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Perinatal Activation of the Interleukin-33 Pathway Promotes Type 2 Immunity in the Developing Lung. Immunity 2016; 45:1285-1298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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202
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Veres TZ, Kopcsányi T, van Panhuys N, Gerner MY, Liu Z, Rantakari P, Dunkel J, Miyasaka M, Salmi M, Jalkanen S, Germain RN. Allergen-Induced CD4+ T Cell Cytokine Production within Airway Mucosal Dendritic Cell-T Cell Clusters Drives the Local Recruitment of Myeloid Effector Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 198:895-907. [PMID: 27903737 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma develops in the mucosal tissue of small bronchi. At these sites, local cytokine production by Th2/Th17 cells is believed to be critical for the development of tissue eosinophilia/neutrophilia. Using the mouse trachea as a relevant model of human small airways, we performed advanced in vivo dynamic and in situ static imaging to visualize individual cytokine-producing T cells in the airway mucosa and to define their immediate cellular environment. Upon allergen sensitization, newly recruited CD4+ T cells formed discrete Ag-driven clusters with dendritic cells (DCs). Within T cell-DC clusters, a small fraction of CD4+ T cells produced IL-13 or IL-17 following prolonged Ag-specific interactions with DCs. As a result of local Th2 cytokine signaling, eosinophils were recruited into these clusters. Neutrophils also infiltrated these clusters in a T cell-dependent manner, but their mucosal distribution was more diffuse. Our findings reveal the focal nature of allergen-driven responses in the airways and define multiple steps with potential for interference with the progression of asthmatic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Z Veres
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; .,Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Tamás Kopcsányi
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Nicholas van Panhuys
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.,Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Michael Y Gerner
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Zhiduo Liu
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Pia Rantakari
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Johannes Dunkel
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Masayuki Miyasaka
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.,World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; and
| | - Marko Salmi
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892;
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Berker M, Frank LJ, Geßner AL, Grassl N, Holtermann AV, Höppner S, Kraef C, Leclaire MD, Maier P, Messerer DAC, Möhrmann L, Nieke JP, Schoch D, Soll D, Woopen CMP. Allergies - A T cells perspective in the era beyond the T H1/T H2 paradigm. Clin Immunol 2016; 174:73-83. [PMID: 27847316 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Allergic diseases have emerged as a major health care burden, especially in the western hemisphere. They are defined by overshooting reactions of an aberrant immune system to harmless exogenous stimuli. The TH1/TH2 paradigm assumes that a dominance of TH2 cell activation and an inadequate TH1 cell response are responsible for the development of allergies. However, the characterization of additional T helper cell subpopulations such as TH9, TH17, TH22, THGM-CSF and their interplay with regulatory T cells suggest further layers of complexity. This review summarizes state-of-the-art knowledge on T cell diversity and their induction, while revisiting the TH1/TH2 paradigm. With respect to these numerous contributors, it offers a new perspective on the pathogenesis of asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR) and atopic dermatitis (AD) incorporating recent discoveries in the field of T cell plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Berker
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany
| | - Larissa Johanna Frank
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Lidwina Geßner
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany
| | - Niklas Grassl
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anne Verena Holtermann
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefanie Höppner
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Kraef
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Martin Dominik Leclaire
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany
| | - Pia Maier
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Lino Möhrmann
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Philipp Nieke
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany
| | - Diana Schoch
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Soll
- German Academic Scholarship Foundation - Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, Bonn, Germany
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204
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Dullaers M, Schuijs MJ, Willart M, Fierens K, Van Moorleghem J, Hammad H, Lambrecht BN. House dust mite-driven asthma and allergen-specific T cells depend on B cells when the amount of inhaled allergen is limiting. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 140:76-88.e7. [PMID: 27746238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic asthma is a CD4 TH2-lymphocyte driven disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilia. B cells can present antigens to CD4 T cells and produce IgE immunoglobulins that arm effector cells; however, mouse models are inconclusive on whether B cells are necessary for asthma development. OBJECTIVES We sought to address the role of B cells in a house dust mite (HDM)-driven TH2-high asthma mouse model. METHODS Wild-type and B cell-deficient muMT mice were sensitized and challenged through the airways with HDM extracts. The antigen-presenting capacities of B cells were studied by using new T-cell receptor transgenic 1-DER mice specific for the Der p 1 allergen. RESULTS In vitro-activated B cells from HDM-exposed mice presented antigen to 1-DER T cells and induced a TH2 phenotype. In vivo B cells were dispensable for activation of naive 1-DER T cells but necessary for full expansion of primed 1-DER T cells. At high HDM challenge doses, B cells were not required for development of pulmonary asthmatic features yet contributed to TH2 expansion in the mediastinal lymph nodes but not in the lungs. When the amount of challenge allergen was decreased, muMT mice had reduced asthma features. Under these limiting conditions, B cells contributed also to expansion of TH2 effector cells in the lungs and central memory T cells in the mediastinal lymph nodes. CONCLUSION B cells are a major part of the adaptive immune response to inhaled HDM allergen, particularly when the amount of inhaled allergen is low, by expanding allergen-specific T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Dullaers
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martijn J Schuijs
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Monique Willart
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kaat Fierens
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Justine Van Moorleghem
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hamida Hammad
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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205
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Coutant F, Miossec P. Altered dendritic cell functions in autoimmune diseases: distinct and overlapping profiles. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 12:703-715. [DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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206
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Angelina A, Sirvent S, Palladino C, Vereda A, Cuesta-Herranz J, Eiwegger T, Rodríguez R, Breiteneder H, Villalba M, Palomares O. The lipid interaction capacity of Sin a 2 and Ara h 1, major mustard and peanut allergens of the cupin superfamily, endorses allergenicity. Allergy 2016; 71:1284-94. [PMID: 26991432 DOI: 10.1111/all.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sin a 2 (11S globulin) and Ara h 1 (7S globulin) are major allergens from yellow mustard seeds and peanut, respectively. The ability of these two allergens to interact with lipid components remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To study the capacity of Sin a 2 and Ara h 1 to interact with lipid components and the potential effects of such interaction in their allergenic capacity. METHODS Spectroscopic and SDS-PAGE binding assays of Sin a 2 and Ara h 1 with different phospholipid vesicles and gastrointestinal and endolysosomal digestions in the presence or absence of lipids were performed. The capacity of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (hmoDCs) to capture food allergens in the presence or absence of lipids, the induced cytokine signature, and the effect of allergens and lipids to regulate TLR2-L-induced NF-kB/AP-1 activation in THP1 cells were analyzed. RESULTS Sin a 2 and Ara h 1 bind phosphatidylglycerol (PG) acid but not phosphatidylcholine (PC) vesicles in a pH-dependent manner. The interaction of these two allergens with lipid components confers resistance to gastrointestinal digestion, reduces their uptake by hmoDCs, and enhances their stability to microsomal degradation. Mustard and peanut lipids favor a proinflammatory environment by increasing the IL-4/IL-10 ratio and IL-1β production by hmoDCs. The presence of mustard lipids and PG vesicles inhibits TLR2-L-induced NF-kB/AP-1 activation in THP1 cells. CONCLUSION Sin a 2 and Ara h 1 interact with lipid components, which might well contribute to explain the potent allergenic capacity of these two clinically relevant allergens belonging to the cupin superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Angelina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; School of Chemistry; Complutense University of Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - S. Sirvent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; School of Chemistry; Complutense University of Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - C. Palladino
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - A. Vereda
- Servicio de Alergia; Fundación Jiménez Diaz; Madrid Spain
| | | | - T. Eiwegger
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
- Division of Immunology and Allergy; Food allergy and Anaphylaxis Program; The Department of Paediatrics; Hospital for Sick Children; The University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - R. Rodríguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; School of Chemistry; Complutense University of Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - H. Breiteneder
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - M. Villalba
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; School of Chemistry; Complutense University of Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - O. Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; School of Chemistry; Complutense University of Madrid; Madrid Spain
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207
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Oetjen LK, Noti M, Kim BS. New insights into basophil heterogeneity. Semin Immunopathol 2016; 38:549-61. [PMID: 27178409 PMCID: PMC5010479 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-016-0567-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Basophils have become increasingly recognized as important innate immune cells that mediate antihelminth immunity and barrier inflammation. Recent discoveries have uncovered previously unrecognized heterogeneity in basophil populations. However, how diversity in basophil regulation and function impacts human disease remains poorly defined. The goal of the present review is to highlight how new insights into basophil heterogeneity can help us to better understand disease pathogenesis and inform the development of new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon K Oetjen
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Box 8123, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mario Noti
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Brian S Kim
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Box 8123, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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208
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Rodriguez AR, Yu JJ, Navara C, Chambers JP, Guentzel MN, Arulanandam BP. Contribution of FcɛRI-associated vesicles to mast cell-macrophage communication following Francisella tularensis infection. Innate Immun 2016; 22:567-74. [PMID: 27554051 DOI: 10.1177/1753425916663639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding innate immune intercellular communication following microbial infection remains a key biological issue. Using live cell imaging, we demonstrate that mast cells actively extend cellular projections to sample the macrophage periphery during Francisella tularensis LVS infection. Mast cell MHCII(hi) expression was elevated from less than 1% to 13% during LVS infection. Direct contact during co-culture with macrophages further increased mast cell MHCII(hi) expression to approximately 87%. Confocal analyses of the cellular perimeter revealed mast cell caspase-1 was localized in close proximity with FcɛRI in uninfected mast cells, and repositioned to clustered regions upon LVS infection. Importantly, mast cell FcɛRI-encompassed vesicles are transferred to macrophages by trogocytosis, and macrophage caspase-1 expression is further up-regulated upon direct contact with mast cells. Our study reveals direct cellular interactions between innate cells that may impact the function of caspase-1, a known sensor of microbial danger and requirement for innate defense against many pathogenic microbes including F. tularensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette R Rodriguez
- RCMI, Biophotonics Core, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jieh-Juen Yu
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Christopher Navara
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - James P Chambers
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - M Neal Guentzel
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Bernard P Arulanandam
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, USA
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209
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Huang FJ, Ma YL, Tang RY, Gong WC, Li J, Chen CX, Yin L, Chen XP. Interleukin-4- and NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3-independent mechanisms of alum enhanced T helper type 2 responses on basophils. Immunology 2016; 149:238-51. [PMID: 27315109 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminium hydroxide (alum), the most widely used adjuvant in human and animal vaccines, has long been known to promote T helper type 2 (Th2) responses and Th2-associated humoral responses, but the mechanisms have remained poorly understood. In this study, we explored whether alum is able to directly modulate antigen-presenting cells to enhance their potency for Th2 polarization. We found that alum treatment of dendritic cells failed to show any Th2-promoting activities. In contrast, alum was able to enhance the capacity of basophils to induce Th2 cells. When basophils from interleukin-4 (IL-4) knockout mice were examined, the intrinsic Th2-promoting activities by basophils were largely abrogated, but the alum-enhanced Th2-promoting activities on basophils were still detectable. More importantly, Th2-promoting adjuvant activities by alum found in IL-4 knockout mice were also largely reduced when basophils were depleted by antibody administration. Therefore, basophils can mediate Th2-promoting activities by alum both in vitro and in vivo through IL-4-independent mechanisms. Further studies revealed that secreted soluble molecules from alum-treated basophils were able to confer the Th2-promoting activities, and neutralization of thymic stromal lymphopoietin or IL-25 attenuated the IL-4-independent development of Th2 cells elicited by alum-treated basophils. Finally, alum was able to activate NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in murine basophils in the same way as alum in professional antigen-presenting cells, but NLRP3 was not required for Th2-promoting activities on basophils by alum in vitro. These results demonstrated that alum can enhance the capacities of basophils to polarize Th2 cells via IL-4- and NLRP3-independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Juan Huang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Lei Ma
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruo-Yu Tang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Ci Gong
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Xia Chen
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Yin
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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210
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Differential Effects of Viscum album Preparations on the Maturation and Activation of Human Dendritic Cells and CD4⁺ T Cell Responses. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070912. [PMID: 27428940 PMCID: PMC6273690 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracts of Viscum album (VA); a semi-parasitic plant, are frequently used in the complementary therapy of cancer and other immunological disorders. Various reports show that VA modulates immune system and exerts immune-adjuvant activities that might influence tumor regression. Currently, several therapeutic preparations of VA are available and hence an insight into the mechanisms of action of different VA preparations is necessary. In the present study, we performed a comparative study of five different preparations of VA on maturation and activation of human dendritic cells (DCs) and ensuing CD4+ T cell responses. Monocyte-derived human DCs were treated with VA Qu Spez, VA Qu Frf, VA M Spez, VA P and VA A. Among the five VA preparations tested VA Qu Spez, a fermented extract with a high level of lectins, significantly induced DC maturation markers CD83, CD40, HLA-DR and CD86, and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 and TNF-α. Furthermore, analysis of T cell cytokines in DC-T cell co-culture revealed that VA Qu Spez significantly stimulated IFN-γ secretion without modulating regulatory T cells and other CD4+ T cytokines IL-4, IL-13 and IL-17A. Our study thus delineates differential effects of VA preparations on DC maturation; function and T cell responses.
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211
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Kannan Y, Li Y, Coomes SM, Okoye IS, Pelly VS, Sriskantharajah S, Gückel E, Webb L, Czieso S, Nikolov N, MacDonald AS, Ley SC, Wilson MS. Tumor progression locus 2 reduces severe allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting Ccl24 production in dendritic cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 139:655-666.e7. [PMID: 27484038 PMCID: PMC5292997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The molecular and cellular pathways driving the pathogenesis of severe asthma are poorly defined. Tumor progression locus 2 (TPL-2) (COT, MAP3K8) kinase activates the MEK1/2-extracellular-signal regulated kinase 1/2 MAP kinase signaling pathway following Toll-like receptor, TNFR1, and IL-1R stimulation. Objective TPL-2 has been widely described as a critical regulator of inflammation, and we sought to investigate the role of TPL-2 in house dust mite (HDM)-mediated allergic airway inflammation. Methods A comparative analysis of wild-type and Map3k8−/− mice was conducted. Mixed bone marrow chimeras, conditional knockout mice, and adoptive transfer models were also used. Differential cell counts were performed on the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, followed by histological analysis of lung sections. Flow cytometry and quantitative PCR was used to measure type 2 cytokines. ELISA was used to assess the production of IgE, type 2 cytokines, and Ccl24. RNA sequencing was used to characterize dendritic cell (DC) transcripts. Results TPL-2 deficiency led to exacerbated HDM-induced airway allergy, with increased airway and tissue eosinophilia, lung inflammation, and IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IgE production. Increased airway allergic responses in Map3k8−/− mice were not due to a cell-intrinsic role for TPL-2 in T cells, B cells, or LysM+ cells but due to a regulatory role for TPL-2 in DCs. TPL-2 inhibited Ccl24 expression in lung DCs, and blockade of Ccl24 prevented the exaggerated airway eosinophilia and lung inflammation in mice given HDM-pulsed Map3k8−/− DCs. Conclusions TPL-2 regulates DC-derived Ccl24 production to prevent severe type 2 airway allergy in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashaswini Kannan
- Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, the Ridgeway, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yanda Li
- Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, the Ridgeway, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie M Coomes
- Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, the Ridgeway, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isobel S Okoye
- Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, the Ridgeway, London, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria S Pelly
- Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, the Ridgeway, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Eva Gückel
- Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, the Ridgeway, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren Webb
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, the University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Czieso
- Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, the Ridgeway, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolay Nikolov
- Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, the Ridgeway, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S MacDonald
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, the University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Steven C Ley
- Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, the Ridgeway, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Mark S Wilson
- Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, the Ridgeway, London, United Kingdom.
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212
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Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) lie at the heart of the innate immune system, specialised at recognising danger signals in many forms including foreign material, infection or tissue damage and initiating powerful adaptive immune and inflammatory responses. In barrier sites such as the lung, the instrumental role that DCs play at the interface between the environment and the host places them in a pivotal position in determining the severity of inflammatory disease. The past few years has seen a significant increase in our fundamental understanding of the subsets of DCs involved in pulmonary immunity, as well as the mechanisms by which they are activated and which they may use to coordinate downstream inflammation and pathology. In this review, we will summarise current understanding of the multi-faceted role that DCs play in the induction, maintenance and regulation of lung immunopathology, with an emphasis on allergic pulmonary disease.
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213
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Debeuf N, Haspeslagh E, van Helden M, Hammad H, Lambrecht BN. Mouse Models of Asthma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 6:169-184. [PMID: 27248433 DOI: 10.1002/cpmo.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the conducting airways characterized by the presence of allergen-specific IgE, Th2 cytokine production, eosinophilic airway inflammation, bronchial hyperreactivity, mucus overproduction, and structural changes in the airways. Investigators have tried to mimic these features of human allergic asthma in murine models. Whereas the surrogate allergen ovalbumin has been extremely valuable for unravelling underlying mechanisms of the disease, murine asthma models depend nowadays on naturally occurring allergens, such as house dust mite (HDM), cockroach, and Alternaria alternata. Here we describe a physiologically relevant model of acute allergic asthma based on sensitization and challenge with HDM extracts, and compare it with the ovalbumin/alum-induced asthma model. Moreover, we propose a detailed readout of the asthma phenotype, determining the degree of eosinophilia in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids by flow cytometry, visualizing goblet cell metaplasia, and measuring Th cytokine production by lung-draining mediastinal lymph node cells restimulated with HDM. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nincy Debeuf
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eline Haspeslagh
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mary van Helden
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hamida Hammad
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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214
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Roles of basophils and mast cells in cutaneous inflammation. Semin Immunopathol 2016; 38:563-70. [PMID: 27170045 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-016-0570-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells and basophils are associated with T helper 2 (Th2) immune responses. Newly developed mast cell-deficient mice have provided evidence that mast cells initiate contact hypersensitivity via activating dendritic cells. Studies using basophil-deficient mice have also revealed that basophils are responsible for cutaneous Th2 skewing to haptens and peptide antigens but not to protein antigens. Recently, several studies reported the existence of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which differ from classic T cells in that they lack the T cell receptor. Mast cells and basophils can interact with ILCs and play some roles in the pathogenesis of Th2 responses. Basophil-derived interleukin (IL)-4 enhances the expression of the chemokine CCL11, as well as IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13 in ILC2s, leading to the accumulation of eosinophils in allergic reactions. IL-33-stimulated mast cells can play a regulatory role in the development of ILC2-mediated non-antigen-specific protease-induced acute inflammation. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of mast cells and basophils in immunity and inflammation.
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215
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Yamanishi Y, Karasuyama H. Basophil-derived IL-4 plays versatile roles in immunity. Semin Immunopathol 2016; 38:615-22. [PMID: 27160724 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-016-0568-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that basophils play crucial and non-redundant roles in the immune system, in spite of the fact that they are the rarest granulocytes and represent less than 1 % of peripheral blood leukocytes. In response to various stimuli, basophils release effector molecules stored in their cytoplasmic granules, including chemical mediators and proteases, and also secrete cytokines and chemokines. In this review, we will focus on the physiological and pathological roles of basophil-derived IL-4. Basophils can readily produce large quantities of IL-4 and are therefore the important source of IL-4. Basophil-derived IL-4 has been shown to regulate other immune cells, including T cells, B cells, group 2 innate lymphoid cells, monocytes, and macrophages. It also acts on non-hematopoietic cells such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Those cells stimulated with basophil-derived IL-4 contribute to the positive or negative regulation of a variety of immune responses in health and disease, including protection against parasitic and bacterial infections, allergy, and autoimmune diseases. Thus, basophil-derived IL-4 plays versatile roles in immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Yamanishi
- Department of Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.
| | - Hajime Karasuyama
- Department of Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
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216
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Shen C, Detry B, Lecocq M, Pilette C. A novel IgA/Delta-like 4/Notch axis induces immunosuppressive activity in human dendritic cells. Clin Immunol 2016; 168:37-46. [PMID: 27117596 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Shen
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale & Clinique (IREC), Pôle Pneumologie, ORL & dermatologie; Institute for Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bruno Detry
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale & Clinique (IREC), Pôle Pneumologie, ORL & dermatologie; Institute for Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marylène Lecocq
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale & Clinique (IREC), Pôle Pneumologie, ORL & dermatologie; Institute for Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale & Clinique (IREC), Pôle Pneumologie, ORL & dermatologie; Institute for Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
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217
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IL-1β enhances inflammatory TH2 differentiation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:898-901.e4. [PMID: 27212084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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218
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Novel vaccines targeting dendritic cells by coupling allergoids to nonoxidized mannan enhance allergen uptake and induce functional regulatory T cells through programmed death ligand 1. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:558-567.e11. [PMID: 27177779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only curative treatment for allergy. AIT faces pitfalls related to efficacy, security, duration, and patient compliance. Novel vaccines overcoming such inconveniences are in demand. OBJECTIVES We sought to study the immunologic mechanisms of action for novel vaccines targeting dendritic cells (DCs) generated by coupling glutaraldehyde-polymerized grass pollen allergoids to nonoxidized mannan (PM) compared with glutaraldehyde-polymerized allergoids (P) or native grass pollen extracts (N). METHODS Skin prick tests and basophil activation tests with N, P, or PM were performed in patients with grass pollen allergy. IgE-blocking experiments, flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, cocultures, suppression assays, real-time quantitative PCR, ELISAs, and ELISpot assays were performed to assess allergen capture by human DCs and T-cell responses. BALB/c mice were immunized with PM, N, or P. Antibody levels, cytokine production by splenocytes, and splenic forkhead box P3 (FOXP3)(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells were quantified. Experiments with oxidized PM were also performed. RESULTS PM displays in vivo hypoallergenicity, induces potent blocking antibodies, and is captured by human DCs much more efficiently than N or P by mechanisms depending on mannose receptor- and dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing nonintegrin-mediated internalization. PM endorses human DCs to generate functional FOXP3(+) Treg cells through programmed death ligand 1. Immunization of mice with PM induces a shift to nonallergic responses and increases the frequency of splenic FOXP3(+) Treg cells. Mild oxidation impairs these effects in human subjects and mice, demonstrating the essential role of preserving the carbohydrate structure of mannan. CONCLUSIONS Allergoids conjugated to nonoxidized mannan represent suitable vaccines for AIT. Our findings might also be of the utmost relevance to development of therapeutic interventions in other immune tolerance-related diseases.
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219
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Chan PY, Carrera Silva EA, De Kouchkovsky D, Joannas LD, Hao L, Hu D, Huntsman S, Eng C, Licona-Limón P, Weinstein JS, Herbert DR, Craft JE, Flavell RA, Repetto S, Correale J, Burchard EG, Torgerson DG, Ghosh S, Rothlin CV. The TAM family receptor tyrosine kinase TYRO3 is a negative regulator of type 2 immunity. Science 2016; 352:99-103. [PMID: 27034374 PMCID: PMC4935984 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf1358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Host responses against metazoan parasites or an array of environmental substances elicit type 2 immunity. Despite its protective function, type 2 immunity also drives allergic diseases. The mechanisms that regulate the magnitude of the type 2 response remain largely unknown. Here, we show that genetic ablation of a receptor tyrosine kinase encoded byTyro3in mice or the functional neutralization of its ortholog in human dendritic cells resulted in enhanced type 2 immunity. Furthermore, the TYRO3 agonist PROS1 was induced in T cells by the quintessential type 2 cytokine, interleukin-4. T cell-specificPros1knockouts phenocopied the loss ofTyro3 Thus, a PROS1-mediated feedback from adaptive immunity engages a rheostat, TYRO3, on innate immune cells to limit the intensity of type 2 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Y Chan
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Eugenio A Carrera Silva
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Laboratorio de Trombosis Experimental, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Academia Nacional de Medicina-CONICET, Buenos Aires, 1425, Argentina
| | - Dimitri De Kouchkovsky
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Leonel D Joannas
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Liming Hao
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Donglei Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Scott Huntsman
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Paula Licona-Limón
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jason S Weinstein
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - De'Broski R Herbert
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Joseph E Craft
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Department of Internal Medicine (Rheumatology), School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Silvia Repetto
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica, University of Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, 1121, Argentina. Hospital de Clinicas Jose de San Martin, University of Buenos Aires, 1120, Argentina
| | - Jorge Correale
- Center for Research on Neuroimmunological Diseases, Raúl Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (FLENI), Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Esteban G Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. Department of Bioengineering, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Dara G Torgerson
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Carla V Rothlin
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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220
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Tanei R, Hasegawa Y. Atopic dermatitis in older adults: A viewpoint from geriatric dermatology. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16 Suppl 1:75-86. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Tanei
- Department of Dermatology; Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology; Itabashi Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasuko Hasegawa
- Department of Geriatric Pathology; Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology; Itabashi Tokyo Japan
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221
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Kamijo S, Suzuki M, Hara M, Shimura S, Ochi H, Maruyama N, Matsuda A, Saito H, Nakae S, Suto H, Ichikawa S, Ikeda S, Ogawa H, Okumura K, Takai T. Subcutaneous Allergic Sensitization to Protease Allergen Is Dependent on Mast Cells but Not IL-33: Distinct Mechanisms between Subcutaneous and Intranasal Routes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:3559-69. [PMID: 27001956 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protease activity of papain, a plant-derived occupational allergen homologous to mite major allergens, is essential to IgE/IgG1 production and lung eosinophilia induced by intranasal papain administration in mice, and IL-33 contributes to these responses. In this work, we investigate skin and Ab responses induced by s.c. papain administration into ear lobes and responses induced by subsequent airway challenge with papain. Subcutaneous papain injection induced swelling associated with increased epidermal thickness, dermal inflammation, serum IgE/IgG1 responses, and Th2 cytokine production in draining lymph node cells restimulated in vitro. These responses were markedly less upon s.c. administration of protease inhibitor-treated papain. Results obtained by using mast cell-deficient mice and reconstitution of tissue mast cells suggested the contribution of mast cells to papain-specific IgE/IgG1 responses and eosinophil infiltration. The responses were equivalent between wild-type and IL-33(-/-) mice. After the subsequent airway challenge, the s.c. presensitized wild-type mice showed more severe lung eosinophilia than those without the presensitization. The presensitized IL-33(-/-) mice showed modest lung eosinophilia, which was absent without the presensitization, but its severity and IgE boost by the airway challenge were markedly less than the presensitized wild-type mice, in which protease activity of inhaled papain contributed to the responses. The results suggest that mechanisms for the protease-dependent sensitization differ between skin and airway and that cooperation of mast cell-dependent, IL-33-independent initial sensitization via skin and protease-induced, IL-33-mediated mechanism in re-exposure via airway to protease allergens maximizes the magnitude of the transition from skin inflammation to asthma in natural history of progression of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Kamijo
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Mayu Suzuki
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Materials and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
| | - Mutsuko Hara
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Sakiko Shimura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hirono Ochi
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Natsuko Maruyama
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Akira Matsuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Saito
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakae
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; and Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Hajime Suto
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Saori Ichikawa
- Department of Materials and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
| | - Shigaku Ikeda
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Toshiro Takai
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
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222
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Wang H, Lin J, Liu X, Liang Z, Yang P, Ran P, Liu Z. Identification of α-tubulin, Der f 33, as a novel allergen from Dermatophagoides farinae. Immunobiology 2016; 221:911-7. [PMID: 27067709 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND House dust mites are an important source of indoor allergens. More than 30 allergens of Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae) have been identified. Yet there may be many other allergens in mites remain to be characterized. METHODS α-Tubulin (also named Der f 33) was cloned, expressed and purified. Reaction to specific-IgE, skin prick test and a mouse asthma model were employed to determine the allergenicity of Der f 33. RESULTS The recombinant Der f 33 reacted to the serum of patients with mite allergy. The positive rate of skin prick test (SPT) was 23.5%. In an asthma mouse model, Der f 33 induced the airway allergy-like responses. Moreover, serum specific IgE and IgG1, interleukin-4 (IL-4) from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and spleen cell culture supernatant were markedly increased. In addition, Der f 33 upregulated the CD80 and TNF-α levels in dendritic cells (DCs). CONCLUSIONS Der f 33 is a novel allergen of D. farinae. It modulates the functions of DCs and induces airway allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Otolaryngology Institutes, Allergy and Immunology Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University; Shenzhen University School of Medicine, 3688 Nanhai Blvd., Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jianli Lin
- Otolaryngology Institutes, Allergy and Immunology Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Otolaryngology Institutes, Allergy and Immunology Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University; Shenzhen University School of Medicine, 3688 Nanhai Blvd., Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhilin Liang
- Otolaryngology Institutes, Allergy and Immunology Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Pingchang Yang
- Otolaryngology Institutes, Allergy and Immunology Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University; Shenzhen University School of Medicine, 3688 Nanhai Blvd., Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Pixin Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Otolaryngology Institutes, Allergy and Immunology Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University; Shenzhen University School of Medicine, 3688 Nanhai Blvd., Shenzhen 518060, China.
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223
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Davis BP, Rothenberg ME. Mechanisms of Disease of Eosinophilic Esophagitis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2016; 11:365-93. [PMID: 26925500 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-012615-044241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a recently recognized inflammatory disease of the esophagus with clinical symptoms derived from esophageal dysfunction. The etiology of EoE is now being elucidated, and food hypersensitivity is emerging as the central cornerstone of disease pathogenesis. Herein, we present a thorough picture of the current clinical, pathologic, and molecular understanding of the disease with a focus on disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P Davis
- Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242;
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229;
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224
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Hoffmann HJ. News in Cellular Allergology: A Review of the Human Mast Cell and Basophil Granulocyte Literature from January 2013 to May 2015. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2016; 168:253-62. [DOI: 10.1159/000443960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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225
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Steelant B, Farré R, Wawrzyniak P, Belmans J, Dekimpe E, Vanheel H, Van Gerven L, Kortekaas Krohn I, Bullens DMA, Ceuppens JL, Akdis CA, Boeckxstaens G, Seys SF, Hellings PW. Impaired barrier function in patients with house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis is accompanied by decreased occludin and zonula occludens-1 expression. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 137:1043-1053.e5. [PMID: 26846377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tight junction (TJ) defects have recently been associated with asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis. The expression, function, and regulation of nasal epithelial TJs remain unknown in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). OBJECTIVE We investigated the expression, function, and regulation of TJs in the nasal epithelium of patients with house dust mite (HDM)-induced AR and in an HDM-induced murine model of allergic airway disease. METHODS Air-liquid interface cultures of primary nasal epithelial cells of control subjects and patients with HDM-induced AR were used for measuring transepithelial resistance and passage to fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 kDa (FD4). Ex vivo transtissue resistance and FD4 permeability of nasal mucosal explants were measured. TJ expression was evaluated by using real-time quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence. In addition, the effects of IL-4, IFN-γ, and fluticasone propionate (FP) on nasal epithelial cells were investigated in vitro. An HDM murine model was used to study the effects of allergic inflammation and FP treatment on transmucosal passage of FD4 in vivo. RESULTS A decreased resistance in vitro and ex vivo was found in patients with HDM-induced AR, with increased FD4 permeability and reduced occludin and zonula occludens-1 expression. AR symptoms correlated inversely with resistance in patients with HDM-induced AR. In vitro IL-4 decreased transepithelial resistance and increased FD4 permeability, whereas IFN-γ had no effect. FP prevented IL-4-induced barrier dysfunction in vitro. In an HDM murine model FP prevented the allergen-induced increased mucosal permeability. CONCLUSION We found impaired nasal epithelial barrier function in patients with HDM-induced AR, with lower occludin and zonula occludens-1 expression. IL-4 disrupted epithelial integrity in vitro, and FP restored barrier function. Better understanding of nasal barrier regulation might lead to a better understanding and treatment of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brecht Steelant
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ricard Farré
- Translational Research in Gastro Intestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paulina Wawrzyniak
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Belmans
- Pediatric Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emily Dekimpe
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Clinical Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanne Vanheel
- Translational Research in Gastro Intestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Van Gerven
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Clinical Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inge Kortekaas Krohn
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique M A Bullens
- Pediatric Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan L Ceuppens
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Guy Boeckxstaens
- Translational Research in Gastro Intestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sven F Seys
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter W Hellings
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Clinical Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospitals Ghent, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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226
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Froidure A, Shen C, Pilette C. Dendritic cells revisited in human allergic rhinitis and asthma. Allergy 2016; 71:137-48. [PMID: 26427032 DOI: 10.1111/all.12770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The role of dendritic cells (DCs) in airway allergy has been studied for 15 years; recent data has highlighted the cross talk with airway epithelial cells and environmental factors (allergens, virus) during the inception and exacerbation of allergic asthma. Although murine models have provided key information, it remains uncertain to what extent these basic mechanisms take place in human allergic disease, notably with regard to different clinical phenotypes. In the present review, we discuss new evidence regarding mechanisms of DC regulation in the mouse which could be important in human asthma. Finally, after discussing the effects of current therapies on DC biology, we focus on pathways that could represent targets for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Froidure
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique; Université Catholique de Louvain and Walloon Institute for Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology; Brussels Belgium
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, service de pneumologie; Brussels Belgium
| | - C. Shen
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique; Université Catholique de Louvain and Walloon Institute for Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology; Brussels Belgium
| | - C. Pilette
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique; Université Catholique de Louvain and Walloon Institute for Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology; Brussels Belgium
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, service de pneumologie; Brussels Belgium
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227
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T Follicular Helper Cell Plasticity Shapes Pathogenic T Helper 2 Cell-Mediated Immunity to Inhaled House Dust Mite. Immunity 2016; 44:259-73. [PMID: 26825674 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental antigens, such as house dust mite (HDM), often leads to T helper 2 (Th2) cell-driven allergic responses. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of these responses are incompletely understood. We found that the initial exposure to HDM did not lead to Th2 cell development but instead promoted the formation of interleukin-4 (IL-4)-committed T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. Following challenge exposure to HDM, Tfh cells differentiated into IL-4 and IL-13 double-producing Th2 cells that accumulated in the lung and recruited eosinophils. B cells were required to expand IL-4-committed Tfh cells during the sensitization phase, but did not directly contribute to disease. Impairment of Tfh cell responses during the sensitization phase or Tfh cell depletion prevented Th2 cell-mediated responses following challenge. Thus, our data demonstrate that Tfh cells are precursors of HDM-specific Th2 cells and reveal an unexpected role of B cells and Tfh cells in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma.
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228
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Macrophages are critical to the maintenance of IL-13-dependent lung inflammation and fibrosis. Mucosal Immunol 2016; 9:38-55. [PMID: 25921340 PMCID: PMC4626445 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2015.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The roles of macrophages in type 2-driven inflammation and fibrosis remain unclear. Here, using CD11b-diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) transgenic mice and three models of interleukin 13 (IL-13)-dependent inflammation, fibrosis, and immunity, we show that CD11b(+) F4/80(+) Ly6C(+) macrophages are required for the maintenance of type 2 immunity within affected tissues but not secondary lymphoid organs. Direct depletion of macrophages during the maintenance or resolution phases of secondary Schistosoma mansoni egg-induced granuloma formation caused a profound decrease in inflammation, fibrosis, and type 2 gene expression. Additional studies with CD11c-DTR and CD11b/CD11c-DTR double-transgenic mice suggested that macrophages but not dendritic cells were critical. Mechanistically, macrophage depletion impaired effector CD4(+) T helper type 2 (Th2) cell homing and activation within the inflamed lung. Depletion of CD11b(+) F4/80(+) Ly6C(+) macrophages similarly reduced house dust mite-induced allergic lung inflammation and suppressed IL-13-dependent immunity to the nematode parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Consequently, therapeutic strategies targeting macrophages offer a novel approach to ameliorate established type 2 inflammatory diseases.
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229
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Halim TYF, Hwang YY, Scanlon ST, Zaghouani H, Garbi N, Fallon PG, McKenzie ANJ. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells license dendritic cells to potentiate memory TH2 cell responses. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:57-64. [PMID: 26523868 PMCID: PMC4685755 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rapid activation of memory CD4(+) T helper 2 (TH2) cells during allergic inflammation requires their recruitment into the affected tissue. Here we demonstrate that group 2 innate lymphoid (ILC2) cells have a crucial role in memory TH2 cell responses, with targeted depletion of ILC2 cells profoundly impairing TH2 cell localization to the lungs and skin of sensitized mice after allergen re-challenge. ILC2-derived interleukin 13 (IL-13) is critical for eliciting production of the TH2 cell-attracting chemokine CCL17 by IRF4(+)CD11b(+)CD103(-) dendritic cells (DCs). Consequently, the sentinel function of DCs is contingent on ILC2 cells for the generation of an efficient memory TH2 cell response. These results elucidate a key innate mechanism in the regulation of the immune memory response to allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timotheus YF Halim
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - You Yi Hwang
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Seth T Scanlon
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Habib Zaghouani
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Natalio Garbi
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institutes of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University of Bonn, Bonn D-53105, Germany
| | - Padraic G Fallon
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- National Children’s Research Centre, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andrew NJ McKenzie
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
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230
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The Guinea Pig Sensitized by House Dust Mite: A Model of Experimental Cough Studies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 905:87-95. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2016_217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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231
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Murphy TL, Grajales-Reyes GE, Wu X, Tussiwand R, Briseño CG, Iwata A, Kretzer NM, Durai V, Murphy KM. Transcriptional Control of Dendritic Cell Development. Annu Rev Immunol 2015; 34:93-119. [PMID: 26735697 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The dendritic cells (DCs) of the immune system function in innate and adaptive responses by directing activity of various effector cells rather than serving as effectors themselves. DCs and closely related myeloid lineages share expression of many surface receptors, presenting a challenge in distinguishing their unique in vivo functions. Recent work has taken advantage of unique transcriptional programs to identify and manipulate murine DCs in vivo. This work has assigned several nonredundant in vivo functions to distinct DC lineages, consisting of plasmacytoid DCs and several subsets of classical DCs that promote different immune effector modules in response to pathogens. In parallel, a correspondence between human and murine DC subsets has emerged, underlying structural similarities for the DC lineages between these species. Recent work has begun to unravel the transcriptional circuitry that controls the development and diversification of DCs from common progenitors in the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa L Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri 63110;
| | - Gary E Grajales-Reyes
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri 63110;
| | - Xiaodi Wu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri 63110;
| | - Roxane Tussiwand
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carlos G Briseño
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri 63110;
| | - Arifumi Iwata
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri 63110;
| | - Nicole M Kretzer
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri 63110;
| | - Vivek Durai
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri 63110;
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri 63110; .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri 63110
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232
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Lundie RJ, Webb LM, Marley AK, Phythian-Adams AT, Cook PC, Jackson-Jones LH, Brown S, Maizels RM, Boon L, O'Keeffe M, MacDonald AS. A central role for hepatic conventional dendritic cells in supporting Th2 responses during helminth infection. Immunol Cell Biol 2015; 94:400-10. [PMID: 26657145 PMCID: PMC4817239 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2015.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the key initiators of T-helper (Th) 2 immune responses against the parasitic helminth Schistosoma mansoni. Although the liver is one of the main sites of antigen deposition during infection with this parasite, it is not yet clear how distinct DC subtypes in this tissue respond to S. mansoni antigens in vivo, or how the liver microenvironment might influence DC function during establishment of the Th2 response. In this study, we show that hepatic DC subsets undergo distinct activation processes in vivo following murine infection with S. mansoni. Conventional DCs (cDCs) from schistosome-infected mice upregulated expression of the costimulatory molecule CD40 and were capable of priming naive CD4(+) T cells, whereas plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) upregulated expression of MHC class II, CD86 and CD40 but were unable to support the expansion of either naive or effector/memory CD4(+) T cells. Importantly, in vivo depletion of pDCs revealed that this subset was dispensable for either maintenance or regulation of the hepatic Th2 effector response during acute S. mansoni infection. Our data provides strong evidence that S. mansoni infection favors the establishment of an immunogenic, rather than tolerogenic, liver microenvironment that conditions cDCs to initiate and maintain Th2 immunity in the context of ongoing antigen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Lundie
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lauren M Webb
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Angela K Marley
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Peter C Cook
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lucy H Jackson-Jones
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sheila Brown
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rick M Maizels
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Louis Boon
- EPIRUS Biopharmaceuticals, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Meredith O'Keeffe
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew S MacDonald
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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233
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Gueguen C, Bouley J, Moussu H, Luce S, Duchateau M, Chamot-Rooke J, Pallardy M, Lombardi V, Nony E, Baron-Bodo V, Mascarell L, Moingeon P. Changes in markers associated with dendritic cells driving the differentiation of either TH2 cells or regulatory T cells correlate with clinical benefit during allergen immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 137:545-58. [PMID: 26522402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory dendritic cell (DC) markers, such as C1Q, are upregulated in PBMCs of patients with grass pollen allergy exhibiting clinical benefit during allergen immunotherapy (AIT). OBJECTIVES We sought to define markers differentially expressed in human monocyte-derived DCs differentiated toward a proallergic (DCs driving the differentiation of TH2 cells [DC2s]) phenotype and investigate whether changes in such markers in the blood correlate with AIT efficacy. METHODS Transcriptomes and proteomes of monocyte-derived DCs polarized toward DCs driving the differentiation of TH1 cells (DC1s), DC2s, or DCs driving the differentiation of regulatory T cells (DCreg cells) profiles were compared by using genome-wide cDNA microarrays and label-free quantitative proteomics, respectively. Markers differentially regulated in DC2s and DCreg cells were assessed by means of quantitative PCR in PBMCs from 80 patients with grass pollen allergy before and after 2 or 4 months of sublingual AIT in parallel with rhinoconjunctivitis symptom scores. RESULTS We identified 20 and 26 new genes/proteins overexpressed in DC2s and DCreg cells, respectively. At an individual patient level, DC2-associated markers, such as CD141, GATA3, OX40 ligand, and receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 4 (RIPK4), were downregulated after a 4-month sublingual AIT course concomitantly with an upregulation of DCreg cell-associated markers, including complement C1q subcomponent subunit A (C1QA), FcγRIIIA, ferritin light chain (FTL), and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 (SLCO2B1), in the blood of clinical responders as opposed to nonresponders. Changes in such markers were better correlated with clinical benefit than alterations of allergen-specific CD4(+) T-cell or IgG responses. CONCLUSIONS A combination of 5 markers predominantly expressed by blood DCs (ie, C1Q and CD141) or shared with lymphoid cells (ie, FcγRIIIA, GATA3, and RIPK4) reflecting changes in the balance of regulatory/proallergic responses in peripheral blood can be used as early as after 2 months to monitor the early onset of AIT efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Gueguen
- Research and Pharmaceutical Development, Stallergenes, Antony, France
| | - Julien Bouley
- Research and Pharmaceutical Development, Stallergenes, Antony, France
| | - Hélène Moussu
- Research and Pharmaceutical Development, Stallergenes, Antony, France
| | - Sonia Luce
- Research and Pharmaceutical Development, Stallergenes, Antony, France
| | - Magalie Duchateau
- Unité de Spectrométrie de Masse Structurale et Protéomique, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Julia Chamot-Rooke
- Unité de Spectrométrie de Masse Structurale et Protéomique, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marc Pallardy
- Université Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR 996, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Vincent Lombardi
- Research and Pharmaceutical Development, Stallergenes, Antony, France
| | - Emmanuel Nony
- Research and Pharmaceutical Development, Stallergenes, Antony, France
| | | | - Laurent Mascarell
- Research and Pharmaceutical Development, Stallergenes, Antony, France
| | - Philippe Moingeon
- Research and Pharmaceutical Development, Stallergenes, Antony, France.
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234
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Trautwein-Weidner K, Gladiator A, Kirchner FR, Becattini S, Rülicke T, Sallusto F, LeibundGut-Landmann S. Antigen-Specific Th17 Cells Are Primed by Distinct and Complementary Dendritic Cell Subsets in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005164. [PMID: 26431538 PMCID: PMC4591991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida spp. can cause severe and chronic mucocutaneous and systemic infections in immunocompromised individuals. Protection from mucocutaneous candidiasis depends on T helper cells, in particular those secreting IL-17. The events regulating T cell activation and differentiation toward effector fates in response to fungal invasion in different tissues are poorly understood. Here we generated a Candida-specific TCR transgenic mouse reactive to a novel endogenous antigen that is conserved in multiple distant species of Candida, including the clinically highly relevant C. albicans and C. glabrata. Using TCR transgenic T cells in combination with an experimental model of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) we investigated antigen presentation and Th17 priming by different subsets of dendritic cells (DCs) present in the infected oral mucosa. Candida-derived endogenous antigen accesses the draining lymph nodes and is directly presented by migratory DCs. Tissue-resident Flt3L-dependent DCs and CCR2-dependent monocyte-derived DCs collaborate in antigen presentation and T cell priming during OPC. In contrast, Langerhans cells, which are also present in the oral mucosa and have been shown to prime Th17 cells in the skin, are not required for induction of the Candida-specific T cell response upon oral challenge. This highlights the functional compartmentalization of specific DC subsets in different tissues. These data provide important new insights to our understanding of tissue-specific antifungal immunity. Candida spp. are present in the normal microbiota without causing damage to the host. They can become pathogenic and bear a serious health hazard for individuals with a weakened immune system. The continuous incidence of fungal infections and the increase in resistance against available antifungal drugs urge the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies. Knowledge gained from understanding how immunocompetent mammals control Candida will help develop new immunotherapeutic and-prophylactic approaches suitable to improve patient prognosis. It is well known that T helper cells, and in particular the Th17 subset, provide resistance against mucocutaneous infections with Candida. However, the mechanisms through which T cell-mediated antifungal immunity is induced in such context are not well understood. Here we developed a new experimental system to study the regulation of antigen-specific T cells with high resolution. Our results reveal the interplay of different dendritic cell subsets associated to the oral mucosa of infected mice that directly present fungal antigen to Candida-specific T cells and orchestrate a protective Th17 response in a tissue specific manner. Thus, our data highlight important features of immune regulation in the oral mucosa, a tissue that is immunologically not well characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Florian R. Kirchner
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Section of Immunology, Institute of Virology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Simone Becattini
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Federica Sallusto
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Salomé LeibundGut-Landmann
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Section of Immunology, Institute of Virology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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235
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Dendritic cell and epithelial cell interactions at the origin of murine asthma. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2015; 11 Suppl 5:S236-43. [PMID: 25525726 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201405-218aw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are ideally placed in the airways and lungs to capture inhaled allergens. Different subsets of DCs perform different tasks. Migratory conventional DCs (cDCs) expressing CD11b mediate Th2 priming to respiratory allergens, whereas cDCs expressing CD103 mediate tolerance to them. Monocyte-derived DCs are poorly migratory antigen-presenting cells that mainly produce proinflammatory chemokines and are necessary for maintaining allergic airway inflammation once initiated. The function of the airway DC network is closely controlled by cytokines released from airway epithelial cells. Airway epithelial cells react to pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns released on allergen inhalation by producing pro-Th2 polarizing cytokines and chemokines that attract and activate DCs. This conceptual framework of epithelial and DC collaboration is very helpful in explaining the process of allergic sensitization and how this is influenced by genetics and environment.
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236
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Nanoparticle conjugation enhances the immunomodulatory effects of intranasally delivered CpG in house dust mite-allergic mice. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14274. [PMID: 26387548 PMCID: PMC4585708 DOI: 10.1038/srep14274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An emerging strategy in preventing and treating airway allergy consists of modulating the immune response induced against allergens in the lungs. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides have been investigated in airway allergy studies, but even if promising, efficacy requires further substantiation. We investigated the effect of pulmonary delivery of nanoparticle (NP)-conjugated CpG on lung immunity and found that NP-CpG led to enhanced recruitment of activated dendritic cells and to Th1 immunity compared to free CpG. We then evaluated if pulmonary delivery of NP-CpG could prevent and treat house dust mite-induced allergy by modulating immunity directly in lungs. When CpG was administered as immunomodulatory therapy prior to allergen sensitization, we found that NP-CpG significantly reduced eosinophilia, IgE levels, mucus production and Th2 cytokines, while free CpG had only a moderate effect on these parameters. In a therapeutic setting where CpG was administered after allergen sensitization, we found that although both free CpG and NP-CpG reduced eosinophilia and IgE levels to the same extent, NP conjugation of CpG significantly enhanced reduction of Th2 cytokines in lungs of allergic mice. Taken together, these data highlight benefits of NP conjugation and the relevance of NP-CpG as allergen-free therapy to modulate lung immunity and treat airway allergy.
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237
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Moran TP, Nakano K, Whitehead GS, Thomas SY, Cook DN, Nakano H. Inhaled house dust programs pulmonary dendritic cells to promote type 2 T-cell responses by an indirect mechanism. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L1208-18. [PMID: 26386119 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00256.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction of allergen-specific T helper 2 (Th2) cells by lung dendritic cells (DCs) is a critical step in allergic asthma development. Airway delivery of purified allergens or microbial products can promote Th2 priming by lung DCs, but how environmentally relevant quantities and combinations of these factors affect lung DC function is unclear. Here, we investigated the ability of house dust extract (HDE), which contains a mixture of environmental adjuvants, to prime Th2 responses against an innocuous inhaled antigen. Inhalational exposure to HDE conditioned lung conventional DCs, but not monocyte-derived DCs, to induce antigen-specific Th2 differentiation. Conditioning of DCs by HDE was independent of Toll-like receptor 4 signaling, indicating that environmental endotoxin is dispensable for programming DCs to induce Th2 responses. DCs directly treated with HDE underwent maturation but were poor stimulators of Th2 differentiation. In contrast, DCs treated with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from HDE-exposed mice induced robust Th2 differentiation. DC conditioning by BALF was independent of the proallergic cytokines IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. BALF treatment of DCs resulted in upregulation of CD80 but low expression of CD40, CD86, and IL-12p40, which was associated with Th2 induction. These findings support a model whereby environmental adjuvants in house dust indirectly program DCs to prime Th2 responses by triggering the release of endogenous soluble factor(s) by airway cells. Identifying these factors could lead to novel therapeutic targets for allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P Moran
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Keiko Nakano
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Gregory S Whitehead
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Seddon Y Thomas
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Donald N Cook
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Hideki Nakano
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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238
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Scanlon ST, McKenzie ANJ. The messenger between worlds: the regulation of innate and adaptive type-2 immunity by innate lymphoid cells. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 45:9-20. [PMID: 25423949 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although type-2 immune responses evolved primarily to defend against extracellular helminths, in part through the co-opting of tissue repair and remodeling mechanisms, they are often inappropriately directed towards relatively innocuous allergens resulting in conditions including asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis. The recent discovery of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) has increased our understanding of the initiation of these responses and the roles played by CD4(+) T helper (Th) 2 cells in their modulation. This review focuses on the important messenger role of ILC2 in translating epithelial-derived alarmins into downstream adaptive type-2 responses via dendritic cells and T cells, with special emphasis on their roles in allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Scanlon
- Protein & Nucleic Acid Chemistry (PNAC) Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
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239
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Song T, Zheng YM, Vincent PA, Cai D, Rosenberg P, Wang YX. Canonical transient receptor potential 3 channels activate NF-κB to mediate allergic airway disease via PKC-α/IκB-α and calcineurin/IκB-β pathways. FASEB J 2015; 30:214-29. [PMID: 26373801 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-274860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the role of canonical transient receptor potential 3 (TRPC3) channel in allergen-induced airway disease (AIAD) and its underlying signaling mechanisms. The procedures included (1) intravenous injection of lentiviral TRPC3 channel or nonsilencing short hairpin ribonucleic acid (shRNA) to make the channel knockdown (KD) or control mice, (2) allergen sensitization/challenge to induce AIAD, (3) patch-clamp recording and Ca(2+) imaging to examine the channel activity, and (4) gene manipulations and other methods to determine the underlying signaling mechanisms. The findings are that (1) intravenous or intranasal delivery of TRPC3 channel lentiviral shRNAs or blocker 1-[4-[(2,3,3-trichloro-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid prevents AIAD in mice, (2) TRPC3 channel KD and overexpression, respectively, blocks and augments protein kinase C-α/nuclear factor of κ light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cell inhibitor-α (PKC-α/IκB-α)-mediated or calcineurin/IκB-β-dependent, NF-κB-dependent allergen-induced airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) hyperproliferation and cyclin D1 (an important cell proliferation molecule) induction, and (3) the changes of the major molecules of the PKC-α/IκBα- and calcineurin/IκB-β-dependent NF-κB signaling pathways are also observed in asthmatic human ASMCs. The conclusions are that TRPC3 channels plays an essential role in AIAD via the PKC-α/IκB-α- and calcineurin/IκB-β-dependent NF-κB signaling pathways, and lentiviral shRNA or inhibitor of TRPC3 channels may become novel and effective treatments for AIAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyao Song
- *Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- *Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peter A Vincent
- *Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dongsheng Cai
- *Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paul Rosenberg
- *Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- *Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Li J, Zhang F, Li J. The Immunoregulatory Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Treatment of Asthma or Asthmatic Inflammation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:1059-81. [PMID: 26364661 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory symptoms with variable airflow limitation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and causes high economic burden. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long-lasting history of using herbal medicine in the treatment of various respiratory diseases including asthma. In the last several decades, an increasing number of herbs have been shown to be effective in the treatment of asthma in clinical trials or asthmatic inflammation in animal models. Literature about the effects of TCM on the immune system were searched in electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus from 2000 to 2014. 'TCM' and 'asthma' were used as keywords for the searches. Over 400 literatures were searched and the literatures about the immune system were selected and reviewed. We only reviewed literatures published in English. Accumulating evidence suggests that TCM can directly inhibit the activation and migration of inflammatory cells, regulate the balance of Th1/Th2 responses, and suppress allergic hyperreactivity through inducing regulatory T cells or attenuating the function of dendritic cells (DCs). These studies provided useful information to facilitate the use of TCM to treat asthma. This review was conducted to classify the findings based on their possible mechanisms of action reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Fuchun Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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Ma YL, Huang FJ, Cong L, Gong WC, Bai HM, Li J, Chen CX, Zhou NY, Jiang XL, Yin L, Chen XP. IL-4-Producing Dendritic Cells Induced during Schistosoma japonica Infection Promote Th2 Cells via IL-4-Dependent Pathway. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:3769-80. [PMID: 26363056 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although dendritic cells (DCs) have been widely demonstrated to play essential roles in initiation of Th2 responses in helminth infections and allergic reactions, the mechanisms remain uncertain largely because DCs do not produce IL-4. In present investigation, we have uncovered a novel subset of DCs from mice infected with Th2-provoking pathogens Schistosoma japonica, which independently promoted Th2 cells via IL-4-dependent pathway. These DCs contained similar levels of IL-4 mRNA and higher levels of IL-12p40 mRNA comparing to basophils, correlating to their Th2-promoting and Th1-promoting dual polarization capacities. Characterized by expression of FcεRI(+), these DCs were induced independent of T cells. Further investigations revealed that Th2-promoting FcεRI(+) DCs were monocyte-derived inflammatory DCs, which were sufficient to induce Th2 cells in vivo. Egg Ags together with GM-CSF or IL-3 alone were able to stimulate the generation of Th2-promoting FcεRI(+) DCs from bone marrow cells in vitro. To our knowledge, our data for the first time demonstrate that IL-4-producing DCs are induced under some Th2-provoking situations, and they should play important roles in initiation of Th2 response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lei Ma
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Feng-Juan Huang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Li Cong
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wen-Ci Gong
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hong-Mei Bai
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chun-Xia Chen
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Nian-Yu Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Jiang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lan Yin
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
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Schuijs MJ, Willart MA, Vergote K, Gras D, Deswarte K, Ege MJ, Madeira FB, Beyaert R, van Loo G, Bracher F, von Mutius E, Chanez P, Lambrecht BN, Hammad H. Farm dust and endotoxin protect against allergy through A20 induction in lung epithelial cells. Science 2015; 349:1106-10. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aac6623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Sarfati M, Wakahara K, Chapuy L, Delespesse G. Mutual Interaction of Basophils and T Cells in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2015; 6:399. [PMID: 26284078 PMCID: PMC4522868 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Basophils are, together with mast cells, typical innate effector cells of allergen-induced IgE-dependent allergic diseases. Both cell types express the high-affinity receptor for IgE (FcεR1), release histamine, inflammatory mediators, and cytokines following FcεR1 cross-linking. Basophils are rare granulocytes in blood, lymphoid, and non-lymphoid tissues, and the difficulties to detect and isolate these cells has hampered the study of their biology and the understanding of their possible role in pathology. Furthermore, the existence of other FcεR1-expressing cells, including professional Ag-presenting dendritic cells, generated some controversy regarding the ability of basophils to express MHC Class II molecules, present Ag and drive naïve T cell differentiation into Th2 cells. The focus of this review is to present the recent advances on the interactions between basophils and peripheral blood and tissue memory Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, as well as their potential role in IgE-independent non-allergic chronic inflammatory disorders, including human inflammatory bowel diseases. Basophils interactions with the innate players of IgE-dependent allergic inflammation, particularly innate lymphoid cells, will also be considered. The previously unrecognized function for basophils in skewing adaptive immune responses opens novel perspectives for the understanding of their contribution to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Sarfati
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal , Montréal, QC , Canada
| | - Keiko Wakahara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Laurence Chapuy
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal , Montréal, QC , Canada
| | - Guy Delespesse
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal , Montréal, QC , Canada
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246
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Otsuka A, Kabashima K. Contribution of Basophils to Cutaneous Immune Reactions and Th2-Mediated Allergic Responses. Front Immunol 2015; 6:393. [PMID: 26284076 PMCID: PMC4522869 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Basophils are potent effector cells of innate immunity and also play a role in T helper 2 (Th2)-mediated allergic responses. But, although their in vitro functions are well studied, their in vivo functions remain largely unknown. However, several mouse models of basophil depletion have recently been developed and used to investigate basophil functions. For example, in a croton oil-induced model of irritant contact dermatitis in conditionally basophil-depleted transgenic mice, we found that basophils rapidly infiltrate inflamed skin and subsequently induce infiltration of eosinophils. We also showed that basophils induce Th2 skewing upon epicutaneous sensitization with various haptens and peptide antigens. Intriguingly, basophils also promoted Th2 polarization upon protein antigen exposure in the presence of dendritic cells (DCs). The dermal DC subset associated with Th2 skewing was recently identified as CD301b+ DC. Such studies with basophil-deficient mouse models have significantly improved our understanding of the mechanisms involved in human immune-related diseases. In this review, we will focus on the relative contribution of basophils and DCs to Th2-mediated allergic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan ; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency , Kawaguchi, Saitama , Japan
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Lin YL, Chen SH, Wang JY. Critical role of IL-6 in dendritic cell-induced allergic inflammation of asthma. J Mol Med (Berl) 2015; 94:51-9. [PMID: 26232935 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-015-1325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Interleukin (IL)-6 plays important roles in autoimmunity and inflammation and is essential for T helper (Th) 2 and Th17 differentiation. However, whether it is involved in the development and function of dendritic cells (DCs) during allergen-induced airway inflammation and airway hyper-reactivity (AHR) remains undefined. In this study, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p)-induced airway inflammation and AHR were studied in IL-6 knockout (KO) mice. Der p-loaded bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) from IL-6 KO mice were used to assaying their ability to induce airway inflammation in naïve wild-type mice. Our results showed that IL-6 KO mice showed reduced AHR, significant decreases in inflammatory cell recruitment and Th2 and Th17 cytokine production in the airways, and lowered Der p-specific immunoglobulin G1 after Der p exposure. Further exploration of BMDCs from IL-6 KO mice revealed decreased activity of phagocytosis and reduced expression of MHC class II and CD86 after Der p stimulation. Adoptive transfer of Der p-loaded BMDCs from IL-6 KO mice also showed a functional defect in their inability to induce Th2 and Th17 immune responses and trigger airway inflammation and AHR in recipient mice. Finally, in allergic asthmatics, DCs that differentiated from monocytes treated with anti-IL-6 receptor antibody (tocilizumab) had poor capacity for eliciting Th2 polarization as compared to DCs generated from monocytes without antibody treatment. In conclusion, IL-6 signaling in DCs is essential for their uptake of allergens, maturation, and initiation of Th2/Th17-mediated airway inflammation and AHR in asthma, thus providing a new potential target for treating allergic asthma. KEY MESSAGES IL-6 signaling is important for DCs to take up allergens and to initiate Th2/Th17-mediated airway inflammation. DCs from allergic asthmatics treated with anti-IL-6 receptor antibody had poor capacity for eliciting Th2 polarization. Anti-IL-6 treatment may provide a new potential target for treating allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lin Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Hua Chen
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research (ACIR) Center, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,China Medical University Children Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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Shi JP, Li XN, Zhang XY, Du B, Jiang WZ, Liu MY, Wang JJ, Wang ZG, Ren H, Qian M. Gpr97 Is Dispensable for Inflammation in OVA-Induced Asthmatic Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131461. [PMID: 26132811 PMCID: PMC4489018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a complex inflammatory disorder involving the activation and invasion of various immune cells. GPR97 is highly expressed in some immunocytes, including mast cells and eosinophils, which play critical roles in asthma development. However, the role of Gpr97 in regulating airway inflammation in asthma has rarely been reported. In this study, we investigated the potential role of Gpr97 in the development of allergic asthma in mice. METHODS Relevant airway asthmatic mouse models were constructed with both wild-type and Gpr97-/- mice sensitized to 250 μg ovalbumin (OVA). The levels of interleukin IL-4, IL-6 and IFN-γ, which are involved in OVA-induced asthma, in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the IgE level in the serum were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The invasion of mast cells and eosinophils into lung tissues was assessed by immunohistochemical and eosinophil peroxidase activity assays, respectively. Goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus production were morphologically evaluated with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. RESULTS In our study, no obvious alteration in the inflammatory response or airway remodeling was found in the Gpr97-deficient mice with OVA-induced asthma. Neither the secretion of cytokines, including IL-4, IL-6 and IFN-γ, nor inflammatory cell recruitment was altered in the Gpr97-deficient mice. Moreover, Gpr97 deficiency did not affect airway remodeling or mucus production in the asthma mouse model. CONCLUSION Our findings imply that Gpr97 might not be required for the development of airway inflammation in OVA-induced allergic asthma in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue-ping Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-ning Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-yu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-zheng Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-yao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-jin Wang
- Shanghai Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu-gang Wang
- Shanghai Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Ren
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Platzer B, Stout M, Fiebiger E. Functions of dendritic-cell-bound IgE in allergy. Mol Immunol 2015; 68:116-9. [PMID: 26052071 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) functions as an Fc-receptor-bound antigen sensor for mast cells and basophils, the classical effector cells of allergy. A cell-bound IgE pool is formed when monomeric IgE binds to FcɛRI, the high affinity IgE Fc receptor on these cells, and minor amounts of antigen are sufficient to trigger the pro-allergic innate IgE effector axis. Additionally, FcɛRI is constitutively expressed on human dendritic cells (DCs), and thus the latter cell type also receives signals via cell-bound IgE. Notably, steady-state expression of FcɛRI on DCs is absent in SPF-housed mice. How DCs integrate IgE/FcɛRI-derived signals into their sentinel functions as gatekeepers of immunity was therefore only recently studied with transgenic mice that phenocopy human FcɛRI expression. In this review, we summarize advances in our understanding of the functions of DC-bound IgE which demonstrate that IgE-mediated activation of DCs in allergic Th2-type inflammation appears to be immune regulatory rather than pro-inflammatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Platzer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Madeleine Stout
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Edda Fiebiger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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