301
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Wu X, Hollingshead N, Roberto J, Knupp A, Kenerson H, Chen A, Strickland I, Horton H, Yeung R, Soysa R, Crispe IN. Human Liver Macrophage Subsets Defined by CD32. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2108. [PMID: 33101269 PMCID: PMC7546764 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human liver myeloid cells are imperfectly defined, but it is broadly agreed that cells of stellate appearance in situ, expressing the markers CD11b and CD68, are the liver's resident macrophages, classically termed Kupffer cells. Recent investigations using single cell RNA sequencing and unsupervised clustering algorithms suggest there are two populations of cells with the characteristics of tissue macrophages in human liver. We therefore analyzed dissociated human liver tissue using the markers CD11b and CD68 to define macrophage-like cells and found within this population two subsets that differ in their expression of multiple surface markers. These subsets were FACS-sorted based on CD32 expression, and gene expression analysis identified them with human liver myeloid cell subsets that were previously defined by two independent single cell RNA sequencing studies. Using qRT-PCR we found that the two subsets differed in the expression of genes associated with T cell activation and immunosuppression, suggesting distinct roles in T cell tolerance. In addition, one subset expressed two markers, CD1C and CD11c, more often seen on classical dendritic cells. Criteria used to distinguish macrophages from dendritic cells in other tissues may need to be revised in the human liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wu
- Departments of Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Nicole Hollingshead
- Departments of Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jessica Roberto
- Departments of Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Allison Knupp
- Departments of Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Heidi Kenerson
- Departments of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Antony Chen
- Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | - Helen Horton
- Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Raymond Yeung
- Departments of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Radika Soysa
- Departments of Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ian N. Crispe
- Departments of Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States,*Correspondence: Ian N. Crispe
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302
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Abstract
Platelets are increasingly being recognized for playing roles beyond thrombosis and hemostasis. Today we know that they mediate inflammation by direct interactions with innate immune cells or secretion of cytokines/chemokines. Here we review their interactions with neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages in infection and sepsis, stroke, myocardial infarction and venous thromboembolism. We discuss new roles for platelet surface receptors like GPVI or GPIb and also look at platelet contributions to the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as well as to deep vein thrombosis during infection, e.g. in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Martinod
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carsten Deppermann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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303
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Ficht X, Iannacone M. Immune surveillance of the liver by T cells. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/51/eaba2351. [PMID: 32887842 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aba2351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The liver is the target of several infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic diseases, which affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide and cause an estimated death toll of more than 2 million people each year. Dysregulation of T cell responses has been implicated in the pathogenesis of these diseases; hence, it is critically important to understand the function and fate of T cells in the liver. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on liver immune surveillance by conventional and invariant T cells and explore the complex cross-talk between immune cell subsets that determines the balance between hepatic immunity and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenia Ficht
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Iannacone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy. .,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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304
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Remmerie A, Martens L, Thoné T, Castoldi A, Seurinck R, Pavie B, Roels J, Vanneste B, De Prijck S, Vanhockerhout M, Binte Abdul Latib M, Devisscher L, Hoorens A, Bonnardel J, Vandamme N, Kremer A, Borghgraef P, Van Vlierberghe H, Lippens S, Pearce E, Saeys Y, Scott CL. Osteopontin Expression Identifies a Subset of Recruited Macrophages Distinct from Kupffer Cells in the Fatty Liver. Immunity 2020; 53:641-657.e14. [PMID: 32888418 PMCID: PMC7501731 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) represents a spectrum of disease states ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Hepatic macrophages, specifically Kupffer cells (KCs), are suggested to play important roles in the pathogenesis of MAFLD through their activation, although the exact roles played by these cells remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that KCs were reduced in MAFLD being replaced by macrophages originating from the bone marrow. Recruited macrophages existed in two subsets with distinct activation states, either closely resembling homeostatic KCs or lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) from obese adipose tissue. Hepatic LAMs expressed Osteopontin, a biomarker for patients with NASH, linked with the development of fibrosis. Fitting with this, LAMs were found in regions of the liver with reduced numbers of KCs, characterized by increased Desmin expression. Together, our data highlight considerable heterogeneity within the macrophage pool and suggest a need for more specific macrophage targeting strategies in MAFLD. Resident KCs are lost with time in MAFLD Resident KCs are replaced by distinct subsets of bone marrow derived macrophages One subset of recruited macrophages termed hepatic LAMs, express Osteopontin Hepatic LAMs are found in zones characterized by increased Desmin expression
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneleen Remmerie
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Martens
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Tinne Thoné
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ruth Seurinck
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Pavie
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Joris Roels
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bavo Vanneste
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Sofie De Prijck
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Mathias Vanhockerhout
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Mushida Binte Abdul Latib
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Lindsey Devisscher
- Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Anne Hoorens
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Johnny Bonnardel
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Niels Vandamme
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anna Kremer
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Peter Borghgraef
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Hans Van Vlierberghe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Edward Pearce
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yvan Saeys
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte L Scott
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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305
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Cacicedo ML, Medina-Montano C, Kaps L, Kappel C, Gehring S, Bros M. Role of Liver-Mediated Tolerance in Nanoparticle-Based Tumor Therapy. Cells 2020; 9:E1985. [PMID: 32872352 PMCID: PMC7563539 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the use of nanocarriers for immunotherapeutic purposes has gained a lot of attention, especially in the field of tumor therapy. However, most types of nanocarriers accumulate strongly in the liver after systemic application. Due to the default tolerance-promoting role of liver non-parenchymal cells (NPCs), Kupffer cells (KCs), liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), their potential role on the immunological outcome of systemic nano-vaccination approaches for therapy of tumors in the liver and in other organs needs to be considered. Concerning immunological functions, KCs have been the focus until now, but recent studies have elucidated an important role of LSECs and HSCs as well. Therefore, this review aims to summarize current knowledge on the employment of nanocarriers for immunotherapeutic therapy of liver diseases and the overall role of liver NPCs in the context of nano-vaccination approaches. With regard to the latter, we discuss strategies on how to address liver NPCs, aiming to exploit and modulate their immunological properties, and alternatively how to avoid unwanted engagement of nano-vaccines by liver NPCs for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano L. Cacicedo
- Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.L.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Carolina Medina-Montano
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.M.-M.); (C.K.)
| | - Leonard Kaps
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, I. Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Cinja Kappel
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.M.-M.); (C.K.)
| | - Stephan Gehring
- Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.L.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.M.-M.); (C.K.)
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306
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Hao Shi, Yan KK, Ding L, Qian C, Chi H, Yu J. Network Approaches for Dissecting the Immune System. iScience 2020; 23:101354. [PMID: 32717640 PMCID: PMC7390880 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is a complex biological network composed of hierarchically organized genes, proteins, and cellular components that combat external pathogens and monitor the onset of internal disease. To meet and ultimately defeat these challenges, the immune system orchestrates an exquisitely complex interplay of numerous cells, often with highly specialized functions, in a tissue-specific manner. One of the major methodologies of systems immunology is to measure quantitatively the components and interaction levels in the immunologic networks to construct a computational network and predict the response of the components to perturbations. The recent advances in high-throughput sequencing techniques have provided us with a powerful approach to dissecting the complexity of the immune system. Here we summarize the latest progress in integrating omics data and network approaches to construct networks and to infer the underlying signaling and transcriptional landscape, as well as cell-cell communication, in the immune system, with a focus on hematopoiesis, adaptive immunity, and tumor immunology. Understanding the network regulation of immune cells has provided new insights into immune homeostasis and disease, with important therapeutic implications for inflammation, cancer, and other immune-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shi
- Departments of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Koon-Kiu Yan
- Departments of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Liang Ding
- Departments of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Chenxi Qian
- Departments of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Hongbo Chi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jiyang Yu
- Departments of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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307
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Koliaraki V, Prados A, Armaka M, Kollias G. The mesenchymal context in inflammation, immunity and cancer. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:974-982. [PMID: 32747813 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0741-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal cells are mesoderm-derived stromal cells that are best known for providing structural support to organs, synthesizing and remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulating development, homeostasis and repair of tissues. Recent detailed mechanistic insights into the biology of fibroblastic mesenchymal cells have revealed they are also significantly involved in immune regulation, stem cell maintenance and blood vessel function. It is now becoming evident that these functions, when defective, drive the development of complex diseases, such as various immunopathologies, chronic inflammatory disease, tissue fibrosis and cancer. Here, we provide a concise overview of the contextual contribution of fibroblastic mesenchymal cells in physiology and disease and bring into focus emerging evidence for both their heterogeneity at the single-cell level and their tissue-specific, spatiotemporal functional diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Koliaraki
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece.
| | - Alejandro Prados
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Marietta Armaka
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - George Kollias
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece. .,Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece. .,Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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308
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Solovey M, Scialdone A. COMUNET: a tool to explore and visualize intercellular communication. Bioinformatics 2020; 36:4296-4300. [PMID: 32399572 PMCID: PMC7520036 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Intercellular communication plays an essential role in multicellular organisms and several algorithms to analyze it from single-cell transcriptional data have been recently published, but the results are often hard to visualize and interpret. RESULTS We developed Cell cOmmunication exploration with MUltiplex NETworks (COMUNET), a tool that streamlines the interpretation of the results from cell-cell communication analyses. COMUNET uses multiplex networks to represent and cluster all potential communication patterns between cell types. The algorithm also enables the search for specific patterns of communication and can perform comparative analysis between two biological conditions. To exemplify its use, here we apply COMUNET to investigate cell communication patterns in single-cell transcriptomic datasets from mouse embryos and from an acute myeloid leukemia patient at diagnosis and after treatment. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Our algorithm is implemented in an R package available from https://github.com/ScialdoneLab/COMUNET, along with all the code to perform the analyses reported here. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Solovey
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, München 81377, Germany
- Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Antonio Scialdone
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, München 81377, Germany
- Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
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309
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Porcuna J, Menéndez-Gutiérrez MP, Ricote M. Molecular control of tissue-resident macrophage identity by nuclear receptors. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 53:27-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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310
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Guan D, Xiong Y, Trinh TM, Xiao Y, Hu W, Jiang C, Dierickx P, Jang C, Rabinowitz JD, Lazar MA. The hepatocyte clock and feeding control chronophysiology of multiple liver cell types. Science 2020; 369:1388-1394. [PMID: 32732282 DOI: 10.1126/science.aba8984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Most cells of the body contain molecular clocks, but the requirement of peripheral clocks for rhythmicity and their effects on physiology are not well understood. We show that deletion of core clock components REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ in adult mouse hepatocytes disrupts diurnal rhythms of a subset of liver genes and alters the diurnal rhythm of de novo lipogenesis. Liver function is also influenced by nonhepatocytic cells, and the loss of hepatocyte REV-ERBs remodels the rhythmic transcriptomes and metabolomes of multiple cell types within the liver. Finally, alteration of food availability demonstrates the hierarchy of the cell-intrinsic hepatocyte clock mechanism and the feeding environment. Together, these studies reveal previously unsuspected roles of the hepatocyte clock in the physiological coordination of nutritional signals and cell-cell communication controlling rhythmic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyin Guan
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ying Xiong
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Trang Minh Trinh
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yang Xiao
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wenxiang Hu
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chunjie Jiang
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Pieterjan Dierickx
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Mitchell A Lazar
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. .,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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311
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Gamrekelashvili J, Kapanadze T, Sablotny S, Ratiu C, Dastagir K, Lochner M, Karbach S, Wenzel P, Sitnow A, Fleig S, Sparwasser T, Kalinke U, Holzmann B, Haller H, Limbourg FP. Notch and TLR signaling coordinate monocyte cell fate and inflammation. eLife 2020; 9:57007. [PMID: 32723480 PMCID: PMC7413669 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional Ly6Chi monocytes have developmental plasticity for a spectrum of differentiated phagocytes. Here we show, using conditional deletion strategies in a mouse model of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7-induced inflammation, that the spectrum of developmental cell fates of Ly6Chi monocytes, and the resultant inflammation, is coordinately regulated by TLR and Notch signaling. Cell-intrinsic Notch2 and TLR7-Myd88 pathways independently and synergistically promote Ly6Clo patrolling monocyte development from Ly6Chi monocytes under inflammatory conditions, while impairment in either signaling axis impairs Ly6Clo monocyte development. At the same time, TLR7 stimulation in the absence of functional Notch2 signaling promotes resident tissue macrophage gene expression signatures in monocytes in the blood and ectopic differentiation of Ly6Chi monocytes into macrophages and dendritic cells, which infiltrate the spleen and major blood vessels and are accompanied by aberrant systemic inflammation. Thus, Notch2 is a master regulator of Ly6Chi monocyte cell fate and inflammation in response to TLR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaba Gamrekelashvili
- Vascular Medicine Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tamar Kapanadze
- Vascular Medicine Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Sablotny
- Vascular Medicine Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Corina Ratiu
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Fachbereich Medizin der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Khaled Dastagir
- Vascular Medicine Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Lochner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Mucosal Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Susanne Karbach
- Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philip Wenzel
- Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andre Sitnow
- Vascular Medicine Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Susanne Fleig
- Vascular Medicine Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tim Sparwasser
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research Braunschweig and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence-Resolving Infection Susceptibility (RESIST), Hanover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernhard Holzmann
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Vascular Medicine Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian P Limbourg
- Vascular Medicine Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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312
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de Vries NL, Mahfouz A, Koning F, de Miranda NFCC. Unraveling the Complexity of the Cancer Microenvironment With Multidimensional Genomic and Cytometric Technologies. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1254. [PMID: 32793500 PMCID: PMC7390924 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers are characterized by extensive heterogeneity that occurs intratumorally, between lesions, and across patients. To study cancer as a complex biological system, multidimensional analyses of the tumor microenvironment are paramount. Single-cell technologies such as flow cytometry, mass cytometry, or single-cell RNA-sequencing have revolutionized our ability to characterize individual cells in great detail and, with that, shed light on the complexity of cancer microenvironments. However, a key limitation of these single-cell technologies is the lack of information on spatial context and multicellular interactions. Investigating spatial contexts of cells requires the incorporation of tissue-based techniques such as multiparameter immunofluorescence, imaging mass cytometry, or in situ detection of transcripts. In this Review, we describe the rise of multidimensional single-cell technologies and provide an overview of their strengths and weaknesses. In addition, we discuss the integration of transcriptomic, genomic, epigenomic, proteomic, and spatially-resolved data in the context of human cancers. Lastly, we will deliberate on how the integration of multi-omics data will help to shed light on the complex role of cell types present within the human tumor microenvironment, and how such system-wide approaches may pave the way toward more effective therapies for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasja L. de Vries
- Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ahmed Mahfouz
- Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Delft Bioinformatics Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Frits Koning
- Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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313
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Melissari MT, Chalkidi N, Sarris ME, Koliaraki V. Fibroblast Reprogramming in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:630. [PMID: 32760726 PMCID: PMC7373725 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers are a significant cause of cancer mortality worldwide and have been strongly linked with chronic inflammation. Current therapies focus on epithelial/cancer cells; however, the importance of the tumor microenvironment in the development and treatment of the disease is also now well established. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major component of the tumor microenvironment, and are actively participating in tumor initiation, promotion and metastasis. They structurally and functionally affect cancer cell proliferation, tumor immunity, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling and metastasis through a variety of signaling pathways. CAFs originate predominantly from resident mesenchymal cells, which are activated and reprogrammed in response to cues from cancer cells. In recent years, chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract has also proven an important driver of mesenchymal cell activation and subsequent CAF development, which in turn are capable of regulating the transition from acute to chronic inflammation and cancer. In this review, we will provide a concise overview of the mechanisms that drive fibroblast reprogramming in cancer and the recent advances on the downstream signaling pathways that regulate the functional properties of the activated mesenchyme. This new mechanistic insight could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies and better prognosis for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Theodora Melissari
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Niki Chalkidi
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Michalis E Sarris
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Koliaraki
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
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314
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Bellomo A, Mondor I, Spinelli L, Lagueyrie M, Stewart BJ, Brouilly N, Malissen B, Clatworthy MR, Bajénoff M. Reticular Fibroblasts Expressing the Transcription Factor WT1 Define a Stromal Niche that Maintains and Replenishes Splenic Red Pulp Macrophages. Immunity 2020; 53:127-142.e7. [PMID: 32562599 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Located within red pulp cords, splenic red pulp macrophages (RPMs) are constantly exposed to the blood flow, clearing senescent red blood cells (RBCs) and recycling iron from hemoglobin. Here, we studied the mechanisms underlying RPM homeostasis, focusing on the involvement of stromal cells as these cells perform anchoring and nurturing macrophage niche functions in lymph nodes and liver. Microscopy revealed that RPMs are embedded in a reticular meshwork of red pulp fibroblasts characterized by the expression of the transcription factor Wilms' Tumor 1 (WT1) and colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1). Conditional deletion of Csf1 in WT1+ red pulp fibroblasts, but not white pulp fibroblasts, drastically altered the RPM network without altering circulating CSF1 levels. Upon RPM depletion, red pulp fibroblasts transiently produced the monocyte chemoattractants CCL2 and CCL7, thereby contributing to the replenishment of the RPM network. Thus, red pulp fibroblasts anchor and nurture RPM, a function likely conserved in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Bellomo
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | - Benjamin J Stewart
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Nicolas Brouilly
- Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Menna R Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Marc Bajénoff
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.
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315
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Abstract
Cirrhosis is a multisystemic disease wherein inflammatory responses originating from advanced liver disease and its sequelae affect distant compartments. Patients with cirrhosis are susceptible to bacterial infections, which may precipitate acute decompensation and acute-on-chronic liver failure, both of which are associated with high short-term mortality. Innate immune cells are an essential first line of defence against pathogens. Activation of liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) and resident mastocytes generate proinflammatory and vaso-permeating mediators that induce accumulation of neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils and monocytes in the liver, and promote tissue damage. During cirrhosis progression, damage- and pathogen-associated molecular patterns activate immune cells and promote development of systemic inflammatory responses which may involve different tissues and compartments. The antibacterial function of circulating neutrophils and monocytes is gradually and severely impaired as cirrhosis worsens, contributing to disease progression. The mechanisms underlying impaired antimicrobial responses are complex and incompletely understood. This review focuses on the continuous and distinct perturbations arising in innate immune cells during cirrhosis, including their impact on disease progression, as well as reviewing potential therapeutic targets.
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316
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Lohrmann F, Forde AJ, Merck P, Henneke P. Control of myeloid cell density in barrier tissues. FEBS J 2020; 288:405-426. [PMID: 32502309 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The interface between the mammalian host and its environment is formed by barrier tissues, for example, of the skin, and the respiratory and the intestinal tracts. On the one hand, barrier tissues are colonized by site-adapted microbial communities, and on the other hand, they contain specific myeloid cell networks comprising macrophages, dendritic cells, and granulocytes. These immune cells are tightly regulated in function and cell number, indicating important roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis and immune balance in the presence of commensal microorganisms. The regulation of myeloid cell density and activation involves cell-autonomous 'single-loop circuits' including autocrine mechanisms. However, an array of microenvironmental factors originating from nonimmune cells and the microbiota, as well as the microanatomical structure, impose additional layers of regulation onto resident myeloid cells. This review discusses models integrating these factors into cell-specific programs to instruct differentiation and proliferation best suited for the maintenance and renewal of immune homeostasis in the tissue-specific environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florens Lohrmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Immunodeficiency (IFI), Faculty of Medicine, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School for Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.,IMM-PACT Clinician Scientist Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Aaron J Forde
- Institute for Immunodeficiency (IFI), Faculty of Medicine, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, university of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Merck
- Institute for Immunodeficiency (IFI), Faculty of Medicine, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Henneke
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Immunodeficiency (IFI), Faculty of Medicine, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany
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317
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Fu HY, Bao WM, Yang CX, Lai WJ, Xu JM, Yu HY, Yang YN, Tan X, Gupta AK, Tang YM. Kupffer Cells Regulate Natural Killer Cells Via the NK group 2, Member D (NKG2D)/Retinoic Acid Early Inducible-1 (RAE-1) Interaction and Cytokines in a Primary Biliary Cholangitis Mouse Model. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e923726. [PMID: 32599603 PMCID: PMC7346879 DOI: 10.12659/msm.923726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Kupffer cells and natural killer (NK) cells has been identified as contributing factors in the pathogenesis of hepatitis, but the detailed mechanism of these cell types in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is poorly understood. Material/Methods In this study, polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (poly I: C), 2-octynoic acid-bovine serum albumin (2OA-BSA) and Freund’s adjuvant (FA) were injected to establish a murine PBC model, from which NK cells and Kupffer cells were extracted and isolated. The cells were then co-cultivated in a designed culture system, and then NK group 2, member D (NKG2D), retinoic acid early inducible-1 (RAE-1), F4/80, and cytokine expression levels were detected. Results The results showed close crosstalk between Kupffer cells and NK cells. PBC mice showed increased surface RAE-1 protein expression and Kupffer cell cytokine secretion, which subsequently activated NK cell-mediated target cell killing via NKG2D/RAE-1 recognition, and increased inflammation. NK cell-derived interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and Kupffer cell-derived tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were found to synergistically regulate inflammation. Moreover, interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-10 improved the crosstalk between NK cells and Kupffer cells. Conclusions Our findings in mice are the first to suggest the involvement of the NKG2D/RAE-1 interaction and cytokines in the synergistic effects of NK and Kupffer cells in PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Wei-Min Bao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Cai-Xia Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Wei-Ju Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Jia-Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Hai-Yan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Yi-Na Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Xu Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Ajay Kumar Gupta
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Ying-Mei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
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318
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Tabatabaei N, Hou S, Kim KW, Tahmasebi S. Signaling pathways that control mRNA translation initiation in macrophages. Cell Signal 2020; 73:109700. [PMID: 32593651 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Translational control in mammalian cells plays a critical role in regulating differentiation, cell growth, cell cycle and response to diverse stresses. Macrophages are one of the most versatile cell types in the body. They are professional phagocytic cells that can be found in almost all tissues and adapt tissue-specific functions. Recent studies highlight the importance of translational control in macrophages during invasion of pathogens, exposure to cytokines and in the context of tissue specific functions. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of mRNA translational control in regulation of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Tabatabaei
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shikun Hou
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ki-Wook Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Soroush Tahmasebi
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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319
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Tran S, Baba I, Poupel L, Dussaud S, Moreau M, Gélineau A, Marcelin G, Magréau-Davy E, Ouhachi M, Lesnik P, Boissonnas A, Le Goff W, Clausen BE, Yvan-Charvet L, Sennlaub F, Huby T, Gautier EL. Impaired Kupffer Cell Self-Renewal Alters the Liver Response to Lipid Overload during Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Immunity 2020; 53:627-640.e5. [PMID: 32562600 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Kupffer cells (KCs) are liver-resident macrophages that self-renew by proliferation in the adult independently from monocytes. However, how they are maintained during non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) remains ill defined. We found that a fraction of KCs derived from Ly-6C+ monocytes during NASH, underlying impaired KC self-renewal. Monocyte-derived KCs (MoKCs) gradually seeded the KC pool as disease progressed in a response to embryo-derived KC (EmKC) death. Those MoKCs were partly immature and exhibited a pro-inflammatory status compared to EmKCs. Yet, they engrafted the KC pool for the long term as they remained following disease regression while acquiring mature EmKC markers. While KCs as a whole favored hepatic triglyceride storage during NASH, EmKCs promoted it more efficiently than MoKCs, and the latter exacerbated liver damage, highlighting functional differences among KCs with different origins. Overall, our data reveal that KC homeostasis is impaired during NASH, altering the liver response to lipids, as well as KC ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Tran
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1166), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Ines Baba
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1166), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Poupel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1166), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Dussaud
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1166), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Martine Moreau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1166), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Adélaïde Gélineau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1166), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Marcelin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1269), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Elissa Magréau-Davy
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1166), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Melissa Ouhachi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1166), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Lesnik
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1166), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Boissonnas
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, Paris, France
| | - Wilfried Le Goff
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1166), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Björn E Clausen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Laurent Yvan-Charvet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, U1065), Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Atip-Avenir, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Oncoage, Nice, France
| | - Florian Sennlaub
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
| | - Thierry Huby
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1166), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel L Gautier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR_S 1166), Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
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320
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Stamataki Z, Swadling L. The liver as an immunological barrier redefined by single-cell analysis. Immunology 2020; 160:157-170. [PMID: 32176810 PMCID: PMC7218664 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is a front-line immune tissue that plays a major role in the detection, capture and clearance of pathogens and foreign antigens entering the bloodstream, especially from the gut. Our largest internal organ maintains this immune barrier in the face of constant exposure to external but harmless antigens through a highly specialized network of liver-adapted immune cells. Mapping the immune resident compartment in the liver has been challenging because it requires multimodal single-cell deep phenotyping approaches of often rare cell populations in difficult to access samples. We can now measure the RNA transcripts present in a single cell (scRNA-seq), which is revolutionizing the way we characterize cell types. scRNA-seq has been applied to the diverse array of immune cells present in murine and human livers in health and disease. Here, we summarize how emerging single-cell technologies have advanced or redefined our understanding of the immunological barrier provided by the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zania Stamataki
- Institute of Immunology and ImmunotherapyCentre for Liver and Gastrointestinal ResearchUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research CentreUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK
| | - Leo Swadling
- Division of Infection & ImmunityUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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321
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Vacca M, Leslie J, Virtue S, Lam BYH, Govaere O, Tiniakos D, Snow S, Davies S, Petkevicius K, Tong Z, Peirce V, Nielsen MJ, Ament Z, Li W, Kostrzewski T, Leeming DJ, Ratziu V, Allison MED, Anstee QM, Griffin JL, Oakley F, Vidal-Puig A. Bone morphogenetic protein 8B promotes the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Nat Metab 2020; 2:514-531. [PMID: 32694734 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-0214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by lipotoxicity, inflammation and fibrosis, ultimately leading to end-stage liver disease. The molecular mechanisms promoting NASH are poorly understood, and treatment options are limited. Here, we demonstrate that hepatic expression of bone morphogenetic protein 8B (BMP8B), a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)-BMP superfamily, increases proportionally to disease stage in people and animal models with NASH. BMP8B signals via both SMAD2/3 and SMAD1/5/9 branches of the TGFβ-BMP pathway in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), promoting their proinflammatory phenotype. In vivo, the absence of BMP8B prevents HSC activation, reduces inflammation and affects the wound-healing responses, thereby limiting NASH progression. Evidence is featured in primary human 3D microtissues modelling NASH, when challenged with recombinant BMP8. Our data show that BMP8B is a major contributor to NASH progression. Owing to the near absence of BMP8B in healthy livers, inhibition of BMP8B may represent a promising new therapeutic avenue for NASH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Vacca
- TVP Lab, WT/MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit - Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Jack Leslie
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Samuel Virtue
- TVP Lab, WT/MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit - Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Brian Y H Lam
- Yeo Group and Genomics and Transcriptomics Core, WT/MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Olivier Govaere
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Dina Tiniakos
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Pathology, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Susan Davies
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kasparas Petkevicius
- TVP Lab, WT/MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit - Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zhen Tong
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vivian Peirce
- TVP Lab, WT/MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit - Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Zsuzsanna Ament
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Vlad Ratziu
- Sorbonne Université, Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Michael E D Allison
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Quentin M Anstee
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julian L Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Biomolecular Medicine, Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Fiona Oakley
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- TVP Lab, WT/MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit - Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Welcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.
- Cambridge University Nanjing Centre of Technology and Innovation, Jiangbei Area, Nanjing, P R China.
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322
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Shi W, Wang Y, Zhang C, Jin H, Zeng Z, Wei L, Tian Y, Zhang D, Sun G. Isolation and purification of immune cells from the liver. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 85:106632. [PMID: 32470880 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Isolating and purifying liver immune cells are crucial for observing the changes in intrahepatic immune responses during the development of liver diseases and exploring the potential immunological mechanisms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide an optimal protocol for isolating immune cells with a high yield and less damage. We compared mechanical dissection and collagenase digestion, and the results were represented by the proportion of lymphocytes, Kupffer cells and neutrophils. The apoptosis rates of liver immune cells resulted by different isolation protocols were compared by Annexin V-staining using flow cytometric analysis. Our data indicated that the enzymatic digestion in vitro was more efficient than the mechanical dissection in vitro with a suitable collagenase IV concentration of 0.01%, and the purification of liver immune cells by a one-step density gradient centrifugation in 33% Percoll had the definite advantage of a higher proportion of the target cells. We also provided evidence that enzymatic digestion in vitro method was superior to collagenase digestion in situ for liver T lymphocytes, NK cells and NKT cells isolation and purification. This protocol was also validated in human liver samples. In conclusion, we developed an optimal protocol for isolating and purifying immune cells from mouse and human liver samples in vitro by 0.01% collagenase IV and 33% Percoll density gradient centrifugation with the advantages of higher cell yields and viability. This method provides a basis for further studying liver immune cells and liver immunity with a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shi
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chunpan Zhang
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhigui Zeng
- Department of Liver Transplantation Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Department of Liver Transplantation Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yue Tian
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Guangyong Sun
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China.
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323
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Recent advances of sterile inflammation and inter-organ cross-talk in alcoholic liver disease. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:772-780. [PMID: 32457490 PMCID: PMC7272465 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the fastest-growing concerns worldwide. In addition to bacterial endotoxins in the portal circulation, recent lines of evidence have suggested that sterile inflammation caused by a wide range of stimuli induces alcoholic liver injury, in which damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) play critical roles in inducing de novo lipogenesis and inflammation through the activation of cellular pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors in non-parenchymal cells. Interestingly, alcohol-mediated metabolic, neurological, and immune stresses stimulate the generation of DAMPs that are released not only in the liver, but also in other organs, such as adipose tissue, intestine, and bone marrow. Thus, diverse DAMPs, including retinoic acids, proteins, lipids, microRNAs, mitochondrial DNA, and mitochondrial double-stranded RNA, contribute to a broad spectrum of ALD through the production of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and ligands in non-parenchymal cells, such as Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells, and various immune cells. Therefore, this review summarizes recent studies on the identification and understanding of DAMPs, their receptors, and cross-talk between the liver and other organs, and highlights successful therapeutic targets and potential strategies in drug development that can be used to combat ALD.
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324
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Davies SP, Terry LV, Wilkinson AL, Stamataki Z. Cell-in-Cell Structures in the Liver: A Tale of Four E's. Front Immunol 2020; 11:650. [PMID: 32528462 PMCID: PMC7247839 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is our largest internal organ and it plays major roles in drug detoxification and immunity, where the ingestion of extracellular material through phagocytosis is a critical pathway. Phagocytosis is the deliberate endocytosis of large particles, microbes, dead cells or cell debris and can lead to cell-in-cell structures. Various types of cell endocytosis have been recently described for hepatic epithelia (hepatocytes), which are non-professional phagocytes. Given that up to 80% of the liver comprises hepatocytes, the biological impact of cell-in-cell structures in the liver can have profound effects in liver regeneration, inflammation and cancer. This review brings together the latest reports on four types of endocytosis in the liver -efferocytosis, entosis, emperipolesis and enclysis, with a focus on hepatocyte biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Davies
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren V Terry
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Alex L Wilkinson
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Zania Stamataki
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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325
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Tarique AA, Evron T, Zhang G, Tepper MA, Morshed MM, Andersen ISG, Begum N, Sly PD, Fantino E. Anti-inflammatory effects of lenabasum, a cannabinoid receptor type 2 agonist, on macrophages from cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2020; 19:823-829. [PMID: 32387042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lenabasum is an oral synthetic cannabinoid receptor type 2 agonist previously shown to reduce the production of key airway pro-inflammatory cytokines known to play a role in cystic fibrosis (CF). In a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-control phase 2 study, lenabasum lowered the rate of pulmonary exacerbation among patients with CF. The present study was undertaken to investigate anti-inflammatory mechanisms of lenabasum exhibits in CF macrophages. METHODS We used monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from healthy donors (n = 15), MDMs with CFTR inhibited with C-172 (n = 5) and MDMs from patients with CF (n = 4). Monocytes were differentiated to macrophages and polarized into classically activated (M1) macrophages by LPS or alternatively activated (M2) macrophages by IL-13 in presence or absence of lenabasum. RESULTS Lenabasum had no effect on differentiation, polarization and function of macrophages from healthy individuals. However, in CF macrophages lenabasum downregulated macrophage polarization into the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. An improvement in phagocytic activity was also observed following lenabasum treatment. Although lenabasum did not restore the impaired polarization of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage, it reduced the levels of IL-13 and enhanced the endocytic function of CF MDMs. The effects of lenabasum on MDMs with CFTR inhibited by C-172 were not as obvious. CONCLUSION In CF macrophages lenabasum modulates macrophage polarization and function in vitro in a way that would reduce inflammation in vivo. Further studies are warranted to determine the link between activating the CBR2 receptor and CFTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Tarique
- Child Health Research Centre (CHRC), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tama Evron
- Corbus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Norwood, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Mohammed M Morshed
- Child Health Research Centre (CHRC), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Isabella S G Andersen
- Child Health Research Centre (CHRC), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nelufa Begum
- Child Health Research Centre (CHRC), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Peter D Sly
- Child Health Research Centre (CHRC), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Emmanuelle Fantino
- Child Health Research Centre (CHRC), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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326
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Seidman JS, Troutman TD, Sakai M, Gola A, Spann NJ, Bennett H, Bruni CM, Ouyang Z, Li RZ, Sun X, Vu BT, Pasillas MP, Ego KM, Gosselin D, Link VM, Chong LW, Evans RM, Thompson BM, McDonald JG, Hosseini M, Witztum JL, Germain RN, Glass CK. Niche-Specific Reprogramming of Epigenetic Landscapes Drives Myeloid Cell Diversity in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Immunity 2020; 52:1057-1074.e7. [PMID: 32362324 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-resident and recruited macrophages contribute to both host defense and pathology. Multiple macrophage phenotypes are represented in diseased tissues, but we lack deep understanding of mechanisms controlling diversification. Here, we investigate origins and epigenetic trajectories of hepatic macrophages during diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The NASH diet induced significant changes in Kupffer cell enhancers and gene expression, resulting in partial loss of Kupffer cell identity, induction of Trem2 and Cd9 expression, and cell death. Kupffer cell loss was compensated by gain of adjacent monocyte-derived macrophages that exhibited convergent epigenomes, transcriptomes, and functions. NASH-induced changes in Kupffer cell enhancers were driven by AP-1 and EGR that reprogrammed LXR functions required for Kupffer cell identity and survival to instead drive a scar-associated macrophage phenotype. These findings reveal mechanisms by which disease-associated environmental signals instruct resident and recruited macrophages to acquire distinct gene expression programs and corresponding functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S Seidman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ty D Troutman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Mashito Sakai
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anita Gola
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 201892, USA
| | - Nathanael J Spann
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hunter Bennett
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cassi M Bruni
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhengyu Ouyang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rick Z Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - BaoChau T Vu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martina P Pasillas
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kaori M Ego
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David Gosselin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Verena M Link
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Faculty of Biology, Division of Evolutionary Biology, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ling-Wa Chong
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ronald M Evans
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bonne M Thompson
- Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey G McDonald
- Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mojgan Hosseini
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joseph L Witztum
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 201892, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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327
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Ydens E, Amann L, Asselbergh B, Scott CL, Martens L, Sichien D, Mossad O, Blank T, De Prijck S, Low D, Masuda T, Saeys Y, Timmerman V, Stumm R, Ginhoux F, Prinz M, Janssens S, Guilliams M. Profiling peripheral nerve macrophages reveals two macrophage subsets with distinct localization, transcriptome and response to injury. Nat Neurosci 2020; 23:676-689. [PMID: 32284604 PMCID: PMC7611025 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-0618-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
While CNS microglia have been extensively studied, relatively little is known about macrophages populating the peripheral nervous system. Here we performed ontogenic, transcriptomic and spatial characterization of sciatic nerve macrophages (snMacs). Using multiple fate-mapping systems, we show that snMacs do not derive from the early embryonic precursors colonizing the CNS, but originate primarily from late embryonic precursors and become replaced by bone-marrow-derived macrophages over time. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we identified a tissue-specific core signature of snMacs and two spatially separated snMacs: Relmα+Mgl1+ snMacs in the epineurium and Relmα-Mgl1- snMacs in the endoneurium. Globally, snMacs lack most of the core signature genes of microglia, with only the endoneurial subset expressing a restricted number of these genes. In response to nerve injury, the two resident snMac populations respond differently. Moreover, and unlike in the CNS, monocyte-derived macrophages that develop during injury can engraft efficiently in the pool of resident peripheral nervous system macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Ydens
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lukas Amann
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bob Asselbergh
- VIB-UAntwerp Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Charlotte L Scott
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Liesbet Martens
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Sciences and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dorine Sichien
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Omar Mossad
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Blank
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sofie De Prijck
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Donovan Low
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Takahiro Masuda
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yvan Saeys
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Sciences and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ralf Stumm
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Signalling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Sophie Janssens
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Martin Guilliams
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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328
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Remmerie A, Martens L, Scott CL. Macrophage Subsets in Obesity, Aligning the Liver and Adipose Tissue. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:259. [PMID: 32411096 PMCID: PMC7201095 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity is accompanied by a rising incidence in metabolic syndrome and related pathologies such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Macrophages are hypothesized to play central roles in these diseases, through their role as inflammatory mediators and as such are thought to be potential targets for future therapies. Recently, single cell technologies have revealed significant heterogeneity within the macrophage pool in both liver and adipose tissue in obesity. Thus current efforts are focused on dissecting this heterogeneity and understanding the distinct functions of the individual subsets. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge regarding macrophage heterogeneity, ontogeny and functions in the context of obese adipose tissue and fatty liver disease and attempt to align the distinct populations described to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneleen Remmerie
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Heterogeneity and Function, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Martens
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Heterogeneity and Function, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialization, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte L. Scott
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Heterogeneity and Function, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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329
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Leussink S, Aranda-Pardos I, A-Gonzalez N. Lipid metabolism as a mechanism of immunomodulation in macrophages: the role of liver X receptors. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 53:18-26. [PMID: 32361182 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are immune myeloid cells with an extreme ability to modulate their phenotype in response to insults and/or pathogens. The immunomodulatory capacity of macrophages is also patent during development as they adapt their phenotype to the host tissue environment establishing the heterogeneous populations of tissue-resident macrophages. An important mechanism of immunomodulation in macrophages occurs through the regulation of transcriptional activity. Numerous transcription factors are associated with macrophage plasticity, among them, several nuclear receptors. The nuclear receptors Liver X Receptors (LXRα and LXRβ) have also revealed as active players during macrophage adaptations in diverse scenarios. This review will address the different mechanisms by which LXRs contribute to immunomodulation in macrophages by connecting lipid metabolism and immunity through transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Leussink
- Institute of Immunology, Westfälische Wilhelms Universität Münster, Germany
| | | | - Noelia A-Gonzalez
- Institute of Immunology, Westfälische Wilhelms Universität Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Center, University of Münster, Germany.
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330
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Chen Y, Sun F, Zhang Y, Song G, Qiao W, Zhou K, Ren S, Zhao Q, Ren W. Comprehensive molecular characterization of circRNA-associated ceRNA network in constrictive pericarditis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:549. [PMID: 32411772 PMCID: PMC7214901 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-2912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Aberrant gene expression occurs in almost all diseases including constrictive pericarditis (CP). However, the dysregulation of genes underlying the CP remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms underlying CP and screen hub genes critical for the pathogenesis of CP. Methods Differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in pericardial tissues were screened using RNA-seq in CP patients and controls. Furthermore, functional annotation analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were carried out to investigate the potential key pathways and identify hub genes in CP. Subsequently, a ceRNA network was established and the key circRNAs were determined by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Finally, the corresponding RNA-seq results were confirmed and validated with a quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR). Results Functional annotation analysis revealed that differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs) mainly participated in inflammatory response related pathways and the 10 top genes with the highest degree in PPI network were considered as the hub genes. In addition, a total of 377 regulatory relationships among the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) could be constructed, from which a subsequent ceRNA network was also established, while the circRNAs were further validated with qRT-PCR and the key biological pathways were identified using GSEA as well. Conclusions The genes determined to have altered expression levels in CP may participate in a number of biological signaling processes leading to inflammation and fibrosis frequently encountered in CP, and, therefore, our novel findings may provide an insight into the pathogenesis, molecular biomarkers, and potential therapeutic targets in CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Military Area, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Guang Song
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Wei Qiao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Sihua Ren
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Weidong Ren
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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331
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Recent Advances in Practical Methods for Liver Cell Biology: A Short Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062027. [PMID: 32188134 PMCID: PMC7139397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular and cellular research modalities for the study of liver pathologies have been tremendously improved over the recent decades. Advanced technologies offer novel opportunities to establish cell isolation techniques with excellent purity, paving the path for 2D and 3D microscopy and high-throughput assays (e.g., bulk or single-cell RNA sequencing). The use of stem cell and organoid research will help to decipher the pathophysiology of liver diseases and the interaction between various parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells. Furthermore, sophisticated animal models of liver disease allow for the in vivo assessment of fibrogenesis, portal hypertension and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and for the preclinical testing of therapeutic strategies. The purpose of this review is to portray in detail novel in vitro and in vivo methods for the study of liver cell biology that had been presented at the workshop of the 8th meeting of the European Club for Liver Cell Biology (ECLCB-8) in October of 2018 in Bonn, Germany.
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332
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Gordon S, Plüddemann A, Mukhopadhyay S. Plasma membrane receptors of tissue macrophages: functions and role in pathology. J Pathol 2020; 250:656-666. [PMID: 32086805 DOI: 10.1002/path.5404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) constitute a dispersed organ, which is distributed throughout the body. Macrophages in different tissues display distinctive mosaic phenotypes as resident and recruited cells of embryonic and bone marrow origin, respectively. They help to maintain homeostasis during development and throughout adult life, yet contribute to the pathogenesis of many disease processes, including inflammation, innate and adaptive immunity, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Heterogeneous tissue macrophage populations display a wide variety of surface molecules to recognise and respond to host, microbial, and exogenous ligands in their environment; their receptors mediate the uptake and destruction of effete and dying host cells and pathogens, as well as contribute trophic and secretory functions within every organ in the body. Apart from local cellular interactions, macrophage surface molecules and products serve to mobilise and coordinate systemic humoral and cellular responses. Their use as antigen markers in pathogenesis and as potential drug targets has lagged in clinical pathology and human immunotherapy. In this review, we summarise the properties of selected surface molecules expressed on macrophages in different tissues and disease processes, to provide a functional basis for diagnosis, further research, and treatment. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamon Gordon
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Annette Plüddemann
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Subhankar Mukhopadhyay
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Medical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, King's College London, London, UK
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333
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Establishment and Maintenance of the Macrophage Niche. Immunity 2020; 52:434-451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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334
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Nakamoto S, Ito Y, Nishizawa N, Goto T, Kojo K, Kumamoto Y, Watanabe M, Narumiya S, Majima M. EP3 signaling in dendritic cells promotes liver repair by inducing IL-13-mediated macrophage differentiation in mice. FASEB J 2020; 34:5610-5627. [PMID: 32112485 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901955r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage plasticity is essential for liver wound healing; however, the mechanisms underlying macrophage phenotype switching are largely unknown. Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical initiators of innate immune responses; as such, they orchestrate inflammation following hepatic injury. Here, we subjected EP3-deficient (Ptger3-/- ) and wild-type (WT) mice to hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and demonstrate that signaling via the prostaglandin E (PGE) receptor EP3 in DCs regulates macrophage plasticity during liver repair. Compared with WT mice, Ptger3-/- mice showed delayed liver repair accompanied by reduced expression of hepatic growth factors and accumulation of Ly6Clow reparative macrophages and monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). MoDCs were recruited to the boundary between damaged and undamaged liver tissue in an EP3-dependent manner. Adoptive transfer of moDCs from Ptger3-/- mice resulted in impaired repair, along with increased numbers of Ly6Chigh inflammatory macrophages. Bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) up-regulated expression of genes related to a reparative macrophage phenotype when co-cultured with moDCs; this phenomenon was dependent on EP3 signaling. In the presence of an EP3 agonist, interleukin (IL)-13 derived from moDCs drove BMMs to increase expression of genes characteristic of a reparative macrophage phenotype. The results suggest that EP3 signaling in moDCs facilitates liver repair by inducing IL-13-mediated switching of macrophage phenotype from pro-inflammatory to pro-reparative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takuya Goto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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335
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336
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Immune cell regulation of glia during CNS injury and disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2020; 21:139-152. [DOI: 10.1038/s41583-020-0263-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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337
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Zhao S, Jiang J, Jing Y, Liu W, Yang X, Hou X, Gao L, Wei L. The concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α determines its protective or damaging effect on liver injury by regulating Yap activity. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:70. [PMID: 31988281 PMCID: PMC6985193 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2264-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a mediator of hepatotoxicity in liver injury. Moreover, TNF-α has also been reported to have a protective effect in liver regeneration, yet the function of TNF-α during liver injury remains controversial. Here, we report that the concentration of TNF-α determines its functions. High concentrations of TNF-α could aggravate LPS-induced liver injury. However, the TNF-α level was unchanged during APAP-induced liver injury, which exerted a protective effect. We expected that the concentration of TNF-α may affect its function. To test this hypothesis, TNF-α−/− rats or hepatocyte cells were treated with different concentrations of TNF-α. We found low TNF-α could reduce the levels of ALT and AST in the plasma of TNF-α−/− rats and promote the proliferation of hepatocyte cells. However, the levels of ALT and AST increased gradually with increasing TNF-α concentration after reaching the lowest value. Moreover, we showed that TNF-α affects the cell proliferation and cell death of hepatocytes by regulating Yap activity. Low TNF-α promoted Yap1 nuclear translocation, triggering the proliferation of hepatocytes. However, high TNF-α triggered the phosphorylation and inactivation of Yap1, preventing its nuclear import and consequently promoting cell death. Collectively, our findings provide novel evidence that the concentration of TNF-α is an important factor affecting its function in liver injury, which may provide a reference for the clinical treatment of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmin Zhao
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China.,Laboratory Animal Center of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jinghua Jiang
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yingying Jing
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wenting Liu
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiaojuan Hou
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lixin Wei
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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338
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Daemen S, Schilling JD. The Interplay Between Tissue Niche and Macrophage Cellular Metabolism in Obesity. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3133. [PMID: 32038642 PMCID: PMC6987434 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with the development of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The presence of chronic, low-grade inflammation appears to be an important mechanistic link between excess nutrients and clinical disease. The onset of these metabolic disorders coincides with changes in the number and phenotype of macrophages in peripheral organs, particularly in the liver and adipose tissue. Macrophage accumulation in these tissues has been implicated in tissue inflammation and fibrosis, contributing to metabolic disease progression. Recently, the concept has emerged that changes in macrophage metabolism affects their functional phenotype, possibly triggered by distinct environmental metabolic cues. This may be of particular importance in the setting of obesity, where both liver and adipose tissue are faced with a high metabolic burden. In the first part of this review we will discuss current knowledge regarding macrophage dynamics in both adipose tissue and liver in obesity. Then in the second part, we will highlight data linking macrophage metabolism to functional phenotype with an emphasis on macrophage activation in metabolic disease. The importance of understanding how tissue niche influences macrophage function in obesity will be highlighted. In addition, we will identify important knowledge gaps and outstanding questions that are relevant for future research in this area and will facilitate the identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention in associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Daemen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Joel D Schilling
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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339
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Van Wyngene L, Vanderhaeghen T, Timmermans S, Vandewalle J, Van Looveren K, Souffriau J, Wallaeys C, Eggermont M, Ernst S, Van Hamme E, Gonçalves A, Eelen G, Remmerie A, Scott CL, Rombouts C, Vanhaecke L, De Bus L, Decruyenaere J, Carmeliet P, Libert C. Hepatic PPARα function and lipid metabolic pathways are dysregulated in polymicrobial sepsis. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e11319. [PMID: 31916705 PMCID: PMC7005534 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite intensive research and constant medical progress, sepsis remains one of the most urgent unmet medical needs of today. Most studies have been focused on the inflammatory component of the disease; however, recent advances support the notion that sepsis is accompanied by extensive metabolic perturbations. During times of limited caloric intake and high energy needs, the liver acts as the central metabolic hub in which PPARα is crucial to coordinate the breakdown of fatty acids. The role of hepatic PPARα in liver dysfunction during sepsis has hardly been explored. We demonstrate that sepsis leads to a starvation response that is hindered by the rapid decline of hepatic PPARα levels, causing excess free fatty acids, leading to lipotoxicity, and glycerol. In addition, treatment of mice with the PPARα agonist pemafibrate protects against bacterial sepsis by improving hepatic PPARα function, reducing lipotoxicity and tissue damage. Since lipolysis is also increased in sepsis patients and pemafibrate protects after the onset of sepsis, these findings may point toward new therapeutic leads in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Van Wyngene
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tineke Vanderhaeghen
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Timmermans
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Vandewalle
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Van Looveren
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Souffriau
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Wallaeys
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Melanie Eggermont
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sam Ernst
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelien Van Hamme
- Bio Imaging Core, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Amanda Gonçalves
- Bio Imaging Core, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Eelen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Biology, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anneleen Remmerie
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte L Scott
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Caroline Rombouts
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liesbet De Bus
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johan Decruyenaere
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Biology, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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340
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Browaeys R, Saelens W, Saeys Y. NicheNet: modeling intercellular communication by linking ligands to target genes. Nat Methods 2019; 17:159-162. [DOI: 10.1038/s41592-019-0667-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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341
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Blériot C, Ginhoux F. Understanding the Heterogeneity of Resident Liver Macrophages. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2694. [PMID: 31803196 PMCID: PMC6877662 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Resident tissue macrophages (RTMs) are cells with a high functional plasticity assuming pleiotropic roles in their tissue of residence, from clearance of dead cells and metabolic sensing in steady state to cytokine production and tissue repair during inflammation. The liver has long been considered as only populated by Kupffer cells (KCs), a macrophage population assumed to be in charge of all of these functions. However, we know now that KCs are not the only macrophage population in the liver, that recently was shown to contain also capsular macrophages, monocyte-derived macrophages as well as recruited peritoneal macrophages inherited from previous inflammatory events. These macrophages exhibit different origins, time of establishing residence and locations in the liver, with both ontogenical and environmental factors shaping their identity and functions. Furthermore, liver macrophages reside in a complex environment with a pronounced metabolic zonation. Here, we briefly discuss how these intrinsic and extrinsic factors influence macrophage biology and liver physiology in general. We notably focus on how the recent advances of single cell transcriptomic approaches are changing our understanding of liver macrophages and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Blériot
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
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342
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Chiaranunt P, Burrows K, Ngai L, Mortha A. Isolation of mononuclear phagocytes from the mouse gut. Methods Enzymol 2019; 632:67-90. [PMID: 32000915 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal tract is home to trillions of microbes that make up the gut microbiota and is a major source of environmental antigens that can be derived from food, commensal microorganisms, and potential pathogens. Amidst this complex environment, myeloid cells, including macrophages (MPs) and dendritic cells (DCs), are key immunological sentinels that locally maintain both tissue and immune homeostasis. Recent research has revealed substantial functional and developmental heterogeneity within the intestinal DC and MP compartments, with evidence pointing to their regulation by the microbiota. DCs are classically divided into three subsets based on their CD103 and CD11b expression: CD103+CD11b-(XCR1+) cDC1s, CD103+CD11b+ cDC2s, and CD103-CD11b+ cDC2s. Meanwhile, mature gut MPs have recently been classified by their expression of Tim-4 and CD4 into a long-lived, self-maintaining Tim-4+CD4+ population and short-lived, monocyte-derived Tim-4-CD4+ and Tim-4-CD4- populations. In this chapter, we provide experimental procedures to classify and isolate these myeloid subsets from the murine intestinal lamina propria for functional characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pailin Chiaranunt
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kyle Burrows
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Louis Ngai
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arthur Mortha
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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