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Somegowda M, Raghavendra S, Sridhara S, Rajeshwara AN, N. Pramod S, Shivashankar S, Lin F, El-Abedin TKZ, Wani SH, Elansary HO. Defensive Mechanisms in Cucurbits against Melon Fly ( Bactrocera cucurbitae) Infestation through Excessive Production of Defensive Enzymes and Antioxidants. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216345. [PMID: 34770754 PMCID: PMC8588020 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melon fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) is the most common pest of cucurbits, and it directly causes damage to cucurbit fruits in the early developmental stage. The infection of fruit tissues induces oxidative damage through increased generation of cellular reactive oxygen species. The effects of melon fly infestation on the production of defensive enzymes and antioxidant capabilities in five cucurbit species, namely, bottle gourd, chayote, cucumber, snake gourd, and bitter gourd, were investigated in this study. The total phenolic and flavonoid content was considerably higher in melon fly infestation tissues compared to healthy and apparently healthy tissues. The chayote and bottle gourd tissues expressed almost 1.5- to 2-fold higher phenolic and flavonoid contents compared to the tissues of bitter gourd, snake gourd, and cucumber upon infestation. Defensive enzymes, such as peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and catalase (CAT), were high in healthy and infected tissues of chayote and bottle gourd compared to bitter gourd, snake gourd, and cucumber. The activity of POD (60–80%), SOD (30–35%), PPO (70–75%), and CAT (40–50%) were high in infected chayote and bottle gourd tissue, representing resistance against infestation, while bitter gourd, snake gourd, and cucumber exhibited comparatively lower activity suggesting susceptibility to melon fly infection. The antioxidant properties were also high in the resistant cucurbits compared to the susceptible cucurbits. The current research has enlightened the importance of redox-regulatory pathways involving ROS neutralization through infection-induced antioxidative enzymes in host cucurbit resistance. The melon fly infestation depicts the possible induction of pathways that upregulate the production of defensive enzymes and antioxidants as a defensive strategy against melon fly infestation in resistant cucurbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusudana Somegowda
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Science, Shivamogga 577204, Karnataka, India; (M.S.); (S.R.)
- Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Jnana Shayadri, Kuvempu University, Shimoga 577203, Karnataka, India;
| | - S. Raghavendra
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Science, Shivamogga 577204, Karnataka, India; (M.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Shankarappa Sridhara
- Center for Climate Resilient Agriculture, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Science, Shivamogga 577204, Karnataka, India;
| | - Achur. N. Rajeshwara
- Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Jnana Shayadri, Kuvempu University, Shimoga 577203, Karnataka, India;
| | - Siddanakoppalu. N. Pramod
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry and Food Technology, Davanagere University, Shivagangotri, Davanagere 577007, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (S.N.P.); (H.O.E.)
| | - S. Shivashankar
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, IIHR, Hesaraghatta, Bangalore 560089, Karnataka, India;
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Tarek K Zin El-Abedin
- Department of Agriculture & Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt;
| | - Shabir Hussain Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar 181101, Srinagar, India;
| | - Hosam O. Elansary
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.N.P.); (H.O.E.)
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152
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Abdul Aziz M, Ullah Z, Adnan M, Sõukand R, Pieroni A. The Fading Wild Plant Food-Medicines in Upper Chitral, NW Pakistan. Foods 2021; 10:2494. [PMID: 34681546 PMCID: PMC8536072 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The subject of food-medicines (foods ingested in order to obtain a therapeutic activity or to prevent diseases) is garnering increasing attention from both ethnobiologists and ethnopharmacologists as diet-related chronic diseases are one of the major problems resulting in a large proportion of deaths globally, which calls for interest from the scientific community to make sensible decisions in the field of food and medicine. In this regard, the current study is an important attempt at providing baseline data for developing healthy and curative food ingredients. This study aimed at recording the culinary and medicinal uses of wild food plants (WFPs) in the remote Mastuj Valley, located at the extreme north of Chitral District, Pakistan. An ethnobotanical survey was completed via 30 in-depth semi-structured interviews with local knowledge holders to record the food and medicinal uses of WFPs in the study area. A total of 43 WFPs were recorded, most of which were used as cooked vegetables and raw snacks. Leaves were the most frequently used plant part. A remarkable proportion (81%) of use reports for the recorded wild plant taxa were quoted as food-medicines or medicinal foods, while very few were reported as either food or medicines, without any relationship between uses in these two domains. Previous ethnomedicinal studies from nearby regions have shown that most of the recorded wild plants have been used as medicines, thus supporting the findings of the current study. A literature survey revealed that many of the reported medicinal uses (33%) for the quoted WFPs were not verifiable on PubMed as they have not been studied for their respective medicinal actions. We observed that most of the plants quoted here have disappeared from the traditional food and medicinal system, which may be attributed to the invasion of the food market and the prevalence of allopathic medicine. However, knowledge of these wild plants is still alive in memory, and women are the main holders of cultural knowledge as they use it to manage the cooking and processing of WFPs. Therefore, in this context, we strongly recommend the preservation of local biocultural heritage, promoted through future development and educational programs, which could represent a timely response to the loss of cultural and traditional knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdul Aziz
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II 9, 12042 Pollenzo, Italy;
| | - Zahid Ullah
- Center for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University of Swat, Kanju 19201, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan;
| | - Renata Sõukand
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Pieroni
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II 9, 12042 Pollenzo, Italy;
- Department of Medical Analysis, Tishk International University, Erbil 4401, Iraq
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153
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Salvia Species as Nutraceuticals: Focus on Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Anti-Obesity Properties. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11209365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Salvia plants belong to the Lamiaceae family and are recognized as being strongly aromatic, being widely used for different purposes in culinary or traditional medicine. These plants are well recognized as being rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids and terpenic compounds, which exhibit health-beneficial activities, protecting against oxidative and inflammatory-related diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. Because of these properties, phytochemicals from Salvia species have been investigated as health promoting agents, for application in distinct fields. However, the growing demand for natural products with possible uses and applications in industry requires scientific validation studies. This review consists of a compilation of relevant studies with an emphasis on the antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-obesity properties of phenolic-rich extracts from Salvia plants.
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154
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Ramos LPA, Justino AB, Tavernelli N, Saraiva AL, Franco RR, de Souza AV, Silva HCG, de Moura FBR, Botelho FV, Espindola FS. Antioxidant compounds from Annona crassiflora fruit peel reduce lipid levels and oxidative damage and maintain the glutathione defense in hepatic tissue of Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112049. [PMID: 34426250 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for the pathogenesis of several diseases, such as obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. In addition to interfering with serum concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides, hyperlipidemia is involved in oxidative stress increase and reduction of the endogenous antioxidant defenses. The fruit peel of Annona crassiflora crude extract (CEAc) and its polyphenols-rich fraction (PFAc) were investigated against hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and hepatic oxidative stress in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Lipid parameters in serum, feces and liver, as well as hepatic oxidative status, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems were analyzed. Pre-treatment with CEAc for 12 days decreased hepatic triglycerides and total cholesterol, and similar to PFAc, increased the high-density lipoprotein level. There were reductions in lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation, as well as restoration of the glutathione defense system and total thiol content in the liver of the hyperlipidemic mice treated with PFAc. The fruit peel of A. crassiflora, a promising natural source of bioactive molecules, showed a potential lipid-lowering action and hepatoprotective activities triggered by reduction of oxidative damage and maintenance of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems impaired by the hyperlipidemic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Pereira Afonso Ramos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Allisson Benatti Justino
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Natália Tavernelli
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - André Lopes Saraiva
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rodrigues Franco
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Adriele Vieira de Souza
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Heitor Cappato Guerra Silva
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Françoise Vasconcelos Botelho
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espindola
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
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155
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Singh B, Nathawat S, Sharma RA. Ethnopharmacological and phytochemical attributes of Indian Tinospora species: A comprehensive review. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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156
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Zhou X, Lyu J, Sun L, Dong J, Xu H. Metabolic programming of Rhododendron chrysanthum leaves following exposure to UVB irradiation. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2021; 48:1175-1185. [PMID: 34600596 DOI: 10.1071/fp20386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Excessive UVB reaching the earth is a cause for concern. To decipher the mechanism concerning UVB resistance of plants, we studied the effects of UVB radiation on photosynthesis and metabolic profiling of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. by applying 2.3Wm-2 of UVB radiation for 2days. Results showed that maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and effective quantum yield of PSII (φPSII) decreased by 7.95% and 8.36%, respectively, following UVB exposure. Twenty five known metabolites were identified as most important by two different methods, including univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. Treatment of R. chrysanthum with UVB increased the abundance of flavonoids, organic acids, and amino acids by 62%, 22%, and 5%, respectively. UVB irradiation also induced about 1.18-fold increase in 11 top-ranked metabolites identified: five organic acids (d-2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid, maleic acid, glyceric acid, fumaric acid and suberic acid), four amino acids (l-norleucine, 3-oxoalanine, l-serine and glycine), and two fatty acids (pelargonic acid and myristoleic acid). In addition, UVB irradiation increased the intermediate products of arginine biosynthesis and the TCA cycle. Taken together, the accumulation of flavonoids, organic acids, amino acids and fatty acids, accompanied by enhancement of TCA cycle and arginine biosynthesis, may protect R. chrysanthum plants against UVB deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofu Zhou
- Faculty of Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Spectral Regions Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Jie Lyu
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teachers' College, Baotou 014030, China
| | - Li Sun
- Faculty of Siping Central People's Hospital, Siping 136000, China
| | - Jiawei Dong
- Faculty of Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Spectral Regions Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Faculty of Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Spectral Regions Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
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157
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Riaz S, Hussain I, Ibrahim M, Rasheed R, Ashraf MA. Choline Chloride Mediates Salinity Tolerance in Cluster Bean ( Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) by Improving Growth, Oxidative Defense, and Secondary Metabolism. Dose Response 2021; 19:15593258211055026. [PMID: 34819814 PMCID: PMC8606941 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211055026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Choline chloride (CC) application enhanced the tolerance of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) against salinity stress. The aim of the study was to determine the protective role of CC on plant growth, photosynthesis, and biochemical indicators of oxidative stress. The seeds of BR-99 (tolerant) and BR-2017 (sensitive) were surface sterilized and sown in plastic pots containing river sandy soil. The design of the experiments was completely randomized with 4 replicates per treatment. Three weeks after germination, salinity (150 mM) was imposed. Then plants were sprayed with different concentrations of CC (3, 5, and 10 mM), while normal plants were sprayed with distilled water. Salinity decreased growth attributes, relative water contents, photosynthetic attributes, total soluble proteins, total free amino acids, phenolic, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, proline, and glycine betaine and increased the levels of oxidative stress indicators. However, the application of CC (particularly 5 mM) improved growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments, and activities of antioxidant compounds by reducing the levels of H2O2, malondialdehyde in salt-stressed plants in both cluster bean varieties. BR-99 variety showed more tolerance to salinity stress than that of BR-2017 in the form of greater oxidative defense and osmotic adjustment and clear from greater plant dry masses. Thus, our results showed that the application of CC (5 mM) is an efficient strategy for field use in the areas, where salt stress soils limit agriculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Riaz
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad-Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad-Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad-Pakistan
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158
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Antiaging and Antioxidant Bioactivities of Asteraceae Plant Fractions on the Cellular Functions of the Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2021; 2021:2119634. [PMID: 34589709 PMCID: PMC8476265 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2119634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on antioxidants has been gaining worldwide attention because of their essential applications for medicinal purposes. In this study, we conducted bioprospecting of six Asteraceae plants as the source of antiaging and antioxidant agents. Water and chloroform fractions from Ageratum conyzoides L., Dichrocephala integrifolia (L.f.) Kuntze, Galinsoga parviflora (Cav.), Mikania micrantha Kunth, Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski, and Synedrella nodiflora L. were collected and assayed for their in vitro antioxidant activities and potential antiaging properties using the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe as the model organism. Based on the in vitro assay, the water fractions of S. trilobata showed a strong antioxidant activity. Interestingly, all treatment solutions promoted the stress tolerance phenotype of S. pombe to strong H2O2-induced oxidative stress conditions. Moreover, compared with the treatments without plant extract/fraction, all extract and fraction treatments, except the chloroform fractions of A. conyzoides, promoted yeast cell longevity. Strong induction of mitochondria activity was found following the treatments with the extracts and fractions of S. nodiflora, D. integrifolia, and M. micrantha and likely mimicked the calorie restriction-induced lifespan. Interestingly, S. nodiflora water fractions significantly upregulated the mRNA transcripts of the Pap1-mediated core environmental stress response, namely, ctt1 gene in S. pombe. These data indicated that the fractions of Asteraceae plants had potential antioxidant and antiaging activities through various cellular modulations. S. nodiflora water fraction has been shown to have antioxidant and antiaging activities in S. pombe, by modulating stress tolerance response, inducing mitochondrial activity, and increasing the ctt1 gene expression. Compounds analysis identified that S. nodiflora water fraction contained some primarily compounds including oxyphyllacinol, valine, and sugiol.
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159
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Chemical composition, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties of Ajuga parviflora Benth. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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160
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Yousefian M, Hosseinzadeh H, Hayes AW, Hadizadeh F, Karimi G. The Protective Effect of Natural Compounds on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase Inhibition. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:351-359. [PMID: 34562089 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely prescribed for the treatment of several human cancers. Unfortunately, cumulative doses of DOX are the main cause of myocardial dysfunction. Although preclinical and pharmaceutical studies were performed to investigate the potential of natural compounds in minimizing DOX toxicity, a comprehensive review of them is not available. This review can help the researchers for an effective search strategy. KEY FINDINGS Oxidative stress and p53 play an important role in DOX-associated cardiotoxicity. DOX activates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH oxidase (NOX) in the heart, resulting in excessive reactive oxygen species that can induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis through phosphorylation of p53, DNA damage and/or mitogen-activated protein kinases-mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Although a few chemical drugs with high efficacy are administered along with DOX to prevent or more likely to reduce cardiovascular toxicity, their use is often limited by additional side effects. Recently, attention has been drawn to natural compounds that prevent DOX cardiotoxicity. This review focuses on some of the natural bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic efficacy against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). SUMMARY Some natural compounds, especially flavonols, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins, have the most protective effects against DIC by forming stable radicals and preventing the assembly of the NOX subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhdeh Yousefian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental/Occupational Risk Analysis & Management, University of South Florida, College of Public Health, Tampa, FLUSA.,Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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161
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Zengin G, Stojković D, Mahomoodally MF, Jugreet BS, Paksoy MY, Ivanov M, Gašić U, Gallo M, Montesano D. Comprehensive Biological and Chemical Evaluation of Two Seseli Species ( S. gummiferum and S. transcaucasicum). Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1510. [PMID: 34679647 PMCID: PMC8532678 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Seseli L. is one of the largest genera of the Apiaceae family widely known for their traditional uses as herbal remedies. In the present study, the methanolic and water extracts of two Seseli species, S. gummiferum and S. transcaucasicum were evaluated for their bioactive contents and biological activities. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extracts ranged from 19.09 to 24.33 mg GAE/g and from 0.45 to10.09 mg RE/g, respectively. Moreover, while narcissin was detected as the most abundant component in the methanolic extract of S. transcaucasicum (261.40 µg/g), chlorogenic acid was identified as the major component in all the other extracts, although a high amount was also present in the methanolic S. transcaucasicum extract (107.48-243.12 µg/g). The total antioxidant capacity was also determined by the phosphomolybdenum assay (0.66-1.18 mM TE/g). Other antioxidant assays such as the radical scavenging assays (DPPH: 5.51-11.45 mg TE/g; ABTS: 43.46-51.91 mg TE/g), reducing assays (CUPRAC: 41.67-53.20 mg TE/g; FRAP: 31.26-34.14 mg TE/g), as well as the metal chelating activity assay (14.38-38.57 mg EDTAE/g) were conducted. All the extracts showed inhibitory potential against the enzyme's amylase (0.12-0.78 mM ACAE/g), acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase (0.15-9.71 mg GALAE/g), while only the methanolic extracts acted as inhibitors of tyrosinase (107.15 and 109.37 mg KAE/g) and only the water extract of S. gummiferum displayed anti-glucosidase activity (0.13 mM ACAE/g). Interestingly, the methanolic extracts of both Seseli species showed lower cytotoxicity towards HaCaT cells (IC50: >500 µg/mL), compared to the water extracts (IC50: 267.8 and 321.41 µg/mL). Besides, only the methanolic extracts showed a slight wound healing effect (28.21 and 31.23%). All extracts showed antibacterial action against Staphylococcus lugdunensis (minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations: 0.025-2 mg/mL). S. gummiferum methanolic extract, which exhibited the highest antibacterial potency was found to inhibit adhesion and invasion of S. lugdunensis to HaCaT cells as well. Taken together, this study demonstrated the two Seseli species to harbour interesting bioactive components, in particular polyphenolics and to exhibit several biological properties that could be further investigated for their potential exploitation as healing agents as supported by various traditional medicinal uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey
| | - Dejan Stojković
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.I.); (U.G.)
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius; (M.F.M.); (B.S.J.)
| | - Bibi Sharmeen Jugreet
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius; (M.F.M.); (B.S.J.)
| | - Mehmet Yavuz Paksoy
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Medical Documentation and Secretaryship Programme, Tunceli Vocational School, Munzur University, 62000 Tunceli, Turkey;
| | - Marija Ivanov
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.I.); (U.G.)
| | - Uroš Gašić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.I.); (U.G.)
| | - Monica Gallo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
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162
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Rao RP, Mishra S, Tripathi RM, Jain SK. Bismuth oxide nanorods: phytochemical mediated one-pot synthesis and growth mechanism. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2021.1980037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanya Mishra
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - R. M. Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Jain
- School of Studies in Microbiology, Vikram University, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
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163
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Burlacu E, Tanase C. Anticancer Potential of Natural Bark Products-A Review. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091895. [PMID: 34579427 PMCID: PMC8467168 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell biology, plant-based extracts, structural chemistry, and laboratory in vitro or in vivo experiments are the principal aspects or interfaces that can contribute to discovering new possibilities in cancer therapy and to developing improved chemotherapeutics. Forestry residues can be used for their wealthy resource in polyphenols and other phytoconstituents known for anticancer properties. This review is designed to bring together information on the in vitro or in vivo anticancer potential of woody vascular plants especially the bark extracts (BE) and biosynthesized metallic nanoparticles (BMN) using bark extracts. Type of extracts, main phytoconstituents found in extracts responsible for the anticancer activity, and targeted cancerous cell lines were followed. The literature data were collected via Clarivate Analytics, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Academic (2011-2021). The search terms were: bark extracts, metallic nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, anticancer, cytotoxic activity, antiproliferative effect, and antimetastatic potential in vitro and in vivo. All of the search terms listed above were used in different combinations. The literature data highlight the efficaciousness of the BE and BMN as anticancer agents in in vitro experiments and showed the mechanism of action and their advantage of nontoxicity on normal cells. In vitro testing has shown promising results of the BE and BMN effect on different cancer cell lines. In vivo testing is lacking and more data is necessary for drug development on animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema Burlacu
- Residency Department, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Corneliu Tanase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+40-744-215-543
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164
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Sasikumar R, Jyoti Das A, Chandra Deka S. In vitro cytoprotective activity of cyanidin 3-glucoside extracts from Haematocarpus validus pomace on streptozotocin induced oxidative damage in pancreatic β-cells. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5338-5348. [PMID: 34466113 PMCID: PMC8381084 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3Ghv) compounds were purified and isolated from the anthocyanins extract of Haematocarpus validus. C3Ghv were studied for antioxidant and cytoprotective properties on pancreatic β-cells of rat insulinoma cells (RINm5F) against the oxidative stress induced by streptozotocin (STZ). The exposure of RINm5F cells to C3Ghv at concentration of 100 and 200 μg/mL for 24 h reduced 10% and 23% cell viability, respectively, as compared to control cells. The pre-treatment of RINm5F cells with C3Ghv (50 µg/mL) increased the cell viability by 29% as compared to control, on being treated with STZ (10 mM) for 24 h. The pre-treatment of RINm5F cells with C3Ghv (50 µg/mL) for 24 h followed by exposure to STZ (10 mM) for 1 h decreased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by 57%, generation of nitric oxide by 22.8%, generation of malondialdehyde (MDA) by 32%, the production of p-ERK ½ by 83%, p-JNK by 82.6%, p-MEK by 57%, and p-p38 MAPK by 64%. The C3Ghv treatment also decreased the ratio of apoptotic proteins Bax to Bcl-2 by 61%, and improved the M2 phase of cell cycle by 75% as compared to STZ treated cells. The overall results suggest that C3Ghv protects pancreatic β-cells against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, thereby implicating the significant role of C3Ghv as an antidiabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Sasikumar
- Department of Agribusiness Management and Food Technology, North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU), Tura Campus, West Garo Hills, Tura 794002, Meghalaya, India
| | - Arub Jyoti Das
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Sankar Chandra Deka
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
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165
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Amin B, Atif MJ, Wang X, Meng H, Ghani MI, Ali M, Ding Y, Li X, Cheng Z. Effect of low temperature and high humidity stress on physiology of cucumber at different leaf stages. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:785-796. [PMID: 33900017 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature (LT) and high humidity (HH) are important environmental factors in greenhouses and plastic tunnels during the cold season, as they hamper plant growth and development. Here, we studied the effect of LT (day/night: 9/5 °C, 25/18 °C as control) and HH (95%, 80% as control) on young cucumber plants at the 2, 4 or 6 leaf stages. LT+HH stress resulted in a decline in shoot, root and total fresh and dry weights, and decreased Pn , gs , Tr , Fv /Fm , qP, ETR and chlorophyll, and increased MDA, H2 O2 , O2 - , NPQ and Ci as compared to the control at the 2 leaf stage. SOD, POD, CAT, APX and GR were upregulated under LT+HH stress as compared to the control at the 6 leaf stage. ABA and JA increased under LT+HH stress as compared to the control at the 6 leaf stage, while IAA and GA decreased under LT+HH stress as compared to the control at the 2 leaf stage. Our results show that LT+HH stress affects young cucumber plant photosynthetic efficiency, PSII activity, antioxidant defence system, ROS and hormone profile. Plants at the 6 leaf stage were more tolerant than at the 2 and 4 leaf stages under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Amin
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 71210, China
| | - M J Atif
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 71210, China
- Horticultural Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - X Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 71210, China
| | - H Meng
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 71210, China
| | - M I Ghani
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 71210, China
| | - M Ali
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 71210, China
| | - Y Ding
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 71210, China
| | - X Li
- Tianjin Kerun Cucumber Research Institute, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Z Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 71210, China
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166
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GULDAS M, ZIYANOK-DEMIRTAS S, SAHAN Y, YILDIZ E, GURBUZ O. Antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties of Spirulina platensis produced in Turkey. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.23920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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167
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Liu J, Zhang Z, Xue W, Siriweera WB, Chen G, Wu D. Anaerobic digestion of saline waste activated sludge and recovering raw sulfated polysaccharides. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 335:125255. [PMID: 33991881 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated a new bioresource technology of recovering raw chemicals of sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) from the digested saline waste activated sludge (WASsaline) that naturally contained 3-30% (w/w) of SPs. Two bench-scale anaerobic digestion (AD) experiments were conducted under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions; the effectiveness of extracting SPs from digested WASsaline and the biochemical characteristics of SPs were examined. After 20-days of digestion, the results showed that approximately 54 - 58% of initial total SPs in WASsaline were recoverable, in which 38 - 48% in solid digestate and 10-15% in liquid supernatant). The extracted raw chemicals of SPs were proven to be of high purity (>80%) and demonstrating significant properties such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and anti-coagulation for potential pharmaceutical-like application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zi Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weiqi Xue
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Withanage B Siriweera
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, HKUST Fork Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China.
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168
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ÖZGEN A, TAN ERKOÇ N, TAŞTAN ÖF, PEHLEVAN F. Ultrasonik Destekli Ekstraksiyon (UAE) Yöntemi ile Hazırlanan Kuşburnu Meyvesi Kabuk ve Çekirdek Kısımlarının Antioksidan Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi. İSTANBUL GELIŞIM ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.38079/igusabder.902242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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169
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Anthocyanin Profile, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antimicrobial against Foodborne Pathogens Activities of Purple Rice Cultivars in Northern Thailand. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175234. [PMID: 34500669 PMCID: PMC8433650 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Five glutinous purple rice cultivars and non-glutinous purple rice cultivated in different altitudes in the north of Thailand were collected. The samples were extracted using ethanol and determined for anthocyanins using HPLC. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities against foodborne pathogens were investigated. The highland glutinous cultivar named Khao’ Gam Luem-Phua (KGLP) extract had significantly high levels of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, TPC, and TFC, as well as exerting a potent antioxidant activity through ABTS assay (524.26 ± 4.63 VCEAC, mg l-ascorbic-ascorbic/g extract), lipid peroxidation (IC50 = 19.70 ± 0.31 µg/mL), superoxide anions (IC50 = 11.20 ± 0.25 µg/mL), nitric oxide (IC50 = 17.12 ± 0.56 µg/mL), a suppression effect on nitric oxide (IC50 = 18.32 ± 0.82 µg/mL), and an inducible nitric oxide synthase production (IC50 = 23.43 ± 1.21 µg/mL) in combined lipopolysaccharide-interferon-γ-activated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. Additionally, KGLP also exhibited antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. These results indicate that Thai glutinous purple rice cultivated on the highland could be a potent natural source of antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, and antimicrobial agents for use as a natural active pharmaceutical ingredient in functional food and nutraceutical products.
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170
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Imbabi T, Hassan A, Ahmed-Farid O, El-Garhy O, Sabeq I, Moustafa M, Mohammadein A, Hassan N, Osman A, Sitohy M. Supplementing rabbit diets with butylated hydroxyanisole affects oxidative stress, growth performance, and meat quality. Animal 2021; 15:100339. [PMID: 34425485 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) is a synthetic antioxidant analogous of vitamin E. It is used as a preservative to prevent free radical-mediated oxidation in high-fat foods, and this study's objective was to investigate the effects of BHA on oxidative stress and apoptosis in addition to delineating its efficacy as a growth-promoting feed additive. 60 weaned male rabbits (V-line) were randomly divided into four equal groups: BHA0.0 (control), BHA50, BHA100, and BHA150, administered basal diets with 0.0, 50, 100, and 150 mg BHA/kg of feed for 60 days. Animals were examined for growth performance, markers of oxidative stress and apoptosis, and meat characteristics. Compared to the control group, rabbits receiving BHA-supplemented diets exhibited increases in BW and average daily gain (P < 0.01), where BHA50 and BHA100 groups showed increased muscle content of methionine aspartic acid, serine, and glutamine (P < 0.05). These two groups also exhibited elevated catalase and superoxide dismutase activities and diminished malondialdehyde levels in the liver. Butylated hydroxyanisole upregulated fatty acid synthase gene (FASN), especially in BHA100 animals. Bcl-2-associated X/B-celllymphoma-2 (Bax/Bcl-2) ratio significantly increased in animals receiving higher doses of BHA, and the weight of the liver significantly increased following BHA treatment. Supplementing growing rabbits with lower doses of dietary BHA may promote growth performance and meat quality via maintaining the redox balance. Hence, the 50-100 mg/kg may be recommended as a safe and still effective feed additive as well as an oxidative stress attenuator.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Imbabi
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, Egypt
| | - A Hassan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - O Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza 12553, Egypt
| | - O El-Garhy
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, Egypt
| | - I Sabeq
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, Egypt
| | - M Moustafa
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, Egypt(1)
| | - A Mohammadein
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - M Sitohy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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171
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Chen LG, Lin SY, Lee YS, Wang CC, Hou WC. Hydrolysable Tannins Exhibit Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and Anti-Glycation Activities In Vitro and Learning and Memory Function Improvements in Scopolamine-Induced Amnesiac Mice. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1066. [PMID: 34440270 PMCID: PMC8394356 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural waste from the hulls of water caltrop (Trapa taiwanesis Nakai, TT-hull) was extracted by either steeping them in cold 95% ethanol (C95E), refluxing 95E, refluxing 50E, or refluxing hot water (HW) to obtain C95EE, 95EE, 50EE, and HWE, respectively. These four extracts showed acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities and free radical scavenging activities, as well as anti-non-enzymatic protein glycation in vitro. Eight compounds were isolated from TT-hull-50EE and were used to plot the chromatographic fingerprints of the TT-hull extracts, among which tellimagrandin-I, tellimagrandin-II, and 1,2,3,6-tetra-galloylglucose showed the strongest AChE inhibitory activities, and they also exhibited anti-amyloid β peptide aggregations. The scopolamine-induced amnesiac ICR mice that were fed with TT-hull-50EE or TT-hull-HWE (100 and 200 mg/kg) or tellimagrandin-II (100 and 200 mg/kg) showed improved learning behavior when evaluated using passive avoidance or water maze evaluation, and they showed significant differences (p < 0.05) compared to those in the control group. The enriched hydrolysable tannins of the recycled TT-hull may be developed as functional foods for the treatment of degenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lih-Geeng Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan;
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shyr-Yi Lin
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Lee
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Hou
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
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172
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Szewczyk A, Kwiecień I, Grabowski M, Rajek K, Cavò E, Taviano MF, Miceli N. Phenylalanine Increases the Production of Antioxidant Phenolic Acids in Ginkgo biloba Cell Cultures. Molecules 2021; 26:4965. [PMID: 34443552 PMCID: PMC8400538 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to evaluate the antioxidant properties, to investigate the content of major secondary metabolites in Ginkgo biloba cell cultures, and to determine the change in the production of phenolic acids by adding phenylalanine to the culture medium. Three in vitro methods, which depend on different mechanisms, were used for assessing the antioxidant activity of the extract: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), reducing power and Fe2+ chelating activity assays. The extract showed moderate activity both in the DPPH and in the reducing power assays (IC50 = 1.966 ± 0.058 mg/mL; ASE/mL = 16.31 ± 1.20); instead, it was found to possess good chelating properties reaching approximately 70% activity at the highest tested dose. The total phenolic, total flavonoid, and condensed tannin content of G. biloba cell culture extract was spectrophotometrically determined. The phenolic acid content was investigated by RP-HPLC, and the major metabolites-protocatechuic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids-were isolated and investigated by 1H NMR. The results showed that phenylalanine added to G. biloba cell cultures at concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 mg/150 mL increased the production of phenolic acids. Cultures that were grown for 3 weeks and collected after 4 days of phenylalanine supplementation at high concentration showed maximal content of phenolic acids (73.76 mg/100 g DW).
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Szewczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Inga Kwiecień
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Grabowski
- SSG of Medicinal Plants and Mushroom Biotechnology Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (M.G.); (K.R.)
| | - Karolina Rajek
- SSG of Medicinal Plants and Mushroom Biotechnology Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (M.G.); (K.R.)
| | - Emilia Cavò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; (E.C.); (M.F.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Maria Fernanda Taviano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; (E.C.); (M.F.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Natalizia Miceli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; (E.C.); (M.F.T.); (N.M.)
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173
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Al-Zahrani S, Astudillo-Calderón S, Pintos B, Pérez-Urria E, Manzanera JA, Martín L, Gomez-Garay A. Role of Synthetic Plant Extracts on the Production of Silver-Derived Nanoparticles. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1671. [PMID: 34451715 PMCID: PMC8400420 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The main antioxidants present in plant extracts-quercetin, β-carotene, gallic acid, ascorbic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, catechin and scopoletin-are able to synthesize silver nanoparticles when reacting with a Ag NO3 solution. The UV-visible absorption spectrum recorded with most of the antioxidants shows the characteristic surface plasmon resonance band of silver nanoparticles. Nanoparticles synthesised with ascorbic, hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, and gallic acids and scopoletin are spherical. Nanoparticles synthesised with quercetin are grouped together to form micellar structures. Nanoparticles synthesised by β-carotene, were triangular and polyhedral forms with truncated corners. Pentagonal nanoparticles were synthesized with catechin. We used Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to check that the biomolecules coat the synthesised silver nanoparticles. X-ray powder diffractograms showed the presence of silver, AgO, Ag2O, Ag3O4 and Ag2O3. Rod-like structures were obtained with quercetin and gallic acid and cookie-like structures in the nanoparticles obtained with scopoletin, as a consequence of their reactivity with cyanide. This analysis explained the role played by the various agents responsible for the bio-reduction triggered by nanoparticle synthesis in their shape, size and activity. This will facilitate targeted synthesis and the application of biotechnological techniques to optimise the green synthesis of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Al-Zahrani
- Research Group FiVe-A, Plant Physiology Unit, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.-Z.); (S.A.-C.); (B.P.); (E.P.-U.); (L.M.)
| | - Sergio Astudillo-Calderón
- Research Group FiVe-A, Plant Physiology Unit, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.-Z.); (S.A.-C.); (B.P.); (E.P.-U.); (L.M.)
| | - Beatriz Pintos
- Research Group FiVe-A, Plant Physiology Unit, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.-Z.); (S.A.-C.); (B.P.); (E.P.-U.); (L.M.)
| | - Elena Pérez-Urria
- Research Group FiVe-A, Plant Physiology Unit, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.-Z.); (S.A.-C.); (B.P.); (E.P.-U.); (L.M.)
| | - José Antonio Manzanera
- Research Group FiVe-A, College of Forestry and Natural Environment, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Luisa Martín
- Research Group FiVe-A, Plant Physiology Unit, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.-Z.); (S.A.-C.); (B.P.); (E.P.-U.); (L.M.)
| | - Arancha Gomez-Garay
- Research Group FiVe-A, Plant Physiology Unit, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.-Z.); (S.A.-C.); (B.P.); (E.P.-U.); (L.M.)
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Sularz O, Koronowicz A, Smoleń S, Kowalska I, Skoczylas Ł, Liszka-Skoczylas M, Tabaszewska M, Pitala J. Anti- and pro-oxidant potential of lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) biofortified with iodine by KIO 3, 5-iodo- and 3,5-diiodosalicylic acid in human gastrointestinal cancer cell lines. RSC Adv 2021; 11:27547-27560. [PMID: 35480668 PMCID: PMC9037830 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04679a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Vegetables are particularly rich sources of micronutrients and phytochemicals such as polyphenols and vitamins. These plant-derived bioactive compounds provide antitumor and antioxidant properties due to their capacity to interact with reactive oxygen species (ROS). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of iodine biofortification (potassium iodate/KIO3/, 5-iodosalicylic acid/5-ISA/, and 3,5-diiodosalicylic acid/3,5-diISA/) on the antioxidant activity of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. capitata) cv. ‘Melodion’. In this work, HPLC analysis was used to identify polyphenolic compounds while the antioxidant activity of iodine-enriched vegetables was determined by using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. The content of the water-soluble vitamins was analyzed by using the LC-MS/MS technique. The impact of extracts from iodine-biofortified lettuce on production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in gastrointestinal cancer cells was also evaluated. The results from this research indicate that application of iodine compounds improves the antioxidant potential of lettuce by increasing the concentration of some vitamins, antioxidant enzymes and polyphenolic compounds in the enriched plants. Moreover, the study has shown that iodine-biofortified lettuce induces production of ROS in cancer cells, resulting in an anticancer effect by the induction of programmed cancer cell death. Vegetables are particularly rich sources of micronutrients and phytochemicals such as polyphenols and vitamins.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sularz
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow Balicka 122 St. 30-149 Krakow Poland
| | - Aneta Koronowicz
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow Balicka 122 St. 30-149 Krakow Poland
| | - Sylwester Smoleń
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow Al. 29 Listopada 54 31-425 Krakow Poland
| | - Iwona Kowalska
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow Al. 29 Listopada 54 31-425 Krakow Poland
| | - Łukasz Skoczylas
- Department of Plant Product Technology and Nutrition Hygiene, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow Balicka 122 St. 30-149 Krakow Poland
| | - Marta Liszka-Skoczylas
- Department of Engineering and Machinery for Food Industry, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow Balicka 122 St. 30-149 Krakow Poland
| | - Małgorzata Tabaszewska
- Department of Plant Product Technology and Nutrition Hygiene, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow Balicka 122 St. 30-149 Krakow Poland
| | - Joanna Pitala
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow Al. 29 Listopada 54 31-425 Krakow Poland
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Taviano MF, Cavò E, Spadaro V, Raimondo FM, Musolino V, Cacciola F, El Majdoub YO, Mondello L, Condurso C, Cincotta F, Verzera A, Miceli N. Phytochemical Constituents, Antioxidant Activity, and Toxicity Assessment of the Aerial Part Extracts from the Infraspecific Taxa of Matthiola fruticulosa ( Brassicaceae) Endemic to Sicily. Molecules 2021; 26:4114. [PMID: 34299388 PMCID: PMC8306104 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In a project designed to investigate the specific and infraspecific taxa of Matthiola endemic to Sicily (Italy) as new potential sources of bioactive compounds in this work, the infraspecific taxa of Matthiola fruticulosa were studied, namely, subsp. fruticulosa and subsp. coronopifolia. HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS and SPME-GC/MS analyses of hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from the aerial parts of the two subspecies led to the detection of 51 phenolics and 61 volatile components, highlighting a quite different qualitative-quantitative profile. The antioxidant properties of the extracts were explored through in vitro methods: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power and Fe2+ chelating activity assays. The results of the antioxidant tests showed that the extracts possess a different antioxidant ability: particularly, the extract of M. fruticulosa subsp. fruticulosa exhibited higher radical scavenging activity than that of subsp. coronopifolia (IC50 = 1.25 ± 0.02 mg/mL and 2.86 ± 0.05 mg/mL), which in turn displayed better chelating properties (IC50 = 1.49 ± 0.01 mg/mL and 0.63 ± 0.01 mg/mL). Lastly, Artemia salina lethality bioassay was performed for toxicity assessment. The results of the bioassay showed lack of toxicity against brine shrimp larvae for both extracts. The data presented indicate the infraspecific taxa of M. fruticulosa as new and safe sources of antioxidant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Taviano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; (E.C.); (Y.O.E.M.); (L.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Emilia Cavò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; (E.C.); (Y.O.E.M.); (L.M.); (N.M.)
- Foundation “Prof. Antonio Imbesi”, University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Vivienne Spadaro
- Department STEBICEF/Section of Botany, Anthropology and Zoology, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 38, 90123 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Francesco Maria Raimondo
- PLANTA/Research, Documentation and Training Center, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, V. Europa, Località Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Francesco Cacciola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Yassine Oulad El Majdoub
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; (E.C.); (Y.O.E.M.); (L.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; (E.C.); (Y.O.E.M.); (L.M.); (N.M.)
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy
- BeSep s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Department of Sciences and Technologies for Human and Environment, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Àlvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Condurso
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; (C.C.); (F.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Fabrizio Cincotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; (C.C.); (F.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Antonella Verzera
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; (C.C.); (F.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Natalizia Miceli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; (E.C.); (Y.O.E.M.); (L.M.); (N.M.)
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Nigella sativa callus treated with sodium azide exhibit augmented antioxidant activity and DNA damage inhibition. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13954. [PMID: 34230566 PMCID: PMC8260798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93370-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nigella sativa L. (NS) is an herbaceous plant, possessing phytochemicals of therapeutic importance. Thymoquinone is one of the active phytochemicals of NS that confers noteworthy antioxidant properties. Sodium azide, an agent of abiotic stress, can modulates antioxidant system in plants. In the present investigation, sodium azide (0, 5 µM, 10 µM, 20 µM, 50 µM, 100 µM and 200 µM) doses administered to the in vitro NS callus cultures for production/modification of secondary metabolites with augmented activity. 200 µM sodium azide treated NS callus exhibited maximum peroxidase activity (1.286 ± 0.101 nanokatal mg-1 protein) and polyphenol oxidase activity (1.590 ± 0.110 nanokatal mg-1 protein), while 100 µM sodium azide treated NS callus for optimum catalase activity (1.250 ± 0.105 nanokatal mg-1 protein). Further, 200 µM sodium azide treated NS callus obtained significantly the highest phenolics (3.666 ± 0.475 mg g-1 callus fresh weight), 20 µM sodium azide treated NS callus, the highest flavonoids (1.308 ± 0.082 mg g-1 callus fresh weight) and 100 µM sodium azide treated NS callus, the highest carotenes (1.273 ± 0.066 mg g-1 callus fresh weight). However, NS callus exhibited a decrease in thymoquinone yield/content vis-à-vis possible emergence of its analog with 5.3 min retention time and an increase in antioxidant property. Treatment with 200 µM sodium azide registered significantly the lowest percent yield of callus extract (4.6 ± 0.36 mg g-1 callus fresh weight) and thymoquinone yield (16.65 ± 2.52 µg g-1 callus fresh weight) and content (0.36 ± 0.07 mg g-1 callus dry weight) and the highest antioxidant activity (3.873 ± 0.402%), signifying a negative correlation of the former with the latter. DNA damage inhibition (24.3 ± 1.7%) was recorded significantly maximum at 200 µM sodium azide treatment. Sodium azide treated callus also recorded emergence of a new peak at 5.3 min retention time (possibly an analog of thymoquinone with augmented antioxidant activity) whose area exhibits significantly negative correlation with callus extract yield and thymoquinone yield/content and positive correlation with antioxidant activity and in vitro DNA damage inhibition. Thus, sodium azide treatment to NS callus confers possible production of secondary metabolites or thymoquinone analog (s) responsible for elevated antioxidant property and inhibition to DNA damage. The formation of potent antioxidants through sodium azide treatment to NS could be worthy for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
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An Untargeted Metabolomics Approach for Correlating Pulse Crop Seed Coat Polyphenol Profiles with Antioxidant Capacity and Iron Chelation Ability. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133833. [PMID: 34201792 PMCID: PMC8270320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulse crop seed coats are a sustainable source of antioxidant polyphenols, but are typically treated as low-value products, partly because some polyphenols reduce iron bioavailability in humans. This study correlates antioxidant/iron chelation capabilities of diverse seed coat types from five major pulse crops (common bean, lentil, pea, chickpea and faba bean) with polyphenol composition using mass spectrometry. Untargeted metabolomics was used to identify key differences and a hierarchical analysis revealed that common beans had the most diverse polyphenol profiles among these pulse crops. The highest antioxidant capacities were found in seed coats of black bean and all tannin lentils, followed by maple pea, however, tannin lentils showed much lower iron chelation among these seed coats. Thus, tannin lentils are more desirable sources as natural antioxidants in food applications, whereas black bean and maple pea are more suitable sources for industrial applications. Regardless of pulse crop, proanthocyanidins were primary contributors to antioxidant capacity, and to a lesser extent, anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols, whereas glycosylated flavonols contributed minimally. Higher iron chelation was primarily attributed to proanthocyanidin composition, and also myricetin 3-O-glucoside in black bean. Seed coats having proanthocyanidins that are primarily prodelphinidins show higher iron chelation compared with those containing procyanidins and/or propelargonidins.
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178
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Swargiary A, Verma AK, Singh S, Roy MK, Daimari M. Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants of Lower Assam, India: An In Vitro and In Silico Study. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:267-277. [PMID: 32682384 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200719000449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of medicinal plants for general wellbeing and disease treatment is a common practice among tribal communities of Kokrajhar districts of Assam. However, little works have been done to study the pharmacological aspect of the plants. OBJECTIVES The present study intends to study the antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of selected medicinal plants used by the tribal communities of the Kokrajhar district of Assam since ancient times. METHODS Five traditionally important medicinal plants, namely, Cassia fistula, Citrus grandis, Lindernia crustacea, Sacciolepis myosuroides, and Zingiber zerumbet were investigated for antioxidant, antiproliferative (cytotoxic) and apoptosis-inducing potential in the malignant cancer cell line. Phytochemical content, such as phenolic and flavonoid content, were estimated following standard protocol. The methanolic extract of plants was investigated following the phosphomolybdate method (TAC), FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, and TBARS assays. Antiproliferative activities of the plants were carried out by MTT assay in DL and PBMC cells. The apoptotic study was carried out following the acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining method and fluorescent microscopic imaging. Based on the significant (P≤0.05) high apoptotic inducing potential of the plant and to further dissect the molecular mode of action, including downstream biological action, major phytochemicals derived from L. crustacea were investigated for its prospective binding affinity with anti-apoptotic cancer target proteins. RESULTS Antioxidant studies by FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, and TBARS assay revealed that all five plants contain considerable free radical scavenging activity. C. fistula showed the strongest free radical scavenging activity while the fruit peel extract of C. grandis showed poor activity. The overall antioxidant activities of plants such as TAC, FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, and TBARS may be arranged in decreasing activity as C. fistula > Z. zerumbet > L. crustacea > S. myosuroides > C. grandis. MTT based cell proliferation study showed that all the plants extract significantly (P≤0.05) inhibited cell viability with negligible cytotoxicity (~5-12%) in normal cells. Moreover, L. crustacea showed promising antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing ability against Dalton's lymphoma. It is worth mentioning that the major bioactive compounds of the most potent plant extract, L. crustacea interacted with anti-apoptotic proteins (cancer target) with higher affinity and the results are compared with reference inhibitors. CONCLUSION It is worth noting that these plants have the potential to consider for further scientific studies in different cell lines and animal models. Furthermore, isolation and characterization of bioactive compound(s) may promise the discovery of new and valuable drugs candidate to tackle various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananta Swargiary
- Department of Zoology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar-783370, Assam, India
| | - Akalesh K Verma
- Department of Zoology, Cell & Biochemical Technology Laboratory, Cotton University, Guwahati -781001, Assam, India
| | - Sweta Singh
- District Malaria Office, Amingaon, Guwahati, Assam-786031, India
| | - Mritunjoy K Roy
- Department of Zoology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar-783370, Assam, India
| | - Manita Daimari
- Department of Zoology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar-783370, Assam, India
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179
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Peter A, Žlabur JŠ, Šurić J, Voća S, Purgar DD, Pezo L, Voća N. Invasive Plant Species Biomass-Evaluation of Functional Value. Molecules 2021; 26:3814. [PMID: 34206657 PMCID: PMC8270279 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive plant species (IAS), with their numerous negative ecological, health, and economic impacts, represent one of the greatest conservation challenges in the world. Reducing the negative impacts and potentially exploiting the biomass of these plant species can significantly contribute to sustainable management, protect biodiversity, and create a healthy environment. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional potential, phytochemical status, and antioxidant capacity of nine alien invasive plant species: Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Datura stramonium, Erigeron annuus, Galinsoga ciliata, Reynoutria japonica, Solidago gigantea, and Sorghum halepense. Multivariate statistical methods such as cluster and PCA were performed to determine possible connections and correlations among selected IAS depending on the phytochemical content. According to the obtained results, R. japonica was notable with the highest content of vitamin C (38.46 mg/100 g FW); while E. annuus (1365.92 mg GAE/100 g FW) showed the highest values of total polyphenolic compounds. A. retroflexus was characterized by the highest content of total chlorophylls (0.26 mg/g) and antioxidant capacity (2221.97 µmol TE/kg). Therefore, it can be concluded that the selected IAS represent nutrient-rich plant material with significant potential for the recovering of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamarija Peter
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.P.); (J.Š.); (S.V.); (N.V.)
| | - Jana Šic Žlabur
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.P.); (J.Š.); (S.V.); (N.V.)
| | - Jona Šurić
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.P.); (J.Š.); (S.V.); (N.V.)
| | - Sandra Voća
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.P.); (J.Š.); (S.V.); (N.V.)
| | - Dubravka Dujmović Purgar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Lato Pezo
- Engineering Department, Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12/V, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Neven Voća
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.P.); (J.Š.); (S.V.); (N.V.)
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180
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Estévez M. Critical overview of the use of plant antioxidants in the meat industry: Opportunities, innovative applications and future perspectives. Meat Sci 2021; 181:108610. [PMID: 34147961 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The number of articles devoted to study the effect of "natural antioxidants" on meat systems has remarkably increased in the last 10 years. Yet, a critical review of literature reveals recurrent flaws in regards to the rationale of the application, the experimental design, the characterisation of the plant sources, the discussion of the molecular mechanisms and of the potential benefits. The selection of the appropriate source of these antioxidants and the identification of their bioactive constituents, are essential to understand their mode of action and set effective and safe doses. The methodological approach should also be planned with care as the recorded effects and main conclusions largely depend on the accuracy and specificity of the methods. This article aims to critically review the recent advances in the application of plant antioxidants in meat and meat products and briefly covers current trends of innovative application and future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Estévez
- Meat and Meat Products Research Institute (IPROCAR), Food Technology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
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181
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Dhali S, Pradhan M, Sahoo RK, Mohanty S, Pradhan C. Alleviating Cr(VI) stress in horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum Var. Madhu) by native Cr-tolerant nodule endophytes isolated from contaminated site of Sukinda. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:31717-31730. [PMID: 33611748 PMCID: PMC7896553 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sukinda chromite mine of Odisha is a heavily polluted site, generating huge overburden dumps. The present experiment was designed to evaluate the potential of two native nodule endophytic bacterial strains, viz. Bacillus aryabhattai AS03 (MT645244) and Rhizobium pusense AS05 (MT645243), isolated from contaminated sites to be considered remediation tool to minimize the effect of Cr toxicity on Macrotyloma uniflorum var. Madhu. The two nodule endophytic bacterial strains AS03 and AS05 exhibited tolerance to 1800 and 3000 ppm of Cr(VI) respectively in vitro when cultured alone. AAS analysis confirmed higher accumulation of Cr(VI) in roots and less accumulation in shoots which is dose-specific (bio-inoculant) either treated alone or combined. Complete absence of Cr accumulation approximately 99% in shoots of Macrotyloma was observed owing to synergistic effect of both the strains (biochar-based formulation). This study also suggests increased shoot and root length, nodule nos., and leghemoglobin content of the plant at 60 days indicating the plant growth-promoting effects of both the strains. ROS and antioxidant enzymes of the plant recorded decreasing trend in inoculated plants. However, a significant increment in transpiration rate, total photosynthetic rate, intracellular CO2 conc., and stomatal conductance in leaves was observed owing to dual inoculation. Our findings corroborate the supremacy of synergistic effect of both the strains applied in the form of biochar-based biofertilizer in enhancing growth and tolerance index of M. uniflorum cultivated in Cr(VI)-stressed soil. This investigation depicts the efficiency of the two nodule bacteria as a mixed inoculant to alleviate Cr toxicity and making the seeds safe for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpee Dhali
- Department of Botany, Utkal University, VaniVihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751004, India
| | | | - Ranjan Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Biotechnology, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Santanu Mohanty
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - Chinmay Pradhan
- Department of Botany, Utkal University, VaniVihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751004, India.
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182
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Uysal S, Gevrenova R, Sinan KI, Bayarslan AU, Altunoglu YC, Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Ak G, Baloglu MC, Etienne OK, Lobine D, Mahomoodally MF, Zengin G. New perspectives into the chemical characterization of Sida acuta Burm. f. extracts with respect to its anti-cancer, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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183
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Teixeira SB, Pires SN, Ávila GE, Silva BEP, Schmitz VN, Deuner C, da Silva Armesto R, da Silva Moura D, Deuner S. Application of vigor indexes to evaluate the cold tolerance in rice seeds germination conditioned in plant extract. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11038. [PMID: 34040107 PMCID: PMC8154918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90487-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is a crop that presents sensitivity to cold, especially in the germination phase, which leads to high economic losses. Alternative management forms are essential to increase tolerance to low temperatures, and seed priming represents a promising tool. The objective of this study was to investigate the priming effect of the aqueous extract of carrot roots on rice seeds to increase tolerance to low temperatures during germination. Seeds from cultivars BRS Querência (cold-susceptible) and Brilhante (cold-tolerant) were soaked for 24 h in concentrations of 0, 25, 50, and 100% carrot extract, sown on germitest paper and conditioned in BOD for 21 days at 15 °C. As a control, the seeds soaked in water were also germinated at 25 °C. They were evaluated for germination, first germination count, and germination speed index to calculate the stress indices: tolerance index, susceptibility index, and harmonic mean. They were also evaluated for the length and dry mass of shoot and root. The results showed that the rice seeds conditioning in carrot extract effectively reduces the damage caused by cold, significantly increasing the germination speed and the percentage of final germination and the growth evaluations, more expressive at 100% concentration. The stress indexes are efficient in estimating the tolerance of the cultivars and the effect of the different conditions in low-temperature conditions, highlighting the superiority of the Brilhante cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Bigolin Teixeira
- Postgraduate Program in Seed Science and Technology, Eliseu Maciel Faculty of Agronomy, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Stefânia Nunes Pires
- Postgraduate Program in Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriele Espinel Ávila
- Postgraduate Program in Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Evelyn Paschoal Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Victoria Novo Schmitz
- Postgraduate Program in Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Deuner
- Postgraduate Program in Seed Science and Technology, Eliseu Maciel Faculty of Agronomy, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo da Silva Armesto
- Eliseu Maciel Faculty of Agronomy, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96010-900, Brazil
| | | | - Sidnei Deuner
- Postgraduate Program in Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96010-900, Brazil.
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Milenković I, Borišev M, Zhou Y, Spasić SZ, Leblanc RM, Radotić K. Photosynthesis Enhancement in Maize via Nontoxic Orange Carbon Dots. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5446-5451. [PMID: 33960776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The sustained increase in leaf photosynthesis may increase crop yield. Due to many limitations, plants use much less photosynthetic capacity than is theoretically possible. Plant nanobionics investigates nanoparticle application in living plants, which improves certain plant functions. We synthesized and tested nontoxic orange carbon dots (o-CDs) for the photosynthetic efficiency increase in maize (Zea mays L.). We applied o-CDs foliarly or by adding to the growth solution. The photosynthetic parameters and content of photosynthetic pigments were recorded. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) were measured to monitor the plant antioxidant response to o-CDs. The photosynthetic parameters' values were higher for foliar than for solution application. The 1 mg/L o-CDs applied foliarly and 5 mg/L in solution increased photosynthetic parameters in leaves. The o-CDs raised photosynthetic pigments. The TAA and TPC results indicate reduced antioxidant activity in the plant organs more exposed to o-CDs, depending on the way of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Milenković
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Beograd, Serbia
| | - Milan Borišev
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21102 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Sladjana Z Spasić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Beograd, Serbia
- Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Ksenija Radotić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Beograd, Serbia
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185
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Rousseau M, Horne J, Guénard F, de Toro-Martín J, Garneau V, Guay V, Kearney M, Pilon G, Roy D, Couture P, Couillard C, Marette A, Vohl MC. An 8-week freeze-dried blueberry supplement impacts immune-related pathways: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. GENES AND NUTRITION 2021; 16:7. [PMID: 34000994 PMCID: PMC8130140 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-021-00688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Blueberries contain high levels of polyphenolic compounds with high in vitro antioxidant capacities. Their consumption has been associated with improved vascular and metabolic health. Purpose The objective was to examine the effects of blueberry supplement consumption on metabolic syndrome (MetS) parameters and potential underlying mechanisms of action. Methods A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled intervention trial was conducted in adults at risk of developing MetS. Participants consumed 50 g daily of either a freeze-dried highbush blueberry powder (BBP) or a placebo powder for 8 weeks (n = 49). MetS phenotypes were assessed at weeks 0, 4 and 8. Fasting blood gene expression profiles and plasma metabolomic profiles were examined at baseline and week 8 to assess metabolic changes occurring in response to the BBP. A per-protocol analysis was used. Results A significant treatment effect was observed for plasma triglyceride levels that was no longer significant after further adjustments for age, sex, BMI and baseline values. In addition, the treatment*time interactions were non-significant therefore suggesting that compared with the placebo, BBP had no statistically significant effect on body weight, blood pressure, fasting plasma lipid, insulin and glucose levels, insulin resistance (or sensitivity) or glycated hemoglobin concentrations. There were significant changes in the expression of 49 genes and in the abundance of 35 metabolites following BBP consumption. Differentially regulated genes were clustered in immune-related pathways. Conclusion An 8-week BBP intervention did not significantly improve traditional markers of cardiometabolic health in adults at risk of developing MetS. However, changes in gene expression and metabolite abundance suggest that clinically significant cardiometabolic changes could take longer than 8 weeks to present and/or could result from whole blueberry consumption or a higher dosage. BBP may also have an effect on factors such as immunity even within a shorter 8-week timeframe. Clinical trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03266055, 2017 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12263-021-00688-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Rousseau
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Justine Horne
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Frédéric Guénard
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Juan de Toro-Martín
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Véronique Garneau
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Valérie Guay
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Michèle Kearney
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Québec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ) Research Center, 2725 chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Denis Roy
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Patrick Couture
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Charles Couillard
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Québec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ) Research Center, 2725 chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS)-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada. .,School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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186
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Antioxidant Properties of Plant-Derived Phenolic Compounds and Their Effect on Skin Fibroblast Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050726. [PMID: 34063059 PMCID: PMC8147979 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are rich sources of a diverse range of chemicals, many of which have significant metabolic activity. One large group of secondary compounds are the phenolics, which act as inter alia potent reactive oxygen scavengers in cells, including fibroblasts. These common dermis residue cells play a crucial role in the production of extracellular matrix components, such as collagen, and maintaining the integrity of connective tissue. Chronic wounds or skin exposure to UV-irradiation disrupt fibroblast function by the generation of reactive oxygen species, which may damage cell components and modify various signaling pathways. The resulting imbalance may be reversed by the antioxidant activity of plant-derived phenolic compounds. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge on the impact of phenolics on fibroblast functionality under oxidative stress conditions. It examines a range of compounds in extracts from various species, as well as single specific plant-derived compounds. Phenolics are a good candidate for eliminating the causes of skin damage including wounds and aging and acting as skin care agents.
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187
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Flores P, Pedreño M, Almagro L, Hernández V, Fenoll J, Hellín P. Increasing nutritional value of broccoli with seaweed extract and trilinolein. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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188
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Mara de Menezes Epifanio N, Rykiel Iglesias Cavalcanti L, Falcão Dos Santos K, Soares Coutinho Duarte P, Kachlicki P, Ożarowski M, Jorge Riger C, Siqueira de Almeida Chaves D. Chemical characterization and in vivo antioxidant activity of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) aqueous extract. Food Funct 2021; 11:5346-5356. [PMID: 32462155 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00484g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-nine flavonoid glycosides were identified in the aqueous extract (PC) of Petroselinum crispum var. crispum leaves and apiin, the major compound, was isolated thereof. Apigenin was obtained (90% purity) by the hydrolysis of apiin. A high content of phenolics (12.49 ± 1.70 mg GAE per g of parsley extract - Folin-Ciocalteu method) and total flavonoids (15.05 ± 2.20 mg of quercetin equivalents per g of parsley extract - aluminum chloride method) was quantified in P. crispum, as well as high antioxidant activity ((EC50 - 15.50 mg mL-1, DPPH method) and (189.8 mM Fe(ii) per mg of dry plant aqueous extract - FRAP method)). In vivo analysis with Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells showed low toxicity of the aqueous extract of parsley, however, it revealed a high dose-dependent antioxidant potential, mainly in the lipoperoxidation assay. In addition, flavonoid apiin also showed antioxidant action on yeast cells under oxidative stress in the cell viability assay (0.1 mM) and lipid peroxidation (0.01 and 0.1 mM), while apigenin was slightly antioxidant. Therefore, it is likely that the antioxidant activity of apiin is related to the total antioxidant capacity of parsley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neide Mara de Menezes Epifanio
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465, Km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Lynn Rykiel Iglesias Cavalcanti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465, Km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Karine Falcão Dos Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465, Km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Priscila Soares Coutinho Duarte
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465, Km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Piotr Kachlicki
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Ożarowski
- Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Department of Biotechnology, Wojska Polskiego 71b, 61-630 Poznan, Poland
| | - Cristiano Jorge Riger
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465, Km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Douglas Siqueira de Almeida Chaves
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465, Km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 23897-000, Brazil.
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Antioxidant Activities of Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J. B. Gillett) (Burseraceae) Leaf Extracts Using In Vitro and In Vivo Assays. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3043720. [PMID: 33986915 PMCID: PMC8093066 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3043720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Commiphora leptophloeos is widely used in folk medicine without any scientific basis. Considering this, the aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical profile and the antioxidant activity of C. leptophloeos leaf extracts using in vitro and in vivo assays. Six extracts were obtained from fresh leaves using a serial extraction (nonpolar to polar solvents). These extracts were first evaluated with the presence of phytochemical compounds using the methods thin layer chromatography (TLC), ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC-DAD), and high performance liquid chromatography, both with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Based on the compounds identified, it was used some bioinformatics tools in order to identify possible pathway and gene targets. After that, the antioxidant capacity from these extracts was analysed by in vitro assays and in vivo assays using Caenorhabditis elegans model. Phytochemical analyses showed the presence of polyphenols, such as rutin, vitexin, and quercetin diglycosides in all extracts, especially in ethanol extract (EE) and methanol extract (EM). Bioinformatics analysis showed these polyphenols linked to antioxidant pathways. Furthermore, EE and EM displayed a high antioxidant capacity in DPPH and superoxide radical scavenging assays. They also had no effect on cell viability for 3T3 nontumour cell. However, for B16-F10 tumour cell lines, these extracts had toxicity effect. In vivo assays using C. elegans N2 showed that EE was not toxic, and it did not affect its viability nor its development. Besides, EE increased worm survival under oxidative stress and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by 50%. Thus, C. leptophloeos EE displayed an important in vitro and in vivo antioxidant capacity. The EE extract has polyphenols, suggesting that these compounds may be responsible for a myriad of biological activities having this potential to be used in various biotechnological applications.
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190
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Kasote DM, Lee JHJ, Jayaprakasha GK, Patil BS. Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles as Safer Seed Priming Agent to Improve Chlorophyll and Antioxidant Profiles in Watermelon Seedlings. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11041016. [PMID: 33921180 PMCID: PMC8071577 DOI: 10.3390/nano11041016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoscale nutrients in agriculture to improve crop productivity has grown in recent years. However, the bioefficacy, safety, and environmental toxicity of nanoparticles are not fully understood. Herein, we used onion bulb extract to synthesize manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO-NPs). X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were used for the structural and morphological characterization of synthesized MnO-NPs. The MnO-NPs were oval shape crystalline nanoparticles of Mn2O3 with sizes 22–39 nm. In further studies, we assessed the comparative toxicity of seed priming with MnO-NPs and its bulk counterparts (KMnO4 and Mn2O3), which showed seed priming with MnO-NPs had comparatively less phytotoxicity. Investigating the effect of seed priming with different concentrations of MnO-NPs on the hormonal, phenolic acid, chlorophyll, and antioxidant profiles of watermelon seedlings showed that treatment with 20 mg·L−1 MnO-NPs altered the chlorophyll and antioxidant profiles of seedlings. At ≤40 mg·L−1, MnO-NPs had a remarkable effect on the phenolic acid and phytohormone profiles of the watermelon seedlings. The physiological outcomes of the MnO-NP seed priming in watermelon were genotype-specific and concentration-dependent. In conclusion, the MnO-NPs were safer than their bulk counterparts and could increase crop productivity.
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191
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Jameel S, Hameed A, Shah TM. Biochemical Profiling for Antioxidant and Therapeutic Potential of Pakistani Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) Genetic Resource. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:663623. [PMID: 33927742 PMCID: PMC8076736 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.663623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In Pakistan, chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) are the largest grown legume crops, especially in desert areas. Along with an excellent source of nutrition, chickpea seeds have discernible medicinal and antioxidant characteristics. The diverse set of 90 chickpea genotypes (66 desi and 24 kabuli) were collected from different research zones in Pakistan, and seed flour was used for biochemical profiling. Genotypes were significantly different (Tukey HSD test, P < 0.05) for the traits under investigation. In non-enzymatic antioxidants, highest seed total phenolic contents (TPC) (34725 ± 275 μM/g s. wt.) was found in CM-98 (desi), ascorbic acid (AsA) (69.23 ± 2.25 μg/g s. wt.) in WH-3 (desi), and total flavonoid content (TFC) (394.98 ± 13.06 μg/mL sample) was detected in WH-11 (desi). In the class of enzymatic antioxidants, the highest seed ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (1680 ± 40 Units/g s. wt.) was detected in Tamman-2013 (kabuli), peroxidases (POD) (2564.10 ± 233.10 Units/g s. wt.) activity in CM1235/08 (desi), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (279.76 ± 50 Units/g s. wt.) was detected in CH24/11 (desi). Highest seed catalase activity (CAT) (893 ± 50 Units/g s. wt.) and proline content (272.50 ± 20.82 μg/g s. wt.) was detected in an ICC-4951 (desi). In hydrolytic enzymes, the highest activity of esterase (37.05 μM/min/g s. wt) was found in, CH56/09(Kabuli), protease (11080 ± 10 Units/g s. wt.) in Karak-2 (desi), and α-amylase (213.02 ± 3.20 mg/g s. wt.) was observed in CH74/08 (kabuli). In other biochemical parameters, the highest seed total oxidant status (TOS) (356 ± 17.50 μM/g s. wt.) was detected in CM3457/91 (desi); malondialdehyde (MDA) content (295.74 ± 3.097 uM/g s. wt.) was observed in CM-2008 (kabuli), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (8.36 ± 0.082 μM/g s. wt.) was found in CM-72 (desi). In case of pigment analysis, Sheenghar-2000 (desi) depicted highest lycopene (12.579 ± 0.313 μg/g s. wt.) and total carotenoids (58.430.23 ± 0.569 μg/g s. wt.) contents. For seed therapeutic potential, the highest seed α-amylase inhibition (82.33 ± 8.06%) was observed in CM-88 (desi), while WH-1, WH-6, and ICCV-96030 (desi) depicted the highest value for seed anti-inflammatory potential (78.88 ± 0.55%). Genotypes with the highest antioxidant and therapeutic potential can be utilized as a natural antioxidant source and in breeding programs aimed at improving these traits in new breeding lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amjad Hameed
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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192
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Beltrame BM, Klein-Junior LC, Schwanz M, Henriques AT. Psidium L. genus: A review on its chemical characterization, preclinical and clinical studies. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4795-4803. [PMID: 33826191 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Myrtaceae family is considered one of the largest known botanical families and the genus Psidium is among the most economically interesting. Psidium genus comprises approximately 112 species, and it has been extensively studied, mainly because of Psidium guavaja species. Phytochemical investigations confirmed the presence of phenolics as the main compounds, as well as the essential oils, which were also widely investigated. Pharmacological studies report analgesic, anthelminthic, acaricidal, antihiperglicemic, among other biological activities for different species. The present review covers the relevant literature until 2019 and outlines the current data on chemical composition, preclinical and clinical studies on Psidium species, as well as the main possible mechanisms of action responsible for the described activities. Therefore, it can provide a reference for pharmaceutical research and clinical application of this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betina M Beltrame
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luiz C Klein-Junior
- School of Health Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Melissa Schwanz
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Life Sciences Knowledge Area, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Amélia T Henriques
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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193
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Sebai E, Abidi A, Serairi R, Marzouki M, Saratsi K, Darghouth MA, Sotiraki S, Akkari H. Essential oil of Mentha pulegium induces anthelmintic effects and reduces parasite-associated oxidative stress in rodent model. Exp Parasitol 2021; 225:108105. [PMID: 33812980 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2021.108105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Following the previous findings reported by the present authors on the anthelmintic effect of hydro-ethanolic extract of Mentha pulegium, the volatile constituents of M. pulegium are now assessed in the present study by exploring its anthelmintic and its antioxidant proprieties using in vitro and in vivo assays. Egg hatch assay (EHA) and adult worm's motility assays (AWMA) were used to assess the in vitro activity against Haemonchus. contortus. The in vivo anthelmintic potential was evaluated in mice infected with Heligmosomoides polygyrus using faecal egg count reduction (FECR) and total worm count reduction (TWCR). M. pulegium EO demonstrated 100% inhibition in the EHA at 200 μg/mL (IC50 = 56.36 μg/mL). In the AWM assay, EO achieved total worms paralysis 6 h after treatment exposure. This nematicidal effect was associated to morphological damages observed in the cuticular's worm using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). At 400 mg/kg, M. pulegium oil showed 75.66% of FECR and 80.23% of TWCR. The antioxidant potential of this plant was also monitored by several in vitro assays: total antioxidant capacity was 205.22 mg GAE/g DW, DPPH quenching effect was IC50 = 140 μg/mL, ABTS activity IC50 = 155 μg/mL and FRAP effect of 660 μg/mL. Regarding the in vivo assay, M. pulegium EO demonstrated a protective effect against oxidative stress by increasing the activity of the endogenous antioxidants (SOD, CAT and GPx) during H. polygyrus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essia Sebai
- Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Manouba, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Manar II Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Amel Abidi
- Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Manouba, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Manar II Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raja Serairi
- National School of Health Sciences of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratoire des Plantes Aromatiques et Medicinales, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj- Cedria, B.P. 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Moomen Marzouki
- Laboratoire des Matériaux Utiles, Pôle Technologique de Sidi Thabet Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-chimique Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Katerina Saratsi
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mohamed Aziz Darghouth
- Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Manouba, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Smaragda Sotiraki
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Hafidh Akkari
- Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Manouba, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
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Thind S, Hussain I, Ali S, Rasheed R, Ashraf MA. Silicon Application Modulates Growth, Physio-Chemicals, and Antioxidants in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Exposed to Different Cadmium Regimes. Dose Response 2021; 19:15593258211014646. [PMID: 34158808 PMCID: PMC8182634 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211014646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon (Si) application enhanced the tolerance of plants against different environmental stresses. Therefore, objective of the study revealed that foliar applied Si alleviates the adverse effect of Cd by enhancing the growth, metabolite accumulation, strengthening the antioxidant defense system, reducing oxidative injury, improving plant nutrient status, and decreasing the Cd uptake in wheat. The surface sterilized seeds of Sahar-2006 (tolerant) and Inqalab-91 (sensitive) having the differential metal tolerance capacity were sown in plastic pots containing normal and Cd spiked sandy loamy soil. The design of experiments was completely randomized with 3 replicates per treatment. Two weeks after germination, plants were sprayed with different concentrations of Si (1.5 and 3 mM) with 0.1% surfactant in the form of Tween-20. The plants were harvested after 2 weeks of Si application to determine various attributes. High concentration of Cd (25 mg kg-1) decreased growth-related-attributes, essential nutrient uptake and increase the levels of oxidative stress indicators. The application of Si increased the growth-related attributes, photosynthetic pigments, essential nutrient uptake and also enhanced the activities of various antioxidant compounds (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) by decreasing the contents of oxidative stress indicators and Cd uptake in root and shoot of both wheat cultivars. Sahar-2006 cultivar showed more tolerance to Cd regimes than that of Inqalab-91 as clear from greater plant dry masses. Thus, our results showed that the applied Si level (3 mM) is an efficient strategy for field use in the areas, where slightly Cd polluted soils limit the agriculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Thind
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Litsea martabanica Root Extract and Its Hepatoprotective Effect on Chlorpyrifos-Induced Toxicity in Rats. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071906. [PMID: 33800652 PMCID: PMC8037761 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In Thailand, people in the highland communities whose occupational exposure to pesticides used the root of Litsea martabanica as a detoxifying agent. However, the scientific data to support the traditional use of this plant are insufficient. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and anti-pesticide potential of L. martabanica root extract. Antioxidant properties were investigated by 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, superoxide radicals scavenging assay, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and total phenolic content determination. In all assays, L. martabanica extracts and their fractions exhibited high antioxidant activities differently. The water extract is traditionally used as a detoxifying agent. Therefore, it was chosen for in vivo experiments. The rats received the extract in a way that mimics the traditional methods of tribal communities followed by chlorpyrifos for 16 days. The results showed that acetylcholinesterase activity decreases in pesticide-exposed rats. Treatment with the extract caused increasing acetylcholinesterase activity in the rats. Therefore, L. martabanica extract may potentially be used as a detoxifying agent, especially for the chlorpyrifos pesticide. The antioxidant properties of L. martabanica may provide a beneficial effect by protecting liver cells from damage caused by free radicals. Histopathology results revealed no liver cell necrosis and showed the regeneration of liver cells in the treatment group. L. martabanica extract did not cause changes in behavior, liver weight, hematological and biochemical profiles of the rats.
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Lima Júnior JPD, Franco RR, Saraiva AL, Moraes IB, Espindola FS. Anacardium humile St. Hil as a novel source of antioxidant, antiglycation and α-amylase inhibitors molecules with potential for management of oxidative stress and diabetes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113667. [PMID: 33301920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The substantial increase in diabetes cases worldwide has been a major public health problem, and the use of medicinal plants can be considered an interesting alternative to control the disease and its complications. Anacardium humile St. Hill. (Anacardiaceae) is a typical plant from the Brazilian savanna, popularly known for its antidiarrheal, expectorant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties, however, few studies have fully described its biological properties. This study aimed to investigate in vitro and ex vivo the antioxidant and antiglycation potential of A. humile ethanolic extract, its organic fractions and three isolated molecules (quercetin, catechin and gallic acid), their capacity to inhibit the glycolytic enzyme α-amylase, as well as their cytotoxic effects against RAW264.7 macrophages. MATERIAL AND METHODS The ethanolic extract of A. humile, its organic fractions and three isolated molecules (catechin, quercetin and gallic acid) were tested for their antioxidant (ORAC, FRAP and DPPH) and antiglycation (BSA/Fructose, BSA/Methylglyoxal, Arginine/Methylglyoxal and Lysine/Methylglyoxal) capacities, and also for its potential to inhibit the enzyme α-amylase. Additionally, bioactive compounds present in the A. humile leaves fractions were elucidated by an HPLC-ESIMS/MS analysis. RESULTS The analysis showed relevant antioxidant activity of DCM (1264.85 ± 76.90 μM Trolox eq/g ORAC; 216.71 ± 1.04 μM Trolox eq/g FRAP and 3.03 ± 0.08 IC50 μg/mL IC50 DPPH) and EtOAc (1300.11 ± 33.04 ORAC, 236.21 ± 23.86 FRAP and 3.03 ± 0.14 μg/mL IC50 DPPH) fractions and also of the isolated molecules, mainly gallic acid (1291.19 ± 8.41 μM Trolox eq/g ORAC, 1103.52 ± 31.48 μM Trolox eq/g FRAP and 0.78 ± 0.11 μg/mL IC50 DPPH). Concerning the antiglycation activity, all samples inhibited over 88% in the BSA-FRU method. In the BSA-MGO and ARG-MGO methods, the Hex, DCM, EtOAc fractions and the isolated molecule catechin stood out. However, in the LYS-MGO model, only the isolated molecules showed significant results. In α-amylase assay, all fractions, for exception Hex, presented notable inhibition capacity with low IC50 values, especially DCM, EtOAc, ButOH and H2O (IC50 0.56 ± 0.10, 0.84 ± 0.01, 0.74 ± 0.03 and 0.79 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively). Tests using hepatic tissue showed a notorious capacity of the DCM, AcOEt and ButOH fractions, as well as of the isolated molecules to inhibit lipid peroxidation and ROS production, and also to preserve thiol groups. Molecules of great antioxidant potential were found in our samples, such as kaempferol, quercetin, catechin, gallic acid and luteolin. CONCLUSION A. humile extract and its organic fractions showed promising antioxidant and antiglycation potential and a prominent capacity to inhibit the α-amylase enzyme. Hence, this study presents new results and stimulates further research to elucidate the biological properties of A. humile and its capacity to manage DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joed Pires de Lima Júnior
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rodrigues Franco
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - André Lopes Saraiva
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Izabela Barbosa Moraes
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health (CCBS), Federal University of Oeste da Bahia (UFOB), Barreiras, BA, Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espindola
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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197
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Oalđe M, Kolarević S, Živković J, Alimpić Aradski A, Jovanović Marić J, Kračun Kolarević M, Đorđević J, Marin PD, Šavikin K, Vuković-Gačić B, Duletić-Laušević S. A comprehensive assessment of the chemical composition, antioxidant, genoprotective and antigenotoxic activities of Lamiaceae species using different experimental models in vitro. Food Funct 2021; 12:3233-3245. [PMID: 33877247 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00447f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This research was aimed to assess the potential of Glechoma hederacea, Hyssopus officinalis, Lavandula angustifolia, Leonurus cardiaca, Marrubium vulgare and Sideritis scardica (Lamiaceae) methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts against the damaging effects of oxidative stress using different experimental models. The chemical characterization was done spectrophotometrically by quantifying total phenolics, phenolic acids, flavonoids and flavonols in the extracts, as well as by employing HPLC-DAD technique. Moreover, DPPH assay was used to assess the extracts' radical scavenging potential. Genoprotective properties of the extracts were evaluated using plasmid pUC19 Escherichia coli XL1-Blue, whereas their antigenotoxic potential was determined using Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 and normal human lung fibroblasts. All of the extracts showed antioxidant activity in DPPH assay. Furthermore, the results have shown that aqueous extracts provided the best protection for plasmid DNA, while alcoholic extracts most effectively contributed to the preservation of prokaryotic DNA. Additionally, each of the tested samples significantly protected the eukaryotic cells against genomic damages. Finally, despite not showing exceptional results in DPPH assay, S. scardica extracts are regarded as the most favorable in maintaining the integrity of DNA, which might be due to high quantities of phenolics such as quercetin (up to 17.95 mg g-1), naringin (up to 5.07 mg g-1) and luteolin-7-O-glucoside (up to 3.54 mg g-1). Overall, this comprehensive concept highlights the ability of these Lamiaceae species to safeguard the DNA from reactive oxygen species, to curtail the inflicted damage and also improve the efficiency of the DNA repair mechanisms, while emphasizing the importance of polyphenols as their active principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Oalđe
- Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", Chair of Plant Morphology and Systematics, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Siddika A, Das PK, Asha SY, Aktar S, Tareq ARM, Siddika A, Rakib A, Islam F, Khanam JA. Antiproliferative Activity and Apoptotic Efficiency of Syzygium cumini Bark Methanolic Extract against EAC Cells In Vivo. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:782-792. [PMID: 32781964 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200811122137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syzygium cumini is one of the evidence-based traditional medicinal plant used in the treatment of various ailments. OBJECTIVES Herein, the antioxidant property and anticancer property of Syzygium cumini against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cells were examined to find effective chemotherapeutics. METHODS In vitro assays, and phytochemical and chromatographic analyses were used to determine antioxidant properties and chemical constituents of Syzygium cummini Bark Methanolic Extract (SCBME). Functional assays were used to measure the anticancer activity of SCBME. Fluorescence microscopy and RT-PCR were used to examine morphological and molecular changes of EAC cells followed by SCBME treatment. RESULTS Phytochemical and GC-MS analyses confirmed the presence of compounds with antioxidant and anticancer activities. Accordingly, we have noted a strong antioxidant activity of SCBME with an IC50 value of ~10μg/ml. Importantly, SCBME exerted a dose-dependent anticancer activity with significant inhibition of EAC cell growth (71.08±3.53%; p<0.001), reduction of tumor burden (69.50%; p<0.01) and increase of life span (73.13%; p<0.001) of EAC-bearing mice at 75mg/kg/day. Besides, SCBME restored the blood toxicity towards normal in EAC-bearing mice (p<0.05). DISCUSSION SCBME treated EAC cells showed apoptotic features under a fluorescence microscope and fragmented DNA in DNA laddering assay. Moreover, up-regulation of the tumor suppressor p53 and pro-apoptotic Bax and down-regulation of NF-κB and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 genes implied induction of apoptosis followed by SCBME treatment. CONCLUSION The antiproliferative activity of SCBME against EAC cells is likely due to apoptosis, mediated by regulation of p53 and NF-κB signaling. Thus, SCBME can be considered as a useful resource in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Siddika
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Plabon K Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Saharia Y Asha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Suraiya Aktar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Abu R M Tareq
- Environmental and Organic Laboratory, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ayesha Siddika
- Institute of Tissue Banking and Biomaterial Research, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Ganakbari, Savar, Dhaka-1349, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rakib
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Farhadul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Jahan Ara Khanam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
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Sharma A, Bhardwaj G, Cannoo DS. Antioxidant potential, GC/MS and headspace GC/MS analysis of essential oils isolated from the roots, stems and aerial parts of Nepeta leucophylla. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Noroozi S, Zargaran A, Karimi M. Medicinal herbs: Potential polypills in cardiovascular diseases. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 23:895-896. [PMID: 33636033 PMCID: PMC8678841 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Noroozi
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arman Zargaran
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Karimi
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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