151
|
Ren L, Kim YJ, Park SY, Lee S, Lee JY, Park CP, Lim YT. Rapid fluorescence detection of hypoxic microenvironments by nitro-benzyl conjugated chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating hydrophobic fluorophores. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4832-4838. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00935b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-responsive chitosan nanoparticles synthesized by the conjugation of nitro-benzyl derivatives into chitosan polymers and the subsequent self-assembly of them with hydrophobic fluorophores, were successfully applied for the rapid determination of the hypoxic status of lung carcinoma cells (A549) within 30 min.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Ren
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 16419
- Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joon Kim
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yi Park
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sein Lee
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yong Lee
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Pil Park
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Taik Lim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 16419
- Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
CAHAYANI WA, NORAHMAWATI E, BUDIARTI N, FITRI LE. Increased CD11b and Hypoxia-Inducible Factors-1alpha Expressions in the Lung Tissue and Surfactant Protein-D Levels in Serum Are Related with Acute Lung Injury in Severe Malaria of C57BL/6 Mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2016; 11:303-315. [PMID: 28127335 PMCID: PMC5256046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to reveal the role of CD11b and hypoxia-inducible factors-1alpha (HIF-1α) expressions on monocytes and alveolar macrophages of lung tissue, and the levels of serum surfactant protein-D (SP-D) in severe malaria-associated acute lung injury (ALI). METHODS The C57BL/6 mice were divided into control group, renal malaria group (inoculated with 106Plasmodium berghei ANKA), and cerebral malaria group (inoculated with 107P. berghei ANKA). The expressions of CD11b and HIF-1α in lung tissue were observed by immunohistochemistry, and serum SP-D levels were measured by ELISA. This study was conducted from June 2014 to February 2015 in the Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. RESULTS The CD11b expression on pulmonary tissue of renal and cerebral malaria mice were significantly higher than control mice (P=0.002; P=0.002), as well as the HIF-1α expression on pulmonary tissue (P=0.002; P=0.002). The level of serum SP-D in renal malaria and cerebral malaria mice were significantly higher than control mice (P=0.002; P=0.002). We found a strong correlation between the expression of CD11b and HIF-1α in lung tissue (r=0.937, P=0.000), as well as between CD11b expression and serum SP-D levels (r=0.907, P=0.000) and between HIF-1α expression and serum SP-D levels (r=0.913, P=0.000). CONCLUSION Severe malaria-associated ALI increased the expression of CD11b and HIF-1α in the lung tissue and increased serum SP-D levels of C57BL/6 mice significantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wike Astrid CAHAYANI
- Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Eviana NORAHMAWATI
- Dept. of Anatomic Pathology, Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Niniek BUDIARTI
- Division of Tropical Infection, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Loeki Enggar FITRI
- Dept. of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia,Correspondence
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Xu D, Li Y, Zhang B, Wang Y, Liu Y, Luo Y, Niu W, Dong M, Liu M, Dong H, Zhao P, Li Z. Resveratrol alleviate hypoxic pulmonary hypertension via anti-inflammation and anti-oxidant pathways in rats. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:942-954. [PMID: 27994500 PMCID: PMC5165688 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.16810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a plant-derived polyphenolic compound and a phytoestrogen, was shown to possess multiple protective effects including anti-inflammatory response and anti-oxidative stress. Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a progressive disease characterized by sustained vascular resistance and marked pulmonary vascular remodeling. The exact mechanisms of HPH are still unclear, but inflammatory response and oxidative stress was demonstrated to participate in the progression of HPH. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of resveratrol on HPH development. Sprague-Dawley rats were challenged by hypoxia exposure for 28 days to mimic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension along with treating resveratrol (40 mg/kg/day). Hemodynamic and pulmonary pathomorphology data were then obtained, and the anti-proliferation effect of resveratrol was determined by in vitro assays. The anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative effects of resveratrol were investigated in vivo and in vitro. The present study showed that resveratrol treatment alleviated right ventricular systolic pressure and pulmonary arterial remodeling induced by hypoxia. In vitro experiments showed that resveratrol notably inhibited proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells in an ER-independent manner. Data showed that resveratrol administration inhibited HIF-1 α expression in vivo and in vitro, suppressed inflammatory cells infiltration around the pulmonary arteries, and decreased ROS production induced by hypoxia in PAMSCs. The inflammatory cytokines' mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, and interleukin 1β were all suppressed by resveratrol treatment. The in vitro assays showed that resveratrol inhibited the expression of HIF-1 α via suppressing the MAPK/ERK1 and PI3K/AKT pathways. The antioxidant axis of Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2/ Thioredoxin 1 (Nrf-2/Trx-1) was up-regulated both in lung tissues and in cultured PASMCs. In general, the current study demonstrated that resveratrol may prevent pulmonary hypertension through its anti-proliferation, anti-inflammation and antioxidant effects. Hence, the present data may offer novel targets and promising pharmacological perspective for treating hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dunquan Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi`an, 710032, PR China.; Clinical laboratory, the Eighth Hospital of PLA, Xigaze, 857000, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Physical Examination Center of Beijing Military Region General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi`an, 710032, PR China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi`an, 710032, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi`an, 710032, PR China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi`an, 710032, PR China
| | - Wen Niu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi`an, 710032, PR China
| | - Mingqing Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi`an, 710032, PR China
| | - Manling Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi`an, 710032, PR China
| | - Haiying Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi`an, 710032, PR China
| | - Pengtao Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi`an, 710032, PR China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi`an, 710032, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Bryant AJ, Robinson LJ, Moore CS, Blackwell TR, Gladson S, Penner NL, Burman A, McClellan LJ, Polosukhin VV, Tanjore H, McConaha ME, Gleaves LA, Talati MA, Hemnes AR, Fessel JP, Lawson WE, Blackwell TS, West JD. Expression of mutant bone morphogenetic protein receptor II worsens pulmonary hypertension secondary to pulmonary fibrosis. Pulm Circ 2015; 5:681-90. [PMID: 26697175 DOI: 10.1086/683811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is often complicated by pulmonary hypertension (PH), and previous studies have shown a potential link between bone morphogenetic protein receptor II (BMPR2) and PH secondary to pulmonary fibrosis. We exposed transgenic mice expressing mutant BMPR2 and control mice to repetitive intraperitoneal injections of bleomycin for 4 weeks. The duration of transgene activation was too short for mutant BMPR2 mice to develop spontaneous PH. Mutant BMPR2 mice had increased right ventricular systolic pressure compared to control mice, without differences in pulmonary fibrosis. We found increased hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1-α stabilization in lungs of mutant-BMPR2-expressing mice compared to controls following bleomycin treatment. In addition, expression of the hypoxia response element protein connective tissue growth factor was increased in transgenic mice as well as in a human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell line expressing mutant BMPR2. In mouse pulmonary vascular endothelial cells, mutant BMPR2 expression resulted in increased HIF1-α and reactive oxygen species production following exposure to hypoxia, both of which were attenuated with the antioxidant TEMPOL. These data suggest that expression of mutant BMPR2 worsens secondary PH through increased HIF activity in vascular endothelium. This pathway could be therapeutically targeted in patients with PH secondary to pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Bryant
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA ; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Linda J Robinson
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christy S Moore
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Thomas R Blackwell
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Santhi Gladson
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Niki L Penner
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ankita Burman
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lucas J McClellan
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Vasiliy V Polosukhin
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Harikrishna Tanjore
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Melinda E McConaha
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Linda A Gleaves
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Megha A Talati
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anna R Hemnes
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joshua P Fessel
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - William E Lawson
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA ; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Timothy S Blackwell
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA ; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - James D West
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
155
|
Bryant AJ, Carrick RP, McConaha ME, Jones BR, Shay SD, Moore CS, Blackwell TR, Gladson S, Penner NL, Burman A, Tanjore H, Hemnes AR, Karwandyar AK, Polosukhin VV, Talati MA, Dong HJ, Gleaves LA, Carrier EJ, Gaskill C, Scott EW, Majka SM, Fessel JP, Haase VH, West JD, Blackwell TS, Lawson WE. Endothelial HIF signaling regulates pulmonary fibrosis-associated pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 310:L249-62. [PMID: 26637636 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00258.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) complicating chronic parenchymal lung disease, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, results in significant morbidity and mortality. Since the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling pathway is important for development of pulmonary hypertension in chronic hypoxia, we investigated whether HIF signaling in vascular endothelium regulates development of PH related to pulmonary fibrosis. We generated a transgenic model in which HIF is deleted within vascular endothelial cells and then exposed these mice to chronic intraperitoneal bleomycin to induce PH associated with lung fibrosis. Although no differences in the degree of fibrotic remodeling were observed, we found that endothelial HIF-deficient mice were protected against development of PH, including right ventricle and pulmonary vessel remodeling. Similarly, endothelial HIF-deficient mice were protected from PH after a 4-wk exposure to normobaric hypoxia. In vitro studies of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells isolated from the HIF-targeted mice and controls revealed that endothelial HIF signaling increases endothelial cell expression of connective tissue growth factor, enhances vascular permeability, and promotes pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and wound healing ability, all of which have the potential to impact the development of PH in vivo. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that vascular endothelial cell HIF signaling is necessary for development of hypoxia and pulmonary fibrosis associated PH. As such, HIF and HIF-regulated targets represent a therapeutic target in these conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Bryant
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ryan P Carrick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Melinda E McConaha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Brittany R Jones
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sheila D Shay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Christy S Moore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Thomas R Blackwell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Santhi Gladson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Niki L Penner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ankita Burman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Harikrishna Tanjore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anna R Hemnes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ayub K Karwandyar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Vasiliy V Polosukhin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Megha A Talati
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hui-Jia Dong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Linda A Gleaves
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Erica J Carrier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Christa Gaskill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Edward W Scott
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida; and
| | - Susan M Majka
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joshua P Fessel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Volker H Haase
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James D West
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Timothy S Blackwell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - William E Lawson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| |
Collapse
|
156
|
Farías JG, Herrera EA, Carrasco-Pozo C, Sotomayor-Zárate R, Cruz G, Morales P, Castillo RL. Pharmacological models and approaches for pathophysiological conditions associated with hypoxia and oxidative stress. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 158:1-23. [PMID: 26617218 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is the failure of oxygenation at the tissue level, where the reduced oxygen delivered is not enough to satisfy tissue demands. Metabolic depression is the physiological adaptation associated with reduced oxygen consumption, which evidently does not cause any harm to organs that are exposed to acute and short hypoxic insults. Oxidative stress (OS) refers to the imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability of endogenous antioxidant systems to scavenge ROS, where ROS overwhelms the antioxidant capacity. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diseases related to hypoxia during intrauterine development and postnatal life. Thus, excessive ROS are implicated in the irreversible damage to cell membranes, DNA, and other cellular structures by oxidizing lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Here, we describe several pathophysiological conditions and in vivo and ex vivo models developed for the study of hypoxic and oxidative stress injury. We reviewed existing literature on the responses to hypoxia and oxidative stress of the cardiovascular, renal, reproductive, and central nervous systems, and discussed paradigms of chronic and intermittent hypobaric hypoxia. This systematic review is a critical analysis of the advantages in the application of some experimental strategies and their contributions leading to novel pharmacological therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge G Farías
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de la Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Emilio A Herrera
- Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile; International Center for Andean Studies (INCAS), Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Ramón Sotomayor-Zárate
- Centro de Neurobiología y Plasticidad Cerebral (CNPC), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Cruz
- Centro de Neurobiología y Plasticidad Cerebral (CNPC), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Paola Morales
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Rodrigo L Castillo
- Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
157
|
Johns RA, Takimoto E, Meuchel LW, Elsaigh E, Zhang A, Heller NM, Semenza GL, Yamaji-Kegan K. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α Is a Critical Downstream Mediator for Hypoxia-Induced Mitogenic Factor (FIZZ1/RELMα)-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 36:134-44. [PMID: 26586659 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by progressive elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance, right ventricular failure, and ultimately death. We have shown that in rodents, hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (HIMF; also known as FIZZ1 or resistin-like molecule-β) causes PH by initiating lung vascular inflammation. We hypothesized that hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a critical downstream signal mediator of HIMF during PH development. APPROACH AND RESULTS In this study, we compared the degree of HIMF-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and PH development in wild-type (HIF-1α(+/+)) and HIF-1α heterozygous null (HIF-1α(+/-)) mice. HIMF-induced PH was significantly diminished in HIF-1α(+/-) mice and was accompanied by a dysregulated vascular endothelial growth factor-A-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 pathway. HIF-1α was critical for bone marrow-derived cell migration and vascular tube formation in response to HIMF. Furthermore, HIMF and its human homolog, resistin-like molecule-β, significantly increased interleukin (IL)-6 in macrophages and lung resident cells through a mechanism dependent on HIF-1α and, at least to some extent, on nuclear factor κB. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that HIF-1α is a critical downstream transcription factor for HIMF-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and PH development. Importantly, both HIMF and human resistin-like molecule-β significantly increased IL-6 in lung resident cells and increased perivascular accumulation of IL-6-expressing macrophages in the lungs of mice. These data suggest that HIMF can induce HIF-1, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and interleukin-6, which are critical mediators of both hypoxic inflammation and PH pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Johns
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (R.A.J., L.W.M., E.E., A.Z., N.M.H., K.Y.-K.), the Division of Cardiology (E.T.), and Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Eiki Takimoto
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (R.A.J., L.W.M., E.E., A.Z., N.M.H., K.Y.-K.), the Division of Cardiology (E.T.), and Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lucas W Meuchel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (R.A.J., L.W.M., E.E., A.Z., N.M.H., K.Y.-K.), the Division of Cardiology (E.T.), and Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Esra Elsaigh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (R.A.J., L.W.M., E.E., A.Z., N.M.H., K.Y.-K.), the Division of Cardiology (E.T.), and Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ailan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (R.A.J., L.W.M., E.E., A.Z., N.M.H., K.Y.-K.), the Division of Cardiology (E.T.), and Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nicola M Heller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (R.A.J., L.W.M., E.E., A.Z., N.M.H., K.Y.-K.), the Division of Cardiology (E.T.), and Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (R.A.J., L.W.M., E.E., A.Z., N.M.H., K.Y.-K.), the Division of Cardiology (E.T.), and Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kazuyo Yamaji-Kegan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (R.A.J., L.W.M., E.E., A.Z., N.M.H., K.Y.-K.), the Division of Cardiology (E.T.), and Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.
| |
Collapse
|
158
|
Adesina SE, Kang BY, Bijli KM, Ma J, Cheng J, Murphy TC, Michael Hart C, Sutliff RL. Targeting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species to modulate hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 87:36-47. [PMID: 26073127 PMCID: PMC4615392 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular remodeling, resistance, and pressures. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to PH-associated vascular dysfunction. NADPH oxidases (Nox) and mitochondria are major sources of superoxide (O(2)(•-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) in pulmonary vascular cells. Hypoxia, a common stimulus of PH, increases Nox expression and mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production. The interactions between these two sources of ROS generation continue to be defined. We hypothesized that mitochondria-derived O(2)(•-) (mtO(2)(•-)) and H(2)O(2) (mtH(2)O(2)) increase Nox expression to promote PH pathogenesis and that mitochondria-targeted antioxidants can reduce mtROS, Nox expression, and hypoxia-induced PH. Exposure of human pulmonary artery endothelial cells to hypoxia for 72 h increased mtO(2)(•-) and mtH(2)O(2). To assess the contribution of mtO(2)(•-) and mtH(2)O(2) to hypoxia-induced PH, mice that overexpress superoxide dismutase 2 (Tg(hSOD2)) or mitochondria-targeted catalase (MCAT) were exposed to normoxia (21% O(2)) or hypoxia (10% O(2)) for three weeks. Compared with hypoxic control mice, MCAT mice developed smaller hypoxia-induced increases in RVSP, α-SMA staining, extracellular H(2)O(2) (Amplex Red), Nox2 and Nox4 (qRT-PCR and Western blot), or cyclinD1 and PCNA (Western blot). In contrast, Tg(hSOD2) mice experienced exacerbated responses to hypoxia. These studies demonstrate that hypoxia increases mtO(2)(•-) and mtH(2)O(2). Targeting mtH(2)O(2) attenuates PH pathogenesis, whereas targeting mtO(2)(•-) exacerbates PH. These differences in PH pathogenesis were mirrored by RVSP, vessel muscularization, levels of Nox2 and Nox4, proliferation, and H(2)O(2) release. These studies suggest that targeted reductions in mtH(2)O(2) generation may be particularly effective in preventing hypoxia-induced PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherry E Adesina
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA
| | - Bum-Yong Kang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA
| | - Kaiser M Bijli
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA
| | - Jing Ma
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA
| | - Juan Cheng
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA
| | - Tamara C Murphy
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA
| | - C Michael Hart
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA
| | - Roy L Sutliff
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Saini Y, Proper SP, Dornbos P, Greenwood KK, Kopec AK, Lynn SG, Grier E, Burgoon LD, Zacharewski TR, Thomas RS, Harkema JR, LaPres JJ. Loss of Hif-2α Rescues the Hif-1α Deletion Phenotype of Neonatal Respiratory Distress In Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139270. [PMID: 26422241 PMCID: PMC4589293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a state of decreased oxygen reaching the tissues of the body. During prenatal development, the fetus experiences localized occurrences of hypoxia that are essential for proper organogenesis and survival. The response to decreased oxygen availability is primarily regulated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), a family of transcription factors that modulate the expression of key genes involved in glycolysis, angiogenesis, and erythropoiesis. HIF-1α and HIF-2α, two key isoforms, are important in embryonic development, and likely are involved in lung morphogenesis. We have recently shown that the inducible loss of Hif-1α in lung epithelium starting at E4.5 leads to death within an hour of parturition, with symptoms similar to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). In addition to Hif-1α, Hif-2α is also expressed in the developing lung, although the overlapping roles of Hif-1α and Hif-2α in this context are not fully understood. To further investigate the independent role of Hif-2α in lung epithelium and its ability to alter Hif-1α-mediated lung maturation, we generated two additional lung-specific inducible Hif-α knockout models (Hif-2α and Hif-1α+Hif-2α). The intrauterine loss of Hif-2α in the lungs does not lead to decreased viability or observable phenotypic changes in the lung. More interestingly, survivability observed after the loss of both Hif-1α and Hif-2α suggests that the loss of Hif-2α is capable of rescuing the neonatal RDS phenotype seen in Hif-1α-deficient pups. Microarray analyses of lung tissue from these three genotypes identified several factors, such as Scd1, Retlnγ, and Il-1r2, which are differentially regulated by the two HIF-α isoforms. Moreover, network analysis suggests that modulation of hormone-mediated, NF-κB, C/EBPα, and c-MYC signaling are central to HIF-mediated changes in lung development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Saini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Genetics Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Steven P. Proper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Peter Dornbos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Krista K. Greenwood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Anna K. Kopec
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Scott G. Lynn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Grier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Lyle D. Burgoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Timothy R. Zacharewski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Russell S. Thomas
- The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jack R. Harkema
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - John J. LaPres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Mitochondrial Science and Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
160
|
HIF-1α Plays a Critical Role in the Gestational Sidestream Smoke-Induced Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137757. [PMID: 26361040 PMCID: PMC4567349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and, in mice, gestational exposure to sidestream cigarette smoke (SS) induces BPD-like condition characterized by alveolar simplification, impaired angiogenesis, and suppressed surfactant protein production. Normal fetal development occurs in a hypoxic environment and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) regulate the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α that controls apoptosis and angiogenesis. To understand SS-induced BPD, we hypothesized that gestational SS affected alveolar development through HIF-1α. Methods Pregnant BALB/c mice were exposed to air (control) or SS throughout the gestational period and the 7-day-old lungs of the progeny were examined. Results Gestational SS increased apoptosis of alveolar and airway epithelial cells. This response was associated with increased alveolar volumes, higher levels of proapoptotic factors (FOXO3a, HIPK2, p53, BIM, BIK, and BAX) and the antiangiogenic factor (GAX), and lower levels of antiapoptotic factors (Akt-PI3K, NF-κB, HIF-1α, and Bcl-2) in the lung. Although gestational SS increased the cells containing the proangiogenic bombesin-like-peptide, it markedly decreased the expression of its receptor GRPR in the lung. The effects of SS on apoptosis were attenuated by the nAChR antagonist mecamylamine. Conclusions Gestational SS-induced BPD is potentially regulated by nAChRs and associated with downregulation of HIF-1α, increased apoptosis of epithelial cells, and increased alveolar volumes. Thus, in mice, exposure to sidestream tobacco smoke during pregnancy promotes BPD-like condition that is potentially mediated through the nAChR/HIF-1α pathway.
Collapse
|
161
|
Hartman W, Helan M, Smelter D, Sathish V, Thompson M, Pabelick CM, Johnson B, Prakash YS. Role of Hypoxia-Induced Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Human Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129489. [PMID: 26192455 PMCID: PMC4507987 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia effects on pulmonary artery structure and function are key to diseases such as pulmonary hypertension. Recent studies suggest that growth factors called neurotrophins, particularly brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), can influence lung structure and function, and their role in the pulmonary artery warrants further investigation. In this study, we examined the effect of hypoxia on BDNF in humans, and the influence of hypoxia-enhanced BDNF expression and signaling in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Methods and Results 48h of 1% hypoxia enhanced BDNF and TrkB expression, as well as release of BDNF. In arteries of patients with pulmonary hypertension, BDNF expression and release was higher at baseline. In isolated PASMCs, hypoxia-induced BDNF increased intracellular Ca2+ responses to serotonin: an effect altered by HIF1α inhibition or by neutralization of extracellular BDNF via chimeric TrkB-Fc. Enhanced BDNF/TrkB signaling increased PASMC survival and proliferation, and decreased apoptosis following hypoxia. Conclusions Enhanced expression and signaling of the BDNF-TrkB system in PASMCs is a potential mechanism by which hypoxia can promote changes in pulmonary artery structure and function. Accordingly, the BDNF-TrkB system could be a key player in the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular diseases, and thus a potential target for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Hartman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Martin Helan
- International Clinical Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, St. Anne's University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dan Smelter
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Venkatachalem Sathish
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Michael Thompson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Christina M. Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Bruce Johnson
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Y. S. Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
162
|
Upregulation of canonical transient receptor potential channel in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle of a chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension rat model. Hypertens Res 2015; 38:821-8. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2015.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
163
|
Liu Z, Zhang B, Wang XB, Li Y, Xi RG, Han F, Li WP, Fu L, Li Z, Jin F. Hypertonicity contributes to seawater aspiration-induced lung injury: Role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. Exp Lung Res 2015; 41:301-15. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2015.1030803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
164
|
Woik N, Kroll J. Regulation of lung development and regeneration by the vascular system. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:2709-18. [PMID: 25894695 PMCID: PMC11113134 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1907-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Blood vessels have been described a long time ago as passive circuits providing sufficient blood supply to ensure proper distribution of oxygen and nutrition. Blood vessels are mainly formed during embryonic development and in the early postnatal period. In the adult, blood vessels are quiescent, but can be activated and subsequently induced under pathophysiological conditions, such as ischemia and tumor growth. Surprisingly, recent data have suggested an active function for blood vessels, named angiocrine signaling, releasing trophogens which regulate organ development and organ regeneration including in the pancreas, lung, tumor cells, liver and bone. Lung development is driven by hypoxia as well as an intense endothelial-epithelial interaction, and important mechanisms contributing to these processes have recently been identified. This review aims to summarize recent developments and concepts about embryonic pulmonary vascular development and lung regeneration. We discuss hypoxia-inducible factor HIF-2α and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF as important mediators in lung development and focus on endothelial-epithelial interactions and angiocrine signaling mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Woik
- Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 13-17, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Kroll
- Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 13-17, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
165
|
Huetsch J, Shimoda LA. Na(+)/H(+) exchange and hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Circ 2015; 5:228-43. [PMID: 26064449 DOI: 10.1086/680213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular pH (pHi) homeostasis is key to the functioning of vascular smooth muscle cells, including pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Sodium-hydrogen exchange (NHE) is an important contributor to pHi control in PASMCs. In this review, we examine the role of NHE in PASMC function, in both physiologic and pathologic conditions. In particular, we focus on the contribution of NHE to the PASMC response to hypoxia, considering both acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension in response to chronic hypoxia. Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension remains a disease with limited therapeutic options. Thus, this review explores past efforts at disrupting NHE signaling and discusses the therapeutic potential that such efforts may have in the field of pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Huetsch
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Larissa A Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Jiang Y, Wang J, Tian H, Li G, Zhu H, Liu L, Hu R, Dai A. Increased SUMO-1 expression in response to hypoxia: Interaction with HIF-1α in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:271-81. [PMID: 25976847 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) develops in 30-70% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and increases morbidity and mortality. The present study aimed to investigate the regulation of small ubiquitin‑related modifier‑1 (SUMO‑1) expression in response to hypoxia. The experiments were carried out in vitro in rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and in vivo using a rat hypoxic PH (HPH) model. A significant increase in SUMO‑1 mRNA and protein levels was observed following hypoxic stimulation in vivo and in vitro. SUMO‑1 is known to interact with various transcription factors, including hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α (HIF‑1α) in vitro. Notably, the expression of HIF‑1α and its target gene, vascular endothelial growth factor, was increased by hypoxia in HPH. In addition, the present data suggest that SUMO‑1 regulated HIF‑1α in response to hypoxia (gene silencing and overexpression). Finally, the co‑immunoprecipitation assays suggest a direct and specific interaction between SUMO‑1 and HIF‑1α. In conclusion, SUMO‑1 may participate in the modulation of HIF‑1α through sumoylation in HPH. However, further studies are required to confirm this.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Jiang
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Province Geriatric Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Province Geriatric Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
| | - Hua Tian
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Province Geriatric Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
| | - Guang Li
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Province Geriatric Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Province Geriatric Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Province Geriatric Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
| | - Ruicheng Hu
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Province Geriatric Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Province Geriatric Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
167
|
Newman JH, Holt TN, Cogan JD, Womack B, Phillips JA, Li C, Kendall Z, Stenmark KR, Thomas MG, Brown RD, Riddle SR, West JD, Hamid R. Increased prevalence of EPAS1 variant in cattle with high-altitude pulmonary hypertension. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6863. [PMID: 25873470 PMCID: PMC4399003 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH) has heritable features and is a major cause of death in cattle in the Rocky Mountains, USA. Although multiple genes are likely involved in the genesis of HAPH, to date no major gene variant has been identified. Using whole-exome sequencing, we report the high association of an EPAS1 (HIF2α) double variant in the oxygen degradation domain of EPAS1 in Angus cattle with HAPH, mean pulmonary artery pressure >50 mm Hg in two independent herds. Expression analysis shows upregulation of 26 of 27 HIF2α target genes in EPAS1 carriers with HAPH. Of interest, this variant appears to be prevalent in lowland cattle, in which 41% of a herd of 32 are carriers, but the variant may only have a phenotype when the animal is hypoxemic at altitude. The EPAS1 variant will be a tool to determine the cells and signalling pathways leading to HAPH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John H. Newman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Timothy N. Holt
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural Science, Colorado State University, Ft Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Joy D. Cogan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Bethany Womack
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - John A. Phillips
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Zachary Kendall
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Kurt R. Stenmark
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Denver Colorado 80045, USA
| | - Milton G. Thomas
- Department of Animal Science, Colorado State University, Ft Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - R. Dale Brown
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Denver Colorado 80045, USA
| | - Suzette R. Riddle
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Denver Colorado 80045, USA
| | - James D. West
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Rizwan Hamid
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| |
Collapse
|
168
|
Huertas A, Tu L, Thuillet R, Le Hiress M, Phan C, Ricard N, Nadaud S, Fadel E, Humbert M, Guignabert C. Leptin signalling system as a target for pulmonary arterial hypertension therapy. Eur Respir J 2015; 45:1066-80. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00193014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Excessive proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PA-SMCs) and perivascular inflammation lead to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) progression, but they are not specifically targeted by the current therapies. Since leptin (Ob) and its main receptor ObR-b contribute to systemic vascular cell proliferation and inflammation, we questioned whether targeting Ob/ObR-b axis would be an effective antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory strategy against PAH.In idiopathic PAH (iPAH), using human lung tissues and primary cell cultures (early passages ≤5), we demonstrate that pulmonary endothelial cells (P-ECs) over produce Ob and that PA-SMCs overexpress ObR-b. Furthermore, we obtain evidence that Ob enhances proliferation of human PA-SMCs in vitro and increases right ventricular systolic pressure in Ob-treated mice in the chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) model. Using human cells, we also show that Ob leads to monocyte activation and increases cell adhesion molecule expression levels in P-ECs. We also find that Ob/ObR-b axis contributes to PH susceptibility by using ObR-deficient rats, which display less severe hypoxia-induced PH (pulmonary haemodynamics, arterial muscularisation, PA-SMC proliferation and perivascular inflammation). Importantly, we demonstrate the efficacy of two curative strategies using a soluble Ob neutraliser and dichloroacetate in hypoxia-induced PH.We demonstrate here that Ob/ObR-b axis may represent anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory targets in PAH.
Collapse
|
169
|
Ma H, Xu D, Wu Y, Ma Y, Li Z. To decipher the hypoxic pulmonary hypertension: Vascular heterogeneity and the hypothesis of hypoxic responsive threshold. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HYPOTHESES AND IDEAS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmhi.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
170
|
Hassoun PM, Schumacker PT. Update in pulmonary vascular diseases 2013. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 190:738-43. [PMID: 25271744 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201405-0871up] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Hassoun
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | | |
Collapse
|
171
|
Robinson JC, Graham BB, Rouault TC, Tuder RM. The crossroads of iron with hypoxia and cellular metabolism. Implications in the pathobiology of pulmonary hypertension. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 51:721-9. [PMID: 24988529 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0021tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathologic hallmark of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is pulmonary vascular remodeling, characterized by endothelial cell proliferation, smooth muscle hypertrophy, and perivascular inflammation, ultimately contributing to increased pulmonary arterial pressures. Several recent studies have observed that iron deficiency in patients with various forms of PAH is associated with worsened clinical outcome. Iron plays a key role in many cellular processes regulating the response to hypoxia, oxidative stress, cellular proliferation, and cell metabolism. Given the potential importance of iron supplementation in patients with the disease and the broad cellular functions of iron, we review its role in processes that pertain to PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C Robinson
- 1 Program in Translational Lung Research, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
172
|
Kobayashi S, Yamashita T, Ohneda K, Nagano M, Kimura K, Nakai H, Poellinger L, Ohneda O. Hypoxia-inducible factor-3α promotes angiogenic activity of pulmonary endothelial cells by repressing the expression of the VE-cadherin gene. Genes Cells 2015; 20:224-41. [PMID: 25626335 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The variants of the hypoxia-inducible factor-3α gene HIF-3α and NEPAS are known to repress the transcriptional activities driven by HIF-1α and HIF-2α. Although NEPAS has been shown to play an important role in vascular remodeling during lung development, little is known about the roles of HIF-3α in adult lung function. Here, we examined pulmonary endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from wild-type (WT) and HIF-3α functional knockout (KO) mice. The expression levels of angiogenic factors (Flk1, Ang2 and Tie2) were significantly greater in the HIF-3α KO ECs than those in the WT ECs irrespective of oxygen tension. However, the HIF-3α KO ECs showed impaired proliferative and angiogenic activities. The impaired EC function was likely due to the excess vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, an inhibitor of Flk1/PI3 kinase/Akt signaling, as treatment of the cells to a neutralizing antibody partly restored the phenotype of the HIF-3α KO ECs. Importantly, we found that the mRNA levels of HIF-2α and Ets-1 were significantly increased by HIF-3α ablation. Given that both factors are known to activate the VE-cadherin gene, the transcriptional repression of these factors by HIF-3α might be important for silencing the irrelevant expression of the VE-cadherin gene. Collectively, these data show novel and unique roles of HIF-3α for angiogenic gene regulation in pulmonary ECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
173
|
Ganguly K, Martin TM, Concel VJ, Upadhyay S, Bein K, Brant KA, George L, Mitra A, Thimraj TA, Fabisiak JP, Vuga LJ, Fattman C, Kaminski N, Schulz H, Leikauf GD. Secreted phosphoprotein 1 is a determinant of lung function development in mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 51:637-51. [PMID: 24816281 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0471oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1) is located within quantitative trait loci associated with lung function that was previously identified by contrasting C3H/HeJ and JF1/Msf mouse strains that have extremely divergent lung function. JF1/Msf mice with diminished lung function had reduced lung SPP1 transcript and protein during the peak stage of alveologenesis (postnatal day [P]14-P28) as compared with C3H/HeJ mice. In addition to a previously identified genetic variant that altered runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) binding in the Spp1 promoter, we identified another promoter variant in a putative RUNX2 binding site that increased the DNA protein binding. SPP1 induced dose-dependent mouse lung epithelial-15 cell proliferation. Spp1((-/-)) mice have decreased specific total lung capacity/body weight, higher specific compliance, and increased mean airspace chord length (Lm) compared with Spp1((+/+)) mice. Microarray analysis revealed enriched gene ontogeny categories, with numerous genes associated with lung development and/or respiratory disease. Insulin-like growth factor 1, Hedgehog-interacting protein, wingless-related mouse mammary tumor virus integration site 5A, and NOTCH1 transcripts decreased in the lung of P14 Spp1((-/-)) mice as determined by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. SPP1 promotes pneumocyte growth, and mice lacking SPP1 have smaller, more compliant lungs with enlarged airspace (i.e., increased Lm). Microarray analysis suggests a dysregulation of key lung developmental transcripts in gene-targeted Spp1((-/-)) mice, particularly during the peak phase of alveologenesis. In addition to its known roles in lung disease, this study supports SPP1 as a determinant of lung development in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koustav Ganguly
- 1 Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
174
|
Piotrowski WJ, Kiszałkiewicz J, Pastuszak-Lewandoska D, Górski P, Antczak A, Migdalska-Sęk M, Górski W, Czarnecka KH, Domańska D, Nawrot E, Brzeziańska-Lasota E. Expression of HIF-1A/VEGF/ING-4 Axis in Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 866:61-9. [PMID: 26022899 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2015_144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis/angiostasis regulated by hypoxia inducible factor-1A (HIF-1A)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/inhibitor of growth protein 4 (ING-4) axis may be crucial for the course and outcome of sarcoidosis. Overexpression of angiogenic factors (activation of VEGF through HIF-1A) may predispose to chronic course and lung fibrosis, whereas immunoangiostasis (related to an overexpression of inhibitory ING-4) may be involved in granuloma formation in early sarcoid inflammation, or sustained or recurrent formation of granulomas. In this work we investigated gene expression of HIF-1A, VEGF and ING-4 in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) cells and in peripheral blood (PB) lymphocytes of sarcoidosis patients (n=94), to better understand mechanisms of the disease and to search for its biomarkers. The relative gene expression level (RQ value) was analyzed by qPCR. The results were evaluated according to the presence of lung parenchymal involvement (radiological stage I vs. II-IV), acute vs. insidious onset, lung function tests, calcium metabolism parameters, percentage of lymphocytes (BALL%) and BAL CD4+/CD8+ in BALF, age, and gender. In BALF cells, the ING-4 and VEGF RQ values were increased, while HIF-1A expression was decreased. In PB lymphocytes all studied genes were overexpressed. Higher expression of HIF-1A in PB lymphocytes of patients with abnormal spirometry, and in BALF cells of patients with lung volume restriction was found. VEGF gene expression in BALF cells was also higher in patients with abnormal spirometry. These findings were in line with previous data on the role of HIF-1A/VEGF/ING-4 axis in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. Up-regulated HIF-1A and VEGF genes are linked to acknowledged negative prognostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W J Piotrowski
- Department of Pneumology and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213, Lodz, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
175
|
Ding Y, Yang D, Xun X, Wang Z, Sun P, Xu D, He P, Niu H, Jin T. Association of genetic polymorphisms with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Hainan population: a case-control study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2014; 10:7-13. [PMID: 25565795 PMCID: PMC4279605 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s73042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is predicted to become the third most common cause of death and the fifth most common cause of disability in the world by 2020. Recently, variants in the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1A), cholinergic receptor, neuronal nicotinic, alpha polypeptide-5, and iron-responsive element-binding protein 2 gene (IREB2) genes were found to be associated with COPD. This study aims to identify whether the variations in these genes are related to COPD in the Hainan population of the People’s Republic of China. Patients and methods We genotyped 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms in a case-control study with 200 COPD cases and 401 controls from Hainan, People’s Republic of China. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using the chi-squared (χ2) test, genetic model analysis, haplotype analysis, and stratification analysis. Results In the genetic model analysis, we found that the genotype T/T of rs13180 of IREB2 decreased the COPD risk by 0.52-fold (P=0.025). But in the further stratification analysis, we failed to find the association between the selected single nucleotide polymorphisms with COPD risk in Han population. In addition, the haplotype analysis of HIF1A gene also was not found to be the possible haplotype associated with COPD risk. Conclusion Our results support that IREB2 rs13180 is associated with COPD in Hainan population. And this is the first time the HIF1A polymorphisms in COPD in a Chinese population has been reported, although we failed to find any significant result.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Ding
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Danlei Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Xun
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- Department of Respiration, People's Hospital of Qionghai, Qionghai, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Sun
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongchuan Xu
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Niu
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China ; National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
176
|
Liu Y, Mallampalli RK. Decoding the growth advantage of hypoxia-sensitive lung cancer. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 190:603-5. [PMID: 25221878 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201408-1503ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- 1 Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | |
Collapse
|
177
|
Rossor T, Greenough A. Advances in paediatric pulmonary vascular disease associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Expert Rev Respir Med 2014; 9:35-43. [PMID: 25426585 DOI: 10.1586/17476348.2015.986470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common finding in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The aim of this review is to describe recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of PH and discuss whether they will benefit infants and children with BPD related PH. Echocardiography remains the mainstay of diagnosis but has limitations, further developments in diagnostic techniques and identification of biomarkers are required. There are many potential therapies for PH associated with BPD. Inhaled nitric oxide has been shown to improve short term outcomes only. Sidenafil in resource limited settings was shown in three randomized trials to significantly reduce mortality. The efficacy of other therapies including prostacyclin, PDE3 inhibitors and endothelin receptor blockers has only been reported in case reports or case series. Randomized controlled trials with long term follow up are required to appropriately assess the efficacy of therapies aimed at improving the outcome of children with PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rossor
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, London, England, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
178
|
Suresh MV, Ramakrishnan SK, Thomas B, Machado-Aranda D, Bi Y, Talarico N, Anderson E, Yatrik SM, Raghavendran K. Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in type 2 alveolar epithelial cell is a major driver of acute inflammation following lung contusion. Crit Care Med 2014; 42:e642-53. [PMID: 25014067 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000000488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung contusion is a major risk factor for the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is the primary transcription factor that is responsible for regulating the cellular response to changes in oxygen tension. We set to determine if hypoxia-inducible factor-1α plays a role in the pathogenesis of acute inflammatory response and injury in lung contusion. DESIGN Nonlethal closed-chest unilateral lung contusion was induced in a hypoxia reporter mouse model and type 2 cell-specific hypoxia-inducible factor-1α conditional knockout mice. The mice were killed at 5-, 24-, 48-, and 72-hour time points, and the extent of systemic and tissue hypoxia was assessed. In addition, injury and inflammation were assessed by measuring bronchoalveolar lavage cells (flow cytometry and cytospin), albumin (permeability injury), and cytokines (inflammation). Isolated type 2 cells from the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α conditional knockout mice were isolated and evaluated for proinflammatory cytokines following lung contusion. Finally, the role of nuclear factor-κB and interleukin-1β as intermediates in this interaction was studied. RESULTS Lung contusion induced profound global hypoxia rapidly. Increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α from lung samples was observed as early as 60 minutes, following the insult. The extent of lung injury following lung contusion was significantly reduced in conditional knockout mice at all the time points, when compared with the wild-type littermate mice. Release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, and keratinocyte chemoattractant, was significantly lower in conditional knockout mice. These actions are in part mediated through nuclear factor-κB. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in lung epithelial cells was shown to regulate interleukin-1β promoter activity. CONCLUSION Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in type 2 cell is a major driver of acute inflammation following lung contusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madathilparambil V Suresh
- 1Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI. 2Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI. 3Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
179
|
Antioxidant mechanism of Rutin on hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial cell proliferation. Molecules 2014; 19:19036-49. [PMID: 25412048 PMCID: PMC6270752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191119036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the pathologic process of pulmonary arterial hypertension as either mediators or inducers. Rutin is a type of flavonoid which exhibits significant scavenging properties on oxygen radicals both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we proposed that rutin attenuated hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation by scavenging ROS. Immunofluorescence data showed that rutin decreased the production of ROS, which was mainly generated through mitochondria and NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs). Western blot results provided further evidence on rutin increasing expression of Nox4 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Moreover, cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry indicated that proliferation of PASMCs triggered by hypoxia was also repressed by rutin. However, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a scavenger of ROS, abolished or diminished the capability of rutin in repressing hypoxia-induced cell proliferation. These data suggest that rutin shows a potential benefit against the development of hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension by inhibiting ROS, subsequently preventing hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation.
Collapse
|
180
|
Jin H, Wang Y, Zhou L, Liu L, Zhang P, Deng W, Yuan Y. Melatonin attenuates hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by inhibiting the inflammation and the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. J Pineal Res 2014; 57:442-50. [PMID: 25251287 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced inflammation and excessive proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) play important roles in the pathological process of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). Melatonin possesses anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. However, the effect of melatonin on HPH remains unclear. In this study, adult Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to intermittent chronic hypoxia for 4 wk to mimic a severe HPH condition. Hemodynamic and pulmonary pathomorphology data showed that chronic hypoxia significantly increased right ventricular systolic pressures (RVSP), weight of the right ventricle/left ventricle plus septum (RV/LV+S) ratio, and median width of pulmonary arterioles. Melatonin attenuated the elevation of RVSP, RV/LV+S, and mitigated the pulmonary vascular structure remodeling. Melatonin also suppressed the hypoxia-induced high expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). In vitro, melatonin concentration-dependently inhibited the proliferation of PASMCs and the levels of phosphorylation of Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinases1/2 (ERK1/2) caused by hypoxia. These results suggested that melatonin might potentially prevent HPH via anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Jin
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, Dalian, China; Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
181
|
Pimton P, Lecht S, Stabler CT, Johannes G, Schulman ES, Lelkes PI. Hypoxia enhances differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into definitive endoderm and distal lung cells. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 24:663-76. [PMID: 25226206 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of hypoxia on spontaneous (SP)- and activin A (AA)-induced definitive endoderm (DE) differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and their subsequent differentiation into distal pulmonary epithelial cells. SP differentiation for 6 days of mESCs toward endoderm at hypoxia of 1% O2, but not at 3% or 21% (normoxia), increased the expression of Sox17 and Foxa2 by 31- and 63-fold above maintenance culture, respectively. Treatment of mESCs with 20 ng/mL AA for 6 days under hypoxia further increased the expression of DE marker genes Sox17, Foxa2, and Cxcr4 by 501-, 1,483-, and 126-fold above maintenance cultures, respectively. Transient exposure to hypoxia, as short as 24 h, was sufficient to enhance AA-induced endoderm formation. The involvement of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the AA-induced endoderm enrichment was assessed using HIF-1α(-/-) mESCs and the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Under SP conditions, HIF-1α(-/-) mESCs failed to increase the expression of endodermal marker genes but rather shifted toward ectoderm. Hypoxia induced only a marginal potentiation of AA-induced endoderm differentiation in HIF-1α(-/-) mESCs. Treatment of mESCs with AA and NAC led to a dose-dependent decrease in Sox17 and Foxa2 expression. In addition, the duration of exposure to hypoxia in the course of a recently reported lung differentiation protocol resulted in differentially enhanced expression of distal lung epithelial cell marker genes aquaporin 5 (Aqp5), surfactant protein C (Sftpc), and secretoglobin 1a1 (Scgb1a1) for alveolar epithelium type I, type II, and club cells, respectively. Our study is the first to show the effects of in vitro hypoxia on efficient formation of DE and lung lineages. We suggest that the extent of hypoxia and careful timing may be important components of in vitro differentiation bioprocesses for the differential generation of distal lung epithelial cells from pluripotent progenitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pimchanok Pimton
- 1 Department of Biology, School of Science, Walailak University , Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
182
|
Abstract
Populations residing for millennia on the high-altitude plateaus of the world started natural experiments that we can evaluate to address questions about the processes of evolution and adaptation. A 2001 assessment in this journal summarized abundant evidence that Tibetan and Andean high-altitude natives had different phenotypes, and the article made a case for the hypothesis that different genetic bases underlie traits in the two populations. Since then, knowledge of the prehistory of high-altitude populations has grown, information about East African highlanders has become available, genomic science has grown exponentially, and the genetic and molecular bases of oxygen homeostasis have been clarified. Those scientific advances have transformed the study of high-altitude populations. The present review aims to summarize recent advances in understanding with an emphasis on the genetic bases of adaptive phenotypes, particularly hemoglobin concentration among Tibetan highlanders. EGLN1 and EPAS1 encode two crucial proteins contributing to oxygen homeostasis, the oxygen sensor PHD2 and the transcription factor subunit HIF-2α, respectively; they show signals of natural selection such as marked allele frequency differentiation between Tibetans and lowland populations. EPAS1 genotypes associated in several studies with the dampened hemoglobin phenotype that is characteristic of Tibetans at high altitude but did not associate with the dampened response among Amhara from Ethiopia or the vigorous elevation of hemoglobin concentration among Andean highlanders. Future work will likely develop understanding of the integrative biology leading from genotype to phenotype to population in all highland areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M. Beall
- Department of Anthropology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106–7125
| |
Collapse
|
183
|
Penumatsa KC, Toksoz D, Warburton RR, Hilmer AJ, Liu T, Khosla C, Comhair SAA, Fanburg BL. Role of hypoxia-induced transglutaminase 2 in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L576-85. [PMID: 25128524 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00162.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that transglutaminase 2 (TG2) activity is markedly elevated in lungs of hypoxia-exposed rodent models of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Since vascular remodeling of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is important in PH, we undertook the present study to determine whether TG2 activity is altered in PASMCs with exposure to hypoxia and whether that alteration participates in their proliferative response to hypoxia. Cultured distal bovine (b) and proximal human (h) PASMCs were exposed to hypoxia (3% O2) or normoxia (21% O2). mRNA and protein expression were determined by PCR and Western blot analyses. TG2 activity and function were visualized and determined by fluorescent labeled 5-pentylamine biotin incorporation and immunoblotting of serotonylated fibronectin. Cell proliferation was assessed by [(3)H]thymidine incorporation assay. At 24 h, both TG2 expression and activity were stimulated by hypoxia in bPASMCs. Activation of TG2 by hypoxia was blocked by inhibition of the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor or the transient receptor potential channel V4. In contrast, TG2 expression was blocked by inhibition of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, supporting the presence of separate mechanisms for stimulation of activity and expression of TG2. Pulmonary arterial hypertension patient-derived hPASMCs were found to proliferate significantly more rapidly and respond to hypoxia more strongly than control-derived hPASMCs. Similar to bovine cells, hypoxia-induced proliferation of patient-derived cells was blocked by inhibition of TG2 activity. Our results suggest an important role for TG2, mediated by intracellular calcium fluxes and HIF-1α, in hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation and possibly in vascular remodeling in PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna C Penumatsa
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Tupper Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deniz Toksoz
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Tupper Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rod R Warburton
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Tupper Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew J Hilmer
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California; and
| | - Tiegang Liu
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Tupper Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chaitan Khosla
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California; and
| | - Suzy A A Comhair
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Barry L Fanburg
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Tupper Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts;
| |
Collapse
|
184
|
Papamatheakis DG, Chundu M, Blood AB, Wilson SM. Prenatal programming of pulmonary hypertension induced by chronic hypoxia or ductal ligation in sheep. Pulm Circ 2014; 3:757-80. [PMID: 25006393 DOI: 10.1086/674767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is caused by a spectrum of functional and structural abnormalities of the cardiopulmonary circuit. The existence of multiple etiologies and an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms of disease progression have hindered the development of effective therapies. Animal models offer a means of gaining a better understanding of the fundamental basis of the disease. To that effect, a number of experimental animal models are being used to generate pulmonary hypertension in the fetus and newborn. In this review, we compare the mechanisms associated with pulmonary hypertension caused by two such models: in utero ligation of the ductus arteriosus and chronic perinatal hypoxia in sheep fetuses and newborns. In this manner, we make direct comparisons between ductal ligation and chronic hypoxia with respect to the associated mechanisms of disease, since multiple studies have been performed with both models in a single species. We present evidence that the mechanisms associated with pulmonary hypertension are dependent on the type of stress to which the fetus is subjected. Such an analysis allows for a more thorough evaluation of the disease etiology, which can help focus clinical treatments. The final part of the review provides a clinical appraisal of current treatment strategies and lays the foundation for developing individualized therapies that depend on the causative factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Demosthenes G Papamatheakis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of California San Diego Health System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Madalitso Chundu
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Arlin B Blood
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology, and Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Sean M Wilson
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
185
|
Ma X, Jia Y, Zu S, Li R, Jia Y, Zhao Y, Xiao D, Dang N, Wang Y. Alpha5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mediates nicotine-induced HIF-1α and VEGF expression in non-small cell lung cancer. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 278:172-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
186
|
Qi B, Chen HL, Shang D, Dong Y, Zhang GX, Yu L. Effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and matrix metalloproteinase-9 on alveolar-capillary barrier disruption and lung edema in rat models of severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:899-906. [PMID: 25120621 PMCID: PMC4113543 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) on alveolar-capillary barrier disruption and lung edema in rat models of severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury (PALI). A total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham surgery group (n=10) and three PALI groups, in which acute pancreatitis was induced by the retrograde infusion of 5% sodium taurocholate (1 ml/kg). The PALI groups were as follows: i) Untreated PALI group (n=10); ii) 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) group (5 mg/kg body mass; n=10); and iii) 2ME2 group (15 mg/kg body mass; n=10). In the two 2ME2 groups, the HIF-1α inhibitor 2ME2 was administered intraperitoneally 1 h after the induction of AP. The severity of the pancreatitis was evaluated by the serum amylase levels and pathology. The severity of the lung injury was evaluated by the wet/dry ratio, blood gas analysis and pathology. The alveolar-capillary barrier disruption was assessed by Evans blue dye extravasation. The protein and mRNA expression levels of HIF-1α and MMP-9 were studied using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), western blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The active tumor necrosis factor-α levels were measured using an ELISA. The HIF-1α inhibitor 2ME2 attenuated the severity of the pancreatitis and PALI, while the lung edema and alveolar-capillary barrier disruption were significantly ameliorated compared with those in the untreated PALI group. Administration of the higher dose of 2ME2 significantly suppressed the protein expression of MMP-9 in the lung tissues. The results indicate that HIF-1α has a major function in alveolar-capillary barrier disruption and lung edema in PALI via a molecular pathway cascade involving MMP-9. Inhibition of HIF-1α by 2ME2 attenuates alveolar-capillary barrier disruption and lung edema. Pharmacological blockade of this pathway in patients with PALI may provide a novel therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Qi
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China ; Department of Acute Abdominal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Long Chen
- Department of Acute Abdominal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Dong Shang
- Department of Acute Abdominal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Ying Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Xin Zhang
- Department of Acute Abdominal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yu
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
187
|
Wang LE, Zhou Y, Li M, Zhu Y. Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, endothelin-1 and adrenomedullin in newborn rats with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:335-339. [PMID: 24944643 PMCID: PMC4061228 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is associated with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) in adults. In the present study, the expression levels of HIF-1α, endothelin (ET)-1 and adrenomedullin (ADM) were analyzed during HPH in neonates. In total, 96 newborn rats were subjected to hypoxia or normoxia for 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 or 21 days (n=8 per subgroup). HIF-1α, ET-1 and ADM expression levels were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the intima-media thickness/external diameter ratio (MT%) and medial wall cross-sectional area/vessel total cross-sectional area ratio (MA%) were calculated to evaluate pulmonary vascular remodeling. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) increased with exposure to hypoxia. Furthermore, the expression levels of HIF-1α, ET-1 and ADM in the lungs were shown to increase after three and five days of hypoxia, while the MT% and MA% increased after seven days of hypoxia, as compared with the controls (P<0.05). Therefore, the expression of HIF-1α, ET-1 and ADM is upregulated in the lungs of newborn rats during early HPH. At later stages, the mPAP increases, vascular remodeling occurs and HIF-1α, ET-1 and ADM expression levels restore to normal levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LE Wang
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Mingxia Li
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
188
|
Wheaton WW, Weinberg SE, Hamanaka RB, Soberanes S, Sullivan LB, Anso E, Glasauer A, Dufour E, Mutlu GM, Budigner GS, Chandel NS. Metformin inhibits mitochondrial complex I of cancer cells to reduce tumorigenesis. eLife 2014. [PMID: 24843020 DOI: 10.7554/elife.02242.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent epidemiological and laboratory-based studies suggest that the anti-diabetic drug metformin prevents cancer progression. How metformin diminishes tumor growth is not fully understood. In this study, we report that in human cancer cells, metformin inhibits mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) activity and cellular respiration. Metformin inhibited cellular proliferation in the presence of glucose, but induced cell death upon glucose deprivation, indicating that cancer cells rely exclusively on glycolysis for survival in the presence of metformin. Metformin also reduced hypoxic activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). All of these effects of metformin were reversed when the metformin-resistant Saccharomyces cerevisiae NADH dehydrogenase NDI1 was overexpressed. In vivo, the administration of metformin to mice inhibited the growth of control human cancer cells but not those expressing NDI1. Thus, we have demonstrated that metformin's inhibitory effects on cancer progression are cancer cell autonomous and depend on its ability to inhibit mitochondrial complex I.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.02242.001.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William W Wheaton
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Samuel E Weinberg
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Robert B Hamanaka
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Saul Soberanes
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Lucas B Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Elena Anso
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Andrea Glasauer
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Eric Dufour
- Institute of Biomedical Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Gokhan M Mutlu
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Gr Scott Budigner
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| |
Collapse
|
189
|
Wheaton WW, Weinberg SE, Hamanaka RB, Soberanes S, Sullivan LB, Anso E, Glasauer A, Dufour E, Mutlu GM, Budigner GS, Chandel NS. Metformin inhibits mitochondrial complex I of cancer cells to reduce tumorigenesis. eLife 2014; 3:e02242. [PMID: 24843020 PMCID: PMC4017650 DOI: 10.7554/elife.02242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 798] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent epidemiological and laboratory-based studies suggest that the anti-diabetic drug metformin prevents cancer progression. How metformin diminishes tumor growth is not fully understood. In this study, we report that in human cancer cells, metformin inhibits mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) activity and cellular respiration. Metformin inhibited cellular proliferation in the presence of glucose, but induced cell death upon glucose deprivation, indicating that cancer cells rely exclusively on glycolysis for survival in the presence of metformin. Metformin also reduced hypoxic activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). All of these effects of metformin were reversed when the metformin-resistant Saccharomyces cerevisiae NADH dehydrogenase NDI1 was overexpressed. In vivo, the administration of metformin to mice inhibited the growth of control human cancer cells but not those expressing NDI1. Thus, we have demonstrated that metformin's inhibitory effects on cancer progression are cancer cell autonomous and depend on its ability to inhibit mitochondrial complex I.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.02242.001.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William W Wheaton
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Samuel E Weinberg
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Robert B Hamanaka
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Saul Soberanes
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Lucas B Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Elena Anso
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Andrea Glasauer
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Eric Dufour
- Institute of Biomedical Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Gokhan M Mutlu
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Gr Scott Budigner
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| |
Collapse
|
190
|
Woik N, Dietz CT, Schäker K, Kroll J. Kelch-like ECT2-interacting protein KLEIP regulates late-stage pulmonary maturation via Hif-2α in mice. Dis Model Mech 2014; 7:683-92. [PMID: 24785085 PMCID: PMC4036475 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.014266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) caused by preterm delivery is a major clinical problem with limited mechanistic insight. Late-stage embryonic lung development is driven by hypoxia and the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors Hif-1α and Hif-2α, which act as important regulators for lung development. Expression of the BTB-and kelch-domain-containing (BTB-kelch) protein KLEIP (Kelch-like ECT2-interacting protein; also named Klhl20) is controlled by two hypoxia response elements, and KLEIP regulates stabilization and transcriptional activation of Hif-2α. Based on the available data, we hypothesized an essential role for KLEIP in murine lung development and function. Therefore, we have performed a functional, histological, mechanistic and interventional study in embryonic and neonatal KLEIP−/− mice. Here, we show that about half of the KLEIP−/− neonates die due to respiratory failure that is caused by insufficient aeration, reduced septal thinning, reduced glycogenolysis, type II pneumocyte immaturity and reduced surfactant production. Expression analyses in embryonic day (E) 18.5 lungs identified KLEIP in lung capillaries, and showed strongly reduced mRNA and protein levels for Hif-2α and VEGF; such reduced levels are associated with embryonic endothelial cell apoptosis and lung bleedings. Betamethasone injection in pregnant females prevented respiratory failure in KLEIP−/− neonates, normalized lung maturation, vascularization, aeration and function, and increased neonatal Hif-2α expression. Thus, the experimental study shows that respiratory failure in KLEIP−/− neonates is determined by insufficient angiocrine Hif-2α–VEGF signaling and that betamethasone activates this newly identified signaling cascade in late-stage embryonic lung development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Woik
- Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian T Dietz
- Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schäker
- Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Kroll
- Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
191
|
Vadivel A, Alphonse RS, Etches N, van Haaften T, Collins JJP, O'Reilly M, Eaton F, Thébaud B. Hypoxia-inducible factors promote alveolar development and regeneration. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:96-105. [PMID: 23962064 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0250oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how alveoli and the underlying capillary network develop and how these mechanisms are disrupted in disease states is critical for developing effective therapies for lung regeneration. Recent evidence suggests that lung angiogenesis promotes lung development and repair. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) preserves lung angiogenesis and alveolarization in experimental O2-induced arrested alveolar growth in newborn rats, but combined VEGF+angiopoietin 1 treatment is necessary to correct VEGF-induced vessel leakiness. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that activate multiple O2-sensitive genes, including those encoding for angiogenic growth factors, but their role during postnatal lung growth is incompletely understood. By inducing the expression of a range of angiogenic factors in a coordinated fashion, HIF may orchestrate efficient and safe angiogenesis superior to VEGF. We hypothesized that HIF inhibition impairs alveolarization and that HIF activation regenerates irreversible O2-induced arrested alveolar growth. HIF inhibition by intratracheal dominant-negative adenovirus (dnHIF-1α)-mediated gene transfer or chetomin decreased lung HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and VEGF expression and led to air space enlargement and arrested lung vascular growth. In experimental O2-induced arrested alveolar growth in newborn rats, the characteristic features of air space enlargement and loss of lung capillaries were associated with decreased lung HIF-1α and HIF-2α expression. Intratracheal administration of Ad.HIF-1α restored HIF-1α, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, VEGF, VEGFR2, and Tie2 expression and preserved and rescued alveolar growth and lung capillary formation in this model. HIFs promote normal alveolar development and may be useful targets for alveolar regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arul Vadivel
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, School of Human Development, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
192
|
Papamatheakis DG, Blood AB, Kim JH, Wilson SM. Antenatal hypoxia and pulmonary vascular function and remodeling. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2014; 11:616-40. [PMID: 24063380 DOI: 10.2174/1570161111311050006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This review provides evidence that antenatal hypoxia, which represents a significant and worldwide problem, causes prenatal programming of the lung. A general overview of lung development is provided along with some background regarding transcriptional and signaling systems of the lung. The review illustrates that antenatal hypoxic stress can induce a continuum of responses depending on the species examined. Fetuses and newborns of certain species and specific human populations are well acclimated to antenatal hypoxia. However, antenatal hypoxia causes pulmonary vascular disease in fetuses and newborns of most mammalian species and humans. Disease can range from mild pulmonary hypertension, to severe vascular remodeling and dangerous elevations in pressure. The timing, length, and magnitude of the intrauterine hypoxic stress are important to disease development, however there is also a genetic-environmental relationship that is not yet completely understood. Determining the origins of pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension and their associated effects is a challenging task, but is necessary in order to develop targeted therapies for pulmonary hypertension in the newborn due to antenatal hypoxia that can both treat the symptoms and curtail or reverse disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Demosthenes G Papamatheakis
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11234 Anderson Street, Loma Linda, 92350 CA, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
193
|
Zhang B, Niu W, Xu D, Li Y, Liu M, Wang Y, Luo Y, Zhao P, Liu Y, Dong M, Sun R, Dong H, Li Z. Oxymatrine prevents hypoxia- and monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 69:198-207. [PMID: 24440469 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a progressive disease characterized by marked pulmonary arterial remodeling and increased vascular resistance. Inflammation and oxidative stress promote the development of pulmonary hypertension. Oxymatrine, one of the main active components of the Chinese herb Sophora flavescens Ait. (Kushen), plays anti-inflammatory and antioxidant protective roles, which effects on pulmonary arteries remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of oxymatrine on pulmonary hypertension development. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to hypoxia for 28 days or injected with monocrotaline, to develop pulmonary hypertension, along with administration of oxymatrine (50mg/kg/day). Hemodynamics and pulmonary arterial remodeling data from the rats were then obtained. The antiproliferative effect of oxymatrine was verified by in vitro assays. The inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels and leukocyte and T cell accumulation in lung tissue were detected. The antioxidative effects of oxymatrine were explored in vitro. Our study shows that oxymatrine treatment attenuated right-ventricular systolic pressure and pulmonary arterial remodeling induced by hypoxia or monocrotaline and inhibited proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Increased expression of inflammatory cytokine mRNA and accumulation of leukocytes and T cells around the pulmonary arteries were suppressed with oxymatrine administration. Under hypoxic conditions, oxymatrine significantly upregulated Nrf2 and antioxidant protein SOD1 and HO-1 expression, but downregulated hydroperoxide levels in PASMCs. In summary, this study indicates that oxymatrine may prevent pulmonary hypertension through its antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, thus providing a promising pharmacological avenue for treating pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen Niu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Dunquan Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Manling Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengtao Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqing Dong
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Rihe Sun
- Xi'an YiLe Bio-Tech Laboratory, Xi'an 710075, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiying Dong
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhichao Li
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
194
|
Lottes RG, Newton DA, Spyropoulos DD, Baatz JE. Alveolar type II cells maintain bioenergetic homeostasis in hypoxia through metabolic and molecular adaptation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 306:L947-55. [PMID: 24682450 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00298.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many lung diseases are associated with hypoxia, alveolar type II epithelial (ATII) cell impairment, and pulmonary surfactant dysfunction, the effects of O(2) limitation on metabolic pathways necessary to maintain cellular energy in ATII cells have not been studied extensively. This report presents results of targeted assays aimed at identifying specific metabolic processes that contribute to energy homeostasis using primary ATII cells and a model ATII cell line, mouse lung epithelial 15 (MLE-15), cultured in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. MLEs cultured in normoxia demonstrated a robust O(2) consumption rate (OCR) coupled to ATP generation and limited extracellular lactate production, indicating reliance on oxidative phosphorylation for ATP production. Pharmacological uncoupling of respiration increased OCR in normoxic cultures to 175% of basal levels, indicating significant spare respiratory capacity. However, when exposed to hypoxia for 20 h, basal O(2) consumption fell to 60% of normoxic rates, and cells maintained only ∼50% of normoxic spare respiratory capacity, indicating suppression of mitochondrial function, although intracellular ATP levels remained at near normoxic levels. Moreover, while hypoxic exposure stimulated glycogen synthesis and storage in MLE-15, glycolytic rate (as measured by lactate generation) was not significantly increased in the cells, despite enhanced expression of several enzymes related to glycolysis. These results were largely recapitulated in murine primary ATII, demonstrating MLE-15 suitability for modeling ATII metabolism. The ability of ATII cells to maintain ATP levels in hypoxia without enhancing glycolysis suggests that these cells are exceptionally efficient at conserving ATP to maintain bioenergetic homeostasis under O(2) limitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn G Lottes
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolia; and
| | - Danforth A Newton
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolia; and
| | - Demetri D Spyropoulos
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolia
| | - John E Baatz
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolia; and
| |
Collapse
|
195
|
Tuder RM, Archer SL, Dorfmüller P, Erzurum SC, Guignabert C, Michelakis E, Rabinovitch M, Schermuly R, Stenmark KR, Morrell NW. Relevant issues in the pathology and pathobiology of pulmonary hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 62:D4-12. [PMID: 24355640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of the pathobiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH) continues to accelerate. However, fundamental gaps remain in our understanding of the underlying pathological changes in pulmonary arteries and veins in the different forms of this syndrome. Although PH primarily affects the arteries, venous disease is increasingly recognized as an important entity. Moreover, prognosis in PH is determined largely by the status of the right ventricle, rather than the levels of pulmonary artery pressures. It is increasingly clear that although vasospasm plays a role, PH is an obstructive lung panvasculopathy. Disordered metabolism and mitochondrial structure, inflammation, and dysregulation of growth factors lead to a proliferative, apoptosis-resistant state. These abnormalities may be acquired, genetically mediated as a result of mutations in bone morphogenetic protein receptor-2 or activin-like kinase-1, or epigenetically inherited (as a result of epigenetic silencing of genes such as superoxide dismutase-2). There is a pressing need to better understand how the pathobiology leads to severe disease in some patients versus mild PH in others. Recent recognition of a potential role of acquired abnormalities of mitochondrial metabolism in the right ventricular myocytes and pulmonary vascular cells suggests new therapeutic approaches, diagnostic modalities, and biomarkers. Finally, dissection of the role of pulmonary inflammation in the initiation and promotion of PH has revealed a complex yet fascinating interplay with pulmonary vascular remodeling, promising to lead to novel therapeutics and diagnostics. Emerging concepts are also relevant to the pathobiology of PH, including a role for bone marrow and circulating progenitor cells and microribonucleic acids. Continued interest in the interface of the genetic basis of PH and cellular and molecular pathogenetic links should further expand our understanding of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubin M Tuder
- Program in Translational Lung Research, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Dorfmüller
- Department of Pathology, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, University Paris-Sud, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Serpil C Erzurum
- Lerner Research Institute and Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- INSERM UMR 999, LabEx LERMIT, Marie Lannelongue Hospital and University Paris-Sud, School of Medicine, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Marlene Rabinovitch
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Pediatrics and The Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Ralph Schermuly
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, German Lung Center, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Kurt R Stenmark
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Nicholas W Morrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
196
|
Zhang X, Zhang W, Ma SF, Desai AA, Saraf S, Miasniakova G, Sergueeva A, Ammosova T, Xu M, Nekhai S, Abbasi T, Casanova NG, Steinberg MH, Baldwin CT, Sebastiani P, Prchal JT, Kittles R, Garcia JGN, Machado RF, Gordeuk VR. Hypoxic response contributes to altered gene expression and precapillary pulmonary hypertension in patients with sickle cell disease. Circulation 2014; 129:1650-8. [PMID: 24515990 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.005296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We postulated that the hypoxic response in sickle cell disease (SCD) contributes to altered gene expression and pulmonary hypertension, a complication associated with early mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS To identify genes regulated by the hypoxic response and not other effects of chronic anemia, we compared expression variation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 13 subjects with SCD with hemoglobin SS genotype and 15 subjects with Chuvash polycythemia (VHL(R200W) homozygotes with constitutive upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factors in the absence of anemia or hypoxia). At a 5% false discovery rate, 1040 genes exhibited >1.15-fold change in both conditions; 297 were upregulated and 743 downregulated including MAPK8 encoding a mitogen-activated protein kinase important for apoptosis, T-cell differentiation, and inflammatory responses. Association mapping with a focus on local regulatory polymorphisms in 61 patients with SCD identified expression quantitative trait loci for 103 of these hypoxia response genes. In a University of Illinois SCD cohort, the A allele of a MAPK8 expression quantitative trait locus, rs10857560, was associated with precapillary pulmonary hypertension defined as mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥25 mm Hg and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ≤15 mm Hg at right heart catheterization (allele frequency, 0.66; odds ratio, 13.8; n=238). This association was confirmed in an independent Walk-Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension and Sickle Cell Disease With Sildenafil Therapy cohort (allele frequency, 0.65; odds ratio, 11.3; n=519). The homozygous AA genotype of rs10857560 was associated with decreased MAPK8 expression and present in all 14 of the identified precapillary pulmonary hypertension cases among the combined 757 patients. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates a prominent hypoxic transcription component in SCD and a MAPK8 expression quantitative trait locus associated with precapillary pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Section of Hematology/Oncology (X.Z., S.S., V.R.G.), Section of Cardiology (A.A.D.), and Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine (J.G.N.G., R.F.M.), Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics (W.Z., R.K.), Department of Pediatrics (W.Z.), and Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine (A.A.D., T.A., N.G.C., J.G.N.G., R.F.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL (S-F.M.); Chuvash Republic Clinical Hospital 2, Cheboksary, Russia (G.M.); Cheboksary Children's Hospital, Cheboksary, Russia (A.S.); Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Howard University, Washington, DC (T.A., M.X., S.N.); Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (M.H.S., C.T.B.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (P.S.); Hematology Division, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (J.T.P.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
197
|
Iannitti RG, Casagrande A, De Luca A, Cunha C, Sorci G, Riuzzi F, Borghi M, Galosi C, Massi-Benedetti C, Oury TD, Cariani L, Russo M, Porcaro L, Colombo C, Majo F, Lucidi V, Fiscarelli E, Ricciotti G, Lass-Flörl C, Ratclif L, Esposito A, De Benedictis FM, Donato R, Carvalho A, Romani L. Hypoxia promotes danger-mediated inflammation via receptor for advanced glycation end products in cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 188:1338-50. [PMID: 24127697 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201305-0986oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Hypoxia regulates the inflammatory-antiinflammatory balance by the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), a versatile sensor of damage-associated molecular patterns. The multiligand nature of RAGE places this receptor in the midst of chronic inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVES To characterize the impact of the hypoxia-RAGE pathway on pathogenic airway inflammation preventing effective pathogen clearance in cystic fibrosis (CF) and elucidate the potential role of this danger signal in pathogenesis and therapy of lung inflammation. METHODS We used in vivo and in vitro models to study the impact of hypoxia on RAGE expression and activity in human and murine CF, the nature of the RAGE ligand, and the impact of RAGE on lung inflammation and antimicrobial resistance in fungal and bacterial pneumonia. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Sustained expression of RAGE and its ligand S100B was observed in murine lung and human epithelial cells and exerted a proximal role in promoting inflammation in murine and human CF, as revealed by functional studies and analysis of the genetic variability of AGER in patients with CF. Both hypoxia and infections contributed to the sustained activation of the S100B-RAGE pathway, being RAGE up-regulated by hypoxia and S100B by infection by Toll-like receptors. Inhibiting the RAGE pathway in vivo with soluble (s) RAGE reduced pathogen load and inflammation in experimental CF, whereas sRAGE production was defective in patients with CF. CONCLUSIONS A causal link between hyperactivation of RAGE and inflammation in CF has been observed, such that targeting pathogenic inflammation alleviated inflammation in CF and measurement of sRAGE levels could be a useful biomarker for RAGE-dependent inflammation in patients with CF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rossana G Iannitti
- 1 Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
198
|
Leithner K, Wohlkoenig C, Stacher E, Lindenmann J, Hofmann NA, Gallé B, Guelly C, Quehenberger F, Stiegler P, Smolle-Jüttner FM, Philipsen S, Popper HH, Hrzenjak A, Olschewski A, Olschewski H. Hypoxia increases membrane metallo-endopeptidase expression in a novel lung cancer ex vivo model - role of tumor stroma cells. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:40. [PMID: 24460801 PMCID: PMC3905926 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia-induced genes are potential targets in cancer therapy. Responses to hypoxia have been extensively studied in vitro, however, they may differ in vivo due to the specific tumor microenvironment. In this study gene expression profiles were obtained from fresh human lung cancer tissue fragments cultured ex vivo under different oxygen concentrations in order to study responses to hypoxia in a model that mimics human lung cancer in vivo. Methods Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) fragments from altogether 70 patients were maintained ex vivo in normoxia or hypoxia in short-term culture. Viability, apoptosis rates and tissue hypoxia were assessed. Gene expression profiles were studied using Affymetrix GeneChip 1.0 ST microarrays. Results Apoptosis rates were comparable in normoxia and hypoxia despite different oxygenation levels, suggesting adaptation of tumor cells to hypoxia. Gene expression profiles in hypoxic compared to normoxic fragments largely overlapped with published hypoxia-signatures. While most of these genes were up-regulated by hypoxia also in NSCLC cell lines, membrane metallo-endopeptidase (MME, neprilysin, CD10) expression was not increased in hypoxia in NSCLC cell lines, but in carcinoma-associated fibroblasts isolated from non-small cell lung cancers. High MME expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival in 342 NSCLC patients in a meta-analysis of published microarray datasets. Conclusions The novel ex vivo model allowed for the first time to analyze hypoxia-regulated gene expression in preserved human lung cancer tissue. Gene expression profiles in human hypoxic lung cancer tissue overlapped with hypoxia-signatures from cancer cell lines, however, the elastase MME was identified as a novel hypoxia-induced gene in lung cancer. Due to the lack of hypoxia effects on MME expression in NSCLC cell lines in contrast to carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, a direct up-regulation of stroma fibroblast MME expression under hypoxia might contribute to enhanced aggressiveness of hypoxic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Horst Olschewski
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 20, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
199
|
McGuire JK. Hypoxia, Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products, and Cystic Fibrosis: A Pathway to Chronic Inflammation? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 188:1280-1. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201310-1908ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
200
|
Llapur CJ, Martínez MR, Caram MM, Bonilla F, Cabana C, Yu Z, Tepper RS. Increased lung volume in infants and toddlers at high compared to low altitude. Pediatr Pulmonol 2013; 48:1224-30. [PMID: 23401418 PMCID: PMC4304408 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.22764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Children and adults residing at high altitude (HA) compared to low altitude (LA) have larger lung volumes; however, it is unknown whether this response to chronic hypoxia begins early in life. Our objective was to determine whether infants and toddlers at HA have larger lung volumes compared to infants and toddlers at LA. Oxygen saturation (SaO2 ), functional residual capacity (FRC), as well as serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin (EPO) were measured in infants and toddlers from HA (N = 50; 3,440 m) and LA (N = 35; 440 m). There were no significant differences in somatic size for HA and LA subjects; however, HA subjects had significantly lower SaO2 (88.5% vs. 96.7%; P < 0.0001). Subjects at HA had significantly greater FRC compared to subjects at LA (group mean: 209 and 157 ml; P < 0.0001), adjusting for body length. Male infants at HA had a significantly greater FRC compared to males at LA (57 ml; P-value < 0.001); however, the increase in FRC for females at HA compared to LA was not significant (20 ml; P-value = 0.101). VEGF and EPO were significantly higher for subjects at HA compared to LA with no gender differences. In summary, infants and toddlers at HA have lower oxygen saturations, higher serum levels of VEGF and EPO, and higher FRC compared to subjects at LA; however, chronic hypoxia appears to generate a more robust response in lung growth in male compared to female infants early in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conrado J Llapur
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital del Niño Jesús, Tucumán, Argentina; Cátedra de Metodología de la Investigación, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|