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
176
|
Zeng F, Wang R, Wei W, Feng Z, Guo Q, Ren Y, Cui G, Zou D, Zhang Z, Liu S, Liu K, Fu Y, Kou J, Wang L, Zhou X, Tang Z, Ding F, Yu D, Liu K, Xu X. Stamped production of single-crystal hexagonal boron nitride monolayers on various insulating substrates. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6421. [PMID: 37828069 PMCID: PMC10570391 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Controllable growth of two-dimensional (2D) single crystals on insulating substrates is the ultimate pursuit for realizing high-end applications in electronics and optoelectronics. However, for the most typical 2D insulator, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), the production of a single-crystal monolayer on insulating substrates remains challenging. Here, we propose a methodology to realize the facile production of inch-sized single-crystal hBN monolayers on various insulating substrates by an atomic-scale stamp-like technique. The single-crystal Cu foils grown with hBN films can stick tightly (within 0.35 nm) to the insulating substrate at sub-melting temperature of Cu and extrude the hBN grown on the metallic surface onto the insulating substrate. Single-crystal hBN films can then be obtained by removing the Cu foil similar to the stamp process, regardless of the type or crystallinity of the insulating substrates. Our work will likely promote the manufacturing process of fully single-crystal 2D material-based devices and their applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fankai Zeng
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenya Wei
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zuo Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- International Centre for Quantum Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Quanlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- International Centre for Quantum Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yunlong Ren
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guoliang Cui
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dingxin Zou
- International Quantum Academy, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518045, China
| | - Zhensheng Zhang
- International Quantum Academy, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518045, China
| | - Song Liu
- International Quantum Academy, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518045, China
| | - Kehai Liu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jinzong Kou
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Li Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhilie Tang
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Feng Ding
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Dapeng Yu
- International Quantum Academy, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518045, China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- International Centre for Quantum Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Xiaozhi Xu
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
177
|
Zhang B, Zhang Z, Han H, Ling H, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wang Q, Li H, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Song A. A Universal Approach to Determine the Atomic Layer Numbers in Two-Dimensional Materials Using Dark-Field Optical Contrast. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9170-9177. [PMID: 37493397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials possess unique properties primarily due to the quantum confinement effect, which highly depends on their thicknesses. Identifying the number of atomic layers in these materials is a crucial, yet challenging step. However, the commonly used optical reflection method offers only very low contrast. Here, we develop an approach that shows unprecedented sensitivity by analyzing the brightness of dark-field optical images. The brightness of the 2D material edges has a linear dependence on the number of atomic layers. The findings are modeled by Rayleigh scattering, and the results agree well with the experiments. The relative contrast of single-layer graphene can reach 70% under white-light incident conditions. Furthermore, different 2D materials were successfully tested. By adjusting the exposure conditions, we can identify the number of atomic layers ranging from 1 to over 100. Finally, this approach can be applied to various substrates, even transparent ones, making it highly versatile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoqing Zhang
- Shandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Shandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Hecheng Han
- Shandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Haotian Ling
- Shandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Xijian Zhang
- Shandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Shandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Qingpu Wang
- Shandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Hu Li
- Shandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Shandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Shandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
- Suzhou Research Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Aimin Song
- Shandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
178
|
Yan H, Yang S, Liu M, Bao K, Ren W, Lin F, Gao Y, Wang Z, Liu S, Lv J, Zhao Y. Aptamer-functionalized two-photon SiO 2@GQDs hybrid-based signal amplification strategy for targeted cancer imaging. Analyst 2023; 148:5124-5132. [PMID: 37681669 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01393f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Targeted imaging is playing an increasingly important role in the early detection and precise diagnosis of cancer. This need has motivated research into sensory nanomaterials that can be constructed into imaging agents to serve as biosensors. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as a valuable nanoprobe show great potential for use in two-photon biological imaging. However, most as-prepared GQDs exhibit a low two-photon absorption cross-section, narrow spectral coverage, and "one-to-one" signal conversion mode, which greatly hamper their wide application in sensitive early-stage cancer detection. Herein, a versatile strategy has been employed to fabricate an aptamer Sgc8c-functionalized hybrid as a proof-of-concept of the signal amplification strategy for targeted cancer imaging. In this study, GQDs with two-photon imaging performance, and silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) as nanocarriers to provide amplified recognition events by high loading of GQD signal tags, were adopted to construct a two-photon hybrid-based signal amplification strategy. Thus, the obtained hybrid (denoted SiO2@GQDs) enabled extremely strong fluorescence with a quantum yield up to 0.49, excellent photostability and biocompatibility, and enhanced bright two-photon fluorescence up to 2.7 times that of bare GQDs (excitation at 760 nm; emission at 512 nm). Moreover, further modification with aptamer Sgc8c showed little disruption to the structure of the SiO2@GQDs-hybrid and the corresponding two-photon emission. Hence, SiO2@GQDs-Sgc8c showed specific responses to target cells. Moreover, it could be used as a signal-amplifying two-photon nanoprobe for targeted cancer imaging with high specificity and great efficiency, which exhibits a distinct green fluorescence compared to that of GQDs-Sgc8c or SiO2@GQDs. This signal amplification strategy holds great potential for the accurate early diagnosis of tumors and offers new tools for the detection a wide variety of analytes in clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China.
| | - Shuo Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China.
| | - Mengxue Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China.
| | - Ke Bao
- School of Medical Engineering, Engineering Technology Research Center of Neuroscience and Control of Henan Province, Xinxiang Engineering Technology Research Center of Intelligent Rehabilitation Equipment, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Wu Ren
- School of Medical Engineering, Engineering Technology Research Center of Neuroscience and Control of Henan Province, Xinxiang Engineering Technology Research Center of Intelligent Rehabilitation Equipment, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Fei Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P. R. China
| | - Yiqiao Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenghui Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P. R. China
| | - Shuanghui Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinxiang First People's Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P. R. China
| | - Jieli Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China.
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
179
|
Pawelski D, Plonska-Brzezinska ME. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis as a Promising Tool for the Preparation of Materials Containing Defective Carbon Nanostructures: Implications on Properties and Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6549. [PMID: 37834689 PMCID: PMC10573823 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we focus on a small section of the literature that deals with the materials containing pristine defective carbon nanostructures (CNs) and those incorporated into the larger systems containing carbon atoms, heteroatoms, and inorganic components.. Briefly, we discuss only those topics that focus on structural defects related to introducing perturbation into the surface topology of the ideal lattice structure. The disorder in the crystal structure may vary in character, size, and location, which significantly modifies the physical and chemical properties of CNs or their hybrid combination. We focus mainly on the method using microwave (MW) irradiation, which is a powerful tool for synthesizing and modifying carbon-based solid materials due to its simplicity, the possibility of conducting the reaction in solvents and solid phases, and the presence of components of different chemical natures. Herein, we will emphasize the advantages of synthesis using MW-assisted heating and indicate the influence of the structure of the obtained materials on their physical and chemical properties. It is the first review paper that comprehensively summarizes research in the context of using MW-assisted heating to modify the structure of CNs, paying attention to its remarkable universality and simplicity. In the final part, we emphasize the role of MW-assisted heating in creating defects in CNs and the implications in designing their properties and applications. The presented review is a valuable source summarizing the achievements of scientists in this area of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta E. Plonska-Brzezinska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
180
|
Zhang TT, Lv BH, Fan CC, Shi BY, Cao QJ, Wang W, Tao FF, Dou WD. Controllable Fabrication of Vertical Graphene with Tunable Growth Nature by Remote Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:36245-36252. [PMID: 37810641 PMCID: PMC10552111 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
As an important member of the graphene family, vertical graphene (VG) has broad applications like field emission, energy storage, and sensors owing to its fascinating physical and chemical properties. Among various fabrication methods for VG, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) is most employed because of the fast growth rate at relatively low temperature for the high-quality VG. However, to date, relations between growth manner of VG and growth parameters such as growth temperature, dosage of gaseous carbon source, and electric power to generate plasma are still less known, which in turn hinder the massive production of VG for further applications. In this study, the growth behavior of VG was studied as functions of temperature, plasma power, and gas composition (or chamber pressure). It was found that the growth behavior of VG is sensitive to the growth conditions mentioned above. Although conditions with high growth temperature, large flow rate of mixed gas of methane and carrier gases, and high plasma power may be helpful for the fast growth of VG, brunching of VG is simultaneously enhanced, which in turn decreases the vertical growth nature of VG. High-quality VG can be achieved by optimizing the growth parameters. It was revealed that the vertical growth nature of VG is governed by the electric field at the interfacial layer between VG and the substrate, for which its strength is influenced by the density of plasma. These findings are important for the general understanding of the VG growth and provided a feasible way for the controllable fabrication of VG using the remote PECVD method which is usually believed to be unsuitable for the fabrication of VG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Zhang
- Laboratory
of Low-dimensional Carbon Materials and Department of Physics, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Bing-Hao Lv
- Laboratory
of Low-dimensional Carbon Materials and Department of Physics, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Chen-Chen Fan
- Laboratory
of Low-dimensional Carbon Materials and Department of Physics, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Bi-Yun Shi
- Laboratory
of Low-dimensional Carbon Materials and Department of Physics, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Qiao-Jun Cao
- Laboratory
of Low-dimensional Carbon Materials and Department of Physics, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School
of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Fei-Fei Tao
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing
University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Wei-Dong Dou
- Laboratory
of Low-dimensional Carbon Materials and Department of Physics, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| |
Collapse
|
181
|
Liu K, Réhault J, Liang B, Hambsch M, Zhang Y, Seçkin S, Zhou Y, Shivhare R, Zhang P, Polozij M, König TAF, Qi H, Zhou S, Fery A, Mannsfeld SCB, Kaiser U, Heine T, Banerji N, Dong R, Feng X. A Quasi-2D Polypyrrole Film with Band-Like Transport Behavior and High Charge-Carrier Mobility. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303288. [PMID: 37468165 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Quasi-2D (q2D) conjugated polymers (CPs) are polymers that consist of linear CP chains assembled through non-covalent interactions to form a layered structure. In this work, the synthesis of a novel crystalline q2D polypyrrole (q2DPPy) film at the air/H2 SO4 (95%) interface is reported. The unique interfacial environment facilitates chain extension, prevents disorder, and results in a crystalline, layered assembly of protonated quinoidal chains with a fully extended conformation in its crystalline domains. This unique structure features highly delocalized π-electron systems within the extended chains, which is responsible for the low effective mass and narrow electronic bandgap. Thus, the temperature-dependent charge-transport properties of q2DPPy are investigated using the van der Pauw (vdP) method and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The vdP method reveals that the q2DPPy film exhibits a semiconducting behavior with a thermally activated hopping mechanism in long-range transport between the electrodes. Conversely, THz-TDS reveals a band-like transport, indicating intrinsic charge transport up to a record short-range high THz mobility of ≈107.1 cm2 V-1 s-1 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kejun Liu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern, CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - Julien Réhault
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern, CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - Baokun Liang
- Central Facility of Materials Science Electron Microscopy, Universität Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mike Hambsch
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sezer Seçkin
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yunxia Zhou
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rishi Shivhare
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern, CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - Peng Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Miroslav Polozij
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias A F König
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Haoyuan Qi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Central Facility of Materials Science Electron Microscopy, Universität Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Shengqiang Zhou
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan C B Mannsfeld
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ute Kaiser
- Central Facility of Materials Science Electron Microscopy, Universität Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Heine
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig Research Branch, 04316, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, South Korea
| | - Natalie Banerji
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern, CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - Renhao Dong
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, D-06120, Halle, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
182
|
Salasel AR, Bhowmick S, Riahi R, Alpas AT. Role of graphene concentration on electrochemical and tribological properties of graphene-poly(methyl methacrylate) composite coatings. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS 2023; 57:3877-3896. [PMID: 37771790 PMCID: PMC10522450 DOI: 10.1177/00219983231194901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the influence of graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) concentration on the electrochemical and tribological properties of GNP-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composite coatings. GNP-PMMA coatings were prepared with varying GNP concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 wt %) using the drop-casting method onto AA6061 aluminum alloy substrates. Results showed that the addition of 1.0 wt % GNP increased the tensile strength of PMMA but further increase reduced the tensile strength and fracture strain of the composites. Permeability studies indicated that 1.0GNP-PMMA had the lowest water vapour transition rate. All GNP-PMMA coatings showed a higher coating resistance and impedance modulus at the lowest frequency compared to neat PMMA with 1.0GNP-PMMA having the highest |Z|0.01 Hz value in comparison to the composites with higher GNP concentrations. According to Raman mapping, an increase in the concentration of GNP in the composite resulted in the agglomeration of graphene, which caused the debonding of the graphene-PMMA interfaces and also resulted in a higher number of shear fronts and other defects on the fracture surface that reduced barrier properties of graphene. The specific wear rate of 1.0GNP-PMMA was lower than that of neat PMMA, indicating improved wear resistance. The coefficient of friction was lowest for 5.0GNP-PMMA, although this was due to a higher amount of material being transferred to the counterface. Accordingly, optimizing the GNP concentration enables the development of high-performance PMMA coatings with enhanced strength, improved barrier properties, and reduced wear rates, making them well-suited for applications such as corrosion protection and tribological coatings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Reza Salasel
- Department of Mechanical, Automotive and Materials Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Sukanta Bhowmick
- Department of Mechanical, Automotive and Materials Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Reza Riahi
- Department of Mechanical, Automotive and Materials Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmet T Alpas
- Department of Mechanical, Automotive and Materials Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
183
|
Zhao N, Zhang H, Yang S, Sun Y, Zhao G, Fan W, Yan Z, Lin J, Wan C. Direct Induction of Porous Graphene from Mechanically Strong and Waterproof Biopaper for On-Chip Multifunctional Flexible Electronics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300242. [PMID: 37381614 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Graphene with a 3D porous structure is directly laser-induced on lignocellulosic biopaper under ambient conditions and is further explored for multifunctional biomass-based flexible electronics. The mechanically strong, flexible, and waterproof biopaper is fabricated by surface-functionalizing cellulose with lignin-based epoxy acrylate (LBEA). This composite biopaper shows as high as a threefold increase in tensile strength and excellent waterproofing compared with pure cellulose one. Direct laser writing (DLW) rapidly induces porous graphene from the biopaper in a single step. The porous graphene shows an interconnected carbon network, well-defined graphene domains, and high electrical conductivity (e.g., ≈3 Ω per square), which can be tuned by lignin precursors and loadings as well as lasing conditions. The biopaper in situ embedded with porous graphene is facilely fabricated into flexible electronics for on-chip and paper-based applications. The biopaper-based electronic devices, including the all-solid-state planer supercapacitor, electrochemical and strain biosensors, and Joule heater, show great performances. This study demonstrates the facile, versatile, and low-cost fabrication of multifunctional graphene-based electronics from lignocellulose-based biopaper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Blvd, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Shuhong Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Yisheng Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ganggang Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, 416 South 6th Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Wenjun Fan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Zheng Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, 416 South 6th Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, 416 South 6th Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Caixia Wan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| |
Collapse
|
184
|
Yasir M, Peinetti F, Savi P. Enhanced Graphene Based Electronically Tunable Phase Shifter. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1877. [PMID: 37893314 PMCID: PMC10608978 DOI: 10.3390/mi14101877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an enhanced tunable microwave phase shifter is presented. The phase shifter consists of three short circuited stubs and a tapered line. The stubs are connected to graphene pads. Graphene's tunable conductivity is varied by a DC voltage. This in turn causes a reactance variation at the input of the tapered line, which causes a phase variation. The physical parameters of the stubs are optimized for a maximum reactance variation by the help of analytical models, circuit and full wave simulations. Measurements of an optimized prototype are performed and a dynamic phase variation of 59∘ is obtained with an amplitude variation of less than 1 dB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yasir
- Division of Microrobotics and Control Engineering, Department of Computing Science, University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Fabio Peinetti
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Patrizia Savi
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.P.); (P.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
185
|
Kastner J, Tomarchio F, Decorde N, Kehrer M, Hesser G, Fuchsbauer A. Integration of Inkjet Printed Graphene as a Hole Transport Layer in Organic Solar Cells. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1858. [PMID: 37893294 PMCID: PMC10608915 DOI: 10.3390/mi14101858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates the green production of a graphene ink for inkjet printing and its use as a hole transport layer (HTL) in an organic solar cell. Graphene as an HTL improves the selective hole extraction at the anode and prevents charge recombination at the electronic interface and metal diffusion into the photoactive layer. Graphite was exfoliated in water, concentrated by iterative centrifugation, and characterized by Raman. The concentrated graphene ink was incorporated into inverted organic solar cells by inkjet printing on the active polymer in an ambient atmosphere. Argon plasma was used to enhance wetting of the polymer with the graphene ink during printing. The argon plasma treatment of the active polymer P3HT:PCBM was investigated by XPS, AFM and contact angle measurements. Efficiency and lifetime studies undertaken show that the device with graphene as HTL is fully functional and has good potential for an inkjet printable and flexible alternative to PEDOT:PSS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kastner
- Functional Surfaces and Nanostructures, Profactor GmbH, 4407 Steyr-Gleink, Austria
| | - Flavia Tomarchio
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Nicolas Decorde
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Matthias Kehrer
- Center of Surface- and Nanoanalytics, Johannes Kepler University, 4040 Linz, Austria (G.H.)
| | - Günter Hesser
- Center of Surface- and Nanoanalytics, Johannes Kepler University, 4040 Linz, Austria (G.H.)
| | - Anita Fuchsbauer
- Functional Surfaces and Nanostructures, Profactor GmbH, 4407 Steyr-Gleink, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
186
|
Alsaadi M, Hinchy EP, McCarthy CT, Moritz VF, Portela A, Devine DM. Investigation of Thermal, Mechanical and Shape Memory Properties of 3D-Printed Functionally Graded Nanocomposite Materials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2658. [PMID: 37836299 PMCID: PMC10574263 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a 3D-printed photocurable resin was developed by incorporating graphene nanoplatelets functionalised with melamine to investigate the thermal, mechanical, fracture and shape memory behaviours. The objective of this work was to produce a printed functionally graded nanocomposite material that has a smart temperature-responsive structure; presents good thermal stability, strength and fracture toughness; and can demonstrate shape-changing motions, such as sequential transformations, over time. The functionalised graphene nanoplatelets were examined via thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the degradation temperature of the nanocomposite containing 0.1 wt% of functionalised graphene nanoplatelets at the weight loss of 5% was 304 °C, greater than that of the neat one by 29%. Dynamic mechanical analysis results showed property enhancements of the storage modulus and glass transition temperature. Fracture toughness, tensile strength and impact resistance were improved by 18%, 35% and 78%, respectively. The shape memory tests were performed to obtain the temperature-time recovery behaviour of the 3D-printed structures. The addition of functionalised graphene nanoplatelets demonstrated an enhancement in the shape recovery ratios. Generally, the five subsequent cycles were notably stable with a high recovery ratio of 97-100% for the flat shape and circular shape of the M-GNP specimens. On the other hand, these values were between 91% and 94% for the corresponding neat specimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Alsaadi
- CONFIRM Centre for Smart Manufacturing, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (E.P.H.); (C.T.M.)
- PRISM Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Dublin Rd, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland (A.P.)
- Materials Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Eoin P. Hinchy
- CONFIRM Centre for Smart Manufacturing, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (E.P.H.); (C.T.M.)
- School of Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Conor T. McCarthy
- CONFIRM Centre for Smart Manufacturing, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (E.P.H.); (C.T.M.)
- School of Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Vicente F. Moritz
- PRISM Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Dublin Rd, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland (A.P.)
| | - Alexandre Portela
- PRISM Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Dublin Rd, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland (A.P.)
| | - Declan M. Devine
- PRISM Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Dublin Rd, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland (A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
187
|
Kong H, Yao H, Li Y, Wang Q, Qiu X, Yan J, Zhu J, Wang Y. Mixed-Dimensional van der Waals Heterostructures for Boosting Electricity Generation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18456-18469. [PMID: 37698581 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The emerging technology of harvesting environmental energy using hydrovoltaic devices enriches the conversion forms of renewable energy. It provides more concepts for power supply in micro/nano systems, and hydrovoltaic technology with high performance, usability, and integration is essential for achieving sustainable green energy. Comparing the discovery of multiscale nanomaterials, working layers with innovative microstructures have gradually become the dominant trend in the construction of graphene-based hydrovoltaic devices. However, reports on promoting ion/electron redistribution at the solid-liquid interface through the substrate effect of graphene are accompanied by tedious procedures, nondiverse substrates, and monolithic regulation of enhancement mechanisms. Here, the electrophoretic deposition (EPD)-driven SiC whiskers (SiCw)-assisted graphene transfer process is adopted to alleviate the complexity of the device fabrication caused by graphene transfer. The resulting output performance of the graphene/SiCw (GS) mesh films is significantly boosted. The high integrity of graphene and prominent negative surface charge near the graphene-droplet interface are derived from the overlayer and underlayer inside the graphene-based mixed-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures, respectively. Additionally, a self-powered desalination-monitoring system is designed based on integrated hydrovoltaic devices. Electricity harvested from the ionic solutions is reused for deionization, representing an efficient strategy for energy conversion and utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huiying Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qinhuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
188
|
Aboljadayel ROM, Kinane CJ, Vaz CAF, Love DM, Martin MB, Cabrero-Vilatela A, Braeuninger-Weimer P, Ionescu A, Caruana AJ, Charlton TR, Llandro J, Monteiro PMDS, Barnes CHW, Hofmann S, Langridge S. Measurement of the Induced Magnetic Polarisation of Rotated-Domain Graphene Grown on Co Film with Polarised Neutron Reflectivity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2620. [PMID: 37836260 PMCID: PMC10574451 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we determine the magnetic moment induced in graphene when grown on a cobalt film using polarised neutron reflectivity (PNR). A magnetic signal in the graphene was detected by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra at the C K-edge. From the XMCD sum rules an estimated magnetic moment of 0.3 μB/C atom, while a more accurate estimation of 0.49 μB/C atom was obtained by carrying out a PNR measurement at 300 K. The results indicate that the higher magnetic moment in Co is counterbalanced by the larger lattice mismatch between the Co-C (1.6%) and the slightly longer bond length, inducing a magnetic moment in graphene that is similar to that reported in Ni/graphene heterostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christy John Kinane
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK
| | | | - David Michael Love
- Cavendish Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | | | | | | | - Adrian Ionescu
- Cavendish Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Andrew John Caruana
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Timothy Randall Charlton
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Justin Llandro
- Cavendish Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | | | | | - Stephan Hofmann
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Sean Langridge
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
189
|
Kim C, Hong B, Choi W. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Investigation of a 3D Plasmonic Architecture Utilizing Ag Nanoparticles-Embedded Functionalized Carbon Nanowall. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2617. [PMID: 37836258 PMCID: PMC10574791 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a highly sensitive technique for detecting DNA, proteins, and single molecules. The design of SERS substrates plays a crucial role, with the density of hotspots being a key factor in enhancing Raman spectra. In this study, we employed carbon nanowall (CNW) as the nanostructure and embedded plasmonic nanoparticles (PNPs) to increase hotspot density, resulting in robust Raman signals. To enhance the CNW's performance, we functionalized it via oxygen plasma and embedded silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The authors evaluated the substrate using rhodamine 6G (R6G) as a model target molecule, ranging in concentration from 10-6 M to 10-10 M for a 4 min exposure. Our analysis confirmed a proportional increase in Raman signal intensity with an increase in concentration. The CNW's large specific surface area and graphene domains provide dense hotspots and high charge mobility, respectively, contributing to both the electromagnetic mechanism (EM) and the chemical mechanism (CM) of SERS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chulsoo Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea;
| | - Byungyou Hong
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea;
| | - Wonseok Choi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
190
|
Li J, Li J, Tang J, Tao Z, Xue S, Liu J, Peng H, Chen XQ, Guo J, Zhu X. Direct Observation of Topological Phonons in Graphene. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:116602. [PMID: 37774282 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.116602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Phonons, as the most fundamental emergent bosons in condensed matter systems, play an essential role in the thermal, mechanical, and electronic properties of crystalline materials. Recently, the concept of topology has been introduced to phonon systems, and the nontrivial topological states also exist in phonons due to the constraint by the crystal symmetry of the space group. Although the classification of various topological phonons has been enriched theoretically, experimental studies were limited to several three-dimensional (3D) single crystals with inelastic x-ray or neutron scatterings. The experimental evidence of topological phonons in two-dimensional (2D) materials is absent. Here, using high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy following our theoretical predictions, we directly map out the phonon spectra of the atomically thin graphene in the entire 2D Brillouin zone, and observe two nodal-ring phonons and four Dirac phonons. The closed loops of nodal-ring phonons and the conical structure of Dirac phonons in 2D momentum space are clearly revealed by our measurements, in nice agreement with our theoretical calculations. The ability of 3D mapping (2D momentum space and energy space) of phonon spectra opens up a new avenue to the systematic identification of the topological phononic states. Our work lays a solid foundation for potential applications of topological phonons in superconductivity, dynamic instability, and phonon diode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiade Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiangxu Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jilin Tang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Zhiyu Tao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Siwei Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hailin Peng
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Xing-Qiu Chen
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiandong Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Xuetao Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| |
Collapse
|
191
|
Carlin M, Garrido M, Sosa S, Tubaro A, Prato M, Pelin M. In vitro assessment of skin irritation and corrosion properties of graphene-related materials on a 3D epidermis. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:14423-14438. [PMID: 37623815 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03081d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of graphene-related materials (GRMs) in many technological applications, ranging from electronics to biomedicine, needs a careful evaluation of their impact on human health. Skin contact can be considered one of the most relevant exposure routes to GRMs. Hence, this study is focused on two main adverse outcomes at the skin level, irritation and corrosion, assessed following two specific Test Guidelines (TGs) defined by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (439 and 431, respectively) that use an in vitro 3D reconstructed human epidermis (RhE) model. After the evaluation of their suitability to test a large panel of powdered GRMs, it was found that the latter were not irritants or corrosive. Only GRMs prepared with irritant surfactants, not sufficiently removed, reduced RhE viability at levels lower than those predicting skin irritation (≤50%, after 42 min exposure followed by 42 h recovery), but not at levels lower than those predicting corrosion (<50%, after 3 min exposure or <15% after 1 h exposure). As an additional readout, a hierarchical clustering analysis on a panel of inflammatory mediators (interleukins: IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18; tumor necrosis factor-α and prostaglandin E2) released by RhE exposed to these materials supported the lack of irritant and pro-inflammatory properties. Overall, these results demonstrate that both TGs are useful in assessing GRMs for their irritant or corrosion potential, and that the tested materials did not cause these adverse effects at the skin level. Only GRMs prepared using toxic surfactants, not adequately removed, turned out to be skin irritants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Carlin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Fleming 22, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Marina Garrido
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvio Sosa
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Fleming 22, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Aurelia Tubaro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Fleming 22, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Bilbao, 48013, Spain
| | - Marco Pelin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Fleming 22, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
192
|
Ma L, Tao Q, Chen Y, Lu Z, Liu L, Li Z, Lu D, Wang Y, Liao L, Liu Y. Realizing On/Off Ratios over 10 4 for Sub-2 nm Vertical Transistors. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8303-8309. [PMID: 37646535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Vertical transistors hold promise for the development of ultrascaled transistors. However, their on/off ratios are limited by a strong source-drain tunneling current in the off state, particularly for vertical devices with a sub-5 nm channel length. Here, we report an approach for suppressing the off-state tunneling current by designing the barrier height via a van der Waals metal contact. Via lamination of the Pt electrode on a MoS2 vertical transistor, a high Schottky barrier is observed due to their large work function difference, thus suppressing direct tunneling currents. Meanwhile, this "low-energy" lamination process ensures an optimized metal/MoS2 interface with minimized interface states and defects. Together, the highest on/off ratios of 5 × 105 and 104 are realized in vertical transistors with 5 and 2 nm channel lengths, respectively. Our work not only pushes the on/off ratio limit of vertical transistors but also provides a general rule for reducing short-channel effects in ultrascaled devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Likuan Ma
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Quanyang Tao
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zheyi Lu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Liting Liu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Donglin Lu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yiliu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Lei Liao
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
193
|
Peng M, Nan C, Wang D, Cao M, Zhang L, Liu L, Liu C, Fang D, Zhang Y, Zhai Y, Li Y. Suppression of Secondary Electron Emission from Nickel Surface by Graphene Composites Based on First-Principles Method. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2550. [PMID: 37764579 PMCID: PMC10538101 DOI: 10.3390/nano13182550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Secondary electron emission (SEE) is a fundamental phenomenon of particle/surface interaction, and the multipactor effect induced by SEE can result in disastrous impacts on the performance of microwave devices. To suppress the SEE-induced multipactor, an Ni (111) surface covered with a monolayer of graphene was proposed and studied theoretically via the density functional theory (DFT) method. The calculation results indicated that redistribution of the electron density at the graphene/Ni (111) interface led to variations in the work function and the probability of SEE. To validate the theoretical results, experiments were performed to analyze secondary electron yield (SEY). The measurements showed a significant decrease in the SEY on an Ni (111) surface covered with a monolayer of graphene, accompanied by a decrease in the work function, which is consistent with the statistical evidence of a strong correlation between the work function and SEY of metals. A discussion was given on explaining the experimental phenomenon using theoretical calculation results, where the empty orbitals lead to an electron trapping effect, thereby reducing SEY.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Peng
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Chang Nan
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Laijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Materials and New Processing Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Dangqi Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yiqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yonggui Zhai
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yongdong Li
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| |
Collapse
|
194
|
Yamamoto S, Motoyama M, Suzuki M, Sakakibara R, Ishigaki N, Kumatani A, Norimatsu W, Iriyama Y. Electrochemical Li + Insertion/Extraction Reactions at LiPON/Epitaxial Graphene Interfaces. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16448-16460. [PMID: 37603298 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Redox reactions of the Li+ insertion/extraction from one to two interlayers of graphene (Gr) on area-defined single-crystalline SiC substrates are investigated using lithium phosphorus oxynitride glass (LiPON) as the solid-state electrolyte. Unlike an organic liquid electrolyte, this glassy electrolyte does not induce a reduction current and excludes the desolvation reaction of Li+. Gr electrodes with less than two Gr layers show a single reduction peak and one or two oxidation peaks below +0.21 V (vs Li+/Li), differing distinctly from those of graphite and multilayer Gr, which display multiple peaks (multiple stage transitions). However, this finding aligns with the conventional understanding that graphite stage structure transitions proceed with stepwise increases or decreases in the number of Gr layers between adjacent Li-inserted interlayers. Cyclic voltammetry measurements indicate the presence of surface capacity due to Li+ adsorption/desorption at the LiPON/Gr interface. Moreover, Li+ insertion and extraction induce different charge transfer resistances at the level of a single interlayer. These sensitive measurements are achieved using high-quality epitaxial Gr and LiPON electrolyte, which prevent the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase and the desolvation reaction of Li+. Similar measurements using bilayer Gr produced by chemical vapor deposition coupled with a Gr transfer method and an ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate liquid electrolyte are not reliable. Thus, the proposed method is effective for electrochemical measurement of Gr electrodes with a controlled number of layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Materials Design Innovation Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Munekazu Motoyama
- Department of Materials Design Innovation Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
- Kyushu University Platform of Inter-/Transdisciplinary Energy Research, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580 Japan
| | - Masahiko Suzuki
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan
| | - Ryotaro Sakakibara
- Department of Chemical Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Norikazu Ishigaki
- Department of Materials Design Innovation Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Akichika Kumatani
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
- Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Wataru Norimatsu
- Department of Chemical Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Iriyama
- Department of Materials Design Innovation Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
195
|
Arango Hoyos BE, Osorio HF, Valencia Gómez EK, Guerrero Sánchez J, Del Canto Palominos AP, Larrain FA, Prías Barragán JJ. Exploring the capture and desorption of CO 2 on graphene oxide foams supported by computational calculations. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14476. [PMID: 37660192 PMCID: PMC10475065 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41683-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the highest levels of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere have been recorded, with carbon dioxide (CO2) being one of the GHGs that most concerns mankind due to the rate at which it is generated on the planet. Given its long time of permanence in the atmosphere (between 100 to 150 years); this has deployed research in the scientific field focused on the absorption and desorption of CO2 in the atmosphere. This work presents the study of CO2 adsorption employing materials based on graphene oxide (GO), such as GO foams with different oxidation percentages (3.00%, 5.25%, and 9.00%) in their structure, obtained via an environmentally friendly method. The characterization of CO2 adsorption was carried out in a closed system, within which were placed the GO foams and other CO2 adsorbent materials (zeolite and silica gel). Through a controlled chemical reaction, production of CO2 was conducted to obtain CO2 concentration curves inside the system and calculate from these the efficiency, obtained between 86.28 and 92.20%, yield between 60.10 and 99.50%, and effectiveness of CO2 adsorption of the materials under study. The results obtained suggest that GO foams are a promising material for carbon capture and the future development of a new clean technology, given their highest CO2 adsorption efficiency and yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan E Arango Hoyos
- Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, 7941169, Santiago, Chile
| | - H Franco Osorio
- Electronic Instrumentation Technology Program, Faculty of Basic Science and Technology, Universidad del Quindío, 630001, Armenia, Colombia
| | - E K Valencia Gómez
- Doctoral Program in Physical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Institute of Sciences, Universidad del Quindío, 630004, Armenia, Colombia
| | - J Guerrero Sánchez
- Virtual Materials Modeling Laboratory (LVMM), Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, 22860, Mexico
| | - A P Del Canto Palominos
- Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, 7941169, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe A Larrain
- Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, 7941169, Santiago, Chile
| | - J J Prías Barragán
- Electronic Instrumentation Technology Program, Faculty of Basic Science and Technology, Universidad del Quindío, 630001, Armenia, Colombia.
- Doctoral Program in Physical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Institute of Sciences, Universidad del Quindío, 630004, Armenia, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
196
|
Wang Y, Yang G, Wang G, Min Y, Zhou L, Yang C, Huang J, Dai G. Superlithiation Performance of Pyridinium Polymerized Ionic Liquids with Fast Li + Diffusion Kinetics as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Battery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302811. [PMID: 37194977 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Polymerized ionic liquids (PILs) with super ion diffusion kinetics have aroused considerable attention in rechargeable batteries, which are very promising to solve the problem of the slow ion diffusion kinetics in organic electrode materials. Theoretically, PILs incorporated redox groups are very suitable as anode materials to realize "superlithiation" performance, achieving high lithium storage capacity. In this study, redox pyridinium-based PILs (PILs-Py-400) have been synthesized through trimerization reactions by pyridinium ionic liquids with cyano groups under an appropriate temperature (400 °C). The positively charged skeleton, extended conjugated system, abundant micropores, and amorphous structure for PILs-Py-400 can boost the utilization efficiency of redox sites. A high capacity of 1643 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 (96.7% of the theoretical capacity) has been obtained, indicating intriguing 13 Li+ redox reactions in per repeating unit of one pyridinium ring, one triazine ring, and one methylene. Moreover, PILs-Py-400 exhibit excellent cycling stability with a capacity of around 1100 mAh g-1 at 1.0 A g-1 after 500 cycles, and the capacity retention is 92.2%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeji Wang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Gege Yang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Gaolei Wang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Min
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Le Zhou
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Chaofan Yang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Huang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Dai
- School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
197
|
Hayat A, Sohail M, Moussa SB, Al-Muhanna MK, Iqbal W, Ajmal Z, Raza S, Al-Hadeethi Y, Orooji Y. State, synthesis, perspective applications, and challenges of Graphdiyne and its analogues: A review of recent research. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 319:102969. [PMID: 37598456 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Carbon materials technology provides the possibility of synthesizing low-cost, outstanding performance replacements to noble-metal catalysts for long-term use. Graphdiyne (GDY) is a carbon allotrope with an extremely thin atomic thickness. It consists of carbon elements, that are hybridized with both sp. and sp2, resulting in a multilayered two-dimensional (2D) configuration. Several functional models suggest, that GDY contains spontaneously existing band structure with Dirac poles. This is due to the non-uniform interaction among carbon atoms, which results from various fusions and overlapping of the 2pz subshell. Unlike other carbon allotropes, GDY has Dirac cone arrangements, that in turn give it inimitable physiochemical characteristics. These properties include an adjustable intrinsic energy gap, high speeds charging transport modulation efficiency, and exceptional conductance. Many scientists are interested in such novel, linear, stacked materials, including GDY. As a result, organized synthesis of GDY has been pursued, making it one of the first synthesized GDY materials. There are several methods to manipulate the band structure of GDY, including applying stresses, introducing boron/nitrogen loading, utilizing nanowires, and hydrogenations. The flexibility of GDY can be effectively demonstrated through the formation of nano walls, nanostructures, nanotube patterns, nanorods, or structured striped clusters. GDY, being a carbon material, has a wide range of applications owing to its remarkable structural and electrical characteristics. According to subsequent research, the GDY can be utilized in numerous energy generation processes, such as electrochemical water splitting (ECWS), photoelectrochemical water splitting (PEC WS), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), overall water splitting (OWS), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), energy storage materials, lithium-Ion batteries (LiBs) and solar cell applications. These studies suggested that the use of GDY holds significant potential for the development and implementation of efficient, multimodal, and intelligent catalysts with realistic applications. However, the limitation of GDY and GDY-based composites for forthcoming studies are similarly acknowledged. The objective of these studies is to deliver a comprehensive knowledge of GDY and inspire further advancement and utilization of these unique carbon materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asif Hayat
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, China; College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China
| | - Sana Ben Moussa
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Mohail Asser, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhanna K Al-Muhanna
- The Material Science Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waseem Iqbal
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche (CTC), Università della Calabria, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Zeeshan Ajmal
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Saleem Raza
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, China; College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yas Al-Hadeethi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Lithography in Devices Fabrication and Development Research Group, Deanship of Scientific research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasin Orooji
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
198
|
Lavi A, Ohayon‐Lavi A, Leibovitch Y, Hayun S, Ruse E, Regev O. Thermally Conductive Molten Salt for Thermal Energy Storage: Synergistic Effect of a Hybrid Graphite-Graphene Nanoplatelet Filler. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2023; 7:2300053. [PMID: 37745830 PMCID: PMC10517311 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Renewable energy technologies depend, to a large extent, on the efficiency of thermal energy storage (TES) devices. In such storage applications, molten salts constitute an attractive platform due to their thermal and environmentally friendly properties. However, the low thermal conductivity (TC) of these salts (<1 W m-1 K-1) downgrades the storage kinetics. A commonly used method to enhance TC is the addition of highly conductive carbon-based fillers that form a composite material with molten salt. However, even that enhancement is rather limited (<9 W m-1 K-1). In this study, the partial exfoliation of graphite to graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) in a molten salt matrix is explored as a means to address this problem. A novel approach of hybrid filler formation directly in the molten salt is used to produce graphite-GnP-salt hybrid composite material. The good dispersion quality of the fillers in the salt matrix facilitates bridging between large graphite particles by the smaller GnP particles, resulting in the formation of a thermally conductive network. The thermal conductivity of the hybrid composite (up to 44 W m-1 K-1) is thus enhanced by two orders of magnitude versus that of the pristine salt (0.64 W m-1 K-1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adi Lavi
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐Sheva84105Israel
- Department of ChemistryNuclear Research Center‐NegevP.O.B. 9001Beer‐Sheva84190Israel
| | - Avia Ohayon‐Lavi
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐Sheva84105Israel
- Department of ChemistryNuclear Research Center‐NegevP.O.B. 9001Beer‐Sheva84190Israel
| | - Yelena Leibovitch
- Department of ChemistryNuclear Research Center‐NegevP.O.B. 9001Beer‐Sheva84190Israel
| | - Shmuel Hayun
- Department of Materials EngineeringBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐Sheva84105Israel
| | - Efrat Ruse
- Department of ChemistryNuclear Research Center‐NegevP.O.B. 9001Beer‐Sheva84190Israel
| | - Oren Regev
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐Sheva84105Israel
| |
Collapse
|
199
|
Okuda R, Niwano K, Hatada K, Kokubu K, Suga R, Watanabe T, Koh S. Evaluation of transmission characteristics of CVD-grown graphene and effect of tuning electrical properties of graphene up to 50 GHz. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13878. [PMID: 37620543 PMCID: PMC10449821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40942-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene has been investigated as a transparent conductive film for use in a variety of devices, and in recent years it has shown promise for use in millimeter-wave devices as 5G technology. In this study, we applied single-layer (SL), triple-layer (3L), and P-type doped 3L graphene to coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission lines and obtained transmission characteristics (S21) from 1 to 50 GHz, which covered the 5G band. Furthermore, an equivalent circuit model of the CPW used in the measurements was constructed and simulations were performed, which showed good agreement with the measured results. The results validated the transmission properties of the graphene and the contact impedance at the interface between electrodes and the graphene in CPW circuits, which are necessary parameters for designing antennas using graphene. In addition, by comparing the transmission loss of three types of graphene, the parameters for improving the transmission characteristics were clarified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Okuda
- Technology General Division, Materials Integration Laboratories, AGC Inc., Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Niwano
- Technology General Division, Materials Integration Laboratories, AGC Inc., Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kaname Hatada
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, 252-5258, Japan
| | - Kei Kokubu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, 252-5258, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Suga
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, 252-5258, Japan
| | - Takeshi Watanabe
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, 252-5258, Japan
| | - Shinji Koh
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, 252-5258, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
200
|
Gao H, Sun C, Shang S, Sun B, Sun M, Hu S, Yang H, Hu Y, Feng Z, Zhou W, Liu C, Wang J, Liu H. Wireless Electrical Signals Induce Functional Neuronal Differentiation of BMSCs on 3D Graphene Framework Driven by Magnetic Field. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16204-16220. [PMID: 37531596 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are suggested as candidates for neurodegeneration therapy by autologous stem cells to overcome the lack of neural stem cells in adults. However, the differentiation of BMSCs into functional neurons is a major challenge for neurotherapy. Herein, a methodology has been proposed to induce functional neuronal differentiation of BMSCs on a conductive three-dimensional graphene framework (GFs) combined with a rotating magnetic field. A wireless electrical signal of about 10 μA can be generated on the surface of GFs by cutting the magnetic field lines based on the well-known electromagnetic induction effect, which has been proven to be suitable for inducing neuronal differentiation of BMSCs. The enhanced expressions of the specific genes/proteins and apparent Ca2+ intracellular flow indicate that BMSCs cultured on GFs with 15 min/day rotating magnetic field stimulation for 15 days can differentiate functional neurons without any neural inducing factor. The animal experiments confirm the neural differentiation of BMSCs on GFs after transplantation in vivo, accompanied by stimulation of an external rotating magnetic field. This study overcomes the lack of autologous neural stem cells for adult neurodegeneration patients and provides a facile and safe strategy to induce the neural differentiation of BMSCs, which has potential for clinical applications of neural tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Gao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhui Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Shang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojun Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyuan Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shandanan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichao Feng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijia Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Cryomedicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingang Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shandanan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|