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The Place of Immune Reconstitution Therapy in the Management of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis in France: An Expert Consensus. Neurol Ther 2022; 12:351-369. [PMID: 36564664 PMCID: PMC10043116 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-022-00430-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment strategy in relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) is a complex decision requiring individualization of treatment sequences to maximize clinical outcomes. Current local and international guidelines do not provide specific recommendation on the use of immune reconstitution therapy (IRT) as alternative to continuous immunosuppression in the management of RMS. The objective of the program was to provide consensus-based expert opinion on the optimal use of IRT in the management of RMS. A Delphi method was performed from May 2022 to July 2022. Nineteen clinical assertions were developed by a scientific committee and sent to 14 French clinical experts in MS alongside published literature. Two consecutive reproducible anonymous votes were conducted. Consensus on recommendations was achieved when more than 75% of the respondents agreed or disagreed with the clinical assertions. After the second round, consensus was achieved amongst 16 out of 19 propositions: 13 clinical assertions had a 100% consensus, 3 clinical assertions a consensus above 75% and 3 without consensus. Expert-agreed consensus is provided on topics related to the benefit of the early use of IRT from immunological and clinical perspectives, profiles of patients who may benefit most from the IRT strategy (e.g. patients with family planning, patient preference and lifestyle requirements). These French expert consensuses provide up-to-date relevant guidance on the use of IRT in clinical practice. The current program reflects status of knowledge in 2022 and should be updated in timely manner when further clinical data in IRT become available.
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Specific Aspects of Immunotherapy for Multiple Sclerosis in Switzerland—A Structured Commentary, Update 2022. CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/ctn7010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly relapsing MS (RMS), has become a treatable disease in recent decades, and immunotherapies are now able to influence long-term disease course. A wide range of disease-modifying drugs are available, which makes the choice of therapy in individual cases considerably more complex. Due to specific regulatory aspects (partly diverging approvals by Swissmedic compared to the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and an independent evaluation process for the Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH) specialities list (SL)), we issued a consensus recommendation regarding specific aspects of immunotherapy for MS in Switzerland in 2019. Here, we present revised recommendations with an update on newly approved drugs and new safety aspects, also in reference to the risk of COVID-19 infection and vaccination.
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153
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Antunes FTT, De Souza AH, Figueira J, Binda NS, Carvalho VPR, Vieira LB, Gomez MV. Targeting N-type calcium channels in young-onset of some neurological diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1090765. [PMID: 36601540 PMCID: PMC9806183 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1090765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca 2+) is an important second messenger in charge of many critical processes in the central nervous system (CNS), including membrane excitability, neurotransmission, learning, memory, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. In this way, the voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) act as a key supply for Ca2+ entry into the cytoplasm and organelles. Importantly, the dysregulation of these channels has been reported in many neurological diseases of young-onset, with associated genetic factors, such as migraine, multiple sclerosis, and Huntington's disease. Notably, the literature has pointed to the role of N-type Ca2+ channels (NTCCs) in controlling a variety of processes, including pain, inflammation, and excitotoxicity. Moreover, several Ca2+ channel blockers that are used for therapeutic purposes have been shown to act on the N-type channels. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the NTCCs in neurological disorders focusing mainly on Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, and migraine. It will discuss possible strategies to generate novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Tasmin Techera Antunes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alessandra Hubner De Souza
- Post-Graduate Program of Health Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil,*Correspondence: Alessandra Hubner De Souza, ; Marcus Vinícius Gomez,
| | - Juliana Figueira
- Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nancy Scardua Binda
- Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luciene Bruno Vieira
- Pharmacology Departament, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Gomez
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty Santa Casa BH, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil,*Correspondence: Alessandra Hubner De Souza, ; Marcus Vinícius Gomez,
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154
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Manai F, Govoni S, Amadio M. The Challenge of Dimethyl Fumarate Repurposing in Eye Pathologies. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244061. [PMID: 36552824 PMCID: PMC9777082 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a small molecule currently approved and used in the treatment of psoriasis and multiple sclerosis due to its immuno-modulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. As an Nrf2 activator through Keap1 protein inhibition, DMF unveils a potential therapeutical use that is much broader than expected so far. In this comprehensive review we discuss the state-of-art and future perspectives regarding the potential repositioning of this molecule in the panorama of eye pathologies, including Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). The DMF's mechanism of action, an extensive analysis of the in vitro and in vivo evidence of its beneficial effects, together with a search of the current clinical trials, are here reported. Altogether, this evidence gives an overview of the new potential applications of this molecule in the context of ophthalmological diseases characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress, with a special focus on AMD, for which our gene-disease (KEAP1-AMD) database search, followed by a protein-protein interaction analysis, further supports the rationale of DMF use. The necessity to find a topical route of DMF administration to the eye is also discussed. In conclusion, the challenge of DMF repurposing in eye pathologies is feasible and worth scientific attention and well-focused research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Manai
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Govoni
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marialaura Amadio
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382-987888
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155
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Boehme M, Guzzetta KE, Wasén C, Cox LM. The gut microbiota is an emerging target for improving brain health during ageing. GUT MICROBIOME (CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND) 2022; 4:E2. [PMID: 37179659 PMCID: PMC10174391 DOI: 10.1017/gmb.2022.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays crucial roles in maintaining the health and homeostasis of its host throughout lifespan, including through its ability to impact brain function and regulate behaviour during ageing. Studies have shown that there are disparate rates of biologic ageing despite equivalencies in chronologic age, including in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, which suggests that environmental factors may play an important role in determining health outcomes in ageing. Recent evidence demonstrates that the gut microbiota may be a potential novel target to ameliorate symptoms of brain ageing and promote healthy cognition. This review highlights the current knowledge around the relationships between the gut microbiota and host brain ageing, including potential contributions to age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, we assess key areas for which gut microbiota-based strategies may present as opportunities for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Boehme
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katherine Elizabeth Guzzetta
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Wasén
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Laura Michelle Cox
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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156
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Thomas S, Bradley J, Cole G, Girvan M, Metcalfe G, Naik P, Owen A, Solomons M, Stross R, Yates A, Webb M, White S, Young J. The neurogenic bladder: developing a consensus bladder and bowel management pathway for people with MS. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NURSING (MARK ALLEN PUBLISHING) 2022; 31:1088-1095. [PMID: 36416631 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2022.31.21.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This article outlines how the bladder can be affected in neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and the impact this has on patient quality of life and NHS resources. A group of MS and bladder and bowel nurse specialists has developed consensus bladder pathways in the hope that all nurses in contact with patients who are likely to have neurogenic bladder symptoms become 'bladder aware'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Thomas
- Independent Healthcare Consultant, Devon
| | - Joan Bradley
- Lead Nurse in MS and Rehabilitation, The Hillingdon Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - Marie Girvan
- Advanced Specialist Nurse, Bladder and Bowel Service, Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Gale Metcalfe
- MS Nurse Specialist, Clinical Nurse Specialist Team Leader, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - Audrey Owen
- MS Nurse Specialist, Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Trust
| | | | - Ruth Stross
- MS Nurse Specialist, Neuro Rehabilitation Team, Surrey Downs Health & Care, Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, and Head of Nursing, Neurology Academy
| | - Ann Yates
- Director of Continence Services, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, South Wales
| | - Mark Webb
- Disability and diversity campaigner; Head of Communications, Shift.MS
| | - Sarah White
- Lead MS Clinical Nurse Specialist, Atkinson Morley Regional Neurosciences Centre, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London
| | - Jane Young
- Nurse Consultant, Bladder and Bowel Service, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust
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157
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Di Liegro CM, Schiera G, Schirò G, Di Liegro I. RNA-Binding Proteins as Epigenetic Regulators of Brain Functions and Their Involvement in Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314622. [PMID: 36498959 PMCID: PMC9739182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A central aspect of nervous system development and function is the post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA fate, which implies time- and site-dependent translation, in response to cues originating from cell-to-cell crosstalk. Such events are fundamental for the establishment of brain cell asymmetry, as well as of long-lasting modifications of synapses (long-term potentiation: LTP), responsible for learning, memory, and higher cognitive functions. Post-transcriptional regulation is in turn dependent on RNA-binding proteins that, by recognizing and binding brief RNA sequences, base modifications, or secondary/tertiary structures, are able to control maturation, localization, stability, and translation of the transcripts. Notably, most RBPs contain intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) that are thought to be involved in the formation of membrane-less structures, probably due to liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Such structures are evidenced as a variety of granules that contain proteins and different classes of RNAs. The other side of the peculiar properties of IDRs is, however, that, under altered cellular conditions, they are also prone to form aggregates, as observed in neurodegeneration. Interestingly, RBPs, as part of both normal and aggregated complexes, are also able to enter extracellular vesicles (EVs), and in doing so, they can also reach cells other than those that produced them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Maria Di Liegro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche) (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Schiera
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche) (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Schirò
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata) (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Italia Di Liegro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata) (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-091-238-97 (ext. 415/446)
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158
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Vistbakka J, Sumelahti ML, Lehtimäki T, Hagman S. Temporal variability of serum miR-191, miR-223, miR-128, and miR-24 in multiple sclerosis: A 4-year follow-up study. J Neurol Sci 2022; 442:120395. [PMID: 36084364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating microRNAs (miRNA) are suggested to be a promising biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS). Previously, miR-128-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-191-5p and miR-223-3p have been reported to associate with MS pathology. However, their longitudinal changes and association with the disease activity have not been studied. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the serum temporal variability of miR-128-3p, miR-191-5p, miR-24-3p, and miR-223-3p and their association with disability and disease activity in MS. METHODS The expression of four miRNAs in serum was studied in 57 MS patients, 18 clinically isolated syndrome patients, and 32 healthy controls over the four-year follow-up. RESULTS At the baseline, miR-191-5p was overexpressed in RRMS in comparison to controls, and its levels correlated positively with EDSS and progression index (PI) in RRMS. Increased levels of miR-128-3p were detected in PPMS in comparison to controls, and increased levels correlated with EDSS and PI in RRMS. The expression of miR-24-3p and miR-223-3p did not differ between the subtypes, but miR-223-3p correlated negatively with T1 lesions volumes in SPMS and PPMS. Over the four-years follow-up period, the expression of miR-128-3p and miR-24-3p was stable longitudinally, while temporal changes of miR-191-5p and miR-223-3p were observed in MS. Temporal changes in miR-191-5p were observed to be associated with an increase of EDSS or MRI activity, while the variability of miR-223-3p was associated with relapses. CONCLUSION Temporal variability of miR-191-5p and miR-223-3p are associated with changes in disability accumulation and disease activity. While, miR-128-3p was stably expressed and associated with the PPMS subtype and correlated with disability accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Vistbakka
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Marja-Liisa Sumelahti
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere 33520, Finland.
| | - Sanna Hagman
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
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159
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Wieland L, Schwarz T, Engel K, Volkmer I, Krüger A, Tarabuko A, Junghans J, Kornhuber ME, Hoffmann F, Staege MS, Emmer A. Epstein-Barr Virus-Induced Genes and Endogenous Retroviruses in Immortalized B Cells from Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223619. [PMID: 36429047 PMCID: PMC9688211 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is thought to be triggered by environmental factors in individuals with an unfavorable genetic predisposition. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a major risk factor for subsequent development of MS. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) can be activated by EBV, and might be a missing link between an initial EBV infection and the later onset of MS. In this study, we investigated differential gene expression patterns in EBV-immortalized lymphoblastoid B cell lines (LCL) from MS-affected individuals (MSLCL) and controls by using RNAseq and qRT-PCR. RNAseq data from LCL mapped to the human genome and a virtual virus metagenome were used to identify possible biomarkers for MS or disease-relevant risk factors, e.g., the relapse rate. We observed that lytic EBNA-1 transcripts seemed to be negatively correlated with age leading to an increased expression in LCL from younger PBMC donors. Further, HERV-K (HML-2) GAG was increased upon EBV-triggered immortalization. Besides the well-known transactivation of HERV-K18, our results suggest that another six HERV loci are up-regulated upon stimulation with EBV. We identified differentially expressed genes in MSLCL, e.g., several HERV-K loci, ERVMER61-1 and ERV3-1, as well as genes associated with relapses. In summary, EBV induces genes and HERV in LCL that might be suitable as biomarkers for MS or the relapse risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Wieland
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Surgical and Conservative Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tommy Schwarz
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kristina Engel
- Department of Surgical and Conservative Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ines Volkmer
- Department of Surgical and Conservative Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anna Krüger
- Department of Surgical and Conservative Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alexander Tarabuko
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jutta Junghans
- Department of Neurology, Martha-Maria Hospital Halle-Dölau, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Malte E. Kornhuber
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Frank Hoffmann
- Department of Neurology, Martha-Maria Hospital Halle-Dölau, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Martin S. Staege
- Department of Surgical and Conservative Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-34-5557-7280
| | - Alexander Emmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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160
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Choi EY, Tian L, Su JH, Radovan MT, Tourdias T, Tran TT, Trelle AN, Mormino E, Wagner AD, Rutt BK. Thalamic nuclei atrophy at high and heterogenous rates during cognitively unimpaired human aging. Neuroimage 2022; 262:119584. [PMID: 36007822 PMCID: PMC9787236 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The thalamus is a central integration structure in the brain, receiving and distributing information among the cerebral cortex, subcortical structures, and the peripheral nervous system. Prior studies clearly show that the thalamus atrophies in cognitively unimpaired aging. However, the thalamus is comprised of multiple nuclei involved in a wide range of functions, and the age-related atrophy of individual thalamic nuclei remains unknown. Using a recently developed automated method of identifying thalamic nuclei (3T or 7T MRI with white-matter-nulled MPRAGE contrast and THOMAS segmentation) and a cross-sectional design, we evaluated the age-related atrophy rate for 10 thalamic nuclei (AV, CM, VA, VLA, VLP, VPL, pulvinar, LGN, MGN, MD) and an epithalamic nucleus (habenula). We also used T1-weighted images with the FreeSurfer SAMSEG segmentation method to identify and measure age-related atrophy for 11 extra-thalamic structures (cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter, cerebellar cortex, cerebellar white matter, amygdala, hippocampus, caudate, putamen, nucleus accumbens, pallidum, and lateral ventricle). In 198 cognitively unimpaired participants with ages spanning 20-88 years, we found that the whole thalamus atrophied at a rate of 0.45% per year, and that thalamic nuclei had widely varying age-related atrophy rates, ranging from 0.06% to 1.18% per year. A functional grouping analysis revealed that the thalamic nuclei involved in cognitive (AV, MD; 0.53% atrophy per year), visual (LGN, pulvinar; 0.62% atrophy per year), and auditory/vestibular (MGN; 0.64% atrophy per year) functions atrophied at significantly higher rates than those involved in motor (VA, VLA, VLP, and CM; 0.37% atrophy per year) and somatosensory (VPL; 0.32% atrophy per year) functions. A proximity-to-CSF analysis showed that the group of thalamic nuclei situated immediately adjacent to CSF atrophied at a significantly greater atrophy rate (0.59% atrophy per year) than that of the group of nuclei located farther from CSF (0.36% atrophy per year), supporting a growing hypothesis that CSF-mediated factors contribute to neurodegeneration. We did not find any significant hemispheric differences in these rates of change for thalamic nuclei. Only the CM thalamic nucleus showed a sex-specific difference in atrophy rates, atrophying at a greater rate in male versus female participants. Roughly half of the thalamic nuclei showed greater atrophy than all extra-thalamic structures examined (0% to 0.54% per year). These results show the value of white-matter-nulled MPRAGE imaging and THOMAS segmentation for measuring distinct thalamic nuclei and for characterizing the high and heterogeneous atrophy rates of the thalamus and its nuclei across the adult lifespan. Collectively, these methods and results advance our understanding of the role of thalamic substructures in neurocognitive and disease-related changes that occur with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, MC5327, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lu Tian
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, 1265 Welch Road, MC5464, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jason H. Su
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, MC5488, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, 350 Jane Stanford Way, MC9505, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew T. Radovan
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, 353 Jane Stanford Way, MC9025, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thomas Tourdias
- Department of Neuroradiology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France,INSERM U1215, Neurocentre Magendie, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - Tammy T. Tran
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Building 420, MC2130, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alexandra N. Trelle
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Building 420, MC2130, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Elizabeth Mormino
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford, University, 300 Pasteur Drive, MC5235, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, 290 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anthony D. Wagner
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Building 420, MC2130, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, 290 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Brian K. Rutt
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, MC5488, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, 290 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,Corresponding author. (B.K. Rutt)
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161
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Costantini E, Masciarelli E, Casorri L, Di Luigi M, Reale M. Medicinal herbs and multiple sclerosis: Overview on the hard balance between new therapeutic strategy and occupational health risk. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:985943. [PMID: 36439198 PMCID: PMC9688751 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.985943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by demyelination and axonal loss of the central nervous system (CNS). Despite its spread throughout the world, the mechanisms that determine its onset are still to be defined. Immunological, genetic, viral, and environmental factors and exposure to chemicals may trigger MS. Many studies have highlighted the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of medicinal herbs, which make them a natural and complementary treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. A severe reduction of several MS symptoms occurs with herbal therapy. Thus, the request for medicinal plants with potential beneficial effects, for MS patients, is constantly increasing. Consequently, a production increase needs. Unfortunately, many medicinal herbs were untested and their action mechanism, possible adverse effects, contraindications, or interactions with other drugs, are poorly or not investigated. Keeping in mind the pathological mechanisms of MS and the oxidative damages and mitochondrial dysfunctions induced by pesticides, it is important to understand if pesticides used to increase agricultural productivity and their residues in medicinal plants, may increase the risk of developing MS in both workers and consumers. Studies providing some indication about the relationship between environmental exposure to pesticides and MS disease incidence are few, fragmentary, and discordant. The aim of this article is to provide a glance at the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants and at the risk for MS onset of pesticides used by medicinal plant growers and present in medicinal herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Costantini
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Eva Masciarelli
- Department of Technological Innovations and Safety of Plants, Products and Anthropic Settlements, National Institute for Insurance Against Accidents at Work, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Casorri
- Department of Technological Innovations and Safety of Plants, Products and Anthropic Settlements, National Institute for Insurance Against Accidents at Work, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Di Luigi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL Research Center, National Institute for Insurance Against Accidents at Work, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcella Reale
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marcella Reale,
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Rommer PS, Bsteh G, Zrzavy T, Hoeftberger R, Berger T. Immunosenescence in Neurological Diseases-Is There Enough Evidence? Biomedicines 2022; 10:2864. [PMID: 36359383 PMCID: PMC9687682 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging of the immune system has recently attracted a lot of attention. Immune senescence describes changes that the immune system undergoes over time. The importance of immune senescence in neurological diseases is increasingly discussed. For this review, we considered studies that investigated cellular changes in the aging immune system and in neurological disease. Twenty-six studies were included in our analysis (for the following diseases: multiple sclerosis, stroke, Parkinson's disease, and dementia). The studies differed considerably in terms of the patient groups included and the cell types studied. Evidence for immunosenescence in neurological diseases is currently very limited. Prospective studies in well-defined patient groups with appropriate control groups, as well as comprehensive methodology and reporting, are essential prerequisites to generate clear insights into immunosenescence in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulus S Rommer
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriel Bsteh
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tobias Zrzavy
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Hoeftberger
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Comprohensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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163
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Regner-Nelke L, Pawlitzki M, Willison A, Rolfes L, Oezalp SH, Nelke C, Kölsche T, Korsen M, Grothe M, Groppa S, Luessi F, Engel S, Nelles G, Bonmann E, Roick H, Friedrich A, Knorn P, Landefeld H, Biro Z, Ernst M, Bayas A, Menacher M, Akgün K, Kleinschnitz C, Ruck T, Ziemssen T, Pul R, Meuth SG. Real-world evidence on siponimod treatment in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Neurol Res Pract 2022; 4:55. [PMID: 36336685 PMCID: PMC9639325 DOI: 10.1186/s42466-022-00219-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Therapeutic options targeting inflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS) have evolved rapidly for relapsing–remitting MS, whereas few therapies are available for progressive forms of MS, in particular secondary progressive MS (SPMS). The approval of siponimod for SPMS has allowed for optimism in the otherwise discouraging therapeutic landscape.
Methods We conducted a retrospective, multicenter, non-interventional study analyzing the efficacy and safety of siponimod under real-world conditions in 227 SPMS patients. According to the retrospective study framework, data was acquired at prespecified time points. Clinical readouts were assessed every three months. Disease progression was determined as increase in expanded disability status scale (EDSS), radiological progression, or the occurrence of new relapses under treatment. For safety analyses, adverse events (AE) and reasons for discontinuation were documented. The collected data points were analyzed at baseline and after 6, 12 and 18 months. However, data were predominately collected at the 6- and 12-month time points as many patients were lost to follow-up. In a group consisting of 41 patients, a more detailed investigation regarding disease progression was conducted, including data from measurement of cognitive and motoric functions. Results Under siponimod therapy, 64.8% of patients experienced sustained clinical disease stability at 12 months. Out of the stable patients 21.4% of patients improved. Of the remaining patients, 31.5% experienced EDSS progression, 3.7% worsened without meeting the threshold for progression. Relapses occurred in 7.4%. Radiological disease activity was detected in 24.1% of patients after six months of treatment and in 29.6% of patients at 12 months follow-up. The in-depth cohort consisting of 41 patients demonstrated no substantial changes in cognitive abilities measured by Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test and Symbol Digit Modalities Test or motoric functions measured with Timed 25-Foot Walk, 100-m timed test, and 9-Hole Peg Test throughout the 12-month study period. Radiological assessment showed a stable volume of white and grey matter, as well as a stable lesion count at 12 months follow-up. AE were observed in nearly half of the included patients, with lymphopenia being the most common. Due to disease progression or AE, 31.2% of patients discontinued therapy. Conclusion Treatment with siponimod had an overall stabilizing effect regarding clinical and radiological outcome measures. However, there is a need for more intensive treatment management and monitoring to identify disease progression and AE. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42466-022-00219-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesa Regner-Nelke
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Pawlitzki
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alice Willison
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Leoni Rolfes
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sinem-Hilal Oezalp
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany.,Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christopher Nelke
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tristan Kölsche
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melanie Korsen
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Grothe
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sergiu Groppa
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Felix Luessi
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sinah Engel
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Holger Roick
- E/M/S/A Center for Neurology / Psychiatry / Neuroradiology, Singen, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Zoltan Biro
- Clinic for Neurology Selzer, Baiersbronn, Germany
| | - Michael Ernst
- Center for Neurology, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Sinsheim, Germany
| | - Antonios Bayas
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Martina Menacher
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Katja Akgün
- Center of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany.,Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Ruck
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tjalf Ziemssen
- Center of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Refik Pul
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany.,Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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164
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Kessler C, Ruschil C, Abdelhak A, Wilke C, Maleska A, Kuhle J, Krumbholz M, Kowarik MC, Schüle R. Serum Neurofilament Light Chain and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as Biomarkers in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis and Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Type 4. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13466. [PMID: 36362248 PMCID: PMC9657281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with slowly progressive spastic paraparesis, the differential diagnosis of primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) and hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) can be challenging. Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) are promising fluid biomarkers to support the diagnostic workup. Serum NfL is a marker of neuroaxonal decay sensitive to temporal changes, while elevated sGFAP levels may reflect astrocytal involvement in PPMS. We assessed sNfL and sGFAP levels in 25 patients with PPMS, 25 patients with SPG4 (the most common type of HSP) and 60 controls, using the highly sensitive single-molecule array (Simoa) platform. Patients were matched in age, sex, age at onset, disease duration and disease severity. Serum NfL levels were significantly increased in PPMS compared to SPG4 (p = 0.041, partial η² = 0.088), and there was a trend toward relatively higher sGFAP levels in PPMS (p = 0.097). However, due to overlapping biomarker values in both groups, we did not find sNfL and sGFAP to be useful as differential biomarkers in our cohort. The temporal dynamics indicate sNfL and sGFAP levels are most markedly elevated in PPMS in earlier disease stages, supporting their investigation in this group most in need of a diagnostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Kessler
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Str. 23, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Ruschil
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ahmed Abdelhak
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Carlo Wilke
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Maleska
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Spitalstr. 2, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens Kuhle
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Spitalstr. 2, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Krumbholz
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Pain Treatment, Immanuel Klinik Rüdersdorf, University Hospital of the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 15562 Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus C. Kowarik
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Rebecca Schüle
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Str. 23, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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165
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Ineichen BV, Okar SV, Proulx ST, Engelhardt B, Lassmann H, Reich DS. Perivascular spaces and their role in neuroinflammation. Neuron 2022; 110:3566-3581. [PMID: 36327898 PMCID: PMC9905791 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
It is uncontested that perivascular spaces play critical roles in maintaining homeostasis and priming neuroinflammation. However, despite more than a century of intense research on perivascular spaces, many open questions remain about the anatomical compartment surrounding blood vessels within the CNS. The goal of this comprehensive review is to summarize the literature on perivascular spaces in human neuroinflammation and associated animal disease models. We describe the cell types taking part in the morphological and functional aspects of perivascular spaces and how those spaces can be visualized. Based on this, we propose a model of the cascade of events occurring during neuroinflammatory pathology. We also discuss current knowledge gaps and limitations of the available evidence. An improved understanding of perivascular spaces could advance our comprehension of the pathophysiology of neuroinflammation and open a new therapeutic window for neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin V Ineichen
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Reproducible Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Serhat V Okar
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Steven T Proulx
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Hans Lassmann
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel S Reich
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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166
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Pitt D, Lo CH, Gauthier SA, Hickman RA, Longbrake E, Airas LM, Mao-Draayer Y, Riley C, De Jager PL, Wesley S, Boster A, Topalli I, Bagnato F, Mansoor M, Stuve O, Kister I, Pelletier D, Stathopoulos P, Dutta R, Lincoln MR. Toward Precision Phenotyping of Multiple Sclerosis. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2022; 9:9/6/e200025. [PMID: 36041861 PMCID: PMC9427000 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The classification of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been established by Lublin in 1996 and revised in 2013. The revision includes clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting, primary progressive and secondary progressive MS, and has added activity (i.e., formation of white matter lesions or clinical relapses) as a qualifier. This allows for the distinction between active and nonactive progression, which has been shown to be of clinical importance. We propose that a logical extension of this classification is the incorporation of additional key pathological processes, such as chronic perilesional inflammation, neuroaxonal degeneration, and remyelination. This will distinguish MS phenotypes that may present as clinically identical but are driven by different combinations of pathological processes. A more precise description of MS phenotypes will improve prognostication and personalized care as well as clinical trial design. Thus, our proposal provides an expanded framework for conceptualizing MS and for guiding development of biomarkers for monitoring activity along the main pathological axes in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pitt
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada.
| | - Chih Hung Lo
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Susan A Gauthier
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Richard A Hickman
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Erin Longbrake
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Laura M Airas
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Yang Mao-Draayer
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Claire Riley
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Philip Lawrence De Jager
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Wesley
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Aaron Boster
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Ilir Topalli
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Francesca Bagnato
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad Mansoor
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Olaf Stuve
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Ilya Kister
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Pelletier
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Panos Stathopoulos
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Ranjan Dutta
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
| | - Matthew R Lincoln
- From the Yale University (David Pitt, C.H.L., E.L., M.M., M.R.L.), New Haven; Nanyang Technological University (C.H.L.), Singapore; Weill Cornell Medicine (S.A.G.), New York; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (R.A.H.), New York; University of Turku (L.M.A.), Finland; University of Michigan Medical School (Y.M.-D.), Ann Arbor; Columbia University Medical Center (C.R., P.L.D.J., S.W.), New York; The Boster Center for Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Columbus, OH; Cerneris Inc (I.T.), Wilmington, DE; Vanderbilt University Medical Center (F.B.), Nashville, TN; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (O.S.), Dallas; NYU Langone Medical Center (I.K.), New York; University of Southern California (Daniel Pelletier), Los Angeles; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School (P.S.), Greece; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (R.D.), Case Western Reserve University, OH; and University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital (M.L.), ON, Canada
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Chen KZ, Liu SX, Li YW, He T, Zhao J, Wang T, Qiu XX, Wu HF. Vimentin as a potential target for diverse nervous system diseases. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:969-975. [PMID: 36254976 PMCID: PMC9827761 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.355744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Vimentin is a major type III intermediate filament protein that plays important roles in several basic cellular functions including cell migration, proliferation, and division. Although vimentin is a cytoplasmic protein, it also exists in the extracellular matrix and at the cell surface. Previous studies have shown that vimentin may exert multiple physiological effects in different nervous system injuries and diseases. For example, the studies of vimentin in spinal cord injury and stroke mainly focus on the formation of reactive astrocytes. Reduced glial scar, increased axonal regeneration, and improved motor function have been noted after spinal cord injury in vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein knockout (GFAP-/-VIM-/-) mice. However, attenuated glial scar formation in post-stroke in GFAP-/- VIM-/- mice resulted in abnormal neuronal network restoration and worse neurological recovery. These opposite results have been attributed to the multiple roles of glial scar in different temporal and spatial conditions. In addition, extracellular vimentin may be a neurotrophic factor that promotes axonal extension by interaction with the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor. In the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis, cell surface vimentin is a meningitis facilitator, acting as a receptor of multiple pathogenic bacteria, including E. coli K1, Listeria monocytogenes, and group B streptococcus. Compared with wild type mice, VIM-/- mice are less susceptible to bacterial infection and exhibit a reduced inflammatory response, suggesting that vimentin is necessary to induce the pathogenesis of meningitis. Recently published literature showed that vimentin serves as a double-edged sword in the nervous system, regulating axonal regrowth, myelination, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation. This review aims to provide an overview of vimentin in spinal cord injury, stroke, bacterial meningitis, gliomas, and peripheral nerve injury and to discuss the potential therapeutic methods involving vimentin manipulation in improving axonal regeneration, alleviating infection, inhibiting brain tumor progression, and enhancing nerve myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Zhen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Huadu Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University (Guangzhou Huadu District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China,Dongguan City Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shu-Xian Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Huadu Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University (Guangzhou Huadu District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan-Wei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Huadu Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University (Guangzhou Huadu District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao He
- Dongguan City Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Dongguan City Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Surgery, the Third Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Longjiang Hospital of Shunde District), Foshan, Guangdong Province, China,Correspondence to: Hong-Fu Wu, ; Xian-Xiu Qiu, ; Tao Wang, .
| | - Xian-Xiu Qiu
- Dongguan City Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China,Correspondence to: Hong-Fu Wu, ; Xian-Xiu Qiu, ; Tao Wang, .
| | - Hong-Fu Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Huadu Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University (Guangzhou Huadu District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China,Dongguan City Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China,Correspondence to: Hong-Fu Wu, ; Xian-Xiu Qiu, ; Tao Wang, .
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Yeo T, Bayuangga H, Augusto-Oliveira M, Sealey M, Claridge TDW, Tanner R, Leppert D, Palace J, Kuhle J, Probert F, Anthony DC. Metabolomics detects clinically silent neuroinflammatory lesions earlier than neurofilament-light chain in a focal multiple sclerosis animal model. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:252. [PMID: 36210459 PMCID: PMC9549622 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02614-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite widespread searches, there are currently no validated biofluid markers for the detection of subclinical neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS). The dynamic nature of human metabolism in response to changes in homeostasis, as measured by metabolomics, may allow early identification of clinically silent neuroinflammation. Using the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) MS rat model, we investigated the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolomics profiles and neurofilament-light chain (NfL) levels, as a putative marker of neuroaxonal damage, arising from focal, clinically silent neuroinflammatory brain lesions and their discriminatory abilities to distinguish DTH animals from controls. Methods 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy metabolomics and NfL measurements were performed on serum and CSF at days 12, 28 and 60 after DTH lesion initiation. Supervised multivariate analyses were used to determine metabolomics differences between DTH animals and controls. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the extent of neuroinflammation and tissue damage. Results Serum and CSF metabolomics perturbations were detectable in DTH animals (vs. controls) at all time points, with the greatest change occurring at the earliest time point (day 12) when the neuroinflammatory response was most intense (mean predictive accuracy [SD]—serum: 80.6 [10.7]%, p < 0.0001; CSF: 69.3 [13.5]%, p < 0.0001). The top discriminatory metabolites at day 12 (serum: allantoin, cytidine; CSF: glutamine, glucose) were all reduced in DTH animals compared to controls, and correlated with histological markers of neuroinflammation, particularly astrogliosis (Pearson coefficient, r—allantoin: r = − 0.562, p = 0.004; glutamine: r = − 0.528, p = 0.008). Serum and CSF NfL levels did not distinguish DTH animals from controls at day 12, rather, significant differences were observed at day 28 (mean [SEM]—serum: 38.5 [4.8] vs. 17.4 [2.6] pg/mL, p = 0.002; CSF: 1312.0 [379.1] vs. 475.8 [74.7] pg/mL, p = 0.027). Neither serum nor CSF NfL levels correlated with markers of neuroinflammation; serum NfL did, however, correlate strongly with axonal loss (r = 0.641, p = 0.001), but CSF NfL did not (p = 0.137). Conclusions While NfL levels were elevated later in the pathogenesis of the DTH lesion, serum and CSF metabolomics were able to detect early, clinically silent neuroinflammation and are likely to present sensitive biomarkers for the assessment of subclinical disease activity in patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02614-8.
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169
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Geladaris A, Torke S, Weber MS. Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Multiple Sclerosis: Pioneering the Path Towards Treatment of Progression? CNS Drugs 2022; 36:1019-1030. [PMID: 36178589 PMCID: PMC9550714 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-022-00951-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In multiple sclerosis (MS) persisting disability can derive from acute relapses or, alternatively, from slow and steady deterioration, termed chronic progression. Emerging data suggest that the latter process occurs largely independent from relapse activity or development of new central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory lesions. Pathophysiologically, acute relapses develop as a consequence of de novo CNS infiltration of immune cells, while MS progression appears to be driven by a CNS-trapped inflammatory circuit between CNS-established hematopoietic cells as well as CNS-resident cells, such as microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Within the last decades, powerful therapies have been developed to control relapse activity in MS. All of these agents were primarily designed to systemically target the peripheral immune system and/or to prevent CNS infiltration of immune cells. Based on the above described dichotomy of MS pathophysiology, it is understandable that these agents only exert minor effects on progression and that novel targets within the CNS have to be utilized to control MS progression independent of relapse activity. In this regard, one promising strategy may be the inhibition of the enzyme Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), which is centrally involved in the activation of B cells as well as myeloid cells, such as macrophages and microglia. In this review, we discuss where and to what extent BTK is involved in the immunological and molecular cascades driving MS progression. We furthermore summarize all mechanistic, preclinical, and clinical data on the various BTK inhibitors (evobrutinib, tolebrutinib, fenebrutinib, remibrutinib, orelabrutinib, BIIB091) that are currently in development for treatment of MS, with a particular focus on the potential ability of either drug to control MS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Geladaris
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Torke
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité, University Medical Center and the Max-Dellbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin S Weber
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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Fuchs L, Mausner-Fainberg K, Luban A, Asseyer SE, Golan M, Benhamou M, Volovitz I, Regev K, Vigiser I, Piura Y, Kolb H, Paul F, Karni A. CTGF/CCN2 has a possible detrimental role in the inflammation and the remyelination failure in the early stages of multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2022; 371:577936. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Liu R, Du S, Zhao L, Jain S, Sahay K, Rizvanov A, Lezhnyova V, Khaibullin T, Martynova E, Khaiboullina S, Baranwal M. Autoreactive lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis: Pathogenesis and treatment target. Front Immunol 2022; 13:996469. [PMID: 36211343 PMCID: PMC9539795 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.996469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by destruction of the myelin sheath structure. The loss of myelin leads to damage of a neuron’s axon and cell body, which is identified as brain lesions on magnetic resonance image (MRI). The pathogenesis of MS remains largely unknown. However, immune mechanisms, especially those linked to the aberrant lymphocyte activity, are mainly responsible for neuronal damage. Th1 and Th17 populations of lymphocytes were primarily associated with MS pathogenesis. These lymphocytes are essential for differentiation of encephalitogenic CD8+ T cell and Th17 lymphocyte crossing the blood brain barrier and targeting myelin sheath in the CNS. B-lymphocytes could also contribute to MS pathogenesis by producing anti-myelin basic protein antibodies. In later studies, aberrant function of Treg and Th9 cells was identified as contributing to MS. This review summarizes the aberrant function and count of lymphocyte, and the contributions of these cell to the mechanisms of MS. Additionally, we have outlined the novel MS therapeutics aimed to amend the aberrant function or counts of these lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongzeng Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shushu Du
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Sahil Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Kritika Sahay
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Gene and cell Department, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Vera Lezhnyova
- Gene and cell Department, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Timur Khaibullin
- Neurological Department, Republican Clinical Neurological Center, Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Svetlana Khaiboullina
- Gene and cell Department, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- *Correspondence: Svetlana Khaiboullina, ; Manoj Baranwal, ;
| | - Manoj Baranwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
- *Correspondence: Svetlana Khaiboullina, ; Manoj Baranwal, ;
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Stemazole Promotes Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Survival In Vitro and Remyelination In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810756. [PMID: 36142668 PMCID: PMC9500784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the normal function of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and protecting OPCs from damage is the basis of myelin regeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). In this paper, we investigated the effect of stemazole, a novel small molecule, on the promotion of oligodendrocyte precursor cell survival and remyelination. The results show that stemazole enhanced the survival rate and the number of clone formation in a dose-dependent manner and decreased the percentage of cell apoptosis. In particular, the number of cell clones was increased up to 6-fold (p < 0.001) in the stemazole group compared with the control group. In vivo, we assessed the effect of stemazole on recovering the motor dysfunction and demyelination induced by cuprizone (CPZ). The results show that stemazole promoted the recovery of motor dysfunction and the repair of myelin sheaths. Compared with the CPZ group, the stemazole group showed a 30.46% increase in the myelin area (p < 0.001), a 37.08% increase in MBP expression (p < 0.01), and a 1.66-fold increase in Olig2 expression (p < 0.001). Histologically, stemazole had a better effect than the positive control drugs. In conclusion, stemazole promoted OPC survival in vitro and remyelination in vivo, suggesting that this compound may be used as a therapeutic agent against demyelinating disease.
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Kwilasz AJ, Clements MA, Larson TA, Harris KM, Litwiler ST, Woodall BJ, Todd LS, Schrama AEW, Mitten EH, Maier SF, Van Dam AM, Rice KC, Watkins LR. Involvement of TLR2-TLR4, NLRP3, and IL-17 in pain induced by a novel Sprague-Dawley rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2022; 3:932530. [PMID: 36176709 PMCID: PMC9513159 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.932530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to 92% of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS) experience pain, most without adequate treatment, and many report pain long before motor symptoms associated with MS diagnosis. In the most commonly studied rodent model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), motor impairments/disabilities caused by EAE can interfere with pain testing. In this study, we characterize a novel low-dose myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG)-induced Sprague-Dawley (SD) model of EAE-related pain in male rats, optimized to minimize motor impairments/disabilities. Adult male SD rats were treated with increasing doses of intradermal myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG1-125) (0, 4, 8, and 16 μg) in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) vehicle to induce mild EAE. Von Frey testing and motor assessments were conducted prior to EAE induction and then weekly thereafter to assess EAE-induced pain and motor impairment. Results from these studies demonstrated that doses of 8 and 16 μg MOG1-125 were sufficient to produce stable mechanical allodynia for up to 1 month in the absence of hindpaw motor impairments/disabilities. In the follow-up studies, these doses of MOG1-125, were administered to create allodynia in the absence of confounded motor impairments. Then, 2 weeks later, rats began daily subcutaneous injections of the Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 (TLR2-TLR4) antagonist (+)-naltrexone [(+)-NTX] or saline for an additional 13 days. We found that (+)-NTX also reverses EAE-induced mechanical allodynia in the MOG-induced SD rat model of EAE, supporting parallels between models, but now allowing a protracted timecourse to be examined completely free of motor confounds. Exploring further mechanisms, we demonstrated that both spinal NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) are necessary for EAE-induced pain, as intrathecal injections of NLRP3 antagonist MCC950 and IL-17 neutralizing antibody both acutely reversed EAE-induced pain. Finally, we show that spinal glial immunoreactivity induced by EAE is reversed by (+)-NTX, and that spinal demyelination correlates with the severity of motor impairments/disabilities. These findings characterize an optimized MOG-induced SD rat model of EAE for the study of pain with minimal motor impairments/disabilities. Finally, these studies support the role of TLR2-TLR4 antagonists as a potential treatment for MS-related pain and other pain and inflammatory-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Kwilasz
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Madison A. Clements
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Tracey A. Larson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Kevin M. Harris
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Scott T. Litwiler
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Brodie J. Woodall
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Laurel S. Todd
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Anouk E. W. Schrama
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Eric H. Mitten
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Steven F. Maier
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Anne-Marie Van Dam
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kenner C. Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Linda R. Watkins
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
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174
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Siger M. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Patients : Review. Clin Neuroradiol 2022; 32:625-641. [PMID: 35258820 PMCID: PMC9424179 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-022-01144-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The recently developed effective treatment of primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) requires the accurate diagnosis of patients with this type of disease. Currently, the diagnosis of PPMS is based on the 2017 McDonald criteria, although the contribution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to this process is fundamental. PPMS, one of the clinical types of MS, represents 10%-15% of all MS patients. Compared to relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), PPMS differs in terms of pathology, clinical presentation and MRI features. Regarding conventional MRI, focal lesions on T2-weighted images and acute inflammatory lesions with contrast enhancement are less common in PPMS than in RRMS. On the other hand, MRI features of chronic inflammation, such as slowly evolving/expanding lesions (SELs) and leptomeningeal enhancement (LME), and brain and spinal cord atrophy are more common MRI characteristics in PPMS than RRMS. Nonconventional MRI also shows differences in subtle white and grey matter damage between PPMS and other clinical types of disease. In this review, we present separate diagnostic criteria, conventional and nonconventional MRI specificity for PPMS, which may support and simplify the diagnosis of this type of MS in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Siger
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Łódź, 22 Kopcinskiego Str., 90-153, Łódź, Poland.
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175
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Rahmanzadeh R, Weigel M, Lu PJ, Melie-Garcia L, Nguyen TD, Cagol A, La Rosa F, Barakovic M, Lutti A, Wang Y, Bach Cuadra M, Radue EW, Gaetano L, Kappos L, Kuhle J, Magon S, Granziera C. A comparative assessment of myelin-sensitive measures in multiple sclerosis patients and healthy subjects. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103177. [PMID: 36067611 PMCID: PMC9468574 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a common neurological disease primarily characterized by myelin damage in lesions and in normal - appearing white and gray matter (NAWM, NAGM). Several quantitative MRI (qMRI) methods are sensitive to myelin characteristics by measuring specific tissue biophysical properties. However, there are currently few studies assessing the relative reproducibility and sensitivity of qMRI measures to MS pathology in vivo in patients. METHODS We performed two studies. The first study assessed of the sensitivity of qMRI measures to MS pathology: in this work, we recruited 150 MS and 100 healthy subjects, who underwent brain MRI at 3 T including quantitative T1 mapping (qT1), quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), magnetization transfer saturation imaging (MTsat) and myelin water imaging for myelin water fraction (MWF). The sensitivity of qMRIs to MS focal pathology (MS lesions vs peri-plaque white/gray matter (PPWM/PPGM)) was studied lesion-wise; the sensitivity to diffuse normal appearing (NA) pathology was measured using voxel-wise threshold-free cluster enhancement (TFCE) in NAWM and vertex-wise inflated cortex analysis in NAGM. Furthermore, the sensitivity of qMRI to the identification of lesion tissue was investigated using a voxel-wise logistic regression analysis to distinguish MS lesion and PP voxels. The second study assessed the reproducibility of myelin-sensitive qMRI measures in a single scanner. To evaluate the intra-session and inter-session reproducibility of qMRI measures, we have investigated 10 healthy subjects, who underwent two brain 3 T MRIs within the same day (without repositioning), and one after 1-week interval. Five region of interest (ROIs) in white and deep grey matter areas were segmented, and inter- and intra- session reproducibility was studied using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Further, we also investigated the voxel-wise reproducibility of qMRI measures in NAWM and NAGM. RESULTS qT1 and QSM showed the highest sensitivity to distinguish MS focal WM and cortical pathology from peri-plaque WM (P < 0.0001), although QSM also showed the highest variance when applied to lesions. MWF and MTsat exhibited the highest sensitivity to NAWM pathology (P < 0.01). On the other hand, qT1 appeared to be the most sensitive measure to NAGM pathology (P < 0.01). All myelin-sensitive qMRI measures exhibited high inter/intra sessional ICCs in various WM and deep GM ROIs, in NAWM and in NAGM (ICC 0.82 ± 0.12). CONCLUSION This work shows that the applied qT1, MWF, MTsat and QSM are highly reproducible and exhibit differential sensitivity to focal and diffuse WM and GM pathology in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rahmanzadeh
- Translational Imaging in Neurology Basel, Department of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland,Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Weigel
- Translational Imaging in Neurology Basel, Department of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland,Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland,Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Po-Jui Lu
- Translational Imaging in Neurology Basel, Department of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland,Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lester Melie-Garcia
- Translational Imaging in Neurology Basel, Department of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland,Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thanh D. Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessandro Cagol
- Translational Imaging in Neurology Basel, Department of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland,Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesco La Rosa
- Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland,CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland,Radiology Department, Lausanne University and University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Muhamed Barakovic
- Translational Imaging in Neurology Basel, Department of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland,Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Lutti
- Laboratory for Research in Neuroimaging, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meritxell Bach Cuadra
- Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland,CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland,Radiology Department, Lausanne University and University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ernst-Wilhelm Radue
- Translational Imaging in Neurology Basel, Department of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Ludwig Kappos
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens Kuhle
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Magon
- Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Granziera
- Translational Imaging in Neurology Basel, Department of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland,Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland,Corresponding author.
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176
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Ladopoulos T, Matusche B, Bellenberg B, Heuser F, Gold R, Lukas C, Schneider R. Relaxometry and brain myelin quantification with synthetic MRI in MS subtypes and their associations with spinal cord atrophy. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103166. [PMID: 36081258 PMCID: PMC9463599 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Immune-mediated demyelination and neurodegeneration are pathophysiological hallmarks of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and main drivers of disease related disability. The principal method for evaluating qualitatively demyelinating events in the clinical context is contrast-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Moreover, advanced MRI sequences provide reliable quantification of brain myelin offering new opportunities to study tissue pathology in vivo. Towards neurodegenerative aspects of the disease, spinal cord atrophy - besides brain atrophy - is a powerful and validated predictor of disease progression. The etiology of spinal cord volume loss is still a matter of research, as it remains unclear whether the impact of local lesion pathology or the interaction with supra- and infratentorial axonal degeneration and demyelination of the long descending and ascending fiber tracts are the determining factors. Quantitative synthetic MR using a multiecho acquisition of saturation recovery pulse sequence provides fast automatic brain tissue and myelin volumetry based on R1 and R2 relaxation rates and proton density quantification, making it a promising modality for application in the clinical routine. In this cross sectional study a total of 91 MS patients and 31 control subjects were included to investigate group differences of global and regional measures of brain myelin and relaxation rates, in different MS subtypes, using QRAPMASTER sequence and SyMRI postprocessing software. Furthermore, we examined associations between these quantitative brain parameters and spinal cord atrophy to draw conclusions about possible pathophysiological relationships. Intracranial myelin volume fraction of the global brain exhibited statistically significant differences between control subjects (10.4%) and MS patients (RRMS 9.4%, PMS 8.1%). In a LASSO regression analysis with total brain lesion load, intracranial myelin volume fraction and brain parenchymal fraction, the intracranial myelin volume fraction was the variable with the highest impact on spinal cord atrophy (standardized coefficient 4.52). Regional supratentorial MRI metrics showed altered average myelin volume fraction, R1, R2 and proton density in MS patients compared to controls most pronounced in PMS. Interestingly, quantitative MRI parameters in supratentorial regions showed strong associations with upper cord atrophy, suggesting an important role of brain diffuse demyelination on spinal cord pathology possibly in the context of global disease activity. R1, R2 or proton density of the thalamus, cerebellum and brainstem correlated with upper cervical cord atrophy, probably reflecting the direct functional connection between these brain structures and the spinal cord as well as the effects of retrograde and anterograde axonal degeneration. By using Synthetic MR-derived myelin volume fraction, we were able to effectively detect significant differences of myelination in relapsing and progressive MS subtypes. Total intracranial brain myelin volume fraction seemed to predict spinal cord volume loss better than brain atrophy or total lesion load. Furthermore, demyelination in highly myelinated supratentorial regions, as an indicator of diffuse disease activity, as well as alterations of relaxation parameters in adjacent infratentorial and midbrain areas were strongly associated with upper cervical cord atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Ladopoulos
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany,Institute of Neuroradiology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany,Corresponding authors at: St. Josef Hospital, Department of Neurology, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Britta Matusche
- Institute of Neuroradiology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Barbara Bellenberg
- Institute of Neuroradiology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Florian Heuser
- Institute of Neuroradiology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ralf Gold
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Carsten Lukas
- Institute of Neuroradiology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ruth Schneider
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany,Institute of Neuroradiology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
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177
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Swanberg KM, Kurada AV, Prinsen H, Juchem C. Multiple sclerosis diagnosis and phenotype identification by multivariate classification of in vivo frontal cortex metabolite profiles. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13888. [PMID: 35974117 PMCID: PMC9381573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease for which diagnosis continues to rely on subjective clinical judgment over a battery of tests. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) enables the noninvasive in vivo detection of multiple small-molecule metabolites and is therefore in principle a promising means of gathering information sufficient for multiple sclerosis diagnosis and subtype classification. Here we show that supervised classification using 1H-MRS-visible normal-appearing frontal cortex small-molecule metabolites alone can indeed differentiate individuals with progressive MS from control (held-out validation sensitivity 79% and specificity 68%), as well as between relapsing and progressive MS phenotypes (held-out validation sensitivity 84% and specificity 74%). Post hoc assessment demonstrated the disproportionate contributions of glutamate and glutamine to identifying MS status and phenotype, respectively. Our finding establishes 1H MRS as a viable means of characterizing progressive multiple sclerosis disease status and paves the way for continued refinement of this method as an auxiliary or mainstay of multiple sclerosis diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley M. Swanberg
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, Mail Code: 8904, New York, NY 10027 USA ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Abhinav V. Kurada
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, Mail Code: 8904, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - Hetty Prinsen
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Christoph Juchem
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, Mail Code: 8904, New York, NY 10027 USA ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA ,grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Radiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY USA ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
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178
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Mak G, Menon S, Lu JQ. Neurofilaments in neurologic disorders and beyond. J Neurol Sci 2022; 441:120380. [PMID: 36027641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Many neurologic diseases can initially present as a diagnostic challenge and even when a diagnosis is made, monitoring of disease activity, progression and response to therapy may be limited with existing clinical and paraclinical assessments. As such, the identification of disease specific biomarkers provides a promising avenue by which diseases can be effectively diagnosed, monitored and used as a prognostic indicator for long-term outcomes. Neurofilaments are an integral component of the neuronal cytoskeleton, where assessment of neurofilaments in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and diseased tissue has been shown to have value in providing diagnostic clarity, monitoring disease activity, tracking progression and treatment efficacy, as well as lending prognostic insight into long-term outcomes. As such, this review attempts to provide a glimpse into the structure and function of neurofilaments, their role in various neurologic and non-neurologic disorders, including uncommon conditions with recent knowledge of neurofilament-related pathology, as well as their applicability in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Mak
- McMaster University, Department of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suresh Menon
- McMaster University, Department of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jian-Qiang Lu
- McMaster University, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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179
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Gentile MT, Muto G, Lus G, Lövblad KO, Svenningsen ÅF, Colucci-D’Amato L. Angiogenesis and Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis: A Glance at New Pharmaceutical Approaches. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164643. [PMID: 36012883 PMCID: PMC9410525 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination and destruction of axons. The most common form of the disease is the relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in which episodic attacks with typical neurological symptoms are followed by episodes of partial or complete recovery. One of the underestimated factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is excessive angiogenesis. Here, we review the role of angiogenesis in the onset and in the development of the disease, the molecular mechanisms underlying angiogenesis, the current therapeutic approaches, and the potential therapeutic strategies with a look at natural compounds as multi-target drugs with both neuroprotective and anti-angiogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Gentile
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Gianluca Muto
- Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Lus
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, II Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Karl-Olof Lövblad
- Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Åsa Fex Svenningsen
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Luca Colucci-D’Amato
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences (CIRN), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-366-9763554
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180
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article provides an overview of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle risk factors affecting the disease course of multiple sclerosis (MS) and reviews the pathophysiologic characteristics of both relapsing and progressive MS. RECENT FINDINGS The prevalence of MS has increased in recent decades, and costs of care for patients with MS have risen dramatically. Black, Asian, and Hispanic individuals may be at risk for more severe MS-related disability. Multiple genetic MS risk factors have been identified. Factors such as low vitamin D levels and a history of Epstein-Barr virus, smoking, and obesity, especially during childhood, also influence MS risk. Traditionally thought to be a T-cell-mediated disease, recent research has highlighted the additional roles of B cells and microglia in both relapsing and progressive MS. SUMMARY Complex interactions between genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors affect the risk for MS as well as the disease course. People of color have historically been underrepresented in both MS clinical trials and literature, but current research is attempting to better clarify unique considerations in these groups. MS pathology consists of the focal inflammatory lesions that have been well characterized in relapsing MS, as well as a more widespread neurodegenerative component that is posited to drive progressive disease. Recent advances in characterization of both the inflammatory and neurodegenerative aspects of MS pathophysiology have yielded potential targets for future therapeutic options.
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181
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Liu Z, Waters J, Rui B. Metabolomics as a promising tool for improving understanding of multiple sclerosis: A review of recent advances. Biomed J 2022; 45:594-606. [PMID: 35042018 PMCID: PMC9486246 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that usually affects young adults. The development of MS is closely related to the changes in the metabolome. Metabolomics studies have been performed using biofluids or tissue samples from rodent models and human patients to reveal metabolic alterations associated with MS progression. This review aims to provide an overview of the applications of metabolomics that for the investigations of the perturbed metabolic pathways in MS and to reveal the potential of metabolomics in personalizing treatments. In conclusion, informative variations of metabolites can be potential biomarkers in advancing our understanding of MS pathogenesis for MS diagnosis, predicting the progression of the disease, and estimating drug effects. Metabolomics will be a promising technique for improving clinical care in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Liu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Jeffrey Waters
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Bin Rui
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
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182
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Bierhansl L, Hartung HP, Aktas O, Ruck T, Roden M, Meuth SG. Thinking outside the box: non-canonical targets in multiple sclerosis. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:578-600. [PMID: 35668103 PMCID: PMC9169033 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system that causes demyelination, axonal degeneration and astrogliosis, resulting in progressive neurological disability. Fuelled by an evolving understanding of MS immunopathogenesis, the range of available immunotherapies for clinical use has expanded over the past two decades. However, MS remains an incurable disease and even targeted immunotherapies often fail to control insidious disease progression, indicating the need for new and exceptional therapeutic options beyond the established immunological landscape. In this Review, we highlight such non-canonical targets in preclinical MS research with a focus on five highly promising areas: oligodendrocytes; the blood-brain barrier; metabolites and cellular metabolism; the coagulation system; and tolerance induction. Recent findings in these areas may guide the field towards novel targets for future therapeutic approaches in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bierhansl
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Orhan Aktas
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Ruck
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center of Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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183
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Kölliker Frers RA, Otero-Losada M, Kobiec T, Udovin LD, Aon Bertolino ML, Herrera MI, Capani F. Multidimensional overview of neurofilament light chain contribution to comprehensively understanding multiple sclerosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:912005. [PMID: 35967312 PMCID: PMC9368191 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.912005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease characterized by demyelination, progressive axonal loss, and varying clinical presentations. Axonal damage associated with the inflammatory process causes neurofilaments, the major neuron structural proteins, to be released into the extracellular space, reaching the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the peripheral blood. Methodological advances in neurofilaments’ serological detection and imaging technology, along with many clinical and therapeutic studies in the last years, have deepened our understanding of MS immunopathogenesis. This review examines the use of light chain neurofilaments (NFLs) as peripheral MS biomarkers in light of the current clinical and therapeutic evidence, MS immunopathology, and technological advances in diagnostic tools. It aims to highlight NFL multidimensional value as a reliable MS biomarker with a diagnostic-prognostic profile while improving our comprehension of inflammatory neurodegenerative processes, mainly RRMS, the most frequent clinical presentation of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo A. Kölliker Frers
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Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CAECIHS. UAI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Unidad de Parasitología, Hospital J. M. Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matilde Otero-Losada
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Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CAECIHS. UAI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Matilde Otero-Losada,
| | - Tamara Kobiec
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Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CAECIHS. UAI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP), Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas D. Udovin
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Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CAECIHS. UAI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Laura Aon Bertolino
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Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CAECIHS. UAI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María I. Herrera
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Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CAECIHS. UAI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP), Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Capani
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Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CAECIHS. UAI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Argentina John Kennedy (UAJK), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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184
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Upadhayay S, Mehan S, Prajapati A, Sethi P, Suri M, Zawawi A, Almashjary MN, Tabrez S. Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Stimulation through Acetyl-11-Keto-Beta-Boswellic Acid (AKBA) Provides Neuroprotection in Ethidium Bromide-Induced Experimental Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081324. [PMID: 35893061 PMCID: PMC9331916 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe immune-mediated neurological disease characterized by neuroinflammation, demyelination, and axonal degeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). This is frequently linked to motor abnormalities and cognitive impairments. The pathophysiological hallmarks of MS include inflammatory demyelination, axonal injury, white matter degeneration, and the development of CNS lesions that result in severe neuronal degeneration. Several studies suggested downregulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)/Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling is a causative factor for MS pathogenesis. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) is an active pentacyclictriterpenoid obtained from Boswellia serrata, possessing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study explores the protective potential of AKBA on behavioral, molecular, neurochemical, and gross pathological abnormalitiesandhistopathological alterations by H&E and LFB staining techniques in an experimental model of multiple sclerosis, emphasizing the increase inNrf2/HO-1 levels in the brain. Moreover, we also examine the effect of AKBA on the intensity of myelin basic protein (MBP) in CSF and rat brain homogenate. Specific apoptotic markers (Bcl-2, Bax, andcaspase-3) were also estimated in rat brain homogenate. Neuro behavioralabnormalities in rats were examined using an actophotometer, rotarod test, beam crossing task (BCT),and Morris water maze (MWM). AKBA 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg were given orally from day 8 to 35 to alleviate MS symptoms in the EB-injected rats. Furthermore, cellular, molecular, neurotransmitter, neuroinflammatory cytokine, and oxidative stress markers in rat whole brain homogenate, blood plasma, and cerebral spinal fluid were investigated. This study shows that AKBA upregulates the level of antioxidant proteins such as Nrf2 and HO-1 in the rat brain. AKBA restores altered neurochemical levels, potentially preventing gross pathological abnormalities during MS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Upadhayay
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India; (S.U.); (A.P.); (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India; (S.U.); (A.P.); (P.S.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (S.T.)
| | - Aradhana Prajapati
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India; (S.U.); (A.P.); (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Pranshul Sethi
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India; (S.U.); (A.P.); (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Manisha Suri
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India; (S.U.); (A.P.); (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Ayat Zawawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.); (M.N.A.)
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed N. Almashjary
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.); (M.N.A.)
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Animal House Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shams Tabrez
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.); (M.N.A.)
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (S.T.)
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185
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Relevance of Pathogenetic Mechanisms to Clinical Effectiveness of B-Cell-Depleting Monoclonal Antibodies in Multiple Sclerosis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154288. [PMID: 35893382 PMCID: PMC9332715 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence of the effectiveness of B-cell-depleting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) prompted a partial revisitation of the pathogenetic paradigm of the disease, which was, so far, considered a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disorder. Mechanisms underlying the efficacy of B-cell-depleting mAbs in MS are still unknown. However, they likely involve the impairment of pleiotropic B-cell functions different from antibody secretion, such as their role as antigen-presenting cells during both the primary immune response in the periphery and the secondary response within the central nervous system (CNS). A potential impact of B-cell-depleting mAbs on inflammation compartmentalised within the CNS was also suggested, but little is known about the mechanism underlying this latter phenomenon as no definite evidence was provided so far on the ability of mAbs to cross the blood–brain barrier and reliable biomarkers of compartmentalised inflammation are lacking. The present paper briefly summarises the immunopathogenesis of MS with a focus on onset of autoimmunity and compartmentalisation of the immune response; mechanisms mediating B-cell depletion and underlying the effectiveness of B-cell-depleting mAbs are also discussed.
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186
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Chedid T, Moisset X, Clavelou P. Rationale for off-label treatments use in primary progressive multiple sclerosis: A review of the literature. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2022; 178:932-938. [PMID: 35851485 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2022.02.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Until recently, few therapeutic options, other than symptomatic treatment, were available for patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). Ocrelizumab is the only approved treatment in this indication, and only since 2017. However, many patients in France are receiving off-label treatments for PPMS, mainly rituximab, mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, and azathioprine. OBJECTIVE To evaluate published data concerning the efficacy of these five treatments frequently used as off-label disease-modifying therapies. METHODS We reviewed and summarized the studies published in Pubmed since the inception of the database. RESULTS Evidence from randomized controlled trials is lacking to support the use of these treatments as disease-modifying therapies in PPMS. CONCLUSION The literature lacks dedicated studies to support the off-label use of these disease-modifying therapies in PPMS. However, some limited data are available in the literature suggesting that the use of rituximab and cyclophosphamide could potentially be of some interest in specific subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chedid
- Hospital Center of Périgueux, 80, avenue Georges Pompidou, 24000 Périgueux, France.
| | - X Moisset
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - P Clavelou
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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187
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Aigrot MS, Barthelemy C, Moyon S, Dufayet-Chaffaud G, Izagirre-Urizar L, Gillet-Legrand B, Tada S, Bayón-Cordero L, Chara JC, Matute C, Cartier N, Lubetzki C, Tepavčević V. Genetically modified macrophages accelerate myelin repair. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e14759. [PMID: 35822550 PMCID: PMC9358396 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Preventing neurodegeneration‐associated disability progression in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) remains an unmet therapeutic need. As remyelination prevents axonal degeneration, promoting this process in patients might enhance neuroprotection. In demyelinating mouse lesions, local overexpression of semaphorin 3F (Sema3F), an oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) attractant, increases remyelination. However, molecular targeting to MS lesions is a challenge. A clinically relevant paradigm for delivering Sema3F to demyelinating lesions could be to use blood‐derived macrophages as vehicles. Thus, we chose transplantation of genetically modified hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) as means of obtaining chimeric mice with circulating Sema3F‐overexpressing monocytes. We demonstrated that Sema3F‐transduced HSCs stimulate OPC migration in a neuropilin 2 (Nrp2, Sema3F receptor)‐dependent fashion, which was conserved in middle‐aged OPCs. While demyelinating lesions induced in mice with Sema3F‐expressing blood cells showed no changes in inflammation and OPC survival, OPC recruitment was enhanced which accelerated the onset of remyelination. Our results provide a proof of concept that blood cells, particularly monocytes/macrophages, can be used to deliver pro‐remyelinating agents “at the right time and place,” suggesting novel means for remyelination‐promoting strategies in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara Barthelemy
- INSERM UMR1127 Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Paris, France
| | - Sarah Moyon
- NYU Langone Health, Neuroscience Institute, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Leire Izagirre-Urizar
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience/Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Satoru Tada
- INSERM UMR1127 Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Paris, France
| | - Laura Bayón-Cordero
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience/Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan-Carlos Chara
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience/Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Matute
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience/Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nathalie Cartier
- Asklepios Biopharmaceutical, Inc., Institut du Cerveau (ICM), Paris, France
| | - Catherine Lubetzki
- INSERM UMR1127 Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Paris, France.,AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Vanja Tepavčević
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience/Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
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188
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Momchilova A, Pankov R, Alexandrov A, Markovska T, Pankov S, Krastev P, Staneva G, Vassileva E, Krastev N, Pinkas A. Sphingolipid Catabolism and Glycerophospholipid Levels Are Altered in Erythrocytes and Plasma from Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147592. [PMID: 35886939 PMCID: PMC9315580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory, degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Changes in lipid metabolism have been suggested to play important roles in MS pathophysiology and progression. In this work we analyzed the lipid composition and sphingolipid-catabolizing enzymes in erythrocytes and plasma from MS patients and healthy controls. We observed reduction of sphingomyelin (SM) and elevation of its products—ceramide (CER) and shingosine (SPH). These changes were supported by the detected up-regulation of the activity of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) in MS plasma and alkaline ceramidase (ALCER) in erythrocytes from MS patients. In addition, Western blot analysis showed elevated expression of ASM, but not of ALCER. We also compared the ratios between saturated (SAT), unsaturated (UNSAT) and polyunsaturated fatty acids and suggest, based on the significant differences observed for this ratio, that the UNSAT/SAT values could serve as a marker distinguishing erythrocytes and plasma of MS from controls. In conclusion, the application of lipid analysis in the medical practice would contribute to definition of more precise diagnosis, analysis of disease progression, and evaluation of therapeutic strategies. Based on the molecular changes of blood lipids in neurodegenerative pathologies, including MS, clinical lipidomic analytical approaches could become a promising contemporary tool for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albena Momchilova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.A.); (T.M.); (S.P.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +359-2-9792686 or +359-898-238971
| | - Roumen Pankov
- Biological Faculty, Sofia University, 8, Dragan Tzankov Str., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Alexander Alexandrov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.A.); (T.M.); (S.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Tania Markovska
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.A.); (T.M.); (S.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Stefan Pankov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.A.); (T.M.); (S.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Plamen Krastev
- Cardiology Clinic, University Hospital St. Ekaterina, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Galya Staneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.A.); (T.M.); (S.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Evgenia Vassileva
- Clinic of Neurology, Tsaritsa Yoanna University Hospital-ISUL, 1527 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Nikolai Krastev
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University-Sofia, Blvd. Sv. Georgi Sofiisky 1, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Medical Center Relax, 8 Ami Bue Str., 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Adriana Pinkas
- STEP/CSTEP, Office of Continuing Education, Suffolk County Community College 30 Greene Ave., Sayville, NY 11782, USA;
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189
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Galoppin M, Kari S, Soldati S, Pal A, Rival M, Engelhardt B, Astier A, Thouvenot E. Full spectrum of vitamin D immunomodulation in multiple sclerosis: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac171. [PMID: 35813882 PMCID: PMC9260308 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the risk of multiple sclerosis, disease activity and progression. Results from in vitro experiments, animal models and analysis of human samples from randomized controlled trials provide comprehensive data illustrating the pleiotropic actions of Vitamin D on the immune system. They globally result in immunomodulation by decreasing differentiation of effector T and B cells while promoting regulatory subsets. Vitamin D also modulates innate immune cells such as macrophages, monocytes and dendritic cells, and acts at the level of the blood–brain barrier reducing immune cell trafficking. Vitamin D exerts additional activity within the central nervous system reducing microglial and astrocytic activation. The immunomodulatory role of Vitamin D detected in animal models of multiple sclerosis has suggested its potential therapeutic use for treating multiple sclerosis. In this review, we focus on recent published data describing the biological effects of Vitamin D in animal models of multiple sclerosis on immune cells, blood–brain barrier function, activation of glial cells and its potential neuroprotective effects. Based on the current knowledge, we also discuss optimization of therapeutic interventions with Vitamin D in patients with multiple sclerosis, as well as new technologies allowing in-depth analysis of immune cell regulations by vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Galoppin
- IGF, University Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM , Montpellier , France
| | - Saniya Kari
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 – CNRS UMR5051 – Université Toulouse III , 31024 Toulouse cedex 3 , France
| | - Sasha Soldati
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Arindam Pal
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Manon Rival
- IGF, University Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM , Montpellier , France
- Department of Neurology, Nîmes University Hospital, University Montpellier , Nîmes , France
| | | | - Anne Astier
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 – CNRS UMR5051 – Université Toulouse III , 31024 Toulouse cedex 3 , France
| | - Eric Thouvenot
- IGF, University Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM , Montpellier , France
- Department of Neurology, Nîmes University Hospital, University Montpellier , Nîmes , France
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190
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Dalenogare DP, Theisen MC, Peres DS, Fialho MFP, Andrighetto N, Barros L, Landini L, Titiz M, De Logu F, Oliveira SM, Geppetti P, Nassini R, Trevisan G. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 mediates headache-related cephalic allodynia in a mouse model of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Pain 2022; 163:1346-1355. [PMID: 34711761 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Primary headache conditions are frequently associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), but the mechanism that triggers or worsens headaches in patients with MS is poorly understood. We previously showed that the proalgesic transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) mediates hind paw mechanical and cold allodynia in a relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (RR-EAE) model in mice. Here, we investigated the development of periorbital mechanical allodynia (PMA) in RR-EAE, a hallmark of headache, and if TRPA1 contributed to this response. RR-EAE induction by injection of the myelin oligodendrocyte peptide fragment35-55 (MOG35-55) and Quillaja A adjuvant (Quil A) in C57BL/6J female mice elicited a delayed and sustained PMA. The PMA at day 35 after induction was reduced by the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist (olcegepant) and the serotonin 5-HT1B/D receptor agonist (sumatriptan), 2 known antimigraine agents. Genetic deletion or pharmacological blockade of TRPA1 attenuated PMA associated with RR-EAE. The levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (4-hydroxynonenal and hydrogen peroxide, known TRPA1 endogenous agonists) and superoxide dismutase and NADPH oxidase activities were increased in the trigeminal ganglion of RR-EAE mice. Besides, the treatment with antioxidants (apocynin or α-lipoic acid) attenuated PMA. Thus, the results of this study indicate that TRPA1, presumably activated by endogenous agonists, evokes PMA in a mouse model of relapsing-remitting MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diéssica P Dalenogare
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria C Theisen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Diulle S Peres
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria F P Fialho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathaly Andrighetto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Laura Barros
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lorenzo Landini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mustafa Titiz
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco De Logu
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara M Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriela Trevisan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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191
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Floro S, Carandini T, Pietroboni AM, De Riz MA, Scarpini E, Galimberti D. Role of Chitinase 3-like 1 as a Biomarker in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2022; 9:9/4/e1164. [PMID: 35534236 PMCID: PMC9128043 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000001164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease confined in the CNS, and its course is frequently subtle and variable. Therefore, predictive biomarkers are needed. In this scenario, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the reliability of chitinase 3-like 1 as a biomarker of MS. METHODS Research through the main scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) published from January 2010 to December 2020 was performed using the following keywords: "chitinase 3-like 1 and multiple sclerosis" and "YKL40 and multiple sclerosis." Articles were selected according to the 2020 updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines by 2 authors independently, and data were extracted; 20 of the 90 studies screened were included in the meta-analysis. The main efficacy measure was represented by the standardized mean difference of CSF and blood CHI3L1 levels; Review Manager version 5.4 and R software applications were used for analysis. RESULTS Higher levels of CHI3L1 were found in CSF of 673 patients with MS compared with 336 healthy controls (size-weighted mean difference [SMD] 50.88; 95% CI = 44.98-56.79; p < 0.00001) and in 461 patients with MS than 283 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) (SMD 28.18; 95% CI = 23.59-32.76; p < 0.00001). Mean CSF CHI3L1 levels were significantly higher in 561 converting than 445 nonconverting CIS (SMD 30.6; 95% CI = 28.31-32.93; p < 0.00001). CSF CHI3L1 levels were significantly higher in patients with primary progressive MS (PPMS) than in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) (SMD 43.15; 95% CI = 24.41-61.90; p < 0.00001) and in patients with secondary progressive MS (SMD 41.86 with 95% CI = 32.39-51.33; p < 0.00001). CSF CHI3L1 levels in 407 patients with MS during remission phase of disease were significantly higher than those in 395 patients with MS with acute relapse (SMD 10.48; 95% CI = 08.51-12.44; p < 0.00001). The performances of CHI3L1 in blood for differentiating patients with MS from healthy controls were not significant (SMD 0.48; 95% CI = -1.18 to 2.14; p: 0.57). DISCUSSION CSF levels of CHI3L1 have a strong correlation with the MS pathologic course, in particular with the mechanism of progression of the disease; it helps to distinguish the PPMS from the RRMS. The potential role of CHI3L1 in serum needs to be further studied in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Floro
- From the Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda (S.F., T.C., A.M.P., M.A.D.R., E.S., D.G.), Ospedale Policlinico; and University of Milan (S.F., E.S., D.G.), Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Carandini
- From the Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda (S.F., T.C., A.M.P., M.A.D.R., E.S., D.G.), Ospedale Policlinico; and University of Milan (S.F., E.S., D.G.), Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Margherita Pietroboni
- From the Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda (S.F., T.C., A.M.P., M.A.D.R., E.S., D.G.), Ospedale Policlinico; and University of Milan (S.F., E.S., D.G.), Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Alessandra De Riz
- From the Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda (S.F., T.C., A.M.P., M.A.D.R., E.S., D.G.), Ospedale Policlinico; and University of Milan (S.F., E.S., D.G.), Milan, Italy
| | - Elio Scarpini
- From the Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda (S.F., T.C., A.M.P., M.A.D.R., E.S., D.G.), Ospedale Policlinico; and University of Milan (S.F., E.S., D.G.), Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- From the Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda (S.F., T.C., A.M.P., M.A.D.R., E.S., D.G.), Ospedale Policlinico; and University of Milan (S.F., E.S., D.G.), Milan, Italy
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de Almeida LGN, Thode H, Eslambolchi Y, Chopra S, Young D, Gill S, Devel L, Dufour A. Matrix Metalloproteinases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Pharmacology. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:712-768. [PMID: 35738680 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The first matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) was discovered in 1962 from the tail of a tadpole by its ability to degrade collagen. As their name suggests, matrix metalloproteinases are proteases capable of remodeling the extracellular matrix. More recently, MMPs have been demonstrated to play numerous additional biologic roles in cell signaling, immune regulation, and transcriptional control, all of which are unrelated to the degradation of the extracellular matrix. In this review, we will present milestones and major discoveries of MMP research, including various clinical trials for the use of MMP inhibitors. We will discuss the reasons behind the failures of most MMP inhibitors for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases. There are still misconceptions about the pathophysiological roles of MMPs and the best strategies to inhibit their detrimental functions. This review aims to discuss MMPs in preclinical models and human pathologies. We will discuss new biochemical tools to track their proteolytic activity in vivo and ex vivo, in addition to future pharmacological alternatives to inhibit their detrimental functions in diseases. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in most inflammatory, autoimmune, cancers, and pathogen-mediated diseases. Initially overlooked, MMP contributions can be both beneficial and detrimental in disease progression and resolution. Thousands of MMP substrates have been suggested, and a few hundred have been validated. After more than 60 years of MMP research, there remain intriguing enigmas to solve regarding their biological functions in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz G N de Almeida
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Hayley Thode
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Yekta Eslambolchi
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Sameeksha Chopra
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Daniel Young
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Sean Gill
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Laurent Devel
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
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193
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Zhang X, Song Y, Chen X, Zhuang X, Wei Z, Yi L. Integration of Genetic and Immune Infiltration Insights into Data Mining of Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:1661334. [PMID: 35795733 PMCID: PMC9252675 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1661334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. MS pathogenesis is closely related to the environment, genetic, and immune system, but the underlying interactions have not been clearly elucidated. This study aims to unveil the genetic basis and immune landscape of MS pathogenesis with bioinformatics. Methods Gene matrix was retrieved from the gene expression database NCBI-GEO. Then, bioinformatics was used to standardize the samples and obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The protein-protein interaction network was constructed with DEGs on the STRING website. Cytohubba plug-in and MCODE plug-in were used to mine hub genes. Meanwhile, the CIBERSORTX algorithm was used to explore the characteristics of immune cell infiltration in MS brain tissues. Spearman correlation analysis was performed between genes and immune cells, and the correlation between genes and different types of brain tissues was also analyzed using the WGCNA method. Results A total of 90 samples from 2 datasets were included, and 882 DEGs and 10 hub genes closely related to MS were extracted. Functional enrichment analysis suggested the role of immune response in MS. Besides, CIBERSORTX algorithm results showed that MS brain tissues contained a variety of infiltrating immune cells. Correlation analysis suggested that the hub genes were highly relevant to chronic active white matter lesions. Certain hub genes played a role in the activation of immune cells such as macrophages and natural killer cells. Conclusions Our study shall provide guidance for the further study of the genetic basis and immune infiltration mechanism of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiaojia Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wei
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Li Yi
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
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194
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Reciprocal Interactions between Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells and the Neurovascular Unit in Health and Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121954. [PMID: 35741083 PMCID: PMC9221698 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are mostly known for their capability to differentiate into oligodendrocytes and myelinate axons. However, they have been observed to frequently interact with cells of the neurovascular unit during development, homeostasis, and under pathological conditions. The functional consequences of these interactions are largely unclear, but are increasingly studied. Although OPCs appear to be a rather homogenous cell population in the central nervous system (CNS), they present with an enormous potential to adapt to their microenvironment. In this review, it is summarized what is known about the various roles of OPC-vascular interactions, and the circumstances under which they have been observed.
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195
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Kihara Y, Zhu Y, Jonnalagadda D, Romanow W, Palmer C, Siddoway B, Rivera R, Dutta R, Trapp BD, Chun J. Single-Nucleus RNA-seq of Normal-Appearing Brain Regions in Relapsing-Remitting vs. Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for the Efficacy of Fingolimod. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:918041. [PMID: 35783097 PMCID: PMC9247150 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.918041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease that alters central nervous system (CNS) functions. Relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) is the most common form, which can transform into secondary-progressive MS (SPMS) that is associated with progressive neurodegeneration. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) of MS lesions identified disease-related transcriptomic alterations; however, their relationship to non-lesioned MS brain regions has not been reported and which could identify prodromal or other disease susceptibility signatures. Here, snRNA-seq was used to generate high-quality RRMS vs. SPMS datasets of 33,197 nuclei from 8 normal-appearing MS brains, which revealed divergent cell type-specific changes. Notably, SPMS brains downregulated astrocytic sphingosine kinases (SPHK1/2) - the enzymes required to phosphorylate and activate the MS drug, fingolimod. This reduction was modeled with astrocyte-specific Sphk1/2 null mice in which fingolimod lost activity, supporting functionality of observed transcriptomic changes. These data provide an initial resource for studies of single cells from non-lesioned RRMS and SPMS brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Kihara
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yunjiao Zhu
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Deepa Jonnalagadda
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - William Romanow
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Carter Palmer
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Benjamin Siddoway
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Richard Rivera
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Ranjan Dutta
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Bruce D. Trapp
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Jerold Chun
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
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196
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Hamatani M, Ochi H, Kimura K, Ashida S, Hashi Y, Okada Y, Fujii C, Kawamura K, Mizuno T, Ueno H, Takahashi R, Kondo T. T cells from MS Patients with High Disease Severity Are Insensitive to an Immune-Suppressive Effect of Sulfatide. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5276-5283. [PMID: 35689766 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02881-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Its early phase is characterized by a relapse-remitting disease course, followed by disability progression in the later stage. While chronic inflammation accompanied with degeneration is well-established as the key pathological feature, the pathogenesis of MS, particularly progressive MS, remains elusive. Sulfatide is a major glycolipid component of myelin, and previous studies in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse models have demonstrated it to have immune-protective functions. Notably, sulfatide concentration is increased in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with MS, particularly those in a progressive disease course. Here, we show that the myelin-glycolipid sulfatide displays an ability to suppress the proliferation of polyclonally activated human T cells. Importantly, this suppressive effect was impaired in T cells obtained from MS patients having higher disability status. Therefore, it is plausible that progression of MS is associated with an escape from the immune-regulatory effect of sulfatide. Our study suggests that, although the precise mechanisms remain unrevealed, an escape of T cells from immunosuppression by sulfatide is associated with disease progression in the advanced stage. Further studies will provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of MS, particularly regarding disease progression, and help develop novel treatment strategies for this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Hamatani
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ochi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Kimura
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinji Ashida
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Kansai Medical University Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Okada
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Kansai Medical University Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Chihiro Fujii
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kawamura
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Minami Kyoto Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiki Mizuno
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kondo
- Department of Neurology, Kansai Medical University Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) is strongly linked to central nervous system (CNS)-specific pathological processes that occur throughout all disease stages, but that become clinically evident in later phases of the disease. We here discuss current views and concepts for targeting progressive MS. RECENT FINDINGS Detailed clinical assessment of MS patients has identified an even closer entanglement of relapse-remitting and progressive disease, leading to novel concepts such as 'progression independent of relapse activity'. Evolving clinical concepts together with a focus on molecular (neurofilament light chain) and imaging (paramagnetic rim lesions) biomarkers might specifically identify patients at risk of developing progressive MS considerably earlier than before. A multitude of novel treatment approaches focus either on direct neuroaxonal protection or myelin regeneration or on beneficially modulating CNS-intrinsic or innate immune inflammation. Although some long-awaited trials have recently been unsuccessful, important lessons could still be drawn from novel trial designs providing frameworks for future clinical studies. SUMMARY Targeting progressive disease biology and repairing established damage is the current central challenge in the field of MS. Especially, the compartmentalized adaptive and innate CNS inflammation is an attractive target for novel approaches, probably as a combinatory approach together with neuroprotective or myelin regenerating strategies.
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198
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Editorial: Advances in Multiple Sclerosis. Curr Opin Neurol 2022; 35:259-261. [PMID: 35674066 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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199
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Pearse DD, Hefley AB, Morales AA, Ghosh M. Comparative Profiling of TG2 and Its Effectors in Human Relapsing Remitting and Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061241. [PMID: 35740263 PMCID: PMC9220003 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic CNS autoimmune disease characterized by immune-mediated demyelination, axon loss, and disability. Dysregulation of transglutaminase-2 (TG2) has been implicated in disease initiation and progression. Herein, TG2 expression in post-mortem human brain tissue from Relapsing Remitting MS (RRMS) or Progressive MS (PMS) individuals were examined and correlated with the presence of TG2 binding partners and effectors implicated in the processes of inflammation, scar formation, and the antagonism of repair. Tissues from Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS; n = 6), Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (PMS; n = 5), and non-MS control (n = 6) patients underwent immunohistochemistry for TG2, PLA2, COX-2, FN, CSPG, and HSPG. TG2 was strongly upregulated in active RRMS and PMS lesions, within blood vessels and the perivascular tissue of sclerotic plaques. TG2 colocalization was observed with GFAP+ astrocytes and ECM, including FN, HSPG, and CSPG, which also increased in either RRMS or PMS lesions. Although TG2 was not colocalized with inflammatory mediators COX-2 and PLA2, or the macrophage-microglia marker Iba1, its increased expression correlated with their elevation in active RRMS and PMS lesions. In summary, the correlation of strong TG2 induction in either RRMS or PMS with some of its binding partners but not others implicates potentially different roles for TG2 in disparate MS forms that may warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien D. Pearse
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.D.P.); (A.B.H.); (A.A.M.)
- The Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- The Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Andrew B. Hefley
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.D.P.); (A.B.H.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Alejo A. Morales
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.D.P.); (A.B.H.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Mousumi Ghosh
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.D.P.); (A.B.H.); (A.A.M.)
- The Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-305-243-9968; Fax: +1-305-243-3923
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200
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Calvi A, Tur C, Chard D, Stutters J, Ciccarelli O, Cortese R, Battaglini M, Pietroboni A, De Riz M, Galimberti D, Scarpini E, De Stefano N, Prados F, Barkhof F. Slowly expanding lesions relate to persisting black-holes and clinical outcomes in relapse-onset multiple sclerosis. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 35:103048. [PMID: 35598462 PMCID: PMC9130104 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Slowly expanding lesions (SELs) are MRI markers of chronic active lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS). T1-hypointense black holes, and reductions in magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) are pathologically correlated with myelin and axonal loss. While all associated with progressive MS, the relationship between these lesion's metrics and clinical outcomes in relapse-onset MS has not been widely investigated. OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship of SELs with T1-hypointense black holes, and longitudinal T1 intensity contrast ratio and MTR, their correlation to brain volume, and their contribution to MS disability in relapse-onset patients. METHODS 135 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) were studied with clinical assessments and brain MRI (T2/FLAIR and T1-weighted scans at 1.5/3 T) at baseline and two subsequent follow-ups; a subset of 83 patients also had MTR acquisitions. Early-onset patients were defined when the baseline disease duration was ≤ 5 years (n = 85). SELs were identified using deformation field maps from the manually segmented baseline T2 lesions and differentiated from the non-SELs. Persisting black holes (PBHs) were defined as a subset of T2 lesions with a signal below a patient-specific grey matter T1 intensity in a semi-quantitative manner. SELs, PBH counts, and brain volume were computed, and their associations were assessed through Spearman and Pearson correlation. Clusters of patients according to low (up to 2), intermediate (3 to 10), or high (more than 10) SEL counts were determined with a Gaussian generalised mixture model. Mixed-effects and logistic regression models assessed volumes, T1 and MTR within SELs, and their correlation with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and confirmed disability progression (CDP). RESULTS Mean age at study onset was 35.5 years (73% female), disease duration 5.5 years and mean time to last follow-up 6.5 years (range 1 to 12.5); median baseline EDSS 1.5 (range 0 to 5.5) and a mean EDSS change of 0.31 units at final follow-up. Among 4007 T2 lesions, 27% were classified as SELs and 10% as PBHs. Most patients (n = 65) belonged to the cluster with an intermediate SEL count (3 to 10 SELs). The percentage of PBHs was higher in SELs than non-SELs (up to 61% vs 44%, p < 0.001) and within-patient SEL volumes positively correlated with PBH volumes (r = 0.53, p < 0.001). SELs showed a decrease in T1 intensity over time (beta = -0.004, 95%CI -0.005 to -0.003, p < 0.001), accompanied by lower cross-sectional baseline and follow-up MTR. In mixed-effects models, EDSS worsening was predicted by the SEL log-volumes increase over time (beta = 0.11, 95%CI 0.03 to 0.20, p = 0.01), which was confirmed in the sub-cohort of patients with early onset MS (beta = 0.14, 95%CI 0.04 to 0.25, p = 0.008). In logistic regressions, a higher risk for CDP was associated with SEL volumes (OR = 5.15, 95%CI 1.60 to 16.60, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS SELs are associated with accumulation of more destructive pathology as indicated by an association with PBH volume, longitudinal reduction in T1 intensity and MTR. Higher SEL volumes are associated with clinical progression, while lower ones are associated with stability in relapse-onset MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Calvi
- Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London (UCL), United Kingdom,Corresponding author.
| | - Carmen Tur
- Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London (UCL), United Kingdom,Neurology-Neuroimmunology Department, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia (Cemcat), Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Declan Chard
- Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London (UCL), United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Stutters
- Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London (UCL), United Kingdom
| | - Olga Ciccarelli
- Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London (UCL), United Kingdom
| | - Rosa Cortese
- Dep. of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Battaglini
- Dep. of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Anna Pietroboni
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Milena De Riz
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Elio Scarpini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola De Stefano
- Dep. of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Ferran Prados
- Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London (UCL), United Kingdom,Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom,e-Health Centre, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London (UCL), United Kingdom,Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom,Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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