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Zhou L, Li S, Wu Y, Chen Q, Hu X, Jiang J, Shi Y, Shen D, Xie L. Significant dysregulation of lipid metabolism in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma after thyroidectomy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1223527. [PMID: 37900134 PMCID: PMC10602777 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1223527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Thyroidectomy and thyrotropin suppressive therapy is the widely used surgical treatment for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients. However, systematic metabolic changes of post-operative PTC patients were rarely reported. Methods Here, untargeted metabolomic detection of cohorts from PTC before (t0) and 1-month-after (t1) thyroidectomy, were performed to characterize circulating metabolic signatures after surgical treatment. Results Our results showed PTC patients exhibited lower thyroid stimulating hormone degree, higher total thyroxine, and significant lipid-related metabolic alternations after thyroidectomy, which included 97 upregulations (including 93 lipids) and 5 downregulations (including 2 lipids and 3 nucleotides). Enrichment of metabolic pathways mainly included biosynthesis of fatty acids, purine metabolism, and linoleic acid metabolism. We also demonstrated that differential surgical approaches (hemi- and total thyroidectomy) and post-operative complication phenotypes (insomnia, fatigue), might lead to characteristic metabolic signatures. Discussion This study revealed dynamic changes of metabolite characteristics of PTC patients after surgical treatment, which were associated with clinical thyroid function parameters, surgical approaches, and complication occurrence. It enlightened us to pay more attention on the post-operative metabolic dysregulation of PTC patients and their long-term qualities of life, so as to provide cautious clinical decisions on surgical choices, treatments, and follow-up details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- Head and Neck Surgery, The affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province, Dian Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province, Dian Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Medical, Hangzhou Calibra Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaotong Hu
- Pathology, The affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junchang Jiang
- Pathology, The affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaoyao Shi
- Pathology, The affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province, Dian Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Head and Neck Surgery, The affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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202
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Fan H, Ren Q, Sheng Z, Deng G, Li L. The role of the thyroid in polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1242050. [PMID: 37867519 PMCID: PMC10585146 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1242050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disease in women of childbearing age and can cause metabolic disorder, infertility, and increased anxiety and depression; as a result, it can seriously affect the physical and mental health of fertile women. PCOS is a highly clinically heterogeneous disease with unclear etiology and pathogenesis, which increases the difficulty of treatment. The thyroid gland has complex regulatory effects on metabolism, reproduction, and emotion, and produces hormones that act on almost all cells of the human body. The clinical manifestations of PCOS are similar to some thyroid diseases. Furthermore, some thyroid diseases, such as subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), not only increase the incidence rate of PCOS, but also exacerbate its associated metabolic abnormalities and reproductive disorders. Interestingly, PCOS also increases the incidence of some thyroid diseases. However, the role of the thyroid in PCOS remains unclear. This review is intended to thoroughly explore the critical role of the thyroid in PCOS by summarizing the comorbidity of PCOS and thyroid diseases and their combined role in metabolic disorders, related metabolic diseases, and reproductive disorders; and by analyzing the potential mechanism through which the thyroid influences the development and progression of PCOS and its symptoms. We hope this review will provide a valuable reference for the role of the thyroid in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Fan
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingling Ren
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhejin Sheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ganxiu Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Limei Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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203
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Lv F, Cai X, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhou X, Han X, Ji L. Sensitivity to thyroid hormone and risk of components of metabolic syndrome in a Chinese euthyroid population. J Diabetes 2023; 15:900-910. [PMID: 37429739 PMCID: PMC10590679 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To evaluate the association of sensitivity to thyroid hormone with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a Chinese euthyroid population. METHODS A total of 3573 participants from Pinggu Metabolic Disease Study were analyzed. Serum-free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyrotropin (TSH), total adipose tissue (TAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) area of abdominal, and lumbar skeletal muscle area (SMA) were measured. Central thyroid hormone resistance was calculated by the Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI) and Chinese-referenced Parametric TFQI (PTFQI), Thyrotroph T4 Resistance Index (TT4RI) and TSH Index (TSHI). Peripheral thyroid hormone resistance was assessed by FT3/FT4 ratio. RESULTS Higher values of TSHI (odds ratio [OR] = 1.167, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.079-1.262, p < .001), TT4RI (OR = 1.115, 95% CI: 1.031-1.206, p = .006), TFQI (OR = 1.196, 95% CI: 1.106-1.294, p < .001), PTFQI (OR = 1.194, 95% CI: 1.104-1.292, p < .001), and lower values of FT3/FT4 ratio (OR = 0.914, 95% CI: 0.845-0.990, p = .026) were associated with MetS. Increased levels of TFQI and PTFQI were associated with abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension. Increased levels of TSHI and TT4RI were associated with hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal obesity, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Reduced levels of FT3/FT4 ratio were associated with hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia. The levels of TSHI, TFQI, and PTFQI were negatively related to SMA and positively related to VAT, SAT, and TAT (all p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Reduced thyroid hormone sensitivity was associated with MetS and its components. Impaired thyroid hormone sensitivity might affect the distribution of adipose tissue and muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lv
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoling Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of EndocrinologyBeijing Pinggu HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xianghai Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xueyao Han
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Linong Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
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204
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Oliveira JM, Zenzeluk J, Bargi-Souza P, Szawka RE, Romano MA, Romano RM. The effects of glyphosate-based herbicide on the hypothalamic-pituitary thyroid axis are tissue-specific and dependent on age exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:122216. [PMID: 37479171 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
The significant increase in glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) use raises concerns about residues in the environment and food, potentially jeopardizing human health. The involvement of GBHs in the increased incidence of thyroid disorders is speculated, since glyphosate has been linked to an increased risk of thyroid disease in farmers. In this sense, this study aims to investigate the potential effects of low levels of GBH exposure (0, 0.5 or 5 mg/kg) from weaning (postnatal day PND23) to adult life (PND60 and PND90) in male Wistar rats on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis function. The serum levels of T4 were increased. The hypothalamus showed reduced expression of Dio2, Thra1, and Thra2. The pituitary showed reduced expression of Mct8 and Dio2 and increased expression of Thra1. The thyroid showed increased expression of Tshr and Thra1. The heart showed increased expression of Mct8 and Myh6. The liver showed reduced expression of Mct8 and Thra2 and increased expression of Thra1. In thyroid morphometry, a decrease in both follicular diameter and area and decreased follicular and colloid diameters and areas were observed. These results suggested that GBH may affect several steps of HPT axis regulation at the transcriptional level in an age-dependent manner and alter the morphometric parameters of the thyroid gland and TH synthesis, with potential repercussions in the TH-target organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeane Maria Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, State University of Central-West (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava, Parana, Brazil
| | - Jamilli Zenzeluk
- Department of Medicine, State University of Central-West (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava, Parana, Brazil
| | - Paula Bargi-Souza
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raphael Escorsim Szawka
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurelio Romano
- Department of Medicine, State University of Central-West (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava, Parana, Brazil
| | - Renata Marino Romano
- Department of Medicine, State University of Central-West (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava, Parana, Brazil.
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205
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Levy SB, Bribiescas RG. Hierarchies in the energy budget: Thyroid hormones and the evolution of human life history patterns. Evol Anthropol 2023; 32:275-292. [PMID: 37584402 DOI: 10.1002/evan.22000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of human life history characteristics required dramatic shifts in energy allocation mechanisms compared with our primate ancestors. Thyroid hormones, such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), are sensitive to energy balance, and are significant determinants for both tissue-specific and whole-body metabolic rate. Thus, thyroid hormones are in part responsible for setting the body's overall energy budget and likely played an important role in the evolution of human life history patterns. We propose that the dynamics of mammalian T3 production, uptake, and action have evolved so that energy allocation prioritizes the high demands of brain development and functioning, often at the expense of growth and reproduction. This paper explores the role of thyroid hormone dynamics in the evolution of human encephalization, prolonged childhood and adolescence, long lifespans, reproduction, and human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie B Levy
- Department of Anthropology, CUNY Hunter College, New York, New York, USA
- New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, New York, USA
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206
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Brent GA. A Historical Reflection on Scientific Advances in Understanding Thyroid Hormone Action. Thyroid 2023; 33:1140-1149. [PMID: 37594753 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2022.0636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Background: Thyroid hormone (TH) has actions in every tissue of the body and is essential for normal development, as well as having important actions in the adult. The earliest markers of TH action that were identified and monitored clinically, even before TH could be measured in serum, included oxygen consumption, basal metabolic rate, serum cholesterol, and deep tendon reflex time. Cellular, rodent, amphibian, zebrafish, and human models have been used to study TH action. Summary: Early studies of the mechanism of TH action focused on saturable-specific triiodothyronine (T3) nuclear binding and direct actions of T3 that altered protein expression. Additional effects of TH were recognized on mitochondria, stimulation of ion transport, especially the sodium potassium ATPase, augmentation of adrenergic signaling, role as a neurotransmitter, and direct plasma membrane effects. The cloning of the thyroid hormone receptor (THR) genes in 1986 and report of the THR crystal structure in 1995 produced rapid progress in understanding the mechanism of TH nuclear action, as well as the development of modified THR ligands. These findings revealed nuances of TH signaling, including the role of nuclear receptor coactivators and corepressors, repression of positively stimulated genes by the unliganded receptor, THR isoform-specific actions of TRα (THRA) and TRβ (THRB), and THR binding DNA as a heterodimer with retinoid-x-receptor (RXR) for genes positively regulated by TH. The identification of genetic disorders of TH transport and signaling, especially Resistance to Thyroid Hormone (RTH) and monocarboxylate transporter 8 (Mct8) defects, has been highly informative with respect to the mechanism of TH action. Conclusions: The impact of THR isoform, post-translational modifications, receptor cofactors, DNA response element, and selective TH tissue uptake, on TH action, have clinical implications for diagnosing and treating thyroid disease. Additionally, these findings have led to the development of novel TH and TH analogue therapies for metabolic, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Brent
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
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207
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Beyer J, Song Y, Lillicrap A, Rodríguez-Satizábal S, Chatzigeorgiou M. Ciona spp. and ascidians as bioindicator organisms for evaluating effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals: A discussion paper. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 191:106170. [PMID: 37708617 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
In context of testing, screening and monitoring of endocrine-disrupting (ED) type of environmental pollutants, tunicates could possibly represent a particularly interesting group of bioindicator organisms. These primitive chordates are already important model organisms within developmental and genomics research due to their central position in evolution and close relationship to vertebrates. The solitary ascidians, such as the genus Ciona spp. (vase tunicates), could possibly be extra feasible as ED bioindicators. They have a free-swimming, tadpole-like larval stage that develops extremely quickly (<20 h under favorable conditions), has a short life cycle (typically 2-3 months), are relatively easy to maintain in laboratory culture, have fully sequenced genomes, and transgenic embryos with 3D course data of the embryo ontogeny are available. In this article, we discuss possible roles of Ciona spp. (and other solitary ascidians) as ecotoxicological bioindicator organisms in general but perhaps especially for effect studies of contaminants with presumed endocrine disrupting modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonny Beyer
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, NO-0579, Oslo, Norway.
| | - You Song
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, NO-0579, Oslo, Norway
| | - Adam Lillicrap
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, NO-0579, Oslo, Norway
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208
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Tee SA, Tsatlidis V, Razvi S. The GLP-1 receptor agonist exenatide reduces serum TSH by its effect on body weight in people with type 2 diabetes. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2023; 99:401-408. [PMID: 36843143 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity leads to a significant reduction in serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels but it is unclear whether this is related to weight loss and improvement in sensitivity to thyroid hormones (TH). DESIGN, PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS We prospectively analysed clinical and biochemical data in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity who were commenced on the GLP-1 RA exenatide and followed them for 12 months. We assessed the relationship between changes in body weight and serum TSH and resistance to TH indices. RESULTS In 112 patients (mean age: 53.5 years, 43.8% female, mean body mass index: 39.8 kg/m2 ), 12 months of exenatide treatment was associated with a mean (95% CI) percent body weight loss of 6.5% (5.0%-8.1%) and change in serum TSH of -0.25 mU/L (-0.43 to -0.06). There was a significant negative and nonlinear relationship between change in serum TSH and percent body weight loss: -0.25 mU/L with 5%, -0.4 mU/L with 10% and -0.5 mU/L with 15%, respectively, whereas a rise in serum TSH of 0.5 mU/L was associated with 5% weight gain. There were no changes observed in serum FT4 levels with weight loss but a significant reduction in resistance to TH indices was noted. CONCLUSIONS Exenatide therapy reduces serum TSH levels and improves central sensitivity to TH action over 12 months via its effect on weight loss. The effectiveness of weight loss strategies, rather than TH replacement, should be investigated in individuals with obesity and mildly raised serum TSH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Ann Tee
- Department of Endocrinology, Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, UK
| | - Vasileios Tsatlidis
- Department of Endocrinology, Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, UK
| | - Salman Razvi
- Department of Endocrinology, Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, UK
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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209
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Hou X, Shi H, Jiang Y, Li X, Chen K, Li Q, Liu R. Transcriptome analysis reveals the neuroactive receptor genes response to Streptococcus agalactiae infection in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109090. [PMID: 37722443 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The detailed crosstalk between the neuroendocrine and immune systems in Oreochromis niloticus, an economically important fish, in response to pathogenic infections, remains unclear. This study revealed the head kidney transcriptional profiles of O. niloticus upon infections with Streptococcus agalactiae, a prevalent pathogen known to cause severe meningitis. Twelve cDNA libraries of O. niloticus head kidney, representing four treatment time points (0, 6, 24, and 48 h), were constructed and a total of 2,528 differentially expressed genes were identified based on pairwise comparisons. KEGG pathway analysis revealed a significant enrichment of the 'neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction' pathway (ko04080), with 13 genes exhibiting differential expression during S. agalactiae infection. Among these, six neuroactive receptor genes (lepr, nr3c1, ptger4, thrb, tspo, and β2-ar) were selected, cloned, and characterized. Although these genes are ubiquitously expressed, and in head kidney leukocytes, their expression was mainly observed in T cells, Mo/Mφ, and NCCs, which are characterized by antimicrobial responses. Furthermore, we examined the response patterns of these six neuroactive receptor genes to gram-positive (S. agalactiae) and gram-negative (Aeromonas hydrophila) bacteria in four different tissues. Notably, lepr, ptger4, tspo, and β2-ar were upregulated in all selected tissues in response to S. agalactiae and A. hydrophila infections. However, nr3c1 and thrb were downregulated in response to S. agalactiae infection in the head kidney and spleen, whereas nr3c1 was upregulated, and thrb was unresponsive to A. hydrophila infection. Our findings provide a theoretical foundation for understanding new links between the neuroendocrine and immune systems during bacterial infection in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xitan Hou
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
| | - Haokai Shi
- College of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoke Li
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Kaiqi Chen
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qi Li
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Ruonan Liu
- College of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
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210
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Calcaterra V, Magenes VC, Siccardo F, Hruby C, Basso M, Conte V, Maggioni G, Fabiano V, Russo S, Veggiotti P, Zuccotti G. Thyroid dysfunction in children and adolescents affected by undernourished and overnourished eating disorders. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1205331. [PMID: 37841407 PMCID: PMC10576529 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1205331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (ED) are one of the most prevalent chronic disorders in adolescents and young adults, with a significantly increasing prevalence in younger children, particularly in girls. Even if obesity in essence is not framed as an eating disorder and has always been considered a separate pathology, ED and obesity could be considered part of a continuum. It has become evident that one condition can lead to another, such as binge eating disorder (BED) and bulimia nervosa, and that they share the same repercussions in terms of psychosocial, metabolic, and nutritional health. This narrative review aims to investigate the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in undernourished and overnourished patients with ED, including obesity, in order to highlight the relationship between weight control and thyroid function and its effects and to consider therapeutic and preventive strategies in children and adolescents. Literature data report that thyroid alterations occur in patients with ED, both underweight and overweight, and represent a continuum of changes depending on the severity and time course of the disease involving the endocrine system. Considering the relevant role thyroid hormones (TH) play not only in energy expenditure (EE) but also in metabolic control and cardiovascular risks related to dysmetabolism and mood regulation, continuous monitoring of thyroid homeostasis in patients with ED is mandatory to prevent severe complications and to start early treatment when necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Pediatric, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Hruby
- Department of Pediatric, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Basso
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit (UONPIA), ASST-Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Conte
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit (UONPIA), ASST-Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Maggioni
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit (UONPIA), ASST-Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Fabiano
- Department of Pediatric, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Susanna Russo
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit (UONPIA), ASST-Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Veggiotti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatric, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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Yang S, Sun J, Wang S, E L, Zhang S, Jiang X. Association of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with thyroid hormones in adolescents and adults, and the influence of the iodine status. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:1449-1463. [PMID: 37555279 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00135k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Some studies of endocrine-disrupting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and thyroid hormones (THs) are inconclusive. To assess the associations between PAHs and THs, and the influence of the iodine status on PAHs-THs, we employed 648 adolescents (12-19 years old) and 2691 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2008 and 2011-2012. PAH metabolites [1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-NAP), 2-NAP, 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-PHE), 2-PHE, 3-PHE, 2-hydroxyfluorene (2-FLU), 3-FLU, 9-FLU, and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR)], THs [total and free thyroxine (TT4 and FT4), total and free triiodothyronine (TT3 and FT3), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroglobulin (Tg)], peripheral deiodinase activity (GD) and thyroid's secretory capacity (GT) were involved. Multiple linear regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models were used to assess PAH-TH associations and the interaction between PAHs and the iodine status. Stratification analyses were conducted based on sex, smoking and iodine status. For adolescents, in a multivariable-adjusted regression model (β; 95% CI), 1-PHE (4.08%; 1.01%, and 7.25%), 2-PHE (3.98%; 0.70%, and 7.25%) and 9-FLU (3.77%; 1.10%, 7.47%) were positively correlated with TT3; 3-PHE and 1-PYR interacted with the iodine status (P-int < 0.05); 9-FLU was positively correlated with GD in both sexes. Combined exposure to PAHs was positively associated with Tg (0.137; 0.030, and 0.243), and negatively correlated with TSH (-0.087; -0.166, and -0.008). For adults, 2-NAP was positively correlated with FT3 (0.90%; 0.20%, and 1.61%), FT4 (1.82%; 0.70%, and 2.94%), TT3 (1.31%; 0.10%, and 2.63%), TT4 (2.12%; 0.90%, and 3.36%) and GT (2.22%; 1.01%, and 3.46%), but negatively correlated with TSH (-4.97%; -8.33%, and -1.49%); 1-NAP interacted with the iodine status (P-int < 0.05); 1-PHE was inversely correlated with TT3 in males; 2-PHE was positively correlated with TT3 in females. Combined exposure to PAHs was positively associated with FT3 (0.008; 0.001, and 0.014). Combined exposure to PAHs was positively associated with FT3, TT3 and GD, and negatively correlated with FT4, TT4 and GT in non-smoking adults; but positively associated with Tg (β = 0.140; 95% CI: 0.042, 0.237) in smoking adults. Our results indicated that combined and individual PAH exposure might be related to THs, and the iodine status had an influence on PAH-TH associations. These associations were not identical between adolescents and adults, and there were sex and smoking status differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Junhao Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Shihao Wang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Limei E
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xiubo Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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212
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Alhowail AH, Aldubayan MA. The Impact of Metformin on the Development of Hypothyroidism and Cardiotoxicity Induced by Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, and Fluorouracil in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1312. [PMID: 37765120 PMCID: PMC10535803 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CYP), methotrexate (MTX), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are extensively utilized in the therapeutic management of various malignancies. It is noteworthy, however, that potential chemotherapy-related complications include the occurrence of hypothyroidism and cardiotoxicity. Metformin (MET) is a pharmacological agent for managing type 2 diabetes. It has been reported to mitigate certain toxic manifestations associated with chemotherapy. This study's primary objective is to investigate MET's protective effects against hypothyroidism and cardiotoxicity induced by CMF treatment. A total of forty male rats were allocated into four distinct groups, each consisting of ten rats per group. These groups were categorized as follows: saline, MET, CMF, and CMF + MET. The experimental group of rats were administered CMF via intraperitoneal injection, receiving two doses of CMF, and fed MET in their daily drinking water, with a 2.5 mg/mL concentration. Blood samples were collected into EDTA tubes for assessment of TSH, free and total (T4 and T3), troponin I, CK, and CK-MB levels utilizing Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassays (ECI). The saline and MET groups did not exhibit significant alterations in thyroid hormones or cardiotoxic biomarkers. In contrast, in the CMF group, there was a notable reduction in T4, FT4, T3, and FT3 levels but no significant changes in TSH levels; however, troponin I, CK, and CK-MB levels were notably elevated. MET co-treatment with CMF did not ameliorate these effects caused by CMF. In conclusion, CMF treatment induced hypothyroidism and cardiotoxicity in rats, but MET co-treatment did not rescue the reduction of thyroid hormones or the elevation of cardiotoxic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H. Alhowail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
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213
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Tarboush F, Alsultan M, Alourfi Z. The correlation of lipid profile with subclinical and overt hypothyroidism: A cross-sectional study from Syria. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34959. [PMID: 37713906 PMCID: PMC10508477 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We proceeded with this study to investigate the relationship between hypothyroidism and lipid profile disturbance. A cross-sectional study at Al- Mowasat University Hospital in Damascus was conducted from March 2021 to March 2022, and included 324 adults. For each participant with abnormal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) was requested. The participants were categorized into 3 groups: euthyroid (226 participants), subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) (75 participants), and overt hypothyroidism (23 participants). Fasting lipid profile was tested as: cholesterol (Chol), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL). A significant relationship between hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia was noticed. LDL, TG, and Chol but not HDL showed a significant difference between study groups (euthyroidism, subclinical, and overt hypothyroidism). The lowest levels of these parameters were in euthyroidism and increased in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism subsequently. Overt hypothyroidism showed a significant difference in LDL, TG, and Chol compared to euthyroidism, however, we did not find a difference in lipid parameters in SCH compared to euthyroidism. LDL and Chol showed significant differences between subclinical and overt hypothyroidism. TSH had a positive weak correlation with LDL, TG, and Chol, however, there was no correlation with HDL. Also, FT4 had a negative weak correlation with LDL, TG, and Chol, however, there was a positive correlation with HDL. Our findings suggest a higher level of lipids (LDL, TG, and Chol) among SCH and overt hypothyroidism compared to general population. A weak correlations of lipid parameters with TSH and FT4 were detected. It is not well evident whether a restoration of euthyroidism might influence the morbidity and mortality, especially cardiovascular comorbidities, in this population, which mandates future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Tarboush
- Department of Endocrinology, Damascus University- Faculty of Medicine, Al Assad and Al Mouwasat University Hospitals, Damascus, Syria
| | - Mohammad Alsultan
- Department of Nephrology, Al Assad and Al Mouwasat University Hospitals, Damascus University-Faculty of Medicine, Damascus, Syria
| | - Zaynab Alourfi
- Prof. Department of Endocrinology, Damascus University - Faculty of Medicine, Damascus, Syria
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214
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Khosravipour M, Ghanbari Kakavandi M, Gharagozlou F, Nadri F, Barzegar A, Emami K, Valadi Athar H. Independent, modified, and interacting effects of long-term noise, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields, and shift work exposures on liver enzymes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 333:122036. [PMID: 37321317 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To quantify long-term independent, modified, and interacting effects of noise, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs), and shift work exposures on liver enzymes, a four-year repeated measures study was performed among male workers in a thermal power plant industry from 2016 to 2020. The 8-h equivalent sound pressure levels (Leq) were measured at weighting channels of Z, A, and C for octave-band frequencies. The 8-h time-weighted average of ELF-EMFs levels was measured for each participant. Shift work schedule was determined based on job titles, including 3-rotating night shift work and fixed day shift work schedules. The fasting blood samples were taken to determine liver enzymes (AST, Aspartate transaminase; ALT, Alanine transaminase). The percentage change (PC) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of AST and ALT enzymes were estimated by the different bootstrapped-mixed-effects linear regression models. Per 10-dB noise increase, we found a significantly higher PC (95% CI) of AST and ALT (only LAeq) levels in all regression models with the highest changes for LAeq. For the octave-band noise analysis, there was an upward trend from 31.5 Hz to 1 kHz frequencies and a downward trend from 1 to 8 kHz frequencies. Per 1 mG ELF-EMFs increase, we observed a significantly higher PC (95% CI) of AST and ALT enzymes in the main adjusted and the main adjusted + shift work models. The 3-rotating night than fixed day shift workers had a significant PC in the unadjusted model for AST enzyme and the fully adjusted and the main adjusted + ELF-EMFs models for ALT enzyme. Significant negative two-way or/and three-way interaction effects among the noise, ELF-EMFs, and shift work were observed for both AST and ALT enzymes. Our findings indicated long-term noise, ELF-EMFs, and 3-rotating night shift work exposures may be significantly associated with changes in the levels of liver enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Khosravipour
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoud Ghanbari Kakavandi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research center for Environmental Determinant of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Faramarz Gharagozlou
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research center for Environmental Determinant of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farshad Nadri
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research center for Environmental Determinant of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Akbar Barzegar
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research center for Environmental Determinant of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Khosro Emami
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hossein Valadi Athar
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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215
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Nikanorova AA, Barashkov NA, Pshennikova VG, Teryutin FM, Nakhodkin SS, Solovyev AV, Romanov GP, Burtseva TE, Fedorova SA. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Free Triiodothyronine (FT3) Levels in Humans Depending on Seasonal Air Temperature Changes: Is the Variation in FT3 Levels Related to Nonshivering Thermogenesis? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14052. [PMID: 37762355 PMCID: PMC10531421 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating normal development, growth, and metabolic function. However, the controversy surrounding seasonal changes in free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels remains unresolved. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of variations in FT3 levels in relation to seasonal air temperatures in the context of current knowledge about its role in nonshivering thermogenesis. Ten eligible articles with a total of 336,755 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The studies were categorized into two groups based on the air temperature: "Cold winter", where the winter temperature fell below 0 °C, and "Warm winter", where the winter temperature was above 0 °C. The analysis revealed that in cold regions, FT3 levels decreased in winter compared to summer (I2 = 57%, p < 0.001), whereas in warm regions, FT3 levels increased during winter (I2 = 28%, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that seasonal variations in FT3 levels are likely to be influenced by the winter temperature. Considering the important role of the FT3 in the nonshivering thermogenesis process, we assume that this observed pattern is probably related to the differences in use of thyroid hormones in the brown adipose tissue during adaptive thermogenesis, which may depend on intensity of cold exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena A. Nikanorova
- Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems, Yaroslavskogo 6/3, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia; (A.A.N.); (V.G.P.); (F.M.T.); (T.E.B.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Nikolay A. Barashkov
- Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems, Yaroslavskogo 6/3, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia; (A.A.N.); (V.G.P.); (F.M.T.); (T.E.B.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Vera G. Pshennikova
- Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems, Yaroslavskogo 6/3, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia; (A.A.N.); (V.G.P.); (F.M.T.); (T.E.B.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Fedor M. Teryutin
- Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems, Yaroslavskogo 6/3, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia; (A.A.N.); (V.G.P.); (F.M.T.); (T.E.B.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Sergey S. Nakhodkin
- M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Kulakovskogo 46, 677013 Yakutsk, Russia; (S.S.N.); (A.V.S.); (G.P.R.)
| | - Aisen V. Solovyev
- M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Kulakovskogo 46, 677013 Yakutsk, Russia; (S.S.N.); (A.V.S.); (G.P.R.)
| | - Georgii P. Romanov
- M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Kulakovskogo 46, 677013 Yakutsk, Russia; (S.S.N.); (A.V.S.); (G.P.R.)
| | - Tatiana E. Burtseva
- Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems, Yaroslavskogo 6/3, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia; (A.A.N.); (V.G.P.); (F.M.T.); (T.E.B.); (S.A.F.)
- M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Kulakovskogo 46, 677013 Yakutsk, Russia; (S.S.N.); (A.V.S.); (G.P.R.)
| | - Sardana A. Fedorova
- Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems, Yaroslavskogo 6/3, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia; (A.A.N.); (V.G.P.); (F.M.T.); (T.E.B.); (S.A.F.)
- M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Kulakovskogo 46, 677013 Yakutsk, Russia; (S.S.N.); (A.V.S.); (G.P.R.)
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216
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Guo Y, Li L, Yan S, Shi B. Plant Extracts to Alleviating Heat Stress in Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2831. [PMID: 37760231 PMCID: PMC10525364 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) in cows is a critical issue in the dairy industry. Dairy cows accumulate heat from body metabolism, along with that imposed by air temperature, humidity, air flow and solar radiation. HS in animals can occur during hot and humid summers when the ambient temperature is extremely high. Dairy cows have relatively high feed intakes and metabolic heat production and are thus susceptible to HS, leading to reductions in feed intake, lower milk yield, affected milk quality, reduced animal health and even shortening the productive lifespan of cows. Therefore, alleviating HS is a top priority for the dairy industry. Suitable plant extracts have advantages in safety, efficiency and few toxic side effects or residues for applications to alleviate HS in dairy cows. This paper reviews the effects of some plant extract products on alleviating HS in dairy cows and briefly discusses their possible mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sumei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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217
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Chawalitmongkol K, Maneenil K, Thungthong P, Deerochanawong C. Prevalence and Associated Factors for Thyroid Dysfunction Among Patients On Targeted Therapy for Cancers: A Single-Center Study from Thailand. J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc 2023; 38:77-85. [PMID: 38045662 PMCID: PMC10692429 DOI: 10.15605/jafes.038.02.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the prevalence and associated factors of thyroid dysfunction among cancer patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methodology A cross-sectional study was done in patients who received TKIs at Rajavithi Hospital in 2019. For patients treated with ICI, a retrospective chart review for patients seen in 2018 to 2019 was conducted. If there were abnormal thyroid function tests (TFT), thyroid autoantibodies were tested. Results There were 144 patients on TKIs with a mean age of 56.0 years. Thyroid dysfunction was found in 14.6% of patients and most had subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 16, 11.1%). Imatinib (n = 11, 10.8%) and sunitinib (n = 4, 100%) were the 2 most common TKIs given to patients with thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid dysfunction was associated with male sex, chronic kidney disease and hepatitis B virus infection but not with previous thyroid disease and presence of thyroid autoantibodies.There were 18 patients who received ICIs. The mean age was 63.3 years. Twelve patients (66.7%) used programmed cell death protein-1 antibody (anti-PD1), mainly nivolumab. Thyroid dysfunction was found in 50%, which occurred at a median duration of 46 days. Most patients had overt hypothyroidism and 55.6% needed levothyroxine replacement. Conclusion Thyroid dysfunctions from TKIs were mostly asymptomatic and mild in severity. Some types of TKIs might be associated with thyroid dysfunction. On the other hand, thyroid dysfunction from ICIs usually occurs within 6 months and requires levothyroxine replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korawan Chawalitmongkol
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kunlatida Maneenil
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pravinwan Thungthong
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chaicharn Deerochanawong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand
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218
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Jansen HI, van der Steen R, Brandt A, Olthaar AJ, Vesper HW, Shimizu E, Heijboer AC, Van Uytfanghe K, van Herwaarden AE. Description and validation of an equilibrium dialysis ID-LC-MS/MS candidate reference measurement procedure for free thyroxine in human serum. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:1605-1611. [PMID: 36994743 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-1134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Free thyroxine (FT4) in serum is routinely measured in clinical practice to diagnose and monitor thyroid disease. Due to its concentration in picomolar range and the delicate equilibrium of free and protein-bound T4, accurate measurement is challenging. As a consequence, large inter-method differences in FT4 results exists. Optimal method design and standardization of the FT4 measurement is therefore necessary. The IFCC Working Group for Standardization of Thyroid Function Tests proposed a reference system with a conventional reference measurement procedure (cRMP) for FT4 in serum. In this study, we describe our FT4 candidate cRMP and its validation in clinical samples. METHODS This candidate cRMP is based on equilibrium dialysis (ED) combined with determination of T4 with an isotope-dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS) procedure and was developed according to the endorsed conventions. Its accuracy, reliability, and comparability was investigated using human sera. RESULTS It was shown that the candidate cRMP adhered to the conventions and its accuracy, precision, and robustness were adequate in serum of healthy volunteers. CONCLUSIONS Our candidate cRMP measures FT4 accurately and performs well in serum matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heleen I Jansen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob van der Steen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - André Brandt
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - André J Olthaar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hubert W Vesper
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eri Shimizu
- Reference Material Institute for Clinical Chemistry Standards, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Annemieke C Heijboer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katleen Van Uytfanghe
- Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Ref4U, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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219
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Wu Y, Deng X, Wu Z, Liu D, Fu X, Tang L, He S, Lv J, Wang J, Li Q, Zhan T, Tang Z. Multilayer omics reveals the molecular mechanism of early infection of Clonorchis sinensis juvenile. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:285. [PMID: 37587524 PMCID: PMC10428567 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05891-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clonorchiasis remains a non-negligible global zoonosis, causing serious socioeconomic burdens in endemic areas. Clonorchis sinensis infection typically elicits Th1/Th2 mixed immune responses during the course of biliary injury and periductal fibrosis. However, the molecular mechanism by which C. sinensis juvenile initially infects the host remains poorly understood. METHODS The BALB/c mouse model was established to study early infection (within 7 days) with C. sinensis juveniles. Liver pathology staining and observation as well as determination of biochemical enzymes, blood routine and cytokines in blood were conducted. Furthermore, analysis of liver transcriptome, proteome and metabolome changes was performed using multi-omics techniques. Statistical analyses were performed using Student's t-test. RESULTS Histopathological analysis revealed that liver injury, characterized by collagen deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration, occurred as early as 24 h of infection. Blood indicators including ALT, AST, WBC, CRP and IL-6 indicated that both liver injury and systemic inflammation worsened as the infection progressed. Proteomic data showed that apoptosis and junction-related pathways were enriched within 3 days of infection, indicating the occurrence of liver injury. Furthermore, proteomic and transcriptomic analysis jointly verified that the detoxification and antioxidant defense system was activated by enrichment of glutathione metabolism and cytochrome P450-related pathways in response to acute liver injury. Proteomic-based GO analysis demonstrated that biological processes such as cell deformation, proliferation, migration and wound healing occurred in the liver during the early infection. Correspondingly, transcriptomic results showed significant enrichment of cell cycle pathway on day 3 and 7. In addition, the KEGG analysis of multi-omics data demonstrated that numerous pathways related to immunity, inflammation, tumorigenesis and metabolism were enriched in the liver. Besides, metabolomic screening identified several metabolites that could promote inflammation and hepatobiliary periductal fibrosis, such as CA7S. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that acute inflammatory injury was rapidly triggered by initial infection by C. sinensis juveniles in the host, accompanied by the enrichment of detoxification, inflammation, fibrosis, tumor and metabolism-related pathways in the liver, which provides a new perspective for the early intervention and therapy of clonorchiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xueling Deng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhanshuai Wu
- Department of Immunology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases With Integrative Medicine, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Dengyu Liu
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaoyin Fu
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Lili Tang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shanshan He
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jiahui Lv
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jilong Wang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Tingzheng Zhan
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Zeli Tang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China.
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Sakr HF, Sirasanagandla SR, Das S, Bima AI, Elsamanoudy AZ. Insulin Resistance and Hypertension: Mechanisms Involved and Modifying Factors for Effective Glucose Control. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2271. [PMID: 37626767 PMCID: PMC10452601 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Factors such as aging, an unhealthy lifestyle with decreased physical activity, snacking, a standard Western diet, and smoking contribute to raising blood pressure to a dangerous level, increasing the risk of coronary artery disease and heart failure. Atherosclerosis, or aging of the blood vessels, is a physiological process that has accelerated in the last decades by the overconsumption of carbohydrates as the primary sources of caloric intake, resulting in increased triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol and insulin spikes. Classically, medications ranging from beta blockers to angiotensin II blockers and even calcium channel blockers were used alone or in combination with lifestyle modifications as management tools in modern medicine to control arterial blood pressure. However, it is not easy to control blood pressure or the associated complications. A low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet can reduce glucose and insulin spikes, improve insulin sensitivity, and lessen atherosclerosis risk factors. We reviewed articles describing the etiology of insulin resistance (IR) and its impact on arterial blood pressure from databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar. We discuss how the LCHF diet is beneficial to maintaining arterial blood pressure at normal levels, slowing down the progression of atherosclerosis, and reducing the use of antihypertensive medications. The mechanisms involved in IR associated with hypertension are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein F. Sakr
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman; (S.R.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman; (S.R.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Abdulhadi I. Bima
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.B.); (A.Z.E.)
| | - Ayman Z. Elsamanoudy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.B.); (A.Z.E.)
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221
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Palomba S, Colombo C, Busnelli A, Caserta D, Vitale G. Polycystic ovary syndrome and thyroid disorder: a comprehensive narrative review of the literature. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1251866. [PMID: 37635968 PMCID: PMC10453810 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1251866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Published data on the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid dysfunction are sparse and confusing. Objective To comprehensively review data available in the literature regarding the relationship between PCOS and the thyroid function, and its abnormalities. Methods Nine main areas of interest were identified and analyzed according to the available evidence: 1) Evaluation of thyroid function for PCOS diagnosis; 2) Epidemiology data on thyroid function/disorders in patients with PCOS, and vice versa; 3) Experimental data supporting the relationship between thyroid function/disorders and PCOS; 4) Effects of thyroid function/disorders on PCOS features, and vice versa; 5) Effect of thyroid alterations on the cardiometabolic risk in women with PCOS; 6) Effect of thyroid abnormalities on reproductive outcomes in women with PCOS; 7) Relationship between thyroid function/abnormalities in patients with PCOS who are undergoing fertility treatment; 8) Effect of treatments for thyroid diseases on PCOS; and 9) Effect of treatments for PCOS on thyroid function. An extensive literature search for specific keywords was performed for articles published from 1970 to March 2023 using PubMed and Web of Science. Data were reported in a narrative fashion. Results PCOS is a diagnosis of exclusion for which diagnosis is possible only after excluding disorders that mimic the PCOS phenotype, including thyroid dysfunctions. However, the tests and the cutoff values used for this are not specified. Many experimental and clinical data suggest a relationship between perturbations of the thyroid function and PCOS. Direct and unequivocal evidence on the effects of thyroid function/disorders on PCOS features are lacking. High thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and subclinical hypothyroidism may be associated with significant worsening of several intermediate endpoints of cardiometabolic risk in women with PCOS. Thyroid abnormalities may worsen reproductive outcomes, especially in patients undergoing fertility treatment. To date, there are no data demonstrating the efficacy of thyroid medications on fertility and cardiometabolic risk in women with PCOS. Lifestyle modification changes, metformin, and vitamin D seem to improve thyroid function in the general population. Conclusion PCOS and thyroid disorders are closely related, and their coexistence may identify patients with a higher reproductive and metabolic risk. Regular screening for thyroid function and thyroid-specific autoantibodies in women with PCOS, particularly before and during pregnancy, is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Palomba
- Division of Gynecology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, University “Sapienza” of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Colombo
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Busnelli
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Donatella Caserta
- Division of Gynecology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, University “Sapienza” of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Liu YS, Liu XC, Kuang J, Guan HX. Higher Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones May Be Linked to Maintaining the Healthy Metabolic Condition in People with Obesity: New Insight from NHANES. Obes Facts 2023; 16:497-506. [PMID: 37573776 PMCID: PMC10601624 DOI: 10.1159/000533157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity contributes to the pathogenesis of diverse metabolic diseases, yet the mechanism underlying metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) remains elusive. Thyroid hormones and sensitivity to them have a major impact on metabolism. Our study aimed to investigate the association between MHO and thyroid hormone sensitivity. METHODS Thyroid hormone indices, including the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) index (TSHI), the Thyrotroph Thyroxine Sensitivity Index (TTSI), the Thyroid Feedback Quantile-Based Index (TFQI), and the Parametric Thyroid Feedback Quantile-Based Index (PTFQI), were calculated based on a non-institutionalized US sample in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2007-2012). Participants were divided into four groups (metabolically healthy non-obesity [MHNO], metabolically unhealthy non-obesity [MUNO], MHO, and metabolically unhealthy obesity [MUO]) according to their body mass index and metabolic profiles. Linear regression, logistic regression, and restricted cubic splines were employed to analyze the association between thyroid hormone indices and metabolic phenotypes. RESULTS A total of 4,857 participants (49.6% men; mean age, 42.6 years) were included, with 1,539 having obesity and 235 identified as MHO. Participants in the MHO group exhibited lower levels of TSH, TSHI, TTSI, TFQI, and PTFQI compared with the MHNO group (all p < 0.05), while the differences among MHNO, MUNO, and MUO groups were not statistically significant (all p > 0.05). Among participants with obesity, TSH, TSHI, TTSI, TFQI, and PTFQI were positively associated with metabolic abnormality (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Participants with MHO exhibited higher thyroid hormone sensitivity among various obesity phenotypes, even when compared with those with MHNO. A positive association was observed between metabolic abnormality and thyroid hormone sensitivity, while the trend of TSH was observed to be consistent with sensitivity to thyroid hormone indices in discriminating metabolic abnormality. Hence, TSH has the potential to serve as a convenient index for detecting sensitivity to thyroid hormones and further metabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-shan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-cong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Mycology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Kuang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-xia Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Lee YW, Yang TT, Lin YY, Hsieh YS. Elevated Free Thyroxine Levels Might Alter the Effect of the Lipid Profile on Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2656. [PMID: 37627914 PMCID: PMC10453194 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13162656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that hyperthyroidism is associated with heightened insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Therefore, in this study, we aim to explore the relationship between elevated thyroid hormone levels and the lipid profile in insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with hyperthyroidism. A total of 177 participants were included and grouped according to diagnosis. The serum test results demonstrated that free thyroxine (FT4) increased the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) by positively correlating with triglyceride (TG) levels (p = 0.005, r2 = 0.35). In patients with T2DM with hyperthyroidism, the decreasing high-density lipoprotein levels showed an association with HOMA-IR (p = 0.005). Among all the patients, with different levels of FT4, the areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) of the TG level, TG/high-density lipoprotein ratio, and HOMA-IR were 0.620 (95% CI: 0.536 to 0.698), 0.614 (95% CI: 0.530 to 0.692), and 0.722 (95% CI: 0.645 to 0.791), respectively. Our results suggest that elevated FT4 levels due to hyperthyroidism could alter the association with the lipid profile and insulin resistance in patients with T2DM. We also suggest that among all the included patients with T2DM, irrespective of the presence of hyperthyroidism, FT4 levels are positively correlated with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wei Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11030, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Teng Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11030, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Yu Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11030, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Hsieh
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei City 11230, Taiwan
- Department of Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11030, Taiwan
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Marino L, Kim A, Ni B, Celi FS. Thyroid hormone action and liver disease, a complex interplay. Hepatology 2023:01515467-990000000-00521. [PMID: 37535802 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone action is involved in virtually all physiological processes. It is well known that the liver and thyroid are intimately linked, with thyroid hormone playing important roles in de novo lipogenesis, beta-oxidation (fatty acid oxidation), cholesterol metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism. Clinical and mechanistic research studies have shown that thyroid hormone can be involved in chronic liver diseases, including alcohol-associated or NAFLD and HCC. Thyroid hormone action and synthetic thyroid hormone analogs can exert beneficial actions in terms of lowering lipids, preventing chronic liver disease and as liver anticancer agents. More recently, preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that some analogs of thyroid hormone could also play a role in the treatment of liver disease. These synthetic molecules, thyromimetics, can modulate lipid metabolism, particularly in NAFLD/NASH. In this review, we first summarize the thyroid hormone signaling axis in the context of liver biology, then we describe the changes in thyroid hormone signaling in liver disease and how liver diseases affect the thyroid hormone homeostasis, and finally we discuss the use of thyroid hormone-analog for the treatment of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Marino
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Adam Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, UConn Health, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bin Ni
- Alliance Pharma, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Francesco S Celi
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Wen Y, Zhang H, Yang N, Gao X, Chen Z, Liu J, Wang G. Serum IL-27 levels increase in subjects with hypothyroidism and are negatively correlated with the occurrence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1173826. [PMID: 37600722 PMCID: PMC10433777 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1173826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The level of serum interleukin-27 (IL-27) was significantly decreased in the obesity group. After injection of IL-27, obese mice showed significant weight loss,reduced fat accumulation, improved insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis.IL-27 plays a key role in the regulation of metabolic processes, but there are scarce data on circulating IL-27 levels in hypothyroidism. The purpose of this study was to assess the serum levels of IL-27 in patients with hypothyroidism and its relationship with NAFLD. Methods 185 participants were included in this cross-sectional survey. According to thyroid function, the subjects were classified into three groups: euthyroidism (n = 55), subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 53), and hypothyroidism (n = 77). Serum IL-27 concentrations were measured by ELISA. Results Serum IL27 levels were significantly higher in subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism groups than in the euthyroidism group. Serum IL27 levels had a negative correlation with HOMA-IR,FBG,TG, subcutaneous fat,and visceral fat, and had a positive correlation with HDL-C (P< 0.05). Furthermore, logistic regression analysis indicated that IL-27 levels, HOMA-IR, and visceral fat showed significant associations with NAFLD after complete adjustment (P< 0.05). ROC curves showed that theoptimal cut-off value of serum IL-27 for discriminating NAFLD was 95.87pg/mL. The area under the ROC curve was 77.3% (95% CI = 0.694-0.851, p < 0.001). Conclusions Serum IL-27 levels demonstrated a compensatory increase in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroidism and showed an independent association with NAFLD. Circulating IL-27 levels could predict the occurrence of NAFLD in hypothyroidism. These results suggested that altering the circulating levels of IL-27 may be a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jia Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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226
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Park HK, Ahima RS. Endocrine disorders associated with obesity. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2023; 90:102394. [PMID: 37523934 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2023.102394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Several endocrine disorders, including diabetes, insulinoma, Cushing syndrome, hypothyroidism, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and growth hormone deficiency, are associated with obesity. The mechanisms underlying the development of obesity vary according to the abnormalities of endocrine function. The primary actions of insulin, glucocorticoids (GCs), thyroid hormone, and growth hormone are associated with energy metabolism in the liver, muscle, adipose tissue, and other tissues. This chapter describes the pathogenesis of obesity and metabolic dysfunction associated with excess insulin or GCs and the deficiency of thyroid hormone or growth hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong-Kyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rexford S Ahima
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Professor of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Bloomberg Distinguished Professor of Diabetes, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
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Neves JS, Leite AR, Conceição G, Gonçalves A, Borges-Canha M, Vale C, Von-Hafe M, Martins D, Miranda-Silva D, Leite S, Rocha-Oliveira E, Sousa-Mendes C, Chaves J, Lourenço IM, Grijota-Martínez C, Bárez-López S, Miranda IM, Almeida-Coelho J, Vasques-Nóvoa F, Carvalho D, Lourenço A, Falcão-Pires I, Leite-Moreira A. Effects of Triiodothyronine Treatment in an Animal Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. Thyroid 2023; 33:983-996. [PMID: 37140469 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2022.0717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: Low levels of triiodothyronine (T3) are common in patients with heart failure (HF). Our aim was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with low and replacement doses of T3 in an animal model of HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods: We evaluated four groups: ZSF1 Lean (n = 8, Lean-Ctrl), ZSF1 Obese (rat model of metabolic-induced HFpEF, n = 13, HFpEF), ZSF1 Obese treated with a replacement dose of T3 (n = 8, HFpEF-T3high), and ZSF1 Obese treated with a low-dose of T3 (n = 8, HFpEF-T3low). T3 was administered in drinking water from weeks 13 to 24. The animals underwent anthropometric and metabolic assessments, echocardiography, and peak effort testing with maximum O2 consumption (VO2max) determination at 22 weeks, and a terminal hemodynamic evaluation at 24 weeks. Afterwhile myocardial samples were collected for single cardiomyocyte evaluation and molecular studies. Results: HFpEF animals showed lower serum and myocardial thyroid hormone levels than Lean-Ctrl. Treatment with T3 did not normalize serum T3 levels, but increased myocardial T3 levels to normal levels in the HFpEF-T3high group. Body weight was significantly decreased in both the T3-treated groups, comparing with HFpEF. An improvement in glucose metabolism was observed only in HFpEF-T3high. Both the treated groups had improved diastolic and systolic function in vivo, as well as improved Ca2+ transients and sarcomere shortening and relaxation in vitro. Comparing with HFpEF animals, HFpEF-T3high had increased heart rate and a higher rate of premature ventricular contractions. Animals treated with T3 had higher myocardial expression of calcium transporter ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) and α-myosin heavy chain (MHC), with a lower expression of β-MHC. VO2max was not influenced by treatment with T3. Myocardial fibrosis was reduced in both the treated groups. Three animals died in the HFpEF-T3high group. Conclusions: Treatment with T3 was shown to improve metabolic profile, myocardial calcium handling, and cardiac function. While the low dose was well-tolerated and safe, the replacement dose was associated with increased heart rate, and increased risk of arrhythmias and sudden death. Modulation of thyroid hormones may be a potential therapeutic target in HFpEF; however, it is important to take into account the narrow therapeutic window of T3 in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Sérgio Neves
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Leite
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Glória Conceição
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Gonçalves
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Borges-Canha
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Vale
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Internal Medicine, and Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena Von-Hafe
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pediatrics, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Martins
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Miranda-Silva
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Leite
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Estela Rocha-Oliveira
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Sousa-Mendes
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Chaves
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Mariana Lourenço
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Grijota-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Soledad Bárez-López
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel M Miranda
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Almeida-Coelho
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Vasques-Nóvoa
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Internal Medicine, and Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Davide Carvalho
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - André Lourenço
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Falcão-Pires
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal
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Oxfeldt M, Phillips SM, Andersen OE, Johansen FT, Bangshaab M, Risikesan J, McKendry J, Melin AK, Hansen M. Low energy availability reduces myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis in trained females. J Physiol 2023; 601:3481-3497. [PMID: 37329147 DOI: 10.1113/jp284967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Low energy availability (LEA) describes a state where the energy intake is insufficient to cover the energy costs of both exercise energy expenditure and basal physiological body functions. LEA has been associated with various physiological consequences, such as reproductive dysfunction. However, the effect of LEA on skeletal muscle protein synthesis in females performing exercise training is still poorly understood. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to investigate the impact of LEA on daily integrated myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis in trained females. Thirty eumenorrheic females were matched based on training history and randomized to undergo 10 days of LEA (25 kcal · kg fat-free mass (FFM)-1 · day-1 ) or optimal energy availability (OEA, 50 kcal · kg FFM-1 · day-1 ). Before the intervention, both groups underwent a 5-day 'run-in' period with OEA. All foods were provided throughout the experimental period with a protein content of 2.2 g kg lean mass-1 · day-1 . A standardized, supervised combined resistance and cardiovascular exercise training programme was performed over the experimental period. Daily integrated muscle protein synthesis was measured by deuterium oxide (D2 O) consumption along with changes in body composition, resting metabolic rate, blood biomarkers and 24 h nitrogen balance. We found that LEA reduced daily integrated myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis compared with OEA. Concomitant reductions were observed in lean mass, urinary nitrogen balance, free androgen index, thyroid hormone concentrations and resting metabolic rate following LEA. These results highlight that LEA may negatively affect skeletal muscle adaptations in females performing exercise training. KEY POINTS: Low energy availability (LEA) with potential health and performance impairments is widespread among female athletes. We investigated the impact of 10 days of LEA on daily integrated myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis in young, trained females. We show that LEA impairs myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis in trained females performing exercise training. These findings suggest that LEA may have negative consequences for skeletal muscle adaptations and highlight the importance of ensuring adequate energy availability in female athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Oxfeldt
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Stuart M Phillips
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ole Emil Andersen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Maj Bangshaab
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jeyanthini Risikesan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Regional Hospital Gødstrup, Gødstrup, Denmark
| | - James McKendry
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Mette Hansen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
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229
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Ribera A, Zhang L, Ribeiro C, Vazquez N, Thonkulpitak J, Botelho JC, Danilenko U, van Uytfanghe K, Vesper HW. Practical considerations for accurate determination of free thyroxine by equilibrium dialysis. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2023; 29:9-15. [PMID: 37449264 PMCID: PMC10336244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Free thyroxine (FT4) measurement is one of the most requested tests in patient care for diagnosing and treating thyroid-related illnesses. Equilibrium dialysis (ED) is considered the "gold standard" for FT4 measurement; however, several factors have a profound effect on the reliability of FT4 assays and require special consideration. Methods In the current study, we focused on evaluating critical factors that could contribute to reporting errors, such as adsorption of thyroxine (T4) to labware surfaces, stability of serum samples, stock solutions, and calibrator storage conditions, as well as the solvents used to prepare T4 solutions. Results The adsorption of T4 in ethanolic solutions and dialysates to labware surfaces can be reduced with the careful selection of pipette tips, test tubes, and 96-well plates. Adding pH modifiers to neat T4 solutions can improve its stability. FT4 in serum samples remains stable after exposure to four freeze-thaw cycles, 5 °C for 18-20 h, or -70 °C for a minimum of three years. Conclusion The presented study has demonstrated that the loss of analyte due to pre-analytical and analytical factors during operation of the FT4 reference measurement procedure (RMP) can be minimized by careful selection of all labware for sample preparation. It was found that the accuracy and imprecision of FT4 assays can be influenced by different types of dialysis devices, but acceptable alternatives to ED membranes were identified. This study demonstrates approaches to establish a FT4 method that is independent from specific suppliers and addresses critical pre-analytical and analytical factors important for FT4 measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Ribera
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Li Zhang
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Carla Ribeiro
- Ref4U, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Norma Vazquez
- Battelle Memorial Institute, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Julianne C. Botelho
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Uliana Danilenko
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Katleen van Uytfanghe
- Ref4U, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hubert W. Vesper
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
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230
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MacDonald CR, Choi JE, Hong CC, Repasky EA. Consideration of the importance of measuring thermal discomfort in biomedical research. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:589-598. [PMID: 37330365 PMCID: PMC10619709 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Core temperature stability is the result of a dynamically regulated balance of heat loss and gain, which is not reflected by a simple thermometer reading. One way in which these changes manifest is in perceived thermal comfort, 'feeling too cold' or 'feeling too hot', which can activate stress pathways. Unfortunately, there is surprisingly little preclinical research that tracks changes in perceived thermal comfort in response to either disease progression or various treatments. Without measuring this endpoint, there may be missed opportunities to evaluate disease and therapy outcomes in murine models of human disease. Here, we discuss the possibility that changes in thermal comfort in mice could be a useful and physiologically relevant measure of energy trade-offs required under various physiological or pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron R MacDonald
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Jee Eun Choi
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Chi-Chen Hong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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231
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Miro C, Nappi A, Sagliocchi S, Di Cicco E, Murolo M, Torabinejad S, Acampora L, Pastore A, Luciano P, La Civita E, Terracciano D, Stornaiuolo M, Dentice M, Cicatiello AG. Thyroid Hormone Regulates the Lipid Content of Muscle Fibers, Thus Affecting Physical Exercise Performance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12074. [PMID: 37569453 PMCID: PMC10418733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SkM) lipid composition plays an essential role in physiological muscle maintenance and exercise performance. Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate muscle formation and fuel energy utilization by modulating carbohydrates and lipid and protein metabolism. The best-known effects of THs in SkM include the promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis, the fiber-type switch from oxidative to glycolytic fibers, and enhanced angiogenesis. To assess the role of THs on the lipidic composition of SkM fibers, we performed lipidomic analyses of SkM cells and tissues, glucose tolerance experiments, and exercise performance tests. Our data demonstrated that TH treatment induces remodeling of the lipid profile and changes the proportion of fatty acids in SkM. In brief, THs significantly reduced the ratio of stearic/oleic acid in the muscle similar to what is induced by physical activity. The increased proportion of unsaturated fatty acids was linked to an improvement in insulin sensitivity and endurance exercise. These findings point to THs as critical endocrine factors affecting exercise performance and indicate that homeostatic maintenance of TH signals, by improving cell permeability and receptor stability at the cell membrane, is crucial for muscle physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Serena Sagliocchi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Melania Murolo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Sepehr Torabinejad
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Lucia Acampora
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Arianna Pastore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80149 Naples, Italy; (A.P.); (P.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Paolo Luciano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80149 Naples, Italy; (A.P.); (P.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Evelina La Civita
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80149 Naples, Italy; (A.P.); (P.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
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232
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Benabdelkamel H, Jaber MA, Dahabiyeh LA, Masood A, Almalki RH, Musambil M, Abdel Rahman AM, Alfadda AA. Metabolomic profile of patients on levothyroxine treatment for hypothyroidism. Eur Thyroid J 2023; 12:e230062. [PMID: 37343156 PMCID: PMC10388654 DOI: 10.1530/etj-23-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypothyroidism is clinically characterized by a decrease in levels of the circulating thyroid hormones namely thyroxine and triiodothyronine. The main treatment for hypothyroidism is thyroid hormone replacement using levothyroxine to normalize serum thyroid hormone levels. Objectives In this study, we explored the metabolic changes in the plasma of patients with hypothyroidism after reaching a euthyroid state with levothyroxine treatment. Methods Plasma samples from 18 patients diagnosed as overt hypothyroidism were collected before and after levothyroxine treatment upon reaching a euthyroid state and were analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Multivariate and univariate analyses evaluated data to highlight potential metabolic biomarkers. Results Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics revealed a significant decrease in the levels of ceramide, phosphatidylcholine, triglycerides, acylcarnitine, and peptides after levothyroxine treatment; this could indicate a change in the fatty acid transportation system and an enhanced β-oxidation, compared with a hypothyroid state. At the same time, the decrease in the peptides suggested a shift in protein synthesis. In addition, there was a considerable rise in glycocholic acid following therapy, suggesting the involvement of thyroid hormones in stimulating bile acid production and secretion. Conclusions A metabolomic analysis of patients with hypothyroidism revealed significant changes in several metabolites and lipids after treatment. This study showed the value of the metabolomics technique in providing a complementary understanding of the pathophysiology of hypothyroidism and as a crucial tool for examining the molecular impact of levothyroxine treatment on hypothyroidism. It was an important tool for investigating the therapeutic effects of levothyroxine on hypothyroidism at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Benabdelkamel
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak A Jaber
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Lina A Dahabiyeh
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Afshan Masood
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem H Almalki
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genome Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohthash Musambil
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas M Abdel Rahman
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genome Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and King Saud Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assim A Alfadda
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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233
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Roux N, Miura S, Dussenne M, Tara Y, Lee SH, de Bernard S, Reynaud M, Salis P, Barua A, Boulahtouf A, Balaguer P, Gauthier K, Lecchini D, Gibert Y, Besseau L, Laudet V. The multi-level regulation of clownfish metamorphosis by thyroid hormones. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112661. [PMID: 37347665 PMCID: PMC10467156 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Most marine organisms have a biphasic life cycle during which pelagic larvae transform into radically different juveniles. In vertebrates, the role of thyroid hormones (THs) in triggering this transition is well known, but how the morphological and physiological changes are integrated in a coherent way with the ecological transition remains poorly explored. To gain insight into this question, we performed an integrated analysis of metamorphosis of a marine teleost, the false clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris). We show how THs coordinate a change in color vision as well as a major metabolic shift in energy production, highlighting how it orchestrates this transformation. By manipulating the activity of liver X regulator (LXR), a major regulator of metabolism, we also identify a tight link between metabolic changes and metamorphosis progression. Strikingly, we observed that these regulations are at play in the wild, explaining how hormones coordinate energy needs with available resources during the life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Roux
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Saori Miura
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Mélanie Dussenne
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Yuki Tara
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Shu-Hua Lee
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10, Dah-Uen Rd., Jiau Shi, I-Lan 262, Taiwan
| | | | - Mathieu Reynaud
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Pauline Salis
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Agneesh Barua
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Abdelhay Boulahtouf
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Gauthier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, INRAE USC 1370 École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 46 allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - David Lecchini
- PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS-UAR 3278 CRIOBE BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia; Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL," 66100 Perpignan, France
| | - Yann Gibert
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Laurence Besseau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France.
| | - Vincent Laudet
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan; Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10, Dah-Uen Rd., Jiau Shi, I-Lan 262, Taiwan.
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234
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Manoharan L, Roth B, Bang C, Stenlund H, Ohlsson B. An Okinawan-Based Nordic Diet Leads to Profound Effects on Gut Microbiota and Plasma Metabolites Linked to Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. Nutrients 2023; 15:3273. [PMID: 37513690 PMCID: PMC10384944 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary interventions modify gut microbiota and clinical outcomes. Weight reduction and improved glucose and lipid homeostasis were observed after adopting an Okinawan-based Nordic diet (O-BN) in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The aim of the present study was to explore changes in metabolomics and gut microbiota during O-BN and correlate changes with clinical outcomes. A total of 30 patients (17 women), aged 57.5 ± 8.2 years, diabetes duration 10.4 ± 7.6 years, 90% over-weight, were included. Participants were provided an O-BN for 12 weeks. Before and after intervention, and 16 weeks afterwards, anthropometry and clinical data were estimated and questionnaires were collected, as well as samples of blood and stool. Plasma metabolomics were determined by gas- (GC-MS) or liquid- (LC-MS) chromatography-based mass spectrometry and fecal microbiota determination was based on 16S rRNA amplicons from regions V1-V2. During the intervention, weight (6.8%), waist circumference (6.1%), and levels of glucose, HbA1c, insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol were decreased. Of 602 metabolites, 323 were changed for any or both periods; 199 (101 lipids) metabolites were decreased while 58 (43 lipids) metabolites were increased during the intervention. Changes in glucose homeostasis were linked to changes in, e.g., 1,5-anhydroglucitol, thyroxine, and chiro-inositol. Changes of microbe beta diversity correlated positively with food components and negatively with IL-18 (p = 0.045). Abundance differences at phylum and genus levels were found. Abundances of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Verrucomicrobia correlated with anthropometry, HbA1c, lipids, inflammation, and food. Changes in metabolites and microbiota were reversed after the intervention. The O-BN-induced changes in metabolomics and gut microbiota correspond to clinical outcomes of reduced weight and inflammation and improved glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokeshwaran Manoharan
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), SciLifeLab, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Bodil Roth
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Corinna Bang
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrecht's University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans Stenlund
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bodil Ohlsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden
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235
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Soliz-Rueda JR, López-Fernández-Sobrino R, Torres-Fuentes C, Bravo FI, Suárez M, Mulero M, Muguerza B. Metabolism disturbance by light/dark cycle switching depends on the rat health status: the role of grape seed flavanols. Food Funct 2023; 14:6443-6454. [PMID: 37377055 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00260h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Changes in light/dark cycles and obesogenic diets are related to the disruption of circadian rhythms and metabolic disorders. Grape seed flavanols have shown beneficial effects on metabolic diseases and, recently, a circadian system modulation has been suggested to mediate their health-enhancing properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the grape seed (poly)phenol extract (GSPE) effects in healthy and obese rats after a light/dark cycle disruption. Forty-eight rats were fed a standard (STD) or cafeteria (CAF) diet for 6 weeks under STD conditions of a light/dark cycle (12 h light per day, L12). Then, animals were switched to a long (18 h light per day, L18) or short (6 h light per day, L6) photoperiod and administered a vehicle (VH) or GSPE (25 mg kg-1) for 1 week. The results showed changes in serum lipids and insulin and metabolomic profiles dependent on the photoperiod and animal health status. GSPE administration improved serum parameters and increased the Nampt gene expression in CAF rats and modified the metabolomic profile in a photoperiod-dependent manner. Metabolic effects of light/dark disturbance depend on the health status of the rats, with diet-induced CAF-induced obese rats being more affected. Grape seed flavanols improve the metabolic status in a photoperiod-dependent manner and their effects on the circadian system suggest that part of their metabolic effects could be mediated by their action on biological rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge R Soliz-Rueda
- University Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain.
- Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), University Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Raúl López-Fernández-Sobrino
- University Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain.
| | - Cristina Torres-Fuentes
- University Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain.
- Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), University Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francisca I Bravo
- University Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain.
- Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), University Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Manuel Suárez
- University Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain.
- Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), University Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miquel Mulero
- University Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain.
- Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), University Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Begoña Muguerza
- University Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain.
- Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), University Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Wang Z, Haange SB, Haake V, Huisinga M, Kamp H, Buesen R, Schubert K, Canzler S, Hackermüller J, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Bergen MV. Assessing the Influence of Propylthiouracil and Phenytoin on the Metabolomes of the Thyroid, Liver, and Plasma in Rats. Metabolites 2023; 13:847. [PMID: 37512556 PMCID: PMC10383188 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The thyroid hormones (THs) regulate various physiological mechanisms in mammals, such as cellular metabolism, cell structure, and membrane transport. The therapeutic drugs propylthiouracil (PTU) and phenytoin are known to induce hypothyroidism and decrease blood thyroid hormone levels. To analyze the impact of these two drugs on systemic metabolism, we focused on metabolic changes after treatment. Therefore, in a rat model, the metabolome of thyroid and liver tissue as well as from the blood plasma, after 2-week and 4-week administration of the drugs and after a following 2-week recovery phase, was investigated using targeted LC-MS/MS and GC-MS. Both drugs were tested at a low dose and a high dose. We observed decreases in THs plasma levels, and higher doses of the drugs were associated with a high decrease in TH levels. PTU administration had a more pronounced effect on TH levels than phenytoin. Both drugs had little or no influence on the metabolomes at low doses. Only PTU exhibited apparent metabolome alterations at high doses, especially concerning lipids. In plasma, acylcarnitines and triglycerides were detected at decreased levels than in the controls after 2- and 4-week exposure to the drug, while sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholines were observed at increased levels. Interestingly, in the thyroid tissue, triglycerides were observed at increased concentrations in the 2-week exposure group to PTU, which was not observed in the 4-week exposure group and in the 4-week exposure group followed by the 2-week recovery group, suggesting an adaptation by the thyroid tissue. In the liver, no metabolites were found to have significantly changed. After the recovery phase, the thyroid, liver, and plasma metabolomic profiles showed little or no differences from the controls. In conclusion, although there were significant changes observed in several plasma metabolites in PTU/Phenytoin exposure groups, this study found that only PTU exposure led to adaptation-dependent changes in thyroid metabolites but did not affect hepatic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven-Bastiaan Haange
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Volker Haake
- BASF Metabolome Solutions GmbH, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maike Huisinga
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Hennicke Kamp
- BASF Metabolome Solutions GmbH, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Buesen
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Canzler
- Department of Computational Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörg Hackermüller
- Department of Computational Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, University of Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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237
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Yang W, Jin C, Wang H, Lai Y, Li J, Shan Z. Subclinical hypothyroidism increases insulin resistance in normoglycemic people. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1106968. [PMID: 37484968 PMCID: PMC10358968 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1106968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of simple subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with SCH on insulin resistance. Design and methods A total of 622 people with newly diagnosed T2DM were selected as the study subjects, and 621 normoglycemic people were selected as control subjects. According to the diagnostic criteria of thyroid diseases, the subjects were divided into a normal thyroid function group and a subclinical hypothyroidism group. Both groups received a physical examination, and blood samples were collected. The measurement indexes included FPG, FINS, OGTT2hPG, OGTT2hINS, HbA1c, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, TSH, FT3 and FT4. HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, and TFQI (thyroid feedback quantile index) were calculated. Results There was no significant difference in age or sex distribution between the T2DM group and the normoglycemic group (P>0.05). The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in the T2DM group was significantly higher than that in the normoglycemic group (16.39% vs. 11.27%, P<0.05), and among the different types of thyroid dysfunction, the prevalence of SCH was the highest at 14.95% (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in BMI, waist-hip ratio, blood lipid profile, HOMA-β, and HOMA-IR values between the T2DM with subclinical hypothyroidism group (T2DM+SCH+ group) and the normal thyroid function group (T2DM+SCH- group) (P>0.05). The BMI, waist-hip ratio and HOMA-IR values of the normoglycemic group with subclinical hypothyroidism (T2DM-SCH+ group) were significantly higher than those of the normoglycemic group with normal thyroid function (T2DM-SCH- group) (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences between the T2DM+SCH- and T2DM+SCH+ groups (P>0.05). HOMA-β values were significantly higher in the T2DM-SCH+ group than in the T2DM-SCH-, T2DM+SCH- and T2DM+SCH+ groups (P<0.05). As the TFQI value increased, the body weight, waist-hip ratio, diastolic blood pressure, FPG, OGTT2hPG and HbA1c values gradually increased in the T2DM group and normoglycemic group (P<0.05). HDL-C, FINS, OGTT2hINS and HOMA-β values gradually decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Subclinical hypothyroidism only increases insulin resistance in normoglycemic people. As the sensitivity of the central thyroid decreases, the risk of developing diabetes increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyu Yang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chenye Jin
- Department of Rheumatology Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and The Institute of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yaxin Lai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and The Institute of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiashu Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and The Institute of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhongyan Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and The Institute of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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238
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Novikoff A, Müller TD. The molecular pharmacology of glucagon agonists in diabetes and obesity. Peptides 2023; 165:171003. [PMID: 36997003 PMCID: PMC10265134 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Within recent decades glucagon receptor (GcgR) agonism has drawn attention as a therapeutic tool for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. In both mice and humans, glucagon administration enhances energy expenditure and suppresses food intake suggesting a promising metabolic utility. Therefore synthetic optimization of glucagon-based pharmacology to further resolve the physiological and cellular underpinnings mediating these effects has advanced. Chemical modifications to the glucagon sequence have allowed for greater peptide solubility, stability, circulating half-life, and understanding of the structure-function potential behind partial and "super"-agonists. The knowledge gained from such modifications has provided a basis for the development of long-acting glucagon analogues, chimeric unimolecular dual- and tri-agonists, and novel strategies for nuclear hormone targeting into glucagon receptor-expressing tissues. In this review, we summarize the developments leading toward the current advanced state of glucagon-based pharmacology, while highlighting the associated biological and therapeutic effects in the context of diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Novikoff
- Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
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239
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Bhagat M, Singh P, Sunkara SM, Abraham MT, Barroso Alverde MJ, Mundla SR, Mizrahi Drijanski A, Jobilal A, Lakkimsetti M, Nair N, Razzaq W, Abdin ZU, Gupta I. Effects of Methimazole vs Propylthiouracil in Newborns: A Comparative Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e41505. [PMID: 37551246 PMCID: PMC10404379 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism is more common in women and the sensitivity of thyroid function changes during pregnancy. Excess levels of thyroid hormones and thioamides have a major impact on maternal and fetal outcomes. Our aim was to perform an extensive literature review and provide relevant details concerning the analytical and clinical aspects of the potential effects of the two main drugs used (methimazole and propylthiouracil) in newborns. A thorough literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. In total, 10 relevant studies were identified and data from these studies were extracted and then extrapolated into results after analysis. Three out of four studies that used methimazole and carbimazole, one and two, respectively, showed adverse fetal outcomes requiring surgical management for congenital anomalies like aplasia cutis, patent vitellointestinal duct, and gastroschisis. Out of the three studies that used propylthiouracil, one baby underwent surgery for bilateral pyelectasis, vesicovaginal fistula, anal stenosis, and polydactyly. The findings of the aforementioned studies provide enough evidence to imply that the use of methimazole and carbimazole to treat antenatal hyperthyroidism has worse fetal outcomes than the use of propylthiouracil. Also, given the paucity of data in the existing literature regarding propylthiouracil's effects on newborns, further studies in this demographic are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Bhagat
- Internal Medicine, Government Medical College, Amritsar, IND
| | - Purnima Singh
- College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, ARE
| | | | | | | | - Sravya R Mundla
- Medicine, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, IND
| | | | - Anna Jobilal
- Internal Medicine, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Chennai, IND
| | | | - Nandini Nair
- Internal Medicine, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, IND
| | - Waleed Razzaq
- Internal Medicine, Services Hospital Lahore, Lahore, PAK
| | - Zain U Abdin
- Medicine, District Head Quarter Hospital, Faisalabad, PAK
| | - Ishita Gupta
- Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda, IND
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240
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Giannetto C, Arfuso F, Giudice E, Guercio A, Cannella V, Monteverde V, Piccione G. Interplay Among the Daily Rhythm of the Thyroid Hormones, Uncoupling Protein 1 and the Clock Gene Per2 in Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 126:104496. [PMID: 37088111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
During husbandry, domestic animals are exposed to many factors that can influence their circadian physiology organization leading to an increase in animals' discomfort. Thermal homeostasis is at the basis of animal wellness, the aim of the present study was to investigate the daily fluctuation of serum concentrations of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in association with the daily fluctuation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and clock gene Per2 in healthy horses housed in individual box, to improve the knowledge on this matter. Seven clinically healthy female Italian Saddle horses (8-10 years old, 510 ± 32 kg), were housed in individual boxes under natural photoperiod and environmental temperature and humidity. Blood samples were collected at 4-hour intervals over a 48-hour period, for the assessment of T3, T4, UCP1, and clock gene Per2. The application of two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) on raw data showed a statistically significant effect of time of day on all studied parameters. A robust daily rhythm of T3, T4, and Per2 was observed. T3 showed a diurnal rhythm, with the acrophase at about 5 hours after sunrise, T4 acrophase was observed in the middle of the scotophase, Per2 acrophase was observed close to sunrise. In conclusion, we can claim that in horses kept under natural environmental conditions and not subjected to thermal stress, there is a daily rhythm of thyroid hormones associated with a daily rhythm of Per2 expression in the peripheral blood, and UCP1 remained constant during the two days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Giannetto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Arfuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Messina, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Giudice
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Messina, Italy
| | - Annalisa Guercio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenza Cannella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Monteverde
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Messina, Italy.
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241
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Casula S, Ettleson MD, Bianco AC. Are We Restoring Thyroid Hormone Signaling in Levothyroxine-Treated Patients With Residual Symptoms of Hypothyroidism? Endocr Pract 2023; 29:581-588. [PMID: 37419565 PMCID: PMC11221272 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Levothyroxine (LT4) at doses that maintain the serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels within the normal range constitutes the standard of care for the treatment of hypothyroidism. After a few months, this eliminates the signs and symptoms of overt hypothyroidism in the majority of patients, owing to the endogenous activation of thyroxine to triiodothyronine, the biologically active thyroid hormone. Still, a small percentage of the patients (10%-20%) exhibit residual symptoms, despite having normal serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. These symptoms include cognitive, mood, and metabolic deficits, with a significant impairment in psychological well-being and quality of life. OBJECTIVE To provide a summary of progress in the approach of patients with hypothyroidism that exhibit residual symptoms despite treatment. METHODS We reviewed the current literature and here we focused on the mechanisms leading to a deficiency of T3 in some LT4-treated patients, the role of residual thyroid tissue and the rationale for combination therapy with LT4 + liothyronine (LT3). RESULTS A score of clinical trials comparing therapy with LT4 versus LT4 + LT3 concluded that both are safe and equally effective (neither is superior); however, these trials failed to recruit a sufficiently large number of patients with residual symptoms. New clinical trials that considered LT4-treated symptomatic patients revealed that such patients benefit from and prefer therapy containing LT4 + LT3; desiccated thyroid extract has also been used with similar results. A practical approach to patients with residual symptoms and on initiation of combination therapy with LT4 + LT3 is provided. CONCLUSION A recent joint statement of the American, British, and European Thyroid Associations recommends that a trial with combination therapy be offered to patients with hypothyroidism that do not fully benefit from therapy with LT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Casula
- Department of Endocrinology, Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Miami, Florida
| | - Matthew D Ettleson
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Antonio C Bianco
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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242
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Li L, Song Y, Shi Y, Sun L. Thyroid Hormone Receptor-β Agonists in NAFLD Therapy: Possibilities and Challenges. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:1602-1613. [PMID: 36746649 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive metabolic liver disease with an unknown pathogenesis and no FDA-approved drug treatment to date. Hypothyroidism has been identified as a risk factor for NAFLD as thyroxine is required for regulating metabolism in adults. Thyroxine has been shown to reduce fat in the livers of murine models with experimentally induced NAFLD. The use of synthetic thyroxine has been shown to increase lipid metabolism leading to weight loss; however, thyroxine has also been shown to cause many side effects, especially in the heart. Overcoming these cardiac side effects involves designing agonists specific to one of the 2 gene subtypes for the thyroid hormone (TH) receptor (TR), TRβ. While the other TH receptor subtype, TRα, is mainly expressed in the heart and is responsible for thyroxine's cardiac function, TRβ is mainly expressed in the liver and is involved in liver function. Using TRβ-specific agonists to treat NAFLD can prevent cardiac and other adverse side effects. Several TRβ-specific agonists have shown positive therapeutic effects in NAFLD animal models and have entered clinical trials. We seek to provide a comprehensive updated reference of TRβ-specific agonists in this review and explore the future therapeutic potential of TRβ-specific activation in the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yongquan Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Liangliang Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
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243
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Rastoldo G, Tighilet B. Thyroid Axis and Vestibular Physiopathology: From Animal Model to Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9826. [PMID: 37372973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A recent work of our group has shown the significant effects of thyroxine treatment on the restoration of postural balance function in a rodent model of acute peripheral vestibulopathy. Based on these findings, we attempt to shed light in this review on the interaction between the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and the vestibular system in normal and pathological situations. Pubmed database and relevant websites were searched from inception through to 4 February 2023. All studies relevant to each subsection of this review have been included. After describing the role of thyroid hormones in the development of the inner ear, we investigated the possible link between the thyroid axis and the vestibular system in normal and pathological conditions. The mechanisms and cellular sites of action of thyroid hormones on animal models of vestibulopathy are postulated and therapeutic options are proposed. In view of their pleiotropic action, thyroid hormones represent a target of choice to promote vestibular compensation at different levels. However, very few studies have investigated the relationship between thyroid hormones and the vestibular system. It seems then important to more extensively investigate the link between the endocrine system and the vestibule in order to better understand the vestibular physiopathology and to find new therapeutic leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Rastoldo
- Aix Marseille Université-CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, LNC UMR 7291, 13331 Marseille, France
| | - Brahim Tighilet
- Aix Marseille Université-CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, LNC UMR 7291, 13331 Marseille, France
- GDR Vertige CNRS Unité GDR2074, 13331 Marseille, France
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244
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Khakisahneh S, Zhang XY, Han SY, Song EJ, Nam YD, Kim H. Yijung-tang improves thermogenesis and reduces inflammation associated with gut microbiota in hypothyroid rats. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:32. [PMID: 37270649 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00396-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, considerable attention is focused on exploring the potential relationship between herbal medicine (HM) and the gut microbiome in terms of thermoregulation, which is an important aspect of human health, in modern system biology. However, our knowledge of the mechanisms of HM in thermoregulation is inadequate. Here, we demonstrate that the canonical herbal formula, Yijung-tang (YJT), protects against hypothermia, hyperinflammation, and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in PTU-induced hypothyroid rats. Notably, these properties were associated with alterations in the gut microbiota and signaling crosstalk between the thermoregulatory and inflammatory mediators in the small intestine and brown adipose tissue (BAT). In contrast to the conventional drug L-thyroxine for curing hypothyroidism, YJT has an efficacy for attenuating systematic inflammatory responses, related with depression in intestinal TLR4 and Nod2/Pglyrp1 signaling pathways. Our findings suggest that YJT could promote BAT thermogenesis and prevent systemic inflammation in PTU-induced hypothyroid rats, which was associated with its prebiotic effect on modulating of the gut microbiota and gene expression with relevance in the enteroendocrine function and innate immune systems. These findings may strengthen the rationale of the microbiota-gut-BAT axis for a paradigm shift to enable holobiont-centric medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Khakisahneh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Xue-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Song-Yi Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 245, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 245, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Republic of Korea.
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245
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Sun J, Liu J, Wu TT, Gu ZY, Zhang XW. Sensitivity to thyroid hormone indices are associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma in Chinese patients with thyroid nodules. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:126. [PMID: 37264363 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between thyroid hormone sensitivity and thyroid cancer is unknown, and we aimed to investigate the association between sensitivity to thyroid hormone indices and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in Chinese patients with thyroid nodules (TNs). METHODS A total of 1,998 patients undergoing thyroid surgery due to TNs from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital were included in this study. We evaluated central sensitivity to thyroid hormones, such as thyroid stimulating hormone index (TSHI), TSH T4 resistance index (TT4RI), thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI), and parametric thyroid feedback quantile-based Index (PTFQI). Peripheral sensitivity to thyroid hormone was evaluated by FT3 to FT4 ratio. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between sensitivity to thyroid hormone indices and PTC risk. RESULTS The results showed that central indices of thyroid hormone sensitivity, including TSHI, TT4RI, TFQI, and PTFQI, were positively associated with PTC risk. For each SD increase in TSHI, TT4RI, TFQI, and PTFQI, the odds ratios (OR, 95% CI) of PTC were 1.31 (1.18-1.46), 1.01 (1.01-1.02), 1.94 (1.45-2.60), and 1.82 (1.41-2.34), respectively. On the other hand, the association between peripheral sensitivity to thyroid hormone and PTC was significantly negative. For each SD increase in FT3/FT4 ratio, the OR (95% CI) of PTC was 0.18 (0.03-0.96), and a negative correlation was found between FT3/FT4 ratio and TNM staging of PTC. CONCLUSIONS Sensitivity to thyroid hormone indices could be used as new indicators for predicting PTC in Chinese patients with TNs. Future researches are still needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China.
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Wang Z, Zhang J, Dai Y, Zhang L, Guo J, Xu S, Chang X, Wu C, Zhou Z. Mediating effect of endocrine hormones on association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and birth size: Findings from sheyang mini birth cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 226:115658. [PMID: 36894112 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been reported to affect fetus growth, but current results were inconsistent and their mechanism remained unclear. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the associations of prenatal exposure to single and/or multiple PFAS with birth size and to elucidate whether thyroid hormones and reproductive hormones mediate these associations. METHODS A total of 1087 mother-newborn pairs from Sheyang Mini Birth Cohort Study were included in the present cross-sectional analysis. 12 PFAS, 5 thyroid hormones and 2 reproductive hormones were measured in cord serum. Multiple linear regression models and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were used to examine the associations of PFAS with either birth size or endocrine hormones. One-at-a-time pairwise mediating effect analysis was applied to estimate the mediating effect of single hormone in the association between individual chemical and birth size. High-dimensional mediation approach including elastic net regularization and Bayesian shrinkage estimation were further performed to reduce exposure dimension and figure out the global mediation effects of joint endocrine hormones. RESULTS Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) exposure was positively associated to weight for length z score [WLZ, per log10-unit: regression coefficient (β) = 0.26, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.04, 0.47] and ponderal index (PI, β = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.09, 1.02), and PFAS mixture results fit by BKMR model showed consistent consequences. High-dimensional mediating analyses revealed that thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) explained 6.7% of the positive association between PFAS mixtures exposure and PI [Total effect (TE) = 1.499 (0.565, 2.405); Indirect effect (IE) = 0.105 (0.015, 0.231)]. Besides, 7.3% of the PI variance was indirectly explained by 7 endocrine hormones jointly [TE = 0.810 (0.802, 0.819); IE = 0.040 (0.038, 0.041)]. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal PFAS mixtures exposure, especially PFNA, was positively associated to birth size. Such associations were partly mediated by cord serum TSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- School of Public Health/ MOE Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety/ NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiming Zhang
- School of Public Health/ MOE Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety/ NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiming Dai
- School of Public Health/ MOE Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety/ NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Public Health/ MOE Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety/ NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianqiu Guo
- School of Public Health/ MOE Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety/ NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Sinan Xu
- School of Public Health/ MOE Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety/ NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiuli Chang
- School of Public Health/ MOE Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety/ NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chunhua Wu
- School of Public Health/ MOE Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety/ NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health/ MOE Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety/ NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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247
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Ribera A, Zhang L, Dabbs-Brown A, Sugahara O, Poynter K, van Uytfanghe K, Shimizu E, van Herwaarden AE, Botelho JC, Danilenko U, Vesper HW. Development of an equilibrium dialysis ID-UPLC-MS/MS candidate reference measurement procedure for free thyroxine in human serum. Clin Biochem 2023; 116:42-51. [PMID: 36940844 PMCID: PMC10996286 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate and reliable measurement of human serum free thyroxine (FT4) is critical for the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases. However, concerns have been raised regarding the performance of FT4 measurements in patient care. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Clinical Standardization Programs (CDC-CSP) address these concerns by creating a FT4 standardization program to standardize FT4 measurements. The study aims to develop a highly accurate and precise candidate Reference Measurement Procedure (cRMP), as one key component of CDC-CSP, for standardization of FT4 measurements. METHODS Serum FT4 was separated from protein-bound thyroxine with equilibrium dialysis (ED) following the recommended conditions in the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute C45-A guideline and the published RMP [20,21,23]. FT4 in dialysate was directly quantified with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) without derivatization. Gravimetric measurements of specimens and calibrator solutions, calibrator bracketing, isotope dilution, enhanced chromatographic resolution, and T4 specific mass transitions were used to ensure the accuracy, precision, and specificity of the cRMP. RESULTS The described cRMP agreed well with the established RMP and two other cRMPs in an interlaboratory comparison study. The mean biases of each method to the overall laboratory mean were within ±2.5%. The intra-day, inter-day, and total imprecision for the cRMP were within 4.4%. The limit of detection was 0.90 pmol/L, which was sufficiently sensitive to determine FT4 for patients with hypothyroidism. The structural analogs of T4 and endogenous components in dialysate did not interfere with the measurements. CONCLUSION Our ED-LC-MS/MS cRMP provides high accuracy, precision, specificity, and sensitivity for FT4 measurement. The cRMP can serve as a higher-order standard for establishing measurement traceability and provide an accuracy base for the standardization of FT4 assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Ribera
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
| | - Li Zhang
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States.
| | - Amonae Dabbs-Brown
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
| | - Otoe Sugahara
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
| | - Krista Poynter
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
| | - Katleen van Uytfanghe
- Ref4U-Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eri Shimizu
- Reference Material Institute for Clinical Chemistry Standards, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Julianne C Botelho
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
| | - Uliana Danilenko
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
| | - Hubert W Vesper
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
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248
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Chen Y, Han T. Cross-sectional associations between healthy eating index and thyroid function in U.S. male Adults, NHANES 2007-2012. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:2907-2914. [PMID: 37324875 PMCID: PMC10261730 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about whether diet quality is associated with thyroid function. We aimed to examine the relationship between diet quality and thyroid function. Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2007-2012. A total of 3603 males who were at least 20 years old and had dietary recall data were included in the analysis. Thyroid function was assessed by eight indexes, including total and thyroglobulin antibodies, thyroid peroxidase antibodies, free T4 and T3, total T4 and T3, Tg, and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Multivariable linear regression, subgroup analyses, and interaction terms were employed to test the association between healthy eating index (HEI) and thyroid function. A total of 3603 male participants aged ≥20 years with an average age of 48.17 ± 0.51 years were enrolled. We found a negative association between HEI-2010 and total T3 (β = -3.41; p = .01) and free T3 (β = -0.06; p = .01). In subgroup analyses, HEI-2010 was negatively associated with TT3 in male participants aged <65 years old (β = -4.57; p < .01) and FT3 (β = -0.09; p < .001). Higher HEI-2010 was inversely associated with lower total T3 and free T3. More well-designed studies are still needed to validate the causal relationship between HEI and thyroid function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
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249
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Zang L, Liu X, Xie X, Zhou X, Pan Y, Dai J. Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in early pregnancy, risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, potential pathways, and influencing factors in pregnant women: A nested case-control study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 326:121504. [PMID: 36965679 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although previous studies have reported an association between maternal serum perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) exposure and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk, results have been inconsistent. Few studies have focused on the combined effects of emerging and legacy PFASs on glucose homeostasis while humans are always exposed to multiple PFASs simultaneously. Moreover, the potential pathways by which PFAS exposure induces GDM are unclear. A total of 295 GDM cases and 295 controls were enrolled from a prospective cohort of 2700 pregnant women in Shanghai, China. In total, 16 PFASs were determined in maternal spot serum samples in early pregnancy. We used conditional logistic regression, multiple linear regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to examine individual and joint effects of PFAS exposure on GDM risk and oral glucose tolerance test outcomes. The mediating effects of maternal serum biochemical parameters, including thyroid and liver function were further assessed. Maternal perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure was associated with an increased risk of GDM (odds ratio (OR) = 1.68; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.10, 2.57), consistent with higher concentrations in GDM cases than controls. Based on mediation analysis, an increase in the free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine ratio partially explained the effect of this association. For continuous glycemic outcomes, positive associations were observed between several PFASs and 1-h and 2-h glucose levels. In BKMR, PFAS mixture exposure showed a positive trend with GDM incidence, although the CIs were wide. These associations were more pronounced among women with normal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). Mixed PFAS congeners may affect glucose homeostasis by increasing 1-h glucose levels, with perfluorononanoic acid found to be a main contributor. Exposure to PFASs was associated with increased risk of GDM and disturbance in glucose homeostasis, especially in normal weight women. The PFAS-associated disruption of maternal thyroid function may alter glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xianjing Xie
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xuming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yitao Pan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiayin Dai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Liem JF, Subekti I, Mansyur M, Soemarko DS, Kekalih A, Suyatna FD, Suryandari DA, Malik SG, Pangaribuan B. The determinants of thyroid function among vegetable farmers with primary exposure to chlorpyrifos: A cross-sectional study in Central Java, Indonesia. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16435. [PMID: 37251483 PMCID: PMC10220374 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Occupational pesticide exposure, chlorpyrifos (CPF) in particular, may adversely affect the thyroid. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the determinants of thyroid function as indicated by the serum concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) among Indonesian vegetable farmers with primary exposure to CPF. Methods A total of 151 vegetable farmers participated in this study. The sociodemographic and occupational characteristics of the participants were obtained using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. A validated quantitative method was used to estimate the cumulative exposure level (CEL). Serum TSH, thyroglobulin (Tg), free thyroxine (FT4), and urinary iodine excretion (UIE) were measured in the laboratory. The difference in TSH concentrations according to CEL and other characteristics were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U test. A multiple linear regression model was used to evaluate the potential determinants of TSH. Results The mean age was 50 (SD 9.4) years. The median concentrations of TSH, FT4, and Tg/FT4 ratio were 1.46 mIU/L, 1.17 ng/dL, and 6.23 × 102, respectively. We observed that higher TSH concentrations were found among those with a higher Tg/FT4 ratio, were classified as high CEL, and had lower UIE or FT4. Conclusions Our findings show that Tg/FT4 ratio, CEL, FT4, UIE concentrations, and post-spraying days were determinants of TSH concentrations among farmers with primary exposure to CPF. These results indicate that farmers are exposed to agents with thyroid-disrupting properties, thus supporting previous evidence showing the potential for thyroid disorders in agricultural populations exposed to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen Fuk Liem
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana, Kota Jakarta Barat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Kota Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Imam Subekti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Kota Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muchtaruddin Mansyur
- Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Kota Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dewi S. Soemarko
- Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Kota Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Aria Kekalih
- Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Kota Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Franciscus D. Suyatna
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Kota Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dwi A. Suryandari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Kota Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Safarina G. Malik
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Kota Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bertha Pangaribuan
- Prodia Occupational Health Indonesia, Kota Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
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