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Zbakh H, Zubía E, Reyes CDL, Calderón-Montaño JM, López-Lázaro M, Motilva V. Meroterpenoids from the Brown Alga Cystoseira usneoides as Potential Anti-Inflammatory and Lung Anticancer Agents. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E207. [PMID: 32290492 PMCID: PMC7230911 DOI: 10.3390/md18040207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of eight meroterpenoids isolated from the brown seaweed Cystoseira usneoides have been evaluated. The algal meroterpenoids (AMTs) 1-8 were tested for their inhibitory effects on the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in LPS-stimulated THP-1 human macrophages. The anticancer effects were assessed by cytotoxicity assays against human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and normal lung fibroblastic MRC-5 cells, together with flow cytometry analysis of the effects of these AMTs on different phases of the cell cycle. The AMTs 1-8 significantly reduced the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, and suppressed the COX-2 and iNOS expression, in LPS-stimulated cells (p < 0.05). The AMTs 1-8 displayed higher cytotoxic activities against A549 cancer cells than against MRC-5 normal lung cells. Cell cycle analyses indicated that most of the AMTs caused the arrest of A549 cells at the G2/M and S phases. The AMTs 2 and 5 stand out by combining significant anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, while 3 and 4 showed interesting selective anticancer effects. These findings suggest that the AMTs produced by C. usneoides may have therapeutic potential in inflammatory diseases and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Zbakh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain; (H.Z.); (J.M.C.-M.); (M.L.-L.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Eva Zubía
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real (Cádiz) 11510, Spain; (E.Z.); (C.d.l.R.)
| | - Carolina de los Reyes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real (Cádiz) 11510, Spain; (E.Z.); (C.d.l.R.)
| | - José M. Calderón-Montaño
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain; (H.Z.); (J.M.C.-M.); (M.L.-L.)
| | - Miguel López-Lázaro
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain; (H.Z.); (J.M.C.-M.); (M.L.-L.)
| | - Virginia Motilva
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain; (H.Z.); (J.M.C.-M.); (M.L.-L.)
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152
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Yucel S, Bilgin B. The prognostic values of systemic immune-inflammation index and derived neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in EGFR-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2020; 27:71-77. [PMID: 32248739 DOI: 10.1177/1078155220913106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Targeted therapy is the main treatment option for oncogene-addicted non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It is known that inflammation can affect survival. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of host inflammation on survival and treatment outcome by using the derived neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). MATERIAL AND METHODS The advanced epidermal growth factor receptor mutant NSCLC patients diagnosed between 2014 and 2019 were included. SII and dNLR were calculated from pretreatment blood samples. The estimated cutoff for SII and dNLR were 640 and 2, respectively. Progression-free survival and overall survival were calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier test. RESULTS One hundred thirty six patients enrolled in the study. Of the total patients, 34.6% and 65.4% were SII-low and high, respectively. In addition, 58.1% and 41.9% of the patients were dNLR-low and high groups, respectively. The progression-free survival was better in low SII (22.4 vs. 13.01 months, HR: 0.50; 95% CI 0.32-0.80; P: 0.003) and low dNLR groups (16.9 vs. 13.01 months, HR, 0.58; 95% CI 0.38-0.88; P: 0.011). The overall survival was also significantly longer in SII-low and dNLR-low groups (32.4 vs. 20.4 months; HR, 0.47; 95% CI 0.27-0.81; P: 0.005 for SII and 32.4 vs. 18.4 months HR: 0.40; 95% CI 0.24-0.66; P < 0.001 for dNLR). CONCLUSION Based on the results of our study, both SII and dNLR can be routinely used as the simple, inexpensive and easily assessable prognostic markers in oncogene-addicted NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebnem Yucel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ataturk Chest Disease and Chest Surgery Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Bilgin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ataturk Chest Disease and Chest Surgery Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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153
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Chen X, Xu C, Hong S, Xia X, Cao Y, McDermott J, Mu Y, Han JDJ. Immune Cell Types and Secreted Factors Contributing to Inflammation-to-Cancer Transition and Immune Therapy Response. Cell Rep 2020; 26:1965-1977.e4. [PMID: 30759403 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although chronic inflammation increases many cancers' risk, how inflammation facilitates cancer development is still not well studied. Recognizing whether and when inflamed tissues transition to cancerous tissues is of utmost importance. To unbiasedly infer molecular events, immune cell types, and secreted factors contributing to the inflammation-to-cancer (I2C) transition, we develop a computational package called "SwitchDetector" based on liver, gastric, and colon cancer I2C data. Using it, we identify angiogenesis associated with a common critical transition stage for multiple I2C events. Furthermore, we infer infiltrated immune cell type composition and their secreted or suppressed extracellular proteins to predict expression of important transition stage genes. This identifies extracellular proteins that may serve as early-detection biomarkers for pre-cancer and early-cancer stages. They alone or together with I2C hallmark angiogenesis genes are significantly related to cancer prognosis and can predict immune therapy response. The SwitchDetector and I2C database are publicly available at www.inflammation2cancer.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shengjun Hong
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xian Xia
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaqiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Joseph McDermott
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yonglin Mu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing-Dong J Han
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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154
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Evaluation of Proinflammatory, NF-kappaB Dependent Cytokines: IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in Tissue Specimens and Saliva of Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030867. [PMID: 32245251 PMCID: PMC7141524 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a life-threatening disease. It could be preceded by oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). It was confirmed that chronic inflammation can promote carcinogenesis. Cytokines play a crucial role in this process. The aim of the study was to evaluate interleukin-1alpha (IL-1α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in tissue specimens and saliva of patients with OSCC and OPMDs. Methods: Cytokines were evaluated in 60 tissue specimens of pathological lesions (OSCCs or OPMDs) and in 7 controls (normal oral mucosa, NOM) by immunohistochemistry and in saliva of 45 patients with OSCC or OPMDs and 9 controls (healthy volunteers) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significantly higher expression of IL-8 in OSCC specimens and TNF-α in OSCCs and OPMDs with dysplasia as compared to NOM. Moreover, expression of TNF-α was significantly higher in oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus without dysplasia, whereas expression of IL-8 only in oral leukoplakia without dysplasia in comparison with NOM. Salivary concentrations of all evaluated cytokines were significantly higher in patients with OSCC than in controls. Moreover, levels of IL-8 were significantly higher in saliva of patients with OPMDs with dysplasia as compared to controls and in OSCC patients as compared to patients with dysplastic lesions. There was also significant increase in salivary concentrations of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in patients with OSCC as compared to patients with OPMDs without dysplasia. Conclusion: The study confirmed that proinflammatory, NF-kappaB dependent cytokines are involved in pathogenesis of OPMDs and OSCC. The most important biomarker of malignant transformation process within oral mucosa among all assessed cytokines seems to be IL-8. Further studies on a larger sample size are needed to corroborate these results.
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155
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The Diagnostic Value of Chromogranin A in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms is Potentiated by Clinical Factors and Inflammatory Markers. ENDOCRINES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/endocrines1010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogenous group of indolent tumors, with variable clinical behavior and steadily rising incidence. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical and laboratory factors that contribute in predicting the aggressiveness and invasiveness of NENs. Special focus is given to clinical parameters that would enhance the diagnostic value of chromogranin A (CgA), via formalizing an integrated probability model, which would contribute to the timely and accurate identification of patients at high risk for metastatic disease at initial diagnosis. Designs and Methods: We identified a total of 93 patients with NENs, recruited at a specialized academic center in Athens, Greece. Anthropometric, clinical, laboratory, and pathological data were obtained from every patient before any therapeutic intervention. Results: Age over 50 years and male gender were accompanied by increased risk for metastases at the time of initial diagnosis. Additionally, when these parameters were combined with CgA levels, they were shown to enhance the predictive capacity of CgA. Different patient scenarios combining age, gender, and CgA levels are associated with different probabilities for metastatic disease, demonstrated schematically in a gradually escalating model, as age and CgA levels increase in both males and females. The lowest risk is observed in women aged <50 years old with CgA levels <200 ng/dl (6.5%), while the highest one is in males over 50 years old with CgA > 200 ng/dl (62.9%). Finally, it was shown that c-reactive protein (CRP) can predict disease extent at the time of diagnosis. Conclusions: CgA levels can not only be used as a direct predictor of tumor load in patients with NENs, but also, when interpolated with the effects of age and gender, cumulatively predict whether a NEN would be metastatic or not at the time of initial diagnosis, via a risk-escalating probability model.
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156
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Wang TX, Tan WL, Huang JC, Cui ZF, Liang RD, Li QC, Lu H. Identification of aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes targeted by differentially expressed miRNA in osteosarcoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:373. [PMID: 32355817 PMCID: PMC7186728 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumors diagnosed in children and adolescents. Recent studies have shown a prognostic role of DNA methylation in various cancers, including OS. The aim of this study was to identify the aberrantly methylated genes that are prognostically relevant in OS. Methods The differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs and methylated genes (DEGs, DEMs and DMGs respectively) were screened from various GEO databases, and the potential target genes of the DEMs were predicted by the RNA22 program. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using the STRING database and visualized by Cytoscape software. The functional enrichment and survival analyses of the screened genes was performed using the R software. Results Forty-seven downregulated hypermethylated genes and three upregulated hypomethylated genes were identified that were enriched in cell activation, migration and proliferation functions, and were involved in cancer-related pathways like JAK-STAT and PI3K-AKT. Eight downregulated hypermethylated tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) were identified among the screened genes based on the TSGene database. These hub genes are likely involved in OS genesis, progression and metastasis, and are potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Conclusions TSGs including PYCARD, STAT5A, CXCL12 and CXCL14 were aberrantly methylated in OS, and are potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Our findings provide new insights into the role of methylation in OS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Xuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Wen-Le Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoding People's Hospital, Luoding 527200, China
| | - Jin-Cheng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Ri-Dong Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Southern Medical University Affiliated Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 523800, China
| | - Qing-Chu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Academy of Orthopedics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hai Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
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157
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Polidoro MA, Milana F, Soldani C, Franceschini B, Anselmo A, Colombo FS, Di Tommaso L, Cimino M, Carnevale S, Lleo A, Jaillon S, Torzilli G, Donadon M. Impact of RAS mutations on the immune infiltrate of colorectal liver metastases: A preliminary study. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:715-721. [PMID: 32108374 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ab0220-608r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog KRAS proto-oncogene is the most common altered gene in colorectal cancer (CRC). Determining its mutational status, which is associated with worse prognosis and resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, is essential for managing patients with CRC and colon liver metastases (CLM). Emerging studies highlighted the relationship of KRAS-mutated cancers and tumor microenvironment components, mainly with T cells. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of CLM immune cell infiltrate with KRAS mutational status. We performed a retrospective study on paraffin-embedded CLM tissue sections from patients surgically resected at the Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery of Humanitas Clinical and Cancer Center. We studied the distribution of lymphocytes (CD3+ cells), macrophages (CD163+), and neutrophils (CD66b+) in CLM tumoral and peritumoral area. Percentage of positive cells was correlated with tumor macroscopic characteristic, clinical aspects, and KRAS mutation. We observed a significant increase in CD66b+ cells in the peritumoral area in patients KRAS-mutated compared to KRAS wild-type patients. Percentages of lymphocytes and macrophages did not show significant differences. Further, neutrophils were found to be significantly increased also in the bloodstream of KRAS-mutated patients, indicating increased mobilization of neutrophils and recruitment in the CLM site. In conclusion, this study reveals a new intriguing aspect of the peritumoral microenvironment, which could pave the way for new prognostic and predictive markers for patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Anna Polidoro
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Flavio Milana
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiana Soldani
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Franceschini
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Achille Anselmo
- Flow Cytometry Core, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Luca Di Tommaso
- Department of Pathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cimino
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Carnevale
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Lleo
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastien Jaillon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Torzilli
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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158
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Ilktac A, Dogan B, Ersoz C, Akcay M, Akbulut H. The relationship of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio with testicular cancer. Int Braz J Urol 2020; 46:101-107. [PMID: 31851466 PMCID: PMC6968911 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2019.0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the relationship between testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and to determine whether this ratio can be used as a serum tumor marker. Material and Methods: Sixty-one patients with testicular germ cell tumors were included into the study. Patients were grouped as localized and non-localized. Histologically patients were categorized as seminoma and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Complete blood cell count was measured the day before surgery and at the postoperative 1st month. Preoperative and postoperative mean NLR values were compared. Results: Thirty-six patients (59%) had seminomas and 25 patients (41%) had nonseminomatous testicular cancer. Forty-five patients (73.8%) had localized and 16 patients (26.2%) had non-localized testicular cancer. There was a statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative mean NLR of the localized patients (p=0.001) but no such difference was detected for non-localized patients (p=0.576). Nineteen patients with localized seminomas had normal preoperative serum tumor markers. There was a significant difference between preoperative and postoperative mean NLR in this group of patients (p=0.010). Twenty-six patients with localized tumors had preoperative increased serum tumor markers which normalized after orchiectomy. Mean NLR of these patients significantly decreased from 3.10±2.13 to 1.62±0.59 postoperatively (p=0.010). Conclusions: NLR appears to be a useful marker for TGCT. It is successful in predicting localized and non-localized disease in early postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Ilktac
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bayram Dogan
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cevper Ersoz
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Akcay
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Habib Akbulut
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
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159
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Mao M, Zhang A, He Y, Zhang L, Liu W, Song Y, Chen S, Jiang G, Wang X. Development and validation of a novel nomogram to predict overall survival in gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1230-1237. [PMID: 32174797 PMCID: PMC7053322 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.39161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) with lymph node metastasis (LNM) at diagnosis is associated with a unstable prognosis and indefinite survival times. The aim of the present study was to construct and validate a model for the Overall survival (OS) estimation for patients with LNM. The nomogram was constructed to predict the OS for LNM-positive GC using the primary group of 836 patients and validated using an independent cohort of 411 patients. Factors in the nomogram were identified by multivariate Cox hazard analysis. The predictive capability of nomogram was evaluated by calibration analysis and decision curve analysis. Multivariate analysis suggested that eight pre-treatment characteristics were used for developing the nomogram. In the primary cohort, the C-index for OS prediction was 0.788 (95% CI: 0.753-0.823), while in validation cohort, the C-index for OS prediction was 0.769 (95% CI: 0. 720-0.818). The calibration plot for the probability of OS and decision curve analyses showed an optimal agreement. Based on the nomogram, we could divided patients into three groups: low-risk group, middle-risk group and a high-risk group(p <0.001).Taken together, we have provided an easy-to-used and accurate tool for predicting OS, furthermore could be used for risk stratification of OS of LNM-positive GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Mao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi He
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiling Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqi Chen
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanmin Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueping Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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160
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Liu L, Gong Y, Zhang Q, Cai P, Feng L. Prognostic Roles of Blood Inflammatory Markers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Taking Sorafenib. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1557. [PMID: 32064238 PMCID: PMC7000550 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate the effectiveness of the prognostic roles of blood inflammatory markers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients receiving sorafenib. Methods: We carried out a comprehensive literature search in four databases. Study endpoints, hazard ratios (HRs) and the associated 95% confidence intervals (CI) for clinical outcomes, which were to assess therapeutic efficacy, were extracted. This meta-analysis was conducted by Review Manager 5.3. Results: We summarized the available evidence from 18 studies with a total of 2,745 cases. The pooled results showed that the synthesized HR favored patients with low pretreatment NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio), which also indicated that HCC patients with a lower baseline NLR may have a better response to sorafenib than those with higher NLR (HR = 1.76, 95% CI [1.44, 2.15], P < 0.00001, I2 = 68%). Significance was also observed for the prognostic function of the PLR (platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio) of HCC patients treated with sorafenib (HR = 1.49, 95% CI [1.16, 1.93], P = 0.002, I2 = 0%, P = 0.65). The subgroup analysis revealed that different gene backgrounds play a prominent role in the source of heterogeneity. Interestingly, the predictive effect on OS (overall survival) was more pronounced as the NLR cutoff value increased. Notably, a significant predictive effect of NLR on the clinical outcome was detected in HCC patients treated with sorafenib compared to those treated with tivantinib. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present study reported promising predictive biomarkers for HCC patients and notably indicated that HCC patients with a lower baseline NLR and PLR may have a better response to sorafenib than those with higher ones. Further large-scale prospective studies are required to determine the optimal NLR and PLR cutoff values, which are important for identifying the dominant populations for sorafenib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixing Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Gong
- The General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Panpan Cai
- Department of Chinese Medicine, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Chinese Medicine, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Thomas R, Wang W, Su DM. Contributions of Age-Related Thymic Involution to Immunosenescence and Inflammaging. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2020; 17:2. [PMID: 31988649 PMCID: PMC6971920 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-020-0173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Immune system aging is characterized by the paradox of immunosenescence (insufficiency) and inflammaging (over-reaction), which incorporate two sides of the same coin, resulting in immune disorder. Immunosenescence refers to disruption in the structural architecture of immune organs and dysfunction in immune responses, resulting from both aged innate and adaptive immunity. Inflammaging, described as a chronic, sterile, systemic inflammatory condition associated with advanced age, is mainly attributed to somatic cellular senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and age-related autoimmune predisposition. However, the inability to reduce senescent somatic cells (SSCs), because of immunosenescence, exacerbates inflammaging. Age-related adaptive immune system deviations, particularly altered T cell function, are derived from age-related thymic atrophy or involution, a hallmark of thymic aging. Recently, there have been major developments in understanding how age-related thymic involution contributes to inflammaging and immunosenescence at the cellular and molecular levels, including genetic and epigenetic regulation, as well as developments of many potential rejuvenation strategies. Herein, we discuss the research progress uncovering how age-related thymic involution contributes to immunosenescence and inflammaging, as well as their intersection. We also describe how T cell adaptive immunity mediates inflammaging and plays a crucial role in the progression of age-related neurological and cardiovascular diseases, as well as cancer. We then briefly outline the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of age-related thymic involution, and finally summarize potential rejuvenation strategies to restore aged thymic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Thomas
- Cell Biology, Immunology, and Microbiology Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Fort Worth, Texas 76107 USA
| | - Weikan Wang
- Cell Biology, Immunology, and Microbiology Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Fort Worth, Texas 76107 USA
| | - Dong-Ming Su
- 2Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas 76107 USA
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Wang LH, Wang WM, Lin CY, Lin SH, Shieh CC. Bidirectional Relationship Between Primary Sjögren Syndrome and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Nationwide Taiwanese Population-based Study. J Rheumatol 2020; 47:1374-1378. [PMID: 31941803 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.191027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bidirectional relationships between some autoimmune diseases and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) may exist. We conducted this nationwide population-based study in Taiwan to investigate whether there is a bidirectional relationship between primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) and NHL. METHODS Using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, we identified 15,636 patients with new-onset pSS without previous cancer and 25,074 patients with new-onset NHL without previous pSS as 2 non-overlapping cohorts from 1998 to 2012, and followed them until 2013. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) for NHL in the patients with pSS and SIR for pSS in the patients with NHL were compared with the general population. RESULTS Among the 15,636 patients with pSS, 741 developed cancers, including 51 with NHL. The highest SIR of specific cancer risk in patients with pSS was that for NHL (SIR 4.6, 95% CI 3.4-6.0). Among the 25,074 patients with NHL, 49 developed pSS; the SIR was also increased (SIR 3.2, 95% CI 2.4-4.2). The risk was highest within 1 year after the diagnosis of each disease. CONCLUSION This nationwide population-based study is the first to report a bidirectional relationship between pSS and NHL. Our findings suggest being alert for patients with pSS or NHL who have early signs of the other disease in clinical care. The underlying mechanisms of the bidirectional relationship merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hui Wang
- From the Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Kuo General Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Pediatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Statistics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,L.H. Wang, MD, MS, Immunologist, Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Kuo General Hospital; W.M. Wang, MS, Biostatistician, National Cheng Kung University, Department of Statistics; C.Y. Lin, MD, Rheumatologist, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine; S.H. Lin, PhD, Associate Professor of Biostatistics, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine; C.C. Shieh, MD, PhD, Professor of Immunology, Rheumatology, and Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine
| | - Wei-Ming Wang
- From the Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Kuo General Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Pediatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Statistics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,L.H. Wang, MD, MS, Immunologist, Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Kuo General Hospital; W.M. Wang, MS, Biostatistician, National Cheng Kung University, Department of Statistics; C.Y. Lin, MD, Rheumatologist, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine; S.H. Lin, PhD, Associate Professor of Biostatistics, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine; C.C. Shieh, MD, PhD, Professor of Immunology, Rheumatology, and Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- From the Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Kuo General Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Pediatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Statistics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,L.H. Wang, MD, MS, Immunologist, Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Kuo General Hospital; W.M. Wang, MS, Biostatistician, National Cheng Kung University, Department of Statistics; C.Y. Lin, MD, Rheumatologist, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine; S.H. Lin, PhD, Associate Professor of Biostatistics, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine; C.C. Shieh, MD, PhD, Professor of Immunology, Rheumatology, and Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine
| | - Sheng-Hsiang Lin
- From the Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Kuo General Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Pediatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Statistics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,L.H. Wang, MD, MS, Immunologist, Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Kuo General Hospital; W.M. Wang, MS, Biostatistician, National Cheng Kung University, Department of Statistics; C.Y. Lin, MD, Rheumatologist, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine; S.H. Lin, PhD, Associate Professor of Biostatistics, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine; C.C. Shieh, MD, PhD, Professor of Immunology, Rheumatology, and Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine
| | - Chi-Chang Shieh
- From the Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Kuo General Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, and Department of Pediatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Statistics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan. .,L.H. Wang, MD, MS, Immunologist, Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Kuo General Hospital; W.M. Wang, MS, Biostatistician, National Cheng Kung University, Department of Statistics; C.Y. Lin, MD, Rheumatologist, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine; S.H. Lin, PhD, Associate Professor of Biostatistics, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine; C.C. Shieh, MD, PhD, Professor of Immunology, Rheumatology, and Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine.
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Khandia R, Munjal A. Interplay between inflammation and cancer. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2020; 119:199-245. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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164
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Ghisoni E, Casalone V, Giannone G, Mittica G, Tuninetti V, Valabrega G. Role of Mediterranean diet in preventing platinum based gastrointestinal toxicity in gynecolocological malignancies: A single Institution experience. World J Clin Oncol 2019; 10:391-401. [PMID: 31890648 PMCID: PMC6935687 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v10.i12.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gynecological malignancies represent a major cause of death in women and are often treated with platinum-based regimens. Patients undergoing chemotherapy suffer from alterations in nutritional status which may worsen gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities, quality of life and affect the overall prognosis. Indeed, assuring a good nutritional status and limiting toxicities during treatment are still major goals for clinicians.
AIM To assess the role of Mediterranean Diet (MD) in reducing GI toxicities in patients with gynecological cancers treated with platinum-based regimens.
METHODS We conducted an observational study on 22 patients with gynecological tumors treated with a platinum-based chemotherapy at Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO/IRCCS between January 2018 and June 2018. The food and frequency (FFQ) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Common Terminology Criteria For Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) questionnaires were administered at baseline and at every Day 1 of each cycle. To evaluate the differences in GI toxicities the study population was divided in two groups according to the currently validated Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS) at baseline.
RESULTS Patients with high MDSS reported a trend toward lower GI toxicities according to PRO-CTCAE at each timepoint (first evaluation: P = 0.7; second: P = 0.52; third: P = 0.01). In particular, difference in nausea frequency and gravity (P < 0.001), stomach pain frequency and gravity (P = 0.01 and P = 0.02), abdomen bloating frequency and gravity (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03), and interference with daily activities (P = 0.02) were highly statistically significant at the end of treatment. More than 60% of patients changed their food habits during chemotherapy mainly because of GI toxicities. A higher reduction of food intake, both in terms of caloric (P = 0.29) and of single nutrients emerged in the group experiencing higher toxicity.
CONCLUSION Our results show that adherence to MD possibly reduces GI toxicity and prevents nutritional status impairment during chemotherapy treatment. Bigger studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Ghisoni
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Torino 10060 Italy
- University of Torino, Torino 10060, Italy
| | | | - Gaia Giannone
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Torino 10060 Italy
- University of Torino, Torino 10060, Italy
| | - Gloria Mittica
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Torino 10060 Italy
| | - Valentina Tuninetti
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Torino 10060 Italy
- University of Torino, Torino 10060, Italy
| | - Giorgio Valabrega
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Torino 10060 Italy
- University of Torino, Torino 10060, Italy
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165
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Peripheral monocyte counts predict the clinical outcome for patients with colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 31:1313-1321. [PMID: 31567616 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Monocytes originating from bone marrow play a key role in the inflammatory response. Divergent findings regarding the prognostic value of inflammatory factors like absolute monocyte count (AMC) in colorectal cancer (CRC) exist in the current literature. Thus, we sought to perform a systemic meta-analysis to comprehensively estimate whether the peripheral AMC affects the clinical outcome of CRC patients. A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE last updated to 23 December 2018, to identify studies reporting the prognostic value of AMC in patients with CRC. Hazard ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) or P values were used as the effect size estimates for clinical outcomes including overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with the random-effect inverse variance weighted method. The potential heterogeneity was assessed with Q test and I statistics. Subgroup analyses with respect to some clinicopathological parameters were conducted. A total of 16 clinical studies comprising 3826 patients were included for analysis. Pooled analyses revealed that CRC patients with elevated AMC were significantly associated with worse OS (hazard ratio = 1.708, 95% CI: 1.480-1.971, P < 0.001), DFS (hazard ratio = 1.817, 95% CI: 1.289-2.560, P = 0.001), CSS (hazard ratio = 1.551, 95% CI: 1.187-2.027, P = 0.001) and PFS (hazard ratio = 1.487, 95% CI: 1.259-1.756, P < 0.001). In addition, subgroup analyses provided more information and demonstrated the prognostic effect of elevated preoperative AMC in patients with CRC. There were no significant heterogeneity and publication bias. In conclusion, elevated AMC seems to be served as an unfavorable and robust predicative indicator in CRC patients.
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Ye J, Luo QY, Wang XP, Liu ZY, Chen MX, Huang H, Zhang L. Serum Apolipoprotein A-I Combined With C-Reactive Protein Serves As A Novel Prognostic Stratification System For Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:9265-9276. [PMID: 31802946 PMCID: PMC6826184 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s215599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Noninvasive prognostic tools for colorectal cancer (CRC) are urgently needed. This study was designed to investigate the prognostic value of preoperative serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations (including ApoA-I, Apo-B, HDL-C, LDL-C, TC and TG) and CRP levels retrospectively in CRC patients. Methods Preoperative serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations (including ApoA-I, Apo-B, HDL-C, LDL-C, TC and TG) and CRP levels were analyzed retrospectively in 250 patients with CRC. The prognostic significance of these indexes was determined by univariate and multivariate Cox hazard models. Results CRC patients with higher levels of ApoA-I and HDL-C and lower levels of CRP had significantly longer overall survival (OS, log rank test, p<0.05). Based on univariate analysis, ApoA-I levels (p=0.002), CRP levels (p=0.007), HDL-C levels (p=0.005), pT classification (p=0.005), pN classification (p<0.001), pM classification (p<0.001) and pTNM stage (p<0.001) were significantly associated with OS. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that ApoA-I levels (HR: 1.52, p=0.023), CRP levels (HR: 1.85, p=0.035) and pTNM stage (HR: 2.53, p< 0.001) were independent predictors of CRC survival. The included patients were then stratified into three tiers based on the ApoA-I and CRP levels. In the whole cohort, the OS and disease-free survival differed significantly between the low-risk (ApoA-I≥1.08 mg/dL and CRP<3.04 mg/dL), medium-risk (ApoA-I≥1.08 mg/dL or CRP<3.04 mg/dL), and high-risk (ApoA-I<1.08 mg/dL and CRP ≥3.04 mg/dL) groups (p=0.001 and p=0.004). Conclusion Decreased levels of ApoA-I and HDL-C and increased levels of CRP were predictive of poor prognosis among patients with CRC. In addition, the combination of ApoA-I and CRP can serve as a novel prognostic stratification system for more accurate clinical staging of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ye
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Yun Luo
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ping Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yi Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Xian Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Laboratory Science, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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167
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Lachance JC, Radhakrishnan S, Madiwale G, Guerrier S, Vanamala JKP. Targeting hallmarks of cancer with a food-system-based approach. Nutrition 2019; 69:110563. [PMID: 31622909 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although extensive resources are dedicated to the development and study of cancer drugs, the cancer burden is expected to rise by about 70% over the next 2 decade. This highlights a critical need to develop effective, evidence-based strategies for countering the global rise in cancer incidence. Except in high-risk populations, cancer drugs are not generally suitable for use in cancer prevention owing to potential side effects and substantial monetary costs (Sporn, 2011). There is overwhelming epidemiological and experimental evidence that the dietary bioactive compounds found in whole plant-based foods have significant anticancer and chemopreventative properties. These bioactive compounds often exert pleiotropic effects and act synergistically to simultaneously target multiple pathways of cancer. Common bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables include carotenoids, glucosinolates, and polyphenols. These compounds have been shown to target multiple hallmarks of cancer in vitro and in vivo and potentially to address the diversity and heterogeneity of certain cancers. Although many studies have been conducted over the past 30 y, the scientific community has still not reached a consensus on exactly how the benefit of bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables can be best harnessed to help reduce the risk for cancer. Different stages of the food processing system, from "farm-to-fork," can affect the retention of bioactive compounds and thus the chemopreventative properties of whole foods, and there are opportunities to improve handling of foods throughout the stages in order to best retain their chemopreventative properties. Potential target stages include, but are not limited to, pre- and postharvest management, storage, processing, and consumer practices. Therefore, there is a need for a comprehensive food-system-based approach that not only taking into account the effects of the food system on anticancer activity of whole foods, but also exploring solutions for consumers, policymakers, processors, and producers. Improved knowledge about this area of the food system can help us adjust farm-to-fork operations in order to consistently and predictably deliver desired bioactive compounds, thus better utilizing them as invaluable chemopreventative tools in the fight to reduce the growing burden of cancer worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Lachance
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Sridhar Radhakrishnan
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Research Diets, Inc., New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Stéphane Guerrier
- Geneva School of Economics and Management & Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jairam K P Vanamala
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; The Pennsylvania State Hershey Cancer Institute, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
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168
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Eghtedari M, Beigi V, Maalhagh M, Ashraf H. Expression of interleukin-6 in ocular surface squamous neoplasia. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:1675-1680. [PMID: 31564816 PMCID: PMC6722455 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s221911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important cytokine in the cascade of inflammation and cancer progression. The aim of this study was to identify IL-6 expression in ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) in comparison with non-neoplastic conjunctival tissue. Methods Twenty paraffin-embedded tissue sections of conjunctiva from patients with OSSN including conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in all grades of severity and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were assessed by immunohistochemistry staining for IL-6. Twenty non-neoplastic conjunctival sections from age matched patients were selected as the control group. Tissues with more than one focus of inflammatory cell infiltration were excluded from the study. The mean area of positive staining was recorded and the intensity of staining was scored in both groups and compared by statistical methods. Results The mean staining area in the dysplasia group was significantly more than non-neoplastic conjunctival tissue (63.5±25.96 and 30±15.98 percent respectively; P-value of <0.0001). Nuclear staining was observed in both groups and the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion IL-6 expressed more in the dysplastic group in compare to non-neoplastic conjunctiva and can therefore be used to diagnose dysplastic state of the conjunctiva; however, in our study, intensity of staining does not correlate with the severity of dysplasia statistically; most probably because of a low sample size in each category. The role of nuclear staining is not clear. Our findings can be an introduction toward targeted treatment of ocular surface neoplasia by the aim of newer anti-IL agents. Further investigation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Eghtedari
- Pathology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Ophthalmology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Beigi
- Ophthalmology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Maalhagh
- Ophthalmology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Ashraf
- Ophthalmology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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169
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Ghani MU, Haque A, Iqbal MS, Ashfaq UA, Mausood MS, Qasim M, Jahan S, Shamsi FB, Yousaf M. TGF-β1 rs1800469 gene polymorphism in the development of cirrhosis & hepatocellular carcinoma in Pakistani HCV patients. Future Virol 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2019-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been increasing among Pakistani males. Aim: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the role of TGF-β-1 gene polymorphism as a risk factor in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected HCC patients in Pakistan. Patients & methods: A total of 286 subjects were recruited into three different groups (Group I: 96 healthy controls, Group II: 96 HCV, Group III: 94 HCC). Results: A significant increase in genotype and allele frequencies of TGF-β-1 gene was observed in HCC, HCV with OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.275–2.871; p > 0.05, OR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.12–2.51; p > 0.05 and OR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.036–1.923; p > 0.05. Conclusion: A higher frequency of the TT genotype and T allele of the TGF-β-1 gene is observed in Pakistani HCV and HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Ghani
- Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Haque
- Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sarfaraz Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology(SAB), University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shah Jahan
- Department of Immunology University of Health Science, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farwa Batool Shamsi
- Department of Pathology, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yousaf
- Department of Pathology, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Zou X, Cai J, Li B, Wu S. Genetic association between cluster of differentiation 86 variations and sepsis risk: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17482. [PMID: 31651850 PMCID: PMC6824797 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86) gene rs1129055 and rs2715267 single nucleotide polymorphisms and sepsis susceptibility.One hundred twenty-five sepsis patients and 120 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study. CD86 polymorphisms rs1129055 and rs2715267 were genotyped through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism approach. Chi-square test was used to analyze differences in genotype and allele frequencies of the 2 polymorphisms between case and control groups. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to present the association strength of the polymorphisms with sepsis susceptibility.AA genotype and A allele frequencies of CD86 rs1129055 were significantly lower in sepsis patients than in healthy controls (P < .05), revealing their significant associations with decreased disease susceptibility (OR = 0.351, 95% CI = 0.169-0.728; OR = 0.593, 95% CI = 0.415-0.847). Nevertheless, rs2715267 had no significant association with sepsis susceptibility (P > .05).AA genotype and A allele of CD86 polymorphism rs1129055 might be correlated with decreased sepsis susceptibility in Chinese Han population, but not rs2715267. Further study should be performed to verify our findings.
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171
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Bardash Y, Olson C, Herman W, Khaymovich J, Costantino P, Tham T. Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Prognosis in Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Oncol Res Treat 2019; 42:665-677. [PMID: 31550732 DOI: 10.1159/000502750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the prognostic utility of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in head and neck cancer. Medline (via PubMed), EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched from their inception to May 2017 for relevant literature. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to generate the pooled hazard ratios (HR) for overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). The study was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook and PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUIPS tool. The logarithm of the HR with standard error was used as the primary summary statistic. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and Higgins' I2. A total of 13 studies were included in the final analysis, combining data from 4,541 patients. The results demonstrated that an elevated PLR was significantly associated with poorer OS [HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.35-2.52, p < 0.00001] and DSS [HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.25-1.97, p < 0.0001]. Significant heterogeneity was detected for the pooled end points. Subgroup analysis demonstrated reduction of heterogeneity by controlling for sample size and cutoff value. 95% prediction intervals showed wide ranges crossing the null threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Bardash
- New York Head and Neck Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health System, New York, New York, USA, .,Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA,
| | - Caitlin Olson
- New York Head and Neck Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Wendy Herman
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Julian Khaymovich
- New York Head and Neck Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Peter Costantino
- New York Head and Neck Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health System, New York, New York, USA.,Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Tristan Tham
- New York Head and Neck Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health System, New York, New York, USA
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172
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Pero R, Angrisano T, Brancaccio M, Falanga A, Lombardi L, Natale F, Laneri S, Lombardo B, Galdiero S, Scudiero O. Beta-defensins and analogs in Helicobacter pylori infections: mRNA expression levels, DNA methylation, and antibacterial activity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222295. [PMID: 31537016 PMCID: PMC6752957 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides can protect the gastric mucosa from bacteria, but Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can equally colonize the gastric apparatus. To understand beta-defensin function in H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis, we investigated susceptibility, human beta-defensin mRNA expression, and DNA methylation changes to promoters in the gastric mucosa with or without H. pylori infection. We studied the expression of HBD2 (gene name DEFB4A), HBD3 (DEFB103A), and HBD4 (DEFB104) using real-time PCR in 15 control and 10 H. pylori infection patient gastric specimens. This study demonstrates that H. pylori infection is related to gastric enhancement of inducible HBD2, but inducible HBD3 and HBD4 expression levels remained unchanged. HBD2 gene methylation levels were overall higher in H. pylori-negative samples than in H. pylori-positive samples. We also assessed antimicrobial susceptibility using growth on blood agar. The H. pylori strain Tox+ was susceptible to all defensins tested and their analogs (3N, 3NI). These results show that HBD2 is involved in gastritis development driven by H. pylori, which facilitates the creation of an epigenetic field during H. pylori-associated gastric tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaela Pero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
- Task Force sugli Studi del Microbioma, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
- * E-mail: (RP); (OS)
| | - Tiziana Angrisano
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariarita Brancaccio
- Dipartimento di Biologia ed Evoluzione degli Organismi Marini, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, Italy
| | - Annarita Falanga
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucia Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Natale
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Sonia Laneri
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Barbara Lombardo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefania Galdiero
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Olga Scudiero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
- Task Force sugli Studi del Microbioma, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Napoli, Italy
- * E-mail: (RP); (OS)
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173
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Karagiannis GS, Condeelis JS, Oktay MH. Chemotherapy-Induced Metastasis: Molecular Mechanisms, Clinical Manifestations, Therapeutic Interventions. Cancer Res 2019; 79:4567-4576. [PMID: 31431464 PMCID: PMC6744993 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy offers long-term clinical benefits to many patients with advanced cancer. However, recent evidence has linked the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy with the de novo elicitation of a prometastatic tumor microenvironment. This "modified" tumor microenvironment is triggered by a chemotherapy-driven cytokine storm or through direct effects of certain chemotherapeutics on stromal and/or immune cells, the most critical being tumor-associated macrophages. These chemotherapy-educated cells act as facilitators in tumor-host cell interactions promoting the establishment of distant metastasis. Certain clinical studies now offer substantial evidence that prometastatic changes are indeed identified in the tumor microenvironment of certain patient subpopulations, especially those that do not present with any pathologic response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Deciphering the exact contextual prerequisites for chemotherapy-driven metastasis will be paramount for designing novel mechanism-based treatments for circumventing chemotherapy-induced metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- George S Karagiannis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - John S Condeelis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Maja H Oktay
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
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174
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Malik DES, David RM, Gooderham NJ. Interleukin-6 selectively induces drug metabolism to potentiate the genotoxicity of dietary carcinogens in mammary cells. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:3005-3020. [PMID: 31515600 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in females, the etiology being multifactorial and includes the role of lifestyle exposure to DNA-damaging chemicals such as dietary carcinogens benzo (a) pyrene (BaP) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4, 5-b] pyridine (PhIP). Both compounds require cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated metabolic activation to DNA-damaging species, and both induce transcriptional responses through the nuclear receptors Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and estrogen receptor α (ERα). BaP and PhIP are mammary carcinogens in rodents. Clinically, circulating IL-6 expression is linked with poor prognosis of cancer and 35% of the deaths in breast cancer are linked with inflammation. The objective of this work was to investigate the molecular toxicology and local activation of BaP and PhIP in the presence of IL-6. Our laboratory has previously reported that miR27b can regulate CYP1B1 expression in colorectal cells, here we have investigated if this mechanism is working in mammary cell models, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Treatment (24 h) of cells with BaP (10 nM-10 µM) and PhIP (100 nM-100 µM) significantly induced genetic damage (micronuclei formation) in a dose-dependent manner in both cell lines. This effect was potentiated in the presence of human IL-6 at concentrations reported to be expressed in clinical breast cancer. On its own, IL-6 treatment failed to induce micronuclei frequency above the control levels in these cells. Compared to BaP or PhIP treatment alone, IL-6 plus BaP or PhIP selectively induced CYP1B1 significantly in both cell lines. Additionally, miR27b expression was downregulated by IL-6 treatments and transfection with miR27b inhibitor confirmed that miR27b is a regulator of CYP1B1 in both cell lines. These data show that BaP- and PhIP-induced DNA damage in mammary cells is potentiated by the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and that inflammation-induced CYP expression, specifically CYP1B1 via miR27b, is responsible for this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durr-E-Shahwar Malik
- Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Rhiannon M David
- Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Genetic Toxicology, Discovery Safety, Drug Safety and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nigel J Gooderham
- Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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175
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Ho Y, Wang SH, Chen YR, Li ZL, Chin YT, Yang YCSH, Wu YH, Su KW, Chu HR, Chiu HC, Crawford DR, Shih YJ, Grasso P, Tang HY, Lin HY, Davis PJ, Whang-Peng J, Wang K. Leptin-derived peptides block leptin-induced proliferation by reducing expression of pro-inflammatory genes in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110808. [PMID: 31499123 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The obesity-regulated gene, leptin, is essential for diet. Leptin resistance causes obesity and related diseases. Certain types of diet are able to decrease leptin resistance. However, leptin has been shown to be correlated with inflammation and stimulate proliferation of various cancers. Two synthetic leptin derivatives (mimetics), OB3 and [D-Leu-4]-OB3, show more effective than leptin in reducing obesity and diabetes in mouse models. OB3 inhibits leptin-induced proliferation in ovarian cancer cells. However, effects of these mimetics in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been investigated. In the present study, we examined the effects of OB3 and [D-Leu-4]-OB3 on cell proliferation and gene expressions in human HCC cell cultures. In contrast to what was reported for leptin, OB3 and [D-Leu-4]-OB3 reduced cell proliferation in hepatomas. Both OB3 and [D-Leu-4]-OB3 stimulated expression of pro-apoptotic genes. Both compounds also inhibited expressions of pro-inflammatory, proliferative and metastatic genes and PD-L1 expression. In combination with leptin, OB3 inhibited leptin-induced cell proliferation and expressions of pro-inflammation-, and proliferation-related genes. Furthermore, the OB3 peptide inhibited phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activation which is essential for leptin-induced proliferation in HCC. These results indicate that OB3 and [D-Leu-4]-OB3 may have the potential to reduce leptin-related inflammation and proliferation in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yih Ho
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Huey Wang
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Core Facility Center, Department of Research Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Lin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang Chin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen S H Yang
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Wu
- Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wei Su
- Department of Dentistry, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ru Chu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chung Chiu
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical, Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dana R Crawford
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ya-Jung Shih
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Patricia Grasso
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Heng-Yuan Tang
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Paul J Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Jacqueline Whang-Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
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176
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Yang L, Hong Q, Xu SG, Kuang XY, Di GH, Liu GY, Wu J, Shao ZM, Yu SJ. Downregulation of transgelin 2 promotes breast cancer metastasis by activating the reactive oxygen species/nuclear factor‑κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4045-4258. [PMID: 31485630 PMCID: PMC6797978 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgelin 2 (TAGLN2) is a cytoskeletal protein of the calponin family. Abnormal expression of TAGLN2 was observed in various types of cancer. Our previous study reported that TAGLN2 expression was reduced in lymph node-positive breast cancer patients; however, the role of TAGLN2 in breast cancer metastasis remains unknown. In the present study, the role of TAGLN2 in breast cancer metastasis was investigated in vitro and in vivo via Transwell migration, luciferase and flow cytometry assays, and a mouse xenograft model. Proteins interacting with TAGLN2 were identified via co-immunoprecipitation assays and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, and the signaling pathway associated with the effects of TAGLN2 was investigated. Additionally, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to further explore the potential pathway in which TAGLN2 may be involved and the mechanism underlying its effects in breast cancer metastasis. The present study reported that TAGLN2 expression was increased by 11.4-fold in patients without distant metastasis compared with those positive for distant metastasis. Knockdown of TAGLN2 resulted in increased cell migration in vitro and promoted lung metastasis in vivo. Additionally, overexpression of TAGLN2 suppressed lung metastasis in a mouse model. Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1), an important reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulator, was revealed to interact with TAGLN2. In addition, mitochondrial redistribution and PRDX1 downregulation were reported following TAGLN2 silencing, which promoted ROS production and nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in breast cancer cells. This induced the expression of metastasis-associated genes, including C-X-C chemokine receptor 4, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)1 and MMP2. The present study proposed TAGLN2 to function as a tumor suppressor and that loss of TAGLN2 may promote the metastasis of breast cancer by activating the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Qi Hong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Si-Guang Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xia-Ying Kuang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Gen-Hong Di
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Yu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jiong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - San-Jian Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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177
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Role of the Microenvironment in Regulating Normal and Cancer Stem Cell Activity: Implications for Breast Cancer Progression and Therapy Response. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091240. [PMID: 31450577 PMCID: PMC6770706 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial cells in an adult woman’s breast tissue are continuously replaced throughout their reproductive life during pregnancy and estrus cycles. Such extensive epithelial cell turnover is governed by the primitive mammary stem cells (MaSCs) that proliferate and differentiate into bipotential and lineage-restricted progenitors that ultimately generate the mature breast epithelial cells. These cellular processes are orchestrated by tightly-regulated paracrine signals and crosstalk between breast epithelial cells and their tissue microenvironment. However, current evidence suggests that alterations to the communication between MaSCs, epithelial progenitors and their microenvironment plays an important role in breast carcinogenesis. In this article, we review the current knowledge regarding the role of the breast tissue microenvironment in regulating the special functions of normal and cancer stem cells. Understanding the crosstalk between MaSCs and their microenvironment will provide new insights into how an altered breast tissue microenvironment could contribute to breast cancer development, progression and therapy response and the implications of this for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to target cancer stem cells.
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178
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Alizadeh AM, Isanejad A, Sadighi S, Mardani M, kalaghchi B, Hassan ZM. High-intensity interval training can modulate the systemic inflammation and HSP70 in the breast cancer: a randomized control trial. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:2583-2593. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02996-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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179
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Vallée A, Lecarpentier Y, Vallée JN. Curcumin: a therapeutic strategy in cancers by inhibiting the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:323. [PMID: 31331376 PMCID: PMC6647277 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1320-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have presented that curcumin could have a positive effect in the prevention of cancer and then in tumor therapy. Several hypotheses have highlighted that curcumin could decreases tumor growth and invasion by acting on both chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. This review focuses on the interest of use curcumin in cancer therapy by acting on the WNT/β-catenin pathway to repress chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. In the cancer process, one of the major signaling pathways involved is the WNT/β-catenin pathway, which appears to be upregulated. Curcumin administration participates to the downregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway and thus, through this action, in tumor growth control. Curcumin act as PPARγ agonists. The WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ act in an opposed manner. Chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and circadian clock disruption are common and co-substantial pathological processes accompanying and promoting cancers. Circadian clock disruption related to the upregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway is involved in cancers. By stimulating PPARγ expression, curcumin can control circadian clocks through the regulation of many key circadian genes. The administration of curcumin in cancer treatment would thus appear to be an interesting therapeutic strategy, which acts through their role in regulating WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Hotel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes, 1 place du Parvis de Notre-Dame, Paris, France
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l’Est Francilien (GHEF), 6-8 rue Saint-fiacre, 77100 Meaux, France
| | - Jean-Noël Vallée
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Amiens Picardie, Université Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80054 Amiens, France
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Applications (LMA), UMR CNRS 7348, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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180
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Vallée A, Lecarpentier Y, Vallée JN. Targeting the Canonical WNT/β-Catenin Pathway in Cancer Treatment Using Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070726. [PMID: 31311204 PMCID: PMC6679009 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are common and co-substantial pathological processes accompanying and contributing to cancers. Numerous epidemiological studies have indicated that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) could have a positive effect on both the prevention of cancer and tumor therapy. Numerous hypotheses have postulated that NSAIDs could slow tumor growth by acting on both chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. This review takes a closer look at these hypotheses. In the cancer process, one of the major signaling pathways involved is the WNT/β-catenin pathway, which appears to be upregulated. This pathway is closely associated with both chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in cancers. The administration of NSAIDs has been observed to help in the downregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway and thus in the control of tumor growth. NSAIDs act as PPARγ agonists. The WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ act in opposing manners. PPARγ agonists can promote cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation, and apoptosis, and can reduce inflammation, oxidative stress, proliferation, invasion, and cell migration. In parallel, the dysregulation of circadian rhythms (CRs) contributes to cancer development through the upregulation of the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway. By stimulating PPARγ expression, NSAIDs can control CRs through the regulation of many key circadian genes. The administration of NSAIDs in cancer treatment would thus appear to be an interesting therapeutic strategy, which acts through their role in regulating WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Hotel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes, 75004 Paris, France.
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien (GHEF), 6-8 rue Saint-fiacre, 77100 Meaux, France
| | - Jean-Noël Vallée
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Amiens Picardie, Université Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80054 Amiens, France
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Applications (LMA), UMR CNRS 7348, Université de Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France
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181
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Weiler J, Dittmar T. Minocycline impairs TNF-α-induced cell fusion of M13SV1-Cre cells with MDA-MB-435-pFDR1 cells by suppressing NF-κB transcriptional activity and its induction of target-gene expression of fusion-relevant factors. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:71. [PMID: 31266502 PMCID: PMC6604204 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date, several studies have confirmed that driving forces of the inflammatory tumour microenvironment trigger spontaneous cancer cell fusion. However, less is known about the underlying factors and mechanisms that facilitate inflammation-induced cell fusion of a cancer cell with a normal cell. Recently, we demonstrated that minocycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, successfully inhibited the TNF-α-induced fusion of MDA-MB-435 cancer cells with M13SV1 breast epithelial cells. Here, we investigated how minocycline interferes with the TNF-α induced signal transduction pathway. Methods A Cre-LoxP recombination system was used to quantify the fusion of MDA-MB-435-pFDR1 cancer cells and M13SV1-Cre breast epithelial cells. The impact of minocycline on the TNF-α signalling pathway was determined by western blotting. The transcriptional activity of NF-κB was characterised by immunocytochemistry, western blot and ChIP analyses. An NF-κB-luciferase reporter assay was indicative of NF-κB activity. Results Minocycline treatment successfully inhibited the TNFR1-TRAF2 interaction in both cell types, while minocycline abrogated the phosphorylation of IκBα and NF-κB-p65 to suppress nuclear NF-κB and its promotor activity only in M13SV1-Cre cells, which attenuated the expression of MMP9 and ICAM1. In MDA-MB-435-pFDR1 cells, minocycline increased the activity of NF-κB, leading to greater nuclear accumulation of NF-κB-p65, thus increasing promoter activity to stimulate the expression of ICAM1. Even though TNF-α also activated all MAPKs (ERK1/2, p38 and JNK), minocycline differentially affected these kinases to either inhibit or stimulate their activation. Moreover, SRC activation was analysed as an upstream activator of MAPKs, but no activation by TNF-α was revealed. The addition of several specific inhibitors that block the activation of SRC, MAPKs, AP-1 and NF-κB confirmed that only NF-κB inhibition was successful in inhibiting the TNF-α-induced cell fusion process. Conclusion Minocycline is a potent inhibitor in the TNF-α-induced cell fusion process by targeting the NF-κB pathway. Thus, minocycline prevented NF-κB activation and nuclear translocation to abolish the target-gene expression of MMP9 and ICAM1 in M13SV1-Cre cells, resulting in reduced cell fusion frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Weiler
- Institute of Immunology, Centre of Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448, Witten, Germany
| | - Thomas Dittmar
- Institute of Immunology, Centre of Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448, Witten, Germany.
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182
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Sohretoglu D, Huang S. Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides as An Anti-cancer Agent. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 18:667-674. [PMID: 29141563 DOI: 10.2174/1871520617666171113121246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) has been used for centuries in Asian countries to treat various diseases and to promote health and longevity. Clinical studies have shown beneficial effects of G. lucidum as an alternative adjuvant therapy in cancer patients without obvious toxicity. G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) is the main bioactive component in the water soluble extracts of this mushroom. Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies has demonstrated that GLP possesses potential anticancer activity through immunomodulatory, anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic effects. Here, we briefly summarize these anticancer effects of GLP and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Sohretoglu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, TR 06100, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, United States
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, United States.,Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, United States
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183
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Wang J, Li D, Cang H, Guo B. Crosstalk between cancer and immune cells: Role of tumor-associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Med 2019; 8:4709-4721. [PMID: 31222971 PMCID: PMC6712467 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment is a complex system that contains multiple cells and cytokines. Among the multiple immune cells, macrophage is particularly abundant and plays an important role throughout the tumor progression process, namely, tumor‐associated macrophage (TAM) in this special tumor microenvironment. Many kinds of cytokines from TAMs and other immune cells in tumor niche are involved in the linkage of inflammation, immunity and tumorigenesis. Inflammatory responses induced by TAMs are crucial to tumor development of different stages. This review highlights the critical role of TAMs in the linkage of inflammation, immunity, and cancer. It outlines the molecules of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors mainly from TAMs in tumor microenvironment and their functions in tumor development during the major issues of angiogenesis, chronic inflammation, and immune suppression. Additionally, the signaling pathways involved in tumor progression and the crosstalk between them are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Danyang Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Huaixing Cang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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184
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Ablow Measelle E, McClure HH, Snodgrass JJ, Martinez CR, Jiménez R, Isiordia L. Climbing the ladder of decline: Income and acculturation associated with chronic inflammation among Mexican immigrants. Am J Hum Biol 2019; 31:e23271. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Charles R. Martinez
- Center for Equity Promotion; University of Oregon; Eugene Oregon
- College of Education, University of Texas; Austin Texas
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185
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Gaur P, Bhattacharya S, Kant S, Kushwaha RAS, Garg R, Singh G, Pandey S, Sharma S. Association of inflammatory biomarkers with lung cancer in North Indian population. Afr Health Sci 2019; 19:2147-2155. [PMID: 31656499 PMCID: PMC6794528 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v19i2.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth of the lung tissues. It is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to determine the circulating CRP, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 levels in lung cancer and healthy control and also established association between these biomarkers with the smoking status as well as the stages of the disease. METHODOLOGY 51 lung cancer patients and 51 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study. The serum levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 were measured in lung cancer patients and healthy control groups. RESULTS The levels of serum CRP, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly higher in lung cancer patients when compared with controls(P<0.0001). The levels of these biomarkers were also significantly higher in stage iii/iv as compared to stage i/ii(P<0.001). Significant difference in the levels of these biomarkers were also found in smoker and non-smoker lung cancer patients as compared to controls(P<0.001). CONCLUSION CRP, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 are the promising biomarkers in the identification of lung cancer patients. The study also supports the association of inflammatory markers to lung cancer risk. Hence these findings suggest the levels of these biomarkers could be a useful tool for guiding the diagnosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Supriya Sharma
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King George's Medical University, UP, Lucknow-226010, Uttar Pradesh, India
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186
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Wang L, Qiu JG, He J, Liu WJ, Ge X, Zhou FM, Huang YX, Jiang BH, Liu LZ. Suppression of miR-143 contributes to overexpression of IL-6, HIF-1α and NF-κB p65 in Cr(VI)-induced human exposure and tumor growth. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 378:114603. [PMID: 31152816 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a known occupational and environmental contaminant and carcinogen, but new mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis remain to be elucidated. In this study, we found that expression of miR-143 is decreased, whereas that of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is increased in blood samples of Cr(VI)-exposing workers compared with corresponding unexposed workers. In addition, IL-6 was increased in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-Cr) exposed to Cr(VI) compared with unexposed BEAS-2B cells. To further investigate the mechanisms by which Cr(VI) promotes these changes, we assessed the effects of miR-143 on gene expression and found that miR-143 suppressed expression of IL-6, HIF-1α and NF-κB p65, and that inhibiting miR-143 promoted expression of IL-6, HIF-1α and NF-κB p65. Interestingly, IL-6 regulated expression of HIF-1α, and HIF-1α transcriptionally regulated expression of IL-6. Experiments in animals showed that miR-143 inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis by regulating IL-6/HIF-1α and downstream signaling pathways in vivo. These outcomes support the hypothesis that the miR-143/IL-6/HIF-1α pathway functions to regulate Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jian-Ge Qiu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Wen-Jing Liu
- Department of Oncology, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Feng-Mei Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ying-Xue Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, the University of Iowa, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Ling-Zhi Liu
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, the University of Iowa, IA 52242, USA.
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187
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Li ZH, Han BW, Zhang XF. A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of IL-33 is associated with the reduced risk of colorectal cancer. Biomark Med 2019; 13:567-575. [PMID: 31140826 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2018-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to investigate IL-33 polymorphisms with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials & methods: IL-33 rs7025417 and rs1332290 were genotyped using a quantitative allelic Taqman assay. The expression of IL-33 mRNA was determined by real-time PCR and promoter activity was assayed using the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay. Results: The IL-33 rs7025417 CC genotype and C allele may decrease CRC risk. The IL-33 rs1332290 AC carriers had an increased risk of developing clinical Stage III-IV CRC. Lower levels of IL-33 mRNA were present in individuals with the rs7025417 CC genotype. Moreover, the rs7025417 C allele suppressed promoter activity of IL-33. Conclusion: These data suggest that the rs7025417 CC genotype may downregulate IL-33 mRNA and subsequently reduce the risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Hui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan 471003, PR China
| | - Bao-Wei Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan 471003, PR China
| | - Xie-Fu Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
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188
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Shafabakhsh R, Reiter RJ, Davoodabadi A, Asemi Z. Melatonin as a potential inhibitor of colorectal cancer: Molecular mechanisms. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12216-12223. [PMID: 31087705 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent disease and a major cause of mortality in the world. Several factors including population aging, poor dietary habits, obesity, insufficient physical activity, and smoking can explain its increased prevalence. CRC is a heterogeneous disease both histopathologically and in term of its molecular and genetic aspects. Melatonin a derivative of tryptophan, is synthesized and released from pineal gland but it is also found in numerous extrapineal tissues including retina, testes, lymphocytes, Harderian gland, gastrointestinal tract, etc. This molecule has several tasks which enhance physiological functions such as antioxidant, antiaging, immunomodulatory, and tumor inhibition. Multiple immunocytochemical studies reported melatonin in the intestinal mucosa where its concentration is greater than in the blood. These findings suggest that melatonin may have a potential inhibitory role in CRC progression. The purpose of this review is to examine the effects of melatonin in molecular pathogenesis and signaling pathways of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Shafabakhsh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science, Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Abdoulhossein Davoodabadi
- Departments of General Surgery, Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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189
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Antoni MH, Dhabhar FS. The impact of psychosocial stress and stress management on immune responses in patients with cancer. Cancer 2019; 125:1417-1431. [PMID: 30768779 PMCID: PMC6467795 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The range of psychosocial stress factors/processes (eg, chronic stress, distress states, coping, social adversity) were reviewed as they relate to immune variables in cancer along with studies of psychosocial interventions on these stress processes and immune measures in cancer populations. The review includes molecular, cellular, and clinical research specifically examining the effects of stress processes and stress-management interventions on immune variables (eg, cellular immune function, inflammation), which may or may not be changing directly in response to the cancer or its treatment. Basic psychoneuroimmunologic research on stress processes (using animal or cellular/tumor models) provides leads for investigating biobehavioral processes that may underlie the associations reported to date. The development of theoretically driven and empirically supported stress-management interventions may provide important adjuncts to clinical cancer care going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H. Antoni
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Firdaus S. Dhabhar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine
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190
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Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most frequent cancer diagnosis made in men and the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. Prostate cancer may be asymptomatic at the early stage and often has an indolent course that may require only active surveillance. Based on GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates, 1,276,106 new cases of prostate cancer were reported worldwide in 2018, with higher prevalence in the developed countries. Differences in the incidence rates worldwide reflect differences in the use of diagnostic testing. Prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates are strongly related to the age with the highest incidence being seen in elderly men (> 65 years of age). African-American men have the highest incidence rates and more aggressive type of prostate cancer compared to White men. There is no evidence yet on how to prevent prostate cancer; however, it is possible to lower the risk by limiting high-fat foods, increasing the intake of vegetables and fruits and performing more exercise. Screening is highly recommended at age 45 for men with familial history and African-American men. Up-to-date statistics on prostate cancer occurrence and outcomes along with a better understanding of the etiology and causative risk factors are essential for the primary prevention of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Rawla
- Hospitalist, Department of Internal Medicine, SOVAH Health, Martinsville, VA 24112, USA.
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191
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Association of white blood cell count with breast cancer burden varies according to menopausal status, body mass index, and hormone receptor status: a case-control study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5762. [PMID: 30962496 PMCID: PMC6453890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42234-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that among Korean women has a peak incidence in the perimenopausal period. The full epidemiological characteristics of breast cancer in Korean women are not yet properly understood. We investigated whether white blood cell (WBC) is related to breast cancer burden according to estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status in the context of body mass index and menopausal status. We conducted a large case-control study and compared WBC counts between patients with breast cancer (N = 4,402) and propensity score-matched controls (N = 4,402) selected from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We stratified the study sample by ER/PR status, menopausal status, and body mass index and assessed the association between WBC count and breast cancer burden using multinomial logistic regression. Compared with controls, non-obese patients with ER+/PR+ breast cancer had significantly higher WBC counts regardless of menopausal status (OR 1.293 95% CI 1.139–1.363, p < 0.001 in premenopausal and OR 1.049 95% CI 1.019–1.295, p = 0.023 in postmenopausal). There was no relationship between WBC count and ER+/PR+ breast cancer among premenopausal obese women. Furthermore, premenopausal non-obese women and postmenopausal obese women with ER+/PR+ breast cancer had higher WBC counts than those with ER−/PR− breast cancer. Further larger-scale prospective cohort studies are warranted to determine these associations in the future.
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192
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Remadevi V, Mohan Lathika L, Sasikumar Sujatha A, Sreeharshan S. Ficus extract-A promising agent for antimammary tumorigenesis: A review on current status and future possibilities. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1597-1603. [PMID: 30937987 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological studies have shown that various species of Ficus have antiviral, antidiarrheal, antipyretic, hypolipidemic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, antiparasitic, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiplatelet, reproductive, dermatological, immunological, endocrine, and hepato and nephron protective effects. But there is no sufficient research on biomolecules present in the leaf extract of Ficus religiosa and its mechanism of action. We have previously reported that bioavailable constituents of F. religiosa leaf extract exert photosensitizing and apoptosis-inducing capability through the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species on breast cancer cells. In this review, we have evaluated the expression of checkpoint proteins of G1/S and sub G0 phase with wet lab data and also have done a data mining of other research for other potential mechanistic action of the F. religiosa leaf extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viji Remadevi
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Lakshmi Mohan Lathika
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Anjana Sasikumar Sujatha
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Sreeja Sreeharshan
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, India
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193
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Chen Q, Chen Y, Sun Y, He W, Han X, Lu E, Sha X. Leukocyte-mimicking Pluronic-lipid nanovesicle hybrids inhibit the growth and metastasis of breast cancer. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:5377-5394. [PMID: 30849160 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr08936a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a severe threat to the health of women, and the metastasis of tumor cells leads to high mortality in female patients. Evidence shows that leukocytes are recruited by breast tumors through adhesion to inflammatory endothelial cells as well as tumor cells. Moreover, it is known that Pluronic P123 is effective in the reduction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which play a key role in the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), therefore helping tumor cells to escape from the primary site. Inspired by these mechanisms, we established a leukocyte-mimicking Pluronic-lipid nanovesicle hybrid (LPL) through integrating the membrane proteins extracted from leukocytes with membrane-like vesicles, with Pluronic P123 hybridized in the lipid bilayer, while paclitaxel (PTX) was selected as the model drug. The hybrid vesicles were perfectly incorporated with the leukocyte membrane proteins, and no disruption to the lipid membrane was caused by P123, with the bio-targeting ability of leukocytes and the MMP-9-downregulation effect of P123 fully preserved in LPL. LPL exhibited enhanced cellular uptake and anti-metastasis efficacy in in vitro assays, while significant tumor targeting capabilities were also found through biodistribution assays. Moreover, the in vivo therapeutic effects of PTX-loaded LPL (PTX-LPL) were observed, with an 80.84% inhibition rate of tumor growth and a 10.62% metastatic rate of tumor foci in lung tissue. Furthermore, the amounts of MMP-9 and neutrophils in the tumor as well as in the lung were greatly reduced with PTX-LPL. In summary, LPL may have potential applications in metastatic breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.
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194
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Zhai JM, An YH, Wang W, Fan YG, Yao GL. IL-32 expression indicates unfavorable prognosis in patients with colon cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:4655-4660. [PMID: 30988822 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, interleukin (IL)-32 has been demonstrated to represent a novel biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of patients with gastric and lung cancer; however, its clinical significance in colon cancer remains unknown. In the present study, the IL-32 expression in 60 patients with colon cancer was examined with an immunohistochemistry assay. IL-32 expression was determined in 37 (61.67%) patients with colon cancer. Additionally, IL-32 was associated with tumor size and Dukes' stage. By using the Kaplan-Meier method, patients with positive IL-32 expression had shorter overall survival time, compared with those with negative IL-32 expression. Multivariate analysis indicated that IL-32 could be an independent prognostic factor in patients with colon cancer; therefore, IL-32 may be a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ming Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Hui An
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Gang Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Liang Yao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
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195
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Prognostic Value of Preoperative Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in Patients with Cervical Cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3284. [PMID: 30824727 PMCID: PMC6397230 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39150-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) based on peripheral lymphocyte, neutrophil and platelet counts has been considered a good index that reflects the local immune response and systemic inflammation. However, the use of the SII has not been reported in cervical cancer. In this study, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that a high SII was associated with poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients in the primary and validation cohorts. A higher SII had a significant correlation with larger tumours but had no correlation with other clinicopathological parameters. Among all systemic immune indexes, the SII is the only independent prognostic factor for cervical cancer patients. Compared with the area under the curve for the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), the area for the SII was larger at 3 and 5 years. In addition, the SII still retains it prognostic values across all FIGO stages. The SII can independently predict the overall survival of patients with cervical cancer receiving radical resection and is thus superior to existing systemic inflammatory indexes. The prognostic nomogram based on the SII is a reliable model for predicting the postoperative survival of patients with cervical cancer.
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196
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Komaç Ö, Bengi G, Sağol Ö, Akarsu M. C-reactive protein may be a prognostic factor for the whole gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor group. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 11:139-152. [PMID: 30788040 PMCID: PMC6379754 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v11.i2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a kind of single-stranded RNA of more than 200 nucleotides in length and have no protein-coding function. Amounting studies have indicated that lncRNAs could play a vital role in the initiation and development of cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). Considering the crucial functions of lncRNAs, the identification and exploration of novel lncRNAs in GC is necessary.
AIM To identify independent prognostic markers for the whole gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (GEP-NET) group.
METHODS Ninety-three patients diagnosed with GEP-NETs within a specified period were included in this study. Patient data were retrospectively analyzed. The relationships between all independent variables and 5-year survival status calculated during the follow-up period (months) were assessed. In addition, the relationships between the independent variables were investigated.
RESULTS When 5-year survival rate was compared, a statistically significant relationship between the age at diagnosis, male gender, tumor size, tumor stage, liver and/or distant metastasis, and tumor grade determined by the Ki-67 level and mitotic count, and the level of C-reactive protein (CRP), was observed. The mean survival (overall survival) of the study group was 102.5 ± 6.3 (SD) mo. The percentages of 1, 3 and 5-year survival were 90%, 72%, and 61%, respectively. In 63 of 93 patients, Ki-67 and the mitotic count determined the same grade. The Ki-67 levels in 29 patients and the mitotic count in only 1 patient were in the higher grade. The risk of death increased by 4% for every 1 year increase at the diagnosis age and was 2.0-fold higher for male patients, 3.0-fold higher for G3 according to the mitotic count, 3.7-fold higher for G3 according to the Ki-67 level, 12.7-fold higher for cases with tumor stage 3 or 4 by a 1 cm increase in the ratio of 9% in tumor size, and 6.1-fold higher for patients with liver metastasis for every 1 mg/dL increase in the ratio of 1.5% in CRP level. There was a significant difference between pancreatic and stomach NETs in favor of stomach tumors in terms of survival.
CONCLUSION Tumor site, stage, grade and Ki-67 level affected patient survival, and it was observed that CRP affected disease progression (particularly if it was > 20 mg/dL). However, a relationship between surgical resection of the lesion and survival was not shown. Larger scale prospective studies are required to determine whether CRP level may be a poor prognostic factor for the entire GEP-NET group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Komaç
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir 35000, Turkey
| | - Göksel Bengi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir 35000, Turkey
| | - Özgül Sağol
- Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir 35000, Turkey
| | - Mesut Akarsu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir 35000, Turkey
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197
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Elkhateeb A, El-Shabrawy M, Abdel-Rahman RF, Marzouk MM, El-Desoky AH, Abdel-Hameed ESS, Hussein SR. LC-MS-based metabolomic profiling of Lepidium coronopus water extract, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, and chemosystematic significance. Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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198
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Combination treatment of podophyllotoxin and rutin promotes mouse Lgr5+ ve intestinal stem cells survival against lethal radiation injury through Wnt signaling. Apoptosis 2019; 24:326-340. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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199
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Meng G, Li G, Yang X, Xiao N. Inhibition of miR146b-5p suppresses CT-guided renal cell carcinoma by targeting TRAF6. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:2382-2390. [PMID: 30206978 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common malignancies in the urinary system. Due to the lack of early symptoms, diagnosis of RCC usually occurs at late stages or after cancer metastasis leading to poor prognosis. Therefore, it is crucial to study early molecular mechanisms and biomarkers. Previous studies have suggested that microRNAs are involved in RCC initiation and development, making them a good candidate for early diagnosis and therapy. MiR146b-5P plays important roles in the progression of multiple cancers including thyroid cancer, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer. However, it is not clear whether and how miR146b-5P is involved in RCC. In this study, we aimed to investigate the function of miR146b-5P in RCC. We examined the expression levels of miR146b-5p in renal cancer tissue and cell lines. We also explored the effects of blocking miR146b-5p in renal tumor growth and inflammatory signaling. Finally, we determined if miR146b-5p regulates tumorigenesis through TRAF6. We found that miR146b-5p levels were significantly increased in renal cancer tissue and renal cancer cells. Blocking miR146b-5p suppressed renal tumor growth and enhanced inflammatory response through increased TRAF6 expression. These effects were eliminated in TRAF6 knockout mice. Our results suggest that enhanced miR146b-5p expression may be a biomarker for RCC and modulating miR146b-5p and TRAF6 levels represent a potential therapeutic strategy for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaopei Meng
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Guoce Li
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Na Xiao
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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200
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Lee K, Shin JM, Chun J, Song K, Nho CW, Kim YS. Igalan induces detoxifying enzymes mediated by the Nrf2 pathway in HepG2 cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22297. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung‐Mi Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National UniversitySeoul South Korea
| | - Ji Min Shin
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyGangneung South Korea
- Division of Bio‐Medical Science & TechnologyKIST School, Korea University of Science and TechnologySeoul South Korea
| | - Jaemoo Chun
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National UniversitySeoul South Korea
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of MedicineAtlanta Georgia
| | - Kwangho Song
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National UniversitySeoul South Korea
| | - Chu Won Nho
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyGangneung South Korea
- Division of Bio‐Medical Science & TechnologyKIST School, Korea University of Science and TechnologySeoul South Korea
| | - Yeong Shik Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National UniversitySeoul South Korea
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