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Wang X, Kuang W, Ding J, Li J, Ji M, Chen W, Shen H, Shi Z, Wang D, Wang L, Yang P. Systematic Identification of the RNA-Binding Protein STAU2 as a Key Regulator of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153629. [PMID: 35892886 PMCID: PMC9367319 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the most common tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and is difficult to diagnose and treat due to tumor heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. RNA-binding proteins have been studied and their dysregulation has been found to play a key role in altering RNA metabolism in various malignancies. STAU2 is one of them. To investigate the role of STAU2 in PAAD, we monitored the signaling pathway by regulating substrate mRNA and experimentally confirmed that STAU2 is the most potential biomarker for the occurrence and development of PAAD. Furthermore, we found that high expression of STAU2 not only contributes to immune evasion but also correlates with sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, suggesting that STAU2 may be a potential target for combined natural therapy. These results demonstrate that STAU2 is a novel prognostic and diagnostic biomarker for PAAD, revealing STAU2′s utility in cancer therapy and drug development. Abstract Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a highly aggressive cancer. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate highly dynamic post-transcriptional processes and perform very important biological functions. Although over 1900 RBPs have been identified, most are considered markers of tumor progression, and further information on their general role in PAAD is not known. Here, we report a bioinformatics analysis that identified five hub RBPs and produced a high-value prognostic model based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) datasets. Among these, the prognostic signature of the double-stranded RNA binding protein Staufen double-stranded RNA (STAU2) was identified. Firstly, we found that it is a highly expressed critical regulator of PAAD associated with poor clinical outcomes. Accordingly, the knockdown of STAU2 led to a profound decrease in PAAD cell growth, migration, and invasion and induced apoptosis of PAAD cells. Furthermore, through multiple omics analyses, we identified the key target genes of STAU2: Palladin cytoskeletal associated protein (PALLD), Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (HNRNPU), SERPINE1 mRNA Binding Protein 1 (SERBP1), and DEAD-box polypeptide 3, X-Linked (DDX3X). Finally, we found that a high expression level of STAU2 not only helps PAAD evade the immune response but is also related to chemotherapy drug sensitivity, which implies that STAU2 could serve as a potential target for combinatorial therapy. These findings uncovered a novel role for STAU2 in PAAD aggression and resistance, suggesting that it probably represents a novel therapeutic and drug development target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.K.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (W.C.); (H.S.); (Z.S.); (D.W.); (L.W.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (P.Y.); Tel.: +86-13681986682 (P.Y.)
| | - Wenbin Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.K.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (W.C.); (H.S.); (Z.S.); (D.W.); (L.W.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jiayu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.K.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (W.C.); (H.S.); (Z.S.); (D.W.); (L.W.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jiaxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.K.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (W.C.); (H.S.); (Z.S.); (D.W.); (L.W.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Minghui Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.K.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (W.C.); (H.S.); (Z.S.); (D.W.); (L.W.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Weijiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.K.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (W.C.); (H.S.); (Z.S.); (D.W.); (L.W.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.K.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (W.C.); (H.S.); (Z.S.); (D.W.); (L.W.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhongrui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.K.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (W.C.); (H.S.); (Z.S.); (D.W.); (L.W.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.K.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (W.C.); (H.S.); (Z.S.); (D.W.); (L.W.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.K.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (W.C.); (H.S.); (Z.S.); (D.W.); (L.W.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Peng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.K.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (W.C.); (H.S.); (Z.S.); (D.W.); (L.W.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (P.Y.); Tel.: +86-13681986682 (P.Y.)
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202
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Potential of Black Phosphorus in Immune-Based Therapeutic Strategies. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:3790097. [PMID: 35859703 PMCID: PMC9293569 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3790097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) consists of phosphorus atoms, an essential element of bone and nucleic acid, which covalently bonds to three adjacent phosphorus atoms to form a puckered bilayer structure. With its anisotropy, band gap, biodegradability, and biocompatibility properties, BP is considered promising for cancer therapy. For example, BP under irradiation can convert near-infrared (NIR) light into heat and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to damage cancer cells, called photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Compared with PTT and PDT, the novel techniques of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and photoacoustic therapy (PAT) exhibit amplified ROS generation and precise photoacoustic-shockwaves to enhance anticancer effect when BP receives ultrasound or NIR irradiation. Based on the prospective phototherapy, BP with irradiation can cause a “double-kill” to tumor cells, involving tumor-structure damage induced by heat, ROS, and shockwaves and a subsequent anticancer immune response induced by in situ vaccines construction in tumor site, which is referred to as photoimmunotherapy (PIT). In conclusion, BP shows promise in natural antitumor biological activity, biological imaging, drug delivery, PTT/PDT/SDT/PAT/PIT, nanovaccines, nanoadjuvants, and combination immunotherapy regimens.
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203
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Kurz E, Hirsch CA, Dalton T, Shadaloey SA, Khodadadi-Jamayran A, Miller G, Pareek S, Rajaei H, Mohindroo C, Baydogan S, Ngo-Huang A, Parker N, Katz MHG, Petzel M, Vucic E, McAllister F, Schadler K, Winograd R, Bar-Sagi D. Exercise-induced engagement of the IL-15/IL-15Rα axis promotes anti-tumor immunity in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:720-737.e5. [PMID: 35660135 PMCID: PMC9280705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic exercise is associated with decreased cancer incidence and cancer-associated mortality. However, little is known about the effects of exercise on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), a disease for which current therapeutic options are limited. Herein, we show that aerobic exercise reduces PDA tumor growth, by modulating systemic and intra-tumoral immunity. Mechanistically, exercise promotes immune mobilization and accumulation of tumor-infiltrating IL15Rα+ CD8 T cells, which are responsible for the tumor-protective effects. In clinical samples, an exercise-dependent increase of intra-tumoral CD8 T cells is also observed. Underscoring the translational potential of the interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15Rα axis, IL-15 super-agonist (NIZ985) treatment attenuates tumor growth, prolongs survival, and enhances sensitivity to chemotherapy. Finally, exercise or NIZ985 both sensitize pancreatic tumors to αPD-1, with improved anti-tumor and survival benefits. Collectively, our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of an exercise-oncology axis and identify IL-15 activation as a promising treatment strategy for this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Kurz
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1(st) Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Carolina Alcantara Hirsch
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1(st) Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1(st) Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Tanner Dalton
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sorin Alberto Shadaloey
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1(st) Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alireza Khodadadi-Jamayran
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratory, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 227 East 30(th) St., New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - George Miller
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Health New England, 56 Franklin St., Waterbury, CT 06706, USA
| | - Sumedha Pareek
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hajar Rajaei
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chirayu Mohindroo
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Seyda Baydogan
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - An Ngo-Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nathan Parker
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffit Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Matthew H G Katz
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maria Petzel
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Emily Vucic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1(st) Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Florencia McAllister
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA; Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston TX, 77030, USA
| | - Keri Schadler
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rafael Winograd
- Permultter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, 160 East 34(th) St., New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dafna Bar-Sagi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1(st) Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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204
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Wang W, McMillan MT, Zhao X, Wang Z, Jiang L, Karnak D, Lima F, Parsels JD, Parsels LA, Lawrence TS, Frankel TL, Morgan MA, Green MD, Zhang Q. DNA-PK Inhibition and Radiation Promote Antitumoral Immunity through RNA Polymerase III in Pancreatic Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:1137-1150. [PMID: 35348737 PMCID: PMC9262824 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Targeting the DNA damage response in combination with radiation enhances type I interferon (T1IFN)-driven innate immune signaling. It is not understood, however, whether DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), the kinase critical for repairing the majority of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks in cancer cells, is immunomodulatory. We show that combining radiation with DNA-PK inhibition increases cytosolic double-stranded DNA and tumoral T1IFN signaling in a cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)- and stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-independent, but an RNA polymerase III (POL III), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), and antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS)-dependent manner. Although DNA-PK inhibition and radiation also promote programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, the use of anti-PD-L1 in combination with radiation and DNA-PK inhibitor potentiates antitumor immunity in pancreatic cancer models. Our findings demonstrate a novel mechanism for the antitumoral immune effects of DNA-PK inhibitor and radiation that leads to increased sensitivity to anti-PD-L1 in poorly immunogenic pancreatic cancers. IMPLICATIONS Our work nominates a novel therapeutic strategy as well as its cellular mechanisms pertinent for future clinical trials combining M3814, radiation, and anti-PD-L1 antibody in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Matthew T. McMillan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Zhuwen Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Long Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David Karnak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Fatima Lima
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Joshua D. Parsels
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Leslie A. Parsels
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Theodore S. Lawrence
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Timothy L Frankel
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Meredith A. Morgan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael D. Green
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Zhu L, Mao H, Yang L. Advanced iron oxide nanotheranostics for multimodal and precision treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1793. [PMID: 35396932 PMCID: PMC9373845 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite current advances in new approaches for cancer detection and treatment, pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal cancer types. Difficult to detect early, aggressive tumor biology, and resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy result in a poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients with a 5-year survival of 10%. With advances in cancer nanotechnology, new imaging and drug delivery approaches that allow the development of multifunctional nanotheranostic agents offer opportunities for improving pancreatic cancer treatment using precision oncology. In this review, we will introduce potential applications of innovative theranostic strategies to address major challenges in the treatment of pancreatic cancer at different disease stages. Several important issues concerning targeted delivery of theranostic nanoparticles and tumor stromal barriers are discussed. We then focus on the development of a magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle platform for multimodal therapy of pancreatic cancer, including MRI monitoring targeted nanoparticle/drug delivery, therapeutic response, and tumor re-staging, activation of tumor immune response by immunoactivating nanoparticle and magnetic hyperthermia therapy, and intraoperative interventions for improving the outcome of targeted therapy. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lily Yang
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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206
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Gao W, Wang X, Zhou Y, Wang X, Yu Y. Autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in tumor immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:196. [PMID: 35725836 PMCID: PMC9208265 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 159.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led to unprecedented breakthroughs in cancer treatment. However, the fact that many tumors respond poorly or even not to ICIs, partly caused by the absence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), significantly limits the application of ICIs. Converting these immune “cold” tumors into “hot” tumors that may respond to ICIs is an unsolved question in cancer immunotherapy. Since it is a general characteristic of cancers to resist apoptosis, induction of non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) is emerging as a new cancer treatment strategy. Recently, several studies have revealed the interaction between non-apoptotic RCD and antitumor immunity. Specifically, autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis exhibit synergistic antitumor immune responses while possibly exerting inhibitory effects on antitumor immune responses. Thus, targeted therapies (inducers or inhibitors) against autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in combination with immunotherapy may exert potent antitumor activity, even in tumors resistant to ICIs. This review summarizes the multilevel relationship between antitumor immunity and non-apoptotic RCD, including autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, and the potential targeting application of non-apoptotic RCD to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitong Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xueqian Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
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207
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Immunotherapy as a Therapeutic Strategy for Gastrointestinal Cancer-Current Treatment Options and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126664. [PMID: 35743107 PMCID: PMC9224428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer constitutes a highly lethal entity among malignancies in the last decades and is still a major challenge for cancer therapeutic options. Despite the current combinational treatment strategies, including chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and targeted therapies, the survival rates remain notably low for patients with advanced disease. A better knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that influence tumor progression and the development of optimal therapeutic strategies for GI malignancies are urgently needed. Currently, the development and the assessment of the efficacy of immunotherapeutic agents in GI cancer are in the spotlight of several clinical trials. Thus, several new modalities and combinational treatments with other anti-neoplastic agents have been identified and evaluated for their efficiency in cancer management, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell transfer, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, cancer vaccines, and/or combinations thereof. Understanding the interrelation among the tumor microenvironment, cancer progression, and immune resistance is pivotal for the optimal therapeutic management of all gastrointestinal solid tumors. This review will shed light on the recent advances and future directions of immunotherapy for malignant tumors of the GI system.
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208
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Jiang QY, Chen ZX, Zhang S, Xue RY. Future therapies for pancreatic carcinoma: Insights into cancer precision medicine. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:2523-2526. [PMID: 35979258 PMCID: PMC9258281 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i22.2523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic carcinoma (PC) has one of the highest rates of cancer-related death worldwide. Except for surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, and immunotherapy have shown various efficacies depending on the stage of the patient. We read the review “Current and emerging therapeutic strategies in pancreatic cancer: Challenges and opportunities” and offer some opinions that may improve its precision and completeness. This review presents a map of appropriate therapies for PC at different stages. Based on the clinical trial outcomes mentioned in the review, we evaluated the potential therapeutic options for PC and helped explain the contradictory efficacy between different programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 clinical trials, which may have resulted from the unique features of PC. Although R0 resection and adjuvant chemotherapy are still the gold standards for PC, new modalities, with or without clinical validation, are needed to establish more specific and precise treatments for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yu Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Xue Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Si Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ru-Yi Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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209
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Orexin A Suppresses the Expression of Exosomal PD-L1 in Colon Cancer and Promotes T Cell Activity by Inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:2173-2181. [PMID: 34097168 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer, ranked third in cancer related mortality, is the most common malignant cancer of digestive tract. Though immune checkpoint inhibitors show promising efficacy in colon cancer, a rather high unresponsive rate and recurrence rate requires further elucidation of the underlying regulatory mechanism of cancer-related immunity. AIMS To study the regulatory function of Orexin A in the expression of exosomal PD-L1 and T cell activity. METHODS Orthotopic colon cancer transplantation mice model were established to study the cancer growth and immune infiltration between Orexin A treated group and untreated group. In vitro studies using mouse CT-26 and human HCT-116 colon cancer cell model studied the effect of Orexin A on cellular and exosomal PD-L1 expression. Co-culturing Jurkat cells with exosomes delivered by cancer cells treated with Orexin A, PD-L1 knockdown and PBS studied different effects on T cell. Comparing Orexin A with WP1066, a JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor verified the mechanism of these changes. RESULTS The growth rate of orthotopic transplanted colon cancer was slower in Orexin A treated group, with lower PD-L1 expression and higher immune infiltration. Orexin A could inhibit cellular and exosomal PD-L1 expression. The decreased expression of PD-L1 in exosomes could promote the activity of Jurkat cells secreting higher level of IFN-γ and IL-2. Orexin A showed a similar effect like WP1066 which proved JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was its downstream signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Orexin A could suppress the expression of exosomal PD-L1 in colon cancer cells and promote T cells activity by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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210
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Huang X, Zhang G, Liang T. Subtyping for pancreatic cancer precision therapy. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:482-494. [PMID: 35400559 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cases of pancreatic cancer and associated deaths are increasing consistently and have become a global health concern. Prevalent intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity in pancreatic cancer has been revealed as an important cause of its poor prognosis. However, few precision management strategies have been formulated to treat this complex disease. There is growing evidence supporting the significance of subtyping pancreatic tumors on the basis of their molecular characteristics for improving the accuracy of clinical decision-making on treatment. Here, we summarize the current approaches to classification of pancreatic cancer, and highlight the feasibility and potential defects of their application in precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Gang Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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211
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Xie W, Li X, Yang C, Li J, Shen G, Chen H, Xiao SY, Li Y. The Pyroptosis-Related Gene Prognostic Index Associated with Tumor Immune Infiltration for Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6178. [PMID: 35682857 PMCID: PMC9180955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most fatal malignancies. Pyroptosis, a type of inflammatory cell death, likely plays a critical role in the development and progression of tumors. However, the relationship between pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) and prognosis and immunity to PC is not entirely clear. This study, aimed at identifying the key PRGs in PC, highlights their prognostic value, immune characteristics, and candidate drugs for therapies. We screened 47 differentially expressed PRGs between PC and normal pancreas tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) datasets. Afterwards, a pyroptosis-related gene prognostic index (PRGPI) was constructed based on eight PRGs (AIM2, GBP1, HMGB1, IL18, IRF6, NEK7, NLRP1 and PLCG1) selected by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO regression analysis, and verified in two external datasets from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. We found that the PC patients in the PRGPI-defined subgroups not only reflected significantly different levels of infiltration in a variety of immune cells, such as M1 macrophages, but also showed differential expression in genes of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) family and immune checkpoints. Additionally, molecular characteristics and drug sensitivity also stayed close to the PRGPI risk scores. Therefore, PRGPI may serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker and may potentially provide guidance toward novel therapeutic options for PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xie
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan 430000, China; (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (G.S.); (H.C.)
- Wuhan University Center for Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan 430000, China; (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (G.S.); (H.C.)
- Wuhan University Center for Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Chunxiu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan 430000, China; (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (G.S.); (H.C.)
- Wuhan University Center for Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan 430000, China; (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (G.S.); (H.C.)
- Wuhan University Center for Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Guoyan Shen
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan 430000, China; (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (G.S.); (H.C.)
- Wuhan University Center for Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Hongshan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan 430000, China; (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (G.S.); (H.C.)
- Wuhan University Center for Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Xiao
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yueying Li
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan 430000, China; (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (G.S.); (H.C.)
- Wuhan University Center for Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Wuhan 430000, China
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212
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You W, Ke J, Chen Y, Cai Z, Huang ZP, Hu P, Wu X. SQLE, A Key Enzyme in Cholesterol Metabolism, Correlates With Tumor Immune Infiltration and Immunotherapy Outcome of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864244. [PMID: 35720314 PMCID: PMC9204319 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a treatment-refractory cancer with poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that squalene epoxidase (SQLE) plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of several cancer types in humans. However, the function and underlying mechanism of SQLE in PAAD remain unclear. Methods SQLE expression data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Genotype-Tissue Expression database. SQLE alterations were demonstrated based on the cBioPortal database. The upstream miRNAs regulating SQLE expression were predicted using starBase. The function of miRNA was validated by Western blotting and cell proliferation assay. The relationship between SQLE expression and biomarkers of the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) was analyzed using the TIMER and TISIDB databases. The correlation between SQLE and immunotherapy outcomes was assessed using Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion. The log-rank test was performed to compare prognosis between the high and low SQLE groups. Results We demonstrated a potential oncogenic role of SQLE. SQLE expression was upregulated in PAAD, and it predicted poor disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with PAAD. "Amplification" was the dominant type of SQLE alteration. In addition, this alteration was closely associated with the OS, disease-specific survival, DFS, and progression-free survival of patients with PAAD. Subsequently, hsa-miR-363-3p was recognized as a critical microRNA regulating SQLE expression and thereby influencing PAAD patient outcome. In vitro experiments suggested that miR-363-3p could knock down the expression of SQLE and inhibit the proliferation of PANC-1. SQLE was significantly associated with tumor immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints (including PD-1 and CTLA-4), and biomarkers of the TME. KEGG and GO analyses indicated that cholesterol metabolism-associated RNA functions are implicated in the mechanisms of SQLE. SQLE was inversely associated with cytotoxic lymphocytes and predicted immunotherapy outcomes. Conclusions Collectively, our results indicate that cholesterol metabolism-related overexpression of SQLE is strongly correlated with tumor immune infiltration and immunotherapy outcomes in patients with PAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaojian Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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213
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Guan X, Sun L, Shen Y, Jin F, Bo X, Zhu C, Han X, Li X, Chen Y, Xu H, Yue W. Nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy synergizes with PD-L1 blockade to limit post-surgical cancer recurrence and metastasis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2834. [PMID: 35595770 PMCID: PMC9123179 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30543-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer recurrence after surgical resection (SR) is a considerable challenge, and the biological effect of SR on the tumor microenvironment (TME) that is pivotal in determining postsurgical treatment efficacy remains poorly understood. Here, with an experimental model, we demonstrate that the genomic landscape shaped by SR creates an immunosuppressive milieu characterized by hypoxia and high-influx of myeloid cells, fostering cancer progression and hindering PD-L1 blockade therapy. To address this issue, we engineer a radio-immunostimulant nanomedicine (IPI549@HMP) capable of targeting myeloid cells, and catalyzing endogenous H2O2 into O2 to achieve hypoxia-relieved radiotherapy (RT). The enhanced RT-mediated immunogenic effect results in postsurgical TME reprogramming and increased susceptibility to anti-PD-L1 therapy, which can suppress/eradicate locally residual and distant tumors, and elicits strong immune memory effects to resist tumor rechallenge. Our radioimmunotherapy points to a simple and effective therapeutic intervention against postsurgical cancer recurrence and metastasis. Tumor recurrence after surgical resection is associated with a poor clinical outcome. Here the authors design a manganese dioxide-based nanosystem to increase response to radio-immunotherapy by relieving tumor hypoxia and targeting myeloid cells, showing reduced post-surgical cancer recurrence and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guan
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Liping Sun
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Shen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Fengshan Jin
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowan Bo
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Zhu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Han
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Huixiong Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China. .,Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China. .,Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.
| | - Wenwen Yue
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China. .,Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China.
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Di Federico A, Mosca M, Pagani R, Carloni R, Frega G, De Giglio A, Rizzo A, Ricci D, Tavolari S, Di Marco M, Palloni A, Brandi G. Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer: Why Do We Keep Failing? A Focus on Tumor Immune Microenvironment, Predictive Biomarkers and Treatment Outcomes. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102429. [PMID: 35626033 PMCID: PMC9139656 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In pancreatic cancer, immunotherapy and targeted therapies have not brought about the therapeutic revolution that has been observed in other malignancies. Among the reasons to explain this difference is the possibly crucial role played by the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, which has unique features and is different from that of other neoplasms. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the distinctive tumor immune microenvironment of pancreatic cancer and to summarize existing data about the use of immunotherapy and immune biomarkers in this cancer. Abstract The advent of immunotherapy and targeted therapies has dramatically changed the outcomes of patients affected by many malignancies. Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains one the few tumors that is not treated with new generation therapies, as chemotherapy still represents the only effective therapeutic strategy in advanced-stage disease. Agents aiming to reactivate the host immune system against cancer cells, such as those targeting immune checkpoints, failed to demonstrate significant activity, despite the success of these treatments in other tumors. In many cases, the proportion of patients who derived benefits in early-phase trials was too small and unpredictable to justify larger studies. The population of PC patients with high microsatellite instability/mismatch repair deficiency is currently the only population that may benefit from immunotherapy; nevertheless, the prevalence of these alterations is too low to determine a real change in the treatment scenario of this tumor. The reasons for the unsuccess of immunotherapy may lie in the extremely peculiar tumor microenvironment, including distinctive immune composition and cross talk between different cells. These unique features may also explain why the biomarkers commonly used to predict immunotherapy efficacy in other tumors seem to be useless in PC. In the current paper, we provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review of immunotherapy in PC, from the analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment to immune biomarkers and treatment outcomes, with the aim to highlight that simply transferring the knowledge acquired on immunotherapy in other tumors might not be a successful strategy in patients affected by PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Di Federico
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (A.D.G.); (M.D.M.); (A.P.); (G.B.)
- Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Mirta Mosca
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (A.D.G.); (M.D.M.); (A.P.); (G.B.)
- Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Rachele Pagani
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (A.D.G.); (M.D.M.); (A.P.); (G.B.)
- Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Carloni
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (A.D.G.); (M.D.M.); (A.P.); (G.B.)
- Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Frega
- Osteoncology, Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas, and Innovative Therapies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Andrea De Giglio
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (A.D.G.); (M.D.M.); (A.P.); (G.B.)
- Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Rizzo
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Oncologia Medica per la Presa in Carico Globale del Paziente Oncologico “Don Tonino Bello”, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Dalia Ricci
- Departmental Unit of Medical Oncology, ASL BA, 20142 Milan, Italy;
| | - Simona Tavolari
- Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Mariacristina Di Marco
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (A.D.G.); (M.D.M.); (A.P.); (G.B.)
- Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Andrea Palloni
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (A.D.G.); (M.D.M.); (A.P.); (G.B.)
- Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Brandi
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (A.D.G.); (M.D.M.); (A.P.); (G.B.)
- Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
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215
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Liu Y, Shi M, He X, Cao Y, Liu P, Li F, Zou S, Wen C, Zhan Q, Xu Z, Wang J, Sun B, Shen B. LncRNA-PACERR induces pro-tumour macrophages via interacting with miR-671-3p and m6A-reader IGF2BP2 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:52. [PMID: 35526050 PMCID: PMC9077921 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01272-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND LncRNA-PACERR plays critical role in the polarization of tissue-associated macrophages (TAMs). In this study, we found the function and molecular mechanism of PACERR in TAMs to regulate pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) progression. METHODS We used qPCR to analyse the expression of PACERR in TAMs and M1-tissue-resident macrophages (M1-NTRMs) which were isolated from 46 PDAC tissues. The function of PACERR on macrophages polarization and PDAC proliferation, migration and invasion were confirmed through in vivo and in vitro assays. The molecular mechanism of PACERR was discussed via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), RNA pull-down, ChIP-qPCR, RIP-qPCR and luciferase assays. RESULTS LncRNA-PACERR was high expression in TAMs and associated with poor prognosis in PDAC patients. Our finding validated that LncRNA-PACERR increased the number of M2-polarized cells and facilized cell proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LncRNA-PACERR activate KLF12/p-AKT/c-myc pathway by binding to miR-671-3p. And LncRNA-PACERR which bound to IGF2BP2 acts as an m6A-dependent manner to enhance the stability of KLF12 and c-myc in cytoplasm. In addition, the promoter of LncRNA-PACERR was a target of KLF12 and LncRNA-PACERR recruited EP300 to increase the acetylation of histone by interacting with KLF12 in nucleus. CONCLUSIONS This study found that LncRNA-PACERR functions as key regulator of TAMs in PDAC microenvironment and revealed the novel mechanisms in cytoplasm and in nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minmin Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingfeng He
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhi Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengyi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanlu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenlei Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhan
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Baofa Sun
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Baiyong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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216
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Hernandez S, Parra ER, Uraoka N, Tang X, Shen Y, Qiao W, Jiang M, Zhang S, Mino B, Lu W, Pandurengan R, Haymaker C, Affolter K, Scaife CL, Yip-Schneider M, Schmidt CM, Firpo MA, Mulvihill SJ, Koay EJ, Wang H, Wistuba II, Maitra A, Solis LM, Sen S. Diminished Immune Surveillance during Histologic Progression of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms Offers a Therapeutic Opportunity for Cancer Interception. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:1938-1947. [PMID: 35491652 PMCID: PMC9069801 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-2585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are bona fide precursors to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). While genomic alterations during multistep IPMN progression have been well cataloged, the accompanying changes within the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) have not been comprehensively studied. Herein, we investigated TIME-related alterations during IPMN progression, using multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) coupled with high-resolution image analyses. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Two sets of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from surgically resected IPMNs were analyzed. The training set of 30 samples consisted of 11 low-grade IPMN (LG-IPMN), 17 high-grade IPMN (HG-IPMN), and 2 IPMN with PDAC, while a validation set of 93 samples comprised of 55 LG-IPMN and 38 HG-IPMN. The training set was analyzed with two panels of immuno-oncology-related biomarkers, while the validation set was analyzed with a subset of markers found significantly altered in the training set. RESULTS Cell types indicative of enhanced immune surveillance, including cytotoxic and memory T cells, and antigen-experienced T cells and B cells, were all found at higher densities within isolated LG-IPMNs compared with HG-IPMNs. Notably, the TIME of LG-IPMNs that had progressed at the time of surgical resection (progressor LGD) resembled that of the synchronous HG-IPMNs, underscoring that attenuated immune surveillance occurs even in LG-IPMNs destined for progression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide a basis for interception of cystic neoplasia to PDAC, through maintenance of sustained immune surveillance using vaccines and other prevention approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharia Hernandez
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Edwin Roger Parra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Naohiro Uraoka
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ximing Tang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yu Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wei Qiao
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Shanyu Zhang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Barbara Mino
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Renganayaki Pandurengan
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Cara Haymaker
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kajsa Affolter
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | | | - C. Max Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | | | - Eugene J. Koay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Huamin Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ignacio I. Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Luisa M. Solis
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Subrata Sen
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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217
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Huang Z, Chen H, Tan P, Huang M, Shi H, Sun B, Cheng Y, Li T, Mou Z, Li Q, Fu W. Sinapic acid inhibits pancreatic cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion via downregulation of the AKT/Gsk-3β signal pathway. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:721-734. [PMID: 34859906 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Among digestive system cancers, the extremely poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer (PC) is a pressing concern. Nonoperative treatments such as targeted and immunotherapy, have improved the current situation, however, the accompanying side effects of these chemicals should not be ignored. Here, we discovered a novel hydroxycinnamic acid named sinapic acid (SA) derived from fruits, vegetables, cereals, and oil crops as an effective anti-PC molecule. Both the in vitro and in vivo models we designed showed that SA exhibited anticancer activities but not apoptosis induction. Research on the underlying mechanisms illustrated that AKT phosphorylation was blocked by SA, and the downstream Gsk-3β was downregulated subsequently. Our study revealed the inhibitory activity and underlying mechanisms of SA, providing evidence that SA is a potential strategy for cancer research and can be a promising option of PC chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Huang
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Tan
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Meizhou Huang
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Shi
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yonglang Cheng
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Tongxi Li
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Mou
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiu Li
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenguang Fu
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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218
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Zhang Q, Sun S, Xie Q, Wang X, Qian J, Yao J, Li Z. FAM81A identified as a stemness-related gene by screening DNA methylation sites based on machine learning-accessed stemness in pancreatic cancer. Epigenomics 2022; 14:569-588. [PMID: 35574683 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2022-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We thoroughly discuss the interaction between the stemness index and DNA methylation in pancreatic cancer (PC). Materials & methods: First, the stemness indices of PC (denoted mRNAsi and mDNAsi) were calculated using a one-class logistic regression machine-learning algorithm. Second, we screened the central methylation sites associated with stemness and screened out the key genes. We investigated the DNA methylation regulators associated with the key genes. Finally, using CIBERSORT and TIMER, we assessed the influence of stemness indexes and key genes on PC microenvironment formation. Results: In this study we quantified the stemness indices for PC and screened 20 related central DNA methylation sites. Further analysis of the methylation site cg22687244, located in the 3' UTR, revealed that it promoted the expression of the key gene FAM81A. We show that FAM81A may be regulated by DNA methylation regulators. Furthermore, immune cells were found to be more abundant in PC microenvironments with high expression of FAM81A. Conclusion: We report for the first time that the 3' UTR methylation of FAM81A is closely related to PC stemness and contributes to tumor immune infiltration. Therefore FAM81A may serve as a potential marker to guide the treatment of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, China
| | - Shuai Sun
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 111600, China
| | - Qiuyi Xie
- Medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Nantong Western Road, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China
| | - Jianjun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Nantong Western Road, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Nantong Western Road, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China
| | - Zhennan Li
- Medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Nantong Western Road, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China
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219
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Abstract
Interferon gamma (IFNG/IFNγ)-induced adaptive immune resistance remains a challenge for tumor therapy. We observed that the chaperone heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) stabilizes the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), resulting in IFNγ-induced expression of immunosuppressive indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1/CD274). Pharmacological inhibition of HSP90 enhances the efficacy of programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1/PD-1) targeting immunotherapy in suitable mouse models without any toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- DAMP Laboratory, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas USA
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220
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Wang D, Gu Y, Yan X, Huo C, Wang G, Zhao Y, Teng M, Li Y. Role of CD155/TIGIT in Digestive Cancers: Promising Cancer Target for Immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:844260. [PMID: 35433470 PMCID: PMC9005749 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.844260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment restricts the function and survival of various immune cells by up-regulating inhibitory immune checkpoints, and participates in the immune escape of tumors. The development of immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoints, such as programmed cell death receptor 1 antibody and anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 antibody, has provided many options for cancer treatment. The efficacy of other immune checkpoint inhibitors is also under development and research. Among them, T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) has shown excellent clinical application prospects. Correspondingly, poliovirus receptor (PVR, CD155), one of the main ligands of TIGIT, is mainly expressed in various human malignant tumors and myeloid cells. CD155 interacts with TIGIT on natural killer cells and T cells, mediating inhibitory immunomodulatory regulation. This study summarized the mechanism of CD155/TIGIT in regulating immune cells and its role in the occurrence and development of digestive system tumors, aiming to provide a new perspective for immunotherapy of digestive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijun Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanmei Gu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Yan
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chengdong Huo
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guan Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muzhou Teng
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yumin Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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221
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Sanmartin MC, Borzone FR, Giorello MB, Yannarelli G, Chasseing NA. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Biological Carriers for Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:882545. [PMID: 35497332 PMCID: PMC9046597 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.882545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with 10.0 million cancer deaths in 2020. Despite advances in targeted therapies, some pharmacological drawbacks associated with anticancer chemo and immunotherapeutic agents include high toxicities, low bioavailability, and drug resistance. In recent years, extracellular vesicles emerged as a new promising platform for drug delivery, with the advantage of their inherent biocompatibility and specific targeting compared to artificial nanocarriers, such as liposomes. Particularly, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells were proposed as a source of extracellular vesicles for cancer therapy because of their intrinsic properties: high in vitro self-renewal and proliferation, regenerative and immunomodulatory capacities, and secretion of extracellular vesicles that mediate most of their paracrine functions. Moreover, extracellular vesicles are static and safer in comparison with mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, which can undergo genetic/epigenetic or phenotypic changes after their administration to patients. In this review, we summarize currently reported information regarding mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles, their proper isolation and purification techniques - from either naive or engineered mesenchymal stem/stromal cells - for their application in cancer therapy, as well as available downstream modification methods to improve their therapeutic properties. Additionally, we discuss the challenges associated with extracellular vesicles for cancer therapy, and we review some preclinical and clinical data available in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cecilia Sanmartin
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Regulación Génica y Células Madre, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMeTTyB), Universidad Favaloro - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Raúl Borzone
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Giorello
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Yannarelli
- Laboratorio de Regulación Génica y Células Madre, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMeTTyB), Universidad Favaloro - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Norma Alejandra Chasseing
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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222
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Pham TN, Spaulding C, Shields MA, Metropulos AE, Shah DN, Khalafalla MG, Principe DR, Bentrem DJ, Munshi HG. Inhibiting MNK kinases promotes macrophage immunosuppressive phenotype to limit CD8+ T cell anti-tumor immunity. JCI Insight 2022; 7:152731. [PMID: 35380995 PMCID: PMC9090262 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.152731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To elicit effective anti-tumor responses, CD8+ T cells need to infiltrate tumors and sustain their effector function within the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here we evaluate the role of MNK kinase activity in regulating CD8+ T cell infiltration and anti-tumor activity in pancreatic and thyroid tumors. We first show that human pancreatic and thyroid tumors with increased MNK kinase activity are associated with decreased infiltration by CD8+ T cells. We then show that while MNK inhibitors increase CD8+ T cells in these tumors, they induce a T cell exhaustion phenotype in the tumor microenvironment. Mechanistically, we show that the exhaustion phenotype is not caused by upregulation of PD-L1 but by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) becoming more immunosuppressive following MNK inhibitor treatment. Reversal of CD8+ T cell exhaustion by an anti-PD-1 antibody or TAM depletion synergizes with MNK inhibitors to control tumor growth and prolong animal survival. Importantly, we show in ex vivo human pancreatic tumor slice cultures that MNK inhibitors increase the expression of markers associated with immunosuppressive TAMs. Together, these findings demonstrate a previously unknown role of MNK kinases in modulating a pro-tumoral phenotype in macrophages and identify combination regimens involving MNK inhibitors to enhance anti-tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Nd Pham
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Christina Spaulding
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Mario A Shields
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Anastasia E Metropulos
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Dhavan N Shah
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Mahmoud G Khalafalla
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Daniel R Principe
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
| | - David J Bentrem
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Hidayatullah G Munshi
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
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223
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Yang C, Li J, Guo Y, Gan D, Zhang C, Wang R, Hua L, Zhu L, Ma P, Shi J, Li S, Su H. Role of TFRC as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and in Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:756895. [PMID: 35372510 PMCID: PMC8965864 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.756895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the expression of the transferrin receptor (TFRC) gene in pancreatic cancer and to analyze the pathogenesis and immunotherapy of TFRC in patients using bioinformatics methods. Methods: We used public data from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and gene expression omnibus databases to explore the expression level of the TFRC gene in pancreatic cancer patients. At the same time, we analyzed the correlation between the TFRC gene expression and patient survival, and further analyzed the correlation between TFRC and survival time of patients with different clinicopathological characteristics. Co-expressed genes and pathway enrichment analyses were used to analyze the mechanism of the TFRC in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer. Ultimately, we used the R software to examine the relationship between TFRC and immune phenotypes and immune cell infiltration using the TCGA database. Results: The results of the study showed that TFRC is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissue. The upregulated expression of TFRC was negatively correlated with the survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. The bioinformatics analysis showed that TFRC plays a role in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer mainly through signaling pathways (including cell adhesion molecule binding, condensed chromosomes, chromosome segregation, and cell cycle checkpoints). Finally, TFRC is associated with immune phenotypes and immune cell infiltration, which may influence immunotherapy. Conclusion: TFRC is significantly increased in pancreatic cancer and is associated with a poor prognosis. Moreover, research on TFRC may generate new ideas for the immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer.
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224
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Tang T, Huang X, Zhang G, Lu M, Hong Z, Wang M, Huang J, Zhi X, Liang T. Oncolytic peptide LTX-315 induces anti-pancreatic cancer immunity by targeting the ATP11B-PD-L1 axis. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004129. [PMID: 35288467 PMCID: PMC8921947 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LTX-315 is an oncolytic peptide deriving from bovine lactoferrin, with the ability to induce cancer immunogenic cell death. However, the mechanism used by LTX-315 to trigger the antitumor immune response is still poorly understood. The expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) largely determines the efficacy and effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies targeting this specific immune checkpoint. This study aimed to demonstrate the potential effect and mechanism of LTX-315 in PD-L1 inhibition-induced anti-pancreatic cancer immunity. Methods Both immunodeficient and immunocompetent mouse models were used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy and combination therapy. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the immune microenvironment. Multiomic analysis was used to identify the potential target and down-streaming signaling pathway. Both in-house tissue microarray and open accessed The Cancer Genome Atlas data sets were used to evaluate the clinical relevance in pancreatic cancer prognosis. Results LTX-315 treatment inhibited PD-L1 expression and enhanced lymphocyte infiltration in pancreatic tumors. ATP11B was identified as a potential target of LTX-315 and a critical regulator in maintaining PD-L1 expression in pancreatic cancer cells. As regards the mechanism, ATP11B interacted with PD-L1 in a CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 6 (CMTM6)-dependent manner. The depletion of ATP11B promoted CMTM6-mediated lysosomal degradation of PD-L1, thus reactivating the immune microenvironment and inducing an antitumor immune response. The significant correlation among ATP11B, CMTM6, and PD-L1 was confirmed in clinical samples of pancreatic cancer. Conclusions LTX-315 was first identified as a peptide drug inducing PD-L1 downregulation via ATP11B. Therefore, LTX-315, or the development of ATP11B-targeting drugs, might improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghao Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengtao Hong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junming Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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225
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Chen J, Zhou C, Liu Y. Establishing a Macrophage Phenotypic Switch-Associated Signature-Based Risk Model for Predicting the Prognoses of Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:771988. [PMID: 35284334 PMCID: PMC8905507 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.771988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-associated macrophages are important components of the tumor microenvironment, and the macrophage phenotypic switch has been shown to correlate with tumor development. However, the use of a macrophage phenotypic switch-related gene (MRG)-based prognosis signature for lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) has not yet been investigated. Methods In total, 1,114 LADC cases from two different databases were collected. The samples from TCGA were used as the training set (N = 490), whereas two independent datasets (GSE31210 and GSE72094) from the GEO database were used as the validation sets (N = 624). A robust MRG signature that predicted clinical outcomes of LADC patients was identified through multivariate COX and Lasso regression analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis was applied to analyze molecular pathways associated with the MRG signature. Moreover, the fractions of 22 immune cells were estimated using CIBERSORT algorithm. Results An eight MRG-based signature comprising CTSL, ECT2, HCFC2, HNRNPK, LRIG1, OSBPL5, P4HA1, and TUBA4A was used to estimate the LADC patients’ overall survival. The MRG model was capable of distinguishing high-risk patients from low-risk patients and accurately predict survival in both the training and validation cohorts. Subsequently, the eight MRG-based signature and other features were used to construct a nomogram to better predict the survival of LADC patients. Calibration plots and decision curve analysis exhibited good consistency between the nomogram predictions and actual observation. ROC curves displayed that the signature had good robustness to predict LADC patients’ prognostic outcome. Conclusions We identified a phenotypic switch-related signature for predicting the survival of patients with LADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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226
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Wu M, Huang Q, Xie Y, Wu X, Ma H, Zhang Y, Xia Y. Improvement of the anticancer efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade via combination therapy and PD-L1 regulation. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:24. [PMID: 35279217 PMCID: PMC8917703 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01242-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint molecules are promising anticancer targets, among which therapeutic antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have been widely applied to cancer treatment in clinical practice and have great potential. However, this treatment is greatly limited by its low response rates in certain cancers, lack of known biomarkers, immune-related toxicity, innate and acquired drug resistance, etc. Overcoming these limitations would significantly expand the anticancer applications of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade and improve the response rate and survival time of cancer patients. In the present review, we first illustrate the biological mechanisms of the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoints and their role in the healthy immune system as well as in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway inhibits the anticancer effect of T cells in the TME, which in turn regulates the expression levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 through multiple mechanisms. Several strategies have been proposed to solve the limitations of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment, including combination therapy with other standard treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, anti-angiogenic therapy, other immunotherapies and even diet control. Downregulation of PD-L1 expression in the TME via pharmacological or gene regulation methods improves the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment. Surprisingly, recent preclinical studies have shown that upregulation of PD-L1 in the TME also improves the response and efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. Immunotherapy is a promising anticancer strategy that provides novel insight into clinical applications. This review aims to guide the development of more effective and less toxic anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengling Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qianrui Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yao Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Xuyi Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province/Rehabilitation Medicine Research Institute, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongbo Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yong Xia
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province/Rehabilitation Medicine Research Institute, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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227
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Li F, Huang K, Pan C, Xiao Y, Zheng Q, Zhong K. Expression Patterns of Glycosylation Regulators Define Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy in Gastric Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:811075. [PMID: 35242759 PMCID: PMC8886025 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.811075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation (Glyc) is prevalently related to gastric cancer (GC) pathophysiology. However, studies on the relationship between glycosylation regulators and tumor microenvironment (TME) and immunotherapy of GC remain scarce. We extracted expression data of 1,956 patients with GC from eight cohorts and systematically characterized the glycosylation patterns of six marker genes into phenotype clusters using the unsupervised clustering method. Next, we constructed a Glyc. score to quantify the glycosylation index of each patient with GC. Finally, we analyzed the relationship between Glyc. score and clinical traits including molecular subtype, TME, and immunotherapy of GC. On the basis of prognostic glycosylation-related differentially expressed genes, we constructed the Glyc. score and divided the samples into the high– and low–Glyc. score groups. The high–Glyc. score group showed a poor prognosis and was validated in multiple cohorts. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the high–Glyc. score group was enriched in metabolism-related pathways. Furthermore, the high–Glyc. score group was associated with the infiltration of immune cells. Importantly, the established Glyc. score would contribute to predicting the response to anti–PD-1/L1 immunotherapy. In conclusion, the Glyc. score is a potentially useful tool to predict the prognosis of GC. Comprehensive analysis of glycosylation may provide novel insights into the epigenetics of GC and improve treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kaibin Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chaohu Pan
- YuceBio Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China.,Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajie Xiao
- YuceBio Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qijun Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Keli Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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228
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Kuang W, Wang X, Ding J, Li J, Ji M, Chen W, Wang L, Yang P. PTPN2, A Key Predictor of Prognosis for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Significantly Regulates Cell Cycles, Apoptosis, and Metastasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:805311. [PMID: 35154122 PMCID: PMC8829144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.805311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the members of the PTPN family and emphasized the key role of PTPN2 as a potential therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker in improving the survival rate of PAAD. Method Oncomine was used to analyze the pan-cancer expression of the PTPN gene family. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data as well as Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) data were downloaded to analyze the expression and prognosis of PTPNs. The diagnosis of PTPNs was evaluated by the experimental ROC curve. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by combining STRING and Cytoscape. The genes of 50 proteins most closely related to PTPN2 were screened and analyzed by GO and KEGG enrichment. The differentially expressed genes of PTPN2 were found by RNA sequencing, and GSEA enrichment analysis was carried out to find the downstream pathways and targets, which were verified by online tools and experiments. Finally, the relationship between PTPN2 and immune cell infiltration in PAAD, and the relationship with immune score and immune checkpoint were studied. Result The expression patterns and the prognostic value of multiple PTPNs in PAAD have been reported through bioinformatic analyzes. Among these members, PTPN2 is the most important prognostic signature that regulates the progression of PAAD by activating JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Comparison of two PAAD cell lines with normal pancreatic epithelial cell lines revealed that PTPN2 expression was up-regulated as a key regulator of PAAD, which was associated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of PTPN2 caused a profound decrease in PAAD cell growth, migration, invasion, and induced PAAD cell cycle and apoptosis. In addition, we conducted a series of enrichment analyses to investigate the PTPN2-binding proteins and the PTPN2 expression-correlated genes. We suggest that STAT1 and EGFR are the key factors to regulate PTPN2, which are involved in the progression of PAAD. Meanwhile, the silencing of PTPN2 induced the repression of STAT1 and EGFR expression. Conclusion These findings provide a comprehensive analysis of the PTPN family members, and for PAAD, they also demonstrate that PTPN2 is a diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minghui Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weijiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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229
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De Marco M, Gauttier V, Pengam S, Mary C, Ranieri B, Basile A, Festa M, Falco A, Reppucci F, Cammarota AL, Acernese F, De Laurenzi V, Sala G, Brongo S, Miyasaka M, Shalapour S, Vanhove B, Poirier N, Iaccarino R, Karin M, Turco MC, Rosati A, Marzullo L. Concerted BAG3 and SIRPα blockade impairs pancreatic tumor growth. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:94. [PMID: 35241649 PMCID: PMC8894496 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00817-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The BAG3- and SIRPα- mediated pathways trigger distinct cellular targets and signaling mechanisms in pancreatic cancer microenvironment. To explore their functional connection, we investigated the effects of their combined blockade on cancer growth in orthotopic allografts of pancreatic cancer mt4–2D cells in immunocompetent mice. The anti-BAG3 + anti-SIRPα mAbs treatment inhibited (p = 0.007) tumor growth by about the 70%; also the number of metastatic lesions was decreased, mostly by the effect of the anti-BAG3 mAb. Fibrosis and the expression of the CAF activation marker α-SMA were reduced by about the 30% in animals treated with anti-BAG3 mAb compared to untreated animals, and appeared unaffected by treatment with the anti-SIRPα mAb alone; however, the addition of anti-SIRPα to anti-BAG3 mAb in the combined treatment resulted in a > 60% (p < 0.0001) reduction of the fibrotic area and a 70% (p < 0.0001) inhibition of CAF α-SMA positivity. Dendritic cells (DCs) and CD8+ lymphocytes, hardly detectable in the tumors of untreated animals, were modestly increased by single treatments, while were much more clearly observable (p < 0.0001) in the tumors of the animals subjected to the combined treatment. The effects of BAG3 and SIRPα blockade do not simply reflect the sum of the effects of the single blockades, indicating that the two pathways are connected by regulatory interactions and suggesting, as a proof of principle, the potential therapeutic efficacy of a combined BAG3 and SIRPα blockade in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot De Marco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy.,BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l., R&D Division, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Bianca Ranieri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy
| | - Anna Basile
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy.,BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l., R&D Division, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy
| | - Michela Festa
- BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l., R&D Division, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, 84084, Italy
| | - Antonia Falco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy.,BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l., R&D Division, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy
| | - Francesca Reppucci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Cammarota
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy
| | - Fausto Acernese
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, 84084, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Laurenzi
- BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l., R&D Division, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy.,Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gianluca Sala
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sergio Brongo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy
| | - Masayuki Miyasaka
- Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamada-oka, Suita, Japan
| | - Shabnam Shalapour
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | | | | | - Roberta Iaccarino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy
| | - Michael Karin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maria Caterina Turco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy. .,BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l., R&D Division, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Rosati
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy.,BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l., R&D Division, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy
| | - Liberato Marzullo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy.,BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l., R&D Division, Baronissi, SA, 84081, Italy
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230
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Wang L, Liu Z, Zhu R, Liang R, Wang W, Li J, Zhang Y, Guo C, Han X, Sun Y. Multi-omics landscape and clinical significance of a SMAD4-driven immune signature: implications for risk stratification and frontline therapies in pancreatic cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1154-1167. [PMID: 35317237 PMCID: PMC8908051 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SMAD4 mutation affect the oncogenesis, progression and immunity of pancreatic cancer. Combined with immune subtypes, a SMAD4-driven immune signature (SDIS) was established. SDIS could robustly predict prognosis and efficacy in six independent cohorts. SDIS might serve as an attractive platform to further tailor decision-making.
SMAD4 mutation was recently implicated in promoting invasion and poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer (PACA) by regulating the tumor immune microenvironment. However, SMAD4-driven immune landscape and clinical significance remain elusive. In this study, we applied the consensus clustering and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to identify two heterogeneous immune subtypes and immune genes. Combined with SMAD4-driven genes determined by SMAD4 mutation status, a SMAD4-driven immune signature (SDIS) was developed in ICGC-AU2 (microarray data) via machine learning algorithm, and then was validated by RNA-seq data (TCGA, ICGC-AU and ICGC-CA) and microarray data (GSE62452 and GSE85916). The high-risk group displayed a worse prognosis, and multivariate Cox regression indicated that SDIS was an independent prognostic factor. In six cohorts, SDIS also displayed excellent accuracy in predicting prognosis. Moreover, the high-risk group was characterized by higher frequencies of TP53/CDKN2A mutations and SMAD4 deletion, superior immune checkpoint molecules expression and more sensitive to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Meanwhile, the low-risk group was significantly enriched in metabolism-related pathways and suggested the potential to target tumor metabolism to develop specific drugs. Overall, SDIS could robustly predict prognosis in PACA, which might serve as an attractive platform to further tailor decision-making in chemotherapy and immunotherapy in clinical settings.
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231
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Hosein AN, Dougan SK, Aguirre AJ, Maitra A. Translational advances in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma therapy. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:272-286. [PMID: 35352061 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer that is most frequently detected at advanced stages, limiting treatment options to systemic chemotherapy with modest clinical responses. Here, we review recent advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for treating subtypes of PDAC with diverse molecular alterations. We focus on the current preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the potential of these approaches and the promise of combinatorial regimens to improve the lives of patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Nasser Hosein
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Sheikh Ahmed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Advocate Aurora Health, Vince Lombardi Cancer Clinic, Sheboygan, WI, USA.
| | - Stephanie K Dougan
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Andrew J Aguirre
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Sheikh Ahmed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Zhu X, Cao Y, Liu W, Ju X, Zhao X, Jiang L, Ye Y, Jin G, Zhang H. Stereotactic body radiotherapy plus pembrolizumab and trametinib versus stereotactic body radiotherapy plus gemcitabine for locally recurrent pancreatic cancer after surgical resection: an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2022; 23:e105-e115. [PMID: 35240087 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is paucity of investigations into immunotherapy or targeted therapy for postoperative locally recurrent pancreatic cancer. We aimed to assess the efficacy of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) plus pembrolizumab and trametinib in these patients. METHODS In this open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 2 study, participants were recruited from Changhai Hospital affiliated to the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older with histologically confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma characterised by mutant KRAS and positive immunohistochemical staining of PD-L1, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1, and documented local recurrence after surgery followed by chemotherapy (mFOLFIRINOX [ie, 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and folinic acid] or 5-fluorouracil). Eligible participants were randomly assigned (1:1) using an interactive voice or web response system, without stratification, to receive SBRT with doses ranging from 35-40 Gy in five fractions, intravenous pembrolizumab 200 mg once every 3 weeks, and oral trametinib 2 mg once daily or SBRT (same regimen) and intravenous gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2) on day 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle for eight cycles until disease progression, death, unacceptable toxicity, or consent withdrawal. The primary endpoint was overall survival in the intention-to-treat population. Safety was assessed in the as-treated population in all participants who received at least one dose of study treatment. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02704156, and is now complete. FINDINGS Between Oct 10, 2016, and Oct 28, 2017, 198 patients were screened, of whom 170 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive SBRT plus pembrolizumab and trametinib (n=85) or SBRT plus gemcitabine (n=85). As of the clinical cutoff date (Nov 30, 2020), median follow-up was 13·1 months (IQR 10·2-17·1). Median overall survival was 14·9 months (12·7-17·1) with SBRT plus pembrolizumab and trametinib and 12·8 months (95% CI 11·2-14·4) with SBRT plus gemcitabine (hazard ratio [HR] 0·69 [95% CI 0·51-0·95]; p=0·021). The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse effects were increased alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase (ten [12%] of 85 in SBRT plus pembrolizumab and trametinib group vs six [7%] of 85 in SBRT plus gemcitabine group), increased blood bilirubin (four [5%] vs none), neutropenia (one [1%] vs nine [11%]), and thrombocytopenia (one [1%] vs four [5%]). Serious adverse events were reported by 19 (22%) participants in the SBRT plus pembrolizumab and trametinib group and 12 (14%) in the SBRT plus gemcitabine group. No treatment-related deaths occurred. INTERPRETATION The combination of SBRT plus pembrolizumab and trametinib could be a novel treatment option for patients with locally recurrent pancreatic cancer after surgery. Phase 3 trials are needed to confirm our findings. FUNDING Shanghai Shenkang Center and Changhai Hospital. TRANSLATION For the Chinese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhai Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangsen Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhai Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhai Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Ju
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhai Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianzhi Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhai Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingong Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhai Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yusheng Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhai Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Huojun Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhai Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Perspectives on Vascular Regulation of Mechanisms Controlling Selective Immune Cell Function in the Tumor Immune Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042313. [PMID: 35216427 PMCID: PMC8877013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The vasculature plays a major role in regulating the tumor immune cell response although the underlying mechanisms explaining such effects remain poorly understood. This review discusses current knowledge on known vascular functions with a viewpoint on how they may yield distinct immune responses. The vasculature might directly influence selective immune cell infiltration into tumors by its cell surface expression of cell adhesion molecules, expression of cytokines, cell junction properties, focal adhesions, cytoskeleton and functional capacity. This will alter the tumor microenvironment and unleash a plethora of responses that will influence the tumor’s immune status. Despite our current knowledge of numerous mechanisms operating, the field is underexplored in that few functions providing a high degree of specificity have yet been provided in relation to the enormous divergence of responses apparent in human cancers. Further exploration of this field is much warranted.
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234
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Li X, He G, Liu J, Yan M, Shen M, Xu L, An M, Huang J, Gao Z. CCL2-mediated monocytes regulate immune checkpoint blockade resistance in pancreatic cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108598. [PMID: 35183036 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The immunosuppressive microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) contributes to resistance to immune checkpoint blockade. C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) is believed to participate in pancreatic tumorigenesis, but its role in PDAC progression and resistance to immune checkpoint blockade remains unclear. We hypothesized that CCL2 contributes to the pancreatic immunosuppressive microenvironment. In this study, we found that CCL2 recruits monocytes to and decrease CD8+ T cell infiltration in pancreatic tumors. CCL2 inhibition and monocyte neutralization increased the sensitivity of PDAC to immune checkpoint blockade. The findings of our study suggest the potential of CCL2-mediated monocytes as a target for PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Guijun He
- Department of Gastroenterology, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Jican Liu
- Department of Pathology, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Meizhu Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Manru Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Linfang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Min An
- Department of Gastroenterology, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Jiying Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, China.
| | - Zhenjun Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, China.
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Donahue KL, Pasca di Magliano M. Cleaved CDCP1 marks the spot: a neoepitope for RAS-driven cancers. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e157168. [PMID: 35166242 PMCID: PMC8843638 DOI: 10.1172/jci157168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A challenge in cancer treatment is targeting cancer cells while sparing normal cells. Thus, identifying cancer-specific neoepitopes is an active research area. Neoepitopes are generated by the accumulation of mutations; however, deadly cancer types, including pancreatic cancer, have a low mutational burden and, consequently, a paucity of neoantigens. In this issue of the JCI, Lim, Zhou, and colleagues describe a neoepitope generated upon proteolytic cleavage of the transmembrane CUB domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1). CDCP1 is overexpressed in cancer and portends a worse prognosis; previous attempts to target CDCP1 reduced cancer growth, but adversely affected the host. Here, the authors generated an antibody that specifically targeted cleaved CDCP1 (c-CDCP1) and developed a drug conjugate, a vector for radioactive ions, and a mediator of T cell activation. The therapeutics inhibited pancreatic cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Exploiting proteolytic cleavage-derived neoantigens opens an attractive way for specifically targeting cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Pasca di Magliano
- Department of Surgery, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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236
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Liu L, Huang X, Shi F, Song J, Guo C, Yang J, Liang T, Bai X. Combination therapy for pancreatic cancer: anti-PD-(L)1-based strategy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:56. [PMID: 35139879 PMCID: PMC8827285 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02273-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortality associated with pancreatic cancer is among the highest of all malignancies, with a 5-year overall survival of 5-10%. Immunotherapy, represented by the blocking antibodies against programmed cell death protein 1 or its ligand 1 (anti-PD-(L)1), has achieved remarkable success in a number of malignancies. However, due to the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment, the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-(L)1 in pancreatic cancer is far from expectation. To address such a fundamental issue, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and even immunotherapy itself, have individually been attempted to combine with anti-PD-(L)1 in preclinical and clinical investigation. This review, with a particular focus on pancreatic cancer therapy, collects current anti-PD-(L)1-based combination strategy, highlights potential adverse effects of accumulative combination, and further points out future direction in optimization of combination, including targeting post-translational modification of PD-(L)1 and improving precision of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyue Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fukang Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinyuan Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengxiang Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
- The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xueli Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
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Therapeutic effect of two Co(II) coordination polymers by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and invasion on pancreatic cancer. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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238
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Zhou Y, Jin X, Yu H, Qin G, Pan P, Zhao J, Chen T, Liang X, Sun Y, Wang B, Ren D, Zhu S, Wu H. HDAC5 modulates PD-L1 expression and cancer immunity via p65 deacetylation in pancreatic cancer. Theranostics 2022; 12:2080-2094. [PMID: 35265200 PMCID: PMC8899586 DOI: 10.7150/thno.69444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with a dismal 5-year survival less than 10%. Most patients with PDAC exhibit poor response to single-agent immunotherapy. Multimodal therapies targeting mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy are urgently needed. We found that the class IIa histone deacetylase (HDAC) member, HDAC5 is downregulated in multiple solid tumors and its level were associated with favorable prognosis in PDAC patients. Upregulated genes in patients harboring HDAC5 deletions were enriched in adaptive immune responses and lymphocyte-mediated immunity in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pancreatic cancer dataset. Methods: Tissue microarray of pancreatic cancer were used to analysis the correlation between HDAC5 and PD-L1. RNA-seq, transcription factor motif analysis, drug screening and molecular biology assays were performed to identify the mechanism of HDAC5's repression on PD-L1. Allografts of pancreatic cancer in mouse were applied to test the efficiency of HDAC5 inhibition and anti-PD1 co-treatment. Results: HDAC5 regulated PD-L1 expression by directly interacting with NF-κB p65; this interaction was suppressed by p65 phosphorylation at serine-311. Additionally, HDAC5 diminished p65 acetylation at lysine-310, which is essential for the transcriptional activity of p65. Importantly, we demonstrated that HDAC5 silencing or inhibition sensitized PDAC tumors to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy in syngeneic mouse model and KPC mouse derived PDAC model. Conclusion: Our findings revealed a previously unknown role of HDAC5 in regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway and antitumor immune responses. These findings provide a strong rationale for augment the antitumor effects of ICB in immunotherapy-resistant PDAC by inhibiting HDAC5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingke Zhou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Uro-Oncology Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Haixin Yu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Gengdu Qin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Penglin Pan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Jingyuan Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Taoyu Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Xueyi Liang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Dianyun Ren
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Shikai Zhu
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Organ Transplant Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731 China
| | - Heshui Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
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Xu X, Liang JH, Li JH, Xu QC, Yin XY. Values of a novel pyroptosis-related genetic signature in predicting outcome and immune status of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2022; 10:goac051. [PMID: 36196256 PMCID: PMC9522386 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goac051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pyroptosis is an emerging form of programmed cell death associated with progression in malignancies. Yet, there are few studies reporting on the association between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and pyroptosis. Therefore, we aimed to construct a pyroptosis-related genetic signature to predict the clinical outcome and immune status in PDAC patients.
Methods
RNA-seq data of 176 PDAC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and 167 PDAC patients from the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project were analysed for pyroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PDAC and normal pancreas. The risk signature of DEGs was analysed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis and its accuracy was validated in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohort (n = 190). Functional enrichment analyses were performed to explore the mechanisms of the DEGs. The immune characteristics were evaluated using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis and ESTIMATE algorithms for each group.
Results
A nine-gene risk signature was generated from LASSO Cox regression analysis and classified PDAC patients into either a high- or low-risk group according to the median risk score. The high-risk group had significantly shorter overall survival than the low-risk group and it was verified in the external GEO database. A nomogram based on the risk signature was constructed and showed an ideal prediction performance. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that pyroptosis might regulate the tumor immune microenvironment in PDAC. Immune infiltration evaluation suggested that immune status was more activated in the low-risk group than in the high-risk group.
Conclusion
The risk signature encompassing nine pyroptosis-related genes may be a prognostic marker for PDAC. Pyroptosis might affect the prognosis of PDAC patients via regulating the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xu
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Hua Liang
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Hui Li
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qiong-Cong Xu
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Yin
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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240
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Wang X, Dou X, Ren X, Rong Z, Sun L, Deng Y, Chen P, Li Z. A Ductal-Cell-Related Risk Model Integrating Single-Cell and Bulk Sequencing Data Predicts the Prognosis of Patients With Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 12:763636. [PMID: 35047000 PMCID: PMC8762279 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.763636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy. Single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology enables quantitative gene expression measurements that underlie the phenotypic diversity of cells within a tumor. By integrating PDAC scRNA-seq and bulk sequencing data, we aim to extract relevant biological insights into the ductal cell features that lead to different prognoses. Firstly, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of ductal cells between normal and tumor tissues were identified through scRNA-seq data analysis. The effect of DEGs on PDAC survival was then assessed in the bulk sequencing data. Based on these DEGs (LY6D, EPS8, DDIT4, TNFSF10, RBP4, NPY1R, MYADM, SLC12A2, SPCS3, NBPF15) affecting PDAC survival, a risk score model was developed to classify patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. The results showed that the overall survival was significantly longer in the low-risk group (p < 0.05). The model also revealed reliable predictive power in different subgroups of patients. The high-risk group had a higher tumor mutational burden (TMB) (p < 0.05), with significantly higher mutation frequencies in KRAS and ADAMTS12 (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the high-risk group had a higher tumor stemness score (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the immune cell infiltration scores between the two groups. Lastly, drug candidates targeting risk model genes were identified, and seven compounds might act against PDAC through different mechanisms. In conclusion, we have developed a validated survival assessment model, which acted as an independent risk factor for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xitao Wang
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaolin Dou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxin Ren
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuoxian Rong
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lunquan Sun
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuezhen Deng
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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De Sanctis F, Lamolinara A, Boschi F, Musiu C, Caligola S, Trovato R, Fiore A, Frusteri C, Anselmi C, Poffe O, Cestari T, Canè S, Sartoris S, Giugno R, Del Rosario G, Zappacosta B, Del Pizzo F, Fassan M, Dugnani E, Piemonti L, Bottani E, Decimo I, Paiella S, Salvia R, Lawlor RT, Corbo V, Park Y, Tuveson DA, Bassi C, Scarpa A, Iezzi M, Ugel S, Bronte V. Interrupting the nitrosative stress fuels tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in pancreatic cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003549. [PMID: 35022194 PMCID: PMC8756272 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest tumors owing to its robust desmoplasia, low immunogenicity, and recruitment of cancer-conditioned, immunoregulatory myeloid cells. These features strongly limit the success of immunotherapy as a single agent, thereby suggesting the need for the development of a multitargeted approach. The goal is to foster T lymphocyte infiltration within the tumor landscape and neutralize cancer-triggered immune suppression, to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of immune-based treatments, such as anticancer adoptive cell therapy (ACT). Methods We examined the contribution of immunosuppressive myeloid cells expressing arginase 1 and nitric oxide synthase 2 in building up a reactive nitrogen species (RNS)-dependent chemical barrier and shaping the PDAC immune landscape. We examined the impact of pharmacological RNS interference on overcoming the recruitment and immunosuppressive activity of tumor-expanded myeloid cells, which render pancreatic cancers resistant to immunotherapy. Results PDAC progression is marked by a stepwise infiltration of myeloid cells, which enforces a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment through the uncontrolled metabolism of L-arginine by arginase 1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity, resulting in the production of large amounts of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The extensive accumulation of myeloid suppressing cells and nitrated tyrosines (nitrotyrosine, N-Ty) establishes an RNS-dependent chemical barrier that impairs tumor infiltration by T lymphocytes and restricts the efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy. A pharmacological treatment with AT38 ([3-(aminocarbonyl)furoxan-4-yl]methyl salicylate) reprograms the tumor microenvironment from protumoral to antitumoral, which supports T lymphocyte entrance within the tumor core and aids the efficacy of ACT with telomerase-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Conclusions Tumor microenvironment reprogramming by ablating aberrant RNS production bypasses the current limits of immunotherapy in PDAC by overcoming immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Sanctis
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessia Lamolinara
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technnology (CAST), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Federico Boschi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Musiu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Caligola
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Trovato
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fiore
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cristina Frusteri
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cristina Anselmi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ornella Poffe
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Tiziana Cestari
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefania Canè
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Sartoris
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosalba Giugno
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Del Pizzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technnology (CAST), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Oncology-Institute for Hospitalization and Care Scientific, Padova, Italy
| | - Erica Dugnani
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Research Centre, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Research Centre, Milano, Italy.,School of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Emanuela Bottani
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Section of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Decimo
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Section of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Paiella
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Salvia
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Corbo
- ARC-NET, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Youngkyu Park
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA.,Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Lustgarten Foundation, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - David A Tuveson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA.,Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Lustgarten Foundation, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Claudio Bassi
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-NET, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Manuela Iezzi
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technnology (CAST), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bronte
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Demirtürk N, Bilensoy E. Nanocarriers targeting the diseases of the pancreas. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 170:10-23. [PMID: 34852262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diseases of the pancreas include acute and chronic pancreatitis, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, diabetes and pancreatic cancer. These pathologies can be difficult to treat due to the innate properties of the pancreas, its structure and localization. The need for effective targeting of the pancreatic tissue by means of nanoparticles delivering therapeutics is a major focus area covered and discussed in this review. Most common diseases of the pancreas do not have specific and direct medical treatment option, and existing treatment options are generally aimed at relieving symptoms. Diabetes has different treatment options for different subtypes based on insulin having stability problems and requiring injections reducing patient compliance. Pancreatic cancer progresses silently and can only be diagnosed in advanced stages. Therefore, survival rate of patients is very low. Gemcitabine and FOLFIRINOX treatment regimens, the most commonly used clinical standard treatments, are generally insufficient due to the chemoresistance that develops in cancer cells and also various side effects. Therefore new treatment options for pancreatic cancer are also under focus. Overcoming drug resistance and pancreatic targeting can be achieved with active and passive targeting methods, and a more effective and safer treatment regimen can be provided at lower drug doses. This review covers the current literature and clinical trials concerning pancreatic drug delivery systems in the nanoscale focusing on the challenges and opportunities provided by these smart delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbanu Demirtürk
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erem Bilensoy
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
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243
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Wang L, Liu Z, Liang R, Wang W, Zhu R, Li J, Xing Z, Weng S, Han X, Sun YL. Comprehensive machine-learning survival framework develops a consensus model in large-scale multicenter cohorts for pancreatic cancer. eLife 2022; 11:80150. [PMID: 36282174 PMCID: PMC9596158 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most aggressive tumor, the outcome of pancreatic cancer (PACA) has not improved observably over the last decade. Anatomy-based TNM staging does not exactly identify treatment-sensitive patients, and an ideal biomarker is urgently needed for precision medicine. Based on expression files of 1280 patients from 10 multicenter cohorts, we screened 32 consensus prognostic genes. Ten machine-learning algorithms were transformed into 76 combinations, of which we selected the optimal algorithm to construct an artificial intelligence-derived prognostic signature (AIDPS) according to the average C-index in the nine testing cohorts. The results of the training cohort, nine testing cohorts, Meta-Cohort, and three external validation cohorts (290 patients) consistently indicated that AIDPS could accurately predict the prognosis of PACA. After incorporating several vital clinicopathological features and 86 published signatures, AIDPS exhibited robust and dramatically superior predictive capability. Moreover, in other prevalent digestive system tumors, the nine-gene AIDPS could still accurately stratify the prognosis. Of note, our AIDPS had important clinical implications for PACA, and patients with low AIDPS owned a dismal prognosis, higher genomic alterations, and denser immune cell infiltrates as well as were more sensitive to immunotherapy. Meanwhile, the high AIDPS group possessed observably prolonged survival, and panobinostat may be a potential agent for patients with high AIDPS. Overall, our study provides an attractive tool to further guide the clinical management and individualized treatment of PACA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina,Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina,Zhengzhou Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary DiseasesZhengzhouChina
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Ruopeng Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina,Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina,Zhengzhou Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary DiseasesZhengzhouChina
| | - Weijie Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina,Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina,Zhengzhou Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary DiseasesZhengzhouChina
| | - Rongtao Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina,Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina,Zhengzhou Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary DiseasesZhengzhouChina
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina,Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina,Zhengzhou Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary DiseasesZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhe Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Siyuan Weng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yu-ling Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina,Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina,Zhengzhou Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary DiseasesZhengzhouChina
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Antoñana-Vildosola A, Zanetti SR, Palazon A. Enabling CAR-T cells for solid tumors: Rage against the suppressive tumor microenvironment. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 370:123-147. [PMID: 35798503 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive T cell therapies based on chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-T) are emerging as genuine therapeutic options for the treatment of hematological malignancies. The observed clinical success has not yet been extended into solid tumor indications as a result of multiple factors including immunosuppressive features of the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this context, an emerging strategy is to design CAR-T cells for the elimination of defined cellular components of the TME, with the objective of re-shaping the tumor immune contexture to control tumor growth. Relevant cell components that are currently under investigation as targets of CAR-T therapies include the tumor vasculature, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and immunosuppressive tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). In this review, we recapitulate the rapidly expanding field of CAR-T cell therapies that directly target cellular components within the TME with the ultimate objective of promoting immune function, either alone or in combination with other cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Antoñana-Vildosola
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Samanta Romina Zanetti
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Asis Palazon
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bizkaia, Spain.
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245
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Wu SQ, Huang SH, Lin QW, Tang YX, Huang L, Xu YG, Wang SP. FDI-6 and olaparib synergistically inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer by repressing BUB1, BRCA1 and CDC25A signaling pathways. Pharmacol Res 2022; 175:106040. [PMID: 34954029 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Inducing homologous recombination (HR) deficiency is a promising strategy to broaden the indication of PARP1/2 inhibitors in pancreatic cancer treatment. In addition to inhibition kinases, repression of the transcriptional function of FOXM1 has been reported to inhibit HR-mediated DNA repair. We found that FOXM1 inhibitor FDI-6 and PARP1/2 inhibitor Olaparib synergistically inhibited the malignant growth of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The results of bioinformatic analysis and mechanistic study showed that FOXM1 directly interacted with PARP1. Olaparib induced the feedback overexpression of PARP1/2, FOXM1, CDC25A, CCND1, CDK1, CCNA2, CCNB1, CDC25B, BRCA1/2 and Rad51 to promote the acceleration of cell mitosis and recovery of DNA repair, which caused the generation of adaptive resistance. FDI-6 reversed Olaparib-induced adaptive resistance and inhibited cell cycle progression and DNA damage repair by repressing the expression of FOXM1, PARP1/2, BUB1, CDC25A, BRCA1 and other genes-involved in cell cycle control and DNA damage repair. We believe that targeting FOXM1 and PARP1/2 is a promising combination therapy for pancreatic cancer without HR deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qi Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shi-Hui Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qian-Wen Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yun-Gen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198 Nanjing, China.
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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246
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Blake SJ, James J, Ryan FJ, Caparros-Martin J, Eden GL, Tee YC, Salamon JR, Benson SC, Tumes DJ, Sribnaia A, Stevens NE, Finnie JW, Kobayashi H, White DL, Wesselingh SL, O’Gara F, Lynn MA, Lynn DJ. The immunotoxicity, but not anti-tumor efficacy, of anti-CD40 and anti-CD137 immunotherapies is dependent on the gut microbiota. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100464. [PMID: 35028606 PMCID: PMC8714857 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immune agonist antibodies (IAAs) are promising immunotherapies that target co-stimulatory receptors to induce potent anti-tumor immune responses, particularly when combined with checkpoint inhibitors. Unfortunately, their clinical translation is hampered by serious dose-limiting, immune-mediated toxicities, including high-grade and sometimes fatal liver damage, cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and colitis. We show that the immunotoxicity, induced by the IAAs anti-CD40 and anti-CD137, is dependent on the gut microbiota. Germ-free or antibiotic-treated mice have significantly reduced colitis, CRS, and liver damage following IAA treatment compared with conventional mice or germ-free mice recolonized via fecal microbiota transplant. MyD88 signaling is required for IAA-induced CRS and for anti-CD137-induced, but not anti-CD40-induced, liver damage. Importantly, antibiotic treatment does not impair IAA anti-tumor efficacy, alone or in combination with anti-PD1. Our results suggest that microbiota-targeted therapies could overcome the toxicity induced by IAAs without impairing their anti-tumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Blake
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Jane James
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Feargal J. Ryan
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Jose Caparros-Martin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Georgina L. Eden
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Yee C. Tee
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5000, Australia
| | - John R. Salamon
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Saoirse C. Benson
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Damon J. Tumes
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Anastasia Sribnaia
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Natalie E. Stevens
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - John W. Finnie
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Deborah L. White
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Steve L. Wesselingh
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Fergal O’Gara
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- BIOMERIT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Miriam A. Lynn
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - David J. Lynn
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5000, Australia
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247
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Differential Expression of Polyamine Pathways in Human Pancreatic Tumor Progression and Effects of Polyamine Blockade on Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246391. [PMID: 34945011 PMCID: PMC8699198 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer has a five-year survival rate of less than 8% and is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Existing therapeutics have failed to improve pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patient outcomes. There has been success with other tumor types in targeting aberrant polyamine upregulation as a therapeutic strategy. The present study identified dysregulation of polyamine pathways to be evident in human PDAC progression. Additionally, reduced survival of pancreatic cancer patients was associated with increased expression of specific polyamine-related genes. Polyamine blockade therapy significantly increased overall survival of pancreatic tumor-bearing mice, along with macrophage presence (F4/80) and significantly increased T-cell co-stimulatory marker (CD86) in the tumor microenvironment. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that a polyamine blockade therapy could potentially prime the tumor microenvironment to be more susceptible to existing therapeutics. Future studies which test polyamine blockade therapy with existing therapeutics could increase the molecular tools available to treat PDAC. Abstract Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death. Existing therapies only moderately improve pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patient prognosis. The present study investigates the importance of the polyamine metabolism in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. Relative mRNA expression analysis identified differential expression of polyamine biosynthesis, homeostasis, and transport mediators in both pancreatic epithelial and stromal cells from low-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN-1) or primary PDAC patient samples. We found dysregulated mRNA levels that encode for proteins associated with the polyamine pathway of PDAC tumors compared to early lesions. Next, bioinformatic databases were used to assess expression of select genes involved in polyamine metabolism and their impact on patient survival. Higher expression of pro-polyamine genes was associated with poor patient prognosis, supporting the use of a polyamine blockade therapy (PBT) strategy for inhibiting pancreatic tumor progression. Moreover, PBT treatment of syngeneic mice injected intra-pancreatic with PAN 02 tumor cells resulted in increased survival and decreased tumor weights of PDAC-bearing mice. Histological assessment of PBT-treated tumors revealed macrophage presence and significantly increased expression of CD86, a T cell co-stimulatory marker. Collectively, therapies which target polyamine metabolism can be used to disrupt tumor progression, modulate tumor microenvironment, and extend overall survival.
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248
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Opportunities and challenges in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer. Expert Rev Mol Med 2021; 23:e21. [PMID: 34906271 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2021.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumours with a poor prognosis. In recent years, the incidence of pancreatic cancer is on the rise. Traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy for pancreatic cancer have been improved, first-line and second-line palliative treatments have been developed, and adjuvant treatments have also been used in clinical. However, the 5-year survival rate is still less than 10% and new treatment methods such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy need to be investigated. In the past decades, many clinical trials of targeted therapies and immunotherapies for pancreatic cancer were launched and some of them showed an ideal prospect in a subgroup of pancreatic cancer patients. The experience of both success and failure of these clinical trials will be helpful to improve these therapies in the future. Therefore, the current research progress and challenges of selected targeted therapies and immunotherapies for pancreatic cancer are reviewed.
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249
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Cleary JM, Wolpin BM, Dougan SK, Raghavan S, Singh H, Huffman B, Sethi NS, Nowak JA, Shapiro GI, Aguirre AJ, D'Andrea AD. Opportunities for Utilization of DNA Repair Inhibitors in Homologous Recombination Repair-Deficient and Proficient Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:6622-6637. [PMID: 34285063 PMCID: PMC8678153 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is rapidly progressive and notoriously difficult to treat with cytotoxic chemotherapy and targeted agents. Recent demonstration of the efficacy of maintenance PARP inhibition in germline BRCA mutated pancreatic cancer has raised hopes that increased understanding of the DNA damage response pathway will lead to new therapies in both homologous recombination (HR) repair-deficient and proficient pancreatic cancer. Here, we review the potential mechanisms of exploiting HR deficiency, replicative stress, and DNA damage-mediated immune activation through targeted inhibition of DNA repair regulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Cleary
- Dana-Farber Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Brian M Wolpin
- Dana-Farber Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephanie K Dougan
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Srivatsan Raghavan
- Dana-Farber Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Harshabad Singh
- Dana-Farber Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brandon Huffman
- Dana-Farber Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nilay S Sethi
- Dana-Farber Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Geoffrey I Shapiro
- Dana-Farber Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew J Aguirre
- Dana-Farber Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alan D D'Andrea
- Dana-Farber Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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Chen Y, Wang C, Song J, Xu R, Ruze R, Zhao Y. S100A2 Is a Prognostic Biomarker Involved in Immune Infiltration and Predict Immunotherapy Response in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:758004. [PMID: 34887861 PMCID: PMC8650155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.758004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly fatal and aggressive disease with its incidence and mortality quite discouraging. It is of great significance to construct an effective prognostic signature of PC and find the novel biomarker for the optimization of the clinical decision-making. Due to the crucial role of immunity in tumor development, a prognostic model based on nine immune-related genes was constructed, which was proved to be effective in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) training set, TCGA testing set, TCGA entire set, GSE78229 set, and GSE62452 set. Furthermore, S100A2 (S100 Calcium Binding Protein A2) was identified as the gene occupying the most paramount position in risk model. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithm revealed that S100A2 was closely associated with the immune status in PC microenvironment, mainly related to lower proportion of CD8+T cells and activated NK cells and higher proportion of M0 macrophages. Meanwhile, patients with high S100A2 expression might get more benefit from immunotherapy according to immunophenoscore algorithm. Afterwards, our independent cohort was also used to demonstrate S100A2 was an unfavorable marker of PC, as well as its remarkably positive correlation with the expression of PD-L1. In conclusion, our results demonstrate S100A2 might be responsible for the preservation of immune-suppressive status in PC microenvironment, which was identified with significant potentiality in predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlu Song
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rexiati Ruze
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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