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Dupuis J, Langenberg C, Prokopenko I, Saxena R, Soranzo N, Jackson AU, Wheeler E, Glazer NL, Bouatia-Naji N, Gloyn AL, Lindgren CM, Mägi R, Morris AP, Randall J, Johnson T, Elliott P, Rybin D, Thorleifsson G, Steinthorsdottir V, Henneman P, Grallert H, Dehghan A, Hottenga JJ, Franklin CS, Navarro P, Song K, Goel A, Perry JRB, Egan JM, Lajunen T, Grarup N, Sparsø T, Doney A, Voight BF, Stringham HM, Li M, Kanoni S, Shrader P, Cavalcanti-Proença C, Kumari M, Qi L, Timpson NJ, Gieger C, Zabena C, Rocheleau G, Ingelsson E, An P, O’Connell J, Luan J, Elliott A, McCarroll SA, Payne F, Roccasecca RM, Pattou F, Sethupathy P, Ardlie K, Ariyurek Y, Balkau B, Barter P, Beilby JP, Ben-Shlomo Y, Benediktsson R, Bennett AJ, Bergmann S, Bochud M, Boerwinkle E, Bonnefond A, Bonnycastle LL, Borch-Johnsen K, Böttcher Y, Brunner E, Bumpstead SJ, Charpentier G, Chen YDI, Chines P, Clarke R, Coin LJM, Cooper MN, Cornelis M, Crawford G, Crisponi L, Day INM, de Geus E, Delplanque J, Dina C, Erdos MR, Fedson AC, Fischer-Rosinsky A, Forouhi NG, Fox CS, Frants R, Franzosi MG, Galan P, Goodarzi MO, Graessler J, Groves CJ, Grundy S, Gwilliam R, Gyllensten U, Hadjadj S, Hallmans G, Hammond N, Han X, Hartikainen AL, Hassanali N, Hayward C, Heath SC, Hercberg S, Herder C, Hicks AA, Hillman DR, Hingorani AD, Hofman A, Hui J, Hung J, Isomaa B, Johnson PRV, Jørgensen T, Jula A, Kaakinen M, Kaprio J, Kesaniemi YA, Kivimaki M, Knight B, Koskinen S, Kovacs P, Kyvik KO, Lathrop GM, Lawlor DA, Le Bacquer O, Lecoeur C, Li Y, Lyssenko V, Mahley R, Mangino M, Manning AK, Martínez-Larrad MT, McAteer JB, McCulloch LJ, McPherson R, Meisinger C, Melzer D, Meyre D, Mitchell BD, Morken MA, Mukherjee S, Naitza S, Narisu N, Neville MJ, Oostra BA, Orrù M, Pakyz R, Palmer CNA, Paolisso G, Pattaro C, Pearson D, Peden JF, Pedersen NL, Perola M, Pfeiffer AFH, Pichler I, Polasek O, Posthuma D, Potter SC, Pouta A, Province MA, Psaty BM, Rathmann W, Rayner NW, Rice K, Ripatti S, Rivadeneira F, Roden M, Rolandsson O, Sandbaek A, Sandhu M, Sanna S, Sayer AA, Scheet P, Scott LJ, Seedorf U, Sharp SJ, Shields B, Sigurðsson G, Sijbrands EJG, Silveira A, Simpson L, Singleton A, Smith NL, Sovio U, Swift A, Syddall H, Syvänen AC, Tanaka T, Thorand B, Tichet J, Tönjes A, Tuomi T, Uitterlinden AG, van Dijk KW, van Hoek M, Varma D, Visvikis-Siest S, Vitart V, Vogelzangs N, Waeber G, Wagner PJ, Walley A, Walters GB, Ward KL, Watkins H, Weedon MN, Wild SH, Willemsen G, Witteman JCM, Yarnell JWG, Zeggini E, Zelenika D, Zethelius B, Zhai G, Zhao JH, Zillikens MC, Borecki IB, Loos RJF, Meneton P, Magnusson PKE, Nathan DM, Williams GH, Hattersley AT, Silander K, Salomaa V, Smith GD, Bornstein SR, Schwarz P, Spranger J, Karpe F, Shuldiner AR, Cooper C, Dedoussis GV, Serrano-Ríos M, Morris AD, Lind L, Palmer LJ, Hu FB, Franks PW, Ebrahim S, Marmot M, Kao WHL, Pankow JS, Sampson MJ, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Pramstaller PP, Wichmann HE, Illig T, Rudan I, Wright AF, Stumvoll M, Campbell H, Wilson JF, Hamsten A, Bergman RN, Buchanan TA, Collins FS, Mohlke KL, Tuomilehto J, Valle TT, Altshuler D, Rotter JI, Siscovick DS, Penninx BWJH, Boomsma D, Deloukas P, Spector TD, Frayling TM, Ferrucci L, Kong A, Thorsteinsdottir U, Stefansson K, van Duijn CM, Aulchenko YS, Cao A, Scuteri A, Schlessinger D, Uda M, Ruokonen A, Jarvelin MR, Waterworth DM, Vollenweider P, Peltonen L, Mooser V, Abecasis GR, Wareham NJ, Sladek R, Froguel P, Watanabe RM, Meigs JB, Groop L, Boehnke M, McCarthy MI, Florez JC, Barroso I. New genetic loci implicated in fasting glucose homeostasis and their impact on type 2 diabetes risk. Nat Genet 2010; 42:105-16. [PMID: 20081858 PMCID: PMC3018764 DOI: 10.1038/ng.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1677] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Levels of circulating glucose are tightly regulated. To identify new loci influencing glycemic traits, we performed meta-analyses of 21 genome-wide association studies informative for fasting glucose, fasting insulin and indices of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in up to 46,186 nondiabetic participants. Follow-up of 25 loci in up to 76,558 additional subjects identified 16 loci associated with fasting glucose and HOMA-B and two loci associated with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR. These include nine loci newly associated with fasting glucose (in or near ADCY5, MADD, ADRA2A, CRY2, FADS1, GLIS3, SLC2A2, PROX1 and C2CD4B) and one influencing fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (near IGF1). We also demonstrated association of ADCY5, PROX1, GCK, GCKR and DGKB-TMEM195 with type 2 diabetes. Within these loci, likely biological candidate genes influence signal transduction, cell proliferation, development, glucose-sensing and circadian regulation. Our results demonstrate that genetic studies of glycemic traits can identify type 2 diabetes risk loci, as well as loci containing gene variants that are associated with a modest elevation in glucose levels but are not associated with overt diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Richa Saxena
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology Department, King’s College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, Lambeth Palace Rd, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Nicole L Glazer
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nabila Bouatia-Naji
- CNRS-UMR8090, Pasteur Institute, Lille 2-Droit et Santé University, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Joshua Randall
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Toby Johnson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
- University Institute of Social and Preventative Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Switzerland
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College of London, Faculty of Medicine, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Denis Rybin
- Boston University Data Coordinating Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | | | | | - Peter Henneman
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Jouke Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pau Navarro
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Kijoung Song
- Division of Genetics, R&D, Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, USA
| | - Anuj Goel
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - John R B Perry
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - Taina Lajunen
- Unit for Child and Adolescent Health and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Niels Grarup
- Hagedorn Research Institute, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark
| | | | - Alex Doney
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Level 7, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Benjamin F Voight
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Man Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- Department of Nutrition - Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Peter Shrader
- General Medicine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Meena Kumari
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
| | - Lu Qi
- Depts. of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carina Zabena
- Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ghislain Rocheleau
- Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal H3A 1A4, Canada
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ping An
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jeffrey O’Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Amanda Elliott
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Steven A McCarroll
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Felicity Payne
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Rosa Maria Roccasecca
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - François Pattou
- INSERM U859, Universite de Lille-Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Kristin Ardlie
- The Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, USA
| | - Yavuz Ariyurek
- Leiden Genome Technology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Beverley Balkau
- INSERM U780-IFR69, Paris Sud University, F-94807 Villejuif, France
| | - Philip Barter
- The Heart Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John P Beilby
- PathWest Laboratory of Western Australia, Department of Molecular Genetics, J Block, QEII Medical Centre, NEDLANDS WA 6009, Australia
- School of Surgery and Pathology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
| | - Rafn Benediktsson
- Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Amanda J Bennett
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
- University Institute of Social and Preventative Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Murielle Bochud
- University Institute of Social and Preventative Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- The Human Genetics Center and Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- CNRS-UMR8090, Pasteur Institute, Lille 2-Droit et Santé University, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Lori L Bonnycastle
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Knut Borch-Johnsen
- Steno Diabetes Center, DK-2820 Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Aarhus, Aarhus DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Yvonne Böttcher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eric Brunner
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
| | | | | | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Peter Chines
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Robert Clarke
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Lachlan J M Coin
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College of London, Faculty of Medicine, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Matthew N Cooper
- Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Marilyn Cornelis
- Depts. of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gabe Crawford
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Laura Crisponi
- Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia (INN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Ian N M Day
- MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
| | - Eco de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jerome Delplanque
- CNRS-UMR8090, Pasteur Institute, Lille 2-Droit et Santé University, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christian Dina
- CNRS-UMR8090, Pasteur Institute, Lille 2-Droit et Santé University, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Michael R Erdos
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Annette C Fedson
- Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Western Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre II, Perth, Australia
| | - Antje Fischer-Rosinsky
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charite-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Caroline S Fox
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rune Frants
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Grazia Franzosi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Milan, Italy
| | - Pilar Galan
- U557 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1125 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris 13, 74 rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny Cedex, France
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jürgen Graessler
- Department of Medicine III, Division Prevention and Care of Diabetes, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden
| | - Christopher J Groves
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Scott Grundy
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Rhian Gwilliam
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Samy Hadjadj
- CHU de Poitiers, Endocrinologie Diabetologie, CIC INSERM 0802, INSERM U927, Université de Poitiers, UFR, Médecine Pharmacie, Poitiers, France
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Section for Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Naomi Hammond
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Xijing Han
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Anna-Liisa Hartikainen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu, Box 5000, Fin-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Neelam Hassanali
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | | | - Simon C Heath
- Centre National de Génotypage/IG/CEA, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux CP 5721, 91057 Evry Cedex, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- U872 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, 15 rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75270 Paris Cedex, France
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy, Affiliated Institute of the University Lübeck, Germany
| | - David R Hillman
- Western Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre II, Perth, Australia
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Aroon D Hingorani
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Jennie Hui
- PathWest Laboratory of Western Australia, Department of Molecular Genetics, J Block, QEII Medical Centre, NEDLANDS WA 6009, Australia
- Busselton Population Medical Research Foundation, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Joe Hung
- Heart Institute of Western Australia, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Bo Isomaa
- Folkhalsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Malmska Municipal Health Care Center and Hospital, Jakobstad, Finland
| | - Paul R V Johnson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antti Jula
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Unit of Population Studies, Turku, Finland
| | - Marika Kaakinen
- Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, Box 5000, Fin-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 41 (Mannerheimintie 172), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Unit for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
| | - Beatrice Knight
- Diabetes Genetics, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Unit of Living Conditions, Health and Wellbeing, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, University of Leipzig, Inselstr. 22, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kirsten Ohm Kyvik
- The Danish Twin Registry, Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - G Mark Lathrop
- Centre National de Génotypage/IG/CEA, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux CP 5721, 91057 Evry Cedex, France
| | - Debbie A Lawlor
- MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
| | - Olivier Le Bacquer
- CNRS-UMR8090, Pasteur Institute, Lille 2-Droit et Santé University, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Cécile Lecoeur
- CNRS-UMR8090, Pasteur Institute, Lille 2-Droit et Santé University, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Yun Li
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, University Hospital Malmo, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Robert Mahley
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology Department, King’s College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, Lambeth Palace Rd, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | | | - Jarred B McAteer
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Diabetes Research Center (Diabetes Unit), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Laura J McCulloch
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Ruth McPherson
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - David Melzer
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - David Meyre
- CNRS-UMR8090, Pasteur Institute, Lille 2-Droit et Santé University, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Braxton D Mitchell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Mario A Morken
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Sutapa Mukherjee
- Western Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre II, Perth, Australia
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Silvia Naitza
- Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia (INN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Matthew J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Ben A Oostra
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Orrù
- Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia (INN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Ruth Pakyz
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Biomedical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Metabolic Disease, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy, Affiliated Institute of the University Lübeck, Germany
| | - Daniel Pearson
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - John F Peden
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Nancy L. Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Perola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Unit of Public Health Genomics, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andreas F H Pfeiffer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charite-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Irene Pichler
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy, Affiliated Institute of the University Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Medical Statistics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, Andrija Stampar School of Public Health, Medical School, University of Zagreb, Rockefellerova 4, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danielle Posthuma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VUMC, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simon C Potter
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Anneli Pouta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Group Health Center for Health Studies, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Centre, Leibniz Centre at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nigel W Rayner
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Unit of Public Health Genomics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Metabolic Diseases, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Olov Rolandsson
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Section for Family Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Annelli Sandbaek
- School of Public Health, Department of General Practice, University of Aarhus, Aarhus DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Manjinder Sandhu
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia (INN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Avan Aihie Sayer
- MRC Epidemiology Resource Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Paul Scheet
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Laura J Scott
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Udo Seedorf
- Leibniz-Institut für Arterioskleroseforschung an der Universität Münster,Münster, Germany
| | - Stephen J Sharp
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Beverley Shields
- Diabetes Genetics, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Gunnar Sigurðsson
- Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Erik J G Sijbrands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Silveira
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laila Simpson
- Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Western Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre II, Perth, Australia
| | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ulla Sovio
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College of London, Faculty of Medicine, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Amy Swift
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Holly Syddall
- MRC Epidemiology Resource Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | | | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Medstar Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jean Tichet
- Institut interrégional pour la santé (IRSA), F-37521 La Riche, France
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Coordination Centre for Clinical Trials, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16-18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Folkhalsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mandy van Hoek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Dhiraj Varma
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sophie Visvikis-Siest
- Research Unit, Cardiovascular Genetics, Nancy University Henri Poincaré, Nancy, France
| | | | - Nicole Vogelzangs
- EMGO Institute/Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Wagner
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Unit of Public Health Genomics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrew Walley
- Genomic Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, W12 0NN, London, UK
| | | | - Kim L Ward
- Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Western Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre II, Perth, Australia
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Michael N Weedon
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Sarah H Wild
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - John W G Yarnell
- Epidemiology & Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BJ, UK
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Diana Zelenika
- Centre National de Génotypage/IG/CEA, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux CP 5721, 91057 Evry Cedex, France
| | - Björn Zethelius
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Medical Products Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Guangju Zhai
- Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology Department, King’s College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, Lambeth Palace Rd, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Pierre Meneton
- U872 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, 15 rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75270 Paris Cedex, France
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David M Nathan
- Diabetes Research Center (Diabetes Unit), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Gordon H Williams
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Andrew T Hattersley
- Diabetes Genetics, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Kaisa Silander
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Unit of Public Health Genomics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Unit of Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Helsinki, Finland
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Department of Medicine III, Division Prevention and Care of Diabetes, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden
| | - Peter Schwarz
- Department of Medicine III, Division Prevention and Care of Diabetes, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charite-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Alan R Shuldiner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Epidemiology Resource Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - George V Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition - Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ríos
- Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrew D Morris
- Biomedical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lyle J Palmer
- Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Western Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre II, Perth, Australia
- Busselton Population Medical Research Foundation, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Genetic Epidemiology & Clinical Research Group, Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Shah Ebrahim
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Michael Marmot
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
| | - W H Linda Kao
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
- The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA
| | - Michael J Sampson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, NR1 7UY, UK
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Torben Hansen
- Hagedorn Research Institute, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Hagedorn Research Institute, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Aarhus, Aarhus DK-8000, Denmark
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Paul Pramstaller
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy, Affiliated Institute of the University Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - H Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Gen-Info Ltd, Ruzmarinka 17, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alan F Wright
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Richard N Bergman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Thomas A Buchanan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Francis S Collins
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 41 (Mannerheimintie 172), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Unit of Diabetes Prevention, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo T Valle
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Unit of Diabetes Prevention, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David Altshuler
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Diabetes Research Center (Diabetes Unit), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David S Siscovick
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- EMGO Institute/Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Panos Deloukas
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Timothy D Spector
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology Department, King’s College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, Lambeth Palace Rd, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | | | - Yurii S Aulchenko
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Cao
- Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia (INN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Angelo Scuteri
- Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia (INN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
- Lab of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David Schlessinger
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Manuela Uda
- Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia (INN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Aimo Ruokonen
- Department of Clinical Sciences/Clinical Chemistry, University of Oulu, Box 5000, Fin-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College of London, Faculty of Medicine, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, Box 5000, Fin-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
- National Institute of Health and Welfare, Aapistie 1, P.O. Box 310, Fin-90101 Oulu, Finland
| | - Dawn M Waterworth
- Division of Genetics, R&D, Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, USA
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Leena Peltonen
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- The Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, USA
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Unit of Public Health Genomics, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vincent Mooser
- Division of Genetics, R&D, Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, USA
| | - Goncalo R Abecasis
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Robert Sladek
- Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal H3A 1A4, Canada
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS-UMR8090, Pasteur Institute, Lille 2-Droit et Santé University, F-59000 Lille, France
- Genomic Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, W12 0NN, London, UK
| | - Richard M Watanabe
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- General Medicine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, University Hospital Malmo, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Jose C Florez
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Diabetes Research Center (Diabetes Unit), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Inês Barroso
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
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