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Paparo L, Nocerino R, Ciaglia E, Di Scala C, De Caro C, Russo R, Trinchese G, Aitoro R, Amoroso A, Bruno C, Di Costanzo M, Passariello A, Messina F, Agangi A, Napolitano M, Voto L, Gatta GD, Pisapia L, Montella F, Mollica MP, Calignano A, Puca A, Berni Canani R. Butyrate as a bioactive human milk protective component against food allergy. Allergy 2021; 76:1398-1415. [PMID: 33043467 PMCID: PMC8247419 DOI: 10.1111/all.14625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergy (FA) is a growing health problem worldwide. Effective strategies are advocated to limit the disease burden. Human milk (HM) could be considered as a protective factor against FA, but its mechanisms remain unclear. Butyrate is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite able to exert several immunomodulatory functions. We aimed to define the butyrate concentration in HM, and to see whether the butyrate concentration detected in HM is able to modulate the mechanisms of immune tolerance. METHODS HM butyrate concentration from 109 healthy women was assessed by GS-MS. The effect of HM butyrate on tolerogenic mechanisms was assessed in in vivo and in vitro models. RESULTS The median butyrate concentration in mature HM was 0.75 mM. This butyrate concentration was responsible for the maximum modulatory effects observed in all experimental models evaluated in this study. Data from mouse model show that in basal condition, butyrate up-regulated the expression of several biomarkers of gut barrier integrity, and of tolerogenic cytokines. Pretreatment with butyrate significantly reduced allergic response in three animal models of FA, with a stimulation of tolerogenic cytokines, inhibition of Th2 cytokines production and a modulation of oxidative stress. Data from human cell models show that butyrate stimulated human beta defensin-3, mucus components and tight junctions expression in human enterocytes, and IL-10, IFN-γ and FoxP3 expression through epigenetic mechanisms in PBMCs from FA children. Furthermore, it promoted the precursors of M2 macrophages, DCs and regulatory T cells. CONCLUSION The study's findings suggest the importance of butyrate as a pivotal HM compound able to protect against FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorella Paparo
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food‐Induced Diseases University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Rita Nocerino
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno Fisciano Italy
| | - Carmen Di Scala
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Carmen De Caro
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | | | - Rosita Aitoro
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Antonio Amoroso
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Cristina Bruno
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Margherita Di Costanzo
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Annalisa Passariello
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology Monaldi Hospital Naples Italy
| | - Francesco Messina
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit "Betania" Evangelical Hospital Naples Italy
| | - Annalisa Agangi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit "Betania" Evangelical Hospital Naples Italy
| | | | - Luana Voto
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Giusy Della Gatta
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Laura Pisapia
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Francesco Montella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno Fisciano Italy
| | | | - Antonio Calignano
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Annibale Puca
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food‐Induced Diseases University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- Cardiovascular Research Unit IRCCS MultiMedica Milan Italy
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food‐Induced Diseases University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- Task Force for Microbiome Studies University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
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202
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Krempski JW, Warren C, Han X, Zhang W, He Z, Lejeune S, Nadeau K. Food Allergies: An Example of Translational Research. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2021; 41:143-163. [PMID: 33863476 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Food allergies have been rising in prevalence since the 1990s, imposing substantial physical, psychosocial, and economic burdens on affected patients and their families. Until recently, the only therapy for food allergy was strict avoidance of the allergenic food. Recent advances in translational studies, however, have led to insights into allergic sensitization and tolerance. This article provides an overview of cutting-edge research into food allergy and immune tolerance mechanisms utilizing mouse models, human studies, and systems biology approaches. This research is being translated and implemented in the clinical setting to improve diagnosis and reduce food allergy's public health burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Walter Krempski
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Christopher Warren
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xiaorui Han
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ziyuan He
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stéphanie Lejeune
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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203
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Effect of Processing on Fish Protein Antigenicity and Allergenicity. Foods 2021; 10:foods10050969. [PMID: 33925068 PMCID: PMC8145695 DOI: 10.3390/foods10050969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish allergy is a life-long food allergy whose prevalence is affected by many demographic factors. Currently, there is no cure for fish allergy, which can only be managed by strict avoidance of fish in the diet. According to the WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee, 12 fish proteins are recognized as allergens. Different processing (thermal and non-thermal) techniques are applied to fish and fishery products to reduce microorganisms, extend shelf life, and alter organoleptic/nutritional properties. In this concise review, the development of a consistent terminology for studying food protein immunogenicity, antigenicity, and allergenicity is proposed. It also summarizes that food processing may lead to a decrease, no change, or even increase in fish antigenicity and allergenicity due to the change of protein solubility, protein denaturation, and the modification of linear or conformational epitopes. Recent studies investigated the effect of processing on fish antigenicity/allergenicity and were mainly conducted on commonly consumed fish species and major fish allergens using in vitro methods. Future research areas such as novel fish species/allergens and ex vivo/in vivo evaluation methods would convey a comprehensive view of the relationship between processing and fish allergy.
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204
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Fan J, Mishra SK. The emerging role of neuroimmune interactions in atopic dermatitis and itch. FEBS J 2021; 289:2723-2735. [PMID: 33811449 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Millions of people globally suffer from allergic diseases, and the cases have been rising in the past decades. One of the major manifestations of allergic diseases is itch, which is an unpleasant symptom that triggers the urge to scratch and greatly affects the quality of life. Thus, research on how sensation of itch is detected/transmitted from the contact of the allergen to the nervous system is crucial in mitigating itch. Recent studies have attempted to elucidate the mechanisms of itch in allergic diseases. Here, we aim to review the endogenous mediators released from immune/nonimmune skin cells (that are indirectly involved in the propagation of itch) and the sensory neurons that express receptors for these itch mediators that are associated with direct transmission of itch in cutaneous allergic diseases. As the mechanisms for allergic itch become clearer, new therapeutic approaches to relieve itch are likely to be developed. Recent clinical trials are testing numerous compounds that target the endogenous mediators and their receptors. These studies provide the possibility of more effective itch treatment for allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fan
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Santosh K Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Program in Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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205
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Fu W, Liu C, Meng X, Tao S, Xue W. Co-culture fermentation of Pediococcus acidilactici XZ31 and yeast for enhanced degradation of wheat allergens. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 347:109190. [PMID: 33836445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous researchers have shown the potential of sourdough and isolated lactic acid bacteria in reducing wheat allergens. As the interactions of lactic acid bacteria with yeast is a key event in sourdough fermentation, we wished to investigate how yeast affects metabolism of lactic acid bacteria, thereby affecting protein degradation and antigenic response. In this study, three strains isolated from sourdough were selected for dough fermentation, namely Pediococcus acidilactici XZ31, Saccharomyces cerevisiae JM1 and Torulaspora delbrueckii JM4. The changes in dough protein during the fermentation process were studied. Protein degradation and antigenic response in dough inoculated with Pediococcus acidilactici XZ31 monoculture and co-culture with yeast were mainly evaluated by SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting, ELISA and Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay. The whole-genome transcriptomic changes in Pediococcus acidilactici XZ31 were also investigated by RNA sequencing. The results showed that water/salt soluble protein and Tri a 28/19 allergens content significantly decreased after 24 h fermentation. Co-culture fermentation accelerated the degradation of protein, and reduced the allergen content to a greater extent. RNA-sequencing analysis further demonstrated that the presence of yeast could promote protein metabolism in Pediococcus acidilactici XZ31 for a certain period of time. These results revealed a synergistic effect between Pediococcus acidilactici XZ31 and yeast degrading wheat allergens, and suggested the potential use of the multi-strain leavening agent for producing hypoallergenic wheat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Fu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenglong Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Sha Tao
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wentong Xue
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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206
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Pi X, Yang Y, Sun Y, Wang X, Wan Y, Fu G, Li X, Cheng J. Food irradiation: a promising technology to produce hypoallergenic food with high quality. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6698-6713. [PMID: 33775183 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1904822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of food allergy cases is a public health problem of global concern. Producing hypoallergenic foods with high quality, low cost, and eco-friendly is a new trend for the food industry in the coming decades. Food irradiation, a non-thermal food processing technology, is a powerful tool to reduce the allergenicity with the above advantages. This review presents a summary of recent studies about food irradiation to reduce the allergenicity of food, including shellfish, soy, peanut, milk, tree nut, egg, wheat and fish. Principles of food irradiation, including mechanisms of allergenicity-reduction, irradiation types and characteristics, are discussed. Specific effects of food irradiation are also evaluated, involving microbial decontamination, improvement or preservation of nutritional value, harmful substances reduction of food products. Furthermore, the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of food irradiation are analyzed. It is concluded that food irradiation is a safety tool to reduce the allergenicity of food effectively, with high nutritional value and long shelf-life, making it a competitive alternative technology to traditional techniques such as heating treatments. Of note, a combination of irradiation with additional processing may be a trend for food irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Pi
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yili Yang
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Center for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxue Sun
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xibo Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yin Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guiming Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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207
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Aktuelle Entwicklungen zur Therapie der Erdnussallergie. ALLERGO JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s15007-021-4774-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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208
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Wang Y, Kong Y, Wu MX. Innovative Systems to Deliver Allergen Powder for Epicutaneous Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:647954. [PMID: 33841430 PMCID: PMC8033039 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.647954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergy is a disorder owing to hyperimmune responses to a particular kind of substance like food and the disease remains a serious healthcare burden worldwide. This unpleasant and sometimes fatal allergic disease has been tackled vigorously by allergen-specific immunotherapy over a century, but the progress made so far is far from satisfactory for some allergies. Herein, we introduce innovative, allergen powder-based epicutaneous immunotherapies (EPIT), which could potentially serve to generate a new stream of technological possibilities that embrace the features of super safety and efficacious immunotherapy by manipulating the plasticity of the skin immune system via sufficient delivery of not only allergens but also tolerogenic adjuvants. We attempt to lay a framework to help understand immune physiology of the skin, epicutaneous delivery of powdered allergy, and potentials for tolerogenic adjuvants. Preclinical and clinical data are reviewed showing that deposition of allergen powder into an array of micropores in the epidermis can confer significant advantages over intradermal or subcutaneous injection of aqueous allergens or other epicutaneous delivery systems to induce immunological responses toward tolerance at little risk of anaphylaxis. Finally, the safety, cost-effectiveness, and acceptability of these novel EPITs are discussed, which offers the perspective of future immunotherapies with all desirable features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yensheng Wang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yifei Kong
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mei X Wu
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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209
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Zhang K, Mirza WA, Ni P, Yu M, Wang C, Wang B, Chang S, Yue L, Zhang R, Duan G. Recombination Lactococcus lactis expressing Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein A attenuates food allergy symptoms in mice. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2021; 368:6179882. [PMID: 33749737 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergy has been a significant public health issue with growing severity, prevalence and limited treatments. The neutrophil-activating protein A subunit (NapA) of Helicobacter pylori has been shown to have therapeutic potential in allergic diseases. METHODS The NapA expression efficiency of recombinant Lactococcus lactis(L.lactis) were determined. The effects of recombinant bacterium on food allergy in Balb/c mice were also investigated. RESULTS NapA were delivered and expressed efficiently via L. lactis. The engineered bacterium ameliorated food allergy symptoms (acute diarrhea and intestinal inflammation) and decreased serum histamine levels. In addition, the secretion of OVA-specific IgG2a, IFN-γ was promoted and the level of IL-4, OVA-specific IgE was restrained. CONCLUSIONS The recombinant strain may attenuate food allergy in mice through immune regulatory effect, which may be a promising approach for preventing or treating food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wajid Ameen Mirza
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Peng Ni
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingyang Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuailei Chang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Limin Yue
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Rongguang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Guangcai Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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210
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Zhou X, Han X, Lyu SC, Bunning B, Kost L, Chang I, Cao S, Sampath V, Nadeau KC. Targeted DNA methylation profiling reveals epigenetic signatures in peanut allergy. JCI Insight 2021; 6:143058. [PMID: 33571165 PMCID: PMC8026193 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.143058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation (DNAm) has been shown to play a role in mediating food allergy; however, the mechanism by which it does so is poorly understood. In this study, we used targeted next-generation bisulfite sequencing to evaluate DNAm levels in 125 targeted highly informative genomic regions containing 602 CpG sites on 70 immune-related genes to understand whether DNAm can differentiate peanut allergy (PA) versus nonallergy (NA). We found PA-associated DNAm signatures associated with 12 genes (7 potentially novel to food allergy, 3 associated with Th1/Th2, and 2 associated with innate immunity), as well as DNAm signature combinations with superior diagnostic potential compared with serum peanut–specific IgE for PA versus NA. Furthermore, we found that, following peanut protein stimulation, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs) from PA participants showed increased production of cognate cytokines compared with NA participants. The varying responses between PA and NA participants may be associated with the interaction between the modification of DNAm and the interference of environment. Using Euclidean distance analysis, we found that the distances of methylation profile comprising 12 DNAm signatures between PA and NA pairs in monozygotic (MZ) twins were smaller than those in randomly paired genetically unrelated individuals, suggesting that PA-related DNAm signatures may be associated with genetic factors.
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211
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Zhang YY, Mo LH, Yang G, Liu JQ, Liu ZQ, Yang LT, Ran PX, Liu ZG, Yang PC. Chimeric antigen-guiding extracellular vesicles eliminate antigen-specific Th2 cells in subjects with food allergy. World Allergy Organ J 2021; 14:100522. [PMID: 33717398 PMCID: PMC7918277 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antigen (Ag)-specific T helper (Th)2 cells play a central role in food allergy (FA) pathogenesis. Methods can be used to eliminate Ag-specific Th2 cells that are currently lacking. This study aims to eliminate the Ag-specific Th2 cells with a novel nanoparticle, the mEV (modified extracellular vesicles, that carry a chimeric antigen peptide, MHC II and caspase 3) in a murine FA model. Methods mEVs were generated by exposing dendritic cells (DC) to ovalbumin (OVA, a specific Ag) and recombinant caspase 3 (Casp3) in the culture overnight. Exosomes were purified from culture supernatant by the magnetic antibody approach. A murine FA model was developed with OVA as the specific Ag. Results Purified mEVs had the molecular markers of extracellular vesicle, CD81, CD63, and CD9, cleaved Casp3 and MHC II/OVA complexes. mEVs specifically bound to the surface of Ag-specific CD4+ T cells, induced Ag-specific CD4+ T cell apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo as well as increased regulatory T cells in the intestinal tissues. Administration of mEV efficiently suppressed experimental FA. Conclusions mEVs carry Ag/MHC II complexes and Casp3, that can induce Ag-specific Th2 cell apoptosis. Administration of mEV can efficiently suppress experimental FA. The results suggest that the mEVs have the translational potential to be used in the treatment of FA and other allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yi Zhang
- Department of Respirology & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Hua Mo
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiang-Qi Liu
- Department of Allergy, Longgang ENT Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of ENT, Institute of ENT, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- Department of Allergy, Longgang ENT Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of ENT, Institute of ENT, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Teng Yang
- Department of Respirology & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pi-Xin Ran
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping-Chang Yang
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen, China
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212
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Abstract
Food allergies are a common medical problem, with children being the most affected patient group. The standard of care of food allergy consists of the acute treatment in case of a reaction and food avoidance in the long term, which influences the quality of life of patients. In this article, current developments for the causal treatment of food allergy including specific immunotherapy and biologics will be discussed. Epicutaneous and oral immunotherapy are currently in clinical development for the treatment of food allergy, and the results demonstrate good tolerability and efficacy with an increase in the oral threshold level. Biologics and, in particular, anti-IgE are currently investigated for their therapeutic use in food allergies. The results are promising, suggesting efficacy and tolerability.
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213
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Çelebioğlu E, Akarsu A, Şahiner ÜM. IgE-mediated food allergy throughout life. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:49-60. [PMID: 32892543 PMCID: PMC7991859 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2006-95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Food allergy (FA) has become an increasing problem throughout the world. Over the last 2 decades, the frequency of FA has increased in both children and adults. The prevalence differs according to the research methodology, age, and geographic regions, ranging between 2.0% and 10.0%. The most common form of FA is immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated FA. In this form, patients may present with life-threatening conditions, such as anaphylaxis, or milder conditions, such as urticaria, angioedema, sneezing, and nausea alone. The gold standard in the diagnosis of FA is oral provocation tests. Epidermal skin prick tests and specific IgE measurements, as well as component-resolved diagnostic techniques are helpful in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients. In this review, the epidemiology, diagnosis, follow-up, and prognosis of IgE-mediated FA in children and adults were discussed and some specific forms of FA, such as pollen FA syndrome, alpha-gal allergy, and food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis were explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Çelebioğlu
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Akarsu
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ümit Murat Şahiner
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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214
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Abstract
Biologics are drugs that are derived or synthesized from biological sources. A particular class are recombinant monoclonal antibodies. Their targeted application against distinct molecules of intercellular communication is of significant relevance in the treatment of tumor, inflammatory, or allergic diseases. But also in the context of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) they can be of special value. This is exemplified by the anti-IgE antibody omalizumab, which allows to achieve allergen tolerance in patients suffering from severe allergic reactions and increased risk of AIT-induced anaphylaxis. Furthermore, omalizumab administration during AIT effectively lowers the rsik of allergic side effects. This is demonstrated by a variety of studies and case reports of patients suffering either form respiratory, food, or insect venom allergy. Besides a direct blocking of IgE-mediated effects, T-cellular immune mechanisms might also be involved. Another interesting option is the applcation of recombinant IgG antibodes directed against specific epitopes of an allergen. Similar to AIT-induced IgG antibodies they can prevent the binding of allergens to IgE-antibodes as well as the hereby elicited allergic reactions.
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215
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Wang L, Jia X, Yu Q, Shen S, Gao Y, Lin X, Zhang W. Piper nigrum extract attenuates food allergy by decreasing Th2 cell response and regulating the Th17/Treg balance. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3214-3225. [PMID: 33595153 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Piper nigrum is extensively utilized because of its antioxidation, antiallergic, antitumor, antiinflammatory, antidiarrhea, and gastrointestinal protection. We attempted to indicate whether the Piper nigrum extract (PNE) could alleviate ovalbumin (OVA)-induced food allergy, and to explore its potential mechanism. An OVA-induced food allergy mouse model was established, and different concentrations of PNE were administrated. Symptoms of food allergy, levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), mucosal mast cell protease-1 (mMCP-1), and intestine pathological changes were assessed. Additionally, the expressions of T helper (Th) 2, Th17 and regulatory T (Treg)-associated cytokines and the proportion of Th17 and Treg cells in CD4+ T cells were measured. We found PNE attenuated symptoms of food allergy and decreased the levels of IgE and mMCP-1. In PNE group, the infiltration degree of inflammatory cells was ameliorated and the villi of small intestine were more complete. Moreover, the expressions of Th2 and Th17 cell-associated cytokines were down-regulated by PNE pretreatment, while the levels of Treg cell-associated cytokines were up-regulated. PNE decreased the number of Th17 cells, while increased the Tregs cells. PNE treatment dose-dependently improved the Th17/Treg balance. PNE plays a protective role in OVA-induced food allergy through inhibiting Th2 cell response and regulating the Th17/Treg balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Jia
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sijia Shen
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuyan Gao
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xixi Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weixi Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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216
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Michelet M, Balbino B, Guilleminault L, Reber LL. IgE in the pathophysiology and therapy of food allergy. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:531-543. [PMID: 33527384 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy is becoming a major public health issue, with no regulatory approved therapy to date. Food allergy symptoms range from skin rash and gastrointestinal symptoms to anaphylaxis, a potentially fatal systemic allergic shock reaction. IgE antibodies are thought to contribute importantly to key features of food allergy and anaphylaxis, and measurement of allergen-specific IgE is fundamental in diagnosing food allergy. This review will discuss recent advances in the regulation of IgE production and IgE repertoires in food allergy. We will describe the current understanding of the role of IgE and its high-affinity receptor FcεRI in food allergy and anaphylaxis, by reviewing insights gained from analyses of mouse models. Finally, we will review data derived from clinical studies of the effect of anti-IgE therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in food allergy, and recent insight on the efficiency and mechanisms through which these mAbs block IgE effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Michelet
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.,Pediatric Pneumo-allergology Department, Children's Hospital, University Hospital Centre of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Bianca Balbino
- Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Institut Pasteur, UMR1222 INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Guilleminault
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.,Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergic Diseases, University Hospital Centre of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent L Reber
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.,Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Institut Pasteur, UMR1222 INSERM, Paris, France
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217
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Effects of Extraction Buffer on the Solubility and Immunoreactivity of the Pacific Oyster Allergens. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020409. [PMID: 33673192 PMCID: PMC7917601 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent technological advances, novel allergenic protein discovery is limited by their low abundance, often due to specific physical characteristics restricting their recovery during the extraction process from various allergen sources. In this study, eight different extraction buffers were compared for their ability to recover proteins from Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). The protein composition was investigated using high resolution mass spectrometry. The antibody IgE-reactivity of each extract was determined using a pool of serum from five shellfish-allergic patients. Most of the investigated buffers showed good capacity to extract proteins from the Pacific oyster. In general, a higher concentration of proteins was recovered using high salt buffers or high pH buffers, subsequently revealing more IgE-reactive bands on immunoblotting. In contrast, low pH buffers resulted in a poor protein recovery and reduced IgE-reactivity. Discovery of additional IgE-reactive proteins in high salt buffers or high pH buffers was associated with an increase in allergen abundance in the extracts. In conclusion, increasing the ionic strength and pH of the buffer improves the solubility of allergenic proteins during the extraction process for oyster tissue. This strategy could also be applied for other difficult-to-extract allergen sources, thereby yielding an improved allergen panel for increased diagnostic efficiency.
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218
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219
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Liu EG, Yin X, Swaminathan A, Eisenbarth SC. Antigen-Presenting Cells in Food Tolerance and Allergy. Front Immunol 2021; 11:616020. [PMID: 33488627 PMCID: PMC7821622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.616020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergy now affects 6%-8% of children in the Western world; despite this, we understand little about why certain people become sensitized to food allergens. The dominant form of food allergy is mediated by food-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies, which can cause a variety of symptoms, including life-threatening anaphylaxis. A central step in this immune response to food antigens that differentiates tolerance from allergy is the initial priming of T cells by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), primarily different types of dendritic cells (DCs). DCs, along with monocyte and macrophage populations, dictate oral tolerance versus allergy by shaping the T cell and subsequent B cell antibody response. A growing body of literature has shed light on the conditions under which antigen presentation occurs and how different types of T cell responses are induced by different APCs. We will review APC subsets in the gut and discuss mechanisms of APC-induced oral tolerance versus allergy to food identified using mouse models and patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise G Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Xiangyun Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Anush Swaminathan
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Stephanie C Eisenbarth
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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220
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Eisenstein AS, Hilliard B, Silwal S, Wang A. Food Allergy: Searching for the Modern Environmental Culprit. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 93:733-747. [PMID: 33380935 PMCID: PMC7757057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy is a modern disease. Its exponential increase in prevalence in the last 70 years cannot be explained by genetic factors alone. In this review we discuss the hypotheses that have been suggested previously, and the evidence that supports them, to explain this rise in prevalence as well as the medical treatments that have developed as a result of basic exploration within these paradigms. We argue that one major area of fruitful exploration that would help generate new ideas may be systematic analyses of the unknown factors of the modern environment that may contribute to the formation of food allergy. Through this lens, we review the current understanding of food allergy pathogenesis and propose novel research directions, with implications for the current strategies for managing food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S. Eisenstein
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Anna Eisenstein, The Anlyan
Center, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519; Tel: 203-500-3918; Fax: 203-785-7053;
. Andrew Wang, The Anlyan Center, 300 Cedar Street, New
Haven, CT, 06519; Tel: 203-785-2454; Fax: 203-785-7053;
| | - Brandon Hilliard
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Andrew Wang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,Department of Medicine (Rheumatology), Yale
University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Anna Eisenstein, The Anlyan
Center, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519; Tel: 203-500-3918; Fax: 203-785-7053;
. Andrew Wang, The Anlyan Center, 300 Cedar Street, New
Haven, CT, 06519; Tel: 203-785-2454; Fax: 203-785-7053;
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221
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AKAY E, YILMAZ İ. Yeni Etiketleme Yönetmeliğine Göre Alerjen Gıdalar ve Sağlık Etkileri. İSTANBUL GELIŞIM ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2020. [DOI: 10.38079/igusabder.741538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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222
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El Ansari YS, Kanagaratham C, Oettgen HC. Mast Cells as Regulators of Adaptive Immune Responses in Food Allergy. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 93:711-718. [PMID: 33380933 PMCID: PMC7757069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells are a critical first line of defense against endogenous and environmental threats. Their participation in innate immunity is well characterized; activation of toll like receptors as well as receptors for complement, adenosine, and a host of other ligands leads to mast cell release of preformed mediators contained within granules along with newly synthesized arachidonic acid metabolites, cytokines, and chemokines. These confer protective effects including the induction of mucus secretion, smooth muscle contraction, and activation of common itch and pain sensations, all of which act to promote expulsion of noxious agents. While their innate immune role as sentinel cells is well established, recent research has brought into focus their separate but also critical function in adaptive immunity particularly in the setting of IgE mediated food allergies. Crosslinking of FcεR1, the high affinity receptor for IgE, when bound to IgE and antigen, triggers the release of the same factors and elicits the same physiologic responses that occur after activation by innate stimuli. Though IgE-activated mast cells are best known for their role in acute allergic reactions, including the most severe manifestation, anaphylaxis, accumulating evidence has suggested an immunoregulatory effect in T cell-mediated immunity, modulating the balance between type 2 immunity and tolerance. In this review, we outline how mast cells act as adjuvants for food antigen driven Th2 cell responses, while curtailing Treg function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen S. El Ansari
- Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School,
Boston, MA,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Philipps University
Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Cynthia Kanagaratham
- Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School,
Boston, MA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, MA
| | - Hans C. Oettgen
- Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School,
Boston, MA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, MA,To whom all correspondence should be addressed:
Hans Oettgen, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;
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223
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Casas ML, Esteban Á, González-Muñoz M, Labrador-Horrillo M, Pascal M, Teniente-Serra A. Proyecto VALIDA: Validation of ALlergy In vitro Diagnostics Assays (Herramientas y recomendaciones para la valoración de las pruebas in vitro en el diagnóstico de la alergia). ADVANCES IN LABORATORY MEDICINE 2020; 1:20200022. [PMCID: PMC10197503 DOI: 10.1515/almed-2020-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
En la evaluación del paciente con sospecha de alergia las pruebas de detección y cuantificación de la inmunoglobulina E (IgE) específica in vitro se usan de manera habitual en los laboratorios clínicos para ayudar en el diagnóstico de la alergia. Actualmente existen diferentes alternativas comerciales para realizar estos ensayos, pero los resultados obtenidos por cada uno de ellos pueden variar, lo que condiciona el diagnóstico y el tratamiento que se le proporcionará al paciente. Con el fin de dar respuesta a los retos planteados por las diferencias entre las distintas técnicas para la determinación in vitro de la IgE específica, un grupo de expertos ha recogido en un documento una serie de recomendaciones sobre las implicaciones que puede tener el uso de una determinada técnica in vitro y el impacto en el manejo del paciente alérgico que suponen las diferencias entre las distintas técnicas. La lectura y el análisis de este documento de consenso ayudarán a entender las implicaciones que tiene el cambio de método de diagnóstico in vitro en el manejo del paciente con alergia, en su calidad de vida y en los costes socioeconómicos asociados a la enfermedad.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L. Casas
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Barcelona, España
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, España
| | - Ángel Esteban
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Barcelona, España
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, España
| | - Miguel González-Muñoz
- Sociedad Española de Inmunología (SEI), Barcelona, España
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
| | - Moisés Labrador-Horrillo
- Sociedad Española de Alergología e Inmunología Clínica (SEAIC), Madrid, España
- Servicio de Alergología, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Mariona Pascal
- Servicio de Alergología, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, España
- Servicio de Inmunología, CDB, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
- Red de Investigación ARADyAL, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Aina Teniente-Serra
- Sociedad Española de Inmunología (SEI), Barcelona, España
- Servicio de Inmunología, LCMN, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, España
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224
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Mahr TA, Lieberman JA, Haselkorn T, Damle V, Ali Y, Chidambaram A, Griffin NM, Sublett JW. Characteristics of Peanut Allergy Diagnosis in a US Health Care Claims Database (2011-2017). THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 9:1683-1694.e5. [PMID: 33346150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peanut allergy is the most common food allergy among children. Studies assessing the burden of peanut allergy in a real-world setting are limited. OBJECTIVE To estimate annual incidence and prevalence of peanut allergy cases among children aged 4 to 17 years and assess severe reaction and associated health care utilization rates. METHODS Patient longitudinal data between January 2011 and December 2017 from a geographically and payer-type representative US health care claims database were used. Peanut allergy cases were identified using diagnostic codes and/or services indicating peanut-allergy-associated severe reactions/anaphylaxis. Estimated annual incidence was defined as peanut-allergic births as a proportion of all 1-year-olds and adjusted for less than 100% data set capture, undercoding, patient underpresenting rates, and spontaneous outgrowth. Prevalence was calculated on the basis of incidence. To assess rates of severe reactions to peanut and associated health care utilization, the cohort of 720,490 peanut allergy cases identified in 2011 was evaluated over a 6-year period from 2011 to 2017. RESULTS Annual incidence increased from 1.7% to 5.2% between 2001 and 2017. Estimated prevalence in 4- to 17-year-olds was 1.25 million (2.2%) in 2017. Atopic comorbidities (asthma, 60.8%; atopic dermatitis, 61.7%) and other food allergies (35.3%) were common. Severe reactions (≥1) were observed in more than half (n = 399,806) the patients, and 37.9% were triggered by an accidental exposure. One in 5 patients (n = 144,883) visited the emergency department due to peanut exposure. CONCLUSIONS Claims data suggest that the incidence and prevalence of peanut allergy in the United States may be increasing. Estimated severe reaction rates and health care utilization were high, suggesting that the burden of peanut allergy may be considerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Mahr
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Gundersen Health System, La Crosse, Wis.
| | - Jay A Lieberman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Allergy, & Immunology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tenn
| | | | - Varsha Damle
- Aimmune Therapeutics, a Nestle Health Science Company, Brisbane, Calif
| | - Yasser Ali
- Aimmune Therapeutics, a Nestle Health Science Company, Brisbane, Calif
| | | | - Noelle M Griffin
- Aimmune Therapeutics, a Nestle Health Science Company, Brisbane, Calif
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225
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Paranjape A, Tsai M, Mukai K, Hoh RA, Joshi SA, Chinthrajah RS, Nadeau KC, Boyd SD, Galli SJ. Oral Immunotherapy and Basophil and Mast Cell Reactivity in Food Allergy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:602660. [PMID: 33381123 PMCID: PMC7768812 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.602660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Basophil activation tests (BATs) can closely monitor, in vitro, a patient’s propensity to develop type I hypersensitivity reactions. Because of their high specificity and sensitivity, BATs have become promising diagnostic tools, especially in cases with equivocal clinical histories, skin prick test results, and/or levels of specific IgE to allergen extracts. BATs also are useful as tools for monitoring the effects of treatment, since oral immunotherapy (OIT) studies report a diminution in patients’ basophil responsiveness over the course of OIT. This review will discuss the BAT findings obtained before, during, and after OIT for food allergy. We will mainly focus on the association of basophil responsiveness, and alterations in basophil surface markers, with clinical outcomes and other clinical features, such as blood levels of specific IgG and IgE antibodies. The detailed analysis of these correlations will ultimately facilitate the use of BATs, along with other blood biomarkers, to differentiate short-term desensitization versus sustained unresponsiveness and to improve treatment protocols. Given the critical anatomic location of mast cells adjacent to the many IgE+ plasma cells found in the gastrointestinal tissues of allergic individuals, we will also discuss the role of gastrointestinal mast cells in manifestations of food allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuya Paranjape
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mindy Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kaori Mukai
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ramona A Hoh
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Shilpa A Joshi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - R Sharon Chinthrajah
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Scott D Boyd
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Stephen J Galli
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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226
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Sharma V, Jobrack J, Cerenzia W, Tilles S, Ryan R, Sih-Meynier R, Zeitler S, Manning M. A study to assess current approaches of allergists in European countries diagnosing and managing children and adolescents with peanut allergy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241648. [PMID: 33270629 PMCID: PMC7714149 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Food allergy is documented to result in considerable morbidity, negative impact on quality of life, and substantial medical care costs. Although anecdotal data suggest widely varying practices in the diagnosis and management of food allergies, the diversity and relative frequency of these practices have not been documented. METHODS A questionnaire was developed evaluating allergists' management approaches of individuals with peanut allergy (PA) in Germany (DE), France (FR), and the United Kingdom (UK). RESULTS Here, we report the survey results from a total of 109 allergists from DE, FR and the UK. They reported to confirm PA at initial diagnosis using skin prick test (≥60%), while allergists from DE and FR reported using allergen-specific IgE testing more (>86%) compared to the UK (<50%). At initial diagnosis, oral food challenge was used less in DE (13%) and FR (14%) and very rarely in the UK (3%) to confirm diagnosis. Recognition of acute reactions, use of adrenaline auto-injectors and allergen avoidance were reported to be discussed with the patient/caregiver at the initial office visit by most allergists (>75%). Half of the responders reported assessing the patient's quality of life. 63% allergists reported retesting for PA resolution at a later date, with 45% allergists indicated to recommend ingestion of a normal serving of peanut regularly upon resolution. Lack of effective PA treatment was reported to be a 'very significant' barrier for optimal PA treatment, with allergists being less than 'moderately familiar' with data from clinical trials testing new treatments options for PA. Lastly, allergists stated that the severity of patient's PA ranked as the most important factor in their decision to recommend oral immunotherapy for PA treatment. CONCLUSIONS This survey provides essential insights into the practice of allergists and highlights some areas that would inform strategies for education and improving PA healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibha Sharma
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation University of Manchester and Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Stephen Tilles
- Medical Affairs, Aimmune Therapeutics, Brisbane, CA, United States of America
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Robert Ryan
- Aimmune Therapeutics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Regina Sih-Meynier
- Medical Affairs, Aimmune Therapeutics, Brisbane, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Michael Manning
- Medical Research of Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
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227
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Solymosi D, Sárdy M, Pónyai G. Interdisciplinary Significance of Food-Related Adverse Reactions in Adulthood. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123725. [PMID: 33276661 PMCID: PMC7761565 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adults frequently interpret food-associated adverse reactions as indicators of a food allergy. However, the public perception of food allergy may differ from a clinician's point of view. The prevalence of patient-reported food allergy tends to be higher than physician-confirmed cases. Dermatological manifestations (urticaria, pruritus, dermatitis, and edema) are frequently reported by patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe patient-reported symptoms related to suspected food allergies and particularly to characterize and highlight the volume of patients who visit Budapest allergy clinics with suspected food allergies. Methods: In this prospective study, adult (≥18 years) patients were examined at the Allergology Outpatient Unit of the Dept. of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest. The examination included a detailed medical history; physical examination; and when necessary the measurement of allergen-specific serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Results: Data from 501 patients (393 women, 108 men) were analyzed. Intolerance to dietary biogenic amines occurred in 250 cases (250/501, 50%). Oral allergy syndrome was confirmed in 71 patients (71/501, 14%). Allergy to food preservatives was diagnosed in 14 (14/501, 3%) cases by a dermatologist-allergist specialist. Five individuals (5/501, 1%) were diagnosed with IgE-mediated food allergy. In some cases (28/501, 6%), edema-inducing/enhancing side effects of drugs were observed which patients had misattributed to various foods. Among the food groups considered to be provoking factors, the most frequently mentioned were fruits (198/501, 40%), milk/dairy products (174/501, 35%), and nuts/oilseeds (144/501, 29%). Overwhelmingly, urticaria (47%) was the most common dermatological diagnosis, followed by dermatitis (20%) and allergic contact dermatitis (8%). Conclusion: Improvement is needed in food allergy, food intolerance, and general nutritional knowledge among the general public. According to our data, perceived/self-reported food allergies were overestimated by adults when compared against physician-confirmed food allergies; however, other diseases potentially responsible for food-related problems were underestimated. The prevalence of oral allergy syndrome was high in the cohort. Intolerance to dietary biogenic amines was common, and although the role of dietary histamine and biogenic amine is not entirely understood in eliciting patients' symptoms, improvements in complaints were reported during the control visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Solymosi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (G.P.)
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence:
| | - Miklós Sárdy
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Györgyi Pónyai
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (G.P.)
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228
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Casas ML, Esteban Á, González-Muñoz M, Labrador-Horrillo M, Pascal M, Teniente-Serra A. VALIDA project: Validation of allergy in vitro diagnostics assays (Tools and recommendations for the assessment of in vitro tests in the diagnosis of allergy). ADVANCES IN LABORATORY MEDICINE 2020; 1:20200051. [PMID: 37360620 PMCID: PMC10197418 DOI: 10.1515/almed-2020-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In vitro allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) detection and quantification tests are routinely performed in clinical laboratories to diagnose patients with a suspected allergy. Numerous commercial assays are available to test for allergies, but the results can vary widely, thereby influencing both diagnosis and treatment. Given the challenges posed by differences in the various assays for in vitro determination of specific IgE, a group of experts has compiled in a document a series of recommendations on the implications that the use of a certain in vitro technique may have and the impact on the management of the allergic patient that the differences between the various techniques represent. The reading and analysis of this consensus document will help to understand the implications of the change of in vitro diagnostic method in the management of the patient with allergy, in the quality of life and in the socioeconomic costs associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L. Casas
- Clinical Analysis Service, Fundación Alcorcón University Hospital, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQC-ML), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángel Esteban
- Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQC-ML), Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Analysis Service, University General Hospital of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Miguel González-Muñoz
- Immunology Service, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Society of Immunology (SEI), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Moisés Labrador-Horrillo
- Allergology Service, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Society of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (SEAIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariona Pascal
- Spanish Society of Immunology (SEI), Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Society of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (SEAIC), Madrid, Spain
- Immunology Service, CBD, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- ARADyAL Research Network, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aina Teniente-Serra
- Spanish Society of Immunology (SEI), Barcelona, Spain
- Immunology Service, LCMN, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
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229
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Roberts G, Almqvist C, Boyle R, Crane J, Hogan SP, Marsland B, Saglani S, Woodfolk JA. Developments allergy in 2019 through the eyes of clinical and experimental allergy, part I mechanisms. Clin Exp Allergy 2020; 50:1294-1301. [PMID: 33283368 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the first of two linked articles, we describe the development in the mechanisms underlying allergy as described by Clinical & Experimental Allergy and other journals in 2019. Experimental models of allergic disease, basic mechanisms, clinical mechanisms and allergens are all covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Roberts
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences and Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.,The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Isle of Wight, UK
| | - C Almqvist
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit at Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Boyle
- Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - S P Hogan
- Department of Pathology, Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - B Marsland
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - S Saglani
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J A Woodfolk
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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230
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Goleva E, Calatroni A, LeBeau P, Berdyshev E, Taylor P, Kreimer S, Cole RN, Leung DYM. Skin tape proteomics identifies pathways associated with transepidermal water loss and allergen polysensitization in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 146:1367-1378. [PMID: 32360271 PMCID: PMC7606732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergy (FA) are associated with skin barrier dysfunction. OBJECTIVE Skin biomarkers are needed for skin barrier interventions studies. METHODS In this study, skin tape strip (STS) samples were collected from nonlesional skin of 62 children in AD FA+, AD FA-, and nonatopic groups for mass spectrometry proteomic analysis. transepidermal water loss and allergic sensitization were assessed. STS proteomic analysis results were validated in an independent cohort of 41 adults with AD with and without FA versus nonatopic controls. RESULTS A group of 45 proteins was identified as a principal component 1 (PC1) with the highest expression in AD FA+ STSs. This novel set of STS proteins was highly correlative to skin transepidermal water loss and allergic sensitization. PC1 proteins included keratin intermediate filaments; proteins associated with inflammatory responses (S100 proteins, alarmins, protease inhibitors); and glycolysis and antioxidant defense enzymes. Analysis of PC1 proteins expression in an independent adult AD cohort validated differential expression of STS PC1 proteins in the skin of adult patients with AD with the history of clinical reactions to peanut. CONCLUSIONS STS analysis of nonlesional skin of AD children identified a cluster of proteins with the highest expression in AD FA+ children. The differential expression of STS PC1 proteins was confirmed in a replicate cohort of adult AD patients with FA to peanut, suggesting a unique STS proteomic endotype for AD FA+ that persists into adulthood. Collectively, PC1 proteins are associated with abnormalities in skin barrier integrity and may increase the risk of epicutaneous sensitization to food allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Goleva
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | | | | | | | - Patricia Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
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231
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Li Y, Zhang YY, Yang LT, Liu JQ, Zhou C, Liu ZQ, Yang G, Mo LH, Liu ZG, Feng BS, Yang PC. FcγRI plays a critical role in patients with ulcerative colitis relapse. Eur J Immunol 2020; 51:459-470. [PMID: 33078845 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a disease that frequently relapses and affects more than 0.1% general population; the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Published data show that polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) contribute to the pathogenesis of UC. This study aims to identify antigen (Ag)-specific PMNs and investigate their role in UC relapse. In this study, the correlation between PMN activities and UC relapse was assessed in a group of UC patients. A UC mouse model was developed to expand the findings of UC patient study. The results showed that a positive correlation was detected between the high PMN activities and the food Ag-specific IgG amounts in colon biopsies of UC patients. UC patient-derived Ag-specific PMNs could be activated upon exposure to food specific Ag. The Ag/FcγRI complexes were detected on the surface of PMNs in UC patients. Re-exposure of sensitized PMNs to specific Ag triggered PMN activation and induced UC-like inflammation in the mouse colon. We conclude that FcγRI plays a critical role in UC relapse. Inhibition of FcγRI can efficiently inhibits experimental UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan-Yi Zhang
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Respirology & Allergy, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Teng Yang
- Department of Respirology & Allergy, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiang-Qi Liu
- Longgang ENT Hospital and Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- Longgang ENT Hospital and Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Hua Mo
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bai-Sui Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ping-Chang Yang
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen, China
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232
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Wróblewska B, Kaliszewska-Suchodoła A, Fuc E, Markiewicz LH, Ogrodowczyk AM, Złotkowska D, Wasilewska E. Effect of Low-Immunogenic Yogurt Drinks and Probiotic Bacteria on Immunoreactivity of Cow's Milk Proteins and Tolerance Induction-In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3390. [PMID: 33158132 PMCID: PMC7694189 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no effective therapy for milk allergy. The role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and probiotics in protection against allergy-related outcomes is still under investigation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulative and therapeutic potential of yogurt drinks in cow's milk allergy (CMA) management. We compared immunoreactivity of α-casein (α-CN), β-casein (β-CN), κ-casein (κ-CN), α-lactalbumin (α-LA), and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) in 27 yogurt drinks fermented with different basic yogurt cultures, or yogurt cultures enriched with Lactobacillus plantarum and/or Bifidobacterium lactis strains, by competitive ELISA assay. Drinks with the lowest antigenic potential were used as allergoids for CMA therapy. BALB/c mice were sensitized via intraperitoneal injection of α-CN + β-LG mixture with aluminum adjuvant, and gavaged with increasing doses of selected low-immunogenic drinks (YM-basic, or YM-LB-enriched with L. plantarum and B. lactis) to induce tolerance. Milk- or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-dosed mice served as controls. Compared to milk, the immunoreactivity of proteins in drinks increased or decreased, depending on the bacterial sets applied for fermentation. Only a few sets acted synergistically in reducing immunoreactivity. The selected low-immunogenic drinks stimulated allergic mice for profiling Th2 to Th1 response and acquire tolerance, and the effect was greater with YM-LB drink, which during long-lasting interventional feeding strongly increased the secretion of regulatory cytokines, i.e., IL-10 and TGF-β, and IgA and decreased IL-4, IgE, and anti-(α-CN + β-LG) IgG1. The studies revealed variations in the potency of yogurt bacteria to change allergenicity of milk proteins and the need for their strict selection to obtain a safe product for allergy sufferers. The YM-LB drink with reduced antigenic potential may be a source of allergoids used in the immunotherapy of IgE mediated CMA, but further clinical or volunteer studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wróblewska
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.W.); (E.F.); (L.H.M.); (A.M.O.); (D.Z.)
| | | | - Ewa Fuc
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.W.); (E.F.); (L.H.M.); (A.M.O.); (D.Z.)
| | - Lidia Hanna Markiewicz
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.W.); (E.F.); (L.H.M.); (A.M.O.); (D.Z.)
| | - Anna Maria Ogrodowczyk
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.W.); (E.F.); (L.H.M.); (A.M.O.); (D.Z.)
| | - Dagmara Złotkowska
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.W.); (E.F.); (L.H.M.); (A.M.O.); (D.Z.)
| | - Ewa Wasilewska
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.W.); (E.F.); (L.H.M.); (A.M.O.); (D.Z.)
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233
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Mori Y, Ugajin T, Okada K, Handa Y, Umemoto N, Iijima H, Igawa K, Yokozeki H. Epicutaneously sensitized food-induced anaphylaxis is ameliorated with "oral tolerance" to antigen. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:367-376. [PMID: 33063903 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Food allergy is an antigen-specific immunological adverse reaction after exposure to a given food. Multiple clinical studies showed that oral immunotherapy (OIT) is effective for the prevention and treatment for food allergy that is developed in infants and children. However, the effectiveness of OIT for epicutaneously sensitized food allergy remains unclear. Previously, we established a mouse model of epicutaneous-sensitized food allergy. In this model, systemic allergic reaction including intestinal and skin symptoms, such as anaphylaxis, was observed. We treated this model with OIT in two ways (OIT before sensitization or OIT during the sensitization phase) and evaluated the preventive effect of both methods. OIT before sensitization significantly ameliorated mast cell degranulation in sensitized skin, but there was no decrease in rectal temperatures or in mast cell degranulation in the jejunum. However, OIT administered during the sensitization phase significantly ameliorated the decrease in rectal temperature and mast cell degranulation in the skin and jejunum. OIT before sensitization increased the regulatory T cells in mesenteric lymph node (MLN), but not in the spleen, and it reduced antigen-specific IgG, but not IgE, production compared with the non-OIT control. However, OIT during sensitization caused a greater increase in regulatory T cells in both the MLN and spleen and reduced antigen-specific IgE and IgG generation compared with the non-OIT control group. Thus, OIT during the sensitization phase was effective for the prevention of epicutaneous-sensitized food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Mori
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ugajin
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Kouhei Okada
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Yutaro Handa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Naoshi Umemoto
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Hazuki Iijima
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Ken Igawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University, Shimotsuga-gun, Japan
| | - Hiroo Yokozeki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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234
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Newberry RD, Hogan SP. Intestinal epithelial cells in tolerance and allergy to dietary antigens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:45-48. [PMID: 33144143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodney D Newberry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo
| | - Simon P Hogan
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Mich.
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235
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Yokozeki K, Yuki T, Ogasawara A, Katagiri A, Takahashi Y, Basketter D, Sakaguchi H. Total dose defines the incidence of percutaneous IgE/IgG1 mediated immediate-type hypersensitivity caused by papain. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:898-906. [PMID: 33090523 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of human health risk requires an understanding of antigen dose metrics associated with toxicity. Whereas assessment of the human health risk for delayed-type hypersensitivity is understood, the metrics remain unclear for percutaneous immediate-type hypersensitivity (ITH) mediated by IgE/IgG1. In this work, we aimed to investigate the dose metric for percutaneous ITH mediated by IgE/IgG1 responses. Papain, which causes ITH via percutaneous sensitization in humans, was used to sensitize guinea pigs and mice. The total dose per animal or dose per unit area was adjusted to understand the drivers of sensitization. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for papain-specific IgG1 enabled quantification of the response in guinea pigs. In mice, the number of antigen-bearing B cells in the draining lymph nodes (DLN) was calculated using flow cytometry papain-specific IgG1 and IgE levels were quantified by ELISA. PCA positive test rates and the amounts of antigen-specific antibody corresponded with total dose per animal, not dose per unit area. Furthermore, the number of B cells taking up antigen within DLN also correlated with total dose. These findings indicate that the total antigen dose is the important metric for percutaneous IgE/IgG1-mediated ITH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Yokozeki
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takuo Yuki
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akira Ogasawara
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Asuka Katagiri
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takahashi
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Sakaguchi
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
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236
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Efficacy of Double-Dose Dapsone Combination Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Lyme Disease/Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome (PTLDS) and Associated Co-infections: A Report of Three Cases and Retrospective Chart Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110725. [PMID: 33105645 PMCID: PMC7690415 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Three patients with multi-year histories of relapsing and remitting Lyme disease and associated co-infections despite extended antibiotic therapy were each given double-dose dapsone combination therapy (DDD CT) for a total of 7–8 weeks. At the completion of therapy, all three patients’ major Lyme symptoms remained in remission for a period of 25–30 months. A retrospective chart review of 37 additional patients undergoing DDD CT therapy (40 patients in total) was also performed, which demonstrated tick-borne symptom improvements in 98% of patients, with 45% remaining in remission for 1 year or longer. In conclusion, double-dose dapsone therapy could represent a novel and effective anti-infective strategy in chronic Lyme disease/post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS), especially in those individuals who have failed regular dose dapsone combination therapy (DDS CT) or standard antibiotic protocols. A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial is warranted to evaluate the efficacy of DDD CT in those individuals with chronic Lyme disease/PTLDS.
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237
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Abstract
This perspective study addresses the main causes of adverse reactions to foods in humans, by taking into account the main allergic reactions that may occur as a result of food ingestion, as well the main allergens present in food and how their allergenicity change as a result of food preparation. In addition, European legislation on food labeling and novel foods was taken into account. The case study of this perspective is on the potential allergenicity of edible flowers as well as evidence of phytochemistry and toxic compounds and the risk associated with their ingestion. Regarding edible flowers, a key issue to address is if they are safe to consume or not. In the framework of the project “Innovative activities for the development of the cross-border supply chain of the edible flower” (ANTEA), we considered 62 different species and varieties of edible flowers. The results obtained by consulting two databases on allergens, COMPRISE and Allergen Nomenclature, marked two alerts for two species of edible flowers selected in the project. Moreover, based on edible flower consumption, about ten grams per serving, and on their protein content, we can also state that the risk of allergic reactions due to edible flower ingestion is very low.
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238
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Ito R, Katano I, Otsuka I, Takahashi T, Suemizu H, Ito M, Simons PJ. Bovine β-lactoglobulin-induced passive systemic anaphylaxis model using humanized NOG hIL-3/hGM-CSF transgenic mice. Int Immunol 2020; 33:183-189. [PMID: 33027513 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergy is a common disease caused by intake of allergen-containing foods, such as milk, eggs, peanuts and wheat. Systemic anaphylaxis is a severe hypersensitive allergic reaction resulting from degranulation of mast cells or basophils after cross-linking of surface high-affinity IgE receptors (Fcε-RI) with allergen-specific IgE and allergens. In this study, we developed a novel human mast cell/basophil-engrafted mouse model that recapitulates systemic anaphylaxis triggered by β-lactoglobulin (BLG), a major allergen found in cow's milk. Human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells were transferred into NOG (non-Tg) or NOG hIL-3/hGM-CSF transgenic (Tg) mice. After 14-16 weeks, bovine BLG-specific human IgE was intravenously injected into humanized mice, followed by intravenous or oral bovine BLG exposure 1 day later. Body temperature in Tg, but not in non-Tg, mice gradually decreased within 10 min, and 80% of Tg mice died within 1 h by intravenous BLG exposure. Serum histamine levels and anaphylaxis scores in Tg mice were markedly increased compared to non-Tg mice. Furthermore, these allergic symptoms were significantly inhibited by epinephrine treatment of the Tg mice. Therefore, the current NOG hIL-3/hGM-CSF Tg mouse model may be useful for development of novel anaphylaxis drugs for treatment of food allergies and for safety assessment of low-allergenicity extensively hydrolyzed cow's milk whey protein-based infant formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Ito
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ikumi Katano
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Iyo Otsuka
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takahashi
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suemizu
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mamoru Ito
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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Guntern P, Eggel A. Past, present, and future of anti-IgE biologics. Allergy 2020; 75:2491-2502. [PMID: 32249957 DOI: 10.1111/all.14308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
About 20 years after the identification of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and its key role in allergic hypersensitivity reactions against normally harmless substances, scientists have started inventing strategies to block its pathophysiological activity in 1986. The initial concept of specific IgE targeting through the use of anti-IgE antibodies has gained a lot of momentum and within a few years independent research groups have reported successful generation of first murine monoclonal anti-IgE antibodies. Subsequent generation of optimized chimeric and humanized versions of these antibodies has paved the way for the development of therapeutic anti-IgE biologicals as we know them today. With omalizumab, there is currently still only one therapeutic anti-IgE antibody approved for the treatment of allergic conditions. Since its application is limited to the treatment of moderate-to-severe persistent asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria, major efforts have been undertaken to develop alternative anti-IgE biologicals that could potentially be used in a broader spectrum of allergic diseases. Several new drug candidates have been generated and are currently assessed in pre-clinical studies or clinical trials. In this review, we highlight the molecular properties of past and present anti-IgE biologicals and suggest concepts that might improve treatment efficacy of future drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Guntern
- Graduate School of Cellular and Biomedical Sciences University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Department of BioMedical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology University Hospital Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Alexander Eggel
- Department of BioMedical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology University Hospital Bern Bern Switzerland
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240
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Reyes-Pavón D, Cervantes-García D, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Córdova-Dávalos LE, Quintanar-Stephano A, Jiménez M, Salinas E. Protective Effect of Glycomacropeptide on Food Allergy with Gastrointestinal Manifestations in a Rat Model through Down-Regulation of Type 2 Immune Response. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102942. [PMID: 32992996 PMCID: PMC7601722 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycomacropeptide (GMP) is a bioactive peptide derived from milk κ-casein with immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Food allergy (FA) is an adverse immune reaction with a broad spectrum of manifestations. Allergen intake induces persistent intestinal inflammation and tissue damage. In this study, the anti-allergic activity of GMP was evaluated using a rat ovalbumin (OVA)-induced FA model with gastrointestinal manifestation. Rats were orally GMP treated from 3 days prior and during FA development. The severity of food anaphylaxis and diarrheal episodes, antibody production and histamine level were measured. Histopathological changes, inflammation and predominant cytokine profile at intestine were analyzed. Oral GMP intake decreased clinical signs and diarrhea severity induced by allergen, with a significant reduction in intestinal edema and expression level of IL-1β and TNF-α. Prophylaxis with GMP also diminished serum anti-OVA IgE and IgG1, and histamine levels. GMP treatment markedly decreased eosinophil infiltration, mast cell and goblet cell hyperplasia, total IgE expression in intestine, and prevented histological changes in villi, crypts and internal muscularis layer. The treatment effectively suppressed IL-5, IL-13 and GATA3 expression and skewed the intestinal cytokine profile toward type 1 and regulatory. These results suggest that GMP may protect against FA through down-regulating the type 2 inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Reyes-Pavón
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico; (D.R.-P.); (D.C.-G.); (L.E.C.-D.)
| | - Daniel Cervantes-García
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico; (D.R.-P.); (D.C.-G.); (L.E.C.-D.)
- National Council of Science and Technology, 03940 Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Laura Elena Córdova-Dávalos
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico; (D.R.-P.); (D.C.-G.); (L.E.C.-D.)
| | - Andrés Quintanar-Stephano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico;
| | - Mariela Jiménez
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico; (D.R.-P.); (D.C.-G.); (L.E.C.-D.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (E.S.); Tel.: +52-(449)-910-8424 (E.S.)
| | - Eva Salinas
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico; (D.R.-P.); (D.C.-G.); (L.E.C.-D.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (E.S.); Tel.: +52-(449)-910-8424 (E.S.)
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241
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Lee JY, Ahn EK, Park JH, Oh JS. Wheat Bran Extract Regulates Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Responses In Vitro and In Vivo. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173997. [PMID: 32887288 PMCID: PMC7504747 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study the effects and molecular mechanisms of wheat bran (WB), the hard outer layer of the wheat kernel used in food ingredients, on mast cell-mediated allergic responses in vitro and in vivo were investigated. The water extract of WB inhibited degranulation and expression of allergic and inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in antigen-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. These anti-allergic activities of WB were mediated by the inactivation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, which play important roles in degranulation and expression of various allergic and inflammatory molecules. In agreement with its in vitro effects, WB inhibited immunoglobulin E (IgE)/antigen-induced and compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic reactions in vivo. Taken together, these findings suggest the pharmacological potential of WB in the regulation of allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, asthma and anaphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yeon Lee
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Gwanggyo-ro 147, Yeoungtong, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16229, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.-K.A.)
| | - Eun-Kyung Ahn
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Gwanggyo-ro 147, Yeoungtong, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16229, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.-K.A.)
| | - Ju-Hyoung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Dandae-ro 119, Dongnam, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116, Korea;
| | - Joa Sub Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Dandae-ro 119, Dongnam, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-550-1435; Fax: +82-41-559-7899
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242
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Miteva D, Solak A, Dyankova S, Nacheva I, Dimov K. Assessment of allergenicity of irradiated dairy products in a Balb/c mice model. PHARMACIA 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.67.e53886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the presentin vivostudy was to analyze the changes in the immune response of the sensitized Ваlb/c mice against milk allergens in lyophilized cow’s milk (LCM) and whey curd (LC) before and after gamma irradiation (10 kGy). The results showed lower levels of IgE in the group treated with irradiated LCM (ICM) compared to the group treated with non-irradiated LCM (NiCM). Hence, it could be suggested that gamma irradiation influenced the epitopes of the major milk proteins and was associated with lower allergenicity of the lyophilized irradiated milk. The gamma irradiation in the whey curd, however, did not significantly change the level of IgE antibodies in IC (treated with irradiated LC) compared to NiC (treated with non-irradiated LC) group.
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243
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Abstract
Food allergens are innocuous proteins that promote tolerogenic adaptive immune responses in healthy individuals yet in other individuals induce an allergic adaptive immune response characterized by the presence of antigen-specific immunoglobulin E and type-2 immune cells. The cellular and molecular processes that determine a tolerogenic versus non-tolerogenic immune response to dietary antigens are not fully elucidated. Recently, there have been advances in the identification of roles for microbial communities and anatomical sites of dietary antigen exposure and presentation that have provided new insights into the key regulatory steps in the tolerogenic versus non-tolerogenic decision-making processes. Herein, we will review and discuss recent findings in cellular and molecular processes underlying food sensitization and tolerance, immunological processes underlying severity of food-induced anaphylaxis, and insights obtained from immunotherapy trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Tomar
- 1. Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan 4051-BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Simon P Hogan
- 1. Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan 4051-BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
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244
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Sonnet F, Namork E, Stylianou E, Gaare-Olstad I, Huse K, Andorf S, Mjaaland S, Dirven H, Nygaard U. Reduced polyfunctional T cells and increased cellular activation markers in adult allergy patients reporting adverse reactions to food. BMC Immunol 2020; 21:43. [PMID: 32698761 PMCID: PMC7376650 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-020-00373-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The underlying cellular mechanisms causing adverse reactions to food are complex and still not fully understood. Therefore, in this study we aimed to identify functional and/or phenotypical immune cell signatures characteristic for adult patients reporting adverse reactions to food. By mass cytometry, we performed high-dimensional profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from adult patients reporting adverse reactions to food and healthy controls. The patients were grouped according to sIgE-positive or sIgE-negative serology to common food and inhalant allergens. Two broad antibody panels were used, allowing determination of major immune cell populations in PBMC, as well as activation status, proliferation status, and cytokine expression patterns after PMA/ionomycin-stimulation on a single cell level. Results By use of data-driven algorithms, several cell populations were identified showing significantly different marker expression between the groups. Most striking was an impaired frequency and function of polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in patients reporting adverse reactions to food compared to the controls. Further, subpopulations of monocytes, T cells, and B cells had increased expression of functional markers such as CD371, CD69, CD25, CD28, and/or HLA-DR as well as decreased expression of CD23 in the patients. Most of the differing cell subpopulations were similarly altered in the two subgroups of patients. Conclusion Our results suggest common immune cell features for both patient subgroups reporting adverse reactions to food, and provide a basis for further studies on mechanistic and diagnostic biomarker studies in food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Sonnet
- Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggata 8, Oslo, Norway. .,, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Ellen Namork
- Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggata 8, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Stylianou
- Regional Unit for Asthma, Allergy and Hypersensitivity, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingvild Gaare-Olstad
- Regional Unit for Asthma, Allergy and Hypersensitivity, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kanutte Huse
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandra Andorf
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Siri Mjaaland
- Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Modelling, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggata 8, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Center for Influenza Vaccine Research Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hubert Dirven
- Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggata 8, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unni Nygaard
- Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggata 8, Oslo, Norway
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245
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Natural Variation of Hazelnut Allergenicity: Is There Any Potential for Selecting Hypoallergenic Varieties? Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072100. [PMID: 32708541 PMCID: PMC7400875 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.) have an important role in human nutrition and health. However, they are a common cause of food allergy. Due to hazelnut varietal diversity, variety-dependent differences in the IgE-binding properties may be suspected, which could allow therapeutic strategies based on the use of hypoallergenic varieties to induce desensitization. In a proteogenomic approach, we aimed to evaluate the allergenic potential of a genetically diverse set of hazelnuts (n = 13 varieties). Minor differences were found at the level of genes encoding important allergens, namely Cor a 8, Cor a 9, and Cor a 14. Nevertheless, IgE-reactivity was similar for all varieties using sera from seven allergic individuals. The predominant IgE-reactive proteins were Cor a 9 (100%) and Cor a 1.04 (60%), with the former being the most frequently identified by a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE)-based proteomic approach. Therefore, it seems that the conventional exclusion diet will hold its ground for the time being.
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246
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Liu T, Lai SY, Li WS, Jiang YM. Prevalence of food allergen and aeroallergen sensitization among children in Sichuan province. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21055. [PMID: 32629732 PMCID: PMC7337612 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Food allergen and aeroallergen sensitization are common allergic diseases worldwide, with widely varying estimates of prevalence in children. Our study investigated the characteristics of ingestion and inhalation allergy among children from Sichuan province in Southwest China, so as to get public awareness of these disorders.A total of 1722 children between 0 and 14 years' old were enrolled in this study. They were outpatients in the West China Second University Hospital during June 2019 to September 2019. Serum specific IgE specific to 10 types of food allergen and 10 types of aeroallergen were estimated. Nutrition indicators were tested by electrochemical luminescence.59.70% children were allergic to at least 1 allergen, comprising 24.90% to aeroallergen and 38.81% to food allergen, respectively, whereas 36.28% children were allergic to both aeroallergen and food allergen. Milk was the most common food allergen, and egg came in second place. With regard to aeroallergen, house dust mite held the maximum proportion (65.02%), whereas dust mite followed behind. Inhalation allergy was more commonly seen in boys than girls. Bronchitis was the most common symptom of both allergies. In addition, the highest incidence age for children to be sensitive to food allergen and aeroallergen were 0∼2 years' old and 3∼5 years' old, respectively. It is worth mentioning that there was no significant difference in nutritional status between children with or without allergic diseases.Our findings reveal that milk, egg, house dust mite, and dust mite are the most common allergens among children in Sichuan province. Boys are more susceptible to aeroallergen than girls. Furthermore, the prevalence of ingestion and inhalation allergy varies from different age groups, and has no correlation with nutritional status. In brief, the analysis of the pattern of food allergen and aeroallergen sensitization is invaluable to effective diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu-yu Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education
| | - Wen-sheng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education
| | - Yong-mei Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education
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247
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Stuvel K, Heeringa JJ, Dalm VASH, Meijers RWJ, Hoffen E, Gerritsen SAM, Zelm MC, Pasmans SGMA. Comel-Netherton syndrome: A local skin barrier defect in the absence of an underlying systemic immunodeficiency. Allergy 2020; 75:1710-1720. [PMID: 31975472 PMCID: PMC7384150 DOI: 10.1111/all.14197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Comel‐Netherton syndrome (NS) is a rare autosomal disease, characterized by severe skin disease, hair shaft defects, atopic diathesis, and increased susceptibility for skin infections. Since patients with NS suffer from recurrent infections, it has been hypothesized that an underlying immunodeficiency attributes to this. Here, we studied clinical and immunological characteristics of the cohort of NS patients in the Netherlands in order to identify whether potential immunodeficiencies result in the increased risk of infectious complications. Methods Phenotypes were scored for severity of skin condition, specific hair shaft defects, atopy, and recurrent infections. Patients’ blood samples were collected for quantification of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, specific antibodies against Streptococcuspneumoniae, and allergen‐specific IgE, as well as detailed immunophenotyping of blood leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry. Results A total of 14 patients were included with age range 3‐46 years and varying degrees of skin involvement. All patients presented with atopic symptoms (food allergy, n = 13; hay fever, n = 10; asthma, n = 7). Recurrent skin infections were common, particularly in childhood (n = 12). Low levels of specific antibodies against S pneumoniae were found in 10 of 11 evaluated patients. Detailed immunological analysis was performed on 9 adult patients. Absolute numbers of lymphocyte subsets and serum immunoglobulin levels were all within normal ranges. Conclusion Multidisciplinary evaluation of our national cohort showed no evidence for a severe, clinically relevant systemic immunodeficiency. Therefore, we conclude that in Dutch NS patients the increased risk of infections most likely results from the skin barrier disruption and that increased allergen penetration predisposes to allergic sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Stuvel
- Department of Dermatology Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jorn J. Heeringa
- Department of Immunology Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Virgil A. S. H. Dalm
- Department of Immunology Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Clinical Immunology Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Academic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC) Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Ruud W. J. Meijers
- Department of Immunology Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Els Hoffen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology University Medical Center Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | - Menno C. Zelm
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine Alfred Hospital Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Suzanne G. M. A. Pasmans
- Department of Dermatology Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology Sophia Children’s Hospital Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
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248
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Zeng HT, Liu JQ, Zhao M, Yu D, Yang G, Mo LH, Liu ZQ, Wang S, Liu ZG, Yang PC. Exosomes carry IL-10 and antigen/MHC II complexes to induce antigen-specific oral tolerance. Cytokine 2020; 133:155176. [PMID: 32563958 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that the immune tolerance can be naturally established in the intestine, while the mechanism by which the immune tolerance development in the intestine is not fully understood yet. Vasoactive intestinal peptides (VIP) has the immune regulatory functions. This study aims to investigate the role of VIP in the immune tolerance development in the intestine. METHODS Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-derived exosomes were prepared. The exosomes carried IL-10 and antigen/MHC II complexes. VIP-deficient (VIPd) mice and wild type mice were employed to test the role of VIP in the development of immune tolerance in the intestine. RESULTS VIPd mice failed to induce type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1 cells) in the intestine and retarded the establishment of antigen (Ag)-specific immune tolerance. Exposure to VIP in the culture induced IL-10 expression in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Exosomes derived from ovalbumin (OVA, used as a specific Ag)/VIP-primed IECs carried IL-10 and OVA/MHC II complexes; these exosomes were designated IL10CARs (IL-10/chimeric antigen receptor-carrying exosomes). IL10CARs could recognize OVA-specific CD4+ T cells and converted OVA-specific CD4± T cells to OVA-specific Tr1 cells. Administration of IL10CARs suppressed experimental food allergy. CONCLUSIONS The data show that IL10CARs are capable of suppressing experimental FA by inducing antigen-specific Tr1 cells, which has the translation potential for FA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Tao Zeng
- Department of Allergy, Longgang ENT Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of ENT, Institute of ENT, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiang-Qi Liu
- Department of Allergy, Longgang ENT Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of ENT, Institute of ENT, Shenzhen, China
| | - Miao Zhao
- Department of Allergy, Longgang ENT Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of ENT, Institute of ENT, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dian Yu
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Hua Mo
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- Department of Allergy, Longgang ENT Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of ENT, Institute of ENT, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Allergy, Longgang ENT Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of ENT, Institute of ENT, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ping-Chang Yang
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen, China.
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249
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Luu M, Monning H, Visekruna A. Exploring the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Protective Effects of Microbial SCFAs on Intestinal Tolerance and Food Allergy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1225. [PMID: 32612610 PMCID: PMC7308428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A body of evidence suggests that food allergy (FA) has increased in prevalence over the past few decades. Novel findings support the hypothesis that some commensal bacteria and particularly microbial metabolites might contribute to development of oral tolerance and prevention from FA. Recently, beneficial effects of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the main class of gut microbiota-derived metabolites, on FA have been proposed. The intestinal SCFAs are major end products during bacterial fermentation of complex and non-digestible carbohydrates such as dietary fiber. The multifaceted mechanisms underlying beneficial effects of SCFAs on the mucosal immune system comprise the regulation of diverse cellular pathways in epithelial, dendritic, and T cells, as well as the impact on the immunometabolism and epigenetic status of regulatory lymphocytes. Of note, SCFAs are effective inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs). As a consequence, SCFAs appear to be implicated in attenuation of intestinal inflammation and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we will discuss the recent development in this research area by highlighting the role of the individual SCFAs acetate, propionate, butyrate, and pentanoate in promoting the differentiation of regulatory T and B cells and their potential beneficial effects on the prevention of FA. In this context, targeted alterations in the gut microbiota in favor of SCFA producers or supplementation of medicinal food enriched in SCFAs could be a novel therapeutic concept for FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Luu
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Heide Monning
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Visekruna
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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250
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Larsen JM, Bang-Berthelsen CH, Qvortrup K, Sancho AI, Hansen AH, Andersen KIH, Thacker SSN, Eiwegger T, Upton J, Bøgh KL. Production of allergen-specific immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of food allergy. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:881-894. [PMID: 32515236 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1772194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (IT) is emerging as a viable avenue for the treatment of food allergies. Clinical trials currently investigate raw or slightly processed foods as therapeutic agents, as trials using food-grade agents can be performed without the strict regulations to which conventional drugs are subjected. However, this limits the ability of standardization and may affect clinical trial outcomes and reproducibility. Herein, we provide an overview of methods used in the production of immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of food allergies, including processed foods, allergen extracts, recombinant allergens, and synthetic peptides, as well as the physical and chemical processes for the reduction of protein allergenicity. Commercial interests currently favor producing standardized drug-grade allergen extracts for therapeutic use, and clinical trials are ongoing. In the near future, recombinant production could replace purification strategies since it allows the manufacturing of pure, native allergens or sequence-modified allergens with reduced allergenicity. A recurring issue within this field is the inadequate reporting of production procedures, quality control, product physicochemical characteristics, allergenicity, and immunological properties. This information is of vital importance in assessing therapeutic standardization and clinical safety profile, which are central parameters for the development of future therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Madura Larsen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Katrine Qvortrup
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ana Isabel Sancho
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Eiwegger
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program, The Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Translational Medicine Program, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julia Upton
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program, The Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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