201
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Iseki T, Mabesoone MFJ, Koenis MAJ, Lamers BAG, Weyandt E, de Windt LNJ, Buma WJ, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Temperature-dependent modulation by biaryl-based monomers of the chain length and morphology of biphenyl-based supramolecular polymers. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13001-13012. [PMID: 34745531 PMCID: PMC8513997 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03974a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular copolymerizations offer attractive options to introduce structural and functional diversity in supramolecular polymer materials. Yet, general principles and structure–property relationships for rational comonomer design remain lacking. Here, we report on the supramolecular (co)aggregation of a phenylpyridine and bipyridine derivative of a recently reported biphenyl tetracarboxamide-based monomer. We show that both arylpyridines are poor monomers for supramolecular homopolymerizations. However, the two arylpyridines efficiently influence supramolecular polymers of a biphenyl-based polymer. The phenylpyridine derivatives primarily sequestrate biphenyl monomers, while the bipyridine intercalates into the polymers at high temperatures. Thereby, these two poorly homopolymerizing monomers allow for a fine control over the length of the biphenyl-based supramolecular polymers. As such, our results highlight the potential to control the structure and morphology of supramolecular polymers by tailoring the electronic properties of additives. Supramolecular copolymerizations offer attractive options to introduce structural and functional diversity in supramolecular polymer materials.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Iseki
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands .,Material Science Research Laboratory, Kao Corporation Wakayama-shi Wakayama 640-8580 Japan
| | - Mathijs F J Mabesoone
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands .,Institute of Microbiology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Mark A J Koenis
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Brigitte A G Lamers
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Weyandt
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Lafayette N J de Windt
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands.,Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University Toernooiveld 7c 6525 ED Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Anja R A Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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202
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Pibuel MA, Poodts D, Díaz M, Molinari YA, Franco PG, Hajos SE, Lompardía SL. Antitumor effect of 4MU on glioblastoma cells is mediated by senescence induction and CD44, RHAMM and p-ERK modulation. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:280. [PMID: 34628469 PMCID: PMC8502173 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix plays a key role in cancer progression. Hyaluronan, the main glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix, has been related to several tumor processes. Hyaluronan acts through the interaction with cell membrane receptors as CD44 and RHAMM and triggers signaling pathways as MEK/ERK. 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU), a well-known hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor, is a promising alternative for cancer therapy. 4MU is a coumarin derivative without adverse effects that has been studied in several tumors. However, little is known about its use in glioblastoma (GBM), the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Glioblastoma is characterized by fast growth, migration and tissue invasiveness, and a poor median survival of the patients after treatment. Several reports linked glioblastoma progression with HA levels and even with CD44 and RHAMM expression, as well as MEK/ERK activation. Previously, we showed on a murine GBM cell line that HA enhances GBM migration, while 4MU markedly inhibits it. In this work we showed for the first time, that 4MU decreases cell migration and induces senescence in U251 and LN229 human GBM cell lines. Furthermore, we observed that HA promotes GBM cell migration on both cell lines and that such effects depend on CD44 and RHAMM, as well as MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Interestingly, we observed that the exogenous HA failed to counteract the effects of 4MU, indicating that 4MU effects are independent of HA synthesis inhibition. We found that 4MU decreases total CD44 and RHAMM membrane expression, which could explain the effect of 4MU on cell migration. Furthermore, we observed that 4MU increases the levels of RHAMM inside the cell while decreases the nucleus/cytoplasm relation of p-ERK, associated with 4MU effects on cell proliferation and senescence induction. Overall, 4MU should be considered as a promising therapeutic alternative to improve the outcome of patients with GBM.
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Grants
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- UBACYT 20020170100454BA Universidad de Buenos Aires (University of Buenos Aires)
- UBACYT 20020170100454BA Universidad de Buenos Aires (University of Buenos Aires)
- UBACYT 20020170100454BA Universidad de Buenos Aires (University of Buenos Aires)
- UBACYT 20020170100454BA Universidad de Buenos Aires (University of Buenos Aires)
- UBACYT 20020170100454BA Universidad de Buenos Aires (University of Buenos Aires)
- UBACYT 20020170100454BA Universidad de Buenos Aires (University of Buenos Aires)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Arturo Pibuel
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina.
| | - Daniela Poodts
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Mariángeles Díaz
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Yamila Azul Molinari
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB)-CONICET; Departamento de Química Biológica, Cátedra de Química Biológica Patológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Paula Gabriela Franco
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB)-CONICET; Departamento de Química Biológica, Cátedra de Química Biológica Patológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Silvia Elvira Hajos
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Silvina Laura Lompardía
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina
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203
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A nanounit strategy reverses immune suppression of exosomal PD-L1 and is associated with enhanced ferroptosis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5733. [PMID: 34593794 PMCID: PMC8484261 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25990-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to increasing the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), tumor cells can also secrete exosomal PD-L1 to suppress T cell activity. Emerging evidence has revealed that exosomal PD-L1 resists immune checkpoint blockade, and may contribute to resistance to therapy. In this scenario, suppressing the secretion of tumor-derived exosomes may aid therapy. Here, we develop an assembly of exosome inhibitor (GW4869) and ferroptosis inducer (Fe3+) via amphiphilic hyaluronic acid. Cooperation between the two active components in the constructed nanounit induces an anti-tumor immunoresponse to B16F10 melanoma cells and stimulates cytotoxic T lymphocytes and immunological memory. The nanounit enhances the response to PD-L1 checkpoint blockade and may represent a therapeutic strategy for enhancing the response to this therapy.
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204
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Moll CJ, Giubertoni G, van Buren L, Versluis J, Koenderink GH, Bakker HJ. Molecular Structure and Surface Accumulation Dynamics of Hyaluronan at the Water-Air Interface. Macromolecules 2021; 54:8655-8663. [PMID: 34602653 PMCID: PMC8482758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Hyaluronan is a biopolymer
that is essential for many biological
processes in the human body, like the regulation of tissue lubrication
and inflammatory responses. Here, we study the behavior of hyaluronan
at aqueous surfaces using heterodyne-detected vibrational sum-frequency
generation spectroscopy (HD-VSFG). Low-molecular-weight hyaluronan
(∼150 kDa) gradually covers the water–air interface
within hours, leading to a negatively charged surface and a reorientation
of interfacial water molecules. The rate of surface accumulation strongly
increases when the bulk concentration of low-molecular-weight hyaluronan
is increased. In contrast, high-molecular-weight hyaluronan (>1
MDa)
cannot be detected at the surface, even hours after the addition of
the polymer to the aqueous solution. The strong dependence on the
polymer molecular weight can be explained by entanglements of the
hyaluronan polymers. We also find that for low-molecular-weight hyaluronan
the migration kinetics of hyaluronan in aqueous media shows an anomalous
dependence on the pH of the solution, which can be explained from
the interplay of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions of
hyaluronan polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J Moll
- Amolf, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giulia Giubertoni
- Amolf, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lennard van Buren
- Amolf, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Versluis
- Amolf, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gijsje H Koenderink
- Amolf, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Huib J Bakker
- Amolf, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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205
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Rana MM, De la Hoz Siegler H. Tuning the Properties of PNIPAm-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3154. [PMID: 34578055 PMCID: PMC8467289 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) is a three-dimensional (3D) crosslinked polymer that can interact with human cells and play an important role in the development of tissue morphogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. PNIPAm-based scaffolds possess many desirable structural and physical properties required for tissue regeneration, but insufficient mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and biomimicry for tissue development remain obstacles for their application in tissue engineering. The structural integrity and physical properties of the hydrogels depend on the crosslinks formed between polymer chains during synthesis. A variety of design variables including crosslinker content, the combination of natural and synthetic polymers, and solvent type have been explored over the past decade to develop PNIPAm-based scaffolds with optimized properties suitable for tissue engineering applications. These design parameters have been implemented to provide hydrogel scaffolds with dynamic and spatially patterned cues that mimic the biological environment and guide the required cellular functions for cartilage tissue regeneration. The current advances on tuning the properties of PNIPAm-based scaffolds were searched for on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the scaffolding properties of PNIPAm-based hydrogels and the effects of synthesis-solvent and crosslinking density on tuning these properties. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of considering these two design variables for developing PNIPAm-based scaffolds are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mohosin Rana
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Hector De la Hoz Siegler
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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206
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Mehraj U, Ganai RA, Macha MA, Hamid A, Zargar MA, Bhat AA, Nasser MW, Haris M, Batra SK, Alshehri B, Al-Baradie RS, Mir MA, Wani NA. The tumor microenvironment as driver of stemness and therapeutic resistance in breast cancer: New challenges and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:1209-1229. [PMID: 34528143 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00634-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC), the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths, remains a significant threat to the health and wellness of women worldwide. The tumor microenvironment (TME), comprising cellular components, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), immune cells, endothelial cells and adipocytes, and noncellular components such as extracellular matrix (ECM), has been recognized as a critical contributor to the development and progression of BC. The interplay between TME components and cancer cells promotes phenotypic heterogeneity, cell plasticity and cancer cell stemness that impart tumor dormancy, enhanced invasion and metastasis, and the development of therapeutic resistance. While most previous studies have focused on targeting cancer cells with a dismal prognosis, novel therapies targeting stromal components are currently being evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies, and are already showing improved efficacies. As such, they may offer better means to eliminate the disease effectively. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we focus on the evolving concept of the TME as a key player regulating tumor growth, metastasis, stemness, and the development of therapeutic resistance. Despite significant advances over the last decade, several clinical trials focusing on the TME have failed to demonstrate promising effectiveness in cancer patients. To expedite clinical efficacy of TME-directed therapies, a deeper understanding of the TME is of utmost importance. Secondly, the efficacy of TME-directed therapies when used alone or in combination with chemo- or radiotherapy, and the tumor stage needs to be studied. Likewise, identifying molecular signatures and biomarkers indicating the type of TME will help in determining precise TME-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Mehraj
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Rais A Ganai
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science & Technology , Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science & Technology , Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Abid Hamid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India
| | - Mohammed A Zargar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Laboratory of Animal Research, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA.,Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Bader Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Almajmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Raid Saleem Al-Baradie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Almajmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzoor A Mir
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
| | - Nissar Ahmad Wani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India.
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207
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Tonti OR, Larson H, Lipp SN, Luetkemeyer CM, Makam M, Vargas D, Wilcox SM, Calve S. Tissue-specific parameters for the design of ECM-mimetic biomaterials. Acta Biomater 2021; 132:83-102. [PMID: 33878474 PMCID: PMC8434955 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of biomolecules that mechanically and biochemically directs cell behavior and is crucial for maintaining tissue function and health. The heterogeneous organization and composition of the ECM varies within and between tissue types, directing mechanics, aiding in cell-cell communication, and facilitating tissue assembly and reassembly during development, injury and disease. As technologies like 3D printing rapidly advance, researchers are better able to recapitulate in vivo tissue properties in vitro; however, tissue-specific variations in ECM composition and organization are not given enough consideration. This is in part due to a lack of information regarding how the ECM of many tissues varies in both homeostatic and diseased states. To address this gap, we describe the components and organization of the ECM, and provide examples for different tissues at various states of disease. While many aspects of ECM biology remain unknown, our goal is to highlight the complexity of various tissues and inspire engineers to incorporate unique components of the native ECM into in vitro platform design and fabrication. Ultimately, we anticipate that the use of biomaterials that incorporate key tissue-specific ECM will lead to in vitro models that better emulate human pathologies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomaterial development primarily emphasizes the engineering of new materials and therapies at the expense of identifying key parameters of the tissue that is being emulated. This can be partially attributed to the difficulty in defining the 3D composition, organization, and mechanics of the ECM within different tissues and how these material properties vary as a function of homeostasis and disease. In this review, we highlight a range of tissues throughout the body and describe how ECM content, cell diversity, and mechanical properties change in diseased tissues and influence cellular behavior. Accurately mimicking the tissue of interest in vitro by using ECM specific to the appropriate state of homeostasis or pathology in vivo will yield results more translatable to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R Tonti
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Hannah Larson
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Sarah N Lipp
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Callan M Luetkemeyer
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Megan Makam
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Diego Vargas
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Sean M Wilcox
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Sarah Calve
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States.
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208
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Hypoxia increases KIAA1199/CEMIP expression and enhances cell migration in pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18193. [PMID: 34521918 PMCID: PMC8440617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97752-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterised by dense desmoplasia and hypoxic microenvironment. Our previous reports demonstrated that hyaluronan (HA), especially low-molecular-weight HA, provides a favourable microenvironment for PDAC progression. However, the effect of hypoxia on HA metabolism remains unknown. Using quantitative real-time RT-PCR and western blot analysis, we analysed the changes in the expression of HA-synthesizing enzymes (HAS2 and HAS3) and HA-degrading enzymes (HYAL1, KIAA1199/CEMIP) in PDAC cell lines under hypoxic conditions. Hypoxia increased the mRNA and protein expression of KIAA1199, whereas it decreased HYAL1 expression. The expression of HAS3 was increased and HAS2 remained unchanged in response to hypoxia. The effect of KIAA1199 on hypoxia-induced cell migration was determined using a transwell migration assay and small-interfering RNA (siRNA). Hypoxia enhanced the migratory ability of PDAC cells, which was inhibited by KIAA1199 knockdown. We also used immunohistochemistry to analyse the protein expression of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1α and KIAA1199 in PDAC tissues. There was a significant immunohistochemically positive correlation between KIAA1199 and HIF1α. These findings suggest that hypoxia-induced KIAA1199 expression may contribute to enhanced motility in PDAC.
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209
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Feng P, Qiu H, Luo Y, Hu J, Cao Y, Pang Q, Mou X, Hou R, Hou W, Zhu Y. Development of Poloxamer Hydrogels Containing Antibacterial Guanidine-Based Polymers for Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Wound. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:4557-4568. [PMID: 34423628 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of hydrogels containing guanidine-based polymers using a poloxamer as the matrix were prepared to provide novel wound dressings with antibacterial and repairing-promotion properties for skin wounds. Herein, we developed a series of antibacterial hydrogels, the cationic guanidine-based polymer polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG) with poloxamer aqueous solution (12%, w/w) simplified as PHMGP, chitosan (CS)-cross-linked PHMG (referred to as PHMC) with poloxamer aqueous solution simplified as PHMCP, and hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified PHMG (referred to as PHMH) with poloxamer aqueous solution simplified as PHMHP, for enhancing full-thickness skin wound healing. The characterizations, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and in vivo full-thickness wound-healing capability of these hydrogels were analyzed and evaluated. The results show that though PHMGP possesses great bactericide properties, its cytotoxicity is too strong to support skin regeneration. However, after modified with CS or HA, PHMCP and PHMHP showed good biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that are commonly present in injured skin. Both PHMCP and PHMHP hydrogels exhibited upgraded wound-healing efficiency in full-thickness skin defects, characterized by a shorter wound closure time, faster re-regeneration, and the earlier formation of skin appendages, compared with those of control or pure poloxamer treatments. Their biological mechanism was detected. Both PHMCP and PHMHP can regulate the related biofactors during the skin repair process such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor beta-1(TGF-β1), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and vascular endothelial growth factor, to promote wound healing with less serious scarring. In short, hydrogels with excellent capabilities to inhibit microorganism infection and promote wound healing were developed, which will shed light on designing and producing wound dressings with promising applications in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Feng
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Haofeng Qiu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Yang Luo
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Jiaying Hu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Yuhao Cao
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Qian Pang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Xianbo Mou
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Ruixia Hou
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Wenjia Hou
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Yabin Zhu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
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210
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Morosi L, Meroni M, Ubezio P, Fuso Nerini I, Minoli L, Porcu L, Panini N, Colombo M, Blouw B, Kang DW, Davoli E, Zucchetti M, D'Incalci M, Frapolli R. PEGylated recombinant human hyaluronidase (PEGPH20) pre-treatment improves intra-tumour distribution and efficacy of paclitaxel in preclinical models. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:286. [PMID: 34507591 PMCID: PMC8434701 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scarce drug penetration in solid tumours is one of the possible causes of the limited efficacy of chemotherapy and is related to the altered tumour microenvironment. The abnormal tumour extracellular matrix (ECM) together with abnormal blood and lymphatic vessels, reactive stroma and inflammation all affect the uptake, distribution and efficacy of anticancer drugs. METHODS We investigated the effect of PEGylated recombinant human hyaluronidase PH20 (PEGPH20) pre-treatment in degrading hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid; HA), one of the main components of the ECM, to improve the delivery of antitumor drugs and increase their therapeutic efficacy. The antitumor activity of paclitaxel (PTX) in HA synthase 3-overexpressing and wild-type SKOV3 ovarian cancer model and in the BxPC3 pancreas xenograft tumour model, was evaluated by monitoring tumour growth with or without PEGPH20 pre-treatment. Pharmacokinetics and tumour penetration of PTX were assessed by HPLC and mass spectrometry imaging analysis in the same tumour models. Tumour tissue architecture and HA deposition were analysed by histochemistry. RESULTS Pre-treatment with PEGPH20 modified tumour tissue architecture and improved the antitumor activity of paclitaxel in the SKOV3/HAS3 tumour model, favouring its accumulation and more homogeneous intra-tumour distribution, as assessed by quantitative and qualitative analysis. PEGPH20 also reduced HA content influencing, though less markedly, PTX distribution and antitumor activity in the BxPC3 tumour model. CONCLUSION Remodelling the stroma of HA-rich tumours by depletion of HA with PEGPH20 pre-treatment, is a potentially successful strategy to improve the intra-tumour distribution of anticancer drugs, increasing their therapeutic efficacy, without increasing toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Morosi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.,Present address: IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Meroni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ubezio
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Fuso Nerini
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.,Present address: IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Minoli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy.,Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory (MAPLab), Fondazione UniMi, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Porcu
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicolò Panini
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Marika Colombo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | | | - David W Kang
- Halozyme Therapeutics, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.,Present address: IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Present address: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.
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211
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Cai Z, Tang Y, Wei Y, Wang P, Zhang H. Physically Cross-Linked Hyaluronan-Based Ultrasoft Cryogel Prepared by Freeze-Thaw Technique as a Barrier for Prevention of Postoperative Adhesions. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4967-4979. [PMID: 34499463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Postsurgical peritoneal adhesions are a common and serious postoperative complication after various peritoneal surgeries, such as pelvic and abdominal surgery. Various studies have shown that peritoneal adhesions can be minimized or prevented by physical anti-adhesion barriers, including membranes, knits, and hydrogels. Hydrogels have attracted great attention in preventing peritoneal adhesions because the dimensional architecture of hydrogels is similar to that of the native extracellular matrix. However, chemical cross-linkers had to be used in the preparation of chemical hydrogels, which may have problems in cytotoxicity or unwanted side effects. This fact prompts us to create alternative cross-linking methods for the development of biocompatible hydrogels as physical barriers. Herein, we report a physically cross-linked flexible hyaluronan (HA) cryogel prepared via a freeze-thaw technique as a novel anti-adhesion biomaterial for completely preventing postsurgical peritoneal adhesions. In vitro studies demonstrated that this physically cross-linked HA cryogel exhibited excellent biocompatibility, the inherently desirable biocompatibility and functionality of HA being integrally retained as much as possible. Intriguingly, the rheological properties and appropriate biodegradability of the cryogels were readily tailored and tunable by way of the gelation process. In vivo assessments suggested that the cryogel, as a physical barrier, satisfactorily prevented fibroblast penetration and attachment between the injured tissues and nearby normal organs. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism studies revealed that the HA cryogel could prevent peritoneal adhesion by inhibiting inflammatory response and modulation of the fibrinolytic system. Our results show that HA ultrasoft cryogel is a promising clinical candidate for prolonged adhesion prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Cai
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yanmei Tang
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P. R. China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, P. R. China.,National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, P. R. China
| | - Yue Wei
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Pengguang Wang
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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212
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Wang N, Gao Q, Tang J, Jiang Y, Yang L, Shi X, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Fu S, Lin S. Anti-tumor effect of local injectable hydrogel-loaded endostatin alone and in combination with radiotherapy for lung cancer. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:183-194. [PMID: 33427520 PMCID: PMC7808389 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1869864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Endostatin (ES) can effectively inhibit neovascularization in most solid tumors and has the potential to make oxygen delivery more efficient and increase the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT). With a short half-life, ES is mainly administered systemically, which leads to low intake in tumor tissue and often toxic systemic side effects. In this study, we used hyaluronic acid-tyramine as a carrier to synthesize an ES-loaded hydrogel drug (ES/HA-Tyr) that can be injected locally. ES/HA-Tyr has a longer half-life and fewer systemic toxic side effects, and it exerts a better anti-angiogenic effect and anti-tumor effect with RT. In vitro, ES/HA-Tyr showed sustained release in the release assay and a stronger ability to inhibit the proliferation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the MTT assay; it exhibited a more potent effect against HUVEC invasion and a stronger anti-angiogenic effect on HUVECs in tube formation. In vivo, ES/HA-Tyr increased local drug concentration, decreased blood drug concentration, and caused less systemic toxicity. Further, ES/HA-Tyr effectively reduced tumor microvessel density, increased tumor pericyte coverage, decreased tumor hypoxia, and increased RT response. ES/HA-Tyr + RT also had increased anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects in Lewis lung cancer (LLC) xenograft models. In conclusion, ES/HA-Tyr showed sustained release, lower systemic toxicity, and better anti-tumor effects than ES. In addition, ES/HA-Tyr + RT enhanced anti-angiogenic effects, reduced tumor hypoxia, and increased the efficacy of RT in LLC-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Qin Gao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Juan Tang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - YiQing Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - LiShi Yang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - XiangXiang Shi
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - ShaoZhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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213
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Saha I, Rai VK. Hyaluronic acid based microneedle array: Recent applications in drug delivery and cosmetology. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118168. [PMID: 34119141 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Microneedles are micron-sized arrays of needles that facilitate drug delivery for local and systemic effects. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan and is an indigenous component of the connective tissues and dermis. Owing to its versatility and biocompatibility, it has widely been used against various bone, eye, and skin disorders. Therefore, fabricating HA-microneedles is fetching massive global attention. HA based dissolvable microneedles have been immensely explored due to their biodegradable nature. Its degradation residues are very safe. Several attempts have been made to deliver vitamins, proteins, DNAs, and biological macromolecules by HA-microneedles. Here we present the recent advancements in HA-microneedles based application on drug delivery and cosmetology. Its bio-degradation pathways, the receptors on which HA and its derivatives interact, the biological half-lives, and their importance as useful materials for various applications are highlighted. The literature reports identify HA-microneedle as an useful carrier for the delivery of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Vineet Kumar Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India.
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214
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Applications of Functionalized Hydrogels in the Regeneration of the Intervertebral Disc. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:2818624. [PMID: 34458364 PMCID: PMC8397561 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2818624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is caused by genetics, aging, and environmental factors and is one of the leading causes of low back pain. The treatment of IDD presents many challenges. Hydrogels are biomaterials that possess properties similar to those of the natural extracellular matrix and have significant potential in the field of regenerative medicine. Hydrogels with various functional qualities have recently been used to repair and regenerate diseased intervertebral discs. Here, we review the mechanisms of intervertebral disc homeostasis and degeneration and then discuss the applications of hydrogel-mediated repair and intervertebral disc regeneration. The classification of artificial hydrogels and natural hydrogels is then briefly introduced, followed by an update on the development of functional hydrogels, which include noncellular therapeutic hydrogels, cellular therapeutic hydrogel scaffolds, responsive hydrogels, and multifunctional hydrogels. The challenges faced and future developments of the hydrogels used in IDD are discussed as they further promote their clinical translation.
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215
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Yang GF, Zhang X, Su YG, Zhao R, Wang YY. The role of the deubiquitinating enzyme DUB3/USP17 in cancer: a narrative review. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:455. [PMID: 34454495 PMCID: PMC8400843 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between ubiquitination and deubiquitination is critical for the degradation, transport, localization, and activity of proteins. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) greatly contribute to the balance of ubiquitination and deubiquitination, and they have been widely studied due to their fundamental role in cancer. DUB3/ubiquitin-specific protease 17 (USP17) is a type of DUB that has attracted much attention in cancer research. In this review, we summarize the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of USP17 in central nervous system, head and neck, thoracic, breast, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and gynecologic cancers as well as bone and soft tissue sarcomas, and we provide new insights into how USP17 can be used in the management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Fei Yang
- Dept. of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yi-Ge Su
- Graduate School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Ren Zhao
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.,Cancer Institute, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yan-Yang Wang
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China. .,Cancer Institute, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
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216
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Immunomodulatory Arming Factors-The Current Paradigm for Oncolytic Vectors Relies on Immune Stimulating Molecules. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169051. [PMID: 34445759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The dogma of engineering oncolytic viral vectors has shifted from emphasizing the viral lysis of individual cancer cells to the recruitment and coordination of the adaptive immune system to clear the tumor. To accomplish this, researchers have been adding several classes of transgenes to their preferred viral platforms. The most prevalent of these include antibodies and targeting moieties, interleukins and cytokines, and genes which rely on small molecule co-administration for tumor killing. Most current vectors rely exclusively on one of these types of transgenes to elicit the desired immune response to clear tumors, but are not mutually exclusive, with several larger OVs armed with several of these factors. The common theme of emerging armed vectors is to simply initiate or enhance infiltration of effector CD8+ T cells to clear the tumor locally at OV infection sites, and systemically throughout the body where the OV has not infected tumor cells. The precision of oncolytic vectors to target a cell type or tissue remains its key advantage over small-molecule drugs. Unlike chemo- and other drug therapies, viral vectors can be made to specifically infect and grow within tumor cells. This ensures localized expression of the therapeutic transgene to the diseased tissue, thereby limiting systemic toxicity. This review will examine the immunomodulating transgenes of current OVs, describe their general effect on the immune system, and provide the rationale for each vector's use in clearing its targeted tumor.
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217
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Chen H, Hossain MA, Kim JH, Cho JY. Kahweol Exerts Skin Moisturizing Activities by Upregulating STAT1 Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8864. [PMID: 34445570 PMCID: PMC8396203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kahweol is a diterpene present in coffee. Until now, several studies have shown that kahweol has anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic functions. Due to the limited research available about skin protection, this study aims to discern the potential abilities of kahweol and the possible regulation targets. First, the cytotoxicity of kahweol was checked by 3-4-5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, while 2,20-azino-bis (3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt and 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl were used to examine the radical scavenging ability. Polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to explore the proper time points and doses affecting skin hydration and barrier-related genes. Luciferase assay and Western blotting were used to explore the possible transcription factors. Finally, fludarabine (a STAT1 inhibitor) was chosen to discern the relationship between skin-moisturizing factors and STAT1. We found that HaCaT cells experienced no toxicity from kahweol, and kahweol displayed moderate radical scavenging ability. Moreover, kahweol increased the outcome of HAS1, HAS2, occludin, and TGM-1 from six hours in a dose-dependent manner as well as the activation of STAT1 from six hours. Additionally, kahweol recovered the suppression of HAS2, STAT1-mediated luciferase activity, and HA secretion, which was all downregulated by fludarabine. In this study, we demonstrated that kahweol promotes skin-moisturizing activities by upregulating STAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxi Chen
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
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218
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Hwang C, Lee SY, Kim HJ, Lee K, Lee J, Kim DD, Cho HJ. Polypseudorotaxane and polydopamine linkage-based hyaluronic acid hydrogel network with a single syringe injection for sustained drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 266:118104. [PMID: 34044922 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polypseudorotaxane structure and polydopamine bond-based crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels including donepezil-loaded microspheres were developed for subcutaneous injection. Both dopamine and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were covalently bonded to the HA polymer for catechol polymerization and inclusion complexation with alpha-cyclodextrin (α-CD), respectively. A PEG chain of HA-dopamine-PEG (HD-PEG) conjugate was threaded with α-CD to make a polypseudorotaxane structure and its pH was adjusted to 8.5 for dopamine polymerization. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/donepezil microsphere (PDM) was embedded into the HD-PEG network for its sustained release. The HD-PEG/α-CD/PDM 8.5 hydrogel system exhibited an immediate gelation pattern, injectability through single syringe, self-healing ability, and shear-thinning behavior. Donepezil was released from the HD-PEG/α-CD/PDM 8.5 hydrogel in a sustained pattern. Following subcutaneous injection, the weight of excised HD-PEG/α-CD/PDM 8.5 hydrogel was higher than the other groups on day 14. These findings support the clinical feasibility of the HD-PEG/α-CD/PDM 8.5 hydrogel for subcutaneous injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChaeRim Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yi Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea; Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - KangJu Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA; Department of Healthcare and Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Junmin Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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219
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Johnson LA, Jackson DG. Hyaluronan and Its Receptors: Key Mediators of Immune Cell Entry and Trafficking in the Lymphatic System. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082061. [PMID: 34440831 PMCID: PMC8393520 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Entry to the afferent lymphatics marks the first committed step for immune cell migration from tissues to draining lymph nodes both for the generation of immune responses and for timely resolution of tissue inflammation. This critical process occurs primarily at specialised discontinuous junctions in initial lymphatic capillaries, directed by chemokines released from lymphatic endothelium and orchestrated by adhesion between lymphatic receptors and their immune cell ligands. Prominent amongst the latter is the large glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) that can form a bulky glycocalyx on the surface of certain tissue-migrating leucocytes and whose engagement with its key lymphatic receptor LYVE-1 mediates docking and entry of dendritic cells to afferent lymphatics. Here we outline the latest insights into the molecular mechanisms by which the HA glycocalyx together with LYVE-1 and the related leucocyte receptor CD44 co-operate in immune cell entry, and how the process is facilitated by the unusual character of LYVE-1 • HA-binding interactions. In addition, we describe how pro-inflammatory breakdown products of HA may also contribute to lymphatic entry by transducing signals through LYVE-1 for lymphangiogenesis and increased junctional permeability. Lastly, we outline some future perspectives and highlight the LYVE-1 • HA axis as a potential target for immunotherapy.
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220
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Inci I. Preparation and characterization of decellularized rooster comb as a scaffold for tissue engineering applications. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101614. [PMID: 34390891 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Decellularization is a method that has been widely used in tissue engineering especially in the last 20 years. In this study decellularized rooster comb was prepared and characterized for using it as a tissue scaffold. Treatment of tissues with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Triton X-100 as two decellularization procedures in different time points were compared according to different parameters such as cytocompatibility, cell removal, preservation of extracellular matrix (ECM), and mechanical properties to find the optimum technique. Even though there was no difference regarding to efficiency on cell removal, SDS demonstrated better results on protection of tissue morphology in comparison with Triton X-100. Therefore, in general the samples treated with SDS showed higher levels of mechanical properties and cytocompatibility in comparison with Triton X-100 applied tissues. In the cuisines of many countries, rooster comb is discarded as a waste material however, in this study it was demonstrated that decellularized rooster comb could be utilized as a cheap, easily obtainable, and biocompatible scaffold. In conclusion, it was revealed that decellularized rooster comb is a promising biomaterial for using as scaffold and it is expected to be utilized for the further studies in particular on skin tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilyas Inci
- Izmir Democracy University, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Dentistry Services, Dental Prosthetics Technology, Izmir 35140, Turkey.
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221
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Hasan N, Cao J, Lee J, Kim H, Yoo JW. Development of clindamycin-loaded alginate/pectin/hyaluronic acid composite hydrogel film for the treatment of MRSA-infected wounds. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-021-00541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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222
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Chang CY, Johnson HC, Babb O, Fishel ML, Lin CC. Biomimetic stiffening of cell-laden hydrogels via sequential thiol-ene and hydrazone click reactions. Acta Biomater 2021; 130:161-171. [PMID: 34087443 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels with dynamically tunable crosslinking are invaluable for directing stem cell fate and mimicking a stiffening matrix during fibrosis or tumor development. The increases in matrix stiffness during tissue development are often accompanied by the accumulation of extracellular matrices (e.g., collagen, hyaluronic acid (HA)), a phenomenon that has received little attention in the development of dynamic hydrogels. In this contribution, we present a gelatin-based cell-laden hydrogel system capable of being dynamically stiffened while accumulating HA, a key glycosaminoglycans (GAG) increasingly deposited by stromal cells during tumor progression. Central to this strategy is the synthesis of a dually-modified gelatin macromer - gelatin-norbornene-carbohydrazide (GelNB-CH), which is susceptible to both thiol-norbornene photopolymerization and hydrazone click chemistry. We demonstrate that the crosslinking density of cell-laden thiol-norbornene hydrogels can be dynamically tuned via simple incubation with aldehyde-bearing macromers (e.g., oxidized dextran (oDex) or oHA). The GelNB-CH hydrogel system is highly cytocompatible, as demonstrated by in situ encapsulation of pancreatic cancer cells (PCC) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). This unique dynamic stiffening scheme provides a platform to study tandem accumulation of HA and elevation in matrix stiffness in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hydrogels permitting on-demand and secondary crosslinking are ideal for mimicking a stiffening tumor microenvironment (TME). However, none of the current dynamic hydrogels account for both stiffening and accumulation of hyaluronic acid (HA), a major extracellular matrix component increasingly deposited in tumor stromal tissues, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The current work addresses this gap by developing a dynamic hydrogel system capable of simultaneously increasing stiffness and HA accumulation. This is achieved by a new gelatin macromer permitting sequential thiol-norbornene (for primary network crosslinking) and hydrazone click chemistry (for bioinert or biomimetic stiffening with oxidized dextran (oDex) or oHA, respectively). The results of this study provide new insights into how dynamically changing physicochemical matrix properties guide cancer cell fate processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yi Chang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hunter C Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering & Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Olivia Babb
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Melissa L Fishel
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chien-Chi Lin
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering & Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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223
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Xu J, Shamul JG, Staten NA, White AM, Jiang B, He X. Bioinspired 3D Culture in Nanoliter Hyaluronic Acid-Rich Core-Shell Hydrogel Microcapsules Isolates Highly Pluripotent Human iPSCs. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2102219. [PMID: 34260817 PMCID: PMC8376787 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are ideal for developing personalized medicine. However, the spontaneous differentiation of human iPSCs under conventional 2D and 3D cultures results in significant heterogeneity and compromised quality. Therefore, a method for effectively isolating and expanding high-quality human iPSCs is critically needed. Here, a biomimetic microencapsulation approach for isolating and culturing high-quality human iPSCs is reported. This is inspired by the natural proliferation and development of blastomeres into early blastocyst where the early embryonic stem cells-containing core is enclosed in a semipermeable hydrogel shell known as the zona pellucida (Zona). Blastomere cluster-like human iPSC clusters are encapsulated in a miniaturized (≈10 nanoliter) hyaluronic acid (HA)-rich core of microcapsules with a semipermeable Zona-like hydrogel shell and subsequently cultured to form pluripotent human iPSC spheroids with significantly improved quality. This is indicated by their high expression of pluripotency markers and highly efficient 3D cardiac differentiation. In particular, HA is found to be crucial for isolating the high-quality human iPSCs with the biomimetic core-shell microencapsulation culture. Interestingly, the isolated human iPSCs can maintain high pluripotency even after being cultured again in 2D. These discoveries and the bioinspired culture method may be valuable to facilitate the human iPSC-based personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangsheng Xu
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - James G Shamul
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Nicholas A Staten
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Alisa M White
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Bin Jiang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Xiaoming He
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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224
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Gou Y, Huang G, Li J, Yang F, Liang H. Versatile delivery systems for non-platinum metal-based anticancer therapeutic agents. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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225
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Heydari P, Kharaziha M, Varshosaz J, Javanmard SH. Current knowledge of immunomodulation strategies for chronic skin wound repair. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:265-288. [PMID: 34318595 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In orchestrating the wound healing process, the immune system plays a critical role. Hence, controlling the immune system to repair skin defects is an attractive approach. The highly complex immune system includes the coordinated actions of several immune cells, which can produce various inflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines and affect the healing of skin wounds. This process can be optimized using biomaterials, bioactive molecules, and cell delivery. The present review discusses various immunomodulation strategies for supporting the healing of chronic wounds. In this regard, following the evolution of the immune system and its role in the wound healing mechanism, the interaction between the extracellular mechanism and immune cells for acceleration wound healing will be firstly investigated. Consequently, the immune-based chronic wounds will be briefly examined and the mechanism of progression, and conventional methods of their treatment are evaluated. In the following, various biomaterials-based immunomodulation strategies are introduced to stimulate and control the immune system to treat and regenerate skin defects. Other effective methods of controlling the immune system in wound healing which is the release of bioactive agents (such as antiinflammatory, antigens, and immunomodulators) and stem cell therapy at the site of injury are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Heydari
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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226
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Alderfer L, Russo E, Archilla A, Coe B, Hanjaya-Putra D. Matrix stiffness primes lymphatic tube formation directed by vascular endothelial growth factor-C. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21498. [PMID: 33774872 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002426rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the lymphatic system is associated with a wide range of disease phenotypes. The restoration of dysfunctional lymphatic vessels has been hypothesized as an innovative method to rescue healthy phenotypes in diseased states including neurological conditions, metabolic syndromes, and cardiovascular disease. Compared to the vascular system, little is known about the molecular regulation that controls lymphatic tube morphogenesis. Using synthetic hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels as a chemically and mechanically tunable system to preserve lymphatic endothelial cell (LECs) phenotypes, we demonstrate that low matrix elasticity primes lymphatic cord-like structure (CLS) formation directed by a high concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C). Decreasing the substrate stiffness results in the upregulation of key lymphatic markers, including PROX-1, lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1), and VEGFR-3. Consequently, higher levels of VEGFR-3 enable stimulation of LECs with VEGF-C which is required to both activate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and facilitate LEC migration. Both of these steps are critical in establishing CLS formation in vitro. With decreases in substrate elasticity, we observe increased MMP expression and increased cellular elongation, as well as formation of intracellular vacuoles, which can further merge into coalescent vacuoles. RNAi studies demonstrate that MMP-14 is required to enable CLS formation and that LECs sense matrix stiffness through YAP/TAZ mechanosensors leading to the activation of their downstream target genes. Collectively, we show that by tuning both the matrix stiffness and VEGF-C concentration, the signaling pathways of CLS formation can be regulated in a synthetic matrix, resulting in lymphatic networks which will be useful for the study of lymphatic biology and future approaches in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Alderfer
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Elizabeth Russo
- Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Adriana Archilla
- Notre Dame Nanoscience and Technology (NDnano), University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Brian Coe
- Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Donny Hanjaya-Putra
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,Notre Dame Nanoscience and Technology (NDnano), University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
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227
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Wu ZL, Ertelt JM. Assays for hyaluronidases and heparanase using nonreducing end fluorophore-labeled hyaluronan and heparan sulfate proteoglycan. Glycobiology 2021; 31:1435-1443. [PMID: 34280262 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), such as hyaluronan (HA) and heparan sulfate (HS), are a large group of polysaccharides found in the extracellular matrix and on the cell surface. The turnover of these molecules is controlled by de novo synthesis and catabolism through specific endoglycosidases, which are the keys to our understanding of the homeostasis of GAGs and could hold opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Herein, we describe assays for endoglycosidases using nonreducing end fluorophore-labeled GAGs, in which GAGs were labeled via incorporation of GlcNAz by specific synthases and cycloaddition of alkyne fluorophores and then digested with corresponding endoglycosidases. Assays of various HA-specific hyaluronidases (HYALs), including PH-20 or SPAM1, and HS-specific heparanase (HPSE) are presented. We demonstrated the distinctive pH profiles, substrate specificities and specific activities of these enzymes and provided evidence that both HYAL3 and HYAL4 are authentic hyaluronidases. In addition, while all HYALs are active on high-molecular-weight HA, they are active on low-molecular-weight HA. Subsequently, we defined a new way of measuring the activities of HYALs. Our results indicate that the activities of HYALs must be under strict pH regulation. Our quantitative methods of measuring the activity GAG endoglycosidases could bring the opportunity of designing novel therapeutics by targeting these important enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengliang L Wu
- Bio-techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - James M Ertelt
- Bio-techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
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228
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Wang Y, Gao W. A label-free and sensitive fluorescence assay for hyaluronidase activity through electrostatic-controlled quantum dots self-assembly. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/17475198211018973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A label-free fluorescence assay for hyaluronidase (HAase) activity based on self-assembly of quantum dots is developed. A cationic polymer (polycation) can induce aggregation of the negatively charged quantum dots through electrostatic interactions and the fluorescence of the quantum dots is quenched. When the polycation is mixed with hyaluronic acid (HA), intense binding of HA to the polycation makes the quantum dots free and recovery of the fluorescence of the quantum dots is observed. However, in the presence of HAase, HA is hydrolyzed into small fragments and the polycation induces reaggregation of the quantum dots. A simple and rapid fluorescence sensor with high sensitivity and selectivity for HAase activity detection is therefore successfully established with a detection limit of 0.01 U/mL. Moreover, we have demonstrated an assay that can be applied to detect HAase activity in a complex mixture sample including 1% human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, People’s Republic of China
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229
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Ito K, Nishida Y, Ikuta K, Urakawa H, Koike H, Sakai T, Zhang J, Shimoyama Y, Imagama S. Overexpression of KIAA1199, a novel strong hyaluronidase, is a poor prognostic factor in patients with osteosarcoma. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:439. [PMID: 34233709 PMCID: PMC8262042 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02590-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hyaluronan (HA) has been shown to play important roles in the growth, invasion, and metastasis of malignant tumors. KIAA1199, which has potent HA-degrading activity, has been reported to be expressed in various malignancies and associated with patient prognosis. However, there are no reports on the expression of KIAA1199 in osteosarcoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of KIAA1199 and HA expression in osteosarcoma tissues on the prognosis and other clinical characteristics of osteosarcoma patients. Methods From 2003 to 2013, we included 49 patients with osteosarcoma at our institution, whose FFPE (formalin fixed paraffin embedded) tissue was available at the time of biopsy. The expressions of KIAA1199 and HA in each sample were assessed by immunohistochemistry using the primary antibody for KIAA1199 and HA-binding protein (HABP), respectively. For evaluation of the positivity of KIAA1199 staining, we divided the samples into two groups: High group with more than 75% positive staining and Low group with less than 75% positive staining. In the HABP staining, those with more than and less than 60% were assigned to a High group, and Low group respectively. Various clinical features were correlated with staining positivity. Prognostic factors including positivity of the staining were analyzed. Levels of mRNA expression for enzymes related to HA metabolism were assessed in two osteosarcoma cell lines using real-time RT-PCR. Results In KIAA1199 staining, high positivity was significantly correlated with occurrence of distant metastases (P = 0.002). The necrosis rate after preoperative chemotherapy was significantly lower in the High positivity group (59%), compared to that in the Low group (84.8%) (P = 0.003). HABP positivity was not correlated with any demographic variables, although the Low positivity group had a significantly better overall survival than the High group with KIAA1199 and HABP staining (P = 0.026 and P = 0.029, respectively). In multivariable analysis, KIAA1199 (P = 0.036) and HABP staining (P = 0.002), location (P = 0.001), and distant metastasis at initial diagnosis (P < 0.001) were identified as significant prognostic factors. KIAA1199 and hyaluronan synthase mRNA were expressed at different levels in the two osteosarcoma cell lines. Conclusions Our results showed that high expression of KIAA1199 and HA are both poor prognostic factors in osteosarcoma. KIAA1199 may be a useful marker for distant metastasis and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Ito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan. .,Department of Rehabilitation, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Kunihiro Ikuta
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Urakawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Koike
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Sakai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Jiarui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshie Shimoyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
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230
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Cheng D, Ji Y, Wang B, Wang Y, Tang Y, Fu Y, Xu Y, Qian X, Zhu W. Dual-responsive nanohybrid based on degradable silica-coated gold nanorods for triple-combination therapy for breast cancer. Acta Biomater 2021; 128:435-446. [PMID: 33862284 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Multi-modal combination therapy has attracted great attention, owing to the unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy of conventional chemotherapy. Mesoporous silica-coated gold nanorods possess great potential in photothermal therapy and drug delivery. In this work, we fabricate a dual-responsive nanohybrid for combination treatment of the malignant tumor. In this system, gold nanorods are coated with the degradable mesoporous silica, and the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer (IR820) are co-loaded inside the pores of the silica. The encapsulation of hyaluronic acid (HA) endow the nanohybrids with mammary carcinoma targeting ability and better biocompatibility, owning to CD44+ receptor overexpressed in some cancer cells. As-prepared nanohybrids exhibit high responsiveness to a high glutathione (GSH) level and degrade rapidly in the presence of hyaluronidase (HAase) and GSH after endocytosis by 4T1 cells, allowing the efficient release of loaded DOX and IR 820 in tumor sites. Interestingly, near-infrared (NIR) laser not only triggers the generation of reactive oxygen species, but also remarkable photothermal efficacy originating from GNRs. Therefore, upon the irradiation of 808 nm NIR light, the combinatorial photodynamic, photothermal and chemotherapy is achieved, accordingly leading to a highly efficient antitumor outcome in vitro and in vivo. This strategy provides an ideal approach to constructing multimodal cancer therapy system. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: • Dual-responsive nanohybrids for combinatorial therapy of breast cancer. • The nanohybrids exhibit both HAase and GSH stimuli-responsive behavior. • The nanohybrids exhibit light-activated PDT/PTT/chemotherapy. • The nanohybrids show good biosafety for potential clinical application.
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231
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Unfer V, Tilotta M, Kaya C, Noventa M, Török P, Alkatout I, Gitas G, Bilotta G, Laganà AS. Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of hyaluronic acid during pregnancy: a matter of molecular weight. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2021; 17:823-840. [PMID: 33999749 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2021.1931682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For many years hyaluronic acid (HA) was mainly used for its hydrating properties. However, new applications have recently arisen, considering the biological properties of HA and its molecular weight. Clinical application of low molecular weight HA (LMW-HA) initially was supported by specific absorption data. The identification of high molecular weight HA (HMW-HA) absorption pathways and the knowledge of its physiological role allowed to evaluate its clinical application. Based on the immunomodulatory properties of HMW-HA and its physiological involvement as signaling molecule, pregnancy represents an interesting context of application. AREA COVERED This expert opinion includes in-vitro, in-vivo, ex-vivo and clinical studies on gestational models. It provides an overview of the physiological and the therapeutic role of HMW-HA in pregnancy starting from its metabolism. Indeed, HMW-HA is widely involved in several physiological processes as implantation, immune response, uterine quiescence and cervical remodeling, and therefore is an essential molecule for a successful pregnancy. EXPERT OPINION Available evidence suggests that HMW-HA administration can support physiological pregnancy, favoring blastocyst adhesion and development, preventing miscarriage and pre-term birth. For this reason, supplementation in pregnancy should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cihan Kaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Marco Noventa
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Péter Török
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ibrahim Alkatout
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Georgios Gitas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Filippo Del Ponte" Hospital,University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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232
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Hyaluronan and the Fascial Frontier. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136845. [PMID: 34202183 PMCID: PMC8269293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The buzz about hyaluronan (HA) is real. Whether found in face cream to increase water volume loss and viscoelasticity or injected into the knee to restore the properties of synovial fluid, the impact of HA can be recognized in many disciplines from dermatology to orthopedics. HA is the most abundant polysaccharide of the extracellular matrix of connective tissues. HA can impact cell behavior in specific ways by binding cellular HA receptors, which can influence signals that facilitate cell survival, proliferation, adhesion, as well as migration. Characteristics of HA, such as its abundance in a variety of tissues and its responsiveness to chemical, mechanical and hormonal modifications, has made HA an attractive molecule for a wide range of applications. Despite being discovered over 80 years ago, its properties within the world of fascia have only recently received attention. Our fascial system penetrates and envelopes all organs, muscles, bones and nerve fibers, providing the body with a functional structure and an environment that enables all bodily systems to operate in an integrated manner. Recognized interactions between cells and their HA-rich extracellular microenvironment support the importance of studying the relationship between HA and the body’s fascial system. From fasciacytes to chronic pain, this review aims to highlight the connections between HA and fascial health.
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Affo S, Nair A, Brundu F, Ravichandra A, Bhattacharjee S, Matsuda M, Chin L, Filliol A, Wen W, Song X, Decker A, Worley J, Caviglia JM, Yu L, Yin D, Saito Y, Savage T, Wells RG, Mack M, Zender L, Arpaia N, Remotti HE, Rabadan R, Sims P, Leblond AL, Weber A, Riener MO, Stockwell BR, Gaublomme J, Llovet JM, Kalluri R, Michalopoulos GK, Seki E, Sia D, Chen X, Califano A, Schwabe RF. Promotion of cholangiocarcinoma growth by diverse cancer-associated fibroblast subpopulations. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:866-882.e11. [PMID: 33930309 PMCID: PMC8241235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are a poorly characterized cell population in the context of liver cancer. Our study investigates CAF functions in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), a highly desmoplastic liver tumor. Genetic tracing, single-cell RNA sequencing, and ligand-receptor analyses uncovered hepatic stellate cells (HSC) as the main source of CAF and HSC-derived CAF as the dominant population interacting with tumor cells. In mice, CAF promotes ICC progression, as revealed by HSC-selective CAF depletion. In patients, a high panCAF signature is associated with decreased survival and increased recurrence. Single-cell RNA sequencing segregates CAF into inflammatory and growth factor-enriched (iCAF) and myofibroblastic (myCAF) subpopulations, displaying distinct ligand-receptor interactions. myCAF-expressed hyaluronan synthase 2, but not type I collagen, promotes ICC. iCAF-expressed hepatocyte growth factor enhances ICC growth via tumor-expressed MET, thus directly linking CAF to tumor cells. In summary, our data demonstrate promotion of desmoplastic ICC growth by therapeutically targetable CAF subtype-specific mediators, but not by type I collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Affo
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ajay Nair
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Francesco Brundu
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | | | - Michitaka Matsuda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - LiKang Chin
- Department of Medicine, Penn Physical Sciences in Oncology Center PSOC@Penn, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aveline Filliol
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wen Wen
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xinhua Song
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Aubrianna Decker
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jeremy Worley
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Lexing Yu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Deqi Yin
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yoshinobu Saito
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Thomas Savage
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rebecca G Wells
- Department of Medicine, Penn Physical Sciences in Oncology Center PSOC@Penn, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthias Mack
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lars Zender
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; German Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; iFIT Cluster of Excellence EXC 2180, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Nicholas Arpaia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Helen E Remotti
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Raul Rabadan
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Peter Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anne-Laure Leblond
- Department for Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Zürich University Hospital, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Achim Weber
- Department for Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Zürich University Hospital, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marc-Oliver Riener
- Department for Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Zürich University Hospital, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jellert Gaublomme
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Josep M Llovet
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Divisions of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Ekihiro Seki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Daniela Sia
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Divisions of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Andrea Califano
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Robert F Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Pang X, Li W, Chang L, Gautrot JE, Wang W, Azevedo HS. Hyaluronan (HA) Immobilized on Surfaces via Self-Assembled Monolayers of HA-Binding Peptide Modulates Endothelial Cell Spreading and Migration through Focal Adhesion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:25792-25804. [PMID: 34037376 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) modulates a multitude of cell functions, and this regulation is provided by key ECM components forming a complex network. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an abundant component of the ECM that binds to proteins and influences various activities of endothelial cells (ECs). Although the effect of soluble HA on cell spreading has been studied, the impact of peptide-bound HA has not yet been investigated in great detail. We aim to comprehensively study the roles of immobilized HA on the regulation of EC behavior compared to the more conventional use of soluble HA. A 2D model surface formed by self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of a HA-binding peptide (Pep-1) is used as an anchor for HA immobilization. Mixed SAMs, consisting of thiolated Pep-1 and 1-octanethiol, are prepared and characterized by using ellipsometry and contact angle measurement. Full density Pep-1 SAMs are more hydrophilic and bind more HA than mixed SAMs. Cell spreading and migration are enhanced by immobilized low molecular weight (LMW) HA, which also facilitates cell alignment and elongation under laminar flow conditions and potentially drives directional migration. This effect is not mediated by the expression of CD44, and immobilized LMW HA is found to accelerate the assembly of focal adhesions. Such biomimetic surfaces provide new insights into the role of HA in regulating the spreading and phenotype of endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqing Pang
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Weiqi Li
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Lan Chang
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Julien E Gautrot
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Wen Wang
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Helena S Azevedo
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
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235
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Downregulation of Hyaluronic acid-CD44 signaling pathway in cervical cancer cell by natural polyphenols Plumbagin, Pongapin and Karanjin. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3701-3709. [PMID: 34081254 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04195-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA)-CD44 pathway showed association with several malignancies. The natural polyphenols Plumbagin, Pongapin and Karanjin showed anti-cancer activities in different tumors including cervical carcinoma. To understand their mechanism of anti-cancer activity, the effect of the compounds on HA-CD44 pathway was analyzed in cervical cancer cell line HeLa. The mRNA expression of three different isoforms of CD44 i.e., CD44s, CD44v3, and CD44v6, was differentially downregulated by the compounds. This was validated by Western blot and immunocytochemical analysis of CD44s.The low molecular weight HA (LMW-HA) showed growth promoting activity in HeLa at low concentration, whereas high molecular weight HA (HMW-HA) had no such effect. The compounds could preferentially downregulate the LMW-HA level in HeLa, as evident in the cell as well as in the cell-free conditioned medium. Concentration-dependent upregulation of HA synthase-2 (HAS2) was seen in the cell by the compounds, whereas differential downregulation of hyalurinidases 1-4 (HYAL 1-4), predominantly HYAL1, were seen. The compounds could also downregulate the downstream target of the pathway p-AKT (T-308) in concentration-dependent manner. Thus, the compounds could attenuate the HA-CD44 pathway in HeLa cell to restrict the tumor growth.
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236
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Vernon RB, Gooden MD, Chan CK, Workman G, Obika M, Wight TN. Autocrine Hyaluronan Influences Sprouting and Lumen Formation During HUVEC Tubulogenesis In Vitro. J Histochem Cytochem 2021; 69:415-428. [PMID: 34080894 DOI: 10.1369/00221554211022703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many studies have focused on a role for hyaluronan (HA) of interstitial extracellular matrix (presumably produced by non-vascular "stromal" cells) in regulating vascular growth, we herein examine the influence of "autocrine HA" produced by vascular endothelial cells themselves on tubulogenesis, using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in angiogenic and vasculogenic three-dimensional collagen gel cultures. Relative to unstimulated controls, tubulogenic HUVECs upregulated HAS2 mRNA and increased the synthesis of cell-associated HA (but not HA secreted into media). Confocal microscopy/immunofluorescence on cultures fixed with neutral-buffered 10% formalin (NBF) revealed cytoplasmic HAS2 in HUVEC cords and tubes. Cultures fixed with NBF (with cetylpyridinium chloride added to retain HA), stained for HA using "affinity fluorescence" (biotinylated HA-binding protein with streptavidin-fluor), and viewed by confocal microscopy showed HA throughout tube lumens, but little/no HA on the abluminal sides of the tubes or in the surrounding collagen gel. Lumen formation in angiogenic and vasculogenic cultures was strongly suppressed by metabolic inhibitors of HA synthesis (mannose and 4-methylumbelliferone). Hyaluronidase strongly inhibited lumen formation in angiogenic cultures, but not in vasculogenic cultures (where developing lumens are not open to culture medium). Collectively, our results point to a role for autocrine, luminal HA in microvascular sprouting and lumen development. (J Histochem Cytochem 69: 415-428, 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Vernon
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michel D Gooden
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Christina K Chan
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Gail Workman
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Masanari Obika
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Thomas N Wight
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
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237
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ECM Remodeling in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Aerodigestive Tract: Pathways for Cancer Dissemination and Emerging Biomarkers. Cancers (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112759
expr 955442319 + 839973387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) include a number of different types of tumors developing in the skin, in hollow organs, as well as the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) including the head and neck region and the esophagus which will be dealt with in this review. These tumors are often refractory to current therapeutic approaches with poor patient outcome. The most important prognostic determinant of SCC tumors is the presence of distant metastasis, significantly correlating with low patient survival rates. Rapidly emerging evidence indicate that the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and remodeling profoundly affect SSC metastatic dissemination. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on the role of ECM and its remodeling enzymes in affecting the growth and dissemination of UADT SCC. Taken together, these published evidence suggest that a thorough analysis of the ECM composition in the UADT SCC microenvironment may help disclosing the mechanism of resistance to the treatments and help defining possible targets for clinical intervention.
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238
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So JS, Kim H, Han KS. Mechanisms of Invasion in Glioblastoma: Extracellular Matrix, Ca 2+ Signaling, and Glutamate. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:663092. [PMID: 34149360 PMCID: PMC8206529 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.663092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant form of primary brain tumor with a median survival time of 14–16 months in GBM patients. Surgical treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy may help increase survival by removing GBM from the brain. However, complete surgical resection to eliminate GBM is almost impossible due to its high invasiveness. When GBM cells migrate to the brain, they interact with various cells, including astrocytes, neurons, endothelial cells, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). They can also make their cell body shrink to infiltrate into narrow spaces in the brain; thereby, they can invade regions of the brain and escape from surgery. Brain tumor cells create an appropriate microenvironment for migration and invasion by modifying and degrading the ECM. During those processes, the Ca2+ signaling pathway and other signaling cascades mediated by various ion channels contribute mainly to gene expression, motility, and invasion of GBM cells. Furthermore, GBM cells release glutamate, affecting migration via activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors in an autocrine manner. This review focuses on the cellular mechanisms of glioblastoma invasion and motility related to ECM, Ca2+ signaling, and glutamate. Finally, we discuss possible therapeutic interventions to inhibit invasion by GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Seon So
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Gyeongju, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - Hyeono Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Gyeongju, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Seok Han
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Gyeongju, Gyeongju, South Korea
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239
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ECM Remodeling in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Aerodigestive Tract: Pathways for Cancer Dissemination and Emerging Biomarkers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112759. [PMID: 34199373 PMCID: PMC8199582 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Local and distant metastasis of patients affected by squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract predicts poor prognosis. In the latest years, the introduction of new therapeutic approaches, including targeted and immune therapies, has improved the overall survival. However, a large number of these patients do not benefit from these treatments. Thus, the identification of suitable prognostic and predictive biomarkers, as well as the discovery of new therapeutic targets have emerged as a crucial clinical need. In this context, the extracellular matrix represents a suitable target for the development of such therapeutic tools. In fact, the extracellular matrix is composed by complex molecules able to interact with a plethora of receptors and growth factors, thus modulating the dynamic crosstalk between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the role of the extracellular matrix in affecting squamous cell carcinoma growth and dissemination. Despite extracellular matrix is known to affect the development of many cancer types, only a restricted number of these molecules have been recognized to impact on squamous cell carcinoma progression. Thus, we consider that a thorough analysis of these molecules may be key to develop new potential therapeutic targets/biomarkers. Abstract Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) include a number of different types of tumors developing in the skin, in hollow organs, as well as the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) including the head and neck region and the esophagus which will be dealt with in this review. These tumors are often refractory to current therapeutic approaches with poor patient outcome. The most important prognostic determinant of SCC tumors is the presence of distant metastasis, significantly correlating with low patient survival rates. Rapidly emerging evidence indicate that the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and remodeling profoundly affect SSC metastatic dissemination. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on the role of ECM and its remodeling enzymes in affecting the growth and dissemination of UADT SCC. Taken together, these published evidence suggest that a thorough analysis of the ECM composition in the UADT SCC microenvironment may help disclosing the mechanism of resistance to the treatments and help defining possible targets for clinical intervention.
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240
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Gao Y, Peng K, Mitragotri S. Covalently Crosslinked Hydrogels via Step-Growth Reactions: Crosslinking Chemistries, Polymers, and Clinical Impact. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006362. [PMID: 33988273 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are an important class of biomaterials with the unique property of high-water content in a crosslinked polymer network. In particular, chemically crosslinked hydrogels have made a great clinical impact in past years because of their desirable mechanical properties and tunability of structural and chemical properties. Various polymers and step-growth crosslinking chemistries are harnessed for fabricating such covalently crosslinked hydrogels for translational research. However, selecting appropriate crosslinking chemistries and polymers for the intended clinical application is time-consuming and challenging. It requires the integration of polymer chemistry knowledge with thoughtful crosslinking reaction design. This task becomes even more challenging when other factors such as the biological mechanisms of the pathology, practical administration routes, and regulatory requirements add additional constraints. In this review, key features of crosslinking chemistries and polymers commonly used for preparing translatable hydrogels are outlined and their performance in biological systems is summarized. The examples of effective polymer/crosslinking chemistry combinations that have yielded clinically approved hydrogel products are specifically highlighted. These hydrogel design parameters in the context of the regulatory process and clinical translation barriers, providing a guideline for the rational selection of polymer/crosslinking chemistry combinations to construct hydrogels with high translational potential are further considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Gao
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kevin Peng
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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241
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Liao HX, Zhang ZH, Chen HL, Huang YM, Liu ZL, Huang J. CircHYBID regulates hyaluronan metabolism in chondrocytes via hsa-miR-29b-3p/TGF-β1 axis. Mol Med 2021; 27:56. [PMID: 34058990 PMCID: PMC8165762 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00319-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyaluronan (HA) metabolism by chondrocytes is important for cartilage development and homeostasis. However, information about the function of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in HA metabolism is limited. We therefore profiled the role of the novel HA-related circRNA circHYBID in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Methods CircHYBID function in HA metabolism in chondrocytes was investigated using gain-of-function experiments, and circHYBID mechanism was confirmed via bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assays. The expression of circHYBID–hsa-miR-29b-3p–transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 axis was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. CircHYBID, TGF-β1, and HA levels in cartilage samples were evaluated using qRT-PCR and pathological examination. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess HA accumulation in chondrocyte supernatant. Results CircHYBID expression was significantly downregulated in damaged cartilage samples compared with that in the corresponding intact cartilage samples. CircHYBID expression was positively correlated with alcian blue score. Interleukin-1β stimulation in chondrocytes downregulated circHYBID expression and decreased HA accumulation. Gain-of-function experiments revealed that circHYBID overexpression in chondrocytes increased HA accumulation by regulating HA synthase 2 and HYBID expression. Further mechanism analysis showed that circHYBID upregulated TGF-β1 expression by sponging hsa-miR-29b-3p. Conclusions Our results describe a novel HA-related circRNA that could promote HA synthesis and accumulation. The circHYBID–hsa-miR-29b-3p–TGF-β1 axis may play a powerful regulatory role in HA metabolism and OA progression. Thus, these findings will provide new perspectives for studies on OA pathogenesis, and circHYBID may serve as a potential target for OA therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-021-00319-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xing Liao
- Orthopedic Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Huangtang Road No.63, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Orthopedic Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Huangtang Road No.63, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Lin Chen
- Orthopedic Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Huangtang Road No.63, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Mei Huang
- Orthopedic Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Huangtang Road No.63, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Liang Liu
- Orthopedic Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Huangtang Road No.63, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Huang
- Orthopedic Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Huangtang Road No.63, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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242
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Atkinson B, Woodland E. Embryo Glue: The Use of Hyaluronan in Embryo Transfer Media. Semin Reprod Med 2021; 39:24-26. [PMID: 34034352 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
EmbryoGlue is available to patients at many in vitro fertilization clinics, usually at an additional cost. The efficacy of hyaluronan-enriched transfer medium (HETM) is supported by moderate quality evidence that indicates a significant improvement in clinical outcomes such as live birth rates for patients, including poorer prognosis women (i.e., maternal age factor [>35 years] and recurrent implantation failure). An increased multiple pregnancy rate has been reported with the use of HETM; therefore, a single embryo transfer policy should be considered in conjunction with the use of EmbryoGlue. There is no evidence to suggest that HETM has any detrimental impact, and therefore the use of HETM in clinics may be justified for a specific demographic of patients. Further robust evidence, in the form of meta-analyses or large-scale randomized controlled trials, is needed to build a sufficient consensus regarding the benefit of hyaluronan supplementation in embryo transfer media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Atkinson
- Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Embryology and ART, The Hewitt Fertility Centre, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Woodland
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Clinical Embryology, Salisbury Fertility Centre, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, United Kingdom
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243
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Jung E, Lee J, Lee Y, Seon S, Park M, Song C, Lee D. Tumor-Targeting H 2O 2-Responsive Photosensitizing Nanoparticles with Antiangiogenic and Immunogenic Activities for Maximizing Anticancer Efficacy of Phototherapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4450-4461. [PMID: 35006857 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phototherapy including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses photosensitizers and light to kill cancer cells and has become a promising therapeutic modality because of advantages such as minimal invasiveness and high cancer selectivity. However, PTT or PDT as a single treatment modality has insufficient therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, oxygen consumption by PDT activates angiogenic factors and leads to cancer recurrence and progression. Therefore, the therapeutic outcomes of phototherapy would be maximized by employing photosensitizers for concurrent PTT and PDT and suppressing angiogenic factors. Therefore, integrating photosensitive agents and antiangiogenic agents in a single nanoplatform would be a promising strategy to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of phototherapy. In this study, we developed hyaluronic acid-coated fluorescent boronated polysaccharide (HA-FBM) nanoparticles as a combination therapeutic agent for phototherapy and antiangiogenic therapy. Upon a single near-infrared laser irradiation, HA-FBM nanoparticles generated heat and singlet oxygen simultaneously to kill cancer cells and also induced immunogenic cancer cell death. Beside their fundamental roles as photosensitizers, HA-FBM nanoparticles exerted antiangiogenic effects by suppressing the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cancer cell migration. In a mouse xenograft model, intravenously injected HA-FBM nanoparticles targeted tumors by binding CD44-overexpressing cancer cells and suppressed angiogenic VEGF expression. Upon laser irradiation, HA-FBM nanoparticles remarkably eradicated tumors and increased anticancer immunity. Given their synergistic effects of phototherapy and antiangiogenic therapy from tumor-targeting HA-FBM nanoparticles, we believe that integrating the photosensitizers and antiangiogenic agents into a single nanoplatform presents an attractive strategy to maximize the anticancer therapeutic efficacy of phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunkyeong Jung
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Baekjedaero 567, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghun Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Yeongjong Lee
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Baekjedaero 567, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Semee Seon
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Baekjedaero 567, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Miran Park
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Baekjedaero 567, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulgyu Song
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Baekjedaero 567, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwon Lee
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Baekjedaero 567, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea.,Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Baekjedaero 567, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
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244
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Gao N, Fan B, Li L, Sun X, Wang X, Ma H, Wei Q, Ju H. Label-Free Antifouling Photoelectrochemical Sensing Strategy for Detecting Breast Tumor Cells Based on Ligand-Receptor Interactions. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4479-4485. [PMID: 35006860 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biomarker expression both on the cell surface and in serum is directly related to the pathological process of tumor. Based on the interaction between the ligand and the protein receptor, a label-free photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing interface with good antifouling ability was proposed for tumor cell detection. TiO2 nanotube (NT) arrays were used as the substrate to enhance the ability of the biosensor to capture the target. Mercapto-terminated 8-arm poly(ethylene glycol) was introduced onto the electrode surface by the deposition of Au nanoparticles on TiO2 NTs, creating an antifouling molecular layer. The recognition ligand hyaluronic acid (HA) was functionalized by dopamine and introduced onto the sensing surface based on the unique chelating interaction between the catechol group and the titanium atom. Benefitting from the specific recognition of HA with CD44 and the 3D porous structures of NTs, the constructed PEC biosensor showed excellent abilities toward the detection of MDA-MB-231 breast tumor cells and the soluble form of CD44. The ligand-receptor PEC sensing strategy has promising potential for the detection of tumor cells and protein biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Gao
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Bobo Fan
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Hongmin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Qin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
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Polani F, Grierson PM, Lim KH. Stroma-targeting strategies in pancreatic cancer: Past lessons, challenges and prospects. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:2105-2121. [PMID: 34025067 PMCID: PMC8117738 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i18.2105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is projected to emerge as the second leading cause of cancer-related death after 2030. Extreme treatment resistance is perhaps the most significant factor that underlies the poor prognosis of PDAC. To date, combination chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for most PDAC patients. Compared to other cancer types, treatment response of PDAC tumors to similar chemotherapy regimens is clearly much lower and shorter-lived. Aside from typically harboring genetic alterations that to date remain un-druggable and are drivers of treatment resistance, PDAC tumors are uniquely characterized by a densely fibrotic stroma that has well-established roles in promoting cancer progression and treatment resistance. However, emerging evidence also suggests that indiscriminate targeting and near complete depletion of stroma may promote PDAC aggressiveness and lead to detrimental outcomes. These conflicting results undoubtedly warrant the need for a more in-depth understanding of the heterogeneity of tumor stroma in order to develop modulatory strategies in favor of tumor suppression. The advent of novel techniques including single cell RNA sequencing and multiplex immunohistochemistry have further illuminated the complex heterogeneity of tumor cells, stromal fibroblasts, and immune cells. This new knowledge is instrumental for development of more refined therapeutic strategies that can ultimately defeat this disease. Here, we provide a concise review on lessons learned from past stroma-targeting strategies, new challenges revealed from recent preclinical and clinical studies, as well as new prospects in the treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faran Polani
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and The Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Patrick M Grierson
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and The Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Kian-Huat Lim
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and The Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, United States
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246
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Carvalho LT, Vieira TA, Zhao Y, Celli A, Medeiros SF, Lacerda TM. Recent advances in the production of biomedical systems based on polyhydroxyalkanoates and exopolysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1514-1539. [PMID: 33989687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, growing attention has been devoted to naturally occurring biological macromolecules and their ensuing application in agriculture, cosmetics, food and pharmaceutical industries. They inherently have antigenicity, low immunogenicity, excellent biocompatibility and cytocompatibility, which are ideal properties for the design of biomedical devices, especially for the controlled delivery of active ingredients in the most diverse contexts. Furthermore, these properties can be modulated by chemical modification via the incorporation of other (macro)molecules in a random or controlled way, aiming at improving their functionality for each specific application. Among the wide variety of natural polymers, microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) are often considered for the development of original biomaterials due to their unique physicochemical and biological features. Here, we aim to fullfil a gap on the present associated literature, bringing an up-to-date overview of ongoing research strategies that make use of PHAs (poly (3-hydroxybutyrate), poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), poly (3-hydroxyoctanoate), poly(3-hydroxypropionate), poly (3-hydroxyhexanoate-co-3-hydroxyoctanoate), and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)) and EPS (bacterial cellulose, alginates, curdlan, pullulan, xanthan gum, dextran, hyaluronan, and schizophyllan) as sources of interesting and versatile biomaterials. For the first time, a monograph addressing the properties, pros and cons, status, challenges, and recent progresses regarding the application of these two important classes of biopolymers in biomedicine is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layde T Carvalho
- Biotechnology Department, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago A Vieira
- Biotechnology Department, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery 449 and High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Annamaria Celli
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone F Medeiros
- Biotechnology Department, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, SP, Brazil; Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, SP, Brazil.
| | - Talita M Lacerda
- Biotechnology Department, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, SP, Brazil.
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247
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Quan H, Fan L, Huang Y, Xia X, He Y, Liu S, Yu J. Hyaluronic acid-decorated carborane-TAT conjugation nanomicelles: A potential boron agent with enhanced selectivity of tumor cellular uptake. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 204:111826. [PMID: 33984611 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has received widespread attention as a new type of radiation therapy. The main problem encountered in BNCT is insufficient tumor cellular uptake of boron agents. In this study, cell-penetrating peptide TAT-conjugated o-carborane was synthesized. The conjugation can self-assemble to form positively charged carborane-TAT micelles, and then adsorb negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) to give core-shell structured carborane-TAT@HA micelles. Carborane-TAT@HA micelles exhibits a large amount of boron uptake at the tumor tissue through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and the ability of HA to bind to CD44 receptors. Carborane-TAT@HA was wrapped by the HA shell during systemic circulation to avoid non-specific uptake of TAT with normal cells, while tumor microenvironment-responsive shedding of HA shell could expose Carborane-TAT to penetrate the cell membrane into tumor cells. Experiments have proved the enhanced selectivity of tumor cellular uptake of the boron drug, displayed excellent drug delivery potential, and can meet the basic requirements of BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Quan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Li Fan
- Department of Radiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, PR China
| | - Yushu Huang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Xia
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Yang He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, PR China.
| | - Jiahui Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China.
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248
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Kyriakidis C, Lali F, Greco KV, García-Gareta E. Chronic Leg Ulcers: Are Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Science the Solution? Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8050062. [PMID: 34068781 PMCID: PMC8150748 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8050062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic leg ulcers (CLUs) are full thickness wounds that usually occur between the ankle and knee, fail to heal after 3 months of standard treatment, or are not entirely healed at 12 months. CLUs present a considerable burden on patients, subjecting them to severe pain and distress, while healthcare systems suffer immense costs and loss of resources. The poor healing outcome of the standard treatment of CLUs generates an urgent clinical need to find effective solutions for these wounds. Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Science offer exciting prospects for the treatment of CLUs, using a broad range of skin substitutes or scaffolds, and dressings. In this review, we summarize and discuss the various types of scaffolds used clinically in the treatment of CLUs. Their structure and therapeutic effects are described, and for each scaffold type representative examples are discussed, supported by clinical trials. Silver dressings are also reviewed due to their reported benefits in the healing of leg ulcers, as well as recent studies on new dermal scaffolds, reporting on clinical results where available. We conclude by arguing there is a further need for tissue-engineered products specifically designed and bioengineered to treat these wounds and we propose a series of properties that a biomaterial for CLUs should possess, with the intention of focusing efforts on finding an effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Kyriakidis
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park and Saint Mark’s Hospital, London HA1 3UJ, UK;
| | - Ferdinand Lali
- The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park and Saint Mark’s Hospital, London HA1 3UJ, UK; (F.L.); (K.V.G.)
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Karin Vicente Greco
- The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park and Saint Mark’s Hospital, London HA1 3UJ, UK; (F.L.); (K.V.G.)
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Elena García-Gareta
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park and Saint Mark’s Hospital, London HA1 3UJ, UK;
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Royal Free Hospital Campus, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-0-20-3958-0500
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Wang S, Zhang CH, Zhang P, Chen S, Song ZL, Chen J, Zeng R. Rational design of a HA-AuNPs@AIED nanoassembly for activatable fluorescence detection of HAase and imaging in tumor cells. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:2030-2036. [PMID: 33955975 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02130j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation induced emission (AIE) dots have gained broad attention in fluorescence bioimaging and biosensors in virtue of their distinctive optical properties of splendid biocompatibility, high brightness and good photostability. However, the application of AIE dots in sensing and imaging of enzymes in cells remains at an early stage and needs to be further explored. In this report, we proposed a novel AIE-dot-based nanoprobe for hyaluronidase (HAase) detection using a simple electrostatic self-assembly of AIE dots with gold nanoparticles functionalized using hyaluronic acid (HA-AuNPs), named HA-AuNPs@AIEDs. The fluorescence of AIE dots can be obviously quenched by HA-AuNPs via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). HAase could degrade HA into small pieces and thus induce disassembly of AuNPs and AIEDs, accompanied by fluorescence recovery of AIEDs. The as-prepared nanoprobe exhibited high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, wide response range and desirable anti-interference for quantitative sensing of HAase in vitro. The detection limit was down to 0.0072 U mL-1. Moreover, the nanoprobe displayed good biocompatibility and excellent photostability, and thus offered a practicable "turn-on" strategy for specific, high-contrast fluorescence imaging of HAase in live tumor cells. The AIE-based nanoprobe may provide a novel universal platform for recognition and imaging of HAase in tumors, and may be beneficial for related biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.
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Dorandish S, Williams A, Atali S, Sendo S, Price D, Thompson C, Guthrie J, Heyl D, Evans HG. Regulation of amyloid-β levels by matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 (MMP2/9) in the media of lung cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9708. [PMID: 33958632 PMCID: PMC8102533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we set out to identify regulators of intact amyloid-β40/42 (Aβ) levels in A549 (p53 wild-type) and H1299 (p53-null) lung cancer cell media. Higher Aβ levels were detected in the media of A549 than H1299 cells without or with treatment with 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) and/or the anti-CD44 antibody (5F12). Using inhibitors, we found that PI3K, AKT, and NFκB are likely involved in regulating Aβ levels in the media. However, increased Aβ levels that more closely resembled those found upon 4-MU co-treatment resulted from MMP2/9 inhibition, suggesting that MMP2/9 maybe the main contributors to regulation of Aβ levels in the media. Differences in Aβ levels might be accounted for, in part, by p53 since blocking p53 function in A549 cells resulted in decreased Aβ levels, increased MMP2/9 levels, increased PI3K/AKT activities and the phospho/total NFκB ratio. Using siRNA targeted against MMP2 or MMP9, we found increased Aβ levels in the media, however, MMP2 knockdown led to Aβ levels closely mimicking those detected by co-treatment with 4-MU. Cell viability or apoptosis upon treatment with either MMP2 or MMP9 siRNA along with Aβ immunodepletion, showed that MMP2 is the predominant regulator of the cytotoxic effects induced by Aβ in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Dorandish
- Chemistry Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Asana Williams
- Chemistry Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Sarah Atali
- Chemistry Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Sophia Sendo
- Chemistry Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Deanna Price
- Chemistry Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Colton Thompson
- Chemistry Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Jeffrey Guthrie
- Chemistry Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Deborah Heyl
- Chemistry Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Hedeel Guy Evans
- Chemistry Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA.
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