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Adelusi TI, Du L, Hao M, Zhou X, Xuan Q, Apu C, Sun Y, Lu Q, Yin X. Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling unfolds therapeutic targets for redox imbalanced-mediated diseases and diabetic nephropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 123:109732. [PMID: 31945695 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia/oxidative stress has been implicated in the initiation and progression of diabetic complications while the components of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling are being exploited as therapeutic targets for the treatment/management of these pathologies. Antioxidant agents like drugs, nutraceuticals and pure compounds that target the proteins of this pathway and their downstream genes hold the therapeutic strength to put the progression of this disease at bay. Here, we elucidate how the modulation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE had been exploited for the treatment/management of end-stage diabetic kidney complication (diabetic nephropathy) by looking into (1) Nrf2 nuclear translocation and phosphorylation by some protein kinases at specific amino acid sequences and (2) Keap1 downregulation/Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein inhibition (PPI) as potential therapeutic mechanisms exploited by Nrf2 activators for the modulation of diabetic nephropathy biomarkers (Collagen IV, Laminin, TGF-β1 and Fibronectin) that ultimately lead to the amelioration of this disease progression. Furthermore, we brought to limelight the relationship between diabetic nephropathy and Keap1/Nrf2/ARE and finally elucidate how the modulation of this signaling pathway could be further explored to create novel therapeutic milestones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope Isaac Adelusi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Lei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Meng Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Qian Xuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Chowdhury Apu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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152
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Cheng Y, Zhang X, Ma F, Sun W, Wang W, Yu J, Shi Y, Cai L, Xu Z. The Role of Akt2 in the Protective Effect of Fenofibrate against Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:553-567. [PMID: 32025205 PMCID: PMC6990917 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.40643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fenofibrate (FF) protects against diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 1 diabetic (T1D) mice by upregulating the expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), leading to the activation of the Akt-mediated Nrf2 antioxidant pathways. Here, we examined which isoforms of Akt contribute to FF activation of FGF21-mediated renal protection by examining the phosphorylation and expression of three isoforms, Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3. T1D induced by a single intraperitoneal dose of streptozotocin (STZ) resulted in reduced phosphorylation of one isoform, Akt2, but FF treatment increased renal Akt2 phosphorylation in these and normal mice, suggesting a potential and specific role for renal Akt2 in FF protection against T1D. This was further confirmed using in vitro cultured HK-2 human kidney tubule cells exposed to high glucose (HG) with siRNA silencing of the Akt2 gene and STZ-induced diabetic Akt2-knockout mice with and without 3-month FF treatment. In normal HK-2 cells exposed to HG for 24 hours, FF completely prevented cell death, reduced total Akt expression and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β phosphorylation, increased nuclear accumulation of Fyn, and reduced nuclear Nrf2 levels. These positive effects of FF were partially abolished by silencing Akt2 expression. Similarly, FF abolished T1D-induced renal oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal dysfunction in wild-type mice, but was only partially effective in Akt2-KO mice. Furthermore, FF treatment stimulated phosphorylation of AMPKα, an important lipid metabolism mediator, which in parallel with Akt2 plays an important role in FF protection against HG-induced HK-2 cells oxidative stress and damage. These results suggest that FF protects against DN through FGF21 to activate both Akt2/GSK-3β/Fyn/Nrf2 antioxidants and the AMPK pathway. Therefore, FF could be repurposed for the prevention of DN in T1D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
| | - Fuzhe Ma
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Weixia Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Wanning Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Jinyu Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Zhonggao Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
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153
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Wang J, He Y, Yu D, Jin L, Gong X, Zhang B. Perilla oil regulates intestinal microbiota and alleviates insulin resistance through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in type-2 diabetic KKAy mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 135:110965. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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154
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Ramprasath T, Freddy AJ, Velmurugan G, Tomar D, Rekha B, Suvekbala V, Ramasamy S. Context-Dependent Regulation of Nrf2/ARE Axis on Vascular Cell Function during Hyperglycemic Condition. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020; 16:797-806. [PMID: 32000646 DOI: 10.2174/1573399816666200130094512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of micro and macrovascular complications. During hyperglycemic conditions, endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells are exquisitely sensitive to high glucose. This high glucose-induced sustained reactive oxygen species production leads to redox imbalance, which is associated with endothelial dysfunction and vascular wall remodeling. Nrf2, a redox-regulated transcription factor plays a key role in the antioxidant response element (ARE)-mediated expression of antioxidant genes. Although accumulating data indicate the molecular mechanisms underpinning the Nrf2 regulated redox balance, understanding the influence of the Nrf2/ARE axis during hyperglycemic condition on vascular cells is paramount. This review focuses on the context-dependent role of Nrf2/ARE signaling on vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cell function during hyperglycemic conditions. This review also highlights improving the Nrf2 system in vascular tissues, which could be a potential therapeutic strategy for vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharmarajan Ramprasath
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Allen John Freddy
- Department of Zoology, Madras Christian College, Chennai 600 059, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesan Velmurugan
- Chemomicrobiomics Laboratory, KMCH Research Foundation, Kovai Medical Center & Hospital, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia 19140, United States
| | - Balakrishnan Rekha
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vemparthan Suvekbala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Kumaracoil, Thucklay, Tamilnadu 629180, India
| | - Subbiah Ramasamy
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
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155
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Studies on characteristics and anti-diabetic and -nephritic effects of polysaccharides isolated from Paecilomyces hepiali fermentation mycelium in db/db mice. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 232:115766. [PMID: 31952583 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus plagues many people in China and the world, and its nephritis complication is the leading cause of death for patients. Paecilomyces hepiali contained various functional components, especially polysaccharides, which possesses well pharmacological activities. In this study, polysaccharide purified from Paecilomyces hepiali fermented mycelium entitled PHEA was obtained, and its structure was systemically characterized using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In C57BL/KsJ (BKS).Cg-Dock7m +/+ Leprdb/JNju mice (db/db mice), via detecting the alternations on biochemical criterions, pathological indicators and protein expressions related to nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling in serum and/or tissues including muscle, liver and kidney after 8-week PHEA administration, the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and anti-diabetic nephropathic activities of PHEA were confirmed. The purified P. Hepiali polysaccharide with the anti-diabetic and -nephritic properties was first reported in this study via regulating Nrf2-meadited NF-κB signaling in db/db mice.
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156
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Lin CF, Chueh TH, Chung CH, Chung SD, Chang TC, Chien CT. Sulforaphane improves voiding function via the preserving mitochondrial function in diabetic rats. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 119:1422-1430. [PMID: 31837923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia evoked oxidative stress contributing to diabetes (DM)-induced voiding dysfunction. We explored whether antioxidant sulforaphane,a NF-E2-related nuclear factor erythroid-2 (Nrf-2) activator, may ameliorate DM-induced bladder dysfunction. METHODS DM was induced by streptozotocin and sulforaphanewas administered before DM induction.Bladder reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined by an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence analyzer. Mitochondrial function index mitochondrial Bax and cytosolic cytochrome c, antioxidant defense Nrf-2/HO-1, endoplasmic reticulum stress marker ATF-6/CHOP, and caspase 3/PARP were evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS DM increased Keap1 and reduced Nrf-2 expression, associated with increase of bladder ROS, mitochondrial Bax translocation, cytosolic cytochrome c release, ATF-6/CHOP, caspase-3/PARP in bladders which resulted in voiding dysfunction by increased intercontraction intervals and micturition duration. However, sulforaphanesignificantly increased nuclear Nrf-2/HO-1axis expression, decreased bladder ROS amount, mitochondrial Bax translocation, cytochrome c release, ATF-6/CHOP and caspase 3/PARP/apoptosis, thereby improved the voiding function by the shortened intercontraction intervals and micturition duration. CONCLUSION We suggest that sulforaphanevia activating Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling preserved mitochondrial function and suppressed DM-induced ROS, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis and voiding dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Fa Lin
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hung Chueh
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chung
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Shue-Dong Chung
- Department of Urology, Far-East Memory Hospital, New Taipei City, 220, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ching Chang
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan.
| | - Chiang-Ting Chien
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan.
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157
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Karan A, Bhakkiyalakshmi E, Jayasuriya R, Sarada DVL, Ramkumar KM. The pivotal role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction. Pharmacol Res 2019; 153:104601. [PMID: 31838079 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a key event in the onset and progression of vascular complications associated with diabetes. Regulation of endothelial function and the underlying signaling mechanisms in the progression of diabetes-induced vascular complications have been well established. Recent studies indicate that increased oxidative stress is an important determinant of endothelial injury and patients with hypertension display ED mediated by impaired Nitric Oxide (NO) availability. Further, oxidative stress is known to be associated with inflammation and ED in vascular remodeling and diabetes-associated hypertension. Numerous strategies have been developed to improve the function of endothelial cells and increasing number of evidences highlight the indispensable role of antioxidants in modulation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation responses. Nuclear factor Erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), is the principal transcriptional regulator, that is central in mediating oxidative stress signal response. Having unequivocally established the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and oxidative stress, the pivotal role of Nrf2/Keap1/ARE network, has taken the center stage as target for developing therapies towards maintaining the cellular redox environment. Several activators of Nrf2 are known to combat diabetes-induced ED and few are currently in clinical trials. Focusing on their therapeutic value in diabetes-induced ED, this review highlights some natural and synthetic molecules that are involved in the modulation of the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE network and its underlying molecular mechanisms in the regulation of ED. Further emphasis is also laid on the therapeutic benefits of directly up-regulating Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defences in regulating endothelial redox homeostasis for countering diabetes-induced ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Karan
- Life Science Division, SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Elango Bhakkiyalakshmi
- Life Science Division, SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravichandran Jayasuriya
- Life Science Division, SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D V L Sarada
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Life Science Division, SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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158
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Qiao S, Liu R, Lv C, Miao Y, Yue M, Tao Y, Wei Z, Xia Y, Dai Y. Bergenin impedes the generation of extracellular matrix in glomerular mesangial cells and ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in mice by inhibiting oxidative stress via the mTOR/β-TrcP/Nrf2 pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 145:118-135. [PMID: 31494242 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bergenin, a plant polyphenol, has been reported to lower the blood glucose level and ameliorate kidney function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Herein, its protective effect on diabetic nephropathy (DN) was explored in view of extracellular matrix (ECM) generation in glomerular mesangial cells. Glomerular mesangial cells were treated with high glucose, and Q-PCR as well as western blot were used to determine the expression of ECM. To establish the participation and role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in ECM generation, a combination of l-leucine (activator of mTOR) and Nrf2 shRNA transfection were performed, respectively. Moreover, a DN model was established in mice using high-glucose/high-fat diet and STZ. Bergenin impeded the generation of TGF-β1 and ECM, decreased the levels of intracellular superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the glomerular mesangial cells (HBZY-1 and HRMC cells) treated with high glucose. The inhibition of ECM generation by bergenin was dependent on the down-regulation of oxidative stress as confirmed via a superoxide overexpression system. The activation of Nrf2 was required for bergenin to inhibit the oxidative stress and ECM generation. Moreover, bergenin was found to inhibit the phosphorylation of mTOR, which is located at the upstream of Nrf2. Bergenin did not interfere with the expression of Nrf2 mRNA and Keap1 (the classic degradation control factor of Nrf2), but markedly inhibited the protein expression of the β-TrcP, an effect which could be abolished by l-leucine. In DN model mice, l-leucine diminished the ability of bergenin to reduce the levels of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and ECM, which contributed to the eradication of the ameliorative effect of bergenin on nephropathy. Bergenin can inhibit glucose-induced ECM production in glomerular mesangial cells through the down-regulation of oxidative stress via the mTOR/β-TrcP/Nrf2 pathway, and it might be a candidate drug for the prevention and treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simiao Qiao
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Changjun Lv
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yumeng Miao
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Mengfan Yue
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yu Tao
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yufeng Xia
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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159
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Vara-Messler M, Mukdsi JH, Osieki NI, Benizio E, Repossi GM, Ajayi EIO, García NH. Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents salt sensitivity in diabetic rats and decreases oxidative stress. Nutrition 2019; 72:110644. [PMID: 32044546 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Salt sensitivity (SS) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM) due to an increase in renal oxidation. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have shown antioxidant effects, but a typical Western diet contains limited content. In particular, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are able to activate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) to prevent diabetes mellitus-related complications by mitigating oxidative stress. Therefore, we hypothesized that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; ω-3) modulates SS in rats with T2-DM by decreasing renal oxidative stress via Nrf-2 activation and enhancing the antiinflammatory response via interleukin (IL) 6 modulation. METHODS Three-month-old male rats (n = 40) were fed with a Normal Na-diet (NNaD) and randomly selected into four groups: Healthy Wistar nondiabetic rats (Wi), diabetic controls (eSS), arachidonic acid-treated eSS (AA; ω-6), and EPA-treated eSS (ω-3). After 1 year, rats were placed in metabolic cages for 7 d and fed a NNaD, followed by a 7-d period with a High Na-diet (HNaD). Systolic blood pressure, body weight, serum IL-6 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined at the end of each 7-d period. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triacylglycerol, creatinine, and cholesterol levels were determined. ROS levels and Nrf-2 expression in kidney lysates were also assayed. Histologic changes were evaluated. A t test or analysis of variance was used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS After a HNaD, systolic blood pressure increased in both the control eSS and AA groups, but not in the EPA and Wi groups. However, HbA1c levels remained unchanged by the treatments, which suggests that the observed beneficial effect was independent of HbA1c levels. The IL-6 levels were higher in the eSS and AA groups, but remained unaltered in EPA and Wi rats after a HNaD diet. Interestingly, EPA protected against serum ROS in rats fed the HNaD, whereas AA did not. In kidney lysates, ROS decreased significantly in the EPA group compared with the eSS group, and Nrf-2 expression was consistently higher compared with the AA and eSS groups. Diabetic rats presented focal segmental sclerosis, adherence to Bowman capsule, and mild-to-moderate interstitial fibrosis. EPA and AA treatment prevented kidney damage. CONCLUSIONS An adequate ω3-to-ω6 ratio prevents SS in diabetic rats by a mechanism that is independent of glucose metabolism but associated with the prevention of renal oxidative stress generation. These data suggest that EPA antioxidant properties may prevent the development of hypertension or kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge H Mukdsi
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud de Córdoba, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Natalia I Osieki
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud de Córdoba, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Biología Celular, Cátedra de Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Evangelina Benizio
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud de Córdoba, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Biología Celular, Cátedra de Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gastón M Repossi
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud de Córdoba, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Biología Celular, Cátedra de Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ebenezer I O Ajayi
- DC&ONID, Biochemistry Department, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria; IMMF-INIMEC-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Néstor H García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud de Córdoba, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
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160
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Hammad ASA, Ahmed ASF, Heeba GH, Taye A. Heme oxygenase-1 contributes to the protective effect of resveratrol against endothelial dysfunction in STZ-induced diabetes in rats. Life Sci 2019; 239:117065. [PMID: 31751579 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a common complication of diabetes that mainly stems from increased reactive oxygen species, which makes antioxidants of great benefit. Resveratrol (RSV) is an antioxidant that shows protective effects in a variety of disease models where the ameliorative effect appears to be mediated, in part, via heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction. However, the pathophysiological relevance of HO-1 in the ameliorative response of RSV in endothelial dysfunction is not clearly defined. The present study was conducted to investigate whether HO-1 plays a role in diabetes-induced vascular dysfunction. Streptozotocin-diabetic rats were treated with RSV (10 mg/kg) in presence or absence of an HO-1 blocker, Zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) to assess vascular function and indicators of disease status. We found that RSV treatment significantly abrogated diabetes induced vascular dysfunction. This improvement was associated with the ability of RSV to decrease oxidative stress markers alongside a reduction in the aortic TGF-β expression, elevation of NOS3 expression and aortic nitrite concentration as well as HO activity. These ameliorative effects were diminished when ZnPP was administered prior to RSV. Our results clearly demonstrate the protective effects of RSV in diabetes-associated endothelial dysfunction and verified a causal role of HO-1 in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa S A Hammad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Egypt
| | - Al-Shaimaa F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Egypt.
| | - Gehan H Heeba
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Taye
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Egypt
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161
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Norooznezhad F, Rodriguez-Merchan EC, Asadi S, Norooznezhad AH. Curcumin: hopeful treatment of hemophilic arthropathy via inhibition of inflammation and angiogenesis. Expert Rev Hematol 2019; 13:5-11. [PMID: 31657968 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2020.1685867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Hemophilic arthropathy (HA) is a serious complication among hemophilic patients causing a wide range of morbidity due to the inflammatory reactions followed by repeated episodes of bleeding. This condition has recently been shown to be accompanied by angiogenesis. The cascade starts with iron accumulation leading to an increase in CD68+ and CD11b+ cells responsible for initiating the inflammation.Areas covered: During inflammation, different factors and cytokines such as interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) actively play parts in the pathogenesis of HA and also angiogenesis. It has been demonstrated that different pro-angiogenic and angiogenic factors such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), oxidative stress and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are also important in the pathogenesis of HA. Curcumin is known for its strong anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic potentials. This agent is able to inhibit the mentioned inflammatory and angiogenic factors such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, VEGF, MMPs, and HIF-1α. Also, as well as anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity, curcumin has a strong antioxidant potential and can decrease oxidative stress.Expert opinion: It seems that curcumin could be considered as a possible agent for the treatment of HA through inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Norooznezhad
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Soheila Asadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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162
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Sulforaphane-Induced Klf9/Prdx6 Axis Acts as a Molecular Switch to Control Redox Signaling and Determines Fate of Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101159. [PMID: 31569690 PMCID: PMC6829349 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN), an activator of transcription factor Nrf2 (NFE2-related factor), modulates antioxidant defense by Nrf2-mediated regulation of antioxidant genes like Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) and affects cellular homeostasis. We previously observed that dose levels of SFN are crucial in determining life or death of lens epithelial cells (LECs). Herein, we demonstrated that higher doses of SFN (>6 μM) activated death signaling by overstimulation of Nrf2/ARE (antioxidant response element)-mediated Kruppel-like factor (Klf9) repression of Prdx6 expression, which increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) load and cell death. Mechanistically, Klf9 bound to its repressive Klf9 binding elements (RKBE; 5-CA/GCCC-3) in the Prdx6 promoter, and repressed Prdx6 transcription. Under the condition of higher dose of SFN, excessive Nrf2 abundance caused death signaling by enforcing Klf9 activation through ARE (5-RTGAYnnnGC-3) in Klf9 promoter that suppress antioxidant genes such as Prdx6 via a Klf9-dependent fashion. Klf9-depletion showed that Klf9 independently caused ROS reduction and subsequent cell survival, demonstrating that Klf9 upregulation caused cell death. Our work revealed the molecular mechanism of dose-dependent altered activity of SFN in LECs, and demonstrated that SFN activity was linked to levels of Nrf2/Klf9/Prdx6 axis. We proposed that in the development of therapeutic interventions for aging/oxidative disorders, combinations of Klf9-ShRNA and Nrf2 inducers may prove to be a promising strategy.
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163
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Li W, Sargsyan D, Wu R, Li S, Wang L, Cheng D, Kong AN. DNA Methylome and Transcriptome Alterations in High Glucose-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy Cellular Model and Identification of Novel Targets for Treatment by Tanshinone IIA. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1977-1988. [PMID: 31525975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a diabetes complication that comes from overactivation of Renin-Angiotensin System, excessive pro-inflammatory factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, and potential epigenetic changes. Tanshinone IIA (TIIA), a diterpene quinone phytochemical, has been shown to possess powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, epigenetics, and protective effects against different diseases including DN by inhibiting ROS induced by high glucose (HG). However, epigenomic and transcriptomic study of DN and the protective effect of TIIA are lacking. In this study, next-generation sequencing of RNA and DNA methylation profiles on the potential underlying mechanisms of a DN model in mouse kidney mesangial mes13 cells challenged with HG and treatment with TIIA were conducted. Bioinformatic analysis coupled with Ingenuity Pathway analysis of RNA-seq was performed, and 1780 genes from HG/LG and 1416 genes from TIIA/HG were significantly altered. Several pro-inflammatory pathways like leukotriene biosynthesis and eicosanoid signaling pathways were activated by HG stimulation, while TIIA treatment would enhance glutathione-mediated detoxification pathway to overcome the excess oxidative stress and inflammation triggered by HG. Combination analysis of RNA-seq and Methyl-seq data sets, DNA methylation, and RNA expression of a list of DN associated genes, Nmu, Fgl2, Glo, and Kcnip2, were found to be altered in HG-induced mes13 DN model, and TIIA treatment would effectively restore the alterations. Taken together, these findings provide novel insights into the understanding of how epigenetic/epigenomic modifications could affect the progression of DN and the potential preventive effect of TIIA in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenji Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, P. R. China,Jiangsu Key laboratory of integrated traditional Chinese and Western
Medicine for prevention and treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, P. R. China
| | - Davit Sargsyan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Shanyi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Lujing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - David Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
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164
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Wang Z, Zhao D, Chen L, Li J, Yuan G, Yang G, Zhang H, Guo X, Zhang J. Glycine increases glyoxalase-1 function by promoting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 translocation into the nucleus of kidney cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Diabetes Investig 2019; 10:1189-1198. [PMID: 30825261 PMCID: PMC6717822 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION We have previously reported that glycine suppresses the advanced glycation end-products signaling pathway and mitigates subsequent oxidative stress in the kidneys of diabetic rats. In the present study, we investigated whether this beneficial effect was associated with upregulation of glyoxalase-1 (Glo1) and activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). MATERIALS AND METHODS Both healthy rats and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were administrated with glycine (1% added to the drinking water) for 12 weeks. The function of Glo1, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expressions of Nrf2, and markers of oxidative status were measured in the kidneys. The mRNA expressions of other downstream signaling molecules of the Nrf2 pathway were also determined. RESULTS The mRNA and protein expressions, as well as the activity of Glo1, were decreased in the kidneys of diabetic rats, accompanied by diminished glutathione levels. After glycine treatment, these parameters of Glo1 function were markedly increased. Compared with the control group, the levels of Nrf2 mRNA and protein in the total kidney lysis were both markedly elevated in the diabetic group and glycine-treated group. However, the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was significantly increased in the glycine-treated group than in the diabetic group. In addition, the anti-oxidant capacity and the expressions of other downstream molecules of the Nrf2 signaling pathway were significantly increased after glycine treatment. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that glycine might enhance the function of Glo1 and restore anti-oxidant defense by promoting the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, thus inhibiting advanced glycation end-products formation and protecting against renal oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Wang
- EndocrinologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Dan Zhao
- EndocrinologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Lei Chen
- EndocrinologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jingjing Li
- EndocrinologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Geheng Yuan
- EndocrinologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Guosheng Yang
- Animal CenterPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Hong Zhang
- EndocrinologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- EndocrinologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Junqing Zhang
- EndocrinologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
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165
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Liao Z, Zhang J, Wang J, Yan T, Xu F, Wu B, Xiao F, Bi K, Niu J, Jia Y. The anti-nephritic activity of a polysaccharide from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) via modulation of AMPK-Sirt1-PGC-1α signaling axis mediated anti-oxidative in type 2 diabetes model mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:568-576. [PMID: 31442509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) with high morbidity and mortality is one of the most severe diabetes complications and affects nearly one-third of people with diabetes. Our present experiment was designed to assess the potential therapeutic of a polysaccharide purified from okra (OP) on DN in high-fat diet-fed and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. We found that an 8-week treatment with OP could significantly decrease the 24-h urine protein (24-h UP), serum creatinine (Scr), serum urea nitrogen (SUN) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, which are regard as the biomarkers of renal injury. The results of immunohistochemical analysis and histopathological examination showed that the diabetic-induced microstructural changes and fibrosis in kidney can be alleviated by the administration of OP (400 mg/kg). Our immunofluorescences results demonstrated that OP (400 mg/kg) could greatly reduce the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in kidney. In addition, we also studied the level of SOD, GSH, CAT, HO-1, Nrf2, p-AMPK, PGC-1α, Sirt1, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax in renal tissue by assay kit and western blot. Our results suggested that OP ameliorated DN in diabetic mice, which is possibly related to suppressing apoptosis and oxidative stress through activating AMPK-Sirt1-PGC-1α signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzheng Liao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jingying Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tingxu Yan
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fanxing Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bo Wu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jumin Niu
- Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, No. 87 Danan Street, Shenyang 110011, China.
| | - Ying Jia
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China.
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166
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Nagai Y, Matoba K, Kawanami D, Takeda Y, Akamine T, Ishizawa S, Kanazawa Y, Yokota T, Utsunomiya K, Nishimura R. ROCK2 regulates TGF-β-induced expression of CTGF and profibrotic genes via NF-κB and cytoskeleton dynamics in mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F839-F851. [PMID: 31364374 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00596.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase Rho and its effector Rho kinase (ROCK) are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. Rho kinase has two isoforms: ROCK1 and ROCK2. However, it remains unclear which is mainly involved in the progression of diabetic glomerulosclerosis and the regulation of profibrotic mediators. Glomeruli isolated from type 2 diabetic db/db mice demonstrated increased gene expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and its downstream profibrotic mediators. Chemical inhibition of ROCK suppressed the expression of profibrotic mediators in both isolated glomeruli and cultured mesangial cells. An investigation of mechanisms underlying this observation revealed activated ROCK functions through the phosphorylation of JNK and Erk and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB via actin dynamics. Knockdown by siRNA against ROCK1 and ROCK2 showed that ROCK2 but not ROCK1 controls this fibrotic machinery. Further in vivo experiments showed that ROCK2 activity in the renal cortex of db/db mice was elevated compared with control db/m mice. Importantly, oral administration of ROCK2 inhibitor attenuated renal ROCK2 activity, albuminuria, and glomerular fibrosis in db/db mice. These observations indicate that ROCK2 is a key player in the development of diabetic renal injury. Glomerular ROCK2 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Nagai
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Matoba
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiji Kawanami
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takeda
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Akamine
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Ishizawa
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kanazawa
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Yokota
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Utsunomiya
- Center for Preventive Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rimei Nishimura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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167
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Liu X, Qu H, Zheng Y, Liao Q, Zhang L, Liao X, Xiong X, Wang Y, Zhang R, Wang H, Tong Q, Liu Z, Dong H, Yang G, Zhu Z, Xu J, Zheng H. Mitochondrial glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase promotes skeletal muscle regeneration. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201809390. [PMID: 30389681 PMCID: PMC6284384 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201809390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
While adult mammalian skeletal muscle is stable due to its post‐mitotic nature, muscle regeneration is still essential throughout life for maintaining functional fitness. During certain diseases, such as the modern pandemics of obesity and diabetes, the regeneration process becomes impaired, which leads to the loss of muscle function and contributes to the global burden of these diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of the impairment are not well defined. Here, we identify mGPDH as a critical regulator of skeletal muscle regeneration. Specifically, it regulates myogenic markers and myoblast differentiation by controlling mitochondrial biogenesis via CaMKKβ/AMPK. mGPDH−/− attenuated skeletal muscle regeneration in vitro and in vivo, while mGPDH overexpression ameliorated dystrophic pathology in mdx mice. Moreover, in patients and animal models of obesity and diabetes, mGPDH expression in skeletal muscle was reduced, further suggesting a direct correlation between its abundance and muscular regeneration capability. Rescuing mGPDH expression in obese and diabetic mice led to a significant improvement in their muscle regeneration. Our study provides a potential therapeutic target for skeletal muscle regeneration impairment during obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufei Liu
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Qu
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Liao
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liao
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Xiong
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuren Wang
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Tong
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenqi Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gangyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongting Zheng
- Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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168
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Unraveling the Role of Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143393. [PMID: 31295940 PMCID: PMC6678414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and is therefore a major burden on the healthcare system. Patients with DKD are highly susceptible to developing cardiovascular disease, which contributes to increased morbidity and mortality rates. While progress has been made to inhibit the acceleration of DKD, current standards of care reduce but do not eliminate the risk of DKD. There is growing appreciation for the role of inflammation in modulating the process of DKD. The focus of this review is on providing an overview of the current status of knowledge regarding the pathologic roles of inflammation in the development of DKD. Finally, we summarize recent therapeutic advances to prevent DKD, with a focus on the anti-inflammatory effects of newly developed agents.
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169
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Kerins MJ, Liu P, Tian W, Mannheim W, Zhang DD, Ooi A. Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen Reveals Autophagy Disruption as the Convergence Mechanism That Regulates the NRF2 Transcription Factor. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:e00037-19. [PMID: 31010806 PMCID: PMC6580702 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00037-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor (erythroid 2)-like 2 (NRF2 or NFE2L2) transcription factor regulates the expression of many genes that are critical in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Its deregulation has been implicated in many diseases, including cancer and metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. While several mechanisms by which NRF2 can be activated have gradually been identified over time, a more complete regulatory network of NRF2 is still lacking. Here we show through a genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) screen that a total of 273 genes, when knocked out, will lead to sustained NRF2 activation. Pathway analysis revealed a significant overrepresentation of genes (18 of the 273 genes) involved in autophagy. Molecular validation of a subset of the enriched genes identified 8 high-confidence genes that negatively regulate NRF2 activity irrespective of cell type: ATG12, ATG7, GOSR1, IFT172, NRXN2, RAB6A, VPS37A, and the well-known negative regulator of NRF2, KEAP1 Of these, ATG12, ATG7, KEAP1, and VPS37A are known to be involved in autophagic processes. Our results present a comprehensive list of NRF2 negative regulators and reveal an intimate link between autophagy and NRF2 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Kerins
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Wang Tian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - William Mannheim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Donna D Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Aikseng Ooi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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170
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Song MK, Lee JH, Ryoo IG, Lee SH, Ku SK, Kwak MK. Bardoxolone ameliorates TGF-β1-associated renal fibrosis through Nrf2/Smad7 elevation. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 138:33-42. [PMID: 31059771 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a potent pathogenic factor of renal injury through the upregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) expression and facilitation of renal fibrosis. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nfe2l2; Nrf2), a master regulator of antioxidant and detoxifying systems, is mainly controlled by the binding with cytosolic protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and subsequent proteasomal degradation. The protective effect of Nrf2 on renal injury has been attributed to its antioxidant role, where it aids in coping with oxidative stress-associated progression of renal disease. In this study, we investigated the effect of Nrf2 activation on ECM production and TGF-β/Smad signaling using Keap1-silenced MES-13 cells (a genetic glomerular mesangial cell model with Nrf2 overexpression). The TGF-β1-inducible expression of fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-Sma) was suppressed and Smad2/3 phosphorylation was blocked in Nrf2-high mesangial cells as compared with that in control cells. Notably, in these Nrf2-high mesangial cells, levels of TGF-β1 receptor 1 (TβR1) were substantially diminished, and the protein levels of Smad7, an inhibitor TGF-β1/Smad signaling, were increased. Nrf2-mediated Smad7 elevation and its anti-fibrotic role in Keap1-silenced cells were confirmed by studies with Nrf2-or Smad7-silencing. As a molecular link for Smad7 elevation in Nrf2-high cells, the reduction of Smad-ubiquitination-regulatory factor 1 (Smurf1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase for Smad7, was notable. Silencing of Smurf1 increased Smad7 in the control mesangial cells; however, forced expression of Smurf1 repressed Smad7 levels in Keap1-silenced cells. Additionally, we demonstrate that bardoxolone (BARD; CDDO-methyl), a pharmacological activator of Nrf2, increased Smad7 levels and attenuated TGF-β/Smad/ECM expression in MES-13. Moreover, in an aristolochic acid (AA)-mediated nephropathy mouse model, the renal expression of Nrf2 and Smad7 was elevated by BARD treatment, and AA-induced tubular necrosis and interstitial fibrosis were substantially ameliorated by BARD. Collectively, these results indicate that the Nrf2-Smad7 axis plays a key role in the protection of TGF-β-induced renal fibrosis, and further suggest a novel molecular mechanism of beneficial effect of BARD on renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyun Song
- Department of Pharmacy and BK21PLUS Team for Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Lee
- Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Geun Ryoo
- Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and BK21PLUS Team for Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeonsangbuk-do, 712-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- Department of Pharmacy and BK21PLUS Team for Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea; Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea.
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Francisqueti-Ferron FV, Ferron AJT, Garcia JL, Silva CCVDA, Costa MR, Gregolin CS, Moreto F, Ferreira ALA, Minatel IO, Correa CR. Basic Concepts on the Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-Derived 2-Like 2 (Nrf2) in Age-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3208. [PMID: 31261912 PMCID: PMC6651020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is one of the most important oxidative stress regulator in the human body. Once Nrf2 regulates the expression of a large number of cytoprotective genes, it plays a crucial role in the prevention of several diseases, including age-related disorders. However, the involvement of Nrf2 on these conditions is complex and needs to be clarified. Here, a brief compilation of the Nrf2 enrollment in the pathophysiology of the most common age-related diseases and bring insights for future research on the Nrf2 pathway is described. This review shows a controversial response of this transcriptional factor on the presented diseases. This reinforces the necessity of more studies to investigate modulation strategies for Nrf2, making it a possible therapeutic target in the treatment of age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fernando Moreto
- Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Igor Otávio Minatel
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
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172
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Yang ZJ, Wang HR, Wang YI, Zhai ZH, Wang LW, Li L, Zhang C, Tang L. Myricetin Attenuated Diabetes-Associated Kidney Injuries and Dysfunction via Regulating Nuclear Factor (Erythroid Derived 2)-Like 2 and Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:647. [PMID: 31244660 PMCID: PMC6580432 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: Previous studies have suggested that myricetin (Myr) could promote the expression and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like (Nrf2). This study aimed to investigate whether Myr could attenuate diabetes-associated kidney injuries and dysfunction in wild-type (WT) and Nrf2 knockdown (Nrf2-KD) mice. Methods: Lentivirus-mediated Nrf2-KD and WT mice were used to establish type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) by streptozotocin (STZ) injection. WT and Nrf2-KD mice were then randomly allocated into four groups: control (CON), Myr, STZ, and STZ + Myr. Myr (100 mg/kg/day) or vehicle was administered for 6 months. Kidneys were harvested and weighed at the end of the experiment. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson’s trichrome staining were used to assess the morphology and fibrosis of the kidneys, respectively. Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio was used to test renal function. Western blotting was performed to determine oxidative-stress- or inflammation-associated signaling pathways. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of fibrosis or inflammatory cytokines at the message Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) level. Results: In WT mice, Myr alleviated DM-induced renal dysfunction, fibrosis, and oxidative damage and enhanced the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream genes. After knockdown of Nrf2, Myr treatment partially but significantly mitigated DM-induced renal dysfunction and fibrosis, which might be associated with inhibition of the I-kappa-B (IκB)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) (P65) signaling pathway. Conclusions: This study showed that Myr prevented DM-associated decreased expression of Nrf2 and inhibited IκB/NF-κB (P65) signaling pathway. Moreover, inhibition of IκB/NF-κB (P65) signaling pathway is independent of the regulation of Nrf2. Thus, Myr could be a potential treatment for preventing the development and progression of DM-associated kidney injuries and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jun Yang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Ru Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu-Iin Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zi-Han Zhai
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liu-Wei Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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173
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Chen B, Sun Y, Zhang J, Zhu Q, Yang Y, Niu X, Deng Z, Li Q, Wang Y. Human embryonic stem cell-derived exosomes promote pressure ulcer healing in aged mice by rejuvenating senescent endothelial cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:142. [PMID: 31113469 PMCID: PMC6528288 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1253-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis, as an endogenous repair mechanism, plays crucial roles in wound healing and tissue regeneration. However, this process is impaired in the elderly due to aging-related vascular endothelial dysfunction. This study was aimed to explore the pro-angiogenic effects of exosomes from human embryonic stem cells (ESC-Exos) in aged mice of pressure-induced ulcer model and the underlying mechanism. Methods Pressure ulcer wounds were created on the back of d-galactose-induced aging mice. ESC-Exos were locally applied onto the wound beds, with PBS as control. The effects of ESC-Exos on wound healing were analyzed by measuring wound closure rates, histological and immunofluorescence analyses. Then, the anti-aging effect of ESC-Exos on vascular endothelial cells was tested in an in vitro d-galactose-induced HUVEC senescence model. Results ESC-Exos could accelerate wound closure and enhance angiogenesis, and the senescence of vascular endothelial cells was significantly ameliorated after ESC-Exos treatment. In vitro, ESC-Exos could rejuvenate the senescence of endothelial cells and recover compromised proliferation, migratory capacity, and tube formation. This recovery was Nrf2-activation-dependent, since cotreatment with Nrf2 inhibitor Brusatol could abolish the rejuvenative effects of ESC-Exos. Further study revealed that miR-200a was highly enriched in ESC-Exos and played a crucial role in ESC-Exos-mediated rejuvenation through downregulating Keap1, which negatively regulates Nrf2 expression. Conclusions ESC-Exos ameliorate endothelial senescence by activating Nrf2 and recover aging-related angiogenic dysfunction, thereby accelerating wound healing in aged mice. ESC-Exos might be a natural nano-biomaterial for aging-related diseases therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1253-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yongjin Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Juntao Zhang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qingwei Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yunlong Yang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xin Niu
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zhifeng Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qing Li
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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174
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Li S, Yang H, Chen X. Protective effects of sulforaphane on diabetic retinopathy: activation of the Nrf2 pathway and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome formation. Exp Anim 2019; 68:221-231. [PMID: 30606939 PMCID: PMC6511524 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.18-0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN) is abundant in cruciferous plants, providing significant protection against many chronic diseases. With the aim of clarifying the efficacy of sulforaphane in diabetic retinopathy (DR), a series of systematic studies were carried out in the present study. Male Sprague Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg), and those with confirmed diabetes mellitus were given different doses of SFN (0.5 and 1 mg/kg/d) for 12 weeks. In vitro, Müller cells exposed to 25 mM glucose were treated with 2.5 µM SFN. The results indicated that SFN significantly reduced the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes (GSH, SOD, and CAT) in the retina of STZ rats. Further, SFN enhanced the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 and increased the expression of HO-1 and NQO1, two major antioxidants downstream to Nrf2, in the injured retina. In addition, retinal expression levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1 p20, IL-1β p17, and ASC were dramatically increased in STZ-induced DR, and this was abolished by SFN intervention. In vitro, high glucose-induced inflammation and oxidative stress damage in Müller cells were attenuated by SFN. SFN also exerted antioxidant effects, activated the Nrf2 pathway, and inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome in Müller cells. In conclusion, our work demonstrates that SFN attenuates retinal inflammation and oxidative stress induced by high glucose and activates the antioxidative Nrf2 pathway and inhibits the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
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175
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Tao S, Zhang H, Xue L, Jiang X, Wang H, Li B, Tian H, Zhang Z. Vitamin D protects against particles-caused lung injury through induction of autophagy in an Nrf2-dependent manner. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:594-609. [PMID: 30698894 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter is a well-known air pollutant threatening public health. Studies have confirmed long-term exposure to the particles could decrease the pulmonary function, induce asthma exacerbation, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as increase the incidence and mortality of lung cancer. A clinical study has explored that the prevalence and risks of vitamin D (VD) deficiency in various chronic disease and toxins induced tissue damage. Our current study aimed to explore the mechanism and further therapeutic potential of VD administration to ameliorate fine particles exposure induced pulmonary damage in vivo and in vitro. To elucidate the effects and mechanisms of VD in particles-induced pulmonary damage, a murine model was established with fine particles intratracheal instillation along with VD intramuscular injection. Our study demonstrated that treatment with VD attenuated particles-induced pulmonary damage and promoted tissue repair by repressing of TGFβ1 signaling pathway and upregulation of MMP9 expression. VD treatment could also regulate the autophagy-related signals along with activation of Nrf2 transcription factor. Furthermore, the results from the in vitro study demonstrated that VD protected against particles-induced cells' damage through the induction of autophagy in an Nrf2-dependent manner. VD treatment caused the degradation of P62 and its bound Keap1, which decreased the Nrf2 ubiquitination and increasing its protein stability. Our work explored a novel potential mechanism in the protection of VD in particles-induced pulmonary injury and tissue repair, and could further bring insights into exploring antifine particles exposure caused inflammation among other natural products and contributes to inflammation disease medical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Tao
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lian Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hailin Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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176
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Sampath C, Sprouse JC, Freeman ML, Gangula PR. Activation of Nrf2 attenuates delayed gastric emptying in obesity induced diabetic (T2DM) female mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 135:132-143. [PMID: 30831189 PMCID: PMC6738571 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic gastroparesis (GP) is a clinical syndrome characterized by delayed gastric emptying (DGE). Loss of Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) led to reduced nNOSα mediated gastric motility and DGE. The molecular signaling of cinnamaldehyde (CNM) mediated Nrf2 activation and its mechanistic role on DGE were further investigated in obese/T2D female mice. Adult female homozygous Nfe2l2-/- (C57BL/6J) and their wild-type (WT) littermates (Nfe2l2+/+) mice were fed with high fat diet (HFD; Obese/T2D model), or normal diet (ND) with or without CNM (50 mg/kg b.w; i.p). Supplementation of CNM attenuated (p < 0.05) DGE in WT female but not in Nrf2 KO Obese/T2D mice. CNM (1) normalized serum estradiol-17β levels, (2) induced gastric Nrf2 and phase II antioxidant enzymes through extracellular signal-regulated kinase, (ERK)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), (3) reduced glucose synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and this was associated with (4) increased estrogen receptor expression, BH4 (Cofactor of nNOS) biosynthesis enzyme GCH-1 and nNOSα dimerization in WT Obese/T2 diabetic female mice. In addition, CNM restored impaired nitrergic relaxation in hyperglycemic conditions. These findings emphasize the importance of Nrf2 in maintaining nNOSα mediated GE and may have a translational relevance to treat obese/diabetic gastroparesis in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chethan Sampath
- Department of ODS & Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeremy C Sprouse
- School of Graduate Studies & Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael L Freeman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pandu R Gangula
- Department of ODS & Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Mu Y, Yin TL, Huang XX, Hu X, Yin L, Yang J. Sulforaphane ameliorates high-fat diet-induced spermatogenic deficiency in mice†. Biol Reprod 2019; 101:223-234. [PMID: 31004475 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN), a dietary isothiocyanate that is mainly found in cruciferous vegetables, possesses anti-oxidative and anticancer activity and modulates inflammation. However, little is known about the role of SFN in obesity-related male reproductive defects. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of SFN on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced male spermatogenic impairment and further clarify the possible underlying mechanisms. In this study, 8-week-old mice were randomly divided into four groups. Mice were fed a normal diet or an HFD with or without SFN supplementation. Sulforaphane was subcutaneously injected at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg 5 days/week for 4 weeks beginning 8 weeks after initiation of the HFD. The results demonstrated that SFN could protect against HFD-induced reproductive dysfunction in male mice. Moreover, SFN also improved reproductive ability, as demonstrated by an increased pregnancy rate and decreased embryo resorption rate in comparison to the corresponding HFD group. We also observed a decrease in apoptosis and an attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress after SFN treatment. In vitro studies of mouse and human sperm samples also revealed that SFN protects against the palmitic acid-induced reduction in sperm viability and motility by inhibiting ER stress in an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent manner. AMPK-dependent ER stress attenuation by SFN was further confirmed using AMPK knockout mice. Taken together, these data show that SFN protects against HFD-induced male reproductive dysfunction by inhibiting ER stress and apoptosis. These findings may be helpful for identifying new therapeutic methods to treat male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiao-xuan Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xue Hu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan 430060, China
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178
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Ma F, Wu J, Jiang Z, Huang W, Jia Y, Sun W, Wu H. P53/NRF2 mediates SIRT1's protective effect on diabetic nephropathy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:1272-1281. [PMID: 30959066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease, posing a severe threat to public health. Previous studies reported the protective role of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in DN, encouraging the investigation of more potent and specific SIRT1 activators. SRT2104 is a novel, first-in-class, highly selective small-molecule activator of SIRT1, with its effect and mechanism unknown on DN. To this end, streptozotocin-induced C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) diabetic mice were treated with SRT2104, for 24 weeks. To determine whether SRT2104 acted through inhibition of P53 - a substrate of SIRT1, the P53 activator nutlin3a was administered to the WT diabetic mice in the presence of SRT2104. In order to test whether nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) - the master of cellular antioxidants - mediated SIRT1 and P53's actions, WT and Nrf2 gene knockout (KO) diabetic mice were treated with SRT2104 or the P53 inhibitor pifithrin-α (PFT-α). In the WT mice, SRT2104 enhanced renal SIRT1 expression and activity, deacetylated P53, and activated NRF2 antioxidant signaling, providing remarkable protection against the DM-induced renal oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, glomerular remodeling and albuminuria. These effects were completely abolished in the presence of nutlin3a. Deletion of the Nrf2 gene completely abrogated the efficacies of SRT2104 and PFT-α in elevating antioxidants and ameliorating DN, despite their abilities to activate SIRT1 and inhibit P53 in the Nrf2 KO mice. The present study reports the beneficial effects of SRT2104 on DN, uncovering a SIRT1/P53/NRF2 pathway that modulates the pathogenesis of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhe Ma
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin St., Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Junduo Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang St., Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Ziping Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin St., Changchun 130021, China
| | - Wenlin Huang
- School of Science and Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, 1000 University Center Ln., Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
| | - Ye Jia
- Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Weixia Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin St., Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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179
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Cuadrado A, Rojo AI, Wells G, Hayes JD, Cousin SP, Rumsey WL, Attucks OC, Franklin S, Levonen AL, Kensler TW, Dinkova-Kostova AT. Therapeutic targeting of the NRF2 and KEAP1 partnership in chronic diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2019; 18:295-317. [PMID: 30610225 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-018-0008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 822] [Impact Index Per Article: 164.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2; encoded by NFE2L2) and its principal negative regulator, the E3 ligase adaptor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), are critical in the maintenance of redox, metabolic and protein homeostasis, as well as the regulation of inflammation. Thus, NRF2 activation provides cytoprotection against numerous pathologies including chronic diseases of the lung and liver; autoimmune, neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders; and cancer initiation. One NRF2 activator has received clinical approval and several electrophilic modifiers of the cysteine-based sensor KEAP1 and inhibitors of its interaction with NRF2 are now in clinical development. However, challenges regarding target specificity, pharmacodynamic properties, efficacy and safety remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cuadrado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Department of Biochemistry and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols UAM-CSIC, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana I Rojo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Department of Biochemistry and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols UAM-CSIC, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Geoffrey Wells
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - John D Hayes
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Anna-Liisa Levonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Thomas W Kensler
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK.
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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180
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Pérez Gutierrez RM, García Campoy AH, Paredes Carrera SP, Muñiz Ramirez A, Mota Flores JM, Flores Valle SO. 3'- O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-α,4,2',4',6'-pentahydroxy-dihydrochalcone, from Bark of Eysenhardtia polystachya Prevents Diabetic Nephropathy via Inhibiting Protein Glycation in STZ-Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Mice. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071214. [PMID: 30925713 PMCID: PMC6480600 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can be the cause of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in diabetic patients. Dihydrochalcone 3′-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl α,4,2′,4′,6′-pentahydroxy–dihydrochalcone (1) is a powerful antiglycation compound previously isolated from Eysenhardtia polystachya. The aim was to investigate whether (1) was able to protect against diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, which displayed renal dysfunction markers such as body weight, creatinine, uric acid, serum urea, total urinary protein, and urea nitrogen in the blood (BUN). In addition, pathological changes were evaluated including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the kidney, as well as in circulation level and pro-inflammatory markers ICAM-1 levels in diabetic mice. After 5 weeks, these elevated markers of dihydrochalcone treatment (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) were significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated. In addition, they ameliorate the indices of renal inflammation as indicated by ICAM-1 markers. The kidney and circulatory AGEs levels in diabetic mice were significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated by (1) treatment. Histological analysis of kidney tissues showed an important recovery in its structure compared with the diabetic group. It was found that the compound (1) attenuated the renal damage in diabetic mice by inhibiting AGEs formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Martha Pérez Gutierrez
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Higher School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries, National Polytechnic Institute, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Ciudad de México CP 07708, Mexico.
| | - Abraham Heriberto García Campoy
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Higher School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries, National Polytechnic Institute, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Ciudad de México CP 07708, Mexico.
| | - Silvia Patricia Paredes Carrera
- Sustainable Nanomaterials Laboratory, Higher School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries, National Polytechnic Institute (IPN) Professional Unit Adolfo Lopez Mateos, S/N Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México CP 07708, Mexico.
| | - Alethia Muñiz Ramirez
- CONACYT-IPICYT/Camino a la Presa de San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4 Sección, San Luis Potosí CP 78216, Mexico.
| | - José Maria Mota Flores
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Higher School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries, National Polytechnic Institute, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Ciudad de México CP 07708, Mexico.
| | - Sergio Odin Flores Valle
- Green Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries, National Polytechnic Institute, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Ciudad de México CP 07708, Mexico.
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Du H, Wang Q, Yang X. Fu Brick Tea Alleviates Chronic Kidney Disease of Rats with High Fat Diet Consumption through Attenuating Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:2839-2847. [PMID: 30829482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fu brick tea is a unique post-fermented dark tea product which undergoes controlled fermentation by "golden flower" fungus Eurotium cristatum. This study examined the effects of Fu brick tea aqueous extract (FTE) to alleviate insulin resistance, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and its regulatory mechanism in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Sixteen-week administration of FTE at 400 mg/kg bw in rats significantly antagonized HFD-induced insulin resistance and CKD with elevations in serum leptin, TC, TG, LDL-C, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, and creatinine levels, respectively ( p < 0.05). FTE treatment decreased the glomerular area, the thickness of basement membrane of renal tubules, and kidney fibrosis in HFD-fed rats. FTE alleviated insulin resistance through down-regulation of SIRP-α expression and activation of the insulin signaling Akt/GLUT4, FoxO1, and mTOR/S6K1 pathways in skeletal muscle. Furthermore, FTE prevented the HFD-caused kidney dysfunction and lipid or collagen accumulation, which was accompanied by the inhibition of GSK-3β phosphorylation and the action of PI3K/Akt and nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 in kidney. These results indicated that FTE alleviated insulin resistance and CKD through modulating insulin signal transduction cascades in skeletal muscle and enhanced the Nrf2 expression in kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Du
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , China
| | - Qi Wang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , China
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , China
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Manna K, Mishra S, Saha M, Mahapatra S, Saha C, Yenge G, Gaikwad N, Pal R, Oulkar D, Banerjee K, Das Saha K. Amelioration of diabetic nephropathy using pomegranate peel extract-stabilized gold nanoparticles: assessment of NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling system. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:1753-1777. [PMID: 30880978 PMCID: PMC6413818 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s176013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN), an end-stage renal disorder, has posed a menace to humankind globally, because of its complex nature and poorly understandable intricate mechanism. In recent times, functional foods as potential health benefits have been gaining attention of consumers and researchers alike. Rich in antioxidants, the peel and seed of pomegranate have previously demonstrated protection against oxidative-stress-related diseases, including cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, and cancer. Purpose This study was designed to investigate the ameliorative role of pomegranate peel extract–stabilized gold nanoparticle (PPE-AuNP) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN in an experimental murine model. Methods Following the reduction methods, AuNP was prepared using the pomegranate peel ellagitannins and characterized by particle size, physical appearance, and morphological architecture. Modulatory potential of PPE-AuNP was examined through the plethora of biochemical and high throughput techniques, flow cytometry, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence. Results The animals treated with PPE-AuNP markedly reduced the fasting blood glucose, renal toxicity indices, and serum TC and TG in a hyperglycemic condition. As evident from an increased level of plasma insulin level, PPE-AuNP normalized the STZ-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. The STZ-mediated suppression of endogenous antioxidant response was restored by the PPE-AuNP treatment, which reduced the generation of LPO as well as iROS. Furthermore, the hyperglycemia-mediated augmentation of protein glycation, followed by the NOX4/p-47phox activation, diminished with the application of PPE-AuNP. The histological and immunohistochemical findings showed the protective efficacy of PPE-AuNP in reducing STZ-induced glomerular sclerosis and renal fibrosis. In addition, it reduced proinflammatory burden through the modulation of the MAPK/NF-κB/STAT3/cytokine axis. Simultaneously, PI3K/AKT-guided Nrf2 activation was evident upon the PPE-AuNP application, which enhanced the antioxidant response and maintained hyperglycemic homeostasis. Conclusion The findings indicate that the use of PPE-AuNPs might act as an economic therapeutic remedy for alleviating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Manna
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India,
| | - Snehasis Mishra
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India,
| | - Moumita Saha
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India,
| | - Supratim Mahapatra
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India,
| | - Chirag Saha
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India,
| | - Govind Yenge
- Postharvest Technology Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Research Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur 413255, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nilesh Gaikwad
- Postharvest Technology Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Research Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur 413255, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ramkrishna Pal
- Postharvest Technology Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Research Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur 413255, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dasharath Oulkar
- National Referral Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune 412307, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- National Referral Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune 412307, Maharashtra, India
| | - Krishna Das Saha
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India,
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183
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Gomes BF, Accardo CDM. Immunoinflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2019; 17:eRB4596. [PMID: 30810587 PMCID: PMC6388724 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2019rb4596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterized as a metabolic syndrome with multiple consequences for the lives of patients, diabetes mellitus is also classified as a chronic non-communicable disease of great scope in the world. It is a complex disease, with different points of view, including the relation between inflammatory process, obesity and insulin resistance due to the performance of the various immunoinflammatory mediators - called adipokines - on glycemic homeostasis. Recent studies have precisely addressed this aspect for the development of drugs that assist in the protection of pancreatic ß cells from the damages arising from oxidative stress and inflammatory process, in order to control the hyperglycemic picture, which is characteristic of diabetes mellitus.
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184
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Wu J, Liang W, Tian Y, Ma F, Huang W, Jia Y, Jiang Z, Wu H. Inhibition of P53/miR-34a improves diabetic endothelial dysfunction via activation of SIRT1. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3538-3548. [PMID: 30793480 PMCID: PMC6484332 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction contributes to diabetic macrovascular complications, resulting in high mortality. Recent findings demonstrate a pathogenic role of P53 in endothelial dysfunction, encouraging the investigation of the effect of P53 inhibition on diabetic endothelial dysfunction. Thus, high glucose (HG)‐treated endothelial cells (ECs) were subjected to pifithrin‐α (PFT‐α)—a specific inhibitor of P53, or P53‐small interfering RNA (siRNA), both of which attenuated the HG‐induced endothelial inflammation and oxidative stress. Moreover, inhibition of P53 by PFT‐α or P53‐siRNA prohibited P53 acetylation, decreased microRNA‐34a (miR‐34a) level, leading to a dramatic increase in sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) protein level. Interestingly, the miR‐34a inhibitor (miR‐34a‐I) and PFT‐α increased SIRT1 protein level and alleviated the HG‐induced endothelial inflammation and oxidative stress to a similar extent; however, these effects of PFT‐α were completely abrogated by the miR‐34a mimic. In addition, SIRT1 inhibition by EX‐527 or Sirt1‐siRNA completely abolished miR‐34a‐I's protection against HG‐induced endothelial inflammation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, in the aortas of streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice, both PFT‐α and miR‐34a‐I rescued the inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction caused by hyperglycaemia. Hence, the present study has uncovered a P53/miR‐34a/SIRT1 pathway that leads to endothelial dysfunction, suggesting that P53/miR‐34a inhibition could be a viable strategy in the management of diabetic macrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junduo Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenzhao Liang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Yueli Tian
- Department of Gastroenteric Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fuzhe Ma
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wenlin Huang
- School of Science and Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, Georgia
| | - Ye Jia
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Ziping Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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185
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Cheng D, Gao L, Su S, Sargsyan D, Wu R, Raskin I, Kong AN. Moringa Isothiocyanate Activates Nrf2: Potential Role in Diabetic Nephropathy. AAPS J 2019; 21:31. [PMID: 30783799 PMCID: PMC6647035 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-019-0301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Moringa isothiocyanate (MIC-1) is the main active isothiocyanate found in Moringa oleifera, a plant consumed as diet and traditional herbal medicine. Compared to sulforaphane (SFN), MICs are less studied and most work have focused on its anti-inflammatory activity. The purpose of this study is to better understand the Nrf2-ARE antioxidant activity of MIC-1 and its potential in diabetic nephropathy. MIC-1 showed little toxicity from 1.25-5 μM. MIC-1 activated Nrf2-ARE at similar levels to SFN. MIC-1 also increased gene expression of downstream Nrf2 genes NQO1, HO-1, and GCLC. Protein expression of HO-1 and GCLC was elevated in MIC-1-treated cells versus control. MIC-1 suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated macrophages. MIC-1 reduced levels of reactive oxygen species in high glucose (HG)-treated human renal proximal tubule HK-2 cells. RNA-seq was performed to examine the transcriptome in HK-2 cells exposed to HG with or without MIC-1. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) of RNA-seq on HK-2 cells exposed to HG identified TGFβ1 and NQO1 regulation as potentially impacted and treatment of HG-exposed HK-2 cells with MIC-1 reversed the gene expression of these two pathways. Results implicate that the transcriptional regulator TGFβ1 signaling is activated by HG and that MIC-1 can inhibit HG-stimulated TGFβ1 activation. In summary, MIC-1 activates Nrf2-ARE signaling, increases expression of Nrf2 target genes, and suppresses inflammation, while also reducing oxidative stress and possibly TGFβ1 signaling in high glucose induced renal cells. Taken together, it appears that one potential therapeutic strategy for managing DN and is currently under development in clinic is Nrf2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, USA
| | - Linbo Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, USA
| | - Shan Su
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, USA
| | - Davit Sargsyan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, USA
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, USA
| | - Ilya Raskin
- Department of Plant Biology & Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08901, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, USA.
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Sathibabu Uddandrao VV, Brahmanaidu P, Nivedha PR, Vadivukkarasi S, Saravanan G. Beneficial Role of Some Natural Products to Attenuate the Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Through Nrf2 Pathway in Cell Culture and Animal Models. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 18:199-205. [PMID: 29080123 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-017-9430-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy, as one of the main cardiac complications in diabetic patients, is identified to connect with oxidative stress that is due to interruption in balance between reactive oxygen species or/and reactive nitrogen species generation and their clearance by antioxidant protection systems. Transcription factor the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a significant role in maintaining the oxidative homeostasis by regulating multiple downstream antioxidants. The Nrf2 plays a significant role in ARE-mediated basal and inducible expression of more than 200 genes that can be grouped into numerous categories as well as antioxidant genes and phase II detoxifying enzymes. On the other hand, activation of Nrf2 by natural and synthetic therapeutics or antioxidants has been revealed effective for the prevention and treatment of toxicities and diseases connected with oxidative stress. Hence, recently focus has been shifted toward plants and plant-based medicines in curing such chronic diseases, as they are supposed to be less toxic. In this review, we focused on the role of some natural products on diabetic cardiomyopathy through Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Sathibabu Uddandrao
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Biological Sciences, K. S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Thokkavadi, Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, 637215, India
| | - Parim Brahmanaidu
- Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, 524003, India
| | - P R Nivedha
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Biological Sciences, K. S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Thokkavadi, Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, 637215, India
| | - S Vadivukkarasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Biological Sciences, K. S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Thokkavadi, Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, 637215, India
| | - Ganapathy Saravanan
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Biological Sciences, K. S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Thokkavadi, Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, 637215, India.
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187
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Li AL, Li GH, Li YR, Wu XY, Ren DM, Lou HX, Wang XN, Shen T. Lignan and flavonoid support the prevention of cinnamon against oxidative stress related diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 53:143-153. [PMID: 30668393 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of many human diseases. Cinnamon is a worldwide used spice, dietary supplement and traditional medicine, and is used for the therapy of oxidative stress related diseases. A well-established concept is that the functions of cinnamon preventing oxidative stress-induced diseases are attributed to the occurrence of cinnamaldehyde and its analogues. HYPOTHESIS In our continuous searching of natural molecules with antioxidant capacity, we have found that cinnamaldehyde and its analogues in cinnamon are weak inhibitors of oxidative stress, and thus we speculate that there are novel and/or potent molecules inhibiting oxidative stress in cinnamon. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A systemic phytochemical investigation of cinnamon using column chromatography was performed to identify the chemical constituents of cinnamon, and then their capacity of inhibiting oxidative stress and action of mechanism targeting Nrf2 pathway were investigated using diverse bioassay, including NAD(P)H: quinone reductase (QR) assay, immunoblot analysis, luciferase reporter gene assay, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. RESULTS Cinnamon improved the intracellular antioxidant capacity. A systemic phytochemical investigation of cinnamon gave the isolation of twenty-two chemical ingredients. The purified constituents were tested for their potential inhibitory effects against oxidative stress. Besides cinnamaldehyde analogues, a lignan pinoresinol (PRO) and a flavonol (-)-(2R,3R)-5,7-dimethoxy-3', 4'-methylenedioxy-flavan-3-ol (MFO) were firstly identified to be inhibitors of oxidative stress. Further study indicated that PRO and MFO activated Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response, and protected human lung epithelial cells against sodium arsenite [As(III)]-induced oxidative insults. CONCLUSION The lignan PRO and the flavonoid MFO are two novel Nrf2 activators protecting tissues against oxidative insults, and these two constituents support the application of cinnamon as an agent against oxidative stress related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ling Li
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Guo-Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, PR China
| | - Yan-Ru Li
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Xue-Yi Wu
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Dong-Mei Ren
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Hong-Xiang Lou
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
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188
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Ling K, Xu A, Chen Y, Chen X, Li Y, Wang W. Protective effect of a hydrogen sulfide donor on balloon injury-induced restenosis via the Nrf2/HIF-1α signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1299-1310. [PMID: 30747216 PMCID: PMC6365080 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Restenosis is liable to occur following treatment with endovascular interventional therapy. Increasing evidence indicates that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exhibits numerous physiological properties, including antioxidative and cardioprotective disease properties. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the anti-restenosis effects of H2S and its protective mechanisms. A balloon dilatation restenosis model was used, in which model Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS: A donor of H2S, 30 µmol/kg) by intraperitoneal injection for 4 weeks. Histological observations of the carotid artery were performed, and H2S production and the expression of Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α signaling pathway proteins were measured. In addition, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with NaHS following the inhibition of Nrf2 or HIF-1α expression. The expression of Nrf2/HIF-1α signaling pathway proteins, tube formation and cell migration were evaluated thereafter. The results demonstrated that NaHS treatment significantly increased H2S production in rats with restenosis, and that neointimal thickness decreased significantly in arteries with restenosis. Furthermore, an increase in H2S production enhanced the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 and expression of its downstream targets, heme oxygenase-1 and superoxide dismutase, as well as HIF-1α. Similar effects of NaHS on the expression of these proteins were observed in HUVECs. Additionally, these findings indicated that NaHS-induced HIF-1α expression was dependent on Nrf2 expression. NaHS treatment also markedly increased tube formation by upregulating vascular endothelial growth factor expression and cell migration, both of which were mediated by the Nrf2/HIF-1α signaling pathway, and suppressed the migration and proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells. Thus, NaHS-mediated H2S production was observed to prevent neointimal hyperplasia, promote activation of the Nrf2/HIF-1α signal pathway, and enhance HUVEC tube formation and migration, thereby exerting protective effects on balloon injury-induced restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Ling
- Department of Anesthesia, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Ancong Xu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325200, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xueyin Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yiqing Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Weici Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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189
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Chen HW, Yang MY, Hung TW, Chang YC, Wang CJ. Nelumbo nucifera leaves extract attenuate the pathological progression of diabetic nephropathy in high-fat diet-fed and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:736-748. [PMID: 31324289 PMCID: PMC9307034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is not only a common and severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus but also the leading cause of renal failure. Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) possesses antioxidative and anticancer properties. The present study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic and renoprotective effects of N. nucifera leaf extract (NLE) in a rat model of type 2 diabetic mellitus. Male Sprague–Dawley rats with type 2 diabetes induced by a high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ) were treated with NLE at dosages of 0.5% and 1% (w/w) daily for 6 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, body weight, serum glucose levels, insulin levels, and kidney function were assessed. Furthermore, antioxidant enzyme and lipid peroxide levels were determined in the kidney, and histopathological examination was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid Schiff staining, and Masson trichrome staining. To shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying the functioning of NLE, mouse glomerular mesangial cells (MES-13) treated with high glucose (HG, 25 mM glucose) were chosen as a model for an examination of the signal transduction pathway of NLE. The results revealed that NLE improved diabetic kidney injury by reducing blood glucose, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities in kidney tissue. Treatment with NLE significantly reduced the malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels and increased serum insulin levels; expression of renal superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities; and glutathione content. Histological studies have also demonstrated that NLE treatment inhibited the dilation of Bowman’s capsule, which confirmed its renoprotective action in diabetes. In addition, treatment with NLE and its major component quercetin 3-glucuronide attenuated 25 mM HG-induced suppressed nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and antioxidant enzyme expression in MES-13 cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that NLE may have antidiabetic and renoprotective effects against HFD/STZ-induced diabetes, at least in part, through antioxidative pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Wei Chen
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Mon-Yuan Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Hung
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Dodson M, de la Vega MR, Cholanians AB, Schmidlin CJ, Chapman E, Zhang DD. Modulating NRF2 in Disease: Timing Is Everything. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 59:555-575. [PMID: 30256716 PMCID: PMC6538038 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010818-021856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a central regulator of redox, metabolic, and protein homeostasis that intersects with many other signaling cascades. Although the understanding of the complex nature of NRF2 signaling continues to grow, there is only one therapeutic targeting NRF2 for clinical use, dimethyl fumarate, used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. The discovery of new therapies is confounded by the fact that NRF2 levels vary significantly depending on physiological and pathological context. Thus, properly timed and targeted manipulation of the NRF2 pathway is critical in creating effective therapeutic regimens. In this review, we summarize the regulation and downstream targets of NRF2. Furthermore, we discuss the role of NRF2 in cancer, neurodegeneration, and diabetes as well as cardiovascular, kidney, and liver disease, with a special emphasis on NRF2-based therapeutics, including those that have made it into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Dodson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA;
| | - Montserrat Rojo de la Vega
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA;
| | - Aram B Cholanians
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA;
| | - Cody J Schmidlin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA;
| | - Eli Chapman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA;
| | - Donna D Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA;
- Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA
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191
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Cheng Y, Liu C, Cui Y, Lv T, Guo Y, Liang J, Qian H. Sporidiobolus pararoseuswall-broken powder ameliorates oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy in type-2 diabetic mice by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway. RSC Adv 2019; 9:8394-8403. [PMID: 35518685 PMCID: PMC9061701 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10484k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
STZ-induced diabetic mice are given a high-fat diet and SPP, which is a rich source of β-carotene, γ-carotene, torulene and torularhodin. The result indicated SPP can ameliorate diabetic nephropathyviaactivating Nrf2/ARE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition
| | - Yan Cui
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing
- Key Laboratory of Preservation Engineering of Agricultural Products
- Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Ningbo 315040
- China
| | - Tianqi Lv
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition
| | - Yahui Guo
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition
| | - Jun Liang
- Guangzhou GRE Metrology & Test Co., Ltd
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - He Qian
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition
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192
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Yagishita Y, Uruno A, Chartoumpekis DV, Kensler TW, Yamamoto M. Nrf2 represses the onset of type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice. J Endocrinol 2019; 240:JOE-18-0355.R2. [PMID: 30625116 PMCID: PMC6602871 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) plays a critical role in oxidative stress responses. While activation of Nrf2 signaling is known to exert anti-inflammatory effects, Nrf2 function in inflammation-mediated autoimmune disorders, such as type 1 diabetes, is not well established. To address the roles of Nrf2 in protection against autoreactive T-cell-induced type 1 diabetes, we used non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, a polygenic model of human type 1 diabetes, to generate a genetic model that allowed us to assess the contribution of Nrf2 activation to preventing and/or treating type 1 diabetes. As Keap1 negatively regulates Nrf2, we used Keap1 gene knockdown driven by either hypomorphic or knockout alleles of Keap1,which enhances Nrf2 signaling to moderate and excess levels, respectively. We found that Nrf2 activation in NOD::Keap1FA/- mice inhibited T-cell infiltration within or near the islets, ameliorated impairment of insulin secretion, and prevented development of diabetes mellitus in the NOD mice. Notably, Nrf2 activation decreased both plasma interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels and IFN-γ-positive cell numbers in the pancreatic islets. These findings were also observed in mice with two hypomorphic Keap1 alleles (Keap1FA/FA). Both NOD::Keap1FA/- and NOD::Keap1FA/FA mice had decreased incidence of diabetes mellitus, demonstrating that the activation of Nrf2 signaling prevents the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus in NOD mice. Thus, Nrf2 appears to be a potential target for preventing and treating type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Yagishita
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University
Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of
Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Akira Uruno
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University
Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
- Tohoku Medical-Megabank Organization, Tohoku University,
Sendai, Miyagi 980-8573, Japan
| | - Dionysios V. Chartoumpekis
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of
Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Thomas W. Kensler
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of
Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University
Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
- Tohoku Medical-Megabank Organization, Tohoku University,
Sendai, Miyagi 980-8573, Japan
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193
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Zhu Y, Xu J, Liang W, Li J, Feng L, Zheng P, Ji T, Bai S. miR-98-5p Alleviated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Renal Fibrosis via Targeting Hmga2 in Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:4946181. [PMID: 31885559 PMCID: PMC6925681 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4946181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, microRNAs have been recognized as crucial regulators of diabetic nephropathy (DN) development. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) can play a significant role in tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and it is a hallmark of diabetic nephropathy progression. Nevertheless, the function of miR-98-5p in the modulation of EMT and renal fibrosis during DN remains barely investigated. Hence, identifying the mechanisms of miR-98-5p in regulating EMT and fibrosis is of huge significance. In our present research, decreased miR-98-5p was demonstrated in db/db mice and mice mesangial cells treated with the high dose of glucose. Meanwhile, activated EMT and increased fibrosis was accompanied with the decrease of miR-98-5p in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, to further find out the roles of miR-98-5p in DN development, overexpression of miR-98-5p was applied. Firstly, in vivo investigation exhibited that elevation of miR-98-5p restrained proteinuria, serum creatinine, BUN, the EMT process, and fibrosis. Furthermore, high glucose was able to promote mice mesangial cell proliferation, EMT process, and induced renal fibrosis, which could be prevented by overexpression of miR-98-5p. Moreover, high mobility group A (HMGA2) can exhibit an important role in diverse biological processes. Here, HMGA2 was investigated as a target of miR-98-5p currently. Luciferase reporter assay was conducted and the correlation of miR-98-5p and HMGA2 was validated. Moreover, it was displayed that HMGA2 was remarkably elevated in db/db mice and mice mesangial cells. Furthermore, miR-98-5p strongly depressed HMGA2 protein and mRNA levels in mice mesangial cells. Overall, these revealed miR-98-5p could suppress the EMT process and renal fibrosis through targeting HMGA2 in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Jiang Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Wenxing Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Linhong Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - PengXi Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Tingting Ji
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Shoujun Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, China
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194
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Effects of Rich-Polyphenols Extract of Dendrobium loddigesii on Anti-Diabetic, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Oxidant, and Gut Microbiota Modulation in db/db Mice. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123245. [PMID: 30544624 PMCID: PMC6320866 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium is a traditional Chinese herb with anti-diabetic effects and has diverse bibenzyls as well as phenanthrenes. Little is known about Dendrobium polyphenols anti-diabetic activities, so, a rich-polyphenols extract of D. loddigesii (DJP) was used for treatment of diabetic db/db mice; the serum biochemical index and tissue appearance were evaluated. In order to gain an insight into the anti-diabetic mechanism, the oxidative stress index, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and gut microbiota modulation were determined by ELISA, immunohistochemistry or high throughput sequencing 16S rRNA gene. The results revealed that DJP had the effects to decrease the blood glucose, body weight, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and increase insulin (INS) level in the mice. DJP improved the mice fatty liver and diabetic nephropathy. DJP showed the anti-oxidative abilities to reduce the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and increase the contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) as well as glutathione (GSH). DJP exerted the anti-inflammatory effects of decreasing expression of IL-6 and TNF-α. After treatment of DJP, the intestinal flora balance of the mice was ameliorated, increasing Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratios as well as the relative abundance of Prevotella/Akkermansia and reducing the relative abundance of S24-7/Rikenella/Escherichia coli. The function’s prediction of gut microbiota indicated that the microbial compositions involved carbohydrate metabolism or lipid metabolism were changed. This study revealed for the first time that DJP improves the mice symptoms of diabetes and complications, which might be due to the effects that DJP induced the decrease of inflammation as well as oxidative stress and improvement of intestinal flora balance.
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195
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Yaribeygi H, Simental‐Mendía LE, Butler AE, Sahebkar A. Protective effects of plant‐derived natural products on renal complications. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:12161-12172. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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196
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Yang WJ, Li YR, Gao H, Wu XY, Wang XL, Wang XN, Xiang L, Ren DM, Lou HX, Shen T. Protective effect of the ethanol extract from Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 227:166-175. [PMID: 30176347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Abbreviated as LC) is a frequently prescribed component in plenty of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas which are used to treat diabetic nephropathy (DN). The aims of the present study are to investigate the protective effect of the ethanol extract of LC rhizome (EEL) against DN in vivo, evaluate its potential mechanism, and find the evidence supporting its enthopharmacological use as an anti-DN agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hepa 1c1c7 murine hepatoma cells, human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells, human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGEC), and RAW 264.7 murine macrophages were adopted to test the effects of EEL and its active constituents on inhibitions of oxidative stress and inflammation in vitro. A streptozotocin (STZ) -induced DN C57BL/6 mice model was established and used to investigate the preventive effect of EEL against DN in vivo. RESULTS EEL demonstrated potential inhibitory effects against oxidative stress and inflammation in vitro. Using a STZ-induced DN mice model, it has been found that EEL treatment significantly prevented STZ-induced increases of urine production, urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), and markedly attenuated STZ-induced renal damages (e.g. glomerulosclerosis and fibrosis). The predominant bioactive constituents, Z-ligustilide (LGT), ferulic acid (FA), and tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), were inhibitors of oxidative stress and inflammation through acting with Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways. CONCLUSIONS EEL attenuates structural and functional damages of kidney in STZ-induced DN model in vivo, which might be related to the functions of EEL on inhibitions of oxidative stress and inflammation. These finding definitely supports the ethnopharmacological use of LC as an anti-DN agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Yang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ru Li
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Gao
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Yi Wu
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wang
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Xiang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Mei Ren
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Xiang Lou
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
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197
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Ding X, Jian T, Wu Y, Zuo Y, Li J, Lv H, Ma L, Ren B, Zhao L, Li W, Chen J. Ellagic acid ameliorates oxidative stress and insulin resistance in high glucose-treated HepG2 cells via miR-223/keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 110:85-94. [PMID: 30466006 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
As a promising new target, miR-233 may regulate oxidative stress by targeting keap1-Nrf2 system to affect the pathological process of liver injury in T2DM. Ellagic acid (EA) is versatile for protecting oxidative stress damage and metabolic disorders. In the present study, we investigated the effect of EA on oxidative stress and insulin resistance in high glucose-induced T2DM HepG2 cells and examined the role of miR-223/keap1-Nrf2 pathway in system. HepG2 cells were incubated in 30 mM of glucose, with or without EA (15 and 30 μM) or metformin (Met, 150 μM) for 12 h. Glucose consumption, phosphorylation of IRS1, Akt and ERK under insulin stimulation, ROS and O2- production, MDA level, SOD activity and miR-223 expression, as well as protein levels of keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, SOD1 and SOD2 were analyzed. Furthermore, dual luciferase reporter assay, miR-223 mimic and inhibitor were implemented in cellular studies to explore the possible mechanism. EA upregulated glucose consumption, IRS1, Akt and ERK phosphorylation under insulin stimulation, reduced ROS and O2- production and MDA level, and increased SOD activity in high glucose-exposed HepG2 cells. In addition, EA elevated miR-223 expression level, downregulated mRNA and protein levels of keap1, and upregulated Nrf2, HO-1, SOD1 and SOD2 protein levels in this cell model. What's more, dual luciferase reporter assay, miR-223 mimic and inhibitor transfection confirmed that EA activated keap1-Nrf2 system via elevating miR-223. The miR-223, a negative regulator of keap1, represents an attractive therapeutic target in hepatic injury in T2DM. EA ameliorates oxidative stress and insulin resistance via miR-223-mediated keap1-Nrf2 activation in high glucose-induced T2DM HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Ding
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Tunyu Jian
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuexian Wu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zuo
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Han Lv
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bingru Ren
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Weilin Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
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198
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Matzinger M, Fischhuber K, Heiss EH. Activation of Nrf2 signaling by natural products-can it alleviate diabetes? Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1738-1767. [PMID: 29289692 PMCID: PMC5967606 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has reached pandemic proportions and effective prevention strategies are wanted. Its onset is accompanied by cellular distress, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor boosting cytoprotective responses, and many phytochemicals activate Nrf2 signaling. Thus, Nrf2 activation by natural products could presumably alleviate DM. We summarize function, regulation and exogenous activation of Nrf2, as well as diabetes-linked and Nrf2-susceptible forms of cellular stress. The reported amelioration of insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and diabetic complications by activated Nrf2 as well as the status quo of Nrf2 in precision medicine for DM are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Matzinger
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmacognosy, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Fischhuber
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmacognosy, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elke H Heiss
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmacognosy, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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199
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Hozzein WN, Badr G, Badr BM, Allam A, Ghamdi AA, Al-Wadaan MA, Al-Waili NS. Bee venom improves diabetic wound healing by protecting functional macrophages from apoptosis and enhancing Nrf2, Ang-1 and Tie-2 signaling. Mol Immunol 2018; 103:322-335. [PMID: 30366166 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Impaired wound healing is a serious complication of diabetes that negatively affects the patient's socioeconomic life. Multiple mechanisms contribute to impaired diabetic wound healing including deficient recruitment of wound macrophages/neutrophils and impaired neovascularization. Bee venom (BV) has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of several diseases. Nevertheless, the impacts of BV on the diabetic wound healing have been poorly studied. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying BV treatment on diabetic wound healing in a type I diabetic mouse model. Three experimental groups were used: group 1, non-diabetic control mice; group 2, vehicle-diabetic mice; and group 3, BV-treated diabetic mice. We found that the diabetic mice exhibited impaired wound closure characterized by a significant decrease in collagen and β-defensin-2 (BD-2) expression compared to control non-diabetic mice. The impairment of diabetic wound healing is attributed to increased ROS levels and abolished antioxidant enzymes activity in the wounded tissues. Additionally, wounded tissue in diabetic mice revealed aberrantly decreased levels of Ang-1 and Nrf2 (the agonist ligands of Tie-2) followed by a marked reduction in the phosphorylation of Tie2 and downstream signaling eNOS, AKT and ERK. Impaired diabetic wound healing was also characterized by a significant reduction in activities of total antioxidant enzymes followed by a marked reduction in the levels of CCL2, CCL3 and CXCL2; which led to impaired recruitment and functions of wound macrophages/neutrophils; and significant reduction in the expression of CD31, a marker for neovascularization and angiogenesis of the injured tissue. Interestingly, BV treatment significantly enhanced wound closure in diabetic mice by increasing collagen and BD-2 expression and restoring the levels of Ang-1 and Nrf2 and hence enhancing the Tie-2 downstream signaling. Most importantly, treatment of diabetic mice with BV significantly restored the activities of wounded tissue antioxidant enzymes and the levels of chemokines, and subsequently rescued wound macrophages from mitochondrial membrane potential-induced apoptosis. Our findings reveal the immune-enhancing effects of BV for improving healing process of diabetic wounds and provide the first insight concerning the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael N Hozzein
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Gamal Badr
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516, Assiut, Egypt; Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Physiology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Badr M Badr
- Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Allam
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Al Ghamdi
- Chair of Engineer Abdullah Baqshan for Bee Research, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Al-Wadaan
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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200
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Negi CK, Jena G. Nrf2, a novel molecular target to reduce type 1 diabetes associated secondary complications: The basic considerations. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 843:12-26. [PMID: 30359563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are the mediators of diabetes and related secondary complications. Oxidative stress arises because of the excessive production of reactive oxygen species and diminished antioxidant production due to impaired Nrf2 activation, the master regulator of endogenous antioxidant. It has been established from various animal models that the transcription factor Nrf2 provides cytoprotection, ameliorates oxidative stress, inflammation and delays the progression of diabetes and its associated complications. Whereas, deletion of the transcription factor Nrf2 amplifies tissue level pathogenic alterations. In addition, Nrf2 also regulates the expression of numerous cellular defensive genes and protects against oxidative stress-mediated injuries in diabetes. The present review provides an overview on the role of Nrf2 in type 1 diabetes and explores if it could be a potential target for the treatment of diabetes and related complications. Further, the rationality of different agent's intervention has been discussed to mitigate organ damages induced by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chander K Negi
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Gopabandhu Jena
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
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