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Jurikova T, Skrovankova S, Mlcek J, Balla S, Snopek L. Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, and Biological Effects of European Cranberry ( Vaccinium oxycoccos). Molecules 2018; 24:E24. [PMID: 30577610 PMCID: PMC6337168 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lesser known fruits or underutilized fruit species are recently of great research interest due to the presence of phytochemicals that manifest many biological effects. European cranberry, Vaccinium oxycoccos fruit, as an important representative of this group, is a valuable source of antioxidants and other biologically active substances, similar to American cranberry (V. macrocarpon) which is well known and studied. European cranberry fruit is rich especially in polyphenolic compounds anthocyanins (12.4⁻207.3 mg/100 g fw), proanthocyanins (1.5⁻5.3 mg/100 g fw), and flavonols, especially quercetin (0.52⁻15.4 mg/100 g fw), which mostly contribute to the antioxidant activity of the fruit. Small cranberry is also important due to its various biological effects such as urinary tract protection (proanthocyanidins), antibacterial and antifungal properties (quercetin, proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins), cardioprotective (proanthocyanidins) and anticancer activities (proanthocyanidins), and utilization in food (juice drinks, jams, jellies, sauces, additive to meat products) and pharmacological industries, and in folk medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunde Jurikova
- Institute for teacher training, Faculty of Central European Studies, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, SK-949 74 Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Sona Skrovankova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, CZ-760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Mlcek
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, CZ-760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Stefan Balla
- Institute for teacher training, Faculty of Central European Studies, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, SK-949 74 Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Lukas Snopek
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, CZ-760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
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Lee SH, Heng D, Xavier VJ, Chan KP, Ng WK, Zhao Y, Chan HK, Tan RB. Inhaled non-steroidal polyphenolic alternatives for anti-inflammatory combination therapy. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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203
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Portincasa P, Calamita G. Phytocompounds modulating Aquaporins: Clinical benefits are anticipated. Food Chem 2018; 274:642-650. [PMID: 30372989 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of plant-derived bioactive compounds belonging to the class of polyphenols, terpenes and capsaicinoids, interact with important pathophysiological pathways at a molecular, cellular and systemic level. Mechanisms of action include altering cell growth and differentiation, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, redox balance and metabolic and energy homeostasis. These effects might also involve the expression and function of Aquaporins (AQPs), a family of membrane channel proteins, involved in several body functions. The ultimate translational beneficial effect of such phytocompounds on AQPs in health and disease is a matter of intensive research. Results might provide novel therapeutic approaches to a number of human diseases. Here, we give an updated overview of this fast growing and promising field, discussing a number of phytocompounds and their action on AQPs and related potential clinical achievements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Medical School, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
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204
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Aqueous Extract of Glucoraphanin-Rich Broccoli Sprouts Inhibits Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products and Attenuates Inflammatory Reactions in Endothelial Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:9823141. [PMID: 30174716 PMCID: PMC6106845 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9823141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that sulforaphane not only inhibits formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) but also exerts anti-inflammatory effects on AGE-exposed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and AGE-injected rat aortae. Here we examined the effects of aqueous extract of glucoraphanin-rich broccoli sprouts on formation of AGEs and then investigated whether the extract could attenuate inflammatory or oxidative stress reactions in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)- or AGE-exposed HUVECs. Fresh broccoli sprouts were homogenized in phosphate-buffered saline and filtered through a gauze. After centrifugation, clear extract was obtained. AGE formation was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Gene expression was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were measured using a fluorescent dye. Five percent broccoli sprout extract inhibited the formation of AGEs, reduced basal gene expressions of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1,) and receptor for AGEs (RAGE), and upregulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA levels in HUVECs. TNF-α upregulated MCP-1, ICAM-1, and RAGE mRNA levels in HUVECs, all of which were attenuated by the treatment with 1% broccoli sprout extract. Pretreatment of 1% broccoli sprout extract prevented the ROS generation in HUVECs evoked by AGEs. The present study demonstrates that sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract could inhibit the AGE-RAGE axis and exhibit anti-inflammatory actions in HUVECs. Supplementation of sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract may play a protective role against vascular injury.
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205
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Al-Asmari AK, Khan HA, Manthiri RA, Al-Khlaiwi AA, Al-Asmari BA, Ibrahim KE. Protective effects of a natural herbal compound quercetin against snake venom-induced hepatic and renal toxicities in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:105-110. [PMID: 29751071 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Echis pyramidum is a highly poisonous viper snake. Previous studies have shown acute phase hepatic and renal toxicities of Echis pyramidum venom (EPV) in rats. This study reports the protective effects of a natural herbal compound quercetin (QRC) on EPV-induced hepatic and renal toxicities in rats. A singly injection of EPV (4.76 mg/kg) caused significant increase in serum biomarkers of liver and kidney function. Pre-treatment of QRC (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the toxic effects of EPV on functional impairment in liver and kidneys of rats. Administration of QRC also reversed EPV-induced increase in lipid peroxidation and decrease in total thiols. The histopathology of liver showed fat accumulation, focal degeneration and cytoplasmic vacuolation of hepatocytes in EPV treated rats. EPV also caused renal tubular dilation and focal atrophy of glomerular tufts in rat kidneys. Administration of QRC prevented EPV-induced structural tissue damage in liver and kidneys of rats. In conclusion, QRC significantly inhibited the acute phase toxic effects of EPV on liver and kidneys of rats by preventing the oxidative stress in these organs. QRC is also known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-edema, anti-hemorrhagic and PLA2-inhibitory properties and therefore may be regarded as a multi-action antidote against snake venom toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman K Al-Asmari
- Scientific Research Center, Medical Services Department, Ministry of Defense, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Haseeb A Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rajamohamed A Manthiri
- Scientific Research Center, Medical Services Department, Ministry of Defense, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Al-Khlaiwi
- Scientific Research Center, Medical Services Department, Ministry of Defense, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bayan A Al-Asmari
- Dental Department, Dental Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid E Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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206
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Yang T, Liu Y, Huang X, Zhang R, Yang C, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Wan J, Shi S. Quercetin‑3‑O‑β‑D‑glucoside decreases the bioavailability of cyclosporin A through regulation of drug metabolizing enzymes, transporters and nuclear receptors in rats. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2599-2612. [PMID: 30015887 PMCID: PMC6102747 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid compound that is widely present in food and drink. Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (Q3GA) is a major metabolite of quercetin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Q3GA on the pharmacokinetics of orally and intravenously administered cyclosporin A (CsA) in rats, and to assess the effect of Q3GA on drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), drug transporters (DTs) and nuclear receptors (NRs). The pharmacokinetic parameters of CsA were measured following oral (10 mg/kg) and intravenous (2.5 mg/kg) administration of CsA in the presence or absence of Q3GA. The mRNA and protein expression levels of DMEs, DTs and NRs in the liver and small intestine were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The results indicated that the intravenous administration of Q3GA (2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg) for 7 consecutive days reduced the bioavailability of oral CsA. By contrast, the pharmacokinetics of the intravenous administration of CsA were not affected by Q3GA. However, the mRNA and protein expression levels of DMEs and DTs were inhibited by Q3GA. The activation of DMEs and DTs by NRs, and the interplay between DMEs and DTs, may explain these results. The present study identified a novel flavonoid-drug interaction, which may have implications for patients taking CsA and quercetin supplements or on a quercetin-containing diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yani Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xixi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wan
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shaojun Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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207
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Tesse A, Grossini E, Tamma G, Brenner C, Portincasa P, Marinelli RA, Calamita G. Aquaporins as Targets of Dietary Bioactive Phytocompounds. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 5:30. [PMID: 29721498 PMCID: PMC5915544 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived bioactive compounds have protective role for plants but may also modulate several physiological processes of plant consumers. In the last years, a wide spectrum of phytochemicals have been found to be beneficial to health interacting with molecular signaling pathways underlying critical functions such as cell growth and differentiation, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, redox balance, cell volume regulation, metabolic homeostasis, and energy balance. Hence, a large number of biologically active phytocompounds of foods have been isolated, characterized, and eventually modified representing a natural source of novel molecules to prevent, delay or cure several human diseases. Aquaporins (AQPs), a family of membrane channel proteins involved in many body functions, are emerging among the targets of bioactive phytochemicals in imparting their beneficial actions. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of this fast growing topic focusing especially on what it is known on the modulatory effects played by several edible plant and herbal compounds on AQPs, both in health and disease. Phytochemical modulation of AQP expression may provide new medical treatment options to improve the prognosis of several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Tesse
- Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, l'Institut du Thorax, Universitè de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Elena Grossini
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Grazia Tamma
- Department of Biosciences, Biotecnhologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Catherine Brenner
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S 1180-LabEx LERMIT, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay Malabry, France
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Medical School, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Raul A Marinelli
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotecnhologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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208
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Xiao L, Luo G, Tang Y, Yao P. Quercetin and iron metabolism: What we know and what we need to know. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 114:190-203. [PMID: 29432835 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Iron is a life-supporting micronutrient that is required in the human diet, and is essential for maintaining physiological homeostasis. Properly harnessing a redox-active metal such as iron is a great challenge for cells and organisms because an excess of highly reactive iron catalyzes the formation of reactive oxygen species and can lead to cell and tissue damage. Quercetin is a typical flavonoid that is commonly found in fruits and vegetables and has versatile biological effects. From a classical viewpoint, owing to its unique chemical characteristics, quercetin has long been associated with iron metabolism only in the context of its iron-chelating and ROS-scavenging activities. However, within the field of human iron biology, expanding concepts of the roles of quercetin are flourishing, and great strides are being made in understanding the interactions between quercetin and iron. This progress highlights the varied roles of quercetin in iron metabolism, which involve much more than iron chelation alone. A review of these studies provides an ideal context to summarize recent progress and discuss compelling evidence for therapeutic opportunities that could arise from a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Ping Yao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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209
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Charlton RL, Rossi-Bergmann B, Denny PW, Steel PG. Repurposing as a strategy for the discovery of new anti-leishmanials: the-state-of-the-art. Parasitology 2018; 145:219-236. [PMID: 28805165 PMCID: PMC5964475 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182017000993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne neglected tropical disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania for which there is a paucity of effective viable non-toxic drugs. There are 1·3 million new cases each year causing considerable socio-economic hardship, best measured in 2·4 million disability adjusted life years, with greatest impact on the poorest communities, which means that desperately needed new antileishmanial treatments have to be both affordable and accessible. Established medicines with cheaper and faster development times may hold the cure for this neglected tropical disease. This concept of using old drugs for new diseases may not be novel but, with the ambitious target of controlling or eradicating tropical diseases by 2020, this strategy is still an important one. In this review, we will explore the current state-of-the-art of drug repurposing strategies in the search for new treatments for leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Charlton
- Department of Chemistry,University Science Laboratories,South Road,Durham DH1 3LE,UK
| | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,Ilha do Fundão,CEP 21·949-900 Rio de Janeiro,RJ,Brazil
| | - Paul W Denny
- Department of Biosciences,University Science Laboratories,South Road,Durham DH1 3LE,UK
| | - Patrick G Steel
- Department of Chemistry,University Science Laboratories,South Road,Durham DH1 3LE,UK
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210
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Marefati N, Eftekhar N, Kaveh M, Boskabadi J, Beheshti F, Boskabady M. The Effect of Allium cepa Extract on Lung Oxidant, Antioxidant, and Immunological Biomarkers in Ovalbumin-Sensitized Rats. Med Princ Pract 2018; 27:122-128. [PMID: 29471299 PMCID: PMC5968249 DOI: 10.1159/000487885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of Allium cepa (A. cepa) on levels of oxidants, antioxidants, and immunological markers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) of sensitized rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Oxidant/antioxidant markers and cytokines in BALF of control rats treated with saline (group C), ovalbumin-sensitized rats (group S), rats treated with 1.25 μg/mL dexamethasone and 3 doses of A. cepa extract (35, 70, and 140 mg/kg body weight [BW]/day) (S + AC) were investigated. Comparison of the results between groups was performed using analysis of variance with the Tukey-Kramer post hoc test. RESULTS The oxidant markers nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrate (NO3-), and malondialdehyde (MDA), and immunological markers interleukin (IL)-4 and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were significantly higher, but the antioxidant markers superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), thiol, and interferon (IFN)-γ, and the IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio were lower in sensitized rats compared to control rats (p < 0.001 to p < 0.01). Compared to group S, the levels of the following markers were significantly lower: NO2, NO3-, and IgE in groups treated with the A. cepa extract, MDA and IL-4 levels in groups treated with 70 and 140 mg/kg BW/day of the A. cepa extract, and all these markers as well as IFN-γ in rats treated with dexamethasone (p < 0.001 to p < 0.05). However, there were significantly higher levels of SOD and CAT and an increased IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio (groups treated with 70 and 140 mg/kg BW/day of the A. cepa extract), and levels of thiol and IFN-γ (group treated with 140 mg/kg BW/day of the A. cepa extract) as well as SOD, CAT, and thiol (dexamethasone-treated group) versus group S (p < 0.00 to p < 0.05). CONCLUSION A. cepa showed antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties in sensitized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Marefati
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - N. Eftekhar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M. Kaveh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - J. Boskabadi
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - F. Beheshti
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M.H. Boskabady
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- *Mohammad Hossein Boskabady, Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad (Iran), E-Mail or
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211
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Effect of quercetin on cell protection via erythropoietin and cell injury of HepG2 cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2017; 636:11-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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212
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Jiang WJ, Kitanaka S, Takamiya T, Iijima H. Stereospecific inhibition of nitric oxide production in macrophage cells by flavanonols: Synthesis and the structure-activity relationship. Part 2. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4277-4284. [PMID: 28662961 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To explore the structure-activity relationships of flavanonols on the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells, we have prepared a series of synthetic flavanonols. In our previous study, the 2',3'-dihydroxyphenyl substructure was found to be the most potent B ring substructure among the flavanonols having 3,5,7-trihydroxychroman-4-one as the A/C ring. In this study, we examined the effect of diverse substitutions on the A ring of the 2-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxychroman-4-one scaffold, i.e., by fixing the B ring to the 2',3'-dihydroxyphenyl substructure. Eighteen stereoisomers and 4 racemic mixtures were prepared, and their inhibitory potency on NO production in RAW 264.7 cells was tested. We observed higher inhibitory activity in the (2R,3R) stereoisomers than in the (2S,3S) stereoisomers. The presence of a hydroxy or a methoxy group at the 7-postiion enhanced the inhibitory potency, and the additional substitutions at the 6- or 8-position in the A ring increased potency and stereospecificity. A representative compound, (2R,3R)-2',3',7,8-tetrahydroxyflavanonol 5e, had an IC50 value of 17µM, whereas its (2S,3S) stereoisomer did not inhibit NO production at all at a concentration of 100µM. In this study, it was necessary to determine the absolute configuration of the stereoisomers of the synthesized flavanonols that carry methoxy substitutions in the A ring. The procedure to determine their absolute configuration by the CD excitation chirality method is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashino-dai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Susumu Kitanaka
- School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashino-dai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takamiya
- School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashino-dai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iijima
- School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashino-dai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan.
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Şengül E, Gelen V, Gedikli S, Özkanlar S, Gür C, Çelebi F, Çınar A. The protective effect of quercetin on cyclophosphamide-Induced lung toxicity in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:303-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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214
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Zeinali M, Rezaee SA, Hosseinzadeh H. An overview on immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of chrysin and flavonoids substances. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:998-1009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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215
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Qiu YY, Zhang YW, Qian XF, Bian T. miR-371, miR-138, miR-544, miR-145, and miR-214 could modulate Th1/Th2 balance in asthma through the combinatorial regulation of Runx3. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:3184-3199. [PMID: 28804539 PMCID: PMC5553871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is tightly related to the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells, and Runx3 plays a pivotal role in the differentiation of T helper cells. The present study aimed to investigate dysregulated microRNAs that may target Runx3 in CD4+ T cells from asthmatic patients and reveal Runx3 function in Th1/Th2 balance regulation. We detected the levels of Th1- and Th2-related cytokines by ELISA and analyzed the differentiation marker gene of T helper cells by qRT-PCR. Results indicated that an imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells was present in our asthmatic subject. Runx3 expression was reduced in the CD4+ T cells from asthmatic patients. Overexpression of Runx3 could restore the Th1/Th2 balance. After performing microRNA microarray assay, we found a series of microRNAs that were considerably altered in the CD4+ T cells from asthmatic patients. Among these upregulated microRNAs, eight microRNAs that may target Runx3 were selected by bioinformatics prediction. Five microRNAs, namely miR-371, miR-138, miR-544, miR-145, and miR-214, were confirmed by qRT-PCR and selected as candidate microRNAs. Luciferase reporter assay showed that these five microRNAs could directly target the 3'-UTR of Runx3. However, only simultaneous inhibition of these five microRNAs could alter the expression of Runx3. Most importantly, only simultaneous inhibition could improve the Th1/Th2 balance. Thus, we suggest that miR-371, miR-138, miR-544, miR-145, and miR-214 can modulate the Th1/Th2 balance in asthma by regulating Runx3 in a combinatorial manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Qiu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNo. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying-Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNo. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiu-Fen Qian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityNo. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Bian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityNo. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
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216
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Reduction of Asthmatic Parameters by Sea Hare Hydrolysates in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070699. [PMID: 28678189 PMCID: PMC5537814 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea hare has a variety of biological activities. However, little is known regarding the anti-asthmatic effects of sea hare. This study was performed to identify the effect of sea hare hydrolysates (SHH) on an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma model. The experimental asthma model was sensitized and challenged with OVA. We found that a high-dose of SHH (HSHH) significantly inhibited OVA-induced airway inflammation and mucus production around the airway in lung sections, while low- and medium-dose SHH showed an insignificant effect. In addition, HSHH highly reduced OVA-induced production of interleukin-4, -5, -13, leukotriene D4, E4, and histamine in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. HSHH decreased the histamine-induced increase in the intracellular Ca2+ level and contractions in asthmatic smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, HSHH did not affect the weights of the spleen nor thymus, whereas dexamethasone (DEX), a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, reduced them. Taken together, these results showed that HSHH reduced asthmatic parameters in a mouse model of allergic asthma, and suggest that SHH could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for asthma.
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217
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Lipid-core nanocapsules increase the oral efficacy of quercetin in cutaneous leishmaniasis. Parasitology 2017; 144:1769-1774. [PMID: 28653597 DOI: 10.1017/s003118201700097x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
New oral treatments are needed for all forms of leishmaniasis. Here, the improved oral efficacy of quercetin (Qc) and its penta-acetylated derivative (PQc) was evaluated in cutaneous leishmaniasis after encapsulation in lipid-core nanocapsules (LNCs) of poly(ε-caprolactone). Leishmania amazonensis-infected BALB/c mice were given 51 daily oral doses of free drugs (16 mg kg-1) or LNC-loaded drugs (0·4 mg kg-1). While treatment with free Qc reduced the lesion sizes and parasite loads by 38 and 71%, respectively, LNC-Qc produced 64 and 91% reduction, respectively. The antileishmanial efficacy of PQc was similar but not as potently improved by encapsulation as Qc. None of the treatments increased aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase or creatinine serum levels. These findings indicate that when encapsulated in LNC, Qc and, to a lesser extent, PQc can safely produce an enhanced antileishmanial effect even at a 40-fold lower dose, with implications for the development of a new oral drug for cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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218
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Camps-Bossacoma M, Massot-Cladera M, Abril-Gil M, Franch A, Pérez-Cano FJ, Castell M. Cocoa Diet and Antibody Immune Response in Preclinical Studies. Front Nutr 2017; 4:28. [PMID: 28702458 PMCID: PMC5484773 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2017.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of cocoa to interact with the immune system in vitro and in vivo has been described. In the latter context, a cocoa-enriched diet in healthy rats was able to modify the immune system's functionality. This fact could be observed in the composition and functionality of lymphoid tissues, such as the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. Consequently, immune effector mechanisms, such as antibody synthesis, were modified. A cocoa-enriched diet in young rats was able to attenuate the serum levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM, and IgA and also the intestinal IgM and IgA secretion. Moreover, in immunized rats, the intake of cocoa decreased specific IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2c, and IgM concentrations in serum. This immune-regulator potential was then tested in disease models in which antibodies play a pathogenic role. A cocoa-enriched diet was able to partially prevent the synthesis of autoantibodies in a model of autoimmune arthritis in rats and was also able to protect against IgE and T helper 2-related antibody synthesis in two rat models of allergy. Likewise, a cocoa-enriched diet prevented an oral sensitization process in young rats. In this review, we will focus on the influence of cocoa on the acquired branch of the immune function. Therefore, we will focus on how a cocoa diet influences lymphocyte function both in the systemic and intestinal immune system. Likewise, its potential role in preventing some antibody-induced immune diseases is also included. Although further studies must characterize the particular cocoa components responsible for such effects and nutritional studies in humans need to be carried out, cocoa has potential as a nutraceutical agent in some hypersensitivity status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Camps-Bossacoma
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Section of Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Malen Massot-Cladera
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Section of Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Mar Abril-Gil
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Section of Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Angels Franch
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Section of Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Pérez-Cano
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Section of Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Margarida Castell
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Section of Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
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219
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Marunaka Y. Actions of quercetin, a flavonoid, on ion transporters: its physiological roles. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1398:142-151. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Marunaka
- Departments of Molecular Cell Physiology and Bio-Ionomics; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
- Japan Institute for Food Education and Health; St. Agnes’ University; Kyoto Japan
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220
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Choi J, Moquin A, Bomal E, Na L, Maysinger D, Kakkar A. Telodendrimers for Physical Encapsulation and Covalent Linking of Individual or Combined Therapeutics. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2607-2615. [PMID: 28520445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
New therapeutics for glioblastoma multiforme and our ability to deliver them using efficient nanocarriers constitute topical areas of research. We report a comparative study of temozolomide and quercetin in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) in three-dimensions, and their incorporation into micelles obtained from synthetically articulated architectural copolymers, and a commercially available linear polymer poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PEG-PLGA). A versatile synthetic methodology to telodendrimers, which can be easily adapted to the needs of other therapeutic interventions, is presented. These dendritic block copolymers self-assemble into micelles and offer a platform for single or combination drug therapy. Telodendrimer micelles loaded with quercetin did not exhibit superior cell killing effect over the free drug, but acetazolamide, an inhibitor carbonic anhydrase IX, significantly reduced GBM cell viability in 3D spheroids. Results from these studies show that high loading of drugs into telodendrimer micelles requires a physical fit between the biologically active agent and telodendrimer nanocarrier, and points toward new possibilities for incorporation of chemotherapeutic and other agents to enhance their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Choi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University , 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Alexandre Moquin
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University , 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Enzo Bomal
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Li Na
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Dusica Maysinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University , 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Ashok Kakkar
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
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221
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Almalki A, Naglah AM, Refat MS, Hegab MS, Adam AMA, Al-Omar MA. Liquid and solid-state study of antioxidant quercetin donor and TCNE acceptor interaction: Focusing on solvent affect on the morphological properties. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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222
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Patel AB, Theoharides TC. Methoxyluteolin Inhibits Neuropeptide-stimulated Proinflammatory Mediator Release via mTOR Activation from Human Mast Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 361:462-471. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.240564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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223
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Actions of Quercetin, a Polyphenol, on Blood Pressure. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020209. [PMID: 28146071 PMCID: PMC6155806 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorder of blood pressure control causes serious diseases in the cardiovascular system. This review focuses on the anti-hypertensive action of quercetin, a flavonoid, which is one of the polyphenols characterized as the compounds containing large multiples of phenol structural units, by varying the values of various blood pressure regulatory factors, such as vascular compliance, peripheral vascular resistance, and total blood volume via anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant actions. In addition to the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant actions of quercetin, we especially describe a novel mechanism of quercetin’s action on the cytosolic Cl− concentration ([Cl−]c) and novel roles of the cytosolic Cl− i.e., (1) quercetin elevates [Cl−]c by activating Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) in renal epithelial cells contributing to Na+ reabsorption via the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC); (2) the quercetin-induced elevation of [Cl−]c in renal epithelial cells diminishes expression of ENaC leading to a decrease in renal Na+ reabsorption; and (3) this reduction of ENaC-mediated Na+ reabsorption in renal epithelial cells drops volume-dependent elevated blood pressure. In this review, we introduce novel, unique mechanisms of quercetin’s anti-hypertensive action via activation of NKCC1 in detail.
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224
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Natural Products and Inflammation. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010120. [PMID: 28085099 PMCID: PMC6155884 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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225
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Tamura M, Matsuo Y, Nakagawa H, Hoshi C, Hori S. Isolation of a Quercetin-metabolizing Bacterium 19 – 20 from Human Feces. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.23.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Motoi Tamura
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
| | - Yosuke Matsuo
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
| | - Hiroyuki Nakagawa
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
| | - Chigusa Hoshi
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
| | - Sachiko Hori
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
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226
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Black Crowberry (Empetrum nigrum L.) Flavonoids and Their Health Promoting Activity. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21121685. [PMID: 27941619 PMCID: PMC6272966 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, much research attention is focused on underutilized berry crops due to the high antioxidant activity of fruits. Black crowberry (Empetrum nigrum L.) represents an important source of flavonols (quercetin, rutin, myricetin, naringenin, naringin, morin, and kaempferol) and anthocyanins. The fruit components could be utilised as natural colourants or as a part of functional foods and, because of the high antioxidant activity, the berries of black crowberry can be used in the treatment of diseases accompanied with inflammation, or as an effective antibacterial and antifungal remedy. Moreover, the reduction of lipid accumulation and total cholesterol as well as an improvement of postprandial hyperglycaemia have been proven. This review summarizes for the first time the main antioxidants (flavonoids) of black crowberry fruits, with a focus on their health promoting activity.
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227
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Quercetin protects against hair cell loss in the zebrafish lateral line and guinea pig cochlea. Hear Res 2016; 342:80-85. [PMID: 27717895 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Eighteen supplement drugs were screened using hair cells to determine a protective effect against the adverse effects of neomycin by using the zebrafish lateral line. The zebrafish were administered the supplement drugs 1 h before neomycin exposure. One hour later, animals were fixed in paraformaldehyde. Dose-response curves were generated to evaluate the protective effect on hair cells. The screen identified 3 supplements (quercetin, catechin and tannic acid). Three minutes after exposure to neomycin, increased antioxidant activity was found in the lateral line hair cells, as determined by the analysis of oxidative stress. Quercetin decreases antioxidant activity. The identified drugs were also investigated to determine whether they protect the cochlea against noise-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs. The drugs were administered via the intraperitoneal route in the guinea pigs 3 days before and 4 days after noise exposure. Seven days after noise exposure (130-dB sound pressure level for 3 h), the auditory brainstem response threshold shifts were assessed. We observed that the auditory brainstem response threshold shift was significantly less in the quercetin group than in the vehicle control group. The results of our study indicate that screening drugs using zebrafish can determine additional protective drugs for the inner ear.
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