401
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Protein ISGylation and free ISG15 levels are increased by interferon gamma in breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:973-978. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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402
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Maubant S, Tahtouh T, Brisson A, Maire V, Némati F, Tesson B, Ye M, Rigaill G, Noizet M, Dumont A, Gentien D, Marty-Prouvost B, de Koning L, Mahmood SF, Decaudin D, Cruzalegui F, Tucker GC, Roman-Roman S, Dubois T. LRP5 regulates the expression of STK40, a new potential target in triple-negative breast cancers. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22586-22604. [PMID: 29854300 PMCID: PMC5978250 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) account for a large proportion of breast cancer deaths, due to the high rate of recurrence from residual, resistant tumor cells. New treatments are needed, to bypass chemoresistance and improve survival. The WNT pathway, which is activated in TNBCs, has been identified as an attractive pathway for treatment targeting. We analyzed expression of the WNT coreceptors LRP5 and LRP6 in human breast cancer samples. As previously described, LRP6 was overexpressed in TNBCs. However, we also showed, for the first time, that LRP5 was overexpressed in TNBCs too. The knockdown of LRP5 or LRP6 decreased tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo, identifying both receptors as potential treatment targets in TNBC. The apoptotic effect of LRP5 knockdown was more robust than that of LRP6 depletion. We analyzed and compared the transcriptomes of cells depleted of LRP5 or LRP6, to identify genes specifically deregulated by LRP5 potentially implicated in cell death. We identified serine/threonine kinase 40 (STK40) as one of two genes specifically downregulated soon after LRP5 depletion. STK40 was found to be overexpressed in TNBCs, relative to other breast cancer subtypes, and in various other tumor types. STK40 depletion decreased cell viability and colony formation, and induced the apoptosis of TNBC cells. In addition, STK40 knockdown impaired growth in an anchorage-independent manner in vitro and slowed tumor growth in vivo. These findings identify the largely uncharacterized putative protein kinase STK40 as a novel candidate treatment target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Maubant
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, Paris, France
| | - Tania Tahtouh
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Brisson
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Maire
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, Paris, France
| | - Fariba Némati
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Preclinical Investigation Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Tesson
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U900, Paris, France
| | - Mengliang Ye
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, Paris, France
| | - Guillem Rigaill
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR 1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Orsay, France.,Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Modélisation d'Evry (LaMME), Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, UMR CNRS 8071, ENSIIE, USC INRA, Évry, France
| | - Maïté Noizet
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Dumont
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, Paris, France
| | - David Gentien
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Genomics Platform, Paris, France
| | - Bérengère Marty-Prouvost
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, Paris, France
| | - Leanne de Koning
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Reverse-Phase Protein Array Platform, Paris, France
| | - Sardar Faisal Mahmood
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, Paris, France
| | - Didier Decaudin
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Preclinical Investigation Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Francisco Cruzalegui
- Oncology Research and Development Unit, Institut de Recherches SERVIER, Croissy-Sur-Seine, France
| | - Gordon C Tucker
- Oncology Research and Development Unit, Institut de Recherches SERVIER, Croissy-Sur-Seine, France
| | - Sergio Roman-Roman
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Dubois
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, Paris, France
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403
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Mansoori Y, Tabei MB, Askari A, Izadi P, Daraei A, Naghizadeh MM, Zendehbad Z, Bastami M, Nariman-Saleh-Fam Z, Mansoori H, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J. A link between expression level of long-non-coding RNA ZFAS1 in breast tissue of healthy women and obesity. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 33:500-506. [PMID: 29690801 DOI: 10.1177/1724600818762258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological and experimental literature indicates that the risk of breast cancer incidence is strongly linked to hormone-dependent factors, including reproductive history and obesity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the association between these factors and breast cancer risk are poorly understood. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine whether obesity and reproductive history are associated with expression levels of two breast cancer-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), namely ZFAS1 and SRA1 in cancer-free breast tissues of women. METHODS In the current research, 145 healthy women were recruited, and the quantitative expression levels of the two lncRNAs were determined through qPCR assay after gathering the mammoplasty breast tissue samples. RESULTS It was found that women with body mass index (BMI)≥30 kg/m2 and BMI 25-29 kg/m2 show a low expression of ZFAS1 compared to the BMI<25 kg/m2 (P=0.031 and P=0.027, respectively). Then, the correlation analysis disclosed a negative correlation of ZFAS1 low expression with increasing BMI (r=-0.194, P=0.019). Interestingly, this analysis demonstrated a negative correlation between low expression of the ZFAS1 and high BMI in women with menarche age below 14 (r=-221; P=0.028). Lastly, it was also revealed that there was a negative association of the low expression level of ZFAS1 with increasing BMI in women through regression models (B=-0.048, P=0.019). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest interesting clues about the links between high BMI and the expression levels of ZFAS1 in non-diseased breasts that may help us better understand the underlying mechanisms through which obesity contributes to breast carcinogenesis. However, such results need more validations in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Mansoori
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagher Tabei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Askari
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.,Bone and Joint Reconstraction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Haspital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Pantea Izadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Daraei
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Zendehbad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ziba Nariman-Saleh-Fam
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hosein Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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404
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Development of a mouse model for the visual and quantitative assessment of lymphatic trafficking and function by in vivo imaging. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5921. [PMID: 29651026 PMCID: PMC5897414 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23693-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods for quantitative analysis of long distance lymphatic transport of nanoparticles in live animals are yet to be established. We established a mouse model for analysis of time-dependent transport just beneath the abdominal skin to investigate lymph node-to-lymph node trafficking by in vivo imaging. For this purpose, popliteal lymph nodes (PLNs) as well as efferent and afferent lymphatic vessels, marginal veins, and feeding blood vessels were surgically resected to change the lymphatic flow from footpad injections. Using this model, we observed a novel lymphatic flow from the footpad to the proper axillary lymph node (ALN) via the inguinal lymph node (ILN). This drainage pathway was maintained over 12 weeks. Time-dependent transportation of 1,1′-dioctadecyltetramethyl indotricarbocyanine iodide-labelled liposomes from the footpad to the ILN was successfully quantified by an in vivo imaging system. Moreover, congestion and development of a new collateral lymphatic route was visualised under a lymphedema status. Histological analysis of abdominal skin tissues of this model revealed that PLN resection had no effect on the abdominal lymphatic system between the ILN and ALN. These data indicate that this model might be useful to clarify the mechanisms of lymphedema and study direct transportation of lymph or other substances between lymph nodes.
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405
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Yehya AHS, Asif M, Petersen SH, Subramaniam AV, Kono K, Majid AMSA, Oon CE. Angiogenesis: Managing the Culprits behind Tumorigenesis and Metastasis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2018; 54:E8. [PMID: 30344239 PMCID: PMC6037250 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated angiogenesis has been identified as a key contributor in a number of pathological conditions including cancer. It is a complex process, which involves highly regulated interaction of multiple signalling molecules. The pro-angiogenic signalling molecule, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its cognate receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), which is often highly expressed in majority of human cancers, plays a central role in tumour angiogenesis. Owing to the importance of tumour vasculature in carcinogenesis, tumour blood vessels have emerged as an excellent therapeutic target. The anti-angiogenic therapies have been shown to arrest growth of solid tumours through multiple mechanisms, halting the expansion of tumour vasculature and transient normalization of tumour vasculature which help in the improvement of blood flow resulting in more uniform delivery of cytotoxic agents to the core of tumour mass. This also helps in reduction of hypoxia and interstitial pressure leading to reduced chemotherapy resistance and more uniform delivery of cytotoxic agents at the targeted site. Thus, complimentary combination of different agents that target multiple molecules in the angiogenic cascade may optimize inhibition of angiogenesis and improve clinical benefit in the cancer patients. This review provides an update on the current trend in exploitation of angiogenesis pathways as a strategy in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwaq Hamid Salem Yehya
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Sven Hans Petersen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Ayappa V Subramaniam
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Koji Kono
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
- School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Amin Malik Shah Abdul Majid
- EMAN Testing and Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton 0200, Australia.
| | - Chern Ein Oon
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
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406
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Turner TH, Alzubi MA, Sohal SS, Olex AL, Dozmorov MG, Harrell JC. Characterizing the efficacy of cancer therapeutics in patient-derived xenograft models of metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018. [PMID: 29532339 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Basal-like breast cancers are aggressive and often metastasize to vital organs. Treatment is largely limited to chemotherapy. This study aims to characterize the efficacy of cancer therapeutics in vitro and in vivo within the primary tumor and metastatic setting, using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. METHODS We employed two basal-like, triple-negative PDX models, WHIM2 and WHIM30. PDX cells, obtained from mammary tumors grown in mice, were treated with twelve cancer therapeutics to evaluate their cytotoxicity in vitro. Four of the effective drugs-carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dacarbazine-were tested in vivo for their efficacy in treating mammary tumors, and metastases generated by intracardiac injection of tumor cells. RESULTS RNA sequencing showed that global gene expression of PDX cells grown in the mammary gland was similar to those tested in culture. In vitro, carboplatin was cytotoxic to WHIM30 but not WHIM2, whereas bortezomib, dacarbazine, and cyclophosphamide were cytotoxic to both lines. Yet, these drugs were ineffective in treating both primary and metastatic WHIM2 tumors in vivo. Carboplatin and cyclophosphamide were effective in treating WHIM30 mammary tumors and reducing metastatic burden in the brain, liver, and lungs. WHIM2 and WHIM30 metastases showed distinct patterns of cytokeratin and vimentin expression, regardless of treatment, suggesting that different tumor cell subpopulations may preferentially seed in different organs. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the utility of PDX models for studying the efficacy of therapeutics in reducing metastatic burden in specific organs. The differential treatment responses between two PDX models of the same intrinsic subtype, in both the primary and metastatic setting, recapitulates the challenges faced in treating cancer patients and highlights the need for combination therapies and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia H Turner
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Mohammad A Alzubi
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,Integrative Life Sciences Doctoral Program, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Sahib S Sohal
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Amy L Olex
- Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Mikhail G Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - J Chuck Harrell
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. .,Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. .,Integrative Life Sciences Doctoral Program, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. .,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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407
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Retzbach EP, Sheehan SA, Nevel EM, Batra A, Phi T, Nguyen ATP, Kato Y, Baredes S, Fatahzadeh M, Shienbaum AJ, Goldberg GS. Podoplanin emerges as a functionally relevant oral cancer biomarker and therapeutic target. Oral Oncol 2018; 78:126-136. [PMID: 29496040 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer has become one of the most aggressive types of cancer, killing 140,000 people worldwide every year. Current treatments for oral cancer include surgery and radiation therapies. These procedures can be very effective; however, they can also drastically decrease the quality of life for survivors. New chemotherapeutic treatments are needed to more effectively combat oral cancer. The transmembrane receptor podoplanin (PDPN) has emerged as a functionally relevant oral cancer biomarker and chemotherapeutic target. PDPN expression promotes tumor cell migration leading to oral cancer invasion and metastasis. Here, we describe the role of PDPN in oral squamous cell carcinoma progression, and how it may be exploited to prevent and treat oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward P Retzbach
- Department of Molecular Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
| | - Stephanie A Sheehan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
| | - Evan M Nevel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
| | - Amber Batra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
| | - Tran Phi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
| | - Angels T P Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
| | - Yukinari Kato
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University; Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Soly Baredes
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Mahnaz Fatahzadeh
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, New Jersey School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103 USA
| | - Alan J Shienbaum
- Department of Pathology, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
| | - Gary S Goldberg
- Department of Molecular Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA.
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408
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Haugen B, Karinshak SE, Mann VH, Popratiloff A, Loukas A, Brindley PJ, Smout MJ. Granulin Secreted by the Food-Borne Liver Fluke Opisthorchis viverrini Promotes Angiogenesis in Human Endothelial Cells. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:30. [PMID: 29503819 PMCID: PMC5820972 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini is a food-borne, zoonotic pathogen endemic to Thailand and adjacent countries in Southeast Asia. The adult developmental stage of the O. viverrini parasite excretes and secretes numerous proteins within the biliary tract including the gall bladder. Lesions caused by the feeding activities of the liver fluke represent wounds that undergo protracted cycles of healing and re-injury during chronic infection, which can last for decades. Components of the excretory/secretory (ES) complement released by the worms capably drive proliferation of bile duct epithelial cells and are implicated in establishing the oncogenic milieu that leads to bile duct cancer, cholangiocarcinoma. An ES protein, the secreted granulin-like growth factor termed Ov-GRN-1, accelerates wound resolution in mice and in vitro. To investigate angiogenesis (blood vessel development) that may contribute to wound healing promoted by liver fluke granulin and, by implication, to carcinogenesis during chronic opisthorchiasis, we employed an in vitro tubule formation assay (TFA) where human umbilical vein endothelial cells were grown on gelled basement matrix. Ten and 40 nM Ov-GRN-1 significantly stimulated angiogenesis as monitored by cellular proliferation and by TFA in real time. This demonstration of potent angiogenic property of Ov-GRN-1 bolsters earlier reports on the therapeutic potential for chronic non-healing wounds of diabetics, tobacco users, and the elderly and, in addition, showcases another of the hallmark of cancer characteristic of this carcinogenic liver fluke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Haugen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Biology, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Shannon E Karinshak
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Victoria H Mann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Anastas Popratiloff
- Nanofabrication and Imaging Center, Office of VP for Research, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul J Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Michael J Smout
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
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409
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Looking for the Word "Angiogenesis" in the History of Health Sciences: From Ancient Times to the First Decades of the Twentieth Century. World J Surg 2018; 41:1625-1634. [PMID: 27491322 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-016-3680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review deals with the origin of the term "angiogenesis", with an attention to John Hunter who is credited with this neologism. A part of the literature refers to a Hunter's work dating 1787, and the other part claims the first use of the term "angiogenesis" in the Hunter's masterpiece published in 1794. Since we were unable to find the term "angiogenesis" in Hunter's works, this review attempts to bring a new contribution to the historical research of this important concept, moving from ancient times to the first decades of the twentieth century, when "angiogenesis" begun to appear on titles of scientific articles. The development of the knowledge on the cardiocirculatory system and the principal steps of this fascinating subject were examined, with particular regard to microvascular bed and vessel sprouting, and to the intriguing observations on blood vessel neoformation that have been also made in the premicroscopic era. In Hunter's works, the concept of angiogenesis indeed emerges, but not the term "angiogenesis". The scientific language occurring during Hunter's time was still old-fashioned, and the term "angiogenesis" was not one of those he used, rather a much later neologism that sounds too modern to appear in that context. Would the first appearance of the term "angiogenesis" occur in late nineteenth century in studies dealing with embryogenesis and organ vascularization? The present study aims to explore the scientific literature and to open a debate to better define this matter.
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410
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Lu Z, Wang F, Yu P, Wang X, Wang Y, Tang ST, Zhu HQ. Inhibition of miR-29b suppresses MAPK signaling pathway through targeting SPRY1 in atherosclerosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 102:29-36. [PMID: 29398368 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of atherosclerosis (AS), a severe condition associated with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), is still not satisfactory worldwide. In this study, we aim to investigate whether protein sprout homologue 1 (SPRY1), a upstream mediator of MAPK signal pathway, is the target of miR-29b in vascular endothelium during the development of AS. ApoE-/- mice model was established, and an inverse correlation was noticed between level of miR-29b and SPRY1 expression in the aortic tissues. Meanwhile, the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression and NADPH oxidase activity were up-regulated in atherosclerotic tissues. In vitro experiments were carried out to investigate the roles of miR-29b in regulating the expression of SPRY1 in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We found that miR-29b mimic and antagomir could modulate the expression of SPRY1 protein in cultured HUVECs. However, the expression of SPRY1 mRNA showed no statistical difference when treating with miR-29b mimic or antagomir. These indicated that the modulation of SPRY1 induced by miR-29b was at the posttranslational level. Dural luciferase reporter assay was conducted to detect the potential interaction between miR-29b and the 3'UTR of SPRY1, which indicated that SPRY1 was a target of miR-29b. Besides, miR-29b antagomir induced decrease of TNF-α, ROS production and NADPH oxidase activity and down-regulated the expression of p-ERK and p-p38 in the presence of oxLDL. In conclusion, inhibition of miR-29b could attenuate AS by inhibiting the SPRY1/MAPK signaling pathway and inflammation in aorta. In future, treatment options based on miR-29b may be applicable for the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Pei Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Song-Tao Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Hua-Qing Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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411
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Filardo EJ. A role for G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in estrogen-induced carcinogenesis: Dysregulated glandular homeostasis, survival and metastasis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 176:38-48. [PMID: 28595943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of carcinogenesis by estrogen center on its mitogenic and genotoxic potential on tumor target cells. These models suggest that estrogen receptor (ER) signaling promotes expansion of the transformed population and that subsequent accumulation of somatic mutations that drive cancer progression occur via metabolic activation of cathecol estrogens or by epigenetic mechanisms. Recent findings that GPER is linked to obesity, vascular pathology and immunosuppression, key events in the development of metabolic syndrome and intra-tissular estrogen synthesis, provides an alternate view of estrogen-induced carcinogenesis. Consistent with this concept, GPER is directly associated with clinicopathological indices that predict cancer progression and poor survival in breast and gynecological cancers. Moreover, GPER manifests cell biological responses and a microenvironment conducive for tumor development and cancer progression, regulating cellular responses associated with glandular homeostasis and survival, invading surrounding tissue and attracting a vascular supply. Thus, the cellular actions attributed to GPER fit well with the known molecular mechanisms of G-protein coupled receptors, GPCRs, namely, their ability to transactivate integrins and EGF receptors and alter the interaction between glandular epithelia and their extracellular environment, affecting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and allowing for tumor cell survival and dissemination. This perspective reviews the molecular and cellular responses manifested by GPER and evaluates its contribution to female reproductive cancers as diseases that progress as a result of dysregulated glandular homeostasis resulting in chronic inflammation and metastasis. This review is organized in sections as follows: I) a brief synopsis of the current state of knowledge regarding estrogen-induced carcinogenesis, II) a review of evidence from clinical and animal-based studies that support a role for GPER in cancer progression, and III) a mechanistic framework describing how GPER-mediated estrogen action may influence the tumor and its microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Filardo
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02818, United States.
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412
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Moudi B, Heidari Z, Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb H, Alavian SM, Lankarani KB, Farrokh P, Randel Nyengaard J. Concomitant use of heat-shock protein 70, glutamine synthetase and glypican-3 is useful in diagnosis of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma with higher specificity and sensitivity. Eur J Histochem 2018; 62:2859. [PMID: 29569872 PMCID: PMC5806503 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2018.2859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and late diagnosis is the main cause of death in HCC patients. In this study expression patterns of HSP70, GPC3 and GS and their relationships with pathogenesis of HCC in Iranian patients were investigated. The expression of HSP70, GPC3 and GS were determined by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) methods, using 121 cases from patients with HBV alone, HCC without HBV, HBV+HCC and 30 normal tissues as control group. HSP70, GPC3 and GS were expressed in higher levels in HBV-related HCC samples compared to HBV alone group. The results showed that the labeling index of HSP70, GPC3 and GS are correlated with immunohistochemical and molecular expressions of HSP70, GPC3 and GS. The sensitivity and specificity for HCC diagnosis were 43.4% and 89.7% for HSP70, 64.3% and 90.4% for GPC3, and 60.7% and 94.3% for GS, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the panels with 3, 2 and 1 positive markers, regardless of which one, were 21.6% and 100%, 51.3% and 100% and 93.4% and 80.5% respectively. The current study demonstrated an association between HSP70, GPC3 and GS expressions and HBV-related HCC in our population. It was concluded that HSP70, GPC3 and GS expressions could be useful biomarkers for increasing the specificity and sensitivity of HCC diagnosis to acceptable level. Also, proper combinations of these 3 markers could improve diagnostic accuracy.
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413
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Wang JZ, Xiong YJ, Man GCW, Chen XY, Kwong J, Wang CC. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of blood microvessel density in endometrial cancer: a meta-analysis and subgroup analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 297:731-740. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-018-4648-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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414
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Zhang P, Zhou H, Lu K, Lu Y, Wang Y, Feng T. Exosome-mediated delivery of MALAT1 induces cell proliferation in breast cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:291-299. [PMID: 29386907 PMCID: PMC5767090 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s155134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Cancer-secreted exosomes have recently been recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication. The aim of this study was to determine the role of exosomal long noncoding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in breast cancer progression. Materials and methods Breast cancer specimens were obtained with informed consent from patients. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect MALAT1 expression, and cellular proliferation was measured using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Results MALAT1 was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and associated with disease progression. Breast cancer exosomes promoted cell proliferation and exosome-mediated MALAT1 to induce cell proliferation. Conclusion These findings indicated that exosomal MALAT1 could regulate cancer progression and represent a novel strategy for overcoming breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunou Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongbao Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
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415
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Xia Y, Deng X, Cao M, Liu S, Zhang X, Xiao X, Shen S, Hu Q, Sheng W. Nanodiamond-based layer-by-layer nanohybrids mediate targeted delivery of miR-34a for triple negative breast cancer therapy. RSC Adv 2018; 8:13789-13797. [PMID: 35539318 PMCID: PMC9079810 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00907d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer and significantly associated with poor prognosis and high risk of recurrence. miR-34a has been identified as a potent tumor suppressor whose expression is dramatically downregulated in TNBC. Currently, rectification of miRNA abnormality serves as a novel tumor therapeutic strategy. miR-34a is thus used as powerful antitumor agent for miRNA-based therapy against TNBC. However, miRNA-based antitumor therapy is challenged by effective targeted delivery of miRNA. In the present study, nanodiamond (ND), protamine (PS) and folic acid (FA) were used to construct ND-based layer-by-layer nanohybrids through a self-assembly approach for targeted miR-34a delivery in TNBC cells and xenograft TNBC tumors. We found that the targeted delivery of miR-34a remarkably suppressed cell proliferation, migration and induced the apoptosis of TNBC cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo via down-regulating Fra-1 expression. The data suggest a great potential of ND-based nanohybrids for targeted intratumoral delivery of miR-34a for TNBC therapy. The construction of nanodiamond-based layer-by-layer nanohybrids.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiongwei Deng
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Minjun Cao
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Sha Liu
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangqian Xiao
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Sisi Shen
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Qin Hu
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Wang Sheng
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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416
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Suttiprapa S, Sotillo J, Smout M, Suyapoh W, Chaiyadet S, Tripathi T, Laha T, Loukas A. Opisthorchis viverrini Proteome and Host-Parasite Interactions. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2018; 102:45-72. [PMID: 30442310 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The omics technologies have improved our understanding of the molecular events that underpin host-parasite interactions and the pathogenesis of parasitic diseases. In the last decade, proteomics and genomics in particular have been used to characterize the surface and secreted products of the carcinogenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini and revealed important roles for proteins at the host-parasite interface to ensure that the flukes can migrate, feed and reproduce in a hostile environment. This review summarizes the advances made in this area, primarily focusing on discoveries enabled by the publication of the fluke secreted proteomes over the last decade. Protein families that will be covered include proteases, antioxidants, oncogenic proteins and the secretion of exosome-like extracellular vesicles. Roles of these proteins in host-parasite interactions and pathogenesis of fluke-induced hepatobiliary diseases, including cholangiocarcinogenesis, are discussed. Future directions for the application of this knowledge to control infection and disease will also be discussed.
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417
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Mayoral-Varo V, Calcabrini A, Sánchez-Bailón MP, Martín-Pérez J. miR205 inhibits stem cell renewal in SUM159PT breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188637. [PMID: 29182685 PMCID: PMC5705145 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
miR205 has a dual activity, as tumor suppressor and as oncogene. Here we analyzed the impact of miR205 ectopic expression in the initial tumorigenic processes of SUM159PT, a triple negative breast cancer cell line with low endogenous levels of miR205. In SUM159PT, miR205 inhibited expression of its targets VEGFA, ErbB3, Zeb1, Fyn and Lyn A/B; it reduced cell proliferation, and Myc/cyclin D1 levels, while increased p27kip1 expression. miR205 abolished anchorage-independent growth, inhibited migration and invasion, Src-kinases/Stat3 axis activation, and levels of secreted MMP9. miR205 also reduced expression of CD44 and TAZ, E2A.E12, Twist, Snail1 and CK5, associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Importantly, we show that miR205 inhibited SUM159PT cancer-stem cell renewal, expression in mammospheres of CD44 and ALDH1 stem-cell markers, TAZ, and E2A.E12. All these effects of miR205 were reverted by Anti-miR205 co-expression, demonstrating its specificity. Thus, all these results strongly suggest that ectopic expression of miR205 in SUM159PT affected several parameters associated with initial steps of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Mayoral-Varo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas A. Sols (CSIC/UAM), 4 Arturo Duperier, Madrid, Spain
| | - Annarica Calcabrini
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas A. Sols (CSIC/UAM), 4 Arturo Duperier, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Pilar Sánchez-Bailón
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas A. Sols (CSIC/UAM), 4 Arturo Duperier, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Martín-Pérez
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas A. Sols (CSIC/UAM), 4 Arturo Duperier, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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418
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Ahmadizar F, Voortman T. Arterial stiffness in childhood: A predictor for later cardiovascular disease? Eur J Prev Cardiol 2017; 25:100-102. [PMID: 29154683 PMCID: PMC5724587 DOI: 10.1177/2047487317743046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Ahmadizar
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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419
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Gao S, Zheng X, Wu J. A biolayer interferometry-based enzyme-linked aptamer sorbent assay for real-time and highly sensitive detection of PDGF-BB. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 102:57-62. [PMID: 29125972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Accurate, fast and sensitive detection of disease-specific protein biomarkers, especially in blood, urine, or other bodily fluids, is an important approach to achieve early disease diagnosis. Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), a widely used biomarker, is involved in a substantial number of serious diseases, such as hepatic fibrosis, atherosclerosis, age-related macular degeneration and diabetic eye disease and is often over-expressed in human malignant tumors. Therefore, the development of sensitive and specific detection methods for PDGF-BB is of great importance for the early diagnosis of disease and assessments of patient recovery. In the current study, a biolayer interferometry-based enzyme-linked aptamer sorbent assay (BLI-ELASA) was successfully established for rapid (20-25min), high-throughput (8 or 16 samples) and real-time monitoring of PDGF-BB in clinical samples. The method exhibited a broad detection range from 0.5 to 1000ng/mL of PDGF-BB (good linear range from 0.5 to 10ng/mL), with a low detection limit of 0.08ng/mL. Moreover, BLI-ELASA was applied to the detection of PDGF-BB in spiked serum and urine samples and showed a high degree of selectivity for PDGF-BB, good reproducibility, and stability. We believe that the methodology in this work can be easily adapted to detect other biomolecules in clinical samples, including viruses, pathogens and toxins, in a rapid, sensitive, high-throughput and real-time manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunxiang Gao
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihong Wu
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.
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420
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Špirić Z, Eri Ž, Erić M. Lymphatic vessel density and VEGF-C expression as independent predictors of melanoma metastases. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2017; 70:1653-1659. [PMID: 28756123 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2017.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In many patients, the clinical behaviour of cutaneous melanoma is very difficult to predict by traditional histologic and clinical parameters. This study aimed to examine the role of quantitative parameters of tumour lymphangiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C in predicting metastatic risk in patients with cutaneous melanoma. METHODS One hundred melanoma specimens were stained with lymphatic-specific antibody D2-40 and with anti-VEGF-C antibody. Quantitative parameters of lymphangiogenesis-lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and lymphatic vessel area (LVA)-were determined by computer-assisted morphometric analysis. Moderate or strong staining was assessed as a positive expression of VEGF-C in tumour cells. RESULTS Univariate analysis revealed that intratumoural LVD, peritumoural LVD, VEGF-C expression in tumour cells, melanoma thickness, Clark level, ulceration, gender and histologic type were significant predictors of lymph node metastasis (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.005, p = 0.005, p = 0.011 and p = 0.027, respectively). No significant association of intratumoural and peritumoural LVA with metastases was found. In multivariate analysis, independent predictors of metastatic risks were melanoma thickness [odds ratio OR = 1.655, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.102-2.484, p = 0.015], intratumoural LVD (OR = 1.086, 95% CI 1.027-1.148, p = 0.004), peritumoural LVD (OR = 1.050, 95% CI 1.008-1.094, p = 0.020) and a positive VEGF-C expression in tumour cells (OR = 20.337, 95% CI 2.579-160.350, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS This study identified intratumoural and peritumoural LVD and the VEGF-C expression in tumour cells as more significant predictors of metastatic risk than melanoma thickness, ulceration and other clinical-pathological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorica Špirić
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Thyroid Gland Diseases, University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska, 12 Beba bb Street, 78 000, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Živka Eri
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Put Doktora Goldmana Street, 21 204, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Mirela Erić
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3 Street, 21 000, Novi Sad, Serbia
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421
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DeBerge M, Zhang S, Glinton K, Grigoryeva L, Hussein I, Vorovich E, Ho K, Luo X, Thorp EB. Efferocytosis and Outside-In Signaling by Cardiac Phagocytes. Links to Repair, Cellular Programming, and Intercellular Crosstalk in Heart. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1428. [PMID: 29163503 PMCID: PMC5671945 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytic sensing and engulfment of dying cells and extracellular bodies initiate an intracellular signaling cascade within the phagocyte that can polarize cellular function and promote communication with neighboring non-phagocytes. Accumulating evidence links phagocytic signaling in the heart to cardiac development, adult myocardial homeostasis, and the resolution of cardiac inflammation of infectious, ischemic, and aging-associated etiology. Phagocytic clearance in the heart may be carried out by professional phagocytes, such as macrophages, and non-professional cells, including myofibrolasts and potentially epithelial cells. During cardiac development, phagocytosis initiates growth cues for early cardiac morphogenesis. In diseases of aging, including myocardial infarction, heightened levels of cell death require efficient phagocytic debridement to salvage further loss of terminally differentiated adult cardiomyocytes. Additional risk factors, including insulin resistance and other systemic risk factors, contribute to inefficient phagocytosis, altered phagocytic signaling, and delayed cardiac inflammation resolution. Under such conditions, inflammatory presentation of myocardial antigen may lead to autoimmunity and even possible rejection of transplanted heart allografts. Increased understanding of these basic mechanisms offers therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew DeBerge
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kristofor Glinton
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Luba Grigoryeva
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Islam Hussein
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Esther Vorovich
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Karen Ho
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Xunrong Luo
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Edward B Thorp
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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422
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Lee YC, Chang WW, Chen YY, Tsai YH, Chou YH, Tseng HC, Chen HL, Wu CC, Chang-Chien J, Lee HT, Yang HF, Wang BY. Hsp90α Mediates BMI1 Expression in Breast Cancer Stem/Progenitor Cells through Facilitating Nuclear Translocation of c-Myc and EZH2. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091986. [PMID: 28914785 PMCID: PMC5618635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone that facilitates the correct folding and functionality of its client protein. Numerous Hsp90-client proteins are involved in cancer development. Thus, Hsp90 inhibitors have potential applications as anti-cancer drugs. We previously discovered that Hsp90α expression increased in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which can initiate tumorigenesis and metastasis and resist treatment. In the present study, we further demonstrated that 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG), an inhibitor of Hsp90, could suppress the self-renewal of BCSCs by downregulating B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (BMI1), a polycomb family member with oncogenic activity in breast cancer. Through immunoprecipitation analysis, we found that BMI1 did not interact with Hsp90α and that the downregulation of BMI1 by 17-DMAG was mediated by the inhibition of c-Myc and enhancement of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) expression. The transcriptional and BMI1 promoter-binding activities of c-Myc in BCSCs were inhibited by 17-DMAG treatment. The overexpression of EZH2 attenuated the inhibitory effect of 17-DMAG on BMI1 and c-Myc expression. Furthermore, Hsp90α could be co-immunoprecipitated with c-Myc and EZH2 and bind to the BMI1 promoter. Treatment with 17-DMAG decreased the nuclear expression of EZH2 and c-Myc but not that of Hsp90α. In conclusion, our data suggested that Hsp90α could positively regulate the self-renewal of BCSCs by facilitating the nuclear translocation of c-Myc and EZH2 to maintain BMI1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Chun Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Wei Chang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ying Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Hung Tsai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Hsien-Chun Tseng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Lin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Chieh Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Ju Chang-Chien
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Hsueh-Te Lee
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Huei-Fan Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, Chung shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Bing-Yen Wang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City 50006, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, 40201 Taichung, Taiwan.
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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423
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Wu D, Si M, Xue HY, Wong HL. Nanomedicine applications in the treatment of breast cancer: current state of the art. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:5879-5892. [PMID: 28860754 PMCID: PMC5566389 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s123437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease in women worldwide, but the current drug therapy is far from optimal as indicated by the high death rate of breast cancer patients. Nanomedicine is a promising alternative for breast cancer treatment. Nanomedicine products such as Doxil® and Abraxane® have already been extensively used for breast cancer adjuvant therapy with favorable clinical outcomes. However, these products were originally designed for generic anticancer purpose and not specifically for breast cancer treatment. With better understanding of the molecular biology of breast cancer, a number of novel promising nanotherapeutic strategies and devices have been developed in recent years. In this review, we will first give an overview of the current breast cancer treatment and the updated status of nanomedicine use in clinical setting, then discuss the latest important trends in designing breast cancer nanomedicine, including passive and active cancer cell targeting, breast cancer stem cell targeting, tumor microenvironment-based nanotherapy and combination nanotherapy of drug-resistant breast cancer. Researchers may get insight from these strategies to design and develop nanomedicine that is more tailored for breast cancer to achieve further improvements in cancer specificity, antitumorigenic effect, antimetastasis effect and drug resistance reversal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mengjie Si
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hui-Yi Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ho-Lun Wong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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424
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Sahni JM, Gayle SS, Webb BM, Weber-Bonk KL, Seachrist DD, Singh S, Sizemore ST, Restrepo NA, Bebek G, Scacheri PC, Varadan V, Summers MK, Keri RA. Mitotic Vulnerability in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Associated with LIN9 Is Targetable with BET Inhibitors. Cancer Res 2017; 77:5395-5408. [PMID: 28807940 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are highly aggressive, lack FDA-approved targeted therapies, and frequently recur, making the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for this disease imperative. Our previous analysis of the molecular mechanisms of action of bromodomain and extraterminal protein inhibitors (BETi) in TNBC revealed these drugs cause multinucleation, indicating BET proteins are essential for efficient mitosis and cytokinesis. Here, using live cell imaging, we show that BET inhibition prolonged mitotic progression and induced mitotic cell death, both of which are indicative of mitotic catastrophe. Mechanistically, the mitosis regulator LIN9 was a direct target of BET proteins that mediated the effects of BET proteins on mitosis in TNBC. Although BETi have been proposed to function by dismantling super-enhancers (SE), the LIN9 gene lacks an SE but was amplified or overexpressed in the majority of TNBCs. In addition, its mRNA expression predicted poor outcome across breast cancer subtypes. Together, these results provide a mechanism for cancer selectivity of BETi that extends beyond modulation of SE-associated genes and suggest that cancers dependent upon LIN9 overexpression may be particularly vulnerable to BETi. Cancer Res; 77(19); 5395-408. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Sahni
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sylvia S Gayle
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Bryan M Webb
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Darcie D Seachrist
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Salendra Singh
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Steven T Sizemore
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nicole A Restrepo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Gurkan Bebek
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Peter C Scacheri
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Vinay Varadan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Matthew K Summers
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ruth A Keri
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. .,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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425
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Kato M, Watanabe S, Iida T, Watanabe A, Megumi F. Peri-orbital lymphangioma treated by lymphatic-venous anastomosis with indocyanine green lymphography analysis. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY CASE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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426
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Jitariu AA, Cîmpean AM, Ribatti D, Raica M. Triple negative breast cancer: the kiss of death. Oncotarget 2017; 8:46652-46662. [PMID: 28445140 PMCID: PMC5542300 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most controversial women malignancies, triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are critically overviewed here, being focused on data useful in clinical practice or to improve the therapy and patients survival. TNBCs "choose" young women and its "kiss" is, unfortunately deadly in most cases. Currently, few sparse data are available in literature concerning the origins of TNBC. Vasculogenic mimicry detected in TNBCs, seems to be determined by a population of CD133+ cells and may be stimulated by different pharmacological agents such sunitinib. Despite the fact that TNBCs do not usually metastasize through the lymphatic pathways, TNBCs may be characterized by lymphatic invasion and by an increased lymphatic microvascular density. If TNBCs treatment depends on the molecular profile of the tumor, the same statement may be postulated for TNBCs metastasis. Whether metastases have a similar phenotype as the primary tumor remains an enigma. Therefore, the question: 'Could TNBC be subject to a standardized, unanimously accepted therapeutic strategy or is it strictly subclass-dependent?' remains to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana-Andreea Jitariu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Anca Maria Cîmpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
- National Cancer Institute “ Giovanni Paolo II”, Bari, Italy
| | - Marius Raica
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
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427
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Roy A, Libard S, Weishaupt H, Gustavsson I, Uhrbom L, Hesselager G, Swartling FJ, Pontén F, Alafuzoff I, Tchougounova E. Mast Cell Infiltration in Human Brain Metastases Modulates the Microenvironment and Contributes to the Metastatic Potential. Front Oncol 2017. [PMID: 28626727 PMCID: PMC5454042 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic brain tumors continue to be a clinical problem, despite new therapeutic advances in cancer treatment. Brain metastases (BMs) are among the most common mass lesions in the brain that are resistant to chemotherapies, have a very poor prognosis, and currently lack any efficient diagnostic tests. Predictions estimate that about 40% of lung and breast cancer patients will develop BM. Despite this, very little is known about the immunological and genetic aberrations that drive tumorigenesis in BM. In this study, we demonstrate the infiltration of mast cells (MCs) in a large cohort of human BM samples with different tissues of origin for primary cancer. We applied patient-derived BM cell models to the study of BM cell-MC interactions. BM cells when cocultured with MCs demonstrate enhanced growth and self-renewal capacity. Gene set enrichment analyses indicate increased expression of signal transduction and transmembrane proteins related genes in the cocultured BM cells. MCs exert their effect by release of mediators such as IL-8, IL-10, matrix metalloprotease 2, and vascular endothelial growth factor, thereby permitting metastasis. In conclusion, we provide evidence for a role of MCs in BM. Our findings indicate MCs' capability of modulating gene expression in BM cells and suggest that MCs can serve as a new target for drug development against metastases in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Roy
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sylwia Libard
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Holger Weishaupt
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ida Gustavsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lene Uhrbom
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Hesselager
- Department of Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik J Swartling
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Pontén
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Irina Alafuzoff
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elena Tchougounova
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
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428
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Avram S, Coricovac DE, Pavel IZ, Pinzaru I, Ghiulai R, Baderca F, Soica C, Muntean D, Branisteanu DE, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis AM, Dehelean CA. Standardization of A375 human melanoma models on chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane and Balb/c nude mice. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:89-99. [PMID: 28535001 PMCID: PMC5492638 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is a metastatic disease characterized by high resistance to treatment, the incidence of which has alarmingly increased worldwide over the past years. A thorough characterization of tumor onset, progression and metastasis is compulsory to overcome the gaps existent in melanoma biology. The present study suggests a well-established protocol and a detailed histological description of human melanoma models in ovo and in vivo obtained by the inoculation of A375 cells to chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and Balb/c nude mice. The inoculation of A375 cells on CAM led to the formation of compact primary and secondary tumors on day 4 post-inoculation, with mean surface area values of 2.2±0.4 mm2 and 1.5±0.3 mm2, respectively. Moreover, the vessels around the tumors presented a spike wheel pattern, indicating a strong angiogenic reaction. All the injected mice, apart from one, developed solid polypoid primary tumors with lobulated surfaces and intense vascularization, and achromic epithelioid malignant melanocytes with vesiculous nuclei and necrosis area were detected. Metastasis was histologically confirmed in only 30% of the mice with the tumor xenografts. These data indicate that the standardization protocols proposed are complex and reproducible, and can be further employed for the therapeutic surveillance of antiangiogenic and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefana Avram
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeș' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara 30004, Romania
| | - Dorina-Elena Coricovac
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeș' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara 30004, Romania
| | - Ioana Zinuca Pavel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeș' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara 30004, Romania
| | - Iulia Pinzaru
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeș' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara 30004, Romania
| | - Roxana Ghiulai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeș' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara 30004, Romania
| | - Flavia Baderca
- Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeș' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara 300041, Romania
| | - Codruta Soica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeș' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara 30004, Romania
| | - Danina Muntean
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeș' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara 300041, Romania
| | - Daciana E Branisteanu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi 7000115, Romania
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Aristides M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeș' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara 30004, Romania
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429
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Cimpean AM, Tamma R, Ruggieri S, Nico B, Toma A, Ribatti D. Mast cells in breast cancer angiogenesis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 115:23-26. [PMID: 28602166 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells, accumulate in the stroma surrounding certain tumors and take part to the inflammatory reaction occurring at the periphery of the tumor. Mast cell-secreted angiogenic cytokines facilitate tumor vascularization not only by a direct effect but also by stimulating other inflammatory cells of the tumor microenvironment to release other angiogenic mediators. An increased number of mast cells have been demonstrated in angiogenesis associated with solid tumors, including breast cancer. Mast cells might act as a new target for the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer through the selective inhibition of angiogenesis, tissue remodeling and tumor promoting molecules, allowing the secretion of cytotoxic cytokines and preventing mast cell mediated immune-suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Maria Cimpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Roberto Tamma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy,; National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Ruggieri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Beatrice Nico
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Alina Toma
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy,; National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy.
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430
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Clement E, Lazar I, Muller C, Nieto L. Obesity and melanoma: could fat be fueling malignancy? Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2017; 30:294-306. [PMID: 28222242 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, it has become increasingly clear that adipose tissue, and particularly adipocytes, contributes to tumor progression. Obesity, an ever-increasing worldwide phenomenon, exacerbates this effect. The influence of obesity on melanoma remains poorly studied, although recent data do underline an association between the two diseases in both humans and murine models. Herein, we review the impact of obesity on melanoma incidence and progression and discuss the underlying mechanisms known to be involved. Adipose tissue favors the proliferation and aggressiveness of melanoma cells through a direct dialog, mediated by soluble factors and by exosomes, and through remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. This knowledge could, in the future, help to design new personalized therapeutic options for obese melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Clement
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Ikrame Lazar
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Muller
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Laurence Nieto
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse Cedex, France
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431
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Steurer MA, Norton ME, Baer RJ, Shaw GM, Keating S, Moon-Grady AJ, Chambers CD, Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL. The association of maternal lymphatic markers and critical congenital heart defects in the fetus-A population based case-control study. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:1231-1236. [PMID: 28323386 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The objective ot this study was to investigate whether lymphatic markers measured in women during the second trimester are associated with critical congenital heart defects (CCHDs) in offspring. This is a retrospective cohort study of pregnant women who participated in the California Prenatal Screening Program. CCHD data in the offspring was captured by linking birth certificate data with hospital patient discharge records. Second trimester samples were assayed for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) AA/BB, and PDGF AB. Logistic models were used to evaluate the association between lymphatic biomarkers and CCHD. Models were adjusted for other serum biomarkers and maternal characteristics. Results are presented in odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We identified 93 cases with CCHDs and 194 controls without CCHDs. The crude and adjusted OR for log (ln) VEGF was 1.07 (95%CI 0.94-1.22) and 1.08 (95%CI 0.94-1.24), respectively; for ln PDGF AB/BB was 0.93 (95%CI 0.6-1.35) and 0.58 (95%CI 0.32-1.05), respectively. There was a significant association between ln PDFG AA and CCHDs (crude OR 1.83 (95%CI 1.05-3.2); adjusted OR 2.41 (95%CI 1.06-5.44)). Levels of circulating PDGF AA were highest in cases with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) (mean 8.78 +/- 1.54 pg/ml). In this study, increased mid-pregnancy maternal serum levels of PDGF AA were associated with CCHDs in offspring. The highest PDGF AA levels were found in mothers of fetuses with HLHS. These findings may be useful in screening for CCHDs and offer insight into their association with nuchal translucency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina A Steurer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Mary E Norton
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Rebecca J Baer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Gary M Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Sheila Keating
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Anita J Moon-Grady
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Christina D Chambers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Laura L Jelliffe-Pawlowski
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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432
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Keser SH, Kandemir NO, Ece D, Gecmen GG, Gul AE, Barisik NO, Sensu S, Buyukuysal C, Barut F. Relationship of mast cell density with lymphangiogenesis and prognostic parameters in breast carcinoma. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2017; 33:171-180. [PMID: 28359404 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In many cancers, mast cell density (MCD) in the tumor microenvironment is associated with tumor progression and, to a greater extent, angiogenesis. Our study was designed to investigate the correlation between MCD, tumor lymphangiogenesis, and several well-established prognostic parameters in breast cancer. One hundred and four cases of invasive breast carcinoma diagnosed in our clinic between 2007 and 2011 were included. Mast cells and lymphatic vessels were stained with toluidine blue and D2-40, respectively, and their densities were calculated in various areas of tumors and lymph nodes. The variables of MCD and lymphatic vessel density (LVD) were compared using prognostic parameters as well as with each other. As tumor size and volume increased, MCD increased comparably in metastatic lymph nodes; intratumoral and peritumoral LVD also increased. Lymphovascular invasion, lymphatic invasion, perineural invasion, and estrogen receptor positivity were positively related to intratumoral MCD. The relationship between peritumoral MCD and nontumoral breast tissue MCD was statistically significant. Stage was correlated with MCD in metastatic lymph nodes. Metastatic lymph node MCD and intratumoral MCD were also significantly related. Stage, lymphatic invasion, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and metastatic lymph node MCD were all correlated with intratumoral and/or peritumoral LVD. As nuclear grade increased, intratumoral LVD became higher. In breast carcinoma, MCD, depending on its location, was related to several prognostic parameters. Notably, mast cells may have at least some effect on lymphangiogenesis, which appears to be a predictor of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevinc H Keser
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nilufer O Kandemir
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
| | - Dilek Ece
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gonca G Gecmen
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aylin E Gul
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nagehan O Barisik
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sibel Sensu
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cagatay Buyukuysal
- Department of Biostatistics, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Figen Barut
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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433
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Abouelkheir GR, Upchurch BD, Rutkowski JM. Lymphangiogenesis: fuel, smoke, or extinguisher of inflammation's fire? Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:884-895. [PMID: 28346012 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217697385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis is a recognized hallmark of inflammatory processes in tissues and organs as diverse as the skin, heart, bowel, and airways. In clinical and animal models wherein the signaling processes of lymphangiogenesis are manipulated, most studies demonstrate that an expanded lymphatic vasculature is necessary for the resolution of inflammation. The fundamental roles that lymphatics play in fluid clearance and immune cell trafficking from the periphery make these results seemingly obvious as a mechanism of alleviating locally inflamed environments: the lymphatics are simply providing a drain. Depending on the tissue site, lymphangiogenic mechanism, or induction timeframe, however, evidence shows that inflammation-associated lymphangiogenesis (IAL) may worsen the pathology. Recent studies have identified lymphatic endothelial cells themselves to be local regulators of immune cell activity and its consequential phenotypes - a more active role in inflammation regulation than previously thought. Indeed, results focusing on the immunocentric roles of peripheral lymphatic function have revealed that the basic drainage task of lymphatic vessels is a complex balance of locally processed and transported antigens as well as interstitial cytokine and immune cell signaling: an interplay that likely defines the function of IAL. This review will summarize the latest findings on how IAL impacts a series of disease states in various tissues in both preclinical models and clinical studies. This discussion will serve to highlight some emerging areas of lymphatic research in an attempt to answer the question relevant to an array of scientists and clinicians of whether IAL helps to fuel or extinguish inflammation. Impact statement Inflammatory progression is present in acute and chronic tissue pathologies throughout the body. Lymphatic vessels play physiological roles relevant to all medical fields as important regulators of fluid balance, immune cell trafficking, and immune identity. Lymphangiogenesis is often concurrent with inflammation and can potentially aide or worsen disease progression. How new lymphatic vessels impact inflammation and by which mechanism is an important consideration in current and future clinical therapies targeting inflammation and/or vasculogenesis. This review identifies, across a range of tissue-specific pathologies, the current understanding of inflammation-associated lymphangiogenesis in the progression or resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella R Abouelkheir
- 1 Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Bradley D Upchurch
- 1 Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Joseph M Rutkowski
- 1 Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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434
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Kurzrock R, Stewart DJ. Exploring the Benefit/Risk Associated with Antiangiogenic Agents for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:1137-1148. [PMID: 27940520 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Following the approval of bevacizumab, an antibody targeting VEGF-A, for advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in 2006, intensive efforts were put into the clinical development of antiangiogenic agents for NSCLC. Currently, the other antiangiogenic agents approved for NSCLC are ramucirumab, a VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2)-targeting antibody indicated for both squamous and non-squamous NSCLC in the United States, and nintedanib, an anti-VEGFR-1/2/3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α/β, fibroblast growth factor receptor-1/2/3 angiokinase inhibitor indicated for adenocarcinoma of the lung in the European Union. Many other antiangiogenic agents are being evaluated in phase III trials for NSCLC, including aflibercept, sunitinib, sorafenib, cediranib, and vandetanib. Although many of the same signaling pathways are targeted by these novel agents, mixed efficacy results have been observed in these trials. Moreover, safety issues have raised concerns about using antiangiogenic agents in this patient population, and fatal bleeding events have been reported. Importantly, although no biomarker has yet been validated for antiangiogenic agents in NSCLC, biomarkers that show potential include circulating levels of short VEGF-A isoforms, expression of neuropilin-1 and VEGFR-1 in tumors and plasma, genetic variants in VEGF-A and VEGFR, and tumor protein p53 mutations (with the latter having been shown to correlate with increased levels of VEGF-A transcripts). This review provides an overview of the clinical benefit and risk associated with the use of antiangiogenic agents for NSCLC, and summarizes the research to date on the identification of predictive biomarkers for antiangiogenic therapies. Clin Cancer Res; 23(5); 1137-48. ©2016 AACR.
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MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Bevacizumab/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Humans
- Indoles/adverse effects
- Indoles/therapeutic use
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/epidemiology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Pyrroles/adverse effects
- Pyrroles/therapeutic use
- Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/therapeutic use
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/adverse effects
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/therapeutic use
- Risk Assessment
- Sunitinib
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Ramucirumab
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Affiliation(s)
- Razelle Kurzrock
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, California.
| | - David J Stewart
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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435
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He MQ, He MQ, Wang JF, Zhu BL, Sun N, Zhou XH, Yao RX. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Cluster of Differentiation 34 for Assessment of Perioperative Bleeding Risk in Gastric Cancer Patients. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 129:1950-4. [PMID: 27503021 PMCID: PMC4989427 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.187842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels to supply nutrients to tumors. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34) are important signaling proteins involved in angiogenesis. Many studies have demonstrated that VEGF and CD34 are related to tumor progression. This study focused on the relationship between VEGF, CD34, and perioperative hemorrhage in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: To observe the relationship between VEGF and CD34, we tracked 112 patients with advanced gastric cancer for 5 years to assess factors related to hemorrhage, using immunohistochemistry. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using a 2 × 2 contingency table, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) test. Results: The concentrations of VEGF and CD34 were critically correlated with perioperative hemorrhage and neural invasion in patients with gastric cancer (P < 0.05). Expression of VEGF and CD34 was related (P < 0.05, χ2 = 6.834). VEGF and CD34 co-expression strongly increased the risk of preoperative bleeding (area under the ROC curve >0.7, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Expression of VEGF and CD34 was critically correlated with perioperative hemorrhage in gastric cancer patients. Co-expression of VEGF and CD34 could be an effective indicator for evaluating the risk of perioperative bleeding in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Qing He
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Mu-Qun He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350014, China
| | - Jian-Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350014, China
| | - Bao-Ling Zhu
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ni Sun
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Xiao-Hai Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Rong-Xin Yao
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
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436
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Supanc HRH, Gorman S, Tuan RS. Traumatized muscle-derived multipotent progenitor cells recruit endothelial cells through vascular endothelial growth factor-A action. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 11:3038-3047. [PMID: 28078807 DOI: 10.1002/term.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Traumatized muscle, such as that debrided from blast injury sites, is considered a promising and convenient tissue source for multipotent progenitor cells (MPCs), a population of adult mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like cells. The present study aimed to assess the regenerative therapeutic potential of human traumatized muscle-derived MPCs, e.g., for injury repair in the blast-traumatized extremity, by comparing their pro-angiogenic potential in vitro and capillary recruitment activity in vivo to those of MSCs isolated from human bone marrow, a widely-used tissue source. MPCs were tested for their direct and indirect effects on human microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro. The findings reported here showed that MPC-conditioned culture medium (MPC-CM), like MSC-CM, promoted EC-cord network branching. Silent (si)RNA-mediated silencing of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) expression in MPCs attenuated this effect. In a chick embryonic chorioallantoic membrane in vivo angiogenesis assay, MPCs encapsulated in photocrosslinked gelatin scaffold recruited blood vessels more efficiently than either MSCs or human foreskin fibroblasts. Together, these findings support the potential application of traumatized muscle-derived MPCs in cell-based regenerative medicine therapies as a result of their influence on EC organization. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi R H Supanc
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Shannon Gorman
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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437
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Li Y, Lu J, Zhou S, Wang W, Tan G, Zhang Z, Dong Z, Kang T, Tang F. Clusterin induced by N,N'-Dinitrosopiperazine is involved in nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:5548-63. [PMID: 26716898 PMCID: PMC4868705 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a high metastatic clinicopathological feature. As a carcinogen factor, N,N'-Dinitrosopiperazine (DNP) is involved in NPC metastasis, but its precise mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Herein, we showed that DNP promotes NPC metastasis through up-regulating anterior clusterin (CLU). DNP was found to increase CLU, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 9 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and activity, further DNP-increased MMP-9 and VEGF expression was through up-regulating CLU. We also found that DNP increased the binding of CLU with MMP-9 or VEGF. DNP induced the motility and invasion of NPC cell, which was inhibited by siRNA-CLU. The clinical investigation showed that CLU, MMP-9 and VEGF were positively correlated with the tumor-node -metastasis (TNM) classification. These results indicate that DNP may promote NPC tumor metastasis through up-regulating CLU, MMP-9 and VEGF expression. Therefore, DNP-increased CLU expression may be an important factor of NPC-high metastasis, and CLU may serve as a biomarker for NPC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China.,Clinical Laboratory and Medical Research Center, Zhuhai Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinping Lu
- Clinical Laboratory and Medical Research Center, Zhuhai Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Zhou
- Clinical Laboratory and Medical Research Center, Zhuhai Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Clinical Laboratory and Medical Research Center, Zhuhai Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Gongjun Tan
- Clinical Laboratory and Medical Research Center, Zhuhai Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenlin Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory and Medical Research Center, Zhuhai Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912, USA
| | - Tiebang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Faqing Tang
- Clinical Laboratory and Medical Research Center, Zhuhai Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
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438
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Blei F. Update December 2016. Lymphat Res Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2016.29016.fb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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439
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Jazayeri S, Feli A, Bitaraf MA, Solaymani Dodaran M, Alikhani M, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ. Effects of Copper Reduction on Angiogenesis-Related Factors
in Recurrent Glioblastoma Cases. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:4609-4614. [PMID: 27892672 PMCID: PMC5454605 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2016.17.10.4609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purposeː To evaluate the therapeutic effects of copper reduction on angiogenesis-related factors in patients with glioblastoma multiforme treated by gamma knife radiosurgery. Materials and Methodsː In the present block randomized, placebo-controlled trial, fifty eligible patients with a diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme who were candidates for gamma knife radiosurgery were randomly assigned into two groups to receive daily either 1gr penicillamine and a low copper diet or placebo for three months. The intervention started on the same day as gamma knife radiosurgery. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and copper levels were measured at baseline and after the intervention. The serum copper level was used as the final index of compliance with the diet. In order to control probable side effects of intervention, laboratory tests were conducted at the beginning, middle and end of the study. Resultsː The patients had a mean age and Karnofsky Performance Scale of 43.7 years and 75 respectively. Mean serum copper levels were significantly reduced in intervention group. Mean survival time was 18.5 months in intervention group vs. 14.9 in placebo group. VEGF and IL-6 levels in the intervention group were also significantly reduced compared to the placebo group and TNF-α increased less. Conclusionsː It seems that reducing the level of copper in the diet and dosing with penicillamine leads to decline of angiogenesis-related factors such as VEGF, IL-6 and TNF-α. Approaches targeting angiogenesis may improve survival and can be used as a future therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Jazayeri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
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440
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Zhou J, Deng Y, Yan L, Zhao H, Wang G. Serum platelet-derived growth factor BB levels: a potential biomarker for the assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Int J Infect Dis 2016; 49:94-9. [PMID: 27292607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Few studies have investigated serum levels of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The present study aimed to determine whether PDGF-BB could serve as a potential biomarker for the detection of liver fibrosis. METHODS From October 2013 to August 2015, 465 patients with CHB were enrolled prospectively in this study. All patients underwent liver biopsy and staging based on the Ishak system. The serum PDGF-BB level was measured quantitatively by ELISA. RESULTS The serum PDGF-BB level was negatively correlated with fibrosis stage in all patients (p = 0.003, Spearman's rho=-0.16) and was significantly different between fibrosis stages. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUROCs) for serum PDGF-BB level and PGT score (a combination of PDGF-BB, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and platelet levels) were 0.667 and 0.831, respectively, for patients with significant fibrosis and normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. The AUROCs for aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio (APRI) and fibrosis index based on four factors (FIB-4) were 0.823 and 0.821, respectively. Importantly, a cut-off value of 1.05 and 1.43, respectively, resulted in a sensitivity of 0.95 and 0.52, a specificity of 0.29 and 0.95, a positive predictive value of 0.30 and 0.79, and a negative predictive value of 0.96 and 0.86. The rate of correct diagnosis was up to 88.4% when using cut-offs of 1.05 and 1.43 for the absence or presence of significant fibrosis, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Serum PDGF-BB decreased remarkably as fibrosis progressed, and this could be used as a non-invasive biomarker for the assessment of fibrosis stage in patients with CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Center for Liver Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiong Deng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Center for Liver Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Organ Fibrosis Prevention, Xinan Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Linlin Yan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Center for Liver Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Center for Liver Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Guiqiang Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Center for Liver Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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441
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Chávez MN, Aedo G, Fierro FA, Allende ML, Egaña JT. Zebrafish as an Emerging Model Organism to Study Angiogenesis in Development and Regeneration. Front Physiol 2016; 7:56. [PMID: 27014075 PMCID: PMC4781882 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process through which new blood vessels are formed from preexisting ones and plays a critical role in several conditions including embryonic development, tissue repair and disease. Moreover, enhanced therapeutic angiogenesis is a major goal in the field of regenerative medicine and efficient vascularization of artificial tissues and organs is one of the main hindrances in the implementation of tissue engineering approaches, while, on the other hand, inhibition of angiogenesis is a key therapeutic target to inhibit for instance tumor growth. During the last decades, the understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in this process has been matter of intense research. In this regard, several in vitro and in vivo models have been established to visualize and study migration of endothelial progenitor cells, formation of endothelial tubules and the generation of new vascular networks, while assessing the conditions and treatments that either promote or inhibit such processes. In this review, we address and compare the most commonly used experimental models to study angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In particular, we focus on the implementation of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model to study angiogenesis and discuss the advantages and not yet explored possibilities of its use as model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myra N Chávez
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMunich, Germany; Department of Biology, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Faculty of Science, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, FONDAP Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS) and Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Geraldine Aedo
- Department of Biology, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando A Fierro
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Miguel L Allende
- Department of Biology, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - José T Egaña
- Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Biological Sciences and Medicine, Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago, Chile
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442
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Wang P, He Y, Ma X, Sun B, Huang B, Zhu C, Liu Y. Expression and Significance of COX-2 and Ki-67 in Hepatolithiasis with Bile Duct Carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:2943-9. [PMID: 26423666 PMCID: PMC4596424 DOI: 10.12659/msm.894330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As an induced enzyme, COX-2 expression is elevated under stimuli from inflammatory mediator or growth factor product. Ki-67, a cell cycle-related proliferative antigen, reflects the tissue proliferative activity. This study analyzed the expressional profile of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and Ki-67 in hepatolithiasis and bile duct carcinoma tissues, in an attempt to provide evidence for diagnosis and prognosis prediction of disease. Material/Methods A cohort of tissue samples from hepatolithiasis with bile duct carcinoma (N=47) patients were analyzed using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining method for the expression of COX-2 and Ki-67, in parallel with hepatolithiasis (N=44) and normal bile duct tissues (N=30). The relationship between expression pattern of COX-2 and Ki-67 and pathological conditions was also analyzed, in addition to the correlation with positive expression in hepatolithiasis samples. Results The positive expression rate of COX-2 and Ki-67 in bile duct carcinoma was 76.6% and 80.9%, respectively, and was significantly higher than those in the hepatolithiasis group, which was also higher than the control group. Expression of both COX-2 and Ki-67 is closely related to TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, and differentiation stage. They were also correlated with the mortality rate of patients. Conclusions Both COX-2 and Ki-67 are abundantly expressed in hepatolithiasis and bile duct carcinoma tissues and may play an important role in the disease occurrence, progression, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Yu He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Institute of Materia Medica, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Beiwang Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Binyuan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Canhua Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Yanmin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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443
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Senchukova MA, Nikitenko NV, Tomchuk ON, Zaitsev NV, Stadnikov AA. Different types of tumor vessels in breast cancer: morphology and clinical value. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:512. [PMID: 26405632 PMCID: PMC4573747 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1293-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a key factor of tumor progression. Considering, that the tumor vessels are heterogeneous and differ in morphology and clinical significance, the purpose of this research was to study of the morphological features of tumor vessels and their relationship with the clinical characteristics and morphological features of breast cancer (BC). In this pilot study the tumor samples received from 59 patients with T1–T2 stages of ductal invasive carcinomas were included. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemically using antibodies to CD34. The morphological features and the number of different types of tumor vessels were assessed microscopically and were compared with grade, lymph node metastasis, hormone receptors, HER2/neu status and with the presence of tumor emboli in vessels (lymphovascular invasion). We identified the following types of tumor vessels in BC: the normal microvessels, the dilated capillaries of peritumoral stroma, the atypical dilated capillaries and the “cavitary” structures (CS) type-1 and type-2 relating to the “cavitary” type of angiogenesis that was described by us earlier. The number of dilated capillaries correlated with CS type-1 (p = 0.003), CS type-2 (p = 0.002), atypical dilated capillaries (p = 0.0008) and with lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.005); the presence of atypical dilated capillaries—with CS type-1 (p < 0.00001), CS type-2 (p = 0.00004), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.0002) and with the tumor grade (p = 0.003); the number of CS type-1—with estrogen receptor (p = 0.002) and progesterone receptor (p = 0.002) status and with lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.004); the presence of CS type-2—with positive Her2/new status (p = 0.0002) and lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.01). The density of normal microvessels was not associated with other types of tumor vessels and with clinical characteristics of BC. These data indicate that varied types of tumor vessels are associated with different morphological characteristics of BC, such as hormone receptors and HER2/neu status, lymphovascular invasion. We believe that the atypical dilated capillaries are related to the “cavitary” type of angiogenesis. The strong correlations of lymphovascular invasion with CS type-1 and atypical dilated capillaries testify that the “cavitary” type of angiogenesis may play a significant role in the formation of tumor emboli in the vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olesia N Tomchuk
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Nikon V Zaitsev
- Orenburg Regional Clinical Oncology Center, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Alexander A Stadnikov
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia
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444
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Aktipis CA, Boddy AM, Jansen G, Hibner U, Hochberg ME, Maley CC, Wilkinson GS. Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 370:20140219. [PMID: 26056363 PMCID: PMC4581024 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicellularity is characterized by cooperation among cells for the development, maintenance and reproduction of the multicellular organism. Cancer can be viewed as cheating within this cooperative multicellular system. Complex multicellularity, and the cooperation underlying it, has evolved independently multiple times. We review the existing literature on cancer and cancer-like phenomena across life, not only focusing on complex multicellularity but also reviewing cancer-like phenomena across the tree of life more broadly. We find that cancer is characterized by a breakdown of the central features of cooperation that characterize multicellularity, including cheating in proliferation inhibition, cell death, division of labour, resource allocation and extracellular environment maintenance (which we term the five foundations of multicellularity). Cheating on division of labour, exhibited by a lack of differentiation and disorganized cell masses, has been observed in all forms of multicellularity. This suggests that deregulation of differentiation is a fundamental and universal aspect of carcinogenesis that may be underappreciated in cancer biology. Understanding cancer as a breakdown of multicellular cooperation provides novel insights into cancer hallmarks and suggests a set of assays and biomarkers that can be applied across species and characterize the fundamental requirements for generating a cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Athena Aktipis
- Center for Evolution and Cancer, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA Centre for Evolution and Cancer, Institute for Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London SW7 3RP, UK Institute for Advanced Study, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amy M Boddy
- Center for Evolution and Cancer, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA Institute for Advanced Study, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunther Jansen
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics, University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, 24118 Kiel, Germany Institute for Advanced Study, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Urszula Hibner
- CNRS, UMR 5535, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France Institute for Advanced Study, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael E Hochberg
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, CNRS UMR5554, Université Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA Institute for Advanced Study, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlo C Maley
- Center for Evolution and Cancer, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Centre for Evolution and Cancer, Institute for Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London SW7 3RP, UK Biodesign Institute, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 8724501, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA Institute for Advanced Study, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerald S Wilkinson
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA Institute for Advanced Study, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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445
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Lymphangiogenesis and Inflammation-Looking for the "Missing Pieces" of the Puzzle. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2015; 63:415-26. [PMID: 26169947 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-015-0349-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Several papers about lymphangiogenesis and inflammation focused on the detailed and complicated descriptions of the molecular pathways accompanying both non-tumor and tumor inflammatory-induced lymphatic vessel development. Many authors are tempted to present inflammatory-induced lymphangiogenesis in pathologic conditions neglecting the role of inflammatory cells during embryonic lymphatic vessel development. Some of the inflammatory cells are largely characterized in inflammatory-induced lymphangiogenesis, while others as mast cells, eosinophils, or plasma cells are less studied. No phenotypic characterization of inflammation-activated lymphatic endothelial cell is available in this moment. Another paradox is related to the existence of few papers regarding lymphangiogenesis inside lymphoid organs and for their related pathology. There are still several "missing pieces of such a big puzzle" of lymphangiogenesis and inflammation, with a direct impact on the ineffectiveness of the anti-inflammatory therapy as lymphangiogenesis inhibitors. The present paper will focus on the controversial issues of lymphangiogenesis and inflammation.
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446
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Hu H, Wang Q, Tang H, Xiong L, Lin Q. Multi-slice computed tomography characteristics of solitary pulmonary ground-glass nodules: Differences between malignant and benign. Thorac Cancer 2015; 7:80-7. [PMID: 26913083 PMCID: PMC4718137 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ground‐glass nodules (GGNs), which are possible precursors of lung cancer, attract increasing attention. Many studies have attempted to identify the characteristic imaging features of GGNs for their qualitative diagnosis; however, the comprehension of GGNs remains controversial. We performed this study to identify imaging characteristics helpful to the differential diagnosis of solitary GGNs. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 112 solitary GGNs resected from 112 patients, pathologically examined after surgical resection. Imaging features of the GGNs, such as size, shape, a solid component, lobulation, spiculation, vascular convergence sign, pleural tag, and air cavity density, were assessed. Differences between malignant and benign nodules were analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 112 GGNs, 82 were malignant and 30 were benign. A solid component, vascular convergence sign, and a larger diameter were risk factors for malignancy, with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 93.9%, 60.0%, and 84.8%, respectively. Lobulation, spiculation, air cavity densities, and pleural tags were also important indicators of malignancy, with positive predictive values of 93.5%, 83.3%, 91.7%, and 87.2%, respectively. Conclusion GGNs with a solid component, vascular convergence sign, and a larger diameter are highly suggestive of malignancy. The possibility of a neoplasm should also be considered in the case of GGNs that show lobulation, spiculation, air cavity densities, or pleural tags. To obtain a comprehensive and accurate analysis of the nodules, three‐dimensional reconstruction is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai First People's Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Qingguo Wang
- Department of Radiology Shanghai First People's Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Huamei Tang
- Department of Pathology Shanghai First People's Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Liwen Xiong
- Department of Respiration Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai First People's Hospital Shanghai China
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447
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Porat Y, Abraham E, Karnieli O, Nahum S, Woda J, Zylberberg C. Critical elements in the development of cell therapy potency assays for ischemic conditions. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:817-31. [PMID: 25728414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A successful potency assay for a cell therapy product (CTP) used in the treatment of ischemic conditions should quantitatively measure relevant biological properties that predict therapeutic activity. This is especially challenging because of numerous degrees of complexity stemming from factors that include a multifactorial complex mechanism of action, cell source, inherent cell characteristics, culture method, administration mode and the in vivo conditions to which the cells are exposed. The expected biological function of a CTP encompasses complex interactions that range from a biochemical, metabolic or immunological activity to structural replacement of damaged tissue or organ. Therefore, the requirements for full characterization of the active substance with respect to biological function could be taxing. Moreover, the specific mechanism of action is often difficult to pinpoint to a specific molecular entity; rather, it is more dependent on the functionality of the cellular components acting in a in a multifactorial fashion. In the case of ischemic conditions, the cell therapy mechanism of action can vary from angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and arteriogenesis that may activate different pathways and clinical outcomes. The CTP cellular attributes with relation to the suggested mechanism of action can be used for the development of quantitative and reproducible analytical potency assays. CTPs selected and released on the basis of such potency assays should have the highest probability of providing meaningful clinical benefit for patients. This White Paper will discuss and give examples for key elements in the development of a potency assay for treatment of ischemic disorders treated by the use of CTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Porat
- BioGenCell Ltd, Hematology BGC Stem Cell Research, Sanz Medical Center Laniado Hospital, Netanya, Israel
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448
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Impairment of vascularization of the surface covering epithelium induces ischemia and promotes malignization: a new hypothesis of a possible mechanism of cancer pathogenesis. Clin Transl Oncol 2014; 17:446-53. [PMID: 25408194 PMCID: PMC4452215 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-014-1255-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the peculiarities of vascularization at the stromal-epithelial interface in different types of epithelia and their alterations in precancerous lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Peritumoral tissues of 310 patients, tissues of 180 healthy persons and of 50 human embryos and fetuses were used. Traditional histological as well as immunohistochemical methods have been used. RESULTS The study reveals that the occurrence of blood capillaries in surface squamous epithelium is an ordinary event, both in healthy persons and in peritumoral regions of the patients with squamous cell carcinoma. Glandular epithelial coverings, as well as transitional epithelium, do not contain blood vessels. In squamous epithelium, only basal cells are in contact with the membrane and underlying stroma, the cells of the upper layer receiving nutrients through diffusion. Thus, the cells of squamous epithelium are more vulnerable to blood deficiency, since for instance in the pseudo-multilayered respiratory epithelium each cell is attached directly to the basal membrane and has more ample access to the blood supply. Metaplastic squamous epithelium has a markedly reduced vascularization and seems to be more sensitive to carcinogenic stimuli. High-grade dysplastic squamous epithelium and carcinoma in situ do not contain blood vessels. CONCLUSION The process of redistribution of vascular network occurring at the interface of epithelial-stromal frontier plays an important role in maintaining the adequate metabolism of cells including those of epithelial covering. Impairment of this mechanism most probably promotes precancerous alterations.
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449
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Iida M, Banno K, Yanokura M, Nakamura K, Adachi M, Nogami Y, Umene K, Masuda K, Kisu I, Iwata T, Tanaka K, Aoki D. Candidate biomarkers for cervical cancer treatment: Potential for clinical practice (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 2014; 2:647-655. [PMID: 25054026 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2014.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer ranks high among the causes of female cancer mortalities and is an important disease in developing and developed countries. Current diagnosis of cervical cancer depends on colposcopy, pathological diagnosis and preoperative diagnosis using methods, including magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. Advanced cervical cancer has a poor prognosis. The tumor marker squamous cell carcinoma is conventionally used for screening, but recent studies have revealed the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and the factors associated with a poor prognosis in cervical cancer. These include epigenetic biomarkers, with the methylation level of the checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger gene being potentially useful for predicting the malignancy of cervical cancer and sensitivity to treatment with paclitaxel. The extent of methylation of the Werner DNA helicase gene is also useful for determining sensitivity to an anticancer agent, CPT-11. In addition to epigenetic changes, the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α subunit, epidermal growth factor receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 have been reported as possible biomarkers in cervical cancer. Novel prognostic factors, including angiogenic factors, fragile histidine triad, thymidylate synthase, glucose-related protein 58 and mucin antigens, have also been described, and hemoglobin and platelets may also be significant prognostic biomarkers. Utilization of these biomarkers may facilitate personalized treatment and improved outcomes in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Iida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kouji Banno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Megumi Yanokura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kanako Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masataka Adachi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuya Nogami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Umene
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kenta Masuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Iori Kisu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Iwata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kyoko Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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450
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Improved computer-assisted analysis of the global lymphatic network in human cervical tissues. Mod Pathol 2014; 27:887-98. [PMID: 24309324 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2013.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic dissemination is a key event in cervical cancer progression and related tumor lymphatic markers are viewed as promising prognostic factor of nodal extension. However, validating such parameters requires an objective characterization of the lymphatic vasculature. Here, we performed a global analysis of the lymphatic network using a new computerized method applied on whole uterine cervical digital images. Sixty-eight cases of cervical neoplasia (12 CIN3, 10 FIGO stage 1A and 46 stage IB1) and 10 cases of normal cervical tissue were reacted with antibodies raised against D2-40, D2-40/p16 and D2-40/Ki67. Immunostained structures were automatically detected on whole slides. The lymphatic vessel density (D2-40), proliferating lymphatic vessel density (D2-40/ki67) and spatial lymphatic distribution in respect to the adjacent epithelium were assessed from normal cervix to early cervical cancer and correlated with lymphovascular space invasion and lymph node status. Prominent lymphatic vessel density and proliferating lymphatic vessel density are detected under the transformation zone of benign cervix and no further increase is noted during cancer progression. Notably, a shift of lymphatic vessel distribution toward the neoplastic edges is detected. In IB1 cervical cancer, although intra- and peritumoral lymphatic vessel density are neither correlated with lymphovascular space invasion nor with lymph node metastasis, a specific spatial distribution with more lymphatic vessels in the vicinity of tumor edges is predictive of lymphatic dissemination. Herein, we provide a new computerized method suitable for an innovative detailed analysis of the lymphatic network. We show that the transformation zone of the benign cervix acts as a baseline lymphangiogenic niche before the initiation of neoplastic process. During cancer progression, this specific microenvironment is maintained with lymphatic vessels even in closer vicinity to tumor cells.
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