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Yilmaz U, Coşkun AG, Özel Y, Ünlü M, Vardar-Ünlü G. Synergistic interactions of essential oil components with antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Corynebacterium striatum. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae090. [PMID: 38587823 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
AIM In this study, it was aimed to examine the antibacterial activity of the essential oil components (EOCs), carvacrol (CAR), cinnamaldehyde (CIN), thymol (TH), alpha pinene (α-PN), eucalyptol (EU), limonene (LIM), and the antibiotics, linezolid (LZD), vancomycin (VAN), gentamicin (GEN), ciprofloxacin (CIP), clindamycin (CLN), and penicillin (PEN) against 50 multidrug resistant Corynebacterium striatum strains, and the synergistic interactions of CAR and CIN with the antibiotics against 10 randomly selected Coryne. striatum strains to explore synergistic interactions to determine if their combined use could enhance antibiotic activity and potentially reduce resistance. METHODS AND RESULTS The activity of the EOCs and the antibiotics against Coryne. striatum strains isolated from clinical specimens, was examined by broth microdilution method. The synergistic interactions of the EOCs with the antibiotics against 10 randomly selected Coryne. striatum strains were determined by checkerboard method. EOCs, CIN, and CAR and antibiotics, LZD, VAN, GEN, CIP, and CLN were detected to have antibacterial activity against Coryne. striatum strains alone and either synergistic interactions were observed in combinations of the antibiotics with EOCs. CONCLUSIONS All Coryne. striatum strains were determined to be susceptible to VAN and LZD and resistant to GEN, PEN, CIP, and CLN. Synergistic interactions were observed in all combinations of antibiotics tested with CAR and CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Yilmaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Balikesir University, Balikesir 10145, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Gökhan Coşkun
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Uludağ University, Bursa, Türkiye
| | - Yener Özel
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Balikesir University, Balikesir 10145, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Ünlü
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Balikesir University, Balikesir 10145, Türkiye
| | - Gülhan Vardar-Ünlü
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Balikesir University, Balikesir 10145, Türkiye
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152
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Tian Z, Zhang X, Yao G, Jin J, Zhang T, Sun C, Wang Z, Zhang Q. Intestinal flora and pregnancy complications: Current insights and future prospects. IMETA 2024; 3:e167. [PMID: 38882493 PMCID: PMC11170975 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the pivotal roles of intestinal microbiota in many physiopathological processes through complex interactions with the host. As a unique period in a woman's lifespan, pregnancy is characterized by changes in hormones, immunity, and metabolism. The gut microbiota also changes during this period and plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy pregnancy. Consequently, anomalies in the composition and function of the gut microbiota, namely, gut microbiota dysbiosis, can predispose individuals to various pregnancy complications, posing substantial risks to both maternal and neonatal health. However, there are still many controversies in this field, such as "sterile womb" versus "in utero colonization." Therefore, a thorough understanding of the roles and mechanisms of gut microbiota in pregnancy and its complications is essential to safeguard the health of both mother and child. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the changes in gut microbiota during pregnancy, its abnormalities in common pregnancy complications, and potential etiological implications. It also explores the potential of gut microbiota in diagnosing and treating pregnancy complications and examines the possibility of gut-derived bacteria residing in the uterus/placenta. Our aim is to expand knowledge in maternal and infant health from the gut microbiota perspective, aiding in developing new preventive and therapeutic strategies for pregnancy complications based on intestinal microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Tian
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Xinjie Zhang
- Department of Biology University College London London UK
| | - Guixiang Yao
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Jiajia Jin
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Tongxue Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Chunhua Sun
- Department of Health Management Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Geriatrics Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan China
| | - Qunye Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Shandong First Medical University Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan China
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153
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Riedl R, Kühn A, Hupfer Y, Hebecker B, Peltner LK, Jordan PM, Werz O, Lorkowski S, Wiegand C, Wallert M. Characterization of Different Inflammatory Skin Conditions in a Mouse Model of DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis. Inflammation 2024; 47:771-788. [PMID: 38150167 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The mouse model of 2,4-dinitrochlorbenzene (DNCB)-induced human-like atopic dermatitis (hlAD) has been widely used to test novel treatment strategies and compounds. However, the study designs and methods are highly diverse, presenting different hlAD disease patterns that occur after sensitization and repeated challenge with DNCB on dorsal skin. In addition, there is a lack of information about the progression of the disease during the experiment and the achieved pheno- and endotypes, especially at the timepoint when therapeutic treatment is initiated. We here examine hlAD in a DNCB-induced BALB/cJRj model at different timepoints: (i) before starting treatment with dexamethasone, representing a standard drug control (day 12) and (ii) at the end of the experiment (day 22). Both timepoints display typical AD-associated characteristics: skin thickening, spongiosis, hyper- and parakeratosis, altered cytokine and gene expression, increased lipid mediator formation, barrier protein and antimicrobial peptide abnormalities, as well as lymphoid organ hypertrophy. Increased mast cell infiltration into the skin and elevated immunoglobulin E plasma concentrations indicate a type I allergy response. The DNCB-treated skin showed an extrinsic moderate sub-acute hlAD lesion at day 12 and an extrinsic mild sub-acute to chronic pheno- and endotype at day 22 with a dominating Th2 response. A dependency of the filaggrin formation and expression in correlation to the disease severity in the DNCB-treated skin was found. In conclusion, our study reveals a detailed classification of a hlAD at two timepoints with different inflammatory skin conditions and pheno- and endotypes, thereby providing a better understanding of the DNCB-induced hlAD model in BALB/cJRj mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Riedl
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatological Research Laboratory, Jena University Hospital, 07747, Jena, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Annika Kühn
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Yvonne Hupfer
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Betty Hebecker
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Lukas K Peltner
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Paul M Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Cornelia Wiegand
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatological Research Laboratory, Jena University Hospital, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Wallert
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany.
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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154
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Naz S, Mazhar MU, Yadav U, Ali HA, Khasawneh F, Ihsan-Ul-Haq, Tipu MK, Zhu L. Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic potential of Coagulansin-A: in vitro and in vivo studies. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:1225-1238. [PMID: 38411787 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01432-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The current work was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic potential of Coagulansin-A (Coag-A) using mouse macrophages and arthritic mice. In the LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, the effects of Coag-A on the release of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and pro-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. In addition, the mediators involved in the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways were evaluated by the RT-qPCR and western blotting. Coag-A did not show significant cytotoxicity in the RAW 264.7 cells in the tested concentration range (1-100 µM). Coag-A significantly inhibited the production of NO, ROS, and key pro-inflammatory cytokines. The anti-inflammatory effects of Coag-A might be through inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and activating the Nrf2 pathway. In the arthritic mouse models, behavioral studies and radiological and histological analyses were performed. We found that the i.p. injection of Coag-A dose-dependently (1-10 mg/kg) reduced the Carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in the mice. In Complete Freund's Reagent-induced arthritic mouse model, Coag-A (10 mg/kg) showed significant anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects in terms of the arthritic index, hematological parameters, and synovium inflammation. After the Coag-A treatment, the bone and tissue damage was ameliorated significantly in the arthritic mice. Moreover, immunohistochemistry of mouse paw tissues revealed a significant reduction in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the NF-κB pathway, confirming Coag-A's therapeutic potential and mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Naz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Muhammad Usama Mazhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Umakant Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Hamdy Abouzeid Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Fadi Khasawneh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Ihsan-Ul-Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Tipu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA.
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155
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Yasuda T, Kashima Y. A soy protein enzymatic digest mitigates Nrf2-related oxidative stress and attenuates depression-like behavior in a mouse model of sub-chronic restraint stress. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27826. [PMID: 38524573 PMCID: PMC10958348 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Continuous oxidative stress conditions have been identified as a major cause of various neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression. The present study investigated the potential antidepressant-like effects of a soy protein enzymatic digest (SPD) containing soy-deprestatin, which is a soy-derived peptide with reported antidepressant-like effects, as well as its ability to mitigate oxidative stress in the brain caused by sub-chronic restraint stress. Mice were divided into two groups: a control group and restraint stress group. The restraint stress group was further divided into two groups administered water or SPD. After repeated short-time restraints over five days, we evaluated immobility times in the tail suspension test, and antioxidant enzyme activities, glutathione levels, oxidative stress maker levels, and the gene expression levels of Nrf2 and antioxidant enzymes in the brain. The results obtained showed that the oral administration of SPD reduced immobility times in mice exposed to restraint stress. In comparisons with the water-treated restraint group, the administration of SPD restored superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities and glutathione levels and prevented restraint stress-induced increases in malondialdehyde, carbonyl protein, and 8-OHdG levels in the restraint stress group. In addition, high expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, NQO-1 and GCLC were observed in the SPD-treated restraint group. These results suggest that SPD attenuated repeated restraint stress-induced depression-like behaviors by mitigating oxidative stress through the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuwa Yasuda
- Global Healthcare Research Laboratory, UHA Mikakuto Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kashima
- Global Healthcare Research Laboratory, UHA Mikakuto Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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156
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Casado-Losada I, Acosta M, Schädl B, Priglinger E, Wolbank S, Nürnberger S. Unlocking Potential: Low Bovine Serum Albumin Enhances the Chondrogenicity of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells in Pellet Cultures. Biomolecules 2024; 14:413. [PMID: 38672430 PMCID: PMC11048491 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) plays a crucial role in cell culture media, influencing cellular processes such as proliferation and differentiation. Although it is commonly included in chondrogenic differentiation media, its specific function remains unclear. This study explores the effect of different BSA concentrations on the chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (hASCs). hASC pellets from six donors were cultured under chondrogenic conditions with three BSA concentrations. Surprisingly, a lower BSA concentration led to enhanced chondrogenesis. The degree of this effect was donor-dependent, classifying them into two groups: (1) high responders, forming at least 35% larger, differentiated pellets with low BSA in comparison to high BSA; (2) low responders, which benefitted only slightly from low BSA doses with a decrease in pellet size and marginal differentiation, indicative of low intrinsic differentiation potential. In all cases, increased chondrogenesis was accompanied by hypertrophy under low BSA concentrations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing improved chondrogenicity and the tendency for hypertrophy with low BSA concentration compared to standard levels. Once the tendency for hypertrophy is understood, the determination of BSA concentration might be used to tune hASC chondrogenic or osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Casado-Losada
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma-Surgery, Division of Trauma-Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.C.-L.); (M.A.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria (E.P.); (S.W.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Acosta
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma-Surgery, Division of Trauma-Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.C.-L.); (M.A.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria (E.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Barbara Schädl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria (E.P.); (S.W.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eleni Priglinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria (E.P.); (S.W.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Department for Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Susanne Wolbank
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria (E.P.); (S.W.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Nürnberger
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma-Surgery, Division of Trauma-Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.C.-L.); (M.A.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria (E.P.); (S.W.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
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157
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Jiang Z, Yang A, Chen H, Shi Y, Li X. Intelligent diagnosis of the severity of disease conditions in COVID-19 patients based on the LASSO method. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1302256. [PMID: 38605874 PMCID: PMC11007034 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1302256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop an intelligent diagnosis model based on the LASSO method to predict the severity of COVID-19 patients. Methods The study uses the clinical data of 500 COVID-19 patients from a designated hospital in Guangzhou, China, and selects eight features, including age, sex, dyspnea, comorbidity, complication, lymphocytes (LYM), CRP, and lung injury score, as the most important predictors of COVID-19 severity. The study applies the LASSO method to perform feature selection and regularization, and compares the LASSO method with other machine learning methods, such as ridge regression, support vector machine, and random forest. Results The study finds that the ridge regression model has the best performance among the four models, with an AUROC of 0.92 in the internal validation and 0.91 in the external validation. Conclusion The study provides a simple, robust, and interpretable model for the intelligent diagnosis of COVID-19 severity, and a convenient and practical tool for the public and the health care workers to assess COVID-19 severity. However, the study also has some limitations and directions for future research, such as the need for more data from different sources and settings, and from prospective, longitudinal, multi-class classification models. The study hopes to contribute to the prevention and control of COVID-19, and to the improvement of the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Jiang
- Department of ICU, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aixiang Yang
- Department of ICU, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiqiu Shi
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Department of ICU, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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158
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Fang W, Xie S, Deng W. Ferroptosis mechanisms and regulations in cardiovascular diseases in the past, present, and future. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:17. [PMID: 38509409 PMCID: PMC10955039 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09853-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main diseases that endanger human health, and their risk factors contribute to high morbidity and a high rate of hospitalization. Cell death is the most important pathophysiology in CVDs. As one of the cell death mechanisms, ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death (RCD) that broadly participates in CVDs (such as myocardial infarction, heart transplantation, atherosclerosis, heart failure, ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, atrial fibrillation, cardiomyopathy (radiation-induced cardiomyopathy, diabetes cardiomyopathy, sepsis-induced cardiac injury, doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury, iron overload cardiomyopathy, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), and pulmonary arterial hypertension), involving in iron regulation, metabolic mechanism and lipid peroxidation. This article reviews recent research on the mechanism and regulation of ferroptosis and its relationship with the occurrence and treatment of CVDs, aiming to provide new ideas and treatment targets for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CVDs by clarifying the latest progress in CVDs research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Saiyang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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159
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Kaur M, Sharma S, Kalia A, Sandhu N. Essential oils and their blends: mechanism of antibacterial activity and antibiofilm potential on food-grade maize starch packaging films. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00514-w. [PMID: 38506949 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00514-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Essential oils are highly complex volatile chemical compounds utilized for food preservation. The present study compares the antibacterial, and antibiofilm activities of essential oils (EOs) and their blends. Three EOs-basil, clove, and lemongrass-and their blends were evaluated against five food-borne bacterial pathogens. A concentration-dependent effect with maximum inhibition at minimum inhibitory concentration values was recorded while no synergistic activity was observed on blending of EOs. The mechanism of antibacterial action was identified as ROS burst, leakage of cytoplasmic content, and DNA degradation through fluorescence microscopy, electrical conductivity, and DNA cleavage studies. The role of EOs on biofilm growth was deciphered with lemongrass EO being most effective as it curbed biofilm formation on the surface of corn-starch packaging films. This work highlights the antibacterial action mechanism of EOs and their potential role in curtailing biofilm growth on food-grade packaging material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Pincode:141004, Punjab, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Pincode:141004, Punjab, India
| | - Anu Kalia
- Electron Microscoy and Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Pincode:141004, Punjab, India.
| | - Nitika Sandhu
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Pincode:141004, Punjab, India
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Duft RG, Bonfante ILP, Palma-Duran SA, Chacon-Mikahil MPT, Griffin JL, Cavaglieri CR. Moderate-Intensity Combined Training Induces Lipidomic Changes in Individuals with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024:dgae177. [PMID: 38488044 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Alterations in the lipid metabolism are linked to metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance (IR), obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Regular exercise, particularly combined training (CT), is a well-known non-pharmacological treatment that combines aerobic (AT) and resistance (RT) training benefits. However, it is unclear whether moderate-intensity exercise without dietary intervention induces changes in lipid metabolism to promote a 'healthy lipidome'. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to investigate the effect of 16 weeks of CT on plasma and white adipose tissue in both sexes, middle-aged subjects with normal weight, obesity and T2D using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) untargeted lipidomics approach. METHODS Body composition, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max), strength, and biochemical markers were evaluated before and after the control/training period and correlated with lipid changes. CT consisted of 8 to 10 RT exercises, followed by 35 min of AT (45 -70% VO2 max), 3 times a week for 16 weeks. RESULTS The CT significantly reduced the levels of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid side-chains (SFA/MUFA) in sphingolipids, glycerolipids (GL) and glycerophospholipids (GP) as well as reducing fat mass, circumferences and IR. Increased levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in GPs, and GLs were also observed, along with increased fat-free mass, VO2 max, and strength (all p < 0.05) after training. CONCLUSION Our study stated that 16 weeks of moderate-intensity CT remodelled the lipid metabolism in OB, and T2D individuals, even without dietary intervention, establishing a link between exercise-modulated lipid markers and mechanisms that reduce IR and obesity-related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Garbellini Duft
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Av. Érico Veríssimo, 701 - Barão Geraldo, Campinas - SP, 13083-851, São Paulo, Brazil
- The Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Ashgrove Rd W, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Ivan Luiz Padilha Bonfante
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Av. Érico Veríssimo, 701 - Barão Geraldo, Campinas - SP, 13083-851, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Susana Alejandra Palma-Duran
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Food Science, Research Centre in Food and Development A.C., Hermosillo, 83304, Mexico
| | - Mara Patrícia Traina Chacon-Mikahil
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Av. Érico Veríssimo, 701 - Barão Geraldo, Campinas - SP, 13083-851, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julian Leether Griffin
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- The Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Ashgrove Rd W, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Cláudia Regina Cavaglieri
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Av. Érico Veríssimo, 701 - Barão Geraldo, Campinas - SP, 13083-851, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhang CY, Yang M. Roles of fibroblast growth factors in the treatment of diabetes. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:392-402. [PMID: 38591079 PMCID: PMC10999039 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i3.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes affects about 422 million people worldwide, causing 1.5 million deaths each year. However, the incidence of diabetes is increasing, including several types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes (5%-10% of diabetic cases) and type 2 diabetes (90%-95% of diabetic cases) are the main types of diabetes in the clinic. Accumulating evidence shows that the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family plays important roles in many metabolic disorders, including type 1 and type 2 diabetes. FGF consists of 23 family members (FGF-1-23) in humans. Here, we review current findings of FGFs in the treatment of diabetes and management of diabetic complications. Some FGFs (e.g., FGF-15, FGF-19, and FGF-21) have been broadly investigated in preclinical studies for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes, and their therapeutic roles in diabetes are currently under investigation in clinical trials. Overall, the roles of FGFs in diabetes and diabetic complications are involved in numerous processes. First, FGF intervention can prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance and reduce the levels of fasting blood glucose and triglycerides by regulating lipolysis in adipose tissues and hepatic glucose production. Second, modulation of FGF expression can inhibit renal and cardiac fibrosis by regulating the expression of extracellular matrix components, promote diabetic wound healing process and bone repair, and inhibit cancer cell proliferation and migration. Finally, FGFs can regulate the activation of glucose-excited neurons and the expression of thermogenic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ye Zhang
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
- NextGen Precision Health Institution, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
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162
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Ikhlef L, Yassine M, Chandouri B, Rivière L, Naves T, Dmytruk N, Gachard N, Jauberteau MO, Gallet PF. Targeting the NTSR2/TrkB oncogenic pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6084. [PMID: 38480783 PMCID: PMC10937676 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56663-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Current therapies that target the B-cell receptor pathway or the inhibition of anti-apoptotic proteins do not prevent the progressive forms of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), have low long-term efficacy and are subject to therapeutic resistance. Deciphering the mechanisms of leukemic cell survival and searching for new specific targets therefore remain major challenges to improve the management of this disease. It was evidenced that NTSR2 (neurotensin receptor 2), through the recruitment of TRKB (tropomyosin related kinase B), induces survival pathways in leukemic B cells. We have investigated the therapeutic potential of this protein complex as a new target. The binding domain of NTSR2 and TRKB was identified and a peptide targeting the latter was designed. The peptide binds TRKB and efficiently decreases the interaction of the two proteins. It is also effectively internalized by CLL-B cells in which it notably affects Src family kinase signaling and anti-apoptotic proteins levels. It demonstrated a cytotoxic effect both in vitro on the MEC-1 cell line and ex vivo on a cohort of 30 CLL patients. Altogether, these results underline the therapeutic potential of the NTSR2/TRKB protein complex as a target in CLL and open new perspectives for the development of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Ikhlef
- UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, University of Limoges, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | - May Yassine
- UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, University of Limoges, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | - Boutaîna Chandouri
- UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, University of Limoges, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | - Léa Rivière
- UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, University of Limoges, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | - Thomas Naves
- UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, University of Limoges, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | - Natalya Dmytruk
- Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Nathalie Gachard
- Hematology Laboratory, UMR CNRS7276/INSERM 1262, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Marie-Odile Jauberteau
- UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, University of Limoges, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
- Immunology Laboratory, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Paul-François Gallet
- UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, University of Limoges, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France.
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163
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Sun R, Jin X, Bao Y, Cao Z, Gao D, Zhang R, Qiu L, Yuan H, Xing C. Microenvironment with NIR-Controlled ROS and Mechanical Tensions for Manipulating Cell Activities in Wound Healing. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:3257-3266. [PMID: 38426843 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) orchestrates cell behavior and tissue regeneration by modulating biochemical and mechanical signals. Manipulating cell-material interactions is crucial for leveraging biomaterials to regulate cell functions. Yet, integrating multiple cues in a single material remains a challenge. Here, near-infrared (NIR)-controlled multifunctional hydrogel platforms, named PIC/CM@NPs, are introduced to dictate fibroblast behavior during wound healing by tuning the matrix oxidative stress and mechanical tensions. PIC/CM@NPs are prepared through cell adhesion-medicated assembly of collagen-like polyisocyanide (PIC) polymers and cell-membrane-coated conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CM@NPs), which closely mimic the fibrous structure and nonlinear mechanics of ECM. Upon NIR stimulation, PIC/CM@NPs composites enhance fibroblast cell proliferation, migration, cytokine production, and myofibroblast activation, crucial for wound closure. Moreover, they exhibit effective and toxin removal antibacterial properties, reducing inflammation. This multifunctional approach accelerates healing by 95%, highlighting the importance of integrating biochemical and biophysical cues in the biomaterial design for advanced tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Molecular Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Molecular Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - Yuying Bao
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Molecular Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - Zhanshuo Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Dong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Molecular Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Molecular Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - Liang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Molecular Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Molecular Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Chemistry Department, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Chengfen Xing
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Molecular Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
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164
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Behrangi E, Feizollahi M, Zare S, Goodarzi A, Ghasemi MR, Sadeghzadeh-Bazargan A, Dehghani A, Nouri M, Zeinali R, Roohaninasab M, Nilforoushzadeh MA. Evaluation of the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells derived conditioned medium in the treatment of striae distensae: a double blind randomized clinical trial. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:62. [PMID: 38439103 PMCID: PMC10913631 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03675-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Striae distensae is a disfiguring atrophic skin condition that impairs the body's aesthetic image. Despite the variety of conducted studies, there is controversy regarding the best modalities. Human mesenchymal stem cells are considered a rich source for scar treatment. Skin needling is among the most efficient and safe aesthetic and therapeutic devices. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of needling and intradermal injection of mesenchymal stem cells compared to skin needling alone for treating striae distensae. METHOD This study was a randomized, double-blind clinical trial involving 10 women aged 18-60. Each striae lesion was divided into two parts, with one side receiving needling and intradermal injection of conditioned medium, while the other side received needling and intradermal injection of normal saline. This treatment was administered in three sessions with three-week intervals. Patients were evaluated before the first intervention and three months after the final session. Three months after the completion of the intervention, patients' lesions were evaluated using biometric criteria, physician evaluation, and patient self-assessment. RESULTS The results demonstrated a significant improvement in dermal and complete thickness and skin density in patients treated with microneedling. All skin ultrasound parameters improved significantly in patients receiving the combination of needling and conditioned medium. When comparing the two groups, significantly higher physician and patient satisfaction was observed in the combination group. However, the comparison of biometric indices improvement wasn't significant between these groups. CONCLUSION The combination of human mesenchymal stem cells with microneedling could be considered a novel effective option for stretch marks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Behrangi
- Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Feizollahi
- Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sona Zare
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Goodarzi
- Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ghasemi
- Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Sadeghzadeh-Bazargan
- Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Dehghani
- Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Nouri
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Zeinali
- Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Roohaninasab
- Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Nilforoushzadeh
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Skin Repair Research Center, Jordan Dermatology and Hair Transplantation Center, Tehran, Iran.
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165
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Liang W, Zhao Y, Cai B, Huang Y, Chen X, Ni N, Wang Y, Lin Z, Lin C, Huang K. Psychological stress induces hair regenerative disorders through corticotropin-releasing hormone-mediated autophagy inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 699:149564. [PMID: 38277725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Psychosocial stress is increasing, causing a growing number of people to suffer from hair loss. Stress-related corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is associated with hair loss, but the mechanism by which hair follicles respond to stress and CRH remain poorly understood. The aim of the study is to elucidate the association between CRH and stress-related hair regenerative disorders, and reveal the potential pathological mechanisms. A chronic unpredictable stress mouse model and a chronic social defeat stress mouse model were used to examine the role of CRH and stress-related hair regrowth. Chronic unpredictable stress and chronic social defeat stress increased the expression of CRH and CRH receptors (CRHRs), and contributed to the onset of hair-cycle abnormalities. Psychoemotional stress and stress-related CRH blocked hair follicle regrowth, which could be restored by astressin, a CRHR antagonist. Long-term exposure to either chronic unpredictable stress or CRH induced a decrease in autophagy, which could be partially rescued by astressin. Activating CRHR, by stress or CRH administration, decreased autophagy via the mTOR-ULK1 signaling pathway to mediate hair regenerative disorders, which could be partially reversed through enhancing autophagy by administration of brefeldin A. These findings indicate that CRH-mediated autophagy inhibition play an important role in stress-induced hair regenerative disorders. CRH regulates the local hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of hair follicles, but also plays an independent pathogenic role in stress-related hair regenerative disorders through CRH-mediated autophagy inhibition. This work contributes to the present understanding of hair loss and suggests that enhancing autophagy may have a therapeutic effect on stress-induced hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzi Liang
- Shantou University Mental Health Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Yinglin Zhao
- Shantou University Mental Health Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Bozhi Cai
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Yuxin Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Xiuwen Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Na Ni
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Yingshan Wang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Zhaoping Lin
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Changmin Lin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China.
| | - Keng Huang
- Emergency Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China.
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166
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Ali W, Jamal S, Gangwar R, Ahmed F, Pahuja I, Sharma R, Prakash Dwivedi V, Agarwal M, Grover S. Unravelling the potential of Triflusal as an anti-TB repurposed drug by targeting replication protein DciA. Microbes Infect 2024; 26:105284. [PMID: 38145750 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant Tuberculosis (TB) is imposing extreme difficulties in controlling the TB infection rate globally, making treatment critically challenging. To combat the prevailing situation, it is crucial to explore new anti-TB drugs with a novel mechanism of action and high efficacy. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb)DciA is an essential protein involved in bacterial replication and regulates its growth. DciA interacts with DNA and provides critical help in binding other replication machinery proteins to the DNA. Moreover, the lack of any structural homology of M.tb DciA with human proteins makes it an appropriate target for drug development. In this study, FDA-approved drugs were virtually screened against M.tb DciA to identify potential inhibitors. Four drugs namely Lanreotide, Risedronate, Triflusal, and Zoledronic acid showed higher molecular docking scores. Further, molecular dynamics simulations analysis of DciA-drugs complexes reported stable interaction, more compactness, and reduced atomic motion. The anti-TB activity of drugs was further evaluated under in vitro and ex vivo conditions where Triflusal was observed to have the best possible activity with the MIC of 25 μg/ml. Our findings present novel DciA inhibitors and anti-TB activity of Triflusal. Further investigations on the use of Triflusal may lead to the discovery of a new anti-TB drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Ali
- Jamia Hamdard, Department of Molecular Medicine, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Salma Jamal
- Jamia Hamdard, Department of Molecular Medicine, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Rishabh Gangwar
- Jamia Hamdard, Department of Molecular Medicine, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Faraz Ahmed
- Jamia Hamdard, Department of Molecular Medicine, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Isha Pahuja
- Immunobiology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India.
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Ved Prakash Dwivedi
- Immunobiology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India.
| | - Meetu Agarwal
- Jamia Hamdard, Department of Molecular Medicine, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Sonam Grover
- Jamia Hamdard, Department of Molecular Medicine, New Delhi 110062, India.
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167
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Jurdana M, Cemazar M. Sarcopenic obesity in cancer. Radiol Oncol 2024; 58:1-8. [PMID: 38378031 PMCID: PMC10878777 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2024-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenic obesity is a relatively new term. It is a clinical condition characterized by sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and function) and obesity (increase in fat mass) that mainly affects older adults. As the incidence of sarcopenia and obesity increases worldwide, sarcopenic obesity is becoming a greater problem also in cancer patients. In fact, sarcopenic obesity is associated with poorer treatment outcomes, longer hospital stays, physical disability, and shorter survival in several cancers. Oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, and systemic inflammation, as well as altered expression of skeletal muscle anti-inflammatory myokines in sarcopenic obesity, are also associated with carcinogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Reported prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in cancer varies because of heterogeneity in definitions and variability in diagnostic criteria used to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and obesity. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe the definitions, prevalence, and diagnostic criteria as well as the mechanisms that cancer has in common with sarcopenic obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Jurdana
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Maja Cemazar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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168
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Sockel K, Götze K, Ganster C, Bill M, Georgi JA, Balaian E, Aringer M, Trautmann-Grill K, Uhlig M, Bornhäuser M, Haase D, Thiede C. VEXAS syndrome: complete molecular remission after hypomethylating therapy. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:993-997. [PMID: 38214707 PMCID: PMC10866742 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05611-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The VEXAS syndrome, a genetically defined autoimmune disease, associated with various hematological neoplasms has been attracting growing attention since its initial description in 2020. While various therapeutic strategies have been explored in case studies, the optimal treatment strategy is still under investigation and allogeneic cell transplantation is considered the only curative treatment. Here, we describe 2 patients who achieved complete molecular remission of the underlying UBA1 mutant clone outside the context of allogeneic HCT. Both patients received treatment with the hypomethylating agent azacitidine, and deep molecular remission triggered treatment de-escalation and even cessation with sustained molecular remission in one of them. Prospective studies are necessary to clarify which VEXAS patients will benefit most from hypomethylating therapy and to understand the variability in the response to different treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Sockel
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic I, University Hospital Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites, MunichDresden, Germany.
| | - Katharina Götze
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites, MunichDresden, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Ganster
- Clinics of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marius Bill
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic I, University Hospital Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julia-Annabell Georgi
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic I, University Hospital Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Balaian
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic I, University Hospital Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Aringer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Maria Uhlig
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic I, University Hospital Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic I, University Hospital Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites, MunichDresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT/UCC), Dresden, Germany
| | - Detlef Haase
- Clinics of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Thiede
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic I, University Hospital Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- AgenDix GmbH, Dresden, Germany
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169
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Feng Y. Exploring clues pointing toward the existence of a brain-gut microbiota-hair follicle axis. Curr Res Transl Med 2024; 72:103408. [PMID: 38246020 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2023.103408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Proposing the concept of a brain-gut-skin axis has led some researchers to recognize the relationship among brain activity, gut microbiota, and the skin. Hair follicles are skin accessory organs, a previously unnoticed target tissue for classical neurohormones, neurotrophins, and neuropeptides. Some studies have shown a relationship between the central nervous system and hair follicles that an imbalance in the gut bacteria can affect hair follicle density. This review summarizes existing evidence from literature and explores clues supporting a connection linking the brain, gut microbiota, and hair follicles. It amalgamates previously proposed partial concepts into a new, unified concept-the "brain-gut microbiota-hair follicle" axis, -which suggests that modulation of the microbiome via probiotics can have positive effects on hair follicles. This review also explores how preclinical research on hair follicles can propel novel and clinically untapped applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
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170
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Ranjbar FE, Ranjbar AE, Malekshahi ZV, Taghdiri-Nooshabadi Z, Faradonbeh DR, Youseflee P, Ghasemi S, Vatanparast M, Azim F, Nooshabadi VT. Bone tissue regeneration by 58S bioactive glass scaffolds containing exosome: an in vivo study. Cell Tissue Bank 2024; 25:389-400. [PMID: 38159136 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-023-10120-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, the naturally secreted nanocarriers of cells, have recently been demonstrated to have therapeutic benefits in a variety of disease models where parent cells are not present. However, the use of exosomes in bone defect regeneration has been unusual, and little is documented about the underlying processes. In recent study we produced and characterized exosomes derived human endometrial mesenchymal stem stromal cells and 58S bioactive glass scaffolds; in following, in this research exosome loaded scaffolds synthetized and release of exosome, porosity and bioactivity of them were assessed. More over the effect of scaffolds on repair of critical-size bone defects in rat's calvaria was evaluated by histological examination and micro computed tomography (µ CT). The findings confirmed that constructed porous scaffolds consistently release exosomes; additionally, in vivo findings including Hematoxilin & Eosin staining, Immunohistochemistry, Masson's trichrome, histomorphometric analysis, and µ CT clarified that our implant has osteogenic properties. We discovered that Exo-treated scaffolds might promote osteogenesis especially compared to pure scaffolds, indicating that produced scaffolds containing exosomes could be a potential replacement in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Esmaeili Ranjbar
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Esmaeili Ranjbar
- Emergency Department, Ali Ebn Abitaleb Hospital, Faculty of medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ziba Veisi Malekshahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Davood Rabiei Faradonbeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouya Youseflee
- Medical student, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sahar Ghasemi
- Medical student, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Vatanparast
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Fazli Azim
- Isolation Hospital & Infections Treatment Center (IHITC), MNHSR&C, Islamabad, Pakistan
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171
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Kendir G, Özek G, Köroğlu A, Özek T. The quality evaluation of the laurel leaf samples sold in the market under the name of "Defne Yaprağı". PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:303-316. [PMID: 37816984 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01897-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Laurus nobilis L. is an aromatic shrub or tree, Mediterranean element. The leaves are employed as a spice and for medicinal purposes. It is known by various names in Turkey, such as "defne, har and tehnel." In this study, 15 different laurel leaf samples were purchased from 6 different cities in Turkey, diagnosed, and evaluated in terms of quality. The conditions of use and sale of these samples were evaluated. The essential oils obtained from the leaf samples were analyzed, and their physical properties such as density, refractive index, and optical rotation were determined. In the chemical composition of the oils, 1,8-cineole (41.2-64.4%), sabinene (1.5-15.9%), and α-terpinyl acetate (1.5-15%) have been found to be the major components. However, in one station, the presence of 1,8-cineole was not be determined. Laurel leaf drugs offered for sale in some provinces of Turkey were purchased from the market and their morphological characteristics and essential oil profiles were examined and evaluated in terms of public health. It was determined that these samples should be standardized and quality-controlled before being released to the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülsen Kendir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Türkiye.
| | - Gülmira Özek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Ayşegül Köroğlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Tandoğan, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Temel Özek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
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172
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Tilotta V, Vadalà G, Ambrosio L, Di Giacomo G, Cicione C, Russo F, Darinskas A, Papalia R, Denaro V. Wharton's Jelly mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles promote nucleus pulposus cell anabolism in an in vitro 3D alginate-bead culture model. JOR Spine 2024; 7:e1274. [PMID: 38222813 PMCID: PMC10782051 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Intradiscal transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has emerged as a promising therapy for intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, the hostile microenvironment of the intervertebral disc (IVD) may compromise the survival of implanted cells. Interestingly, studies reported that paracrine factors, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by MSCs, may regenerate the IVD. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of Wharton's Jelly MSC (WJ-MSC)-derived EVs on human nucleus pulposus cells (hNPCs) using an in vitro 3D alginate-bead culture model. Methods After EV isolation and characterization, hNPCs isolated from surgical specimens were encapsulated in alginate beads and treated with 10, 50, and 100 μg/mL WJ-MSC-EVs. Cell proliferation and viability were assessed by flow cytometry and live/dead staining. Nitrite and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content was evaluated through Griess and 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue assays. hNPCs in alginate beads were paraffin-embedded and stained for histological analysis (hematoxylin-eosin and Alcian blue) to assess extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. Gene expression levels of catabolic (MMP1, MMP13, ADAMTS5, IL6, NOS2), anabolic (ACAN), and hNPC marker (SOX9, KRT19) genes were analyzed through qPCR. Collagen type I and type II content was assessed with Western blot analysis. Results Treatment with WJ-MSC-EVs resulted in an increase in cell content and a decrease in cell death in degenerated hNPCs. Nitrite production was drastically reduced by EV treatment compared to the control. Furthermore, proteoglycan content was enhanced and confirmed by Alcian blue histological staining. EV stimulation attenuated ECM degradation and inflammation by suppressing catabolic and inflammatory gene expression levels. Additionally, NPC phenotypic marker genes were also maintained by the EV treatment. Conclusions WJ-MSC-derived EVs ameliorated hNPC growth and viability, and attenuated ECM degradation and oxidative stress, offering new opportunities for IVD regeneration as an attractive alternative strategy to cell therapy, which may be jeopardized by the harsh microenvironment of the IVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Tilotta
- Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversità Campus Bio‐Medico di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Gianluca Vadalà
- Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversità Campus Bio‐Medico di RomaRomeItaly
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma SurgeryFondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio‐MedicoRomeItaly
| | - Luca Ambrosio
- Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversità Campus Bio‐Medico di RomaRomeItaly
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma SurgeryFondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio‐MedicoRomeItaly
| | - Giuseppina Di Giacomo
- Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversità Campus Bio‐Medico di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Claudia Cicione
- Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversità Campus Bio‐Medico di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Fabrizio Russo
- Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversità Campus Bio‐Medico di RomaRomeItaly
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma SurgeryFondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio‐MedicoRomeItaly
| | - Adas Darinskas
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Cancer InstituteVilniusLithuania
- JSC Innovita Research, Tissue BankVilniusLithuania
| | - Rocco Papalia
- Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversità Campus Bio‐Medico di RomaRomeItaly
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma SurgeryFondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio‐MedicoRomeItaly
| | - Vincenzo Denaro
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma SurgeryFondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio‐MedicoRomeItaly
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Grutter G, Bianculli AG, Azeka E, Giustiniani P, Iodice FG, Amodeo A, Andreani M. Role of HLA in cardiothoracic transplantation. HLA 2024; 103:e15428. [PMID: 38450875 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
In current clinical practice, transplant clinicians create collaborative working relationships with histocompatibility laboratory scientists to identify the risk of long-term graft failure, which may assist in establishing strategies for treatment and surveillance. Transplant immunology research also focuses on optimizing human leukocyte antibody tissue typing and defines the most effective test for detecting the presence of donor-specific antibodies. Although several studies have been conducted, data on pediatric heart transplant recipients are limited. Epitope load information may be utilized to identify donors with permissible human leukocyte antibody mismatches to increase transplant success. Although current guidelines do not consider human leukocyte antibody epitope-based matching tools, these guidelines could be useful for identifying recipients at a high risk of donor-specific antibody production, which would be appropriate for routine donor-specific antibody screening to initiate early interventions to prevent antibody-mediated rejection. Human leukocyte antibody matching at the epitope level offers an effective approach for identifying acceptable mismatches in sensitized patients and provides information about epitope loads. In the future, eplet matching may be used to define the best immunosuppressive therapy protocol for cardiothoracic organ transplantation. This report provides an overview of the role of human leukocyte antibodies in heart and lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Grutter
- Heart Failure, Transplantation, Cardiorespiratory Mechanical Assistance Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Estela Azeka
- Unidade de Cardiologia Pediatrica e Cardiopatia Congenitas do Adulto, Departamento de Cardiologia, Instituto do Coração (InCor) Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paola Giustiniani
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunogenetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Giovanna Iodice
- Department of Paediatric Cardiac Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Amodeo
- Heart Failure, Transplantation, Cardiorespiratory Mechanical Assistance Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Andreani
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunogenetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Saad AJ, Patil MK, Cruz N, Lam CS, O'Brien C, Nambudiri VE. VEXAS syndrome: A review of cutaneous findings and treatments in an emerging autoinflammatory disease. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15050. [PMID: 38469984 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory and somatic mutation) syndrome is a novel autoinflammatory, late-onset, disorder first identified in 2020. It is caused by mutations in the UBA1 gene. The most prominent clinical features reported by VEXAS patients are cutaneous and haematological, having characteristic skin features reported as the initial presenting findings of the disease. VEXAS is a severe and treatment-resistant condition with high morbidity and mortality rates. Here, we examine all case reports and case series of VEXAS syndrome through March 2023 focusing on those presenting cutaneous manifestations. We discuss these manifestations and their reported treatment strategies. In many cases, it might be first suspected and diagnosed by dermatologists, highlighting their vital role in initiating timely multidisciplinary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis J Saad
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Transplant Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mihir K Patil
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Nicolas Cruz
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chloe S Lam
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Connor O'Brien
- Transplant Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vinod E Nambudiri
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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175
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Li X, Zhao W, Zhou D, Li P, Zhao C, Zhou Q, Wang Y. Construction of Integral Decellularized Cartilage Using a Novel Hydrostatic Pressure Bioreactor. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2024; 30:113-129. [PMID: 38183634 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2023.0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) of cartilage is a widely used natural bioscaffold for constructing tissue-engineered cartilage due to its good biocompatibility and regeneration properties. However, current decellularization methods for accessing decellularized cartilaginous tissues require multiple steps and a relatively long duration to produce decellularized cartilage. In addition, most decellularization strategies lead to damage of the microstructure and loss of functional components of the cartilaginous matrix. In this study, a novel decellularization strategy based on a hydrostatic pressure (HP) bioreactor was introduced, which aimed to improve the efficiency of producing integral decellularized cartilage pieces by combining physical and chemical decellularization methods in a perfusing manner. Two types of cartilaginous tissues, auricular cartilage (AC) and nucleus pulposus (NP) fibrocartilage, were selected for comparison of the effects of ordinary, positive, and negative HP-based decellularization according to the cell clearance ratio, microstructural changes, ECM components, and mechanical properties. The results indicated that applying positive HP improved the efficiency of producing decellularized AC, but no significant differences in decellularization efficiency were found between the ordinary and negative HP-treated groups. However, compared with the ordinary HP treatment, the application of the positive or negative HP did not affect the efficiency of decellularized NP productions. Moreover, neither positive nor negative HP influenced the preservation of the microstructure and components of the AC matrix. However, applying negative HP disarranged the fibril distribution of the NP matrix and reduced glycosaminoglycans and collagen type II contents, two essential ECM components. In addition, the positive HP was beneficial for maintaining the mechanical properties of decellularized cartilage. The recellularization experiments also verified the good biocompatibility of the decellularized cartilage produced by the present bioreactor-based decellularization method under positive HP. Overall, applying positive HP-based decellularization resulted in a superior effect on the production of close-to-natural scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. Impact statement In this study, we successfully constructed a novel hydrostatic pressure (HP) bioreactor and used this equipment to produce decellularized cartilage by combining physical and chemical decellularization methods in a perfusing manner. We found that positive HP-based decellularization could improve the production efficiency of integral decellularized cartilage pieces and promote the maintenance of matrix components and mechanical properties. This new decellularization strategy exhibited a superior effect in the production of close-to-natural scaffolds and positively impacts cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Tissue Repairing and Biotechnology Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weikang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiulongpo People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Tissue Repairing and Biotechnology Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Tissue Repairing and Biotechnology Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Sales C, Anderson MA, Kuznetsova V, Rosenfeld H, Malpas CB, Roos I, Dickinson M, Harrison S, Kalincik T. Patterns of neurotoxicity among patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: A single-centre cohort study. Eur J Neurol 2024; 31:e16174. [PMID: 38085272 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) is an important complication of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy. This study aims to identify the patterns of neurotoxicity among patients with ICANS at a tertiary referral centre in Australia. METHODOLOGY This single-centre, prospective cohort study included all consecutively recruited patients who underwent CAR-T therapy for eligible haematological malignancies. All patients underwent a comprehensive neurological assessment and cognitive screening before CAR-T infusion, during the development of ICANS, and 1 month after treatment. Baseline demographic characteristics, incidence, and neurological patterns of neurotoxicity management were evaluated. RESULTS Over a 19-month period, 23% (12) of the 53 eligible patients developed neurotoxicity (10/12 [83%] being grade 1). All patients showed changes in handwriting and tremor as their initial presentation. Changes in cognition were manifested in most of the patients, with a more substantial drop noted in their Montreal Cognitive Assessment compared to immune effector cell-associated encephalopathy scores. All manifestations of neurotoxicity were short-lived and resolved within a 1-month period, with a mean duration of 8.2 days (range = 1-33). CONCLUSIONS The patterns of CAR-T-related neurotoxicity often include change in handwriting, tremor, and mild confusional state, especially early in their evolution. These may remain undetected by routine neurological surveillance. These features represent accessible clinical markers of incipient ICANS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Sales
- Neuroimmunology Centre, Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mary Ann Anderson
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Blood Cells and Blood Cancer, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Valeriya Kuznetsova
- Neuroimmunology Centre, Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Clinical Outcomes Research (CORe), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hannah Rosenfeld
- Neuroimmunology Centre, Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charles B Malpas
- Neuroimmunology Centre, Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Clinical Outcomes Research (CORe), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Izanne Roos
- Neuroimmunology Centre, Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Clinical Outcomes Research (CORe), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Dickinson
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon Harrison
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tomas Kalincik
- Neuroimmunology Centre, Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Clinical Outcomes Research (CORe), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Noor Azlan NAB, Vitus V, Nor Rashid N, Nordin F, Tye GJ, Wan Kamarul Zaman WS. Human mesenchymal stem cell secretomes: Factors affecting profiling and challenges in clinical application. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 395:227-250. [PMID: 38244032 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The promising field of regenerative medicine is thrilling as it can repair and restore organs for various debilitating diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells are one of the main components in regenerative medicine that work through the release of secretomes. By adopting the use of the secretome in cell-free-based therapy, we may be able to address the challenges faced in cell-based therapy. As one of the components of cell-free-based therapy, secretome has the advantage of a better safety and efficacy profile than mesenchymal stem cells. However, secretome has its challenges that need to be addressed, such as its bioprocessing methods that may impact the secretome content and its mechanisms of action in clinical settings. Effective and standardization of bioprocessing protocols are important to ensure the supply and sustainability of secretomes for clinical applications. This may eventually impact its commercialization and marketability. In this review, the bioprocessing methods and their impacts on the secretome profile and treatment are discussed. This improves understanding of its fundamental aspects leading to potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vieralynda Vitus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurshamimi Nor Rashid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fazlina Nordin
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gee Jun Tye
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Wan Safwani Wan Kamarul Zaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Chen J, Dai P, Ke W, Wan X, Liu J, Xu L, Xiao H, Li Y, Liu L. Decreased circulating dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity after short-term intensive insulin therapy predicts clinical outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1352002. [PMID: 38476668 PMCID: PMC10929261 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1352002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the changes in circulating dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) activity following short-term intensive insulin therapy (SIIT) in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients and to assess its potential in predicting long-term remission. Methods Ninety-five patients underwent SIIT for 2-3 weeks to attain and sustain near-normal glycemia. Insulin was then discontinued, and patients were followed for a year to evaluate glycemic outcomes. Biochemical tests, serum DPP-4 activity, and mixed meal tolerance tests were conducted at baseline, post-SIIT, and the 3-month follow-up. Results DPP-4 activity decreased from 44.08 ± 9.58 to 40.53 ± 8.83 nmol/min/mL after SIIT (P<0.001). After three months post-SIIT, DPP-4 activity remained stable in the remission group (39.63 ± 8.53 nmol/L) but increased in the non-remission group (42.34 ± 6.64 nmol/L). This resulted in a more pronounced decrease in DPP-4 activity from baseline in the remission group (-3.39 ± 8.90 vs. -1.10 ± 8.95, P = 0.035). Logistic regression analyses showed that patients with greater DPP-4 activity reduction had a higher likelihood of 1-year remission (70% vs. 51.1%, OR: 7.939 [1.829, 34.467], P = 0.006 in the fully adjusted model). A non-linear relationship between △DPP-4 and 1-year remission rate was observed, with a clear threshold and saturation effect. Conclusion Circulating DPP-4 activity significantly decreases after SIIT. The change in circulating DPP-4 activity during the 3-month post-treatment phase has the potential to predict long-term remission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanbing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liehua Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Martin SS, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Anderson CAM, Arora P, Avery CL, Baker-Smith CM, Barone Gibbs B, Beaton AZ, Boehme AK, Commodore-Mensah Y, Currie ME, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Generoso G, Heard DG, Hiremath S, Johansen MC, Kalani R, Kazi DS, Ko D, Liu J, Magnani JW, Michos ED, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Parikh NI, Perman SM, Poudel R, Rezk-Hanna M, Roth GA, Shah NS, St-Onge MP, Thacker EL, Tsao CW, Urbut SM, Van Spall HGC, Voeks JH, Wang NY, Wong ND, Wong SS, Yaffe K, Palaniappan LP. 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2024; 149:e347-e913. [PMID: 38264914 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, nutrition, sleep, and obesity) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, glucose control, and metabolic syndrome) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The AHA Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, brain health, complications of pregnancy, kidney disease, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, sudden cardiac arrest, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, valvular disease, venous thromboembolism, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The AHA, through its Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States and globally to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update with review of published literature through the year before writing. The 2024 AHA Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort in 2023 by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and AHA staff members. The AHA strives to further understand and help heal health problems inflicted by structural racism, a public health crisis that can significantly damage physical and mental health and perpetuate disparities in access to health care, education, income, housing, and several other factors vital to healthy lives. This year's edition includes additional global data, as well as data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with an enhanced focus on health equity across several key domains. RESULTS Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
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Hirakawa Y, Kitao A, Watanabe M, Matsumoto S, Komaki R, Sakai R, Morimoto K, Yakushijin K, Minami H. Irreversible Intrathecal Chemotherapy-induced Myelopathy in a Patient with Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. Intern Med 2024; 63:547-551. [PMID: 37380452 PMCID: PMC10937126 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2031-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrathecal chemotherapy is often administered for prophylaxis and treatment of central nervous system involvement in hematological malignancies. However, it may rarely cause neurotoxicity as a side effect. We herein report a 74-year-old woman with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma including a spinal lesion. She received systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy. After five doses of intrathecal chemotherapy, she developed intrathecal chemotherapy-induced myelopathy. Intrathecal treatment was discontinued, and she was administered vitamin B12 and folic acid, along with steroid pulses. However, her symptoms did not improve. Intrathecal chemotherapy-induced myelopathy is rare, but may be irreversible; therefore, clinicians should be aware of this potential complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Hirakawa
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Akihito Kitao
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Marika Watanabe
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Sakuya Matsumoto
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ryohei Komaki
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Rina Sakai
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kohei Morimoto
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kimikazu Yakushijin
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hironobu Minami
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Japan
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181
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Lan HR, Chen M, Yao SY, Chen JX, Jin KT. Novel immunotherapies for breast cancer: Focus on 2023 findings. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111549. [PMID: 38266449 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a revolutionary approach in cancer therapy, and recent advancements hold significant promise for breast cancer (BCa) management. Employing the patient's immune system to combat BCa has become a focal point in immunotherapeutic investigations. Strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), adoptive cell transfer (ACT), and targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) have disclosed encouraging clinical outcomes. ICIs, particularly programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 inhibitors, exhibit efficacy in specific BCa subtypes, including triple-negative BCa (TNBC) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive cancers. ACT approaches, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, showed promising clinical outcomes in enhancing tumor recognition and elimination. Targeting the TME through immune agonists and oncolytic viruses signifies a burgeoning field of research. While challenges persist in patient selection, resistance mechanisms, and combination therapy optimization, these novel immunotherapies hold transformative potential for BCa treatment. Continued research and clinical trials are imperative to refine and implement these innovative approaches, paving the way for improved outcomes and revolutionizing the management of BCa. This review provides a concise overview of the latest immunotherapies (2023 studies) in BCa, highlighting their potential and current status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Rong Lan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Shi-Ya Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Jun-Xia Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China.
| | - Ke-Tao Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
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182
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Stampoultzis T, Rana VK, Guo Y, Pioletti DP. Impact of Molecular Dynamics of Polyrotaxanes on Chondrocytes in Double-Network Supramolecular Hydrogels under Physiological Thermomechanical Stimulation. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1144-1152. [PMID: 38166194 PMCID: PMC10865359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Hyaline cartilage, a soft tissue enriched with a dynamic extracellular matrix, manifests as a supramolecular system within load-bearing joints. At the same time, the challenge of cartilage repair through tissue engineering lies in replicating intricate cellular-matrix interactions. This study attempts to investigate chondrocyte responses within double-network supramolecular hybrid hydrogels tailored to mimic the dynamic molecular nature of hyaline cartilage. To this end, we infused noncovalent host-guest polyrotaxanes, by blending α-cyclodextrins as host molecules and polyethylene glycol as guests, into a gelatin-based covalent matrix, thereby enhancing its dynamic characteristics. Subsequently, chondrocytes were seeded into these hydrogels to systematically probe the effects of two concentrations of the introduced polyrotaxanes (instilling different levels of supramolecular dynamism in the hydrogel systems) on the cellular responsiveness. Our findings unveiled an augmented level of cellular mechanosensitivity for supramolecular hydrogels compared to pure covalent-based systems. This is demonstrated by an increased mRNA expression of ion channels (TREK1, TRPV4, and PIEZO1), signaling molecules (SOX9) and matrix-remodeling enzymes (LOXL2). Such outcomes were further elevated upon external application of biomimetic thermomechanical loading, which brought a stark increase in the accumulation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and collagen. Overall, we found that matrix adaptability plays a pivotal role in modulating chondrocyte responses within double-network supramolecular hydrogels. These findings hold the potential for advancing cartilage engineering within load-bearing joints.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dominique P. Pioletti
- Laboratory of Biomechanical
Orthopedics, Institute of Bioengineering,
EPFL, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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183
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Sun T, Zhou C, Lu F, Dong Z, Gao J, Li B. Adipose-derived stem cells in immune-related skin disease: a review of current research and underlying mechanisms. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:37. [PMID: 38331803 PMCID: PMC10854049 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03561-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are a critical adult stem cell subpopulation and are widely utilized in the fields of regenerative medicine and stem cell research due to their abundance, ease of harvest, and low immunogenicity. ASCs, which are homologous with skin by nature, can treat immune-related skin diseases by promoting skin regeneration and conferring immunosuppressive effects, with the latter being the most important therapeutic mechanism. ASCs regulate the immune response by direct cell-cell communication with immune cells, such as T cells, macrophages, and B cells. In addition to cell-cell interactions, ASCs modulate the immune response indirectly by secreting cytokines, interleukins, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles. The immunomodulatory effects of ASCs have been exploited to treat many immune-related skin diseases with good therapeutic outcomes. This article reviews the mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory effects of ASCs, as well as progress in research on immune-related skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Sun
- The Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- The Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Lu
- The Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziqing Dong
- The Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianhua Gao
- The Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bin Li
- The Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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184
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Jiang X, Zeng YE, Li C, Wang K, Yu DG. Enhancing diabetic wound healing: advances in electrospun scaffolds from pathogenesis to therapeutic applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1354286. [PMID: 38375451 PMCID: PMC10875055 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1354286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic wounds are a significant subset of chronic wounds characterized by elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). They are also associated with impaired angiogenesis, persistent infection, and a high likelihood of hospitalization, leading to a substantial economic burden for patients. In severe cases, amputation or even mortality may occur. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a common complication of diabetes, with up to 25% of diabetic patients being at risk of developing foot ulcers over their lifetime, and more than 70% ultimately requiring amputation. Electrospun scaffolds exhibit a structural similarity to the extracellular matrix (ECM), promoting the adhesion, growth, and migration of fibroblasts, thereby facilitating the formation of new skin tissue at the wound site. The composition and size of electrospun scaffolds can be easily adjusted, enabling controlled drug release through fiber structure modifications. The porous nature of these scaffolds facilitates gas exchange and the absorption of wound exudate. Furthermore, the fiber surface can be readily modified to impart specific functionalities, making electrospinning nanofiber scaffolds highly promising for the treatment of diabetic wounds. This article provides a concise overview of the healing process in normal wounds and the pathological mechanisms underlying diabetic wounds, including complications such as diabetic foot ulcers. It also explores the advantages of electrospinning nanofiber scaffolds in diabetic wound treatment. Additionally, it summarizes findings from various studies on the use of different types of nanofiber scaffolds for diabetic wounds and reviews methods of drug loading onto nanofiber scaffolds. These advancements broaden the horizon for effectively treating diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Jiang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-E Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaofei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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185
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Kolahi Azar H, Imanpour A, Rezaee H, Ezzatifar F, Zarei-Behjani Z, Rostami M, Azami M, Behestizadeh N, Rezaei N. Mesenchymal stromal cells and CAR-T cells in regenerative medicine: The homing procedure and their effective parameters. Eur J Haematol 2024; 112:153-173. [PMID: 37254607 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.14014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells are two core elements in cell therapy procedures. MSCs have significant immunomodulatory effects that alleviate inflammation in the tissue regeneration process, while administration of specific chemokines and adhesive molecules would primarily facilitate CAR-T cell trafficking into solid tumors. Multiple parameters affect cell homing, including the recipient's age, the number of cell passages, proper cell culture, and the delivery method. In addition, several chemokines are involved in the tumor microenvironment, affecting the homing procedure. This review discusses parameters that improve the efficiency of cell homing and significant cell therapy challenges. Emerging comprehensive mechanistic strategies such as non-systemic and systemic homing that revealed a significant role in cell therapy remodeling were also reviewed. Finally, the primary implications for the development of combination therapies that incorporate both MSCs and CAR-T cells for cancer treatment were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Kolahi Azar
- Department of Pathology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Aylar Imanpour
- Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Rezaee
- Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ezzatifar
- Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zeinab Zarei-Behjani
- Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Advanced School of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Rostami
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Food Science and Nutrition Group (FSAN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Azami
- Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Behestizadeh
- Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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186
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Peng Z, Chen J, Liu Y, Li D, Li Y, Zhang Q, Chen C, Zhang Y, Yao J, Wang S, Lin Q, Ruan Y. Optical biosensor based on weak measurement for ultra-sensitive detection of calreticulin in human serum. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:715-724. [PMID: 38404297 PMCID: PMC10890857 DOI: 10.1364/boe.514443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
A novel real-time optical phase sensing method based on the Mach-Zehnder interference principle has been proposed for the detection of calreticulin (CRT) levels in human serum samples. In this approach, anti-CRT antibodies are utilized to capture CRT molecules in serum, leading to a phase shift in both the measuring and reference arms of the system. By employing the concept of weak amplification within the framework of weak measurements, it becomes feasible to continuously monitor the response of CRT in real-time, allowing for the precise determination of serum CRT content at the picomolar level. Our achievement may pave the way in establishing CRT as a diagnostic biomarker for a wide range of medical applications, including rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province, Center for Optics & Optoelectronics Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Information Technology in Biological and Medical Physics, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province, Center for Optics & Optoelectronics Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Information Technology in Biological and Medical Physics, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province, Center for Optics & Optoelectronics Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Information Technology in Biological and Medical Physics, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province, Center for Optics & Optoelectronics Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Information Technology in Biological and Medical Physics, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yixiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province, Center for Optics & Optoelectronics Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Information Technology in Biological and Medical Physics, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Qihao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province, Center for Optics & Optoelectronics Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Information Technology in Biological and Medical Physics, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Chaoyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province, Center for Optics & Optoelectronics Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Information Technology in Biological and Medical Physics, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Jia Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Shuqian Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province, Center for Optics & Optoelectronics Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Information Technology in Biological and Medical Physics, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yi Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province, Center for Optics & Optoelectronics Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Information Technology in Biological and Medical Physics, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
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187
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Fouillet L, Daguenet E, Tavernier E, Ghesquières H, Bachy E, Sesques P, Tournilhac O, Bay JO, Michallet AS, Sapet M, Chalayer E, Guyotat D, Tinquaut F, Cornillon J. Retrospective multicenter comparative study of the efficacy and safety between R-DHAC and R-DHAOx in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or transformed follicular or marginal zone B lymphoma into aggressive lymphoma, as a second-line treatment. Leuk Lymphoma 2024; 65:270-274. [PMID: 37966973 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2281270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Fouillet
- Institut de Cancérologie et d'Hématologie du CHU de Saint-Etienne (ICHUSE), CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Elisabeth Daguenet
- Institut de Cancérologie et d'Hématologie du CHU de Saint-Etienne (ICHUSE), CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Emmanuelle Tavernier
- Institut de Cancérologie et d'Hématologie du CHU de Saint-Etienne (ICHUSE), CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Hervé Ghesquières
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuel Bachy
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Sesques
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Tournilhac
- Service de thérapie cellulaire et d'hématologie clinique adulte, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jacques-Olivier Bay
- Service de thérapie cellulaire et d'hématologie clinique adulte, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Manon Sapet
- Institut de Cancérologie et d'Hématologie du CHU de Saint-Etienne (ICHUSE), CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Emilie Chalayer
- Institut de Cancérologie et d'Hématologie du CHU de Saint-Etienne (ICHUSE), CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Denis Guyotat
- Institut de Cancérologie et d'Hématologie du CHU de Saint-Etienne (ICHUSE), CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Fabien Tinquaut
- Institut de Cancérologie et d'Hématologie du CHU de Saint-Etienne (ICHUSE), CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Jérôme Cornillon
- Institut de Cancérologie et d'Hématologie du CHU de Saint-Etienne (ICHUSE), CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
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188
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Wang P, Wang X, Qian H, Liu J, Liu G, Wang R, Liu R. Microarchitecture Alternations of Osteochondral Junction in Patients with Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. Calcif Tissue Int 2024; 114:119-128. [PMID: 38036697 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-023-01153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The study was aimed to investigate microarchitecture of osteochondral junction in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). We hypothesis that there were microarchitecture alternations in osteochondral junction and regional differences between the necrotic region (NR) and adjacent non-necrotic region(ANR) in patients with ONFH. Femoral heads with ONFH or femoral neck fracture were included in ONFH group (n = 11) and control group (n = 11). Cylindrical specimens were drilled on the NR/ANR of femoral heads in ONFH group and matched positions in control group (CO.NR/ CO.ANR). Histology, micro-CT, and scanning electron microscope were used to investigate microarchitecture of osteochondral junction. Layered analysis of subchondral bone plate was underwent. Mankin scores on NR were higher than that on ANR or CO.NR, respectively (P < 0.001, P < 0.001). Calcified cartilage zone on the NR and ANR was thinner than that on the CO.NR and CO.ANR, respectively (P = 0.002, P = 0.002). Tidemark roughness on the NR was larger than that on the ANR (P = 0.002). Subchondral bone plate of NR and ANR was thicker than that on the CON.NR and CON.ANR, respectively (P = 0.002, P = 0.009). Bone volume fraction of subchondral bone plate on the NR was significantly decreasing compared to ANR and CON.NR, respectively (P = 0.015, P = 0.002). Subchondral bone plate on the NR had larger area percentages and more numbers of micropores than ANR and CON.NR (P = 0.002/0.002, P = 0.002/0.002). Layered analysis showed that bone mass loss and hypomineralization were mainly on the cartilage side of subchondral bone plate in ONFH. There were microarchitecture alternations of osteochondral junction in ONFH, including thinned calcified cartilage zone, thickened subchondral bone plate, decreased bone mass, altered micropores, and hypomineralization of subchondral bone plate. Regional differences in microarchitecture of osteochondral junction were found between necrotic regions and adjacent non-necrotic regions. Subchondral bone plate in ONFH had uneven distribution of bone volume fraction and bone mineral density, which might aggravate cartilage degeneration by affecting the transmission of mechanical stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hang Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Daxing Hospital, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Ruisong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Fifth Hospital, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Ruiyu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
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189
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Simovic I, Hilmi I, Ng RT, Chew KS, Wong SY, Lee WS, Riordan S, Castaño-Rodríguez N. ATG16L1 rs2241880/T300A increases susceptibility to perianal Crohn's disease: An updated meta-analysis on inflammatory bowel disease risk and clinical outcomes. United European Gastroenterol J 2024; 12:103-121. [PMID: 37837511 PMCID: PMC10859713 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ATG16L1 plays a fundamental role in the degradative intracellular pathway known as autophagy, being a mediator of inflammation and microbial homeostasis. The variant rs2241880 can diminish these capabilities, potentially contributing to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis. OBJECTIVES To perform an updated meta-analysis on the association between ATG16L1 rs2241880 and IBD susceptibility by exploring the impact of age, ethnicity, and geography. Moreover, to investigate the association between rs2241880 and clinical features. METHODS Literature searches up until September 2022 across 7 electronic public databases were performed for all case-control studies on ATG16L1 rs2241880 and IBD. Pooled odds ratios (ORP ) and 95% CI were calculated under the random effects model. RESULTS Our analyses included a total of 30,606 IBD patients, comprising 21,270 Crohn's disease (CD) and 9336 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, and 33,329 controls. ATG16L1 rs2241880 was significantly associated with CD susceptibility, where the A allele was protective (ORP : 0.74, 95% CI: 0.72-0.77, p-value: <0.001), while the G allele was a risk factor (ORP : 1.23, 95% CI: 1.09-1.39, p-value: 0.001), depending on the minor allele frequencies observed in this multi-ancestry study sample. rs2241880 was predominantly relevant in Caucasians from North America and Europe, and in Latin American populations. Importantly, CD patients harbouring the G allele were significantly more predisposed to perianal disease (ORP : 1.21, 95% CI: 1.07-1.38, p-value: 0.003). CONCLUSIONS ATG16L1 rs2241880 (G allele) is a consistent risk factor for IBD in Caucasian cohorts and influences clinical outcomes. As its role in non-Caucasian populations remains ambiguous, further studies in under-reported populations are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidora Simovic
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ida Hilmi
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ruey Terng Ng
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kee Seang Chew
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shin Yee Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Way Seah Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Stephen Riordan
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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López-Fernández A, Garcia-Gragera V, Lecina M, Vives J. Identification of critical process parameters for expansion of clinical grade human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in stirred-tank bioreactors. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300381. [PMID: 38403461 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Cell therapies based on multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are traditionally produced using 2D culture systems and platelet lysate- or serum-containing media (SCM). Although cost-effective for single-dose autologous treatments, this approach is not suitable for larger scale manufacturing (e.g., multiple-dose autologous or allogeneic therapies with banked MSCs); automated, scalable and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)-compliant platforms are urgently needed. The feasibility of transitioning was evaluated from an established Wharton's jelly MSCs (WJ-MSCs) 2D production strategy to a new one with stirred-tank bioreactors (STRs). Experimental conditions included four GMP-compliant xeno- and serum-free media (XSFM) screened in 2D conditions and two GMP-grade microcarriers assessed in 0.25 L-STRs using SCM. From the screening, a XSFM was selected and compared against SCM using the best-performing microcarrier. It was observed that SCM outperformed the 2D-selected medium in STRs, reinforcing the importance of 2D-to-3D transition studies before translation into clinical production settings. It was also found that attachment efficiency and microcarrier colonization were essential to attain higher fold expansions, and were therefore defined as critical process parameters. Nevertheless, WJ-MSCs were readily expanded in STRs with both media, preserving critical quality attributes in terms of identity, viability and differentiation potency, and yielding up to 1.47 × 109 cells in a real-scale 2.4-L batch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba López-Fernández
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Garcia-Gragera
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
- Engineering Materials Group (GEMAT), Bioprocessing Lab, IQS School of Engineering, Universitat Ramón Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martí Lecina
- Engineering Materials Group (GEMAT), Bioprocessing Lab, IQS School of Engineering, Universitat Ramón Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
- Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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191
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Wintjes N, Krämer K, Kolve H, Mohring D, Schaumburg F, Rossig C, Burkhardt B, Groll AH. Stopping antibacterial prophylaxis in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: An internal audit. Transpl Infect Dis 2024; 26:e14211. [PMID: 38054588 DOI: 10.1111/tid.14211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibacterial prophylaxis in children and adolescents undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is controversial and not recommended by international guidelines. We analyzed relevant posttransplant outcomes following discontinuation of antibacterial prophylaxis at a major European pediatric transplant center. METHODS The single-center retrospective audit included all pediatric allogeneic HCT patients (pts) transplanted between 2011 and 2020 before (≤2014) and after (≥2015) stopping routine antibacterial prophylaxis with penicillin, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin upon start of the conditioning regimen. The primary endpoint was overall survival until the first hospital discharge. Secondary endpoints included the occurrence of fever; bacterial infections; and cumulative days with antibacterial agents until discharge. RESULTS A total of 257 HCT procedures were performed in 249 pts (median age: 10 years, range, 0.2-22.5) for leukemia/lymphoma (n = 150) and nonmalignant disorders (n = 107). Of these, 104 procedures were performed before (cohort 1) and 153 after (cohort 2) stopping prophylaxis. Overall survival until discharge was 90.4% in cohort 1 and 96.1% in cohort 2 (p = .06). No differences were observed in the occurrence of fever (92.3 vs. 94.1%; p = .57) and bacterial infections (34.6 vs. 25.5%; p = .11). The median number of days on antibacterial agents was significantly lower in cohort 2 (39 vs. 34; p = .002). Detection rates of resistant organisms were overall low. CONCLUSION In this single-center audit, the stop of routine antibacterial prophylaxis had no effect on the occurrence of fever, bacterial infections, resistant organisms, and GVHD. Overall antibiotic use was significantly reduced, and survival was noninferior to the historical control cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Wintjes
- Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation and Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katja Krämer
- Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation and Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hedwig Kolve
- Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation and Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Daniela Mohring
- Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation and Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Frieder Schaumburg
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Claudia Rossig
- Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation and Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Birgit Burkhardt
- Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation and Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas H Groll
- Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation and Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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Li F, Wang B, Li H, Kong L, Zhu B. G6PD and machine learning algorithms as prognostic and diagnostic indicators of liver hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:157. [PMID: 38297250 PMCID: PMC10829225 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11887-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver Hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) exhibits a high incidence of liver cancer with escalating mortality rates over time. Despite this, the underlying pathogenic mechanism of LIHC remains poorly understood. MATERIALS & METHODS To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive investigation into the role of G6PD in LIHC using a combination of bioinformatics analysis with database data and rigorous cell experiments. LIHC samples were obtained from TCGA, ICGC and GEO databases, and the differences in G6PD expression in different tissues were investigated by differential expression analysis, followed by the establishment of Nomogram to determine the percentage of G6PD in causing LIHC by examining the relationship between G6PD and clinical features, and the subsequent validation of the effect of G6PD on the activity, migration, and invasive ability of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by using the low expression of LI-7 and SNU-449. Additionally, we employed machine learning to validate and compare the predictive capacity of four algorithms for LIHC patient prognosis. RESULTS Our findings revealed significantly elevated G6PD expression levels in liver cancer tissues as compared to normal tissues. Meanwhile, Nomogram and Adaboost, Catboost, and Gbdt Regression analyses showed that G6PD accounted for 46%, 31%, and 49% of the multiple factors leading to LIHC. Furthermore, we observed that G6PD knockdown in hepatocellular carcinoma cells led to reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. Remarkably, the Decision Tree C5.0 decision tree algorithm demonstrated superior discriminatory performance among the machine learning methods assessed. CONCLUSION The potential diagnostic utility of G6PD and Decision Tree C5.0 for LIHC opens up a novel avenue for early detection and improved treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Boshen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Preventive Medical Association, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China.
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211112, China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Public Health Emergency, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China.
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193
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Guo Z, Yu Q, Huang W, Huang F, Chen X, Wei C. Discovering and Validating Cuproptosis-Associated Marker Genes for Accurate Keloid Diagnosis Through Multiple Machine Learning Models. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:287-300. [PMID: 38314148 PMCID: PMC10838519 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s440231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Background Keloid is a common condition characterized by abnormal scarring of the skin, affecting a significant number of individuals worldwide. Objective The occurrence of keloids may be related to the reduction of cell death. Recently, a new cell death mode that relies on copper ions has been discovered. This study aimed to identify novel cuproptosis-related genes that are associated with keloid diagnosis. Methods We utilized several gene expression datasets, including GSE44270 and GSE145725 as the training group, and GSE7890, GSE92566, and GSE121618 as the testing group. We integrated machine learning models (SVM, RF, GLM, and XGB) to identify 10 cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) for keloid diagnosis in the training group. The diagnostic capability of the identified CRGs was validated using independent datasets, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and IHC analysis. Results Our study successfully categorized keloid samples into two clusters based on the expression of cuproptosis-related genes. Utilizing WGCNA analysis, we identified 110 candidate genes associated with cuproptosis. Subsequent functional enrichment analysis results revealed that these genes may play a regulatory role in cell growth within keloid tissue through the MAPK pathway. By integrating machine learning models, we identified CRGs that can be used for diagnosing keloid. The diagnostic efficacy of CRGs was confirmed using independent datasets, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and IHC analysis. GSVA analysis indicated that high expression of CRGs influenced the gene set related to ECM receptor interaction. Conclusion This study identified 10 cuproptosis-related genes that provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying keloid development and may have implications for the development of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicheng Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingli Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencheng Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyu Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiurong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuzhong Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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194
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Cai Y, Li L, Shao C, Chen Y, Wang Z. Therapeutic Strategies for Angiogenesis Based on Endothelial Cell Epigenetics. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10485-y. [PMID: 38294628 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10485-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
With the in-depth investigation of various diseases, angiogenesis has gained increasing attention. Among the contributing factors to angiogenesis research, endothelial epigenetics has emerged as an influential player. Endothelial epigenetic therapy exerts its regulatory effects on endothelial cells by controlling gene expression, RNA, and histone modification within these cells, which subsequently promotes or inhibits angiogenesis. As a result, this therapeutic approach offers potential strategies for disease treatment. The purpose of this review is to outline the pertinent mechanisms of endothelial cell epigenetics, encompassing glycolysis, lactation, amino acid metabolism, non-coding RNA, DNA methylation, histone modification, and their connections to specific diseases and clinical applications. We firmly believe that endothelial cell epigenetics has the potential to become an integral component of precision medicine therapy, unveiling novel therapeutic targets and providing new directions and opportunities for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiliu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu Province, China.
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195
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Tang L, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Deng W, Zhao M. Machine Learning-Based Integrated Analysis of PANoptosis Patterns in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Reveals a Signature Predicting Survival and Immunotherapy. Int J Clin Pract 2024; 2024:5113990. [PMID: 38322112 PMCID: PMC10846924 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5113990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective We conducted a meticulous bioinformatics analysis leveraging expression data of 226 PANRGs obtained from previous studies, as well as clinical data from AML patients derived from the HOVON database. Methods Through meticulous data analysis and manipulation, we were able to categorize AML cases into two distinct PANRG clusters and subsequently identify differentially expressed genes (PRDEGs) with prognostic significance. Furthermore, we organized the patient data into two corresponding gene clusters, allowing us to investigate the intricate relationship between the risk score, patient prognosis, and the immune landscape. Results Our findings disclosed significant associations between the identified PANRGs, gene clusters, patient survival, immune system, and cancer-related biological processes and pathways. Importantly, we successfully constructed a prognostic signature comprising nineteen genes, enabling the stratification of patients into high-risk and low-risk groups based on individually calculated risk scores. Furthermore, we developed a robust and practical nomogram model, integrating the risk score and other pertinent clinical features, to facilitate accurate patient survival prediction. Our comprehensive analysis demonstrated that the high-risk group exhibited notably worse prognosis, with the risk score proving to be significantly correlated with infiltration of most immune cells. The qRT-PCR results revealed significant differential expression patterns of LGR5 and VSIG4 in normal and human leukemia cell lines (HL-60 and MV-4-11). Conclusions Our findings underscore the potential utility of PANoptosis-based molecular clustering and prognostic signatures as predictive tools for assessing patient survival in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Wenjun Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
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196
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Diral E, Campochiaro C, Tomelleri A, Bergonzi GM, Pizzano U, Ponzoni M, Bongiovanni L, Ronchi P, Tresoldi C, Rigamonti S, Scarfò F, Latino GM, Rinaldi E, Bernardi M, Dagna L, Ciceri F. Case report: Cytopenias in VEXAS syndrome - a WHO 2022 based approach in a single-center cohort. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1354130. [PMID: 38333211 PMCID: PMC10850384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1354130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
VEXAS syndrome is an acquired autoinflammatory disease characterized in most cases by cytopenias and macrocytic anemia. Dyshematopoiesis is a frequent finding in chronic inflammatory conditions and therefore, cytopenias are not easily classified in VEXAS patients. Here we report a series of 7 patients affected by VEXAS associated cytopenias, treated at our center. The use of NGS, together with morphological assays, integrated with the WHO 2022 criteria, allowed to identify three subsets of VEXAS associated cytopenias: ICUS (idiopathic cytopenia of uncertain significance), CCUS (clonal cytopenia of uncertain significance) at high risk of clonal evolution, and MDS. This approach could help to better understand the nature of VEXAS associated cytopenias and to guide the use of specific targeted treatments in order to achieve long lasting responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Diral
- Unit of Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Corrado Campochiaro
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tomelleri
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gregorio M. Bergonzi
- Unit of Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Pizzano
- Unit of Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Bongiovanni
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Ronchi
- Unit of Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Tresoldi
- Unit of Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Rigamonti
- Unit of Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Scarfò
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria M. Latino
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Emma Rinaldi
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Bernardi
- Unit of Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Unit of Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Arnold M, Buyukozkan M, Doraiswamy PM, Nho K, Wu T, Gudnason V, Launer LJ, Wang-Sattler R, Adamski J, De Jager PL, Ertekin-Taner N, Bennett DA, Saykin AJ, Peters A, Suhre K, Kaddurah-Daouk R, Kastenmüller G, Krumsiek J. Individual bioenergetic capacity as a potential source of resilience to Alzheimer's disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.23.23297820. [PMID: 38313266 PMCID: PMC10836119 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.23.23297820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Impaired glucose uptake in the brain is one of the earliest presymptomatic manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The absence of symptoms for extended periods of time suggests that compensatory metabolic mechanisms can provide resilience. Here, we introduce the concept of a systemic 'bioenergetic capacity' as the innate ability to maintain energy homeostasis under pathological conditions, potentially serving as such a compensatory mechanism. We argue that fasting blood acylcarnitine profiles provide an approximate peripheral measure for this capacity that mirrors bioenergetic dysregulation in the brain. Using unsupervised subgroup identification, we show that fasting serum acylcarnitine profiles of participants from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative yields bioenergetically distinct subgroups with significant differences in AD biomarker profiles and cognitive function. To assess the potential clinical relevance of this finding, we examined factors that may offer diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities. First, we identified a genotype affecting the bioenergetic capacity which was linked to succinylcarnitine metabolism and significantly modulated the rate of future cognitive decline. Second, a potentially modifiable influence of beta-oxidation efficiency seemed to decelerate bioenergetic aging and disease progression. Our findings, which are supported by data from more than 9,000 individuals, suggest that interventions tailored to enhance energetic health and to slow bioenergetic aging could mitigate the risk of symptomatic AD, especially in individuals with specific mitochondrial genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mustafa Buyukozkan
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - P. Murali Doraiswamy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Institute of Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences and Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tong Wu
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rui Wang-Sattler
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Philip L. De Jager
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences and Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; IBE, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Disease (DZHK e.V.), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rima Kaddurah-Daouk
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Institute of Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jan Krumsiek
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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198
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Elnagdy MH, Magdy A, Eldars W, Elgamal M, El-Nagdy AH, Salem O, Elmowafy MM, Elborsh OA, Elshafey AW, Kesba MM, Abdulgalil AE, Sobh A. Genetic association of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphisms with COVID-19 severity; a single centre study from Egypt. Virol J 2024; 21:27. [PMID: 38263160 PMCID: PMC10807154 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the emergence of the COVID-19 infection in China, it has caused considerable morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. It causes the vast majority of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild or even no symptoms to severe respiratory failure. There are many risk factors for severe COVID-19, such as old age, male gender, and associated comorbidities. A major role for genetic factors may exist. The SARS-CoV-2 virus enters the cell primarily through ACE2 receptors. rs2285666 is one of many polymorphisms found in the ACE2 receptor gene. To enable endosome-independent entry into target cells, the transmembrane protease serine-type 2 (TMPRSS2) is necessary to cleave the virus' spike (S) glycoprotein. TMPRSS2 is characterized by an androgen receptor element. The rs12329760 polymorphism in TMPRSS2 may explain different genetic susceptibilities to COVID-19. METHOD This cross-sectional study was held in Mansoura University Hospitals during the period from June 2020 to April 2022 on patients who had mild and severe COVID-19. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected, and the TaqMan real-time polymerase chain was used for allelic discrimination in the genotyping of rs2285666 and rs12329760. RESULTS This study included 317 Egyptian patients, aged from 0.2 to 87 years. Males were 146, while females were 171. They were divided into mild and severe groups (91 and 226 patients, respectively) based on their clinical symptoms. There was a significant association between COVID-19 severity and male gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and high CRP. The genotype and allele frequency distributions of the ACE2 rs2285666 polymorphism showed no significant association with the severity of COVID-19 in both. In contrast, in TMPRSS2 rs12329760 minor T allele and CT, TT genotypes were significantly associated with a reduced likelihood of developing severe COVID-19. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that the ACE2 rs2285666 polymorphism is not related to the severity of COVID-19, whether genotypes or alleles. In TMPRSS2 rs12329760, the dominant model and T allele showed significantly lower frequencies in severe cases, with a protective effect against severity. The discrepancies with previous results may be due to variations in other ACE2 receptor-related genes, inflammatory mediators, and coagulation indicators. Haplotype blocks and differences in racial makeup must be taken into consideration. Future research should be done to clarify how ethnicity affects these polymorphisms and how other comorbidities combine to have an additive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa H Elnagdy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Alshimaa Magdy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Waleed Eldars
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elgamal
- Department of Chest Medicine, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hazem El-Nagdy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Horus University, Damietta El Gadeeda, Egypt
| | - Omnia Salem
- Department of Pediatrics, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, 60 El Gomhouria Street, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | | | - Omar Ahmed Elborsh
- Intern, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ahmed Elsaeed Abdulgalil
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ali Sobh
- Department of Pediatrics, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, 60 El Gomhouria Street, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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199
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Bashar NAS, Gohar NMAH, Tantawy AA, Kamel MHM. Evaluation of relationship between TMPRSS2 p.(Val197Met) variant and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:112. [PMID: 38254046 PMCID: PMC10802041 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-08987-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has killed millions of people and had a terrible effect on society. The transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) enzyme is essential in the initial phases of the interplay between the SARSCoV-2 and the host cells by assisting viral entrance. METHODS This observational case-control study involved 150 participants, 100 adult patients with COVID-19, 50 of whom appeared healthy and had no history of or symptoms of COVID-19 infection when the study was conducted. Between January and April 2022, patients were taken as inpatients in isolation units or through recruitment from the COVID-19 clinic at Kasr Al-Ainy Cairo University Hospitals. According to the National Institutes of Health guidelines (2021), they were categorised into three categories: mild, moderate, and severe. TMPRSS2 p.(Val197Met) variant genotyping was evaluated using TaqMan Real-Time PCR. RESULTS The study showed a substantial difference between the mild and severe COVID-19 patient groups regarding their TMPRSS2 (p.Val197Met) genotypes (P value = 0.046). The C allele was significantly more prevalent in the mild, moderate and severe COVID-19 patient categories (77.8%, 89.7% and 91.7%, respectively) and the control group (80%). Meanwhile, the T allele was more prevalent in the mild (22.2%) and control (20%) groups. There was a statistically significant difference in allelic distribution between the mild and severe groups (P value = 0.034). CONCLUSION The study showed a connection between the TMPRSS2 gene variant p.(Val197Met) and the degree of illness. We concluded that the T(mutant) allele was protective against severe COVID-19 because it was linked to lesser disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Ahmed Saleh Bashar
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed A Tantawy
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mai Hamed Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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200
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Guimaraes LC, Costa PAC, Scalzo Júnior SRA, Ferreira HAS, Braga ACS, de Oliveira LC, Figueiredo MM, Shepherd S, Hamilton A, Queiroz-Junior CM, da Silva WN, da Silva NJA, Rodrigues Alves MT, Santos AK, de Faria KKS, Marim FM, Fukumasu H, Birbrair A, Teixeira-Carvalho A, de Aguiar RS, Mitchell MJ, Teixeira MM, Vasconcelos Costa V, Frezard F, Guimaraes PPG. Nanoparticle-based DNA vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 variants in female preclinical models. Nat Commun 2024; 15:590. [PMID: 38238326 PMCID: PMC10796936 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
A safe and effective vaccine with long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) is a global health priority. Here, we develop lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to provide safe and effective delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA) and show protection against VOCs in female small animal models. Using a library of LNPs encapsulating unique barcoded DNA (b-DNA), we screen for b-DNA delivery after intramuscular administration. The top-performing LNPs are further tested for their capacity of pDNA uptake in antigen-presenting cells in vitro. The lead LNP is used to encapsulate pDNA encoding the HexaPro version of SARS-CoV-2 spike (LNP-HPS) and immunogenicity and protection is tested in vivo. LNP-HPS elicit a robust protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 Gamma (P.1), correlating with reduced lethality, decreased viral load in the lungs and reduced lung damage. LNP-HPS induce potent humoral and T cell responses against P.1, and generate high levels of neutralizing antibodies against P.1 and Omicron (B.1.1.529). Our findings indicate that the protective efficacy and immunogenicity elicited by LNP-HPS are comparable to those achieved by the approved COVID-19 vaccine from Biontech/Pfizer in animal models. Together, these findings suggest that LNP-HPS hold great promise as a vaccine candidate against VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lays Cordeiro Guimaraes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro Augusto Carvalho Costa
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Ricardo Aluotto Scalzo Júnior
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Athaydes Seabra Ferreira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Soares Braga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Camilo de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Sarah Shepherd
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA
| | - Alex Hamilton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA
| | | | - Walison Nunes da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Natália Jordana Alves da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marco Túllio Rodrigues Alves
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anderson Kenedy Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kevin Kelton Santos de Faria
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Martins Marim
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Heidge Fukumasu
- Department of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, 13635-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, 53706, WI, USA
| | - Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, 30190-009, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renato Santana de Aguiar
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vivian Vasconcelos Costa
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Frederic Frezard
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro Pires Goulart Guimaraes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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