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Aquino LVC, Rodrigues LLV, Olindo SL, Silva YLF, Oliveira LRM, Moura YBF, Pereira AF. L-Proline as a Cryoprotective Agent for the Preservation of Galea Spixii Skin Fibroblasts. Biopreserv Biobank 2024. [PMID: 38985578 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2024.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell biobanking is a promising strategy for developing reproductive techniques. Although cryopreservation, a technique used for creating biobanks, has been performed on Galea spixii, structural and physiological damage to its cells highlight the need to optimize the cryoprotective solution being used. Therefore, the osmoprotective activity of 5 mM L-proline was evaluated as an alternative cryoprotectant for G. spixii fibroblast conservation. The concentration was defined based on previous studies conducted on mammalian cells. Cells derived from the skin of six individuals were cultured until the fifth passage were cryopreserved under the following treatments: (i) control (non-cryopreserved); (ii) a solution with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO), 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), and 0.2 M sucrose; (iii) a solution with 10% Me2SO, 10% FBS, and 5 mM L-proline; and (iv) a solution with 10% Me2SO, 10% FBS, 0.2 M sucrose, and 5 mM L-proline. Tests were conducted to analyze cell morphology, viability, metabolism, proliferation, and apoptosis; reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels; and mitochondrial membrane activity (ΔΨm). A reduction in the number of viable cells (72.3% ± 1.2%) was observed in the sucrose-containing group compared to the control (86.7% ± 2.0%) and L-proline (88.4% ± 1.8% and 87.8% ± 2.1%) groups. After apoptotic analysis, a reduction in the number of viable cells was observed in the group with sucrose alone (74.6% ± 4.1%) compared to the control group (88.2% ± 1.1%). The ROS levels (1.03 ± 0.5 and 1.07 ± 0.5, respectively) and ΔΨm values (0.99 ± 0.42 and 1.22 ± 0.73, respectively) observed in the groups with L-proline were similar to that observed in the control group (1.00 ± 0.5 and 1.00 ± 0.4, respectively). Moreover, no difference was observed between groups for cell morphology, metabolism, or proliferation. Thus, L-proline is a cryoprotectant agent that can be used during G. spixii fibroblast cryopreservation, alone or with sucrose. In addition, we developed an adequate biobank for G. spixii, whereby stored cells could be used for reproductive techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo V C Aquino
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Luanna L V Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Samara L Olindo
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Yara L F Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Lhara R M Oliveira
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Yasmin B F Moura
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra F Pereira
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, Brazil
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252
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Rodríguez-Cano AM, Medel-Canchola B, González-Ludlow I, Rodríguez-Hernández C, Reyes-Muñoz E, Schiffman-Selechnik E, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Perichart-Perera O. Nighttime eating during pregnancy and infant adiposity at 6 months of life. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1364722. [PMID: 39050138 PMCID: PMC11267826 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1364722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chrononutrition studies the relation between diet, circadian rhythms and metabolism, which may alter the metabolic intrauterine environment, influencing infant fat-mass (FM) development and possibly increasing obesity risk. Aim To evaluate the association of chrononutrition in pregnancy and infant FM at 6 months. Methods Healthy pregnant women and term-babies (n = 100pairs) from the OBESO cohort (2017-2023) were studied. Maternal registries included pregestational body-mass-index (BMI), gestational complications/medications, weight gain. Diet (three 24 h-recalls, 1 each trimester) and sleep-schedule (first and third trimesters) were evaluated computing fasting (hours from last-first meal), breakfast and dinner latencies (minutes between wake up-breakfast and dinner-sleep, respectively), number of main meals/day, meal skipping (≥1 main meal/d on three recalls) and nighttime eating (from 9:00 pm-5:59 am on three recalls). Neonatal weight, length, BMI/age were assessed. At 6 months, infant FM (kg, %; air-displacement plethysmography) was measured, and FM index (FMI-kgFM/length2) computed. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) was recorded. Multiple linear regression models evaluated the association between chrononutrition and 6 month infant FM. Results Mean fasting was 11.7 ± 1.3 h; breakfast, dinner latency were 87.3 ± 75.2, 99.6 ± 65.6 min, respectively. Average meals/day were 3.0 ± 0.5. Meal skipping was reported in 3% (n = 3) of women and nighttime eating in 35% (n = 35). Most neonates had normal BMI/age (88%, n = 88). Compared to those who did not, mothers engaged in nighttime-eating had infants with higher %FM (p = 0.019). Regression models (R 2 ≥ 0.308, p ≤ 0.001) showed that nighttime eating was positively associated with %FM (B: 2.7, 95%CI: 0.32-5.16). When analyzing women without complications/medications (n = 80), nighttime eating was associated with higher FM [%FM, B: 3.24 (95%CI: 0.59-5.88); kgFM, B: 0.20 (95%CI: 0.003-0.40); FMI, B: 0.54 (95%CI: 0.03-1.05)]. Infant sex and weight (6 months) were significant, while maternal obesity, pregnancy complications/medications, parity, energy intake, birth-BMI/age, and EBF were not. Conclusion Maternal nighttime eating is associated with higher adiposity in 6 month infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameyalli M. Rodríguez-Cano
- Nutrition and Bioprogramming Coordination, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Berenice Medel-Canchola
- Nutrition and Bioprogramming Coordination, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isabel González-Ludlow
- Nutrition and Bioprogramming Coordination, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carolina Rodríguez-Hernández
- Nutrition and Bioprogramming Coordination, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Reyes-Muñoz
- Gynecological and Perinatal Endocrinology Coordination, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Otilia Perichart-Perera
- Nutrition and Bioprogramming Coordination, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
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253
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Chandramouli A, Kamat SS. A Facile LC-MS Method for Profiling Cholesterol and Cholesteryl Esters in Mammalian Cells and Tissues. Biochemistry 2024. [PMID: 38986142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.4c00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Cholesterol is central to mammalian lipid metabolism and serves many critical functions in the regulation of diverse physiological processes. Dysregulation in cholesterol metabolism is causally linked to numerous human diseases, and therefore, in vivo, the concentrations and flux of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters (fatty acid esters of cholesterol) are tightly regulated. While mass spectrometry has been an analytical method of choice for detecting cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in biological samples, the hydrophobicity, chemically inert nature, and poor ionization of these neutral lipids have often proved a challenge in developing lipidomics compatible liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods to study them. To overcome this problem, here, we report a reverse-phase LC-MS method that is compatible with existing high-throughput lipidomics strategies and capable of identifying and quantifying cholesterol and cholesteryl esters from mammalian cells and tissues. Using this sensitive yet robust LC-MS method, we profiled different mammalian cell lines and tissues and provide a comprehensive picture of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters content in them. Specifically, among cholesteryl esters, we find that mammalian cells and tissues largely possess monounsaturated and polyunsaturated variants. Taken together, our lipidomics compatible LC-MS method to study this lipid class opens new avenues in understanding systemic and tissue-level cholesterol metabolism under various physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakash Chandramouli
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Siddhesh S Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
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254
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Burguera S, Sahu AK, Chávez Romero MJ, Biswal HS, Bauzá A. Manganese matere bonds in biological systems: PDB inspection and DFT calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:18606-18613. [PMID: 38919033 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01701c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
A Protein Data Bank (PDB) survey has revealed noncovalent contacts involving Mn centres and protein residues. Their geometrical features are in line with the interaction between low electron density sites located along the Mn-O/N coordination bonds (σ-holes) and the lone pairs belonging to TYR, SER or HIS residues, known as a matere bond (MaB). Calculations at the PBE0-D3/def2-TZVP level of theory were used to investigate the strength and shed light on the physical nature of the interaction. We expect the results presented herein will be useful for those scientists working in the fields of bioinorganic chemistry, particulary in protein-metal docking, by providing new insights into transition metal⋯Lewis base interactions as well as a retrospective point of view to further understand the structural and functional implications of this key transition metal ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Burguera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
| | - Akshay Kumar Sahu
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), PO-Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, Khurda, 752050, Bhubaneswar, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Michael Jordan Chávez Romero
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
| | - Himansu S Biswal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), PO-Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, Khurda, 752050, Bhubaneswar, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Antonio Bauzá
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
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255
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Gwon HJ, Chung YH, Lim DS, Cho W, Choi SW, Abd El-Aty AM, Song JH, Shin YK, Jeong JH, Jung TW. Uvaol ameliorates lipid deposition in hyperlipidemic hepatocytes by suppressing protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B/ER stress signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 730:150387. [PMID: 39002201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Uvaol (UV), a pentacyclic triterpene found in olives and virgin olive oil, is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various disease models. While olive oil is reported to reduce obesity and insulin resistance, the specific impact of UV on liver lipid metabolism and its molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, hepatic lipid accumulation was measured using oil red O staining, and protein expression levels in liver cells were assessed via Western blot analysis. Apoptosis was evaluated through cell viability and caspase 3 activity assays. UV treatment reduced lipid accumulation, fatty acid uptake, apoptosis, and ER stress in palmitate-treated liver cells. Additionally, UV enhanced fatty acid oxidation. Mechanistically, increased SIRT6 expression and autophagy were observed in UV-treated cells. SIRT6-targeted siRNA or 3-methyladenine blocked the effects of UV in hyperlipidemic cells. In conclusion, UV improves SIRT6/autophagy signaling, reducing lipid deposition and apoptosis in liver cells under high lipid conditions. This in vitro study provides strong evidence for potential therapeutic strategies for hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Ji Gwon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Chung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Su Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjun Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211, Giza, Egypt; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey.
| | - Jin-Ho Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Kyoo Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Woo Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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256
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Farhadnejad H, Saber N, Neshatbini Tehrani A, Kazemi Jahromi M, Mokhtari E, Norouzzadeh M, Teymoori F, Asghari G, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Herbal Products as Complementary or Alternative Medicine for the Management of Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Current Evidence Based on Findings of Interventional Studies. J Nutr Metab 2024; 2024:8300428. [PMID: 39021815 PMCID: PMC11254466 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8300428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is known as a major public health problem with a noticeable adverse impact on quality of life and health expenditures worldwide. Despite using routine multiple pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions, including diet therapy and increasing physical activity, controlling this chronic disease remains a challenging issue, and therapeutic goals are often not achieved. Therefore, recently, other therapeutic procedures, such as using herbal products and functional foods as complementary or alternative medicine (CAM), have received great attention as a new approach to managing T2D complications, according to the literature. We reviewed the existing evidence that supports using various fundamental medicinal herbs, including cinnamon, saffron, ginger, jujube, turmeric, and barberry, as CAM adjunctive therapeutic strategies for T2D patients. The current review addressed different aspects of the potential impact of the abovementioned herbal products in improving glycemic indices and lipid profiles, including the effect size reported in the studies, their effective dose, possible side effects, herbs-drug interactions, and their potential action mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Farhadnejad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research CenterResearch Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Saber
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research CenterResearch Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asal Neshatbini Tehrani
- Student Research CommitteeAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Allied Medical SciencesAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mitra Kazemi Jahromi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research CenterHormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mokhtari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research CenterResearch Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Norouzzadeh
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research CenterResearch Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthIran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Teymoori
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research CenterResearch Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthIran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golaleh Asghari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research CenterResearch Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community NutritionFaculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food TechnologyNational Nutrition and Food Technology Research InstituteShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research CenterResearch Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research CenterResearch Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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257
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Rahmel T, Effinger D, Bracht T, Griep L, Koos B, Sitek B, Hübner M, Hirschberger S, Basten J, Timmesfeld N, Adamzik M, Kreth S. An open-label, randomized controlled trial to assess a ketogenic diet in critically ill patients with sepsis. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadn9285. [PMID: 38985853 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adn9285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Patients with sepsis experience metabolic and immunologic dysfunction that may be amplified by standard carbohydrate-based nutrition. A ketogenic diet (KD) may offer an immunologically advantageous alternative, although clinical evidence is limited. We conducted a single-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial to assess whether a KD could induce stable ketosis in critically ill patients with sepsis. Secondary outcomes included assessment of feasibility and safety of KD, as well as explorative analysis of clinical and immunological characteristics. Forty critically ill adults were randomized to either a ketogenic or standard high-carbohydrate diet. Stable ketosis was achieved in all KD patients, with significant increases in β-hydroxybutyrate levels compared with controls [mean difference 1.4 milimoles per liter; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0 to 1.8; P < 0.001). No major adverse events or harmful metabolic side effects (acidosis, dysglycemia, or dyslipidemia) were observed. After day 4, none of the patients in the KD group required insulin treatment, whereas in the control group, insulin dependency ranged between 35% and 60% (P = 0.009). There were no differences in 30-day survival, but ventilation-free [incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.7; 95% CI: 1.5 to 2.1; P < 0.001], vasopressor-free (IRR 1.7; 95% CI: 1.5 to 2.0; P < 0.001), dialysis-free (IRR 1.5; 95% CI: 1.3 to 1.8; P < 0.001), and intensive care unit-free days (IRR 1.7; 95% CI: 1.4 to 2.1; P < 0.001) were higher in the ketogenic group. Next-generation sequencing of CD4+/CD8+ T cells and protein analyses showed reduced immune dysregulation, with decreased gene expression of T-cell activation and signaling markers and lower pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. This trial demonstrated the safe induction of a stable ketogenic state in sepsis, warranting larger trials to investigate potential benefits in sepsis-related organ dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Rahmel
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - David Effinger
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LMU University Hospital, 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Thilo Bracht
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Leonore Griep
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Björn Koos
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Barbara Sitek
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Max Hübner
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LMU University Hospital, 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Simon Hirschberger
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LMU University Hospital, 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Jale Basten
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry & Epidemiology, Ruhr-University of Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Nina Timmesfeld
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry & Epidemiology, Ruhr-University of Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Adamzik
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LMU University Hospital, 81377 Munich Germany
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258
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Su J, Yang X, Xu H, Pei Y, Liu QS, Zhou Q, Jiang G. Screening (ant)agonistic activities of xenobiotics on the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) using in vitro and in silico analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174717. [PMID: 38997027 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptors (RARs) are known as crucial endocrine receptors that could mediate a broad diversity of biological processes. However, the data on endocrine disrupting effects of emerging chemicals by targeting RAR (ant)agonism are far from sufficient. Herein, we investigated the RARα agonistic or antagonistic activities for 75 emerging chemicals of concern, and explored their interactions with this receptor. A recombinant two-hybrid yeast assay was used to examine the RARα activities of the test chemicals, wherein 7 showed effects of RARα agonism and 54 exerted potentials of RARα antagonism. The representative chemicals with RARα agonistic activities, i.e. 4-hydroxylphenol (4-HP) and bisphenol AF (BPAF), significantly increased the mRNA levels of CRABP2 and CYP26A1, while 4 select chemicals with RARα antagonistic potentials, including bisphenol A (BPA), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), and 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP), conversely decreased the transcriptional levels of the test genes. The in silico molecular docking analysis using 3 different approaches further confirmed the substantial binding between the chemicals with RARα activities and this nuclear receptor protein. This work highlights the promising strategy for screening endocrine-disrupting effects of emerging chemicals of concern by targeting RARα (ant)agonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Hanqing Xu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yao Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian S Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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259
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Lelis DF, Baldo TDOF, Andrade JMO, Griep RH, Bensenor I, Lotufo PA, Mill JG, Baldo MP. High triglyceride-glucose index and HOMA-IR are associated with different cardiometabolic profile in adults from the ELSA-Brasil study. Clin Biochem 2024; 131-132:110793. [PMID: 38996957 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2024.110793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Insulin resistance (IR) is a risk factor for several cardiometabolic disorders; however, there is conflicting evidence about the reliability of certain IR markers. In this context, the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) has been proposed as a surrogate marker for IR. This study aimed to compare the TyG index and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using baseline data from 11,314 adults (aged 35-74 years) from the ELSA-Brasil study. The correlation between TyG and HOMA-IR, their interrater reliability, and their predictive value in identifying metabolic syndrome (MetS) were assessed. The mean TyG and HOMA-IR in our sample were 8.81 ± 0.52 and 2.78 ± 1.58 for men, and 8.53 ± 0.48 and 2.49 ± 1.38 for women, respectively. TyG and HOMA-IR showed a weak to moderate correlation with each other (Pearson's r for men: 0.395 and 0.409 for women, p-value <0.05) and other markers of glycemic metabolism. Additionally, the area under the curve for the prediction of MetS was greater for TyG than HOMA-IR, regardless of sex (TyG: 0.836 for men and 0.826 for women; HOMA-IR: 0.775 for men and 0.787 for women). The concordance between these markers was low (Coheńs kappa coefficient: 0.307 for men and 0.306 for women). Individuals with increased TyG exhibited mainly anthropometrical and glycemic metabolic alterations, whereas those with elevated HOMA-IR displayed mostly lipid-associated metabolic alterations. CONCLUSION TyG and HOMA-IR might indicate different profiles of cardiometabolic disorders, showing poor agreement in classifying individuals (normal vs. altered) and a weak correlation. Therefore, further studies are needed to investigate the role of TyG as a surrogate marker of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah F Lelis
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CPC-LAMICC, Department of Pathophysiology, Montes Claros State University (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | - Thais de O F Baldo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CPC-LAMICC, Department of Pathophysiology, Montes Claros State University (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | - João M O Andrade
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CPC-LAMICC, Department of Pathophysiology, Montes Claros State University (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosane H Griep
- Laboratory of Health and Environment Education, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isabela Bensenor
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiologic Research, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo A Lotufo
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiologic Research, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José G Mill
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Marcelo P Baldo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CPC-LAMICC, Department of Pathophysiology, Montes Claros State University (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
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Sun Z, Peng X, Zhao L, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Wang L, Kang B. From tissue lesions to neurotoxicity: The devastating effects of small-sized nanoplastics on red drum Sciaenops ocellatus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:173238. [PMID: 38750760 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastic pollution typically exhibits more biotoxicity to marine organisms than microplastic pollution. Limited research exists on the toxic effects of small-sized nanoplastics on marine fish, especially regarding their post-exposure resilience. In this study, red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) were exposed to small-sized polystyrene nanoplastics (30 nm, PS-NPs) for 7 days for the exposure experiments, followed by 14 days of recovery experiments. Histologically, hepatic lipid droplets and branchial epithelial liftings were the primary lesions induced by PS-NPs during both exposure and recovery periods. The inhibition of total superoxide dismutase activity and the accumulation of malondialdehyde content throughout the exposure and recovery periods. Transcriptional and metabolic regulation revealed that PS-NPs induced lipid metabolism disorders and DNA damage during the initial 1-2 days of exposure periods, followed by immune responses and neurotoxicity in the later stages (4-7 days). During the early recovery stages (2-7 days), lipid metabolism and cell cycle were activated, while in the later recovery stage (14 days), the emphasis shifted to lipid metabolism and energy metabolism. Persistent histological lesions, changes in antioxidant capacity, and fluctuations in gene and metabolite expression were observed even after 14 days of recovery periods, highlighting the severe biotoxicity of small-sized PS-NPs to marine fish. In summary, small-sized PS-NPs have severe biotoxicity, causing tissue lesions, oxidative damage, lipid metabolism disorders, DNA damage, immune responses, and neurotoxicity in red drum. This study offers valuable insights into the toxic effects and resilience of small-sized nanoplastics on marine fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China; Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Marine Academy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 315613, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Ocean Space Resource Management Technology, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yugui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China; Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Linlong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China; Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China; Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China
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261
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Xue D, Jiang S, He H, Lametsch R, Zhang M, Li C. Hemoglobin Hydrolyzate Promotes Iron Absorption in the Small Intestine through Iron Binding Peptides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15237-15247. [PMID: 38935870 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Hemoglobin is an excellent source of iron supplements, and its hydrolyzate spontaneously binds iron during digestion and promotes iron absorption in vivo. However, the underlying mechanisms of what peptides bind and how they bind iron ions remain unclear. This study prepared the porcine hemoglobin hydrolyzate through enzymatic hydrolysis and acid treatment and investigated the mechanisms of hemoglobin hydrolyzate on iron absorption through the determination of iron levels in dietary intervention mice, iron binding site analyses, peptide digestion analyses, molecular simulation docking, and INT407 cell validation. The results showed that ingestion of the hemoglobin hydrolyzate diets increased iron levels in the blood of mice, accompanied by the upregulation of duodenal iron circulation-related genes such as ferritin, PCBP1, and HP. Carboxyl, imidazole groups, and aromatic amino acid residues were iron binding sites of hemoglobin hydrolyzate during digestion. VDEVGGEA and VDEVGGE were found to involve the spontaneous and efficient binding of hemoglobin hydrolyzate to iron ions in the intestinal cavity. In particular, the DEVGGE peptide was the typical sequence for hemoglobin hydrolytic peptides to exert iron binding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejiang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1#, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hui He
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1#, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - René Lametsch
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
| | - Miao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1#, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Chunbao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1#, Nanjing 210095, PR China
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262
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Das K, Roy K, Mráz J, Buřič M, Kouba A. Considerations for fatty acids in standardized reference diet for parthenogenetic marbled crayfish Procambarus virginalis model organism. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15933. [PMID: 38987279 PMCID: PMC11237046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66268-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid accumulation was studied in the parthenogenetic all-female marbled crayfish Procambarus virginalis using six arbitrarily designed experimental feeds and related to individuals with glair glands (sexual maturity) after 100 days of ad libitum feeding at 21 °C, including gravid females from the wild as a reference. Fatty acids 16:0 and 18:1n-9 comprised 40% of the total amount of fatty acids and tended to up-concentrate in bodies. Shorter chain 14:0 depleted from feed to body. Across diets, there was a concomitant decrease in precursor fatty acid and increase in product fatty acid, such as reinforcements in monounsaturated fatty acid (18:1n-9), eicosanoid precursors 20:4n-6 (arachidonic acid, ARA) and 20:5n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA) in-vivo, but not 22:6n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA) except when deficient in CHI or CHI + SPI diets. Saturation kinetics modeling (R2 0.7-0.9, p < 0.05) showed that when the ARA share is ~ 1%, the EPA share is ~ 8%, and the DHA share is ~ 2% in the food lipids, the accumulation of fatty acids in body lipids levels off. The lowest DHA in the CHI (0% glair glands) or CHI + SPI (0-3.9% glair glands) diets, and the lowest ARA in SER (0% glair glands) or SER + SPI (0-3% glair glands) diets, were synchronous with negligible sexual maturity despite a wide range of observed specific growth rates (2.77-3.60% per day), body size (0.44-0.84 g), ≤ 5% crude lipid and 40-46% crude protein feed. The FISH and SHRIMP diets (56% protein, 11-14% lipid) with the highest ARA, EPA, and DHA together seem to be the most conducive diets for sexual maturity (up to 20% of individuals with glair glands). We propose a fatty acid profile mimicking the FISH or SHRIMP diets as a starting point for designing the lipid content required in the marbled crayfish standardized reference diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Das
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Koushik Roy
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mráz
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Buřič
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Kouba
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
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263
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Srivastava N, Hu H, Peterson OJ, Vomund AN, Stremska M, Zaman M, Giri S, Li T, Lichti CF, Zakharov PN, Zhang B, Abumrad NA, Chen YG, Ravichandran KS, Unanue ER, Wan X. CXCL16-dependent scavenging of oxidized lipids by islet macrophages promotes differentiation of pathogenic CD8 + T cells in diabetic autoimmunity. Immunity 2024; 57:1629-1647.e8. [PMID: 38754432 PMCID: PMC11236520 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The pancreatic islet microenvironment is highly oxidative, rendering β cells vulnerable to autoinflammatory insults. Here, we examined the role of islet resident macrophages in the autoimmune attack that initiates type 1 diabetes. Islet macrophages highly expressed CXCL16, a chemokine and scavenger receptor for oxidized low-density lipoproteins (OxLDLs), regardless of autoimmune predisposition. Deletion of Cxcl16 in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice suppressed the development of autoimmune diabetes. Mechanistically, Cxcl16 deficiency impaired clearance of OxLDL by islet macrophages, leading to OxLDL accumulation in pancreatic islets and a substantial reduction in intra-islet transitory (Texint) CD8+ T cells displaying proliferative and effector signatures. Texint cells were vulnerable to oxidative stress and diminished by ferroptosis; PD-1 blockade rescued this population and reversed diabetes resistance in NOD.Cxcl16-/- mice. Thus, OxLDL scavenging in pancreatic islets inadvertently promotes differentiation of pathogenic CD8+ T cells, presenting a paradigm wherein tissue homeostasis processes can facilitate autoimmune pathogenesis in predisposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Srivastava
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Orion J Peterson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anthony N Vomund
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marta Stremska
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mohammad Zaman
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shilpi Giri
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tiandao Li
- Department of Developmental Biology, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cheryl F Lichti
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pavel N Zakharov
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nada A Abumrad
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kodi S Ravichandran
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; VIB/UGent Inflammation Research Centre and Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emil R Unanue
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Wan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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264
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Shi F, Xing Y, Niu Y, Cheng L, Xu Y, Li X, Ren L, Zong S, Tao J. Unveiling winter survival strategies: physiological and metabolic responses to cold stress of Monochamus saltuarius larvae during overwintering. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38979967 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monochamus saltuarius is a destructive trunk-borer of pine forest and an effective dispersal vector for pinewood nematode (PWN), a causative agent of pine wilt disease (PWD), which leads to major ecological disasters. Cold winter temperatures determine insect survival and distribution. However, little is known about the cold tolerance and potential physiological mechanisms of M. saltuarius. RESULTS We demonstrated that dead Pinus koraiensis trunks do not provide larvae with insulation. The M. saltuarius larvae are freeze-tolerant species. Unlike most other freeze-tolerant insects, they can actively freeze extracellular fluid at higher subzero temperatures by increasing their supercooling points. The main energy sources for larvae overwintering are glycogen and the mid-late switch to lipid. The water balance showed a decrease in free and an increase in bound water of small magnitude. Cold stress promoted lipid peroxidation, thus activating the antioxidant system to prevent cold-induced oxidative damage. We found eight main pathways linked to cold stress and 39 important metabolites, ten of which are cryoprotectants, including maltose, UDP-glucose, d-fructose 6P, galactinol, dulcitol, inositol, sorbitol, l-methionine, sarcosine, and d-proline. The M. saltuarius larvae engage in a dual respiration process involving both anaerobic and aerobic pathways when their bodily fluids freeze. Cysteine and methionine metabolism, as well as alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, are the most important pathways linked to antioxidation and energy production. CONCLUSIONS The implications of our findings may help strengthen and supplement the management strategies for monitoring, quarantine, and control of this pest, thereby contributing to controlling the further spread of PWD. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengming Shi
- State Key Laboratory to Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Xing
- State Key Laboratory to Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Niu
- State Key Laboratory to Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Cheng
- State Key Laboratory to Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yabei Xu
- State Key Laboratory to Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- State Key Laboratory to Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Ren
- State Key Laboratory to Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shixiang Zong
- State Key Laboratory to Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Tao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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265
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Wang J, Sui WN, Zhao YQ, Meng SY, Han WX, Ni J. Genetic evidence for the causal impact of insomnia on gastrointestinal diseases and the mediating effects of adiposity traits. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 38981855 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Insomnia has been implicated in gastrointestinal diseases (GIs), but the causal effect between insomnia and GIs and underlying mechanisms remain unknown. METHODS By using the released summary-level data, we conducted a two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the relationship between insomnia and four GIs and estimate the mediating role of candidate mediators. The first step was to investigate the causal association between insomnia and GIs using univariable MR analysis. The second step was to estimate the mediation proportion of selected mediators in these associations using multivariable MR analysis. Subsequently, results from different datasets were combined using the fixed-effect meta-analysis. RESULTS Univariable MR analysis provided strong evidence for the causal effects of insomnia on four GIs after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, including peptic ulcer disease (PUD) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% interval confidence [CI] = 1.10-1.20, P = 1.83 × 10-9), gastroesophageal reflux (GORD) (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.16-1.22, P = 5.95 × 10-42), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.15-1.22, P = 8.69 × 10-25), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.03-1.05, P = 3.46 × 10-3). In the mediation analysis, body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were selected as mediators in the association between insomnia and PUD (BMI: mediation proportion [95% CI]: 13.61% [7.64%-20.70%]; WHR: 8.74% [5.50%-12.44%]) and GORD (BMI: 11.82% [5.94%-18.74%]; WHR: 7.68% [4.73%-11.12%]). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that genetically instrumented insomnia has causal effects on PUD, GORD, IBS, and IBD, respectively. Adiposity traits partially mediated the associations between insomnia and GIs. Further clinical studies are warranted to evaluate the protective effect of insomnia treatment on GIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Wan-Nian Sui
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Shi-Yin Meng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Xiu Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
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266
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Xian M, Wang Q, Xiao L, Zhong L, Xiong W, Ye L, Su P, Zhang C, Li Y, Orlowski RZ, Zhan F, Ganguly S, Zu Y, Qian J, Yi Q. Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B1 (LILRB1) protects human multiple myeloma cells from ferroptosis by maintaining cholesterol homeostasis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5767. [PMID: 38982045 PMCID: PMC11233649 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. MM patients with aggressive progression have poor survival, emphasizing the urgent need for identifying new therapeutic targets. Here, we show that the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B1 (LILRB1), a transmembrane receptor conducting negative immune response, is a top-ranked gene associated with poor prognosis in MM patients. LILRB1 deficiency inhibits MM progression in vivo by enhancing the ferroptosis of MM cells. Mechanistic studies reveal that LILRB1 forms a complex with the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and LDLR adapter protein 1 (LDLRAP1) to facilitate LDL/cholesterol uptake. Loss of LILRB1 impairs cholesterol uptake but activates the de novo cholesterol synthesis pathway to maintain cellular cholesterol homeostasis, leading to the decrease of anti-ferroptotic metabolite squalene. Our study uncovers the function of LILRB1 in regulating cholesterol metabolism and protecting MM cells from ferroptosis, implicating LILRB1 as a promising therapeutic target for MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xian
- Center for Translational Research in Hematological Malignancies, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- Center for Translational Research in Hematological Malignancies, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Liuling Xiao
- Center for Translational Research in Hematological Malignancies, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ling Zhong
- Center for Translational Research in Hematological Malignancies, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wei Xiong
- Center for Translational Research in Hematological Malignancies, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lingqun Ye
- Center for Translational Research in Hematological Malignancies, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pan Su
- Center for Translational Research in Hematological Malignancies, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chuanchao Zhang
- Center for Translational Research in Hematological Malignancies, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yabo Li
- Center for Translational Research in Hematological Malignancies, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Robert Z Orlowski
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Fenghuang Zhan
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Siddhartha Ganguly
- Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Institute for Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jianfei Qian
- Center for Translational Research in Hematological Malignancies, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Qing Yi
- Center for Translational Research in Hematological Malignancies, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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267
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Min JH, Sarlus H, Harris RA. Copper toxicity and deficiency: the vicious cycle at the core of protein aggregation in ALS. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1408159. [PMID: 39050823 PMCID: PMC11267976 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1408159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of ALS involves many signs of a disruption in copper homeostasis, with both excess free levels and functional deficiency likely occurring simultaneously. This is crucial, as many important physiological functions are performed by cuproenzymes. While it is unsurprising that many ALS symptoms are related to signs of copper deficiency, resulting in vascular, antioxidant system and mitochondrial oxidative respiration deficiencies, there are also signs of copper toxicity such as ROS generation and enhanced protein aggregation. We discuss how copper also plays a key role in proteostasis and interacts either directly or indirectly with many of the key aggregate-prone proteins implicated in ALS, such as TDP-43, C9ORF72, SOD1 and FUS as well as the effect of their aggregation on copper homeostasis. We suggest that loss of cuproprotein function is at the core of ALS pathology, a condition that is driven by a combination of unbound copper and ROS that can either initiate and/or accelerate protein aggregation. This could trigger a positive feedback cycle whereby protein aggregates trigger the aggregation of other proteins in a chain reaction that eventually captures elements of the proteostatic mechanisms in place to counteract them. The end result is an abundance of aggregated non-functional cuproproteins and chaperones alongside depleted intracellular copper stores, resulting in a general lack of cuproenzyme function. We then discuss the possible aetiology of ALS and illustrate how strong risk factors including environmental toxins such as BMAA and heavy metals can functionally behave to promote protein aggregation and disturb copper metabolism that likely drives this vicious cycle in sporadic ALS. From this synthesis, we propose restoration of copper balance using copper delivery agents in combination with chaperones/chaperone mimetics, perhaps in conjunction with the neuroprotective amino acid serine, as a promising strategy in the treatment of this incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hong Min
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
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268
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Zhang N, Liu L, Lv X, Wang Y, Zhang W, Wen X, Yu F, Zhou T. TMAO Impairs Mouse Aortic Vasodilation by Inhibiting TRPV4 Channels in Endothelial Cells. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10543-5. [PMID: 38980653 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10543-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) is an intestinal flora metabolite associated with risk of cardiovascular diseases. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a Ca2+-permeable ion channel that is essential for vasodilation and endothelial function. Currently, there are few studies on the effect of TMAO on TRPV4 channels. In the present study, Ca2+ imaging of vascular tissue showed that TMAO inhibited TRPV4-mediated Ca2+ influx into aortic endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, a whole-cell patch clamp assay showed that TMAO blocked TRPV4-mediated cation currents. Notably, results of aortic vascular tension measurement showed that TMAO impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in mouse aortic vessels through the TRPV4-NO pathway. Our results indicated that TMAO inhibited Ca2+ entry in endothelial cells and impaired vasodilation through the TRPV4-NO pathway in mice. These results provide scientific evidence for novel pathogenic mechanisms underlying the role of TMAO in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Liangju Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaowang Lv
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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269
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Ribatti D. Microbiota and angiogenesis in the intestinal vasculature. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102466. [PMID: 38986346 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is responsible for several metabolic functions, producing various metabolites with numerous roles for the host. The gut microbiota plays a key role in constructing the microvascular network in the intestinal villus, depending on the Paneth cells, strategically positioned to coordinate the development of both the microbiota and the microvasculature. The gut microbiota secretes several molecules and chemokines involved in the induction of the secretion of pro-angiogenic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.
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270
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Kato-Suzuki M, Okamatsu-Ogura Y, Inanami O, Kimura K. Time-dependent changes in retinoids content in liver and adipose tissue after feeding of a vitamin A-deficient diet to mice. Exp Anim 2024; 73:302-309. [PMID: 38382988 PMCID: PMC11254491 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.23-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A is an important nutrient for multiple physiological functions. To elucidate the role of vitamin A in vivo, vitamin A-deficient diets have been often used in mice to establish a vitamin A-deficiency model. However, the information on the appropriate feeding periods and time course of changes in vitamin A content in organs after the start of vitamin A-deficient diet feeding is lacking. This study aimed to assess the retinoids levels in liver and white adipose tissue in mice fed a vitamin A-deficient diet for ≤8 weeks. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to measure the retinoids levels in liver and white adipose tissue every 2 weeks for ≤8 weeks. Vitamin A-deficient diet feeding significantly decreased retinol in the liver over 6 weeks, but retinyl palmitate, a main storage form of vitamin A, was not changed over 8 weeks. The plasma retinol level remained constant throughout the experiment. In white adipose tissue, retinyl palmitate gradually decreased over 8 weeks. These results indicate that vitamin A-deficient diet feeding longer than 6 weeks reduced retinol in liver and retinyl palmitate in white adipose tissue over 8 weeks, although it is not enough for the induction of a whole-body vitamin A deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Kato-Suzuki
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yuko Okamatsu-Ogura
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Osamu Inanami
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kimura
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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271
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Yue N, Jin Q, Li C, Zhang L, Cao J, Wu C. CD36: a promising therapeutic target in hematologic tumors. Leuk Lymphoma 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38982639 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2024.2376178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is a multiligand receptor with important roles in lipid metabolism, angiogenesis and innate immunity, and its diverse effects may depend on the binding of specific ligands in different contexts. CD36 is expressed not only on immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) but also on some hematopoietic cells. CD36 is associated with the growth, metastasis and drug resistance in some hematologic tumors, such as leukemia, lymphoma and myelodysplastic syndrome. Currently, some targeted therapeutic agents against CD36 have been developed, such as anti-CD36 antibodies, CD36 antagonists (small molecules) and CD36 expression inhibitors. This paper not only innovatively addresses the role of CD36 in some hematopoietic cells, such as erythrocytes, hematopoietic stem cells and platelets, but also pays special attention to the role of CD36 in the development of hematologic tumors, and suggests that CD36 may be a potential cancer therapeutic target in hematologic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Yue
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiqi Jin
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cuicui Li
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Litian Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Cao
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chongyang Wu
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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272
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Zhao S, Zhang Y, Bao S, Jiang L, Li Q, Kong Y, Cao J. A novel HMGA2/MPC-1/mTOR signaling pathway promotes cell growth via facilitating Cr (VI)-induced glycolysis. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 399:111141. [PMID: 38992767 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier 1 (MPC1) is localized on mitochondrial outer membrane to mediate the transport of pyruvate from cytosol to mitochondria. It is also well known to act as a tumor suppressor. Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) contamination poses a global challenge due to its high toxicity and carcinogenesis. This research was intended to probe the potential mechanism of MPC1 in the effect of Cr (VI)-induced carcinogenesis. First, Cr (VI)-treatments decreased the expression of MPC1 in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of MPC1 inhibited Cr (VI)-induced glycolysis and migration in A549 cells. Then, high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) protein strongly suppressed the transcription of MPC1 by binding to its promoter, and HMGA2/MPC1 axis played an important role in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), glycolysis and cell migration. Furthermore, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress made a great effect on the interaction between HMGA2 and MPC1. Finally, the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) was determined to mediate MPC1-regulated OXPHOS, aerobic glycolysis and cell migration. Collectively, our data revealed a novel HMGA2/MPC-1/mTOR signaling pathway to promote cell growth via facilitating the metabolism reprogramming from OXPHOS to aerobic glycolysis, which might be a potential therapy for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China; Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, No.18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Shibo Bao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China.
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273
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Imarisio A, Yahyavi I, Gasparri C, Hassan A, Avenali M, Di Maio A, Buongarzone G, Galandra C, Picascia M, Filosa A, Monti MC, Pacchetti C, Errico F, Rondanelli M, Usiello A, Valente EM. Serum dysregulation of serine and glycine metabolism as predictive biomarker for cognitive decline in frail elderly subjects. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:281. [PMID: 38982054 PMCID: PMC11233661 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02991-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a common age-related clinical syndrome characterized by a decline in the function of multiple organ systems, increased vulnerability to stressors, and a huge socio-economic burden. Despite recent research efforts, the physiopathological mechanisms underlying frailty remain elusive and biomarkers able to predate its occurrence in the early stages are still lacking. Beyond its physical component, cognitive decline represents a critical domain of frailty associated with higher risk of adverse health outcomes. We measured by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) a pool of serum amino acids including L-glutamate, L-aspartate, glycine, and D-serine, as well as their precursors L-glutamine, L-asparagine, and L-serine in a cohort of elderly subjects encompassing the entire continuum from fitness to frailty. These amino acids are known to orchestrate excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, and in turn, to play a key role as intermediates of energy homeostasis and in liver, kidney, muscle, and immune system metabolism. To comprehensively assess frailty, we employed both the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS), as a practical tool to capture the multidimensionality of frailty, and the frailty phenotype, as a measure of physical function. We found that D-serine and D-/Total serine ratio were independent predictors of EFS but not of physical frailty. Furthermore, higher levels of glycine, glycine/L-serine and D-/Total serine were associated with worse cognition and depressive symptoms in the frail group. These findings suggest that changes in peripheral glycine and serine enantiomers homeostasis may represent a novel biochemical correlate of frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Imarisio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Isar Yahyavi
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Amber Hassan
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Micol Avenali
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Di Maio
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Buongarzone
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Caterina Galandra
- Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Picascia
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Asia Filosa
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Monti
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudio Pacchetti
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Errico
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Portici, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Usiello
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy.
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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274
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Liu M, Hemba-Waduge RUS, Li X, Huang X, Liu TH, Han X, Wang Y, Ji JY. Wnt/Wingless signaling promotes lipid mobilization through signal-induced transcriptional repression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322066121. [PMID: 38968125 PMCID: PMC11252803 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322066121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/Wingless signaling pathway plays critical roles in metazoan development and energy metabolism, but its role in regulating lipid homeostasis remains not fully understood. Here, we report that the activation of canonical Wnt/Wg signaling promotes lipolysis while concurrently inhibiting lipogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation in both larval and adult adipocytes, as well as cultured S2R+ cells, in Drosophila. Using RNA-sequencing and CUT&RUN (Cleavage Under Targets & Release Using Nuclease) assays, we identified a set of Wnt target genes responsible for intracellular lipid homeostasis. Notably, active Wnt signaling directly represses the transcription of these genes, resulting in decreased de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation, but increased lipolysis. These changes lead to elevated free fatty acids and reduced triglyceride (TG) accumulation in adipocytes with active Wnt signaling. Conversely, downregulation of Wnt signaling in the fat body promotes TG accumulation in both larval and adult adipocytes. The attenuation of Wnt signaling also increases the expression of specific lipid metabolism-related genes in larval adipocytes, wing discs, and adult intestines. Taken together, these findings suggest that Wnt signaling-induced transcriptional repression plays an important role in regulating lipid homeostasis by enhancing lipolysis while simultaneously suppressing lipogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA70112
| | | | - Xiao Li
- Lewis-Sigler Institute of Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08540
| | - Xiahe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Tzu-Hao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA70112
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX78229
| | - Yingchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Jun-Yuan Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA70112
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275
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Suzuki S, Yokota T, Notsu A, Hamauchi S, Onozawa Y, Fushiki K, Oshima K, Kawakami T, Tsushima T, Yasui H, Ogawa H, Onoe T, Kawatani K, Yamazaki K. Impact of relative cisplatin dose to skeletal muscle mass on adverse events in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy. Oncologist 2024:oyae167. [PMID: 38979778 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyae167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with high-dose cisplatin (CDDP) is the standard treatment for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Although dosing is based on body surface area (BSA), some patients experience CDDP-related adverse events (AEs). We aimed to evaluate the impact of relative CDDP dose to skeletal muscle mass (SMM) on chemotherapy-associated AEs in patients with HNSCC undergoing CRT with high-dose CDDP. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data of patients who underwent CRT with high-dose CDDP (80-100 mg/m2, triweekly) between 2010 and 2023. SMM was measured as the cross-sectional muscle area at the third cervical vertebra (C3-SMM) using computed tomography; the skeletal muscle index (SMI) was defined as SMM normalized by squared height. The CDDP index was defined as the prescribed CDDP dose divided by SMI. CDDP-related AEs were assessed during the first cycle using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0. RESULTS Overall, 306 patients were identified. The CDDP index cutoff value best associated with grade ≥ 3 AEs was 10.312. Grade ≥ 3 hematological toxicities exhibited stronger association with high CDDP index value than with low CDDP index value (26.9% vs 16.3%, P = .033). Multivariate analysis revealed that high CDDP index value and creatinine clearance < 70 mL/minute were predictive factors for grade ≥ 3 AEs (odds ratio [OR] 2.55, P = .008; OR 3.68, P = .002, respectively). CONCLUSION The CDDP index based on C3-SMM was an independent predictive factor for grade ≥ 3 CDDP-related AEs. C3-SMM is potentially more useful than BSA for determining the optimal CDDP dose in patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Suzuki
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Yokota
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akifumi Notsu
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hamauchi
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Onozawa
- Division of Medical Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Fushiki
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kotoe Oshima
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawakami
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsushima
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yasui
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ogawa
- Division of Radiation and Proton Therapy Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Onoe
- Division of Radiation and Proton Therapy Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawatani
- Department of Diagnostic imaging, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamazaki
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
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276
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Kieronska-Rudek A, Kij A, Bar A, Kurpinska A, Mohaissen T, Grosicki M, Stojak M, Sternak M, Buczek E, Proniewski B, Kuś K, Suraj-Prazmowska J, Panek A, Pietrowska M, Zapotoczny S, Shanahan CM, Szabo C, Chlopicki S. Phylloquinone improves endothelial function, inhibits cellular senescence, and vascular inflammation. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01225-w. [PMID: 38980631 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01225-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Phylloquinon (PK) and menaquinones (MK) are both naturally occurring compounds belonging to vitamin K group. Present study aimed to comprehensively analyze the influence of PK in several models of vascular dysfunction to determine whether PK has vasoprotective properties, similar to those previously described for MK. Effects of PK and MK on endothelial dysfunction were studied in ApoE/LDLR-/- mice in vivo, in the isolated aorta incubated with TNF, and in vascular cells as regard inflammation and cell senescence (including replicative and stress-induced models of senescence). Moreover, the vascular conversion of exogenous vitamins to endogenous MK-4 was analyzed. PK, as well as MK, given for 8 weeks in diet (10 mg/kg) resulted in comparable improvement in endothelial function in the ApoE/LDLR-/- mice. Similarly, PK and MK prevented TNF-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in the isolated aorta. In in vitro studies in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, we identified that both PK and MK displayed anti-senescence effects via decreasing DNA damage while in endothelial cells anti-inflammatory activity was ascribed to the modulation of NFκB activation. The activity of PK and MK was comparable in terms of their effect on senescence and inflammation. Presence of endogenous synthesis of MK-4 from PK in aorta and endothelial and smooth muscle cells suggests a possible involvement of MK in vascular effects of PK. In conclusion, PK and MK display comparable vasoprotective effects, which may be ascribed, at least in part, to the inhibition of cell senescence and inflammation. The vasoprotective effect of PK in the vessel wall can be related to the direct effects of PK, as well as to the action of MK formed from PK in the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kieronska-Rudek
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Agnieszka Kij
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Bar
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Kurpinska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tasnim Mohaissen
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek Grosicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Stojak
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sternak
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Buczek
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Bartosz Proniewski
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Kuś
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Suraj-Prazmowska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Panek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Pietrowska
- Centre for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Szczepan Zapotoczny
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Catherine M Shanahan
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
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277
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Bangru S, Chen J, Baker N, Das D, Chembazhi UV, Derham JM, Chorghade S, Arif W, Alencastro F, Duncan AW, Carstens RP, Kalsotra A. ESRP2-microRNA-122 axis directs the postnatal onset of liver polyploidization and maturation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.06.602336. [PMID: 39026848 PMCID: PMC11257421 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.06.602336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocyte polyploidy and maturity are critical to acquiring specialized liver functions. Multiple intra- and extracellular factors influence ploidy, but how they cooperate temporally to steer liver polyploidization and maturation or how post-transcriptional mechanisms integrate into these paradigms is unknown. Here, we identified an important regulatory hierarchy in which postnatal activation of Epithelial-Splicing-Regulatory-Protein-2 (ESRP2) stimulates biogenesis of liver-specific microRNA (miR-122), thereby facilitating polyploidization, maturation, and functional competence of hepatocytes. By determining transcriptome-wide protein-RNA interactions in vivo and integrating them with single-cell and bulk hepatocyte RNA-seq datasets, we delineate an ESRP2-driven RNA processing program that drives sequential replacement of fetal-to-adult transcript isoforms. Specifically, ESRP2 binds the primary miR-122 host gene transcript to promote its processing/biogenesis. Combining constitutive and inducible ESRP2 gain- and loss-of-function mice models with miR-122 rescue experiments, we demonstrate that timed activation of ESRP2 augments miR-122-driven program of cytokinesis failure, ensuring proper onset and extent of hepatocyte polyploidization.
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278
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Wang Y, Chen H, Wang Y, Zhang H, Weng Q, Liu Y, Xu M. Seasonal changes in vitamin A metabolism-related factors in the oviduct of Chinese brown frog (Rana dybowskii). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 243:106583. [PMID: 38992392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The oviduct of the Chinese brown frog (Rana dybowskii) expands during pre-brumation rather than the breeding period, exhibiting a special physiological feature. Vitamin A is essential for the proper growth and development of many organisms, including the reproductive system such as ovary and oviduct. Vitamin A is metabolized into retinoic acid, which is crucial for oviduct formation. This study examined the relationship between oviducal expansion and vitamin A metabolism. We observed a significant increase in the weight and diameter of the oviduct in Rana dybowskii during pre-brumation. Vitamin A and its active metabolite, retinoic acid, notably increased during pre-brumation. The mRNA levels of retinol binding protein 4 (rbp4) and its receptor stra6 gene, involved in vitamin A transport, were elevated during pre-brumation compared to the breeding period. In the vitamin A metabolic pathway, the mRNA expression level of retinoic acid synthase aldh1a2 decreased significantly during pre-brumation, while the mRNA levels of retinoic acid α receptor (rarα) and the retinoic acid catabolic enzyme cyp26a1 increased significantly during pre-brumation, but not during the breeding period. Immunohistochemical results showed that Rbp4, Stra6, Aldh1a2, Rarα, and Cyp26a1 were expressed in ampulla region of the oviduct. Western blot results indicated that Aldh1a2 expression was lower, while Rbp4, Stra6, RARα, and Cyp26a1 were higher during pre-brumation compared to the breeding period. Transcriptome analyses further identified differential genes in the oviduct and found enrichment of differential genes in the vitamin A metabolism pathway, providing evidences for our study. These results suggest that the vitamin A metabolic pathway is more active during pre-brumation compared to the breeding period, and retinoic acid may regulate pre-brumation oviductal expansion through Rarα-mediated autocrine/paracrine modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankun Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Haohan Chen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Haolin Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Weng
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuning Liu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
| | - Meiyu Xu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
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279
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Li L, Pan L, Lin Z, Wen J, Tan B, Liu H, Hu Y. Metformin improves insulin resistance, liver healthy and abnormal hepatic glucolipid metabolism via IR/PI 3K/AKT pathway in Ctenopharyngodon idella fed a high-carbohydrate diet. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 283:109976. [PMID: 38987002 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The effects and underlying mechanisms of metformin which can improve glucose homeostasis of fish have rarely been explored. This experiment aimed to explore the influence of metformin on growth performance, body composition, liver health, hepatic glucolipid metabolic capacity and IR/PI3K/AKT pathway in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed high-carbohydrate diets. A normal diet (Control) and high carbohydrate diets with metformin supplementation (0.00 %, 0.20 %, 0.40 %, 0.60 % and 0.80 %) were configured. Six groups of healthy fish were fed with the experimental diet for eight weeks. The results showed that the growth performance of grass carp was impaired in high carbohydrate diet. Impairment of IR/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway reduced insulin sensitivity, while hepatic oxidative stress damage and decreased immunity affected liver metabolic function. The glycolysis and lipolysis decrease while the gluconeogenesis and fat synthesis increase, which triggers hyperglycaemia and lipid deposition in the body. Metformin supplementation restored the growth performance of grass carp. Metformin improved IR/PI3K/AKT pathway signalling and alleviated insulin resistance, while liver antioxidant capacity and immunity were enhanced resulting in the restoration of liver health. The elevation of glycolysis and lipolysis maintains glycaemic homeostasis and reduces lipid deposition, respectively. These results suggest that metformin supplementation restores liver health and activates the IR/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, ameliorating insulin resistance and glucose-lipid metabolism disorders caused by a high-carbohydrate diet. As judged by HOMA-IR, the optimum supplementation level of metformin in grass carp (C. idella) fed a high-carbohydrate diet is 0.67 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixian Li
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Ling Pan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Zhanjiang Experimental Station, CATAS. Zhanjiang 524013, PR China
| | - Zhixuan Lin
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Jiasheng Wen
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China.
| | - Yi Hu
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Distinctive Aquatic Resource, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
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280
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Woldetsadik D, Sims DB, Herrera Huerta E, Nelson T, Garner MC, Monk J, Hudson AC, Schlick K. Elemental profile of wheat in the las vegas market: Geographic origin discrimination and probabilistic health risk assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 191:114862. [PMID: 38986833 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates concentrations of toxic and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in organic and conventional wheat flour and grains marketed in Las Vegas. Geographic origins of the samples were evaluated using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). Monte Carlo Simulation technique was also employed to evaluate non-carcinogenic risk in four life stages. Concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, and Zn were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) following hot block-assisted digestion. Obtained results showed non-significant differences in contents of toxic and PTEs between conventional and organic wheat grains/flour. Using LDA, metal (loid)s were found to be indicative of geographical origin. The LDA produced a total correct classification rate of 95.8% and 100% for US and West Pacific Region samples, respectively. The results of the present study indicate that the estimated non-carcinogenic risk associated with toxic element intakes across the four life stages were far lower than the threshold value (Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) > 1). However, the probability of exceeding the threshold value for Mn is approximately 32% in children aged between 5 and 8 years. The findings of this study can aid in understanding dietary Mn exposure in children in Las Vegas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Joshua Monk
- College of Southern Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
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281
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Kishi S, Kadoya H, Kashihara N. Treatment of chronic kidney disease in older populations. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024:10.1038/s41581-024-00854-w. [PMID: 38977884 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-024-00854-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
As the world population ages, an expected increase in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among older individuals will pose a considerable challenge for health care systems in terms of resource allocation for disease management. Treatment strategies for older patients with CKD should ideally align with those applied to the general population, focusing on minimizing cardiovascular events and reducing the risk of progression to kidney failure. Emerging therapies, such as SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists, hold promise for the effective management of CKD in older individuals. In addition, non-pharmacological interventions such as nutritional and exercise therapies have a crucial role. These interventions enhance the effects of pharmacotherapy and, importantly, contribute to the maintenance of cognitive function and overall quality of life. Various factors beyond age and cognitive function must be taken into account when considering kidney replacement therapy for patients with kidney failure. Importantly, all treatment options, including dialysis, transplantation and conservative management approaches, should be tailored to the individual through patient-centred decision-making. The dynamic integration of digital technologies into medical practice has the potential to transform the management of CKD in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Kishi
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kadoya
- Department of General Geriatric Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Naoki Kashihara
- Department of Medical Science, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.
- Kawasaki Geriatric Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan.
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282
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Kim HY, Jang HJ, Muthamil S, Shin UC, Lyu JH, Kim SW, Go Y, Park SH, Lee HG, Park JH. Novel insights into regulators and functional modulators of adipogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117073. [PMID: 38981239 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipogenesis is a process that differentiates new adipocytes from precursor cells and is tightly regulated by several factors, including many transcription factors and various post-translational modifications. Recently, new roles of adipogenesis have been suggested in various diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms and functional modulation of these adipogenic genes remain poorly understood. This review summarizes the regulatory factors and modulators of adipogenesis and discusses future research directions to identify novel mechanisms regulating adipogenesis and the effects of adipogenic regulators in pathological conditions. The master adipogenic transcriptional factors PPARγ and C/EBPα were identified along with other crucial regulatory factors such as SREBP, Kroxs, STAT5, Wnt, FOXO1, SWI/SNF, KLFs, and PARPs. These transcriptional factors regulate adipogenesis through specific mechanisms, depending on the adipogenic stage. However, further studies related to the in vivo role of newly discovered adipogenic regulators and their function in various diseases are needed to develop new potent therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Yong Kim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea; New Drug Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, 123, Osongsaengmyeong-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28160, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jun Jang
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea; Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Subramanian Muthamil
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ung Cheol Shin
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Hyo Lyu
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seon-Wook Kim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Younghoon Go
- Korean Medicine (KM)-application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong-Hoon Park
- Genetic and Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee Gu Lee
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Hong Park
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), KIOM campus, Korean Convergence Medicine Major, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
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283
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Lara-Reséndiz RA, Sánchez JM, Paez RS, Muñiz-Leão S, Colli GR, Miles DB, Sinervo B, Pelegrin N. Hot, dry, and salty: The present and future of an Extremophile model lizard from Argentina. J Therm Biol 2024; 123:103917. [PMID: 38991264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Global warming poses a threat to lizard populations by raising ambient temperatures above historical norms and reducing thermoregulation opportunities. Whereas the reptile fauna of desert systems is relatively well studied, the lizard fauna of saline environments has not received much attention and-to our knowledge-thermal ecology and the effects of global warming on lizards from saline environments have not been yet addressed. This pioneer study investigates the thermal ecology, locomotor performance and potential effects of climate warming on Liolaemus ditadai, a lizard endemic to one of the largest salt flats on Earth. We sampled L. ditadai using traps and active searches along its known distribution, as well as in other areas within Salinas Grandes and Salinas de Ambargasta, where the species had not been previously recorded. Using ensemble models (GAM, MARS, RandomForest), we modeled climatically suitable habitats for L. ditadai in the present and under a pessimistic future scenario (SSP585, 2070). L. ditadai emerges as an efficient thermoregulator, tolerating temperatures near its upper thermal limits. Our ecophysiological model suggests that available activity hours predict its distribution, and the projected temperature increase due to global climate change should minimally impact its persistence or may even have a positive effect on suitable thermal habitat. However, this theoretical increase in habitat could be linked to the distribution of halophilous scrub in the future. Our surveys reveal widespread distribution along the borders of Salinas Grandes and Salinas de Ambargasta, suggesting a potential presence along the entire border of both salt plains wherever halophytic vegetation exists. Optimistic model results, extended distribution, and no evidence of flood-related adverse effects offer insights into assessing the conservation status of L. ditadai, making it and the Salinas Grandes system suitable models for studying lizard ecophysiology in largely unknown saline environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael A Lara-Reséndiz
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada, Rondeau 798, X5000AVP, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Rondeau 798, X5000AVP, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 85000, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, Mexico; Laboratorio Nacional Conahcyt de Biología del Cambio Climático, Mexico
| | - José M Sánchez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada, Rondeau 798, X5000AVP, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Rondeau 798, X5000AVP, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Romina S Paez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada, Rondeau 798, X5000AVP, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Suelem Muñiz-Leão
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada, Rondeau 798, X5000AVP, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Rondeau 798, X5000AVP, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Guarino R Colli
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Donald B Miles
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Barry Sinervo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Nicolás Pelegrin
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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284
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Bakht MK, Beltran H. Biological determinants of PSMA expression, regulation and heterogeneity in prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2024:10.1038/s41585-024-00900-z. [PMID: 38977769 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-024-00900-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an important cell-surface imaging biomarker and therapeutic target in prostate cancer. The PSMA-targeted theranostic 177Lu-PSMA-617 was approved in 2022 for men with PSMA-PET-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, not all patients respond to PSMA-radioligand therapy, in part owing to the heterogeneity of PSMA expression in the tumour. The PSMA regulatory network is composed of a PSMA transcription complex, an upstream enhancer that loops to the FOLH1 (PSMA) gene promoter, intergenic enhancers and differentially methylated regions. Our understanding of the PSMA regulatory network and the mechanisms underlying PSMA suppression is evolving. Clinically, molecular imaging provides a unique window into PSMA dynamics that occur on therapy and with disease progression, although challenges arise owing to the limited resolution of PET. PSMA regulation and heterogeneity - including intertumoural and inter-patient heterogeneity, temporal changes, lineage dynamics and the tumour microenvironment - affect PSMA theranostics. PSMA response and resistance to radioligand therapy are mediated by a number of potential mechanisms, and complementary biomarkers beyond PSMA are under development. Understanding the biological determinants of cell surface target regulation and heterogeneity can inform precision medicine approaches to PSMA theranostics as well as other emerging therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin K Bakht
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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285
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van der Veer BK, Chen L, Tsaniras SC, Brangers W, Chen Q, Schroiff M, Custers C, Kwak HH, Khoueiry R, Cabrera R, Gross SS, Finnell RH, Lei Y, Koh KP. Epigenetic regulation by TET1 in gene-environmental interactions influencing susceptibility to congenital malformations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.21.581196. [PMID: 39026762 PMCID: PMC11257484 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.21.581196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The etiology of neural tube defects (NTDs) involves complex gene-environmental interactions. Folic acid (FA) prevents NTDs, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood and at least 30% of human NTDs resist the beneficial effects of FA supplementation. Here, we identify the DNA demethylase TET1 as a nexus of folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism and genetic risk factors post-neural tube closure. We determine that cranial NTDs in Tet1 -/- embryos occur at two to three times higher penetrance in genetically heterogeneous than in homogeneous genetic backgrounds, suggesting a strong impact of genetic modifiers on phenotypic expression. Quantitative trait locus mapping identified a strong NTD risk locus in the 129S6 strain, which harbors missense and modifier variants at genes implicated in intracellular endocytic trafficking and developmental signaling. NTDs across Tet1 -/- strains are resistant to FA supplementation. However, both excess and depleted maternal FA diets modify the impact of Tet1 loss on offspring DNA methylation primarily at neurodevelopmental loci. FA deficiency reveals susceptibility to NTD and other structural brain defects due to haploinsufficiency of Tet1. In contrast, excess FA in Tet1 -/- embryos drives promoter DNA hypermethylation and reduced expression of multiple membrane solute transporters, including a FA transporter, accompanied by loss of phospholipid metabolites. Overall, our study unravels interactions between modified maternal FA status, Tet1 gene dosage and genetic backgrounds that impact neurotransmitter functions, cellular methylation and individual susceptibilities to congenital malformations, further implicating that epigenetic dysregulation may underlie NTDs resistant to FA supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard K. van der Veer
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Lehua Chen
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Spyridon Champeris Tsaniras
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Wannes Brangers
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Qiuying Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mariana Schroiff
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Colin Custers
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Harm H.M. Kwak
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Rita Khoueiry
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Robert Cabrera
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Steven S. Gross
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Richard H. Finnell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yunping Lei
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kian Peng Koh
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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286
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Gheorghe AM, Ciobica ML, Nistor C, Gurzun MM, Sandulescu BA, Stanciu M, Popa FL, Carsote M. Inquiry of the Metabolic Traits in Relationship with Daily Magnesium Intake: Focus on Type 2 Diabetic Population. Clin Pract 2024; 14:1319-1347. [PMID: 39051301 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14040107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg), an essential nutrient with a wide area of physiological roles, stands as a cofactor in over 600 enzymatic reactions involved in the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids, DNA repair, neuromuscular functions, neuronal transmission, cardiac rhythm regulation, and the modulation of metabolic pathways, as well as acting as a natural blocker for the calcium channels. Our objective was to highlight the most recent clinical data with respect to daily Mg intake (DMI) and metabolic traits, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). This was a PubMed-based review of the English-language medical papers across different key terms of search; the time frame was from January 2019 until April 2024. We included (clinically relevant) original studies and excluded cases reports, series, reviews, editorials, opinion, experimental studies, and non-human data as well as studies that did not specifically assessed DMI and only provided assays of serum Mg, studies on patients diagnosed with type 1 or secondary DM. A total of 30 studies were included and we organized the key findings into several sections as follows. Studies investigating DMI in relationship with the adherence to local recommendations in diabetic subjects (n = 2, one transversal and another retrospective cohort; N = 2823) found that most of them had lower DMI. Deficient DMI was correlated with the risk of developing/having DM across five studies (n = 5, one prospective and four of cross-sectional design; N = 47,166). An inverse correlation between DMI and DM prevalence was identified, but these data are presented amid a rather heterogeneous spectrum. Four novel studies (N = 7279) analysed the relationship between DMI and DM control according to various methods (HbA1c, fasting and postprandial glycaemia, and insulin); the association may be linear in diabetic subjects only at certain levels of DMI; additionally, the multifactorial influence on HBA1c should take into consideration this dietary determinant, as well, but there are no homogenous results. Three studies concerning DMI and diabetic complications (one cross-sectional, one prospective, and another case-control study) in terms of retinopathy (n = 1, N = 3794) and nephropathy (n = 2, N = 4805) suggested a lower DMI was associated with a higher risk of such complications. Additionally, two other studies (one prospective and one retrospective cohort) focused on mortality (N = 6744), which, taking only certain mortality indicators into consideration, might be decreased in the subgroups with a higher DMI. Seven studies (N = 30,610) analysed the perspective of DMI in the general population with the endpoint of different features amid glucose profile, particularly, insulin resistance. Concerning HOMA-IR, there were three confirmatory studies and one non-confirmatory, while fasting plasma glucose was highlighted as inversely correlated with a DMI (n = 1). The highest level of evidence regarding Mg supplementation effects on glucose metabolism stands on seven randomised controlled trials (N = 350). However, the sample size was reduced (from 14 to 86 individuals per study, either diabetic or pre-diabetic) and outcomes were rather discordant. These clinical aspects are essential from a multidisciplinary perspective and further trials are mandatory to address the current areas of discordant results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Gheorghe
- PhD Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, "C.I. Parhon" National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai-Lucian Ciobica
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Rheumatology, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Claudiu Nistor
- Department 4-Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Thoracic Surgery II Discipline, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Thoracic Surgery Department, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria-Magdalena Gurzun
- Cardiology Discipline, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Laboratory of Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Exploration, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bianca-Andreea Sandulescu
- PhD Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Rheumatology, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Stanciu
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Florina Ligia Popa
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Mara Carsote
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, "C.I. Parhon" National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Endocrinology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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287
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Cao M, Yang F, McClements DJ, Guo Y, Liu R, Chang M, Wei W, Jin J, Wang X. Impact of dietary n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio of atherosclerosis risk: A review. Prog Lipid Res 2024; 95:101289. [PMID: 38986846 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2024.101289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a causative factor associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Over the past few decades, extensive research has been carried out on the relationship between the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio of ingested lipids and the progression of atherosclerosis. However, there are still many uncertainties regarding the precise nature of this relationship, which has led to challenges in providing sound dietary advice to the general public. There is therefore a pressing need to review our current understanding of the relationship between the dietary n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio and atherosclerosis, and to summarize the underlying factors contributing to the current uncertainties. Initially, this article reviews the association between the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio and CVDs in different countries. A summary of the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio on atherosclerosis is then given, including inflammatory responses, lipid metabolism, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol oxidation, and vascular function. Possible reasons behind the current controversies on the relationship between the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio and atherosclerosis are then provided, including the precise molecular structures of the fatty acids, diet-gene interactions, the role of fat-soluble phytochemicals, and the impact of other nutritional factors. An important objective of this article is to highlight areas where further research is needed to clarify the role of n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio on atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Fangwei Yang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No.159 Longpan Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Yiwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ruijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ming Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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288
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Tattersall JK, Peiris MS, Arai M, McCully K, Pearce N, Rayman MP, Stergiadis S, Bath SC. Variation in milk‑iodine concentration around the world: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the difference between season and dairy-production system. Food Chem 2024; 459:140388. [PMID: 39033567 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production. Milk and dairy products are important sources of iodine in many countries. We aimed to review systematically the variation in milk‑iodine concentration between countries, seasons and farming practice. We searched online food composition tables and published literature for data since 2006. Milk‑iodine concentration was available for 34 countries (from 66 sources) and ranged from 5.5 to 49.9 μg/100 g (median 17.3 μg/100 g). Meta-analyses identified that iodine concentration is significantly higher in: (i) winter than summer milk (mean difference 5.97 μg/100 g; p = 0.001), and (ii) in conventional than in organic milk (mean difference 6.00 μg/100 g; p < 0.0001). Sub-group analysis showed that the difference between organic and conventional milk was only significant in summer (p = 0.0003). The seasonal variation in milk‑iodine concentration may affect iodine intake and status so should be considered in dietary surveys, and when assessing population iodine status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne K Tattersall
- Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Manishka S Peiris
- Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Maika Arai
- Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Katherine McCully
- Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Neeve Pearce
- Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Margaret P Rayman
- Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Sokratis Stergiadis
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Reading PO Box 237, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6EU, UK
| | - Sarah C Bath
- Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
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289
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Mokhtari M, Amiri P, Miller D, Gresham D, Bloor SJ, Munkacsi AB. Chemical genomic analysis reveals the interplay between iron chelation, zinc homeostasis, and retromer function in the bioactivity of an ethanol adduct of the feijoa fruit-derived ellagitannin vescalagin. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2024; 14:jkae098. [PMID: 38805688 PMCID: PMC11228861 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkae098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Nature has been a rich source of pharmaceutical compounds, producing 80% of our currently prescribed drugs. The feijoa plant, Acca sellowiana, is classified in the family Myrtaceae, native to South America, and currently grown worldwide to produce feijoa fruit. Feijoa is a rich source of bioactive compounds with anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal activities; however, the mechanism of action of these compounds is largely not known. Here, we used chemical genetic analyses in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae to investigate the mechanism of action of a feijoa-derived ethanol adduct of vescalagin (EtOH-vescalagin). Genome-wide barcode sequencing analysis revealed yeast strains lacking genes in iron metabolism, zinc metabolism, retromer function, or mitochondrial function were hypersensitive to 0.3 µM EtOH-vescalagin. This treatment increased expression of iron uptake proteins at the plasma membrane, which was a compensatory response to reduced intracellular iron. Likewise, EtOH-vescalagin increased expression of the Cot1 protein in the vacuolar membrane that transports zinc into the vacuole to prevent cytoplasmic accumulation of zinc. Each individual subunit in the retromer complex was required for the iron homeostatic mechanism of EtOH-vescalagin, while only the cargo recognition component in the retromer complex was required for the zinc homeostatic mechanism. Overexpression of either retromer subunits or high-affinity iron transporters suppressed EtOH-vescalagin bioactivity in a zinc-replete condition, while overexpression of only retromer subunits increased EtOH-vescalagin bioactivity in a zinc-deficient condition. Together, these results indicate that EtOH-vescalagin bioactivity begins with extracellular iron chelation and proceeds with intracellular transport of zinc via the retromer complex. More broadly, this is the first report of a bioactive compound to further characterize the poorly understood interaction between zinc metabolism and retromer function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mokhtari
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Pegah Amiri
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Darach Miller
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Biology, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - David Gresham
- Department of Biology, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | | | - Andrew B Munkacsi
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
- Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
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290
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Lehmann J, Günzel Y, Khosravian M, Cassau S, Kraus S, Libnow JS, Chang H, Hansson BS, Breer H, Couzin-Fuchs E, Fleischer J, Krieger J. SNMP1 is critical for sensitive detection of the desert locust aromatic courtship inhibition pheromone phenylacetonitrile. BMC Biol 2024; 22:150. [PMID: 38973001 PMCID: PMC11229289 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01941-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate detection of pheromones is crucial for chemical communication and reproduction in insects. In holometabolous flies and moths, the sensory neuron membrane protein 1 (SNMP1) is essential for detecting long-chain aliphatic pheromones by olfactory neurons. However, its function in hemimetabolous insects and its role for detecting pheromones of a different chemical nature remain elusive. Therefore, we investigated the relevance of SNMP1 for pheromone detection in a hemimetabolous insect pest of considerable economic importance, the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria, which moreover employs the aromatic pheromone phenylacetonitrile (PAN) to govern reproductive behaviors. RESULTS Employing CRISPR/Cas-mediated gene editing, a mutant locust line lacking functional SNMP1 was established. In electroantennography experiments and single sensillum recordings, we found significantly decreased electrical responses to PAN in SNMP1-deficient (SNMP1-/-) locusts. Moreover, calcium imaging in the antennal lobe of the brain revealed a substantially reduced activation of projection neurons in SNMP1-/- individuals upon exposure to PAN, indicating that the diminished antennal responsiveness to PAN in mutants affects pheromone-evoked neuronal activity in the brain. Furthermore, in behavioral experiments, PAN-induced effects on pairing and mate choice were altered in SNMP1-/- locusts. CONCLUSIONS Our findings emphasize the importance of SNMP1 for chemical communication in a hemimetabolous insect pest. Moreover, they show that SNMP1 plays a crucial role in pheromone detection that goes beyond long-chain aliphatic substances and includes aromatic compounds controlling reproductive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris Lehmann
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology/Zoology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Yannick Günzel
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Department of Collective Behavior, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Quantitative Behavior, Ecology and Evolution From Lab to Field, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Maryam Khosravian
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology/Zoology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sina Cassau
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology/Zoology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Susanne Kraus
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Johanna S Libnow
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology/Zoology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hetan Chang
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Synthetic Biology Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bill S Hansson
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Heinz Breer
- Department of Physiology (190V), Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Einat Couzin-Fuchs
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Department of Collective Behavior, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Joerg Fleischer
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology/Zoology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Jürgen Krieger
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology/Zoology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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291
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Padamsey Z, Katsanevaki D, Maeso P, Rizzi M, Osterweil EE, Rochefort NL. Sex-specific resilience of neocortex to food restriction. eLife 2024; 12:RP93052. [PMID: 38976495 PMCID: PMC11230624 DOI: 10.7554/elife.93052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammals have evolved sex-specific adaptations to reduce energy usage in times of food scarcity. These adaptations are well described for peripheral tissue, though much less is known about how the energy-expensive brain adapts to food restriction, and how such adaptations differ across the sexes. Here, we examined how food restriction impacts energy usage and function in the primary visual cortex (V1) of adult male and female mice. Molecular analysis and RNA sequencing in V1 revealed that in males, but not in females, food restriction significantly modulated canonical, energy-regulating pathways, including pathways associated waith AMP-activated protein kinase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, mammalian target of rapamycin, and oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, we found that in contrast to males, food restriction in females did not significantly affect V1 ATP usage or visual coding precision (assessed by orientation selectivity). Decreased serum leptin is known to be necessary for triggering energy-saving changes in V1 during food restriction. Consistent with this, we found significantly decreased serum leptin in food-restricted males but no significant change in food-restricted females. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that cortical function and energy usage in female mice are more resilient to food restriction than in males. The neocortex, therefore, contributes to sex-specific, energy-saving adaptations in response to food restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Padamsey
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Danai Katsanevaki
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Patricia Maeso
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Manuela Rizzi
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Emily E Osterweil
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, F.M. Kirby Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Nathalie L Rochefort
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
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292
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Choi S, Ofosu-Boateng M, Kim S, Nnamani DO, Mah'moud M, Neequaye P, Gebreyesus LH, Twum E, Gonzalez FJ, Yue Cui J, Gyamfi MA. Molecular targets of PXR-dependent ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in female mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116416. [PMID: 38986717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2), a xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptor signaling potentiates ethanol (EtOH)-induced hepatotoxicity in male mice, however, how PXR signaling modulates EtOH-induced hepatotoxicity in female mice is unknown. Wild type (WT) and Pxr-null mice received 5 % EtOH-containing diets or paired-fed control diets for 8 weeks followed by assessment of liver injury, EtOH elimination rates, histology, and changes in gene and protein expression; microarray and bioinformatic analyses were also employed to identify PXR targets in chronic EtOH-induced hepatotoxicity. In WT females, EtOH ingestion significantly increased serum ethanol and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, hepatic Pxr mRNA, constitutive androstane receptor activation, Cyp2b10 mRNA and protein, oxidative stress, endoplasmic stress (phospho-elF2α) and pro-apoptotic (Bax) protein expression. Unexpectedly, EtOH-fed female Pxr-null mice displayed increased EtOH elimination and elevated levels of hepatic acetaldehyde detoxifying aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a1 (Aldh1a1) mRNA and protein, EtOH-metabolizing alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1), and lipid suppressing microsomal triglyceride transport protein (MTP) protein, aldo-keto reductase 1b7 (Akr1b7) and Cyp2a5 mRNA, but suppressed CYP2B10 protein levels, with evidence of protection against chronic EtOH-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity. While liver injury was not different between the two WT sexes, female sex may suppress EtOH-induced macrovesicular steatosis in the liver. Several genes and pathways important in retinol and steroid hormone biosynthesis, chemical carcinogenesis, and arachidonic acid metabolism were upregulated by EtOH in a PXR-dependent manner in both sexes. Together, these data establish that female Pxr-null mice are resistant to chronic EtOH-induced hepatotoxicity and unravel the PXR-dependent and -independent mechanisms that contribute to EtOH-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sora Choi
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Malvin Ofosu-Boateng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163 USA
| | - Sarah Kim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Daniel O Nnamani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163 USA
| | - Mia Mah'moud
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Prince Neequaye
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Lidya H Gebreyesus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163 USA
| | - Elizabeth Twum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163 USA
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 3106, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Maxwell A Gyamfi
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163 USA.
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293
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Liu Y, Zhou C, Shen R, Wang A, Zhang T, Cao Z. Dietary folate intake and serum klotho levels in adults aged 40-79 years: a cross-sectional study from the national health and nutrition examination survey 2007-2016. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1420087. [PMID: 39040924 PMCID: PMC11260802 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1420087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to explore the relationship between dietary folate intake and serum Klotho levels in adults from aged 40 to 79 years in the United States, seeking to elucidate the intricacies of their interaction. Methods Analyzing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2007 to 2016. The survey research determined folate intake through a 24-h dietary recall and nutrient density modeling, and assessed Klotho levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship between folate intake and Klotho levels was evaluated using weighted linear regression, and complemented by analysis via smoothed curve models for nuanced understanding. Results The study encompassed 10,278 participants, with an average age of 57.64 years, revealing a noteworthy positive correlation between dietary folate and serum Klotho levels. The regression coefficient stood at 0.11 (95% confidence interval, 0.05, 0.18) post-adjustment for various covariates. When dietary folate intake was categorized into quartiles, the second, third, and fourth quartiles exhibited statistically significant differences compared to the lowest quartile. This indicates that higher folate intake correlates with increased serum Klotho levels. These findings underscore the potential benefits of elevating folate intake to enhance serum Klotho levels. Stratified analysis indicated that this association was more pronounced among males aged 60 years or older and individuals with hypertension. Conclusion The findings suggest a significant correlation between increased dietary folate intake and elevated serum Klotho levels in adults aged 40-79 years. Hinting at the potential nutritional influences on the aging process and associated health conditions. This calls for further exploration into the mechanisms and broader implications of this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Guihang 300 Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chunhuan Zhou
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Guihang 300 Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Rongjun Shen
- Hospital Infection Control Department, Guihang 300 Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Anxian Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Guihang 300 Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guihang 300 Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhengyuan Cao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Guihang 300 Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Guiyang, China
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294
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Chongsaritsinsuk J, Rangel-Angarita V, Mahoney KE, Lucas TM, Enny OM, Katemauswa M, Malaker SA. Quantification and site-specific analysis of co-occupied N- and O-glycopeptides. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.06.602348. [PMID: 39005468 PMCID: PMC11245114 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.06.602348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is a complex post-translational modification that is generally classified as N- or O-linked. Site-specific analysis of glycopeptides is accomplished with a variety of fragmentation methods, depending on the type of glycosylation being investigated and the instrumentation available. For instance, collisional dissociation methods are frequently used for N-glycoproteomic analysis with the assumption that one N-sequon exists per tryptic peptide. Alternatively, electron-based methods are indispensable for O-glycosite localization. However, the presence of simultaneously N- and O-glycosylated peptides could suggest the necessity of electron-based fragmentation methods for N-glycoproteomics, which is not commonly performed. Thus, we quantified the prevalence of N- and O-glycopeptides in mucins and other glycoproteins. A much higher frequency of co-occupancy within mucins was detected whereas only a negligible occurrence occurred within non-mucin glycoproteins. This was demonstrated from analyses of recombinant and/or purified proteins, as well as more complex samples. Where co-occupancy occurred, O-glycosites were frequently localized to the Ser/Thr within the N-sequon. Additionally, we found that O-glycans in close proximity to the occupied Asn were predominantly unelaborated core 1 structures, while those further away were more extended. Overall, we demonstrate electron-based methods are required for robust site-specific analysis of mucins, wherein co-occupancy is more prevalent. Conversely, collisional methods are generally sufficient for analyses of other types of glycoproteins.
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295
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Liu X, Peng X, Li H. Escherichia coli Activate Extraintestinal Antibody Response and Provide Anti-Infective Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7450. [PMID: 39000557 PMCID: PMC11242715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of intestinal microflora on extraintestinal immune response by intestinal cytokines and metabolites have been documented, but whether intestinal microbes stimulate serum antibody generation is unknown. Here, serum antibodies against 69 outer membrane proteins of Escherichia coli, a dominant bacterium in the human intestine, are detected in 141 healthy individuals of varying ages. Antibodies against E. coli outer membrane proteins are determined in all serum samples tested, and frequencies of antibodies to five outer membrane proteins (OmpA, OmpX, TsX, HlpA, and FepA) are close to 100%. Serum antibodies against E. coli outer membrane proteins are further validated by Western blot and bacterial pull-down. Moreover, the present study shows that OstA, HlpA, Tsx, NlpB, OmpC, YfcU, and OmpA provide specific immune protection against pathogenic E. coli, while HlpA and OmpA also exhibit cross-protection against Staphylococcus aureus infection. These finding indicate that intestinal E. coli activate extraintestinal antibody responses and provide anti-infective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuanxian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
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296
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Ford HR, Mitchell TM, Scull T, Benitez OJ, Strieder-Barboza C. The Effect of Subclinical Ketosis on the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Inflammatory Response and Its Crosstalk with Depot-Specific Preadipocyte Function in Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1995. [PMID: 38998107 PMCID: PMC11240650 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
During the periparturient period, cows undergo heightened energy demands at lactation onset, paired with reduced dry matter intake, leading to negative energy balance (NEB). Excessive lipolysis-driven adipose tissue remodeling, triggered by NEB, significantly contributes to ketosis in periparturient dairy cows. However, the role of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the pathogenesis of ketosis and in modulating adipose tissue function remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated how ketosis affects the transcriptional profile and secretome of PBMCs and its influence on preadipocyte function in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Twenty-one postpartum Holstein dairy cows were categorized as either subclinical ketosis (SCK; BHB ≥ 1.0 mM) or control (CON; BHB < 0.8 mM) based on blood beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentration screening. Blood samples were collected intravenously for the isolation of PBMCs and serum metabolic profiling. Ketosis elevated circulating NEFA and BHB levels but reduced total WBC and neutrophil counts. Isolated PBMCs were evaluated for gene expression and used to produce conditioned media (PBMC-CM), during which PBMCs were stimulated with 10 ng/mL LPS. The overall phenotype of PBMCs was largely consistent between SCK and CON cows, with minimal differences detected in immunomodulatory cytokine expression and PBMC-CM composition following stimulation. Preadipocytes isolated from non-ketotic cows were treated with PBMC-CM to assess the effect of PBMC secretomes on adipose cell function. Preadipocytes treated with SCK PBMC-CM showed reduced lipid accumulation compared to those treated with CON PBMC-CM regardless of the depot. SAT preadipocytes had heightened expression of lipid metabolism-related genes, including DGAT1, LIPE, and FASN, compared to VAT when treated with SCK PBMC-CM. Preadipocytes treated with CM from PBMC stimulated by LPS exhibited upregulation in IL1B and IL6 regardless of the depot or source of PBMCs. Together, these results indicate that although PBMC profiles showed minimal differences, preadipocytes treated with PBMC-CM may be influenced by additional factors, leading to altered preadipocyte function and gene expression that may contribute to adipose cellular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter R. Ford
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (H.R.F.); (T.M.M.); (T.S.); (O.J.B.)
| | - Ty M. Mitchell
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (H.R.F.); (T.M.M.); (T.S.); (O.J.B.)
| | - Tanner Scull
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (H.R.F.); (T.M.M.); (T.S.); (O.J.B.)
| | - Oscar J. Benitez
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (H.R.F.); (T.M.M.); (T.S.); (O.J.B.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Clarissa Strieder-Barboza
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (H.R.F.); (T.M.M.); (T.S.); (O.J.B.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
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297
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Pallavi M, Rajashekaraiah V. Differential Responses of Young and Old Erythrocytes Stored with Vitamin C and Vitamin E in Additive Solution-7. Rejuvenation Res 2024. [PMID: 38888006 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2024.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) causes biochemical and morphological alterations in erythrocytes. The primary factors contributing to OS are aging and storage. Antioxidants significantly alleviate OS. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the response of young and old erythrocytes to vitamin C and vitamin E during storage. Erythrocytes were separated into young and old by the Percoll method. Each erythrocyte subpopulation was categorized into the i) Control (additive solution-7 [AS-7]) and ii) vitamin C and vitamin E in AS-7 (VC+VE) groups and stored for 21 days at 4°C. OS, antioxidant, and aging markers were analyzed on days 1, 14, and 21. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was similar throughout storage in young cells. However, superoxide dismutase activity elevated in old cells (Control and VC+VE) on days 1 and 21. Catalase (CAT) activity increased on days 14 and 21, whereas glutathione peroxidase (GPX) increased on days 1 and 14 in old Controls. However, in old VC+VE, CAT increased on day 21 and GPX increased on day 1. Advanced oxidation protein products, superoxides, glutathione, and uric acid increased in old cells throughout storage. Malondialdehyde decreased in old VC+VE compared with old Control on days 14 and 21. Sialic acids and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase activity were higher in young cells compared to old cells. Young cells exhibited lower oxidative changes throughout storage. Vitamin C and vitamin E were effective in maintaining the redox balance in old cells. These findings emphasize the need for specific approaches for different subpopulations during erythrocyte banking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masannagari Pallavi
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Bangalore, India
| | - Vani Rajashekaraiah
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Bangalore, India
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298
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Ma C, Gurkan-Cavusoglu E. A comprehensive review of computational cell cycle models in guiding cancer treatment strategies. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:71. [PMID: 38969664 PMCID: PMC11226463 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the current knowledge and recent advancements in computational modeling of the cell cycle. It offers a comparative analysis of various modeling paradigms, highlighting their unique strengths, limitations, and applications. Specifically, the article compares deterministic and stochastic models, single-cell versus population models, and mechanistic versus abstract models. This detailed analysis helps determine the most suitable modeling framework for various research needs. Additionally, the discussion extends to the utilization of these computational models to illuminate cell cycle dynamics, with a particular focus on cell cycle viability, crosstalk with signaling pathways, tumor microenvironment, DNA replication, and repair mechanisms, underscoring their critical roles in tumor progression and the optimization of cancer therapies. By applying these models to crucial aspects of cancer therapy planning for better outcomes, including drug efficacy quantification, drug discovery, drug resistance analysis, and dose optimization, the review highlights the significant potential of computational insights in enhancing the precision and effectiveness of cancer treatments. This emphasis on the intricate relationship between computational modeling and therapeutic strategy development underscores the pivotal role of advanced modeling techniques in navigating the complexities of cell cycle dynamics and their implications for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Ma
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Systems Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Evren Gurkan-Cavusoglu
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Systems Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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299
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Salta Z, Ventura ON, Rais N, Tasinato N, Barone V. A new chapter in the never ending story of cycloadditions: The puzzling case of SO 2 and acetylene. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:1587-1602. [PMID: 38517313 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
A comprehensive study of the different classes of cycloaddition reactions ([3+2], [2+2], and [2+1]) of SO2 to acetylene and ethylene has been performed using density functional theory (DFT) and composite wavefunction methods. The [3+2] cycloaddition reaction, that was previously explored in the context of the cycloaddition of thioformaldehyde S-methylide (TSM) to ethylene and acetylene, proceeds in a concerted way to the formation of stable heterocycles. In this paper, we extend our study to the [2+2] and [2+1] cycloadditions of SO2 to acetylene, which would produce 1,1-oxathiete-2-oxide and thiirene-1,1-dioxide, respectively. One of the main conclusions is that cyclic 1,1-oxathiete-2-oxide can open through a relatively easy breaking of the SO single bond and rearrange toward sulfinyl acetaldehyde (SA). The SA molecule can easily undergo several internal rearrangements, which eventually lead to sulfenic acid and sulfoxide derivatives of ethenone, 1,2,3-dioxathiole, and CO plus sulfinylmethane. The most probable path, however, produces 2-thioxoacetic acid, whose derivatives (or those of the corresponding acetate) are usually obtained by Willgerodt-Kindler-type sulfuration of acetates. This product can in turn decompose, leading to the final products CO2 and H2CS. Comparison of this decomposition path with that of 2-amino-2-thioxoacetic acid shows that the process occurs through different H-transfer processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Salta
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Oscar N Ventura
- Computational Chemistry and Biology Group, CCBG, DETEMA, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nadjib Rais
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
- IUSS Scuola Universitaria Superiore, Pavia, Italy
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300
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Dai Z, Lee SY, Sharma S, Ullah S, Tan ECK, Brodaty H, Schutte AE, Sachdev PS. A systematic review of diet and medication use among centenarians and near-centenarians worldwide. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01247-4. [PMID: 38967696 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01247-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Centenarians represent a phenomenon of successful aging. This systematic review aimed to understand lifestyles and health practices, focusing on diet and medication use for healthy longevity in community-based adults 95 years or over. Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, and gray literature were searched from 1 January 2000 to 10 December 2022. Study quality was assessed using the Modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (mNOS). Pooled prevalence [%; 95% confidence interval] for categorical variables and pooled mean for continuous variables were estimated for demographics, weight status, lifestyle factors, medications, and health conditions. Of 3392 records screened, 34 studies were included in the review, and 71% (24/34) met the 6/8 criteria in mNOS. Centenarians/near-centenarians' ages ranged from 95 to 118 years, with 75% (71-78%) female and 78% (68-88%) living in rural areas. They had an overall healthy lifestyle: current smoking (7%; 5-9%), drinking (23%; 17-30%), normal weight (52%; 42-61%), overweight (14%; 8-20%), physical activity (23%; 20-26%), and sleep satisfaction (68%; 65-72%). Diet averaged 59.6% carbohydrate, 18.5% protein, and 29.3% fat; over 60% consumed a diverse diet, and < 20% preferred salty food, contributing to lower mortality risks and functional decline. About half used antihypertensives (49%; 14-84%) or other cardiovascular drugs (48%; 24-71%), with an average of 4.6 medications. Common health issues included impaired basic activities of daily living (54%; 33-74%), hypertension (43%; 21-65%), and dementia (41%; 23-59%). The findings of this systemic review underscore the pivotal role of dietary practice and weight management in healthcare strategies to promote healthy ageing. It also recognises rural living styles and sleep hygiene as potential factors contributing to healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoli Dai
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Sue Yi Lee
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Srishti Sharma
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Shahid Ullah
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Edwin C K Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aletta E Schutte
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW, Australia
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