151
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Davies OG, Liu Y, Player DJ, Martin NRW, Grover LM, Lewis MP. Defining the Balance between Regeneration and Pathological Ossification in Skeletal Muscle Following Traumatic Injury. Front Physiol 2017; 8:194. [PMID: 28421001 PMCID: PMC5376571 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is characterized by the formation of bone at atypical sites. This type of ectopic bone formation is most prominent in skeletal muscle, most frequently resulting as a consequence of physical trauma and associated with aberrant tissue regeneration. The condition is debilitating, reducing a patient's range of motion and potentially causing severe pathologies resulting from nerve and vascular compression. Despite efforts to understand the pathological processes governing HO, there remains a lack of consensus regarding the micro-environmental conditions conducive to its formation, and attempting to define the balance between muscle regeneration and pathological ossification remains complex. The development of HO is thought to be related to a complex interplay between factors released both locally and systemically in response to trauma. It develops as skeletal muscle undergoes significant repair and regeneration, and is likely to result from the misdirected differentiation of endogenous or systemically derived progenitors in response to biochemical and/or environmental cues. The process can be sequentially delineated by the presence of inflammation, tissue breakdown, adipogenesis, hypoxia, neo-vasculogenesis, chondrogenesis and ossification. However, exactly how each of these stages contributes to the formation of HO is at present not well understood. Our previous review examined the cellular contribution to HO. Therefore, the principal aim of this review will be to comprehensively outline changes in the local tissue micro-environment following trauma, and identify how these changes can alter the balance between skeletal muscle regeneration and ectopic ossification. An understanding of the mechanisms governing this condition is required for the development and advancement of HO prophylaxis and treatment, and may even hold the key to unlocking novel methods for engineering hard tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen G Davies
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough UniversityLoughborough, UK.,School of Chemical Engineering, University of BirminghamBirmingham, UK
| | - Yang Liu
- Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough UniversityLoughborough, UK
| | - Darren J Player
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough UniversityLoughborough, UK
| | - Neil R W Martin
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough UniversityLoughborough, UK
| | - Liam M Grover
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of BirminghamBirmingham, UK
| | - Mark P Lewis
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough UniversityLoughborough, UK
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152
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Salhiyyah K, Sarathchandra P, Latif N, Yacoub MH, Chester AH. Hypoxia-mediated regulation of the secretory properties of mitral valve interstitial cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H14-H23. [PMID: 28314761 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00720.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The sophisticated function of the mitral valve depends to a large extent on its extracellular matrix (ECM) and specific cellular components. These are tightly regulated by a repertoire of mechanical stimuli and biological pathways. One potentially important stimulus is hypoxia. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the effect of hypoxia on the regulation of mitral valve interstitial cells (MVICs) with respect to the synthesis and secretion of extracellular matrix proteins. Hypoxia resulted in reduced production of total collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) in cultured porcine MVICs. Increased gene expression of matrix metalloproteinases-1 and -9 and their tissue inhibitors 1 and 2 was also observed after incubation under hypoxic conditions for up to 24 h. Hypoxia had no effect on MVIC viability, morphology, or phenotype. MVICs expressed hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α under hypoxia. Stimulating HIF-1α chemically caused a reduction in the amount of sGAG produced, similar to the effect observed under hypoxia. Human rheumatic valves had greater expression of HIF-1α compared with normal or myxomatous degenerated valves. In conclusion, hypoxia affects the production of certain ECM proteins and expression of matrix remodeling enzymes by MVICs. The effects of hypoxia appear to correlate with the induction of HIF-1α. This study highlights a potential role of hypoxia and HIF-1α in regulating the mitral valve, which could be important in health and disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrates that hypoxia regulates extracellular matrix secretion and the remodeling potential of heart valve interstitial cells. Expression of hypoxia-induced factor-1α plays a role in these effects. These data highlight the potential role of hypoxia as a physiological mediator of the complex function of heart valve cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem Salhiyyah
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Padmini Sarathchandra
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Najma Latif
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Magdi H Yacoub
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian H Chester
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, United Kingdom
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153
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Seeley TW, Sternlicht MD, Klaus SJ, Neff TB, Liu DY. Induction of erythropoiesis by hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors without promotion of tumor initiation, progression, or metastasis in a VEGF-sensitive model of spontaneous breast cancer. HYPOXIA 2017; 5:1-9. [PMID: 28331872 PMCID: PMC5354531 DOI: 10.2147/hp.s130526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effects of pharmacological hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) stabilization were investigated in the MMTV-Neundl-YD5 (NeuYD) mouse model of breast cancer. This study first confirmed the sensitivity of this model to increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), using bigenic NeuYD;MMTV-VEGF-25 mice. Tumor initiation was dramatically accelerated in bigenic animals. Bigenic tumors were also more aggressive, with shortened doubling times and increased lung metastasis as compared to NeuYD controls. In separate studies, NeuYD mice were treated three times weekly from 7 weeks of age until study end with two different HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs), FG-4497 or roxadustat (FG-4592). In NeuYD mice, HIF-PHI treatments elevated erythropoiesis markers, but no differences were detected in tumor onset or the phenotypes of established tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd W Seeley
- Therapeutics R&D, FibroGen, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas B Neff
- Therapeutics R&D, FibroGen, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David Y Liu
- Therapeutics R&D, FibroGen, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
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154
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Melatonin as an anti-inflammatory agent in radiotherapy. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 25:403-413. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0332-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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155
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Ucal Y, Durer ZA, Atak H, Kadioglu E, Sahin B, Coskun A, Baykal AT, Ozpinar A. Clinical applications of MALDI imaging technologies in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2017; 1865:795-816. [PMID: 28087424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) enables localization of analytes of interest along with histology. More specifically, MALDI-IMS identifies the distributions of proteins, peptides, small molecules, lipids, and drugs and their metabolites in tissues, with high spatial resolution. This unique capacity to directly analyze tissue samples without the need for lengthy sample preparation reduces technical variability and renders MALDI-IMS ideal for the identification of potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and disease gradation. MALDI-IMS has evolved rapidly over the last decade and has been successfully used in both medical and basic research by scientists worldwide. In this review, we explore the clinical applications of MALDI-IMS, focusing on the major cancer types and neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, we re-emphasize the diagnostic potential of IMS and the challenges that must be confronted when conducting MALDI-IMS in clinical settings. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: MALDI Imaging, edited by Dr. Corinna Henkel and Prof. Peter Hoffmann.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Ucal
- Acibadem University, Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Aslıhan Durer
- Acibadem University, Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Atak
- Acibadem University, Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Kadioglu
- Acibadem University, Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Sahin
- Acibadem University, Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Coskun
- Acibadem University, Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tarık Baykal
- Acibadem University, Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysel Ozpinar
- Acibadem University, Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
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156
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Nandy SB, Lakshmanaswamy R. Cancer Stem Cells and Metastasis. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 151:137-176. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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157
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Schito L, Semenza GL. Hypoxia-Inducible Factors: Master Regulators of Cancer Progression. Trends Cancer 2016; 2:758-770. [PMID: 28741521 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 621] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intratumoral hypoxia (reduced O2 availability) is a common finding in human cancer and leads to increased activity of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which regulate the expression of genes that contribute to angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, extracellular matrix remodeling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, motility, invasion, metastasis, cancer stem cell maintenance, immune evasion, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Conventional anticancer therapies target well-oxygenated and proliferating cancer cells, whereas there are no approved therapies that target hypoxic cancer cells, despite growing clinical and experimental evidence indicating that intratumoral hypoxia is a critical microenvironmental factor driving cancer progression. In this review, our current understanding of the consequences of HIF activity and the translational potential of targeting HIFs for cancer therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Schito
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- Institute for Cell Engineering, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, and Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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158
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Duchnowska R, Wysocki PJ, Korski K, Czartoryska-Arłukowicz B, Niwińska A, Orlikowska M, Radecka B, Studziński M, Demlova R, Ziółkowska B, Merdalska M, Hajac Ł, Myśliwiec P, Zuziak D, Dębska-Szmich S, Lang I, Foszczyńska-Kłoda M, Karczmarek-Borowska B, Żawrocki A, Kowalczyk A, Biernat W, Jassem J. Immunohistochemical prediction of lapatinib efficacy in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Oncotarget 2016; 7:550-64. [PMID: 26623720 PMCID: PMC4808017 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms of lapatinib resistance in breast cancer are not well understood. The aim of this study was to correlate expression of selected proteins involved in ErbB family signaling pathways with clinical efficacy of lapatinib. Study group included 270 HER2-positive advanced breast cancer patients treated with lapatinib and capecitabine. Immunohistochemical expression of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein (p-AMPK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-MAPK), phospho (p)-p70S6K, cyclin E, phosphatase and tensin homolog were analyzed in primary breast cancer samples. The best discriminative value for progression-free survival (PFS) was established for each biomarker and subjected to multivariate analysis. At least one biomarker was determined in 199 patients. Expression of p-p70S6K was independently associated with longer (HR 0.45; 95% CI: 0.25–0.81; p = 0.009), and cyclin E with shorter PFS (HR 1.83; 95% CI: 1.06–3.14; p = 0.029). Expression of p-MAPK (HR 1.61; 95% CI 1.13–2.29; p = 0.009) and cyclin E (HR 2.99; 95% CI: 1.29–6.94; p = 0.011) was correlated with shorter, and expression of estrogen receptor (HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.43–0.98; p = 0.041) with longer overall survival. Expression of p-AMPK negatively impacted response to treatment (HR 3.31; 95% CI 1.48–7.44; p = 0.004) and disease control (HR 3.07; 95% CI 1.25–7.58; p = 0.015). In conclusion: the efficacy of lapatinib seems to be associated with the activity of downstream signaling pathways – AMPK/mTOR and Ras/Raf/MAPK. Further research is warranted to assess the clinical utility of these data and to determine a potential role of combining lapatinib with MAPK pathway inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anna Niwińska
- The Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Istvan Lang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
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159
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Dükel M, Streitfeld WS, Tang TCC, Backman LRF, Ai L, May WS, Brown KD. The Breast Cancer Tumor Suppressor TRIM29 Is Expressed via ATM-dependent Signaling in Response to Hypoxia. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:21541-21552. [PMID: 27535224 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.730960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced ATM function has been linked to breast cancer risk, and the TRIM29 protein is an emerging breast cancer tumor suppressor. Here we show that, in cultured breast tumor and non-tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells, TRIM29 is up-regulated in response to hypoxic stress but not DNA damage. Hypoxia-induced up-regulation of TRIM29 is dependent upon ATM and HIF1α and occurs through increased transcription of the TRIM29 gene. Basal expression of TRIM29 is also down-regulated in cells expressing diminished levels of ATM, and findings suggest that this occurs through basal NF-κB activity as knockdown of the NF-κB subunit RelA suppresses TRIM29 abundance. We have previously shown that the activity of the TWIST1 oncogene is antagonized by TRIM29 and now show that TRIM29 is necessary to block the up-regulation of TWIST1 that occurs in response to hypoxic stress. This study establishes TRIM29 as a hypoxia-induced tumor suppressor gene and provides a novel molecular mechanism for ATM-dependent breast cancer suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzaffer Dükel
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - W Scott Streitfeld
- Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | | | | | - Lingbao Ai
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - W Stratford May
- Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Kevin D Brown
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
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160
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Havighorst A, Crossland J, Kiaris H. Peromyscus as a model of human disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 61:150-155. [PMID: 27375227 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Animals of the genus Peromyscus have been a particularly informative model for many areas of study, including behavior, evolution, anatomy, physiology and genetics. While their use in modeling human disease and pathology has been relatively restricted, certain qualities of Peromyscine mice may make them a good candidate for such studies. Pathophysiological conditions where Peromyscus may be of particular value involve aging, reactive oxygen species-associated pathologies, metabolism and detoxification, diabetes, and certain cancers. In this review article we will summarize pathological conditions where Peromyscus have been used effectively, we will discuss factors limiting the use of Peromyscus in studying pathology and we will indicate areas at which the use of this model may be of special value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Havighorst
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, SC, USA; Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, Office of Research, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Janet Crossland
- Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, Office of Research, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Hippokratis Kiaris
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, SC, USA; Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, Office of Research, University of South Carolina, SC, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
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161
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Morais-Santos F, Granja S, Miranda-Gonçalves V, Moreira AHJ, Queirós S, Vilaça JL, Schmitt FC, Longatto-Filho A, Paredes J, Baltazar F, Pinheiro C. Targeting lactate transport suppresses in vivo breast tumour growth. Oncotarget 2016. [PMID: 26203664 PMCID: PMC4662483 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most cancers, including breast cancer, have high rates of glucose consumption, associated with lactate production, a process referred as "Warburg effect". Acidification of the tumour microenvironment by lactate extrusion, performed by lactate transporters (MCTs), is associated with higher cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis and increased cell survival. Previously, we have described MCT1 up-regulation in breast carcinoma samples and demonstrated the importance of in vitro MCT inhibition. In this study, we performed siRNA knockdown of MCT1 and MCT4 in basal-like breast cancer cells in both normoxia and hypoxia conditions to validate the potential of lactate transport inhibition in breast cancer treatment. RESULTS The effect of MCT knockdown was evaluated on lactate efflux, proliferation, cell biomass, migration and invasion and induction of tumour xenografts in nude mice. MCT knockdown led to a decrease in in vitro tumour cell aggressiveness, with decreased lactate transport, cell proliferation, migration and invasion and, importantly, to an inhibition of in vivo tumour formation and growth. CONCLUSIONS This work supports MCTs as promising targets in cancer therapy, demonstrates the contribution of MCTs to cancer cell aggressiveness and, more importantly, shows, for the first time, the disruption of in vivo breast tumour growth by targeting lactate transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Morais-Santos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sara Granja
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Vera Miranda-Gonçalves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António H J Moreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sandro Queirós
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João L Vilaça
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,DIGARC - Technology School, Polytechnic Institute of Cávado and Ave, Barcelos, Portugal
| | - Fernando C Schmitt
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology and Medicine, Laboratoire National de Sante, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Adhemar Longatto-Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM-14), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joana Paredes
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Céline Pinheiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences, Dr. Paulo Prata - FACISB, Barretos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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162
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Lai F, Liu Q, Liu X, Ji M, Xie P, Chen X. LXY6090 - a novel manassantin A derivative - limits breast cancer growth through hypoxia-inducible factor-1 inhibition. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:3829-40. [PMID: 27445487 PMCID: PMC4928675 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s106925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) represents a novel antitumor target owing to its involvement in vital processes considered hallmarks of cancer phenotypes. Manassantin A (MA) derived from Saururus cernuus has been reported as a selective HIF-1 inhibitor. Herein, the structure of MA was optimized to achieve new derivatives with simple chemical properties while retaining its activity. LXY6090 was designed to replace the central tetrahydrofuran moiety of MA with a cyclopentane ring and was identified as a potent HIF-1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 4.11 nM. It not only inhibited the activity of HIF-1 in breast cancer cells but also downregulated the protein level of HIF-1α, which depended on von Hippel-Lindau for proteasome degradation. The related biological evaluation showed that the activity of HIF-1 target genes, VEGF and IGF-2, was decreased by LXY6090 in breast cancer cell lines. LXY6090 presented potent antitumor activity in vitro. Furthermore, LXY6090 showed in vivo anticancer efficacy by decreasing the HIF-1α expression in nude mice bearing MX-1 tumor xenografts. In conclusion, our data provide a basis for the future development of the novel compound LXY6090 as a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Pharmacochemistry, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Pharmacochemistry, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
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163
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HIFI-α activation underlies a functional switch in the paradoxical role of Ezh2/PRC2 in breast cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E3735-44. [PMID: 27303043 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1602079113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the established oncogenic function of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) in human cancers, its role as a tumor suppressor is also evident; however, the mechanism underlying the regulation of the paradoxical functions of PRC2 in tumorigenesis is poorly understood. Here we show that hypoxia-inducible factor 1, α-subunit (HIFI-α) is a crucial modulator of PRC2 and enhancer of zeste 2 (EZH2) function in breast cancer. Interrogating the genomic expression of breast cancer indicates high HIF1A activity correlated with high EZH2 expression but low PRC2 activity in triple-negative breast cancer compared with other cancer subtypes. In the absence of HIFIA activation, PRC2 represses the expression of matrix metalloproteinase genes (MMPs) and invasion, whereas a discrete Ezh2 complexed with Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) acts to promote the expression of MMPs. HIF1-α induction upon hypoxia results in PRC2 inactivation by selective suppression of the expression of suppressor of zeste 12 protein homolog (SUZ12) and embryonic ectoderm development (EED), leading to a functional switch toward Ezh2/FoxM1-dependent induction of the expression of MMPs and invasion. Our study suggests a tumor-suppressive function of PRC2, which is restricted by HIF1-α, and an oncogenic function of Ezh2, which cooperates with FoxM1 to promote invasion in triple-negative breast cancer.
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164
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Singh M, Mukundan S, Jaramillo M, Oesterreich S, Sant S. Three-Dimensional Breast Cancer Models Mimic Hallmarks of Size-Induced Tumor Progression. Cancer Res 2016; 76:3732-43. [PMID: 27216179 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-2304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor size is strongly correlated with breast cancer metastasis and patient survival. Increased tumor size contributes to hypoxic and metabolic gradients in the solid tumor and to an aggressive tumor phenotype. Thus, it is important to develop three-dimensional (3D) breast tumor models that recapitulate size-induced microenvironmental changes and, consequently, natural tumor progression in real time without the use of artificial culture conditions or gene manipulations. Here, we developed size-controlled multicellular aggregates ("microtumors") of subtype-specific breast cancer cells by using non-adhesive polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate hydrogel microwells of defined sizes (150-600 μm). These 3D microtumor models faithfully represent size-induced microenvironmental changes, such as hypoxic gradients, cellular heterogeneity, and spatial distribution of necrotic/proliferating cells. These microtumors acquire hallmarks of tumor progression in the same cell lines within 6 days. Of note, large microtumors of hormone receptor-positive cells exhibited an aggressive phenotype characterized by collective cell migration and upregulation of mesenchymal markers at mRNA and protein level, which was not observed in small microtumors. Interestingly, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines did not show size-dependent upregulation of mesenchymal markers. In conclusion, size-controlled microtumor models successfully recapitulated clinically observed positive association between tumor size and aggressive phenotype in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer while maintaining clinically proven poor correlation of tumor size with aggressive phenotype in TNBC. Such clinically relevant 3D models generated under controlled experimental conditions can serve as precise preclinical models to study mechanisms involved in breast tumor progression as well as antitumor drug effects as a function of tumor progression. Cancer Res; 76(13); 3732-43. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjulata Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shilpaa Mukundan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Maria Jaramillo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shilpa Sant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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165
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Truong AS, Lockett MR. Oxygen as a chemoattractant: confirming cellular hypoxia in paper-based invasion assays. Analyst 2016; 141:3874-82. [PMID: 27138213 DOI: 10.1039/c6an00630b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Low oxygen tension, or hypoxia, is a common occurrence in solid tumors. Hypoxia is a master regulator of cellular phenotype, and is associated with increased tumor invasion and aggressiveness as well as adverse patient prognosis. Oxygen has recently been linked with the selective movement of different cancer cell types in three-dimensional invasion assays utilizing paper-based scaffolds. It has remained unclear, however, if cells in these paper-based invasion assays are experiencing hypoxia. In this manuscript, we adapted cell-based methods to measure oxygen tension in our 3D invasion assays: the adduction of pimonidazole to free thiols in the cell, indicative of a reducing environment; the localization of hypoxia inducible factors to the nucleus; and the expression of hypoxia-regulated gene products. We utilized each method to compare the oxygen tension in different locations of the paper-based invasion stacks and found an oxygen gradient is indeed forming. Specifically, we found that the extent of pimonidazole binding, as well as the levels and activities of nucleus-localized HIF-α proteins, increase as the distance between the cells and the source of fresh medium increases. These complementary cell-based readouts not only confirm the selective invasion we observe is due to an oxygen gradient, they also show the gradient is temporal in nature and evolves with increasing culture period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Truong
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, 125 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA
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166
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Shi C, Wu JB, Pan D. Review on near-infrared heptamethine cyanine dyes as theranostic agents for tumor imaging, targeting, and photodynamic therapy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:50901. [PMID: 27165449 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.5.050901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A class of near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) heptamethine cyanine dyes that are taken up and accumulated specifically in cancer cells without chemical conjugation have recently emerged as promising tools for tumor imaging and targeting. In addition to their fluorescence and nuclear imaging-based tumor-imaging properties, these dyes can be developed as drug carriers to safely deliver chemotherapy drugs to tumors. They can also be used as effective agents for photodynamic therapy with remarkable tumoricidal activity via photodependent cytotoxic activity. The preferential uptake of dyes into cancer but not normal cells is co-operatively mediated by the prevailing activation of a group of organic anion-transporting polypeptides on cancer cell membranes, as well as tumor hypoxia and increased mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer cells. Such mechanistic explorations have greatly advanced the current application and future development of NIRF dyes and their derivatives as anticancer theranostic agents. This review summarizes current knowledge and emerging advances in NIRF dyes, including molecular characterization, photophysical properties, multimodal development and uptake mechanisms, and their growing potential for preclinical and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Shi
- Fourth Military Medical University, Laboratory Animal Center, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jason Boyang Wu
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Dongfeng Pan
- University of Virginia, Department of Radiology, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
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167
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Abstract
Cancer poses a serious health problem in society and is increasingly surpassing cardiovascular disease as the leading cause of mortality in the United States. Current therapeutic strategies for cancer are extreme and harsh to patients and often have limited success; the danger of cancer is intensified as it metastasizes to secondary locations such as lung, bone, and liver, posing a dire threat to patient treatment and survival. Hedgehog signaling is an important pathway for normal development. Initially identified in Drosophila, the vertebrate and mammalian equivalent of the pathway has been studied extensively for its role in cancer development and progression. As this pathway regulates key target genes involved in development, its action also allows for the modulation of the microenvironment to prepare a tumor-suitable niche by manipulating tumor cell growth, differentiation, and immune regulation, thus creating an enabling environment for progression and metastasis. In this review, we will summarize recent scientific discoveries reporting the impact of the Hedgehog signaling pathway on the tumor initiation process and metastatic cascade, shedding light on the ability of the tumor to take over a mechanism crucially intended for development and normal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Hanna
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Wallace Tumor Institute 320D, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, 35233, Alabama, USA
| | - Lalita A Shevde
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Wallace Tumor Institute 320D, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, 35233, Alabama, USA.
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168
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Hanna A, Shevde LA. Hedgehog signaling: modulation of cancer properies and tumor mircroenvironment. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:24. [PMID: 26988232 PMCID: PMC4797362 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer poses a serious health problem in society and is increasingly surpassing cardiovascular disease as the leading cause of mortality in the United States. Current therapeutic strategies for cancer are extreme and harsh to patients and often have limited success; the danger of cancer is intensified as it metastasizes to secondary locations such as lung, bone, and liver, posing a dire threat to patient treatment and survival. Hedgehog signaling is an important pathway for normal development. Initially identified in Drosophila, the vertebrate and mammalian equivalent of the pathway has been studied extensively for its role in cancer development and progression. As this pathway regulates key target genes involved in development, its action also allows for the modulation of the microenvironment to prepare a tumor-suitable niche by manipulating tumor cell growth, differentiation, and immune regulation, thus creating an enabling environment for progression and metastasis. In this review, we will summarize recent scientific discoveries reporting the impact of the Hedgehog signaling pathway on the tumor initiation process and metastatic cascade, shedding light on the ability of the tumor to take over a mechanism crucially intended for development and normal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Hanna
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Wallace Tumor Institute 320D, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, 35233, Alabama, USA
| | - Lalita A Shevde
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Wallace Tumor Institute 320D, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, 35233, Alabama, USA.
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169
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The Mechanism of Adaptation of Breast Cancer Cells to Hypoxia: Role of AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 160:555-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3217-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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170
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Brugnoli F, Grassilli S, Al-Qassab Y, Capitani S, Bertagnolo V. PLC-β2 is modulated by low oxygen availability in breast tumor cells and plays a phenotype dependent role in their hypoxia-related malignant potential. Mol Carcinog 2016; 55:2210-2221. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Brugnoli
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Silvia Grassilli
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Yasamin Al-Qassab
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine; University of Baghdad; Baghdad Iraq
| | - Silvano Capitani
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
- LTTA Centre; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Valeria Bertagnolo
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
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171
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Cox TR, Gartland A, Erler JT. Lysyl Oxidase, a Targetable Secreted Molecule Involved in Cancer Metastasis. Cancer Res 2016; 76:188-92. [PMID: 26732355 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-2306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Secondary metastatic cancer remains the single biggest cause of mortality and morbidity across most solid tumors. In breast cancer, 100% of deaths are attributed to metastasis. At present, there are no "cures" for secondary metastatic cancer of any form and there is an urgent unmet clinical need to improve the tools available in our arsenal against this disease, both in terms of treatment, but also prevention. Recently, we showed that hypoxic induction of the extracellular matrix modifying enzyme lysyl oxidase (LOX) correlates with metastatic dissemination to the bone in estrogen receptor negative breast cancer and is essential for the formation of premetastatic osteolytic lesions. We showed that in models of breast cancer metastasis, targeting LOX, or its downstream effects, significantly inhibited premetastatic niche formation and the resulting metastatic burden, offering preclinical validation of this enzyme as a therapeutic target for metastatic breast cancer. Our work is the latest in an emerging body of work supporting the targeting of LOX and calls for greater efforts in developing therapeutics against this extracellular secreted factor in the prevention of cancer progression across multiple solid tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Cox
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen (UCPH), Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Alison Gartland
- The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Janine T Erler
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen (UCPH), Copenhagen, Denmark
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172
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Dragowska WH, Ginj M, Kozlowski P, Yung A, Ruth TJ, Adam MJ, Sossi V, Bally MB, Yapp DTT. Overexpression of HER-2 in MDA-MB-435/LCC6 Tumours is Associated with Higher Metabolic Activity and Lower Energy Stress. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18537. [PMID: 26727049 PMCID: PMC4698760 DOI: 10.1038/srep18537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpresssion of HER-2 in the MDA-MB-435/LCC6 (LCC6HER-2) tumour model is associated with significantly increased hypoxia and reduced necrosis compared to isogenic control tumours (LCC6Vector); this difference was not related to tumour size or changes in vascular architecture. To further evaluate factors responsible for HER-2-associated changes in the tumour microenvironment, small animal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) were used to measure tumour tissue perfusion and metabolism, respectively. The imaging data was further corroborated by analysis of molecular markers pertaining to energy homeostasis, and measurements of hypoxia and glucose consumption. The results showed a strong trend towards higher perfusion rates (~58% greater, p = 0.14), and significantly higher glucose uptake in LCC6HER-2 (~2-fold greater; p = 0.025), relative to control tumours. The expression of proteins related to energy stress (P-AMPK, P-ACC) and glucose transporters (GLUT1) were lower in LCC6HER-2 tumours (~2- and ~4-fold, respectively). The in vitro analysis showed that LCC6HER-2 cells become more hypoxic in 1% oxygen and utilise significantly more glucose in normoxia compared to LCC6Vectorcells (p < 0.005). Amalgamation of all the data points suggests a novel metabolic adaptation driven by HER-2 overexpression where higher oxygen and glucose metabolic rates produce rich energy supply but also a more hypoxic tumour mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wieslawa H Dragowska
- The Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The BC Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - Mihaela Ginj
- The Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth St., Toronto, Ont Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Piotr Kozlowski
- The High Field MRI Centre at UBC, University of British Columbia, 2221 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 2B5
| | - Andrew Yung
- The High Field MRI Centre at UBC, University of British Columbia, 2221 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 2B5
| | - Thomas J Ruth
- The TRI-University Meson Facility (TRIUMF), 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 2A3
| | - Michael J Adam
- The TRI-University Meson Facility (TRIUMF), 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 2A3
| | - Vesna Sossi
- The Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Marcel B Bally
- The Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The BC Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3.,The Faculty of Pathology and Laboratory Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 2B5
| | - Donald T T Yapp
- The Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The BC Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3.,The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z3
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173
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Mohammed MK, Shao C, Luu HH, Haydon RC. Opening the LOX to bone metastasis: The role of secreted lysyl oxidase in skeletal recurrence of breast cancers. Genes Dis 2015; 2:288-290. [PMID: 28529966 PMCID: PMC5436798 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam K Mohammed
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Connie Shao
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hue H Luu
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rex C Haydon
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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174
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Danhier P, Krishnamachary B, Bharti S, Kakkad S, Mironchik Y, Bhujwalla ZM. Combining Optical Reporter Proteins with Different Half-lives to Detect Temporal Evolution of Hypoxia and Reoxygenation in Tumors. Neoplasia 2015; 17:871-881. [PMID: 26696369 PMCID: PMC4688563 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Here we have developed a hypoxia response element driven imaging strategy that combined the hypoxia-driven expression of two optical reporters with different half-lives to detect temporal changes in hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) activity. For this purpose, human prostate cancer PC3 cells were transfected with the luciferase gene fused with an oxygen-dependent degradation domain (ODD-luc) and a variant of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Both ODD-luciferase and EGFP were under the promotion of a poly-hypoxia-response element sequence (5xHRE). The cells constitutively expressed tdTomato red fluorescent protein. For validating the imaging strategy, cells were incubated under hypoxia (1% O2) for 48 hours and then reoxygenated. The luciferase activity of PC3-HRE-EGFP/HRE-ODD-luc/tdtomato cells detected by bioluminescent imaging rapidly decreased after reoxygenation, whereas EGFP levels in these cells remained stable for several hours. After in vitro validation, PC3-HRE-EGFP/HRE-ODD-luc/tdtomato tumors were implanted subcutaneously and orthotopically in nude male mice and imaged in vivo and ex vivo using optical imaging in proof-of-principle studies to demonstrate differences in optical patterns between EGFP expression and bioluminescence. This novel "timer" imaging strategy of combining the short-lived ODD-luciferase and the long-lived EGFP can provide a time frame of HRE activation in PC3 prostate cancer cells and will be useful to understand the temporal changes in hypoxia and HIF activity during cancer progression and following treatments including HIF targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Danhier
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Balaji Krishnamachary
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Santosh Bharti
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Samata Kakkad
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yelena Mironchik
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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175
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Ravenna L, Salvatori L, Russo MA. HIF3α: the little we know. FEBS J 2015; 283:993-1003. [PMID: 26507580 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are key regulators of the transcriptional response to hypoxic stress. Three inducible isoforms of HIF are present in mammals. HIF1α and HIF2α are the best characterized and structurally similar isoforms, while HIF3α is the most distantly related and is less studied. The HIF3α gene undergoes complex regulation and produces a large number of long and short mRNA splice variants, which are translated into different polypeptides. These molecules primarily act as negative regulators of HIF1α and HIF2α activity and transcriptional activators of target genes, according to the variant and the biological context. The present review provides an overview of the available, fragmented and sometimes contradictory information concerning the structure, expression and distinct roles of the HIF3α variants, in both hypoxic adaptation and in hypoxia-unrelated activities. The pathological consequences of HIF3α deregulation are also illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ravenna
- CNR, Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Salvatori
- CNR, Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo A Russo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Consorzio MEBIC, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
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176
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Kenney RM, Boyce MW, Truong AS, Bagnell CR, Lockett MR. Real-time imaging of cancer cell chemotaxis in paper-based scaffolds. Analyst 2015; 141:661-8. [PMID: 26548584 DOI: 10.1039/c5an01787d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cellular migration is the movement of cells, cultured as a monolayer; cellular invasion is similar to migration, but requires the cells to move through a three-dimensional material such as basement membrane extract or a synthetic hydrogel. Migration assays, such as the transwell assay, are widely used to study cellular movement because they are amenable to high-throughput screens with minimal experimental setup. These assays offer limited information about cellular responses to gradients in vivo because they oversimplify the threedimensional (3D) environment of a tissue. There are a number of invasion assays that support 3D cultures, some of which provide experimental control over the spatial and temporal gradients imparted on the culture. These assays, in their current form, are difficult to setup and maintain, and often require specialized laboratory equipment or engineering expertise. Here we describe a paper-based invasion assay in which cellular movement can be monitored in real-time with fluorescence microscopy. These assays are easily prepared and utilize materials commonly found in any laboratory: a single sheet of paper. These sheets are wax patterned to contain channels in which cells suspended in a hydrogel are seeded and cultured. Cell-containing sheets of paper are placed in a custom-built holder that allows gradients to form along the length of the channels. In this work, we compare the invasion of cells cultured in the presence and absence of an oxygen gradient. Our result support previous findings that oxygen is a chemoattractant, and selectively directs cellular movement in a 3D culture environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Kenney
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, 125 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA
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177
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Xiang L, Gilkes DM, Hu H, Takano N, Luo W, Lu H, Bullen JW, Samanta D, Liang H, Semenza GL. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 mediates TAZ expression and nuclear localization to induce the breast cancer stem cell phenotype. Oncotarget 2015; 5:12509-27. [PMID: 25587023 PMCID: PMC4350363 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral hypoxia, which is associated with breast cancer metastasis and patient mortality, increases the percentage of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) but the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been delineated. Here we report that hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) triggers the expression and activity of TAZ, a transcriptional co-activator that is required for BCSC maintenance, through two discrete mechanisms. First, HIF-1 binds directly to the WWTR1 gene and activates transcription of TAZ mRNA. Second, HIF-1 activates transcription of the SIAH1 gene, which encodes a ubiquitin protein ligase that is required for the hypoxia-induced ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation of LATS2, a kinase that inhibits the nuclear localization of TAZ. Inhibition of HIF-1α, TAZ, or SIAH1 expression by short hairpin RNA blocked the enrichment of BCSCs in response to hypoxia. Human breast cancer database analysis revealed that increased expression (greater than the median) of both TAZ and HIF-1 target genes, but neither one alone, is associated with significantly increased patient mortality. Taken together, these results establish a molecular mechanism for induction of the BCSC phenotype in response to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Xiang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China. Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Daniele M Gilkes
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hongxia Hu
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Naoharu Takano
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Weibo Luo
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Haiquan Lu
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - John W Bullen
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Debangshu Samanta
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Houjie Liang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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178
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Arnason T, Harkness T. Development, Maintenance, and Reversal of Multiple Drug Resistance: At the Crossroads of TFPI1, ABC Transporters, and HIF1. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:2063-82. [PMID: 26501324 PMCID: PMC4695877 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7040877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection and improved therapies for many cancers are enhancing survival rates. Although many cytotoxic therapies are approved for aggressive or metastatic cancer; response rates are low and acquisition of de novo resistance is virtually universal. For decades; chemotherapeutic treatments for cancer have included anthracyclines such as Doxorubicin (DOX); and its use in aggressive tumors appears to remain a viable option; but drug resistance arises against DOX; as for all other classes of compounds. Our recent work suggests the anticoagulant protein Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 1α (TFPI1α) plays a role in driving the development of multiple drug resistance (MDR); but not maintenance; of the MDR state. Other factors; such as the ABC transporter drug efflux pumps MDR-1/P-gp (ABCB1) and BCRP (ABCG2); are required for MDR maintenance; as well as development. The patient population struggling with therapeutic resistance specifically requires novel treatment options to resensitize these tumor cells to therapy. In this review we discuss the development, maintenance, and reversal of MDR as three distinct phases of cancer biology. Possible means to exploit these stages to reverse MDR will be explored. Early molecular detection of MDR cancers before clinical failure has the potential to offer new approaches to fighting MDR cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terra Arnason
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+1-306-844-1119; Fax: +1-306-844-1512
| | - Troy Harkness
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada;
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179
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Rainville N, Jachimowicz E, Wojchowski DM. Targeting EPO and EPO receptor pathways in anemia and dysregulated erythropoiesis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 20:287-301. [PMID: 26419263 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1090975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) is a first-line therapeutic for the anemia of chronic kidney disease, cancer chemotherapy, AIDS (Zidovudine therapy), and lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. However, rhEPO frequently elevates hypertension, is costly, and may affect cancer progression. Potentially high merit therefore exists for defining new targets for anti-anemia agents within erythropoietin (EPO) and EPO receptor (EPOR) regulatory circuits. AREAS COVERED EPO production by renal interstitial fibroblasts is subject to modulation by several regulators of hypoxia-inducible factor 2a (HIF2a) including Iron Response Protein-1, prolyl hydroxylases, and HIF2a acetylases, each of which holds potential as anti-anemia drug targets. The cell surface receptor for EPO (EPOR) preassembles as a homodimer, together with Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2), and therefore it remains attractive to develop novel agents that trigger EPOR complex activation (activating antibodies, mimetics, small-molecule agonists). Additionally, certain downstream transducers of EPOR/JAK2 signaling may be druggable, including Erythroferrone (a hepcidin regulator), a cytoprotective Spi2a serpin, and select EPOR-associated protein tyrosine phosphatases. EXPERT OPINION While rhEPO (and biosimilars) are presently important mainstay erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), impetus exists for studies of novel ESAs that fortify HIF2a's effects, act as EPOR agonists, and/or bolster select downstream EPOR pathways to erythroid cell formation. Such agents could lessen rhEPO dosing, side effects, and/or costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Rainville
- a 1 Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Molecular Medicine Division , Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Edward Jachimowicz
- a 1 Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Molecular Medicine Division , Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Don M Wojchowski
- a 1 Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Molecular Medicine Division , Scarborough, ME, USA.,b 2 Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston, MA, USA.,c 3 Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center of Excellence in Stem & Progenitor Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Scarborough, ME 04074, USA ; .,d 4 Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston, MA, USA
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180
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Wang JZ, Li L, Pan LL, Chen JH. Hypnosis and music interventions (HMIs) inactivate HIF-1: A potential curative efficacy for cancers and hypertension. Med Hypotheses 2015. [PMID: 26206760 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypnosis and music interventions (HMIs) have shown positive influence on cancers for nearly 200years, but the underlying mechanisms were rarely explored systematically. The hypothesis suggests a potential curative efficacy of HMIs on cancers by inhibiting hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which is a key mediator of cancer development, especially under hypoxic conditions. HMIs are sufficient to attenuate the pain and anxiety degree of individuals, improve multiple psychological and physiological parameters, and consequently, lead to increased oxygen saturation in vivo. Furthermore, abundant oxygen in vivo inhibits the activation of HIF-1 and potentially blockades kinds of HIF-1-induced oncogenic signaling pathways. The hypothesized efficacy of HMIs is very similar to anti-cancer medicines targeting HIF-1. The implication of the hypothesis in preventing hypertension is also discussed. In summary, the hypothesis clearly suggests the potential involvement of the convenient, safe, non-pharmaceutical, and low-cost HMIs in preventing HIF-1-mediated diseases, including cancers and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Zhang Wang
- Department of Medical Technology, Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, PR China.
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, PR China
| | - Li-Lan Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Department of Medical Technology, Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, PR China
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181
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Validation of Perfusion Quantification with 3D Gradient Echo Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using a Blood Pool Contrast Agent in Skeletal Swine Muscle. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128060. [PMID: 26061498 PMCID: PMC4465215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to validate perfusion quantification in a low-perfused tissue by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) with shared k-space sampling using a blood pool contrast agent. Perfusion measurements were performed in a total of seven female pigs. An ultrasonic Doppler probe was attached to the right femoral artery to determine total flow in the hind leg musculature. The femoral artery was catheterized for continuous local administration of adenosine to increase blood flow up to four times the baseline level. Three different stable perfusion levels were induced. The MR protocol included a 3D gradient-echo sequence with a temporal resolution of approximately 1.5 seconds. Before each dynamic sequence, static MR images were acquired with flip angles of 5°, 10°, 20°, and 30°. Both static and dynamic images were used to generate relaxation rate and baseline magnetization maps with a flip angle method. 0.1 mL/kg body weight of blood pool contrast medium was injected via a central venous catheter at a flow rate of 5 mL/s. The right hind leg was segmented in 3D into medial, cranial, lateral, and pelvic thigh muscles, lower leg, bones, skin, and fat. The arterial input function (AIF) was measured in the aorta. Perfusion of the different anatomic regions was calculated using a one- and a two-compartment model with delay- and dispersion-corrected AIFs. The F-test for model comparison was used to decide whether to use the results of the one- or two-compartment model fit. Total flow was calculated by integrating volume-weighted perfusion values over the whole measured region. The resulting values of delay, dispersion, blood volume, mean transit time, and flow were all in physiologically and physically reasonable ranges. In 107 of 160 ROIs, the blood signal was separated, using a two-compartment model, into a capillary and an arteriolar signal contribution, decided by the F-test. Overall flow in hind leg muscles, as measured by the ultrasound probe, highly correlated with total flow determined by MRI, R = 0.89 and P = 10−7. Linear regression yielded a slope of 1.2 and a y-axis intercept of 259 mL/min. The mean total volume of the investigated muscle tissue corresponds to an offset perfusion of 4.7mL/(min ⋅ 100cm3). The DCE-MRI technique presented here uses a blood pool contrast medium in combination with a two-compartment tracer kinetic model and allows absolute quantification of low-perfused non-cerebral organs such as muscles.
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182
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Affiliation(s)
- Neta Erez
- Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978 Israel
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183
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Cota-Ruiz K, Peregrino-Uriarte AB, Felix-Portillo M, Martínez-Quintana JA, Yepiz-Plascencia G. Expression of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase and phosphofructokinase is induced in hepatopancreas of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei by hypoxia. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 106:1-9. [PMID: 25725474 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Marine organisms are exposed to hypoxia in natural ecosystems and during farming. In these circumstances marine shrimp survive and synthesize ATP by anaerobic metabolism. Phosphofructokinase (PFK) and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP) are key enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism. Here we report the cDNA of FBP from the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei hepatopancreas and expression of PFK and FBP under normoxia and hypoxia. Hypoxia induces PFK and FBP expression in hepatopancreas but not in gills and muscle. Induction in hepatopancreas of the glycolytic and gluconeogenic key enzymes, PFK and FBP, suggests that PFK could be a key factor for increasing anaerobic rate, while FBP is probably involved in the activation of gluconeogenesis or the pentose-phosphates pathway during hypoxia in the highly active metabolism of hepatopancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keni Cota-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., P.O. Box 1735, Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km. 0.6 Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico
| | - Alma B Peregrino-Uriarte
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., P.O. Box 1735, Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km. 0.6 Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico
| | - Monserrath Felix-Portillo
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., P.O. Box 1735, Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km. 0.6 Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico
| | - José A Martínez-Quintana
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., P.O. Box 1735, Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km. 0.6 Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico
| | - Gloria Yepiz-Plascencia
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., P.O. Box 1735, Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km. 0.6 Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico.
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184
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Yang W, Zou L, Huang C, Lei Y. Redox regulation of cancer metastasis: molecular signaling and therapeutic opportunities. Drug Dev Res 2015; 75:331-41. [PMID: 25160073 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related mortality. Accumulated evidence has shown that high-metastasis potential cancer cells have more reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation compared with low-metastasis potential cancer cells. ROS can function as second messengers to regulate multiple cancer metastasis-related signaling pathways via reversible oxidative posttranslational modifications of cysteine in key redox-sensitive proteins, which leads to the structural and functional change of these proteins. Because ROS can promote cancer metastasis, therapeutic strategies aiming at inducing/reducing cellular ROS level or targeting redox sensors involved in metastasis hold great potential in developing new efficient approaches for anticancer therapy. In this review, we summarize recent findings on regulation of tumor metastasis by key redox sensors and describe the potential of targeting redox signaling pathways for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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185
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Chen S, Zhang M, Xing L, Wang Y, Xiao Y, Wu Y. HIF-1α contributes to proliferation and invasiveness of neuroblastoma cells via SHH signaling. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121115. [PMID: 25811359 PMCID: PMC4374675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of neuroblastoma (NB) cells and the mechanisms involved. We here initially used the real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR), Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect the expression of HIF-1α and components of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway in NB cells and human specimens. Subsequently, cell proliferation, migration and invasion were analyzed using the cell counting assay, wound healing assay and Transwell system in two types of human NB cell lines, SH-SY5Y and IMR32. In addition, the role of HIF-1α in NB cells growth was determined in a xenograft nude mouse model. We found that the level of HIF-1α was significantly upregulated during NB progression and was associated with the expression of two components of SHH signaling, SHH and GLI1. We next indicated that the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of SH-SY5Y and IMR32 cells were significantly inhibited by HIF-1α knockdown, which was mediated by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting against its mRNA. Furthermore, the growth of NB cells in vivo was also suppressed by HIF-1α inhibition. Finally, the pro-migration and proliferative effects of HIF-1α could be reversed by disrupting SHH signaling. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that upregulation of HIF-1α in NB promotes proliferation, migration and invasiveness via SHH signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Xing
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongtao Xiao
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yeming Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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186
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Li J, Zhang C, Jiang H, Cheng J. Andrographolide inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor-1 through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway and suppresses breast cancer growth. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:427-35. [PMID: 25709476 PMCID: PMC4335622 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s76116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a master regulator of the transcriptional response to hypoxia. HIF-1α is one of the most compelling anticancer targets. Andrographolide (Andro) was newly identified to inhibit HIF-1 in T47D cells (a half maximal effective concentration [EC50] of 1.03×10−7 mol/L), by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. It suppressed HIF-1α protein and gene accumulation, which was dependent on the inhibition of upstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway. It also abrogated the expression of HIF-1 target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene and protein. Further, Andro inhibited T47D and MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and colony formation. In addition, it exhibited significant in vivo efficacy and antitumor potential against the MDA-MB-231 xenograft in nude mice. In conclusion, these results highlighted the potential effects of Andro, which inhibits HIF-1, and hence may be developed as an antitumor agent for breast cancer therapy in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchuan Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Cheng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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187
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First trimester human placental factors induce breast cancer cell autophagy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 149:645-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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188
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Maroni P, Matteucci E, Drago L, Banfi G, Bendinelli P, Desiderio MA. RETRACTED: Hypoxia induced E-cadherin involving regulators of Hippo pathway due to HIF-1α stabilization/nuclear translocation in bone metastasis from breast carcinoma. Exp Cell Res 2015; 330:287-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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189
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Li J, Zhang G, Wang X, Li XF. Is carbonic anhydrase IX a validated target for molecular imaging of cancer and hypoxia? Future Oncol 2015; 11:1531-41. [PMID: 25963430 PMCID: PMC4976829 DOI: 10.2217/fon.15.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of hypoxia is a general feature of most solid malignancies, and hypoxia is considered as one of major factors for anticancer therapy failure. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) has been reported to be an endogenous hypoxia marker, CAIX monoclonal antibodies, their segments and inhibitors are developed for CAIX imaging. However, growing evidence indicates that CAIX expression under hypoxia condition may be cancer cell lines or cancer-type dependent. Here we review the current literature on CAIX and discuss the advantage and limitation of CAIX as a target for tumor hypoxia imaging. Accordingly, CAIX would be unreliable as a universal target for cancer and tumor hypoxia visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Louisville, 530 S Jackson Street, CCB-C07, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Guojian Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Louisville, 530 S Jackson Street, CCB-C07, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Louisville, 530 S Jackson Street, CCB-C07, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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190
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Hypoxia-inducible factors are required for chemotherapy resistance of breast cancer stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:E5429-38. [PMID: 25453096 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1421438111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are defined by the lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression, and are treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy such as paclitaxel or gemcitabine, with a durable response rate of less than 20%. TNBCs are enriched for the basal subtype gene expression profile and the presence of breast cancer stem cells, which are endowed with self-renewing and tumor-initiating properties and resistance to chemotherapy. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and their target gene products are highly active in TNBCs. Here, we demonstrate that HIF expression and transcriptional activity are induced by treatment of MDA-MB-231, SUM-149, and SUM-159, which are human TNBC cell lines, as well as MCF-7, which is an ER(+)/PR(+) breast cancer line, with paclitaxel or gemcitabine. Chemotherapy-induced HIF activity enriched the breast cancer stem cell population through interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 signaling and increased expression of multidrug resistance 1. Coadministration of HIF inhibitors overcame the resistance of breast cancer stem cells to paclitaxel or gemcitabine, both in vitro and in vivo, leading to tumor eradication. Increased expression of HIF-1α or HIF target genes in breast cancer biopsies was associated with decreased overall survival, particularly in patients with basal subtype tumors and those treated with chemotherapy alone. Based on these results, clinical trials are warranted to test whether treatment of patients with TNBC with a combination of cytotoxic chemotherapy and HIF inhibitors will improve patient survival.
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191
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Guan G, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Liu L, Shi D, Wen Y, Yang L, Ma Q, Liu T, Zhu X, Qiu X, Zhou Y. The HIF-1α/CXCR4 pathway supports hypoxia-induced metastasis of human osteosarcoma cells. Cancer Lett 2014; 357:254-264. [PMID: 25444927 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
HIF-1α mediates hypoxia-induced expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and contributes to metastasis in many different cancers. We have previously shown that hypoxia promotes migration of human osteosarcoma cells by activating the HIF-1α/CXCR4 pathway. Here, immunohistochemical analysis showed that unlike control osteochondroma samples, osteosarcoma specimens were characterized by elevated expression levels of HIF-1α and CXCR4. Moreover, we found that hypoxia-induced invasiveness was more pronounced in high metastatic potential F5M2 osteosarcoma cells than in low metastatic potential F4 cells, and that this induction was sensitive to treatment with the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 and the HIF-1α inhibitor KC7F2. Interestingly, hypoxia-induced CXCR4 expression persisted after cultured osteosarcoma cells were returned to normoxic conditions. These observations were confirmed by experiments in a mouse model of osteosarcoma lung metastasis showing that hypoxia stimulation of pulmonary metastasis was greater in F5M2 than in F4 cells, and was sensitive to treatment with AMD3100. Our study provides further evidence of the contributions of hypoxia and the HIF-1α/CXCR4 pathway to the progression of osteosarcoma, and suggests that this axis might be efficiently leveraged in the development of novel osteosarcoma therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Guan
- Orthopaedic Oncology Institute, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Yinglong Zhang
- Orthopaedic Oncology Institute, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Orthopaedic Oncology Institute, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Doufei Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, China
| | - Yanhua Wen
- Orthopaedic Oncology Institute, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Lianjia Yang
- Orthopaedic Oncology Institute, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Qiong Ma
- Orthopaedic Oncology Institute, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Orthopaedic Oncology Institute, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Microsurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, China.
| | - Xiuchun Qiu
- Orthopaedic Oncology Institute, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China.
| | - Yong Zhou
- Orthopaedic Oncology Institute, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China.
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192
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The single N-glycan deletion mutant of soluble ErbB3 protein attenuates heregulin β1-induced tumor progression by blocking of the HIF-1 and Nrf2 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 454:364-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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193
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Zhu H, Wang D, Zhang L, Xie X, Wu Y, Liu Y, Shao G, Su Z. Upregulation of autophagy by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α promotes EMT and metastatic ability of CD133+ pancreatic cancer stem-like cells during intermittent hypoxia. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:935-42. [PMID: 24994549 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) facilitates the escape of pancreatic cancer cells from the primary tumor site, which is a key early event in metastasis. In the present study, we examined if intermittent hypoxia facilitates the invasiveness of human pancreatic cancer cell lines (Panc-1 and BxPC-3) by Transwell assay. We used western blotting and flow cytometry analysis to quantify stem-like cells in the migratory cells during intermittent hypoxia in the human pancreatic cancer cells. Under normoxia or intermittent hypoxia, the expression of autophagy-related proteins (LC3-II and Beclin), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and EMT-related markers (E-cadherin, Vimentin and N-cadherin) was examined by western blotting. siRNA and the autophagic inhibitor were used to access the role of HIF-1α and autophagy in promoting metastasis and EMT. Under intermittent hypoxia, pancreatic cancer cells demonstrated enhanced invasive ability and enriched stem-like cells. The migratory cells displayed stem-like cell characteristics and elevated the expression of LC3-II and Beclin-1, HIF-1α, E-cadherin, Vimentin and N-cadherin under intermittent hypoxia conditions. Moreover, enhanced autophagy was induced by the elevated level of HIF-1α. The metastatic ability and EMT of pancreatic cancer stem cells was associated with HIF-1α and autophagy. This novel finding may indicate the specific role of HIF-1α and autophagy in promoting the metastatic ability of pancreatic cancer stem cells. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of developing therapeutic strategies targeting cancer stem cells and autophagy to reduce metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Dongqing Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Department of Center Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Genbao Shao
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
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194
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Hypoxia-inducible factors and RAB22A mediate formation of microvesicles that stimulate breast cancer invasion and metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:E3234-42. [PMID: 24938788 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1410041111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles such as exosomes and microvesicles (MVs) are shed by cancer cells, are detected in the plasma of cancer patients, and promote cancer progression, but the molecular mechanisms regulating their production are not well understood. Intratumoral hypoxia is common in advanced breast cancers and is associated with an increased risk of metastasis and patient mortality that is mediated in part by the activation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). In this paper, we report that exposure of human breast cancer cells to hypoxia augments MV shedding that is mediated by the HIF-dependent expression of the small GTPase RAB22A, which colocalizes with budding MVs at the cell surface. Incubation of naïve breast cancer cells with MVs shed by hypoxic breast cancer cells promotes focal adhesion formation, invasion, and metastasis. In breast cancer patients, RAB22A mRNA overexpression in the primary tumor is associated with decreased overall and metastasis-free survival and, in an orthotopic mouse model, RAB22A knockdown impairs breast cancer metastasis.
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195
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Abstract
Of the deaths attributed to cancer, 90% are due to metastasis, and treatments that prevent or cure metastasis remain elusive. Emerging data indicate that hypoxia and the extracellular matrix (ECM) might have crucial roles in metastasis. During tumour evolution, changes in the composition and the overall content of the ECM reflect both its biophysical and biological properties and these strongly influence tumour and stromal cell properties, such as proliferation and motility. Originally thought of as independent contributors to metastatic spread, recent studies have established a direct link between hypoxia and the composition and the organization of the ECM, which suggests a new model in which multiple microenvironmental signals might converge to synergistically influence metastatic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele M Gilkes
- 1] Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. [2] Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- 1] Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. [2] Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA. [3] Departments of Pediatrics, Oncology, Medicine, Radiation Oncology and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Denis Wirtz
- 1] Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA. [2] Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA. [3] Departments of Oncology and Pathology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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196
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Li S, Li Q. Cancer stem cells and tumor metastasis (Review). Int J Oncol 2014; 44:1806-12. [PMID: 24691919 PMCID: PMC4063536 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that tumors can induce angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, which plays an important role in promoting hematogenous and lymphogenous spread. In recent years, the cancer stem cell (CSC) theory has emerged as an attractive hypothesis for tumor development and progression. The theory proposes that one small subset of cancer cells has the characteristics of stem cells. These CSCs have the capability of both self-renewal and differentiation into diverse cancer cells, which play a decisive role in maintaining capacity for malignant proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and tumor recurrence. CSCs are involved in tumor metastasis, however, the details, and the possible relationship of CSCs, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and tumor metastasis is still ambiguous. The aim of this report is to summarize current studies of CSCs and tumor metastasis at the cellular level, with the goal of bringing new insights into understanding the role of CSCs in tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- The Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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197
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Bendinelli P, Maroni P, Matteucci E, Luzzati A, Perrucchini G, Desiderio MA. Microenvironmental stimuli affect Endothelin-1 signaling responsible for invasiveness and osteomimicry of bone metastasis from breast cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1843:815-26. [PMID: 24373848 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to clarify the function(s) of Endothelin-1 and its receptors ETAR and ETBR in osteolytic-bone metastasis from breast cancer, and their regulation by hepatocyte and transforming growth factors (HGF, TGF-β) and hypoxia. The aim was to evaluate the adaptability of bone metastasis to microenvironmental stimuli through Endothelin-1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), or the reverse process MET, and through osteomimicry possible key features for bone colonization. We compared low (MCF-7) and high (MDA-MB231) invasive-breast carcinoma cells, and 1833-bone metastatic clone, with human pair-matched primary breast-carcinomas and bone metastases. Parental MDA-MB231 and the derived 1833-clone responded oppositely to the stimuli. In 1833 cells, TGF-β and hypoxia increased Endothelin-1 release, altogether reducing invasiveness important for engraftment, while Endothelin-1 enhanced MDA-MB231 cell invasiveness. The Endothelin-1-autocrine loop contributed to the cooperation of intracellular-signaling pathways and extracellular stimuli triggering MET in 1833 cells, and EMT in MDA-MB231 cells. Only in 1833 cells, HGF negatively influenced transactivation and release of Endothelin-1, suggesting a temporal sequence of these stimuli with an initial role of HGF-triggered Wnt/β-catenin pathway in metastatization. Then, Endothelin-1/ETAR conferred MET and osteomimetic phenotypes, with Runt-related transcription factor 2 activation and metalloproteinase 9 expression, contributing to colonization and osteolysis. Findings with human pair-matched primary ductal carcinomas and bone metastases gave a translational significance to the molecular study. Endothelin-1, ETAR and ETBR correlated with the acquisition of malignant potential, because of high expression already in the in situ carcinoma. These molecular markers might be used as predictive index of aggressive behavior and invasive/metastatic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bendinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Maroni
- Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Emanuela Matteucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Alfonsina Desiderio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
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198
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Brandes AA, Franceschi E. Metastatic process: the seed and the soil from bench to bedside. Future Oncol 2013; 9:1597-8. [PMID: 24156320 DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alba A Brandes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Azienda USL, IRCCS Institute for Neurological Sciences, Bologna, Italy
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199
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Lee KL, Kuo YC, Ho YS, Huang YH. Isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO mutant that produces altered elastase. J Bacteriol 1980; 11:cancers11091334. [PMID: 31505803 PMCID: PMC6769912 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is cancer that tested as negative for estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and excess human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein which accounts for 15%–20% of all breast cancer cases. TNBC is considered to be a poorer prognosis than other types of breast cancer, mainly because it involves more aggressive phenotypes that are similar to stem cell–like cancer cells (cancer stem cell, CSC). Thus, targeted treatment of TNBC remains a major challenge in clinical practice. This review article surveys the latest evidence concerning the role of genomic alteration in current TNBC treatment responses, current clinical trials and potential targeting sites, CSC and drug resistance, and potential strategies targeting CSCs in TNBC. Furthermore, the role of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in stemness expression, chemoresistance, and metastasis in TNBC and their relevance to potential treatments are also discussed and highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kha-Liang Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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