201
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Sptlc1 is essential for myeloid differentiation and hematopoietic homeostasis. Blood Adv 2020; 3:3635-3649. [PMID: 31751474 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) long-chain base subunit 1 (SPTLC1) is 1 of the 2 main catalytic subunits of the SPT complex, which catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of sphingolipid biosynthesis. Here, we show that Sptlc1 deletion in adult bone marrow (BM) cells results in defective myeloid differentiation. In chimeric mice from noncompetitive BM transplant assays, there was an expansion of the Lin- c-Kit+ Sca-1+ compartment due to increased multipotent progenitor production, but myeloid differentiation was severely compromised. We also show that defective biogenesis of sphingolipids in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) leads to ER stress that affects myeloid differentiation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that transient accumulation of fatty acid, a substrate for sphingolipid biosynthesis, could be partially responsible for the ER stress. Independently, we find that ER stress in general, such as that induced by the chemical thapsigargin or the fatty acid palmitic acid, compromises myeloid differentiation in culture. These results identify perturbed sphingolipid metabolism as a source of ER stress, which may produce diverse pathological effects related to differential cell-type sensitivity.
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202
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ARID3a expression in human hematopoietic stem cells is associated with distinct gene patterns in aged individuals. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2020; 17:24. [PMID: 32905435 PMCID: PMC7469297 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-020-00198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Immunologic aging leads to immune dysfunction, significantly reducing the quality of life of the elderly. Aged-related defects in early hematopoiesis result in reduced lymphoid cell development, functionally defective mature immune cells, and poor protective responses to vaccines and pathogens. Despite considerable progress understanding the underlying causes of decreased immunity in the elderly, the mechanisms by which these occur are still poorly understood. The DNA-binding protein ARID3a is expressed in a subset of human hematopoietic progenitors. Inhibition of ARID3a in bulk human cord blood CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors led to developmental skewing toward myeloid lineage at the expense of lymphoid lineage cells in vitro. Effects of ARID3a expression in adult-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have not been analyzed, nor has ARID3a expression been assessed in relationship to age. We hypothesized that decreases in ARID3a could explain some of the defects observed in aging. Results Our data reveal decreased frequencies of ARID3a-expressing peripheral blood HSCs from aged healthy individuals compared with young donor HSCs. Inhibition of ARID3a in young donor-derived HSCs limits B lineage potential, suggesting a role for ARID3a in B lymphopoiesis in bone marrow-derived HSCs. Increasing ARID3a levels of HSCs from aged donors in vitro alters B lineage development and maturation. Finally, single cell analyses of ARID3a-expressing HSCs from young versus aged donors identify a number of differentially expressed genes in aged ARID3A-expressing cells versus young ARID3A-expressing HSCs, as well as between ARID3A-expressing and non-expressing cells in both young and aged donor HSCs. Conclusions These data suggest that ARID3a-expressing HSCs from aged individuals differ at both molecular and functional levels compared to ARID3a-expressing HSCs from young individuals.
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203
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Sharma S, Bhonde R. Genetic and epigenetic stability of stem cells: Epigenetic modifiers modulate the fate of mesenchymal stem cells. Genomics 2020; 112:3615-3623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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204
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Generation and function of progenitor T cells from StemRegenin-1-expanded CD34+ human hematopoietic progenitor cells. Blood Adv 2020; 3:2934-2948. [PMID: 31648315 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018026575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Broader clinical application of umbilical cord blood (UCB), as a source of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), is limited by low CD34+ and T-cell numbers, contributing to slow lymphohematopoietic recovery, infection, and relapse. Studies have evaluated the safety, feasibility, and expedited neutrophil recovery associated with the transplantation of CD34+ HSPCs from ex vivo expansion cultures using the aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist StemRegenin-1 (SR1). In a phase 1/2 study of 17 patients who received combined SR1-expanded and unexpanded UCB units, a considerable advantage for enhancing T-cell chimerism was not observed. We previously showed that progenitor T (proT) cells generated in vitro from HSPCs accelerated T-cell reconstitution and restored immunity after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). To expedite immune recovery, we hypothesized that SR1-expanded HSPCs together with proT cells could overcome the known T-cell immune deficiency that occurs post-HSCT. Here, we show that SR1-expanded UCB can induce >250-fold expansion of CD34+ HSPCs, which can generate large numbers of proT cells upon in vitro differentiation. When compared with nonexpanded naive proT cells, SR1 proT cells also showed effective thymus-seeding and peripheral T-cell functional capabilities in vivo despite having an altered phenotype. In a competitive transfer approach, both naive and SR1 proT cells showed comparable thymus-engrafting capacities. Single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral CD3+ T cells from mice injected with either naive or SR1 proT cells revealed functional subsets of T cells with polyclonal T-cell receptor repertoires. Our findings support the use of SR1-expanded UCB grafts combined with proT-cell generation for decreasing T-cell immunodeficiency post-HSCT.
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205
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Mondragón-García I, Flores-Guzmán P, Mayani H. Human cord blood hematopoietic cells acquire neural features when cultured in the presence of neurogenic cytokines. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2020; 85:102485. [PMID: 32836190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2020.102485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In vitro growth of hematopoietic cells depends on the presence of hematopoietic cytokines. To date, it is unclear if these cells would be able to respond to non-hematopoietic cytokines. In the present study, we have explored this by culturing human hematopoietic cells in presence of neurogenic cytokines. Lineage-negative (Lin-) umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived cells -enriched for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells- were cultured in presence of different combinations of hematopoietic cytokines, neurotrophins, epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and neurogenic culture media, in a 3-phase culture system. A proportion (1-22%) of Lin- UCB hematopoietic cells normally express neural markers and are capable of responding to neural cytokines. Neural cytokines did not have effects on hematopoietic cell proliferation; however, we observed generation of neural-like cells, assessed by morphology, and a significant increase in the proportion of cells expressing neural markers. Such neural-like cells, however, retained expression of hematopoietic markers. It seems that under our culture conditions, no actual transdifferentiation of hematopoietic cells into neural cells occurred; instead, the cells generated in culture seem to be hematopoietic cells that acquired neural features upon contact with neurogenic factors. The identity of UCB cells that acquired a neural phenotype is still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Mondragón-García
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Flores-Guzmán
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hector Mayani
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.
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206
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Dzobo K, Senthebane DA, Ganz C, Thomford NE, Wonkam A, Dandara C. Advances in Therapeutic Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells within the Tumor Microenvironment: An Updated Review. Cells 2020; 9:E1896. [PMID: 32823711 PMCID: PMC7464860 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite great strides being achieved in improving cancer patients' outcomes through better therapies and combinatorial treatment, several hurdles still remain due to therapy resistance, cancer recurrence and metastasis. Drug resistance culminating in relapse continues to be associated with fatal disease. The cancer stem cell theory posits that tumors are driven by specialized cancer cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are a subpopulation of cancer cells known to be resistant to therapy and cause metastasis. Whilst the debate on whether CSCs are the origins of the primary tumor rages on, CSCs have been further characterized in many cancers with data illustrating that CSCs display great abilities to self-renew, resist therapies due to enhanced epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) properties, enhanced expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) membrane transporters, activation of several survival signaling pathways and increased immune evasion as well as DNA repair mechanisms. CSCs also display great heterogeneity with the consequential lack of specific CSC markers presenting a great challenge to their targeting. In this updated review we revisit CSCs within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and present novel treatment strategies targeting CSCs. These promising strategies include targeting CSCs-specific properties using small molecule inhibitors, immunotherapy, microRNA mediated inhibitors, epigenetic methods as well as targeting CSC niche-microenvironmental factors and differentiation. Lastly, we present recent clinical trials undertaken to try to turn the tide against cancer by targeting CSC-associated drug resistance and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dzobo
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (D.A.S.); (C.G.)
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Dimakatso Alice Senthebane
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (D.A.S.); (C.G.)
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Chelene Ganz
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (D.A.S.); (C.G.)
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Nicholas Ekow Thomford
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (N.E.T.); (A.W.); (C.D.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, PMB, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Ambroise Wonkam
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (N.E.T.); (A.W.); (C.D.)
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (N.E.T.); (A.W.); (C.D.)
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207
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Blecua P, Martinez‐Verbo L, Esteller M. The DNA methylation landscape of hematological malignancies: an update. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:1616-1639. [PMID: 32526054 PMCID: PMC7400809 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have made it more evident that epigenetic modifications orchestrate a plethora of complex biological processes. During the last decade, we have gained significant knowledge about a wide range of epigenetic changes that crucially contribute to some of the most aggressive forms of leukemia, lymphoma, and myelodysplastic syndromes. DNA methylation is a key epigenetic player in the abnormal initiation, development, and progression of these malignancies, often acting in synergy with other epigenetic alterations. It also contributes to the acquisition of drug resistance. In this review, we summarize the role of DNA methylation in hematological malignancies described in the current literature. We discuss in detail the dual role of DNA methylation in normal and aberrant hematopoiesis, as well as the involvement of this type of epigenetic change in other aspects of the disease. Finally, we present a comprehensive overview of the main clinical implications, including a discussion of the therapeutic strategies that regulate or reverse aberrant DNA methylation patterns in hematological malignancies, including their combination with (chemo)immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Blecua
- Cancer Epigenetics GroupJosep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Laura Martinez‐Verbo
- Cancer Epigenetics GroupJosep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics GroupJosep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC)BarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC)MadridSpain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)BarcelonaSpain
- Physiological Sciences DepartmentSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of BarcelonaSpain
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208
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Nandakumar SK, Liao X, Sankaran VG. In The Blood: Connecting Variant to Function In Human Hematopoiesis. Trends Genet 2020; 36:563-576. [PMID: 32534791 PMCID: PMC7363574 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of genetic variants associated with a range of human diseases and traits. However, understanding the mechanisms by which these genetic variants have an impact on associated diseases and traits, often referred to as the variant-to-function (V2F) problem, remains a significant hurdle. Solving the V2F challenge requires us to identify causative genetic variants, relevant cell types/states, target genes, and mechanisms by which variants can cause diseases or alter phenotypic traits. We discuss emerging functional approaches that are being applied to tackle the V2F problem for blood cell traits, illuminating how human genetic variation can impact on key mechanisms in hematopoiesis, as well as highlighting future prospects for this nascent field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish K Nandakumar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xiaotian Liao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vijay G Sankaran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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209
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Xu L, Zhang W, Zhang XHF, Chen X. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Bone Metastases. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1100. [PMID: 32850317 PMCID: PMC7396666 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastases-the spreading of cancer cells from primary tumors to distant organs, including bone-is often incurable and is the major cause of morbidity in cancer patients. Understanding how cancer cells acquire the ability to colonize to bone and become overt metastases is critical to identify new therapeutic targets and develop new therapies against bone metastases. Recent reports indicate that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and, as its consequence, the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated during metastatic dissemination. However, their roles in this process remain largely unknown. In this review, we discuss the recent progress on evaluating the tumorigenic, immunoregulatory and metastatic effects of ER stress and the UPR on bone metastases. We explore new opportunities to translate this knowledge into potential therapeutic strategies for patients with bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyong Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xiang H.-F. Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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210
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Matsuoka Y, Sumide K, Sonoda Y. One-Year Observation of the SCID-Repopulating Cell Activities of Human Cord Blood-Derived CD34-Positive and -Negative Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:459-461. [PMID: 30982173 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Matsuoka
- Department of iPS Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sumide
- Department of iPS Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sonoda
- Department of iPS Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.
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211
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Sun S, Jiang N, Jiang Y, He Q, He H, Wang X, Yang L, Li R, Liu F, Lin X, Zhao B. Chromatin remodeler Znhit1 preserves hematopoietic stem cell quiescence by determining the accessibility of distal enhancers. Leukemia 2020; 34:3348-3358. [PMID: 32694618 PMCID: PMC7685981 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0988-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) utilizes its quiescence feature to combat exhaustion for lifetime blood cell supply. To date, how certain chromatin architecture and subsequent transcription profile permit HSC quiescence remains unclear. Here, we show an essential role of chromatin remodeler zinc finger HIT-type containing 1 (Znhit1) in maintaining HSC quiescence. We find that loss of Znhit1 leads to exhaustion of stem cell pool and impairment of hematopoietic function. Mechanically, Znhit1 determines the chromatin accessibility at distal enhancers of HSC quiescence genes, including Pten, Fstl1, and Klf4, for sustained transcription and consequent PI3K-Akt signaling inhibition. Moreover, Znhit1-Pten-PI3K-Akt axis also participates in controlling myeloid expansion and B-lymphoid specification. Our findings therefore identify a dominant role of Znhit1-mediated chromatin remodeling in preserving HSC function for hematopoietic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenfei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yamei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Qiuping He
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hua He
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Runsheng Li
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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212
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Anselmi G, Helft J, Guermonprez P. Development and function of human dendritic cells in humanized mice models. Mol Immunol 2020; 125:151-161. [PMID: 32688117 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are sentinel cells of the immune system arising from hematopoietic stem cells. DCs play a key role in the regulation of both adaptive and innate lymphocyte responses. As such, experimental models enabling a thorough analysis of human DCs development and function are needed. Humanized mice models (termed collectively as HIS mice, or human immune system mice models) provide unique opportunities to model human hematopoiesis and tackle the function of human immune cell types in vivo. Here, we review experimental approaches enabling to recapitulate the ontogeny of DC subsets in HIS mice and discuss studies addressing the biology of human DC subsets implementing HIS mice models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Anselmi
- King's College London, Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, The Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Helft
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Immunity and Cancer department, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Guermonprez
- King's College London, Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, The Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, United Kingdom; Université de Paris, Centre for Inflammation Research, CNRS ERL8252, INSERM 1149, Hopital Bichat Claude Bernard, France.
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213
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A transcriptomic continuum of differentiation arrest identifies myeloid interface acute leukemias with poor prognosis. Leukemia 2020; 35:724-736. [PMID: 32655144 PMCID: PMC7932917 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0965-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Classification of acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemias (ALL and AML) remains heavily based on phenotypic resemblance to normal hematopoietic precursors. This framework can provide diagnostic challenges for immunophenotypically heterogeneous immature leukemias, and ignores recent advances in understanding of developmental multipotency of diverse normal hematopoietic progenitor populations that are identified by transcriptional signatures. We performed transcriptional analyses of a large series of acute myeloid and lymphoid leukemias and detected significant overlap in gene expression between cases in different diagnostic categories. Bioinformatic classification of leukemias along a continuum of hematopoietic differentiation identified leukemias at the myeloid/T-lymphoid interface, which shared gene expression programs with a series of multi or oligopotent hematopoietic progenitor populations, including the most immature CD34+CD1a−CD7− subset of early thymic precursors. Within these interface acute leukemias (IALs), transcriptional resemblance to early lymphoid progenitor populations and biphenotypic leukemias was more evident in cases originally diagnosed as AML, rather than T-ALL. Further prognostic analyses revealed that expression of IAL transcriptional programs significantly correlated with poor outcome in independent AML patient cohorts. Our results suggest that traditional binary approaches to acute leukemia categorization are reductive, and that identification of IALs could allow better treatment allocation and evaluation of therapeutic options.
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214
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Haas S. Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Health and Disease—Insights from Single-Cell Multi-omic Approaches. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-020-00174-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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215
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Broxmeyer HE, Cooper S, Capitano ML. Enhanced collection of phenotypic and engrafting human cord blood hematopoietic stem cells at 4°C. Stem Cells 2020; 38:1326-1331. [PMID: 32535978 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The number of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) collected in cord blood (CB) at the birth of a baby is a limiting factor for efficacious use of CB in hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). We now demonstrate that collecting and processing of human CB at 4°C within minutes of the baby's birth results in significantly enhanced numbers of rigorously defined phenotypic HSC and self-renewing NSG immune-deficient mouse engrafting and SCID-repopulating cells. This was associated with decreased numbers of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC), as noted previously for hypoxia collected/processed cells blocking ambient air induced differentiation of HSC to HPC. We have thus defined a simple, cost-effective, means to collect increased numbers of CB HSC, of potential use for clinical CB HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Scott Cooper
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Maegan L Capitano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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216
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Han X, Ma Y, Zhang K, Zhang P, Shao N, Qin L. Microfluidic Cell Trap Arrays for Single Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Behavior Analysis. Proteomics 2020; 20:e1900223. [PMID: 31709756 PMCID: PMC7211552 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization from the bone marrow to the bloodstream is a required step for blood cell renewal, and HSPC motility is a clinically relevant standard for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Individual HSPCs exhibit considerable heterogeneity in motility behaviors, which are subject to complex intrinsic and extrinsic regulatory mechanisms. Motility-based cell sorting is then demanded to fulfill the study of such mechanism complexity. However, due to the HSPC heterogeneity and difficulty in monitoring cell motility, such a platform is still not available. With the recent development of microfluidics technology, motility-based monitoring, sorting, collecting, and analysis of HSPC behaviors are highly possible and achievable if fluid channels and structures are correctly engineered. Here, a new design of microfluidic arrays for single-cell trapping is presented, enabling high-throughput analysis of individual HSPC motility and behavior. Using these arrays, it is observed that HSPC motility is positively correlated with CD34 asymmetric inheritance and cell differentiation. Transcriptomic analysis of HSPCs sorted according to motility reveals changes in expression of genes associated with the regulation of stem-cell maintenance. Ultimately, this novel, physical cell-sorting system can facilitate the screening of HSPC mobilization compounds and the analysis of signals driving HSPC fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Han
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pengchao Zhang
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ning Shao
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lidong Qin
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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217
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Marx-Blümel L, Marx C, Weise F, Frey J, Perner B, Schlingloff G, Lindig N, Hampl J, Sonnemann J, Brauer D, Voigt A, Singh S, Beck B, Jäger UM, Wang ZQ, Beck JF, Schober A. Biomimetic reconstruction of the hematopoietic stem cell niche for in vitro amplification of human hematopoietic stem cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234638. [PMID: 32569325 PMCID: PMC7307768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is successfully applied since the late 1950s; however, its efficacy still needs to be increased. A promising strategy is to transplant high numbers of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Therefore, an improved ex vivo culture system that supports proliferation and maintains HSC pluripotency would override possible limitations in cell numbers gained from donors. To model the natural HSC niche in vitro, we optimized the HSC medium composition with a panel of cytokines and valproic acid and used an artificial 3D bone marrow-like scaffold made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). This 3D scaffold offered a suitable platform to amplify human HSCs in vitro and, simultaneously, to support their viability, multipotency and ability for self-renewal. Silicon oxide-covering of PDMS structures further improved amplification of CD34+ cells, although the conservation of naïve HSCs was better on non-covered 3D PDMS. Finally, we found that HSC cultivated on non-covered 3D PDMS generated most pluripotent colonies within colony forming unit assays. In conclusion, by combining biological and biotechnological approaches, we optimized in vitro HSCs culture conditions, resulting in improved amplification, multipotency maintenance and vitality of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Marx-Blümel
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Children’s Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Research Center Lobeda, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - C. Marx
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - F. Weise
- Institute for Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano, Nano-Biosystem Technology, Ilmenau University of Technology, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - J. Frey
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Children’s Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Research Center Lobeda, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - B. Perner
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - G. Schlingloff
- Institute for Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano, Nano-Biosystem Technology, Ilmenau University of Technology, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - N. Lindig
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Children’s Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Research Center Lobeda, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - J. Hampl
- Institute for Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano, Nano-Biosystem Technology, Ilmenau University of Technology, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - J. Sonnemann
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Children’s Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Research Center Lobeda, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - D. Brauer
- Institute for Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano, Nano-Biosystem Technology, Ilmenau University of Technology, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - A. Voigt
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Children’s Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Research Center Lobeda, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - S. Singh
- Institute for Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano, Nano-Biosystem Technology, Ilmenau University of Technology, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - B. Beck
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Children’s Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Research Center Lobeda, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ute-Maria Jäger
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Children’s Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Research Center Lobeda, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Z. Q. Wang
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - J. F. Beck
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Children’s Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - A. Schober
- Institute for Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano, Nano-Biosystem Technology, Ilmenau University of Technology, Ilmenau, Germany
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218
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Generation of Hematopoietic-Like Stem Cells from Adult Human Peripheral Blood Following Treatment with Platelet-Derived Mitochondria. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124249. [PMID: 32549211 PMCID: PMC7352808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells represent a potential source for cellular therapy to treat serious human diseases. We characterized the insulin-producing cells from adult peripheral blood (designated PB-IPC), which displayed a unique phenotype. Mitochondria are normally located in the cellular cytoplasm, where they generate ATP to power the cell’s functions. Ex vivo and in vivo functional studies established that treatment with platelet-derived mitochondria can reprogram the transformation of adult PB-IPC into functional CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSC)-like cells, leading to the production of blood cells such as T cells, B cells, monocytes/macrophages, granulocytes, red blood cells, and megakaryocytes (MKs)/platelets. These findings revealed a novel function of mitochondria in directly contributing to cellular reprogramming, thus overcoming the limitations and safety concerns of using conventional technologies to reprogram embryonic stem (ES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells in regenerative medicine.
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219
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Lysenko V, Wildner-Verhey van Wijk N, Zimmermann K, Weller MC, Bühler M, Wildschut MHE, Schürch P, Fritz C, Wagner U, Calabresi L, Psaila B, Flavell RA, Vannucchi AM, Mead AJ, Wild PJ, Dirnhofer S, Manz MG, Theocharides APA. Enhanced engraftment of human myelofibrosis stem and progenitor cells in MISTRG mice. Blood Adv 2020; 4:2477-2488. [PMID: 32502268 PMCID: PMC7284099 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The engraftment potential of myeloproliferative neoplasms in immunodeficient mice is low. We hypothesized that the physiological expression of human cytokines (macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and thrombopoietin) combined with human signal regulatory protein α expression in Rag2-/-Il2rγ-/- (MISTRG) mice might provide a supportive microenvironment for the development and maintenance of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) from patients with primary, post-polycythemia or post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis (MF). We show that MISTRG mice, in contrast to standard immunodeficient NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ and Rag2-/-Il2rγ-/- mice, supported engraftment of all patient samples investigated independent of MF disease stage or risk category. Moreover, MISTRG mice exhibited significantly higher human MF engraftment levels in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen and supported secondary repopulation. Bone marrow fibrosis development was limited to 3 of 14 patient samples investigated in MISTRG mice. Disease-driving mutations were identified in all xenografts, and targeted sequencing revealed maintenance of the primary patient sample clonal composition in 7 of 8 cases. Treatment of engrafted mice with the current standard-of-care Janus kinase inhibitor ruxolitinib led to a reduction in human chimerism. In conclusion, the established MF patient-derived xenograft model supports robust engraftment of MF HSPCs and maintains the genetic complexity observed in patients. The model is suited for further testing of novel therapeutic agents to expedite their transition into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Lysenko
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Kathrin Zimmermann
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Christine Weller
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Bühler
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mattheus H E Wildschut
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Schürch
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christine Fritz
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Wagner
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Calabresi
- Center for Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Bethan Psaila
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine
- Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, and
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alessandro M Vannucchi
- Center for Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Adam J Mead
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine
- Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, and
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Wild
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | - Stefan Dirnhofer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus G Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre P A Theocharides
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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220
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Waclawiczek A, Hamilton A, Rouault-Pierre K, Abarrategi A, Albornoz MG, Miraki-Moud F, Bah N, Gribben J, Fitzgibbon J, Taussig D, Bonnet D. Mesenchymal niche remodeling impairs hematopoiesis via stanniocalcin 1 in acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:3038-3050. [PMID: 32364536 PMCID: PMC7260026 DOI: 10.1172/jci133187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) disrupts the generation of normal blood cells, predisposing patients to hemorrhage, anemia, and infections. Differentiation and proliferation of residual normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are impeded in AML-infiltrated bone marrow (BM). The underlying mechanisms and interactions of residual hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) within the leukemic niche are poorly understood, especially in the human context. To mimic AML infiltration and dissect the cellular crosstalk in human BM, we established humanized ex vivo and in vivo niche models comprising AML cells, normal HSPCs, and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Both models replicated the suppression of phenotypically defined HSPC differentiation without affecting their viability. As occurs in AML patients, the majority of HSPCs were quiescent and showed enrichment of functional HSCs. HSPC suppression was largely dependent on secreted factors produced by transcriptionally remodeled MSCs. Secretome analysis and functional validation revealed MSC-derived stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) and its transcriptional regulator HIF-1α as limiting factors for HSPC proliferation. Abrogation of either STC1 or HIF-1α alleviated HSPC suppression by AML. This study provides a humanized model to study the crosstalk among HSPCs, leukemia, and their MSC niche, and a molecular mechanism whereby AML impairs normal hematopoiesis by remodeling the mesenchymal niche.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Glycoproteins/genetics
- Glycoproteins/metabolism
- HL-60 Cells
- Hematopoiesis
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, SCID
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- U937 Cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Waclawiczek
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley Hamilton
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Rouault-Pierre
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ander Abarrategi
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Farideh Miraki-Moud
- Haemato-Oncology Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nourdine Bah
- Bioinformatic Core Facility, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Gribben
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jude Fitzgibbon
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Taussig
- Haemato-Oncology Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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221
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Arcangeli ML, Brault P, Bourhis JH, Kuhnowskie F, Henry E, Barroca V, Koscielny S, Pflumio F, Amsellem S. Combined G-CSF and Plerixafor enhance hematopoietic recovery of CD34 + cells from poor mobilizer patients in NSG mice. Exp Hematol 2020; 86:15-20.e2. [PMID: 32450206 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Transplantable CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) are currently isolated mainly from peripheral blood after mobilization with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). These mobilized CD34+ cells have the potential to generate all blood cell types. For autologous transplantation, the minimal number of mobilized CD34+ cells is 2 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg body weight. However, up to 30% of patients fail to mobilize enough peripheral CD34+ cells after G-CSF treatment. To overcome this limitation, a combination of G-CSF and Plerixafor, a CXCR4 chemokine receptor inhibitor, is proposed to enhance CD34+ cell mobilization in poor mobilizer patients. However, only limited data are available on quantification of the functional quality of such patients' mobilized hematopoietic stem cells. Here, for six poor mobilizer patients, a head-to-head comparison of their CD34+ cells mobilized without versus with Plerixafor was performed to assess their properties with respect to the reconstitution of human hematopoiesis in vivo in immune-deficient mice. Our results indicate that mobilized CD34+ cells recovered after the G-CSF + Plerixafor mobilization protocol have an enhanced intrinsic hematopoietic reconstitution potential compared with CD34+ cells mobilized with G-CSF alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Arcangeli
- Team Niche and Cancer in Hematopoiesis, U1274, INSERM, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Leukemia/Service Stem Cells and Radiation/iRCM/JACOB/DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université de Paris, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
| | | | - Jean-Henri Bourhis
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Hematology, U1186, INSERM, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | | | - Elia Henry
- Team Niche and Cancer in Hematopoiesis, U1274, INSERM, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Leukemia/Service Stem Cells and Radiation/iRCM/JACOB/DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université de Paris, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Vilma Barroca
- Team Niche and Cancer in Hematopoiesis, U1274, INSERM, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Leukemia/Service Stem Cells and Radiation/iRCM/JACOB/DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université de Paris, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Serge Koscielny
- Department of Biostatistics, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Françoise Pflumio
- Team Niche and Cancer in Hematopoiesis, U1274, INSERM, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Leukemia/Service Stem Cells and Radiation/iRCM/JACOB/DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université de Paris, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Sophie Amsellem
- Hematology/Immunology Unit, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif Cedex, France
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222
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Chiodi I, Mondello C. Life style factors, tumor cell plasticity and cancer stem cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 784:108308. [PMID: 32430096 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancers are heterogeneous tissues and a layer of heterogeneity is determined by the presence of cells showing stemness traits, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). Evidence indicates that CSCs are important players in tumor development, progression and relapse. Oncogenic transformation of normal stem cells can give rise to CSCs, but CSCs can also originate from de-differentiation of bulk tumor cells. Thus, factors promoting the increase of normal stem cell pools or stimulating the acquisition of stemness features by tumor cells can have serious consequences on cancer origin and progression. In this review, we will first give an overview of the CSC model of cancer development and we will then discuss the role of life style factors, such as high caloric diet, alcohol drinking and smoking, on the widening of stem cell pools and the induction of CSC features in tumors. Finally, we will discuss some healthy life style factors that can help to prevent cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Chiodi
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare L. L. Cavalli-Sforza, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Mondello
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare L. L. Cavalli-Sforza, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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223
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Robino JJ, Pamir N, Rosario S, Crawford LB, Burwitz BJ, Roberts CT, Kurre P, Varlamov O. Spatial and biochemical interactions between bone marrow adipose tissue and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in rhesus macaques. Bone 2020; 133:115248. [PMID: 31972314 PMCID: PMC7085416 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in in situ microscopy have enabled unparalleled resolution of the architecture of the bone marrow (BM) niche for murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). However, the extent to which these observations can be extrapolated to human BM remains unknown. In humans, adipose tissue occupies a significant portion of the BM medullary cavity, making quantitative immunofluorescent analysis difficult due to lipid-mediated light scattering. In this study, we employed optical clearing, confocal microscopy and nearest neighbor analysis to determine the spatial distribution of CD34+ HSPCs in the BM in a translationally relevant rhesus macaque model. Immunofluorescent analysis revealed that femoral BM adipocytes are associated with the branches of vascular sinusoids, with half of HSPCs localizing in close proximity of the nearest BM adipocyte. Immunofluorescent microscopy and flow cytometric analysis demonstrate that BM adipose tissue exists as a multicellular niche consisted of adipocytes, endothelial cells, granulocytes, and macrophages. Analysis of BM adipose tissue conditioned media using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed the presence of multiple bioactive proteins involved in regulation of hematopoiesis, inflammation, and bone development, with many predicted to reside inside microvesicles. Pretreatment of purified HSPCs with BM adipose tissue conditioned media, comprising soluble and exosomal/microvesicle-derived factors, led to enhanced proliferation and an increase in granulocyte-monocyte differentiation potential ex vivo. Our work extends extensive studies in murine models, indicating that BM adipose tissue is a central paracrine regulator of hematopoiesis in nonhuman primates and possibly in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Robino
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Nathalie Pamir
- Department of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Sara Rosario
- Department of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Lindsey B Crawford
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Benjamin J Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA; Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Center, USA
| | - Charles T Roberts
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA; Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Center, USA
| | - Peter Kurre
- Comprehensive Bone Marrow Failure Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Oleg Varlamov
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
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224
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Chiloff DM, de Almeida DC, Dalboni MA, Canziani ME, George SK, Morsi AM, El-Akabawy N, Porada CD, Durao MS, Zarjou A, Almeida-Porada G, Goes MA. Soluble Fas affects erythropoiesis in vitro and acts as a potential predictor of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F861-F869. [PMID: 32003597 PMCID: PMC7474254 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00433.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum soluble Fas (sFas) levels are associated with erythropoietin (Epo) hyporesponsiveness in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Whether sFas could predict the need for erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) usage and its influence in erythropoiesis remain unclear. We evaluated the relation between sFas and ESA therapy in patients with CKD with anemia and its effect on erythropoiesis in vitro. First, we performed a retrospective cohort study with 77 anemic patients with nondialysis CKD. We performed in vitro experiments to investigate whether sFas could interfere with the behavior of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). HSCs were isolated from umbilical cord blood and incubated with recombinant sFas protein in a dose-dependent manner. Serum sFas positively correlated with Epo levels (r = 0.30, P = 0.001) but negatively with hemoglobin (r = -0.55, P < 0.001) and glomerular filtration rate (r = -0.58, P < 0.001) in patients with CKD at baseline. Elevated sFas serum levels (4,316 ± 897 vs. 2,776 ± 749, P < 0.001) with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (26.2 ± 10.1 vs. 33.5 ± 14.3, P = 0.01) and reduced hemoglobin concentration (11.1 ± 0.9 vs. 12.5 ± 1.2, P < 0.001) were identified in patients who required ESA therapy compared with patients with non-ESA. Afterward, we detected that the sFas level was slight correlated with a necessity of ESA therapy in patients with nondialysis CKD and anemia. In vitro assays demonstrated that the erythroid progenitor cell frequency negatively correlated with sFas concentration (r = -0.72, P < 0.001). There was decreased erythroid colony formation in vitro when CD34+ HSCs were incubated with a higher concentration of sFas protein (1.56 ± 0.29, 4.33 ± 0.53, P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that sFas is a potential predictor for ESA therapy in patients with nondialysis CKD and that elevated sFas could affect erythropoiesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria A Dalboni
- Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sunil K George
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | | | - Nadia El-Akabawy
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
- Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | - Miguel Angelo Goes
- Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
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225
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Targeted gene therapy into a safe harbor site in human hematopoietic progenitor cells. Gene Ther 2020; 27:435-450. [PMID: 32218505 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-020-0144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Directed gene therapy mediated by nucleases has become a new alternative to lead targeted integration of therapeutic genes in specific regions in the genome. In this work, we have compared the efficiency of two nuclease types, TALEN and meganucleases (MN), to introduce an EGFP reporter gene in a specific site in a safe harbor locus on chromosome 21 in an intergenic region, named here SH6. The efficiency of targeted integration mediated by SH6v5-MN and SH6-TALEN in HEK-293H cells was up to 16.3 and 15.0%. A stable expression was observed both in the pool of transfected cells and in established pseudoclones, with no detection of off-target integrations by Southern blot. In human hematopoietic stem and progenitor CD34+ cells, the nucleofection process preserved the viability and clonogenic capacity of nucleofected cells, reaching up to 3.1% of specific integration of the transgene in colony forming cells when the SH6-TALEN was used, although no expression of the transgene could be found in these cells. Our results show the possibility to specifically integrate genes at the SH6 locus in CD34+ progenitor cells, although further improvements in the efficacy of the procedure are required before this approach could be used for the gene editing of hematopoietic stem cells in patients with hematopoietic diseases.
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226
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Gupta R, Turati V, Brian D, Thrussel C, Wilbourn B, May G, Enver T. Nov/CCN3 Enhances Cord Blood Engraftment by Rapidly Recruiting Latent Human Stem Cell Activity. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:527-541.e8. [PMID: 32197066 PMCID: PMC7118368 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) has had considerable impact in pediatric stem cell transplantation, but its wider use is limited in part by unit size. Long-term ex vivo culture offers one approach to increase engraftment capacity by seeking to expand stem and progenitor cells. Here, we show brief incubation (8 h) of UCB CD34+ cells with the matricellular regulator Nov (CCN3) increases the frequency of serially transplantable hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) 6-fold. This rapid response suggests recruitment rather than expansion of stem cells; accordingly, in single-cell assays, Nov increases the clonogenicity of phenotypic HSCs without increasing their number through cell division. Recruitment is associated with both metabolic and transcriptional changes, and tracing of cell divisions demonstrates that the increased clonogenic activity resides within the undivided fraction of cells. Harnessing latent stem cell potential through recruitment-based approaches will inform understanding of stem cell state transitions with implications for translation to the clinic. NOV rapidly increases the number of functional HSCs in a single cord blood unit This is by direct recruitment without expansion or self-renewal ex vivo NOV reduces C-MYC and ROS but increases glycolytic enzymes in HSCs Manipulating non-dividing stem cells can alter their state and functional potential
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Gupta
- Stem Cell Group, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Manual Blood Sciences, Health Services Laboratories, The Halo Building, 1 Mabledon Place, London WC1H 9AX, UK
| | - Virginia Turati
- Stem Cell Group, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Duncan Brian
- Stem Cell Group, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Craig Thrussel
- Stem Cell Group, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Barry Wilbourn
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Gillian May
- Stem Cell Group, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tariq Enver
- Stem Cell Group, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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227
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Human hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and myeloid cell development in next-generation humanized mouse models. Blood Adv 2020; 3:268-274. [PMID: 30696625 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018023887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Next-generation humanized mice differentially support human HSPC maintenance and myelopoiesis. MISTRG mice support long-term human HSPC maintenance demonstrated by quaternary transplantation and development of human tissue macrophages.
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228
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Jahan S, Adam MK, Manesia JK, Doxtator E, Ben RN, Pineault N. Inhibition of ice recrystallization during cryopreservation of cord blood grafts improves platelet engraftment. Transfusion 2020; 60:769-778. [PMID: 32187691 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet engraftment following cord blood (CB) transplantation remains a significant hurdle to this day. The uncontrolled growth of ice, a process referred to as ice recrystallization, is one of several mechanisms that lead to cell loss and decreased potency during freezing and thawing. We hypothesized that reducing cell damage induced by ice recrystallization in CB units (CBUs) would reduce losses of stem and progenitor cells and therefore improve engraftment. We previously demonstrated that the ice recrystallization inhibitor (IRI) N-(2-fluorophenyl)-D-gluconamide (IRI 2) increases the postthaw recovery of CB progenitors. Herein, we set out to ascertain whether IRI 2 can enhance platelet and bone marrow engraftment activity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in cryopreserved CBUs using a serial transplantation model. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS CBUs were processed following standard volume/red blood cell reduction procedure and portions frozen with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) supplemented or not with IRI 2. Thawed CB samples were serially transplanted into immunodeficient mice. RESULTS Our results show that supplementation of DMSO with IRI 2 had several beneficial effects. Specifically, higher levels of human platelets were observed in the peripheral blood (p < 0.05; n = 4) upon transplant of CBUs preserved with the IRIs. In addition, human BM chimerism and the number of human CFU progenitors in the bone marrow were superior in IRI 2 recipients compared to DMSO recipients. Moreover, IRI 2 had no negative impact on the multilineage differentiation and self-renewal activities of HSCs. DISCUSSION Taken together, these results demonstrate that supplementation of a hematopoietic graft with IRI can improve the postthaw engraftment activities of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suria Jahan
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Madeleine K Adam
- Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Javed K Manesia
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily Doxtator
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert N Ben
- Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicolas Pineault
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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229
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Xu D, Yang M, Capitano M, Guo B, Liu S, Wan J, Broxmeyer HE, Huang X. Pharmacological activation of nitric oxide signaling promotes human hematopoietic stem cell homing and engraftment. Leukemia 2020; 35:229-234. [PMID: 32127640 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0787-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danhua Xu
- Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Maegan Capitano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,The Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Xinxin Huang
- Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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230
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Dupard SJ, Grigoryan A, Farhat S, Coutu DL, Bourgine PE. Development of Humanized Ossicles: Bridging the Hematopoietic Gap. Trends Mol Med 2020; 26:552-569. [PMID: 32470383 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic 'humanized ossicles' (hOss) are miniaturized, engineered human bone organs in mice displaying a similar structure and function to native mouse bones. However, they are composed of human mesenchymal derived cells forming a humanized bone marrow niche. This in vivo reconstitution of human skeletal and hematopoietic compartments provides an opportunity to investigate the cellular and molecular processes involved in their establishment and functions in a human setting. However, current hOs strategies vary in their engineering methods and their downstream applications, undermining comprehensive exploitation of their potential. This review describes the specificities of the hOs models and highlights their potential and limits. Ultimately, we propose directions for the development of hOss as a technological platform for human hematopoietic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Dupard
- Laboratory for Cell, Tissue, and Organ engineering, Department of Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ani Grigoryan
- Laboratory for Cell, Tissue, and Organ engineering, Department of Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stephanie Farhat
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Division of Orthopedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel L Coutu
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Division of Orthopedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Paul E Bourgine
- Laboratory for Cell, Tissue, and Organ engineering, Department of Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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231
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Lee-Six H, Kent DG. Tracking hematopoietic stem cells and their progeny using whole-genome sequencing. Exp Hematol 2020; 83:12-24. [PMID: 32007478 PMCID: PMC7118367 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of progress in our understanding of hematopoiesis through the study of animal models and transplantation in humans, investigating physiological human hematopoiesis directly has remained challenging. Questions on the clonal structure of the human hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool, such as "how many HSCs are there?" and "do all HSC clones actively produce all blood cell types in equal proportions?" remain open. These questions have inherent value for understanding normal human physiology, but also directly inform our comprehension of the process by which the system is subverted to drive diseases of the blood, in particular blood cancers and bone marrow failure syndromes. The critical link between normal and abnormal hematopoiesis is perhaps best illustrated by the recent discovery of clonal hematopoiesis in healthy people with no abnormal blood parameters. In such individuals, large clones derived from single cells are present and are dominant relative to their normal counterparts, but their presence does not necessitate abnormal blood cell production. Intriguingly, however, these individuals are also at a significantly greater risk of developing leukemias and of cardiovascular events, underscoring the importance of understanding how blood stem cell clones compete against each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Lee-Six
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - David G Kent
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom; Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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232
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Hellmich C, Moore JA, Bowles KM, Rushworth SA. Bone Marrow Senescence and the Microenvironment of Hematological Malignancies. Front Oncol 2020; 10:230. [PMID: 32161723 PMCID: PMC7052485 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence is the irreversible arrest of cell proliferation that has now been shown to play an important role in both health and disease. With increasing age senescent cells accumulate throughout the body, including the bone marrow and this has been associated with a number of age-related pathologies including malignancies. It has been shown that the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) creates a pro-tumoural environment that supports proliferation and survival of malignant cells. Understanding the role of senescent cells in tumor development better may help us to identify new treatment targets to impair tumor survival and reduce treatment resistance. In this review, we will specifically discuss the role of senescence in the aging bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. Many BM disorders are age-related diseases and highly dependent on the BM microenvironment. Despite advances in drug development the prognosis particularly for older patients remains poor and new treatment approaches are needed to improve outcomes for patients. In this review, we will focus on the relationship of senescence and hematological malignancies, how senescence promotes cancer development and how malignant cells induce senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Hellmich
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Department of Haematology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie A Moore
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Kristian M Bowles
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Department of Haematology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A Rushworth
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
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233
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Cole AJ, Fayomi AP, Anyaeche VI, Bai S, Buckanovich RJ. An evolving paradigm of cancer stem cell hierarchies: therapeutic implications. Theranostics 2020; 10:3083-3098. [PMID: 32194856 PMCID: PMC7053211 DOI: 10.7150/thno.41647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over a decade of research has confirmed the critical role of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) in tumor initiation, chemoresistance, and metastasis. Increasingly, CSC hierarchies have begun to be defined with some recurring themes. This includes evidence that these hierarchies are 'flexible,' with both cell state transitions and dedifferentiation events possible. These findings pose therapeutic hurdles and opportunities. Here, we review cancer stem cell hierarchies and their interactions with the tumor microenvironment. We also discuss the current therapeutic approaches designed to target CSC hierarchies and initial clinical trial results for CSC targeting agents. While cancer stem cell targeted therapies are still in their infancy, we are beginning to see encouraging results that suggest a positive outlook for CSC-targeting approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Cole
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adetunji P Fayomi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Shoumei Bai
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ronald J Buckanovich
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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234
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Cyclosporine H Improves the Multi-Vector Lentiviral Transduction of Murine Haematopoietic Progenitors and Stem Cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1812. [PMID: 32020016 PMCID: PMC7000727 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58724-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the potential for lifetime production of blood and immune cells. The introduction of transgenes into HSCs is important for basic research, as well as for multiple clinical applications, because HSC transplantation is an already established procedure. Recently, a major advancement has been reported in the use of cyclosporine H (CsH), which can significantly enhance the lentivirus (LV) transduction of human haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). In this study, we employed CsH for LV transduction of murine HSCs and defined haematopoietic progenitors, confirming previous findings in more specific subsets of primitive haematopoietic cells. Our data confirm increased efficiencies, in agreement with the published data. We further experimented with the transduction with the simultaneous use of several vectors. The use of CsH yielded an even more robust increase in rates of multi-vector infection than the increase for a single-vector. CsH was reported to reduce the innate resistance mechanism against LV infection. We indeed found that additional pretreatment could increase the efficiency of transduction, in agreement with the originally reported results. Our data also suggest that CsH does not reduce the efficiency of transplantation into immune-competent hosts or the differentiation of HSCs while enhancing stable long-term expression in vivo. This new additive will surely help many studies in animal models and might be very useful for the development of novel HSC gene therapy approaches.
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235
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On-chip recapitulation of clinical bone marrow toxicities and patient-specific pathophysiology. Nat Biomed Eng 2020; 4:394-406. [PMID: 31988457 PMCID: PMC7160021 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-019-0495-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The inaccessibility of living bone marrow hampers the study of its pathophysiology under myelotoxic stress induced by drugs, radiation or genetic mutations. Here, we show that a vascularized human bone-marrow-on-a-chip supports the differentiation and maturation of multiple blood-cell lineages over 4 weeks while improving CD34+ cell maintenance, and that it recapitulates aspects of marrow injury, including myeloerythroid toxicity after clinically relevant exposures to chemotherapeutic drugs and ionizing radiation as well as marrow recovery after drug-induced myelosuppression. The chip comprises a fluidic channel filled with a fibrin gel in which CD34+ cells and bone-marrow-derived stromal cells are co-cultured, a parallel channel lined by human vascular endothelium and perfused with culture medium, and a porous membrane separating the two channels. We also show that bone-marrow chips containing cells from patients with the rare genetic disorder Shwachman–Diamond syndrome reproduced key haematopoietic defects and led to the discovery of a neutrophil-maturation abnormality. As an in vitro model of haematopoietic dysfunction, the bone-marrow-on-a-chip may serve as a human-specific alternative to animal testing for the study of bone-marrow pathophysiology.
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236
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Zhu YP, Padgett L, Dinh HQ, Marcovecchio P, Blatchley A, Wu R, Ehinger E, Kim C, Mikulski Z, Seumois G, Madrigal A, Vijayanand P, Hedrick CC. Identification of an Early Unipotent Neutrophil Progenitor with Pro-tumoral Activity in Mouse and Human Bone Marrow. Cell Rep 2020; 24:2329-2341.e8. [PMID: 30157427 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are short-lived cells that play important roles in both health and disease. Neutrophils and monocytes originate from the granulocyte monocyte progenitor (GMP) in bone marrow; however, unipotent neutrophil progenitors are not well defined. Here, we use cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) methodologies to identify a committed unipotent early-stage neutrophil progenitor (NeP) in adult mouse bone marrow. Importantly, we found a similar unipotent NeP (hNeP) in human bone marrow. Both NeP and hNeP generate only neutrophils. NeP and hNeP both significantly increase tumor growth when transferred into murine cancer models, including a humanized mouse model. hNeP are present in the blood of treatment-naive melanoma patients but not of healthy subjects. hNeP can be readily identified by flow cytometry and could be used as a biomarker for early cancer discovery. Understanding the biology of hNeP should allow the development of new therapeutic targets for neutrophil-related diseases, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Peipei Zhu
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Lindsey Padgett
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Huy Q Dinh
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Paola Marcovecchio
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Amy Blatchley
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Runpei Wu
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Erik Ehinger
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Cheryl Kim
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Zbigniew Mikulski
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gregory Seumois
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ariel Madrigal
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Pandurangan Vijayanand
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Catherine C Hedrick
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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237
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Zimran E, Papa L, Djedaini M, Patel A, Iancu-Rubin C, Hoffman R. Expansion and preservation of the functional activity of adult hematopoietic stem cells cultured ex vivo with a histone deacetylase inhibitor. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:531-542. [PMID: 31950644 PMCID: PMC7103619 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Attempts to expand ex vivo the numbers of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) without compromising their marrow repopulating capacity and their ability to establish multilineage hematopoiesis has been the subject of intense investigation. Although most such efforts have focused on cord blood HSCs, few have been applied to adult HSCs, a more clinically relevant HSC source for gene modification. To date, the strategies that have been used to expand adult HSCs have resulted in modest effects or HSCs with lineage bias and a limited ability to generate T cells in vivo. We previously reported that culturing umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells in serum‐free media supplemented with valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and a combination of cytokines led to the expansion of the numbers of fully functional HSCs. In the present study, we used this same approach to expand the numbers of adult human CD34+ cells isolated from mobilized peripheral blood and bone marrow. This approach resulted in a significant increase in the numbers of phenotypically defined HSCs (CD34+CD45RA‐CD90+D49f+). Cells incubated with VPA also exhibited increased aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, each functional markers of HSCs. Grafts harvested from VPA‐treated cultures were able to engraft in immune‐deficient mice and, importantly, to generate cellular progeny belonging to each hematopoietic lineage in similar proportion to that observed with unmanipulated CD34+ cells. These data support the utility of VPA‐mediated ex vivo HSC expansion for gene modification of adult HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eran Zimran
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Hematology Department, Hadassah University Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Luena Papa
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Mansour Djedaini
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Ami Patel
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Camelia Iancu-Rubin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Ronald Hoffman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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238
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Thom CS, Chou ST, French DL. Mechanistic and Translational Advances Using iPSC-Derived Blood Cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2020; 1:36-44. [PMID: 33768218 PMCID: PMC7990314 DOI: 10.33696/pathology.1.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based model systems can be used to produce blood cells for the study of both hematologic and non-hematologic disorders. This commentary discusses recent advances that have utilized iPSC-derived red blood cells, megakaryocytes, myeloid cells, and lymphoid cells to model hematopoietic disorders. In addition, we review recent studies that have defined how microglial cells differentiated from iPSC-derived monocytes impact neurodegenerative disease. Related translational insights highlight the utility of iPSC models for studying pathologic anemia, bleeding, thrombosis, autoimmunity, immunodeficiency, blood cancers, and neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Thom
- Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stella T Chou
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Deborah L French
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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239
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Tonra JR, Lloyd GK, Mohanlal R, Huang L. Plinabulin ameliorates neutropenia induced by multiple chemotherapies through a mechanism distinct from G-CSF therapies. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 85:461-468. [PMID: 31811421 PMCID: PMC7015961 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) increases the risk of infections and mortality in cancer patients. G-CSF therapies are approved for the treatment of CIN, but non-G-CSF therapies are needed to increase efficacy and minimize side effects. Plinabulin is an inhibitor of tubulin polymerization that ameliorates CIN caused in patients by the microtubule stabilizer docetaxel. The present study evaluates the potential of plinabulin to reduce neutropenia induced by chemotherapies of different classes in a manner not dependent on increasing G-CSF. METHODS The anti-CIN benefits of plinabulin were tested in rodents co-treated with docetaxel, cyclophosphamide or doxorubicin. Effects on G-CSF levels were evaluated in tissues by immunoassay. Flow cytometry was utilized to test treatment effects on femur bone marrow cell counts from immunocompetent mice-bearing orthotopic 4T1 breast cancer tumors. RESULTS Plinabulin alleviated neutropenia induced by microtubule stabilizing, DNA cross-linking and DNA intercalating chemotherapies, yet did not affect bone marrow or blood G-CSF levels. The number of lineage-/Sca1+/c-Kit+ (LSK) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) in murine bone marrow collected 2 days after treatment was not affected by docetaxel monotherapy despite increased plasma G-CSF in this group. LSK cell number was, however, increased when plinabulin was combined with docetaxel, without affecting G-CSF. CONCLUSIONS Results support the clinical testing of plinabulin as a non-G-CSF-based treatment for CIN associated with chemotherapies of different mechanisms. Results also support HSPC as a focal point for future mechanism-of-action work aimed at understanding the ability of plinabulin to reduce this serious side effect of cytotoxic therapy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Tonra
- BeyondSpring Pharmaceuticals, 28 Liberty Street, 39th Floor, New York, NY, USA.
| | - G Kenneth Lloyd
- BeyondSpring Pharmaceuticals, 28 Liberty Street, 39th Floor, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ramon Mohanlal
- BeyondSpring Pharmaceuticals, 28 Liberty Street, 39th Floor, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lan Huang
- BeyondSpring Pharmaceuticals, 28 Liberty Street, 39th Floor, New York, NY, USA
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240
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Henry E, Souissi-Sahraoui I, Deynoux M, Lefèvre A, Barroca V, Campalans A, Ménard V, Calvo J, Pflumio F, Arcangeli ML. Human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells display reactive oxygen species-dependent long-term hematopoietic defects after exposure to low doses of ionizing radiations. Haematologica 2019; 105:2044-2055. [PMID: 31780635 PMCID: PMC7395291 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.226936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells are responsible for life-long blood cell production and are highly sensitive to exogenous stresses. The effects of low doses of ionizing radiations on radiosensitive tissues such as the hematopoietic tissue are still unknown despite their increasing use in medical imaging. Here, we study the consequences of low doses of ionizing radiations on differentiation and self-renewal capacities of human primary hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC). We found that a single 20 mGy dose impairs the hematopoietic reconstitution potential of human HSPC but not their differentiation properties. In contrast to high irradiation doses, low doses of irradiation do not induce DNA double strand breaks in HSPC but, similar to high doses, induce a rapid and transient increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that promotes activation of the p38MAPK pathway. HSPC treatment with ROS scavengers or p38MAPK inhibitor prior exposure to 20 mGy irradiation abolishes the 20 mGy-induced defects indicating that ROS and p38MAPK pathways are transducers of low doses of radiation effects. Taken together, these results show that a 20 mGy dose of ionizing radiation reduces the reconstitution potential of HSPC suggesting an effect on the self-renewal potential of human hematopoietic stem cells and pinpointing ROS or the p38MAPK as therapeutic targets. Inhibition of ROS or the p38MAPK pathway protects human primary HSPC from low-dose irradiation toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Henry
- INSERM, U1274, Laboratory "Niche, Cancer and Hematopoiesis".,CEA, DRF-JACOB-IRCM-SCSR-LSHL, UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation".,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation" Université de Paris.,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation", Université Paris-Saclay
| | - Inès Souissi-Sahraoui
- INSERM, U1274, Laboratory "Niche, Cancer and Hematopoiesis".,CEA, DRF-JACOB-IRCM-SCSR-LSHL, UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation".,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation" Université de Paris.,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation", Université Paris-Saclay
| | - Margaux Deynoux
- INSERM, U1274, Laboratory "Niche, Cancer and Hematopoiesis".,CEA, DRF-JACOB-IRCM-SCSR-LSHL, UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation".,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation" Université de Paris.,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation", Université Paris-Saclay
| | - Andréas Lefèvre
- INSERM, U1274, Laboratory "Niche, Cancer and Hematopoiesis".,CEA, DRF-JACOB-IRCM-SCSR-LSHL, UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation".,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation" Université de Paris.,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation", Université Paris-Saclay
| | - Vilma Barroca
- INSERM, U1274, Laboratory "Niche, Cancer and Hematopoiesis".,CEA, DRF-JACOB-IRCM-SCSR-LSHL, UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation".,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation" Université de Paris.,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation", Université Paris-Saclay
| | - Anna Campalans
- UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation" Université de Paris.,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation", Université Paris-Saclay.,CEA, DRF-JACOB-IRCM-SIGRR-LRIG, UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation"
| | - Véronique Ménard
- UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation" Université de Paris.,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation", Université Paris-Saclay.,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation", F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Julien Calvo
- INSERM, U1274, Laboratory "Niche, Cancer and Hematopoiesis".,CEA, DRF-JACOB-IRCM-SCSR-LSHL, UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation".,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation" Université de Paris.,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation", Université Paris-Saclay
| | - Françoise Pflumio
- INSERM, U1274, Laboratory "Niche, Cancer and Hematopoiesis".,CEA, DRF-JACOB-IRCM-SCSR-LSHL, UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation".,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation" Université de Paris.,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation", Université Paris-Saclay
| | - Marie-Laure Arcangeli
- INSERM, U1274, Laboratory "Niche, Cancer and Hematopoiesis" .,CEA, DRF-JACOB-IRCM-SCSR-LSHL, UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation".,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation" Université de Paris.,UMR "Genetic stability, Stem Cells and Radiation", Université Paris-Saclay
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241
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Mebendazole for Differentiation Therapy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Identified by a Lineage Maturation Index. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16775. [PMID: 31727951 PMCID: PMC6856101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate assessment of changes in cellular differentiation status in response to drug treatments or genetic perturbations is crucial for understanding tumorigenesis and developing novel therapeutics for human cancer. We have developed a novel computational approach, the Lineage Maturation Index (LMI), to define the changes in differentiation state of hematopoietic malignancies based on their gene expression profiles. We have confirmed that the LMI approach can detect known changes of differentiation state in both normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. To discover novel differentiation therapies, we applied this approach to analyze the gene expression profiles of HL-60 leukemia cells treated with a small molecule drug library. Among multiple drugs that significantly increased the LMIs, we identified mebendazole, an anti-helminthic clinically used for decades with no known significant toxicity. We tested the differentiation activity of mebendazole using primary leukemia blast cells isolated from human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. We determined that treatment with mebendazole induces dramatic differentiation of leukemia blast cells as shown by cellular morphology and cell surface markers. Furthermore, mebendazole treatment significantly extended the survival of leukemia-bearing mice in a xenograft model. These findings suggest that mebendazole may be utilized as a low toxicity therapeutic for human acute myeloid leukemia and confirm the LMI approach as a robust tool for the discovery of novel differentiation therapies for cancer.
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242
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Schraven AL, Stannard HJ, Ong OTW, Old JM. Immunogenetics of marsupial B-cells. Mol Immunol 2019; 117:1-11. [PMID: 31726269 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Marsupials and eutherians are mammals that differ in their physiological traits, predominately their reproductive and developmental strategies; eutherians give birth to well-developed young, while marsupials are born highly altricial after a much shorter gestation. These developmental traits also result in differences in the development of the immune system of eutherian and marsupial species. In eutherians, B-cells are the key to humoral immunity as they are found in multiple lymphoid organs and have the unique ability to mediate the production of antigen-specific antibodies in the presence of extracellular pathogens. The development of B-cells in marsupials has been reported and hypothesised to be similar to that of eutherians, except that haematopoiesis occurs in the liver, postpartum, until the bone marrow fully matures. In eutherians, specific genes are linked to specific stages in B-cell development, maturation, and differentiation processes, and have been identified including immunoglobulins (heavy and light chains), cluster of differentiation markers (CD10, 19, 34 and CD79α/β), signal transduction molecules (BTK, Lyn and Syk) and transcriptional regulators (EBF1, E2A, and Pax5). This review aims to discuss the known similarities and differences between marsupial and eutherian B-cells, in regards to their genetic presence, homology, and developmental stages, as well as to highlight the areas requiring further investigation. By enhancing our understanding of the genes that are involved with B-cells in the marsupial lineage, it will, in turn, aid our understanding of the marsupial immune system and support the development of specific immunological reagents for research and wildlife conservation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Schraven
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Campus, Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Hayley J Stannard
- Charles Sturt University, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Oselyne T W Ong
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julie M Old
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Campus, Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
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243
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Xie SZ, Garcia-Prat L, Voisin V, Ferrari R, Gan OI, Wagenblast E, Kaufmann KB, Zeng AGX, Takayanagi SI, Patel I, Lee EK, Jargstorf J, Holmes G, Romm G, Pan K, Shoong M, Vedi A, Luberto C, Minden MD, Bader GD, Laurenti E, Dick JE. Sphingolipid Modulation Activates Proteostasis Programs to Govern Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Self-Renewal. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 25:639-653.e7. [PMID: 31631013 PMCID: PMC6838675 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cellular stress responses serve as crucial decision points balancing persistence or culling of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for lifelong blood production. Although strong stressors cull HSCs, the linkage between stress programs and self-renewal properties that underlie human HSC maintenance remains unknown, particularly at quiescence exit when HSCs must also dynamically shift metabolic state. Here, we demonstrate distinct wiring of the sphingolipidome across the human hematopoietic hierarchy and find that genetic or pharmacologic modulation of the sphingolipid enzyme DEGS1 regulates lineage differentiation. Inhibition of DEGS1 in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells during the transition from quiescence to cellular activation with N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide activates coordinated stress pathways that coalesce on endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy programs to maintain immunophenotypic and functional HSCs. Thus, our work identifies a linkage between sphingolipid metabolism, proteostatic quality control systems, and HSC self-renewal and provides therapeutic targets for improving HSC-based cellular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Z Xie
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada.
| | - Laura Garcia-Prat
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Veronique Voisin
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S3E1, Canada
| | - Robin Ferrari
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Olga I Gan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Elvin Wagenblast
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Kerstin B Kaufmann
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Andy G X Zeng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Shin-Ichiro Takayanagi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada; R&D Division, Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Tokyo 194-8533, Japan
| | - Ishita Patel
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Esther K Lee
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Joseph Jargstorf
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Gareth Holmes
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Guy Romm
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Kristele Pan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Michelle Shoong
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Aditi Vedi
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chiara Luberto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Mark D Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada; Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S3E1, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Elisa Laurenti
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John E Dick
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada.
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244
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Zhu G, Brayer J, Padron E, Mulé JJ, Mailloux AW. OMIP-049: Analysis of Human Myelopoiesis and Myeloid Neoplasms. Cytometry A 2019; 93:982-986. [PMID: 30347519 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Genyuan Zhu
- Departments of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jason Brayer
- Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Eric Padron
- Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - James J Mulé
- Departments of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.,Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Adam W Mailloux
- Departments of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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245
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Bigildeev AE, Petinati NA, Drize NJ. How Methods of Molecular Biology Shape Our Understanding of the Hematopoietic System. Mol Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893319050029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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246
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Alisjahbana A, Mohammad I, Gao Y, Evren E, Ringqvist E, Willinger T. Human macrophages and innate lymphoid cells: Tissue-resident innate immunity in humanized mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 174:113672. [PMID: 31634458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are tissue-resident cells that play important roles in organ homeostasis and tissue immunity. Their intricate relationship with the organs they reside in allows them to quickly respond to perturbations of organ homeostasis and environmental challenges, such as infection and tissue injury. Macrophages and ILCs have been extensively studied in mice, yet important species-specific differences exist regarding innate immunity between humans and mice. Complementary to ex-vivo studies with human cells, humanized mice (i.e. mice with a human immune system) offer the opportunity to study human macrophages and ILCs in vivo within their surrounding tissue microenvironments. In this review, we will discuss how humanized mice have helped gain new knowledge about the basic biology of these cells, as well as their function in infectious and malignant conditions. Furthermore, we will highlight active areas of investigation related to human macrophages and ILCs, such as their cellular heterogeneity, ontogeny, tissue residency, and plasticity. In the near future, we expect more fundamental discoveries in these areas through the combined use of improved humanized mouse models together with state-of-the-art technologies, such as single-cell RNA-sequencing and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlisa Alisjahbana
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels allé 8, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Imran Mohammad
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels allé 8, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yu Gao
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels allé 8, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elza Evren
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels allé 8, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Ringqvist
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels allé 8, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tim Willinger
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels allé 8, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden.
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247
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Ruiz JP, Chen G, Haro Mora JJ, Keyvanfar K, Liu C, Zou J, Beers J, Bloomer H, Qanash H, Uchida N, Tisdale JF, Boehm M, Larochelle A. Robust generation of erythroid and multilineage hematopoietic progenitors from human iPSCs using a scalable monolayer culture system. Stem Cell Res 2019; 41:101600. [PMID: 31710911 PMCID: PMC6953424 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most promising objectives of clinical hematology is to derive engraftable autologous hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Progress in translating iPSC technologies to the clinic relies on the availability of scalable differentiation methodologies. In this study, human iPSCs were differentiated for 21 days using STEMdiff™, a monolayer-based approach for hematopoietic differentiation of human iPSCs that requires no replating, co-culture or embryoid body formation. Both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells were functionally characterized throughout differentiation. In the hematopoietic fraction, an early transient population of primitive CD235a+ erythroid progenitor cells first emerged, followed by hematopoietic progenitors with multilineage differentiation activity in vitro but no long-term engraftment potential in vivo. In later stages of differentiation, a nearly exclusive production of definitive erythroid progenitors was observed. In the non-hematopoietic fraction, we identified a prevalent population of mesenchymal stromal cells and limited arterial vascular endothelium (VE), suggesting that the cellular constitution of the monolayer may be inadequate to support the generation of HSCs with durable repopulating potential. Quantitative modulation of WNT/β-catenin and activin/nodal/TGFβ signaling pathways with CHIR/SB molecules during differentiation enhanced formation of arterial VE, definitive multilineage and erythroid progenitors, but was insufficient to orchestrate the generation of engrafting HSCs. Overall, STEMdiff™ provides a clinically-relevant and readily adaptable platform for the generation of erythroid and multilineage hematopoietic progenitors from human pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Ruiz
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Guibin Chen
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Juan Jesus Haro Mora
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Keyvan Keyvanfar
- Clinical Flow Core Facility, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Transgenic Core Facility, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Jizhong Zou
- iPSC Core Facility, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Jeanette Beers
- iPSC Core Facility, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Hanan Bloomer
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Husam Qanash
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, United States
| | - Naoya Uchida
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - John F Tisdale
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Manfred Boehm
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Andre Larochelle
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
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248
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Wang S, He X, Wu Q, Jiang L, Chen L, Yu Y, Zhang P, Huang X, Wang J, Ju Z, Min J, Wang F. Transferrin receptor 1-mediated iron uptake plays an essential role in hematopoiesis. Haematologica 2019; 105:2071-2082. [PMID: 31601687 PMCID: PMC7395265 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.224899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transferrin receptor 1 (Tfr1) mediates the endocytosis of diferric transferrin in order to transport iron, and Tfr1 has been suggested to play an important role in hematopoiesis. To study the role of Tfr1 in hematopoiesis, we generated hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) specific Tfr1 knockout mice. We found that Tfr1 conditional knockout mice reached full term but died within one week of birth. Further analyses revealed that Tfr1-deficient HSC had impaired development of all hematopoietic progenitors except thrombocytes and B lymphocytes. In addition, Tfr1-deficient cells had cellular iron deficiency, which blocked the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells, attenuated the commitment of hematopoietic lineages, and reduced the regeneration potential of HSC. Notably, hemin rescued the colony-forming capacity of Tfr1-deficient HSC, whereas expressing a mutant Tfr1 that lacks the protein's iron-transporting capacity failed to rescue hematopoiesis. These findings provide direct evidence that Tfr1 is essential for hematopoiesis through binding diferric transferrin to supply iron to cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufen Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhenjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing
| | - Xuyan He
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhenjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou
| | - Qian Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhenjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou
| | - Li Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhenjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou
| | - Liyun Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhenjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou
| | - Yingying Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhenjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou
| | - Pan Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhenjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxia Min
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhenjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou
| | - Fudi Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhenjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing.,Department of Nutrition, Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
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249
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Fan X, Wu C, Truitt LL, Espinoza DA, Sellers S, Bonifacino A, Zhou Y, Cordes SF, Krouse A, Metzger M, Donahue RE, Lu R, Dunbar CE. Clonal tracking of erythropoiesis in rhesus macaques. Haematologica 2019; 105:1813-1824. [PMID: 31582555 PMCID: PMC7327626 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.231811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The classical model of hematopoietic hierarchies is being reconsidered on the basis of data from in vitro assays and single cell expression profiling. Recent experiments suggested that the erythroid lineage might differentiate directly from multipotent hematopoietic stem cells / progenitors or from a highly biased subpopulation of stem cells, rather than transiting through common myeloid progenitors or megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors. We genetically barcoded autologous rhesus macaque stem and progenitor cells, allowing quantitative tracking of the in vivo clonal output of thousands of individual cells over time following transplantation. CD34+ cells were lentiviral-transduced with a high diversity barcode library, with the barcode in an expressed region of the provirus, allowing barcode retrieval from DNA or RNA, with each barcode representing an individual stem or progenitor cell clone. Barcode profiles from bone marrow CD45-CD71+ maturing nucleated red blood cells were compared with other lineages purified from the same bone marrow sample. There was very high correlation of barcode contributions between marrow nucleated red blood cells and other lineages, with the highest correlation between nucleated red blood cells and myeloid lineages, whether at earlier or later time points post transplantation, without obvious clonal contributions from highly erythroid-biased or restricted clones. A similar profile occurred even under stressors such as aging or erythropoietin stimulation. RNA barcode analysis on circulating mature red blood cells followed over long time periods demonstrated stable erythroid clonal contributions. Overall, in this nonhuman primate model with great relevance to human hematopoiesis, we documented continuous production of erythroid cells from multipotent, non-biased hematopoietic stem cell clones at steady-state or under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Fan
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Chuanfeng Wu
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Lauren L Truitt
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Diego A Espinoza
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stephanie Sellers
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Aylin Bonifacino
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Stefan F Cordes
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Allen Krouse
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Mark Metzger
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Robert E Donahue
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Rong Lu
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia E Dunbar
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
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250
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Gilchrist AE, Lee S, Hu Y, Harley BA. Soluble Signals and Remodeling in a Synthetic Gelatin-Based Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900751. [PMID: 31532901 PMCID: PMC6813872 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in the bone marrow within niches that provide microenvironmental signals in the form of biophysical cues, bound and diffusible biomolecules, and heterotypic cell-cell interactions that influence HSC fate decisions. This study seeks to inform the development of a synthetic culture platform that promotes ex vivo HSC expansion without exhaustion. A library of methacrylamide-functionalized gelatin (GelMA) hydrogels is used to explore remodeling and crosstalk from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) on the expansion and quiescence of murine HSCs. The use of a degradable GelMA hydrogel enables MSC-mediated remodeling, yielding dynamic shifts in the matrix environment over time. An initially low-diffusivity hydrogel for co-culture of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to MSCs facilitates maintenance of an early progenitor cell population over 7 days. Excitingly, this platform promotes retention of a quiescent HSC population compared to HSC monocultures. These studies reveal MSC-density-dependent upregulation of MMP-9 and changes in hydrogel mechanical properties (ΔE = 2.61 ± 0.72) suggesting MSC-mediated matrix remodeling may contribute to a dynamic culture environment. Herein, a 3D hydrogel is reported for ex vivo HSC culture, in which HSC expansion and quiescence is sensitive to hydrogel properties, MSC co-culture, and MSC-mediated hydrogel remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan E. Gilchrist
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Sunho Lee
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Yuhang Hu
- Department of Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Brendan A.C. Harley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL 61801
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL 61801
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