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Rebaudi F, De Franco F, Goda R, Obino V, Vita G, Baronti C, Iannone E, Pitto F, Massa B, Fenoglio D, Jandus C, Poggio F, Fregatti P, Melaiu O, Bozzo M, Candiani S, Papaccio F, Greppi M, Pesce S, Marcenaro E. The landscape of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with novel Therapies: Secret alliances against breast cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 130:102831. [PMID: 39342797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
This review focuses on the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the context of breast cancer (BC) management. These innovative treatments, by targeting proteins expressed on both tumor and immune cells, aim to overcome tumor-induced immune suppression and reactivate the immune system. The potential of this approach is the subject of numerous clinical studies. Here, we explore the key studies and emerging therapies related to ICIs providing a detailed analysis of their specific and combined use in BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Rebaudi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabiana De Franco
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rayan Goda
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valentina Obino
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Vita
- Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Camilla Baronti
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Eleonora Iannone
- Breast Surgery Clinic, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Pitto
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Massa
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Fenoglio
- Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Biotherapy Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Camilla Jandus
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland; Geneva Center for Inflammation Research, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Poggio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Piero Fregatti
- Breast Surgery Clinic, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ombretta Melaiu
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Bozzo
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Candiani
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federica Papaccio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Marco Greppi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Silvia Pesce
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Marcenaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
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152
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Shin Y, Kim M, Kim C, Jeon H, Koo J, Oh J, Shin S, Youn YS, Lim C, Oh KT. Development and Characterization of Olaparib-Loaded Solid Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (S-SNEDDS) for Pharmaceutical Applications. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:221. [PMID: 39317842 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02927-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to enhance the solubility of Olaparib, classified as biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) class IV due to its low solubility and bioavailability using a solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS). For this purpose, SNEDDS formulations were created using Capmul MCM as the oil, Tween 80 as the surfactant, and PEG 400 as the co-surfactant. The SNEDDS formulation containing olaparib (OLS-352), selected as the optimal formulation, showed a mean droplet size of 87.0 ± 0.4 nm and drug content of 5.53 ± 0.09%. OLS-352 also demonstrated anticancer activity against commonly studied ovarian (SK-OV-3) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. Aerosil® 200 and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K30 were selected as solid carriers, and S-SNEDDS formulations were prepared using the spray drying method. The drug concentration in S-SNEDDS showed no significant changes (98.4 ± 0.30%, 25℃) with temperature fluctuations during the 4-week period, demonstrating improved storage stability compared to liquid SNEDDS (L-SNEDDS). Dissolution tests under simulated gastric and intestinal conditions revealed enhanced drug release profiles compared to those of the raw drug. Additionally, the S-SNEDDS formulation showed a fourfold greater absorption in the Caco-2 assay than the raw drug, suggesting that S-SNEDDS could improve the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs like olaparib, thus enhancing therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, this study holds significance in crafting a potent and cost-effective pharmaceutical formulation tailored for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuseon Shin
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikyung Kim
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeyeon Kim
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Jeon
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jain Koo
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Oh
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Shin
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Seok Youn
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaemin Lim
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Taek Oh
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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153
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Lin Y, Kong L, Zhao Y, Zhai F, Zhan Z, Li Y, Jingfei Z, Chunhong Y, Jin X. The oncogenic role of EIF4A3/CDC20 axis in the endometrial cancer. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00109-024-02486-w. [PMID: 39316093 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02486-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-3 (EIF4A3) is a key component of the exon junction complex (EJC) and is extensively involved in RNA splicing, inducing mRNA decay, and regulating the cell cycle and apoptosis. However, the potential role of EIF4A3 in EC has not been comprehensively investigated and remains unknown. Here, we report that the expression level of EIF4A3 is dramatically elevated in endometrial cancer (EC) samples compared with normal EC samples via bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemistry analysis, and that high expression of EIF4A3 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EC cells. Mechanistically, we found that high EIF4A3 expression stabilized cell division cyclin 20 (CDC20) mRNA, and high EIF4A3 expression induced pro-carcinogenic effects in EC cells that were efficiently antagonized upon knockdown of CDC20, as well as Apcin, an inhibitor of CDC20. These findings reveal a novel mechanism by which high expression of EIF4A3 induces CDC20 upregulation, thus leading to EC tumorigenesis and metastasis, indicating a potential treatment strategy for EC patients with high EIF4A3 expression using Apcin. KEY MESSAGES: The expression level of EIF4A3 was dramatically elevated in endometrial cancer (EC) samples compared with normal endometrial cancer samples. High EIF4A3 expression stabilized CDC20 mRNA, and high EIF4A3 expression induced pro-carcinogenic effect in EC cells which was efficiently antagonized upon knockdown of CDC20. Apcin, an inhibitor of CDC20, could effectively counteract high expression of EIF4A3 inducing EC tumourigenesis and metastasis, indicating the potential treatment strategy for EC patients with EIF4A3 high expression by using Apcin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Lili Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yiting Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Fengguang Zhai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ziqing Zhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Zheng Jingfei
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Yan Chunhong
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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154
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Aakash F, Gisriel SD, Zeidan AM, Bennett JM, Bejar R, Bewersdorf JP, Borate UM, Boultwood J, Brunner AM, Buckstein R, Carraway H, Churpek JE, Daver NG, DeZern AE, Efficace F, Fenaux P, Figueroa ME, Garcia-Manero G, Gore SD, Greenberg PL, Griffiths EA, Halene S, Hourigan CS, Kim TK, Kim N, Komrokji RS, Kutchroo V, List AF, Little RF, Majeti R, Nazha A, Nimer SD, Odenike O, Padron E, Patnaik MM, Platzbecker U, Della Porta MG, Roboz GJ, Sallman DA, Santini V, Sanz G, Savona MR, Sekeres MA, Stahl M, Starczynowski DT, Steensma DP, Taylor J, Abdel-Wahab O, Wei AH, Zhuoer X, Xu ML, Hasserjian RP, Loghavi S. Contemporary Approach to The Diagnosis and Classification of Myelodysplastic Neoplasms/Syndromes- Recommendations from The International Consortium for MDS (icMDS). Mod Pathol 2024:100615. [PMID: 39322118 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic neoplasms/syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of biologically distinct entities characterized by variable degrees of ineffective hematopoiesis. Recently, two classification systems (the 5th edition of the WHO Classification and the International Consensus Classification) further sub-characterized MDS into morphologic and genetically defined groups. Accurate diagnosis and subclassification of MDS require a multistep systemic approach. The International Consortium for MDS (icMDS) summarizes a contemporary, practical, and multimodal approach to MDS diagnosis and classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fnu Aakash
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Savanah D Gisriel
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Amer M Zeidan
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John M Bennett
- James P Wilmot Cancer Center and Division of Hematopathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Rafael Bejar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jan Philipp Bewersdorf
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Uma M Borate
- Division of Haematology, the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jacqueline Boultwood
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew M Brunner
- Division of Haematology, Massachusetts General Hospital Brigham, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rena Buckstein
- Department of Medical Oncology/ Hematology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hetty Carraway
- Leukemia Program, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jane E Churpek
- Department of Haematology, Oncology, and Palliative Care, Carbone Cancer Center, The University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Naval G Daver
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amy E DeZern
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fabio Efficace
- Italian Group for Adult Hematologic Diseases (GIMEMA), Health Outcomes Research Unit, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierre Fenaux
- Service d'hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis (Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris) and Université de Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maria E Figueroa
- Division of Haematology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Steven D Gore
- National Cancer Institute, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Peter L Greenberg
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Stephanie Halene
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Tae Kon Kim
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Rami S Komrokji
- Malignant Haematology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Alan F List
- Precision BioSciences, Inc., Durham, NC, USA
| | - Richard F Little
- National Cancer Institute, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ravindra Majeti
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aziz Nazha
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stephen D Nimer
- Division of Haematology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Olatoyosi Odenike
- Leukemia Program, University of Chicago Medicine and University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eric Padron
- Malignant Haematology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mrinal M Patnaik
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Uwe Platzbecker
- Department of Haematology and Cellular Therapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matteo G Della Porta
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gail J Roboz
- Weill Cornell Medical College and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - David A Sallman
- Malignant Haematology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Valeria Santini
- Myelodysplastic syndromes Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Haematology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Guillermo Sanz
- Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain; CIBERONC, IS Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael R Savona
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mikkael A Sekeres
- Division of Haematology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maximilian Stahl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Leukemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Justin Taylor
- Division of Haematology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Omer Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew H Wei
- Department of Haematology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xie Zhuoer
- Malignant Haematology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mina L Xu
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robert P Hasserjian
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital Brigham, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sanam Loghavi
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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155
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Sadowski C, Reinert JP. The efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants in the treatment of the acute phase of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: A systematic review. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2024; 81:e584-e593. [PMID: 38651828 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxae109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the safety and efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in the treatment of the acute phase of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). SUMMARY A systematic review of the literature was conducted on PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection through July 2023. Search terms included "heparin-induced thrombocytopenia AND direct-oral-anticoagulants" in addition to a list of oral anticoagulants. Adult patients who used direct oral anticoagulants as the initial treatment for the acute phase of HIT were included. A total of 1,188 articles were initially identified, with 770 articles reviewed following removal of duplicates. Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 articles were ultimately included. Rivaroxaban was the most-utilized DOAC (28 patients), followed by apixaban (7 patients) and dabigatran (1 patient). All patients with thrombocytopenia demonstrated successful platelet recovery, with two patients presenting with normal platelet counts. One patient developed a deep venous thrombosis with no other new or recurrent thromboses. There were no reported clinically significant adverse events in any patient. Obstacles and deterrents to the use of the standards of care in the acute phase of HIT exist. Argatroban and bivalirudin require intravenous infusion and require close aPTT monitoring and dose adjustment. Fondaparinux requires injection and is contraindicated with body weight <50kg. DOACs would offer the novel ability for an oral treatment in the treatment of the acute phase HIT and allow for minimal monitoring and consistent dosing strategies. Therefore, DOACs are an intriguing choice for the treatment of the acute phase of HIT. CONCLUSION Data from 12 publications and across 36 patients suggests that the use of DOACs in the acute phase of HIT may be a safe and efficacious treatment option with favorable ease of monitoring and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cooper Sadowski
- The University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Justin P Reinert
- The University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
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156
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Liu WN, Harden SL, Tan SLW, Tan RJR, Fong SY, Tan SY, Liu M, Karnik I, Shuen TWH, Toh HC, Fan Y, Lim SG, Chan JKY, Chen Q. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals anti-tumor potency of CD56 + NK cells and CD8 + T cells in humanized mice via PD-1 and TIGIT co-targeting. Mol Ther 2024:S1525-0016(24)00611-7. [PMID: 39318093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In solid tumors, the exhaustion of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T cells in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment poses challenges for effective tumor control. Conventional humanized mouse models of hepatocellular carcinoma patient-derived xenografts (HCC-PDX) encounter limitations in NK cell infiltration, hindering studies on NK cell immunobiology. Here, we introduce an improved humanized mouse model with restored NK cell reconstitution and infiltration in HCC-PDX, coupled with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to identify potential anti-HCC treatments. A single administration of adeno-associated virus carrying human interleukin-15 reinstated persistent NK cell reconstitution and infiltration in HCC-PDX in humanized mice. scRNA-seq revealed NK cell and T cell subpopulations with heightened PDCD1 and TIGIT levels. Notably, combination therapy with anti-PD-1 and anti-TIGIT antibodies alleviated HCC burden in humanized mice, demonstrating NK cell-dependent efficacy. Bulk-RNA sequencing analysis also revealed significant alterations in the tumor transcriptome that may contribute to further resistance after combination therapy, warranting further investigations. As an emerging strategy, ongoing clinical trials with anti-PD-1 and anti-TIGIT antibodies provide limited data. The improved humanized mouse HCC-PDX model not only sheds light on the pivotal role of NK cells but also serves as a robust platform for evaluating safety and anti-tumor efficacy of combination therapies and other potential regimens, complementing clinical insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Nam Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sarah L Harden
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Shawn Lu Wen Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Rachel Jun Rou Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Shin Yie Fong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sue Yee Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Isha Karnik
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Timothy Wai Ho Shuen
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 168583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Han Chong Toh
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 168583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yong Fan
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Seng Gee Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119228, Republic of Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jerry Kok Yen Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Republic of Singapore; Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Republic of Singapore
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Republic of Singapore; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore.
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157
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Bartoszewska E, Tota M, Kisielewska M, Skowron I, Sebastianka K, Stefaniak O, Molik K, Rubin J, Kraska K, Choromańska A. Overcoming Antigen Escape and T-Cell Exhaustion in CAR-T Therapy for Leukemia. Cells 2024; 13:1596. [PMID: 39329777 PMCID: PMC11430486 DOI: 10.3390/cells13181596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a prevalent pediatric cancer with significant challenges, particularly in relapsed or refractory cases. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as a personalized cancer treatment, modifying patients' T cells to target and destroy resistant cancer cells. This study reviews the current therapeutic options of CAR-T therapy for leukemia, addressing the primary obstacles such as antigen escape and T-cell exhaustion. We explore dual-targeting strategies and their potential to improve treatment outcomes by preventing the loss of target antigens. Additionally, we examine the mechanisms of T-cell exhaustion and strategies to enhance CAR-T persistence and effectiveness. Despite remarkable clinical successes, CAR-T therapy poses risks such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Our findings highlight the need for ongoing research to optimize CAR-T applications, reduce toxicities, and extend this innovative therapy to a broader range of hematologic malignancies. This comprehensive review aims to provide valuable insights for improving leukemia treatment and advancing the field of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Bartoszewska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland (M.K.); (I.S.); (K.S.); (O.S.); (K.M.); (J.R.); (K.K.)
- Student Research Group No K148, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Tota
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland (M.K.); (I.S.); (K.S.); (O.S.); (K.M.); (J.R.); (K.K.)
- Student Research Group No K148, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Monika Kisielewska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland (M.K.); (I.S.); (K.S.); (O.S.); (K.M.); (J.R.); (K.K.)
- Student Research Group No K148, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Skowron
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland (M.K.); (I.S.); (K.S.); (O.S.); (K.M.); (J.R.); (K.K.)
- Student Research Group No K148, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Sebastianka
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland (M.K.); (I.S.); (K.S.); (O.S.); (K.M.); (J.R.); (K.K.)
- Student Research Group No K148, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Oliwia Stefaniak
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland (M.K.); (I.S.); (K.S.); (O.S.); (K.M.); (J.R.); (K.K.)
- Student Research Group No K148, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Klaudia Molik
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland (M.K.); (I.S.); (K.S.); (O.S.); (K.M.); (J.R.); (K.K.)
- Student Research Group No K148, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Rubin
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland (M.K.); (I.S.); (K.S.); (O.S.); (K.M.); (J.R.); (K.K.)
- Student Research Group No K148, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Kraska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland (M.K.); (I.S.); (K.S.); (O.S.); (K.M.); (J.R.); (K.K.)
- Student Research Group No K148, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Choromańska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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Wu G, Pan Y, Chen M, Liu Z, Li C, Sheng Y, Li H, Shen M, Liu H. Lactylation drives hCG-triggered luteinization in hypoxic granulosa cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135580. [PMID: 39322166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia that occurs during the luteinization process of granulosa cells (GC) contributes to the formation of lactate in follicles. Lysine lactylation (Kla), a post-translational modification directly regulated by lactate levels, is a metabolic sensor that converts metabolic information into gene expression patterns. In this study, we employed human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to induce GCs luteinization and discovered that hypoxia enhances hCG-mediated GCs luteinization by stimulating lactate production/lactylation. The elevated levels of luteinization markers (including progesterone synthesis, expression of CYP11A1 and STAR) were accompanied by increased lactate production as well as enhanced lactylation in mouse ovarian GCs after the injection of hCG in vivo. By treating GCs with hypoxia in vitro, we found that hypoxia accelerated hCG-induced GCs luteinization, which was inhibited after blocking lactate production/lactylation. Further investigations revealed that H3K18la might contribute to hCG-induced luteinization in hypoxic GCs by upregulating CYP11A1 and STAR transcription. Additionally, we identified that CREB K136la is also required for hCG-induced GCs luteinization under hypoxia. Finally, the in vitro findings were verified in vivo, which showed impaired GCs luteinization and corpus luteum formation after blocking the lactate/lactylation by intraperitoneal injection of oxamate/C646 in mice. Taken together, this study uncovered a novel role of protein lactylation in the regulation of GCs luteinization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yitong Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chengyu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanan Sheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongmin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ming Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Honglin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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159
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Jędrzejczak P, Saramowicz K, Kuś J, Barczuk J, Rozpędek-Kamińska W, Siwecka N, Galita G, Wiese W, Majsterek I. SEPT9_i1 and Septin Dynamics in Oncogenesis and Cancer Treatment. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1194. [PMID: 39334960 PMCID: PMC11430720 DOI: 10.3390/biom14091194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advancements in the field of oncology, cancers still pose one of the greatest challenges of modern healthcare. Given the cytoskeleton's pivotal role in regulating mechanisms critical to cancer development, further studies of the cytoskeletal elements could yield new practical applications. Septins represent a group of relatively well-conserved GTP-binding proteins that constitute the fourth component of the cytoskeleton. Septin 9 (SEPT9) has been linked to a diverse spectrum of malignancies and appears to be the most notable septin member in that category. SEPT9 constitutes a biomarker of colorectal cancer (CRC) and has been positively correlated with a high clinical stage in breast cancer, cervical cancer, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. SEPT9_i1 represents the most extensively studied isoform of SEPT9, which substantially contributes to carcinogenesis, metastasis, and treatment resistance. Nevertheless, the mechanistic basis of SEPT9_i1 oncogenicity remains to be fully elucidated. In this review, we highlight SEPT9's and SEPT9_i1's structures and interactions with Hypoxia Inducible Factor α (HIF-1 α) and C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase (JNK), as well as discuss SEPT9_i1's contribution to aneuploidy, cell invasiveness, and taxane resistance-key phenomena in the progression of malignancies. Finally, we emphasize forchlorfenuron and other septin inhibitors as potential chemotherapeutics and migrastatics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ireneusz Majsterek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; (P.J.); (K.S.); (J.K.); (J.B.); (W.R.-K.); (N.S.); (G.G.); (W.W.)
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160
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Kristensen DT, Jåtun TL, Simonsen MR, Toft N, Dimitrijevic A, Ørskov AD, Roug AS, El-Galaly TC, Severinsen MT. Temporal changes in survival among adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia diagnosed in the period 1998-2020 - A Danish nationwide population-based cohort study. Eur J Cancer 2024; 212:114338. [PMID: 39326288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown continuous improved overall survival (OS) up to 2015 for young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). However, recently several important advances have been made justifying a more contemporary analysis of outcomes in adult with ALL. METHODS In this nationwide population-based cohort study, we included patients above 18 years of age diagnosed with ALL between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2020. Patients were followed until December 31, 2022. By employing flexible parametric survival models, we quantified progress in OS using the key endpoint of 2-year age standardized OS for all patients and clinical subgroups of interest. FINDINGS This study includes 657 patients and demonstrates a significant improvement in OS over time with the 2-year age standardized OS increasing from 36·4 % (95 % CI, 27·0-45·8 %) for patients diagnosed in 1998 to 68·6 % (95 % CI, 60·2-76·9)for patients diagnosed in 2020, corresponding to an absolute increase in 2-year OS of 32·2 % points (95 % CI, 19·1-45·2). Stratified analysis revealed improvements for both Philadelphia chromosome positive and negative ALL, across cytogenetic risk groups, and for B- and T-cell ALL, whereas the latter did not reach statistical significance. Improvements were seen across all ages; however, most pronounced for Philadelphia chromosome positive ALL and patients below 60 years of age. INTERPRETATION These results show a universal and continuous improvement in the treatment of adult ALL. Currently, novel treatment combination and advances in cellular therapy occur rapidly, and we expect even further improvements in the years to come. FUNDING Northern Region of Denmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tuyet Kristensen
- Department of Haematology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Haematology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Trine Louise Jåtun
- Department of Haematology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Runason Simonsen
- Department of Haematology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Nina Toft
- Department of Haematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Andreas Due Ørskov
- Department of Haematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Tarec Christoffer El-Galaly
- Department of Haematology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Hematology Research Unit, Department of Haematology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Department of Medicine Solna, Clinical Epidemiology Division, Karolinska institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marianne Tang Severinsen
- Department of Haematology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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161
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Kwizera R, Xie J, Nurse N, Yuan C, Kirchmaier AL. Impacts of Nucleosome Positioning Elements and Pre-Assembled Chromatin States on Expression and Retention of Transgenes. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1232. [PMID: 39336823 PMCID: PMC11431089 DOI: 10.3390/genes15091232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Transgene applications, ranging from gene therapy to the development of stable cell lines and organisms, rely on maintaining the expression of transgenes. To date, the use of plasmid-based transgenes has been limited by the loss of their expression shortly after their delivery into the target cells. The short-lived expression of plasmid-based transgenes has been largely attributed to host-cell-mediated degradation and/or silencing of transgenes. The development of chromatin-based strategies for gene delivery has the potential to facilitate defining the requirements for establishing epigenetic states and to enhance transgene expression for numerous applications. METHODS To assess the impact of "priming" plasmid-based transgenes to adopt accessible chromatin states to promote gene expression, nucleosome positioning elements were introduced at promoters of transgenes, and vectors were pre-assembled into nucleosomes containing unmodified histones or mutants mimicking constitutively acetylated states at residues 9 and 14 of histone H3 or residue 16 of histone H4 prior to their introduction into cells, then the transgene expression was monitored over time. RESULTS DNA sequences capable of positioning nucleosomes could positively impact the expression of adjacent transgenes in a distance-dependent manner in the absence of their pre-assembly into chromatin. Intriguingly, the pre-assembly of plasmids into chromatin facilitated the prolonged expression of transgenes relative to plasmids that were not pre-packaged into chromatin. Interactions between pre-assembled chromatin states and nucleosome positioning-derived effects on expression were also assessed and, generally, nucleosome positioning played the predominant role in influencing gene expression relative to priming with hyperacetylated chromatin states. CONCLUSIONS Strategies incorporating nucleosome positioning elements and the pre-assembly of plasmids into chromatin prior to nuclear delivery can modulate the expression of plasmid-based transgenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronard Kwizera
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Junkai Xie
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Nathan Nurse
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Chongli Yuan
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Ann L Kirchmaier
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Wu Y, Zhao B, Shen Z, Hu S, Zhang C, Zhang X, Zhang J, Yan Y, Zhou P, Chu Q, Dai Z, Wu K. Blockade of CCR5 + T Cell Accumulation in the Tumor Microenvironment Optimizes Anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2408598. [PMID: 39303165 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202408598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
In the previous studies, anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibody YM101 is demonstrated, with superior efficacy to anti-PD-L1 monotherapy in multiple tumor models. However, YM101 therapy can not achieve complete regression in most tumor-bearing mice, suggesting the presence of other immunosuppressive elements in the tumor microenvironment (TME) beyond TGF-β and PD-L1. Thoroughly exploring the TME is imperative to pave the way for the successful translation of anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 BsAb into clinical practice. In this work, scRNA-seq is employed to comprehensively profile the TME changes induced by YM101. The scRNA-seq analysis reveals an increase in immune cell populations associated with antitumor immunity and enhances cell-killing pathways. However, the analysis also uncovers the presence of immunosuppressive CCR5+ T cells in the TME after YM101 treatment. To overcome this hurdle, YM101 is combined with Maraviroc, a widely used CCR5 antagonist for treating HIV infection, suppressing CCR5+ T cell accumulation, and optimizing the immune response. Mechanistically, YM101-induced neutrophil activation recruits immunosuppressive CCR5+ T cells via CCR5 ligand secretion, creating a feedback loop that diminishes the antitumor response. Maraviroc then cleared these infiltrating cells and offset YM101-mediated immunosuppressive effects, further unleashing the antitumor immunity. These findings suggest selectively targeting CCR5 signaling with Maraviroc represents a promising and strategic approach to enhance YM101 efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, P. R. China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoyang Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Shengtao Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Chaomei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075, P. R. China
| | - Yongxiang Yan
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075, P. R. China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
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163
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Wang H, Kim SJ, Lei Y, Wang S, Wang H, Huang H, Zhang H, Tsung A. Neutrophil extracellular traps in homeostasis and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:235. [PMID: 39300084 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01933-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), crucial in immune defense mechanisms, are renowned for their propensity to expel decondensed chromatin embedded with inflammatory proteins. Our comprehension of NETs in pathogen clearance, immune regulation and disease pathogenesis, has grown significantly in recent years. NETs are not only pivotal in the context of infections but also exhibit significant involvement in sterile inflammation. Evidence suggests that excessive accumulation of NETs can result in vessel occlusion, tissue damage, and prolonged inflammatory responses, thereby contributing to the progression and exacerbation of various pathological states. Nevertheless, NETs exhibit dual functionalities in certain pathological contexts. While NETs may act as autoantigens, aggregated NET complexes can function as inflammatory mediators by degrading proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The delineation of molecules and signaling pathways governing NET formation aids in refining our appreciation of NETs' role in immune homeostasis, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, metabolic dysregulation, and cancer. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the multifaceted roles of NETs in both homeostasis and disease, whilst discussing their potential as therapeutic targets. Our aim is to enhance the understanding of the intricate functions of NETs across the spectrum from physiology to pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Susan J Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Hongji Zhang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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Li X, Xu M, Chen Y, Zhai Y, Li J, Zhang N, Yin J, Wang L. Metabolomics for hematologic malignancies: Advances and perspective. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39782. [PMID: 39312378 PMCID: PMC11419435 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
With the use of advanced technology, metabolomics allows for a thorough examination of metabolites and other small molecules found in biological specimens, blood, and tissues. In recent years, metabolomics has been recognized that is closely related to the development of malignancies in the hematological system. Alterations in metabolomic pathways and networks are important in the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies and can also provide a theoretical basis for early diagnosis, efficacy evaluation, accurate staging, and individualized targeted therapy. In this review, we summarize the progress of metabolomics, including glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism in lymphoma, myeloma, and leukemia through specific mechanisms and pathways. The research of metabolomics gives a new insight and provides therapeutic targets for the treatment of patients with hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglan Li
- Linyi People’s Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Linyi, PR China
| | - Mengyu Xu
- Linyi People’s Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Linyi, PR China
| | - Yanying Chen
- Hematology Laboratory, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, PR China
| | - Yongqing Zhai
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, PR China
| | - Junhong Li
- Linyi People’s Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Linyi, PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, PR China
| | - Jiawei Yin
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi, PR China
- Key Laboratory for Translational Oncology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi, PR China
- Key Laboratory for Translational Oncology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
- Department of Hematology, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, PR China
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Hu T, Li L, Cui J, Song X, Zhu H, Hou ZW, Yuan S. Effects of antibiotics on immunotherapy in patients with metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024:00008469-990000000-00174. [PMID: 39302841 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of antibiotic exposure on the prognosis of patients with advanced metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (m-NSCLC) who received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This study retrospectively included 199 patients diagnosed with m-NSCLC in Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute from December 2017 to October 2021, all patients received ICIs for the first time. The basic clinical characteristics of patients before the first treatment of ICIs, whether antibiotics were used during treatment, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were collected. The survival among different groups was compared by the Kaplan-Meier method. The median follow-up time of m-NSCLC patients was 33.79 months, mPFS was 11.67 months, and mOS was 21.55 months. Univariate analysis showed that antibiotic use, radiotherapy, and targeted drug resistance influenced PFS and OS (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that antibiotic use, radiotherapy, and targeted resistance remained independent factors of PFS, and targeted resistance was an independent factor of OS (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis found that antibiotic use within 30 days before and after immunotherapy could decrease the PFS and OS (P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients without radiotherapy had shorter PFS (mPFS, 12.89 vs. 8.13 months; P = 0.0258) and OS (mOS, 26.94 vs. 16.43 months; P = 0.0465). The mPFS (16.17 vs. 9.19 months; P = 0.0151) and mOS (27.27 vs. 18.65 months; P = 0.0437) of patients in the antibiotic group were shorter. Patients in the targeted drug-resistant group had shorter PFS (mPFS, 40.66 vs. 7.77 months, P < 0.001) and OS (mOS, 41.98 vs. 16.89 months, P < 0.001) compared with patients who did not receive targeted treatment. Antibiotics and radiation therapy are associated with the prognosis of m-NSCLC who are newly treated with ICIs. Effectively reducing antibiotic use in 1 month before and after ICIs treatment may help improve the immunotherapy efficacy of patients with m-NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Li Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Jinfeng Cui
- Center for Medical Integration and Practice, Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Zhi Wei Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Shuanghu Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Liu X, Wang P, Liu G. NRI and SIRI are the optimal combinations for prognostic risk stratification in patients with non-small cell lung cancer after EGFR-TKI therapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03735-7. [PMID: 39304598 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have become the standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. However, NSCLC heterogeneity leads to differences in efficacy; thus, potential biomarkers need to be explored to predict the prognosis of patients. Recently, the prognostic importance of pre-treatment malnutrition and systemic inflammatory response in cancer patients has received increasing attention. METHODS In this study, clinical information from 363 NSCLC patients receiving EGFR-TKI treatment at our clinical center was used for analysis. RESULTS High nutritional risk index (NRI) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) were significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in NSCLC patients (P < 0.05). Importantly, NRI and SIRI were the best combination models for predicting clinical outcomes of NSCLC patients and independent OS and PFS predictors. Moreover, a nomogram model was constructed by combining NRI/SIRI, sex, smoking history, EGFR mutation, TNM stage, and surgery treatment to visually and personally predict the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year OS of patients with NSCLC. Notably, risk stratification based on the nomogram model was better than that based on the TNM stage. CONCLUSION NRI and SIRI were the best combination models for predicting clinical outcomes of NSCLC patients receiving EGFR-TKI treatment, which may be a novel biomarker for supplement risk stratification in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guolong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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167
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Keam SJ. Golidocitinib: First Approval. Drugs 2024:10.1007/s40265-024-02089-2. [PMID: 39298087 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-024-02089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Golidocitinib (®) is an oral, potent, selective Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor being developed by Dizal (Jiangsu) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd for the treatment of cancer, including peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL). In June 2024, golidocitinib received conditional approval in China for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory (r/r) PTCL who have received at least one line of systemic treatment. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of golidocitinib leading to this first approval for the treatment of adults with PTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Keam
- Springer Nature, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.
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168
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Delaveris CS, Kong S, Glasgow J, Loudermilk RP, Kirkemo LL, Zhao F, Salangsang F, Phojanakong P, Camara Serrano JA, Steri V, Wells JA. Chemoproteomics reveals immunogenic and tumor-associated cell surface substrates of ectokinase CK2α. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:1729-1739.e9. [PMID: 39178841 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Foreign epitopes for immune recognition provide the basis of anticancer immunity. Due to the high concentration of extracellular adenosine triphosphate in the tumor microenvironment, we hypothesized that extracellular kinases (ectokinases) could have dysregulated activity and introduce aberrant phosphorylation sites on cell surface proteins. We engineered a cell-tethered version of the extracellular kinase CK2α, demonstrated it was active on cells under tumor-relevant conditions, and profiled its substrate scope using a chemoproteomic workflow. We then demonstrated that mice developed polyreactive antisera in response to syngeneic tumor cells that had been subjected to surface hyperphosphorylation with CK2α. Interestingly, these mice developed B cell and CD4+ T cell responses in response to these antigens but failed to develop a CD8+ T cell response. This work provides a workflow for probing the extracellular phosphoproteome and demonstrates that extracellular phosphoproteins are immunogenic even in a syngeneic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corleone S Delaveris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sophie Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jeff Glasgow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Rita P Loudermilk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lisa L Kirkemo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Fangzhu Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Fernando Salangsang
- Preclinical Therapeutics Core, Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Paul Phojanakong
- Preclinical Therapeutics Core, Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Juan Antonio Camara Serrano
- Preclinical Therapeutics Core, Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Veronica Steri
- Preclinical Therapeutics Core, Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - James A Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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169
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Teo AJT, Ng SK, Khoo K, Wong SH, Li KHH. Microfluidic Gastrointestinal Cell Culture Technologies-Improvements in the Past Decade. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:449. [PMID: 39329824 PMCID: PMC11429516 DOI: 10.3390/bios14090449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cell culture technology has evolved in the past decade with the integration of microfluidic technologies, bringing advantages with greater selectivity and cost effectiveness. Herein, these technologies are sorted into three categories, namely the cell-culture insert devices, conventional microfluidic devices, and 3D-printed microfluidic devices. Each category is discussed in brief with improvements also discussed here. Introduction of different companies and applications derived from each are also provided to encourage uptake. Subsequently, future perspectives of integrating microfluidics with trending topics like stool-derived in vitro communities and gut-immune-tumor axis investigations are discussed. Insights on modular microfluidics and its implications on gastrointestinal cell cultures are also discussed here. Future perspectives on point-of-care (POC) applications in relations to gastrointestinal microfluidic devices are also discussed here. In conclusion, this review presents an introduction of each microfluidic platform with an insight into the greater contribution of microfluidics in gastrointestinal cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian J. T. Teo
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (A.J.T.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Siu-Kin Ng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (S.-K.N.); (S.H.W.)
| | - Kaydeson Khoo
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (A.J.T.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Sunny Hei Wong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (S.-K.N.); (S.H.W.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - King Ho Holden Li
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (A.J.T.T.); (K.K.)
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170
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Xu C, Wang S, Sun Y. The role of KRT7 in metastasis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:321. [PMID: 39300449 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03500-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to delve into the value of N6-Methyladenosine (m6A)-associated genes (MAGs) in pancreatic cancer (PC) prognosis. METHODS PC sequencing data and corresponding clinicopathological information were retrieved from GEO and TCGA databases. We filtered 19 MAGs in PC specimens and implemented functional annotation in biology. Later, the m6A modification pattern was stratified into m6Acluster A-B according to MAG expression levels, and further categorized into genecluster A-C based on differentially expressed genes between m6Acluster A and B. Next, a MAG-based prognostic prediction model was established by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis. At last, the role of KRT7 in PC were explored. RESULTS We found m6Acluster A pattern presented enrichment pathways associated with cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and cancer pathways. Additionally, high-risk group displayed more dismal prognosis and a higher programmed death-ligand 1 expression. The survival prediction ability of the model was verified in three independent PC GEO datasets. KRT7 is the most momentous risk gene in the established prognostic model. Among 18 clinical samples, the KRT7 protein in the surviving patient samples is lower than that in the deceased patient samples. We also identified elevated expression of KRT7 in PC tumor tissues compared to normal tissues using GEPIA 2. Then, the metastasis of PC cells was promoted by overexpressed KRT7 in vitro and in vivo. And IGF2BP3 upregulated KRT7 by increasing the mRNA stability of KRT7. CONCLUSIONS The PPM built based on CXCL5, LY6K and KRT7 is an encouraging biomarker to define the prognosis. Additionally, IGF2BP3 promoted KRT7 by stabilizing mRNA of KRT7. And KRT7 promoted the metastasis of PC cells by promoting EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shuming Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
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171
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Lim K, Kan WL, Nair PC, Kutyna M, Lopez AF, Hercus T, Ross DM, Lane S, Fong CY, Brown A, Yong A, Yeung D, Hughes T, Hiwase D, Thomas D. CBL mutations in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia often occur in the RING domain with multiple subclones per patient: Implications for targeting. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310641. [PMID: 39298477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a rare blood cancer of older adults (3 in every 1,000,000 persons) characterized by poor survival and lacking effective mutation-specific therapy. Mutations in the ubiquitin ligase Cbl occur frequently in CMML and share biological and molecular features with a clonal disease occurring in children, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). Here we analyzed the clinical presentations, molecular features and immunophenotype of CMML patients with CBL mutations enrolled in a prospective Phase II clinical trial stratified according to molecular markers. Clinically, CBL mutations were associated with increased bone marrow blasts at diagnosis, leukocytosis and splenomegaly, similar to patients harboring NRAS or KRAS mutations. Interestingly, 64% of patients presented with more than one CBL variant implying a complex subclonal architecture, often with co-occurrence of TET2 mutations. We found CBL mutations in CMML frequently clustered in the RING domain in contrast to JMML, where mutations frequently involve the linker helix region (P<0.0001). According to our comparative alignment of available X-ray structures, mutations in the linker helix region such as Y371E give rise to conformational differences that could be exploited by targeted therapy approaches. Furthermore, we noted an increased percentage of CMML CD34+ stem and progenitor cells expressing CD116 and CD131 in all CBL mutant cases and increased CD116 receptor density compared to healthy controls, similar to CMML overall. In summary, our data demonstrate that CBL mutations are associated with distinct molecular and clinical features in CMML and are potentially targetable with CD116-directed immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Lim
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Winnie L Kan
- Cytokine Receptor Laboratory, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Pramod C Nair
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Monika Kutyna
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Angel F Lopez
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Cytokine Receptor Laboratory, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Timothy Hercus
- Cytokine Receptor Laboratory, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David M Ross
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Steven Lane
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Agnes Yong
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
- The University of Western Australia Medical School, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David Yeung
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Timothy Hughes
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Devendra Hiwase
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Daniel Thomas
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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172
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Cai M, Li X, Luan X, Zhao P, Sun Q. Exploring m6A methylation in skin Cancer: Insights into molecular mechanisms and treatment. Cell Signal 2024; 124:111420. [PMID: 39304098 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common and prevalent internal mRNA modification in eukaryotes. m6A modification is a dynamic and reversible process regulated by methyltransferases, demethylases, and m6A binding proteins. Skin cancers, including melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), are among the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. m6A methylation is involved in the regulation of RNA splicing, translation, degradation, stability, translocation, export, and folding. Aberrant m6A modification participates in the pathophysiological processes of skin cancers and is associated with tumor cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and metastasis during cancer progression. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the biological functions of m6A and the most up-to-date evidence related to m6A RNA modification in skin cancer. We also emphasize the potential clinical applications in the diagnosis and treatment of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Cai
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xueqing Li
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xueyu Luan
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Pengyuan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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173
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Sharma A, Bhatia D. Programmable bionanomaterials for revolutionizing cancer immunotherapy. Biomater Sci 2024. [PMID: 39291418 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00815d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy involves a cutting-edge method that utilizes the immune system to detect and eliminate cancer cells. It has shown substantial effectiveness in treating different types of cancer. As a result, its growing importance is due to its distinct benefits and potential for sustained recovery. However, the general deployment of this treatment is hindered by ongoing issues in maintaining minimal toxicity, high specificity, and prolonged effectiveness. Nanotechnology offers promising solutions to these challenges due to its notable attributes, including expansive precise surface areas, accurate ability to deliver drugs and controlled surface chemistry. This review explores the current advancements in the application of nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy, focusing on three primary areas: monoclonal antibodies, therapeutic cancer vaccines, and adoptive cell treatment. In adoptive cell therapy, nanomaterials enhance the expansion and targeting capabilities of immune cells, such as T cells, thereby improving their ability to locate and destroy cancer cells. For therapeutic cancer vaccines, nanoparticles serve as delivery vehicles that protect antigens from degradation and enhance their uptake by antigen-presenting cells, boosting the immune response against cancer. Monoclonal antibodies benefit from nanotechnology through improved delivery mechanisms and reduced off-target effects, which increase their specificity and effectiveness. By highlighting the intersection of nanotechnology and immunotherapy, we aim to underscore the transformative potential of nanomaterials in enhancing the effectiveness and safety of cancer immunotherapies. Nanoparticles' ability to deliver drugs and biomolecules precisely to tumor sites reduces systemic toxicity and enhances therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281406, India.
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj 382355, Gandhinagar, India
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Thongchot S, Aksonnam K, Prasopsiri J, Warnnissorn M, Sa-Nguanraksa D, O-Charoenrat P, Thuwajit P, Yenchitsomanus PT, Thuwajit C. Mesothelin- and nucleolin-specific T cells from combined short peptides effectively kill triple-negative breast cancer cells. BMC Med 2024; 22:400. [PMID: 39294656 PMCID: PMC11411782 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03625-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), known for its aggressiveness and limited treatment options, presents a significant challenge. Adoptive cell transfer, involving the ex vivo generation of antigen-specific T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), emerges as a promising approach. The overexpression of mesothelin (MSLN) and nucleolin (NCL) in TNBC samples underscores their potential as targets for T cell therapy. This study explored the efficacy of multi-peptide pulsing of PBMCs to generate MSLN/NCL-specific T cells targeting MSLN+/NCL+ TNBC cells. METHODS TNBC patient samples were confirmed for both MSLN and NCL expression via immunohistochemistry. Synthesized MSLN and NCL peptides were combined and administered to activate PBMCs from healthy donors. The cancer-killing ability of the resultant T cells was assessed using crystal violet staining, and their subtypes and cytotoxic cytokines were characterized through flow cytometry and cytokine bead array. RESULTS Findings showed that 85.3% (127/149) of TNBC cases were positive for either MSLN or NCL, or both; with single positivity rates for MSLN and NCL of 14.1% and 28.9%, respectively. MSLN and NCL peptides, with high binding affinity for HLA-A*02, were combined and introduced to activated PBMCs from healthy donors. The co-pulsed PBMCs significantly induced TEM and TEMRA CD3+/CD8+ T cells and IFN-γ production, compared to single-peptide pulsed or unpulsed conditions. Notably, MSLN/NCL-specific T cells successfully induced cell death in MSLN+/NCL+ MDA-MB-231 cells, releasing key cytotoxic factors such as perforin, granzymes A and B, Fas ligand, IFN-γ, and granulysin. CONCLUSIONS These findings serve as a proof-of-concept for using multiple immunogenic peptides as a novel therapeutic approach in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyanee Thongchot
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Krittaya Aksonnam
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Jaturawitt Prasopsiri
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Malee Warnnissorn
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Doonyapat Sa-Nguanraksa
- Division of Head Neck and Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | | | - Peti Thuwajit
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Chanitra Thuwajit
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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175
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Tufail M, Jiang CH, Li N. Altered metabolism in cancer: insights into energy pathways and therapeutic targets. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:203. [PMID: 39294640 PMCID: PMC11409553 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo significant metabolic reprogramming to support their rapid growth and survival. This study examines important metabolic pathways like glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, glutaminolysis, and lipid metabolism, focusing on how they are regulated and their contributions to the development of tumors. The interplay between oncogenes, tumor suppressors, epigenetic modifications, and the tumor microenvironment in modulating these pathways is examined. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting cancer metabolism, presenting inhibitors of glycolysis, glutaminolysis, the TCA cycle, fatty acid oxidation, LDH, and glucose transport, alongside emerging strategies targeting oxidative phosphorylation and lipid synthesis. Despite the promise, challenges such as metabolic plasticity and the need for combination therapies and robust biomarkers persist, underscoring the necessity for continued research in this dynamic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tufail
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can-Hua Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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176
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Peretz CAC, Kennedy VE, Walia A, Delley CL, Koh A, Tran E, Clark IC, Hayford CE, D'Amato C, Xue Y, Fontanez KM, May-Zhang AA, Smithers T, Agam Y, Wang Q, Dai HP, Roy R, Logan AC, Perl AE, Abate A, Olshen A, Smith CC. Multiomic single cell sequencing identifies stemlike nature of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8191. [PMID: 39294124 PMCID: PMC11411136 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite recent work linking mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) to certain genetic lesions, specific driver mutations remain undefined for a significant proportion of patients and no genetic subtype is predictive of clinical outcomes. Moreover, therapeutic strategy for MPAL remains unclear, and prognosis is overall poor. We performed multiomic single cell profiling of 14 newly diagnosed adult MPAL patients to characterize the inter- and intra-tumoral transcriptional, immunophenotypic, and genetic landscapes of MPAL. We show that neither genetic profile nor transcriptome reliably correlate with specific MPAL immunophenotypes. Despite this, we find that MPAL blasts express a shared stem cell-like transcriptional profile indicative of high differentiation potential. Patients with the highest differentiation potential demonstrate inferior survival in our dataset. A gene set score, MPAL95, derived from genes highly enriched in the most stem-like MPAL cells, is applicable to bulk RNA sequencing data and is predictive of survival in an independent patient cohort, suggesting a potential strategy for clinical risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl A C Peretz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa E Kennedy
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anushka Walia
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cyrille L Delley
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Koh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elaine Tran
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Iain C Clark
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Yi Xue
- Fluent Biosciences Inc., Watertown, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Yigal Agam
- Fluent Biosciences Inc., Watertown, MA, USA
| | - Qian Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ping Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ritu Roy
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aaron C Logan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexander E Perl
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam Abate
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam Olshen
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Catherine C Smith
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Han MM, Wang HT, Zhang HJ, Lu JT, Guo JL, Qiu LL, Zhang X, Wang XY, Wang TY, Jia YL. A novel dual-epigenetic inhibitor enhances recombinant monoclonal antibody expression in CHO cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:467. [PMID: 39292268 PMCID: PMC11411004 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13302-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation plays a central role in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. In particular, small molecule epigenetic modulators are key elements that can effectively influence gene expression by precisely regulating the epigenetic state of cells. To identify useful small-molecule regulators that enhance the expression of recombinant proteins in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, we examined a novel dual-HDAC/LSD1 inhibitor I-4 as a supplement for recombinant CHO cells. Treatment with 2 μM I-4 was most effective in increasing monoclonal antibody production. Despite cell cycle arrest at the G1/G0 phase, which inhibits cell growth, the addition of the inhibitor at 2 µM to monoclonal antibody-expressing CHO cell cultures resulted in a 1.94-fold increase in the maximal monoclonal antibody titer and a 2.43-fold increase in specific monoclonal antibody production. In addition, I-4 significantly increased the messenger RNA levels of the monoclonal antibody and histone H3 acetylation and methylation levels. We also investigated the effect on HDAC-related isoforms and found that interference with the HDAC5 gene increased the monoclonal antibody titer by 1.64-fold. The results of this work provide an effective method of using epigenetic regulatory strategies to enhance the expression of recombinant proteins in CHO cells. KEY POINTS: • HDAC/LSD1 dual-target small molecule inhibitor can increase the expression level of recombinant monoclonal antibodies in CHO cells. • By affecting the acetylation and methylation levels of histones in CHO cells and downregulating HDAC5, the production of recombinant monoclonal antibodies increased. • It provides an effective pathway for applying epigenetic regulation strategies to enhance the expression of recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Han
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Hai-Tong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Hui-Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Jia-Liang Guo
- Junji College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Le-Le Qiu
- School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Yin Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Tian-Yun Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
| | - Yan-Long Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
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178
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Meredith AM, Beeler-Marfisi J, Berke O, Mutsaers AJ, Bienzle D. Standardized bone marrow assessment, risk variables, and survival in dogs with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia. Vet Pathol 2024:3009858241277982. [PMID: 39291964 DOI: 10.1177/03009858241277982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are heterogeneous neoplasms of hematopoietic stem cells that are challenging to diagnose, differentiate, and prognosticate. Cytogenetic and mutational analyses are useful in humans but unavailable for dogs, where diagnosis and classification still rely largely on hematologic and morphologic assessment. The objectives of this study were to apply a classification scheme to myeloid neoplasms and to assess outcome in relation to predictor variables. Keyword search of a laboratory database, application of sequential exclusion criteria, and consensus from 3 reviewers yielded 70 cases of myeloid neoplasia with hematology results, and cytologic (11), histologic (14), or both (45) types of marrow specimens. Based on blast percentage and morphology, 42 cases were classified as MDS and 28 as AML. Dogs with MDS had significantly lower body weights, hemoglobin concentrations and blood blasts, and higher red blood cell size variability and platelet numbers than dogs with AML. Estimates of median survival using Kaplan-Meier curves for dogs with MDS and AML were 384 and 6 days, respectively (P < .001). The instantaneous risk of death for dogs with MDS was approximately 5× lower than that of dogs with AML. Significant predictor variables of survival were body weight, white blood cell count, platelet count, and percent blood blasts (P < .05). Hazard ratios (HRs) derived from best-fitting Cox regression models were 1.043, 0.998, and 1.061 for increased neutrophils, decreased platelets, and increased blood blasts, respectively. Findings from this study suggest that hematologic and morphologic variables are useful to predict outcomes in myeloid neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olaf Berke
- University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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179
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Sima H, Shao W. Advancements in the design and function of bispecific CAR-T cells targeting B Cell-Associated tumor antigens. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 142:113166. [PMID: 39298818 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Single-targeted CAR-T has exhibited notable success in treating B-cell tumors, effectively improving patient outcomes. However, the recurrence rate among patients remains above fifty percent, primarily attributed to antigen escape and the diminished immune persistence of CAR-T cells. Over recent years, there has been a surge of interest in bispecific CAR-T cell therapies, marked by an increasing number of research articles and clinical applications annually. This paper undertakes a comprehensive review of influential studies on the design of bispecific CAR-T in recent years, examining their impact on bispecific CAR-T efficacy concerning disease classification, targeted antigens, and CAR design. Notable distinctions in antigen targeting within B-ALL, NHL, and MM are explored, along with an analysis of how CAR scFv, transmembrane region, hinge region, and co-stimulatory region design influence Bi-CAR-T efficacy across different tumors. The summary provided aims to serve as a reference for designing novel and improved CAR-Ts, facilitating more efficient treatment for B-cell malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helin Sima
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenwei Shao
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Medical School of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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180
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Liu L, Soler J, Reckamp KL, Sankar K. Emerging Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10046. [PMID: 39337530 PMCID: PMC11432526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is responsible for a high burden of disease globally. Over the last two decades, the discovery of targetable oncogenic genomic alterations has revolutionized the treatment landscape for early-stage and advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). New molecular drivers continue to emerge as promising therapeutic targets, including KRAS non-G12C, RAF/MEK, HER3, Nectin-4, folate receptor alpha, ITGB6, and PRMT5. In this review, we summarize the emerging molecular targets with a potential clinical impact in advanced NSCLC, elaborating on their clinical characteristics and specific mechanisms and molecular pathways for which targeted treatments are currently available. Additionally, we present an aggregate of ongoing clinical trials investigating the available treatment options targeting such alterations, in addition to their current recruitment status and preliminary efficacy data. These advancements may guide further research endeavors and inform future treatment strategies to improve the management of and transform outcomes for patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Liu
- Samuel-Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Joshua Soler
- Riverside School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Karen L Reckamp
- Samuel-Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Kamya Sankar
- Samuel-Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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181
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Sartini S, Omholt L, Moatamed NA, Soragni A. Mutant p53 Misfolding and Aggregation Precedes Transformation into High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.17.612958. [PMID: 39345467 PMCID: PMC11430093 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.17.612958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (HG-SOC), the most prevalent and aggressive gynecological malignancy, is marked by ubiquitous loss of functional p53, largely due to point mutations that arise very early in carcinogenesis. These mutations often lead to p53 protein misfolding and subsequent aggregation, yet the alterations in intracellular p53 dynamics throughout ovarian cancer progression remain poorly understood. HG-SOC originates from the fallopian tube epithelium, with a well-documented stepwise progression beginning with early pre-malignant p53 signatures. These signatures represent largely normal cells that express and accumulate mutant p53, which then transform into benign serous tubal intraepithelial lesions (STIL), progress into late pre-malignant serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), and ultimately lead to HGSOC. Here, we show that the transition from folded, soluble to aggregated mutant p53 occurs during the malignant transformation of benign precursor lesions into HGSOC. We analyzed fallopian tube tissue collected from ten salpingo-oophorectomy cases and determined the proportion of cells carrying soluble versus mis-folded/mutant p53 through conformation-sensitive staining and quantification. Misfolded p53 protein, prone to aggregation, is present in STICs and HG-SOCs, but notably absent from preneoplastic lesions and surrounding healthy tissue. Overall, our results indicate that aggregation of mutant p53 is a structural defect that distinguishes preneoplastic early lesions from late premalignant and malignant ones, offering a potential treatment window for targeting p53 aggregation and halting ovarian cancer progression.
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182
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Zhang M, Kong J, Yin F, Shi J, Li J, Qiu Z, Yue B, Wang S, Sun N, Lin Q, Fu L, Wang X, Sun X, Gao Y, Jiang Y, Guo R. Optimizing CAR-T cell Culture: Differential effects of IL-2, IL-12, and IL-21 on CAR-T cells. Cytokine 2024; 184:156758. [PMID: 39299100 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy has demonstrated sustained clinical remission in numerous hematologic malignancies and has expanded to encompass solid tumors and autoimmune diseases. While progress is being made in establishing optimal culture conditions for CAR-T cells, the identification of the most effective cytokine for promoting their persistence in vitro remains elusive. METHODS Here, we employed scRNA-seq (single-cell RNA sequencing) analysis to investigate the potential alterations in biological processes within CAR-T cells following exposure to cytokines (IL-2, IL-12, and IL-21) and antigens. Transcriptomic changes in diverse CAR-T groups were compared following various treatments, with a focus on epigenetic modifications, metabolic shifts, cellular senescence, and exhaustion. RESULTS Our study reveals that CAR-T cells treated with antigen, IL-2, and IL-12 exhibit signs of exhaustion and senescence, whereas those treated with IL-21 do not display these characteristics. The activities of glycolysis and epigenetic changes were significantly increased by treatments with antigens, IL-2, and IL-12, while IL-21 treatment maintained the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of CAR-T cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that IL-21 may play a role in preventing senescence and could be utilized in combination with other strategies, such as IL-2 and IL-12, for CAR-T culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - JingJing Kong
- Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fanxiang Yin
- Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- Precision Medicine Center, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jin Li
- Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zan Qiu
- Precision Medicine Center, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Baohong Yue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuya Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Nannan Sun
- Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Quande Lin
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liyan Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xianlei Sun
- Basic Medical Research Center, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Yong Jiang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Rongqun Guo
- Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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183
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Chen B, Guo L, Wang L, Wu P, Zheng X, Tan C, Xie N, Sun X, Zhou M, Huang H, Hao N, Lei Y, Yan K, Wu D, Du Y. Leveraging cell death patterns to predict metastasis in prostate adenocarcinoma and targeting PTGDS for tumor suppression. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21680. [PMID: 39289451 PMCID: PMC11408614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72985-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of treatment failure in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD). Diverse programmed cell death (PCD) patterns play an important role in tumor metastasis and hold promise as predictive indicators for PRAD metastasis. Using the LASSO Cox regression method, we developed PCD score (PCDS) based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with PCD. Clinical correlation, external validation, functional enrichment analysis, mutation landscape analysis, tumor immune environment analysis, and immunotherapy analysis were conducted. The role of Prostaglandin D2 Synthase (PTGDS) in PRAD was examined through in vitro experiments, single-cell, and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. PCDS is elevated in patients with higher Gleason scores, higher T stage, biochemical recurrence (BCR), and higher prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Individuals with higher PCDS are prone to metastasis, metastasis after BCR, BCR, and castration resistance. Moreover, PRAD patients with low PCDS responded positively to immunotherapy. Random forest analysis and Mendelian randomization analysis identified PTGDS as the top gene associated with PRAD metastasis and in vitro experiments revealed that PTGDS was considerably downregulated in PRAD cells against normal prostate cells. Furthermore, the overexpression of PTGDS was found to suppress the migration, invasion, proliferationof DU145 and LNCaP cells. To sum up, PCDS may be a useful biomarker for forecasting the possibility of metastasis, recurrence, castration resistance, and the efficacy of immunotherapy in PRAD patients. Additionally, PTGDS was identified as a viable therapeutic target for the management of PRAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohong Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Peiqiang Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Congzhu Tan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Xie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyue Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haoxiang Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Hao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yangyang Lei
- Yan'an University, Yan'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Kun Yan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Dapeng Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yuefeng Du
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
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184
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Shanmuganathan N, Grigg A. A critical review of management of allogeneic transplant-eligible adults with Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2024. [PMID: 39289867 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in 20%-30% of adult patients contains the Philadelphia (Ph+) chromosome. Historically, Ph+ ALL denoted a markedly inferior outcome and long-term survival in the absence of an allograft was uncommon. However, the advent of targeted therapy directed against the BCR::ABL1 fusion protein with various tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has markedly improved the prognosis, resulting in a number of treatment controversies in allograft-eligible patients. Which is the best TKI to use in induction? What is the clinical relevance of the subdivision of Ph+ ALL into multilineage vs lymphoid types? Do all patients in first morphological complete remission (CR1) after induction and consolidation with chemotherapy/TKI require an allograft? If not, what risk factors predict a poor outcome without an allograft? Can chemotherapy-free approaches, such as blinatumomab in conjunction with more potent TKIs, obviate the need for an allograft in high-risk patients? What is the best strategy to deal with persistent or emerging minimal residual disease both pre- and post-transplant? Is maintenance TKI indicated in all patients post allograft? Can salvage therapy and a subsequent allograft cure patients who relapse after not being transplanted in CR1? This manuscript reviews the latest data influencing contemporary management and discusses these controversies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naranie Shanmuganathan
- Department of Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Grigg
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
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185
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Cai X, Padilla NT, Rosbe K, Tugizov SM. Breast milk induces the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages, promoting human cytomegalovirus infection. J Virol 2024; 98:e0117724. [PMID: 39194236 PMCID: PMC11406957 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01177-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus found in human breast milk that is frequently transmitted from HCMV-seropositive mothers to their infants during the postnatal period. Despite extensive research, the mechanisms underlying HCMV transmission from breast milk and the anatomical location at which virus transfer takes place remain unclear. Breast milk contains many uniquely differentiated macrophages that undergo specific morphological and functional modifications in the mammary gland during lactation. Although the existence of permissive HCMV infection in differentiated macrophages has been well-described, the role of breast milk in this process remains unknown. Herein, we report that exposure of isolated peripheral blood monocytes to breast milk induces their differentiation into macrophages that exhibit an M2 phenotype (CD14highCD163highCD68highCD206high) and promotes a productive and sustained HCMV infection. We also found that breast milk triggers macrophage proliferation and thus sustains a unique population of proliferating, long-lived, and HCMV-susceptible macrophages that are capable of ongoing production of infectious virions. These results suggest a mechanism that explains chronic HCMV shedding into the breast milk of postpartum seropositive mothers. We also found that HCMV virions released from breast milk-induced macrophages generate a productive infection in primary infant tonsil epithelial cells. Collectively, our results suggest that breast milk may facilitate HCMV transmission from mother to infant via the oropharyngeal mucosa. IMPORTANCE While human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is frequently detected in the breast milk of HCMV-seropositive women and is often transmitted to infants via breastfeeding, the mechanisms by which this transmission occurs remain unclear. In this study, we modeled HCMV transmission at the oropharyngeal mucosa. We treated human monocytes with breast milk to mimic the lactating mammary gland microenvironment. We found that monocytes differentiated into macrophages with an M2 phenotype, which were highly permissive for HCMV. We also discovered that breast milk induces macrophage proliferation. Thus, exposure to breast milk increased the number of HCMV-susceptible macrophages and supported high levels of infectious HCMV. We found that HCMV virions released from breast milk-induced macrophages could infect primary infant tonsil epithelial cells. Collectively, these findings reveal the dual role of breast milk that induces the differentiation and proliferation of macrophages in the mammary gland and thus facilitates mother-to-child HCMV transmission at the oropharyngeal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Cai
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nicole T Padilla
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kristina Rosbe
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sharof M Tugizov
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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186
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Chen Z, Jia X, Wang Z, Cai Y, Xu A, Han C, Cheng S, Liu M. TRIB3 knockdown increases the sensitivity of clear cell renal cell carcinoma to sunitinib by inducing ferroptosis. Cell Signal 2024; 124:111421. [PMID: 39299601 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Sunitinib resistance presents a significant challenge in the treatment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The role of TRIB3, a newly identified oncogene, in tumor drug resistance has been widely studied. However, the mechanism by which TRIB3 contributes to sunitinib resistance in ccRCC has not been previously explored. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism through which TRIB3 regulates ferroptosis to increase the susceptibility of ccRCC to sunitinib treatment. Bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation revealed that TRIB3 is significantly upregulated in ccRCC tissues and is associated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of TRIB3 using siRNA transfection inhibited the proliferation and migration of ccRCC cells and induced ferroptosis. Following sunitinib treatment, TRIB3 knockdown increased cell sensitivity to sunitinib, enhanced the suppressive impact of sunitinib, and augmented sunitinib-induced ferroptosis. This study demonstrated that TRIB3 knockdown induces ferroptosis by targeting the SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway and enhances therapeutic efficacy of sunitinib for ccRCC, providing new insights and potential strategies to overcome the challenge of sunitinib resistance in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Xing Jia
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Zhou Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Yuesong Cai
- College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - An Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Chengtao Han
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Sheng Cheng
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China.
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187
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Marabi PM, Musyoki SK, Monari F, Kosiyo PM, Ouma C. Association between coagulation indicators and menorrhagia among women in Kenya. Afr J Lab Med 2024; 13:2438. [PMID: 39364033 PMCID: PMC11447587 DOI: 10.4102/ajlm.v13i1.2438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the significant burden of menorrhagia (bleeding > 80 mL every menstrual cycle) among women in Western Kenya, it remains unknown whether coagulation disorders are an important underlying cause of this condition in the region. Objective This study assessed differences in coagulation profiles, associations between menorrhagia and coagulation profiles and compared morphological features of platelets among women attending Bungoma County Referral Hospital in Kenya. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study of women with and without menorrhagia, aged 18-45 years, was performed between December 2022 and September 2023. Sociodemographic factors, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen, international normalised ratio (INR), and platelet count were compared between groups, and associations with menorrhagia were assessed. Prothrombin time and INR levels above normal references were deemed increased. Results A total of 428 (214 per group) women were included. Family history of bleeding disorders (p < 0.0001) was more frequent in menorrhagic than in non-menorrhagic women. Additionally, menorrhagic women had high PT (p < 0.0001) and high INR (p < 0.0001) levels. Menorrhagia was significantly associated with an increased PT (odds ratio = 2.129, 95% confidence interval = 1.658-2.734; p < 0.0001) and increased INR (odds ratio = 7.479, 95% confidence interval = 3.094-18.080; p < 0.0001). Conclusion In this population in Western Kenya, menorrhagia was associated with a family history of bleeding disorders, increased PT, and increased INR. Routine assessment of the coagulation profile and family history of bleeding disorders is crucial for diagnosing and managing menorrhagia. What this study adds Our findings suggest that menorrhagic and non-menorrhagic women differ in terms of PT and INR, which may be predictive of menorrhagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phidelis M Marabi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Stanslaus K Musyoki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Eastern Kenya University, Kitui, Kenya
| | - Fred Monari
- Department of Mathematics and Actuarial Science, Faculty of Pure Applied Sciences, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya
| | - Paul M Kosiyo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Collins Ouma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
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188
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Li C, Niu Y, Chen J, Geng S, Wu P, Dai L, Dong C, Liu R, Shi Y, Wang X, Gao Z, Liu X, Yang X, Gao S. Plexin D1 negatively regulates macrophage-derived foam cell migration via the focal adhesion kinase/Paxillin pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 725:150236. [PMID: 38897039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage-derived foam cell formation is a hallmark of atherosclerosis and is retained during plaque formation. Strategies to inhibit the accumulation of these cells hold promise as viable options for treating atherosclerosis. Plexin D1 (PLXND1), a member of the Plexin family, has elevated expression in atherosclerotic plaques and correlates with cell migration; however, its role in macrophages remains unclear. We hypothesize that the guidance receptor PLXND1 negatively regulating macrophage mobility to promote the progression of atherosclerosis. METHODS We utilized a mouse model of atherosclerosis based on a high-fat diet and an ox-LDL- induced foam cell model to assess PLXND1 levels and their impact on cell migration. Through western blotting, Transwell assays, and immunofluorescence staining, we explored the potential mechanism by which PLXND1 mediates foam cell motility in atherosclerosis. RESULTS Our study identifies a critical role for PLXND1 in atherosclerosis plaques and in a low-migration capacity foam cell model induced by ox-LDL. In the aortic sinus plaques of ApoE-/- mice, immunofluorescence staining revealed significant upregulation of PLXND1 and Sema3E, with colocalization in macrophages. In macrophages treated with ox-LDL, increased expression of PLXND1 led to reduced pseudopodia formation and decreased migratory capacity. PLXND1 is involved in regulating macrophage migration by modulating the phosphorylation levels of FAK/Paxillin and downstream CDC42/PAK. Additionally, FAK inhibitors counteract the ox-LDL-induced migration suppression by modulating the phosphorylation states of FAK, Paxillin and their downstream effectors CDC42 and PAK. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that PLXND1 plays a role in regulating macrophage migration by modulating the phosphorylation levels of FAK/Paxillin and downstream CDC42/PAK to promoting atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlei Li
- Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Yan Niu
- Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Shijia Geng
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Peng Wu
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Lina Dai
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Chongyang Dong
- Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Rujin Liu
- Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Yuanjia Shi
- Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Zhanfeng Gao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Xi Yang
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China.
| | - Shang Gao
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China.
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189
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Monabbati S, Khalighi S, Fu P, Shi Q, Asa SL, Madabhushi A. A novel computational pathology approach for identifying gene signatures prognostic of disease-free survival for papillary thyroid carcinomas. Eur J Cancer 2024; 212:114326. [PMID: 39307037 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most prevalent form of thyroid cancer, with the classical and follicular variants representing most cases. Despite generally favorable prognoses, approximately 10% of patients experience recurrence post-surgery and radioactive iodine therapy. Attempts to stratify risk of recurrence have relied on gene expression-based prognostic and predictive signatures with a focus on mutations of well-known driver genes, while hallmarks of tumor morphology have been ignored. OBJECTIVES We introduce a new computational pathology approach to develop prognostic gene signatures for PTC that is informed by quantitative features of tumor and immune cell morphology. METHODS We quantified nuclear and immune-related features of tumor morphology to develop a pathomic signature, which was then used to inform an RNA-expression signature model provides a notable advancement in risk stratification compared to both standalone and pathology-informed gene-expression signatures. RESULTS There was a 17.8% improvement in the C-index (from 0.605 to 0.783) for 123 cPTCs and 15% (from 0.576 to 0.726) for 38 fvPTCs compared to the standalone gene-expression signature. Hazard ratios also improved for cPTCs from 0.89 (0.67,0.99) to 4.43 (3.65,6.68) and fvPTC from 0.98 (0.76,1.32) to 2.28 (1.87,3.64). We validated the image-based risk model on an independent cohort of 32 cPTCs with hazard ratio 1.8 (1.534,2.167).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Monabbati
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, OH, United States
| | - Sirvan Khalighi
- Wallace H. Coulter Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Pingfu Fu
- Dept. of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, OH, United States
| | - Qiuying Shi
- Dept. of Pathology, Emory University Hospital Midtown, Atlanta GA, United States
| | - Sylvia L Asa
- Dept. of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, OH, United States
| | - Anant Madabhushi
- Wallace H. Coulter Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, GA, United States.
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190
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Zorovich M, Khatib J, Mubeen A, Gardner K, Patel N. Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma: a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and management. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024:10.1007/s00261-024-04553-9. [PMID: 39287629 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-024-04553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
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191
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Bohacova P, Terekhova M, Tsurinov P, Mullins R, Husarcikova K, Shchukina I, Antonova AU, Echalar B, Kossl J, Saidu A, Francis T, Mannie C, Arthur L, Harridge SDR, Kreisel D, Mudd PA, Taylor AM, McNamara CA, Cella M, Puram SV, van den Broek T, van Wijk F, Eghtesady P, Artyomov MN. Multidimensional profiling of human T cells reveals high CD38 expression, marking recent thymic emigrants and age-related naive T cell remodeling. Immunity 2024:S1074-7613(24)00418-7. [PMID: 39321807 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Thymic involution is a key factor in human immune aging, leading to reduced thymic output and a decline in recent thymic emigrant (RTE) naive T cells in circulation. Currently, the precise definition of human RTEs and their corresponding cell surface markers lacks clarity. Analysis of single-cell RNA-seq/ATAC-seq data distinguished RTEs by the expression of SOX4, IKZF2, and TOX and CD38 protein, whereby surface CD38hi expression universally identified CD8+ and CD4+ RTEs. We further determined the dynamics of RTEs and mature cells in a cohort of 158 individuals, including age-associated transcriptional reprogramming and shifts in cytokine production. Spectral cytometry profiling revealed two axes of aging common to naive CD8+ and CD4+ T cells: (1) a decrease in CD38++ cells (RTEs) and (2) an increase in CXCR3hi cells. Identification of RTEs enables direct assessment of thymic health. Furthermore, resolving the dynamics of naive T cell remodeling yields insight into vaccination and infection responsiveness throughout aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Bohacova
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Marina Terekhova
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Riley Mullins
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kamila Husarcikova
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Irina Shchukina
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alina Ulezko Antonova
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Barbora Echalar
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jan Kossl
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Adam Saidu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Thomas Francis
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Chelsea Mannie
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Laura Arthur
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Stephen D R Harridge
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Daniel Kreisel
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Philip A Mudd
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology & Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Vaccines and Immunity to Microbial Pathogens, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Angela M Taylor
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Coleen A McNamara
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Marina Cella
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sidharth V Puram
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Rob Ebert and Greg Stubblefield Head and Neck Tumor Center at Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Theo van den Broek
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CX, the Netherlands
| | - Femke van Wijk
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CX, the Netherlands
| | - Pirooz Eghtesady
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Maxim N Artyomov
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Dadfar S, Yazdanpanah E, Pazoki A, Nemati MH, Eslami M, Haghmorad D, Oksenych V. The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Modulating Adaptive Immune Responses in Multiple Sclerosis. Cells 2024; 13:1556. [PMID: 39329740 PMCID: PMC11430382 DOI: 10.3390/cells13181556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, leading to significant disability through neurodegeneration. Despite advances in the understanding of MS pathophysiology, effective treatments remain limited. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained attention as a potential therapeutic option due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. This review examines MS pathogenesis, emphasizing the role of immune cells, particularly T cells, in disease progression, and explores MSCs' therapeutic potential. Although preclinical studies in animal models show MSC efficacy, challenges such as donor variability, culture conditions, migratory capacity, and immunological compatibility hinder widespread clinical adoption. Strategies like genetic modification, optimized delivery methods, and advanced manufacturing are critical to overcoming these obstacles. Further research is needed to validate MSCs' clinical application in MS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Dadfar
- Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35147-99442, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35147-99442, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Yazdanpanah
- Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35147-99442, Iran
| | - Alireza Pazoki
- Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35147-99442, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35147-99442, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nemati
- Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35147-99442, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35147-99442, Iran
| | - Majid Eslami
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35147-99442, Iran
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35147-99442, Iran
| | - Dariush Haghmorad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35147-99442, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35147-99442, Iran
| | - Valentyn Oksenych
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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Liu Y, Wu Y, Li Z, Wan D, Pan J. Targeted Drug Delivery Strategies for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Molecules 2024; 29:4405. [PMID: 39339402 PMCID: PMC11434448 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29184405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors, exhibiting a high incidence rate that presents a substantial threat to human health. The use of sorafenib and lenvatinib, commonly employed as single-agent targeted inhibitors, complicates the treatment process due to the absence of definitive targeting. Nevertheless, the advent of nanotechnology has injected new optimism into the domain of liver cancer therapy. Nanocarriers equipped with active targeting or passive targeting mechanisms have demonstrated the capability to deliver drugs to tumor cells with high efficiency. This approach not only facilitates precise delivery to the affected site but also enables targeted drug release, thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy. As medical technology progresses, there is an increasing call for innovative treatment modalities, including novel chemotherapeutic agents, gene therapy, phototherapy, immunotherapy, and combinatorial treatments for HCC. These emerging therapies are anticipated to yield improved clinical outcomes for patients, while minimizing systemic toxicity and adverse effects. Consequently, the application of nanotechnology is poised to significantly improve HCC treatment. This review focused on targeted strategies for HCC and the application of nanotechnology in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Liu
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Y.L.)
| | - Yanan Wu
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Y.L.)
| | - Zijian Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Dong Wan
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Y.L.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jie Pan
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Y.L.)
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194
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Wen J, Liu D, Zhu H, Shu K. Microenvironmental regulation of tumor-associated neutrophils in malignant glioma: from mechanism to therapy. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:226. [PMID: 39285276 PMCID: PMC11406851 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03222-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor in adults, with high incidence, recurrence, and mortality rates. Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) are essential components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in glioma and play a crucial role in glioma cell proliferation, invasion and proneural-mesenchymal transition. Besides the interactions between TANs and tumor cells, the multi-dimensional crosstalk between TANs and other components within TME have been reported to participate in glioma progression. More importantly, several therapies targeting TANs have been developed and relevant preclinical and clinical studies have been conducted in cancer therapy. In this review, we introduce the origin of TANs and the functions of TANs in malignant behaviors of glioma, highlighting the microenvironmental regulation of TANs. Moreover, we focus on summarizing the TANs-targeted methods in cancer therapy, aiming to provide insights into the mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities of TANs in the malignant glioma microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongtao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Kai Shu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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195
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Wu Z, Guo Y, Qu L, Wang X, Zhang H. Development and validation of a prognostic signature of breast cancer based on drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME)-related genes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21619. [PMID: 39284852 PMCID: PMC11405771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72635-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The individual variation of carcinogenesis and drug response is influenced by the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs. The utilization of signatures derived from ADME-related genes holds potential for predicting prognosis and treatment response across diverse cancer types. Further investigation is required to completely understand the role of ADME-associated genes in breast cancer. A signature was constructed through the application of a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model, employing prognostic differentially expressed genes found in both cancer tissue and normal tissue. To assess the robustness of the signature, verification analyses were carried out. RT-qPCR was utilized for the validation of gene expression related to risk. Subsequently, a nomogram was developed to enhance the clinical utility of our prognostic tool. The ADME signature, comprising four genes, was established and exhibited a robust association with the prognoses of individuals diagnosed with breast cancer. The nomogram was created by fusing the clinicopathological characteristics with the ADME signature. The ADME signature demonstrated remarkable superiority when compared to the performance of the other individual predictors. Additionally, the analysis of the immune microenvironment revealed that the ImmuneScores of the low-risk group were elevated. The variation in both the infiltration of immune cells and the expression of immune-related genes in the tissues differed among the two groups. For patients with breast cancer, the utilization of ADME signatures as biomarkers presents a significant reference point for prognosis and individualized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixuan Wu
- The Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Cancer Biomarker Discovery and Translation, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Yangyang Guo
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Cancer Biomarker Discovery and Translation, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Liangchen Qu
- Emergency Department, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, 318000, China
| | - Xiaowu Wang
- Department of Burns and Skin Repair Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian, 325200, China
| | - Hewei Zhang
- The Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.
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196
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Decruyenaere P, Daneels W, Morlion A, Verniers K, Anckaert J, Tavernier J, Offner F, Vandesompele J. Characterizing the Cell-Free Transcriptome in a Humanized Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patient-Derived Tumor Xenograft Model for RNA-Based Liquid Biopsy in a Preclinical Setting. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9982. [PMID: 39337470 PMCID: PMC11432451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The potential of RNA-based liquid biopsy is increasingly being recognized in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This study explores the cell-free transcriptome in a humanized DLBCL patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) model. Blood plasma samples (n = 171) derived from a DLBCL PDTX model, including 27 humanized (HIS) PDTX, 8 HIS non-PDTX, and 21 non-HIS PDTX non-obese diabetic (NOD)-scid IL2Rgnull (NSG) mice were collected during humanization, xenografting, treatment, and sacrifice. The mice were treated with either rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP), CD20-targeted human IFNα2-based AcTaferon combined with CHOP (huCD20-Fc-AFN-CHOP), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). RNA was extracted using the miRNeasy serum/plasma kit and sequenced on the NovaSeq 6000 platform. RNA sequencing data of the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue and blood plasma samples of the original patient were included. Flow cytometry was performed on immune cells isolated from whole blood, spleen, and bone marrow. Bulk deconvolution was performed using the Tabula Sapiens v1 basis matrix. Both R-CHOP and huCD20-Fc-AFN-CHOP were able to control tumor growth in most mice. Xenograft tumor volume was strongly associated with circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA) concentration (p < 0.001, R = 0.89), as well as with the number of detected human genes (p < 0.001, R = 0.79). Abundance analysis identified tumor-specific biomarkers that were dynamically tracked during tumor growth or treatment. An 8-gene signature demonstrated high accuracy for assessing therapy response (AUC 0.92). The tumoral gene detectability in the ctRNA of the PDTX-derived plasma was associated with RNA abundance levels in the patient's tumor tissue and blood plasma (p < 0.001), confirming that tumoral gene abundance contributes to the cell-free RNA (cfRNA) profile. Decomposing the transcriptome, however, revealed high inter- and intra-mouse variability, which was lower in the HIS PDTX mice, indicating an impact of human engraftment on the stability and profile of cfRNA. Immunochemotherapy resulted in B cell depletion, and tumor clearance was reflected by a decrease in the fraction of human CD45+ cells. Lastly, bulk deconvolution provided complementary biological insights into the composition of the tumor and circulating immune system. In conclusion, the blood plasma-derived transcriptome serves as a biomarker source in a preclinical PDTX model, enables the assessment of biological pathways, and enhances the understanding of cfRNA dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Decruyenaere
- Department of Hematology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Willem Daneels
- Department of Hematology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annelien Morlion
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kimberly Verniers
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jasper Anckaert
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Tavernier
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Orionis Biosciences B.V., 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Fritz Offner
- Department of Hematology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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197
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Yao W, Hu X, Wang X. Crossing epigenetic frontiers: the intersection of novel histone modifications and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:232. [PMID: 39278916 PMCID: PMC11403012 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01918-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone post-translational modifications (HPTMs), as one of the core mechanisms of epigenetic regulation, are garnering increasing attention due to their close association with the onset and progression of diseases and their potential as targeted therapeutic agents. Advances in high-throughput molecular tools and the abundance of bioinformatics data have led to the discovery of novel HPTMs which similarly affect gene expression, metabolism, and chromatin structure. Furthermore, a growing body of research has demonstrated that novel histone modifications also play crucial roles in the development and progression of various diseases, including various cancers, cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases, psychiatric disorders, and reproductive system diseases. This review defines nine novel histone modifications: lactylation, citrullination, crotonylation, succinylation, SUMOylation, propionylation, butyrylation, 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation, and 2-hydroxybutyrylation. It comprehensively introduces the modification processes of these nine novel HPTMs, their roles in transcription, replication, DNA repair and recombination, metabolism, and chromatin structure, as well as their involvement in promoting the occurrence and development of various diseases and their clinical applications as therapeutic targets and potential biomarkers. Moreover, this review provides a detailed overview of novel HPTM inhibitors targeting various targets and their emerging strategies in the treatment of multiple diseases while offering insights into their future development prospects and challenges. Additionally, we briefly introduce novel epigenetic research techniques and their applications in the field of novel HPTM research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Yao
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Xinting Hu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
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198
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Kannan S, Vedia RA, Molldrem JJ. The immunobiology of myelodysplastic neoplasms: a mini-review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1419807. [PMID: 39355256 PMCID: PMC11443505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1419807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This mini review summarizes the immunobiology of myelodysplastic syndromes, specifically focusing on the interactions between immune cells, cytokines, and dysplastic cells within the tumor microenvironment in the bone marrow. We elucidate in detail how immune dysregulation and evasion influence the initiation and progression of myelodysplastic syndromes, as well as resistance to therapy and progression to AML. In addition, we highlight a range of therapeutic strategies, including the most recent breakthroughs and experimental therapies for treating MDS. Finally, we address the existing knowledge gaps in the understanding of the immunobiology of MDS and propose future research directions, promising advancements toward enhancing clinical outcomes and survival for patients with MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Kannan
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rolando A Vedia
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jeffrey J Molldrem
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Evolution of Cancer, Leukemia, and Immunity Post Stem cEll transplant (ECLIPSE), Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Division of Cancer Medicine, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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199
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Zhuang X, Yin Q, Yang R, Man X, Wang R, Geng H, Shi Y. Causal pathways in lymphoid leukemia: the gut microbiota, immune cells, and serum metabolites. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1437869. [PMID: 39351228 PMCID: PMC11439652 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1437869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and lymphoid leukemia, further exploring the causal relationships among immune cells, lymphoid leukemia, and potential metabolic mediators. Methods We utilized data from the largest genome-wide association studies to date, encompassing 418 species of gut microbiota, 713 types of immune cells, and 1,400 serum metabolites as exposures. Summary statistics for lymphoid leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were obtained from the FinnGen database. We performed bidirectional Mendelian analyses to explore the causal relationships among the gut microbiota, immune cells, serum metabolites, and lymphoid leukemia. Additionally, we conducted a two-step mediation analysis to identify potential intermediary metabolites between immune cells and lymphoid leukemia. Results Several gut microbiota were found to have causal relationships with lymphoid leukemia, ALL, and CLL, particularly within the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla. In the two-step MR analysis, various steroid hormone metabolites (such as DHEAS, pregnenolone sulfateprogestogen derivatives, and androstenediol-related compounds) were identified as potential intermediary metabolites between lymphoid leukemia and immune cells. In ALL, the causal relationship between 1-palmitoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-GPE (16:0/22:6) and ALL was mediated by CD62L-plasmacytoid DC%DC (mediated proportion=-2.84%, P=0.020). In CLL, the causal relationship between N6,n6,n6-trimethyllysine and CLL was mediated by HLA DR+ CD8br AC (mediated proportion=4.07%, P=0.021). Conclusion This MR study provides evidence supporting specific causal relationships between the gut microbiota and lymphoid leukemia, as well as between certain immune cells and lymphoid leukemia with potential intermediary metabolites.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphoid/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphoid/etiology
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Mendelian Randomization Analysis
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/immunology
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/microbiology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/microbiology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/blood
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhuang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qingning Yin
- Department of Vice President, Qinghai Province Women and Children’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Man
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruochen Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui Geng
- Department of Vice President, Qinghai Province Women and Children’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Yifen Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Vice President, Qinghai Province Women and Children’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center For Hematological Disorders, Wenzhou, China
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Gao H, Nepovimova E, Adam V, Heger Z, Valko M, Wu Q, Kuca K. Age-associated changes in innate and adaptive immunity: role of the gut microbiota. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1421062. [PMID: 39351234 PMCID: PMC11439693 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1421062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is generally regarded as an irreversible process, and its intricate relationship with the immune system has garnered significant attention due to its profound implications for the health and well-being of the aging population. As people age, a multitude of alterations occur within the immune system, affecting both innate and adaptive immunity. In the realm of innate immunity, aging brings about changes in the number and function of various immune cells, including neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages. Additionally, certain immune pathways, like the cGAS-STING, become activated. These alterations can potentially result in telomere damage, the disruption of cytokine signaling, and impaired recognition of pathogens. The adaptive immune system, too, undergoes a myriad of changes as age advances. These include shifts in the number, frequency, subtype, and function of T cells and B cells. Furthermore, the human gut microbiota undergoes dynamic changes as a part of the aging process. Notably, the interplay between immune changes and gut microbiota highlights the gut's role in modulating immune responses and maintaining immune homeostasis. The gut microbiota of centenarians exhibits characteristics akin to those found in young individuals, setting it apart from the microbiota observed in typical elderly individuals. This review delves into the current understanding of how aging impacts the immune system and suggests potential strategies for reversing aging through interventions in immune factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Gao
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
- Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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