201
|
Jia S, Shen M, Zhang F, Xie J. Recent Advances in Momordica charantia: Functional Components and Biological Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2555. [PMID: 29182587 PMCID: PMC5751158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Momordica charantia L. (M. charantia), a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and its fruit has been used as a vegetable for thousands of years. Phytochemicals including proteins, polysaccharides, flavonoids, triterpenes, saponins, ascorbic acid and steroids have been found in this plant. Various biological activities of M. charantia have been reported, such as antihyperglycemic, antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, immunomodulation, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anthelmintic, antimutagenic, antiulcer, antilipolytic, antifertility, hepatoprotective, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, both in vitro and in vivo studies have also demonstrated that M. charantia may also exert toxic or adverse effects under different conditions. This review addresses the chemical constituents of M. charantia and discusses their pharmacological activities as well as their adverse effects, aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of the phytochemistry and biological activities of M. charantia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Mingyue Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Wu HB, Liu TT, Wang WS, Feng JC, Tian HM. Oleanane-Type Saponins from the Roots of Ligulariopsis shichuana and Their α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities. Molecules 2017; 22:E1981. [PMID: 29149016 PMCID: PMC6150216 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Five new oleanane-type saponins, named ligushicosides A-E, and three known oleanane-type saponins were isolated from the roots of Ligulariopsis shichuana. Their structures were established by a combination of spectroscopic techniques, including 1D and 2D NMR and high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HR-ESI-MS). Furthermore, all isolates were evaluated for their yeast α-glucosidase inhibitory effects and exhibited potent inhibition against α-glucosidase, while compounds 1 and 2 showed excellent inhibitory activities. The 3-O-glycoside moiety in oleanane-type saponin is important for the α-glucosidase inhibitory effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wen-Shu Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jin-Chao Feng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hong-Mei Tian
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Basa’ar O, Farooqui M. Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of Gymnema sylvestre R.Br. roots. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1378675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ola Basa’ar
- Department of Chemistry, Hodeidah University, Al-Hodeidah, Yemen
- Post Graduate & Research Center, Maulana Azad College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mazahar Farooqui
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria College for Women, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
204
|
Sayyed FJ, Wadkar GH. Studies on in-vitro hypoglycemic effects of root bark of Caesalpinia bonducella. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2017; 76:44-49. [PMID: 29150176 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present investigation was undertaken to assess the hypoglycemic potential of ethanolic (ECB) and aqueous extracts (ACB) of root bark of Caesalpinia bonducella using various in vitro techniques. METHOD The ethanolic and aqueous extracts of root bark of C. bonducella were studied for their effects on glucose adsorption capacity, in vitro glucose diffusion, in-vitro amylolysis kinetics and glucose transport across membrane of yeast cells. RESULT It was observed that the extracts under study adsorbed glucose and the adsorption of glucose increased remarkably with an increase in glucose concentration. The results of amylolysis kinetic experimental model revealed that the rate of glucose diffusion was found to be increased with time from 30 to 180min and both the extracts demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on movement of glucose into external solution across dialysis membrane as compared to control. Also, the extracts under study promoted glucose uptake by the yeast cells. It was observed that the enhancement of glucose uptake was dependent on both the sample and glucose concentration. Ethanolic extract of C. bonducella extract exhibited significantly higher (P≤0.05) activity than the aqueous extract at all concentrations. CONCLUSION The results of the study verified the hypoglycemic activity of the extracts of root bark of C. bonducella. However, the observed effects need to be confirmed by using different in vivo models and clinical trials for its effective utilization as a therapeutic agent in effective management of diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F J Sayyed
- Department of pharmacognosy, Government college of pharmacy, Dist-Satara, 415124 Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - G H Wadkar
- Department of pharmacognosy, Government college of pharmacy, Dist-Satara, 415124 Karad, Maharashtra, India.
| |
Collapse
|
205
|
Rabadiya S, Bhadada S, Dudhrejiya A, Vaishnav D, Patel B. Magnesium valproate ameliorates type 1 diabetes and cardiomyopathy in diabetic rats through estrogen receptors. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:919-927. [PMID: 29136770 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is known to exhibit cardioprotective and antihyperlipidemic action. Valproic acid has been shown to upregulate estrogen receptors (ERs) in breast and prostate cancer tissues. No pharmacological evaluations for magnesium valproate (MgV) so far have been done for diabetic cadio-lipidemic complications. Based on the above context, current study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of MgV in cardiac complications associated with type-1 diabetes mellitus in rats wherein diabetes was induced by single tail vein injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 45mg/kg, IV) in female Sprague Dawley rats and treatment of MgV (210mg/kg, PO) was given for eight weeks to diabetic animals, after which, various biochemical and cardiac biomarkers, hypertrophic, hemodynamic and histological parameters along with immunohistochemistry of ERs in the left ventricle (LV) were estimated. MgV treatment significantly controlled hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, reduced elevated cardiac biomarkers and C-reactive protein(CRP), significantly improved hemodynamic functions and increased the rate of pressure development and decay. MgV also significantly reduced left ventricular hypertrophy index and cardiac hypertrophy index, LV wall thickness, LV collagen, cardiomyocyte diameter and prevented the oxidative stress with significant increase in Na+-K+-ATPase activity in LV. Moreover, MgV reversed STZ-induced histological alterations and decreased glycogen content in LV and increased the ERβ expressions in LV as evidenced by immunohistochemistry. The result indicated that MgV prevented disease progression in the early stage of diabetic cardiomyopathy which seems to be mediated by upregulation of estrogen receptors in LV tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Rabadiya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Shradhha Bhadada
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashvin Dudhrejiya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Devendra Vaishnav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhoomika Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
206
|
Zhang L, Zhang YX, Qiu JN, Li J, Chen W, Guan YQ. Preparation and Characterization of Hypoglycemic Nanoparticles for Oral Insulin Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:4281-4291. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School
of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yu-Xiao Zhang
- School
of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Jia-Ni Qiu
- School
of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Jian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Wuya Chen
- School
of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yan-Qing Guan
- School
of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Joint Laboratory of Laser Oncology with Cancer Center of Sun Yet-sen University, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
PEG modification of Amorfrutin B from Amorpha fructicosa increases gastric absorption, circulation half-life and glucose uptake by T3T-L1 adipocytes. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:513-519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
208
|
Two new cytotoxic stilbenoid dimers isolated from Cajanus cajan. J Nat Med 2017; 72:304-309. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-017-1138-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
209
|
Paul S, Das S, Tanvir E, Hossen MS, Saha M, Afroz R, Islam MA, Hossain MS, Gan SH, Ibrahim Khalil M. Protective effects of ethanolic peel and pulp extracts of Citrus macroptera fruit against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:256-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
|
210
|
Rafe MR. A review of five traditionally used anti-diabetic plants of Bangladesh and their pharmacological activities. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017; 10:933-939. [PMID: 29111187 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are used traditionally throughout the globe to treat various diseases. Traditionally used medicinal plants are an essential part of the health sector in Bangladesh due to its abundance of a vast source of ethno-medicine. Rural people from developing country like Bangladesh are greatly dependent on traditional source of medicine. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing from recent years; therefore various researches are going on to discover better medicine to treat this disease. This study has focused on five plants which are Andrographis paniculata, Ageratum conyzoides, Swertia chirata, Terminalia arjuna, and Azadirachta indica to find out their traditional formulation as anti-diabetic medicine and their pharmacological activity has also been explored through literature search. The available information about traditional anti-diabetic uses of these plants and their pharmacological activities were collected from various electronic sources like Pubmed, SciFinder, Elsevier, Springer, Scopus, Scirus, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Web of Science apart from these locally available books and peer reviewed journal were also used to collect information. This study will help to strengthen the relation between traditional medicine, pharmacology and drug development. A clue may be found from the information provided this review to discover new and better anti-diabetic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Rajdoula Rafe
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Zhang C, Li J, Hu C, Wang J, Zhang J, Ren Z, Song X, Jia L. Antihyperglycaemic and organic protective effects on pancreas, liver and kidney by polysaccharides from Hericium erinaceus SG-02 in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10847. [PMID: 28883631 PMCID: PMC5589823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work was designed to investigate the antihyperglycaemic and protective effects of two Hericium erinaceus intracellular polysaccharide (HIPS) purified fractions (HIPS1 and HIPS2) from mycelia of H. erinaceus SG-02 on pancreas, liver and kidney in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The supplementation of HIPS1 and HIPS2 significantly decreased the blood glucose (GLU) levels; suppressed the abnormal elevations of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE) levels in serum; improved the antioxidant enzymatic (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT)) activities; and attenuated the pathological damage to these organs. The HIPS1 showed superior effects in antihyperglycaemia and organic protection than HIPS2 possible owing to the abundant functional groups (-NH2, -COOH and S=O) in HIPS1, indicating that H. erinaceus SG-02 could be used as a functional food and natural drug for the prevention of diabetes and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Juan Li
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunlong Hu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jing Wang
- The Central Hospital of Taian, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Zhenzhen Ren
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xinling Song
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Le Jia
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
212
|
|
213
|
Yusoff NA, Lim V, Al-Hindi B, Abdul Razak KN, Widyawati T, Anggraini DR, Ahmad M, Asmawi MZ. Nypa fruticans Wurmb. Vinegar's Aqueous Extract Stimulates Insulin Secretion and Exerts Hepatoprotective Effect on STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9090925. [PMID: 28832548 PMCID: PMC5622685 DOI: 10.3390/nu9090925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: An aqueous extract (AE) of vinegar made from Nypa fruticans Wurmb. can improve postprandial glucose levels in normoglycaemic rats. The aim of this study was to evaluate its antihyperglycaemic activity further using in vivo and in vitro approaches. Methods: AE was administered to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats twice daily at three doses (1000, 500, and 250 mg/kg b.w.) for 12 days p.o. Several biochemical analyses and a histological study of the pancreas and liver were performed, accompanied by a cell culture assay. Results: As compared to diabetic control (DC), AE at the doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg b.w. caused significant reduction (p < 0.05) of blood glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides levels, with positive improvement of serum insulin levels. Interestingly, immunohistochemical staining of the pancreas suggested no β-cell regeneration, despite significant increase in insulin production. AE-treated groups, however, showed overall restoration of the hepatic histoarchitecture of STZ-induced liver damage, suggesting a possible hepatoprotective effect. The pancreatic effect of AE was further studied through RIN-5F cell culture, which revealed a positive stimulatory effect on insulin release at a basal glucose concentration (1.1 mM). Conclusion: Nypa fruticans Wurmb. vinegar’s aqueous extract exerts its antihyperglycaemic activity, at least in part, through insulin stimulatory and hepatoprotective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nor Adlin Yusoff
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang 13200, Malaysia.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Vuanghao Lim
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang 13200, Malaysia.
| | - Bassel Al-Hindi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | | | - Tri Widyawati
- Pharmacology and Therapeutic Department, Medical Faculty, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia.
| | - Dwi Rita Anggraini
- Anatomy Department, Medical Faculty, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia.
| | - Mariam Ahmad
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Zaini Asmawi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
214
|
Wu S, Lu M, Wang S. Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic properties of peach gum polysaccharides. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:166. [PMID: 28660458 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0852-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia are major risk factors for coronary artery diseases and atherosclerosis. Peach gum polysaccharides (PGPs) possess various bioactivities. In this study, PGPs were extracted with thermostable α-amylase and investigated in terms of hypolipidaemic and hypoglycaemic activities. KKAy mice were gavaged once daily with either PGPs or distilled water (control group) for 3 weeks. Oral administration of PGPs decreased the levels of serum triglyceride, cholesterol low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin, C-peptide, and HbAlc in mice. Moreover, treatment with PGPs increased the insulin sensitivity index in KKAy mice. Results indicated that PGPs possess significant hypoglycaemic effects and could be developed as a drug for preventing hyperlipidaemia and hyperglycaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Wu
- College of Marine Life and Fisheries, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Marine Resources Development Institute of Jiangsu, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Mingsheng Lu
- College of Marine Life and Fisheries, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Marine Resources Development Institute of Jiangsu, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Shujun Wang
- College of Marine Life and Fisheries, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
- Marine Resources Development Institute of Jiangsu, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Studies of Citrus macroptera: A Medicinal Plant Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:9789802. [PMID: 28740540 PMCID: PMC5504973 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9789802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Citrus macroptera (family Rutaceae), commonly known as Sat Kara, is a pharmacologically diverse medicinal plant. Various parts of this plant, specifically fruit, have an immense range of medicinal uses in folk medicine directed for a number of ailments. A plethora of active phytochemical constituents of this plant have been revealed so far, namely, limonene, beta-caryophyllene, beta-pinene, geranial edulinine, ribalinine, isoplatydesmine, and so forth. Several studies demonstrated the exploration of pharmacological potential of various parts such as fruits, leaves, and stems of C. macroptera as antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, thrombolytic, hypoglycemic, anxiolytic, antidepressant, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective. Furthermore, inhibition of in vitro α-amylase, inhibition of paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity, and potentiation of brain antioxidant enzyme are also ascertained. In present review, comprehensive study focused on knowledge regarding several phytopharmacological activities of Citrus macroptera has been described.
Collapse
|
216
|
Zbyňovská K, Halenár M, Chrastinová Ľ, Ondruška Ľ, Jurčík R, Čupka P, Tušimová E, Kováčik A, Kolesár E, Valuch J, Kolesarova A. Oral and intramuscular application of cyanogenic glycoside amygdalin did not induce changes in haematological profile of male rabbits. POTRAVINARSTVO 2017. [DOI: 10.5219/756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
217
|
Beidokhti MN, Jäger AK. Review of antidiabetic fruits, vegetables, beverages, oils and spices commonly consumed in the diet. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 201:26-41. [PMID: 28257977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes and its prevalence is rapidly increasing throughout the world. Modifications of lifestyle such as suitable diet and exercise programs along with pharmacotherapy and education of patients are beneficial therapies for patients with type 2 diabetes. The ethnopharmacological use of herbal medicines, many of them part of our diet as spices, vegetables and fruits, has been developed for the treatment of diabetes due to inexpensiveness, easy availability and few side effects. AIM OF THE STUDY Our aim is to present a review for researchers who are interested in the biologically active dietary plants traditionally utilized in the treatment of diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information was obtained from a literature search of electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Sci Finder and Cochrane. Common and scientific name of the fruits, vegetables, beverages, oils and spices and the words 'antidiabetic', 'hypoglycemic', 'anti-hyperglycemic', 'type 2 diabetes' were used as keywords for search. RESULTS Certain fruits and vegetables are functional foods and their consumption reduces the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycemic effects of fruits and vegetables may be due to their inducing nature on pancreatic β-cells for insulin secretion, or bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids and anthocyanins, which act as insulin-like molecules or insulin secretagogues. CONCLUSION This write-up covers hypoglycemic, anti-hyperglycemic and anti-diabetic activities of some dietary fruits, vegetables, beverages, oils and spices and their active hypoglycemic constituents. Including such plant species in the diet might improve management of type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Najari Beidokhti
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna K Jäger
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
218
|
Alpha-Amylase Inhibition and Antioxidative Capacity of Some Antidiabetic Plants Used by the Traditional Healers in Southeastern Nigeria. ScientificWorldJournal 2017; 2017:3592491. [PMID: 28367491 PMCID: PMC5358441 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3592491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome including diabetes mellitus (DM). The inhibition of alpha-amylase is an important therapeutic target in the regulation of postprandial increase of blood glucose in diabetic patients. The present study investigated the alpha-amylase inhibitory and antioxidant potential of selected herbal drugs used in the treatment of DM by the traditional healers in Isiala Mbano and Ikwuano regions of southeastern Nigeria. Antioxidant activity was evaluated in terms of free radical scavenging, reducing power, and total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC) in consonance with the TLC profiling. The results showed that methanol crude extracts from Anacardium occidentale (AO) and Ceiba pentandra (CP) recorded higher TPC and TFC, potent free radical scavenging, and efficient reducing power (RP) as compared with other plant samples. All the plant extracts exhibited a relative alpha-amylase inhibition apart from Strophanthus hispidus (SH) extract with a negative effect. We discovered a mild to weak correlation between alpha-amylase inhibition or antioxidative capacity and the total phenol or flavonoid content. At least in part, the results obtained in this work support the traditional use of certain plant species in the treatment of patients with DM.
Collapse
|
219
|
Sathasivampillai SV, Rajamanoharan PRS, Munday M, Heinrich M. Plants used to treat diabetes in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine - An ethnopharmacological review of historical and modern sources. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 198:531-599. [PMID: 27448453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND In recent decades diabetes mellitus has become a considerable health problem in countries like Sri Lanka and results in an increasing economic burden hampering the social and economic development of these countries. About 60% to 70% of the rural population in Sri Lanka rely on indigenous medicinal systems as their main source for primary health care. Siddha (Tamil) Medicine is one of the four Sri Lankan traditional medicinal systems and it is practised mostly in the eastern and northern provinces of Sri Lanka where the majority of Tamils reside. AIM The foundation of this study is a documentation of plant species recorded in historical and modern Sri Lankan Siddha Medical documents used to treat diabetes. Based on the systematic documentation and analysis of Siddha concepts about diabetes and its signs and preparations used to treat diabetes in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine, the plant species included in these preparations (excluding globally or very widely used, very well studied species) were evaluated in terms of the current state-of-the-art about these species' pharmacology and effectiveness in order to lay a foundation for their further development. METHOD Historic and modern Sri Lankan university texts books in Tamil were used as sources for information on diabetes Siddha concepts and antidiabetic Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine preparations. Information on the known antidiabetic effects of extracts and compounds obtained from these species were used in order to assess the current state of the art of these species. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Information of ingredients, preparation methods, amount of ingredients used, and dosages of 60 antidiabetic Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine preparations were obtained. Animal parts including marine organisms, inorganic substances, and plants are the three types of ingredients used. Overall 171 plant species in 73 families were documented. Senna auriculata (L.) Roxb. (Fabaceae) was identified as the most frequently cited species. Globally distributed and very well studied plants were excluded in the pharmacological and clinical literature review which includes 123 plant species. The majority (48%) of the plant species reviewed were studied up to in vivo level as the current maximum level of scientific evidence available. Followed by 41% of species have not been studied for antidiabetic activities or did not show antidiabetic activity. Moreover, 6% and 5% were studied up to in vitro and in clinical levels, respectively. The majority of the species were studied only in the models that represent type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSION This is the first study systematically assessing the importance of preparations and plants used in antidiabetic Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine preparations. Antidiabetic plants are a crucial health care resource in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine. This study also identified a wide range of methodological problems in the studies conducted so far. More and better type 2 diabetes models should be employed in future studies. This comprehensive review creates the basis for a more systematic study of these local resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pholtan R S Rajamanoharan
- Planning Unit, Provincial Department of Indigenous Medicine, Trincomalee, Eastern Province, Sri Lanka
| | - Michael Munday
- Research Cluster 'Biodiversity and Medicines', UCL School of Pharmacy, University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Research Cluster 'Biodiversity and Medicines', UCL School of Pharmacy, University of London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
220
|
Pulverization Using Liquid Nitrogen Significantly Improves Physical Properties of Powder and Extraction Yield of Polysaccharides of Astragalus mongholicus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2016-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Astragalus mongholicus is a famous traditional Chinese medicinal herb because of its human health benefits and bioactive compounds. Pulverization process directly affects quality and dissolution of bioactive compounds of A. mongholicus. In the present study, liquid nitrogen was introduced to pulverization process of A. mongholicus. The pulverization with addition of liquid nitrogen (LNP) effectively retained powder color, crushed tissue fiber, and reduced hardness of A. mongholicus. Furthermore, LNP significantly improved elasticity and solubility of the powder, as well as soluble solid contents. In addition, extraction yield of polysaccharides, characteristic bioactive compounds in A. mongholicus, was increased by 10.5 % by combination of LNP and Tween-80 enzyme extraction. These results suggest that LNP can be a promising technology for preparation of A. mongholicus powder. The information will also contribute to improvement of manufacturing technology of Chinese medicinal herb.
Collapse
|
221
|
Banana Blossom ( Musa acuminate Colla) Incorporated Experimental Diets Modulate Serum Cholesterol and Serum Glucose Level in Wistar Rats Fed with Cholesterol. CHOLESTEROL 2017; 2016:9747412. [PMID: 28042480 PMCID: PMC5155093 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9747412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypocholesterolaemic and hypoglycaemic effect of banana blossom were studied in high-cholesterol fed rats. Experimental groups were fed for 4 weeks, with casein as the basal diet (CN), in comparison with two diets containing 0.5% cholesterol (CD) and 0.5% cholesterol + 21% banana blossom powder (CDB). Serum total cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol level, and serum glucose concentrations were lower in CDB fed group compared with CD fed group. Lower serum cholesterol and glucose level (P < 0.05) in CDB fed group were followed by higher faecal weight, caecal weight, caecal Lactobacilli, and Bifidobacteria population in CDB fed group compared to CD diet fed group. Lower serum AST level in banana blossom fed rats showed the reduction in oxidative stress induced by high cholesterol diet. Based on these data, it could be speculated that banana blossom incorporated experimental diets may modulate the hypocholesterolaemic and hypoglycaemic responses in Wistar rats.
Collapse
|
222
|
Alamgir ANM. Cultivation of Herbal Drugs, Biotechnology, and In Vitro Production of Secondary Metabolites, High-Value Medicinal Plants, Herbal Wealth, and Herbal Trade. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63862-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
223
|
Wu CY, Wang H, He XX, Wu DW, Yue W, Wu QN. The hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of polysaccharides from the petioles and pedicels of Euryale ferox Salisb. on alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice. Food Funct 2017; 8:3803-3813. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01035d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the potential hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of polysaccharides extracted from the petioles and pedicels of Euryale ferox Salisb. (EFPP) on alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ying Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210028
- China
| | - Hong Wang
- The School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Xiao-Xiao He
- The School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Da-Wei Wu
- The School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Wei Yue
- The School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Qi-Nan Wu
- The School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Ajiboye BO, Ojo OA, Adeyonu O, Imiere OD, Fadaka AO, Osukoya AO. Ameliorative Activity of Ethanol Extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus Stem Bark on Pancreatic β-Cell Dysfunction in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2016; 22:538-543. [PMID: 29279019 PMCID: PMC5871257 DOI: 10.1177/2156587216685510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to investigate the ameliorative effects of ethanol extract Artocarpus heterophyllus (EAH) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The rats were divided into 6 groups, with groups 1 and 2 serving as nondiabetic and diabetic control, respectively; group 3 serving as diabetic rats treated with 5 mg/kg glibenclamide; and groups 4 to 6 were diabetic rats treated with 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg of EAH, respectively. Assays determined were serum insulin, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities. EAH stem bark reduced fasting blood glucose and lipid peroxidation levels and increased serum insulin levels and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Data obtained demonstrated the ability of EAH stem bark to ameliorate pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
Collapse
|
225
|
Verma M, Gupta SJ, Chaudhary A, Garg VK. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors as antidiabetic agents - A brief review. Bioorg Chem 2016; 70:267-283. [PMID: 28043717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and obesity are one of the most common health issues spread throughout world and raised the medical attention to find the new effective agents to treat these disease state. Occurrence of the drug resistance to the insulin and leptin receptor is also challenging major issues. The molecules that can overcome this resistance problem could be effective for the treatment of both type II diabetes and obesity. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTP) has emerged as new promising targets for therapeutic purpose in recent years. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP 1B) act as a negative regulator of insulin and leptin receptor signalling pathways. Several approaches have been successfully applied to find out potent and selective inhibitors. This article reviews PTP 1B inhibitors; natural, synthetic and semi-synthetic that showed inhibition towards enzyme as a major target for the management of type II diabetes. These studies could be contributing the future development of PTP 1B inhibitors as drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering & Technology, Baghpat By-pass Crossing, NH-58, Delhi-Haridwar Highway, Meerut 250005, India.
| | - Shyam Ji Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, W.B., India
| | - Anurag Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering & Technology, Baghpat By-pass Crossing, NH-58, Delhi-Haridwar Highway, Meerut 250005, India
| | - Vipin K Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering & Technology, Baghpat By-pass Crossing, NH-58, Delhi-Haridwar Highway, Meerut 250005, India
| |
Collapse
|
226
|
Bhagour K, Arya D, Gupta R. A review: Antihyperglycemic plant medicines in management of diabetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arthe.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
227
|
Asase A, Yohonu DT. Ethnobotanical study of herbal medicines for management of diabetes mellitus in Dangme West District of southern Ghana. J Herb Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
228
|
A novel formula Sang-Tong-Jian improves glycometabolism and ameliorates insulin resistance by activating PI3K/AKT pathway in type 2 diabetic KKAy mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:1585-1594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
|
229
|
4-Hydroxyisoleucine from Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum): Effects on Insulin Resistance Associated with Obesity. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111596. [PMID: 27879673 PMCID: PMC6273931 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are interdependent multifactorial processes that cannot be understood separately. Obesity leads to systemic inflammation and increased levels of free fatty acids that provoke IR and lipotoxicity. At the same time, IR exacerbates adipose cell dysfunction, resulting in chronic inflammation and major lipotoxic effects on nonadipose tissues. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine (4-OHIle), a peculiar nonprotein amino acid isolated from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds, exhibits interesting effects on IR related to obesity. 4-OHIle increases glucose-induced insulin release, and the insulin response mediated by 4-OHIle depends on glucose concentration. The beneficial effects observed are related to the regulation of blood glucose, plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, free fatty acid levels, and the improvement of liver function. The mechanism of action is related to increased Akt phosphorylation and reduced activation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)1/2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. Here, we present a review of the research regarding the insulinotropic and insulin-sensitising activity of 4-OHIle in in vitro and in vivo models.
Collapse
|
230
|
Zhang F, Lin L, Xie J. A mini-review of chemical and biological properties of polysaccharides from Momordica charantia. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 92:246-253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.06.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
231
|
Effect of Cross-Linking with Aloe vera Gel on Surface and Physicochemical Properties of Edible Films Made from Plantain Flour. FOOD BIOPHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-016-9458-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
232
|
A review on promising phytochemical, nutritional and glycemic control studies on Moringa oleifera Lam. in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
233
|
Physico-chemical properties and in vitro digestibility of edible films made from plantain flour with added Aloe vera gel. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
234
|
Sampath C, Sang S, Ahmedna M. In vitro and in vivo inhibition of aldose reductase and advanced glycation end products by phloretin, epigallocatechin 3-gallate and [6]-gingerol. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:502-513. [PMID: 27685794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemic stress activates polyol pathway and aldose reductase (AR) key enzyme responsible for generating secondary complications during diabetes. In this study the therapeutic potential of phloretin, epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) and [6]-gingerol were evaluated for anti-glycating and AR inhibitory activity in vitro and in vivo systems. Human retinal pigment epithelial (HRPE) cells were induced with high glucose supplemented with the phloretin, EGCG and [6]-gingerol. Aldose reductase activity, total advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and enzyme inhibitor kinetics were assessed. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to one of the different treatments (bioactive compounds at 2 concentrations each) with either a low fat diet or high fat diet (HFD). After sixteen weeks, AGE accumulation and AR activity was determined in heart, eyes and kidney. High glucose induced toxicity decreased cell viability compared to the untreated cells and AR activity increased to 2-5 folds from 24 to 96h. Pre-treatment of cells with phloretin, EGCG and [6]-gingerol improved cell viability and inhibited AR activity. The enzyme inhibition kinetics followed a non-competitive mode of inhibition for phloretin and EGCG whereas [6]-gingerol indicated uncompetitive type of inhibition against AR. Data from the animal studies showed high plasma glucose levels in HFD group over time, compared to the low fat diet. HFD group developed cataract and AR activity increased to 4 folds compared to the group with low fat diet. Administration of EGCG, phloretin and [6]-gingerol significantly reduced blood sugar levels, AGEs accumulation, and AR activity. These findings could provide a basis to consider using the selected dietary components alone or in combination with other therapeutic approaches to prevent diabetes-related complications in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chethan Sampath
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Shengmin Sang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, United States
| | - Mohamed Ahmedna
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
235
|
Tanwar RS, Sharma SB, Prabhu KM. In vivo assessment of antidiabetic and antioxidative activity of natural phytochemical isolated from fruit-pulp of Eugenia jambolana in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Redox Rep 2016; 22:301-307. [PMID: 27654810 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2016.1229892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Eugenia jambolana (E. jambolana) is well known for its antidiabetic potential. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidative effect of an active compound (FIIc) isolated from fruit-pulp of E. jambolana in streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body weight)-induced diabetic rats. METHODS FIIc was isolated from the crude aqueous extract of fruit-pulp by ion-exchange column chromatography and high-performance column chromatography. Detailed UV, NMR, and IR spectra suggested that FIIc is α-hydroxy succinamic acid. FIIc was orally administered to diabetic rats at a dose of 10, 15, and 20 mg/kg body weight (mg/kg bwt.) to determine its effective dose. Thereafter, effective dose was administered to 8 weeks to determine its antidiabetic and antioxidative activity by estimation of glycemic index, lipid profile, key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, and oxidative stress parameters. RESULTS Administration of 15 mg/kg dose daily for 8 weeks led to significant (P < 0.001) fall in fasting blood glucose. Treatment with FIIc (15 mg/kg bwt.) showed significant improvement (P < 0.001) in all the biochemical parameters. DISCUSSION The results demonstrate that FIIc possesses significant antidiabetic and antioxidative activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reenu Singh Tanwar
- a Department of Biochemistry , University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital , Delhi , India
| | - Suman Bala Sharma
- a Department of Biochemistry , University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital , Delhi , India
| | - Krishna Madhava Prabhu
- a Department of Biochemistry , University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital , Delhi , India
| |
Collapse
|
236
|
Emblica officinalis (Amla): A review for its phytochemistry, ethnomedicinal uses and medicinal potentials with respect to molecular mechanisms. Pharmacol Res 2016; 111:180-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
237
|
Shanmugasundaram D, Duraiswamy A, Viswanathan A, Sasikumar CS, Cherian SM, Cherian KM. Development of an antidiabetic polyherbal formulation (ADPHF6) and assessment of its antioxidant activity against ROS-induced damage in pUC19 and human lymphocytes - an in vitro study. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 13:267-274. [PMID: 27352446 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2015-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyherbalism, an alternative natural-based therapy for various disorders, has been quoted about 1,300 years before in Sharangdhar Samhita. Herbal-based combination therapy stages a vital role for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications. The present study aims at developing an Ayurvedic-based polyherbal formulation (ADPHF6) and the assessing its antidiabetic and antioxidant property. METHODS ADPHF6 polyherbal formulation was measured for phytochemical components by qualitative methods. The polyherbal formulation was quantitatively estimated for its phytochemical constituents, i. e. total phenol and flavonoid content. Further, the antioxidant property of ADPHF6 formulation was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay and metal chelating assay. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of polyherbal formulation were also assessed. ADPHF6 was further analysed for its protective antioxidant property against reactive oxygen species (ROS‾)-induced damage in human lymphocyte DNA and pUC19 plasmid. RESULTS ADPHF6 polyherbal formulation revealed the presence of phytochemical constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, terpenoids, saponins and cardiac glycosides in significant levels. Further, it also measured the higher levels of total phenols (473.3±3.05 mg/g) and flavonoid (664±5.29 mg/g) content. Polyherbal formulation also exhibited IC50 values of 49.9±0.15, 65.1±0.10 and 60.1±0.05 mg/mL for 2,2- diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Fe2+ radical scavenging activities, respectively. ADPHF6 revealed an inhibitory activity (IC50) of 0.67±0.01 and 0.81±0.01 mg/mL for α-amylase and glucosidase, respectively. Pre-treated human peripheral blood lymphocytes with ADPHF6 aqueous extract illustrated enhanced protection against ROS-mediated damage as compared with post-treated groups. DNA nicking assay rendered protective activity against the OH¯ radical-induced DNA damage in supercoiled pUC19 plasmid. CONCLUSIONS Our present study demonstrates that ADPHF6 offers potent inhibitory activity against free radicals as well as digestive enzymes. However, studies should be conducted using in vivo model to further elucidate the effect against free radicals and its anti-hyperglycaemic activity in the management of non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
Collapse
|
238
|
Ebrahimi E, Bahramzadeh S, Hashemitabar M, Mohammadzadeh G, Shirali S, Jodat J. Effect of hydroalcoholic leaves extract of Citrullus colocynthis on induction of insulin secretion from isolated rat islets of Langerhans. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(16)61101-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
239
|
Parlinska-Wojtan M, Kus-Liskiewicz M, Depciuch J, Sadik O. Green synthesis and antibacterial effects of aqueous colloidal solutions of silver nanoparticles using camomile terpenoids as a combined reducing and capping agent. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1213-23. [PMID: 27083587 PMCID: PMC4945692 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1599-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Green synthesis method using camomile extract was applied to synthesize silver nanoparticles to tune their antibacterial properties merging the synergistic effect of camomile and Ag. Scanning transmission electron microscopy revealed that camomile extract (CE) consisted of porous globular nanometer sized structures, which were a perfect support for Ag nanoparticles. The Ag nanoparticles synthesized with the camomile extract (AgNPs/CE) of 7 nm average sizes, were uniformly distributed on the CE support, contrary to the pure Ag nanoparticles synthesized with glucose (AgNPs/G), which were over 50 nm in diameter and strongly agglomerated. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy chemical analysis showed that camomile terpenoids act as a capping and reducing agent being adsorbed on the surface of AgNPs/CE enabling their reduction from Ag(+) and preventing them from agglomeration. Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy measurements confirmed these findings, as the spectra of AgNPs/CE, compared to pure CE, did not contain the 1109 cm(-1) band, corresponding to -C-O groups of terpenoids and the peaks at 280 and 320 nm, respectively. Antibacterial tests using four bacteria strains showed that the AgNPs/CE performed five times better compared to CE AgNPs/G samples, reducing totally all the bacteria in 2 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Małgorzata Kus-Liskiewicz
- Biotechnology Centre for Applied and Fundamental Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Sokołowska Street 26, 36-100, Kolbuszowa, Poland
| | - Joanna Depciuch
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31342, Kraków, Poland
| | - Omowunmi Sadik
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| |
Collapse
|
240
|
Qiu G, Tian W, Huan M, Chen J, Fu H. Formononetin exhibits anti-hyperglycemic activity in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 242:223-230. [PMID: 27412955 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216657445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-hyperglycemic activity and mechanism of formononetin in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic mice by determining its effect on some diabetes-related indices as described below. Body weight, fasting blood glucose, hepatic glycogen, serum insulin, and serum glucagon were determined by electronic scales, glucometer, and ELISA kits. Fas, Caspase-3, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 , insulin receptor substrate 2, glucokinase and glucose transporter 2, mRNA and proteins levels in pancreas tissue, and glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase mRNA, and proteins levels in liver tissue were detected by fluorogenic quantitative-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays. The results indicated that formononetin (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg; oral administration) reversed the alloxan-induced increase of some indices (fasting blood glucose level and Fas and Caspase-3 mRNA and proteins levels in pancreas tissue) and reduction of some indices (body weight gain, oral glucose tolerance, insulin activity, hepatic glycogen level, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1, insulin receptor substrate 2, glucokinase and glucose transporter 2, mRNA and proteins levels in pancreas tissue, and glucokinase mRNA and protein levels in liver tissue). The glucagon level and glucose-6-phosphatase mRNA and protein levels in liver tissue were not affected by the drugs administration. In conclusion, formononetin exhibited anti-hyperglycemic activity in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic mice by inhibiting islet B cell apoptosis and promoting islet B cell regeneration, insulin secretion, hepatic glycogen synthesis, and hepatic glycolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guizhen Qiu
- 1 Department of Health, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong University, Linyi 276003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei Tian
- 2 Department of Nursing, Linyi Oncosurgical Hospital, Linyi 276002, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mei Huan
- 2 Department of Nursing, Linyi Oncosurgical Hospital, Linyi 276002, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinlong Chen
- 3 Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Linshu County, Linshu 276700, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haitao Fu
- 4 Department of Ophthalmology, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong University, Linyi 276003, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
241
|
Dashtban M, Sarir H, Omidi A. The effect of Prosopis farcta beans extract on blood biochemical parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. Adv Biomed Res 2016; 5:116. [PMID: 27512685 PMCID: PMC4964659 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.185575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The use of herbals in the treatment of diabetes mellitus is a well-established practice in traditional medicine. The medicinal plant Prosopis farcta has some antioxidant activity, which may be useful in diabetic patients. Since, there is no report on the antidiabetic effect of the P. farcta, this study evaluated antidiabetic activity of P. farcta bean extract (PFE) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Hyperglycemia was induced in male albino Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg body weight [BW]), after which, the animals were randomly allocated into six experimental groups as follows: Group 1: Normal rats (received normal saline), Groups 2 and 3: Normal rats received PFE; (50 and 75 mg/kg BW), Group 4: Diabetic control rats, Group 5: Diabetic rats received PFE (50 mg/kg BW), Group 6: Diabetic rats received PFE (75 mg/kg BW). Three days after induction of diabetes, rats were received an extract of PFE orally for 12 days. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture to determine liver enzymes; aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (AST and ALT), cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high and low density lipoproteins (HDL and LDL). Results: The administration of PFE (50 and 75 mg/kg) in STZ-induced diabetic rats significantly reduced the blood glucose levels when compared with the STZ-control group (227.2 ± 12.00 and 259.6 ± 7.03 vs. 454.6 ± 12.66, P < 0.001). PFE in diabetic groups had no significant effect on the levels of cholesterol, TG, HDL, LDL, AST, and ALT compare to the STZ-control group. Conclusion: P. farcta could reduce blood glucose in diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Dashtban
- Department of Animal Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hadi Sarir
- Department of Animal Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Arash Omidi
- Department of Animal Health Management, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
242
|
Luvuno M, Mbongwa HP, Khathi A. THE EFFECTS OF Syzygium aromaticum-DERIVED TRITERPENES ON GASTROINTESTINAL GHRELIN EXPRESSION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2016; 13:8-14. [PMID: 28852714 PMCID: PMC5566155 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v13i4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Diabetic polyphagia has been associated with elevated plasma ghrelin levels in experimental type 1 diabetes. This increase in food consumption contributes to chronic hyperglycaemia in diabetes thus contributing to the development of micro- and macrovascular complications. We have reported that plant-derived oleanolic acid (OA) and maslinic acid (MA) reduce blood glucose levels, in part, through the inhibition of intestinal carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes and glucose transporters. However, their effects on food intake and plasma ghrelin concentrations are unclear. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of these triterpenes on food intake and ghrelin expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Material: The effects of OA and MA on blood glucose concentration; food and water intake were monitored over five weeks after which plasma ghrelin concentrations were measured. Additionally, the expression of ghrelin in the various sections of the GIT was determined using Western blot analysis. Results: Ghrelin concentrations in untreated STZ-induced diabetic rats were significantly higher in comparison to the non-diabetic control. Interestingly, the administration of OA and MA reduced food intake, blood glucose levels and plasma ghrelin levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats. This was further complemented by significant reductions in the gastrointestinal expression of ghrelin suggesting that the anti-diabetic properties of these triterpenes are mediated, in part, through the reduction of food intake and the modulation of ghrelin expression. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that the control of food intake through the reduction of ghrelin expression by plant-derived OA and MA may constitute an avenue of glycaemic control in diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mluleki Luvuno
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Hlengiwe Prosperity Mbongwa
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Andile Khathi
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
243
|
Duraiswamy A, Shanmugasundaram D, Sasikumar CS, Cherian SM, Cherian KM. Development of an antidiabetic formulation (ADJ6) and its inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. J Tradit Complement Med 2016; 6:204-8. [PMID: 27419082 PMCID: PMC4936654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There has recently been much advancement in the diagnosis, treatment, and research of metabolic disorders, especially diabetes. Current research around the world is focused on finding an alternative source of treatment from natural resources for diabetic management, apart from the available synthetic medicines. The present study is a preliminary study of a polyherbal formulation using edible natural resources and an assessment of its antidiabetic activity. The formulation was screened for its phytochemical constituents, total phenols, flavonoids, and vitamin C content. It was also analyzed for its inhibitory effect against the digestive enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase, compared with the standard drug acarbose. The formulation showed the presence of major constituents such as steroids, cardiac glycosides, phenols, flavonoids, and saponins. It also had a high level of phenols (340 ± 2.5 mg/g), flavonoids (235.4 ± 8.3 mg/g), and vitamin C (470.8 ± 16.6 mg/g), and showed a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 0.41 ± 0.03 mg/mL and 0.51 ± 0.01 mg/mL for amylase and glucosidase, respectively. The results showed that ADJ6 had a significant inhibitory activity on α-amylase and α-glucosidase; however, its inhibitory activity was less than that of acarbose. The plants that are formulated in ADJ6 possess potent antidiabetic activity. Thus, we found that ADJ6 is a potent lead for effective diabetic management; however, an evaluation of the formulation must be illustrated using an in vivo model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anand Duraiswamy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biochemistry, Frontier Mediville (A Unit of Frontier Lifeline and Dr. K. M. Cherian Heart Foundation), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Devanand Shanmugasundaram
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biochemistry, Frontier Mediville (A Unit of Frontier Lifeline and Dr. K. M. Cherian Heart Foundation), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Changam Sheela Sasikumar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biochemistry, Frontier Mediville (A Unit of Frontier Lifeline and Dr. K. M. Cherian Heart Foundation), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanjay M. Cherian
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Frontier Lifeline Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
244
|
Ali-Shtayeh MS, Jamous RM, Salameh NMY, Jamous RM, Hamadeh AMA. Complementary and alternative medicine use among cancer patients in Palestine with special reference to safety-related concerns. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 187:104-122. [PMID: 27125594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The use of CAM including herbal medicine as the most preferred CAM modality, among cancer patients who are taking prescription medications has shown to be highly prevalent worldwide as well as in several Middle Eastern countries, with a high percentage of the patients do not disclose their CAM use to treating physician. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study aimed to evaluate the patterns of CAM use among two cohorts of cancer patients in Palestine over a three-year period, and to identify socio-demographic factors that are associated with CAM use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Across-sectional survey of patients attending outpatient cancer clinics. The method was based on a semi-structured questionnaire. In order to identify safety-related concerns associated with the products listed, a literature search was conducted using different databases (PubMed, Micromedex, AltMedDex, and the Natural Medicine Comprehensive Database). RESULTS In 472 cancer patients including 372 of the 2011 cohort; and 100 of the 2014 cohort, the overall prevalence of CAM use was 69.5%. CAM users were more likely to be ≤65 years old, village resident, being in the midst of chemotherapy, to have high interest spiritual quest, and to have no other chronic diseases. A significant number of CAM users reported using herbal preparations (98.3%, and 89.6% in the two study cohorts, respectively). In the current study, a total of 40 plant taxa belonging to 23 botanical families were reported by ≥3 cancer patients in the two cohort groups. The top most commonly used plant in the 2011 cohort group was Arum palaestinum (43.5%), while Ephedra foeminea emerged as the top most commonly utilized plant (from 0.0% in 2011 to 55.2% in the 2014 cohort), mainly due to a recent publicizing and portraying of the plant in the local media as an effective cancer herbal remedy. Safety-related concerns were associated with 33 (82.5%) herbs, including herb-drug interactions with altered pharmacokinetics (8, 20% herbs), direct toxic effects (16, 40% herbs), and increased in vitro response of cancer cells to chemotherapy (30, 75% herbs). CONCLUSIONS CAM use, especially herbal medicine in cancer is highly prevalent in Palestine. This study has demonstrated the role of the media on the emergence of new CAM herbal therapies among cancer patients in Palestine, and discussed its potential implications on patients and for oncologists who are treating them. Some of the most widely used herbal medicines by cancer patients in the present work are known to interact with conventional anticancer drugs. Hence, the disclosure of the use of herbal remedies by patients to health professionals with sufficient training in CAM use is important for the later in order to assess whether there are any possible herbal drug interactions and/or harmful drug reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rana M Jamous
- Biodiversity and Environmental Research Center-BERC, Til-Nablus, Palestine
| | - Nihaya M Y Salameh
- Biodiversity and Environmental Research Center-BERC, Til-Nablus, Palestine; Palestinian Military Services, Ramallah, Palestine
| | - Rania M Jamous
- Biodiversity and Environmental Research Center-BERC, Til-Nablus, Palestine; Palestinian Military Services, Ramallah, Palestine
| | - Amneh M A Hamadeh
- Biodiversity and Environmental Research Center-BERC, Til-Nablus, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
245
|
Combining biochemical with (1)H NMR-based metabolomics approach unravels the antidiabetic activity of genipin and its possible mechanism. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 129:80-89. [PMID: 27411170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a typical heterogeneous metabolic disorder characterized by abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Genipin possesses a wide spectrum of biological activities including ameliorating effects on diabetes, but the definite mechanism of this effect remains unknown. To investigate the antidiabetic activities of genipin and explore the biochemical changes of serum endogenous metabolites on diabetic rats induced by alloxan, (1)H NMR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate data analysis was used to. All rats were randomly divided into six groups including negative control (NC) group, diabetic mellitus (DM) group, metformin hydrochloride group, high dose group of genipin, middle dose group of genipin and low dose group of genipin. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 120mg/kg body weight of alloxan. Serum samples were collected for the (1)H NMR-based metabolomics and clinical biochemical analysis. Daily oral administration of genipin (25, 50 and 100mg/kg body weight) and metformin hydrochloride (125mg/kg) for two weeks showed beneficial effects on blood glucose level (P<0.01). Significant differences in the metabolic profile as well as the result of biochemical parameters between the diabetic group and the control group were observed. The PLS-DA scores and corresponding loading plots demonstrated that genipin significantly restored the abnormal metabolic state. Detailed analysis of the altered metabolite levels indicated that genipin significantly ameliorated the disturbance in glucose metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Genipin showed the best anti-diabetic effects at a dose of 100mg/kg in rats. This finding indicates that chemical and metabolomic approaches could be powerful tools for the investigation of the biochemical changes in pathological conditions or drug treatment.
Collapse
|
246
|
Low WL, Kenward K, Britland ST, Amin MC, Martin C. Essential oils and metal ions as alternative antimicrobial agents: a focus on tea tree oil and silver. Int Wound J 2016; 14:369-384. [PMID: 27146784 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing occurrence of hospital-acquired infections and the emerging problems posed by antibiotic-resistant microbial strains have both contributed to the escalating cost of treatment. The presence of infection at the wound site can potentially stall the healing process at the inflammatory stage, leading to the development of a chronic wound. Traditional wound treatment regimes can no longer cope with the complications posed by antibiotic-resistant strains; hence, there is a need to explore the use of alternative antimicrobial agents. Pre-antibiotic compounds, including heavy metal ions and essential oils, have been re-investigated for their potential use as effective antimicrobial agents. Essential oils have potent antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and other beneficial therapeutic properties. Similarly, heavy metal ions have also been used as disinfecting agents because of their broad spectrum activities. Both of these alternative antimicrobials interact with many different intracellular components, thereby resulting in the disruption of vital cell functions and eventually cell death. This review will discuss the application of essential oils and heavy metal ions, particularly tea tree oil and silver ions, as alternative antimicrobial agents for the treatment of chronic, infected wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Li Low
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Ken Kenward
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Stephen T Britland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.,Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Mohd Cim Amin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Claire Martin
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.,Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
247
|
Han AR, Kim SW, Chun SH, Nam MH, Hong CO, Kim BH, Kim TC, Lee KW. Effect of Diet Containing Whole Wheat Bread with Capsosiphon fulvescens and Lindera obtusiloba Ethanol Extracts on Plasma Glucose and Lipid Levels in Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.9721/kjfst.2016.48.2.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
248
|
Shirakawa JI, Arakawa S, Tagawa T, Gotoh K, Oikawa N, Ohno RI, Shinagawa M, Hatano K, Sugawa H, Ichimaru K, Kinoshita S, Furusawa C, Yamanaka M, Kobayashi M, Masuda S, Nagai M, Nagai R. Salacia chinensis L. extract ameliorates abnormal glucose metabolism and improves the bone strength and accumulation of AGEs in type 1 diabetic rats. Food Funct 2016; 7:2508-15. [PMID: 27121272 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01618e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although extracts of the roots and stems of Salacia chinensis have been used in folk medicines for chronic diseases such as rheumatism, irregular menstruation, asthma and diabetes mellitus, little is known about the mechanism by which Salacia chinensis extract (SCE) ameliorates these diseases. To clarify whether SCE ameliorates the progression of lifestyle-related diseases, the inhibitory effect of SCE on the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) was analyzed in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Although the oral administration of SCE did not ameliorate the diabetes-induced decrease in body weight, it ameliorated the increase in glycoalbumin levels in diabetic rats. An analysis by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) demonstrated that the levels of N(ε)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) were highest in the femurs and that they increased by the induction of diabetes. The administration of SCE also ameliorated the decreased femur strength and the accumulation of CML. Furthermore, when all of the carbohydrates in the chow of diabetic rats were replaced with free glucose, the administration of SCE significantly ameliorated a diabetes-induced increase in glycoalbumin and decrease in serum creatinine level and body weight. This study provides evidence to support that SCE ameliorates diabetes-induced abnormalities by improving the uptake of glucose by various organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kawayou, Minamiaso, Aso-gun, Kumamoto 869-1404, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
249
|
Marques ES, Froder JG, Carvalho JCT, Rosa PCP, Perazzo FF, Maistro EL. Evaluation of the genotoxicity of Euterpe oleraceae Mart. (Arecaceae) fruit oil (açaí), in mammalian cells in vivo. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 93:13-9. [PMID: 27125964 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
E. oleracea is a tropical plant from the Amazon region, with its fruit used for food, and traditionally, as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, for atherosclerotic disease, and has anticancer properties. The oil of the fruit has antidiarrheic, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities, but without genotoxicity evaluation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic potential of E. oleracea fruit oil (EOO), in rat cells. Male Wistar rats were treated with EOO by gavage at doses of 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg, for 14 days, within a 24 h interval. The DNA damage in the leukocytes, liver, bone marrow and testicular cells, was assessed by the comet assay, and the clastogenic/aneugenic effects in the bone marrow cells, by the micronucleus test. Our phytochemicals characterization of the EOO showed the presence of vanillic, palmitic, γ-linolenic, linoleic, oleic, cinnamic, caffeic, protocatechuic, ferulic, syringic acids, and flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol rutinoside as the main constituents. Both cytogenetic tests performed showed that EOO presented no significant genotoxic effects in the analyzed cells, at the three tested doses. These results indicate that, under our experimental conditions, E. oleracea fruit oil did not reveal genetic toxicity in rat cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E S Marques
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Instituto de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - J G Froder
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Instituto de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - J C T Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - P C P Rosa
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - F F Perazzo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - E L Maistro
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Instituto de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Marília, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
250
|
Abstract
Current literature shows an association of diabetes and secondary complications with chronic inflammation. Evidence of these immunological changes include altered levels of cytokines and chemokines, changes in the numbers and activation states of various leukocyte populations, apoptosis, and fibrosis during diabetes. Therefore, treatment of diabetes and its complications may include pharmacological strategies to reduce inflammation. Apart from anti-inflammatory drugs, various hypoglycemic agents have also been found to reduce inflammation that could contribute to improved outcomes. Extensive studies have been carried out with thiazolidinediones (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, and metformin (AMP-activated protein kinase activator) with each of these classes of compounds showing moderate-to-strong anti-inflammatory action. Sulfonylureas and alpha glucosidase inhibitors appeared to exert modest effects, while the injectable agents, insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, may improve secondary complications due to their anti-inflammatory potential. Currently, there is a lack of clinical data on anti-inflammatory effects of sodium–glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors. Nevertheless, for all these glucose-lowering agents, it is essential to distinguish between anti-inflammatory effects resulting from better glucose control and effects related to intrinsic anti-inflammatory actions of the pharmacological class of compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Kothari
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Boshell Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - John A Galdo
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Samford University, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Suresh T Mathews
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Samford University, Birmingham, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|