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Arumugam MK, Gopal T, Kalari Kandy RR, Boopathy LK, Perumal SK, Ganesan M, Rasineni K, Donohue TM, Osna NA, Kharbanda KK. Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Associated Mechanisms in the Development of Chronic Liver Diseases. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1311. [PMID: 37887021 PMCID: PMC10604291 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a major metabolic organ that performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification and the synthesis of proteins and biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth. Any disruption in normal liver function can lead to the development of more severe liver disorders. Overall, about 3 million Americans have some type of liver disease and 5.5 million people have progressive liver disease or cirrhosis, in which scar tissue replaces the healthy liver tissue. An estimated 20% to 30% of adults have excess fat in their livers, a condition called steatosis. The most common etiologies for steatosis development are (1) high caloric intake that causes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and (2) excessive alcohol consumption, which results in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). NAFLD is now termed "metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease" (MASLD), which reflects its association with the metabolic syndrome and conditions including diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and obesity. ALD represents a spectrum of liver injury that ranges from hepatic steatosis to more advanced liver pathologies, including alcoholic hepatitis (AH), alcohol-associated cirrhosis (AC) and acute AH, presenting as acute-on-chronic liver failure. The predominant liver cells, hepatocytes, comprise more than 70% of the total liver mass in human adults and are the basic metabolic cells. Mitochondria are intracellular organelles that are the principal sources of energy in hepatocytes and play a major role in oxidative metabolism and sustaining liver cell energy needs. In addition to regulating cellular energy homeostasis, mitochondria perform other key physiologic and metabolic activities, including ion homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, redox signaling and participation in cell injury/death. Here, we discuss the main mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic liver disease and some treatment strategies available for targeting mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madan Kumar Arumugam
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Cancer Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thiyagarajan Gopal
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India; (T.G.); (L.K.B.)
| | | | - Lokesh Kumar Boopathy
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India; (T.G.); (L.K.B.)
| | - Sathish Kumar Perumal
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Karuna Rasineni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Terrence M. Donohue
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Natalia A. Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kusum K. Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
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202
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Ji P, Yang K, Xu Q, Qin G, Zhu Q, Qian Y, Yao W. Mechanisms and Application of Gas-Based Anticancer Therapies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1394. [PMID: 37895865 PMCID: PMC10609769 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still one of the major factors threatening public health, with morbidity and mortality rates at the forefront of the world. Clinical drawbacks, such as high toxicity and side effects of drug therapy, and easy recurrence after surgery affect its therapeutic effect. Gas signaling molecules are essential in maintaining biological homeostasis and physiological functions as specific chemical substances for biological information transfer. In recent years, the physiological regulatory functions of gas molecules in the cancer process have been gradually revealed and have shown broad application prospects in tumor therapy. In this paper, standard gas therapies are classified and introduced. Taking H2, CO2, NO, CO, H2S, and SO2 gases as examples, the research progress and application of gas therapies in malignant tumors are mainly introduced in terms of biological characteristics, anticancer mechanisms, and treatment strategies. Finally, the problems and prospects for developing gases as anticancer drugs are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ji
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Pharmaceutical Chemicals Biologically Manufacturing, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Kexin Yang
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Pharmaceutical Chemicals Biologically Manufacturing, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Pharmaceutical Chemicals Biologically Manufacturing, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Guilin Qin
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Pharmaceutical Chemicals Biologically Manufacturing, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Qianyu Zhu
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Pharmaceutical Chemicals Biologically Manufacturing, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Ying Qian
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Pharmaceutical Chemicals Biologically Manufacturing, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Wenshui Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
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203
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Yu X, Yang R, He Z, Li K, Zeng P. Construction and validation of a nomogram for hepatocellular carcinoma patients based on HCC-GRIm score. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:12013-12024. [PMID: 37421461 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05037-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To construct a nomogram for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients base on HCC-GRIm score. METHODS Clinical cases of HCC patients diagnosed at Hunan Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital were included, and these were randomly divided into the training cohort (n = 219) and the validation cohort (n = 94), and those patients were divided into low GRIm-Score group (scores 0, 1, and 2) and high GRIm-Score group (scores 3, 4, and 5). In the training cohort, independent risk factors were determined by Cox regression analysis, and a nomogram was constructed by independent risk factors. The efficiency and the clinical applicability of nomograms were evaluated using ROC curves, calibration plot, and the decision curve (DCA), and the patients were divided into high-risk, middle-risk, and low-risk groups according to total score of nomogram. RESULTS Compared to low HCC-GRIm score group, high HCC-GRIm score group with BCLC stage is more advanced (P < 0.001), and fewer patients received TACE (P = 0.005) and surgical treatment (P = 0.001). There was higher rate of the presence of vascular invasion (P < 0.001) and distant metastasis (P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis screened 4 independent risk factors to construct a nomogram of HCC patients, including HCC-GRIm score, BCLC stage, albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR), and glutamyl trans-peptidase (GGT). The consistency index (C-index) of the nomogram of the training was 0.843 (0.832-0.854) and the validation was 0.870 (0.856-0.885). The time-dependent parameter showed the AUC values of the training cohort at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.954 (95% CI 0.929-0.980), 0.952 (95% CI 0.919-0.985), and 925 (95% CI 0.871-0.979), while the AUC values of validation cohort at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.974 (95% CI 0.950-0.998), 0.965 (95% CI 0.931-0.999), and 0.959 (95% CI 0.898-1.021). The calibration plot showed the nomogram fits well onto perfect curves, and the DCA curve showed the net benefit of the nomogram at a certain probability threshold is significantly higher than the net benefit of the BCLC stage at the same threshold probability. Finally, all patients were divided into high-risk, middle-risk, and low-risk groups based on the total score of nomogram, and it showed effectively to identify high-risk patients. CONCLUSION The nomogram constructed by the independent risk factors can predict the prognosis of HCC patients, providing an effective tool with clinical workers to evaluate the prognosis and survival time of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Yu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Renyi Yang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Zuomei He
- Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Kexiong Li
- Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.
- Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.
| | - Puhua Zeng
- Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.
- Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.
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204
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Kayode OT, Afolabi OA, Ajayi GO. Antioxidant and antilipidemic action of ketogenic diet and tomato powder mix in high sugar and fat fed Harwich fruit flies. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20411. [PMID: 37810861 PMCID: PMC10556596 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the role of oxidative stress in metabolic disorders which presents as a major global problem. The antioxidant properties of the tomato fruit and the ketogenic diet has likewise been established by different authors. This study uses a fruit fly model to examine the synergistic effect of a ketogenic diet and tomato powder mix on biochemical alterations induced by the High-Fat Diet (HFD) and the High-Sugar Diet (HSD). Six groups of male fruit flies consisting of fifty flies per vial were administered Normal Diet (ND), High-Fat Diet (HFD), High Sugar Diet (HSD), Ketogenic Diet (KD), Tomato Powder-mix (TP), and HSD + HFD, for ten days. Further treatment of KD and TP was administered to group six vials to constitute groups seven to nine: HSD + HFD + KD, HSD + HFD + TP, and HSD + HFD + KD + TP for another five days. Biochemical parameters of oxidative stress were analyzed in the fly homogenates using standard procedures. There were significant increases (P < 0.05) in the concentration of malondialdehyde, total cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, Triglycerides, atherogenic index, nitric oxide, total weight gained, and a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in levels of catalase and HDL-Cholesterol in flies treated with HF and HS diets. Further administration of KD and TP to the flies for five days reversed most of the parameters to near control values. The KD diet combination with TP however gave the best ameliorative changes. The dietary model may therefore be effective as adjuvant therapy for the management of metabolic disorders developed and made progressive by oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omowumi T. Kayode
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Mountain Top University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Olatayo A. Afolabi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Mountain Top University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Gabriel O. Ajayi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Mountain Top University, Ogun State, Nigeria
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205
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Yin S, Huang H, Sun P, Zhang D. Analysis of prognostic factors for vocal fold leukoplakia based on 344 cases at a two-year follow up. J Laryngol Otol 2023; 137:1170-1175. [PMID: 37194075 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215123000762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate risk factors for poor prognosis in vocal fold leukoplakia. METHODS Clinical data were collected for 344 patients with vocal fold leukoplakia who received surgical treatment in our otolaryngology department from October 2010 to June 2019. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of the relevant factors were conducted. RESULTS Among the 344 patients, 98 exhibited recurrence and 30 underwent a malignant change. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that size of the lesion (p = 0.03, odds ratio = 2.14), form of the lesion under white light (p < 0.001), surgical method (p < 0.001, odds ratio = 0.28) and pathological type (p < 0.001) were independent factors that affected the recurrence of vocal fold leukoplakia. In both univariate and multivariate analyses, the sole independent risk factor for malignant transformation of vocal fold leukoplakia was pathological type (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The outlook for vocal fold leukoplakia depends on several clinical factors, especially pathological type. The more severe the pathological type, the more likely it is to recur or become cancerous.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yin
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - H Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - P Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Head and Neck, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - D Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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206
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Jahankhani K, Ahangari F, Adcock IM, Mortaz E. Possible cancer-causing capacity of COVID-19: Is SARS-CoV-2 an oncogenic agent? Biochimie 2023; 213:130-138. [PMID: 37230238 PMCID: PMC10202899 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has shown diverse life-threatening effects, most of which are considered short-term. In addition to its short-term effects, which has claimed many millions of lives since 2019, the long-term complications of this virus are still under investigation. Similar to many oncogenic viruses, it has been hypothesized that SARS-CoV-2 employs various strategies to cause cancer in different organs. These include leveraging the renin angiotensin system, altering tumor suppressing pathways by means of its nonstructural proteins, and triggering inflammatory cascades by enhancing cytokine production in the form of a "cytokine storm" paving the way for the emergence of cancer stem cells in target organs. Since infection with SARS-CoV-2 occurs in several organs either directly or indirectly, it is expected that cancer stem cells may develop in multiple organs. Thus, we have reviewed the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the vulnerability and susceptibility of specific organs to cancer development. It is important to note that the cancer-related effects of SARS-CoV-2 proposed in this article are based on the ability of the virus and its proteins to cause cancer but that the long-term consequences of this infection will only be illustrated in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Jahankhani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ahangari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airways Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Immune Health Program at Hunter Medical Research Institute and the College of Health and Medicine at the University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Esmaeil Mortaz
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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207
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Zhu M, Zhang N, Ma J. Hierarchical clustering identifies oxidative stress-related subgroups for the prediction of prognosis and immune microenvironment in gastric cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20804. [PMID: 37928388 PMCID: PMC10622623 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignancy of the digestive tract globally, demonstrating a substantial occurrence of relapse and metastasis, alongside the absence of efficacious treatment. Tumor progression and the development of cancer are linked to oxidative stress. Our objective was twofold: first, to determine distinct subcategories based on oxidative stress in GC patients, and second, to establish oxidative stress-related genes that would aid in stratifying the risk for GC patients. Methods TCGA-STAD and GSE84437 datasets were utilized to obtain the mRNA expression profiles and corresponding clinical information of GC patients. Through consensus clustering analysis, distinct subgroups related to oxidative stress were identified. To uncover the underlying mechanisms, GSEA and GSVA were performed. xCell, CIBERSORT, MCPCounter, and TIMER algorithms were employed to evaluate the immune microenvironment and immune status of the different GC subtypes. A prognostic risk model was developed using the TCGA-STAD dataset and substantiated using the GSE84437 dataset. Furthermore, qRT-PCR was employed to validate the expression of genes associated with prognosis. Results Two distinct subtypes of oxidative stress were discovered, with markedly different survival rates. The C1 subtype demonstrated an activated immune signal pathway, a significant presence of immune cell infiltration, high immune score, and a high microenvironment score, indicating a poor prognosis. Moreover, a prognostic signature related to oxidative stress (IMPACT and PXDN) was able to accurately estimate the likelihood of survival for patients with gastric cancer. A nomogram incorporating the patients' gender, age, and risk score was able to predict survival in gastric cancer patients. Additionally, the expression of IMPACT and PXDN showed a strong correlation with overall survival and the infiltration of immune cells. Conclusion Based on signatures related to oxidative stress, we developed an innovative system for categorizing patients with GC. This stratification enables accurate prognostication of individuals with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhu
- College of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of pathology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- The second department of tumor surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750004, China
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208
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Tang SW, Helmeste DM, Leonard BE. COVID-19 as a polymorphic inflammatory spectrum of diseases: a review with focus on the brain. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2023; 35:248-269. [PMID: 36861428 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2023.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
There appear to be huge variations and aberrations in the reported data in COVID-19 2 years now into the pandemic. Conflicting data exist at almost every level and also in the reported epidemiological statistics across different regions. It is becoming clear that COVID-19 is a polymorphic inflammatory spectrum of diseases, and there is a wide range of inflammation-related pathology and symptoms in those infected with the virus. The host's inflammatory response to COVID-19 appears to be determined by genetics, age, immune status, health status and stage of disease. The interplay of these factors may decide the magnitude, duration, types of pathology, symptoms and prognosis in the spectrum of COVID-19 disorders, and whether neuropsychiatric disorders continue to be significant. Early and successful management of inflammation reduces morbidity and mortality in all stages of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Wa Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute of Brain Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daiga Maret Helmeste
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute of Brain Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brian E Leonard
- Institute of Brain Medicine, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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209
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Michel-Vázquez AD, Luna-Alcala S, Guerra EC, Proaño-Bernal L, Cabello-Ganem A, Aparicio-Ortiz AD, Espinola-Zavaleta N. Routinary PET/CT imaging for oncological surveillance accompanied by echocardiography may identify early atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: A case report. Echocardiography 2023; 40:1117-1121. [PMID: 37519285 DOI: 10.1111/echo.15661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a disease where plaque builds up in arteries, resulting in harmful cardiovascular events. Inflammation has a significant role in its progression, starting from the initial stages. Cancer patients, due to their constant exposure to inflammatory processes caused by treatments or illnesses, are at a higher risk of developing this condition. Arterial inflammation can be quantified with 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging. In this case report, we propose that routinary PET/CT imaging for oncological surveillance could be useful for cardiovascular risk stratification by reviewing a case of a patient with breast cancer whose imaging study revealed arterial inflammation and a subsequent echocardiogram evidenced grade II diastolic dysfunction (potentially, an initial manifestation of the ischemic cascade).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santiago Luna-Alcala
- Department of Nuclear Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chavez, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Enrique C Guerra
- Department of Nuclear Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chavez, Mexico, Mexico
- School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Proaño-Bernal
- Department of Nuclear Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chavez, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Aldo Cabello-Ganem
- Department of Nuclear Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chavez, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Alexis D Aparicio-Ortiz
- Department of Nuclear Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chavez, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Nilda Espinola-Zavaleta
- Department of Nuclear Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chavez, Mexico, Mexico
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210
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Abdel-Hafiz HA, Kailasam Mani SK, Huang W, Gouin KH, Chang Y, Xiao T, Ma Q, Li Z, Knott SR, Theodorescu D. Single-cell profiling of murine bladder cancer identifies sex-specific transcriptional signatures with prognostic relevance. iScience 2023; 26:107703. [PMID: 37701814 PMCID: PMC10494466 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is more common in men but more aggressive in women. Sex-based differences in cancer biology are commonly studied using a murine model with BLCA generated by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN). While tumors in the BBN model have been profiled, these profiles provide limited information on the tumor microenvironment. Here, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize cell-type specific transcriptional differences between male and female BBN-induced tumors. We found proportional and gene expression differences in epithelial and non-epithelial subpopulations between male and female tumors. Expression of several genes predicted sex-specific survival in several human BLCA datasets. We identified novel and clinically relevant sex-specific transcriptional signatures including immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and it validated the relevance of the BBN model for studying sex differences in human BLCA. This work highlights the importance of considering sex as a biological variable in the development of new and accurate cancer markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany A. Abdel-Hafiz
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Wesley Huang
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth H. Gouin
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yuzhou Chang
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – The James, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tong Xiao
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – The James, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – The James, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – The James, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Simon R.V. Knott
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dan Theodorescu
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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211
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Younis MK, Khalil IA, Younis NS, Fakhr Eldeen RR, Abdelnaby RM, Aldeeb RA, Taha AA, Hassan DH. Aceclofenac/Citronellol Oil Nanoemulsion Repurposing Study: Formulation, In Vitro Characterization, and In Silico Evaluation of Their Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Activity against Melanoma Cell Line. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2531. [PMID: 37760972 PMCID: PMC10525854 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aceclofenac (ACF) is a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) known for its effectiveness in treating pain and inflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated that ACF possesses antiproliferative properties, inhibiting the growth of cancer cells in various cancer cell lines. Citronellol, a monoterpenoid alcohol found in essential oils, exhibits antioxidant properties and activities such as inhibiting cell growth and acetylcholinesterase inhibition. In this study, the objective was to formulate and evaluate an aceclofenac/citronellol oil nanoemulsion for its antiproliferative effects on melanoma. The optimal concentrations of citronellol oil, Tween 80, and Transcutol HP were determined using a pseudoternary phase diagram. The formulated nanoemulsions were characterized for droplet size, zeta potential, thermophysical stability, and in vitro release. The selected formula (F1) consisted of citronellol oil (1 gm%), Tween 80 (4 gm%), and Transcutol HP (1 gm%). F1 exhibited a spherical appearance with high drug content, small droplet size, and acceptable negative zeta potential. The amorphous state of the drug in the nanoemulsion was confirmed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, while FTIR analysis indicated its homogenous solubility. The nanoemulsion showed significant antiproliferative activity, with a lower IC50 value compared to aceclofenac or citronellol alone. Flow cytometric analysis revealed cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis induced by the nanoemulsion. In silico studies provided insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the observed antitumor activity. In conclusion, the developed aceclofenac/citronellol oil nanoemulsion exhibited potent cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic effects, suggesting its potential as a repurposed antiproliferative agent for melanoma treatment. In a future plan, further animal model research for validation is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona K. Younis
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12566, Egypt; (I.A.K.); (R.A.A.); (A.A.T.); (D.H.H.)
| | - Islam A. Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12566, Egypt; (I.A.K.); (R.A.A.); (A.A.T.); (D.H.H.)
| | - Nancy S. Younis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Rasha R. Fakhr Eldeen
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12566, Egypt;
| | - Rana M. Abdelnaby
- Department Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Reem A. Aldeeb
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12566, Egypt; (I.A.K.); (R.A.A.); (A.A.T.); (D.H.H.)
| | - Amal A. Taha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12566, Egypt; (I.A.K.); (R.A.A.); (A.A.T.); (D.H.H.)
| | - Doaa H. Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12566, Egypt; (I.A.K.); (R.A.A.); (A.A.T.); (D.H.H.)
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212
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Vo TP, Kristiansen MH, Hasselbalch HC, Wienecke T. Elevated white blood cell counts in ischemic stroke patients are associated with increased mortality and new vascular events. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1232557. [PMID: 37771455 PMCID: PMC10524243 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1232557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose High levels of white blood cells (WBC) in ischemic stroke have been shown to increase the risk of new vascular events and mortality in short and intermediate follow-up studies, but long-term effects remain unknown. We studied whether elevated levels of WBC in ischemic stroke patients are associated with new vascular events and mortality in a 10-year follow-up period. Methods We included ischemic stroke patients hospitalized between 2011 and 2012, categorizing their WBC counts within 48 h of stroke onset as high or normal (3.5-8.8 × 109 mmol/L; >8.8 × 109 mmol/L). Using Aahlen Johansen and Cox proportional hazard models with competing risk, we analyzed the association between WBC levels and new vascular events. Kaplan-Meier and standard Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the risk of all-cause mortality. Results Among 395 patients (median age 69, [IQR: 63, 78], female patients 38,0%), 38.5% had elevated WBC at admission. During the 10-year follow-up, 113 vascular events occurred, with 46% in patients with elevated WBC and 54% in patients with normal WBC. After adjusting for relevant factors, elevated WBC levels were independently associated with increased risk of new vascular events (HR: 1.61, CI: 1.09-2.39 p < 0.05) and death (HR: 1.55, CI: 1.15-2.09, p < 0.05). Conclusion Elevated WBC levels in ischemic stroke patients are linked to a higher risk of new vascular events and mortality. Thus, ischemic stroke patients with elevated WBC without clinical infection need special attention to investigate possible underlying conditions to prevent future vascular events and reduce mortality. The interpretation of our results is limited by the absence of adjustment to premorbid functional status, stroke severity, and stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Phuong Vo
- Neurology Department, Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Hans Carl Hasselbalch
- Hematology Department, Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Troels Wienecke
- Neurology Department, Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
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213
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Gulmez A, Coskun H, Koseci T, Ata S, Bozkurt B, Cil T. Effect of Microsatellite Status and Pan-Immune-Inflammation Score on Pathological Response in Patients with Clinical Stage III Stomach Cancer Treated with Perioperative Chemotherapy. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1625. [PMID: 37763744 PMCID: PMC10537642 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective: This study evaluated the relationship between microsatellite status (MSI) and pan-immune-inflammation score (PIV) in tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with clinical stage III gastric cancer (cStage III GC). Materials and Methods: Microsatellite instability (MSI) status was evaluated based on pathology preparations. Pan-immune-inflammation score (PIV) was obtained from pre-treatment blood tests. The relationship of both parameters with pathological complete response (pCR) was evaluated. Results: A total of 104 patients were included in this study. All the patients were stage III GC patients receiving perioperative treatment. There were 13 patients in total who achieved a pCR response. While CNS was detected in 11 of the patients who achieved a pCR, the MSI status of the other two patients was unknown. No pCR was observed in any patient with MSI-H. According to the cut-off value for PIV, 25 (24%) patients were in the PIV-low (≤53.9) group, while 79 (76%) were in the PIV-high (>53.9) group. Based on univariate analysis, a higher PIV was associated with worse outcomes for pathological response, disease recurrence, and survival (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In patients with clinically stage III GC, the presence of MSI-H may predict no benefit from perioperative treatment. Conversely, a pre-treatment PIV score using specific cut-off values may provide a positive prediction of pathological response and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Gulmez
- Medical Oncology Department, Kisla Campus, Adana Baskent University, Adana 01120, Turkey
| | | | - Tolga Koseci
- Medical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana 01380, Turkey
| | - Serdar Ata
- Adana State Hospital, Adana 01150, Turkey
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214
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Erb C, Reinehr S, Theiss C, Dick HB, Joachim SC. HSP27 induced glaucomatous damage in mice of young and advanced age. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1257297. [PMID: 37744880 PMCID: PMC10513106 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1257297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Age-related diseases such as glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness, are having an upward trend due to an aging society. In glaucoma, some patients display altered antibody profiles and increased antibody titers, for example against heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). An intravitreal injection of HSP27 leads to glaucoma-like damage in rats. We now aimed to investigate if aged mice are more prone to this damage than younger ones. Methods We intravitreally injected HSP27 into young (1-2 months) and aged (7-8 months) mice to compare glaucomatous damage. Respective age-matched controls received PBS. Not injected eyes served as naive controls. Results Optical coherence tomography 4 weeks after injection showed no changes in retinal thickness in all groups at both ages. Cell counts and RT-qPCR revealed a significant reduction in RGC numbers in HSP27 mice at both ages. Comparing aged and young HSP27 mice, no differences in Rbpms and Pou4f1 (RGCs) expression was detected, while the Tubb3 expression (neuronal cells) was significantly upregulated in aged HSP27 animals. Neither microglia/macrophages nor (resident) microglia counts revealed significant differences in HSP27 mice at both ages. Nevertheless, increased relative Iba1 and Tmem119 expression was detected in young and aged HSP27 mice. Aged HSP27 mice displayed a significantly lower Iba1 expression than young ones, whereas Cd68 levels were upregulated. A larger GFAP+ area and an upregulation of GFAP expression in HSP27 animals of both ages indicated a macrogliosis. Also, elevated Il1b and Nos2 expression levels were observed in young and aged HSP27 mice. However, only Il1b levels were upregulated when comparing 7-8 months to 1-2 months old animals. A larger HSP25+ area was seen in aged HSP27 animals, while Hspb2 expression levels were downregulated in both HSP27 groups. The aged HSP27 group displayed an upregulated Hspb2 expression compared to young mice. Furthermore, a higher optic nerve degeneration score was noted in young and aged HSP27 groups. Discussion These findings indicate that an intravitreal injection of HSP27 led to RGC loss accompanied by inflammation. Age-dependent effects (7-8 months vs. 1-2 months) were not very prominent. The results suggest a potential role of extracellular HSP27 in the development of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clivia Erb
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sabrina Reinehr
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Carsten Theiss
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Cytology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - H. Burkhard Dick
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephanie C. Joachim
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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215
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Zhang T, Liu W, Xu C. Correlation analysis of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, platelet score and platelet to albumin ratio and prognosis in patients with lung adenosquamous carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1166802. [PMID: 37746281 PMCID: PMC10514357 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1166802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes, platelet (HALP) score and platelet to albumin ratio (PAR) on prognosis of patients with lung adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) after surgery. Patients and methods A total of 52 patients diagnosed with ASC after surgical resection were collected from Nanjing Chest Hospital from 2012 to 2021, and their general clinical data, pathological data and laboratory indexes were collected. The changes of Alb and Plt levels before and after surgery, HALP scores (hemoglobin albumin lymphocytes/platelets), and postoperative PAR, PLR, NLR were retrospectively analyzed, and their influence on the prognosis of patients with ASC was investigated. The cut-off value of △Alb, △Plt, postoperative PAR, PLR and NLR were determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the optimal cut-off value of HALP score before and after surgery was calculated by using X-tile software, and the clinicopathological characteristics were compared between the high PAR and low PAR groups and between high HALP score and low HALP score group to analyze the factors influencing the prognosis of patients with ASC. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional regression analyses were used to assess independent risk factors affecting overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with ASC. Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the correlation between OS, DFS and PAR and HALP score. Results A critical value of PAR was 7.40×10^9 and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.737 (95%CI: 0.597-0.876, P = 0.004). The best cut-off value of the preoperative HALP score was 24.3. Univariate Cox analysis showed that the cut margin (P = 0.013), the degree of differentiation (P = 0.021), N stage (P = 0.049), △Plt (P = 0.010), △Alb (P = 0.016), PAR (P = 0.003), NLR (P = 0.025), PLR (P = 0.029), preoperative HALP score (P = 0.000) and post-operative HALP score (P = 0.010) were all associated with postoperative OS in ASC patients. Cut margin (P = 0.029), the degree of differentiation (P = 0.045), maximum tumor diameter (P = 0.018), N stage (P = 0.035), △Plt (P = 0.007), △Alb (P = 0.007), PAR (P = 0.004), NLR (P = 0.041), PLR (P = 0.030), preoperative HALP score (P = 0.000), and postoperative HALP score (P = 0.011) were related to postoperative DFS in ASC patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that PAR (HR: 6.877, 95%CI: 1.817-26.038, P = 0.005), differentiation degree (HR: 0.059, 95%CI: 0.006-0.591, P = 0.016) and preoperative HALP score (HR: 0.224, 95%CI: 0.068-0.733, P = 0.013) had significant effect on OS. Tumor maximum diameter (HR: 3.442, 95%CI: 1.148-10.318, P = 0.027) and preoperative HALP score (HR: 0.268, 95%CI: 0.085-0.847, P = 0.025) had significant influence on DFS. Conclusion PAR and preoperative HALP score were potentially useful biomarkers for evaluating the outcome of patients with postoperative ASC. PAR, the degree of differentiation and preoperative HALP score were independent prognostic factors for postoperative OS in ASC patients. Maximum tumor diameter and preoperative HALP score were independent prognostic factors for postoperative DFS in ASC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunhua Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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216
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Vijayalakshmi KR, Jain V. Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of depth of invasion in tongue carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2023; 14:341-353. [PMID: 38273911 PMCID: PMC10806321 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_174_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Tongue carcinoma constitutes 10.4-46.9% of all oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and is notoriously known for invading tissues deeper than the evident gross margins. The deeper the tumor invades, the higher are its chances of future morbidity and mortality due to extensive neck dissection and risk of recurrence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive diagnostic aid used for measuring a preoperative tumor's depth of invasion (DOI) as it can efficiently outline soft tissue tumors from adjacent normal tissue. To assess various MRI modalities used in measuring DOI in tongue carcinoma and their reliability compared with other DOI measuring modalities. The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42022330866), and the following Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) Diagnostic Test Accuracy guidelines were performed. PubMed electronic database was searched using a combination of keywords for relevant articles in the English language since 2016. Critical appraisal was carried out using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-Comparative (QUADAS-C) risk-of-bias (RoB) assessment tool. A weighted mean difference (WMD) was calculated between MRI and histopathological DOI along with pooled correlation and subgroup analysis, where possible. A total of 795 records were retrieved of which 17 were included in the final review with 13 included for meta-analysis. A high RoB was found for most studies for all parameters except flow and timing. WMD showed a statistically significant MRI overestimation of 1.90 mm compared with histopathology. Subgroup analysis showed the 1.5 Tesla machine to be superior to the 3.0 Tesla machine, while imaging sequence subgroup analysis could not be performed. MRI is a viable preoperative DOI measurement modality that can help in efficient treatment planning to decrease surgical morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanshika Jain
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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217
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Zou Y, Zhang M, Zhou J. Recent trends in STING modulators: Structures, mechanisms, and therapeutic potential. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103694. [PMID: 37393985 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase stimulator (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon gene (STING) signaling pathway has an integral role in the host immune response through DNA sensing followed by inducing a robust innate immune defense program. STING has become a promising therapeutic target associated with multiple diseases, including various inflammatory diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases, among others. Thus, modulators of STING are regarded as emerging therapeutic agents. Recent progress has been made in STING research, including recently identified STING-mediated regulatory pathways, the development of a new STING modulator, and the new association of STING with disease. In this review, we focus on recent trends in the development of STING modulators, including structures, mechanisms, and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China; Drug Development and Innovation Center, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China; Drug Development and Innovation Center, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jinming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China; Drug Development and Innovation Center, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China.
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218
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Abdullahi A, Wong TWL, Ng SSM. Putative role of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation in cancer pathology and immunotherapy: Can this be a hidden treasure, especially for the elderly? Cancer Med 2023; 12:19081-19090. [PMID: 37587897 PMCID: PMC10557911 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is globally a disease of significant public health concern owing to its prevalence, and association with morbidity and mortality. Thus, cost-effective treatments for cancer are important to help reduce its significant morbidity and mortality. However, the current therapeutic options for cancer such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery may produce serious adverse events such as nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and peripheral neuropathy, especially in the long term. In addition, these therapeutic options may not be well tolerated by the elderly especially those who are frail. The current article is aimed at discussing an alternative therapeutic option, non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and the roles it plays in cancer pathology and immunotherapy. The VNS does this by reducing oxidative stress via silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1); inhibiting inflammation via both hypothalamic-pituitary-axis (HPA) and the release of corticosteroid from the adrenal gland, and cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), and increasing vagal activity which helps in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism, and increase chance of survival. Furthermore, it helps with reducing complications due to cancer or its treatments such as postoperative ileus and severity of peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapy, and improves cancer-related fatigue, lymphopenia, and quality of life. These suggest that the importance of non-invasive VNS in cancer pathology and immunotherapy cannot be overemphasized. Therefore, considering the safety of non-invasive VNS and its cost-effectiveness, it is a therapeutic option worth trying for these patients, especially in combination with other therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auwal Abdullahi
- Department of Rehabilitation SciencesThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina
| | - Thomson W. L. Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation SciencesThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina
| | - Shamay S. M. Ng
- Department of Rehabilitation SciencesThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina
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219
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Zhang W, Tao N, Bai L. Polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes prevent acquired drug resistance to docetaxel in prostate cancer cells by decreasing the TGF-β1 secretion of cancer-associated fibroblasts. J Nat Med 2023; 77:817-828. [PMID: 37354258 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01722-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent lethal diseases among men globally. In the treatment of prostate cancer, the limited therapeutic efficacy of the standard non-hormonal systemic therapy docetaxel (DTX) represents an important challenge. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in resistance to therapy because of their prevalence and functional pleiotropy in tumor environments. Our previous research revealed that MPSSS, a novel polysaccharide extracted from Lentinus edodes, could significantly attenuate the immunosuppressive function of myeloid suppressor cells and CAFs. In this study, we investigated whether MPSSS could potentiate the efficacy of DTX against prostate cancer by inhibiting CAF-induced chemoresistance and elucidated its underlying mechanisms. The sensitivity of PC-3 prostate cancer cells cultured with conditioned medium derived from CAFs (CAF-CM) to DTX was assessed. The resistance effect induced by CAF-CM was abolished when CAFs were pretreated with MPSSS. Bioinformatic analysis of datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database revealed the activation of the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) signaling pathway in DTX-resistant cells. Based on this finding, we demonstrated that treatment with the TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor SB525334 reversed DTX resistance in CAFs, suggesting that TGF-β1 secreted by CAFs was a crucial intermediary in the development of DTX resistance in PC3 cells. Further research revealed that MPSSS decreases the secretion of TGF-β1 by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway via Toll-like receptor 4 in CAFs. Overall, MPSSS might be a potential adjuvant treatment for DTX resistance in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensheng Zhang
- Chinese PLA medical school, Beijing, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Tao
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Li Bai
- Chinese PLA medical school, Beijing, China.
- Department of Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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220
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Feitelson MA, Arzumanyan A, Medhat A, Spector I. Short-chain fatty acids in cancer pathogenesis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:677-698. [PMID: 37432606 PMCID: PMC10584782 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10117-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a multi-step process that can be viewed as a cellular and immunological shift away from homeostasis in response to selected infectious agents, mutations, diet, and environmental carcinogens. Homeostasis, which contributes importantly to the definition of "health," is maintained, in part by the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are metabolites of specific gut bacteria. Alteration in the composition of gut bacteria, or dysbiosis, is often a major risk factor for some two dozen tumor types. Dysbiosis is often characterized by diminished levels of SCFAs in the stool, and the presence of a "leaky gut," permitting the penetration of microbes and microbial derived molecules (e.g., lipopolysaccharides) through the gut wall, thereby triggering chronic inflammation. SCFAs attenuate inflammation by inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor kappa B, by decreasing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, by stimulating the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor beta, and by promoting the differentiation of naïve T cells into T regulatory cells, which down-regulate immune responses by immunomodulation. SCFA function epigenetically by inhibiting selected histone acetyltransferases that alter the expression of multiple genes and the activity of many signaling pathways (e.g., Wnt, Hedgehog, Hippo, and Notch) that contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer. SCFAs block cancer stem cell proliferation, thereby potentially delaying or inhibiting cancer development or relapse by targeting genes and pathways that are mutated in tumors (e.g., epidermal growth factor receptor, hepatocyte growth factor, and MET) and by promoting the expression of tumor suppressors (e.g., by up-regulating PTEN and p53). When administered properly, SCFAs have many advantages compared to probiotic bacteria and fecal transplants. In carcinogenesis, SCFAs are toxic against tumor cells but not to surrounding tissue due to differences in their metabolic fate. Multiple hallmarks of cancer are also targets of SCFAs. These data suggest that SCFAs may re-establish homeostasis without overt toxicity and either delay or prevent the development of various tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Arvin Medhat
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Islamic Azad University Tehran North Branch, Tehran, 1975933411, Iran
| | - Ira Spector
- SFA Therapeutics, Jenkintown, PA, 19046, USA
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Spallarossa A, Rapetti F, Signorello MG, Rosano C, Iervasi E, Ponassi M, Brullo C. Insights into the Pharmacological Activity of the Imidazo-Pyrazole Scaffold. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300252. [PMID: 37366115 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, we synthesized different imidazo-pyrazoles 1 and 2 with interesting anticancer, anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities. To further extend the structure-activity relationships of imidazo-pyrazole scaffold and to identify novel antiproliferative/anti-inflammatory agents potentially active with multi-target mechanisms, a library of compounds 3-5 has been designed and synthesized. The chemical modifications characterizing the novel derivatives include: i) decoration of the catechol ring with groups with different electronic, steric and lipophilic properties (compounds 3); ii) insertion of a methyl group on C-6 of imidazo-pyrazole scaffold (compounds 4); iii) shift of the acylhydrazonic substituent from position 7 to 6 of the imidazo-pyrazole substructure (compounds 5). All synthesized compounds were tested against a panel of cancer and normal cell lines. Derivatives 3 a, 3 e, 4 c, 5 g and 5 h showed IC50 values in the low micromolar range against selected tumor cell lines and proved to have antioxidant properties, being able to inhibit ROS production in human platelet. In silico calculation predicted favourable drug-like and pharmacokinetic properties for the most promising compounds. Furthermore, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations suggested the ability of most active derivative 3 e to interact with colchicine binding site in the polymeric tubulin α/tubulin β/stathmin4 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Spallarossa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Rapetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Camillo Rosano
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Unit Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, L.go. R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Erika Iervasi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Unit Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, L.go. R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Ponassi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Unit Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, L.go. R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Brullo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132, Genova, Italy
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Peng X, Shi Y, Zhang B, Xu C, Lang J. Establishment of nucleic acid sensing pathways-based model in predicting response to immunotherapy and targeted drug in hepatitis virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29084. [PMID: 37721443 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 80% of liver cancers, while 70%-80% of HCC developed from chronic liver disease with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection as the major etiology. Immunotherapy is assuming a role as a pillar of HCC treatment, but the remarkable immune-mediated responses are restricted in a minority of patients. Nucleic acid sensing (NAS) pathways are the central pathway of the innate immune system and antiviral immune response to viral infection, but their role in hepatitis virus-related HCC remains undetermined. In our study, we performed a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis based on transcriptomic data of hepatitis virus related-HCC tissues collected from multiple public data sets. Two subgroups were validated based on NAS-related genes in virus-related HCC patients, which were defined as NAS-activated subgroups and NAS-suppressed subgroups based on the expression of NAS-related genes. On this basis, a NAS-related risk score (NASRS) predictive model was established for risk stratification and prognosis prediction in the hepatitis virus-related HCC (TCGA-LIHC and ICGC cohorts). The predictive values of the NASRS in prognosis and immunotherapy were also verified in multiple data sets. A nomogram was also established to facilitate the clinical use of NASRS and demonstrate its effectiveness through different approaches. Additionally, six potential drugs binding to the core target of the NAS signature were predicted via molecular docking strategy. We subsequently evaluated the cytotoxic capabilities of potential drug in vitro and in vivo. Based on these results, we conclude that the NASRS model could serve as a power prognostic biomarker and predict responses to immunotherapy, which is meaningful in clinical decision-making of hepatitis virus-related HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Peng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oncology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Biqin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuan Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oncology & Cancer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinyi Lang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Razmkhah F, Kim S, Lim S, Dania AJ, Choi J. S100A8 and S100A9 in Hematologic Malignancies: From Development to Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13382. [PMID: 37686186 PMCID: PMC10488294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
S100A8 and S100A9 are multifunctional proteins that can initiate various signaling pathways and modulate cell function both inside and outside immune cells, depending on their receptors, mediators, and molecular environment. They have been reported as dysregulated genes and proteins in a wide range of cancers, including hematologic malignancies, from diagnosis to response to therapy. The role of S100A8 and S100A9 in hematologic malignancies is highlighted due to their ability to work together or as antagonists to modify cell phenotype, including viability, differentiation, chemosensitivity, trafficking, and transcription strategies, which can lead to an oncogenic phase or reduced symptoms. In this review article, we discuss the critical roles of S100A8, S100A9, and calprotectin (heterodimer or heterotetramer forms of S100A8 and S100A9) in forming and promoting the malignant bone marrow microenvironment. We also focus on their potential roles as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in various stages of hematologic malignancies from diagnosis to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jaebok Choi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (F.R.); (S.K.); (S.L.); (A.-J.D.)
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Liu HL, Feng X, Tang MM, Zhou HY, Peng H, Ge J, Liu T. Prognostic significance of preoperative lymphocyte to monocyte ratio in patients with signet ring gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:1673-1683. [PMID: 37701703 PMCID: PMC10494583 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i8.1673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ratio of lymphocytes to monocytes (LMR) has been shown to be an effective predictor of gastric cancer prognosis. However, its predictive accuracy for signet ring gastric cancer is currently not well understood. AIM To evaluate the prognosis predictive accuracy of preoperative LMR in signet ring gastric cancer. METHODS A total of 212 signet ring gastric cancer patients admitted at the Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, from January 2012 to December 2016 were enrolled in the study. The prognosis predictive accuracy of preoperative LMR was explored based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic. Factors that significantly affect the survival of patients were identified using single factor analysis, and those that were independently associated with signet ring gastric cancer were identified through multivariate analysis. RESULTS The results of the single factor analysis revealed a strong correlation between the survival of signet ring gastric cancer patients and several factors, including tumor invasion (χ2 = 49.726; P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (χ2 = 30.269; P < 0.001), pTNM stage (χ2 = 49.322; P < 0.001), surgical approach (χ2 = 8.489; P = 0.004), age (t = -2.213; P < 0.028), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (Z = -3.265; P = 0.001), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (Z = -2.196; P = 0.028), LMR (Z = -2.226; P = 0.026), ALB (t = 3.284; P = 0.001), prognostic nutritional index (t = -3.789; P < 0.001) and FIB (Z = -3.065; P = 0.002). Furthermore, the multivariate analysis further demonstrated that age (HR: 0.563, 95%CI: 0.363-0.873), tumor invasion depth (HR: 0.226, 95%CI: 0.098-0.520), pTNM stage (HR: 0.444, 95%CI: 0.255-0.771), preoperative CEA level (HR: 0.597, 95%CI: 0.386-8.790), and preoperative LMR level (HR: 1.776, 95%CI: 1.150-2.741) were independent factors influencing the prognosis of signet ring gastric cancer. CONCLUSION In signet ring gastric cancer patients, a low preoperative LMR level predicts poor prognosis. The death risk ratio of the low LMR group compared to the high LMR group is 1.776.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Li Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
- The Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiang Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Mi-Mi Tang
- Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hai-Yan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Huan Peng
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jie Ge
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
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Sarfraz M, Khan A, Batiha GES, Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Ajiboye BO, Kamal M, Ali A, Alotaibi NM, Aaghaz S, Siddique MI, Imran M. Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Approaches of Mangiferin: Promises, Reality and Challenges in Cancer Chemotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4194. [PMID: 37627222 PMCID: PMC10453289 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin (MGF), a xanthone derived from Mangifera indica L., initially employed as a nutraceutical, is now being explored extensively for its anticancer potential. Scientists across the globe have explored this bioactive for managing a variety of cancers using validated in vitro and in vivo models. The in vitro anticancer potential of this biomolecule on well-established breast cancer cell lines such as MDA-MB-23, BEAS-2B cells and MCF-7 is closer to many approved synthetic anticancer agents. However, the solubility and bioavailability of this xanthone are the main challenges, and its oral bioavailability is reported to be less than 2%, and its aqueous solubility is also 0.111 mg/mL. Nano-drug delivery systems have attempted to deliver the drugs at the desired site at a desired rate in desired amounts. Many researchers have explored various nanotechnology-based approaches to provide effective and safe delivery of mangiferin for cancer therapy. Nanoparticles were used as carriers to encapsulate mangiferin, protecting it from degradation and facilitating its delivery to cancer cells. They have attempted to enhance the bioavailability, safety and efficacy of this very bioactive using drug delivery approaches. The present review focuses on the origin and structure elucidation of mangiferin and its derivatives and the benefits of this bioactive. The review also offers insight into the delivery-related challenges of mangiferin and its applications in nanosized forms against cancer. The use of a relatively new deep-learning approach to solve the pharmacokinetic issues of this bioactive has also been discussed. The review also critically analyzes the future hope for mangiferin as a therapeutic agent for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sarfraz
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abida Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye 371104, Ekiti State, Nigeria;
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abuzer Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf M. Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shams Aaghaz
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical & Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 203201, India
| | - Muhammad Irfan Siddique
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia;
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González-Martín AM, Aguilera-García I, Castellote-Caballero Y, Rivas-Campo Y, Bernal-Suárez A, Aibar-Almazán A. Effectiveness of Therapeutic Education in Patients with Cancer Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4123. [PMID: 37627151 PMCID: PMC10452673 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Objective: To review the existing evidence on pain education in patients with pain derived from an oncological process. (2) Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the databases Pubmed, Web of Science, PEDro, and Scopus. The selected studies had to incorporate instruction about the neurophysiology of pain into their educational program. The target population was cancer patients who had suffered pain for at least one month. The methodological quality of the articles collected was assessed using the PEDro scale. (3) Results: Some 698 studies were initially identified, of which 12 were included in this review. Four different models of pain education programs were found in the studies' interventions. Pain intensity, pain experience, quality of life, pain tolerance, and catastrophism were the variables that appeared most frequently. (4) Conclusions: This review demonstrates that pain education in patients with cancer pain may produce effects such as decreased pain intensity and catastrophism. Knowledge about pain also seems to increase. However, no benefit was reported for patients' overall quality of life. Therefore, more research is needed to clarify the effects of these interventions on the oncology population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María González-Martín
- Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Department of Psychology, Higher Education Center for Teaching and Educational Research, Plaza de San Martín 4, 28013 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Aguilera-García
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | | | - Yulieth Rivas-Campo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of San Buenaventura-Cali, Santiago de Cali 760016, Colombia
| | - Antonio Bernal-Suárez
- Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Agustín Aibar-Almazán
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
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227
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Gao Z, Zhang Q, Chen H, Chen J, Kang J, Yu H, Song Y, Zhang X. TNFR2 promotes pancreatic cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion via the NF-κB signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:8013-8025. [PMID: 37589506 PMCID: PMC10497022 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignant disease with low overall survival; chemotherapy and immunotherapy have limited efficacy. Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2), a type II transmembrane protein, contributes to the development and progression of several tumors. In this study, we elucidated the effect and molecular mechanisms of TNFR2. METHOD We used The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Genotype-Tissue Expression database to compare the expression of the TNFR2 gene between normal and malignant pancreatic tissue. Using immunohistochemical staining, we divided the patients into high and low-expression groups, then investigated clinicopathologic data and survival curves of pancreatic cancer patients. We measured TNFR2 protein expression in PANC-1 and ASPC-1 pancreatic cancer cells subjected to TNFR2 small interfering RNA or negative control treatment. We performed proliferation, invasion, and migration assays to study the biological effects of TNFR2 in PDAC. The molecular mechanisms were validated using western blotting. RESULTS TNFR2 was more highly expressed in PDAC cells and tissues than controls. Abundant expression of TNFR2 was associated with aggressive clinicopathologic characteristics and poor outcomes. Overexpression of TNFR2 promoted PDAC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Mechanistically, TNFR2 binds to TNF-α and activates the NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSION TNFR2 is a prognostic marker that facilitates the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PDAC via the NF-κB signaling pathway. TNFR2 may become a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetian Gao
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, China
| | - Qiubo Zhang
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, China
| | - Hang Chen
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Ningbo Clinical Pathology Diagnosis Center, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jingyu Kang
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yufei Song
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, China
| | - Xie Zhang
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, China
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Torres W, Pérez JL, Díaz MP, D’Marco L, Checa-Ros A, Carrasquero R, Angarita L, Gómez Y, Chacín M, Ramírez P, Villasmil N, Durán-Agüero S, Cano C, Bermúdez V. The Role of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Inflammation-Induced Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12623. [PMID: 37628804 PMCID: PMC10454572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a process involving cell mutation, increased proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Over the years, this condition has represented one of the most concerning health problems worldwide due to its significant morbidity and mortality. At present, the incidence of cancer continues to grow exponentially. Thus, it is imperative to open new avenues in cancer research to understand the molecular changes driving DNA transformation, cell-to-cell interaction derangements, and immune system surveillance decay. In this regard, evidence supports the relationship between chronic inflammation and cancer. In light of this, a group of bioactive lipids derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may have a position as novel anti-inflammatory molecules known as the specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), a group of pro-resolutive inflammation agents that could improve the anti-tumor immunity. These molecules have the potential role of chemopreventive and therapeutic agents for various cancer types, and their effects have been documented in the scientific literature. Thus, this review objective centers around understanding the effect of SPMs on carcinogenesis and their potential therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wheeler Torres
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - José Luis Pérez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - María P. Díaz
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Luis D’Marco
- Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Cardiorrenales y Metabólicas, Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Checa-Ros
- Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Cardiorrenales y Metabólicas, Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rubén Carrasquero
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Lissé Angarita
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Concepción 4260000, Chile
| | - Yosselin Gómez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080022, Colombia
| | - Paola Ramírez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Nelson Villasmil
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Samuel Durán-Agüero
- Facultad de Ciencias Para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Los Leones 8420524, Chile
| | - Clímaco Cano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080022, Colombia
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Wang SS, Zhu XX, Wu XY, Zhang WW, Ding YD, Jin SW, Zhang PH. Interaction Between Blood Vasculatures and Lymphatic Vasculatures During Inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:3271-3281. [PMID: 37560514 PMCID: PMC10408656 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s414891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiological activity cannot be regulated without the blood and lymphatic vasculatures, which play complementary roles in maintaining the body's homeostasis and immune responses. Inflammation is the body's initial response to pathological injury and is responsible for protecting the body, removing damaged tissues, and restoring and maintaining homeostasis in the body. A growing number of researches have shown that blood and lymphatic vessels play an essential role in a variety of inflammatory diseases. In the inflammatory state, the permeability of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels is altered, and angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis subsequently occur. The blood vascular and lymphatic vascular systems interact to determine the development or resolution of inflammation. In this review, we discuss the changes that occur in the blood vascular and lymphatic vascular systems of several organs during inflammation, describe the different scenarios of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis at different sites of inflammation, and demonstrate the prospect of targeting the blood vasculature and lymphatic vasculature systems to limit the development of inflammation and promote the resolution of inflammation in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Shun Wang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Xu Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yi Wu
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Wu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang-Dong Ding
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Wei Jin
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pu-Hong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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Catalano L, Aminzadeh-Gohari S, Weber DD, Poupardin R, Stefan VE, Smiles WJ, Tevini J, Feichtinger RG, Derdak S, Bilban M, Bareswill S, Heimesaat MM, Kofler B. Triple Therapy with Metformin, Ketogenic Diet, and Metronomic Cyclophosphamide Reduced Tumor Growth in MYCN-Amplified Neuroblastoma Xenografts. Metabolites 2023; 13:910. [PMID: 37623854 PMCID: PMC10456943 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a childhood cancer in which amplification of the MYCN gene is the most acknowledged marker of poor prognosis. MYCN-amplified NB cells rely on both glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for energy production. Previously, we demonstrated that a ketogenic diet (KD) combined with metronomic cyclophosphamide (CP) delayed tumor growth in MYCN-amplified NB xenografts. The anti-diabetic drug metformin (MET) also targets complex I of the OXPHOS system. Therefore, MET-induced disruptions of mitochondrial respiration may enhance the anti-tumor effect of CP when combined with a KD. In this study, we found that MET decreased cell proliferation and mitochondrial respiration in MYCN-amplified NB cell lines, while the combination of KD, MET, and low-dose CP (triple therapy) also reduced tumor growth and improved survival in vivo in MYCN-amplified NB xenografts. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that this triple therapy had the greatest effect on the transcription of genes involved in fatty acid ß-oxidation, which was supported by the increased protein expression of CPT1A, a key mitochondrial fatty acid transporter. We suspect that alterations to ß-oxidation alongside the inhibition of complex I may hamper mitochondrial energy production, thus explaining these augmented anti-tumor effects, suggesting that the combination of MET and KD is an effective adjuvant therapy to CP in MYCN-amplified NB xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Catalano
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (L.C.)
| | - Sepideh Aminzadeh-Gohari
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (L.C.)
| | - Daniela D. Weber
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (L.C.)
| | - Rodolphe Poupardin
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Cell Therapy Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Victoria E. Stefan
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (L.C.)
| | - William J. Smiles
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (L.C.)
| | - Julia Tevini
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (L.C.)
| | - René G. Feichtinger
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (L.C.)
| | - Sophia Derdak
- Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bilban
- Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Bareswill
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M. Heimesaat
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara Kofler
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (L.C.)
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Mohanta O, Ray A, Jena S, Sahoo A, Panda SS, Das PK, Nayak S, Panda PC. Mesosphaerum suaveolens Essential Oil Attenuates Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages by Regulating NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2023; 28:5817. [PMID: 37570786 PMCID: PMC10420984 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze (Syn. Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit.) is a wild essential-oil-bearing plant having multiple uses in traditional medicine, perfumery, food, agriculture, and pharmaceutical industries. The present paper is the first report on the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of the leaf essential oil of M. suaveolens (MSLEO) and unravels its molecular mechanism in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. GC-MS analysis of the essential oil (EO) isolated from the leaves by hydro-distillation led to the identification of 48 constituents, accounting for 90.55% of the total oil, and β-caryophyllene (16.17%), phyllocladene (11.85%), abietatriene (11.46%), and spathulenol (7.89%) were found to be the major components. MSLEO treatment had no effect on the viability of RAW 264.7 cells up to a concentration of 100 μg/mL, and the EO was responsible for a reduction in proinflammatory cytokines like IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, a decrease in intracellular ROS production, and the restoration of oxidative damage by elevating the levels of endogenous antioxidative enzymes like CAT, SOD, GPx, and GSH. RT-qPCR analysis indicated that MSLEO reduced the mRNA expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 as compared to the LPS-induced group. In addition, a confocal microscopy analysis showed that MSLEO inhibited the translocation of NF-κB from the cytosol to the nucleus. The results of this experiment demonstrate that MSLEO possesses significant anti-inflammatory potential by preventing the activation of NF-κB, which, in turn, inhibits the downstream expression of other inflammatory mediators associated with the activation of the NF-κB pathway in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Thus, the leaf essential oil of M. suaveolens may prove to be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammation, and targeting the NF-κB signaling pathway may be considered as an attractive approach for anti-inflammatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pratap Chandra Panda
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
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Castillo RF, García Pérez R, González Díaz A, Liñán González A. Therapeutic Applications and Effects of Lupinus angustifolius (Blue Lupin) and Its Components: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Foods 2023; 12:2749. [PMID: 37509841 PMCID: PMC10378960 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupinus angustifolius has a unique nutrient profile among legumes and may have beneficial health effects when included in the diet. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological properties of blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius), its chemical components, and their relevance for monitoring biological and anthropometric health markers, including triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), BMI, weight, and glycemia, compared with control groups with other kinds of diets. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, updated to December 2023, were searched. Out of the 194 studies identified, a total of 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comprising 302 participants met the eligibility criteria. The results of our study indicated that the blue lupin diet has a direct relationship with parameters such as blood glucose, weight, and LDL-C but not with TGs or BMI. In conclusion, the research described in this review clearly indicates that L. angustifolius may play an important role in the dietary prevention of hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Therefore, it would be highly advisable to increase its consumption in diets. However, further studies, ideally in humans, are required to truly establish L. angustifolius's health-promoting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Fernández Castillo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avd. de la Ilustración, 60, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel García Pérez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avd. de la Ilustración, 60, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana González Díaz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, C/Cortadura del Valle s/n, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
| | - Antonio Liñán González
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avd. de la Ilustración, 60, 18016 Granada, Spain
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Liu Y, Sheng L, Hua H, Zhou J, Zhao Y, Wang B. A Novel and Validated Inflammation-Based Prognosis Score (IBPS) Predicts Outcomes in Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:651-666. [PMID: 37465083 PMCID: PMC10351597 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s408100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to create a novel prognostic score, the inflammation-based prognosis score (IBPS). In addition, we attempted to establish and validate a nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with DLBCL. Patients and Methods We retrospectively investigated the data of 213 patients with DLBCL diagnosed and treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University and used these data to develop nomograms. At the same time, 89 patients diagnosed and treated in Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University from January 2015 to June 2021 were collected as an external validation cohort. We developed IBPS through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression method was used to develop the nomogram. We used the concordance index (C-index), calibration chart, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, decision curve analysis (DCA), and the Kaplan-Meier curve were used to assess the nomogram. Results The systemic immune inflammation index (SII), prognostic nutrition index (PNI), and modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS) were used to construct IBPS. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), IBPS, response to treatment, and whether accept surgery were used to construct the nomogram to predict the OS of DLBCL patients. The C-index in the training and validation cohorts were 0.844 and 0.828, respectively. According to the time-dependent ROC curve and DCA, the nomogram has good predictive accuracy and clinical net benefit. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that according to the nomogram score, patients in the training and validation cohorts could be classified into three risk groups. Conclusion In patients with DLBCL, baseline IBPS was a reliable predictor of OS. The survival probability of DLBCL patients can be precisely predicted using the prognosis nomogram based on IBPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajiao Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Sheng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiying Hua
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingfen Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bei Wang
- Institute of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
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234
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Zhang X, Qin H, Tan X, Mo Y, Li Z, Huang G, Wei Z. Predictive value of monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and tumor markers in colorectal cancer and their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:200. [PMID: 37420210 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03079-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the predictive value of monocyte (M) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR) and tumor markers in colorectal cancer (CRC) and their correlation with clinicopathological characteristics. METHODS Hematology test data and medical records of 202 CRC patients and 201 healthy subjects were collected retrospectively. The diagnostic efficacy of MHR was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and risk factors for CRC were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS CRC patients had significantly higher M, MHR, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) levels, but significantly lower HDL-C levels than healthy controls (all P < 0.05). Additionally, MHR was positively correlated with tumor differentiation in CRC patients (P = 0.049); CEA and CA199 levels in CRC patients increased with increased stage, lymph node metastasis and tumor size ≥ 5 cm (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, high levels of MHR, CA199 and CEA were independent risk factors for CRC. The area under ROC curve of MHR combined with CEA and CA199 was 0.882/0.869 for the diagnosis of CRC, respectively. CONCLUSION This is the first study to explore the predictive value of MHR in CRC, and its continuous increase is an independent risk factor for CRC. MHR is a promising predictor for CRC progression along with CA199 and CEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hongyan Qin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiaodan Tan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yuncong Mo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhenyong Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Guofeng Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhixiao Wei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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235
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Łukaszewicz-Zając M, Zajkowska M, Pączek S, Kulczyńska-Przybik A, Safiejko K, Juchimiuk M, Kozłowski L, Mroczko B. The Significance of CXCL1 and CXCR1 as Potential Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1933. [PMID: 37509572 PMCID: PMC10377230 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The CXCL1/CXCR2 and CXCL8-CXCR1/CXCR2 axes are under intensive investigation as they appear to regulate the progression and invasion of colorectal cancer (CRC). Growing evidence demonstrates the elevated expression of these proteins in CRC. However, a majority of relevant studies have been performed on CRC tissues using immunohistochemical techniques. Our study is the first to evaluate the diagnostic significance of serum CXCL1 and CXCR1 levels in CRC patients in comparison to well-established tumor markers, such as the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and markers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP). Thus, the aim of our study was to assess whether circulating serum levels of CXCL1 and CXCR1 might be candidates for novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and progression of CRC. The study was performed on 76 subjects, including patients with CRC and healthy volunteers as a control group. Serum concentrations of CXCL1, CXCR1, and the classical tumor marker (CEA) were measured using immunoenzyme assays, while CRP levels were assessed with the immunoturbidimetric method. Serum CXCL1 levels were statistically significantly increased in CRC patients when compared to healthy subjects, and similar results were found for CEA and CRP levels. The percentage of elevated concentrations of CXCL1 and CXCR1 was higher than that of the classical tumor biomarker and increased in the combined measurement of these proteins with CEA. In addition, among all proteins tested, serum CXCL1 seems to be the best indicator in the differentiation between CRC patients with nodal involvement and patients without the presence of lymph node metastasis. Our preliminary results indicate the role of serum CXCL1 and CXCR1 in the diagnosis of CRC, particularly in the combined measurement with CEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Łukaszewicz-Zając
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Zajkowska
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sara Pączek
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kulczyńska-Przybik
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Sobolewska-Nowak J, Wachowska K, Nowak A, Orzechowska A, Szulc A, Płaza O, Gałecki P. Exploring the Heart-Mind Connection: Unraveling the Shared Pathways between Depression and Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1903. [PMID: 37509542 PMCID: PMC10377477 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Civilization diseases are defined as non-communicable diseases that affect a large part of the population. Examples of such diseases are depression and cardiovascular disease. Importantly, the World Health Organization warns against an increase in both of these. This narrative review aims to summarize the available information on measurable risk factors for CVD and depression based on the existing literature. The paper reviews the epidemiology and main risk factors for the coexistence of depression and cardiovascular disease. The authors emphasize that there is evidence of a link between depression and cardiovascular disease. Here, we highlight common risk factors for depression and cardiovascular disease, including obesity, diabetes, and physical inactivity, as well as the importance of the prevention and treatment of CVD in preventing depression and other mental disorders. Conversely, effective treatment of CVD can also help prevent depression and improve mental health outcomes. It seems advisable to introduce screening tests for depression in patients treated for cardiac reasons. Importantly, in patients treated for mood disorders, it is worth controlling CVD risk factors, for example, by checking blood pressure and pulse during routine visits. It is also worth paying attention to the mental condition of patients with CVD. This study underlines the importance of interdisciplinary co-operation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Wachowska
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Artur Nowak
- Department of Immunopathology, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Orzechowska
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Szulc
- Psychiatric Clinic of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Płaza
- Psychiatric Clinic of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Gałecki
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
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Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Kowalczyk T, Zajdel K, Jęcek M, Nowak P, Zajdel R. Food Anthocyanins: Malvidin and Its Glycosides as Promising Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Agents with Potential Health Benefits. Nutrients 2023; 15:3016. [PMID: 37447342 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are flavonoid compounds that are abundantly present in fruits and vegetables. These compounds contribute to the color of these foods and offer various health benefits to consumers due to their biological properties. There are more than 1000 types of anthocyanins in nature, all derived from 27 anthocyanidin aglycones that have different glycosylations and acylations. Malvidin is one of the most well-known anthocyanidins. Several studies, including those conducted on cell lines, animals, and humans, have suggested that malvidin and its glycosides possess anti-carcinogenic, diabetes-control, cardiovascular-disease-prevention, and brain-function-improvement properties. These health benefits are primarily attributed to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which are influenced by the molecular mechanisms related to the expression and modulation of critical genes. In this article, we review the available information on the biological activity of malvidin and its glycosides concerning their health-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Zajdel
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mariusz Jęcek
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Nowak
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland
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238
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Zhang H, Wang J, Sun J, Wang Q, Guo L, Ju X. Regulatory mechanism underlying liver X receptor effects on the tumor microenvironment, inflammation and tumorigenesis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:989-998. [PMID: 37753584 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2264513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Liver X receptors (LXRs) have emerged as novel targets for tumor treatment. LXRs within the tumor microenvironment show the capacity to impact tumorigenesis and tumor development by regulating the infiltration of immune cells and release of cytokines to moderate inflammation. AREAS COVERED In this review, we present a systematic description of recent progress in understanding the impact of LXRs on the tumor microenvironment and tumorigenesis. We also summarize the antitumor effects mediated by LXRs via their regulation of cytokine expression. Additionally, we discuss the limitations of LXR research in tumor studies to date. EXPERT OPINION Previous studies have demonstrated abnormal LXR expression in tumor tissues, and activation of LXRs has been shown to inhibit tumorigenesis and promote apoptosis in tumor cells. However, LXRs can also affect tumorigenesis by regulating immune cell functions within the tumor immune microenvironment. By summarizing the impact of LXRs on immune cells, we provide new insights into the multifaceted nature of LXRs as antitumor targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang Sun
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lanfang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoli Ju
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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239
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Yu Z, Peng Y, Gao J, Zhou M, Shi L, Zhao F, Wang C, Tian X, Feng L, Huo X, Zhang B, Liu M, Fang D, Ma X. The p23 co-chaperone is a succinate-activated COX-2 transcription factor in lung adenocarcinoma tumorigenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade0387. [PMID: 37390202 PMCID: PMC10313168 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
P23, historically known as a heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) co-chaperone, exerts some of its critical functions in an HSP90-independent manner, particularly when it translocates into the nucleus. The molecular nature underlying how this HSP90-independent p23 function is achieved remains as a biological mystery. Here, we found that p23 is a previously unidentified transcription factor of COX-2, and its nuclear localization predicts the poor clinical outcomes. Intratumor succinate promotes p23 succinylation at K7, K33, and K79, which drives its nuclear translocation for COX-2 transcription and consequently fascinates tumor growth. We then identified M16 as a potent p23 succinylation inhibitor from 1.6 million compounds through a combined virtual and biological screening. M16 inhibited p23 succinylation and nuclear translocation, attenuated COX-2 transcription in a p23-dependent manner, and markedly suppressed tumor growth. Therefore, our study defines p23 as a succinate-activated transcription factor in tumor progression and provides a rationale for inhibiting p23 succinylation as an anticancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Yu
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Yulin Peng
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Meirong Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Xiangge Tian
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Lei Feng
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Baojing Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Min Liu
- Neurology Department, Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Deyu Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
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Jou E. Type 1 and type 2 cytokine-mediated immune orchestration in the tumour microenvironment and their therapeutic potential. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:474-497. [PMID: 37455828 PMCID: PMC10345208 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains the second leading cause of death worldwide despite modern breakthroughs in medicine, and novel treatments are urgently needed. The revolutionary success of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the past decade serves as proof of concept that the immune system can be effectively harnessed to treat cancer. Cytokines are small signalling proteins with critical roles in orchestrating the immune response and have become an attractive target for immunotherapy. Type 1 immune cytokines, including interferon γ (IFNγ), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), have been shown to have largely tumour suppressive roles in part through orchestrating anti-tumour immune responses mediated by natural killer (NK) cells, CD8+ T cells and T helper 1 (Th1) cells. Conversely, type 2 immunity involving group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and Th2 cells are involved in tissue regeneration and wound repair and are traditionally thought to have pro-tumoural effects. However, it is found that the classical type 2 immune cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13 may have conflicting roles in cancer. Similarly, type 2 immunity-related cytokines IL-25 and IL-33 with recently characterised roles in cancer may either promote or suppress tumorigenesis in a context-dependent manner. Furthermore, type 1 cytokines IFNγ and TNFα have also been found to have pro-tumoural effects under certain circumstances, further complicating the overall picture. Therefore, the dichotomy of type 1 and type 2 cytokines inhibiting and promoting tumours respectively is not concrete, and attempts of utilising these for cancer immunotherapy must take into account all available evidence. This review provides an overview summarising the current understanding of type 1 and type 2 cytokines in tumour immunity and discusses the prospects of harnessing these for immunotherapy in light of previous and ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Jou
- Queens’ College, University of Cambridge, CB3 9ET Cambridge, UK
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CB2 0QH Cambridge, UK
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241
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Zhang Z, Wang S, Ren F, Yang L, Xie H, Pan L, Li Y, Yu B, Yang Y, Su H, Chen Y, Zhang C, Chen H, Yang W, An N, Bai Y. Inflammatory factors and risk of meningiomas: a bidirectional mendelian-randomization study. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1186312. [PMID: 37425011 PMCID: PMC10325787 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1186312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Meningiomas are one of the most common intracranial tumors, and the current understanding of meningioma pathology is still incomplete. Inflammatory factors play an important role in the pathophysiology of meningioma, but the causal relationship between inflammatory factors and meningioma is still unclear. Method Mendelian randomization (MR) is an effective statistical method for reducing bias based on whole genome sequencing data. It's a simple but powerful framework, that uses genetics to study aspects of human biology. Modern methods of MR make the process more robust by exploiting the many genetic variants that may exist for a given hypothesis. In this paper, MR is applied to understand the causal relationship between exposure and disease outcome. Results This research presents a comprehensive MR study to study the association of genetic inflammatory cytokines with meningioma. Based on the results of our MR analysis, which examines 41 cytokines in the largest GWAS datasets available, we were able to draw the relatively more reliable conclusion that elevated levels of circulating TNF-β, CXCL1, and lower levels of IL-9 were suggestive associated with a higher risk of meningioma. Moreover, Meningiomas could cause lower levels of interleukin-16 and higher levels of CXCL10 in the blood. Conclusion These findings suggest that TNF-β, CXCL1, and IL-9 play an important role in the development of meningiomas. Meningiomas also affect the expression of cytokines such as IL-16 and CXCL10. Further studies are needed to determine whether these biomarkers can be used to prevent or treat meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Ren
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Laiyu Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haoqun Xie
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lin Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingcheng Yu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Haoyi Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Youqi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chuyi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenzhuo Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan An
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Mfotie Njoya E, Ndemangou B, Akinyelu J, Munvera AM, Chukwuma CI, Mkounga P, Mashele SS, Makhafola TJ, McGaw LJ. In vitro antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory effects and molecular docking studies of natural compounds isolated from Sarcocephalus pobeguinii (Hua ex Pobég). Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1205414. [PMID: 37416061 PMCID: PMC10320002 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1205414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sarcocephalus pobeguinii (Hua ex Pobég) is used in folk medicine to treat oxidative-stress related diseases, thereby warranting the investigation of its anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. In our previous study, the leaf extract of S. pobeguinii induced significant cytotoxic effect against several cancerous cells with high selectivity indexes towards non-cancerous cells. Aim: The current study aims to isolate natural compounds from S. pobeguinii, and to evaluate their cytotoxicity, selectivity and anti-inflammatory effects as well as searching for potential target proteins of bioactive compounds. Methods: Natural compounds were isolated from leaf, fruit and bark extracts of S. pobeguinii and their chemical structures were elucidated using appropriate spectroscopic methods. The antiproliferative effect of isolated compounds was determined on four human cancerous cells (MCF-7, HepG2, Caco-2 and A549 cells) and non-cancerous Vero cells. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was determined by evaluating the nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory potential and the 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) inhibitory activity. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were carried out on six putative target proteins found in common signaling pathways of inflammation and cancer. Results: Hederagenin (2), quinovic acid 3-O-[α-D-quinovopyranoside] (6) and quinovic acid 3-O-[β-D-quinovopyranoside] (9) exhibited significant cytotoxic effect against all cancerous cells, and they induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by increasing caspase-3/-7 activity. (6) showed the highest efficacy against all cancerous cells with poor selectivity (except for A549 cells) towards non-cancerous Vero cells; while (2) showed the highest selectivity warranting its potential safety as a chemotherapeutic agent. Moreover, (6) and (9) significantly inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells which could mainly be attributed to their high cytotoxic effect. Besides, the mixture nauclealatifoline G and naucleofficine D (1), hederagenin (2) and chletric acid (3) were active against 15-LOX as compared to quercetin. Docking results showed that JAK2 and COX-2, with the highest binding scores, are the potential molecular targets involved in the antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of bioactive compounds. Conclusion: Overall, hederagenin (2), which selectively killed cancer cells with additional anti-inflammatory effect, is the most prominent lead compound which may be further investigated as a drug candidate to tackle cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Mfotie Njoya
- Centre for Quality of Health and Living, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaound, Cameroon
| | - Brigitte Ndemangou
- University Institute of Technology of Wood Technology, Mbalmayo, Cameroon
| | - Jude Akinyelu
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye, Nigeria
| | - Aristide M. Munvera
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaound, Cameroon
| | - Chika. I. Chukwuma
- Centre for Quality of Health and Living, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Pierre Mkounga
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaound, Cameroon
| | - Samson S. Mashele
- Centre for Quality of Health and Living, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Tshepiso J. Makhafola
- Centre for Quality of Health and Living, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Lyndy J. McGaw
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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243
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Sun L, Su Y, Jiao A, Wang X, Zhang B. T cells in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:235. [PMID: 37332039 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets. Upon antigen stimulation, naïve T cells differentiate into CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic effector and memory cells, mediating direct killing, diverse immune regulatory function, and long-term protection. In response to acute and chronic infections and tumors, T cells adopt distinct differentiation trajectories and develop into a range of heterogeneous populations with various phenotype, differentiation potential, and functionality under precise and elaborate regulations of transcriptional and epigenetic programs. Abnormal T-cell immunity can initiate and promote the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of T cell development, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell classification, and differentiation in physiological settings. We further elaborate the heterogeneity, differentiation, functionality, and regulation network of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in infectious disease, chronic infection and tumor, and autoimmune disease, highlighting the exhausted CD8+ T cell differentiation trajectory, CD4+ T cell helper function, T cell contributions to immunotherapy and autoimmune pathogenesis. We also discuss the development and function of γδ T cells in tissue surveillance, infection, and tumor immunity. Finally, we summarized current T-cell-based immunotherapies in both cancer and autoimmune diseases, with an emphasis on their clinical applications. A better understanding of T cell immunity provides insight into developing novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sun
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Yanhong Su
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Anjun Jiao
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Baojun Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China.
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Serini S, Trombino S, Curcio F, Sole R, Cassano R, Calviello G. Hyaluronic Acid-Mediated Phenolic Compound Nanodelivery for Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1751. [PMID: 37376199 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are bioactive phytochemicals showing a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anticancer effects. Moreover, they are associated with fewer side effects compared to most currently used antitumor drugs. Combinations of phenolic compounds with commonly used drugs have been largely studied as an approach aimed at enhancing the efficacy of anticancer drugs and reducing their deleterious systemic effects. In addition, some of these compounds are reported to reduce tumor cell drug resistance by modulating different signaling pathways. However, often, their application is limited due to their chemical instability, low water solubility, or scarce bioavailability. Nanoformulations, including polyphenols in combination or not with anticancer drugs, represent a suitable strategy to enhance their stability and bioavailability and, thus, improve their therapeutic activity. In recent years, the development of hyaluronic acid-based systems for specific drug delivery to cancer cells has represented a pursued therapeutic strategy. This is related to the fact that this natural polysaccharide binds to the CD44 receptor that is overexpressed in most solid cancers, thus allowing its efficient internalization in tumor cells. Moreover, it is characterized by high biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low toxicity. Here, we will focus on and critically analyze the results obtained in recent studies regarding the use of hyaluronic acid for the targeted delivery of bioactive phenolic compounds to cancer cells of different origins, alone or in combination with drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Serini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Trombino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Federica Curcio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Roberta Sole
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Roberta Cassano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Gabriella Calviello
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
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245
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Kadatane SP, Satariano M, Massey M, Mongan K, Raina R. The Role of Inflammation in CKD. Cells 2023; 12:1581. [PMID: 37371050 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects many adults worldwide. Persistent low-grade inflammation is a substantial factor in its development and progression and has correlated with increased mortality and cardiovascular problems. This low-grade inflammation is a product of dysregulation of the normal balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory markers. Various factors such as increased innate immune system activation, reactive oxygen species production, periodontal disease, dysregulation of anti-inflammatory systems and intestinal dysbiosis result in the dysregulation of this balance. Furthermore, this low-grade inflammation has down-effects such as hypertension, renal fibrosis and acceleration of renal function decline. Moreover, low-grade inflammation over time has been linked to malignancy in CKD. As CKD progresses, many patients require dialysis, which has a negative bidirectional relationship with persistent inflammation. Treatment options for inflammation in CKD are vast, including cytokine inhibitors, statins and diets. However, more research is needed to create a standardized management plan. In this review, we will examine the normal physiology of the kidney and its relationship with the immune system. We will then delve into the pathology behind persistent inflammation, the various causes of inflammation, the downstream effects of inflammation, dialysis and potential treatments for inflammation in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew Satariano
- Department of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Michael Massey
- Department of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Kai Mongan
- Department of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Rupesh Raina
- Akron Nephrology Associates/Cleveland Clinic Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH 44302, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH 44308, USA
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246
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Žilienė E, Inčiūra A, Ugenskienė R, Juozaitytė E. Pathomorphological Manifestations and the Course of the Cervical Cancer Disease Determined by Variations in the TLR4 Gene. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:1999. [PMID: 37370894 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13121999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is often associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). Chronic inflammation has been described as one of the triggers of cancer. The immune system fights diseases, including cancer. The genetic polymorphism of pathogen recognition receptors potentially influences the infectious process, development, and disease progression. Many candidate genes SNPs have been contradictory demonstrated to be associated with cervical cancer by association studies, GWAS. TLR4 gene activation can promote antitumor immunity. It can also result in immunosuppression and tumor growth. Our study aimed to investigate eight selected polymorphisms of the TLR4 gene (rs10759932, rs1927906, rs11536898, rs11536865, rs10983755, rs4986790, rs4986791, rs11536897) and to determine the impact of polymorphisms in genotypes and alleles on the pathomorphological characteristics and progression in a group of 172 cervical cancer subjects with stage I-IV. Genotyping was performed by RT-PCR assay. We detected that the CA genotype and A allele of rs11536898 were significantly more frequent in patients with metastases (p = 0.026; p = 0.008). The multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed this link to be significant. The effect of rs10759932 and rs11536898 on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) has been identified as important. In univariate and multivariate Cox analyses, AA genotype of rs11536898 was a negative prognostic factor for PFS (p = 0.024; p = 0.057, respectively) and OS (p = 0.008; p = 0.042, respectively). Rs11536898 C allele predisposed for longer PFS (univariate and multivariate: p = 0.025; p = 0.048, respectively) and for better OS (univariate and multivariate: p = 0.010; p = 0.043). The worse prognostic factor of rs10759932 in a univariate and multivariate Cox analysis for survival was CC genotype: shorter PFS (p = 0.032) and increased risk of death (p = 0.048; p = 0.015, respectively). The T allele of rs10759932 increased longer PFS (univariate and multivariate: p = 0.048; p = 0.019, respectively) and longer OS (univariate and multivariate: p = 0.037; p = 0.009, respectively). Our study suggests that SNPs rs10759932 and rs11536898 may have the potential to be markers contributing to the assessment of the cervical cancer prognosis. Further studies, preferably with larger groups of different ethnic backgrounds, are needed to confirm the results of the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eglė Žilienė
- Institute of Oncology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Arturas Inčiūra
- Institute of Oncology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rasa Ugenskienė
- Institute of Oncology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Elona Juozaitytė
- Institute of Oncology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Bassal MA. The Interplay between Dysregulated Metabolism and Epigenetics in Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:944. [PMID: 37371524 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism (or energetics) and epigenetics are tightly coupled cellular processes. It is arguable that of all the described cancer hallmarks, dysregulated cellular energetics and epigenetics are the most tightly coregulated. Cellular metabolic states regulate and drive epigenetic changes while also being capable of influencing, if not driving, epigenetic reprogramming. Conversely, epigenetic changes can drive altered and compensatory metabolic states. Cancer cells meticulously modify and control each of these two linked cellular processes in order to maintain their tumorigenic potential and capacity. This review aims to explore the interplay between these two processes and discuss how each affects the other, driving and enhancing tumorigenic states in certain contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Adel Bassal
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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248
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Arana Echarri A, Struszczak L, Beresford M, Campbell JP, Jones RH, Thompson D, Turner JE. Immune cell status, cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition among breast cancer survivors and healthy women: a cross sectional study. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1107070. [PMID: 37324393 PMCID: PMC10267418 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1107070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Methods: We examined whether immune cell profiles differ between healthy women (n = 38) and breast cancer survivors (n = 27) within 2 years of treatment, and whether any group-differences were influenced by age, cytomegalovirus infection, cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition. Using flow cytometry, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets, including naïve (NA), central memory (CM) and effector cells (EM and EMRA) were identified using CD27/CD45RA. Activation was measured by HLA-DR expression. Stem cell-like memory T cells (TSCMs) were identified using CD95/CD127. B cells, including plasmablasts, memory, immature and naïve cells were identified using CD19/CD27/CD38/CD10. Effector and regulatory Natural Killer cells were identified using CD56/CD16. Results: Compared to healthy women, CD4+ CM were +Δ21% higher among survivors (p = 0.028) and CD8+ NA were -Δ25% lower (p = 0.034). Across CD4+ and CD8+ subsets, the proportion of activated (HLA-DR+) cells was +Δ31% higher among survivors: CD4+ CM (+Δ25%), CD4+ EM (+Δ32%) and CD4+ EMRA (+Δ43%), total CD8+ (+Δ30%), CD8+ EM (+Δ30%) and CD8+ EMRA (+Δ25%) (p < 0.046). The counts of immature B cells, NK cells and CD16+ NK effector cells were higher among survivors (+Δ100%, +Δ108% and +Δ143% respectively, p < 0.04). Subsequent analyses examined whether statistically significant differences in participant characteristics, influenced immunological differences between groups. Compared to healthy women, survivors were older (56 ± 6 y vs. 45 ± 11 y), had lower cardiorespiratory fitness (V˙O2max mL kg-1 min-1: 28.8 ± 5.0 vs. 36.2 ± 8.5), lower lean mass (42.3 ± 5.0 kg vs. 48.4 ± 15.8 kg), higher body fat (36.3% ± 5.3% vs. 32.7% ± 6.4%) and higher fat mass index (FMI kg/m2: 9.5 ± 2.2 vs. 8.1 ± 2.7) (all p < 0.033). Analysis of covariance revealed divergent moderating effects of age, CMV serostatus, cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition on the differences in immune cell profiles between groups, depending on the cell type examined. Moreover, across all participants, fat mass index was positively associated with the proportion of HLA-DR+ CD4+ EMRA and CD8+ EM/EMRA T cells (Pearson correlation: r > 0.305, p < 0.019). The association between fat mass index and HLA-DR+ CD8+ EMRA T cells withstood statistical adjustment for all variables, including age, CMV serostatus, lean mass and cardiorespiratory fitness, potentially implicating these cells as contributors to inflammatory/immune-dysfunction in overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark Beresford
- Department for Oncology and Haematology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Trust, Bath, United Kingdom
| | | | - Robert H. Jones
- Velindre Cancer Centre and Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Dylan Thompson
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - James E. Turner
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Sergeeva E, Ruksha T, Fefelova Y. Effects of Obesity and Calorie Restriction on Cancer Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119601. [PMID: 37298551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of malignant tumor development is increasing in the world. Obesity is an established risk factor for various malignancies. There are many metabolic alterations associated with obesity which promote cancerogenesis. Excessive body weight leads to increased levels of estrogens, chronic inflammation and hypoxia, which can play an important role in the development of malignancies. It is proved that calorie restriction can improve the state of patients with various diseases. Decreased calorie uptake influences lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism, hormone levels and cell processes. Many investigations have been devoted to the effects of calorie restriction on cancer development in vitro and in vivo. It was revealed that fasting can regulate the activity of the signal cascades including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p53, mTOR, insulin/ insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and JAK-STAT. Up- or down-regulation of the pathways results in the decrease of cancer cell proliferation, migration and survival and the increase of apoptosis and effects of chemotherapy. The aim of this review is to discuss the connection between obesity and cancer development and the mechanisms of calorie restriction influence on cancerogenesis that stress the importance of further research of calorie restriction effects for the inclusion of this approach in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Sergeeva
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, No. 1 P. Zheleznyaka Str., 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ruksha
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, No. 1 P. Zheleznyaka Str., 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Yulia Fefelova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, No. 1 P. Zheleznyaka Str., 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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Svolacchia F, Brongo S, Catalano A, Ceccarini A, Svolacchia L, Santarsiere A, Scieuzo C, Salvia R, Finelli F, Milella L, Saturnino C, Sinicropi MS, Fabrizio T, Giuzio F. Natural Products for the Prevention, Treatment and Progression of Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112981. [PMID: 37296944 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the most used natural products as useful adjuvants in BC by clarifying how these products may play a critical role in the prevention, treatment and progression of this disease. BC is the leading cancer, in terms of incidence, that affects women. The epidemiology and pathophysiology of BC were widely reported. Inflammation and cancer are known to influence each other in several tumors. In the case of BC, the inflammatory component precedes the development of the neoplasm through a slowly increasing and prolonged inflammation that also favors its growth. BC therapy involves a multidisciplinary approach comprising surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. There are numerous observations that showed that the effects of some natural substances, which, in integration with the classic protocols, can be used not only for prevention or integration in order to prevent recurrences and induce a state of chemoquiescence but also as chemo- and radiosensitizers during classic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Svolacchia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, La Sapienza University, 00118 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Policlinic Foundation Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Brongo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Salerno, 84131 Campania, Italy
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Agostino Ceccarini
- U.O.C. Primary Care and Territorial Health, Social and Health Department, State Hospital, 47893 San Marino, San Marino
| | - Lorenzo Svolacchia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, La Sapienza University, 00118 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Santarsiere
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Carmen Scieuzo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Tommaso Fabrizio
- Department of Plastic Surgery, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Federica Giuzio
- U.O.C. Primary Care and Territorial Health, Social and Health Department, State Hospital, 47893 San Marino, San Marino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff TNcKILLERS s.r.l., University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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