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Dharmarathne NK, Mackie JC, Kennedy EM, Stockenhuber M. Thermal oxidation of dieldrin and concomitant formation of toxic products including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/F). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 225:209-216. [PMID: 30877915 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper examines the gas phase thermal decomposition of dieldrin and associated formation of toxic combustion products including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/F). Volatile Organic Carbon (VOC) analysis revealed the formation of pentachlorostyrene (PCS), hexachlorostyrene (HCS) and polychlorinated naphthalene as toxic combustion products generated during the combustion of dieldrin. The thermal pyrolysis of dieldrin resulted in the formation of chlorinated benzenes and chlorinated phenols, which are known PCDD/F precursors. The formation of PCDD/F commenced around 823 K @ 5s residence time and results indicate a preference for the formation of PCDF over PCDD under all experimental conditions studied. Subsequent experiments, to examine the yield of PCDD/F as a function of temperature, reveal the progressive chlorination of PCDD/F with temperatures up to 923 K. Octachlorodibenzofuran (OCDF) was the major dioxin congener detected in the oxidation of dieldrin. The highest toxicity factor for dioxin formation was recorded at 923 K with a 6% O2 content in the feed gas and corresponds to 6.24 ng TEQ WHO 2005/mg of dieldrin and total PCDD/F concentration of 96.8 ng/mg of dieldrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala K Dharmarathne
- Process Safety and Environmental Protection Group, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - John C Mackie
- Process Safety and Environmental Protection Group, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Eric M Kennedy
- Process Safety and Environmental Protection Group, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Michael Stockenhuber
- Process Safety and Environmental Protection Group, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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202
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Bhanjana G, Rana P, Chaudhary GR, Dilbaghi N, Kim KH, Kumar S. Manganese Oxide Nanochips as a Novel Electrocatalyst for Direct Redox Sensing of Hexavalent Chromium. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8050. [PMID: 31142779 PMCID: PMC6541713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44525-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to maintain a healthy organisation of bionetworks, both qualitative and quantitative estimation of hexavalent chromium in food and beverage samples is required based on proper quality control and assurance. Nonetheless, conventional quantitation techniques for hexavalent chromium generally suffer from certain limitations (e.g., the need for expertise, costly equipment, and a complicated procedure). This research was performed to elaborate a novel method to quantify hexavalent chromium based on an electrochemical cyclic voltammetry technique. To this end, nanochips of manganese oxide (Mn3O4: approximately 80–90 nm diameter and 10 nm thickness) were synthesized using a chemical method and characterized with spectroscopic and microscopic approaches. These nanochips were employed as proficient electrocatalytic materials in direct redox sensing of hexavalent chromium in both real samples and laboratory samples. Manganese oxide nanochips felicitated large surface area and catalytic action for direct electrochemical reduction of hexavalent chromium at electrode surface. This fabricated nanochip sensor presented a detection limit of 9.5 ppb with a linear range of 50–400 ppb (sensitivity of 25.88 µA cm−2 ppb−1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Bhanjana
- Department of Chemistry & Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, 160014, Chandigarh, India.,Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, 125001, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Pooja Rana
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, 125001, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Ganga Ram Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry & Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, 160014, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Neeraj Dilbaghi
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, 125001, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, 04763, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, 125001, Hisar, Haryana, India.
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203
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Liang S, Yin N, Faiola F. Human Pluripotent Stem Cells as Tools for Predicting Developmental Neural Toxicity of Chemicals: Strategies, Applications, and Challenges. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:755-768. [PMID: 30990109 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human central nervous system (CNS) is very sensitive to perturbations, since it performs sophisticated biological processes and requires cooperation from multiple neural cell types. Subtle interference from exogenous chemicals, such as environmental pollutants, industrial chemicals, drug components, food additives, and cosmetic constituents, may initiate severe developmental neural toxicity (DNT). Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-based neural differentiation assays provide effective and promising tools to help evaluate potential DNT caused by those toxicants. In fact, the specification of neural lineages in vitro recapitulates critical CNS developmental processes, such as patterning, differentiation, neurite outgrowth, synaptogenesis, and myelination. Hence, the established protocols to generate a repertoire of neural derivatives from hPSCs greatly benefit the in vitro evaluation of DNT. In this review, we first dissect the various differentiation protocols inducing neural cells from hPSCs, with an emphasis on the signaling pathways and endpoint markers defining each differentiation stage. We then highlight the studies with hPSC-based protocols predicting developmental neural toxicants, and discuss remaining challenges. We hope this review can provide insights for the further progress of DNT studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxian Liang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,2 College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nuoya Yin
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,2 College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,2 College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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204
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Abstract
Comparative endocrinology has traditionally focused on studies of the evolution of endocrine systems, regulation of hormone actions in animals, development of model systems, and the role of the environment in controlling hormone functions related to major life-history events. Comparative endocrinology also has made important contributions to basic research and clinical endocrinology. In recent years there has been a shift to a focus on anthropogenic chemical factors and their alteration of major life history events through endocrine disruption. During the 21st century, environmental comparative endocrinologists must play an important role in the identification and assessment of endocrine disruption on vertebrate and invertebrate animals and their environment as well as in monitoring remediation. All comparative biologists are encouraged to communicate their understanding of threats to biological systems to non-scientists to facilitate their understanding of the human impacts of various kinds of pollution and habitat destruction on wildlife and ecosystems as well as their long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- David O Norris
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, 354 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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205
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Routti H, Atwood TC, Bechshoft T, Boltunov A, Ciesielski TM, Desforges JP, Dietz R, Gabrielsen GW, Jenssen BM, Letcher RJ, McKinney MA, Morris AD, Rigét FF, Sonne C, Styrishave B, Tartu S. State of knowledge on current exposure, fate and potential health effects of contaminants in polar bears from the circumpolar Arctic. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 664:1063-1083. [PMID: 30901781 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) is among the Arctic species exposed to the highest concentrations of long-range transported bioaccumulative contaminants, such as halogenated organic compounds and mercury. Contaminant exposure is considered to be one of the largest threats to polar bears after the loss of their Arctic sea ice habitat due to climate change. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of current exposure, fate, and potential health effects of contaminants in polar bears from the circumpolar Arctic required by the Circumpolar Action Plan for polar bear conservation. Overall results suggest that legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) including polychlorinated biphenyls, chlordanes and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), followed by other perfluoroalkyl compounds (e.g. carboxylic acids, PFCAs) and brominated flame retardants, are still the main compounds in polar bears. Concentrations of several legacy POPs that have been banned for decades in most parts of the world have generally declined in polar bears. Current spatial trends of contaminants vary widely between compounds and recent studies suggest increased concentrations of both POPs and PFCAs in certain subpopulations. Correlative field studies, supported by in vitro studies, suggest that contaminant exposure disrupts circulating levels of thyroid hormones and lipid metabolism, and alters neurochemistry in polar bears. Additionally, field and in vitro studies and risk assessments indicate the potential for adverse impacts to polar bear immune functions from exposure to certain contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heli Routti
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Todd C Atwood
- U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - Thea Bechshoft
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Andrei Boltunov
- Marine Mammal Research and Expedition Center, 36 Nahimovskiy pr., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Tomasz M Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jean-Pierre Desforges
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rune Dietz
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Bjørn M Jenssen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Arctic Technology, University Centre in Svalbard, PO Box 156, NO-9171 Longyearbyen, Norway
| | - Robert J Letcher
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Heath Division, Wildlife and Landscape Science Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Melissa A McKinney
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Adam D Morris
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Heath Division, Wildlife and Landscape Science Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Frank F Rigét
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Bjarne Styrishave
- Toxicology and Drug Metabolism Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen OE, Denmark
| | - Sabrina Tartu
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway
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206
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Srivastava S, Dhagga N. Dose exposure of Bisphenol- A on female Wistar rats fertility. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2019; 38:/j/hmbci.ahead-of-print/hmbci-2018-0061/hmbci-2018-0061.xml. [PMID: 31063457 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2018-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background 2, 2-Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl propane [bisphenol A (BPA)] is one of the major environmental pollutants and has the adverse effects on human health. BPA mimics the structure of estrogen and binds to estrogen receptors and alters the secretion of the hormone. It is ingested in humans through the regular use of plastic containers, bottles and food cans. Materials and methods Female Wistar rats were exposed orally to 5, 50, 300, 600 and 800 mg BPA/kg body weight (bd. wt.)/week mixed in olive oil and administered every 168 h for 3 months continuing through the mating, gestation and lactation and its effects on fertility, reproductive organ weight and hormones [LH (luteinizing hormone), FSH (follicle stimulating hormone), estradiol (E2), progesterone (PROG) and PRL (prolactin)] were evaluated. Results The findings revealed that females exposed to BPA exhibited a decrease in female fertility rate and weight of reproductive organs (ovary and uterus) with significant decreased levels of LH, FSH, E2, PROG and PRL in the non-pregnancy phase whereas in cesarean and post-term females, no significance difference was found in fertility rate, reproductive organ weight and hormonal levels. Conclusions These data indicate an increased sensitivity to BPA needs careful evaluation of the current levels of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Srivastava
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India, Phone: +91 9214026350
| | - Nupoor Dhagga
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
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207
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Yaglova NV, Tsomartova DA, Obernikhin SS, Nazimova SV. The Role of the Canonical Wnt-Signaling Pathway in Morphogenesis and Regeneration of the Adrenal Cortex in Rats Exposed to the Endocrine Disruptor Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane during Prenatal and Postnatal Development. BIOL BULL+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359018060122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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208
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Minabe S, Sato M, Inoue N, Watanabe Y, Magata F, Matsuda F, Uenoyama Y, Ozawa H, Tsukamura H. Neonatal Estrogen Causes Irreversible Male Infertility via Specific Suppressive Action on Hypothalamic Kiss1 Neurons. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1223-1233. [PMID: 30920587 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant exposure to estrogen-like compounds during the critical developmental period may cause improper hypothalamic programming, thus resulting in reproductive dysfunction in adulthood in male mammals. Kisspeptin-neurokinin B-dynorphin A (KNDy) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) have been suggested to govern tonic GnRH/gonadotropin release to control reproduction in male mammals. In this study, we report that chronic exposure to supraphysiological levels of estrogen during the neonatal period caused an irreversible suppression of KNDy genes in the ARC, resulting in reproductive dysfunction in male rats. Daily estradiol benzoate (EB) administration from days 0 to 10 postpartum caused smaller seminiferous tubules, abnormal spermatogenesis, and a decrease in plasma testosterone in adult male rats. The neonatal EB treatment profoundly suppressed LH pulse and ARC KNDy gene expression at adulthood, but it failed to affect the number of GnRH gene-expressing cells in male rats. The EB treatment failed to affect gene expression of other neuropeptides, such as GHRH, proopiomelanocortin, and agouti-related protein in the ARC, suggesting that ARC KNDy neurons would be a specific target of neonatal estrogen to cause male reproductive dysfunction. Because LH secretory responses to kisspeptin challenge and GnRH expression were spared in male rats with the EB treatment, LH pulse suppression is most probably due to ARC KNDy deficiency. Taken together, the current study indicates that chronic exposure to estrogenic chemicals in the developing brain causes a defect of ARC KNDy neurons, resulting in an inhibition of pulsatile GnRH/LH release and the failure of spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Minabe
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marimo Sato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Inoue
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Youki Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumie Magata
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuko Matsuda
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Uenoyama
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ozawa
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tsukamura
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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209
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Gonzalez TL, Rae JM, Colacino JA, Richardson RJ. Homology models of mouse and rat estrogen receptor- α ligand-binding domain created by in silico mutagenesis of a human template: molecular docking with 17ß-estradiol, diethylstilbestrol, and paraben analogs. COMPUTATIONAL TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 10:1-16. [PMID: 30740556 PMCID: PMC6363358 DOI: 10.1016/j.comtox.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Crystal structures exist for human, but not rodent, estrogen receptor-α ligand-binding domain (ERα-LBD). Consequently, rodent studies involving binding of compounds to ERα-LBD are limited in their molecular-level interpretation and extrapolation to humans. Because the sequences of rodent and human ERα-LBDs are > 95% identical, we expected their 3D structures and ligand binding to be highly similar. To test this hypothesis, we used the human ERα-LBD structure (PDB 3UUD) as a template to produce rat and mouse homology models. Employing the rodent models and human structure, we generated docking poses of 23 Group A ligands (17ß-estradiol, diethylstilbestrol, and 21 paraben analogs) in AutoDock Vina for interspecies comparisons. Ligand RMSDs (Å) (median, 95% CI) were 0.49 (0.21-1.82) (human-mouse) and 1.19 (0.22-1.82) (human-rat), well below the 2.0-2.5 Å range for equivalent docking poses. Numbers of interspecies ligand-receptor residue contacts were highly similar, with Sorensen Sc (%) = 96.8 (90.0-100) (human-mouse) and 97.7 (89.5-100) (human-rat). Likewise, numbers of interspecies ligand-receptor residue contacts were highly correlated: Pearson r = 0.913 (human-mouse) and 0.925 (human-rat). Numbers of interspecies ligand-receptor atom contacts were even more tightly correlated: r = 0.979 (human-mouse) and 0.986 (human-rat). Pyramid plots of numbers of ligand-receptor atom contacts by residue exhibited high interspecies symmetry and had Spearman r s = 0.977 (human-mouse) and 0.966 (human-rat). Group B ligands included 15 ring-substituted parabens recently shown experimentally to exhibit decreased binding to human ERα and to exert increased antimicrobial activity. Ligand efficiencies calculated from docking ligands into human ERα-LBD were well correlated with those derived from published experimental data (Pearson partial r p = 0.894 and 0.918; Groups A and B, respectively). Overall, the results indicate that our constructed rodent ERα-LBDs interact with ligands in like manner to the human receptor, thus providing a high level of confidence in extrapolations of rodent to human ligand-receptor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L. Gonzalez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - James M. Rae
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Justin A. Colacino
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Rudy J. Richardson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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210
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Smith CM, Vera MKM, Bhandari RK. Developmental and epigenetic effects of Roundup and glyphosate exposure on Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 210:215-226. [PMID: 30875550 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Roundup and other glyphosate-based herbicides are the most commonly used herbicides in the world, yet their effects on developing fish embryos are not clearly understood. The present study, therefore, examined developmental teratogenic effects and adult-onset reproductive effects of exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of glyphosate and Roundup in Japanese medaka fish (Oryzias latipes). Hd-rR strain medaka embryos were exposed to 0.5 mg/L glyphosate, 0.5 mg/L and 5 mg/L Roundup (glyphosate acid equivalent) for the first 15 days of their embryonic life and then allowed to sexually mature without further exposure. Whole body tissue samples were collected at 15 days post fertilization (dpf) and brain and gonad samples were collected in mature adults. Hatching success and phenotypic abnormalities were recorded up until 15 dpf. Roundup (0.5 mg/L) and glyphosate decreased cumulative hatching success, while glyphosate exposure increased developmental abnormalities in medaka fry. Expression of the maintenance DNA methyltransferase gene Dnmt1 decreased, whereas expression of methylcytosine dioxygenase genes (Tet1, Tet2 and Tet3) increased in fry at 15 dpf suggesting that epigenetic alterations increased global DNA demethylation in the developing fry. Fecundity and fertilization efficiency were not altered due to exposure. Among the reproduction-related genes in the brain, kisspeptin receptor (Gpr54-1) expression was significantly reduced in females exposed to 0.5 mg/L and 5 mg/L Roundup, and Gpr54-2 was reduced in the 0.5 mg/L Roundup treatment group. No change in expression of these genes was observed in the male brain. In the testes, expression of Fshr and Arα was significantly reduced in medaka exposed to 0.5 mg/L Roundup and glyphosate, while the expression of Dmrt1 and Dnmt1 was reduced in medaka exposed to 0.5 mg/L glyphosate. No change in expression of these genes was observed in the ovaries. The present study demonstrates that Roundup and its active ingredient glyphosate can induce developmental, reproductive, and epigenetic effects in fish; suggesting that ecological species, mainly fish, could be at risk for endocrine disruption in glyphosate and Roundup-contaminated water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea M Smith
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27412, United States
| | - Madeline K M Vera
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27412, United States
| | - Ramji K Bhandari
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27412, United States.
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211
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Usman A, Ahmad M. Computational study suggesting reconsideration of BPA analogues based on their endocrine disrupting potential estimated by binding affinities to nuclear receptors. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:154-161. [PMID: 30599433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to its endocrine disrupting nature Bisphenol-A (BPA), a chemical used in the plastic industry was placed under a ban which provided an incentive for its replacement by bisphenol and non-bisphenol based plasticizers. The use of bisphenol replacements in industry is increasing day by day. Therefore, it becomes prudent to put them under scrutiny. We studied the direct interaction of 45 BPA replacements and BPA with 12 nuclear receptors using an endocrine disruptome docking program (Kolšek et al., 2014b). Infact, the mechanism which could involve a direct interaction of ligands with nuclear receptors was taken into consideration. We found that the replacements, which were analogues of BPA, easily interacted with nuclear receptors due to the presence of phenyl moiety and their hydrophobic nature probably crucial for their endocrine disrupting potential. We therefore, strongly recommend reconsideration of BPA analogues in industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afia Usman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Masood Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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212
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Performance of atmospheric pressure gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of organochlorine pesticides in human serum. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:4185-4191. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01822-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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213
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Diethylstilbestrol induces morphological changes in the spermatogonia, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells of adult rat. Res Vet Sci 2019; 124:433-438. [PMID: 31082573 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It is now established that diethylstilbestrol (DES) has damaging effects on the male reproductive system. However, to date there have been no studies morphological analysis of adult rat testes upon treatment with DES. Here, we examined whether DES has any significant morphological effect on steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. DES was injected subcutaneously at 3 μg/day and 30 μg/day in adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats for two different treatment lengths (1 or 3 weeks), after which rats were necropsied. TUNEL labeling, cell counting, and morphological analysis were used to evaluate the effects of DES. A high dose of DES and longer exposure severely affected the cellular development of the testis. Specifically, DES treatment disrupted both steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis by decreasing the number of spermatogonia, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Thus, DES may account for decreases in the number of spermatogenic cells, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells, which in turn may lead to reduced fertility in males.
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214
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Zhang F, Zhang J, Shi N, Li T. Growth‐promoting effects of low‐level butyl benzyl phthalate exposure on human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells. J Appl Toxicol 2019; 39:1181-1191. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Health Toxicology, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental and HealthTongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control Jinan 250014 Shandong China
| | - Nian Shi
- Department of Health Toxicology, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental and HealthTongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Health Toxicology, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental and HealthTongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
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215
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Dominguez F. Phthalates and other endocrine-disrupting chemicals: the 21st century's plague for reproductive health. Fertil Steril 2019; 111:885-886. [PMID: 30975386 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Dominguez
- Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Instituto Universitario IVI, and IIS LaFe Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
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216
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Castaño A, Bols N, Braunbeck T, Dierickx P, Halder M, Isomaa B, Kawahara K, Lee LEJ, Mothersill C, Pärt P, Repetto G, Sintes JR, Rufli H, Smith R, Wood C, Segner H. The use of Fish Cells in Ecotoxicology: The Report and Recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 47,. Altern Lab Anim 2019; 31:317-51. [PMID: 15612875 DOI: 10.1177/026119290303100314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Argelia Castaño
- Animal Health Research Centre, Spanish National Institute for Food and Agrarian Research and Technology (CISA-INIA), 28130 Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain
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217
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Trego ML, Hoh E, Whitehead A, Kellar NM, Lauf M, Datuin DO, Lewison RL. Contaminant Exposure Linked to Cellular and Endocrine Biomarkers in Southern California Bottlenose Dolphins. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:3811-3822. [PMID: 30852886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cetaceans in the Southern California Bight (SCB) are exposed to high levels of halogenated organic contaminants (HOCs), which have previously been linked to impaired reproductive health and immune responses. We used a combination of molecular tools to examine the potential physiological impacts of HOC exposure in two bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus) ecotypes in the SCB. We quantified 25 HOCs in the blubber of 22 biopsies collected from males between 2012 and 2016. We then analyzed genome-wide gene expression in skin using RNA-sequencing and measured blubber testosterone to compare HOC exposure with cellular and endocrine biomarkers. We found high levels of HOCs in both ecotypes with significantly higher total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), tris(4-chlorophenyl)methanol (TCPMOH), and chlordane-related compounds in the coastal ecotype versus the offshore ecotype. We found evidence of PBDE bioaccumulation in both ecotypes, however, the pattern of bioaccumulation or endocrine disruption for other HOCs was different between the ecotypes, suggesting potential endocrine disruption in the coastal ecotype. We also observed correlations between HOCs and gene coexpression networks enriched for xenobiotic metabolism, hormone metabolism, and immune response that could indicate cellular effects from HOC exposure. By integrating measurements of HOC load with both transcriptome profiling and endocrine biomarkers, our approach provides insight into HOC exposure and potential impacts on wild cetacean health in southern California.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa L Trego
- Department of Biology , San Diego State University , 5500 Campanile Drive , San Diego , California 92182 , United States
- Department of Environmental Toxicology , University of California-Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Eunha Hoh
- School of Public Health , San Diego State University , 5500 Campanile Drive , San Diego , California 92182 , United States
| | - Andrew Whitehead
- Department of Environmental Toxicology , University of California-Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Nicholas M Kellar
- Ocean Associates, Incorporated, under contract to the Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service , National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , Arlington , Virginia 22207 , United States
| | - Morgane Lauf
- Ocean Associates, Incorporated, under contract to the Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service , National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , Arlington , Virginia 22207 , United States
| | - Dana O Datuin
- School of Public Health , San Diego State University , 5500 Campanile Drive , San Diego , California 92182 , United States
| | - Rebecca L Lewison
- Department of Biology , San Diego State University , 5500 Campanile Drive , San Diego , California 92182 , United States
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218
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Lee HS, Lee SH, Park Y. Enhancement of androgen transcriptional activation assay based on genome edited glucocorticoid knock out human prostate cancer cell line. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 171:437-443. [PMID: 30735951 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) interfere with the biological activity of hormones. Among EDC's, (anti-)androgenic compounds potentially cause several androgen-related diseases. To improve the accuracy of an in vitro transactivation assay (TA) for detection of (anti-)androgenic compounds, We established the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) knockout 22Rv1/MMTV cell line by using an RNA-guided engineered nuclease (RGEN)-derived CRISPR/Cas system. The 22Rv1/MMTV GRKO cell line was characterized and validated by androgen receptor (AR)-mediated TA assay compared with the AR-TA assay using 22Rv1/MMTV. In conclusion, the AR-TA assay with the 22Rv1/MMTV GRKO cell line was more accurate, excluding the misleading signals derived from glucocorticoids or equivalent chemicals, and might be an effective method for screening potential (anti-)androgenic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Seok Lee
- National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hee Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Yooheon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea.
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219
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Ji C, Yu C, Yue S, Zhang Q, Yan Y, Fan J, Zhao M. Enantioselectivity in endocrine disrupting effects of four cypermethrin enantiomers based on in vitro models. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:766-773. [PMID: 30611075 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cypermethrin (CP) is a kind of chiral pesticides that has been defined as endocrine disrupting chemical. The diversity in bioactivity, toxicity, metabolism, bioaccumulation, and degradation behaviors of CP enantiomers as well as the research deficiency had made the risk assessment of CP enantiomers very complicated. Herein, four CP enantiomers were separated as target chemicals to investigate their enantioselective endocrine disrupting effects. Firstly, dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were adopted to investigate their potential endocrine disrupting effects via various receptors. The expression levels of steroid hormones related genes and hormone secretion levels in H295R cell were measured to verify the results. Results from the reporter gene assay showed that 1R-cis-αS-CP (CP11) exhibited glucocorticoid receptor (GR), mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and thyroid receptor (TR) antagonistic activity with the RIC20 values of 9.22 × 10-7, 3.33 × 10-7, and 4.47 × 10-7 M, respectively; 1R-trans-αS-CP (CP21) also showed androgen receptor (AR) agonist activity and estrogen receptor (ER) antagonistic activity with the REC20 and RIC20 values were 1.07 × 10-4 M and 4.78 × 10-6 M, respectively. Results of qRT-PCR and hormone measurement also showed that CP11 and CP21 could disturb the expression of steroid hormones related genes and hormone secretion accordingly. Results provided here can help to understand the enantioselective ecological and health risks of CP enantiomers comprehensively and provide constructive guidance for the safe use of chiral pesticides and the invention of green pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Ji
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Chang Yu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Siqing Yue
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Yilun Yan
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jun Fan
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Meirong Zhao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
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220
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Lee HS, Park Y. Identification of metabolic pathways related to the bisphenol A-induced adipogenesis in differentiated murine adipocytes by using RNA-sequencing. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 171:161-169. [PMID: 30665118 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of bisphenol A and its metabolites on the 3T3-L1 cells, in terms of glucose and lipid metabolism. We also aimed to obtain the information on the genome-wide expression changes in the 3T3-L1 cells treated with Bisphenol A by using RNA-seq, which involves whole-transcriptome sequencing. Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) collected from RNA-seq can be used to produce a complete picture of related metabolism pathways. The KEGG pathway was extracted based on the DEGs. Bisphenol A significantly increased the mRNA level of Sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (Srebf1) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (Cebpa). Lipoprotein lipase (Lpl) was also significantly influenced by bisphenol A and its metabolites. Acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase beta (Acacb) and Fatty acid synthase (Fasn) mRNA levels were elevated by bisphenol A and its metabolites. The insulin signaling pathway, neurotrophin signaling pathway, and endometrial cancer-related pathway were focused by the functional enrichment analyses, and the pathways were well coincided with recent previous reports. DEGs collected from RNA-seq were confirmed as a reliable evidence in the exposure to the chemicals such as bisphenol A. Collecting pieces of the puzzles obtained from the RNA-seq will help us to produce a complete picture of the metabolic pathway for such chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Seok Lee
- National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Yooheon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea.
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221
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Chen MY, Liu HP, Cheng J, Chiang SY, Liao WP, Lin WY. Transgenerational impact of DEHP on body weight of Drosophila. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:493-499. [PMID: 30660905 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most typical plasticizer and an environmental endocrine disruptor (EDC). DEHP is known to influence offspring fertility, growth, and obesity. However, the role of the DEHP as a transgenerational obesogen is still controversial. In this study, we used fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) to investigate where the exposure period, doses, and exposed parental sex are critical to change the body weight of the offspring. We found long-term but not short-term, and high-dose but low-dose exposure resulted in significant change. Moreover, we found DEHP treatment on the father or mother Drosophila resulted in increased or decreased body weight of the offspring respectively. Our results demonstrated the heterogeneity of transgenerational impact of DEHP and highlighted the involvement of parental endocrine system in its role as an obesogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
| | - Jack Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Su-Yin Chiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Wing-Ping Liao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Yong Lin
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan; Brain Diseases Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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222
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Lajmanovich RC, Peltzer PM, Martinuzzi CS, Attademo AM, Bassó A, Colussi CL. Insecticide pyriproxyfen (Dragón ®) damage biotransformation, thyroid hormones, heart rate, and swimming performance of Odontophrynus americanus tadpoles. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:714-722. [PMID: 30611069 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Odontoprynus americanus tadpoles were used to determine the safety concentration of pyriproxyfen (PPF) insecticide by acute and sublethal toxicity tests (nominal range tested 0.01 to 10 [± 15%] PPF mg/L). Median lethal concentration (LC50) and no, and lowest-observed-effect concentrations (NOEC and LOEC, respectively) were calculated. We also assessed the effect on the activities of glutathione S-transferse (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and carboxylesterase (CbE) and compared to control (CO) tadpoles. Based on the 48-h NOEC value, two sublethal concentrations of PPF (0.01 and 0.1 mg/L) were assayed to detect effects on enzymes activities (GST and CbE), thyroid hormone's levels (triiodothyronine; T3 and thyroxine; T4), heart function, and tadpoles swimming behaviour. The results showed that the LC50 values of O. americanus tadpoles were 3.73 PPF mg/L and 2.51 PPF mg/L at 24-h and 48-h, respectively (NOEC = 0.1 mg/L; LOEC = 1 mg/L, for both times). PPF concentrations at 48 h, induced enzymatic activities such as GST (212.98%-242.94%), AChE (142.15%-165.08%), and CbE (141.86%-87.14%) significantly respect to COs. During the 22 days of chronic PPF exposure, GST (0.01 mg/L 88%-153% NOEC), AChE (177.82% NOEC), and T4 (70% NOEC) also significantly increased respect to COs. Similarly, heart rate (fH) and ventricular cycle length (VV interval) in CO tadpoles were significantly higher than PPF treated. Finally, at NOEC tadpoles exhibited significant effects on the behavioral endpoint (swimming distance, mean speed, and global activity; P < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C Lajmanovich
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, FBCB-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje el Pozo s/n (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Paola M Peltzer
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, FBCB-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje el Pozo s/n (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Candela S Martinuzzi
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, FBCB-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje el Pozo s/n (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Andrés M Attademo
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, FBCB-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje el Pozo s/n (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Agustín Bassó
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, FBCB-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje el Pozo s/n (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Carlina L Colussi
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, FBCB-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje el Pozo s/n (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina.
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223
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Ruuskanen S, Espín S, Sánchez-Virosta P, Sarraude T, Hsu BY, Pajunen P, Costa RA, Eens M, Hargitai R, Török J, Eeva T. Transgenerational endocrine disruption: Does elemental pollution affect egg or nestling thyroid hormone levels in a wild songbird? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:725-735. [PMID: 30721863 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) include a wide array of pollutants, such as some metals and other toxic elements, which may cause changes in hormonal homeostasis. In addition to affecting physiology of individuals directly, EDCs may alter the transfer of maternal hormones to offspring, i.e. causing transgenerational endocrine disruption. However, such effects have been rarely studied, especially in wild populations. We studied the associations between environmental elemental pollution (As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb) and maternally-derived egg thyroid hormones (THs) as well as nestling THs in great tits (Parus major) using extensive sampling of four pairs of polluted and reference populations across Europe (Finland, Belgium, Hungary, Portugal). Previous studies in these populations showed that breeding success, nestling growth and adult and nestling physiology were altered in polluted zones compared to reference zones. We sampled non-incubated eggs to measure maternally-derived egg THs, measured nestling plasma THs and used nestling faeces for assessing local elemental exposure. We also studied whether the effect of elemental pollution on endocrine traits is dependent on calcium (Ca) availability (faecal Ca as a proxy) as low Ca increases toxicity of some elements. Birds in the polluted zones were exposed to markedly higher levels of toxic elements than in reference zones at the populations in Finland, Belgium and Hungary. In contrast to our predictions, we did not find any associations between overall elemental pollution, or individual element concentrations and egg TH and nestling plasma TH levels. However, we found some indication that the effect of metals (Cd and Cu) on egg THs is dependent on Ca availability. In summary, our results suggest that elemental pollution at the studied populations is unlikely to cause overall TH disruption and affect breeding via altered egg or nestling TH levels with the current elemental pollution loads. Associations with Ca availability should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Ruuskanen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.
| | - Silvia Espín
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland; Area of Toxicology, Department of Socio-Sanitary Sciences, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Campus de Espínardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Sánchez-Virosta
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland; Area of Toxicology, Department of Socio-Sanitary Sciences, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Campus de Espínardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Tom Sarraude
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland; GELIFES, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bin-Yan Hsu
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Piia Pajunen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Rute A Costa
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marcel Eens
- Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Rita Hargitai
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Török
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tapio Eeva
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
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224
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Spaan K, Haigis AC, Weiss J, Legradi J. Effects of 25 thyroid hormone disruptors on zebrafish embryos: A literature review of potential biomarkers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 656:1238-1249. [PMID: 30625654 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
It is estimated that many organic compounds found in our environment can interfere with the thyroid system and act as thyroid hormone (TH) disruptor. Despite that, there is a clear lack of assays to identify TH disruptors. Recently zebrafish embryos were suggested as screening tool to identify compounds which impact thyroid synthesis. Effects on hormone level, gene transcript expression, eye development and swim bladder inflation are suggested as potential biomarker for TH disruptors. In order to assess the applicability of these biomarkers we performed a literature review. The effects of 25 known TH disrupting compounds were compared between studies. The studies were limited to exposures with embryos prior 7 days of development. The different study designs and the lack of standardized methods complicated the comparison of the results. The most common responses were morphological alterations and gene transcript expression changes, but no specific biomarker for TH disruption could be identified. In studies addressing TH disruption behavioral effects were more commonly monitored than in studies not mentioning the TH pathway. TH disruption in developing zebrafish embryos might be caused by different modes of action e.g. disruption of follicle development, binding of TH, activation of TH receptors causing different effects. Timing of developmental processes in combination with exposure duration might also play a role. On the other side compound characteristics (uptake, stability, metabolization) could also cause differences between substances. Further studies are necessary to gain better understanding into the mechanisms of TH disruption in early zebrafish development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra Spaan
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm University, 11418 Stockholm, Sweden; Environment & Health, VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ann-Cathrin Haigis
- Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jana Weiss
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm University, 11418 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Legradi
- Environment & Health, VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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225
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Huang X, Han X, Huang Z, Yu M, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Xu B, Zhou K, Song L, Wang X, Lu C, Xia Y. Maternal pentachlorophenol exposure induces developmental toxicity mediated by autophagy on pregnancy mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 169:829-836. [PMID: 30597782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is often used as chlorinated hydrocarbon herbicides and insecticides, which has been suggested that toxicity of carcinogenic effect, teratogenic effect and reproductive system. However, there was still precious known about the underlying molecular mechanism of PCP on mammalian early development. To explore the developmental toxicity of PCP and its potential mechanism, pregnancy ICR mice except controls were exposed to PCP (0.02, 0.2 or 2 mg/kg) during gestation day (GD) 0.5 to GD8.5 in this study. We found that the fetal loss rate was increased and placental chorionic villi structure was disorder in hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) on GD16.5. Meanwhile, autophagosomes were observed in chorionic villi through Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Moreover, the mRNA and/or protein expression of P62, LC3-ІІ/LC3-І and Beclin1 were increased in placenta, indicating the occurrence of autophagy. Then, to further explore the autophagy mechanism, microRNA (miR)-30a-5p, an expression inhibitor of Beclin1, was predicted through bioinformatics predictions and RT-PCR, and it was reduced in PCP-treated mice. Transfection and luciferase reporter gene test were used to verify the interaction between Beclin1 and miR-30a-5p. These results firstly indicate that, PCP exposure could downregulate the expression of miR-30a-5p, and then induced autophagy through upregulation of Beclin1 to result in fetal loss. Our study laid a foundation for understanding the PCP developmental toxicity through autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiumei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhenyao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mingming Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ling Song
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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226
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Gupta AK, Versteeg SG. The Role of Shoe and Sock Sanitization in the Management of Superficial Fungal Infections of the Feet. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2019. [PMID: 29521517 DOI: 10.7547/17-043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Because of the ubiquitous nature of dermatophytes and a lack of an adaptive immune response in the nail plate, recurrence and relapse rates associated with superficial fungal infections are high (10%-53%). Cured or improved dermatophytosis patients could become reinfected if exposed to fungal reservoirs, such as an infected shoe, sock, or textile. To prevent this, footwear, sock, and textile sanitization methods can be used. To provide insight into effective sanitization options, the focus of this article is to review footwear, sock, and textile sanitization studies conducted throughout history (1920-2016). Thirty-three studies are covered in this review, encompassing techniques ranging from formaldehyde fumigation and foot powder application, to more modern approaches such as UV light and silver-light irradiation technologies. Older sanitization methods (eg, boiling, use of chlorine and salts) are quite limited in their practicality, as they can result in health complications and ruin shoe integrity. Newer approaches to shoe and sock sanitization, such as ozone application and UV irradiation, have shown very promising results. Further research is still needed with these modern techniques, as knowledge gaps and cost prevent the creation of standardized parameters for successful use. By combining sanitization methods with other preventative measures, protection against reinfection may be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya K. Gupta
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Mediprobe Research, Inc., London, Ontario, Canada
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227
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Bai L, Cao C, Wang C, Zhang H, Deng J, Jiang H. Response of bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa to 17β-estradiol at different nitrogen levels. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 219:174-182. [PMID: 30543953 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Co-existence of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) and steroid estrogens (SEs) has been an increasing concern in eutrophic waters. The cellular responses and biodegradation of 17β-estradiol (E2) in cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated at different nitrogen levels. During the 10-d experiment, the growth of M. aeruginosa was stimulated by 10-100 μg L-1 of E2 at the lowest nitrogen level of 0.5 mg L-1, whereas the presence of E2 inhibited the cyanobacterial growth at 5 mg L-1 of nitrogen. With nitrogen concentration increased to 50 mg L-1, the impact of E2 on levels of growth rate and chlorophyll a (Chla) alleviated. Exposure to E2 also promoted the superoxide dismutase activity of M. aeruginosa, coupled with cellular oxidative damage as indicated by the increasing malondialdehyde content. A sufficient nitrogen supply mitigated the oxidative stress of E2 through enhancing the synthesis of detoxification-related enzymes. Simultaneously, the secretion of tryptophan-like substances in loosely- and tightly-bound extracellular polymeric substances was triggered for adapting to an E2 addition in the short term. Moreover, significant biodegradation of E2 was observed, and the process followed a first-order kinetic reaction. The obtained half-lives decreased with nitrogen levels and ranged from 2.47 to 2.81 and 3.39-5.04 d, respectively, at 10 and 100 μg L-1 of E2. These results provide a better understanding of the potential effects of SEs on CyanoHABs formation, as well as the important role of CyanoHABs on SEs removal in aquatic ecosystems, which should be fully considered in the control of combined pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chicheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Changhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiancai Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Helong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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228
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Karbalaei N, Sadeghi N, Nekoeian A, Malekzadeh A. Impact of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Humulus Lupulus L. on Sperm Quality, Reproductive Organs and Hormones in Male Rats. Chin J Integr Med 2019; 25:529-535. [PMID: 30810975 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-019-3025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of Humulus Lupulus L. hydroalcoholic extract on the body weights, reproductive organs, sperm quality and hormone levels in male rats. METHODS By simple random sampling method, seventy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 7 groups including control group [distilled water, 1 mL/(kg•d)], Tween 80 group [25% Tween 80 solution, 1 mL/(kg•d)], olive oil group [olive oil, 1 mL/(kg•d)], diethyl stilbestrol (DES) group [DES, 100 μg/(kg•body weight)], H50, H150 and H450 [50, 150 and 400 mg/(kg•d) of Humulus Lupulus L extract, respectively]. The administration was performed via gavage once daily for 7 weeks. Body and reproductive organs weights including testes, seminal vesicles, epididymis and prostate were weighted and epididymal sperm quality were determined by digital balance. Blood samples were collected and serum free testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estrogen (E2) levels were measured by rat specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The percentage increase in mean body weights of rats in the DES and H50, H150 and H450 groups decreased significantly compared to olive oil and Tween 80 groups (all P<0.05). The weights of seminal vesicle, epididymis and testes in rats receiving H50 were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The sperm count in the rats receiving H50 was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). The sperm motile characteristics of the rats receiving hydroalcoholic extract at and DES were significantly lower than those of the control or rats receiving vehicles (all P<0.05). In H50, H150, H450 and DES groups, T and LH levels were decreased, and E2 was significantly increased compared to the control (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The FSH level did not change in all groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Humulus Lupulus L. extract significantly increased the seminal vesicle and testes weights and reduced the sperm motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Karbalaei
- Department of Physiology, Physiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences University of Shiraz, Shiraz, 71348-45794, Iran
| | - Najmeh Sadeghi
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, 74148-44196, Iran.
| | - Aliakbar Nekoeian
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacology Research Center, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences University of Shiraz, Shiraz, 71348-45794, Iran
| | - Ahad Malekzadeh
- Department of Mathematics, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, 16315-1618, Iran
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229
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Dass A, Srivastava S, Chaudhary G. Control and analysis of carbon monoxide concentration using fuzzy and recurrent fuzzy systems. JOURNAL OF INFORMATION & OPTIMIZATION SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02522667.2019.1580887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anuli Dass
- Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Dwarka, Sector-3, Delhi 110078, India
| | - Smriti Srivastava
- Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Dwarka, Sector-3, Delhi 110078, India,
| | - Gopal Chaudhary
- Bharati Vidhyapeeth College of Engineering, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi 110063, India,
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230
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Nzediegwu C, Prasher S, Elsayed E, Dhiman J, Mawof A, Patel R. Effect of biochar on heavy metal accumulation in potatoes from wastewater irrigation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 232:153-164. [PMID: 30472558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In many developing countries water scarcity has led to the use of wastewater, often untreated, to irrigate a range of crops, including tuber crops such as potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). Untreated wastewater contains a wide range of contaminants, including heavy metals, which can find their way into the edible part of the crop, thereby posing a risk to human health. An experiment was undertaken to elucidate the fate and transport of six water-borne heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn), applied through irrigation water to a potato (cv. Russet Burbank) crop grown on sandy soil, having either received no biochar amendment or having top 0.10 m of soil amended with 1% (w/w) plantain peel biochar. A non-amended control, irrigated with tap water, along with the two contaminated water treatments were replicated three times in a completely randomized design carried out on nine outdoor PVC lysimeters of 1.0 m height and 0.45 m diameter. The potatoes were planted, irrigated at 10-day intervals, and leachate then collected. Soil samples collected two days after each irrigation showed that all heavy metals accumulated in the surface soil; Fe, Pb and Zn were detected at 0.1 m depth, while only Fe was detected at 0.3 m depth. Heavy metals were not detected in the leachate. Tested individually, all portions of the potato plant (tuber flesh, peel, leaf, stem and root) bore heavy metals. Biochar-amended soil significantly reduced only Cd and Zn concentrations in tuber flesh (69% and 33%, respectively) and peel compared to the non-amended wastewater control (p < 0.05). Heavy metal concentrations were significantly lower in the tuber flesh than in the peel, suggesting that when consuming potatoes grown under wastewater irrigation, the peel poses a higher health risk than the flesh.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiv Prasher
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Canada
| | - Eman Elsayed
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Canada
| | - Jaskaran Dhiman
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Canada
| | - Ali Mawof
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Canada
| | - Ramanbhai Patel
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Canada
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231
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Baransi-Karkaby K, Bass M, Freger V. In Situ Modification of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Elements for Enhanced Removal of Multiple Micropollutants. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:membranes9020028. [PMID: 30781791 PMCID: PMC6410030 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are widely used for desalination and water treatment. However, they insufficiently reject some small uncharged micropollutants, such as certain endocrine-disrupting, pharmaceutically active compounds and boric acid, increasingly present in water sources and wastewater. This study examines the feasibility of improving rejection of multiple micropollutants in commercial low-pressure RO membrane elements using concentration polarization- and surfactant-enhanced surface polymerization. Low-pressure membrane elements modified by grafting poly(glycidyl methacrylate) showed enhanced rejection of all tested solutes (model organic micropollutants, boric acid, and NaCl), with permeability somewhat reduced, but comparable with commercial brackish water RO membranes. The study demonstrates the potential and up-scalability of grafting as an in situ method for improving removal of various classes of organic and inorganic micropollutants and tuning performance in RO and other dense composite membranes for water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Baransi-Karkaby
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel.
- The Galilee Society, Institute of Applied Research, P.O. Box 437, Shefa-amr 20200, Israel.
| | - Maria Bass
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel.
| | - Viatcheslav Freger
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel.
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232
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Wineland RJ, Bloom MS, Cruze L, Butts CD, Wenzel AG, Unal ER, Kohno S, Willan KB, Brock JW, Newman RB. In utero effects of maternal phthalate exposure on male genital development. Prenat Diagn 2019; 39:209-218. [PMID: 30476355 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates are used extensively in commercial and personal care products and maternal exposure is ubiquitous. Phthalates are anti-androgenic, but the potential effects of phthalates on male penile development have not been assessed in utero. OBJECTIVE The study aims to investigate the association between early pregnancy phthalate exposure and fetal penile development, overall and by race. METHODS Prospective cohort study of women with singleton pregnancies presenting for prenatal ultrasound between 18 and 22 weeks' gestation. Maternal urine samples were assayed for eight phthalate monoester metabolites. We used maternal phthalate levels at 18 to 22 weeks' gestation as predictors of fetal size using multiple linear regression models, adjusted for fetal gestational age, maternal age, race, smoking, and education. We incorporated a phthalate by race interaction into a second set of regression models. RESULTS We detected statistically significant race interactions for continuous phthalates with penile width. Race interactions were also suggested for penile length and volume using tertiles of phthalates with point estimates generally positive for whites and negative for African Americans. CONCLUSION Penile development is significantly influenced by race, and the impact of maternal phthalates on penile measurements also varies by race. Maternal phthalate exposure can adversely affect in utero penile growth and development, especially among African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Wineland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Michael S Bloom
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Lori Cruze
- Wofford College, Spartanburg, South Carolina
| | - Celeste D Butts
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Abby G Wenzel
- Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - E Ramsey Unal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, Illinois
| | - Satomi Kohno
- Department of Biology, St. Cloud State University, Saint Cloud, Minnesota
| | - Keith B Willan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - John W Brock
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Asheville, Asheville, North Carolina
| | - Roger B Newman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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233
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Velázquez-Gómez M, Hurtado-Fernández E, Lacorte S. Differential occurrence, profiles and uptake of dust contaminants in the Barcelona urban area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 648:1354-1370. [PMID: 30340281 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Dust is a complex but increasingly used matrix to assess human exposure to organic contaminants both in indoor and outdoor environments. Knowledge concerning the effects of organic pollution towards health outcome is crucial. This study is aimed to determine the presence of legacy compounds (DDTs and polychlorinated biphenyls, PCBs), compounds used in recent times (organophosphorous flame retardants, organophosphorous pesticides, BPA, phthalates and alkylphenols) and compounds originated from combustion processes (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs) as well as nicotine in indoor environments along the metropolitan area of Barcelona. Monitored sites include public areas with high turnout (high schools, museums samples) and libraries and private spaces (houses and cars). Almost all compounds (57 over the 59 targeted) were found in each dust sample and libraries and schools were the most contaminated, with concentrations of ∑phthalates and ∑OPFRs up to 15 and 10 mg g-1, respectively. One-way ANOVA tests, Tukey contrasts and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that sampling place influenced the observed contamination profiles and public and private environments were clearly differentiated. Finally, based on the concentrations detected, a deterministic calculation was performed to estimate the total daily intakes of each compound via dust. This information was used to evaluate the human exposure for toddlers, teenagers and adult workers. Consistently, the highest concentrations coming from plasticisers and flame retardants gave the major exposure rates. As expected, toddlers were the most affected group followed by museum and library workers, although the levels were below the reference doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Velázquez-Gómez
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Hurtado-Fernández
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - S Lacorte
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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234
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Sakkiah S, Guo W, Pan B, Kusko R, Tong W, Hong H. Computational prediction models for assessing endocrine disrupting potential of chemicals. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS 2019; 36:192-218. [PMID: 30633647 DOI: 10.1080/10590501.2018.1537132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) mimic natural hormones and disrupt endocrine function. Humans and wildlife are exposed to EDCs might alter endocrine functions through various mechanisms and lead to an adverse effects. Hence, EDCs identification is important to protect the ecosystem and to promote the public health. Leveraging in-vitro and in-vivo experiments to identify potential EDCs is time consuming and expensive. Hence, quantitative structure-activity relationship is applied to screen the potential EDCs. Here, we summarize the predictive models developed using various algorithms to forecast the binding activity of chemicals to the estrogen and androgen receptors, alpha-fetoprotein, and sex hormone binding globulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugunadevi Sakkiah
- a Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics , National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , Jefferson , Arkansas , USA
| | - Wenjing Guo
- a Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics , National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , Jefferson , Arkansas , USA
| | - Bohu Pan
- a Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics , National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , Jefferson , Arkansas , USA
| | - Rebecca Kusko
- b Immuneering Corporation , Cambridge , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Weida Tong
- a Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics , National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , Jefferson , Arkansas , USA
| | - Huixiao Hong
- a Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics , National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , Jefferson , Arkansas , USA
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235
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Papalou O, Kandaraki EA, Papadakis G, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: An Occult Mediator of Metabolic Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:112. [PMID: 30881345 PMCID: PMC6406073 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), a heterogeneous group of exogenous chemicals that can interfere with any aspect of endogenous hormones, represent an emerging global threat for human metabolism. There is now considerable evidence that the observed upsurge of metabolic disease cannot be fully attributed to increased caloric intake, physical inactivity, sleep deficit, and ageing. Among environmental factors implicated in the global deterioration of metabolic health, EDCs have drawn the biggest attention of scientific community, and not unjustifiably. EDCs unleash a coordinated attack toward multiple components of human metabolism, including crucial, metabolically-active organs such as hypothalamus, adipose tissue, pancreatic beta cells, skeletal muscle, and liver. Specifically, EDCs' impact during critical developmental windows can promote the disruption of individual or multiple systems involved in metabolism, via inducing epigenetic changes that can permanently alter the epigenome in the germline, enabling changes to be transmitted to the subsequent generations. The clear effect of this multifaceted attack is the manifestation of metabolic disease, clinically expressed as obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Although limitations of EDCs research do exist, there is no doubt that EDCs constitute a crucial parameter of the global deterioration of metabolic health we currently encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Papalou
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece
- *Correspondence: Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis
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236
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Cao F, Li H, Zhao F, Wu P, Qian L, Huang L, Pang S, Martyniuk CJ, Qiu L. Parental exposure to azoxystrobin causes developmental effects and disrupts gene expression in F1 embryonic zebrafish (Danio rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 646:595-605. [PMID: 30059920 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The fungicide azoxystrobin induces reproductive toxicity in adult zebrafish. However, data are lacking regarding the impact of azoxystrobin in the F1 generation after parental exposure. To address this knowledge gap, parental zebrafish (F0) were exposed to 2, 20 and 200 μg/L azoxystrobin for 21 days. Following this, fertilized F1 embryos from the exposed parents were either exposed to the same concentration as their corresponding exposed parents (F0+/F1+) or were reared in clean water (F0+/F1-) for 96 h ("+", exposed; "-" unexposed). Likewise, F1 embryos from the non-exposed parents were either reared in clean water (F0-/F0-) as the control group or were exposed to 2, 20 and 200 μg/L azoxystrobin (F0-/F1+) for 96 h. Mortality, deformities, hatching rate, body length, and the expression of transcripts related to the endocrine system, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were measured. Increased mortality, higher malformation rate, decreased hatching rate, and a shorter total body length, as well as up-regulated cyp19b, vtg1, vtg2, p53, casp3, and casp9 mRNA and down-regulated sod1 and sod2 mRNA were detected in F1 embryos from the F0 and F1 exposure group at 20 and 200 μg/L azoxystrobin (F0+/F1+) when compared with the group from the F0 exposure alone (F0+/F1-). Interestingly, F1 exposure alone (F0-/F1+) did not induce mortality, developmental impairments, nor morphological deformations compared to the control group, but it did increase expression level of sod1, sod2, cat, p53, and casp9 at 200 μg/L azoxystrobin. Taken together, these data suggest that azoxystrobin affects survivability, development, and genes involved in the endocrine system, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in F1 embryos if their parents are initially exposed to this fungicide compared to embryos from non-exposed parents. Moreover, the effects are more severe if the offspring are continuously exposed to azoxystrobin similar to their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Cao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peizhuo Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Le Qian
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sen Pang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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237
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Buah-Kwofie A, Humphries MS. Validation of a modified QuEChERS method for the analysis of organochlorine pesticides in fatty biological tissues using two-dimensional gas chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1105:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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238
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Kanda R. Reproductive Impact of Environmental Chemicals on Animals. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1200:41-70. [PMID: 31471794 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23633-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Wildlife is exposed to a diverse range of natural and man-made chemicals. Some environmental chemicals possess specific endocrine disrupting properties, which have the potential to disrupt reproductive and developmental process in certain animals. There is growing evidence that exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals plays a key role in reproductive disorders in fish, amphibians, mammals, reptiles and invertebrates. This evidence comes from field-based observations and laboratory based exposure studies, which provide substantial evidence that environmental chemicals can cause adverse effects at environmentally relevant doses. There is particular concern about wildlife exposures to cocktails of biologically active chemicals, which combined with other stressors, may play an even greater role in reproductive disorders than can be reproduced in laboratory experiments. Regulation of chemicals affords some protection to animals of the adverse effects of exposure to legacy chemicals but there continues to be considerable debate on the regulation of emerging pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kanda
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.
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239
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Binding Constants of Maackia Amurensis Whole Extract and its Separate Flavanoids to Estradiol Receptors. Pharm Chem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-019-1914-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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240
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Samidurai J, Subramanian M, Venugopal D. Levels of organochlorine pesticide residues in fresh water fishes of three bird sanctuaries in Tamil Nadu, India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:1983-1993. [PMID: 30460660 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticide (OCP) residues were determined in nine species of fresh water fishes caught from three bird sanctuaries in Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 302 fishes were analyzed for various types of OCPS. OCPs, namely hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), heptachlor epoxide, endosulfan, and dieldrin were detected among various species of fishes. Among the various OCPs analyzed, HCH was the most frequently detected pesticides. Among the HCH isomers, β HCH contributed more than 50% to the Σ HCH. p,p' DDT, the metabolites of DDT, had high percentage of occurrence. Among the cyclodiene insecticide residues, endosulfan was detected in more than 60% of the fishes. Varying levels of ΣOCPs (a sum of Σ HCH, Σ DDT, Σ endosulfan, heptachlor epoxide, and dieldrin) were detected in various fish species, although it was not significant (p > 0.05). However, significant variations in OCPs were observed among location and between seasons (p < 0.05). However, continuous monitoring is recommended to facilitate the early identification of risks not only to the fishes, but also to fish-eating birds breeding in these sanctuaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayakumar Samidurai
- Division of Ecotoxicology, Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641108, India.
- P.G. Research Department of Zoology and Wildlife Biology, A.V.C. College (Autonomous), Mannampandal, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, 609305, India.
| | - Muralidharan Subramanian
- Division of Ecotoxicology, Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641108, India
| | - Dhananjayan Venugopal
- Division of Ecotoxicology, Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641108, India
- Industrial Hygiene & Toxicology Division, Regional Occupational Health Centre (S), ICMR-NIOH, Devanahalli, Bangalore, 562110, India
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241
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Forghani M, Sadeghi G, Peyda M. The Presence of 17 Beta-Estradiol in the Environment: Health Effects and Increasing Environmental Concerns. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGIC RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.15171/ijer.2018.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) as active biological compounds can pose a threat to the environment through acute and chronic toxicity in organisms, accumulation in the ecosystem, and loss of habitats and biodiversity. They also have a range of possible adverse effects on environmental and ecological health. Estradiol, as one of the natural estrogenic hormones released by the humans and livestock, may exert endocrine-disrupting effects on the nanogram-per-liter range and cause serious problems for the aquatic organisms and animals in many aquatic systems. Various studies have reported the presence of synthetic estrogens such as 17 alpha-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and natural estrogens including 17 beta-estradiol (E2) in wastewater sludge, surface water, river bed sediment, and also digested and activated sludge. The aim of the present study was to review and evaluate the endocrine disrupting compounds especially 17 beta-estradiol, as a representative of estrogen hormones present in the environment and their disturbing effects on humans and wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrokh Forghani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Sadeghi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mazyar Peyda
- Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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242
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Qi P, Ren S, Tang Z, Guo B, Xia H. Expression of zona pellucida 3 gene is regulated by 17α-ethinylestradiol in adult topmouth culter Culter alburnus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 214:43-51. [PMID: 30189258 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen could lead to abnormal modulation or disruption of physical development, reproduction and sexual behavior in aquatic wildlife, especially in fish. Information on the toxicity of estrogens to native species in that can be used in site-specific risk assessments is scarce. In the present study, one zona pellucida 3 (ZP3) homologue termed CaZP3 was firstly identified from topmouth culter Culter alburnus, following its structural characteristics, tissue distribution and transcriptional modulation to 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) exposure were investigated. Meanwhile, vitellogenin (VTG) gene was employed to provide a comparison of the reactive ability to EE2 induction. The CaZP3 characterized with analogical functional domains such as ZP domain, SP, IHP, EHP, 12 cysteine residues, one N-linked glycosylation site and two conserved O-linked glycosylation sites and equal number of eight exons and seven introns with ZP3 counterparts of higher species. CaZP3 mRNA predominantly expressed in ovary, besides, highly expressed in female heart and male muscle and relatively high expressed in testis. CaZP3 has the lower reactive ability to EE2 induction in comparison with VTG, however, CaZP3 transcripts were significantly induced in gonads of both male and female culter by EE2 and could be used as an alternative biomarker to monitor EE2 activity. The present results supplement the database for toxicity of EE2, especially for fish species endemic to China and provide some useful information for the monitoring of EE2 activity in aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhi Qi
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhejiang, Zhoushan 316004, China.
| | - Shitai Ren
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhejiang, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Zurong Tang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhejiang, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Baoying Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhejiang, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Hu Xia
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan province, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Hunan, Changde 415000, China
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243
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Chen MY, Liu HP, Liu CH, Cheng J, Chang MS, Chiang SY, Liao WP, Lin WY. DEHP toxicity on vision, neuromuscular junction, and courtship behaviors of Drosophila. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:1558-1567. [PMID: 30293038 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most common plasticizer. Previous studies have shown DEHP treatment accelerates neurological degeneration, suggesting that DEHP may impact retinal sensitivity to light, neurotransmission, and copulation behaviors. Although its neurotoxicity and antifertility properties have been studied, whether DEHP exposure disrupts vision and how DEHP influences neuromuscular junction (NMJ) have not been reported yet. Moreover, the impact of DEHP on insect courtship behavior is still elusive. Fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) were treated with series concentrations of DEHP and observed for lifespan, motor function, electroretinogram (ERG), electrophysiology of neuromuscular junction (NMJ), courtship behaviors, and relevant gene expression. Our results confirmed the DEHP toxicity on lifespan and capacity of motor function and updated its effect on copulation behaviors. Additionally, we report for the first time that DEHP exposure may harm vision by affecting the synaptic signaling between the photoreceptor and the laminar neurons. Further, DEHP treatment altered both spontaneous and evoked neurotransmission properties. Noteworthy, the effect of DEHP exposure on the copulation behavior is sex-dependent, and we proposed potential mechanisms for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hsiu Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Jack Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Shiun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Su-Yin Chiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Wing-Ping Liao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Yong Lin
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan; Brain Diseases Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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244
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Vidal N, Loureiro M, Hued AC, Eguren G, de Mello FT. Female masculinization and reproductive success in Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns, 1842) (Cyprinodontiforme: Poeciliidae) under anthropogenic impact. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:1331-1340. [PMID: 30244326 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1985-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms are exposed to a myriad of chemical compounds, with particular concerns focused on endocrine disruptors. Growing scientific evidence indicates that these compounds interfere with normal endocrine function and could affect the reproductive system of humans and wildlife. We analyzed the proportion of masculinized females, defined by elongation and fusion of the anal fin rays, and the extent of masculinization, masculinization index, defined by anal fin length divided by the standard length, of Cnesterodon decemmaculatus resident to areas of agricultural and urban-industrial activities in the Arroyo Colorado basin. Additionally, a bioassay was carried out to assess the potential effects of masculinization on reproductive success, measured as the number of viable progenies, using pregnant females from the site downstream of the urban-industrial zone. Masculinized females were observed in all sampling sites, particularly downstream of the urban-industrial area, where over 80% of females presented abnormal sexual characteristics and the highest masculinization index was registered. In the laboratory, masculinized adult females showed male mating behavior, and survival of their progeny was lower than those of normal females. To our knowledge, this is the first report of endocrine disruption in field-collected C. decemmaculatus, and the first evaluation of the reproductive success of masculinized females. Finally, our results support C. decemmaculatus as an excellent sentinel species due to its wide distribution, easy culture in laboratory conditions, and its potential capability to respond to sources of pollution, particularly endocrine disruptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Vidal
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, CURE, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó entre Saravia y Bvar. Artigas, Maldonado, CP, 20000, Uruguay.
- Departamento de Ecología & Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, CP, 11400, Uruguay.
| | - Marcelo Loureiro
- Departamento de Ecología & Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, CP, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Andrea Cecilia Hued
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), CONICET and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 299, Córdoba, CP, 5000, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Eguren
- Instituto de Ecología y Ciencias Ambientales. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, CP, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Franco Teixeira de Mello
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, CURE, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó entre Saravia y Bvar. Artigas, Maldonado, CP, 20000, Uruguay.
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245
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Maske P, Dighe V, Vanage G. n-butylparaben exposure during perinatal period impairs fertility of the F1 generation female rats. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 213:114-123. [PMID: 30218874 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are a class of preservatives widely used in the majority of personal care products, cosmetics, medicines, and food products. However, current literature suggests its plausible role as an endocrine disruptor, hence the present study was undertaken to delineate the effects of n-butyl paraben on perinatally exposed F1 female rats. F0 dams were exposed subcutaneously to n-butylparaben from gestation day 6 (GD 6) to postnatal day (PND) 21 with doses of 10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg Bw/day in corn oil. The F1 female rats were monitored for pubertal development and sexual maturation through PND 30, 45, and 75; which were subsequently subjected to fertility assessment at PND 75. Perinatal exposure to n-butylparaben resulted in- This study documents impaired steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis might be the prime reason for the reduced fertility of F1 female rats. Hence, our study suggests that health monitors need to counsel potential females planning for pregnancy to avoid exposure to parabens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Maske
- National Centre for Preclinical Reproductive and Genetic Toxicology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 012, India
| | - Vikas Dighe
- National Centre for Preclinical Reproductive and Genetic Toxicology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 012, India
| | - Geeta Vanage
- National Centre for Preclinical Reproductive and Genetic Toxicology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 012, India.
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246
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Geraudie P, Gerbron M, Lockyer AE, Jobling S, Minier C. Molecular isolation and characterization of the kisspeptin system, KISS and GPR54 genes in roach Rutilus rutilus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:36759-36764. [PMID: 30293106 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3299-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The reproduction of vertebrates is regulated by endocrine and neuro-endocrine signaling molecules acting along the brain-pituitary-gonad (BPG) axis. The understanding of the neuroendocrine role played in reproductive function has been recently revolutionized since the KiSS1/GPR54 (KiSS1r) system was discovered in 2003 in human and mice. Kisspeptins, neuropeptides that are encoded by the KiSS genes, have been recognized as essential in the regulation of the gonadotropic axis. They have been shown to play key roles in puberty onset and reproduction by regulating the gonadotropin secretion in mammals while physiological roles in vertebrates are still poorly known. In order to provide new knowledge on basic reproductive physiology in fish as well as new tools to assess impacts of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), the neurotransmitter system, i.e., gene/receptor, KISS/GPR54 might constitute an appropriate biomarker. This study provides new understandings on the neuroendocrine regulation of roach reproduction as well as new molecular tools to be used as biomarkers of endocrine disruption. This work completes the set of biomarkers already validated in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perrine Geraudie
- Akvaplan-Niva, Environmental and Petroleum Research Department, Framsenteret, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Marie Gerbron
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, UMR-I 02 SEBIO-Normandie University, Le Havre, France
| | - Anne E Lockyer
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Susan Jobling
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Christophe Minier
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, UMR-I 02 SEBIO-Normandie University, Le Havre, France
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247
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Hue NTM, Van Thuong N, Mai PTN, Minh NH. Site-specific bioaccumulation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDFs) in mothers and their infants living in vicinity of Bien Hoa airbase, Southern Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2018; 40:2539-2549. [PMID: 29748732 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0118-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bien Hoa airbase is located in Dong Nai Province (Southern Vietnam). Several sites within the airbase are highly contaminated by Agent Orange/Dioxin, and thus, they are also commonly named as an Agent Orange/Dioxin hotpot. In the present study, 36 maternal milk samples were collected from primiparas who have lived at least 5 years in four wards, Buu Long, Quang Vinh, Trung Dung and Tan Phong, which are closed to Bien Hoa airbase in order to investigate the level and distribution of Agent Orange/Dioxin exposure in different local communities. The mean concentrations of PCDD/PCDFs in four investigated wards range from 6.4 to 13.6 pgTEQ/g lipid. The highest mean TEQ of PCDD/PCDFs was observed in Buu Long ward (13.6 pgTEQ/g lipid), followed by Tan Phong ward (12.3 pgTEQ/g lipid), and the lowest value was observed in Trung Dung ward (6.4 pgTEQ/g lipid). The mean concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in Buu Long (7.6 pg/g lipid) was approximately 2-6 times higher than those in Tan Phong (3.9 pg/g lipid), Quang Vinh (2.3 pg/g lipid), or Trung Dung (1.2 pg/g lipid). These results imply site-specific exposure to PCDD/PCDFs in different local communities living around Bien Hoa airbase. The mean values of daily intake of dioxin estimated for the breast fed infants living in Buu Long, Quang Vinh, Trung Dung and Tan Phong were about 80, 37.5, 31.7 and 58 pg TEQ/kg bw/day, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Minh Hue
- Dioxin Laboratory, Center for Environmental Monitoring (CEM), Vietnam Environment Administration, Nr 556 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Long Bien, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Thuong
- Dioxin Laboratory, Center for Environmental Monitoring (CEM), Vietnam Environment Administration, Nr 556 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Long Bien, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thi Ngoc Mai
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi University of Science, Nr. 19 Le Thanh Tong Street, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hung Minh
- Dioxin Laboratory, Center for Environmental Monitoring (CEM), Vietnam Environment Administration, Nr 556 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Long Bien, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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248
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Vela N, Calín M, Yáñez-Gascón MJ, Garrido I, Pérez-Lucas G, Fenoll J, Navarro S. Photocatalytic oxidation of six endocrine disruptor chemicals in wastewater using ZnO at pilot plant scale under natural sunlight. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:34995-35007. [PMID: 29558788 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1716-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are xenobiotics that interfere with the synthesis, secretion, transport, binding, action, and elimination of the natural hormones. In this paper, the photodegradation of six EDs in municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents at pilot plant scale is reported. The EDs were bisphenol A, bisphenol B, diamyl phthalate, butyl benzylphthalate, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, and ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate. ZnO as photocatalyst in tandem with Na2S2O8 as electron acceptor under natural sunlight were used. The process was previously optimized under laboratory conditions through a photoreactor under artificial UVA irradiation studying the role of some key operating parameters (catalyst loading, effect of electron acceptor, and pH). Results carried out at pilot plant scale show that addition of ZnO in tandem with Na2S2O8 strongly enhances degradation rates compared with photolytic test. At the end of the irradiation time (240 min), the remaining amounts of EDs ranged from 24% (butyl benzylphthalate) to 0% (< LOQ bisphenol B). The degradation rates were in the order: bisphenols > parabens > phthalates. After the photoperiod, 83% of the initial dissolved organic carbon was removed and toxicity decreased to acceptable values (11% inhibition to Vibrio fisheri). The photodegradation process was found to follow pseudo-first-order kinetic model with DT50 ranging from 5 min (bisphenol B) to 102 min (butyl benzylphthalate). Thereby, photocatalytic oxidation using ZnO is an area of environmental interest for the treatment of polluted water, particularly relevant for Mediterranean countries, where solar irradiation is highly available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Vela
- Applied Technology Group to Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Science, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de Los Jerónimos, s/n. Guadalupe, 30107, Murcia, Spain.
| | - May Calín
- Applied Technology Group to Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Science, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de Los Jerónimos, s/n. Guadalupe, 30107, Murcia, Spain
| | - María J Yáñez-Gascón
- Applied Technology Group to Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Science, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de Los Jerónimos, s/n. Guadalupe, 30107, Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Garrido
- Sustainability and Quality Group of Fruit and Vegetable Products, Murcia Institut of Agri-Food Research and Development, C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia, Spain
| | - Gabriel Pérez-Lucas
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Fenoll
- Sustainability and Quality Group of Fruit and Vegetable Products, Murcia Institut of Agri-Food Research and Development, C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia, Spain
| | - Simón Navarro
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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249
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Pontelli RCN, Souza MCO, Fantucci MZ, de Andrade M, Rocha EM. The role of endocrine disruptors in ocular surface diseases. Med Hypotheses 2018; 122:157-164. [PMID: 30593402 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors are a group of compounds that occur in increasing amounts in the environment. These compounds change the hormone homeostasis of the target organs regulated by those hormones, mostly by binding to their receptors and affecting their signaling pathways. Among the hormones altered by endocrine disruptors are sex hormones, thyroid hormones, and insulin. Studies have documented abnormalities in the reproductive and metabolic systems of various animal species exposed to endocrine disruptors. Endocrine disruptors can play a significant role in ocular diseases once hormone deficiency or excess are involved in the mechanism of that disease. Cataracts, dry eye disease and retinal diseases, such as macular hole and diabetic retinopathy, are some of the frequent problems where hormones have been implicated. We found that some compounds function as endocrine disruptors in the metabolism of body organs and systems. The increasing frequency of dry eye and other ocular diseases indicates the need to better investigate the potential relationships beyond the isolated associations mentioned by patients and documented as rare case reports. The evidence from case-control studies and experimental assays can provide the information necessary to confirm the endocrine effects of these chemicals in the pathophysiology of dry eye disease. We hypothesize that endocrine disruptors may contribute to the increase of ocular diseases, such as dry eye disease, in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina C N Pontelli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marília C O Souza
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analyzes, ASTox - Laboratory of Analytical and Systems Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Z Fantucci
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mônica de Andrade
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Rocha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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250
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Genome Analysis of Rhodococcus Sp. DSSKP-R-001: A Highly Effective β-Estradiol-Degrading Bacterium. Int J Genomics 2018; 2018:3505428. [PMID: 30510960 PMCID: PMC6230383 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3505428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We screened bacteria that use E2 as its sole source of carbon and energy for growth and identified them as Rhodococcus, and we named them DSSKP-R-001. For a better understanding of the metabolic potential of the strain, whole genome sequencing of Rhodococcus DSSKP-R-001 and annotation of the functional genes were performed. The genomic sketches included a predicted protein-coding gene of approximately 5.4 Mbp with G + C content of 68.72% and 5180. The genome of Rhodococcus strain DSSKP-R-001 consists of three replicons: one chromosome and two plasmids of 5.2, 0.09, and 0.09, respectively. The results showed that there were ten steroid-degrading enzymes distributed in the whole genome of the strain. The existence and expression of estradiol-degrading enzymes were verified by PCR and RTPCR. Finally, comparative genomics was used to compare multiple strains of Rhodococcus. It was found that Rhodococcus DSSKP-R-001 had the highest similarity to Rhodococcus sp. P14 and there were 2070 core genes shared with Rhodococcus sp. P14, Rhodococcus jostii RHA1, Rhodococcus opacus B4, and Rhodococcus equi 103S, showing evolutionary homology. In summary, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of Rhodococcus DSSKP-R-001 in estradiol-efficient degradation of these assays for Rhodococcus. DSSKP-R-001 in bioremediation and evolution within Rhodococcus has important meaning.
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