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Nguyen A, Loo JM, Mital R, Weinberg EM, Man FY, Zeng Z, Paty PB, Saltz L, Janjigian YY, de Stanchina E, Tavazoie SF. PKLR promotes colorectal cancer liver colonization through induction of glutathione synthesis. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:681-94. [PMID: 26784545 PMCID: PMC4731165 DOI: 10.1172/jci83587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer metastasis to the liver is a major cause of cancer-related death; however, the genes and pathways that govern this metastatic colonization event remain poorly characterized. Here, using a large-scale in vivo RNAi screen, we identified liver and red blood cell pyruvate kinase (PKLR) as a driver of metastatic liver colonization. PKLR expression was increased in liver metastases as well as in primary colorectal tumors of patients with metastatic disease. Evaluation of a murine liver colonization model revealed that PKLR promotes cell survival in the tumor core during conditions of high cell density and oxygen deprivation by increasing glutathione, the primary endogenous antioxidant. PKLR negatively regulated the glycolytic activity of PKM2, the major pyruvate kinase isoenzyme known to regulate cellular glutathione levels. Glutathione is critical for metastasis, and we determined that the rate-limiting enzyme of glutathione synthesis, GCLC, becomes overexpressed in patient liver metastases, promotes cell survival under hypoxic and cell-dense conditions, and mediates metastatic liver colonization. RNAi-mediated inhibition of glutathione synthesis impaired survival of multiple colon cancer cell lines, and pharmacological targeting of this metabolic pathway reduced colonization in a primary patient-derived xenograft model. Our findings highlight the impact of metabolic reprogramming within the niche as metastases progress and suggest clinical potential for targeting this pathway in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Nguyen
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jia Min Loo
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rohit Mital
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ethan M. Weinberg
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fung Ying Man
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial-Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA
| | - Sohail F. Tavazoie
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
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202
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Metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells: glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and Bcl-2 proteins as novel therapeutic targets for cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2016; 14:15. [PMID: 26791262 PMCID: PMC4721116 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-016-0769-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nearly a century ago, Otto Warburg made the ground-breaking observation that cancer cells, unlike normal cells, prefer a seemingly inefficient mechanism of glucose metabolism: aerobic glycolysis, a phenomenon now referred to as the Warburg effect. The finding that rapidly proliferating cancer cells favors incomplete metabolism of glucose, producing large amounts of lactate as opposed to synthesizing ATP to sustain cell growth, has confounded scientists for years. Further investigation into the metabolic phenotype of cancer has expanded our understanding of this puzzling conundrum, and has opened new avenues for the development of anti-cancer therapies. Enhanced glycolytic flux is now known to allow for increased synthesis of intermediates for sustaining anabolic pathways critical for cancer cell growth. Alongside the increase in glycolysis, cancer cells transform their mitochondria into synthesis machines supported by augmented glutaminolysis, supplying lipid production, amino acid synthesis, and the pentose phosphate pathways. Inhibition of several of the key enzymes involved in these pathways has been demonstrated to effectively obstruct cancer cell growth and multiplication, sensitizing them to apoptosis. The modulation of various regulatory proteins involved in metabolic processes is central to cancerous reprogramming of metabolism. The finding that members of one of the major protein families involved in cell death regulation also aberrantly regulated in cancers, the Bcl-2 family of proteins, are also critical mediators of metabolic pathways, provides strong evidence for the importance of the metabolic shift to cancer cell survival. Targeting the anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins is proving to be a successful way to selectively target cancer cells and induce apoptosis. Further understanding of how cancer cells modify metabolic regulation to increase channeling of substrates into biosynthesis will allow for the discovery of novel drug targets to treat cancer. In the present review, we focused on the recent developments in therapeutic targeting of different steps in glycolysis, glutaminolysis and on the metabolic regulatory role of Bcl-2 family proteins.
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203
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Benatti P, Chiaramonte ML, Lorenzo M, Hartley JA, Hochhauser D, Gnesutta N, Mantovani R, Imbriano C, Dolfini D. NF-Y activates genes of metabolic pathways altered in cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:1633-50. [PMID: 26646448 PMCID: PMC4811486 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The trimeric transcription factor NF-Y binds to the CCAAT box, an element enriched in promoters of genes overexpressed in tumors. Previous studies on the NF-Y regulome identified the general term metabolism as significantly enriched. We dissect here in detail the targeting of metabolic genes by integrating analysis of NF-Y genomic binding and profilings after inactivation of NF-Y subunits in different cell types. NF-Y controls de novo biosynthetic pathways of lipids, teaming up with the master SREBPs regulators. It activates glycolytic genes, but, surprisingly, is neutral or represses mitochondrial respiratory genes. NF-Y targets the SOCG (Serine, One Carbon, Glycine) and Glutamine pathways, as well as genes involved in the biosynthesis of polyamines and purines. Specific cancer-driving nodes are generally under NF-Y control. Altogether, these data delineate a coherent strategy to promote expression of metabolic genes fuelling anaerobic energy production and other anabolic pathways commonly altered in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Benatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Mariangela Lorenzo
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - John A. Hartley
- Cancer Research UK Drug-DNA Interactions Research Group, UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Hochhauser
- Cancer Research UK Drug-DNA Interactions Research Group, UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nerina Gnesutta
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Mantovani
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Carol Imbriano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Diletta Dolfini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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204
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Qiu P, Man S, Yang H, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ma L, Yu P, Gao W. Metabolic regulatory network alterations reveal different therapeutic effects of cisplatin and Rhizoma paridis saponins in Lewis pulmonary adenoma mice. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23382a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabonomics is used to compare the metabolic profiling of RPS and DDP in Lewis pulmonary adenoma mice; RPS is found to be a potent anticancer agent through inhibiting cancer cellular metabolism to suppress metastases in murine lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- Ministry of Education
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology
- College of Biotechnology
| | - Shuli Man
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- Ministry of Education
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology
- College of Biotechnology
| | - He Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- Ministry of Education
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology
- College of Biotechnology
| | - Yuanxue Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- Ministry of Education
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology
- College of Biotechnology
| | - Long Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- Ministry of Education
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology
- College of Biotechnology
| | - Peng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- Ministry of Education
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology
- College of Biotechnology
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
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205
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Fukuda S, Miyata H, Miyazaki Y, Makino T, Takahashi T, Kurokawa Y, Yamasaki M, Nakajima K, Takiguchi S, Mori M, Doki Y. Pyruvate Kinase M2 Modulates Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Chemotherapy Response by Regulating the Pentose Phosphate Pathway. Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 22 Suppl 3:S1461-8. [PMID: 25808097 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a key glycolytic enzyme that regulates the Warburg effect and is necessary for tumor growth. However, its role in chemoresistance has not been fully elucidated. METHODS PKM2 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in 205 tissue samples from thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients who had undergone curative surgery (100 patients with surgery alone and 105 patients with preoperative chemotherapy). The relationship between PKM2 expression and clinicopathological factors, including chemotherapy response was examined. In vitro assays were performed to determine the mechanism of PKM2-related chemoresistance, using esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. RESULTS PKM2 expression significantly correlated with tumor cell differentiation, tumor depth, and tumor stage. Strong PKM2 expression significantly correlated with decreased survival rates and poor response to chemotherapy. In vitro assays showed that PKM2 inhibition significantly decreased cisplatin resistance and increased apoptosis. In siPKM2-transfected cells, pyruvate kinase activity paradoxically increased, followed by increased intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. The ratio of NADPH/NADP, which is an indicator of glucose influx into pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), significantly decreased in siPKM2-transfected cells upon cisplatin treatment compared with control cells. CONCLUSIONS PKM2 expression is associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma chemoresistance. PKM2 inhibition can restore cisplatin sensitivity by inactivating PPP.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Esophageal Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Esophageal Neoplasms/metabolism
- Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Glycolysis/drug effects
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Staging
- Pentose Phosphate Pathway/drug effects
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Survival Rate
- Thyroid Hormones/genetics
- Thyroid Hormones/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Thyroid Hormone-Binding Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Miyazaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoki Makino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukinori Kurokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuji Takiguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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206
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Wu S, Yin X, Fang X, Zheng J, Li L, Liu X, Chu L. c-MYC responds to glucose deprivation in a cell-type-dependent manner. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15057. [PMID: 27551483 PMCID: PMC4979460 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming supports cancer cells’ demands for rapid proliferation and growth. Previous work shows that oncogenes, such as MYC, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1), have a central role in driving metabolic reprogramming. A lot of metabolic enzymes, which are deregulated in most cancer cells, are the targets of these oncogenes. However, whether metabolic change affects these oncogenes is still unclear. Here we show that glucose deprivation (GD) affects c-MYC protein levels in a cell-type-dependent manner regardless of P53 mutation status. GD dephosphorylates and then decreases c-MYC protein stability through PI3K signaling pathway in HeLa cells, but not in MDA-MB-231 cells. Role of c-MYC in sensitivity of GD also varies with cell types. c-MYC-mediated glutamine metabolism partially improves the sensitivity of GD in MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results reveal that the heterogeneity of cancer cells in response to metabolic stress should be considered in metabolic therapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - X Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - X Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - J Zheng
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - L Li
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - X Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - L Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
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207
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Abstract
The intestine is supported by a complex vascular system that undergoes dynamic and transient daily shifts in blood perfusion, depending on the metabolic state. Moreover, the intestinal villi have a steep oxygen gradient from the hypoxic epithelium adjacent to the anoxic lumen to the relative higher tissue oxygenation at the base of villi. Due to the daily changes in tissue oxygen levels in the intestine, the hypoxic transcription factors hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α are essential in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. HIF-2α is essential in maintaining proper micronutrient balance, the inflammatory response, and the regenerative and proliferative capacity of the intestine following an acute injury. However, chronic activation of HIF-2α leads to enhanced proinflammatory response, intestinal injury, and colorectal cancer. In this review, we detail the major mechanisms by which HIF-2α contributes to health and disease of the intestine and the therapeutic implications of targeting HIF-2α in intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yatrik M Shah
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology and.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109;
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208
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Zhang LF, Lou JT, Lu MH, Gao C, Zhao S, Li B, Liang S, Li Y, Li D, Liu MF. Suppression of miR-199a maturation by HuR is crucial for hypoxia-induced glycolytic switch in hepatocellular carcinoma. EMBO J 2015; 34:2671-85. [PMID: 26346275 PMCID: PMC4641532 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201591803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. Cancer cells rapidly adjust their energy source from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolytic metabolism in order to efficiently proliferate in a hypoxic environment, but the mechanism underlying this switch is still incompletely understood. Here, we report that hypoxia potently induces the RNA-binding protein HuR to specifically bind primary miR-199a transcript to block miR-199a maturation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We demonstrate that this hypoxia-suppressed miR-199a plays a decisive role in limiting glycolysis in HCC cells by targeting hexokinase-2 (Hk2) and pyruvate kinase-M2 (Pkm2). Furthermore, systemically delivered cholesterol-modified agomiR-199a inhibits [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and attenuates tumor growth in HCC tumor-bearing mice. These data reveal a novel mechanism of reprogramming of cancer energy metabolism in which HuR suppresses miR-199a maturation to link hypoxia to the Warburg effect and suggest a promising therapeutic strategy that targets miR-199a to interrupt cancerous aerobic glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Fei Zhang
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Tao Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Hua Lu
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunfang Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Micro PET Center, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Liang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Dangsheng Li
- Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mo-Fang Liu
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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209
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Huang J, Xie Y, Sun X, Zeh HJ, Kang R, Lotze MT, Tang D. DAMPs, ageing, and cancer: The 'DAMP Hypothesis'. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 24:3-16. [PMID: 25446804 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is a complex and multifactorial process characterized by the accumulation of many forms of damage at the molecular, cellular, and tissue level with advancing age. Ageing increases the risk of the onset of chronic inflammation-associated diseases such as cancer, diabetes, stroke, and neurodegenerative disease. In particular, ageing and cancer share some common origins and hallmarks such as genomic instability, epigenetic alteration, aberrant telomeres, inflammation and immune injury, reprogrammed metabolism, and degradation system impairment (including within the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the autophagic machinery). Recent advances indicate that damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) such as high mobility group box 1, histones, S100, and heat shock proteins play location-dependent roles inside and outside the cell. These provide interaction platforms at molecular levels linked to common hallmarks of ageing and cancer. They can act as inducers, sensors, and mediators of stress through individual plasma membrane receptors, intracellular recognition receptors (e.g., advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptors, AIM2-like receptors, RIG-I-like receptors, and NOD1-like receptors, and toll-like receptors), or following endocytic uptake. Thus, the DAMP Hypothesis is novel and complements other theories that explain the features of ageing. DAMPs represent ideal biomarkers of ageing and provide an attractive target for interventions in ageing and age-associated diseases.
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210
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Viana R, Lujan P, Sanz P. The laforin/malin E3-ubiquitin ligase complex ubiquitinates pyruvate kinase M1/M2. BMC BIOCHEMISTRY 2015; 16:24. [PMID: 26493215 PMCID: PMC4619252 DOI: 10.1186/s12858-015-0053-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lafora disease (LD, OMIM 254780) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder produced mainly by mutations in two genes: EPM2A, encoding the dual specificity phosphatase laforin, and EPM2B, encoding the E3-ubiquitin ligase malin. Although it is known that laforin and malin may form a functional complex, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this pathology are still far from being understood. METHODS In order to gain information about the substrates of the laforin/malin complex, we have carried out a yeast substrate-trapping screening, originally designed to identify substrates of protein tyrosine phosphatases. RESULTS Our results identify the two muscular isoforms of pyruvate kinase (PKM1 and PKM2) as novel interaction partners of laforin. CONCLUSIONS We present evidence indicating that the laforin/malin complex is able to interact with and ubiquitinate both PKM1 and PKM2. This post-translational modification, although it does not affect the catalytic activity of PKM1, it impairs the nuclear localization of PKM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Viana
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Jaime Roig 11, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Pablo Lujan
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Jaime Roig 11, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Pascual Sanz
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Jaime Roig 11, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
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211
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Giannoni E, Taddei ML, Morandi A, Comito G, Calvani M, Bianchini F, Richichi B, Raugei G, Wong N, Tang D, Chiarugi P. Targeting stromal-induced pyruvate kinase M2 nuclear translocation impairs oxphos and prostate cancer metastatic spread. Oncotarget 2015; 6:24061-74. [PMID: 26183399 PMCID: PMC4695170 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key determinants of cancer progression. In prostate carcinoma (PCa), CAFs induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metabolic reprogramming of PCa cells towards oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), promoting tumor growth and metastatic dissemination. We herein establish a novel role for pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), an established effector of Warburg-like glycolytic behavior, in OXPHOS metabolism induced by CAFs. Indeed, CAFs promote PKM2 post-translational modifications, such as cysteine oxidation and Src-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation, allowing nuclear migration of PKM2 and the formation of a trimeric complex with hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and the transcriptional repressor Differentially Expressed in Chondrocytes-1 (DEC1). DEC1 recruitment is mandatory for downregulating miR205 expression, thereby fostering EMT execution and metabolic switch toward OXPHOS. Furthermore, the analysis of a cohort of PCa patients reveals a significant positive correlation between PKM2 nuclear localization and cancer aggressiveness, thereby validating our in vitro observations. Crucially, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological targeting of PKM2 nuclear translocation using DASA-58, as well as metformin, impairs metastatic dissemination of PCa cells in SCID mice. Our study indicates that impairing the metabolic tumor:stroma interplay by targeting the PKM2/OXPHOS axis, may be a valuable novel therapeutic approach in aggressive prostate carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Giannoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Taddei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Morandi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Comito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Maura Calvani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Raugei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Nicholas Wong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, L8N4A6, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Damu Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, L8N4A6, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
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Exploring the Altered Dynamics of Mammalian Central Carbon Metabolic Pathway in Cancer Cells: A Classical Control Theoretic Approach. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137728. [PMID: 26367460 PMCID: PMC4569588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contrast with normal cells, most of the cancer cells depend on aerobic glycolysis for energy production in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bypassing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, compared to normal cells, cancer cells exhibit higher consumption of glucose with higher production of lactate. Again, higher rate of glycolysis provides the necessary glycolytic intermediary precursors for DNA, protein and lipid synthesis to maintain high active proliferation of the tumor cells. In this scenario, classical control theory based approach may be useful to explore the altered dynamics of the cancer cells. Since the dynamics of the cancer cells is different from that of the normal cells, understanding their dynamics may lead to development of novel therapeutic strategies. METHOD We have developed a model based on the state space equations of classical control theory along with an order reduction technique to mimic the actual dynamic behavior of mammalian central carbon metabolic (CCM) pathway in normal cells. Here, we have modified Michaelis Menten kinetic equation to incorporate feedback mechanism along with perturbations and cross talks associated with a metabolic pathway. Furthermore, we have perturbed the proposed model to reduce the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Thereafter, we have connected proportional-integral (PI) controller(s) with the model for tuning it to behave like the CCM pathway of a cancer cell. This methodology allows one to track the altered dynamics mediated by different enzymes. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The proposed model successfully mimics all the probable dynamics of the CCM pathway in normal cells. Moreover, experimental results demonstrate that in cancer cells, a coordination among enzymes catalyzing pentose phosphate pathway and intermediate glycolytic enzymes along with switching of pyruvate kinase (M2 isoform) plays an important role to maintain their altered dynamics.
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Goodson WH, Lowe L, Carpenter DO, Gilbertson M, Manaf Ali A, Lopez de Cerain Salsamendi A, Lasfar A, Carnero A, Azqueta A, Amedei A, Charles AK, Collins AR, Ward A, Salzberg AC, Colacci A, Olsen AK, Berg A, Barclay BJ, Zhou BP, Blanco-Aparicio C, Baglole CJ, Dong C, Mondello C, Hsu CW, Naus CC, Yedjou C, Curran CS, Laird DW, Koch DC, Carlin DJ, Felsher DW, Roy D, Brown DG, Ratovitski E, Ryan EP, Corsini E, Rojas E, Moon EY, Laconi E, Marongiu F, Al-Mulla F, Chiaradonna F, Darroudi F, Martin FL, Van Schooten FJ, Goldberg GS, Wagemaker G, Nangami GN, Calaf GM, Williams G, Wolf GT, Koppen G, Brunborg G, Lyerly HK, Krishnan H, Ab Hamid H, Yasaei H, Sone H, Kondoh H, Salem HK, Hsu HY, Park HH, Koturbash I, Miousse IR, Scovassi AI, Klaunig JE, Vondráček J, Raju J, Roman J, Wise JP, Whitfield JR, Woodrick J, Christopher JA, Ochieng J, Martinez-Leal JF, Weisz J, Kravchenko J, Sun J, Prudhomme KR, Narayanan KB, Cohen-Solal KA, Moorwood K, Gonzalez L, Soucek L, Jian L, D'Abronzo LS, Lin LT, Li L, Gulliver L, McCawley LJ, Memeo L, Vermeulen L, Leyns L, Zhang L, Valverde M, Khatami M, Romano MF, Chapellier M, Williams MA, Wade M, Manjili MH, Lleonart ME, Xia M, Gonzalez MJ, Karamouzis MV, Kirsch-Volders M, Vaccari M, Kuemmerle NB, Singh N, Cruickshanks N, Kleinstreuer N, van Larebeke N, Ahmed N, Ogunkua O, Krishnakumar PK, Vadgama P, Marignani PA, Ghosh PM, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Thompson PA, Dent P, Heneberg P, Darbre P, Sing Leung P, Nangia-Makker P, Cheng QS, Robey RB, Al-Temaimi R, Roy R, Andrade-Vieira R, Sinha RK, Mehta R, Vento R, Di Fiore R, Ponce-Cusi R, Dornetshuber-Fleiss R, Nahta R, Castellino RC, Palorini R, Abd Hamid R, Langie SAS, Eltom SE, Brooks SA, Ryeom S, Wise SS, Bay SN, Harris SA, Papagerakis S, Romano S, Pavanello S, Eriksson S, Forte S, Casey SC, Luanpitpong S, Lee TJ, Otsuki T, Chen T, Massfelder T, Sanderson T, Guarnieri T, Hultman T, Dormoy V, Odero-Marah V, Sabbisetti V, Maguer-Satta V, Rathmell WK, Engström W, Decker WK, Bisson WH, Rojanasakul Y, Luqmani Y, Chen Z, Hu Z. Assessing the carcinogenic potential of low-dose exposures to chemical mixtures in the environment: the challenge ahead. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36 Suppl 1:S254-96. [PMID: 26106142 PMCID: PMC4480130 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-dose exposures to common environmental chemicals that are deemed safe individually may be combining to instigate carcinogenesis, thereby contributing to the incidence of cancer. This risk may be overlooked by current regulatory practices and needs to be vigorously investigated. Lifestyle factors are responsible for a considerable portion of cancer incidence worldwide, but credible estimates from the World Health Organization and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) suggest that the fraction of cancers attributable to toxic environmental exposures is between 7% and 19%. To explore the hypothesis that low-dose exposures to mixtures of chemicals in the environment may be combining to contribute to environmental carcinogenesis, we reviewed 11 hallmark phenotypes of cancer, multiple priority target sites for disruption in each area and prototypical chemical disruptors for all targets, this included dose-response characterizations, evidence of low-dose effects and cross-hallmark effects for all targets and chemicals. In total, 85 examples of chemicals were reviewed for actions on key pathways/mechanisms related to carcinogenesis. Only 15% (13/85) were found to have evidence of a dose-response threshold, whereas 59% (50/85) exerted low-dose effects. No dose-response information was found for the remaining 26% (22/85). Our analysis suggests that the cumulative effects of individual (non-carcinogenic) chemicals acting on different pathways, and a variety of related systems, organs, tissues and cells could plausibly conspire to produce carcinogenic synergies. Additional basic research on carcinogenesis and research focused on low-dose effects of chemical mixtures needs to be rigorously pursued before the merits of this hypothesis can be further advanced. However, the structure of the World Health Organization International Programme on Chemical Safety ‘Mode of Action’ framework should be revisited as it has inherent weaknesses that are not fully aligned with our current understanding of cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Goodson
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, 2100 Webster Street #401, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA, Getting to Know Cancer, Room 229A, 36 Arthur Street, Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 1X5, Canada, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK, Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, 5 University Pl., Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA, Getting to Know Cancer, Guelph N1G 1E4, Canada, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Tembila Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Univ. de Sevilla., Avda Manuel Siurot sn. 41013 Sevilla, Spain, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Florence 50134, Italy, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Hopkins Building, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6UB, UK, Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, Department of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK, Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, 40126 Bologna, Italy, Department of Chemicals and Radiation, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo N-0403, Norway, Planet Biotechnologies Inc., St Albert, Alberta T8N 5K4, Canada, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNI
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Room 229A, 36 Arthur Street, Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 1X5, Canada, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - David O Carpenter
- Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, 5 University Pl., Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | | | - Abdul Manaf Ali
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Tembila Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | | | - Ahmed Lasfar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Univ. de Sevilla., Avda Manuel Siurot sn. 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Amelia K Charles
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Hopkins Building, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6UB, UK
| | | | - Andrew Ward
- Department of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Anna C Salzberg
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Annamaria Colacci
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ann-Karin Olsen
- Department of Chemicals and Radiation, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo N-0403, Norway
| | - Arthur Berg
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Barry J Barclay
- Planet Biotechnologies Inc., St Albert, Alberta T8N 5K4, Canada
| | - Binhua P Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Carmen Blanco-Aparicio
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNIO, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Chenfang Dong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Chiara Mondello
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Chia-Wen Hsu
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3375, USA
| | - Christian C Naus
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Clement Yedjou
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
| | - Colleen S Curran
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Toxicology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Dale W Laird
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Daniel C Koch
- Stanford University Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Danielle J Carlin
- Superfund Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27560, USA
| | - Dean W Felsher
- Department of Medicine, Oncology and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Debasish Roy
- Department of Natural Science, The City University of New York at Hostos Campus, Bronx, NY 10451, USA
| | - Dustin G Brown
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA
| | - Edward Ratovitski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery/Head and Neck Cancer Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Rojas
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Institute for Biomedical Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, México
| | - Eun-Yi Moon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Korea
| | - Ezio Laconi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabio Marongiu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Ferdinando Chiaradonna
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy, SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Firouz Darroudi
- Human Safety and Environmental Research, Department of Health Sciences, College of North Atlantic, Doha 24449, State of Qatar
| | - Francis L Martin
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Frederik J Van Schooten
- Department of Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200, The Netherlands
| | - Gary S Goldberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
| | - Gerard Wagemaker
- Hacettepe University, Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Ankara 06640, Turkey
| | - Gladys N Nangami
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Gloria M Calaf
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA, Instituto de Alta Investigacion, Universidad de Tarapaca, Arica, Chile
| | - Graeme Williams
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6UB, UK
| | - Gregory T Wolf
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gudrun Koppen
- Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Gunnar Brunborg
- Department of Chemicals and Radiation, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo N-0403, Norway
| | - H Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Pathology, Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Harini Krishnan
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
| | - Hasiah Ab Hamid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 43400 Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hemad Yasaei
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences and the Health and Environment Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Hideko Sone
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibraki 3058506, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kondoh
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hosni K Salem
- Department of Urology, Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 11559, Egypt
| | - Hsue-Yin Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Hyun Ho Park
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongbuk 712-749, South Korea
| | - Igor Koturbash
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Isabelle R Miousse
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - A Ivana Scovassi
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - James E Klaunig
- Department of Environmental Health, Indiana University, School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, CZ-61265, Czech Republic
| | - Jayadev Raju
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Jesse Roman
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA, Robley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA
| | - Jonathan R Whitfield
- Mouse Models of Cancer Therapies Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordan Woodrick
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA
| | - Joseph A Christopher
- Cancer Research UK. Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Josiah Ochieng
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | | | - Judith Weisz
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033, USA
| | - Julia Kravchenko
- Department of Surgery, Pathology, Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kalan R Prudhomme
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | | | - Karine A Cohen-Solal
- Department of Medicine/Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Kim Moorwood
- Department of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Laetitia Gonzalez
- Laboratory for Cell Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laura Soucek
- Mouse Models of Cancer Therapies Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035 Barcelona, Spain, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Le Jian
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia, Department of Urology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Leandro S D'Abronzo
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Lin Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, The People's Republic of China
| | - Linda Gulliver
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Lisa J McCawley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Via Penninazzo 7, Viagrande (CT) 95029, Italy
| | - Louis Vermeulen
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Leyns
- Laboratory for Cell Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA
| | - Mahara Valverde
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Institute for Biomedical Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, México
| | - Mahin Khatami
- Inflammation and Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI) (Retired), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maria Fiammetta Romano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marion Chapellier
- Centre De Recherche En Cancerologie, De Lyon, Lyon, U1052-UMR5286, France
| | - Marc A Williams
- United States Army Institute of Public Health, Toxicology Portfolio-Health Effects Research Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Edgewood, MD 21010-5403, USA
| | - Mark Wade
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Masoud H Manjili
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Matilde E Lleonart
- Institut De Recerca Hospital Vall D'Hebron, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Menghang Xia
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3375, USA
| | - Michael J Gonzalez
- University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, School of Public Health, Nutrition Program, San Juan 00921, Puerto Rico
| | - Michalis V Karamouzis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Biomedical Research, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Monica Vaccari
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nancy B Kuemmerle
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre (Centre for Advanced Research), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 003, India
| | - Nichola Cruickshanks
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Biochemistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Nicole Kleinstreuer
- Integrated Laboratory Systems Inc., in support of the National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods, RTP, NC 27709, USA
| | - Nik van Larebeke
- Analytische, Milieu en Geochemie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel B1050, Belgium
| | - Nuzhat Ahmed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Olugbemiga Ogunkua
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - P K Krishnakumar
- Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 3126, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pankaj Vadgama
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Paola A Marignani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Paramita M Ghosh
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Patricia Ostrosky-Wegman
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Institute for Biomedical Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, México
| | - Patricia A Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, The State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8691, USA
| | - Paul Dent
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Biochemistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Petr Heneberg
- Charles University in Prague, Third Faculty of Medicine, CZ-100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Philippa Darbre
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6UB, England
| | - Po Sing Leung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, The People's Republic of China
| | | | - Qiang Shawn Cheng
- Computer Science Department, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - R Brooks Robey
- White River Junction Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, VT 05009, USA, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Rabeah Al-Temaimi
- Human Genetics Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya 13110, Kuwait
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA
| | - Rafaela Andrade-Vieira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Ranjeet K Sinha
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rekha Mehta
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Renza Vento
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Polyclinic Plexus, University of Palermo, Palermo 90127, Italy , Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Riccardo Di Fiore
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Polyclinic Plexus, University of Palermo, Palermo 90127, Italy
| | | | - Rita Dornetshuber-Fleiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria, Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Wien 1090, Austria
| | - Rita Nahta
- Departments of Pharmacology and Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Robert C Castellino
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA 30322, USA, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Roberta Palorini
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy, SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Roslida Abd Hamid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 43400 Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Sakina E Eltom
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Samira A Brooks
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sandra Ryeom
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sandra S Wise
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA
| | - Sarah N Bay
- Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Shelley A Harris
- Population Health and Prevention, Research, Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2L7, Canada, Departments of Epidemiology and Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Silvana Papagerakis
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Simona Romano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sofia Pavanello
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Staffan Eriksson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7011, VHC, Almas Allé 4, SE-756 51, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefano Forte
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Via Penninazzo 7, Viagrande (CT) 95029, Italy
| | - Stephanie C Casey
- Stanford University Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sudjit Luanpitpong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Tae-Jin Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 705-717, South Korea
| | - Takemi Otsuki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Matsushima Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Tao Chen
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Thierry Massfelder
- INSERM U1113, team 3 'Cell Signalling and Communication in Kidney and Prostate Cancer', University of Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, 67085 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Sanderson
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Tiziana Guarnieri
- Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi, 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy, Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Via Massarenti, 9, 40126 Bologna, Italy, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Viale Medaglie d' Oro, 305, 00136 Roma, Italy
| | - Tove Hultman
- Department of Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7028, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Valérian Dormoy
- INSERM U1113, team 3 'Cell Signalling and Communication in Kidney and Prostate Cancer', University of Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, 67085 Strasbourg, France, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Valerie Odero-Marah
- Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
| | - Venkata Sabbisetti
- Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Veronique Maguer-Satta
- United States Army Institute of Public Health, Toxicology Portfolio-Health Effects Research Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Edgewood, MD 21010-5403, USA
| | - W Kimryn Rathmell
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Wilhelm Engström
- Department of Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7028, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - William H Bisson
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Yon Rojanasakul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Yunus Luqmani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, PO Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait and
| | - Zhenbang Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Karakashev SV, Reginato MJ. Progress toward overcoming hypoxia-induced resistance to solid tumor therapy. Cancer Manag Res 2015; 7:253-64. [PMID: 26316817 PMCID: PMC4542411 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s58285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic tumors are associated with poor clinical outcome for multiple types of human cancer. This may be due, in part, to hypoxic cancer cells being resistant to anticancer therapy, including radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Hypoxia inducible factor 1, a major regulator of cellular response to hypoxia, regulates the expression of genes that are involved in multiple aspects of cancer biology, including cell survival, proliferation, metabolism, invasion, and angiogenesis. Here, we review multiple pathways regulated by hypoxia/hypoxia inducible factor 1 in cancer cells and discuss the latest advancements in overcoming hypoxia-mediated tumor resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Karakashev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mauricio J Reginato
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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215
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Lo AKF, Dawson CW, Young LS, Ko CW, Hau PM, Lo KW. Activation of the FGFR1 signalling pathway by the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded LMP1 promotes aerobic glycolysis and transformation of human nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. J Pathol 2015; 237:238-48. [PMID: 26096068 DOI: 10.1002/path.4575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The EBV-encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is believed to play an important role in NPC pathogenesis by virtue of its ability to activate multiple cell signalling pathways which collectively promote cell proliferation, transformation, angiogenesis, and invasiveness, as well as modulation of energy metabolism. In this study, we report that LMP1 increases cellular uptake of glucose and glutamine, enhances LDHA activity and lactate production, but reduces pyruvate kinase activity and pyruvate concentrations. LMP1 also increases the phosphorylation of PKM2, LDHA, and FGFR1, as well as the expression of PDHK1, FGFR1, c-Myc, and HIF-1α, regardless of oxygen availability. Collectively, these findings suggest that LMP1 promotes aerobic glycolysis. With respect to FGFR1 signalling, LMP1 not only increases FGFR1 expression, but also up-regulates FGF2, leading to constitutive activation of the FGFR1 signalling pathway. Furthermore, two inhibitors of FGFR1 (PD161570 and SU5402) attenuate LMP1-mediated aerobic glycolysis, cellular transformation (proliferation and anchorage-independent growth), cell migration, and invasion in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells, identifying FGFR1 signalling as a key pathway in LMP1-mediated growth transformation. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that high levels of phosphorylated FGFR1 are common in primary NPC specimens and that this correlated with the expression of LMP1. In addition, FGFR1 inhibitors suppress cell proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of NPC cells. Our current findings demonstrate that LMP1-mediated FGFR1 activation contributes to aerobic glycolysis and transformation of epithelial cells, thereby implicating FGF2/FGFR1 signalling activation in the EBV-driven pathogenesis of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Kwok-Fung Lo
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher W Dawson
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Chuen-Wai Ko
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Pok-Man Hau
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok-Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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216
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El Kasmi KC, Stenmark KR. Contribution of metabolic reprogramming to macrophage plasticity and function. Semin Immunol 2015; 27:267-75. [PMID: 26454572 PMCID: PMC4677817 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages display a spectrum of functional activation phenotypes depending on the composition of the microenvironment they reside in, including type of tissue/organ and character of injurious challenge they are exposed to. Our understanding of how macrophage plasticity is regulated by the local microenvironment is still limited. Here we review and discuss the recent literature regarding the contribution of cellular metabolic pathways to the ability of the macrophage to sense the microenvironment and to alter its function. We propose that distinct alterations in the microenvironment induce a spectrum of inducible and reversible metabolic programs that might form the basis of the inducible and reversible spectrum of functional macrophage activation/polarization phenotypes. We highlight that metabolic pathways in the bidirectional communication between macrophages and stromals cells are an important component of chronic inflammatory conditions. Recent work demonstrates that inflammatory macrophage activation is tightly associated with metabolic reprogramming to aerobic glycolysis, an altered TCA cycle, and reduced mitochondrial respiration. We review cytosolic and mitochondrial mechanisms that promote initiation and maintenance of macrophage activation as they relate to increased aerobic glycolysis and highlight potential pathways through which anti-inflammatory IL-10 could promote macrophage deactivation. Finally, we propose that in addition to their role in energy generation and regulation of apoptosis, mitochondria reprogram their metabolism to also participate in regulating macrophage activation and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim C El Kasmi
- University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Kurt R Stenmark
- University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Section of Pediatric Critical Care and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research, Department of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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217
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Gao Y, Xu D, Yu G, Liang J. Overexpression of metabolic markers HK1 and PKM2 contributes to lymphatic metastasis and adverse prognosis in Chinese gastric cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:9264-9271. [PMID: 26464675 PMCID: PMC4583907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hexokinase 1 (HK1) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) are two key regulators in glycosis and oncogenic markers in cancers. In the present study, we investigated the expression profile by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry and determined their prognostic values in the gastric cancer. Expression of HK1 and PKM2 was remarkably increased in gastric cancer tissues and was significantly associated lymphatic metastasis and advanced TNM staging. In the COX regression model, HK1 and TNM stage were analyzed as adverse prognostic indicators in gastric cancer. Furthermore, patients with HK1 expression showed remarkable shorter survival duration in both lymphatic metastasis cohort and advanced staging cohort. Our results suggest that overexpression of PKM2 and HK1, especially the latter, significantly associates with lymphatic metastasis, advanced clinical staging and unfavorable prognosis in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Gao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000, Shandong, China
- Department of Oncology, 401 Hospital of PLAQingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Dongyun Xu
- Department of Oncology, No. 97 Hospital of PLAXuzhou 221003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanzhen Yu
- Department of Oncology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200120, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000, Shandong, China
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218
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De Rosa V, Iommelli F, Monti M, Fonti R, Votta G, Stoppelli MP, Del Vecchio S. Reversal of Warburg Effect and Reactivation of Oxidative Phosphorylation by Differential Inhibition of EGFR Signaling Pathways in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2015. [PMID: 26216352 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE One of the hallmarks of cancer cells is the excessive conversion of glucose to lactate under normoxic conditions, also known as the Warburg effect. Here, we tested whether the targeted inhibition of EGFR may revert this effect and reactivate mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Sensitive (HCC827) and resistant (H1975 and H1993) NSCLC cells were treated with a panel of EGFR or MET inhibitors, and then tested for changes of EGFR signaling, glycolytic cascade, and mitochondrial function. Silencing of key glycolytic enzymes was then performed with targeted siRNAs. Furthermore, tumor-bearing nude mice treated with EGFR inhibitors were evaluated with (18)F-FDG PET/CT and tumors were analyzed for glycolytic and mitochondrial proteins. RESULTS Effective inhibition of EGFR signaling in NSCLC cells induced a dramatic reduction of hexokinase II (HKII) and phospho-pyruvate kinase M2 (p-PKM2, Tyr105) levels as well as an upregulation of mitochondrial complexes subunits (OXPHOS). Accordingly, a decreased lactate secretion and increased intracellular ATP levels were also observed in response to EGFR inhibitors. Downregulation of HKII and PKM2 by targeted siRNA transfection did not cause upregulation of OXPHOS but enhanced the effects of EGFR TKIs. Conversely, selective inhibition of AKT and ERK1/2 caused OXPHOS upregulation and glycolysis inhibition, respectively. Similar findings were obtained in tumors from animals treated with appropriate EGFR inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that EGFR inhibitors may reactivate oxidative phosphorylation of cancer cells and provide a mechanistic clue for the rational combination of agents targeting EGFR-dependent proliferation and glucose metabolism in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana De Rosa
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Iommelli
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Monti
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Fonti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Votta
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Silvana Del Vecchio
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages, National Research Council, Naples, Italy. Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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219
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Zhang J, Feng G, Bao G, Xu G, Sun Y, Li W, Wang L, Chen J, Jin H, Cui Z. Nuclear translocation of PKM2 modulates astrocyte proliferation via p27 and -catenin pathway after spinal cord injury. Cell Cycle 2015; 14:2609-18. [PMID: 26151495 PMCID: PMC4613169 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1064203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant functionality of the cell cycle has been implicated in the pathology of traumatic SCI. Although it has been reported that the expressions of various cell cycle related proteins were altered significantly following SCI, detailed information on the subject remains largely unclear. The embryonic pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is an important metabolic kinase in aerobic glycolysis or the warburg effect, however, its functions in central nervous system (CNS) injury remains elusive. Here we demonstrate that PKM2 was not only significantly upregulated by western blot and immunohistochemistry but certain traumatic stimuli also induced translocation of PKM2 into the nucleus in astrocytes following spinal cord injury (SCI). Furthermore, the expression levels and localization of p-β-catenin, p27, cyclin D1 and PCNA were correlated with PKM2 after SCI. In vitro, we also found that PKM2 co-immunoprecipitation with p-β-catenin and p27 respectively. Knockdown of PKM2 apparently decreased the level of PCNA, cyclinD1, p27 in primary astrocyte cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that nuclear translocation of PKM2 promotes astrocytes proliferation after SCI through modulating cell cycle signaling. These discoveries firstly uncovered the role of PKM2 in spinal cord injury and provided a potential therapeutic target for CNS injury and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong University; 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR, China
| | - Guijuan Feng
- Department of Stomatology; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong; Nantong University; 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR, China
| | - Guofeng Bao
- Department of Spine Surgery; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong University; 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR, China
| | - Guanhua Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong University; 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR, China
| | - Yuyu Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong University; 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Spine Surgery; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong University; 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong University; 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong University; 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR, China
| | - Huricha Jin
- Department of Spine Surgery; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong University; 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR, China
| | - Zhiming Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong University; 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR, China
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220
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Su L, Li N, Huo X. Mining featured micro ribonucleic acids associated with lung cancer based on bioinformatics. Thorac Cancer 2015; 6:501-7. [PMID: 26273407 PMCID: PMC4511330 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Few genetic markers useful for the screening of lung cancer risk exist. Although related research has shown that certain expression profiles of micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are different in lung cancer versus the normal lung, such as miR-29a and miR-29s, the precise molecular mechanism of lung cancer remains obscure. In order to get a better understanding of the pathogenetic mechanism of lung cancer, we analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and identified featured miRNAs in lung cancer tissues. Methods We used the gene expression profile GSE10072, including 49 gene chips of non-tumor tissues and 58 gene chips of lung tumor specimens. The DEGs between these two groups were identified by Limma package in R language. The TarBase database was used to construct the networks of miRNA regulating DEGs related to lung cancer. After ordering miRNAs regulating DEGs, we further screened featured miRNAs combined with the miR2Disease database. Results A total of 5572 DEGs were obtained between lung cancer and control specimens. After constructing a miRNA regulatory network, a total of 398 regulations between 57 miRNAs and 321 target genes existed. By intergrating the miR2Disease database and using a sorting algorithm, a total of six featured miRNAs related to lung cancer were identified, including miR-520h, miR-133a, miR-34, miR-103, miR-370, and miR-148. They might be involved in lung cancer progression by regulating ABCG2, PKM2, VAMP2, GPD1, MAP3K8, and DNMT3B, respectively. Conclusion The top 10 significant miRNAs, such as miR-520h, miR-133a, miR-34, and miR-103 may be potential therapeutic targets for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Su
- Department of Respiratory, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan Clinical School of Taishan Medical College Jinan, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan Clinical School of Taishan Medical College Jinan, China
| | - Xueyun Huo
- Department of Respiratory, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan Clinical School of Taishan Medical College Jinan, China
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221
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Ma T, Patel H, Babapoor-Farrokhran S, Franklin R, Semenza GL, Sodhi A, Montaner S. KSHV induces aerobic glycolysis and angiogenesis through HIF-1-dependent upregulation of pyruvate kinase 2 in Kaposi's sarcoma. Angiogenesis 2015; 18:477-88. [PMID: 26092770 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-015-9475-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a vascular neoplasm caused by infection of endothelial or endothelial precursor cells with the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8). Research efforts have focused on defining the molecular events explaining how KSHV promotes pathological angiogenesis and KS tumor formation. mTOR/HIF-1 is a fundamental pathway driving these processes through the upregulation of angiogenic and inflammatory proteins, including VEGF, ANGPTL4, and ANGPT2. Interestingly, HIF-1 has also been implicated in the upregulation of metabolic genes associated with aerobic glycolysis and the growth of solid tumors. However, whether HIF-1 plays a role in regulating cell metabolism in KS remains unexplored. Here, we show that the HIF-1 metabolic effector, pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2), is upregulated upon KSHV infection of endothelial cells and is necessary to maintain aerobic glycolysis in infected cells. We further demonstrate that PKM2 regulates KS angiogenic phenotype by acting as a coactivator of HIF-1 and increasing the levels of HIF-1 angiogenic factors, including VEGF. Indeed, inhibition of PKM2 expression blocked endothelial cell migration and differentiation and the angiogenic potential of KSHV-infected cells. We also investigated whether PKM2 regulates the angiogenic dysregulation induced by the KSHV-encoded G protein-coupled receptor (vGPCR), a viral oncogene that promotes Kaposi's sarcomagenesis through the upregulation of HIF angiogenic factors. Interestingly, we found that PKM2 controls vGPCR-induced VEGF paracrine secretion and vGPCR oncogenesis. Our findings provide a molecular mechanism for how HIF-1 dysregulation fuels both angiogenesis and tumor metabolism in KS and support further investigations on therapeutic approaches targeting HIF-1 and PKM2 for KS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ma
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, 650 W. Baltimore Street, 7th North, Rm 7263, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Harsh Patel
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, 650 W. Baltimore Street, 7th North, Rm 7263, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | | | - Renty Franklin
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, 650 W. Baltimore Street, 7th North, Rm 7263, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Akrit Sodhi
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Silvia Montaner
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, 650 W. Baltimore Street, 7th North, Rm 7263, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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222
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Pastor-Soler NM, Sutton TA, Mang HE, Kinlough CL, Gendler SJ, Madsen CS, Bastacky SI, Ho J, Al-Bataineh MM, Hallows KR, Singh S, Monga SP, Kobayashi H, Haase VH, Hughey RP. Muc1 is protective during kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 308:F1452-62. [PMID: 25925251 PMCID: PMC4469889 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00066.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) due to hypotension is a common cause of human acute kidney injury (AKI). Hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) orchestrate a protective response in renal endothelial and epithelial cells in AKI models. As human mucin 1 (MUC1) is induced by hypoxia and enhances HIF-1 activity in cultured epithelial cells, we asked whether mouse mucin 1 (Muc1) regulates HIF-1 activity in kidney tissue during IRI. Whereas Muc1 was localized on the apical surface of the thick ascending limb, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct in the kidneys of sham-treated mice, Muc1 appeared in the cytoplasm and nucleus of all tubular epithelia during IRI. Muc1 was induced during IRI, and Muc1 transcripts and protein were also present in recovering proximal tubule cells. Kidney damage was worse and recovery was blocked during IRI in Muc1 knockout mice compared with congenic control mice. Muc1 knockout mice had reduced levels of HIF-1α, reduced or aberrant induction of HIF-1 target genes involved in the shift of glucose metabolism to glycolysis, and prolonged activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, indicating metabolic stress. Muc1 clearly plays a significant role in enhancing the HIF protective pathway during ischemic insult and recovery in kidney epithelia, providing a new target for developing therapies to treat AKI. Moreover, our data support a role specifically for HIF-1 in epithelial protection of the kidney during IRI as Muc1 is present only in tubule epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria M Pastor-Soler
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Timothy A Sutton
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Henry E Mang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Carol L Kinlough
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sandra J Gendler
- Department of Immunology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Cathy S Madsen
- Department of Immunology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Sheldon I Bastacky
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jacqueline Ho
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mohammad M Al-Bataineh
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kenneth R Hallows
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sucha Singh
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Satdarshan P Monga
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hanako Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Medicine and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - Volker H Haase
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Medicine and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - Rebecca P Hughey
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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223
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Robey RB, Weisz J, Kuemmerle NB, Salzberg AC, Berg A, Brown DG, Kubik L, Palorini R, Al-Mulla F, Al-Temaimi R, Colacci A, Mondello C, Raju J, Woodrick J, Scovassi AI, Singh N, Vaccari M, Roy R, Forte S, Memeo L, Salem HK, Amedei A, Hamid RA, Williams GP, Lowe L, Meyer J, Martin FL, Bisson WH, Chiaradonna F, Ryan EP. Metabolic reprogramming and dysregulated metabolism: cause, consequence and/or enabler of environmental carcinogenesis? Carcinogenesis 2015; 36 Suppl 1:S203-31. [PMID: 26106140 PMCID: PMC4565609 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental contributions to cancer development are widely accepted, but only a fraction of all pertinent exposures have probably been identified. Traditional toxicological approaches to the problem have largely focused on the effects of individual agents at singular endpoints. As such, they have incompletely addressed both the pro-carcinogenic contributions of environmentally relevant low-dose chemical mixtures and the fact that exposures can influence multiple cancer-associated endpoints over varying timescales. Of these endpoints, dysregulated metabolism is one of the most common and recognizable features of cancer, but its specific roles in exposure-associated cancer development remain poorly understood. Most studies have focused on discrete aspects of cancer metabolism and have incompletely considered both its dynamic integrated nature and the complex controlling influences of substrate availability, external trophic signals and environmental conditions. Emerging high throughput approaches to environmental risk assessment also do not directly address the metabolic causes or consequences of changes in gene expression. As such, there is a compelling need to establish common or complementary frameworks for further exploration that experimentally and conceptually consider the gestalt of cancer metabolism and its causal relationships to both carcinogenesis and the development of other cancer hallmarks. A literature review to identify environmentally relevant exposures unambiguously linked to both cancer development and dysregulated metabolism suggests major gaps in our understanding of exposure-associated carcinogenesis and metabolic reprogramming. Although limited evidence exists to support primary causal roles for metabolism in carcinogenesis, the universality of altered cancer metabolism underscores its fundamental biological importance, and multiple pleiomorphic, even dichotomous, roles for metabolism in promoting, antagonizing or otherwise enabling the development and selection of cancer are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Brooks Robey
- Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, VT 05009, USA, Departments of Medicine and of Physiology and Neurobiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03756, USA,
| | - Judith Weisz
- Departments of Gynecology and Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Nancy B Kuemmerle
- Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, VT 05009, USA, Departments of Medicine and of
| | - Anna C Salzberg
- Departments of Gynecology and Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Arthur Berg
- Departments of Gynecology and Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Dustin G Brown
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Laura Kubik
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Roberta Palorini
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy, SYSBIO Center for Systems Biology, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | | | - Annamaria Colacci
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Chiara Mondello
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Jayadev Raju
- Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada
| | - Jordan Woodrick
- Molecular Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057 USA
| | - A Ivana Scovassi
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre, King George's Medical University, Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Monica Vaccari
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Molecular Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057 USA
| | - Stefano Forte
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy
| | - Hosni K Salem
- Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo, 12515, Egypt
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, 50134, Italy
| | - Roslida A Hamid
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Graeme P Williams
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Centre for Biophotonics, LEC, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK, Getting to Know Cancer, Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 1X5, Canada, and
| | - Joel Meyer
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Francis L Martin
- Centre for Biophotonics, LEC, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - William H Bisson
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Ferdinando Chiaradonna
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy, SYSBIO Center for Systems Biology, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Li Z, Wang Y, Newton IP, Zhang L, Ji P, Li Z. GRP78 is implicated in the modulation of tumor aerobic glycolysis by promoting autophagic degradation of IKKβ. Cell Signal 2015; 27:1237-45. [PMID: 25748049 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Compared with normal differentiated cells, cancer cells take up much more glucose and metabolize it mainly via aerobic glycolysis. This metabolic phenotype is characterized with high expression of glucose transporters (Gluts) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2). Glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a glucose-sensing protein and frequently up-regulated in cancer cells, however, whether it is directly implicated in glucose metabolism remains to be elucidated. Here we report that upon glucose deficiency, the induction of GRP78 resulted in enhanced HIF-1α transcription, accompanied by a transient increased expression of Glut-1. In addition, GRP78 was likely to facilitate the membrane translocation of Glut-1 via protein-protein interaction. Glucose starvation-stimulated GRP78 also impaired the expression of PKM2 but promoted the expression of mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase A (PDHA) and B (PDHB), resulting in the metabolic shift from glycolysis to the TCA cycle. Interestingly, the inhibition of PKM2 by GRP78 was abrogated when glucose supply was restored, suggesting that GRP78 and PKM2 expressions are adaptable to the nutritional levels in the microenvironment. Further mechanistic study indicated that GRP78 overexpression activated the Class III PI3K-mediated autophagy pathway and induced autophagic degradation of IKKβ, which caused inactivation of NF-κB pathway and subsequently altered the expression of PKM2 and HIF-1α. Our study establishes GRP78 and PKM2 as the crucial molecular links between cancer cell glucose metabolism and tumor microenvironment alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ian P Newton
- College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH Scotland, UK
| | - Lichao Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Pengyu Ji
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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Pastò A, Bellio C, Pilotto G, Ciminale V, Silic-Benussi M, Guzzo G, Rasola A, Frasson C, Nardo G, Zulato E, Nicoletto MO, Manicone M, Indraccolo S, Amadori A. Cancer stem cells from epithelial ovarian cancer patients privilege oxidative phosphorylation, and resist glucose deprivation. Oncotarget 2015; 5:4305-19. [PMID: 24946808 PMCID: PMC4147325 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the metabolic profile of cancer stem cells (CSC) isolated from patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. CSC overexpressed genes associated with glucose uptake, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and fatty acid β-oxidation, indicating higher ability to direct pyruvate towards the Krebs cycle. Consistent with a metabolic profile dominated by OXPHOS, the CSC showed higher mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and elevated membrane potential, and underwent apoptosis upon inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The CSC also had a high rate of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activity, which is not typical of cells privileging OXPHOS over glycolysis, and may rather reflect the PPP role in recharging scavenging enzymes. Furthermore, CSC resisted in vitro and in vivo glucose deprivation, while maintaining their CSC phenotype and OXPHOS profile. These observations may explain the CSC resistance to anti-angiogenic therapies, and indicate this peculiar metabolic profile as a possible target of novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pastò
- Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Oncology Section, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Enzo E, Santinon G, Pocaterra A, Aragona M, Bresolin S, Forcato M, Grifoni D, Pession A, Zanconato F, Guzzo G, Bicciato S, Dupont S. Aerobic glycolysis tunes YAP/TAZ transcriptional activity. EMBO J 2015; 34:1349-70. [PMID: 25796446 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201490379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased glucose metabolism and reprogramming toward aerobic glycolysis are a hallmark of cancer cells, meeting their metabolic needs for sustained cell proliferation. Metabolic reprogramming is usually considered as a downstream consequence of tumor development and oncogene activation; growing evidence indicates, however, that metabolism on its turn can support oncogenic signaling to foster tumor malignancy. Here, we explored how glucose metabolism regulates gene transcription and found an unexpected link with YAP/TAZ, key transcription factors regulating organ growth, tumor cell proliferation and aggressiveness. When cells actively incorporate glucose and route it through glycolysis, YAP/TAZ are fully active; when glucose metabolism is blocked, or glycolysis is reduced, YAP/TAZ transcriptional activity is decreased. Accordingly, glycolysis is required to sustain YAP/TAZ pro-tumorigenic functions, and YAP/TAZ are required for the full deployment of glucose growth-promoting activity. Mechanistically we found that phosphofructokinase (PFK1), the enzyme regulating the first committed step of glycolysis, binds the YAP/TAZ transcriptional cofactors TEADs and promotes their functional and biochemical cooperation with YAP/TAZ. Strikingly, this regulation is conserved in Drosophila, where phosphofructokinase is required for tissue overgrowth promoted by Yki, the fly homologue of YAP. Moreover, gene expression regulated by glucose metabolism in breast cancer cells is strongly associated in a large dataset of primary human mammary tumors with YAP/TAZ activation and with the progression toward more advanced and malignant stages. These findings suggest that aerobic glycolysis endows cancer cells with particular metabolic properties and at the same time sustains transcription factors with potent pro-tumorigenic activities such as YAP/TAZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Enzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Santinon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Arianna Pocaterra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Bresolin
- Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Genome Research University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniela Grifoni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pession
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Guzzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Genome Research University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sirio Dupont
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Kachel P, Trojanowicz B, Sekulla C, Prenzel H, Dralle H, Hoang-Vu C. Phosphorylation of pyruvate kinase M2 and lactate dehydrogenase A by fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 in benign and malignant thyroid tissue. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:140. [PMID: 25880801 PMCID: PMC4393606 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and Pyruvate Kinase M2 (PKM2) are important enzymes of glycolysis. Both of them can be phosphorylated and therefore regulated by Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1). While phosphorylation of LDHA at tyrosine10 leads to tetramerization and activation, phosphorylation of PKM2 at tyrosine105 promotes dimerization and inactivation. Dimeric PKM2 is found in the nucleus and regulates gene transcription. Up-regulation and phosphorylation of LDHA and PKM2 contribute to faster proliferation under hypoxic conditions and promote the Warburg effect. METHODS Using western blot and SYBR Green Real time PCR we investigated 77 thyroid tissues including 19 goiter tissues, 11 follicular adenomas, 16 follicular carcinomas, 15 papillary thyroid carcinomas, and 16 undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas for total expression of PKM2, LDHA and FGFR1. Additionally, phosphorylation status of PKM2 and LDHA was analysed. Inhibition of FGFR was performed on FTC133 cells with SU-5402 and Dovitinib. RESULTS All examined thyroid cancer subtypes overexpressed PKM2 as compared to goiter. LDHA was overexpressed in follicular and papillary thyroid cancer as compared to goiter. Elevated phosphorylation of LDHA and PKM2 was detectable in all analysed cancer subtypes. The highest relative phosphorylation levels of PKM2 and LDHA compared to overall expression were found in undifferentiated thyroid cancer. Inhibition of FGFR led to significantly decreased phosphorylation levels of PKM2 and LDHA. CONCLUSIONS Our data shows that overexpression and increased phosphorylation of PKM2 and LHDA is a common finding in thyroid malignancies. Phospho-PKM2 and Phospho-LDHA could be valuable tumour markers for thyroglobulin negative thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kachel
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
| | - Bogusz Trojanowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
| | - Carsten Sekulla
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
| | - Hanna Prenzel
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
| | - Henning Dralle
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
| | - Cuong Hoang-Vu
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
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229
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Chen Z, Lu X, Wang Z, Jin G, Wang Q, Chen D, Chen T, Li J, Fan J, Cong W, Gao Q, He X. Co-expression of PKM2 and TRIM35 predicts survival and recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2015; 6:2538-48. [PMID: 25576919 PMCID: PMC4385869 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of prognostic markers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is needed for clinical practice. Tripartite motif-containing 35 (TRIM35) is a tumor suppressor of HCC. TRIM35 inhibits phosphorylation of pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2), which is involved in aerobic glycolysis of cancer cells. We found that expression of PKM2 was significantly increased in HCC tissues. This overexpression of PKM2 was correlated with a high TNM stage and level of vascular invasion. Patients with HCC who were positive for PKM2 expression and negative for TRIM35 expression had shorter overall survival and time to recurrence than patients who were negative for PKM2 and positive for TRIM35. Furthermore, PKM2/TRIM35 combination was an independent and significant risk factor for recurrence and survival. In conclusion, PKM2 (+) and TRIM35 (-) contribute to the aggressiveness and poor prognosis of HCC. PKM2/TRIM35 expression could be a biomarker for the prognosis of HCC and target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiao Chen
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyuan Lu
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangzhi Jin
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qifeng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Taoyang Chen
- Qi Dong Liver Cancer Institute, Qi Dong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenming Cong
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianghuo He
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wong N, Ojo D, Yan J, Tang D. PKM2 contributes to cancer metabolism. Cancer Lett 2015; 356:184-91. [PMID: 24508027 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Reprogramming of cell metabolism is essential for tumorigenesis, and is regulated by a complex network, in which PKM2 plays a critical role. PKM2 exists as an inactive monomer, less active dimer and active tetramer. While dimeric PKM2 diverts glucose metabolism towards anabolism through aerobic glycolysis, tetrameric PKM2 promotes the flux of glucose-derived carbons for ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation. Equilibrium of the PKM2 dimers and tetramers is critical for tumorigenesis, and is controlled by multiple factors. The PKM2 dimer also promotes aerobic glycolysis by modulating transcriptional regulation. We will discuss the current understanding of PKM2 in regulating cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Wong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diane Ojo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judy Yan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Damu Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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231
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Chau A, Kalsotra A. Developmental insights into the pathology of and therapeutic strategies for DM1: Back to the basics. Dev Dyn 2015; 244:377-90. [PMID: 25504326 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the most prevalent adult onset muscular dystrophy, is a trinucleotide repeat expansion disease caused by CTG expansion in the 3'-UTR of DMPK gene. This expansion results in the expression of toxic gain-of-function RNA that forms ribonuclear foci and disrupts normal activities of RNA-binding proteins belonging to the MBNL and CELF families. Changes in alternative splicing, translation, localization, and mRNA stability due to sequestration of MBNL proteins and up-regulation of CELF1 are key to DM1 pathology. However, recent discoveries indicate that pathogenic mechanisms of DM1 involves many other factors as well, including repeat associated translation, activation of PKC-dependent signaling pathway, aberrant polyadenylation, and microRNA deregulation. Expression of the toxic repeat RNA culminates in the developmental remodeling of the transcriptome, which produces fetal isoforms of proteins that are unable to fulfill the physiological requirements of adult tissues. This review will describe advances in the understanding of DM1 pathogenesis as well as current therapeutic developments for DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Chau
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois; Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois; Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois
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Li Z, Yang P, Li Z. The multifaceted regulation and functions of PKM2 in tumor progression. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2014; 1846:285-96. [PMID: 25064846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells undergo metabolic rewiring from oxidative phosphorylation towards aerobic glycolysis to maintain the increased anabolic requirements for cell proliferation. It is widely accepted that specific expression of the M2 type pyruvate kinase (PKM2) in tumor cells contributes to this aerobic glycolysis phenotype. To date, researchers have uncovered myriad forms of functional regulation for PKM2, which confers a growth advantage on the tumor cells to enable them to adapt to various microenvironmental signals. Here the richness of our understanding on the modulations and functions of PKM2 in tumor progression is reviewed, and some new insights into the paradoxical expression and functional differences of PKM2 in distinct cancer types are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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Guo L, Li X, Tang QQ. Transcriptional regulation of adipocyte differentiation: a central role for CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) β. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:755-61. [PMID: 25451943 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r114.619957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the processes controlling adipogenesis is instrumental in the fight against the obesity epidemic. Adipogenesis is controlled by a transcriptional cascade composed of a large number of transcriptional factors, among which CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) β plays an essential role. During 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation, C/EBPβ is induced early to transactivate the expression of C/EBPα and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), two master transcription factors for terminal adipocyte differentiation. Studies in recent years have revealed many new target genes of C/EBPβ, implicating its participation in many other processes during adipogenesis, such as mitotic clonal expansion, epigenetic regulation, unfolded protein response, and autophagy. Moreover, the function of C/EBPβ is highly regulated by post-translational modifications, which are crucial for the proper activation of the adipogenic program. Advances toward elucidation of the function and roles of the post-translational modification of C/EBPβ during adipogenesis will greatly improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- From the Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xi Li
- From the Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- From the Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
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Papadaki C, Sfakianaki M, Lagoudaki E, Giagkas G, Ioannidis G, Trypaki M, Tsakalaki E, Voutsina A, Koutsopoulos A, Mavroudis D, Georgoulias V, Souglakos J. PKM2 as a biomarker for chemosensitivity to front-line platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:1757-64. [PMID: 25233397 PMCID: PMC4453739 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumour cells exclusively express the embryonic M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2). PKM2 expression levels have been correlated with the effect of platinum compounds in cancer cell lines and xenograft models. The potential predictive role of PKM2 in patients with metastatic/advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line was investigated. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess the expression of PKM2 in tumour samples from 148 and 157 NSCLC patients in the training and the validation set, respectively. All patients received front-line platinum-based chemotherapy. PKM2 mRNA expression was also analysed in a control group of 85 NSCLC patients treated with non-platinum containing regimens. RESULTS In the training set, high PKM2 mRNA levels were associated with decreased progression-free survival (PFS; 4.9 months vs 6.4, P=0.006), overall survival (OS; 10.1 vs 17.0 months, P=0.01) and disease control rate (DCR; 57.7% vs 74.3%; P=0.021) compared to patients with low PKM2 levels. In the validation set, high PKM2 mRNA levels were also associated with deceased PFS (3.7 vs 5.9 months, P=0.006), OS (8.3 vs 16.8 months, P=0.003) and DCR (57.7% vs 70.9%; P=0.049) compared to those with low PKM2 mRNA levels. There was no correlation between the PKM2 mRNA levels and the PFS (5.6 vs 5.9, P=0.43) or the OS (9.8 vs 10.1, P=0.51) in the control group. Multivariate analysis revealed high PKM2 mRNA expression as an independent predictive factor for the poor patients' outcome. CONCLUSIONS PKM2 expression may be a predictive biomarker of platinum sensitivity in advanced NSCLC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Bevacizumab
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/mortality
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/secondary
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/secondary
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Deoxycytidine/administration & dosage
- Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives
- Docetaxel
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Glutamates/administration & dosage
- Guanine/administration & dosage
- Guanine/analogs & derivatives
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/mortality
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Pemetrexed
- Platinum/administration & dosage
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Survival Rate
- Taxoids/administration & dosage
- Thyroid Hormones/genetics
- Thyroid Hormones/metabolism
- Gemcitabine
- Thyroid Hormone-Binding Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- C Papadaki
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece
| | - M Sfakianaki
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece
| | - E Lagoudaki
- Department of Pathology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, 71110 Crete, Greece
| | - G Giagkas
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece
| | - G Ioannidis
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece
| | - M Trypaki
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece
| | - E Tsakalaki
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece
| | - A Voutsina
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece
| | - A Koutsopoulos
- Department of Pathology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, 71110 Crete, Greece
| | - D Mavroudis
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, 71110 Crete, Greece
| | - V Georgoulias
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, 71110 Crete, Greece
| | - J Souglakos
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, 71110 Crete, Greece
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235
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Bentaib A, De Tullio P, Chneiweiss H, Hermans E, Junier MP, Leprince P. Metabolic reprogramming in transformed mouse cortical astrocytes: A proteomic study. J Proteomics 2014; 113:292-314. [PMID: 25305589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is thought to play a key role in sustaining the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. These changes facilitate for example the uptake and release of nutrients required for nucleotide, protein and lipid synthesis necessary for macromolecule assembly and tumor growth. We applied a 2D-DIGE (two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis) quantitative proteomic analysis to characterize the proteomes of mouse astrocytes that underwent in vitro cancerous transformation, and of their normal counterparts. Metabolic reprogramming effects on enzymatic and structural protein expression as well as associated metabolites abundance were quantified. Using enzymatic activity measurements and zymography, we documented and confirmed several changes in abundance and activity of various isoenzymes likely to participate in metabolic reprogramming. We found that after transformation, the cells increase their expression of glycolytic enzymes, thus augmenting their ability to use aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect). An increased capacity to dispose of reducing equivalents through lactate production was also documented. Major effects on carbohydrates, amino acids and nucleotides metabolic enzymes were also observed. Conversely, the transformed cells reduced their enzymatic capacity for reactions of tricarboxylic acid oxidation, for neurotransmitter (glutamate) metabolism, for oxidative stress defense and their expression of astroglial markers. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of a global approach based on a 2D DIGE analysis allows obtaining a comprehensive view of the metabolic reprogramming undergone by astrocytes upon cancerous transformation. Indeed, except for a few enzymes such as pyruvate carboxylase and glutaminase that were not detected in our initial analysis, pertinent information on the abundance of most enzymes belonging to pathways relevant to metabolic reprogramming was directly obtained. In this in vitro model, transformation causes major losses of astrocyte-specific proteins and functions and the acquisition of metabolic adaptations that favor intermediate metabolites production for increased macromolecule biosynthesis. Thus our approach appears to be readily applicable for the investigation of changes in protein abundance that determine various transformed cell phenotypes. It could similarly be applied to the evaluation of the effects of treatments aimed at correcting the consequences of cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascal De Tullio
- Pharmaceutical chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Hervé Chneiweiss
- Glial Plasticity and Cerebral Tumors, UMR8246 CNRS/U1130 Inserm/ UMCR18, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Hermans
- Institute of Neurosciences, Group of Neuropharmacology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Pierre Junier
- Glial Plasticity and Cerebral Tumors, UMR8246 CNRS/U1130 Inserm/ UMCR18, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
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236
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Abstract
DAP-kinase (DAPK) is a Ca(2+)/calmodulin regulated Ser/Thr kinase that activates a diverse range of cellular activities. It is subject to multiple layers of regulation involving both intramolecular signaling, and interactions with additional proteins, including other kinases and phosphatases. Its protein stability is modulated by at least three distinct ubiquitin-dependent systems. Like many kinases, DAPK participates in several signaling cascades, by phosphorylating additional kinases such as ZIP-kinase and protein kinase D (PKD), or Pin1, a phospho-directed peptidyl-prolyl isomerase that regulates the function of many phosphorylated proteins. Other substrate targets have more direct cellular effects; for example, phosphorylation of the myosin II regulatory chain and tropomyosin mediate some of DAPK's cytoskeletal functions, including membrane blebbing during cell death and cell motility. DAPK induces distinct death pathways of apoptosis, autophagy and programmed necrosis. Among the substrates implicated in these processes, phosphorylation of PKD, Beclin 1, and the NMDA receptor has been reported. Interestingly, not all cellular effects are mediated by DAPK's catalytic activity. For example, by virtue of protein-protein interactions alone, DAPK activates pyruvate kinase isoform M2, the microtubule affinity regulating kinases and inflammasome protein NLRP3, to promote glycolysis, influence microtubule dynamics, and enhance interleukin-1β production, respectively. In addition, a number of other substrates and interacting proteins have been identified, the physiological significance of which has not yet been established. All of these substrates, effectors and regulators together comprise the DAPK interactome. By presenting the components of the interactome network, this review will clarify both the mechanisms by which DAPK function is regulated, and by which it mediates its various cellular effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Bialik
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
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237
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Lincet H, Icard P. How do glycolytic enzymes favour cancer cell proliferation by nonmetabolic functions? Oncogene 2014; 34:3751-9. [PMID: 25263450 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells enhance their glycolysis, producing lactate, even in the presence of oxygen. Glycolysis is a series of ten metabolic reactions catalysed by enzymes whose expression is most often increased in tumour cells. HKII and phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) have mainly an antiapoptotic effect; PGI and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activate survival pathways (Akt and so on); phosphofructokinase 1 and triose phosphate isomerase participate in cell cycle activation; aldolase promotes epithelial mesenchymal transition; PKM2 enhances various nuclear effects such as transcription, stabilisation and so on. This review outlines the multiple non-glycolytic roles of glycolytic enzymes, which are essential for promoting cancer cells' survival, proliferation, chemoresistance and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lincet
- 1] Locally Aggressive Cancer Biology and Therapy Unit (BioTICLA), Caen, France [2] Normandie University, Caen, France [3] François-Baclesse Centre for Cancer, Caen, France
| | - P Icard
- 1] Locally Aggressive Cancer Biology and Therapy Unit (BioTICLA), Caen, France [2] Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire d'Informatique, Palaiseau, France
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238
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Mamczur P, Borsuk B, Paszko J, Sas Z, Mozrzymas J, Wiśniewski JR, Gizak A, Rakus D. Astrocyte-neuron crosstalk regulates the expression and subcellular localization of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes. Glia 2014; 63:328-40. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.22753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Mamczur
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology; Institute of Experimental Biology; Wrocław University; Cybulskiego 30, 50-205 Wrocław Poland
| | - Borys Borsuk
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology; Institute of Experimental Biology; Wrocław University; Cybulskiego 30, 50-205 Wrocław Poland
| | - Jadwiga Paszko
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology; Institute of Experimental Biology; Wrocław University; Cybulskiego 30, 50-205 Wrocław Poland
| | - Zuzanna Sas
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology; Institute of Experimental Biology; Wrocław University; Cybulskiego 30, 50-205 Wrocław Poland
| | - Jerzy Mozrzymas
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology; Institute of Experimental Biology; Wrocław University; Cybulskiego 30, 50-205 Wrocław Poland
- Laboratory of Neuroscience; Department of Biophysics; Wrocław Medical University, Chałubińskiego; 3, 50-368 Wrocław Poland
| | - Jacek R. Wiśniewski
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction; Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry; Am Klopferspitz 18 D-82152 Martinsried Germany
| | - Agnieszka Gizak
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology; Institute of Experimental Biology; Wrocław University; Cybulskiego 30, 50-205 Wrocław Poland
| | - Dariusz Rakus
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology; Institute of Experimental Biology; Wrocław University; Cybulskiego 30, 50-205 Wrocław Poland
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239
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Epithelial growth factor receptor-activated nuclear factor κB signaling and its role in epithelial growth factor receptor-associated tumors. Cancer J 2014; 19:461-7. [PMID: 24270344 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is directly associated with a number of cancers, such as brain, lung, and breast cancer. The downstream signaling pathways activated by EGFR have been extensively studied, such as PI3K/AKT pathway, MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway, and STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway. There are growing numbers of evidence suggesting that EGFR activates nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), which is a key transcription factor controlling a variety of cellular functions. However, relatively less is known about the signal transduction mechanism that links EGFR to NF-κB activation. Here, we discuss recent progress in EGFR-induced NF-κB pathways, including the identification of CARMA3-Bcl10-MALT1 complex and protein kinase C[Latin Small Letter Open E] as 2 essential signaling components linking EGFR to the activation of IκBα kinase. In addition, we discuss the multifunctional roles of NF-κB in EGFR-associated tumors, including proliferation, tumor invasiveness, metabolism, tumor-promoting microenvironment, and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance.
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240
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Pandita A, Kumar B, Manvati S, Vaishnavi S, Singh SK, Bamezai RNK. Synergistic combination of gemcitabine and dietary molecule induces apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells and down regulates PKM2 expression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107154. [PMID: 25197966 PMCID: PMC4157832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine, an effective agent in treatment of cancer of pancreas, has undergone failures in many instances after multiple cycles of therapy due to emergence of drug resistance. Combination of dietary compounds with clinically validated drugs has emerged as an effective therapeutic approach to treat pancreatic tumors, refractory to gemcitabine therapy. In order to optimize a possible synergistic combination of Gemcitabine (GCB) with dietary molecules, Betuilnic acid (BA) and Thymoquinone (TQ), stand-alone IC50 dose of GCB, BA and TQ was calculated for pancreatic cancer cell lines. Fixed IC50 dose ratio of the dietary molecules in combination with reduced IC50 dose of GCB was tested on GCB resistant PANC-1 and sensitive MIA PaCa-2 cells for synergism, additive response and antagonism, using calcusyn. Combination index (CI) revealed that pre-treatment of BA and TQ along with GCB synergistically inhibited the cancer cell proliferation in in-vitro experiments. Pyruvate kinase (PK) M2 isoform, a promising target involved in cancer cell metabolism, showed down-regulation in presence of TQ or BA in combination with GCB. GCB with BA acted preferentially on tumor mitochondria and triggered mitochondrial permeability transition. Pre-exposure of the cell lines, MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1, to TQ in combination with GCB induced apoptosis. Thus, the effectiveness of BA or TQ in combination with GCB to inhibit cell proliferation, induce apoptosis and down-regulate the expression of PKM2, reflects promise in pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Pandita
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K, India
| | - Bhupender Kumar
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Siddharth Manvati
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K, India
| | - Samantha Vaishnavi
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K, India
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241
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Zahonero C, Sánchez-Gómez P. EGFR-dependent mechanisms in glioblastoma: towards a better therapeutic strategy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:3465-88. [PMID: 24671641 PMCID: PMC11113227 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1608-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a particularly resilient cancer, and while therapies may be able to reach the brain by crossing the blood-brain barrier, they then have to deal with a highly invasive tumor that is very resistant to DNA damage. It seems clear that in order to kill aggressive glioma cells more efficiently and with fewer side effects on normal tissue, there must be a shift from classical cytotoxic chemotherapy to more targeted therapies. Since the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is altered in almost 50% of glioblastomas, it currently represents one of the most promising therapeutic targets. In fact, it has been associated with several distinct steps in tumorigenesis, from tumor initiation to tumor growth and survival, and also with the regulation of cell migration and angiogenesis. However, inhibitors of the EGFR kinase have produced poor results with this type of cancer in clinical trials, with no clear explanation for the tumor resistance observed. Here we will review what we know about the expression and function of EGFR in cancer and in particular in gliomas. We will also evaluate which are the possible molecular and cellular escape mechanisms. As a result, we hope that this review will help improve the design of future EGFR-targeted therapies for glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Zahonero
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III-UFIEC, Madrid, Spain
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242
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Roy D, Mondal S, Wang C, He X, Khurana A, Giri S, Hoffmann R, Jung DB, Kim SH, Chini EN, Periera JC, Folmes CD, Mariani A, Dowdy SC, Bakkum-Gamez JN, Riska SM, Oberg AL, Karoly ED, Bell LN, Chien J, Shridhar V. Loss of HSulf-1 promotes altered lipid metabolism in ovarian cancer. Cancer Metab 2014; 2:13. [PMID: 25225614 PMCID: PMC4164348 DOI: 10.1186/2049-3002-2-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Loss of the endosulfatase HSulf-1 is common in ovarian cancer, upregulates heparin binding growth factor signaling and potentiates tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. However, metabolic differences between isogenic cells with and without HSulf-1 have not been characterized upon HSulf-1 suppression in vitro. Since growth factor signaling is closely tied to metabolic alterations, we determined the extent to which HSulf-1 loss affects cancer cell metabolism. Results Ingenuity pathway analysis of gene expression in HSulf-1 shRNA-silenced cells (Sh1 and Sh2 cells) compared to non-targeted control shRNA cells (NTC cells) and subsequent Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) database analysis showed altered metabolic pathways with changes in the lipid metabolism as one of the major pathways altered inSh1 and 2 cells. Untargeted global metabolomic profiling in these isogenic cell lines identified approximately 338 metabolites using GC/MS and LC/MS/MS platforms. Knockdown of HSulf-1 in OV202 cells induced significant changes in 156 metabolites associated with several metabolic pathways including amino acid, lipids, and nucleotides. Loss of HSulf-1 promoted overall fatty acid synthesis leading to enhance the metabolite levels of long chain, branched, and essential fatty acids along with sphingolipids. Furthermore, HSulf-1 loss induced the expression of lipogenic genes including FASN, SREBF1, PPARγ, and PLA2G3 stimulated lipid droplet accumulation. Conversely, re-expression of HSulf-1 in Sh1 cells reduced the lipid droplet formation. Additionally, HSulf-1 also enhanced CPT1A and fatty acid oxidation and augmented the protein expression of key lipolytic enzymes such as MAGL, DAGLA, HSL, and ASCL1. Overall, these findings suggest that loss of HSulf-1 by concomitantly enhancing fatty acid synthesis and oxidation confers a lipogenic phenotype leading to the metabolic alterations associated with the progression of ovarian cancer. Conclusions Taken together, these findings demonstrate that loss of HSulf-1 potentially contributes to the metabolic alterations associated with the progression of ovarian pathogenesis, specifically impacting the lipogenic phenotype of ovarian cancer cells that can be therapeutically targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarshi Roy
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Susmita Mondal
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Chen Wang
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiaoping He
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ashwani Khurana
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Robert Hoffmann
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Deok-Beom Jung
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center (CPMRC), College of Oriental Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung H Kim
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center (CPMRC), College of Oriental Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eduardo N Chini
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Clifford D Folmes
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Andrea Mariani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sean C Dowdy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jamie N Bakkum-Gamez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Shaun M Riska
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ann L Oberg
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | | | - Jeremy Chien
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KN 66160, USA
| | - Viji Shridhar
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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243
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Lee JV, Carrer A, Shah S, Snyder NW, Wei S, Venneti S, Worth AJ, Yuan ZF, Lim HW, Liu S, Jackson E, Aiello NM, Haas NB, Rebbeck TR, Judkins A, Won KJ, Chodosh LA, Garcia BA, Stanger BZ, Feldman MD, Blair IA, Wellen KE. Akt-dependent metabolic reprogramming regulates tumor cell histone acetylation. Cell Metab 2014; 20:306-319. [PMID: 24998913 PMCID: PMC4151270 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Histone acetylation plays important roles in gene regulation, DNA replication, and the response to DNA damage, and it is frequently deregulated in tumors. We postulated that tumor cell histone acetylation levels are determined in part by changes in acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) availability mediated by oncogenic metabolic reprogramming. Here, we demonstrate that acetyl-CoA is dynamically regulated by glucose availability in cancer cells and that the ratio of acetyl-CoA:coenzyme A within the nucleus modulates global histone acetylation levels. In vivo, expression of oncogenic Kras or Akt stimulates histone acetylation changes that precede tumor development. Furthermore, we show that Akt's effects on histone acetylation are mediated through the metabolic enzyme ATP-citrate lyase and that pAkt(Ser473) levels correlate significantly with histone acetylation marks in human gliomas and prostate tumors. The data implicate acetyl-CoA metabolism as a key determinant of histone acetylation levels in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce V Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Alessandro Carrer
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Supriya Shah
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Nathaniel W Snyder
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Shuanzeng Wei
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Sriram Venneti
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
| | - Andrew J Worth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Zuo-Fei Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Hee-Woong Lim
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Shichong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Ellen Jackson
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Nicole M Aiello
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Naomi B Haas
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Alexander Judkins
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California and Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90027
| | - Kyoung-Jae Won
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Lewis A Chodosh
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Ben Z Stanger
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Michael D Feldman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Ian A Blair
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Kathryn E Wellen
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
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Yang L, Xie M, Yang M, Yu Y, Zhu S, Hou W, Kang R, Lotze M, Billiar TR, Wang H, Cao L, Tang D. PKM2 regulates the Warburg effect and promotes HMGB1 release in sepsis. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4436. [PMID: 25019241 PMCID: PMC4104986 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests the important role of metabolic reprogramming in the regulation of the innate inflammatory response, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we provide evidence to support a novel role for the pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2)-mediated Warburg effect, namely aerobic glycolysis, in the regulation of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release. PKM2 interacts with hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and activates the HIF-1α-dependent transcription of enzymes necessary for aerobic glycolysis in macrophages. Knockdown of PKM2, HIF1α and glycolysis-related genes uniformly decreases lactate production and HMGB1 release. Similarly, a potential PKM2 inhibitor, shikonin, reduces serum lactate and HMGB1 levels, and protects mice from lethal endotoxemia and sepsis. Collectively, these findings shed light on a novel mechanism for metabolic control of inflammation by regulating HMGB1 release and highlight the importance of targeting aerobic glycolysis in the treatment of sepsis and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangchun Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghua Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Hou
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA
| | - Michael Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA
| | - Timothy R. Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA
| | - Haichao Wang
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York 11030, USA
| | - Lizhi Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA
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245
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Vicha A, Taieb D, Pacak K. Current views on cell metabolism in SDHx-related pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21:R261-77. [PMID: 24500761 PMCID: PMC4016161 DOI: 10.1530/erc-13-0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Warburg's metabolic hypothesis is based on the assumption that a cancer cell's respiration must be under attack, leading to its damage, in order to obtain increased glycolysis. Although this may not apply to all cancers, there is some evidence proving that primarily abnormally functioning mitochondrial complexes are indeed related to cancer development. Thus, mutations in complex II (succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)) lead to the formation of pheochromocytoma (PHEO)/paraganglioma (PGL). Mutations in one of the SDH genes (SDHx mutations) lead to succinate accumulation associated with very low fumarate levels, increased glutaminolysis, the generation of reactive oxygen species, and pseudohypoxia. This results in significant changes in signaling pathways (many of them dependent on the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor), including oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, specific expression profiles, as well as genomic instability and increased mutability resulting in tumor development. Although there is currently no very effective therapy for SDHx-related metastatic PHEOs/PGLs, targeting their fundamental metabolic abnormalities may provide a unique opportunity for the development of novel and more effective forms of therapy for these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ales Vicha
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2 Medical School, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Taieb
- Service Central de Biophysique et de Médecine Nucléaire, CERIMED Centre hospitalo-universitaire Timone, Marseille, France
- Département d’Oncologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Karel Pacak
- Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892 USA
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246
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Zhou Z, Liu Y, Qin M, Sheng W, Wang X, Li Z, Zhong R. Depletion of PKM2 leads to impaired glycolysis and cell death in 2-demethoxy-2,3-ethylenediamino hypocrellin B-photoinduced A549 cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2014; 134:1-8. [PMID: 24792468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
2-Demethoxy-2,3-ethylenediamino hypocrellin B (EDAHB) is an efficient photosensitizer that mediates cancer cell apoptosis. In order to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in its antitumour activity, we used proteomics technology to identify candidate targets in A549 cells using EDAHB-mediated photodynamic therapy (EDAHB-PDT). The protein profile changes between untreated and PDT-treated A549 cells were analysed using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Differentially expressed protein spots were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry; and 15 differentially expressed proteins (over 2-fold, p<0.05) were identified in PDT-treated A549 cells compared with untreated cells. Among them, the expression of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a key enzyme involved in glycolysis, was found to be significantly decreased in A549 cells following EDAHB-PDT. Transient ectopic over-expression of PKM2 attenuated death of EDAHB-PDT-treated A549 cells, whereas knockdown of PKM2 expression by RNA interference increased the photocytotoxicity of EDAHB. Moreover, a decrease in lactate production was detected in PDT-treated A549 cells. These observations suggest that PKM2 plays an important role in the antitumour action of EDAHB-PDT; thus, it may be a potential molecular target to increase the efficacy of PDT in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Zhou
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Yanghua Liu
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Mengnan Qin
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wang Sheng
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zelin Li
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Rugang Zhong
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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247
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Lopez-Serra P, Marcilla M, Villanueva A, Ramos-Fernandez A, Palau A, Leal L, Wahi JE, Setien-Baranda F, Szczesna K, Moutinho C, Martinez-Cardus A, Heyn H, Sandoval J, Puertas S, Vidal A, Sanjuan X, Martinez-Balibrea E, Viñals F, Perales JC, Bramsem JB, Ørntoft TF, Andersen CL, Tabernero J, McDermott U, Boxer MB, Heiden MGV, Albar JP, Esteller M. A DERL3-associated defect in the degradation of SLC2A1 mediates the Warburg effect. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3608. [PMID: 24699711 PMCID: PMC3988805 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells possess aberrant proteomes that can arise by the disruption of genes involved in physiological protein degradation. Here we demonstrate the presence of promoter CpG island hypermethylation-linked inactivation of DERL3 (Derlin-3), a key gene in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation pathway, in human tumours. The restoration of in vitro and in vivo DERL3 activity highlights the tumour suppressor features of the gene. Using the stable isotopic labelling of amino acids in cell culture workflow for differential proteome analysis, we identify SLC2A1 (glucose transporter 1, GLUT1) as a downstream target of DERL3. Most importantly, SLC2A1 overexpression mediated by DERL3 epigenetic loss contributes to the Warburg effect in the studied cells and pinpoints a subset of human tumours with greater vulnerability to drugs targeting glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Lopez-Serra
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miguel Marcilla
- Proteomics Unit, Spanish National Biotechnology Centre (CNB), CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Anna Palau
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lucía Leal
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jessica E. Wahi
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fernando Setien-Baranda
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Karolina Szczesna
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Catia Moutinho
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Martinez-Cardus
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Holger Heyn
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Juan Sandoval
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sara Puertas
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - August Vidal
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Department of Pathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavier Sanjuan
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Department of Pathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eva Martinez-Balibrea
- Medical Oncology Service, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), l'Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, 08916 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francesc Viñals
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose C. Perales
- Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesper B. Bramsem
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, Aarhus N, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Torben F. Ørntoft
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, Aarhus N, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Claus L. Andersen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, Aarhus N, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, 08035 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ultan McDermott
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Matthew B. Boxer
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20891-4874, USA
| | - Matthew G. Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Albar
- Proteomics Unit, Spanish National Biotechnology Centre (CNB), CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, 08908 Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, 08010 Catalonia, Spain
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248
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Lennon FE, Salgia R. Mitochondrial dynamics: biology and therapy in lung cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2014; 23:675-92. [PMID: 24654596 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2014.899350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer mortality rates remain at unacceptably high levels. Although mitochondrial dysfunction is a characteristic of most tumor types, mitochondrial dynamics are often overlooked. Altered rates of mitochondrial fission and fusion are observed in lung cancer and can influence metabolic function, proliferation and cell survival. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors outline the mechanisms of mitochondrial fission and fusion. They also identify key regulatory proteins and highlight the roles of fission and fusion in metabolism and other cellular functions (e.g., proliferation, apoptosis) with an emphasis on lung cancer and the interaction with known cancer biomarkers. They also examine the current therapeutic strategies reported as altering mitochondrial dynamics and review emerging mitochondria-targeted therapies. EXPERT OPINION Mitochondrial dynamics are an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in lung cancer. Mitochondrial dysfunction, despite its molecular heterogeneity, is a common abnormality of lung cancer. Targeting mitochondrial dynamics can alter mitochondrial metabolism, and many current therapies already non-specifically affect mitochondrial dynamics. A better understanding of mitochondrial dynamics and their interaction with currently identified cancer 'drivers' such as Kirsten-Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene homolog will lead to the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances E Lennon
- University of Chicago, Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology , 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115 Chicago, IL 60637 , USA +1 773 702 4399 ; +1 773 834 1798 ;
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249
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Liu J, Wu N, Ma L, Liu M, Liu G, Zhang Y, Lin X. Oleanolic acid suppresses aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells by switching pyruvate kinase type M isoforms. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91606. [PMID: 24626155 PMCID: PMC3953484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Warburg effect, one of the hallmarks for cancer cells, is characterized by metabolic switch from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. In recent years, increased expression level of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) has been found to be the culprit of enhanced aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. However, there is no agent inhibiting aerobic glycolysis by targeting PKM2. In this study, we found that Oleanolic acid (OA) induced a switch from PKM2 to PKM1, and consistently, abrogated Warburg effect in cancer cells. Suppression of aerobic glycolysis by OA is mediated by PKM2/PKM1 switch. Furthermore, mTOR signaling was found to be inactivated in OA-treated cancer cells, and mTOR inhibition is required for the effect of OA on PKM2/PKM1 switch. Decreased expression of c-Myc-dependent hnRNPA1 and hnRNPA1 was responsible for OA-induced switch between PKM isoforms. Collectively, we identified that OA is an antitumor compound that suppresses aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells and there is potential that PKM2 may be developed as an important target in aerobic glycolysis pathway for developing novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Institutes of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Wu
- Institutes of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Leina Ma
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Institutes of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Ge Liu
- Institutes of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- Institutes of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Institutes of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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250
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Keller KE, Doctor ZM, Dwyer ZW, Lee YS. SAICAR induces protein kinase activity of PKM2 that is necessary for sustained proliferative signaling of cancer cells. Mol Cell 2014; 53:700-9. [PMID: 24606918 PMCID: PMC4000728 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal metabolism and sustained proliferation are hallmarks of cancer. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a metabolic enzyme that plays important roles in both processes. Recently, PKM2 was shown to have protein kinase activity phosphorylating histone H3 and promoting cancer cell proliferation. However, the mechanism and extent of this protein kinase in cancer cells remain unclear. Here, we report that binding of succinyl-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-ribose-5'-phosphate (SAICAR), a metabolite abundant in proliferating cells, induces PKM2's protein kinase activity in vitro and in cells. Protein microarray experiments revealed that more than 100 human proteins, mostly protein kinases, are phosphorylated by PKM2-SAICAR. In particular, PKM2-SAICAR phosphorylates and activates Erk1/2, which in turn sensitizes PKM2 for SAICAR binding through phosphorylation. Additionally, PKM2-SAICAR was necessary to induce sustained Erk1/2 activation and mitogen-induced cell proliferation. Thus, the ligand-induced protein kinase activity from PKM2 is a mechanism that directly couples cell proliferation with intracellular metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstie E Keller
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Zainab M Doctor
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Zachary W Dwyer
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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