151
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Ho V, Pelland-St-Pierre L, Gravel S, Bouchard MF, Verner MA, Labrèche F. Endocrine disruptors: Challenges and future directions in epidemiologic research. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111969. [PMID: 34461123 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Public concern about the impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on both humans and the environment is growing steadily. Epidemiologic research provides key information towards our understanding of the relationship between environmental exposures like EDCs and human health outcomes. Intended for researchers in disciplines complementary to epidemiology, this paper highlights the importance and challenges of epidemiologic research in order to present the key elements pertaining to the design and interpretation of an epidemiologic study on EDCs. The conduct of observational studies on EDCs derives from a thoughtful research question, which will help determine the subsequent methodological choices surrounding the careful selection of the study population (including the comparison group), the adequate ascertainment of exposure(s) and outcome(s) of interest, and the application of methodological and statistical concepts more specific to epidemiology. The interpretation of epidemiologic results may be arduous due to the latency occurring between EDC exposure and certain outcome(s), the complexity in capturing EDC exposure(s), and traditional methodological and statistical issues that also deserve consideration (e.g., confounding, effect modification, non-monotonic responses). Moving forward, we strongly advocate for an integrative approach of expertise in the fields of epidemiology, exposure science, risk assessment and toxicology to adequately study the health risks associated with EDCs while tackling their challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ho
- Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - L Pelland-St-Pierre
- Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal and CIUSSS Centre-Sud, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - S Gravel
- . Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M F Bouchard
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; CHU Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M-A Verner
- Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal and CIUSSS Centre-Sud, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - F Labrèche
- Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal and CIUSSS Centre-Sud, Montréal, Québec, Canada; . Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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152
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Park J, Lee JJ, Park S, Lee H, Nam S, Lee S, Lee H. Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Premenstrual Syndrome in Female College Students in East Asia: A Multi-Country Study. Int J Womens Health 2022; 14:167-177. [PMID: 35173491 PMCID: PMC8842637 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s349172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the severity of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and to examine associated factors with PMS among East Asian female college students with regard to endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC). PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was a cross-sectional design. An online survey was completed by 520 female college students in Hong Kong and Korea. The structured questionnaire included items measuring knowledge of EDCs, actions taken and willingness to minimize exposure to EDCs, interest in EDCs, prior education on EDCs, life stress, severity of PMS, and general and health-related characteristics. Multiple logistic regressions were performed. RESULTS The prevalence of severe PMS among the participants was 54.6%. Factors associated with severe PMS included a self-reported heavy menstrual flow, underweight, obesity, interpersonal relationship stress, actions taken to minimize exposure to EDCs, and interest in EDCs. CONCLUSION This study provided the evidence of a negative association between severe PMS and the actions taken to minimize exposure to EDCs. To alleviate symptoms of PMS among young female adults, practical interventions, such as education to overcome barriers to preventing exposure to EDCs, are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongok Park
- College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Jae Lee
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - SoMi Park
- Department of Nursing, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Hyeonkyeong Lee
- College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sujin Nam
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sejeong Lee
- College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyojin Lee
- College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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153
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Lane MKM, Garedew M, Deary EC, Coleman CN, Ahrens-Víquez MM, Erythropel HC, Zimmerman JB, Anastas PT. What to Expect When Expecting in Lab: A Review of Unique Risks and Resources for Pregnant Researchers in the Chemical Laboratory. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:163-198. [PMID: 35130693 PMCID: PMC8864617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Pregnancy presents a unique risk
to chemical researchers due to
their occupational exposures to chemical, equipment, and physical
hazards in chemical research laboratories across science, engineering,
and technology disciplines. Understanding “risk” as
a function of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, this review aims
to critically examine the state of the science for the risks and associated
recommendations (or lack thereof) for pregnant researchers in chemical
laboratories (labs). Commonly encountered hazards for pregnant lab
workers include chemical hazards (organic solvents, heavy metals,
engineered nanomaterials, and endocrine disruptors), radiation hazards
(ionizing radiation producing equipment and materials and nonionizing
radiation producing equipment), and other hazards related to the lab
environment (excessive noise, excessive heat, psychosocial stress,
strenuous physical work, and/or abnormal working hours). Lab relevant
doses and routes of exposure in the chemical lab environment along
with literature and governmental recommendations or resources for
exposure mitigation are critically assessed. The specific windows
of vulnerability based on stage of pregnancy are described for each
hazard, if available. Finally, policy gaps for further scientific
research are detailed to enhance future guidance to protect pregnant
lab workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Kate M Lane
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.,Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Mahlet Garedew
- Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.,School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Emma C Deary
- Department of Anthropology, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts 02481, United States
| | - Cherish N Coleman
- Department of Biology, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, Michigan 48221, United States
| | - Melissa M Ahrens-Víquez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Hanno C Erythropel
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.,Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Julie B Zimmerman
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.,Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.,School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Paul T Anastas
- Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.,School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.,School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
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154
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Sun M, Cao X, Wu Y, Shen L, Wei G. Prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and thyroid function in neonates: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 231:113215. [PMID: 35065506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone homeostasis is essential for normal brain development in fetuses and infants. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during pregnancy is associated with compromised maternal thyroid homeostasis, and thus may lead to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in newborns. However, evidence regarding the association of prenatal EDC exposure and thyroid hormones in newborns is controversial. Therefore, a meta-analysis to elucidate the relationship between maternal exposure to EDCs and neonatal THs was performed. A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) for relevant published studies that provided quantitative data on the association between prenatal EDC exposure and neonatal thyroid hormones was conducted in August 2021. To calculate the overall estimates, we pooled the adjusted β regression coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from each study by the inverse variance method. The pooling results indicated that prenatal EDC exposure had no significant influence on neonatal TSH, TT3, FT3, TT4 or FT4 level in the global assessment. However, in the specific exposure and outcome assessment, we found that prenatal exposure to organochlorine (β coefficient, -0.022; 95% CI, -0.04 to -0.003) and PFAS (β coefficient, -0.017; 95% CI, -0.033 to 0) was negatively associated with neonatal TT4 level. In conclusion, prenatal exposure to organochlorine and PFAS may be associated with lower neonatal TT4 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mang Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xining Cao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China.
| | - Lianju Shen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China.
| | - Guanghui Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
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155
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Zhang H, Li J, An Y, Wang D, Zhao J, Zhan M, Xu W, Lu L, Gao Y. Concentrations of bisphenols, benzophenone-type ultraviolet filters, triclosan, and triclocarban in the paired urine and blood samples from young adults: Partitioning between urine and blood. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132563. [PMID: 34653480 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenols (BPs), benzophenone-type UV filters (BP-type UV filters), triclosan (TCS), and triclocarban (TCC) are endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and commonly used in consumer and personal care products. In the present study, seven BPs, eight BP-type UV filters, TCS, and TCC were quantified in 196 paired urine and blood samples collected from young adults in South China. Benzophenone-7 and benzophenone-9 were not detected in all samples, while other target compounds were widely detected in 39%-96% of the urine and 14%-96% of the blood samples, and the median concentrations ranged from <0.02 (specific gravity adjusted: < 0.02) to 2.33 (2.05) ng/mL and <0.01-2.66 ng/mL in the urine and blood samples, respectively. Females had higher levels of most target analytes, and gender-related differences (p < 0.05) were found in the blood levels of benzophenone-2 (females vs. males: 0.84 vs. <0.01 ng/mL), ΣBP (sum of BP-type UV filters; 1.61 vs. 0.98 ng/mL), TCS (3.89 vs. 1.69 ng/mL), and ΣTC (sum of TCS and TCC; 5.77 vs. 3.02 ng/mL). We calculated the portioning of the target compounds between blood and urine (B/U ratios). The B/U ratios of bisphenol F, benzophenone-2, benzophenone-6, 4-hydroxy benzophenone, TCS, and TCC were higher than 1, showing that these analytes have higher enrichment capacities in human blood. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to simultaneously analyze the concentrations of BPs, BP-type UV filters, TCS, and TCC in the paired urine and blood samples of young adults in South China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, PR China; The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Jingxia Li
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yulin An
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Desheng Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Jianfu Zhao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Weiguo Xu
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Ligong Lu
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Yunfei Gao
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, PR China; The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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156
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Corti M, Lorenzetti S, Ubaldi A, Zilli R, Marcoccia D. Endocrine Disruptors and Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1216. [PMID: 35163140 PMCID: PMC8835300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of endocrine disruptors (EDs) in the human prostate gland is an overlooked issue even though the prostate is essential for male fertility. From experimental models, it is known that EDs can influence several molecular mechanisms involved in prostate homeostasis and diseases, including prostate cancer (PCa), one of the most common cancers in the male, whose onset and progression is characterized by the deregulation of several cellular pathways including androgen receptor (AR) signaling. The prostate gland essentiality relies on its function to produce and secrete the prostatic fluid, a component of the seminal fluid, needed to keep alive and functional sperms upon ejaculation. In physiological condition, in the prostate epithelium the more-active androgen, the 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), formed from testosterone (T) by the 5α-reductase enzyme (SRD5A), binds to AR and, upon homodimerization and nuclear translocation, recognizes the promoter of target genes modulating them. In pathological conditions, AR mutations and/or less specific AR binding by ligands modulate differently targeted genes leading to an altered regulation of cell proliferation and triggering PCa onset and development. EDs acting on the AR-dependent signaling within the prostate gland can contribute to the PCa onset and to exacerbating its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Corti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (A.U.); (R.Z.)
| | - Stefano Lorenzetti
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Ubaldi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (A.U.); (R.Z.)
| | - Romano Zilli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (A.U.); (R.Z.)
| | - Daniele Marcoccia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (A.U.); (R.Z.)
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157
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Transgenerational Effects of Prenatal Endocrine Disruption on Reproductive and Sociosexual Behaviors in Sprague Dawley Male and Female Rats. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10020047. [PMID: 35202233 PMCID: PMC8875130 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) lead to endocrine and neurobehavioral changes, particularly due to developmental exposures during gestation and early life. Moreover, intergenerational and transgenerational phenotypic changes may be induced by germline exposure (F2) and epigenetic germline transmission (F3) generation, respectively. Here, we assessed reproductive and sociosexual behavioral outcomes of prenatal Aroclor 1221 (A1221), a lightly chlorinated mix of PCBs known to have weakly estrogenic mechanisms of action; estradiol benzoate (EB), a positive control; or vehicle (3% DMSO in sesame oil) in F1-, F2-, and F3-generation male and female rats. Treatment with EDCs was given on embryonic day (E) 16 and 18, and F1 offspring monitored for development and adult behavior. F2 offspring were generated by breeding with untreated rats, phenotyping of F2s was performed in adulthood, and the F3 generation were similarly produced and phenotyped. Although no effects of treatment were found on F1 or F3 development and physiology, in the F2 generation, body weight in males and uterine weight in females were increased by A1221. Mating behavior results in F1 and F2 generations showed that F1 A1221 females had a longer latency to lordosis. In males, the F2 generation showed decreased mount frequency in the EB group. In the F3 generation, numbers of ultrasonic vocalizations were decreased by EB in males, and by EB and A1221 when the sexes were combined. Finally, partner preference tests in the F3 generation revealed that naïve females preferred F3-EB over untreated males, and that naïve males preferred untreated over F3-EB or F3-A1221 males. As a whole, these results show that each generation has a unique, sex-specific behavioral phenotype due to direct or ancestral EDC exposure.
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158
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Chen M, He C, Zhu K, Chen Z, Meng Z, Jiang X, Cai J, Yang C, Zuo Z. Resveratrol ameliorates polycystic ovary syndrome via transzonal projections within oocyte-granulosa cell communication. Theranostics 2022; 12:782-795. [PMID: 34976213 PMCID: PMC8692920 DOI: 10.7150/thno.67167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is closely linked to follicular dysplasia and impaired bidirectional oocyte-granulosa cell (GC) communication. Given that PCOS is a heterogeneous, multifactorial endocrine disorder, it is important to clarify the pathophysiology of this ovarian disease and identify a specific treatment. Methods: We generated PCOS rat models based on neonatal tributyltin (TBT) exposure and studied the therapeutic effect and mechanism of resveratrol (RSV), a natural plant polyphenol. Transcriptome analysis was conducted to screen the significantly changed pathways, and a series of experiments, such as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot and phalloidin staining, were performed in rat ovaries. We also observed similar changes in human PCOS samples using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database analysis and quantitative real-time PCR. Results: We first found that injury to transzonal projections (TZPs), which are specialized filopodia that mediate oocyte-GC communication in follicles, may play an important role in the etiology of PCOS. We successfully established PCOS rat models using TBT and found that overexpressed calcium-/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta (CaMKIIβ) inhibited TZP assembly. In addition, TZP disruption and CAMK2B upregulation were also observed in samples from PCOS patients. Moreover, we demonstrated that RSV potently ameliorated ovarian failure and estrus cycle disorder through TZP recovery via increased cytoplasmic calcium levels and excessive phosphorylation of CaMKIIβ. Conclusions: Our data indicated that upregulation of CaMKIIβ may play a critical role in regulating TZP assembly and may be involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS associated with ovarian dysfunction. Investigation of TZPs and RSV as potent CaMKIIβ activators provides new insight and a therapeutic target for PCOS, which is helpful for improving female reproduction.
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159
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Poutasse CM, Haddock CK, Poston WSC, Jahnke SA, Tidwell LG, Bonner EM, Hoffman PD, Anderson KA. Firefighter exposures to potential endocrine disrupting chemicals measured by military-style silicone dog tags. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106914. [PMID: 34649051 PMCID: PMC8757287 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Studies suggest that exposure to potential endocrine disrupting chemicals (pEDCs) may contribute to adverse health outcomes, but pEDC exposures among firefighters have not been fully characterized. Previously, we demonstrated the military-style silicone dog tag as a personal passive sampling device for assessing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposures among structural firefighters. This follow-up analysis examined the pEDC exposures based on department call volume, duty shift, and questionnaire variables. Structural firefighters (n = 56) were from one high and one low fire call volume department (Kansas City, MO metropolitan area) and wore separate dog tags while on- and off-duty (ndogtags = 110). The targeted 1530 analyte semi-quantitative screening method was conducted using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (npEDCs = 433). A total of 47 pEDCs were detected, and several less-frequently-detected pEDCs (<75%) were more commonly detected in off- compared to on-duty dog tags (conditional logistic regression). Of the 11 phthalates and fragrances detected most frequently (>75%), off-duty pEDC concentrations were strongly correlated (r = 0.31-0.82, p < 0.05), suggesting co-applications of phthalates and fragrances in consumer products. Questionnaire variables of "regular use of conventional cleaning products" and "fireplace in the home" were associated with select elevated pEDC concentrations by duty shift (paired t-test). This suggested researchers should include detailed questions about consumer product use and home environment when examining personal pEDC exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Poutasse
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Christopher K Haddock
- Center for Fire, Rescue, and EMS Health Research, NDRI-USA, Leawood, KS 66224, United States
| | - Walker S C Poston
- Center for Fire, Rescue, and EMS Health Research, NDRI-USA, Leawood, KS 66224, United States
| | - Sara A Jahnke
- Center for Fire, Rescue, and EMS Health Research, NDRI-USA, Leawood, KS 66224, United States
| | - Lane G Tidwell
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Emily M Bonner
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Peter D Hoffman
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Kim A Anderson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
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160
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Marí-Bauset S, Peraita-Costa I, Donat-Vargas C, Llopis-González A, Marí-Sanchis A, Llopis-Morales J, Morales Suárez-Varela M. Systematic review of prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and autism spectrum disorder in offspring. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2022; 26:6-32. [PMID: 34412519 DOI: 10.1177/13623613211039950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Autism spectrum disorders comprise a complex group with many subtypes of behaviorally defined neurodevelopmental abnormalities in two core areas: deficits in social communication and fixated, restricted, repetitive, or stereotyped behaviors and interests each with potential unique risk factors and characteristics. The underlying mechanisms and the possible causes of autism spectrum disorder remain elusive and while increased prevalence is undoubtable, it is unclear if it is a reflection of diagnostic improvement or emerging risk factors such as endocrine disrupting chemicals. Epidemiological studies, which are used to study the relation between endocrine disrupting chemicals and autism spectrum disorder, can have inherent methodological challenges that limit the quality and strength of their findings. The objective of this work is to systematically review the treatment of these challenges and assess the quality and strength of the findings in the currently available literature. The overall quality and strength were "moderate" and "limited," respectively. Risk of bias due to the exclusion of potential confounding factors and the lack of accuracy of exposure assessment methods were the most prevalent. The omnipresence of endocrine disrupting chemicals and the biological plausibility of the association between prenatal exposure and later development of autism spectrum disorder highlight the need to carry out well-designed epidemiological studies that overcome the methodological challenges observed in the currently available literature in order to be able to inform public policy to prevent exposure to these potentially harmful chemicals and aid in the establishment of predictor variables to facilitate early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and improve long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Marí-Bauset
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Peraita-Costa
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain
| | | | - Agustín Llopis-González
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain
| | | | - Juan Llopis-Morales
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - María Morales Suárez-Varela
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain
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161
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Reilly MP, Kunkel MN, Thompson LM, Zentay A, Weeks CD, Crews D, Cormack LK, Gore AC. Effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on hypothalamic oxytocin and vasopressin systems. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 337:75-87. [PMID: 34018699 PMCID: PMC8606018 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) perturb hormonal systems. EDCs are particularly problematic when exposure happens in the fetus and infant due to the high sensitivity of developing organisms to hormone actions. Previous work has shown that prenatal polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure disrupts hypothalamic development, reproductive physiology, mate preference behavior, and social behaviors in a sexually dimorphic manner. Based on evidence that EDCs perturb social behaviors in rodents, we examined effects of PCBs on the neuropeptides oxytocin (OXT) and vasopressin (AVP) that are involved in regulating these behaviors. Rats were exposed prenatally (gestational days 16 and 18) to the weakly estrogenic PCB mixture Aroclor 1221 (0.5 or 1 mg/kg), to estradiol benzoate (EB, a positive control), or to the vehicle (3% dimethyl sulfoxide). In adult (~P90) brains, we counted immunolabeled oxytocin and vasopressin cell numbers in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus. EDCs did not change absolute numbers of oxytocin or vasopressin cells in either region, although there were some modest shifts in the rostral-caudal distribution. Second, expression of genes for these nonapeptides (Oxt, Avp), their receptors (Oxtr, Avpr1a), and the estrogen receptor beta (Esr2), was determined by qPCR. In the PVN, there were dose-dependent effects of PCBs in males (Oxt, Oxtr), and effects of EB in females (Avp, Esr2). In the SON, Oxt, and Esr2 were affected by treatments in males. These changes to protein and gene expression caused by prenatal treatments suggest that transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms play roles in mediating how EDCs reprogram hypothalamic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Reilly
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - M. Nicole Kunkel
- Department of Psychology The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Lindsay M. Thompson
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Andrew Zentay
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Connor D. Weeks
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - David Crews
- Department of Psychology The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,Department of Integrative Biology The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Lawrence K. Cormack
- Department of Psychology The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,Institute for Neuroscience; The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Andrea C. Gore
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,Department of Psychology The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,Institute for Neuroscience; The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,Corresponding author: Andrea C. Gore, PhD, , University of Texas at Austin Telephone: 512-471-3669, 107 W. Dean Keeton, C0875 Fax: 512-471-5002, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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162
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He H, Deng Y, Wan H, Shen N, Li J, Zeng Q, Chang J, Lu Q, Miao X, Tian J, Zhong R. Urinary bisphenol A and its interaction with CYP17A1 rs743572 are associated with breast cancer risk. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131880. [PMID: 34426286 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bisphenol A (BPA), a common endocrine disrupter, can be activated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolizing enzymes and might influence the development of breast cancer (BC). We hypothesized that BPA could interact with CYP genes, synergistically contributing to the BC risk. METHODS Urinary BPA was measured in a total of 302 newly diagnosed BC patients and 302 healthy controls by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. A set of seven CYP gene polymorphisms was genotyped by using the Sequenom MassARRAY system. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to assess the associations of BPA and BPA-SNP interaction with BC risk. RESULTS BC patients had a higher urinary BPA concentration than healthy individuals (P < 0.001). Each 1-unit increase in log-transformed urinary BPA was associated with a 54 % increased BC risk [95 % confidence interval (CI), 1.34-1.77, P < 0.001]. Individuals with the CYP19A1 rs1902580 GA + AA genotype showed a significantly higher BC risk than those with the GG genotype (OR = 1.45, 95 % CI, 1.01-2.09, P < 0.05). A significant BPA-CYP17A1 rs743572 interaction was found to be associated with a higher risk of BC (Pinteraction = 0.020). Compared with low-BPA individuals carrying CYP17A1 rs743572 GG genotypes, high-BPA individuals with the GA + AA genotype had a higher BC risk, with an odds ratio of 2.49 (95 % CI, 1.52-4.13, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The positive association of BPA exposure with BC risk might be modified by CYP17A1 rs743572, providing evidence for the interaction effect of environment-genes on the etiology of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Hao Wan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaoyuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiang Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianbo Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Rong Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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163
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van den Dries MA, Ferguson KK, Keil AP, Pronk A, Spaan S, Ghassabian A, Santos S, Jaddoe VWV, Trasande L, Tiemeier H, Guxens M. Prenatal Exposure to Nonpersistent Chemical Mixtures and Offspring IQ and Emotional and Behavioral Problems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:16502-16514. [PMID: 34878787 PMCID: PMC11148873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to nonpersistent chemicals such as phthalates, bisphenols, and organophosphate (OP) pesticides is ubiquitous and occurs in mixtures. So far, epidemiological studies investigating neurodevelopmental consequences of these exposures have mainly been restricted to single-pollutant models. Thus, we studied the association between prenatal exposure to nonpersistent chemical mixtures and child IQ and emotional and behavioral problems. Data came from 782 mother-child pairs. Eleven phthalate, one bisphenol, and five OP pesticide urinary exposure biomarkers were measured three times during pregnancy and averaged. Nonverbal IQ, internalizing and attention problems, aggressive behavior, and autistic traits were assessed at child age 6 years. We used quantile g-computation to estimate the change in each outcome per quartile increase in all chemicals within the mixture. Higher exposure to the mixture was associated with lower nonverbal IQ (-4.0 points (95%CI = -7.0, -1.0), -5.5 points (95%CI = -10.2, -0.9), and -4.6 points (95%CI = -10.8, 1.5) for the second, third, and fourth quartile, respectively, compared to the first quartile). These results were mainly driven by the phthalate mixture. No association was observed with emotional and behavioral problems. Prenatal exposure to nonpersistent chemical mixtures was associated with lower nonverbal IQ in children. Exposure to chemical mixtures during gestation is universal and may impact neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel A van den Dries
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Generation R Study Group, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, 08002, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Alexander P Keil
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill North Carolina 27516, United States
| | - Anjoeka Pronk
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Utrecht, 3584 CB, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Spaan
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Utrecht, 3584 CB, The Netherlands
| | - Akhgar Ghassabian
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York 10016, United States
| | - Susana Santos
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Generation R Study Group, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Generation R Study Group, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York 10016, United States
- New York University Wagner School of Public Service, New York City, New York 10012, United States
- New York University College of Global Public Health, New York City, New York 10003, United States
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, 08002, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, 28029, Spain
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164
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Haverinen E, Fernandez MF, Mustieles V, Tolonen H. Metabolic Syndrome and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: An Overview of Exposure and Health Effects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:13047. [PMID: 34948652 PMCID: PMC8701112 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is causing a significant health burden among the European population. Current knowledge supports the notion that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) interfere with human metabolism and hormonal balance, contributing to the conventionally recognized lifestyle-related MetS risk factors. This review aims to identify epidemiological studies focusing on the association between MetS or its individual components (e.g., obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension) and eight HBM4EU priority substances (bisphenol A (BPA), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), phthalates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides and heavy metals (cadmium, arsenic and mercury)). Thus far, human biomonitoring (HBM) studies have presented evidence supporting the role of EDC exposures on the development of individual MetS components. The strength of the association varies between the components and EDCs. Current evidence on metabolic disturbances and EDCs is still limited and heterogeneous, and mainly represent studies from North America and Asia, highlighting the need for well-conducted and harmonized HBM programmes among the European population. Rigorous and ongoing HBM in combination with health monitoring can help to identify the most concerning EDC exposures, to guide future risk assessment and policy actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsi Haverinen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), 00300 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Mariana F. Fernandez
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.F.); (V.M.)
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research and Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.F.); (V.M.)
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research and Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hanna Tolonen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), 00300 Helsinki, Finland;
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165
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Knaup T, Esser A, Schettgen T, Kraus T, Kaifie A. Which factors influence the frequency of participation in longitudinal cohort studies? - An analysis of demographics, social factors, and medical preconditions in participants of the health effects in high level exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (HELPcB) cohort. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:973-985. [PMID: 34369284 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1962465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The continuous drop out of participants in longitudinal studies is a trend that may be observed in nearly all fields of medical research. A reduced participation rate might compromise the power of statistical analysis as well as lead to an attrition bias of the study. The aim of this analysis was to identify influencing factors on participation frequency in the monitoring program Health Effects in High Level Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (HELPcB) study, a cohort investigation of occupationally polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) exposed individuals. The HELPcB study was initiated in 2010 and consisted of 7 study visits. At the last cross-section in 2019, less than one third of the included patients still actively participated. As possible influencing factors on study participation frequency, demographic, social, and medical characteristics of the participants were examined. In addition, a logistic regression model to predict study participation behavior was calculated. An overall higher frequency of participation was observed, if participants joined the program together with relatives or friends and had a higher age. For PCB plasma levels, an exceedance of the biological reference value (BAR) and further factors, such as (1) professional qualification, (2) later inclusion, (3) type of participant and (4) occupational-related disease notification, significant differences in the participation frequency were observed in the univariate analysis. Only age and joined study participation remained significant in the multivariate logistic regression. In conclusion, it was possible to identify several social and occupational-related factors that influence the frequency of participation of study attendees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Knaup
- Institute for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andre Esser
- Institute for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schettgen
- Institute for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Kraus
- Institute for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrea Kaifie
- Institute for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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166
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Gill S, Brehm E, Leon K, Chiu J, Meling DD, Flaws JA. Prenatal exposure to an environmentally relevant phthalate mixture alters ovarian steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis in the F1 generation of adult female mice. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 106:25-31. [PMID: 34597818 PMCID: PMC8643306 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phthalates are a family of chemicals that can be found in plastic and personal care products used by consumers every day and they are known endocrine disrupting chemicals that can disrupt female reproduction. In previous studies, an environmentally relevant phthalate mixture was shown to affect female reproduction in a transgenerational manner. However, limited information was available on the effect of phthalate mixtures on ovarian steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis. Ovarian steroidogenesis is important for producing hormones needed for reproduction and ovarian regulation, and folliculogenesis is essential for the development of ovarian follicles and successful fertility. Thus, this study tested the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to an environmentally relevant phthalate mixture adversely affects ovarian steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis in the F1 generation of adult female mice. Pregnant dams (F0 generation) were orally dosed with vehicle control or a phthalate mixture (20 μg/kg/day-500 mg/kg/day) daily from gestational day 10 to birth, and the adult F1 females were the offspring of the dosed dams. The ovaries of the F1 generation were collected at postnatal day 60. One ovary was used for histological examination of the numbers and percent of different follicle types. The other ovary was used to measure expression of theca and granulosa cell enzymes. Additionally, sera were collected for measuring hormone levels. The results indicate that prenatal exposure to the phthalate mixture decreases hormone levels and gene expression, alters the transitioning of follicle types, and leads to a higher incidence of atresia in the F1 generation offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gill
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Emily Brehm
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Kathleen Leon
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Justin Chiu
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Daryl D Meling
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.
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Jia X, Zhang L, Zhao J, Ren M, Li Z, Wang J, Wang S, Liu Y, An H, Li Y, Yan L, Li Z, Liu X, Pan B, Ye R. Associations between endocrine-disrupting heavy metals in maternal hair and gestational diabetes mellitus: A nested case-control study in China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106770. [PMID: 34314978 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors (EDCs) may lead to abnormal glucose metabolism and, potentially, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). OBJECTIVE We investigated the association between five endocrine-disrupting heavy metals (EDHMs), i.e., arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and tin (Sn), in maternal hair and the risk of GDM. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study including 335 GDM cases and 343 controls without GDM based on a prospective birth cohort established in Beijing, China. Concentrations of EDHMs were analyzed in maternal hair. Log-binomial regression and multiple linear regression were used to estimate the associations between the hair concentrations of single metals and the risk of GDM, while weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression for their mixed effects. RESULTS The median concentrations of Hg (0.442 vs. 0.403 μg/g) and Sn (0.171 vs. 0.140 μg/g) in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group. No differences were found between the two groups for the other three metals. After adjusting for confounders, the prevalence ratio (PR; highest vs. lowest tertile) of GDM risk for Hg was 1.27 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.54), while that for Sn was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.04-1.53). Among women with a body mass index < 24 kg/m2, the PR (highest vs. lowest tertile) of GDM for Sn was 1.38 (95% CI: 1.09-1.75). The effect of exposure to the five EDHMs on the risk of GDM was estimated by WQS regression: Sn and Hg made the largest contributions to the WQS index (40.9% and 40.3%, respectively). CONCLUSION High maternal levels of EDHMs, particularly Sn and Hg, may promote the development of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Jia
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Le Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650051, PR China
| | - Mengyuan Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Zewu Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jiamei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haidian Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haidian Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Hang An
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yuhuan Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Lailai Yan
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haidian Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Beijing 100101, PR China.
| | - Bo Pan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650051, PR China.
| | - Rongwei Ye
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
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168
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Chamorro-García R, Poupin N, Tremblay-Franco M, Canlet C, Egusquiza R, Gautier R, Jouanin I, Shoucri BM, Blumberg B, Zalko D. Transgenerational metabolomic fingerprints in mice ancestrally exposed to the obesogen TBT. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106822. [PMID: 34455191 PMCID: PMC8919592 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) contribute to the etiology of metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance and hepatic dysfunction. Concern is growing about the consequences of perinatal EDC exposure on disease predisposition later in life. Metabolomics are promising approaches for studying long-term consequences of early life EDC exposure. These approaches allow for the identification and characterization of biomarkers of direct or ancestral exposures that could be diagnostic for individual susceptibility to disease and help to understand mechanisms through which EDCs act. OBJECTIVES We sought to identify metabolomic fingerprints in mice ancestrally exposed to the model obesogen tributyltin (TBT), to assess whether metabolomics could discriminate potential trans-generational susceptibility to obesity and recognize metabolic pathways modulated by ancestral TBT exposure. METHODS We used non-targeted 1H NMR metabolomic analyses of plasma and liver samples collected from male and female mice ancestrally exposed to TBT in two independent transgenerational experiments in which F3 and F4 males became obese when challenged with increased dietary fat. RESULTS Metabolomics confirmed transgenerational obesogenic effects of environmentally relevant doses of TBT in F3 and F4 males, in two independent studies. Although females never became obese, their specific metabolomic fingerprint evidenced distinct transgenerational effects of TBT in female mice consistent with impaired capacity for liver biotransformation. DISCUSSION This study is the first application of metabolomics to unveil the transgenerational effects of EDC exposure. Very early, significant changes in the plasma metabolome were observed in animals ancestrally exposed to TBT. These changes preceded the onset of obesogenic effects elicited by increased dietary fat in the TBT groups, and which ultimately resulted in significant changes in the liver metabolome. Development of metabolomic fingerprints could facilitate the identification of individuals carrying the signature of ancestral obesogen exposure that might increase their susceptibility to other risk factor such as increased dietary fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Chamorro-García
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, 2011 Biological Sciences 3, University of California, Irvine 92697-2300, USA
| | - Nathalie Poupin
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Tremblay-Franco
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Canlet
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Riann Egusquiza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Roselyne Gautier
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Jouanin
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Bassem M Shoucri
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, 2011 Biological Sciences 3, University of California, Irvine 92697-2300, USA
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, 2011 Biological Sciences 3, University of California, Irvine 92697-2300, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA.
| | - Daniel Zalko
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France.
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Welch BM, Keil AP, Bommarito PA, van T' Erve TJ, Deterding LJ, Williams JG, Lih FB, Cantonwine DE, McElrath TF, Ferguson KK. Longitudinal exposure to consumer product chemicals and changes in plasma oxylipins in pregnant women. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106787. [PMID: 34314981 PMCID: PMC8490329 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to consumer product chemicals during pregnancy may increase susceptibility to pregnancy disorders by influencing maternal inflammation. However, effects on specific inflammatory pathways have not been well characterized. Oxylipins are a diverse class of lipids that act as important mediators and biomarkers of several biological pathways that regulate inflammation. Adverse pregnancy outcomes have been associated with circulating oxylipin levels in pregnancy. In this study, we aimed to determine the longitudinal associations between plasma oxylipins and urinary biomarkers of three classes of consumer product chemicals among pregnant women. METHODS Data come from a study of 90 pregnant women nested within the LIFECODES cohort. Maternal plasma and urine were collected at three prenatal visits. Plasma was analyzed for 61 oxylipins, which were grouped according to biosynthetic pathways that we defined by upstream: 1) fatty acid precursor, including linoleic, arachidonic, docosahexaenoic, or eicosapentaenoic acid; and 2) enzyme pathway, including cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), or cytochrome P450 (CYP). Urine was analyzed for 12 phenol, 12 phthalate, and 9 organophosphate ester (OPE) biomarkers. Linear mixed effect models were used for single-pollutant analyses. We implemented a novel extension of quantile g-computation for longitudinal data to examine the joint effect of class-specific chemical mixtures on individual plasma oxylipin concentrations. RESULTS We found that urinary biomarkers of consumer product chemicals were positively associated with pro-inflammatory oxylipins from several biosynthetic pathways. Importantly, these associations depended upon the chemical class of exposure biomarker. We estimated positive associations between urinary phenol biomarkers and oxylipins produced from arachidonic acid by LOX enzymes, including several important pro-inflammatory hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs). On average, mean concentrations of oxylipin produced from the arachidonic acid/LOX pathway were 48%-71% higher per quartile increase in the phenol biomarker mixture. For example, a simultaneous quartile increase in all urinary phenols was associated with 53% higher (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11%, 111%) concentrations of 12-HETE. The positive associations among phenols were primarily driven by methyl paraben, 2,5-dichlorophenol, and triclosan. Additionally, we observed that phthalate and OPE metabolites were associated with higher concentrations of oxylipins produced from linoleic acid by CYP enzymes, including the pro-inflammatory dihydroxy-octadecenoic acids (DiHOMEs). Associations among DiHOME oxylipins were driven by metabolites of benzylbutyl and di-isodecyl phthalate, and by the metabolite of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate among OPEs. We also observed inverse associations between phthalate and OPE metabolites and oxylipins produced from other pathways; however, adjusting for a plasma indicator of dietary fatty acid intake attenuated those results. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the hypothesis that consumer product chemicals may have diverse impacts on inflammation processes in pregnancy. Certain pro-inflammatory oxylipins were generally higher among participants with higher urinary chemical biomarker concentrations. Associations varied by class of chemical and by the biosynthetic pathway of oxylipin production, indicating potential specificity in the inflammatory effects of these environmental chemicals during pregnancy that warrant investigation in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barrett M Welch
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), United States
| | - Alexander P Keil
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), United States; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, United States
| | - Paige A Bommarito
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), United States
| | | | | | - Jason G Williams
- Mass Spectrometry Research and Support Group, NIEHS, United States
| | - Fred B Lih
- Mass Spectrometry Research and Support Group, NIEHS, United States
| | - David E Cantonwine
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Thomas F McElrath
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), United States.
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170
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Wu H, Kupsco A, Just A, Calafat AM, Oken E, Braun JM, Sanders AP, Mercado-Garcia A, Cantoral A, Pantic I, Téllez-Rojo MM, Wright RO, Baccarelli AA, Deierlein AL. Maternal Phthalates Exposure and Blood Pressure during and after Pregnancy in the PROGRESS Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:127007. [PMID: 34935432 PMCID: PMC8693773 DOI: 10.1289/ehp8562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalate exposure is ubiquitous and may affect biological pathways related to regulators of blood pressure. Given the profound changes in vasculature during pregnancy, pregnant women may be particularly susceptible to the potential effects of phthalates on blood pressure. OBJECTIVES We examined associations of phthalate exposure during pregnancy with maternal blood pressure trajectories from mid-pregnancy through 72 months postpartum. METHODS Women with singleton pregnancies delivering a live birth in Mexico City were enrolled during the second trimester (n=892). Spot urine samples from the second and third trimesters were analyzed for 15 phthalate metabolites. Blood pressure and covariate data were collected over nine visits through 72 months postpartum. We used linear, logistic, and linear mixed models; latent class growth models (LCGMs); and Bayesian kernel machine regression to estimate the relationship of urinary phthalate biomarkers with maternal blood pressure. RESULTS As a joint mixture, phthalate biomarker concentrations during pregnancy were associated with higher blood pressure rise during mid-to-late gestation. With respect to individual biomarkers, second trimester concentrations of monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate biomarkers (ΣDEHP) were associated with higher third trimester blood pressure. Two trajectory classes were identified by LCGM, characterized by increasing blood pressure through 72 months postpartum ("increase-increase") or decreased blood pressure through 18 months postpartum with a gradual increase thereafter ("decrease-increase"). Increasing exposure to phthalate mixtures during pregnancy was associated with higher odds of being in the increase-increase class. Similar associations were observed for mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl terephthalate (MECPTP) and dibutyl phthalate (ΣDBP) biomarkers. When specific time periods were examined, we observed specific temporal relationships were observed for ΣDEHP, MECPTP, MBzP, and ΣDBP. DISCUSSION In our cohort of pregnant women from Mexico City, exposure to phthalates and phthalate biomarkers was associated with higher blood pressure during late pregnancy, as well as with long-term changes in blood pressure trajectories. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8562.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Allison Kupsco
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Allan Just
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Antonia M. Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph M. Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Alison P. Sanders
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adriana Mercado-Garcia
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Cantoral
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ivan Pantic
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martha M. Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Robert O. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrea A. Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrea L. Deierlein
- Public Health Nutrition, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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Zhang H, Li J, Chen Y, Wang D, Xu W, Gao Y. Profiles of parabens, benzophenone-type ultraviolet filters, triclosan, and triclocarban in paired urine and indoor dust samples from Chinese university students: Implications for human exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 798:149275. [PMID: 34333440 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Parabens, benzophenone (BP)-type UV filters, triclosan (TCS), and triclocarban (TCC) are commonly used in personal care products. Human exposure to these compounds has received increasing concern because of their adverse health effects. However, the levels of these chemicals in paired urine and indoor samples have never been simultaneously measured. In this work, eight parabens, eight BP-type UV filters, TCS, and TCC were measured in paired urine and indoor dust samples collected from university students and their dormitories in South China. The target analytes were commonly measured in urine (71%-100%) and indoor dust (30%-98%), with median concentrations ranging from 0.16 ng/mL to 19.3 ng/mL in urine and from <0.01 ng/g to 3700 ng/g in indoor dust samples. Females had high levels of most of these target compounds, and gender-related differences were found in the levels of most target analytes. Positive correlations were found in the levels of methylparaben, ethyl paraben, benzophenone-3, and TCS between urine and indoor dust samples. This finding suggested that indoor dust is an important source for human exposure to these compounds. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of these analytes in paired samples was also evaluated. The median EDI-urine values of target analytes varied in the range of 4.02-59,280 ng/kg bw/day. Females had higher median EDI-urine values for most of target analytes than males. In addition, the median EDI-indoor dust values of most target analytes in dust from female dormitories were higher than those in dust from male dormitories. Indoor dust ingestion only had minor contribution (<0.5%) to the total exposure. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to simultaneously analyze the concentrations of parabens, BP-type UV filters, TCS, and TCC in the paired urine and indoor samples from university students in South China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, PR China; The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jingxia Li
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, PR China; The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Desheng Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Weiguo Xu
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Yunfei Gao
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, PR China; The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, PR China.
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172
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Wu Q, Du X, Feng X, Cheng H, Chen Y, Lu C, Wu M, Tong H. Chlordane exposure causes developmental delay and metabolic disorders in Drosophila melanogaster. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112739. [PMID: 34481351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of metabolic diseases is increasing every year, and several studies have highlighted the activity of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in causing hyperlipidemia and diabetes, and these compounds are considered to be endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Chlordane is classified as an endocrine disruptor, but the mechanism of how it functions is still unclear. This study investigates the effects of chlordane exposure on Drosophila larvae. Drosophila was cultured in diet containing 0.01 μM, 0.1 μM, 1 μM, 5 μM, and 10 μM chlordane, and the toxicity of chlordane, the growth and development of Drosophila, the homeostasis of glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin signaling pathway, lipid peroxidation-related indicators and Nrf2 signaling pathway were evaluated. We here found that exposure to high concentrations of chlordane decreased the survival rate of Drosophila and that exposure to low concentrations of chlordane caused disruption of glucose and lipid metabolism, increased insulin secretion and impairment of insulin signaling. Notably, it also led to massive ROS production and lipid peroxidation despite of the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway, an important pathway for maintaining redox homeostasis. Collectively, chlordane causes lipid peroxidation and disrupts redox homeostasis, which may be a potential mechanism leading to impaired insulin signaling and the metabolism of glucose and lipid, ultimately affects Drosophila development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifang Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xueting Du
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xucong Feng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huimin Cheng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yingjun Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Chenying Lu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Mingjiang Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Haibin Tong
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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173
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Barbosa KL, Dettogni RS, Costa CS, Gastal EL, Raetzman LT, Flaws JA, Graceli JB. Tributyltin and the female hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal disruption. Toxicol Sci 2021; 186:179-189. [PMID: 34850235 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is the principal modulator of reproductive function. Proper control of this system relies on several hormonal pathways, which make the female reproductive components susceptible to disruption by endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as tributyltin (TBT). Here, we review the relevant research on the associations between TBT exposure and dysfunction of the female HPG axis components. Specifically, TBT reduced hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) expression and gonadotropin release, and impaired ovarian folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, and ovulation, at least in part, by causing abnormal sensitivity to steroid feedback mechanisms and deleterious ovarian effects. This review covers studies using environmentally relevant doses of TBT in vitro (1 ng-20 ng/mL) and in vivo (10 ng-20 mg/Kg) in mammals. The review also includes discussion of important gaps in the literature and suggests new avenue of research to evaluate the possible mechanisms underlying TBT-induced toxicity in the HPG axis. Overall, the evidence indicates that TBT exposure is associated with toxicity to the components of the female reproductive axis. Further studies are needed to better elucidate the mechanisms through which TBT impairs the ability of the HPG axis to control reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayke L Barbosa
- Dept of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Charles S Costa
- Dept of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L Gastal
- Animal Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Lori T Raetzman
- Dept of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Dept. of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jones B Graceli
- Dept of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Brazil
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174
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Rato L, Sousa ACA. The Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Male Fertility: Focus on the Action of Obesogens. J Xenobiot 2021; 11:163-196. [PMID: 34940512 PMCID: PMC8709303 DOI: 10.3390/jox11040012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current scenario of male infertility is not yet fully elucidated; however, there is increasing evidence that it is associated with the widespread exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and in particular to obesogens. These compounds interfere with hormones involved in the regulation of metabolism and are associated with weight gain, being also able to change the functioning of the male reproductive axis and, consequently, the testicular physiology and metabolism that are pivotal for spermatogenesis. The disruption of these tightly regulated metabolic pathways leads to adverse reproductive outcomes. The permanent exposure to obesogens has raised serious health concerns. Evidence suggests that obesogens are one of the leading causes of the marked decline of male fertility and key players in shaping the future health outcomes not only for those who are directly exposed but also for upcoming generations. In addition to the changes that lead to inefficient functioning of the male gametes, obesogens induce alterations that are “imprinted” on the genes of the male gametes, establishing a link between generations and contributing to the transmission of defects. Unveiling the molecular mechanisms by which obesogens induce toxicity that may end-up in epigenetic modifications is imperative. This review describes and discusses the suggested molecular targets and potential mechanisms for obesogenic–disrupting chemicals and the subsequent effects on male reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Rato
- Health School of the Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-035 Guarda, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (A.C.A.S.)
| | - Ana C. A. Sousa
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (A.C.A.S.)
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175
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Vandenberg LN, Turgeon JL. Endocrine disrupting chemicals: Understanding what matters. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2021; 92:xiii-xxiv. [PMID: 34452698 DOI: 10.1016/s1054-3589(21)00051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Judith L Turgeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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176
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Pesticides and Male Fertility: A Dangerous Crosstalk. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120799. [PMID: 34940557 PMCID: PMC8707831 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, an increasing incidence of male infertility has been reported. Interestingly, and considering that pesticides have been used for a long time, the high incidence of this pathological state is concomitant with the increasing use of these chemicals, suggesting they are contributors for the development of human infertility. Data from literature highlight the ability of certain pesticides and/or their metabolites to persist in the environment for long periods of time, as well as to bioaccumulate in the food chain, thus contributing for their chronic exposure. Furthermore, pesticides can act as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), interfering with the normal function of natural hormones (which are responsible for the regulation of the reproductive system), or even as obesogens, promoting obesity and associated comorbidities, like infertility. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have focused on the effects and possible mechanisms of action of these pesticides on the male reproductive system that cause sundry negative effects, even though through diverse mechanisms, but all may lead to infertility. In this review, we present an up-to-date overview and discussion of the effects, and the metabolic and molecular features of pesticides on somatic cells and germinal tissues that affect germ cell differentiation.
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177
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Bolt MJ, Singh P, Obkirchner CE, Powell RT, Mancini MG, Szafran AT, Stossi F, Mancini MA. Endocrine disrupting chemicals differentially alter intranuclear dynamics and transcriptional activation of estrogen receptor-α. iScience 2021; 24:103227. [PMID: 34712924 PMCID: PMC8529556 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription is a highly regulated sequence of stochastic processes utilizing many regulators, including nuclear receptors (NR) that respond to stimuli. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment can compete with natural ligands for nuclear receptors to alter transcription. As nuclear dynamics can be tightly linked to transcription, it is important to determine how EDCs affect NR mobility. We use an EPA-assembled set of 45 estrogen receptor-α (ERα) ligands and EDCs in our engineered PRL-Array model to characterize their effect upon transcription using fluorescence in situ hybridization and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). We identified 36 compounds that target ERα-GFP to a transcriptionally active, visible locus. Using a novel method for multi-region FRAP analysis we find a strong negative correlation between ERα mobility and inverse agonists. Our findings indicate that ERα mobility is not solely tied to transcription but affected highly by the chemical class binding the receptor. Development of a new algorithm for multi-foci FRAP analysis ERα agonists can be segregated into fast-moving and slow-moving receptor groups ERα inverse agonists receptor mobility inversely correlates with transcription Steroidal compounds result in a slower moving receptor than other classes
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Bolt
- Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pankaj Singh
- Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Caroline E Obkirchner
- Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Reid T Powell
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maureen G Mancini
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Adam T Szafran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fabio Stossi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael A Mancini
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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178
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Hirao-Suzuki M. Estrogen Receptor β as a Possible Double-Edged Sword Molecule in Breast Cancer: A Mechanism of Alteration of Its Role by Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1594-1597. [PMID: 34719637 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen is essential for the growth and development of mammary glands and its signaling is associated with breast cancer growth. Estrogen can exert physiological actions via estrogen receptors α/β (ERα/β). There is experimental evidence suggesting that in ERα/β-positive breast cancer, ERα promotes tumor cell proliferation and ERβ inhibits ERα-mediated transcriptional activity, resulting in abrogation of cell growth. Therefore, ERβ is attracting attention as a potential tumor suppressor, and as a biomarker and therapeutic target in the ERα/β-positive breast cancer. Based on this information, we have hypothesized that some endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that can perturb the balance between ERα and ERβ expression levels in breast cancer cells might have effects on the breast cancer proliferation (i.e., down-regulation of the α-type of ER). We have recently reported that 4-methyl-2,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pent-1-ene (MBP), an active metabolite of bisphenol A, in ERα/β-positive human breast cancer significantly down-regulates ERα expression, yet stimulates cell proliferation through the activation of ERβ-mediated transcription. These results support our hypothesis by demonstrating that exposure to MBP altered the functional role of ERβ in breast cancer cells from suppressor to promoter. In contrast, some EDCs, such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and bisphenol AF, can exhibit anti-estrogenic effects through up-regulation of ERβ expression without affecting the ERα expression levels. However, there is no consensus on the correlation between ERβ expression levels and clinical prognosis, which might be due to differences in exposed chemicals. Therefore, elucidating the exposure effects of EDCs can reveal the reason for inconsistent functional role of ERβ in ERα/β-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayo Hirao-Suzuki
- Laboratory of Xenobiotic Metabolism and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University
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179
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van den Dries MA, Keil AP, Tiemeier H, Pronk A, Spaan S, Santos S, Asimakopoulos AG, Kannan K, Gaillard R, Guxens M, Trasande L, Jaddoe VWV, Ferguson KK. Prenatal Exposure to Nonpersistent Chemical Mixtures and Fetal Growth: A Population-Based Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:117008. [PMID: 34817287 PMCID: PMC8612241 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to mixtures of nonpersistent chemicals is universal. Most studies examining these chemicals in association with fetal growth have been restricted to single exposure models, ignoring their potentially cumulative impact. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the association between prenatal exposure to a mixture of phthalates, bisphenols, and organophosphate (OP) pesticides and fetal measures of head circumference, femur length, and weight. METHODS Within the Generation R Study, a population-based cohort in Netherlands (n=776), urinary concentrations of 11 phthalate metabolites, 3 bisphenols, and 5 dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites were measured at <18, 18-25, and >25 weeks of gestation and averaged. Ultrasound measures of head circumference, femur length, and estimated fetal weight (EFW) were taken at 18-25 and >25 weeks of gestation, and measurements of head circumference, length, and weight were performed at delivery. We estimated the difference in each fetal measurement per quartile increase in all exposures within the mixture with quantile g-computation. RESULTS The average EFW at 18-25 wk and >25wk was 369 and 1,626g, respectively, and the average birth weight was 3,451g. Higher exposure was associated with smaller fetal and newborn growth parameters in a nonlinear fashion. At 18-25 wk, fetuses in the second, third, and fourth quartiles of exposure (Q2-Q4) had 26g [95% confidence intervals (CI):-38, -13], 35g (95% CI: -55, -15), and 27g (95% CI: -54, 1) lower EFW compared with those in the first quartile (Q1). A similar dose-response pattern was observed at >25wk, but all effect sizes were smaller, and no association was observed comparing Q4 to Q1. At birth, we observed no differences in weight between Q1-Q2 or Q1-Q3. However, fetuses in Q4 had 91g (95% CI: -258, 76) lower birth weight in comparison with those in Q1. Results observed at 18-25 and >25wk were similar for femur length; however, no differences were observed at birth. No associations were observed for head circumference. DISCUSSION Higher exposure to a mixture of phthalates, bisphenols, and OP pesticides was associated with lower EFW in the midpregnancy period. In late pregnancy, these differences were similar but less pronounced. At birth, the only associations observed appeared when comparing individuals from Q1 and Q4. This finding suggests that even low levels of exposure may be sufficient to influence growth in early pregnancy, whereas higher levels may be necessary to affect birth weight. Joint exposure to nonpersistent chemicals may adversely impact fetal growth, and because these exposures are widespread, this impact could be substantial. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9178.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel A van den Dries
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexander P Keil
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anjoeka Pronk
- Department Risk Analysis for Products in Development, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Spaan
- Department Risk Analysis for Products in Development, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Susana Santos
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Romy Gaillard
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Robert F. Wagner School of Public Service, New York University, New York, New York, USA
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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180
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Binder S, Cao X, Bauer S, Rastak N, Kuhn E, Dragan GC, Monsé C, Ferron G, Breuer D, Oeder S, Karg E, Sklorz M, Di Bucchianico S, Zimmermann R. In vitro genotoxicity of dibutyl phthalate on A549 lung cells at air-liquid interface in exposure concentrations relevant at workplaces. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2021; 62:490-501. [PMID: 34636079 DOI: 10.1002/em.22464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous use of phthalates in various materials and the knowledge about their potential adverse effects is of great concern for human health. Several studies have uncovered their role in carcinogenic events and suggest various phthalate-associated adverse health effects that include pulmonary diseases. However, only limited information on pulmonary toxicity is available considering inhalation of phthalates as the route of exposure. While in vitro studies are often based on submerged exposures, this study aimed to expose A549 alveolar epithelial cells at the air-liquid interface (ALI) to unravel the genotoxic and oxidative stress-inducing potential of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) with concentrations relevant at occupational settings. Within this scope, a computer modeling approach calculating alveolar deposition of DBP particles in the human lung was used to define in vitro ALI exposure conditions comparable to potential occupational DBP exposures. The deposited mass of DBP ranged from 0.03 to 20 ng/cm2 , which was comparable to results of a human lung particle deposition model using an 8 h workplace threshold limit value of 580 μg/m3 proposed by the Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits for the European Union. Comet and Micronucleus assay revealed that DBP induced genotoxicity at DNA and chromosome level in sub-cytotoxic conditions. Since genomic instability was accompanied by increased generation of the lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde, oxidative stress might play an important role in phthalate-induced genotoxicity. The results highlight the importance of adapting in vitro studies to exposure scenarios relevant at occupational settings and reconsidering occupational exposure limits for DBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Binder
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Xin Cao
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefanie Bauer
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Narges Rastak
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Kuhn
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - George C Dragan
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA) - Measurement of Hazardous Substances, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Monsé
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA), Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - George Ferron
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Breuer
- Institute of Occupational Safety of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA), Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Oeder
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Erwin Karg
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Sklorz
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sebastiano Di Bucchianico
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center at Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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181
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de Maria Serra F, Parizi JLS, Odorizzi GASDM, Sato GMRH, Patrão IB, Chagas PHN, de Azevedo Mello F, Nai GA. Subchronic exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide causes dysplasia in the digestive tract of Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:61477-61496. [PMID: 34173954 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) are the most widely used herbicide for treatment of crops in the world. The digestive tract is one of the first systems exposed to pesticides, and damage to this system can affect the general health of individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of subchronic inhalation and oral exposure to GBH on the digestive tract in rats. Six groups of Wistar rats (male and female) were exposed to nebulization with three concentrations of GBH [3.71 × 10-3 grams of active ingredient per hectare (g.a.i./ha), 6.19 × 10-3 g.a.i./ha and 9.28 × 10-3 g.a.i./ha] administered orally or by inhalation for 75 days. Bone marrow cells, smears of the tongue and fragments of the tongue, oesophagus, stomach and intestine were collected for histopathological analysis. Congestion, inflammation, an increase in the number of mast cells and nucleoli-organizing regions were detected in the tongue in the groups exposed to GBH. Females had a higher number of mast cells in the tongue than males. Animals in the groups exposed to higher concentrations of GBH showed dysplasia in the oesophagus and small and large intestine regardless of sex. Gastric changes were not observed. Animals exposed to GBH showed increased micronucleus formation. Our data indicate that GBH causes oral allergies and dysplastic lesions in the oesophagus and small and large intestine and has genotoxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda de Maria Serra
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Santos Parizi
- Department of Pathology, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine of Presidente Prudente (FAMEPP), Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Grace Mitiko Rosati Hori Sato
- Faculty of Dentistry of Presidente Prudente (FOPP), Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela Bocardi Patrão
- Faculty of Dentistry of Presidente Prudente (FOPP), Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Nahas Chagas
- Faculty of Medicine of Presidente Prudente (FAMEPP), Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabíola de Azevedo Mello
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Gisele Alborghetti Nai
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
- Department of Pathology, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
- Faculty of Medicine of Presidente Prudente (FAMEPP), Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
- Faculty of Dentistry of Presidente Prudente (FOPP), Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica e Citopatologia, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Rua José Bongiovani, 700, Presidente Prudente, SP, 19050-680, Brazil.
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182
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Environmental Factors and Endometriosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111025. [PMID: 34769544 PMCID: PMC8582818 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common disease, affecting up to 60-80% of women, with pelvic pain or/and infertility. Despite years of studies, its pathogenesis still remains enigmatic. Genetic, hormonal, environmental, and lifestyle-related factors may be involved in its pathogenesis. Thus, the design of the review was to discuss the possible role of environmental factors in the development of endometriosis. The results of individual studies greatly differ, making it very difficult to draw any definite conclusions. There is no reasonable consistency in the role of environmental factors in endometriosis etiopathogenesis.
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183
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Kaiser L, Quint I, Csuk R, Jung M, Deigner HP. Lineage-Selective Disturbance of Early Human Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Differentiation by the Commonly Used Plasticizer Di-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate via Reactive Oxygen Species: Fatty Acid Oxidation Makes the Difference. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102703. [PMID: 34685682 PMCID: PMC8534767 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to ubiquitous endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is a major public health concern. We analyzed the physiological impact of the EDC, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), and found that its metabolite, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), had significant adverse effects on myeloid hematopoiesis at environmentally relevant concentrations. An analysis of the underlying mechanism revealed that MEHP promotes increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) by reducing the activity of superoxide dismutase in all lineages, possibly via its actions at the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. This leads to a metabolic shift away from glycolysis toward the pentose phosphate pathway and ultimately results in the death of hematopoietic cells that rely on glycolysis for energy production. By contrast, cells that utilize fatty acid oxidation for energy production are not susceptible to this outcome due to their capacity to uncouple ATP production. These responses were also detected in non-hematopoietic cells exposed to alternate inducers of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Kaiser
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Straße 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany; (L.K.); (I.Q.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 25, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany;
| | - Isabel Quint
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Straße 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany; (L.K.); (I.Q.)
| | - René Csuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Manfred Jung
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 25, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany;
- CIBSS—Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Straße 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany; (L.K.); (I.Q.)
- Fraunhofer Institute IZI, Leipzig, EXIM Department, Schillingallee 68, 18057 Rostock, Germany
- Associated Member of Faculty of Science, Tuebingen University, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7720-307-4232
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184
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Vandenberg LN, Pelch KE. Systematic Review Methodologies and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: Improving Evaluations of the Plastic Monomer Bisphenol A. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 22:748-764. [PMID: 34610783 DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666211005163614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are found in plastics, personal care products, household items, and other consumer goods. Risk assessments are intended to characterize a chemical's hazards, identify the doses at which adverse outcomes are observed, quantify exposure levels, and then compare these doses to determine the likelihood of risk in a given population. There are many problems with risk assessments for EDCs, allowing people to be exposed to levels that are later associated with serious health outcomes in epidemiology studies. OBJECTIVE In this review, we examine issues that affect the evaluation of EDCs in risk assessments (e.g., use of insensitive rodent strains and absence of disease-oriented outcomes in hazard assessments; inadequate exposure assessments). We then review one well-studied chemical, Bisphenol A (BPA; CAS #80-05-7) an EDC found in plastics, food packaging, and other consumer products. More than one hundred epidemiology studies suggest associations between BPA exposures and adverse health outcomes in environmentally exposed human populations. FINDINGS We present support for the use of systematic review methodologies in the evaluation of BPA and other EDCs. Systematic reviews would allow studies to be evaluated for their reliability and risk of bias. They would also allow all data to be used in risk assessments, which is a requirement for some regulatory agencies. CONCLUSION Systematic review methodologies can be used to improve evaluations of BPA and other EDCs. Their use could help to restore faith in risk assessments and ensure that all data are utilized in decision-making. Regulatory agencies are urged to conduct transparent, well-documented and proper systematic reviews for BPA and other EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts - Amherst, United States
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185
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Patisaul HB. REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: Endocrine disruption and reproductive disorders: impacts on sexually dimorphic neuroendocrine pathways. Reproduction 2021; 162:F111-F130. [PMID: 33929341 PMCID: PMC8484365 DOI: 10.1530/rep-20-0596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We are all living with hundreds of anthropogenic chemicals in our bodies every day, a situation that threatens the reproductive health of present and future generations. This review focuses on endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), both naturally occurring and man-made, and summarizes how they interfere with the neuroendocrine system to adversely impact pregnancy outcomes, semen quality, age at puberty, and other aspects of human reproductive health. While obvious malformations of the genitals and other reproductive organs are a clear sign of adverse reproductive health outcomes and injury to brain sexual differentiation, the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis can be much more difficult to discern, particularly in humans. It is well-established that, over the course of development, gonadal hormones shape the vertebrate brain such that sex-specific reproductive physiology and behaviors emerge. Decades of work in neuroendocrinology have elucidated many of the discrete and often very short developmental windows across pre- and postnatal development in which this occurs. This has allowed toxicologists to probe how EDC exposures in these critical windows can permanently alter the structure and function of the HPG axis. This review includes a discussion of key EDC principles including how latency between exposure and the emergence of consequential health effects can be long, along with a summary of the most common and less well-understood EDC modes of action. Extensive examples of how EDCs are impacting human reproductive health, and evidence that they have the potential for multi-generational physiological and behavioral effects are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather B Patisaul
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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186
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Environment in Children's Health: A New Challenge for Risk Assessment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910445. [PMID: 34639744 PMCID: PMC8507725 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, many studies have focused on the effects of environmental contaminant exposure during the prenatal period or infancy as predictors of health outcomes in the future. In these time windows, due to their rapid growth, and physiologic and metabolic development, we can observe a higher vulnerability to the effects of environment, with respect to adulthood. The evidence of possible influences, partly mediated by epigenetic mechanisms, involve neurobehavioral responses and immune, endocrine, and respiratory systems, acting directly on the child or indirectly when mediated by placental transfer or breast feeding. In particular, due to a greater intake of air, food, and fluids relative to body weight, crawling behaviors and short stature, the risk of excessive exposure is greater in children. However, data on the long-term implications of early exposures are scarce. Additionally, so that physicians and institutions for child care and assistance of pregnant women can take actions to counteract the effects of chemical pollution (i.e., by educational opportunities), a risk assessment perspective that responds to the biocomplexity of the human being is needed. The present paper provides an overview of physiologic and behavioral characteristics during the perinatal period and in childhood, suggesting in a more integrated way, the need of a new risk-assessment approach to managing chronic disease in pediatric patients.
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187
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Wang Y, Wang HS. Bisphenol A affects the pulse rate of Lumbriculus variegatus via an estrogenic mechanism. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 248:109105. [PMID: 34119654 PMCID: PMC8373826 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Invertebrates are recognized as important species in endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) testing. However, it is poorly understood whether the effects of EDCs in invertebrates are mediated by hormonal mechanisms. Previously, we showed that bisphenol A (BPA) affected the physiology of the freshwater oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus. In the present study, we examined the mechanism of the impact of BPA on L. variegatus, using pulse rate of the dorsal blood vessel (DBV) as an endpoint. Both long term and acute exposures to BPA increased the pulsing rate of DBV. The former had a distinct inverted-U dose response relationship with a most efficacious dose of 10-9 M, which increased the pulse rate from 8.97 to 10.9 beats/min. The effects of BPA were mimicked by the synthetic estrogen ethinylestradiol with a most efficacious dose of 10-12 M. Interestingly E2 had no effect on pulsing rate, either acute or long term. The sensitivity of L. variegatus to estrogens were exquisite, with detectable effects at 10-14 to 10-10 M range. Both the long term and acute effects of BPA were partially or fully blocked by various vertebrate estrogen receptor (ER) antagonists, including ICI 182,780, MPP and G15. Our results suggest that the impact of BPA on pulsing rate of L. variegatus is likely mediated by an estrogenic mechanism instead of general toxicity. The exceptionally high sensitivity of L. variegatus to some estrogens makes it a possible tool for estrogenic EDC screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Wang
- Hefei No. 8 High School, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Timokhina EP, Yaglov VV, Nazimova SV. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and the Adrenal Gland: From Toxicity to Endocrine Disruption. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9100243. [PMID: 34678939 PMCID: PMC8539486 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors are exogenous compounds that pollute the environment and have effects similar to hormones when inside the body. One of the most widespread endocrine disruptors in the wild is the pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Toxic doses of DDT are known to cause cell atrophy and degeneration in the adrenal zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. Daily exposure in a developing organism to supposedly non-toxic doses of DDT have been found to impair the morphogenesis of both the cortex and the medulla of the adrenal glands, as well as disturbing the secretion of hormones in cortical and chromaffin cells. Comparison of high and very low levels of DDT exposure revealed drastic differences in the morphological and functional changes in the adrenal cortex. Moreover, the three adrenocortical zones have different levels of sensitivity to the disruptive actions of DDT. The zona glomerulosa and zona reticularis demonstrate sensitivity to both high and very low levels of DDT in prenatal and postnatal periods. In contrast, the zona fasciculata is less damaged by low (supposedly non-toxic) exposure to DDT and its metabolites but is affected by toxic levels of exposure; thus, DDT exerts both toxic and disruptive effects on the adrenal glands, and sensitivity to these two types of action varies in adrenocortical zones. Disruptive low-dose exposure leads to more severe affection of the adrenal function.
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Conforti A, Carbone L, Simeon V, Chiodini P, Marrone V, Bagnulo F, Cariati F, Strina I, Alviggi C. Unravelling the link between phthalate exposure and endometriosis in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:2543-2557. [PMID: 34227050 PMCID: PMC8581146 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02265-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Endometriosis is a chronic debilitating inflammatory pathology which interests females in their reproductive age. Its pathogenesis has not yet been clearly defined. Recent evidence linked chemical agents as endocrine-disrupting chemicals to endometriosis. Phthalates are a widely used class of such compounds. This study aimed to summarize the current literature evaluating the link between exposure to phthalates and occurrence of endometriosis. METHODS A systematic review of literature and meta-analysis has been carried out following PRISMA guidelines to assess such link. Fourteen studies have been included in the review. Risk of bias has been assessed through the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. RESULTS We observed association between endometriosis and increased urinary levels of MBP/MnBP, MEOHP, and MEHHP, but not for others. Blood-derived analysis showed statistically significant link between endometriosis and BBP, DEHP, DnBP, and MEHP. CONCLUSION Given the wide heterogeneity of included studies, results should be taken with caution. Further studies with more rigorous methodology are encouraged to unravel the true link between this class of toxic compounds and manifestation of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Conforti
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini no. 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Carbone
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini no. 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Simeon
- Medical Statistic Unit, Luigi Vanvitelli University, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Chiodini
- Medical Statistic Unit, Luigi Vanvitelli University, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Marrone
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini no. 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Bagnulo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini no. 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Cariati
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini no. 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Ida Strina
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini no. 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Alviggi
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini no. 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
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190
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Almeida TFA, Oliveira SR, Mayra da Silva J, Fernandes de Oliveira AL, de Lourdes Cardeal Z, Menezes HC, Gomes JM, Campolina-Silva GH, Oliveira CA, Macari S, Garlet GP, Alves Diniz IM, Leopoldino AM, Aparecida Silva T. Effects of high-dose bisphenol A on the mouse oral mucosa: A possible link with oral cancers. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117296. [PMID: 33971473 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disrupting chemical able to promote hormone-responsive tumors. The major route of BPA contamination being oral, the aim of the present study was to investigate BPA effects on oral cells. Here, we evaluated the impact of sub-chronic in vivo exposure to BPA and its in vitro effects on neoplastic and non-neoplastic oral cells. We evaluated the oral mucosa of mice chronically exposed to BPA (200 mg/L). The response of keratinocytes (NOK-SI) and Head and Neck (HN) Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), HN12 and HN13 cell lines to BPA was examined. In vivo, BPA accumulated in oral tissues and caused an increase in epithelial proliferative activity. BPA disrupted the function of keratinocytes by altering pro-survival and proliferative pathways and the secretion of cytokines and growth factors. In tumor cells, BPA induced proliferative, invasive, pro-angiogenic, and epigenetic paths. Our data highlight the harmful effects of BPA on oral mucosa and, tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic cells. Additionally, BPA may be a modifier of oral cancer cell behavior by prompting a functional shift to a more aggressive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sicília Rezende Oliveira
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Janine Mayra da Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Zenilda de Lourdes Cardeal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Helvécio Costa Menezes
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - José Messias Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Cleida Aparecida Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Soraia Macari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Ivana Márcia Alves Diniz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andréia Machado Leopoldino
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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191
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The Beneficial Role of Natural Endocrine Disruptors: Phytoestrogens in Alzheimer's Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3961445. [PMID: 34527172 PMCID: PMC8437597 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3961445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia with a growing incidence rate primarily among the elderly. It is a neurodegenerative, progressive disorder leading to significant cognitive loss. Despite numerous pieces of research, no cure for halting the disease has been discovered yet. Phytoestrogens are nonestradiol compounds classified as one of the endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), meaning that they can potentially disrupt hormonal balance and result in developmental and reproductive abnormalities. Importantly, phytoestrogens are structurally, chemically, and functionally akin to estrogens, which undoubtedly has the potential to be detrimental to the organism. What is intriguing, although classified as EDCs, phytoestrogens seem to have a beneficial influence on Alzheimer's disease symptoms and neuropathologies. They have been observed to act as antioxidants, improve visual-spatial memory, lower amyloid-beta production, and increase the growth, survival, and plasticity of brain cells. This review article is aimed at contributing to the collective understanding of the role of phytoestrogens in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Importantly, it underlines the fact that despite being EDCs, phytoestrogens and their use can be beneficial in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
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192
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Bakoyiannis I, Kitraki E, Stamatakis A. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and behaviour: A high risk to take? Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 35:101517. [PMID: 33744126 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2021.101517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Early life exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is considered a potential risk factor for aberrant brain development and the emergence of behavioral deficits. The purpose of this review is to summarize the toxic effects of bisphenol-A (BPA) and phthalate exposure during pre-, -post- or perinatal life on different types of behaviour in male and female rodents. Despite results not being always consistent, most probably due to methodological issues, it is highly probable that early life exposure to BPA or/and phthalates, affects various aspects of behaviour in the offspring. Adverse effects include: Increased levels of anxiety, altered exploratory behaviour, reduced social interaction or increased aggression and deficits in spatial or recognition learning and memory. These effects have been observed with a wide range of doses, in some cases even below the currently employed Tolerable Daily Intake dose for either BPA or phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Bakoyiannis
- Biology-Biochemistry Lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Efthymia Kitraki
- Basic Sciences Lab, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Antonios Stamatakis
- Biology-Biochemistry Lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Abstract
The thyroid hormone system is a main target of endocrine disruptor compounds (EDC) at all levels of its intricately fine-tuned feedback regulation, synthesis, distribution, metabolism and action of the 'prohormone' thyroxine and its active metabolites. Apart from classical antithyroid effects of EDC on the gland, the majority of known and suspected effects occurs at the pre-receptor control of T3 ligand availability to T3 receptors exerting ligand modulated thyroid hormone action. Tissue-, organ- and cell-specific expression and function of thyroid hormone transporters, deiodinases, metabolizing enzymes and T3-receptor forms, all integral components of the system, may mediate adverse EDC effects. Established evidence from nutritional, pharmacological and molecular genetic studies clearly support the functional, biological, and clinical relevance of these targets. Iodine-containing thyroid hormones and the organization of this system are highly conserved during evolution from primitive aquatic life forms, amphibia, birds throughout all vertebrates including humans. Mechanistic studies from various animal experimental models strongly support cause-effect relationships upon EDC exposure, hazards and adverse effects of EDC across various species. Retrospective case-control, cohort and population studies linking EDC exposure with epidemiological data on thyroid hormone-related (dys-)functions provide clear evidence that human development, especially of the fetal and neonatal brain, growth, differentiation and metabolic processes in adult and aging humans are at risk for adverse EDC effects. Considering that more than half of the world population still lives on inadequate iodine supply, the additional ubiquitous exposure to EDC and their mixtures is an additional threat for the essential thyroid hormone system, the health of the human population and their future progenies, animal life forms and our global environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Köhrle
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Hessische Strasse 3-4, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Caroline Frädrich
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Hessische Strasse 3-4, 10115, Berlin, Germany
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194
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Zhang Y, Mustieles V, Williams PL, Yland J, Souter I, Braun JM, Calafat AM, Hauser R, Messerlian C. Prenatal urinary concentrations of phenols and risk of preterm birth: exploring windows of vulnerability. Fertil Steril 2021; 116:820-832. [PMID: 34238571 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore windows of vulnerability to prenatal urinary phenol concentrations and preterm birth. DESIGN Prospective cohort. SETTING A large fertility center in Boston, Massachusetts. PATIENT(S) A total of 386 mothers who sought fertility treatment and gave birth to a singleton between 2005 and 2018. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Singleton live birth with gestational age <37 completed weeks. RESULT(S) Compared with women with non-preterm births, urinary bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations were higher across gestation among women with preterm births, particularly during mid-to-late pregnancy and among those with female infants. Second trimester BPA concentrations were associated with preterm birth (Risk Ratio [RR] 1.24; 95%CI: 0.92, 1.69), which was primarily driven by female (RR 1.40; 95%CI: 1.04, 1.89) and not male (RR 0.85; 95%CI 0.50, 1.46) infants. First trimester paraben concentrations were also associated with preterm birth (RR 1.17; 95%CI: 0.94, 1.46) and similarly the association was only observed for female (RR 1.46; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.94) and not male infants (RR 0.94; 95%CIC: 0.72, 1.23). First trimester urinary bisphenol S concentrations showed a suggested risk of preterm birth (RR 1.25; 95%CI: 0.82, 1.89), although the small case numbers precluded sex-specific examination. CONCLUSION(S) We found preliminary evidence of associations between mid-to-late pregnancy BPA and early pregnancy paraben concentrations with preterm birth among those with female infants only. Preterm birth risk may be compound, sex, and window specific. Given the limited sample size of this cohort, results should be confirmed in larger studies, including fertile populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), and Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Granada, Spain
| | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Yland
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Irene Souter
- Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carmen Messerlian
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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195
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Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increased incidence in several of the most common reproductive disorders, including hypospadias and cryptorchidism in newborns, and testicular cancer and lower sperm quality in young adult males. In addition, the timing of puberty has also changed over time. Although the cause of these reproductive effects is a matter of intense debate, a link with the presence of ubiquitous compounds in the environment, or the exposure to specific groups of medications during foetal life, has been suggested. Results from epidemiological and experimental studies, as well as clinical observations in humans indicate that endocrine-disrupting chemicals may be associated with those disorders. In this review, we will summarize the results of epidemiological studies and experimental studies utilising human testicular cells or tissue. Due to increasing public interest and the recently published data, the main focus will be on the effects of prenatal exposure to mild analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Bernd Stukenborg
- NORDFERTIL Research Lab Stockholm, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, 17164 Solna, Sweden.
| | - Rod T Mitchell
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, and the Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Olle Söder
- NORDFERTIL Research Lab Stockholm, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, 17164 Solna, Sweden.
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Abstract
Regulatory agencies around the world depend on standardized testing approaches to evaluate environmental chemicals for endocrine disrupting properties. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has developed a two-tiered testing approach within its Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP). The eleven Tier 1 and three Tier 2 EDSP assays can be used to identify chemicals that act as agonists or antagonists of estrogen receptor, androgen receptor, or thyroid hormone receptor, or chemicals that interfere with steroidogenesis. Additional assays have been developed in the context of Tox21, and others have been validated by the OECD. In spite of the availability of validated toxicity tests, problems have been identified with the approaches and methods used to identify endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). This chapter will provide an overview of several of these issues including: (1) The way an EDC is defined by an agency impacts whether a specific test can be used to determine if a chemical is an EDC. This is especially important when considering which assays examine outcomes that are considered "adverse effects." (2) Some assumptions about the validated studies used to identify EDCs may not be true (e.g., their reproducibility has been questioned). (3) Many of the validated assays are less sensitive than other methods that have not yet been validated. Ultimately, these and other problems contribute to the current landscape, where testing approaches have failed to protect the public from known EDCs. The chapter concludes with a review of approaches that have been taken to improve current guideline studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States.
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197
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Knudsen GA, Chapman M, Trexler AW, Juberg CT, Birnbaum LS. 2,4,6-Tribromophenol Disposition and Kinetics in Pregnant and Nursing Sprague Dawley Rats. Toxicol Sci 2021; 178:36-43. [PMID: 32780832 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
2,4,6-Tribromophenol (TBP, CAS no. 118-79-6) is a brominated chemical used as a precursor, flame retardant, and wood antifungal agent. TBP is detected in environmental matrices and biota, including human breast milk, placenta, and serum. To address reports of TBP accumulation in human placenta and breast milk, studies were conducted to characterize TBP disposition and toxicokinetics in timed-pregnant or nursing Sprague Dawley rats following a single oral dose to the dam. Animals were administered [14C]-TBP (10 μmol/kg, 25 µCi/kg, 4 ml/kg) by gavage on gestation day 12 and 20, or postnatal day 12 and serially euthanized between 15 min and 24 h for collection of blood and tissues from the dam and fetuses/pups. Observed plasma TBP Cmax (3 and 7 nmol/ml) occurred at 15 min in both GD12 and GD20 dams while Cmax (3 nmol/ml) was observed at 30 min for PND12 dams. Concentrations in tissues followed plasma concentrations, with kidneys containing the highest concentrations at 30 min. GD12 litters contained a sustained 0.2%-0.3% of the dose (5-9 nmol/litter) between 15 min and 6 h while GD20 fetuses (2%-3%) and placentas (0.3%-0.5%) had sustained levels between 30 min and 12 h. The stomach contents (approx. 1 nmol-eq/g, 6-12 h), livers (0.04-0.1 nmol-eq/g) and kidneys (0.1-0.2 nmol-eq/g) of PND12 pups increased over time, indicating sustained exposure via milk. Systemic exposure to TBP and its metabolites occurs in both the directly exposed mother and the indirectly exposed offspring and is rapid and persistent after a single dose in pregnant and nursing rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Knudsen
- Toxicology and Toxicokinetics Group, National Toxicology Program Laboratory, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Margaret Chapman
- Toxicology and Toxicokinetics Group, National Toxicology Program Laboratory, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Andrew W Trexler
- Toxicology and Toxicokinetics Group, National Toxicology Program Laboratory, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.,School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Lillington, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christopher T Juberg
- Toxicology and Toxicokinetics Group, National Toxicology Program Laboratory, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Linda S Birnbaum
- Toxicology and Toxicokinetics Group, National Toxicology Program Laboratory, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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198
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Warner GR, Dettogni RS, Bagchi IC, Flaws JA, Graceli JB. Placental outcomes of phthalate exposure. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 103:1-17. [PMID: 34015474 PMCID: PMC8260441 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proper placental development and function relies on hormone receptors and signaling pathways that make the placenta susceptible to disruption by endocrine disrupting chemicals, such as phthalates. Here, we review relevant research on the associations between phthalate exposures and dysfunctions of the development and function of the placenta, including morphology, physiology, and genetic and epigenetic effects. This review covers in vitro studies, in vivo studies in mammals, and studies in humans. We also discuss important gaps in the literature. Overall, the evidence indicates that toxicity to the placental and maternal-fetal interface is associated with exposure to phthalates. Further studies are needed to better elucidate the mechanisms through which phthalates act in the placenta as well as additional human studies that assess placental disruption through pregnancy with larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genoa R Warner
- Dept of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Indrani C Bagchi
- Dept of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Dept of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Jones B Graceli
- Dept of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Brazil
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199
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Bajard L, Negi CK, Mustieles V, Melymuk L, Jomini S, Barthelemy-Berneron J, Fernandez MF, Blaha L. Endocrine disrupting potential of replacement flame retardants - Review of current knowledge for nuclear receptors associated with reproductive outcomes. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 153:106550. [PMID: 33848905 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) constitute a major public health concern because they can induce a large spectrum of adverse effects by interfering with the hormonal system. Rapid identification of potential EDCs using in vitro screenings is therefore critical, particularly for chemicals of emerging concerns such as replacement flame retardants (FRs). The review aimed at identifying (1) data gaps and research needs regarding endocrine disrupting (ED) properties of replacement FRs and (2) potential EDCs among these emerging chemicals. METHODS A systematic search was performed from open literature and ToxCast/Tox21 programs, and results from in vitro tests on the activities of 52 replacement FRs towards five hormone nuclear receptors (NRs) associated with reproductive outcomes (estrogen, androgen, glucocorticoid, progesterone, and aryl hydrocarbon receptors) were compiled and organized into tables. Findings were complemented with information from structure-based in silico model predictions and in vivo information when relevant. RESULTS For the majority of the 52 replacement FRs, experimental in vitro data on activities towards these five NRs were either incomplete (15 FRs) or not found (24 FRs). Within the replacement FRs for which effect data were found, some appeared as candidate EDCs, such as triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) and tris(1,3-dichloropropyl)phosphate (TDCIPP). The search also revealed shared ED profiles. For example, anti-androgenic activity was reported for 19 FRs and predicted for another 21 FRs. DISCUSSION This comprehensive review points to critical gaps in knowledge on ED potential for many replacement FRs, including chemicals to which the general population is likely exposed. Although this review does not cover all possible characteristics of ED, it allowed the identification of potential EDCs associated with reproductive outcomes, calling for deeper evaluation and possibly future regulation of these chemicals. By identifying shared ED profiles, this work also raises concerns for mixture effects since the population is co-exposed to several FRs and other chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Bajard
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 5, CZ62500 Brno, Czechia
| | - Chander K Negi
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 5, CZ62500 Brno, Czechia
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Granada, Spain; Ciber de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Lisa Melymuk
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 5, CZ62500 Brno, Czechia
| | - Stéphane Jomini
- ANSES, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques, Unité Evaluation des Substances Chimiques, 14 rue Pierre Marie Curie. 94701 Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France
| | - Johanna Barthelemy-Berneron
- ANSES, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques, Unité Evaluation des Substances Chimiques, 14 rue Pierre Marie Curie. 94701 Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France
| | - Mariana F Fernandez
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Granada, Spain; Ciber de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Ludek Blaha
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 5, CZ62500 Brno, Czechia.
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Çetin S, Özaydın T. The effects of bisphenol A given in ovo on bursa of Fabricius development and percentage of acid phosphatase positive lymphocyte in chicken. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:41688-41697. [PMID: 33791960 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), one of the endocrine disrupting chemicals, is the object of great concern because of its widespread use throughout the world. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of in ovo administrated BPA on the bursa of Fabricius and percentage of acid phosphatase positive lymphocyte in peripheral blood by means of histological and enzyme histochemical methods. For this purpose, 310 fertile eggs of Isa Brown laying parent stock were used. The eggs were divided into 5 groups as control, vehicle control, 50, 100, and 250μg/egg BPA. At days 13, 18, and 21 of incubation, eggs were opened until 10 living embryos were obtained from each group. Tissue samples were taken from the obtained embryos and processed for enzyme histochemical methods in addition to routine histological techniques. It was observed that, in BPA-treated groups, embryonic development of bursa of Fabricius was retarded. It was also indicated that the percentage of peripheral blood ACP-ase positive lymphocytes was significantly decreased. These results suggested that a limited maternal transfer of BPA into the eggs might be lead to immunosuppression in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvinaz Çetin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Özaydın
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey.
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