151
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Goncharova ND, Chigarova OA, Oganyan TE. Effect of Vasopressin V1b Receptor Blockade on Activity of the Hypothalamic—Pituitary—Adrenal Axis in Old Monkeys with Depression-Like and Anxious Behavior Subjected to Stress or Injected with Vasopressin. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 166:86-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4294-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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152
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Cavanaugh J, Mustoe A, Womack SL, French JA. Oxytocin modulates mate-guarding behavior in marmoset monkeys. Horm Behav 2018; 106:150-161. [PMID: 30342885 PMCID: PMC6298842 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In socially-monogamous species, intolerance of interactions between a pairmate and a sexual rival (i.e., mate-guarding) promotes the preservation of long-lasting partnerships. One promising neurobiological candidate for the regulation of mate-guarding behavior in monogamous primates is the oxytocin (OT) system, given its established role in both the development of monogamous bonds and the behavioral processes that facilitate the preservation of those bonds. In this study, male and female marmosets were exposed to a same-sex intruder in their home environment during conditions when their pairmate was present and absent, and across three treatment conditions (OT receptor agonist; saline control; OT receptor antagonist). Saline-treated marmosets spent significantly more time in proximity to the intruder, relative to the empty pairmate enclosure, when their pairmate was absent. However, when marmosets received OT they spent less time in proximity to the intruder, indicating that OT may reduce interest in a same-sex stranger in a territorial context. When their pairmate was present, saline-treated marmosets spent equal time in proximity to both intruder and pairmate; yet when they received OT they spent significantly more time in proximity to the intruder, indicating that OT may increase interest in a same-sex stranger in a mate-guarding context. While OT treatment did not directly influence the expression of aggression, OT system manipulations impacted the expression of selective social interest during an intruder challenge, suggesting that OT may enhance adaptive responses to social challenges. Moreover, these findings add to the converging evidence that the OT system regulates behavioral processes that underlie the preservation of established relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Cavanaugh
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, United States of America.
| | - Aaryn Mustoe
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, United States of America
| | - Stephanie L Womack
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey A French
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, United States of America; Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, United States of America
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153
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Mustoe A, Taylor JH, French JA. Oxytocin structure and function in New World monkeys: from pharmacology to behavior. Integr Zool 2018; 13:634-654. [PMID: 29436774 PMCID: PMC6089668 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a hypothalamic nonapeptide that mediates a host of physiological and behavioral processes including reproductive physiology and social attachments. While the OT sequence structure is highly conserved among mammals, New World monkeys (NWMs) represent an unusual "hot spot" in OT structure variability among mammals. At least 6 distinct OT ligand variants among NWMs exist, yet it is currently unclear whether these evolved structural changes result in meaningful functional consequences. NWMs offer a new area to explore how these modifications to OT and its canonical G-protein coupled OT receptor (OTR) may mediate specific cellular, physiological and behavioral outcomes. In this review, we highlight relationships between OT ligand and OTR structural variability, specifically examining coevolution between OT ligands, OTRs, and physiological and behavioral phenotypes across NWMs. We consider whether these evolved modifications to the OT structure alter pharmacological profiles at human and marmoset OTRs, including changes to receptor binding, intracellular signaling and receptor internalization. Finally, we evaluate whether exogenous manipulation using OT variants in marmoset monkeys differentially enhance or impair behavioral processes involved in social relationships between pairmates, opposite-sex strangers, and parents and their offspring. Overall, it appears that changes to OT ligands in NWMs result in important changes ranging from cellular signaling to broad measures of social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaryn Mustoe
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jack H Taylor
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jeffrey A French
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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154
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Gruson D. Oxytocin testing and reproductive health: Status and clinical applications. Clin Biochem 2018; 62:55-61. [PMID: 30392999 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a nonapeptide hormone mainly synthesized in the magnocellular neurons of the paraventricular and supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus. In the extra-hypothalamic brain areas, OT acts like neurotransmitters and modulators. The physiological functions of OT are multiple. OT participates to the coordination and control of gonadal development and reproduction. OT appears also as an important regulator of social behaviors such as affiliative, parental, and romantic behaviors. Recent evidence suggests other roles for OT such as potent effects on cardiometabolic functions or involvement in stress-related disorders. The growing interest around the clinical role of OT raised the question of the measurement of OT levels and performances of assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Gruson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Pôle de recherche en Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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155
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Ondrasek NR, Freeman SM, Bales KL, Calisi RM. Nonapeptide Receptor Distributions in Promising Avian Models for the Neuroecology of Flocking. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:713. [PMID: 30386202 PMCID: PMC6198083 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective behaviors, including flocking and group vocalizing, are readily observable across a diversity of free-living avian populations, yet we know little about how neural and ecological factors interactively regulate these behaviors. Because of their involvement in mediating a variety of social behaviors, including avian flocking, nonapeptides are likely mediators of collective behaviors. To advance the neuroecological study of collective behaviors in birds, we sought to map the neuroanatomical distributions of nonapeptide receptors in three promising avian models that are found across a diversity of environments and widely ranging ecological conditions: European starlings, house sparrows, and rock doves. We performed receptor autoradiography using the commercially available nonapeptide receptor radioligands, 125I-ornithine vasotocin analog and 125I-linear vasopressin antagonist, on brain tissue sections from wild-caught individuals from each species. Because there is known pharmacological cross-reactivity between nonapeptide receptor subtypes, we also performed a novel, competitive-binding experiment to examine the composition of receptor populations. We detected binding in numerous regions throughout the brains of each species, with several similarities and differences worth noting. Specifically, we report that all three species exhibit binding in the lateral septum, a key brain area known to regulate avian flocking. In addition, sparrows and starlings show dense binding in the dorsal arcopallium, an area that has received scant attention in the study of social grouping. Furthermore, our competitive binding results suggest that receptor populations in sparrows and starlings differ in the lateral septum versus the dorsal arcopallium. By providing the first comprehensive maps of nonapeptide receptors in European starlings, house sparrows, and rock doves, our work supports the future use of these species as avian models for neuroecological studies of collective behaviors in wild birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi R Ondrasek
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sara M Freeman
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Karen L Bales
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Rebecca M Calisi
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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156
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Song Z, Albers HE. Cross-talk among oxytocin and arginine-vasopressin receptors: Relevance for basic and clinical studies of the brain and periphery. Front Neuroendocrinol 2018; 51:14-24. [PMID: 29054552 PMCID: PMC5906207 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) act in the brain to regulate social cognition/social behavior and in the periphery to influence a variety of physiological processes. Although the chemical structures of OT and AVP as well as their receptors are quite similar, OT and AVP can have distinct or even opposing actions. Here, we review the increasing body of evidence that exogenously administered and endogenously released OT and AVP can activate each other's canonical receptors (i.e., cross-talk) and examine the possibility that receptor cross-talk following the synaptic and non-synaptic release of OT and AVP contributes to their distinct roles in the brain and periphery. Understanding the consequences of cross-talk between OT and AVP receptors will be important in identifying how these peptides control social cognition and behavior and for the development of drugs to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Song
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - H Elliott Albers
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.
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157
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Unravelling the intravenous and in situ vasopressin effects on the urinary bladder in anesthetized female rats: More than one vasopressin receptor subtype involved? Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 834:109-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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158
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Borland JM, Grantham KN, Aiani LM, Frantz KJ, Albers HE. Role of oxytocin in the ventral tegmental area in social reinforcement. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 95:128-137. [PMID: 29852406 PMCID: PMC6109598 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The rewarding properties of social interactions play a critical role in the development and maintenance of social relationships, and deficits in social reward are associated with various psychiatric disorders. In the present study, we used a novel Operant Social Preference (OSP) task to investigate the reinforcing properties of social interactions under conditions of high or low reward value, and high or low behavioral effort in male Syrian hamsters. Further, we investigated the role of oxytocin (OT) in a key structure of the mesolimbic reward system, the ventral tegmental area (VTA), in mediating the reinforcing properties of social interaction. Adult male hamsters were placed in a three-chambered apparatus, and allowed access to either a social chamber containing an unrestrained conspecific or a non-social chamber, by pushing through a one-way entry, vertical-swing door. Increasing the duration of social interaction (reward value) decreased the frequency of entering the social interaction chambers, whereas decreasing the duration of social interaction conversely increased the frequency of entries. Moreover, increasing behavioral effort required to access social interaction decreased the frequency of entries, especially under conditions when the duration of social interaction was only 5 s. OT injected into the VTA decreased the frequency of entering social interaction chambers in a manner similar to that observed when duration was increased, whereas injection of an OT receptor antagonist in the VTA increased the frequency of seeking social interaction. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that activation of OT receptors in the VTA are critical for the reinforcing properties of social interactions. Furthermore, social interactions may exhibit duration and cost dependent reinforcing effects on behavior similar to those observed with food and drugs of abuse.
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159
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Mull RW, Harrington A, Sanchez LA, Tal-Gan Y. Cyclic Peptides that Govern Signal Transduction Pathways: From Prokaryotes to Multi-Cellular Organisms. Curr Top Med Chem 2018; 18:625-644. [PMID: 29773060 DOI: 10.2174/1568026618666180518090705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic peptide scaffolds are key components of signal transduction pathways in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms since they act as chemical messengers that activate or inhibit specific cognate receptors. In prokaryotic organisms these peptides are utilized in non-essential pathways, such as quorum sensing, that are responsible for virulence and pathogenicity. In the more evolved eukaryotic systems, cyclic peptide hormones play a key role in the regulation of the overall function of multicellular organisms, mainly through the endocrine system. This review will highlight several prokaryote and eukaryote systems that use cyclic peptides as their primary signals and the potential associated with utilizing these scaffolds for the discovery of novel therapeutics for a wide range of diseases and illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W Mull
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, United States
| | - Anthony Harrington
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, United States
| | - Lucia A Sanchez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, United States
| | - Yftah Tal-Gan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, United States
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160
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Han RT, Kim YB, Park EH, Kim JY, Ryu C, Kim HY, Lee J, Pahk K, Shanyu C, Kim H, Back SK, Kim HJ, Kim YI, Na HS. Long-Term Isolation Elicits Depression and Anxiety-Related Behaviors by Reducing Oxytocin-Induced GABAergic Transmission in Central Amygdala. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:246. [PMID: 30158853 PMCID: PMC6104450 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolation stress is a major risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders such as depressive and anxiety disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying isolation-induced neuropsychiatric disorders remain elusive. In the present study, we investigated the subcellular mechanisms by which long-term isolation elicits depression and anxiety-related behaviors in mice. First, we found that long-term isolation induced depression-related behaviors in the forced swimming test (FST) and the sucrose preference test, as well as anxiety-related behaviors in the elevated zero maze test (EZMT) and the open field test. Next, we showed that intracentral amygdala (CeA) injection of oxytocin (OXT), but not intracerebroventricular injection, attenuated isolation-induced depression and anxiety-related behaviors via oxytocin receptor (OXTR), not vasopressin-1a receptor (V1aR), in the FST and EZMT, respectively. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that after 5 weeks of isolation, mRNA transcription of OXTR in the CeA, but not that of V1aR, significantly decreased, whereas OXT and vasopressin mRNA transcription in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus did not change significantly. Whole-cell patch clamping of acute brain slices demonstrated that the frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) in CeA neurons, but not their amplitude, was lower in isolated mice than in group-housed mice. Notably, OXT treatment increased the mIPSC frequency in the CeA neurons, but to a lesser extent in the case of isolated mice than in that of group-housed mice via OXTR. Taken together, our findings suggest that long-term isolation down-regulates OXTR mRNA transcription and diminishes OXT-induced inhibitory synaptic transmission in the CeA and may contribute to the development of depression and anxiety-related behaviors in isolated mice through the enhancement of CeA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael T Han
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Beom Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eui-Ho Park
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Yong Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Changhyeon Ryu
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Y Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - JaeHee Lee
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kisoo Pahk
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Cui Shanyu
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung K Back
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biotechnology, College of Medical Engineering, Konyang University, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Hee J Kim
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Science and Technology College, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Yang In Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heung S Na
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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161
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Taylor JH, Schulte NA, French JA, Toews ML. Binding Characteristics of Two Oxytocin Variants and Vasopressin at Oxytocin Receptors from Four Primate Species with Different Social Behavior Patterns. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 367:101-107. [PMID: 30068728 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.250852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A clade of New World monkeys (NWMs) exhibits considerable diversity in both oxytocin (OT) ligand and oxytocin receptor (OTR) structure. Most notable is the variant Pro8-OT, with proline instead of leucine at the eighth position, resulting in a rigid bend in the peptide backbone. A higher proportion of species that express Pro8-OT also engage in biparental care and social monogamy. When marmosets (genus Callithrix), a biparental and monogamous Pro8-OT NWM species, are administered the ancestral Leu8-OT, there is no change in social behavior compared with saline treatment. However, when Pro8-OT is administered, marmosets' sociosexual and prosocial behaviors are altered. The studies here tested the hypothesis that OTR binding affinities and OT-induced intracellular Ca2+ potencies would favor the native OT ligand in OTRs from four primate species, each representing a unique combination of ancestral lineage, breeding system, and native OT ligand: humans (Leu8-OT, monogamous, apes), macaques (Leu8-OT, nonmonogamous, Old World monkey), marmosets (Pro8-OT, monogamous, NWM), and titi monkeys (Leu8-OT, monogamous, NWM). OTRs were expressed in immortalized Chinese hamster ovary cells and tested for intact-cell binding affinities for Pro8-OT, Leu8-OT, and arginine vasopressin (AVP), as well as intracellular Ca2+ signaling after stimulation with Pro8-OT, Leu8-OT, and AVP. Contrary to our hypothesis, Pro8-OT bound at modestly higher affinities and stimulated calcium signaling at modestly higher potencies compared with Leu8-OT in all four primate OTRs. Thus, differences downstream from a ligand-receptor binding event are more likely to explain the different behavioral responses to these two ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack H Taylor
- Departments of Psychology (J.H.T., J.A.F.) and Biology (J.A.F.), Callitrichid Research Center, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (N.A.S., M.L.T.)
| | - Nancy A Schulte
- Departments of Psychology (J.H.T., J.A.F.) and Biology (J.A.F.), Callitrichid Research Center, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (N.A.S., M.L.T.)
| | - Jeffrey A French
- Departments of Psychology (J.H.T., J.A.F.) and Biology (J.A.F.), Callitrichid Research Center, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (N.A.S., M.L.T.)
| | - Myron L Toews
- Departments of Psychology (J.H.T., J.A.F.) and Biology (J.A.F.), Callitrichid Research Center, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (N.A.S., M.L.T.)
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162
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Janeček M, Dabrowska J. Oxytocin facilitates adaptive fear and attenuates anxiety responses in animal models and human studies-potential interaction with the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST). Cell Tissue Res 2018; 375:143-172. [PMID: 30054732 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2889-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite its relatively well-understood role as a reproductive and pro-social peptide, oxytocin (OT) tells a more convoluted story in terms of its modulation of fear and anxiety. This nuanced story has been obscured by a great deal of research into the therapeutic applications of exogenous OT, driving more than 400 ongoing clinical trials. Drawing from animal models and human studies, we review the complex evidence concerning OT's role in fear learning and anxiety, clarifying the existing confusion about modulation of fear versus anxiety. We discuss animal models and human studies demonstrating the prevailing role of OT in strengthening fear memory to a discrete signal or cue, which allows accurate and rapid threat detection that facilitates survival. We also review ostensibly contrasting behavioral studies that nonetheless provide compelling evidence of OT attenuating sustained contextual fear and anxiety-like behavior, arguing that these OT effects on the modulation of fear vs. anxiety are not mutually exclusive. To disambiguate how endogenous OT modulates fear and anxiety, an understudied area compared to exogenous OT, we survey behavioral studies utilizing OT receptor (OTR) antagonists. Based on emerging evidence about the role of OTR in rat dorsolateral bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) and elsewhere, we postulate that OT plays a critical role in facilitating accurate discrimination between stimuli representing threat and safety. Supported by human studies, we demonstrate that OT uniquely facilitates adaptive fear but reduces maladaptive anxiety. Last, we explore the limited literature on endogenous OT and its interaction with corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) with a special emphasis on the dorsolateral BNST, which may hold the key to the neurobiology of phasic fear and sustained anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Janeček
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Joanna Dabrowska
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.
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163
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164
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Putnam PT, Young LJ, Gothard KM. Bridging the gap between rodents and humans: The role of non-human primates in oxytocin research. Am J Primatol 2018; 80:e22756. [PMID: 29923206 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT), a neuropeptide that acts in the brain as a neuromodulator, has been long known to shape maternal physiology and behavior in mammals, however its role in regulating social cognition and behavior in primates has come to the forefront only in the recent decade. Many of the current perspectives on the role of OT in modulating social behavior emerged first from studies in rodents, where invasive techniques with a high degree of precision have permitted the mechanistic dissection of OT-related behaviors, as well as their underlying neural circuits in exquisite detail. In parallel, behavioral and imaging studies in humans have suggested that brain OT may similarly influence human social behavior and neural activity. These studies in rodents and humans have spurred interest in the therapeutic potential of targeting the OT system to remedy deficits in social cognition and behavior that are present across numerous psychiatric disorders. Yet there remains a tremendous gap in our mechanistic understanding of the influence of brain OT on social neural circuitry between rodents and man. In fact, very little is known regarding the neural mechanisms by which exogenous or endogenous OT influences human social cognition, limiting its therapeutic potential. Here we discuss how non-human primates (NHPs) are uniquely positioned to now bridge the gaps in knowledge provided by the precise circuit-level approaches widely used in rodent models and the behavioral, imaging, and clinical studies in humans. This review provides a perspective on what has been achieved, and what can be expected from exploring the role of OT in shaping social behaviors in NHPs in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip T Putnam
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Silvio O. Conte Center for Oxytocin and Social Cognition, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Larry J Young
- Silvio O. Conte Center for Oxytocin and Social Cognition, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Psychiatry, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Katalin M Gothard
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Silvio O. Conte Center for Oxytocin and Social Cognition, Atlanta, Georgia
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165
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Oxytocin and vasopressin flatten dominance hierarchy and enhance behavioral synchrony in part via anterior cingulate cortex. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8201. [PMID: 29844336 PMCID: PMC5974023 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25607-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptides oxytocin (OT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) influence social functions in many mammals. In humans and rhesus macaques, OT delivered intranasally can promote prosocial behavior in certain contexts. Yet the precise neural mechanisms mediating these behavioral effects remain unclear. Here we show that treating a group of male macaque monkeys intranasally with aerosolized OT relaxes their spontaneous social interactions with other monkeys. OT reduces differences in social behavior between dominant and subordinate monkeys, thereby flattening the status hierarchy. OT also increases behavioral synchrony within a pair. Intranasal delivery of aerosolized AVP reproduces the effects of OT with greater efficacy. Remarkably, all behavioral effects are replicated when OT or AVP is injected focally into the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACCg), a brain area linked to empathy and other-regarding behavior. ACCg lacks OT receptors but is rich in AVP receptors, suggesting exogenous OT may shape social behavior, in part, via nonspecific binding. Notably, OT and AVP alter behaviors of both the treated monkey and his untreated partner, consistent with enhanced feedback through reciprocal social interactions. These findings bear important implications for use of OT in both basic research and as a therapy for social impairments in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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166
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Kang SW, Jayanthi S, Nagarajan G, Suresh Kumar TK, Kuenzel WJ. Identification of avian vasotocin receptor subtype-specific antagonists involved in the stress response of the chicken, Gallus gallus. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:1685-1699. [PMID: 29658387 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1464957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Vasotocin 1a and 1b receptors (V1aR and V1bR) have been shown to play important roles in the neuroendocrine regulation of stress responses via the anterior pituitary (AP) of birds. To identify effective subtype-specific antagonists for the chicken V1aR (cV1aR) and cV1bR, potential antagonists to the mammalian V1R were screened against the cV1aR and cV1bR 3D structural models by molecular docking analysis with determination of binding pocket/amino acid residues involved in the interaction. The antagonistic effects of the selected ligands were examined by measuring pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) heteronuclear RNA (hnPOMC) levels following the in vitro stress administration to primary chicken AP cells. Results of in silico analysis showed that the Manning compound and several other antagonists were bound to cV1bR with higher affinity than the natural agonist, arginine vasotocin (AVT). Similarities and differences in the antagonist-receptor binding interface with receptors were characterized for each ligand. Non-peptide mammalian V1bR antagonists, SSR-149415 and L-368899, were shown to be effective and had an additive effect in blocking POMC hnRNA expression in pituitary cell culture studies. SR-49059 antagonized the effect(s) of AVT/CRH on the downregulation of the cV1aR and the upregulation of the cCRH-R2 expression but not the cV1bR and cCRH-R1. The Manning compound antagonized the downregulation of cV1aR, cV1bR and cCRH-R1 and the upregulation of cCRH-R2 expression. The specificity of antagonists apparently resulted from unique differences in the interacting residues and their binding affinities. Collectively, these results provide valuable leads for future development of novel compounds capable of blocking or attenuating the AP stress response of avian species and perhaps other non-mammalian vertebrates as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong W Kang
- a Department of Poultry Sciences , University of Arkansas , Fayetteville , AR , USA
| | - Srinivas Jayanthi
- b Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Arkansas , Fayetteville , AR , USA
| | - Gurueswar Nagarajan
- a Department of Poultry Sciences , University of Arkansas , Fayetteville , AR , USA
| | | | - Wayne J Kuenzel
- a Department of Poultry Sciences , University of Arkansas , Fayetteville , AR , USA
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167
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Everett NA, McGregor IS, Baracz SJ, Cornish JL. The role of the vasopressin V1A receptor in oxytocin modulation of methamphetamine primed reinstatement. Neuropharmacology 2018; 133:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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168
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Search of vasopressin analogs with antiproliferative activity on small-cell lung cancer: drug design based on two different approaches. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:879-894. [PMID: 29589487 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Development of compounds with therapeutic application requires the interaction of different disciplines. Several tumors express vasopressin (AVP; arginine vasopressin) receptors with contrasting effects depending on receptor subtype. Desmopressin (dDAVP) is an AVP-selective analog with antiproliferative properties. In this work, an evolutionary approach and a rational strategy were applied in order to design novel AVP analogs. RESULTS We designed two novel analogs; dDInotocin (dDINT, insect analog), and [V4Q5]dDAVP, and demonstrated the importance of the dDAVP conformational loop for its antiproliferative activity. [V4Q5] dDAVP showed major cytostatic effect on lung cancer cells than dDAVP and its cytostatic effect was abolished by V2R blockade. CONCLUSION Combination of these strategies could provide the basis for future studies for the development of improved compounds with potential therapeutic applications.
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169
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Corbani M, Marir R, Trueba M, Chafai M, Vincent A, Borie AM, Desarménien MG, Ueta Y, Tomboly C, Olma A, Manning M, Guillon G. Neuroanatomical distribution and function of the vasopressin V 1B receptor in the rat brain deciphered using specific fluorescent ligands. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 258:15-32. [PMID: 29155265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It is now accepted that vasopressin, through V1A/V1B receptors, centrally regulates cognitive functions such as memory, affiliation, stress, fear and depression. However, the respective roles of these receptor isoforms and their contribution to stress-related pathologies remain uncertain. The development of new therapeutic treatments requires a precise knowledge of the distribution of these receptors within the brain, which has been so far hampered by the lack of selective V1B markers. In the present study, we have determined the pharmacological properties of three new potent rat V1B fluorescent ligands and demonstrated that they constitute valuable tools for simultaneous visualization and activation of native V1B receptors in living rat brain tissue. Thus, d[Leu4,Lys-Alexa 647)8]VP (analogue 3), the compound with the best affinity-selectivity/fluorescence ratio for the V1B receptor emerged as the most promising. The rat brain regions most concerned by stress such as hippocampus, olfactory bulbs, cortex and amygdala display the highest V1B fluorescent labelling with analogue 3. In the hippocampus CA2, V1B receptors are located on glutamatergic, not GABAergic neurones, and are absent from astrocytes. Using AVP-EGFP rats, we demonstrate the presence of V1B autoreceptors on AVP-secreting neurones not only in the hypothalamus, but also sparsely in the hippocampus. Finally, using both electrophysiology and visualization of ERK phosphorylation, we show analogue 3-induced activation of the V1B receptor in situ. This will help to analyse expression and functionality of V1B receptors in the brain and contribute to further explore the AVPergic circuitry in normal and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maithé Corbani
- Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS UMR5203, INSERM U661, University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 cedex 05, France.
| | - Rafik Marir
- Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS UMR5203, INSERM U661, University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 cedex 05, France
| | - Miguel Trueba
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Basque Country University, Leioa, Spain
| | - Magda Chafai
- Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS UMR5203, INSERM U661, University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 cedex 05, France
| | - Anne Vincent
- Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS UMR5203, INSERM U661, University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 cedex 05, France
| | - Amélie M Borie
- Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS UMR5203, INSERM U661, University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 cedex 05, France
| | - Michel G Desarménien
- Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS UMR5203, INSERM U661, University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 cedex 05, France
| | - Yoichi Ueta
- Department of Physiology, School of Medecine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Csaba Tomboly
- Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Aleksandra Olma
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego Str.116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, College of Medicine, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Maurice Manning
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, College of Medicine, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Gilles Guillon
- Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS UMR5203, INSERM U661, University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 cedex 05, France
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170
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Rilling JK, Chen X, Chen X, Haroon E. Intranasal oxytocin modulates neural functional connectivity during human social interaction. Am J Primatol 2018; 80:e22740. [PMID: 29427292 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) modulates social behavior in primates and many other vertebrate species. Studies in non-primate animals have demonstrated that, in addition to influencing activity within individual brain areas, OT influences functional connectivity across networks of areas involved in social behavior. Previously, we used fMRI to image brain function in human subjects during a dyadic social interaction task following administration of either intranasal oxytocin (INOT) or placebo, and analyzed the data with a standard general linear model. Here, we conduct an extensive re-analysis of these data to explore how OT modulates functional connectivity across a neural network that animal studies implicate in social behavior. OT induced widespread increases in functional connectivity in response to positive social interactions among men and widespread decreases in functional connectivity in response to negative social interactions among women. Nucleus basalis of Meynert, an important regulator of selective attention and motivation with a particularly high density of OT receptors, had the largest number of OT-modulated connections. Regions known to receive mesolimbic dopamine projections such as the nucleus accumbens and lateral septum were also hubs for OT effects on functional connectivity. Our results suggest that the neural mechanism by which OT influences primate social cognition may include changes in patterns of activity across neural networks that regulate social behavior in other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- James K Rilling
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.,Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Xiangchuan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ebrahim Haroon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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171
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Baran NM, Peck SC, Kim TH, Goldstein MH, Adkins-Regan E. Early life manipulations of vasopressin-family peptides alter vocal learning. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 284:rspb.2017.1114. [PMID: 28724738 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vocal learning from social partners is crucial for the successful development of communication in a wide range of species. Social interactions organize attention and enhance motivation to learn species-typical behaviour. However, the neurobiological mechanisms connecting social motivation and vocal learning are unknown. Using zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata), a ubiquitous model for vocal learning, we show that manipulations of nonapeptide hormones in the vasopressin family (arginine vasotocin, AVT) early in development can promote or disrupt both song and social motivation. Young male zebra finches, like human infants, are socially gregarious and require interactive feedback from adult tutors to learn mature vocal forms. To investigate the role of social motivational mechanisms in song learning, in two studies, we injected hatchling males with AVT or Manning compound (MC, a nonapeptide receptor antagonist) on days 2-8 post-hatching and recorded song at maturity. In both studies, MC males produced a worse match to tutor song than controls. In study 2, which experimentally controlled for tutor and genetic factors, AVT males also learned song significantly better compared with controls. Furthermore, song similarity correlated with several measures of social motivation throughout development. These findings provide the first evidence that nonapeptides are critical to the development of vocal learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Baran
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA .,School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Samantha C Peck
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Tabitha H Kim
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Adkins-Regan
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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172
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Insular cortex mediates approach and avoidance responses to social affective stimuli. Nat Neurosci 2018; 21:404-414. [PMID: 29379116 PMCID: PMC6051351 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-018-0071-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Social animals detect the affective states of conspecifics and utilize this information to orchestrate social interactions. In a social affective preference text in which experimental adult male rats could interact with either naive or stressed conspecifics, the experimental rats either approached or avoided the stressed conspecific, depending upon the age of the conspecific. Specifically, experimental rats approached stressed juveniles but avoided stressed adults. Inhibition of insular cortex, which is implicated in social cognition, and blockade of insular oxytocin receptors disrupted the social affective behaviors. Oxytocin application increased intrinsic excitability and synaptic efficacy in acute insular cortex slices, and insular oxytocin administration recapitulated the behaviors observed toward stressed conspecifics. Network analysis of c-Fos immunoreactivity in 29 regions identified functional connectivity between insular cortex, prefrontal cortex, amygdala and the social decision-making network. These results implicate insular cortex as a key component in the circuit underlying age-dependent social responses to stressed conspecifics.
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173
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174
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Grund T, Goyon S, Li Y, Eliava M, Liu H, Charlet A, Grinevich V, Neumann ID. Neuropeptide S Activates Paraventricular Oxytocin Neurons to Induce Anxiolysis. J Neurosci 2017; 37:12214-12225. [PMID: 29118105 PMCID: PMC6596824 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2161-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides, such as neuropeptide S (NPS) and oxytocin (OXT), represent potential options for the treatment of anxiety disorders due to their potent anxiolytic profile. In this study, we aimed to reveal the mechanisms underlying the behavioral action of NPS, and present a chain of evidence that the effects of NPS within the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) are mediated via actions on local OXT neurons in male Wistar rats. First, retrograde studies identified NPS fibers originating in the brainstem locus coeruleus, and projecting to the PVN. FACS identified prominent NPS receptor expression in PVN-OXT neurons. Using genetically encoded calcium indicators, we further demonstrated that NPS reliably induces a transient increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration in a subpopulation of OXT neurons, an effect mediated by NPS receptor. In addition, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) NPS evoked a significant somatodendritic release of OXT within the PVN as assessed by microdialysis in combination with a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay. Finally, we could show that the anxiolytic effect of NPS seen after i.c.v. or intra-PVN infusion requires responsive OXT neurons of the PVN and locally released OXT. Thus, pharmacological blockade of OXT receptors as well as chemogenetic silencing of OXT neurons within the PVN prevented the effect of synthetic NPS. In conclusion, our results indicate a significant role of the OXT system in mediating the effects of NPS on anxiety, and fill an important gap in our understanding of brain neuropeptide interactions in the context of regulation of emotional behavior within the hypothalamus.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Given the rising scientific interest in neuropeptide research in the context of emotional and stress-related behaviors, our findings demonstrate a novel intrahypothalamic mechanism involving paraventricular oxytocin neurons that express the neuropeptide S receptor. These neurons respond with transient Ca2+ increase and somatodendritic oxytocin release following neuropeptide S stimulation. Thereby, oxytocin neurons seem essential for neuropeptide S-induced anxiolysis, as this effect was blocked by pharmacological and chemogenetic inhibition of the oxytocin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grund
- Department of Behavioral and Molecular Neurobiology, Regensburg Center of Neuroscience, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Goyon
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences UPR3212, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Yuting Li
- Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Marina Eliava
- Division of Neuropeptides (V078), German Cancer Research Center, Central Institute of Mental Health, CellNetwork Cluster of Excellence, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and
| | - Haikun Liu
- Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Alexandre Charlet
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences UPR3212, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg, Institute for Advanced Study, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Division of Neuropeptides (V078), German Cancer Research Center, Central Institute of Mental Health, CellNetwork Cluster of Excellence, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and
| | - Inga D Neumann
- Department of Behavioral and Molecular Neurobiology, Regensburg Center of Neuroscience, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany,
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175
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Korpal AK, Han SY, Schwenke DO, Brown CH. A switch from GABA inhibition to excitation of vasopressin neurons exacerbates the development angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. J Neuroendocrinol 2017; 30. [PMID: 29222949 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypothalamic magnocellular neurons secrete vasopressin into the systemic circulation to maintain blood pressure by increasing renal water reabsorption and by vasoconstriction. When blood pressure rises, baroreflex activation normally inhibits vasopressin neurons via activation of GABAergic inputs. However, plasma vasopressin levels are paradoxically elevated in several models of hypertension and in some patients with essential hypertension, despite increased blood pressure. We have previously shown that vasopressin neuron activity is increased early in the development of moderate angiotensin II-dependent hypertension via blunted baroreflex inhibition of vasopressin neurons. Here, we show that antagonism of vasopressin-induced vasoconstriction slows the development of hypertension and that local administration of a GABAA receptor antagonist inhibits vasopressin neurons during, but not before, the onset of hypertension. Taken together, our data suggest that vasopressin exacerbates the increase in blood pressure evident early in the development hypertension and that blunted baroreflex inhibition of vasopressin neurons is underpinned by an excitatory shift in their response to endogenous GABA signalling. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron K Korpal
- Brain Health Research Centre University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Centre for, Neuroendocrinology University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Heart Otago and University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Su Young Han
- Brain Health Research Centre University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Centre for, Neuroendocrinology University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Heart Otago and University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Daryl O Schwenke
- Heart Otago and University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Colin H Brown
- Brain Health Research Centre University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Centre for, Neuroendocrinology University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Heart Otago and University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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176
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Muttenthaler M, Andersson Å, Vetter I, Menon R, Busnelli M, Ragnarsson L, Bergmayr C, Arrowsmith S, Deuis JR, Chiu HS, Palpant NJ, O'Brien M, Smith TJ, Wray S, Neumann ID, Gruber CW, Lewis RJ, Alewood PF. Subtle modifications to oxytocin produce ligands that retain potency and improved selectivity across species. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/508/eaan3398. [PMID: 29208680 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aan3398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin and vasopressin mediate various physiological functions that are important for osmoregulation, reproduction, cardiovascular function, social behavior, memory, and learning through four G protein-coupled receptors that are also implicated in high-profile disorders. Targeting these receptors is challenging because of the difficulty in obtaining ligands that retain selectivity across rodents and humans for translational studies. We identified a selective and more stable oxytocin receptor (OTR) agonist by subtly modifying the pharmacophore framework of human oxytocin and vasopressin. [Se-Se]-oxytocin-OH displayed similar potency to oxytocin but improved selectivity for OTR, an effect that was retained in mice. Centrally infused [Se-Se]-oxytocin-OH potently reversed social fear in mice, confirming that this action was mediated by OTR and not by V1a or V1b vasopressin receptors. In addition, [Se-Se]-oxytocin-OH produced a more regular contraction pattern than did oxytocin in a preclinical labor induction and augmentation model using myometrial strips from cesarean sections. [Se-Se]-oxytocin-OH had no activity in human cardiomyocytes, indicating a potentially improved safety profile and therapeutic window compared to those of clinically used oxytocin. In conclusion, [Se-Se]-oxytocin-OH is a novel probe for validating OTR as a therapeutic target in various biological systems and is a promising new lead for therapeutic development. Our medicinal chemistry approach may also be applicable to other peptidergic signaling systems with similar selectivity issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia. .,Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Åsa Andersson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4104, Australia
| | - Rohit Menon
- Department of Behavioral and Molecular Neurobiology, Regensburg Center of Neuroscience, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marta Busnelli
- CNR-Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Lotten Ragnarsson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Christian Bergmayr
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Arrowsmith
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Harris-Wellbeing Preterm Birth Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Jennifer R Deuis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Han Sheng Chiu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nathan J Palpant
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Margaret O'Brien
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 CF50, Ireland
| | - Terry J Smith
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 CF50, Ireland
| | - Susan Wray
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Harris-Wellbeing Preterm Birth Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Inga D Neumann
- Department of Behavioral and Molecular Neurobiology, Regensburg Center of Neuroscience, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian W Gruber
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Paul F Alewood
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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177
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Bowen MT, Neumann ID. Rebalancing the Addicted Brain: Oxytocin Interference with the Neural Substrates of Addiction. Trends Neurosci 2017; 40:691-708. [PMID: 29128108 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Drugs that act on the brain oxytocin (OXT) system may provide a much-needed treatment breakthrough for substance-use disorders. Targeting the brain OXT system has the potential to treat addiction to all major classes of addictive substance and to intervene across all stages of the addiction cycle. Emerging evidence suggests that OXT is able to interfere with such a wide range of addictive behaviours for such a wide range of addictive substances by rebalancing core neural systems that become dysregulated over the course of addiction. By improving our understanding of these interactions between OXT and the neural substrates of addiction, we will not only improve our understanding of addiction, but also our ability to effectively treat these devastating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Bowen
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Inga D Neumann
- Regensburg Center of Neuroscience, Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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178
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Dong N, Du P, Hao X, He Z, Hou W, Wang L, Yuan W, Yang J, Jia R, Tai F. Involvement of GABA A receptors in the regulation of social preference and emotional behaviors by oxytocin in the central amygdala of female mandarin voles. Neuropeptides 2017; 66:8-17. [PMID: 28764883 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) is the main output of the amygdala and plays an important role in behavioral and neuroendocrine responses to stress. Receptors for the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) and GABAA are found in high concentration in the CeA. The mechanisms underlying regulation of CeA OT in emotional and social behavior remain unclear. In this study we evaluated the effects of intra-CeA OT administration of different doses (0.1, 1 and 10ng/side), OT receptor antagonist (OTR-A) (1, 10 and 100ng/side) and OT plus OTR-A on social and emotional behavior using a social preference paradigm, open field test and elevated plus maze test in female monogamous mandarin voles (Microtus mandarinus). We then examined whether different doses of the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline (5, 10 and 100ng/side) affected the behavioral changes induced by intra-CeA microinjection of OT (1ng/side). We found that administration of OT to the CeA increased social preference, central area investigation times in the open field test, and visits, transitions and time spent in the open arms in the elevated plus maze test; all responses were dose-dependent. Administration of OT plus OTR-A to the CeA produced no effects. Administration of bicuculline in combination with OT to the CeA decreased social preference, central area investigation times in the open field test, and visits, transitions and time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze test. These data suggest that OT in the CeA facilitates sociality and reduces levels of anxiety by interacting with local GABAA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Dong
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Peirong Du
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Xin Hao
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Zhixiong He
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Wenjuan Hou
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Jinfeng Yang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China.
| | - Fadao Tai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China.
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179
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Khan M, Huang T, Lin CY, Wu J, Fan BM, Bian ZX. Exploiting cancer's phenotypic guise against itself: targeting ectopically expressed peptide G-protein coupled receptors for lung cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104615-104637. [PMID: 29262666 PMCID: PMC5732832 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, claiming millions of lives annually, has the highest mortality rate worldwide. This advocates the development of novel cancer therapies that are highly toxic for cancer cells but negligibly toxic for healthy cells. One of the effective treatments is targeting overexpressed surface receptors of cancer cells with receptor-specific drugs. The receptors-in-focus in the current review are the G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are often overexpressed in various types of tumors. The peptide subfamily of GPCRs is the pivot of the current article owing to the high affinity and specificity to and of their cognate peptide ligands, and the proven efficacy of peptide-based therapeutics. The article summarizes various ectopically expressed peptide GPCRs in lung cancer, namely, Cholecystokinin-B/Gastrin receptor, the Bombesin receptor family, Bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors, Arginine vasopressin receptors 1a, 1b and 2, and the Somatostatin receptor type 2. The autocrine growth and pro-proliferative pathways they mediate, and the distinct tumor-inhibitory effects of somatostatin receptors are then discussed. The next section covers how these pathways may be influenced or 'corrected' through therapeutics (involving agonists and antagonists) targeting the overexpressed peptide GPCRs. The review proceeds on to Nano-scaled delivery platforms, which enclose chemotherapeutic agents and are decorated with peptide ligands on their external surface, as an effective means of targeting cancer cells. We conclude that targeting these overexpressed peptide GPCRs is potentially evolving as a highly promising form of lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahjabin Khan
- Laboratory of Brain-Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, HKSAR, Kowloon Tong, P.R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- Laboratory of Brain-Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, HKSAR, Kowloon Tong, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Lin
- Laboratory of Brain-Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, HKSAR, Kowloon Tong, P.R. China
- YMU-HKBU Joint Laboratory of Traditional Natural Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Min Fan
- YMU-HKBU Joint Laboratory of Traditional Natural Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- Laboratory of Brain-Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, HKSAR, Kowloon Tong, P.R. China
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180
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Vasopressin excites interneurons to suppress hippocampal network activity across a broad span of brain maturity at birth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E10819-E10828. [PMID: 29183979 PMCID: PMC5740624 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1717337114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During birth in mammals, a pronounced surge of fetal peripheral stress hormones takes place to promote survival in the transition to the extrauterine environment. However, it is not known whether the hormonal signaling involves central pathways with direct protective effects on the perinatal brain. Here, we show that arginine vasopressin specifically activates interneurons to suppress spontaneous network events in the perinatal hippocampus. Experiments done on the altricial rat and precocial guinea pig neonate demonstrated that the effect of vasopressin is not dependent on the level of maturation (depolarizing vs. hyperpolarizing) of postsynaptic GABAA receptor actions. Thus, the fetal mammalian brain is equipped with an evolutionarily conserved mechanism well-suited to suppress energetically expensive correlated network events under conditions of reduced oxygen supply at birth.
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181
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Du P, He Z, Cai Z, Hao X, Dong N, Yuan W, Hou W, Yang J, Jia R, Tai F. Chronic central oxytocin infusion impairs sociability in mandarin voles. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 161:38-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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182
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Rault JL, van den Munkhof M, Buisman-Pijlman FTA. Oxytocin as an Indicator of Psychological and Social Well-Being in Domesticated Animals: A Critical Review. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1521. [PMID: 28955264 PMCID: PMC5601408 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin is often portrayed as a hormone specific to social behavior, reflective of positive welfare states, and linked to mental states. Research on oxytocin in domesticated animal species has been few to date but is rapidly increasing (in dog, pig, cattle, sheep), with direct implications for animal welfare. This review evaluates the evidence for the specificity of oxytocin as an indicator of: 1. Social, 2. Positive, and 3. Psychological well-being. Oxytocin has most often been studied in socially relevant paradigms, with a lack of non-social control paradigms. Oxytocin research appears biased toward investigating positive valence, with a lack of control in valence or arousal. Oxytocin actions are modulated by the environmental and social contexts, which are important factors to consider. Limited evidence supports that oxytocin's actions are linked to psychological states; nevertheless whether this is a direct effect of oxytocin per se remains to be demonstrated. Overall, it is premature to judge oxytocin's potential as an animal welfare indicator given the few and discrepant findings and a lack of standardization in methodology. We cover potential causes for discrepancies and suggest solutions through appropriate methodological design, oxytocin sampling or delivery, analysis and reporting. Of particular interest, the oxytocinergic system as a whole remains poorly understood. Appreciation for the differences that social contact and group living pose in domesticated species and the way they interact with humans should be key considerations in using oxytocin as a psychosocial indicator of well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Loup Rault
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Animal Welfare Science Centre, University of MelbourneParkville, VIC, Australia.,Institute of Animal Husbandry and Animal Welfare, University of Veterinary MedicineVienna, Austria
| | | | - Femke T A Buisman-Pijlman
- Adelaide Medical School, University of AdelaideAdelaide, SA, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, University of AdelaideAdelaide, SA, Australia
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183
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Chini B, Verhage M, Grinevich V. The Action Radius of Oxytocin Release in the Mammalian CNS: From Single Vesicles to Behavior. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 38:982-991. [PMID: 28899620 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) has attracted the attention both of the scientific community and a general audience because of its prosocial effects in mammals, and OT is now seen as a facilitator of mammalian species propagation. Furthermore, OT is a candidate for the treatment of social deficits in several neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions. Despite such possibilities and a long history of studies on OT behavioral effects, the mechanisms of OT actions in the brain remain poorly understood. In the present review, based on anatomical, biochemical, electrophysiological, and behavioral studies, we propose a novel model of local OT actions in the central nervous system (CNS) via focused axonal release, which initiates intracellular signaling cascades in specific OT-sensitive neuronal populations and coordinated brain region-specific behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bice Chini
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano Milan, and Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Equal contributions.
| | - Matthijs Verhage
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit (VU) and VU Medical Center (VUmc), De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Equal contributions.
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Schaller Research Group on Neuropeptides at the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), CellNetworks Cluster of Excellence at the University of Heidelberg, and Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Equal contributions.
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184
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Henninot A, Collins JC, Nuss JM. The Current State of Peptide Drug Discovery: Back to the Future? J Med Chem 2017; 61:1382-1414. [PMID: 28737935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 633] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, peptide drug discovery has experienced a revival of interest and scientific momentum, as the pharmaceutical industry has come to appreciate the role that peptide therapeutics can play in addressing unmet medical needs and how this class of compounds can be an excellent complement or even preferable alternative to small molecule and biological therapeutics. In this Perspective, we give a concise description of the recent progress in peptide drug discovery in a holistic manner, highlighting enabling technological advances affecting nearly every aspect of this field: from lead discovery, to synthesis and optimization, to peptide drug delivery. An emphasis is placed on describing research efforts to overcome the inherent weaknesses of peptide drugs, in particular their poor pharmacokinetic properties, and how these efforts have been critical to the discovery, design, and subsequent development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Henninot
- Ferring Research Institute , 4245 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - James C Collins
- Ferring Research Institute , 4245 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - John M Nuss
- Ferring Research Institute , 4245 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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185
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Moaddab M, Dabrowska J. Oxytocin receptor neurotransmission in the dorsolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis facilitates the acquisition of cued fear in the fear-potentiated startle paradigm in rats. Neuropharmacology 2017; 121:130-139. [PMID: 28456687 PMCID: PMC5553312 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that modulates fear and anxiety-like behaviors. Dorsolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNSTdl) plays a critical role in the regulation of fear and anxiety, and expresses high levels of OT receptor (OTR). However, the role of OTR neurotransmission within the BNSTdl in mediating these behaviors is unknown. Here, we used adult male Sprague-Dawley rats to investigate the role of OTR neurotransmission in the BNSTdl in the modulation of the acoustic startle response, as well as in the acquisition and consolidation of conditioned fear using fear potentiated startle (FPS) paradigm. Bilateral intra-BNSTdl administration of OT (100 ng) did not affect the acquisition of conditioned fear response. However, intra-BNSTdl administration of specific OTR antagonist (OTA), (d(CH2)51, Tyr(Me)2, Thr4, Orn8, des-Gly-NH29)-vasotocin, (200 ng), prior to the fear conditioning session, impaired the acquisition of cued fear, without affecting a non-cued fear component of FPS. Neither OTA, nor OT affected baseline startle or shock reactivity during fear conditioning. Therefore, the observed impairment of cued fear after OTA infusion resulted from the specific effect on the formation of cued fear. In contrast to the acquisition, neither OTA nor OT affected the consolidation of FPS, when administered after the completion of fear conditioning session. Taken together, these results reveal the important role of OTR neurotransmission in the BNSTdl in the formation of conditioned fear to a discrete cue. This study also highlights the role of the BNSTdl in learning to discriminate between threatening and safe stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Moaddab
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Joanna Dabrowska
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
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186
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Dumais KM, Kulkarni PP, Ferris CF, Veenema AH. Sex differences in neural activation following different routes of oxytocin administration in awake adult rats. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2017; 81:52-62. [PMID: 28412582 PMCID: PMC5497485 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) regulates social behavior in sex-specific ways across species. OT has promising effects on alleviating social deficits in sex-biased neuropsychiatric disorders. However little is known about potential sexually dimorphic effects of OT on brain function. Using the rat as a model organism, we determined whether OT administered centrally or peripherally induces sex differences in brain activation. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal intensity changes in the brains of awake rats during the 20min following intracerebroventricular (ICV; 1μg/5μl) or intraperitoneal (IP; 0.1mg/kg) OT administration as compared to baseline. ICV OT induced sex differences in BOLD activation in 26 out of 172 brain regions analyzed, with 20 regions showing a greater volume of activation in males (most notably the nucleus accumbens and insular cortex), and 6 regions showing a greater volume of activation in females (including the lateral and central amygdala). IP OT also elicited sex differences in BOLD activation with a greater volume of activation in males, but this activation was found in different and fewer (10) brain regions compared to ICV OT. In conclusion, exogenous OT modulates neural activation differently in male versus female rats with the pattern and magnitude, but not the direction, of sex differences depending on the route of administration. These findings highlight the need to include both sexes in basic and clinical studies to fully understand the role of OT on brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M. Dumais
- Neurobiology of Social Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA, 02467
| | - Praveen P. Kulkarni
- Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - Craig F. Ferris
- Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - Alexa H. Veenema
- Neurobiology of Social Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA, 02467
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187
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Sabihi S, Dong SM, Maurer SD, Post C, Leuner B. Oxytocin in the medial prefrontal cortex attenuates anxiety: Anatomical and receptor specificity and mechanism of action. Neuropharmacology 2017; 125:1-12. [PMID: 28655609 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies in animals and humans have established that oxytocin (OT) reduces anxiety. In rats, the prelimbic (PL) subregion of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is among the brain areas implicated in the anxiolytic actions of OT. However, questions remain about the anatomical and receptor specificity of OT and its mechanism of action. Here we assessed whether the regulation of anxiety by mPFC OT is restricted to the PL subregion and evaluated whether oxytocin receptor (OTR) activation is required for OT to have an anxiolytic effect. We also examined whether OT interacts with GABA in the mPFC to reduce anxiety and investigated the extent to which OT in the mPFC affects activation of mPFC GABA neurons as well as neuronal activation in the amygdala, a primary target of the mPFC which is part of the neural network regulating anxiety. We found that OT reduced anxiety-like behavior when delivered to the PL, but not infralimbic or anterior cingulate subregions of the mPFC. The anxiolytic effect of OT in the PL mPFC was blocked by pretreatment with an OTR, but not a vasopressin receptor, antagonist as well as with a GABAA receptor antagonist. Lastly, administration of OT to the PL mPFC was accompanied by increased activation of GABA neurons in the PL mPFC and altered neuronal activation of the amygdala following anxiety testing. These results demonstrate that OT in the PL mPFC attenuates anxiety-related behavior and may do so by engaging GABAergic neurons which ultimately modulate downstream brain regions implicated in anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sabihi
- The Ohio State University, Department of Psychology, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Shirley M Dong
- The Ohio State University, Department of Psychology, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Skyler D Maurer
- The Ohio State University, Department of Psychology, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Caitlin Post
- The Ohio State University, Department of Psychology, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Benedetta Leuner
- The Ohio State University, Department of Psychology, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; The Ohio State University, Department of Neuroscience, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; The Ohio State University, Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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188
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Nielsen DS, Shepherd NE, Xu W, Lucke AJ, Stoermer MJ, Fairlie DP. Orally Absorbed Cyclic Peptides. Chem Rev 2017; 117:8094-8128. [PMID: 28541045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins are not orally bioavailable in mammals, although a few peptides are intestinally absorbed in small amounts. Polypeptides are generally too large and polar to passively diffuse through lipid membranes, while most known active transport mechanisms facilitate cell uptake of only very small peptides. Systematic evaluations of peptides with molecular weights above 500 Da are needed to identify parameters that influence oral bioavailability. Here we describe 125 cyclic peptides containing four to thirty-seven amino acids that are orally absorbed by mammals. Cyclization minimizes degradation in the gut, blood, and tissues by removing cleavable N- and C-termini and by shielding components from metabolic enzymes. Cyclization also folds peptides into bioactive conformations that determine exposure of polar atoms to solvation by water and lipids and therefore can influence oral bioavailability. Key chemical properties thought to influence oral absorption and bioavailability are analyzed, including molecular weight, octanol-water partitioning, hydrogen bond donors/acceptors, rotatable bonds, and polar surface area. The cyclic peptides violated to different degrees all of the limits traditionally considered to be important for oral bioavailability of drug-like small molecules, although fewer hydrogen bond donors and reduced flexibility generally favored oral absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Nielsen
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, and ‡Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas E Shepherd
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, and ‡Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Weijun Xu
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, and ‡Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew J Lucke
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, and ‡Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Martin J Stoermer
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, and ‡Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David P Fairlie
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, and ‡Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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189
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Florez Acevedo S, Cardenas Parra LF. Rol Modulador de la Oxitocina en la Interacción Social y el Estrés Social. UNIVERSITAS PSYCHOLOGICA 2017. [DOI: 10.11144/javeriana.upsy15-5.rmoi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
La Oxitocina es un neuropéptido conocido por facilitar funciones del sistema nervioso periférico, relacionadas específicamente con el sistema reproductivo. Sin embargo, en las últimas décadas se ha reconocido la función moduladora de la Oxitocina en el comportamiento social, a través de su liberación en el sistema nervioso central. Así mismo, estudios han mencionado que la Oxitocina es un potencial ansiolítico cuando un individuo ha sido sometido a estrés social. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de esta revisión es presentar una caracterización de la Oxitocina y su relación con distintas formas de interacción social y el estrés social; a través de los resultados presentados en distintos estudios, tanto en modelos animales como en humanos. Además, se intenta mostrar la importancia de continuar con el estudio de la Oxitocina, dados los posibles vacíos teóricos y experimentales existentes, teniendo en cuenta las potenciales cualidades ansiolíticas de esta hormona.
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190
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Oxytocin effects in schizophrenia: Reconciling mixed findings and moving forward. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 80:36-56. [PMID: 28506922 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness that causes major functional impairment. Current pharmacologic treatments are inadequate, particularly for addressing negative and cognitive symptoms of the disorder. Oxytocin, a neuropeptide known to moderate social behaviors, has been investigated as a potential therapeutic for schizophrenia in recent years. Results have been decidedly mixed, leading to controversy regarding oxytocin's utility. In this review, we outline several considerations for interpreting the extant literature and propose a focused agenda for future work that builds on the most compelling findings regarding oxytocin effects in schizophrenia to date. Specifically, we examine underlying causes of heterogeneity in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) conducted thus far and highlight the complexity of the human oxytocin system. We then review evidence of oxytocin's effects on specific deficits in schizophrenia, arguing for further study using objective, precise outcome measures in order to determine whether oxytocin has the potential to improve functional impairment in schizophrenia.
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191
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Abstract
For many, the terms oxytocin and vasopressin immediately evoke images of animals interacting with one another, as both of these neuropeptides have been implicated as being part of the neurochemical "glue" that socially binds animals. However, social environments and social interactions are complex and include behaviors that bring animals together as well as behaviors that keep animals apart. It is at the intersection of social context, social experience, and an individual's sex that oxytocin and vasopressin act to modulate social behavior and social cognition. In this review, this complexity will be explored across mammalian species, with a focus on social memory, cooperative behaviors, and competitive behaviors. Implications for humans as well as future directions will also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather K Caldwell
- 1 Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Behavior, Department of Biological Sciences and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
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192
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Triki Z, Bshary R, Grutter AS, Ros AF. The arginine-vasotocin and serotonergic systems affect interspecific social behaviour of client fish in marine cleaning mutualism. Physiol Behav 2017; 174:136-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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193
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Miller JL, Tamura R, Butler MG, Kimonis V, Sulsona C, Gold JA, Driscoll DJ. Oxytocin treatment in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:1243-1250. [PMID: 28371242 PMCID: PMC5828021 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare, complex multisystem genetic disorder which includes hypothalamic dysfunction, hyperphagia, cognitive and behavioral problems, increased anxiety, and compulsive behaviors. Individuals with PWS have a deficit of oxytocin producing neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Oxytocin plays a role in regulation of feeding behaviors, social interactions, and emotional reactivity, which are all issues that significantly affect the quality of life for individuals with this syndrome. We performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in 24 children with PWS at three academic institutions using 5 days of intranasal oxytocin (IN-OT) or 5 days of intranasal placebo spray, followed by a 4 week washout period, and then patients returned for 5 days of treatment with the alternate source. Questionnaires, including the Aberrant Behavior Checklist, Social Responsiveness Scale, Repetitive Behavior Scale - Revised, and the Hyperphagia Questionnaire, as well as Clinical Global Impression scales were administered. Blood testing for sodium, potassium, and glucose levels on days 2, 4, and 6, and a 24 hr diet recall. All scales factor improvement from Day 3 to Day 6 favored oxytocin over placebo. No single factor showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between groups at Day 6. The drug effect appeared to be diminished at Day 14. There was no evidence of a difference between oxytocin and placebo in safety lab parameters, 60 min post dose vital signs, weight, or diet parameters. The results from this study suggest that low dose intranasal oxytocin is safe for individuals with PWS and may result in reduction in appetite drive, and improvements in socialization, anxiety, and repetitive behaviors. Further, long-term studies with a larger population of participants are necessary to confirm these findings. The results of this study are encouraging that oxytocin may be a safe and effective treatment for many of the issues that negatively impact individuals with PWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Miller
- Departmentof Pediatrics College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Roy Tamura
- Health Informatics Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Merlin G Butler
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Virginia Kimonis
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Carlos Sulsona
- Departmentof Pediatrics College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - June-Anne Gold
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Loma Linda University Medical school, Loma Linda, California
| | - Daniel J Driscoll
- Departmentof Pediatrics College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Center for Epigenetics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Quintana DS, Westlye LT, Hope S, Nærland T, Elvsåshagen T, Dørum E, Rustan Ø, Valstad M, Rezvaya L, Lishaugen H, Stensønes E, Yaqub S, Smerud KT, Mahmoud RA, Djupesland PG, Andreassen OA. Dose-dependent social-cognitive effects of intranasal oxytocin delivered with novel Breath Powered device in adults with autism spectrum disorder: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind crossover trial. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1136. [PMID: 28534875 PMCID: PMC5584522 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin has shown promise as a treatment for symptoms of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, clinical research progress has been hampered by a poor understanding of oxytocin's dose-response and sub-optimal intranasal delivery methods. We examined two doses of oxytocin delivered using a novel Breath Powered intranasal delivery device designed to improve direct nose-to-brain activity in a double-blind, crossover, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. In a randomized sequence of single-dose sessions, 17 male adults with ASD received 8 international units (IU) oxytocin, 24IU oxytocin or placebo followed by four social-cognitive tasks. We observed an omnibus main effect of treatment on the primary outcome measure of overt emotion salience as measured by emotional ratings of faces (η2=0.18). Compared to placebo, 8IU treatment increased overt emotion salience (P=0.02, d=0.63). There was no statistically significant increase after 24IU treatment (P=0.12, d=0.4). The effects after 8IU oxytocin were observed despite no significant increase in peripheral blood plasma oxytocin concentrations. We found no significant effects for reading the mind in the eyes task performance or secondary outcome social-cognitive tasks (emotional dot probe and face-morphing). To our knowledge, this is the first trial to assess the dose-dependent effects of a single oxytocin administration in autism, with results indicating that a low dose of oxytocin can significantly modulate overt emotion salience despite minimal systemic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Quintana
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - L T Westlye
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Hope
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Neuro Habilitation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - T Nærland
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders and Disabilities, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - T Elvsåshagen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - E Dørum
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ø Rustan
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - M Valstad
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - L Rezvaya
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - H Lishaugen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - E Stensønes
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Yaqub
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - K T Smerud
- Smerud Medical Research International AS, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - O A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Building 49, Ullevål, Kirkeveien 166, PO Box 4956 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway. E-mail:
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195
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Griffiths PR, Lolait SJ, Harris LE, Paton JFR, O'Carroll AM. Vasopressin V1a receptors mediate the hypertensive effects of [Pyr 1 ]apelin-13 in the rat rostral ventrolateral medulla. J Physiol 2017; 595:3303-3318. [PMID: 28255983 PMCID: PMC5451710 DOI: 10.1113/jp274178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Key points Dysfunctions in CNS regulation of arterial blood pressure lead to an increase in sympathetic nerve activity that participates in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The apelin‐apelin receptor system affects arterial blood pressure homeostasis; however, the central mechanisms underlying apelin‐mediated changes in sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure have not been clarified. We explored the mechanisms involved in the regulation of [Pyr1]apelin‐13‐mediated cardiovascular control within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) using selective receptor antagonists. We show that [Pyr1]apelin‐13 acts as a modulating neurotransmitter in the normotensive RVLM to affect vascular tone through interaction with the vasopressin V1a receptor but that [Pyr1]apelin‐13‐induced sympathoexcitation is independent of angiotensin II receptor type 1, oxytocin, ionotropic glutamate and GABAA receptors. Our data confirm a role for the apelin peptide system in cardiovascular regulation at the level of the RVLM and highlight that this system is a possible potential therapeutic target for the treatment of hypertension.
Abstract Apelin is a ubiquitous peptide that can elevate arterial blood pressure (ABP) yet understanding of the mechanisms involved remain incomplete. Bilateral microinjection of [Pyr1]apelin‐13 into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), a major source of sympathoexcitatory neurones, increases ABP and sympathetic nerve activity. We aimed to investigate the potential involvement of neurotransmitter systems through which the apelin pressor response may occur within the RVLM. Adult male Wistar rats were anaesthetized and ABP was monitored via a femoral arterial catheter. Bilateral RVLM microinjection of [Pyr1]apelin‐13 significantly increased ABP (9 ± 1 mmHg) compared to saline (−1 ± 2mmHg; P < 0.001), which was blocked by pretreatment with the apelin receptor antagonist, F13A (0 ± 1 mmHg; P < 0.01). The rise in ABP was associated with an increase in the low frequency spectra of systolic BP (13.9 ± 4.3% total power; P < 0.001), indicative of sympathetic vasomotor activation. The [Pyr1]apelin‐13‐mediated pressor response and the increased low frequency spectra of systolic BP response were fully maintained despite RVLM pretreatment with the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist losartan, the oxytocin receptor antagonist desGly‐NH2, d(CH2)5[D‐Tyr2,Thr4]OVT, the ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist kynurenate or the GABAA antagonist bicuculline (P > 0.05). By contrast, the [Pyr1]apelin‐13 induced pressor and sympathoexcitatory effects were abolished by pretreatment of the RVLM with the vasopressin V1a receptor antagonist, SR 49059 (−1 ± 1 mmHg; 1.1 ± 1.1% total power, respectively; P < 0.001). These findings suggest that the pressor action of [Pyr1]apelin‐13 in the RVLM of normotensive rats is not mediated via angiotensin II type 1 receptor, oxytocin, ionotropic glutamate or GABAA receptors but instead involves a close relationship with the neuropeptide modulator vasopressin. Dysfunctions in CNS regulation of arterial blood pressure lead to an increase in sympathetic nerve activity that participates in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The apelin‐apelin receptor system affects arterial blood pressure homeostasis; however, the central mechanisms underlying apelin‐mediated changes in sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure have not been clarified. We explored the mechanisms involved in the regulation of [Pyr1]apelin‐13‐mediated cardiovascular control within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) using selective receptor antagonists. We show that [Pyr1]apelin‐13 acts as a modulating neurotransmitter in the normotensive RVLM to affect vascular tone through interaction with the vasopressin V1a receptor but that [Pyr1]apelin‐13‐induced sympathoexcitation is independent of angiotensin II receptor type 1, oxytocin, ionotropic glutamate and GABAA receptors. Our data confirm a role for the apelin peptide system in cardiovascular regulation at the level of the RVLM and highlight that this system is a possible potential therapeutic target for the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Louise E Harris
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Julian F R Paton
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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196
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Adachi Y, Sakimura K, Shimizu Y, Nakayama M, Terao Y, Yano T, Asami T. Potent and selective oxytocin receptor agonists without disulfide bridges. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2331-2335. [PMID: 28438540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide involved in a wide variety of physiological actions, both peripherally and centrally. Many human studies have revealed the potential of OT to treat autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. OT interacts with the OT receptor (OTR) as well as vasopressin 1a and 1b receptors (V1aR, V1bR) as an agonist, and agonistic activity for V1aR and V1bR may have a negative impact on the therapeutic effects of OTR agonism in the CNS. An OTR-selective agonistic peptide, FE 202767, in which the structural differences from OT are a sulfide bond instead of a disulfide bond, and N-alkylglycine replacement for Pro at position 7, was reported. However, the effects of amino acid substitutions in OT have not been comprehensively investigated to compare OTR, V1aR, and V1bR activities. This led us to obtain a new OTR-selective analog by comprehensive amino acid substitutions of OT and replacement of the disulfide bond. A systematic amino acid scanning (Ala, Leu, Phe, Ser, Glu, or Arg) of desamino OT (dOT) at positions 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 8 revealed the tolerability for the substitution at positions 7 and 8. Further detailed study showed that trans-4-hydroxyproline (trans-Hyp) at position 7 and γ-methylleucine [Leu(Me)] at position 8 were markedly effective for improving receptor selectivity without decreasing the potency at the OTR. Subsequently, a combination of these amino acid substitutions with the replacement of the disulfide bond of dOT analogs with a sulfide bond (carba analog) or an amide bond (lactam analog) yielded several promising analogs, including carba-1-[trans-Hyp7,Leu(Me)8]dOT (14) with a higher potency (7.2pM) at OTR than that of OT and marked selectivity (>10,000-fold) over V1aR and V1bR. Hence, we investigated comprehensive modification of OT and obtained new OT analogs that exhibited high potency at OTR with marked selectivity. These OTR-selective agonists could be useful to investigate OTR-mediated effects on psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Adachi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Katsuya Sakimura
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Shimizu
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Masaharu Nakayama
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuko Terao
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Takahiko Yano
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Taiji Asami
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan.
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197
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Taveau C, Chollet C, Bichet DG, Velho G, Guillon G, Corbani M, Roussel R, Bankir L, Melander O, Bouby N. Acute and chronic hyperglycemic effects of vasopressin in normal rats: involvement of V 1A receptors. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 312:E127-E135. [PMID: 27998960 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00269.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent epidemiological studies have revealed novel relationships between low water intake or high vasopressin (AVP) and the risk of hyperglycemia and diabetes. AVP V1A and V1B receptors (R) are expressed in the liver and pancreatic islets, respectively. The present study was designed to determine the impact of different levels of circulating AVP on glucose homeostasis in normal Sprague-Dawley rats, as well as the respective roles of V1AR and V1BR. We showed that acute injection of AVP induces a dose-dependent increase in glycemia. Pretreatment with a selective V1AR antagonist, but not a V1BR antagonist, dose-dependently prevented the rise in glycemia. V1BR antagonism did not modify the hyperinsulinemic response, resulting from AVP-induced hyperglycemia, but enhanced the fall in glucagonemia. Acute administration of selective V1AR or V1BR agonists confirmed the involvement of V1AR in the hyperglycemic effect of AVP. In chronic experiments, AVP levels were altered in both directions. Sustained AVP infusion through implantable minipumps induced a time-dependent increase in fasting glycemia, whereas lowering endogenous AVP by increasing water intake had no effect. After 4 wk of AVP infusion, the rise in glycemia amounted to 1.1 mmol/l (P < 0.01) without significant change in insulinemia. This effect was attenuated by cotreatment with a V1AR antagonist. Similar results were observed in lean Zucker rats. These findings demonstrate for the first time a causal link between chronic high AVP and hyperglycemia through V1AR activation and, thus, provide a pathophysiological explanation for the relationship observed in human cohorts between the AVP-hydration axis and the risk of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Taveau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Chollet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Daniel G Bichet
- Department of Physiology and Medicine, Sacré-Coeur Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gilberto Velho
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Guillon
- INSERM U1191, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
- Centre Nationnal de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5203, Montpellier France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Maithe Corbani
- INSERM U1191, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
- Centre Nationnal de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5203, Montpellier France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ronan Roussel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
- Department of Diabetology-Endocrinology-Nutrition, Departement Hospitalo Universitaire Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lise Bankir
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Malmö, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nadine Bouby
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France;
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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198
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Lind CM, Birky NK, Porth AM, Farrell TM. Vasotocin receptor blockade disrupts maternal care of offspring in a viviparous snake, Sistrurus miliarius. Biol Open 2017; 6:283-289. [PMID: 28069591 PMCID: PMC5312107 DOI: 10.1242/bio.022616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental care is a complex social behavior that is widespread among vertebrates. The neuroendocrine regulation of parent-offspring social behavior has been well-described in mammals, and to a lesser extent, in birds and fish. However, little is known regarding the underlying mechanisms that mediate the expression of care behaviors in squamate reptiles. In mammalian model species and humans, posterior pituitary hormones of the oxytocin and vasopressin families mediate parental care behaviors. To test the hypothesis that the regulatory role of posterior pituitary neuropeptides is conserved in a viviparous squamate reptile, we pharmacologically blocked the vasotocin receptor in post-parturient pigmy rattlesnakes, Sistrurus miliarius, and monitored the spatial relationship between mothers and offspring relative to controls. Mothers in the control group demonstrated spatial aggregation with offspring, with mothers having greater post-parturient energy stores aggregating more closely with their offspring. Blockade of vasotocin receptors eliminated evidence of spatial aggregation between mothers and offspring and eliminated the relationship between maternal energetic status and spatial aggregation. Our results are the first to implicate posterior pituitary neuropeptides in the regulation of maternal behavior in a squamate reptile and are consistent with the hypothesis that the neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying social behaviors are broadly conserved among vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig M Lind
- Department of Biology, Stetson University, Deland, FL 32723, USA
| | | | - Anita M Porth
- Department of Biology, Stetson University, Deland, FL 32723, USA
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199
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Takayanagi Y, Yoshida M, Takashima A, Takanami K, Yoshida S, Nishimori K, Nishijima I, Sakamoto H, Yamagata T, Onaka T. Activation of Supraoptic Oxytocin Neurons by Secretin Facilitates Social Recognition. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 81:243-251. [PMID: 26803341 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social recognition underlies social behavior in animals, and patients with psychiatric disorders associated with social deficits show abnormalities in social recognition. Oxytocin is implicated in social behavior and has received attention as an effective treatment for sociobehavioral deficits. Secretin receptor-deficient mice show deficits in social behavior. The relationship between oxytocin and secretin concerning social behavior remains to be determined. METHODS Expression of c-Fos in oxytocin neurons and release of oxytocin from their dendrites after secretin application were investigated. Social recognition was examined after intracerebroventricular or local injection of secretin, oxytocin, or an oxytocin receptor antagonist in rats, oxytocin receptor-deficient mice, and secretin receptor-deficient mice. Electron and light microscopic immunohistochemical analysis was also performed to determine whether oxytocin neurons extend their dendrites into the medial amygdala. RESULTS Supraoptic oxytocin neurons expressed the secretin receptor. Secretin activated supraoptic oxytocin neurons and facilitated oxytocin release from dendrites. Secretin increased acquisition of social recognition in an oxytocin receptor-dependent manner. Local application of secretin into the supraoptic nucleus facilitated social recognition, and this facilitation was blocked by an oxytocin receptor antagonist injected into, but not outside of, the medial amygdala. In the medial amygdala, dendrite-like thick oxytocin processes were found to extend from the supraoptic nucleus. Furthermore, oxytocin treatment restored deficits of social recognition in secretin receptor-deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study demonstrate that secretin-induced dendritic oxytocin release from supraoptic neurons enhances social recognition. The newly defined secretin-oxytocin system may lead to a possible treatment for social deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Takayanagi
- Division of Brain and Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi
| | - Masahide Yoshida
- Division of Brain and Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi
| | - Akihide Takashima
- Division of Brain and Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi
| | - Keiko Takanami
- Ushimado Marine Institute, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama
| | - Shoma Yoshida
- Division of Brain and Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi
| | - Katsuhiko Nishimori
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ichiko Nishijima
- Department of Biobank Lifescience, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Sakamoto
- Ushimado Marine Institute, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama
| | | | - Tatsushi Onaka
- Division of Brain and Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi.
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200
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Di Giglio MG, Muttenthaler M, Harpsøe K, Liutkeviciute Z, Keov P, Eder T, Rattei T, Arrowsmith S, Wray S, Marek A, Elbert T, Alewood PF, Gloriam DE, Gruber CW. Development of a human vasopressin V 1a-receptor antagonist from an evolutionary-related insect neuropeptide. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41002. [PMID: 28145450 PMCID: PMC5286520 DOI: 10.1038/srep41002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterisation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) relies on the availability of a toolbox of ligands that selectively modulate different functional states of the receptors. To uncover such molecules, we explored a unique strategy for ligand discovery that takes advantage of the evolutionary conservation of the 600-million-year-old oxytocin/vasopressin signalling system. We isolated the insect oxytocin/vasopressin orthologue inotocin from the black garden ant (Lasius niger), identified and cloned its cognate receptor and determined its pharmacological properties on the insect and human oxytocin/vasopressin receptors. Subsequently, we identified a functional dichotomy: inotocin activated the insect inotocin and the human vasopressin V1b receptors, but inhibited the human V1aR. Replacement of Arg8 of inotocin by D-Arg8 led to a potent, stable and competitive V1aR-antagonist ([D-Arg8]-inotocin) with a 3,000-fold binding selectivity for the human V1aR over the other three subtypes, OTR, V1bR and V2R. The Arg8/D-Arg8 ligand-pair was further investigated to gain novel insights into the oxytocin/vasopressin peptide-receptor interaction, which led to the identification of key residues of the receptors that are important for ligand functionality and selectivity. These observations could play an important role for development of oxytocin/vasopressin receptor modulators that would enable clear distinction of the physiological and pathological responses of the individual receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giulia Di Giglio
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072 Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kasper Harpsøe
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zita Liutkeviciute
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Keov
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072 Brisbane, Australia
| | - Thomas Eder
- IST Austria (Institute of Science and Technology), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
- CUBE-Division of Computational Systems Biology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Rattei
- CUBE-Division of Computational Systems Biology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Arrowsmith
- Harris-Wellbeing Preterm Birth Research Centre, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Wray
- Harris-Wellbeing Preterm Birth Research Centre, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Ales Marek
- Laboratory of Radioisotopes, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry CAS, Flemingovo nám. 2, CZ-16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Elbert
- Laboratory of Radioisotopes, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry CAS, Flemingovo nám. 2, CZ-16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Paul F. Alewood
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072 Brisbane, Australia
| | - David E. Gloriam
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian W. Gruber
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072 Brisbane, Australia
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