201
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Niu J, Dick IE, Yang W, Bamgboye MA, Yue DT, Tomaselli G, Inoue T, Ben-Johny M. Allosteric regulators selectively prevent Ca 2+-feedback of Ca V and Na V channels. eLife 2018; 7:35222. [PMID: 30198845 PMCID: PMC6156082 DOI: 10.7554/elife.35222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) serves as a pervasive regulatory subunit of CaV1, CaV2, and NaV1 channels, exploiting a functionally conserved carboxy-tail element to afford dynamic Ca2+-feedback of cellular excitability in neurons and cardiomyocytes. Yet this modularity counters functional adaptability, as global changes in ambient CaM indiscriminately alter its targets. Here, we demonstrate that two structurally unrelated proteins, SH3 and cysteine-rich domain (stac) and fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (fhf) selectively diminish Ca2+/CaM-regulation of CaV1 and NaV1 families, respectively. The two proteins operate on allosteric sites within upstream portions of respective channel carboxy-tails, distinct from the CaM-binding interface. Generalizing this mechanism, insertion of a short RxxK binding motif into CaV1.3 carboxy-tail confers synthetic switching of CaM regulation by Mona SH3 domain. Overall, our findings identify a general class of auxiliary proteins that modify Ca2+/CaM signaling to individual targets allowing spatial and temporal orchestration of feedback, and outline strategies for engineering Ca2+/CaM signaling to individual targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Niu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ivy E Dick
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, United States
| | - Wanjun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | | | - David T Yue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Gordon Tomaselli
- Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Takanari Inoue
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Manu Ben-Johny
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, United States
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202
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Song JHT, Lowe CB, Kingsley DM. Characterization of a Human-Specific Tandem Repeat Associated with Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 103:421-430. [PMID: 30100087 PMCID: PMC6128321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) are highly heritable diseases that affect more than 3% of individuals worldwide. Genome-wide association studies have strongly and repeatedly linked risk for both of these neuropsychiatric diseases to a 100 kb interval in the third intron of the human calcium channel gene CACNA1C. However, the causative mutation is not yet known. We have identified a human-specific tandem repeat in this region that is composed of 30 bp units, often repeated hundreds of times. This large tandem repeat is unstable using standard polymerase chain reaction and bacterial cloning techniques, which may have resulted in its incorrect size in the human reference genome. The large 30-mer repeat region is polymorphic in both size and sequence in human populations. Particular sequence variants of the 30-mer are associated with risk status at several flanking single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the third intron of CACNA1C that have previously been linked to BD and SCZ. The tandem repeat arrays function as enhancers that increase reporter gene expression in a human neural progenitor cell line. Different human arrays vary in the magnitude of enhancer activity, and the 30-mer arrays associated with increased psychiatric disease risk status have decreased enhancer activity. Changes in the structure and sequence of these arrays likely contribute to changes in CACNA1C function during human evolution and may modulate neuropsychiatric disease risk in modern human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet H T Song
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Craig B Lowe
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David M Kingsley
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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203
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Kim JW, Oh HA, Lee SH, Kim KC, Eun PH, Ko MJ, Gonzales ELT, Seung H, Kim S, Bahn GH, Shin CY. T-Type Calcium Channels Are Required to Maintain Viability of Neural Progenitor Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:439-445. [PMID: 29463073 PMCID: PMC6131011 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
T-type calcium channels are low voltage-activated calcium channels that evoke small and transient calcium currents. Recently, T-type calcium channels have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and neural tube defects. However, their function during embryonic development is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the function and expression of T-type calcium channels in embryonic neural progenitor cells (NPCs). First, we compared the expression of T-type calcium channel subtypes (CaV3.1, 3.2, and 3.3) in NPCs and differentiated neural cells (neurons and astrocytes). We detected all subtypes in neurons but not in astrocytes. In NPCs, CaV3.1 was the dominant subtype, whereas CaV3.2 was weakly expressed, and CaV3.3 was not detected. Next, we determined CaV3.1 expression levels in the cortex during early brain development. Expression levels of CaV3.1 in the embryonic period were transiently decreased during the perinatal period and increased at postnatal day 11. We then pharmacologically blocked T-type calcium channels to determine the effects in neuronal cells. The blockade of T-type calcium channels reduced cell viability, and induced apoptotic cell death in NPCs but not in differentiated astrocytes. Furthermore, blocking T-type calcium channels rapidly reduced AKT-phosphorylation (Ser473) and GSK3β-phosphorylation (Ser9). Our results suggest that T-type calcium channels play essential roles in maintaining NPC viability, and T-type calcium channel blockers are toxic to embryonic neural cells, and may potentially be responsible for neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Woon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Oh
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Chan Kim
- KU Open Innovation Center and IBST, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyung Hwa Eun
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Jung Ko
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Edson Luck T Gonzales
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Seung
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonmin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Ho Bahn
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Young Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.,KU Open Innovation Center and IBST, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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204
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Lajarín-Cuesta R, Arribas RL, Nanclares C, García-Frutos EM, Gandía L, de los Ríos C. Design and synthesis of multipotent 3-aminomethylindoles and 7-azaindoles with enhanced protein phosphatase 2A-activating profile and neuroprotection. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:294-309. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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205
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Song M, Yu B, Kim S, Hayashi M, Smith C, Sohn S, Kim E, Lim J, Stevenson RG, Kim RH. Clinical and Molecular Perspectives of Reparative Dentin Formation: Lessons Learned from Pulp-Capping Materials and the Emerging Roles of Calcium. Dent Clin North Am 2018; 61:93-110. [PMID: 27912821 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The long-term use of calcium hydroxide and the recent increase in the use of hydraulic calcium-silicate cements as direct pulp-capping materials provide important clues in terms of how reparative dentin may be induced to form a "biological seal" to protect the underlying pulp tissues. In this review article, we discuss clinical and molecular perspectives of reparative dentin formation based on evidence learned from the use of these pulp-capping materials. We also discuss the emerging role of calcium as an odontoinductive component in these pulp-capping materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Song
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bo Yu
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sol Kim
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marc Hayashi
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Colby Smith
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Suhjin Sohn
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Euiseong Kim
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50 Yonsei-Ro, 03772, Seoul, Korea
| | - James Lim
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Richard G Stevenson
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Reuben H Kim
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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206
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Daghsni M, Rima M, Fajloun Z, Ronjat M, Brusés JL, M'rad R, De Waard M. Autism throughout genetics: Perusal of the implication of ion channels. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e00978. [PMID: 29934975 PMCID: PMC6085908 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comprises a group of neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders characterized by deficits in social interactions, interpersonal communication, repetitive and stereotyped behaviors and may be associated with intellectual disabilities. The description of ASD as a synaptopathology highlights the importance of the synapse and the implication of ion channels in the etiology of these disorders. METHODS A narrative and critical review of the relevant papers from 1982 to 2017 known by the authors was conducted. RESULTS Genome-wide linkages, association studies, and genetic analyses of patients with ASD have led to the identification of several candidate genes and mutations linked to ASD. Many of the candidate genes encode for proteins involved in neuronal development and regulation of synaptic function including ion channels and actors implicated in synapse formation. The involvement of ion channels in ASD is of great interest as they represent attractive therapeutic targets. In agreement with this view, recent findings have shown that drugs modulating ion channel function are effective for the treatment of certain types of patients with ASD. CONCLUSION This review describes the genetic aspects of ASD with a focus on genes encoding ion channels and highlights the therapeutic implications of ion channels in the treatment of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Daghsni
- L'institut du Thorax, INSERM UMR1087/CNRS UMR6291, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES10 Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine, 1007, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Mohamad Rima
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Application, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Michel Ronjat
- L'institut du Thorax, INSERM UMR1087/CNRS UMR6291, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Nice, France
| | - Juan L Brusés
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mercy College, Dobbs Ferry, NY, USA
| | - Ridha M'rad
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES10 Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine, 1007, Tunis, Tunisie.,Service des Maladies Congénitales et Héréditaires, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Michel De Waard
- L'institut du Thorax, INSERM UMR1087/CNRS UMR6291, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Nice, France
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207
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Saraf J, Bhattacharya P, Kalia K, Borah A, Sarmah D, Kaur H, Dave KR, Yavagal DR. A Friend or Foe: Calcineurin across the Gamut of Neurological Disorders. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:805-819. [PMID: 30062109 PMCID: PMC6062828 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The serine/threonine phosphatase calcineurin (CaN) is a unique but confounding calcium/calmodulin-mediated enzyme. CaN has shown to play essential roles from regulating calcium homeostasis to being an intricate part of learning and memory formation. Neurological disorders, despite differing in their etiology, share similar pathological outcomes, such as mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptotic signaling brought about by excitotoxic elements. CaN, being deeply integrated in vital neuronal functions, may be implicated in various neurological disorders. Understanding the enzyme and its physiological niche in the nervous system is vital in uncovering its roles in the spectrum of brain disorders. By reviewing the crosstalk in different neurological pathologies, a possible grasp of CaN's complex signaling may lead to forming better neurotherapy. This Outlook attempts to explore the various neuronal functions of CaN and investigate its pervasive role through the gamut of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson Saraf
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular
and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science
and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Kunjan R Dave
- Department
of Neurology, University of Miami Miller
School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Dileep R Yavagal
- Department
of Neurology, University of Miami Miller
School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
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208
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Du Nguyen H, Okada T, Kitamura S, Yamaoka S, Horaguchi Y, Kasanami Y, Sekiguchi F, Tsubota M, Yoshida S, Nishikawa H, Kawabata A, Toyooka N. Design and synthesis of novel anti-hyperalgesic agents based on 6-prenylnaringenin as the T-type calcium channel blockers. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4410-4427. [PMID: 30031654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Since 6-prenylnaringenin (6-PNG) was recently identified as a novel T-type calcium channel blocker with the IC50 value around 1 µM, a series of flavanone derivatives were designed, synthesized and subsequently evaluated for T-channel-blocking activity in HEK293 cells transfected with Cav3.2 T-type channels using a patch-clamp technique. As a result, several new flavanones blocked Cav3.2-dependent T-currents more potently than 6-PNG. In the synthesized compounds, 6-(3-ethylpent-2-enyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one 8j, 6-(3-ethylpent-2-enyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one 11b, 6-(2-cyclopentylideneethyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one 11d, and 6-(2-Cyclopentylethyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one 12c were more potent blocker than 6-PNG with the IC50 value of 0.39, 0.26, 0.46, and 0.50 µM, respectively. Among the above four derivatives, the compound 8j provided the best result in the in vivo experiments; i.e. systemic administration of 8j at the minimum dose completely restored neuropathic pain induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy Du Nguyen
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Takuya Okada
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Shun Kitamura
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Sakura Yamaoka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yamato Horaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | | | - Fumiko Sekiguchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Maho Tsubota
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yoshida
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | | | - Atsufumi Kawabata
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Naoki Toyooka
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan.
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209
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Sairaman A, Cardoso FC, Bispat A, Lewis RJ, Duggan PJ, Tuck KL. Synthesis and evaluation of aminobenzothiazoles as blockers of N- and T-type calcium channels. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3046-3059. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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210
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Kisko TM, Braun MD, Michels S, Witt SH, Rietschel M, Culmsee C, Schwarting RKW, Wöhr M. Cacna1c haploinsufficiency leads to pro-social 50-kHz ultrasonic communication deficits in rats. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm.034116. [PMID: 29739816 PMCID: PMC6031367 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.034116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cross-disorder risk gene CACNA1C is strongly implicated in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BPD) and schizophrenia (SCZ), with deficits in social functioning being common for all major neuropsychiatric disorders. In the present study, we explored the role of Cacna1c in regulating disorder-relevant behavioral phenotypes, focusing on socio-affective communication after weaning during the critical developmental period of adolescence in rats. To this aim, we used a newly developed genetic Cacna1c rat model and applied a truly reciprocal approach for studying communication through ultrasonic vocalizations, including both sender and receiver. Our results show that a deletion of Cacna1c leads to deficits in social behavior and pro-social 50-kHz ultrasonic communication in rats. Reduced levels of 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations emitted during rough-and-tumble play may suggest that Cacna1c haploinsufficient rats derive less reward from playful social interactions. Besides the emission of fewer 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations in the sender, Cacna1c deletion reduced social approach behavior elicited by playback of 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations. This indicates that Cacna1c haploinsufficiency has detrimental effects on 50-kHz ultrasonic communication in both sender and receiver. Together, these data suggest that Cacna1c plays a prominent role in regulating socio-affective communication in rats with relevance for ASD, BPD and SCZ. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: The present study suggests that Cacna1c plays a prominent role in regulating socio-affective communication in rats with relevance for neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa M Kisko
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Moria D Braun
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Michels
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 1, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie H Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, J5, D-65189 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, J5, D-65189 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 1, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Rainer K W Schwarting
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wöhr
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032 Marburg, Germany .,Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
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211
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Ferron L, Kadurin I, Dolphin AC. Proteolytic maturation of α 2δ controls the probability of synaptic vesicular release. eLife 2018; 7:e37507. [PMID: 29916807 PMCID: PMC6029843 DOI: 10.7554/elife.37507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Auxiliary α2δ subunits are important proteins for trafficking of voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV) at the active zones of synapses. We have previously shown that the post-translational proteolytic cleavage of α2δ is essential for their modulatory effects on the trafficking of N-type (CaV2.2) calcium channels (Kadurin et al., 2016). We extend these results here by showing that the probability of presynaptic vesicular release is reduced when an uncleaved α2δ is expressed in rat neurons and that this inhibitory effect is reversed when cleavage of α2δ is restored. We also show that asynchronous release is influenced by the maturation of α2δ-1, highlighting the role of CaV channels in this component of vesicular release. We present additional evidence that CaV2.2 co-immunoprecipitates preferentially with cleaved wild-type α2δ. Our data indicate that the proteolytic maturation increases the association of α2δ-1 with CaV channel complex and is essential for its function on synaptic release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Ferron
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Ivan Kadurin
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Annette C Dolphin
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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212
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Optogenetic Control of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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213
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Snutch TP, Zamponi GW. Recent advances in the development of T-type calcium channel blockers for pain intervention. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2375-2383. [PMID: 28608534 PMCID: PMC5980537 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cav 3.2 T-type calcium channels are important regulators of pain signals in the afferent pain pathway, and their activities are dysregulated during various chronic pain states. Therefore, it is reasonable to predict that inhibiting T-type calcium channels in dorsal root ganglion neurons and in the spinal dorsal horn can be targeted for pain relief. This is supported by early pharmacological studies with T-type channel blockers, such as ethosuximide, and by analgesic effects of siRNA depletion of Cav 3.2 channels. In the past 5 years, considerable effort has been applied towards identifying novel classes of T-type calcium channel blockers. Here, we review recent developments in the discovery of novel classes of T-type calcium channel blockers, and their analgesic effects in animal models of pain and in clinical trials. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Recent Advances in Targeting Ion Channels to Treat Chronic Pain. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrance P Snutch
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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214
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Gong N, Park J, Luo ZD. Injury-induced maladaptation and dysregulation of calcium channel α 2 δ subunit proteins and its contribution to neuropathic pain development. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2231-2243. [PMID: 28646556 PMCID: PMC5980513 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) play important roles in physiological functions including the modulation of neurotransmitter release, neuronal network activities, intracellular signalling pathways and gene expression. Some pathological conditions, including nerve injuries, can cause the dysregulation of VGCCs and their subunits. This in turn can lead to a functional maladaptation of VGCCs and their subunits, which can contribute to the development of disorders such as pain sensations. This review has summarized recent findings related to maladaptive changes in the dysregulated VGCC α2 δ1 subunit (Cav α2 δ1 ) with a focus on exploring the mechanisms underlying the contribution of Cav α2 δ1 to pain signal transduction. At least under neuropathic pain conditions, the dysregulated Cav α2 δ1 can modulate VGCC functions as well as other plasticity changes. The latter includes abnormal excitatory synaptogenesis resulting from its interactions with injury-induced extracellular matrix glycoprotein molecule thrombospondins, which is independent of the VGCC functions. Blocking Cav α2 δ1 with gabapentinoids can reverse neuropathic pain significantly with relatively mild side effects, but only in a small population of neuropathic pain patients due to reasons yet to be explored. There are emerging data suggesting that early preventive treatment with gabapentinoids can prevent aberrant excitatory synapse formation and the development of chronic pain. If these findings are confirmed clinically, this could be an attractive approach for neuropathic pain management. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Recent Advances in Targeting Ion Channels to Treat Chronic Pain. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative CareSchool of Medicine, University of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - John Park
- Department of Pharmacology, School of MedicineUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Z David Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative CareSchool of Medicine, University of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of MedicineUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
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215
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Patel R, Montagut‐Bordas C, Dickenson AH. Calcium channel modulation as a target in chronic pain control. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2173-2184. [PMID: 28320042 PMCID: PMC5980588 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain remains poorly treated for large numbers of patients, and little progress has been made in developing novel classes of analgesics. To redress this issue, ziconotide (Prialt™) was developed and approved as a first-in-class synthetic version of ω-conotoxin MVIIA, a peptide blocker of Cav 2.2 channels. Unfortunately, the impracticalities of intrathecal delivery, low therapeutic index and severe neurological side effects associated with ziconotide have restricted its use to exceptional circumstances. Ziconotide exhibits no state or use-dependent block of Cav 2.2 channels; activation state-dependent blockers were hypothesized to circumvent the side effects of state-independent blockers by selectively targeting high-frequency firing of nociceptive neurones in chronic pain states, thus alleviating aberrant pain but not affecting normal sensory transduction. Unfortunately, numerous drugs, including state-dependent calcium channel blockers, have displayed efficacy in preclinical models but have subsequently been disappointing in clinical trials. In recent years, it has become more widely acknowledged that trans-aetiological sensory profiles exist amongst chronic pain patients and may indicate similar underlying mechanisms and drug sensitivities. Heterogeneity amongst patients, a reliance on stimulus-evoked endpoints in preclinical studies and a failure to utilize translatable endpoints, all are likely to have contributed to negative clinical trial results. We provide an overview of how electrophysiological and operant-based assays provide insight into sensory and affective aspects of pain in animal models and how these may relate to chronic pain patients in order to improve the bench-to-bedside translation of calcium channel modulators. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Recent Advances in Targeting Ion Channels to Treat Chronic Pain. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Patel
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Anthony H Dickenson
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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216
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Design, synthesis and evaluation of substituted piperidine based KCNQ openers as novel antiepileptic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1731-1735. [PMID: 29706422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a kind of disease with complicated pathogenesis. KCNQ (Kv7) is a voltage dependent potassium channel that is mostly associated with epilepsy and thus becomes an important target in the treatment of epilepsy. In this paper, a series of substituted piperidine derivatives targeting KCNQ were designed and synthesized by using scaffold hopping and active substructure hybridization. Compounds were evaluated by fluorescence-based thallium influx assay, Rb+ flow assay and electrophysiological patch-clamp assay. Results showed that some compounds possessed more potent potassium channel opening activity than Retigabine. More significantly, compound 11 was found to have good pharmacokinetic profiles in vivo.
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217
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Silva RBM, Greggio S, Venturin GT, da Costa JC, Gomez MV, Campos MM. Beneficial Effects of the Calcium Channel Blocker CTK 01512-2 in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:9307-9327. [PMID: 29667130 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1049-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) play a critical role in neuroinflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). CTK 01512-2 is a recombinant version of the peptide Phα1β derived from the spider Phoneutria nigriventer, which inhibits N-type VGCC/TRPA1-mediated calcium influx. We investigated the effects of this molecule in the mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The effects of CTK 01512-2 were compared to those displayed by ziconotide-a selective N-type VGCC blocker clinically used for chronic pain-and fingolimod-a drug employed for MS treatment. The intrathecal (i.t.) treatment with CTK 01512-2 displayed beneficial effects, by preventing nociception, body weight loss, splenomegaly, MS-like clinical and neurological scores, impaired motor coordination, and memory deficits, with an efficacy comparable to that observed for ziconotide and fingolimod. This molecule displayed a favorable profile on EAE-induced neuroinflammatory changes, including inflammatory infiltrate, demyelination, pro-inflammatory cytokine production, glial activation, and glucose metabolism in the brain and spinal cord. The recovery of spatial memory, besides a reduction of serum leptin levels, allied to central and peripheral elevation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, was solely modulated by CTK 01512-2, dosed intrathecally. The intravenous (i.v.) administration of CTK 01512-2 also reduced the EAE-elicited MS-like symptoms, similarly to that seen in animals that received fingolimod orally. Ziconotide lacked any significant effect when dosed by i.v. route. Our results indicate that CTK 01512-2 greatly improved the neuroinflammatory responses in a mouse model of MS, with a higher efficacy when compared to ziconotide, pointing out this molecule as a promising adjuvant for MS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo B M Silva
- Escola de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil.,Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Centro de Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Samuel Greggio
- Centro de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica, Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul - Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, 90610-000, Brazil.,Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Graduação em Biomedicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Gianina T Venturin
- Centro de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica, Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul - Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Jaderson C da Costa
- Centro de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica, Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul - Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Marcus V Gomez
- Núcleo de Pós-Graduação, Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa da Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, 30150-240, Brazil
| | - Maria M Campos
- Escola de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil. .,Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Centro de Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil. .,Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Graduação em Odontologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil. .,Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil.
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218
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Ma G, Liu J, Ke Y, Liu X, Li M, Wang F, Han G, Huang Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y. Optogenetic Control of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:7019-7022. [PMID: 29569306 PMCID: PMC6032918 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Voltage‐gated Ca2+ (CaV) channels mediate Ca2+ entry into excitable cells to regulate a myriad of cellular events following membrane depolarization. We report the engineering of RGK GTPases, a class of genetically encoded CaV channel modulators, to enable photo‐tunable modulation of CaV channel activity in excitable mammalian cells. This optogenetic tool (designated optoRGK) tailored for CaV channels could find broad applications in interrogating a wide range of CaV‐mediated physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Ma
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, 2121 W Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jindou Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular, Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuepeng Ke
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, 2121 W Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, 2121 W Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, 2121 W Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Yun Huang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, 2121 W Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Youjun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular, Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, 2121 W Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Temple, TX, 76504, USA
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219
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El-Badry YAM, Sallam MS, El-Hashash MAA. Efficient 1,3,4-Thiadiazole-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-ones as Antimicrobial Agents. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:427-433. [PMID: 29607908 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A set of novel series of 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl-sulfanyl-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-ones with anticipated antimicrobial activity has been synthesized. The synthetic protocol of the targeted compounds was accomplished by treating β-aroylacrylic acid 1 with 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (2) to afford the thia-Michael adduct 3. Afterwards, the obtained thia-Michael adduct 3 was cyclized to 4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-ones 4a-d and the non-cyclized product hydrazone 5 by using different hydrazines. Moreover, adduct 3 was reacted with esters like diethyl malonate and ethyl acetoacetate affording 1,3,4-thiadiazolobutanamides 6a, b. Furthermore, the concurrent reaction of later butamides 6a, b with the hydrazine derivatives furnished thiadiazolopyridazin-3(2H)-ones 7a-d, 8, and butanoic acid 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Abdel-Moemen El-Badry
- Organic Chemistry Lab., Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University.,Organic Chemistry Dep., Faculty of Science, Taif University
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220
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221
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Dedic N, Pöhlmann ML, Richter JS, Mehta D, Czamara D, Metzger MW, Dine J, Bedenk BT, Hartmann J, Wagner KV, Jurik A, Almli LM, Lori A, Moosmang S, Hofmann F, Wotjak CT, Rammes G, Eder M, Chen A, Ressler KJ, Wurst W, Schmidt MV, Binder EB, Deussing JM. Cross-disorder risk gene CACNA1C differentially modulates susceptibility to psychiatric disorders during development and adulthood. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:533-543. [PMID: 28696432 PMCID: PMC5822460 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CACNA1C, the α1C subunit of the voltage-gated L-type calcium channel Cav1.2, rank among the most consistent and replicable genetics findings in psychiatry and have been associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression. However, genetic variants of complex diseases often only confer a marginal increase in disease risk, which is additionally influenced by the environment. Here we show that embryonic deletion of Cacna1c in forebrain glutamatergic neurons promotes the manifestation of endophenotypes related to psychiatric disorders including cognitive decline, impaired synaptic plasticity, reduced sociability, hyperactivity and increased anxiety. Additional analyses revealed that depletion of Cacna1c during embryonic development also increases the susceptibility to chronic stress, which suggest that Cav1.2 interacts with the environment to shape disease vulnerability. Remarkably, this was not observed when Cacna1c was deleted in glutamatergic neurons during adulthood, where the later deletion even improved cognitive flexibility, strengthened synaptic plasticity and induced stress resilience. In a parallel gene × environment design in humans, we additionally demonstrate that SNPs in CACNA1C significantly interact with adverse life events to alter the risk to develop symptoms of psychiatric disorders. Overall, our results further validate Cacna1c as a cross-disorder risk gene in mice and humans, and additionally suggest a differential role for Cav1.2 during development and adulthood in shaping cognition, sociability, emotional behavior and stress susceptibility. This may prompt the consideration for pharmacological manipulation of Cav1.2 in neuropsychiatric disorders with developmental and/or stress-related origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Dedic
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - M L Pöhlmann
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - J S Richter
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - D Mehta
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - D Czamara
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - M W Metzger
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - J Dine
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - B T Bedenk
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - J Hartmann
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - K V Wagner
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - A Jurik
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - L M Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A Lori
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S Moosmang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - F Hofmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - C T Wotjak
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - G Rammes
- Clinic of Anaesthesiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - M Eder
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - A Chen
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- The Ruhman Family Laboratory for Research on the Neurobiology of Stress, Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - K J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - W Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - M V Schmidt
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - E B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J M Deussing
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
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222
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St John Smith E. Advances in understanding nociception and neuropathic pain. J Neurol 2018; 265:231-238. [PMID: 29032407 PMCID: PMC5808094 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-017-8641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pain results from the activation of a subset of sensory neurones termed nociceptors and has evolved as a "detect and protect" mechanism. However, lesion or disease in the sensory system can result in neuropathic pain, which serves no protective function. Understanding how the sensory nervous system works and what changes occur in neuropathic pain are vital in identifying new therapeutic targets and developing novel analgesics. In recent years, technologies such as optogenetics and RNA-sequencing have been developed, which alongside the more traditional use of animal neuropathic pain models and insights from genetic variations in humans have enabled significant advances to be made in the mechanistic understanding of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewan St John Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK.
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223
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Racemic X-ray structure of L-type calcium channel antagonist Calciseptine prepared by total chemical synthesis. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-017-9198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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224
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Oyrer J, Maljevic S, Scheffer IE, Berkovic SF, Petrou S, Reid CA. Ion Channels in Genetic Epilepsy: From Genes and Mechanisms to Disease-Targeted Therapies. Pharmacol Rev 2018; 70:142-173. [PMID: 29263209 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.014456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common and serious neurologic disease with a strong genetic component. Genetic studies have identified an increasing collection of disease-causing genes. The impact of these genetic discoveries is wide reaching-from precise diagnosis and classification of syndromes to the discovery and validation of new drug targets and the development of disease-targeted therapeutic strategies. About 25% of genes identified in epilepsy encode ion channels. Much of our understanding of disease mechanisms comes from work focused on this class of protein. In this study, we review the genetic, molecular, and physiologic evidence supporting the pathogenic role of a number of different voltage- and ligand-activated ion channels in genetic epilepsy. We also review proposed disease mechanisms for each ion channel and highlight targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Oyrer
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia (J.O., S.M., I.E.S., S.P., C.A.R.); Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg West, Melbourne, Australia (I.E.S., S.F.B.); and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (I.E.S.)
| | - Snezana Maljevic
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia (J.O., S.M., I.E.S., S.P., C.A.R.); Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg West, Melbourne, Australia (I.E.S., S.F.B.); and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (I.E.S.)
| | - Ingrid E Scheffer
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia (J.O., S.M., I.E.S., S.P., C.A.R.); Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg West, Melbourne, Australia (I.E.S., S.F.B.); and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (I.E.S.)
| | - Samuel F Berkovic
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia (J.O., S.M., I.E.S., S.P., C.A.R.); Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg West, Melbourne, Australia (I.E.S., S.F.B.); and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (I.E.S.)
| | - Steven Petrou
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia (J.O., S.M., I.E.S., S.P., C.A.R.); Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg West, Melbourne, Australia (I.E.S., S.F.B.); and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (I.E.S.)
| | - Christopher A Reid
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia (J.O., S.M., I.E.S., S.P., C.A.R.); Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg West, Melbourne, Australia (I.E.S., S.F.B.); and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (I.E.S.)
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225
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González-Ramírez R, Felix R. Transcriptional regulation of voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28371478 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional regulation of voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV ) channels is an emerging research area that promises to improve our understanding of how many relevant physiological events are shaped in the central nervous system, the skeletal muscle and other tissues. Interestingly, a picture of how transcription of CaV channel subunit genes is controlled is evolving with the identification of the promoter regions required for tissue-specific expression and the identification of transcription factors that control their expression. These promoters share several characteristics that include multiple transcriptional start sites, lack of a TATA box and the presence of elements conferring tissue-selective expression. Likewise, changes in CaV channel expression occur throughout development, following ischaemia, seizures or chronic drug administration. This review focuses on insights achieved regarding the control of CaV channel gene expression. To further understand the complexities of expression and to increase the possibilities of detecting CaV channel alterations causing human disease, a deeper knowledge on the structure of the 5' upstream regions of the genes encoding these remarkable proteins will be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. González-Ramírez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular e Histocompatibilidad; Hospital General ‘Dr. Manuel Gea González’; Secretaría de Salud; Ciudad de México México
| | - R. Felix
- Departmento de Biología Celular; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav-IPN); Ciudad de México México
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226
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Annecchino LA, Schultz SR. Progress in automating patch clamp cellular physiology. Brain Neurosci Adv 2018; 2:2398212818776561. [PMID: 32166142 PMCID: PMC7058203 DOI: 10.1177/2398212818776561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Patch clamp electrophysiology has transformed research in the life sciences over the last few decades. Since their inception, automatic patch clamp platforms have evolved considerably, demonstrating the capability to address both voltage- and ligand-gated channels, and showing the potential to play a pivotal role in drug discovery and biomedical research. Unfortunately, the cell suspension assays to which early systems were limited cannot recreate biologically relevant cellular environments, or capture higher order aspects of synaptic physiology and network dynamics. In vivo patch clamp electrophysiology has the potential to yield more biologically complex information and be especially useful in reverse engineering the molecular and cellular mechanisms of single-cell and network neuronal computation, while capturing important aspects of human disease mechanisms and possible therapeutic strategies. Unfortunately, it is a difficult procedure with a steep learning curve, which has restricted dissemination of the technique. Luckily, in vivo patch clamp electrophysiology seems particularly amenable to robotic automation. In this review, we document the development of automated patch clamp technology, from early systems based on multi-well plates through to automated planar-array platforms, and modern robotic platforms capable of performing two-photon targeted whole-cell electrophysiological recordings in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca A. Annecchino
- Centre for Neurotechnology and Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Simon R. Schultz
- Centre for Neurotechnology and Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
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227
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Qi C, Lin J, Fu LH, Huang P. Calcium-based biomaterials for diagnosis, treatment, and theranostics. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:357-403. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00746e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-based biomaterials with good biosafety and bio-absorbability are promising for biomedical applications such as diagnosis, treatment, and theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Qi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical
- Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Health Science Center
| | - Jing Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical
- Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Health Science Center
| | - Lian-Hua Fu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical
- Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Health Science Center
| | - Peng Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical
- Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Health Science Center
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228
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Abstract
Much progress has been made in understanding the molecular physiology and pharmacology of calcium channels. Recently, there have been tremendous advances in learning about calcium channel structure and function through crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy studies. Here, I will give an overview of our knowledge about calcium channels, and highlight two recent studies that give important insights into calcium channel structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald W. Zamponi
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute
and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Cumming
School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
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229
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Martínez-Rivera A, Hao J, Tropea TF, Giordano TP, Kosovsky M, Rice RC, Lee A, Huganir RL, Striessnig J, Addy NA, Han S, Rajadhyaksha AM. Enhancing VTA Ca v1.3 L-type Ca 2+ channel activity promotes cocaine and mood-related behaviors via overlapping AMPA receptor mechanisms in the nucleus accumbens. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:1735-1745. [PMID: 28194001 PMCID: PMC5555837 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic factors significantly influence susceptibility for substance abuse and mood disorders. Rodent studies have begun to elucidate a role of Cav1.3 L-type Ca2+ channels in neuropsychiatric-related behaviors, such as addictive and depressive-like behaviors. Human studies have also linked the CACNA1D gene, which codes for the Cav1.3 protein, with bipolar disorder. However, the neurocircuitry and the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of Cav1.3 in neuropsychiatric phenotypes are not well established. In the present study, we directly manipulated Cav1.3 channels in Cav1.2 dihydropyridine insensitive mutant mice and found that ventral tegmental area (VTA) Cav1.3 channels mediate cocaine-related and depressive-like behavior through a common nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell calcium-permeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (CP-AMPAR) mechanism that requires GluA1 phosphorylation at S831. Selective activation of VTA Cav1.3 with (±)-BayK-8644 (BayK) enhanced cocaine conditioned place preference and cocaine psychomotor activity while inducing depressive-like behavior, an effect not observed in S831A phospho-mutant mice. Infusion of the CP-AMPAR-specific blocker Naspm into the NAc shell reversed the cocaine and depressive-like phenotypes. In addition, activation of VTA Cav1.3 channels resulted in social behavioral deficits. In contrast to the cocaine- and depression-related phenotypes, GluA1/A2 AMPARs in the NAc core mediated social deficits, independent of S831-GluA1 phosphorylation. Using a candidate gene analysis approach, we also identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the CACNA1D gene associated with cocaine dependence in human subjects. Together, our findings reveal novel, overlapping mechanisms through which VTA Cav1.3 mediates cocaine-related, depressive-like and social phenotypes, suggesting that Cav1.3 may serve as a target for the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene Martínez-Rivera
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jin Hao
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas F. Tropea
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas P. Giordano
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Kosovsky
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard C. Rice
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy Lee
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Richard L. Huganir
- Department of Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joerg Striessnig
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nii A. Addy
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale Graduate School of Arts and Science, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shizhong Han
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Anjali M. Rajadhyaksha
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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230
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Bezençon O, Heidmann B, Siegrist R, Stamm S, Richard S, Pozzi D, Corminboeuf O, Roch C, Kessler M, Ertel EA, Reymond I, Pfeifer T, de Kanter R, Toeroek-Schafroth M, Moccia LG, Mawet J, Moon R, Rey M, Capeleto B, Fournier E. Discovery of a Potent, Selective T-type Calcium Channel Blocker as a Drug Candidate for the Treatment of Generalized Epilepsies. J Med Chem 2017; 60:9769-9789. [PMID: 29116786 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We report here the discovery and pharmacological characterization of N-(1-benzyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-2-phenylacetamide derivatives as potent, selective, brain-penetrating T-type calcium channel blockers. Optimization focused mainly on solubility, brain penetration, and the search for an aminopyrazole metabolite that would be negative in an Ames test. This resulted in the preparation and complete characterization of compound 66b (ACT-709478), which has been selected as a clinical candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Bezençon
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Bibia Heidmann
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Romain Siegrist
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Simon Stamm
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Richard
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Davide Pozzi
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Corminboeuf
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Roch
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Kessler
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Eric A Ertel
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Reymond
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pfeifer
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Ruben de Kanter
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Michael Toeroek-Schafroth
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Luca G Moccia
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Mawet
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Richard Moon
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Markus Rey
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Capeleto
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Elvire Fournier
- Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology & Pre-clinical Development, Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. , Hegenheimermattweg 91, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
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231
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Neuroprotective and Neuro-restorative Effects of Minocycline and Rasagiline in a Zebrafish 6-Hydroxydopamine Model of Parkinson's Disease. Neuroscience 2017; 367:34-46. [PMID: 29079063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a common, debilitating, neurodegenerative disorder for which the current gold standard treatment, levodopa (L-DOPA) is symptomatic. There is an urgent, unmet need for neuroprotective or, ideally, neuro-restorative drugs. We describe a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) zebrafish model to screen drugs for neuroprotective and neuro-restorative capacity. Zebrafish larvae at two days post fertilization were exposed to 6-OHDA for three days, with co-administration of test drugs for neuroprotection experiments, or for 32 h, with subsequent treatment with test drugs for neuro-restoration experiments. Locomotor activity was assessed by automated tracking and dopaminergic neurons were visualized by tyrosine hydroxylase immuno-histochemistry. Exposure to 6-OHDA for either 32 h or 3 days induced similar, significant locomotor deficits and neuronal loss in 5-day-old larvae. L-DOPA (1 mM) partially restored locomotor activity, but was neither neuroprotective nor neuro-restorative, mirroring the clinical situation. The calcium channel blocker, isradipine (1 µM) did not prevent or reverse 6-OHDA-induced locomotor deficit or neuronal loss. However, both the tetracycline analog, minocycline (10 µM), and the monoamine oxidase B inhibitor, rasagiline (1 µM), prevented the locomotor deficits and neuronal loss due to three-day 6-OHDA exposure. Importantly, they also reversed the locomotor deficit caused by prior exposure to 6-OHDA; rasagiline also reversed neuronal loss and minocycline partially restored neuronal loss due to prior 6-OHDA, making them candidates for investigation as neuro-restorative treatments for Parkinson's disease. Our findings in zebrafish reflect preliminary clinical findings for rasagiline and minocycline. Thus, we have developed a zebrafish model suitable for high-throughput screening of putative neuroprotective and neuro-restorative therapies for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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232
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Gambeta E, Kopruszinski CM, dos Reis RC, Zanoveli JM, Chichorro JG. Facial pain and anxiety-like behavior are reduced by pregabalin in a model of facial carcinoma in rats. Neuropharmacology 2017; 125:263-271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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233
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Effects of anti-epileptic drugs on spreading depolarization-induced epileptiform activity in mouse hippocampal slices. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11884. [PMID: 28928441 PMCID: PMC5605655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12346-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy and spreading depolarization (SD) are both episodic brain disorders and often exist together in the same individual. In CA1 pyramidal neurons of mouse hippocampal slices, induction of SD evoked epileptiform activities, including the ictal-like bursts, which occurred during the repolarizing phase of SD, and the subsequent generation of paroxysmal depolarization shifts (PDSs), which are characterized by mild depolarization plateau with overriding spikes. The duration of the ictal-like activity was correlated with both the recovery time and the depolarization potential of SD, whereas the parameters of PDSs were not significantly correlated with the parameters of SD. Moreover, we systematically evaluated the effects of multiple anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) on SD-induced epileptiform activity. Among the drugs that are known to inhibit voltage-gated sodium channels, carbamazepine, phenytoin, valproate, lamotrigine, and zonisamide reduced the frequency of PDSs and the overriding firing bursts in 20–25 min after the induction of SD. The GABA uptake inhibitor tiagabine exhibited moderate effects and partially limited the incidence of PDSs after SD. AEDs including gabapentin, levetiracetam, ethosuximide, felbamate, and vigabatrin, had no significant effect on SD-induced epileptic activity. Taken together, these results demonstrate the effects of AEDs on SD and the related epileptiform activity at the cellular level.
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234
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Santolini I, Celli R, Cannella M, Imbriglio T, Guiducci M, Parisi P, Schubert J, Iacomino M, Zara F, Lerche H, Moyanova S, Ngomba RT, van Luijtelaar G, Battaglia G, Bruno V, Striano P, Nicoletti F. Alterations in the α 2 δ ligand, thrombospondin-1, in a rat model of spontaneous absence epilepsy and in patients with idiopathic/genetic generalized epilepsies. Epilepsia 2017; 58:1993-2001. [PMID: 28913875 DOI: 10.1111/epi.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thrombospondins, which are known to interact with the α2 δ subunit of voltage-sensitive calcium channels to stimulate the formation of excitatory synapses, have recently been implicated in the process of epileptogenesis. No studies have been so far performed on thrombospondins in models of absence epilepsy. We examined whether expression of the gene encoding for thrombospondin-1 was altered in the brain of WAG/Rij rats, which model absence epilepsy in humans. In addition, we examined the frequency of genetic variants of THBS1 in a large cohort of children affected by idiopathic/genetic generalized epilepsies (IGE/GGEs). METHODS We measured the transcripts of thrombospondin-1 and α2 δ subunit, and protein levels of α2 δ, Rab3A, and the vesicular glutamate transporter, VGLUT1, in the somatosensory cortex and ventrobasal thalamus of presymptomatic and symptomatic WAG/Rij rats and in two control strains by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunoblotting. We examined the genetic variants of THBS1 and CACNA2D1 in two independent cohorts of patients affected by IGE/GGE recruited through the Genetic Commission of the Italian League Against Epilepsy (LICE) and the EuroEPINOMICS-CoGIE Consortium. RESULTS Thrombospondin-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were largely reduced in the ventrobasal thalamus of both presymptomatic and symptomatic WAG/Rij rats, whereas levels in the somatosensory cortex were unchanged. VGLUT1 protein levels were also reduced in the ventrobasal thalamus of WAG/Rij rats. Genetic variants of THBS1 were significantly more frequent in patients affected by IGE/GGE than in nonepileptic controls, whereas the frequency of CACNA2D1 was unchanged. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that thrombospondin-1 may have a role in the pathogenesis of IGE/GGEs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michela Guiducci
- Departments of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Parisi
- Departments of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Julian Schubert
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michele Iacomino
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Holger Lerche
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Valeria Bruno
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, "G. Gaslini" Institute, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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235
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Proft J, Rzhepetskyy Y, Lazniewska J, Zhang FX, Cain SM, Snutch TP, Zamponi GW, Weiss N. The Cacna1h mutation in the GAERS model of absence epilepsy enhances T-type Ca 2+ currents by altering calnexin-dependent trafficking of Ca v3.2 channels. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11513. [PMID: 28912545 PMCID: PMC5599688 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11591-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-voltage-activated T-type calcium channels are essential contributors to the functioning of thalamocortical neurons by supporting burst-firing mode of action potentials. Enhanced T-type calcium conductance has been reported in the Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rat from Strasbourg (GAERS) and proposed to be causally related to the overall development of absence seizure activity. Here, we show that calnexin, an endoplasmic reticulum integral membrane protein, interacts with the III-IV linker region of the Cav3.2 channel to modulate the sorting of the channel to the cell surface. We demonstrate that the GAERS missense mutation located in the Cav3.2 III-IV linker alters the Cav3.2/calnexin interaction, resulting in an increased surface expression of the channel and a concomitant elevation in calcium influx. Our study reveals a novel mechanism that controls the expression of T-type channels, and provides a molecular explanation for the enhancement of T-type calcium conductance in GAERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Proft
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Yuriy Rzhepetskyy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Joanna Lazniewska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fang-Xiong Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Stuart M Cain
- Michael Smith Laboratories and the Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Terrance P Snutch
- Michael Smith Laboratories and the Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Norbert Weiss
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.
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236
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Asmara H, Micu I, Rizwan AP, Sahu G, Simms BA, Zhang FX, Engbers JDT, Stys PK, Zamponi GW, Turner RW. A T-type channel-calmodulin complex triggers αCaMKII activation. Mol Brain 2017; 10:37. [PMID: 28800734 PMCID: PMC5553682 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-017-0317-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) is an important signaling molecule that regulates a vast array of cellular functions by activating second messengers involved in cell function and plasticity. Low voltage-activated calcium channels of the Cav3 family have the important role of mediating low threshold calcium influx, but were not believed to interact with CaM. We find a constitutive association between CaM and the Cav3.1 channel at rest that is lost through an activity-dependent and Cav3.1 calcium-dependent CaM dissociation. Moreover, Cav3 calcium influx is sufficient to activate αCaMKII in the cytoplasm in a manner that depends on an intact Cav3.1 C-terminus needed to support the CaM interaction. Our findings thus establish that T-type channel calcium influx invokes a novel dynamic interaction between CaM and Cav3.1 channels to trigger a signaling cascade that leads to αCaMKII activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadhimulya Asmara
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ileana Micu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Arsalan P Rizwan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Giriraj Sahu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Brett A Simms
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Fang-Xiong Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jordan D T Engbers
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Peter K Stys
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ray W Turner
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada. .,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada. .,HRIC 1AA14, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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237
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SUMOylation and calcium signalling: potential roles in the brain and beyond. Neuronal Signal 2017; 1:NS20160010. [PMID: 32714579 PMCID: PMC7373246 DOI: 10.1042/ns20160010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) conjugation (or SUMOylation) is a post-translational protein modification implicated in alterations to protein expression, localization and function. Despite a number of nuclear roles for SUMO being well characterized, this process has only started to be explored in relation to membrane proteins, such as ion channels. Calcium ion (Ca2+) signalling is crucial for the normal functioning of cells and is also involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying relevant neurological and cardiovascular diseases. Intracellular Ca2+ levels are tightly regulated; at rest, most Ca2+ is retained in organelles, such as the sarcoplasmic reticulum, or in the extracellular space, whereas depolarization triggers a series of events leading to Ca2+ entry, followed by extrusion and reuptake. The mechanisms that maintain Ca2+ homoeostasis are candidates for modulation at the post-translational level. Here, we review the effects of protein SUMOylation, including Ca2+ channels, their proteome and other proteins associated with Ca2+ signalling, on vital cellular functions, such as neurotransmission within the central nervous system (CNS) and in additional systems, most prominently here, in the cardiac system.
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238
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Kabir ZD, Martínez-Rivera A, Rajadhyaksha AM. From Gene to Behavior: L-Type Calcium Channel Mechanisms Underlying Neuropsychiatric Symptoms. Neurotherapeutics 2017; 14:588-613. [PMID: 28497380 PMCID: PMC5509628 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-017-0532-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) Cav1.2 and Cav1.3, encoded by the CACNA1C and CACNA1D genes, respectively, are important regulators of calcium influx into cells and are critical for normal brain development and plasticity. In humans, CACNA1C has emerged as one of the most widely reproduced and prominent candidate risk genes for a range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Separately, CACNA1D has been found to be associated with BD and autism spectrum disorder, as well as cocaine dependence, a comorbid feature associated with psychiatric disorders. Despite growing evidence of a significant link between CACNA1C and CACNA1D and psychiatric disorders, our understanding of the biological mechanisms by which these LTCCs mediate neuropsychiatric-associated endophenotypes, many of which are shared across the different disorders, remains rudimentary. Clinical studies with LTCC blockers testing their efficacy to alleviate symptoms associated with BD, SCZ, and drug dependence have provided mixed results, underscoring the importance of further exploring the neurobiological consequences of dysregulated Cav1.2 and Cav1.3. Here, we provide a review of clinical studies that have evaluated LTCC blockers for BD, SCZ, and drug dependence-associated symptoms, as well as rodent studies that have identified Cav1.2- and Cav1.3-specific molecular and cellular cascades that underlie mood (anxiety, depression), social behavior, cognition, and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeba D Kabir
- Pediatric Neurology, Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Autism Research Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arlene Martínez-Rivera
- Pediatric Neurology, Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Autism Research Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anjali M Rajadhyaksha
- Pediatric Neurology, Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Weill Cornell Autism Research Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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239
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Yin X, Bizon C, Tilson J, Lin Y, Gizer IR, Ehlers CL, Wilhelmsen KC. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies a novel susceptibility signal at CACNA2D3 for nicotine dependence. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2017; 174:557-567. [PMID: 28440896 PMCID: PMC5656555 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine dependence (ND) has a reported heritability of 40-70%. Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing was conducted in 1,889 samples from the UCSF Family study. Linear mixed models were used to conduct genome-wide association (GWA) tests of ND in this and five cohorts obtained from the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes. Fixed-effect meta-analysis was carried out separately for European (n = 14,713) and African (n = 3,369) participants, and then in a combined analysis of both ancestral groups. The meta-analysis of African participants identified a significant and novel susceptibility signal (rs56247223; p = 4.11 × 10-8 ). Data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) study suggested the protective allele is associated with reduced mRNA expression of CACNA2D3 in three human brain tissues (p < 4.94 × 10-2 ). Sequence data from the UCSF Family study suggested that a rare nonsynonymous variant in this gene conferred increased risk for ND (p = 0.01) providing further support for CACNA2D3 involvement in ND. Suggestive associations were observed in six additional regions in both European and merged populations (p < 5.00 × 10-6 ). The top variants were found to regulate mRNA expression levels of genes in human brains using GTEx data (p < 0.05): HAX1 and CHRNB2 (rs1760803), ADAMTSL1 (rs17198023), PEX2 (rs12680810), GLIS3 (rs12348139), non-coding RNA for LINC00476 (rs10759883), and GABBR1 (rs56020557 and rs62392942). A gene-based association test further supported the relation between GABBR1 and ND (p = 6.36 × 10-7 ). These findings will inform the biological mechanisms and development of therapeutic targets for ND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyong Yin
- Department of Genetics, and Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road 5000 D, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, United States
| | - Chris Bizon
- Department of Genetics, and Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road 5000 D, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, United States
| | - Jeffrey Tilson
- Department of Genetics, and Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road 5000 D, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, United States
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Genetics, and Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road 5000 D, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, United States
| | - Ian R. Gizer
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, 210 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Cindy L. Ehlers
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Kirk C. Wilhelmsen
- Department of Genetics, and Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road 5000 D, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, United States,Correspondence to: Kirk C. Wilhelmsen, MD, PhD, Department of Genetics, and Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road 5000 D, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA. Tel: 1-919-966-1373; Fax: 1-919-843-4682;
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240
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Rivas-Ramirez P, Gadotti VM, Zamponi GW, Weiss N. Surfen is a broad-spectrum calcium channel inhibitor with analgesic properties in mouse models of acute and chronic inflammatory pain. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:1325-1334. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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241
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Findeisen F, Campiglio M, Jo H, Abderemane-Ali F, Rumpf CH, Pope L, Rossen ND, Flucher BE, DeGrado WF, Minor DL. Stapled Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel (Ca V) α-Interaction Domain (AID) Peptides Act As Selective Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors of Ca V Function. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1313-1326. [PMID: 28278376 PMCID: PMC5481814 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
For many voltage-gated
ion channels (VGICs), creation of a properly functioning ion channel
requires the formation of specific protein–protein interactions
between the transmembrane pore-forming subunits and cystoplasmic accessory
subunits. Despite the importance of such protein–protein interactions
in VGIC function and assembly, their potential as sites for VGIC modulator
development has been largely overlooked. Here, we develop meta-xylyl (m-xylyl) stapled peptides that
target a prototypic VGIC high affinity protein–protein interaction,
the interaction between the voltage-gated calcium channel (CaV) pore-forming subunit α-interaction domain (AID) and
cytoplasmic β-subunit (CaVβ). We show using
circular dichroism spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and isothermal
titration calorimetry that the m-xylyl staples enhance
AID helix formation are structurally compatible with native-like AID:CaVβ interactions and reduce the entropic penalty associated
with AID binding to CaVβ. Importantly, electrophysiological
studies reveal that stapled AID peptides act as effective inhibitors
of the CaVα1:CaVβ interaction
that modulate CaV function in an CaVβ
isoform-selective manner. Together, our studies provide a proof-of-concept
demonstration of the use of protein–protein interaction inhibitors
to control VGIC function and point to strategies for improved AID-based
CaV modulator design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel L. Minor
- Molecular Biophysics & Integrated Imaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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242
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Abstract
Acute and chronic pain complaints, although common, are generally poorly served by existing therapies. This unmet clinical need reflects a failure to develop novel classes of analgesics with superior efficacy, diminished adverse effects and a lower abuse liability than those currently available. Reasons for this include the heterogeneity of clinical pain conditions, the complexity and diversity of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, and the unreliability of some preclinical pain models. However, recent advances in our understanding of the neurobiology of pain are beginning to offer opportunities for developing novel therapeutic strategies and revisiting existing targets, including modulating ion channels, enzymes and G-protein-coupled receptors.
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243
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Park CG, Suh BC. The HOOK region of β subunits controls gating of voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels by electrostatically interacting with plasma membrane. Channels (Austin) 2017; 11:467-475. [PMID: 28569643 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2017.1335841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we showed that the HOOK region of the β2 subunit electrostatically interacts with the plasma membrane and regulates the current inactivation and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) sensitivity of voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV) 2.2 channels. Here, we report that voltage-dependent gating and current density of the CaV2.2 channels are also regulated by the HOOK region of the β2 subunit. The HOOK region can be divided into 3 domains: S (polyserine), A (polyacidic), and B (polybasic). We found that the A domain shifted the voltage-dependent inactivation and activation of CaV2.2 channels to more hyperpolarized and depolarized voltages, respectively, whereas the B domain evoked these responses in the opposite directions. In addition, the A domain decreased the current density of the CaV2.2 channels, while the B domain increased it. Together, our data demonstrate that the flexible HOOK region of the β2 subunit plays an important role in determining the overall CaV channel gating properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheon-Gyu Park
- a Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences , DGIST , Daegu , South Korea
| | - Byung-Chang Suh
- a Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences , DGIST , Daegu , South Korea
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244
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Abstract
Across all kingdoms in the tree of life, calcium (Ca2+) is an essential element used by cells to respond and adapt to constantly changing environments. In multicellular organisms, it plays fundamental roles during fertilization, development and adulthood. The inability of cells to regulate Ca2+ can lead to pathological conditions that ultimately culminate in cell death. One such pathological condition is manifested in Parkinson's disease, the second most common neurological disorder in humans, which is characterized by the aggregation of the protein, α-synuclein. This Review discusses current evidence that implicates Ca2+ in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Understanding the mechanisms by which Ca2+ signaling contributes to the progression of this disease will be crucial for the development of effective therapies to combat this devastating neurological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia V Zaichick
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kaitlyn M McGrath
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Gabriela Caraveo
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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245
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Liu Y, Harding M, Dore J, Chen X. Ca v1.2, but not Ca v1.3, L-type calcium channel subtype mediates nicotine-induced conditioned place preference in mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 75:176-182. [PMID: 28185965 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine use is one of the most common forms of drug addiction. Although L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) are involved in nicotine addiction, the contribution of the two primary LTCC subtypes (Cav1.2 and 1.3) is unknown. This study aims to determine the contribution of these two LTCC subtypes to nicotine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) responses by using transgenic mouse models that do not express Cav1.3 (Cav1.3-/-) or contain a mutation in the dihydropyridine (DHP) site of the Cav1.2 (Cav1.2DHP-/-). We found a hyperbolic dose dependent nicotine (0.1-1mg/kg; 0.5mg/kg optimum) effect on place preference in wild type (WT) mice, that could be prevented by the DHP LTCC blocker nifedipine pretreatment. Similarly, Cav1.3-/- mice showed nicotine-induced place preference which was antagonized by nifedipine. In contrast, nifedipine pretreatment of Cav1.2DHP-/- mice had no effect on nicotine-induced CPP responses, suggesting an involvement of Cav1.2 subtype in the nicotine-induced CPP response. Nifedipine alone failed to produce either conditioned place aversion or CPP in WT mice. These results collectively indicate Cav1.2, but not Cav1.3 LTCC subtype regulates, at least in part, the reinforcing effects of nicotine use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Liu
- Department of Neuroendocrine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Meghan Harding
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Jules Dore
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Xihua Chen
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
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246
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Netirojjanakul C, Miranda LP. Progress and challenges in the optimization of toxin peptides for development as pain therapeutics. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017; 38:70-79. [PMID: 28376346 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The number of new toxin peptide discoveries has been rapidly growing in the past few decades. Because of progress in proteomics, sequencing technologies, and high throughput bioassays, the search for new toxin peptides from venom collections and potency optimization has become manageable. However, to date, only six toxin peptide-derived therapeutics have been approved by the USFDA, with only one, ziconotide, for a pain indication. The challenge of venom-derived peptide therapeutic development remains in improving selectivity to the target and more importantly, in delivery of these peptides to the sites of action in the central and peripheral nervous system. In this review, we highlight peptide toxins that target major therapeutic targets for pain and discuss the challenges of developing toxin peptides as potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chawita Netirojjanakul
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
| | - Les P Miranda
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
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247
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K + Channel Modulatory Subunits KChIP and DPP Participate in Kv4-Mediated Mechanical Pain Control. J Neurosci 2017; 37:4391-4404. [PMID: 28330877 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1619-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The K+ channel pore-forming subunit Kv4.3 is expressed in a subset of nonpeptidergic nociceptors within the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and knockdown of Kv4.3 selectively induces mechanical hypersensitivity, a major symptom of neuropathic pain. K+ channel modulatory subunits KChIP1, KChIP2, and DPP10 are coexpressed in Kv4.3+ DRG neurons, but whether they participate in Kv4.3-mediated pain control is unknown. Here, we show the existence of a Kv4.3/KChIP1/KChIP2/DPP10 complex (abbreviated as the Kv4 complex) in the endoplasmic reticulum and cell surface of DRG neurons. After intrathecal injection of a gene-specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to knock down the expression of each component in the Kv4 complex, mechanical hypersensitivity develops in the hindlimbs of rats in parallel with a reduction in all components in the lumbar DRGs. Electrophysiological data further indicate that the excitability of nonpeptidergic nociceptors is enhanced. The expression of all Kv4 complex components in DRG neurons is downregulated following spinal nerve ligation (SNL). To rescue Kv4 complex downregulation, cDNA constructs encoding Kv4.3, KChIP1, and DPP10 were transfected into the injured DRGs (defined as DRGs with injured spinal nerves) of living SNL rats. SNL-evoked mechanical hypersensitivity was attenuated, accompanied by a partial recovery of Kv4.3, KChIP1, and DPP10 surface levels in the injured DRGs. By showing an interdependent regulation among components in the Kv4 complex, this study demonstrates that K+ channel modulatory subunits KChIP1, KChIP2, and DPP10 participate in Kv4.3-mediated mechanical pain control. Thus, these modulatory subunits could be potential drug targets for neuropathic pain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neuropathic pain, a type of moderate to severe chronic pain resulting from nerve injury or disorder, affects 6.9%-10% of the global population. However, less than half of patients report satisfactory pain relief from current treatments. K+ channels, which act to reduce nociceptor activity, have been suggested to be novel drug targets for neuropathic pain. This study is the first to show that K+ channel modulatory subunits KChIP1, KChIP2, and DPP10 are potential drug targets for neuropathic pain because they form a channel complex with the K+ channel pore-forming subunit Kv4.3 in a subset of nociceptors to selectively inhibit mechanical hypersensitivity, a major symptom of neuropathic pain.
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248
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Sustained relief of ongoing experimental neuropathic pain by a CRMP2 peptide aptamer with low abuse potential. Pain 2017; 157:2124-2140. [PMID: 27537210 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Uncoupling the protein-protein interaction between collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) and N-type voltage-gated calcium channel (CaV2.2) with an allosteric CRMP2-derived peptide (CBD3) is antinociceptive in rodent models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. We investigated the efficacy, duration of action, abuse potential, and neurobehavioral toxicity of an improved mutant CRMP2 peptide. A homopolyarginine (R9)-conjugated CBD3-A6K (R9-CBD3-A6K) peptide inhibited the CaV2.2-CRMP2 interaction in a concentration-dependent fashion and diminished surface expression of CaV2.2 and depolarization-evoked Ca influx in rat dorsal root ganglia neurons. In vitro studies demonstrated suppression of excitability of small-to-medium diameter dorsal root ganglion and inhibition of subtypes of voltage-gated Ca channels. Sprague-Dawley rats with tibial nerve injury had profound and long-lasting tactile allodynia and ongoing pain. Immediate administration of R9-CBD3-A6K produced enhanced dopamine release from the nucleus accumbens shell selectively in injured animals, consistent with relief of ongoing pain. R9-CBD3-A6K, when administered repeatedly into the central nervous system ventricles of naive rats, did not result in a positive conditioned place preference demonstrating a lack of abusive liability. Continuous subcutaneous infusion of R9-CBD3-A6K over a 24- to 72-hour period reversed tactile allodynia and ongoing pain, demonstrating a lack of tolerance over this time course. Importantly, continuous infusion of R9-CBD3-A6K did not affect motor activity, anxiety, depression, or memory and learning. Collectively, these results validate the potential therapeutic significance of targeting the CaV-CRMP2 axis for treatment of neuropathic pain.
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249
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel N3- substituted dihydropyrimidine derivatives as T-type calcium channel blockers and their efficacy as analgesics in mouse models of inflammatory pain. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1926-1938. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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250
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Völkening B, Schönig K, Kronenberg G, Bartsch D, Weber T. Deletion of psychiatric risk geneCacna1cimpairs hippocampal neurogenesis in cell-autonomous fashion. Glia 2017; 65:817-827. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.23128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Völkening
- Department of Molecular Biology; Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University; J5 Mannheim 68159 Germany
| | - Kai Schönig
- Department of Molecular Biology; Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University; J5 Mannheim 68159 Germany
| | - Golo Kronenberg
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte; Charitéplatz 1 Berlin 10117 Germany
| | - Dusan Bartsch
- Department of Molecular Biology; Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University; J5 Mannheim 68159 Germany
| | - Tillmann Weber
- Department of Molecular Biology; Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University; J5 Mannheim 68159 Germany
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine; Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University; J5 Mannheim 68159 Germany
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