1
|
Paz V, Dashti HS, Garfield V. Is there an association between daytime napping, cognitive function, and brain volume? A Mendelian randomization study in the UK Biobank. Sleep Health 2023; 9:786-793. [PMID: 37344293 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Daytime napping has been associated with cognitive function and brain health in observational studies. However, it remains elusive whether these associations are causal. Using Mendelian randomization, we studied the relationship between habitual daytime napping and cognition and brain structure. METHODS Data were from UK Biobank (maximum n = 378,932 and mean age = 57 years). Our exposure (daytime napping) was instrumented using 92 previously identified genome-wide, independent genetic variants (single-nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs). Our outcomes were total brain volume, hippocampal volume, reaction time, and visual memory. Inverse-variance weighted was implemented, with sensitivity analyses (Mendelian randomization-Egger and Weighted Median Estimator) for horizontal pleiotropy. We tested different daytime napping instruments to ensure the robustness of our results. RESULTS Using Mendelian randomization, we found an association between habitual daytime napping and larger total brain volume (unstandardized ß = 15.80 cm3 and 95% CI = 0.25; 31.34) but not hippocampal volume (ß = -0.03 cm3 and 95% CI = -0.13;0.06), reaction time (expß = 1.01 and 95% CI = 1.00;1.03), or visual memory (expß = 0.99 and 95% CI = 0.94;1.05). Additional analyses with 47 SNPs (adjusted for excessive daytime sleepiness), 86 SNPs (excluding sleep apnea), and 17 SNPs (no sample overlap with UK Biobank) were largely consistent with our main findings. No evidence of horizontal pleiotropy was found. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a modest causal association between habitual daytime napping and larger total brain volume. Future studies could focus on the associations between napping and other cognitive or brain outcomes and replication of these findings using other datasets and methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Paz
- Instituto de Psicología Clínica, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Hassan S Dashti
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute, Merkin Building, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victoria Garfield
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Reiter K, Butts AM, Janecek JK, Correro AN, Nencka A, Agarwal M, Franczak M, Glass Umfleet L. Relationship between cognitive reserve, brain volume, and neuropsychological performance in amnestic and nonamnestic MCI. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2023; 30:940-956. [PMID: 36573001 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2161462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive Reserve (CR) is a theoretical construct that influences the onset and course of cognitive and structural changes that occur with aging and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). There is a paucity of research that examines the relationship of CR and brain volumes in amnestic (aMCI) and nonamnestic (naMCI) separately. This study is a retrospective chart review of MCI patients who underwent neuropsychological evaluation and brain MRI with NeuroReader™ (NR). NR is an FDA-cleared software that standardizes MRI volumes to a control sample. Classifications of aMCI and naMCI were based on Petersen criteria. CR was measured as education, occupation, and word reading. Data analysis included bivariate correlations between CR, neuropsychological test scores, and NR-brain volumes by MCI subtype. The Benjamini-Hochberg method corrected for multiple comparisons. The sample included 91 participants with aMCI and 41 with naMCI. Within naMCI, positive correlations were observed between CR and whole brain volume, total gray matter, bifrontal, left parietal, left occipital, and bilateral cerebellum. Within aMCI, no significant correlations were observed between CR and brain volumes. Positive correlations with CR were observed in language, attention, and visual learning in both aMCI and naMCI groups. The current study adds to the minimal literature on CR and naMCI. Results revealed that CR is associated with volumetrics in naMCI only, though cognitive findings were similar in both MCI groups. Possible explanations include heterogeneous disease pathologies, disease stage, or a differential influence of CR on volumetrics in MCI. Additional longitudinal and biomarker studies will better elucidate this relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Reiter
- Cleveland Clinic, Neurological Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - A M Butts
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - J K Janecek
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - A N Correro
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - A Nencka
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - M Agarwal
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - M Franczak
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - L Glass Umfleet
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Increased Hippocampal-Inferior Temporal Gyrus White Matter Connectivity following Donepezil Treatment in Patients with Early Alzheimer's Disease: A Diffusion Tensor Probabilistic Tractography Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12030967. [PMID: 36769615 PMCID: PMC9917574 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been increasing each year, and a defective hippocampus has been primarily associated with an early stage of AD. However, the effect of donepezil treatment on hippocampus-related networks is unknown. Thus, in the current study, we evaluated the hippocampal white matter (WM) connectivity in patients with early-stage AD before and after donepezil treatment using probabilistic tractography, and we further determined the WM integrity and changes in brain volume. Ten patients with early-stage AD (mean age = 72.4 ± 7.9 years; seven females and three males) and nine healthy controls (HC; mean age = 70.7 ± 3.5 years; six females and three males) underwent a magnetic resonance (MR) examination. After performing the first MR examination, the patients received donepezil treatment for 6 months. The brain volumes and diffusion tensor imaging scalars of 11 regions of interest (the superior/middle/inferior frontal gyrus, the superior/middle/inferior temporal gyrus, the amygdala, the caudate nucleus, the hippocampus, the putamen, and the thalamus) were measured using MR imaging and DTI, respectively. Seed-based structural connectivity analyses were focused on the hippocampus. The patients with early AD had a lower hippocampal volume and WM connectivity with the superior frontal gyrus and higher mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) in the amygdala than HC (p < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected). However, brain areas with a higher (or lower) brain volume and WM connectivity were not observed in the HC compared with the patients with early AD. After six months of donepezil treatment, the patients with early AD showed increased hippocampal-inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) WM connectivity (p < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected).
Collapse
|
4
|
Ikanga J, Hickle S, Schwinne M, Epenge E, Gikelekele G, Kavugho I, Tsengele N, Samuel M, Zhao L, Qiu D, Stringer A, Saindane AM, Alonso A, Drane DL. Association Between Hippocampal Volume and African Neuropsychology Memory Tests in Adult Individuals with Probable Alzheimer's Disease in Democratic Republic of Congo. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:395-408. [PMID: 37781799 PMCID: PMC10903367 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Western studies indicate potential associations between hippocampal volume and memory in the trajectory of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, limited availability of neuroimaging technology and neuropsychological tests appropriate for sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries makes it difficult to establish neuroanatomical associations of hippocampus and memory in this locale. OBJECTIVE This study examined hippocampal volumes and memory in healthy control (HC) and probable AD groups in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). METHODS Forty-six subjects with probable AD and 29 HC subjects were screened using the Community Instrument for Dementia and the Alzheimer Questionnaire. Participants underwent neuroimaging in Kinshasa, DRC, and memory was evaluated using the African Neuropsychology Battery (ANB). Multiple linear regression was used to determine associations between hippocampal volumes and memory. RESULTS Patients with probable AD performed significantly worse than HCs on ANB memory measures, and exhibited greater cerebral atrophy, which was significantly pronounced in the medial temporal lobe region (hippocampus, entorhinal cortex). Both AD and HC subjects exhibited high rates of white matter hyperintensities compared to international base rate prevalence, which was significantly worse for probable AD. Both also exhibited elevated rates of microhemorrhages. Regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between hippocampal volume and ANB memory tests. Hippocampal atrophy discriminated probable AD from the HC group. CONCLUSIONS This study establishes the feasibility of conducting neuroimaging research in the SSA, demonstrates many known neuroimaging findings in probable AD patients hold up using culturally appropriate memory tasks, and suggest cardiovascular problems are a greater issue in SSA than in Western countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Ikanga
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
- University of Kinshasa and Catholic University of Congo, School of Medicine, Kinshasa, Department of Psychiatry, B.P. 7463 Kinshasa I, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Sabrina Hickle
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
| | - Megan Schwinne
- Emory University, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Emmanuel Epenge
- University of Kinshasa, Department of neurology, Kinshasa, B.P. 7463 Kinshasa I, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Guy Gikelekele
- University of Kinshasa and Catholic University of Congo, School of Medicine, Kinshasa, Department of Psychiatry, B.P. 7463 Kinshasa I, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Immaculee Kavugho
- Memory clinic of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, B.P. 7463 Kinshasa I, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Nathan Tsengele
- University of Kinshasa and Catholic University of Congo, School of Medicine, Kinshasa, Department of Psychiatry, B.P. 7463 Kinshasa I, Democratic Republic of Congo
- University of Kikwit, Faculty of Medicine, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Mampunza Samuel
- University of Kinshasa and Catholic University of Congo, School of Medicine, Kinshasa, Department of Psychiatry, B.P. 7463 Kinshasa I, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Liping Zhao
- Emory University, Department of biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Deqiang Qiu
- Emory University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences & Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anthony Stringer
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
| | - Amit M Saindane
- Emory University, School of Medicine, Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences and Neurosurgery, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Emory University, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Daniel L. Drane
- Emory University, School of Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Perez SD, Phillips JS, Norise C, Kinney NG, Vaddi P, Halpin A, Rascovsky K, Irwin DJ, McMillan CT, Xie L, Wisse LE, Yushkevich PA, Kallogjeri D, Grossman M, Cousins KA. Neuropsychological and Neuroanatomical Features of Patients with Behavioral/Dysexecutive Variant Alzheimer’s disease (AD): A Comparison to Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia and Amnestic AD Groups. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:641-658. [PMID: 35938245 PMCID: PMC10117623 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: An understudied variant of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the behavioral/dysexecutive variant of AD (bvAD), is associated with progressive personality, behavior, and/or executive dysfunction and frontal atrophy. Objective: This study characterizes the neuropsychological and neuroanatomical features associated with bvAD by comparing it to behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), amnestic AD (aAD), and subjects with normal cognition. Methods: Subjects included 16 bvAD, 67 bvFTD, and 18 aAD patients, and 26 healthy controls. Neuropsychological assessment and MRI data were compared between these groups. Results: Compared to bvFTD, bvAD showed more significant visuospatial impairments (Rey Figure copy and recall), more irritability (Neuropsychological Inventory), and equivalent verbal memory (Philadelphia Verbal Learning Test). Compared to aAD, bvAD indicated more executive dysfunction (F-letter fluency) and better visuospatial performance. Neuroimaging analysis found that bvAD showed cortical thinning relative to bvFTD posteriorly in left temporal-occipital regions; bvFTD had cortical thinning relative to bvAD in left inferior frontal cortex. bvAD had cortical thinning relative to aAD in prefrontal and anterior temporal regions. All patient groups had lower volumes than controls in both anterior and posterior hippocampus. However, bvAD patients had higher average volume than aAD patients in posterior hippocampus and higher volume than bvFTD patients in anterior hippocampus after adjustment for age and intracranial volume. Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that underlying pathology mediates disease presentation in bvAD and bvFTD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Dominguez Perez
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center (FTDC), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Phillips
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center (FTDC), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Catherine Norise
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nikolas G. Kinney
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center (FTDC), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Prerana Vaddi
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center (FTDC), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy Halpin
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center (FTDC), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Katya Rascovsky
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center (FTDC), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David J. Irwin
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center (FTDC), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Corey T. McMillan
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center (FTDC), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Long Xie
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Image Computing and Science Lab & Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura E.M. Wisse
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Image Computing and Science Lab & Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Paul A. Yushkevich
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Image Computing and Science Lab & Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dorina Kallogjeri
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Murray Grossman
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center (FTDC), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katheryn A.Q. Cousins
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center (FTDC), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yeung MK, Chau AKY, Chiu JYC, Shek JTL, Leung JPY, Wong TCH. Differential and subtype-specific neuroimaging abnormalities in amnestic and nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 80:101675. [PMID: 35724862 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
While mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been classified into amnestic MCI (aMCI) and nonamnestic MCI (naMCI), the neuropathological bases of these two subtypes remain elusive. Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the subtype specificity of neuroimaging abnormalities in MCI and to identify neural features that may differ between aMCI and naMCI. We synthesized 50 studies that used common neuroimaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography, to compare brain atrophy, white matter abnormalities, cortical thinning, cerebral hypometabolism, amyloid/tau deposition, or other features among aMCI, naMCI, and normal cognition. Compared with normal cognition, aMCI shows diverse neuroimaging abnormalities of large effect sizes. In contrast, naMCI exhibits restricted abnormalities of small effect sizes. Some features, including medial temporal lobe atrophy and white matter abnormalities, are shared by the two MCI subtypes. Overall, brain abnormalities are worse, if not similar, in aMCI than in naMCI. The only neuroimaging abnormality specific to aMCI is increased amyloid burden; no feature specific to naMCI was found. Taken together, our findings have elucidated the neuropathological changes that occur in aMCI and naMCI. Clarifying the neuroimaging profiles of aMCI and naMCI can improve the early identification, differentiation, and intervention of prodromal dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Yeung
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Anson Kwok-Yun Chau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jason Yin-Chuen Chiu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jay Tsz-Lok Shek
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jody Po-Yi Leung
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Toby Chun-Ho Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ma J, Ma LY, Man F, Zhang G. Association of Homocysteine Levels With Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy Among Carriers and Non-carriers of APOE ε4 in MCI Subjects. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:823605. [PMID: 35492717 PMCID: PMC9039208 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.823605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different clinical subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) involve heterogeneous underlying etiologies. This study investigated the association between demographics, neuropsychological performance, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures in patients with MCI (amnestic [aMCI] and non-amnestic [naMCI]). METHODS This case-control study included 130 aMCI patients, 58 naMCI patients, and 1,106 healthy controls (HCs). APOE genotypes, medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA), neurological evaluation results, and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) were investigated. Serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations were analyzed by radioimmunoassay, and plasma hyperhomocysteinemia (Hcy) was assessed by a high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence method. RESULTS Serum folate levels were significantly lower, but plasma Hcy levels were higher, in patients with aMCI and naMCI than in healthy controls. There were significantly higher MTA scores in the aMCI group than the healthy control group. Multiple linear regression showed that serum Hcy and folate concentrations were positively associated with MTA (p < 0.05), while APOE4 showed a significant negative association with MTA in the aMCI group (p < 0.01). In addition, moderate/severe WMH showed a significant negative association with MTA in the naMCI and HC groups (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The combined presence of APOE4 and Hcy is associated with aMCI in elderly individuals, while moderate/severe WMH is related to naMCI, which suggests etiological differences across MCI subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Department of Radiology, Chuiyangliu Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Yun Ma
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - FengYuan Man
- Department of Radiology, PLA Rocket Army Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guili Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rubin L, Ingram LA, Resciniti NV, Ashford-Carroll B, Leith KH, Rose A, Ureña S, McCollum Q, Friedman DB. Genetic Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease in Racial/Ethnic Minority Populations in the U.S.: A Scoping Review. Front Public Health 2021; 9:784958. [PMID: 35004586 PMCID: PMC8739784 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.784958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: As the United States (U.S.) population rapidly ages, the incidence of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRDs) is rising, with racial/ethnic minorities affected at disproportionate rates. Much research has been undertaken to test, sequence, and analyze genetic risk factors for ADRDs in Caucasian populations, but comparatively little has been done with racial/ethnic minority populations. We conducted a scoping review to examine the nature and extent of the research that has been published about the genetic factors of ADRDs among racial/ethnic minorities in the U.S. Design: Using an established scoping review methodological framework, we searched electronic databases for articles describing peer-reviewed empirical studies or Genome-Wide Association Studies that had been published 2005-2018 and focused on ADRD-related genes or genetic factors among underrepresented racial/ethnic minority population in the U.S. Results: Sixty-six articles met the inclusion criteria for full text review. Well-established ADRD genetic risk factors for Caucasian populations including APOE, APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 have not been studied to the same degree in minority U.S. populations. Compared to the amount of research that has been conducted with Caucasian populations in the U.S., racial/ethnic minority communities are underrepresented. Conclusion: Given the projected growth of the aging population and incidence of ADRDs, particularly among racial/ethnic minorities, increased focus on this important segment of the population is warranted. Our review can aid researchers in developing fundamental research questions to determine the role that ADRD risk genes play in the heavier burden of ADRDs in racial/ethnic minority populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Rubin
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Lucy A. Ingram
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Nicholas V. Resciniti
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Brianna Ashford-Carroll
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Katherine Henrietta Leith
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Aubrey Rose
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Stephanie Ureña
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Quentin McCollum
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Daniela B. Friedman
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Thakur B, Alvarado L, Dodoo C, Salazar R, Espay AJ, Dwivedi AK. Ethnic Differences Between Hispanics and Non-Hispanic Whites in Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Predict Conversion to Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2021; 34:622-631. [PMID: 32909879 DOI: 10.1177/0891988720957087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to ascertain the neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) subtypes significantly influencing progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by ethnicity. In this retrospective cohort study, we included 386 cognitively normal individuals participating in the longitudinal Texas Alzheimer's Research and Care Consortium between February 2007 and August 2014. The primary outcome was time to incident MCI. Data driven NPS subtypes at baseline were identified and the effects of these subtypes on the outcome were obtained for Hispanic and non-Hispanic ethnic cohorts and summarized with a hazard ratio (HR). Three NPS subtypes were identified and internally validated: psychomotor apathy factor (including agitation, irritability, apathy), affective mood factor (including depression, anxiety), and physical behavior factor (including nighttime behavior, eating/appetite disturbances). In adjusted analysis, a psychomotor apathy score of NPS was the best predictor for MCI (HR = 2.19, p = 0.037) among non-Hispanics whereas physical behavior score was the most predictive of MCI (HR = 2.55, p = 0.029) among Hispanics. A high score of affective mood factor also tended to increase the risk of MCI (HR = 2.09, p = 0.06) in Hispanics. Progression from normal cognition to MCI was differentially predicted by NPS subtypes in Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites. These data may inform the allocation of efforts for monitoring individuals at-risk of MCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Thakur
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 158161Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Luis Alvarado
- Biostatistics and Epidemiological Consulting Lab, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 158161Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Christopher Dodoo
- Biostatistics and Epidemiological Consulting Lab, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 158161Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Ricardo Salazar
- Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Memory Disorder & Geriatric Neuropsychiatry Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 158161Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Alberto J Espay
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, 2514University of Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alok Kumar Dwivedi
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 158161Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, TX, USA.,Biostatistics and Epidemiological Consulting Lab, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 158161Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim GW, Park SE, Park K, Jeong GW. White Matter Connectivity and Gray Matter Volume Changes Following Donepezil Treatment in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Preliminary Study Using Probabilistic Tractography. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:604940. [PMID: 33796017 PMCID: PMC8007874 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.604940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The donepezil treatment is associated with improved cognitive performance in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and its clinical effectiveness is well-known. However, the impact of the donepezil treatment on the enhanced white matter connectivity in MCI is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thalamo-cortical white matter (WM) connectivity and cortical thickness and gray matter (GM) volume changes in the cortical regions following donepezil treatment in patients with MCI using probabilistic tractography and voxel-based morphometry. Patients with MCI underwent magnetic resonance examinations before and after 6-month donepezil treatment. Compared with healthy controls, patients with MCI showed decreased WM connectivity of the thalamo-lateral prefrontal cortex, as well as reduced thickness in the medial/lateral orbitofrontal cortices (p < 0.05). The thalamo-lateral temporal cortex connectivity in patients with MCI was negatively correlated with Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) (r = −0.76, p = 0.01). The average score of the Korean version of the mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE) in patients with MCI was improved by 7.9% after 6-months of donepezil treatment. However, the patterns of WM connectivity and brain volume change in untreated and treated patients were not significantly different from each other, resulting from multiple comparison corrections. These findings will be valuable in understanding the neurophysiopathological mechanism on MCI as a prodromal phase of Alzheimer's disease in connection with brain functional connectivity and morphometric change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwang-Won Kim
- Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shin-Eui Park
- Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Kwangsung Park
- Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.,Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Gwang-Woo Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Srisaikaew P, Wongpakaran N, Anderson ND, Chen JJ, Kothan S, Varnado P, Unsrisong K, Mahakkanukrauh P. Fornix Integrity Is Differently Associated With Cognition in Healthy Aging and Non-amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study in Thai Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:594002. [PMID: 33343334 PMCID: PMC7745667 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.594002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage to the fornix leads to significant memory impairment and executive dysfunction and is associated with dementia risk. We sought to identify if fornix integrity and fiber length are disrupted in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and how they associate with cognition. Data from 14 healthy older adult controls (HCs) and 17 subjects with non-amnestic MCI (n-aMCI) were analyzed. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at 1.5 Tesla MRI was performed to enable manual tracing of the fornix and calculation of DTI parameters. Higher fractional anisotropy of body and column of the fornix was associated with better executive functioning and memory, more strongly in the HC than in the n-aMCI group. Fornix fiber tract length (FTL) was associated with better executive function, more strongly in the n-aMCI than in the HC group, and with better memory, more strongly in the HC than in the n-aMCI group. These results highlight a decline in the contributions of the fornix to cognition in n-aMCI and suggest that maintenance of fornix FTL is essential for sustaining executive functioning in people with n-aMCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patcharaporn Srisaikaew
- Ph.D. Program in Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nahathai Wongpakaran
- Geriatric Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nicole D. Anderson
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Science, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J. Jean Chen
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Science, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pairada Varnado
- Geriatric Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Unsrisong
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Excellence in Osteology Research and Training Center (ORTC), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sherman DS, Durbin KA, Ross DM. Meta-Analysis of Memory-Focused Training and Multidomain Interventions in Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 76:399-421. [PMID: 32508325 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meta-analysis examining the efficacy of cognitive interventions on neuropsychological outcomes have suggested interventions that focus on memory may actually provide greater benefit against the cognitive declines associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, it remains unclear if memory-based training would be more effective at addressing the cognitive deficits associated with MCI than multidomain forms of intervention. OBJECTIVE A meta-analytic review and subgroup analysis was conducted to examine the effects of cognitive training in individuals diagnosed with MCI and to compare the efficacy of memory-based training with multidomain interventions. METHODS A total of 32 randomized controlled trials met inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis, which included 9 studies on memory-focused training and 17 studies on multidomain interventions. RESULTS We found significant, large effects for memory-focused training (Hedges' g observed = 0.947; 95% CI [-1.668, 3.562]; Z = 2.517; p = 0.012) and significant, moderate effects for multidomain interventions (Hedges' g observed = 0.420; 95% CI [-0.4491, 1.2891]; Z = 3.525; p < 0.001). A subgroup analysis found significant point estimates for memory-based forms of training and multidomain interventions, with memory-based forms of content yielding significantly greater summary effects than multidomain interventions (SMD Z = 2.162; p = 0.031, two-tailed; all outcomes). There was no difference between effect sizes when comparing outcomes limited to its respective domain. CONCLUSION Overall, these findings suggest that, while both interventions were beneficial, treatment interventions that were strictly memory-based were more effective at improving cognition in individuals diagnosed with MCI than interventions that targeted multiple cognitive domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dale S Sherman
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Rossier School of Education, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kelly A Durbin
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David M Ross
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
de la Torre JC, Olmo AD, Valles S. Can mild cognitive impairment be stabilized by showering brain mitochondria with laser photons? Neuropharmacology 2019; 171:107841. [PMID: 31704275 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is now substantial evidence that cerebral blood flow (CBF) declines with age. From age 20 to 60, CBF is estimated to dip about 16% and continues to drop at a rate of 0.4%/year. This CBF dip will slowly reduce oxygen/glucose delivery to brain thus lowering ATP energy production needed by brain cells to perform normal activities. Reduced ATP production from mitochondrial loss or damage in the wear-and-tear of aging worsens when vascular risk factors (VRF) to Alzheimer's disease develop that can accelerate both age-decline CBF and mitochondrial deficiency to a level where mild cognitive impairment (MCI) develops. To date, no pharmacological or any other treatment has been successful in reversing, stabilizing or delaying MCI. For the first time in medical interventions, a non-pharmacological, non-invasive, well-tolerated, easy to perform, free of significant side effects and cost-effective treatment may achieve what virtually all AD treatments in the past have been unable to accomplish. This intervention uses transcranial infrared brain stimulation (TIBS), a form of photobiomodulation (PBM). PBM is a bioenergetic non-ionizing, therapeutic approach using low level light emission from laser or light emitting diodes. PBM has been used in a number of neurological conditions including Parkinson's disease, depression, traumatic brain injury, and stroke with diverse reported benefits. This brief review examines the impact of reduced energy supply stemming from chronic brain hypoperfusion in the aging brain. In this context, the use of TIBS is planned in a randomized, placebo-controlled study of MCI patients to be done at our University Clinic. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'The Quest for Disease-Modifying Therapies for Neurodegenerative Disorders'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack C de la Torre
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, 46010, Spain.
| | - Antonio Del Olmo
- Neurology Section, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, 46017, Spain
| | - Soraya Valles
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, 46010, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Babulal GM, Quiroz YT, Albensi BC, Arenaza-Urquijo E, Astell AJ, Babiloni C, Bahar-Fuchs A, Bell J, Bowman GL, Brickman AM, Chételat G, Ciro C, Cohen AD, Dilworth-Anderson P, Dodge HH, Dreux S, Edland S, Esbensen A, Evered L, Ewers M, Fargo KN, Fortea J, Gonzalez H, Gustafson DR, Head E, Hendrix JA, Hofer SM, Johnson LA, Jutten R, Kilborn K, Lanctôt KL, Manly JJ, Martins RN, Mielke MM, Morris MC, Murray ME, Oh ES, Parra MA, Rissman RA, Roe CM, Santos OA, Scarmeas N, Schneider LS, Schupf N, Sikkes S, Snyder HM, Sohrabi HR, Stern Y, Strydom A, Tang Y, Terrera GM, Teunissen C, Melo van Lent D, Weinborn M, Wesselman L, Wilcock DM, Zetterberg H, O'Bryant SE. Perspectives on ethnic and racial disparities in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: Update and areas of immediate need. Alzheimers Dement 2019; 15:292-312. [PMID: 30555031 PMCID: PMC6368893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRDs) are a global crisis facing the aging population and society as a whole. With the numbers of people with ADRDs predicted to rise dramatically across the world, the scientific community can no longer neglect the need for research focusing on ADRDs among underrepresented ethnoracial diverse groups. The Alzheimer's Association International Society to Advance Alzheimer's Research and Treatment (ISTAART; alz.org/ISTAART) comprises a number of professional interest areas (PIAs), each focusing on a major scientific area associated with ADRDs. We leverage the expertise of the existing international cadre of ISTAART scientists and experts to synthesize a cross-PIA white paper that provides both a concise "state-of-the-science" report of ethnoracial factors across PIA foci and updated recommendations to address immediate needs to advance ADRD science across ethnoracial populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh M Babulal
- Department of Neurology and Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yakeel T Quiroz
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benedict C Albensi
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Arlene J Astell
- Department of Occupational Sciences & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, CA; School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, UK
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS-Hospital San Raffaele Pisana of Rome and Cassino, Rome and Cassino, Italy
| | - Alex Bahar-Fuchs
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, the University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Gene L Bowman
- Nutrition and Brain Health Laboratory, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, Layton Aging & Alzheimer's Disease Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Adam M Brickman
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gaël Chételat
- Inserm, Inserm UMR-S U1237, Université de Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Carrie Ciro
- Department of Occupational Therapy Education, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ann D Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Hiroko H Dodge
- Department of Neurology, Layton Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Simone Dreux
- Undergraduate Program of History and Science, Harvard College, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven Edland
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Anna Esbensen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine & Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lisbeth Evered
- Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Ewers
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Keith N Fargo
- Medical & Scientific Relations, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Juan Fortea
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Down Medical Center, Fundació Catalana de Síndrome de Down, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hector Gonzalez
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Deborah R Gustafson
- Department of Neurology, Section for NeuroEpidemiology, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - James A Hendrix
- Medical & Scientific Relations, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Scott M Hofer
- Adult Development and Aging, University of Victoria, British Columbia, CA, USA
| | - Leigh A Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Roos Jutten
- VU University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kerry Kilborn
- Department of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Sunnybrook Research Institute of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer J Manly
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ralph N Martins
- Aging and Alzheimer's Disease, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Michelle M Mielke
- Department of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Esther S Oh
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mario A Parra
- School of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Heriot-Watt University, UK; Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, Barranquilla, Colombia; Neuroprogressive and Dementia Network, UK
| | - Robert A Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Catherine M Roe
- Department of Neurology and Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Octavio A Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Aiginition Hospital, 1st Neurology Clinic, Department of Social Medicine, Psychiatry and Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lon S Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and The Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sietske Sikkes
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heather M Snyder
- Medical & Scientific Relations, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hamid R Sohrabi
- Aging and Alzheimer's Disease, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andre Strydom
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Graciela Muniz Terrera
- Centers for Clinical Brain Sciences and Dementia Prevention, University in Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Charlotte Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Debora Melo van Lent
- Department of Clinical Research, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Weinborn
- Aging and Alzheimer's Disease, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | | | - Donna M Wilcock
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Sid E O'Bryant
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Emrani S, Libon DJ, Lamar M, Price CC, Jefferson AL, Gifford KA, Hohman TJ, Nation DA, Delano-Wood L, Jak A, Bangen KJ, Bondi MW, Brickman AM, Manly J, Swenson R, Au R. Assessing Working Memory in Mild Cognitive Impairment with Serial Order Recall. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 61:917-928. [PMID: 29254087 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Working memory (WM) is often assessed with serial order tests such as repeating digits backward. In prior dementia research using the Backward Digit Span Test (BDT), only aggregate test performance was examined. OBJECTIVE The current research tallied primacy/recency effects, out-of-sequence transposition errors, perseverations, and omissions to assess WM deficits in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS Memory clinic patients (n = 66) were classified into three groups: single domain amnestic MCI (aMCI), combined mixed domain/dysexecutive MCI (mixed/dys MCI), and non-MCI where patients did not meet criteria for MCI. Serial order/WM ability was assessed by asking participants to repeat 7 trials of five digits backwards. Serial order position accuracy, transposition errors, perseverations, and omission errors were tallied. RESULTS A 3 (group)×5 (serial position) repeated measures ANOVA yielded a significant group×trial interaction. Follow-up analyses found attenuation of the recency effect for mixed/dys MCI patients. Mixed/dys MCI patients scored lower than non-MCI patients for serial position 3 (p < 0.003) serial position 4 (p < 0.002); and lower than both group for serial position 5 (recency; p < 0.002). Mixed/dys MCI patients also produced more transposition errors than both groups (p < 0.010); and more omissions (p < 0.020), and perseverations errors (p < 0.018) than non-MCI patients. CONCLUSIONS The attenuation of a recency effect using serial order parameters obtained from the BDT may provide a useful operational definition as well as additional diagnostic information regarding working memory deficits in MCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheina Emrani
- Departments of Geriatrics, Gerontology and Psychology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan University-School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - David J Libon
- Departments of Geriatrics, Gerontology and Psychology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan University-School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Catherine C Price
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Angela L Jefferson
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Katherine A Gifford
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Timothy J Hohman
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daniel A Nation
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Delano-Wood
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Amy Jak
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Katherine J Bangen
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mark W Bondi
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Adam M Brickman
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Manly
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rodney Swenson
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Rhoda Au
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Vecchio LM, Meng Y, Xhima K, Lipsman N, Hamani C, Aubert I. The Neuroprotective Effects of Exercise: Maintaining a Healthy Brain Throughout Aging. Brain Plast 2018; 4:17-52. [PMID: 30564545 PMCID: PMC6296262 DOI: 10.3233/bpl-180069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity plays an essential role in maintaining a healthy body, yet it also provides unique benefits for the vascular and cellular systems that sustain a healthy brain. While the benefit of exercise has been observed in humans of all ages, the availability of preclinical models has permitted systematic investigations into the mechanisms by which exercise supports and protects the brain. Over the past twenty-five years, rodent models have shown that increased physical activity elevates neurotrophic factors in the hippocampal and cortical areas, facilitating neurotransmission throughout the brain. Increased physical activity (such as by the voluntary use of a running wheel or regular, timed sessions on a treadmill) also promotes proliferation, maturation and survival of cells in the dentate gyrus, contributing to the process of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In this way, rodent studies have tremendous value as they demonstrate that an 'active lifestyle' has the capacity to ameliorate a number of age-related changes in the brain, including the decline in adult neurogenesis. Moreover, these studies have shown that greater physical activity may protect the brain health into advanced age through a number of complimentary mechanisms: in addition to upregulating factors in pro-survival neurotrophic pathways and enhancing synaptic plasticity, increased physical activity promotes brain health by supporting the cerebrovasculature, sustaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, increasing glymphatic clearance and proteolytic degradation of amyloid beta species, and regulating microglia activation. Collectively, preclinical studies demonstrate that exercise initiates diverse and powerful neuroprotective pathways that may converge to promote continued brain health into old age. This review will draw on both seminal and current literature that highlights mechanisms by which exercise supports the functioning of the brain, and aids in its protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Vecchio
- Biological Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ying Meng
- Biological Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kristiana Xhima
- Biological Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nir Lipsman
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
- Physical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, ON, Canada
| | - Clement Hamani
- Biological Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Isabelle Aubert
- Biological Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Doi T, Blumen HM, Verghese J, Shimada H, Makizako H, Tsutsumimoto K, Hotta R, Nakakubo S, Suzuki T. Gray matter volume and dual-task gait performance in mild cognitive impairment. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 11:887-898. [PMID: 27392792 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-016-9562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Dual-task gait performance is impaired in older adults with mild cognitive impairment, but the brain substrates associated with dual-task gait performance are not well-established. The relationship between gray matter and gait speed under single-task and dual-task conditions (walking while counting backward) was examined in 560 seniors with mild cognitive impairment (non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment: n = 270; mean age = 72.4 yrs., 63.6 % women; amnestic mild cognitive impairment: n = 290; mean age = 73.4 yrs., 45.4 % women). Multivariate covariance-based analyses of magnetic resonance imaging data, adjusted for potential confounders including single-task gait speed, were performed to identify gray matter patterns associated with dual-task gait speed. There were no differences in gait speed or cognitive performance during dual-task gait between individuals with non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment and amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Overall, increased dual-task gait speed was associated with a gray matter pattern of increased volume in medial frontal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate, cingulate, precuneus, fusiform gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus. The relationship between dual-task gait speed and brain substrates also differed by mild cognitive impairment subtype. Our study revealed a pattern of gray matter regions associated with dual-task performance. Although dual-task gait performance was similar in amnestic and non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment, the gray matter patterns associated with dual-task gait performance differed by mild cognitive impairment subtype. These findings suggest that the brain substrates supporting dual-task gait performance in amnestic and non-amnestic subtypes are different, and consequently may respond differently to interventions, or require different interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Helena M Blumen
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Joe Verghese
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryo Hotta
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sho Nakakubo
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takao Suzuki
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
- Graduate School of Gerontology, J.F. Oberlin University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hosseini AA, Meng D, Simpson RJ, Auer DP. Mesiotemporal atrophy and hippocampal diffusivity distinguish amnestic from non-amnestic vascular cognitive impairment. Eur J Neurol 2017; 24:902-911. [PMID: 28547878 PMCID: PMC5518192 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background and purpose The role of clinical factors, cerebral infarcts and hippocampal damage in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) subtypes remains unclear. Methods Non‐demented patients with carotid stenosis and recent transient ischemic attack/stroke had cognitive assessment and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Amnestic VCI was defined as memory impairment; non‐amnestic VCI was any other subdomain impairment. Associations of MRI metrics [log‐transformed total ischemic lesion load (log TILL), mesiotemporal atrophy (MTA) score, hippocampal mean diffusivity (hipMD)] with cognitive performance were assessed. Results A hundred and eight patients, 47 with amnestic VCI and 21 with non‐amnestic VCI, were assessed. A higher MTA (odds ratio 12.89, P = 0.001) and left hipMD (odds ratio 4.43, P = 0.003) contributed to amnestic VCI versus normal. Age‐adjusted fluency correlated with log TILL (P = 0.002). Age‐adjusted memory was associated with left hipMD (P = 0.001), MTA (P < 0.001) but not log TILL (P = 0.14). Left hipMD, MTA and smoking showed classification potential between amnestic VCI versus normal (area 0.859, P < 0.001). Conclusions Neuroimaging assists stratification in amnestic VCI characterized by hippocampal changes and in non‐amnestic VCI by higher ischemic burden. MTA and hippocampal diffusivity show diagnostic biomarker potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Hosseini
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Radiological Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - D Meng
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Radiological Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - R J Simpson
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Radiological Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - D P Auer
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Radiological Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Devlin KN, Giovannetti T. Heterogeneity of Neuropsychological Impairment in HIV Infection: Contributions from Mild Cognitive Impairment. Neuropsychol Rev 2017; 27:101-123. [PMID: 28536861 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-017-9348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite longstanding acknowledgement of the heterogeneity of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), existing HAND diagnostic methods classify according to the degree of impairment, without regard to the pattern of neuropsychological strengths and weaknesses. Research in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has demonstrated that classifying individuals into subtypes by both their level and pattern of impairment, using either conventional or statistical methods, has etiologic and prognostic utility. Methods for characterizing the heterogeneity of MCI provide a framework that can be applied to other disorders and may be useful in clarifying some of the current challenges in the study of HAND. A small number of studies have applied these methods to examine the heterogeneity of neurocognitive function among individuals with HIV. Most have supported the existence of multiple subtypes of neurocognitive impairment, with some evidence for distinct clinicodemographic features of these subtypes, but a number of gaps exist. Following a review of diagnostic methods and challenges in the study of HAND, we summarize the literature regarding conventional and empirical subtypes of MCI and HAND and identify directions for future research regarding neurocognitive heterogeneity in HIV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn N Devlin
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Weiss Hall, 1701 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
| | - Tania Giovannetti
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Weiss Hall, 1701 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Park CM, Williams ED, Chaturvedi N, Tillin T, Stewart RJ, Richards M, Shibata D, Mayet J, Hughes AD. Associations Between Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Brain Structure and Function: Findings From the SABRE (Southall and Brent Revisited) Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.004898. [PMID: 28420646 PMCID: PMC5533007 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction has been inconsistently associated with early cognitive impairment, and mechanistic pathways have been poorly considered. We investigated the cross‐sectional relationship between LV dysfunction and structural/functional measures of the brain and explored the role of potential mechanisms. Method and Results A total of 1338 individuals (69±6 years) from the Southall and Brent Revisited study underwent echocardiography for systolic (tissue Doppler imaging peak systolic wave) and diastolic (left atrial diameter) assessment. Cognitive function was assessed and total and hippocampal brain volumes were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Global LV function was assessed by circulating N‐terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide. The role of potential mechanistic pathways of arterial stiffness, atherosclerosis, microvascular disease, and inflammation were explored. After adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity, lower systolic function was associated with lower total brain (beta±standard error, 14.9±3.2 cm3; P<0.0001) and hippocampal volumes (0.05±0.02 cm3, P=0.01). Reduced diastolic function was associated with poorer working memory (−0.21±0.07, P=0.004) and fluency scores (−0.18±0.08, P=0.02). Reduced global LV function was associated with smaller hippocampal volume (−0.10±0.03 cm3, P=0.004) and adverse visual memory (−0.076±0.03, P=0.02) and processing speed (0.063±0.02, P=0.006) scores. Separate adjustment for concomitant cardiovascular risk factors attenuated associations with hippocampal volume and fluency only. Further adjustment for the alternative pathways of microvascular disease or arterial stiffness attenuated the relationship between global LV function and visual memory. Conclusions In a community‐based sample of older people, measures of LV function were associated with structural/functional measures of the brain. These associations were not wholly explained by concomitant risk factors or potential mechanistic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe M Park
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emily D Williams
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nish Chaturvedi
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Therese Tillin
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Stewart
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dean Shibata
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jamil Mayet
- ICCH, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alun D Hughes
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Galluzzi S, Marizzoni M, Babiloni C, Albani D, Antelmi L, Bagnoli C, Bartres-Faz D, Cordone S, Didic M, Farotti L, Fiedler U, Forloni G, Girtler N, Hensch T, Jovicich J, Leeuwis A, Marra C, Molinuevo JL, Nobili F, Pariente J, Parnetti L, Payoux P, Del Percio C, Ranjeva JP, Rolandi E, Rossini PM, Schönknecht P, Soricelli A, Tsolaki M, Visser PJ, Wiltfang J, Richardson JC, Bordet R, Blin O, Frisoni GB. Clinical and biomarker profiling of prodromal Alzheimer's disease in workpackage 5 of the Innovative Medicines Initiative PharmaCog project: a 'European ADNI study'. J Intern Med 2016; 279:576-91. [PMID: 26940242 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the field of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the validation of biomarkers for early AD diagnosis and for use as a surrogate outcome in AD clinical trials is of considerable research interest. OBJECTIVE To characterize the clinical profile and genetic, neuroimaging and neurophysiological biomarkers of prodromal AD in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients enrolled in the IMI WP5 PharmaCog (also referred to as the European ADNI study). METHODS A total of 147 aMCI patients were enrolled in 13 European memory clinics. Patients underwent clinical and neuropsychological evaluation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG) and lumbar puncture to assess the levels of amyloid β peptide 1-42 (Aβ42), tau and p-tau, and blood samples were collected. Genetic (APOE), neuroimaging (3T morphometry and diffusion MRI) and EEG (with resting-state and auditory oddball event-related potential (AO-ERP) paradigm) biomarkers were evaluated. RESULTS Prodromal AD was found in 55 aMCI patients defined by low Aβ42 in the cerebrospinal fluid (Aβ positive). Compared to the aMCI group with high Aβ42 levels (Aβ negative), Aβ positive patients showed poorer visual (P = 0.001), spatial recognition (P < 0.0005) and working (P = 0.024) memory, as well as a higher frequency of APOE4 (P < 0.0005), lower hippocampal volume (P = 0.04), reduced thickness of the parietal cortex (P < 0.009) and structural connectivity of the corpus callosum (P < 0.05), higher amplitude of delta rhythms at rest (P = 0.03) and lower amplitude of posterior cingulate sources of AO-ERP (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION These results suggest that, in aMCI patients, prodromal AD is characterized by a distinctive cognitive profile and genetic, neuroimaging and neurophysiological biomarkers. Longitudinal assessment will help to identify the role of these biomarkers in AD progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Galluzzi
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging & Epidemiology, Saint John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia, Italy
| | - M Marizzoni
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging & Epidemiology, Saint John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy.,IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D Albani
- Department of Neuroscience, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | - L Antelmi
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging & Epidemiology, Saint John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Bagnoli
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging & Epidemiology, Saint John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia, Italy
| | - D Bartres-Faz
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - S Cordone
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy
| | - M Didic
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, Marseille, France.,Service de Neurologie et Neuropsychologie, APHM Hôpital Timone Adultes, Marseille, France
| | - L Farotti
- Clinica Neurologica, Università di Perugia, Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia, Perugia, Italy
| | - U Fiedler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, LVR-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - G Forloni
- Department of Neuroscience, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | - N Girtler
- Clinical Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - T Hensch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - J Jovicich
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - A Leeuwis
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Centre, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C Marra
- Department of Gerontology, Neurosciences & Orthopedics, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - J L Molinuevo
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - F Nobili
- Clinical Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - J Pariente
- INSERM, Imagerie Cérébrale et Handicaps Neurologiques, Toulouse, France
| | - L Parnetti
- Clinica Neurologica, Università di Perugia, Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia, Perugia, Italy
| | - P Payoux
- INSERM, Imagerie Cérébrale et Handicaps Neurologiques, Toulouse, France
| | - C Del Percio
- SDN Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, Naples, Italy
| | - J-P Ranjeva
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, Marseille, France.,Service de Neurologie et Neuropsychologie, APHM Hôpital Timone Adultes, Marseille, France
| | - E Rolandi
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging & Epidemiology, Saint John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia, Italy
| | - P M Rossini
- Department of Gerontology, Neurosciences & Orthopedics, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - P Schönknecht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Soricelli
- SDN Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, Naples, Italy
| | - M Tsolaki
- Third Neurologic Clinic, Medical School, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P J Visser
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Centre, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, LVR-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - J C Richardson
- Neurosciences Therapeutic Area, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, UK
| | - R Bordet
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171 - Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, Lille, France
| | - O Blin
- Mediterranean Institute of Cognitive Neurosciences, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - G B Frisoni
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging & Epidemiology, Saint John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia, Italy.,Memory Clinic and LANVIE - Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Uemura K, Shimada H, Doi T, Makizako H, Tsutsumimoto K, Park H, Suzuki T. Reduced prefrontal oxygenation in mild cognitive impairment during memory retrieval. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2016; 31:583-91. [PMID: 26387497 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Memory impairment is considered a hallmark of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and dementia. Emerging evidence suggests that the prefrontal lobe is required to maintain memory functions. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether older adults with aMCI have decreased prefrontal oxygenation during memory encoding and retrieval compared with age-matched healthy older adults, using multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy. METHODS We examined 64 older adults with aMCI (mean 71.8 years) and 66 cognitively healthy control subjects comparable in age and gender (mean 71.7 years). The concentration of oxy-hemoglobin, which is a reliable biomarker of changes in regional cerebral blood flow, was measured in the prefrontal cortex during encoding and delayed retrieval of a list of 10 target words. Task performance was evaluated as average number of correct answers in the retrieval task. RESULTS Subjects with aMCI showed reduced activation in the bilateral dorsolateral cortex (approximately Brodmann area 9) and provided fewer correct answers in the retrieval period than control subjects. There were no significant differences during encoding. CONCLUSIONS Reduced activation in the dorsolateral cortex during retrieval may cause deficits in memory performance, which may be used as a marker of aMCI. Further studies are required to examine the predictive validity of this decreased activation pattern for the incidence of Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Uemura
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.,Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Hyuntae Park
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.,Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Takao Suzuki
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kida J, Nemoto K, Ikejima C, Bun S, Kakuma T, Mizukami K, Asada T. Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Conversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes to Alzheimer’s Disease: A Community-Based Longitudinal Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 51:405-15. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-150603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Kida
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Adachi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nemoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Shogyoku Bun
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | | - Takashi Asada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Foley JM, Salat DH, Stricker NH, McGlinchey RE, Milberg WP, Grande LJ, Leritz EC. Glucose Dysregulation Interacts With APOE-∊4 to Potentiate Temporoparietal Cortical Thinning. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2016; 31:76-86. [PMID: 26006791 PMCID: PMC4913470 DOI: 10.1177/1533317515587084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We examined the interactive effects of apolipoprotein ∊4 (APOE-∊4), a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and diabetes risk on cortical thickness among 107 healthy elderly participants; in particular, participants included 27 APOE-∊4+ and 80 APOE-∊4- controls using T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging. Regions of interests included select frontal, temporal, and parietal cortical regions. Among APOE-∊4, glucose abnormalities independently predicted reduced cortical thickness among temporoparietal regions but failed to predict changes for noncarriers. However, among noncarriers, age independently predicted reduced cortical thickness among temporoparietal and frontal regions. Diabetes risk is particularly important for the integrity of cortical gray matter in APOE-∊4 and demonstrates a pattern of thinning that is expected in preclinical AD. However, in the absence of this genetic factor, age confers risk for reduced cortical thickness among regions of expected compromise. This study supports aggressive management of cerebrovascular factors and earlier preclinical detection of AD among individuals presenting with genetic and metabolic risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Foley
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David H Salat
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikki H Stricker
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Regina E McGlinchey
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William P Milberg
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura J Grande
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Leritz
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Coutinho AMN, Porto FHG, Duran FLS, Prando S, Ono CR, Feitosa EAAF, Spíndola L, de Oliveira MO, do Vale PHF, Gomes HR, Nitrini R, Brucki SMD, Buchpiguel CA. Brain metabolism and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers profile of non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment in comparison to amnestic mild cognitive impairment and normal older subjects. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2015; 7:58. [PMID: 26373380 PMCID: PMC4572657 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-015-0143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is classically considered a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. Non-amnestic MCI (naMCI) patients, however, typically demonstrate cognitive deficits other than memory decline. Furthermore, as a group, naMCI have a lower rate of an eventual dementia diagnosis as compared to amnestic subtypes of MCI (aMCI). Unfortunately, studies investigating biomarker profiles of naMCI are scarce. The study objective was to investigate the regional brain glucose metabolism (rBGM) with [18F]FDG-PET and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in subjects with naMCI as compared to a control group (CG) and aMCI subjects. METHODS Ninety-five patients were included in three different groups: naMCI (N = 32), aMCI (N = 33) and CG (N = 30). Patients underwent brain MRI and [18F]FDG-PET. A subsample (naMCI = 26, aMCI = 28) also had an assessment of amyloid-β, tau, and phosphorylated tau levels in the CSF. RESULTS Both MCI groups had lower rBGM in relation to the CG in the precuneus. Subjects with naMCI showed decreased right prefrontal metabolism as well as higher levels of CSF amyloid-β relative to aMCI subjects. CONCLUSION While amnestic MCI subjects showed a biomarker profile classically related to MCI due to Alzheimer's disease, naMCI patients illustrated a decrease in both prefrontal hypometabolism and higher CSF amyloid-β levels relative to the aMCI group. These biomarker findings indicate that naMCI is probably a heterogeneous group with similar precuneus hypometabolism compared to aMCI, but additional frontal hypometabolism and less amyloid-β deposition in the brain. Clinical follow-up and reappraisal of biomarkers of the naMCI group is needed to determine the outcome and probable etiological diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artur M N Coutinho
- Department of Radiology/Nuclear Medicine Center/LIM43, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,Trav. Ovídio Pires de Campos S/N, prédio do Centro de Medicina Nuclear, 2 andar - LIM43, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo, CEP 05403-010, Brazil.
| | - Fábio H G Porto
- Department of Neurology...Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, 255 CEP 05403-900, Brazil.
| | - Fabio L S Duran
- Department of Psychiatry - R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, São Paulo, 785 CEP 01060-970, Brazil.
| | - Silvana Prando
- Department of Radiology/Nuclear Medicine Center/LIM43, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,Trav. Ovídio Pires de Campos S/N, prédio do Centro de Medicina Nuclear, 2 andar - LIM43, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo, CEP 05403-010, Brazil.
| | - Carla R Ono
- Department of Radiology/Nuclear Medicine Center/LIM43, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,Trav. Ovídio Pires de Campos S/N, prédio do Centro de Medicina Nuclear, 2 andar - LIM43, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo, CEP 05403-010, Brazil.
| | - Esther A A F Feitosa
- Department of Radiology/Nuclear Medicine Center/LIM43, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,Trav. Ovídio Pires de Campos S/N, prédio do Centro de Medicina Nuclear, 2 andar - LIM43, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo, CEP 05403-010, Brazil.
| | - Lívia Spíndola
- Department of Neurology...Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, 255 CEP 05403-900, Brazil.
| | - Maira O de Oliveira
- Department of Neurology...Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, 255 CEP 05403-900, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia H F do Vale
- Department of Neurology...Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, 255 CEP 05403-900, Brazil.
| | - Helio R Gomes
- Department of Neurology...Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, 255 CEP 05403-900, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Department of Neurology...Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, 255 CEP 05403-900, Brazil.
| | - Sonia M D Brucki
- Department of Neurology...Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, 255 CEP 05403-900, Brazil.
| | - Carlos A Buchpiguel
- Department of Radiology/Nuclear Medicine Center/LIM43, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,Trav. Ovídio Pires de Campos S/N, prédio do Centro de Medicina Nuclear, 2 andar - LIM43, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo, CEP 05403-010, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Are transversal MR images sufficient to distinguish persons with mild cognitive impairment from healthy controls? Acad Radiol 2015; 22:1172-80. [PMID: 26162248 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. This study aims to determine whether current standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is providing markers that can distinguish between subjects with amnestic MCI (aMCI), nonamnestic MCI (naMCI), and healthy controls (HCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS A subset of 126 MCI subjects and 126 age-, gender-, and education-appropriate HCs (mean age, 70.9 years) were recruited from 4157 participants in the longitudinal community-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study. The burden of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), cerebral microbleeds, and brain atrophy was evaluated on transversal MR images from a single 1.5-T MR scanner by two blinded neuroradiologists. Logistic regression and receiver-operating characteristic analysis were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Occipital WMH burden was significantly increased in aMCI, but not in naMCI relative to HCs (P = .01). The combined MCI group showed brain atrophy relative to HCs (P = .01) pronounced at caudate nuclei (P = .01) and temporal horn level (P = .004) of aMCI patients and increased at the frontal and occipital horns of naMCI patients compared to either aMCI or HCs. Microbleeds were equally distributed in the MCI and control group, but more frequent in aMCI (22 of 84) compared to naMCI subjects (3 of 23). CONCLUSIONS In his cohort, increased occipital WMHs and cortical and subcortical brain atrophies at temporal horn and caudate nuclei level distinguished aMCI from naMCI subjects and controls. Volumetric indices appear of interest and should be assessed under reproducible conditions to gain diagnostic accuracy.
Collapse
|
28
|
Li X, Zhang ZJ. Neuropsychological and neuroimaging characteristics of amnestic mild cognitive impairment subtypes: a selective overview. CNS Neurosci Ther 2015; 21:776-83. [PMID: 25809732 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive age-related neurodegenerative disease. Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is considered to represent early AD. Various aMCI clinical subtypes have been identified as either single domain (SD) or multidomain (MD). The various subtypes represent heterogeneous syndrome, indicating the different probability of progression to AD. Understanding the heterogeneous concept of aMCI can help to construct potential biomarkers to monitor the progression of aMCI to AD. This review provides an overview of various neuroimaging measures for subtypes of aMCI. Focusing on neuropsychological, structural, and functional neuroimaging findings, we found that aMCI showed differences in clinical progression and the abnormalities in MD-aMCI were distributed across temporal, frontal, and parietal cortices, which is similar to AD. This is also compatible with the notion that MD-aMCI is a transition stage between SD-aMCI and AD. Our review provided a framework for the diagnosis of clinical subtypes of aMCI and early detection and intervention of the progression from aMCI to AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhan-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lobzin VY. Comprehensive early diagnosis of cognitive impairment. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2015; 115:72-79. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201511511172-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
30
|
Hsiao JJ, Lu PH, Grill JD, Teng E. Longitudinal declines in instrumental activities of daily living in stable and progressive mild cognitive impairment. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2015; 39:12-24. [PMID: 25300404 PMCID: PMC4312538 DOI: 10.1159/000365587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous cross-sectional studies suggest that assessments of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) may be useful for operationalizing the differences in functional deficits seen in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. However, their utility for longitudinal changes in IADLs in the transition between MCI and dementia remains unclear. METHODS We analyzed longitudinal IADL data with the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) in stable (MCI-S; n = 1,318) or progressive (MCI-P; n = 1,108) MCI patients. RESULTS Larger increases in FAQ scores were seen in the MCI-P group across a 14.5-month interval, but overlapping distributions in the two groups yielded poorer discriminatory power than prior cross-sectional reports. CONCLUSION Our findings emphasize the difficulties in operationalizing the criterion of 'essentially intact' IADLs in MCI, which may complicate the interpretation of disease progression in MCI treatment trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia J. Hsiao
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles,Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Po H. Lu
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Joshua D. Grill
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Edmond Teng
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles,Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kehoe EG, McNulty JP, Mullins PG, Bokde ALW. Advances in MRI biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Biomark Med 2014; 8:1151-69. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm.14.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
With the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) predicted to increase substantially over the coming decades, the development of effective biomarkers for the early detection of the disease is paramount. In this short review, the main neuroimaging techniques which have shown potential as biomarkers for AD are introduced, with a focus on MRI. Structural MRI measures of the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe are still the most clinically validated biomarkers for AD, but newer techniques such as functional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging offer great scope in tracking changes in the brain, particularly in functional and structural connectivity, which may precede gray matter atrophy. These new advances in neuroimaging methods require further development and crucially, standardization; however, before they are used as biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Kehoe
- The Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Cognitive Systems Group, Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jonathan P McNulty
- School of Medicine & Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Arun L W Bokde
- The Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Cognitive Systems Group, Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Barekatain M, Zahedian F, Askarpour H, Maracy MR, Hashemi-Jazi M, Aghaye-Ghazvini MR. Coronary artery disease and plasma apolipoprotein E4 in mild cognitive impairment. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2014; 10:244-51. [PMID: 25477981 PMCID: PMC4251478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis and apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) are known risks for Dementia. We sought to evaluate the relationship between coronary atherosclerosis and APOE4 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS In a case-control study, subjects with age more than 60 years and recent coronary angiography were evaluated by mini-mental state examination and neuropsychiatry unit cognitive assessment tool (NUCOG) to find the patients with MCI (n = 40) and the controls with normal cognition (n = 40). Coronary angiography records were re-assessed to find the severity of coronary artery disease by the Gensini scores. Plasma levels of APOE4 were measured. RESULTS There were no-significant difference between the 2 groups regarding the plasma APOE4 levels (P = 0.706) and the Gensini scores (P = 0.236). Associations between the Gensini scores and the NUCOG scores in the MCI group (r = -0.196, P = 0.225) and the control group (r = 0.189, P = 0.243) were not significant. However, the interaction effect between the Gensini and the NUCOG scores based on allocation to the control or the patient groups showed statistically significant difference (F(1,67) = 4.84, P = 0.031). CONCLUSION Although atherosclerosis has been considered as known risk factor for dementia and MCI, this study could not reveal that coronary atherosclerosis-related to declining in cognitive functioning. There was no significant association between plasma APOE4 levels and MCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Barekatain
- Associate Professor, Psychosomatic Research Center AND Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Faezeh Zahedian
- Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hedyeh Askarpour
- Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Maracy
- Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics AND Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi-Jazi
- Associate Professor, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cardiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Barekatain M, Askarpour H, Zahedian F, Walterfang M, Velakoulis D, Maracy MR, Jazi MH. The relationship between regional brain volumes and the extent of coronary artery disease in mild cognitive impairment. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014; 19:739-45. [PMID: 25422659 PMCID: PMC4235094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are conflicting reports regarding the association between coronary artery disease (CAD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Volumetric Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigations have been considered as an objective biomarker for MCI. In this study, we determined the relationship between the regional brain volumes and the extent of CAD in MCI patients and cognitively normal controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a case-control study a subset of MCI patients (n = 20) and cognitively normal controls (n = 20), aged 66.4 ± 4.6 and 65.3 ± 3.9 respectively, from subjects who were recently admitted to cardiac catheterization facilities in two general hospitals were selected. All subjects underwent a clinical interview, biochemical measures, neuropsychological testing and Neuropsychiatry Unit COGnitive assessment tool. Video records of coronary angiography were scored with the Gensini method. For volumetric evaluation of regions of interest, brain MRI scans was processed using the FreeSurfer software package the relationship between the regional brain volumes and the extent of CAD in MCI patients and cognitively normal controls were compared. RESULTS We have found that, there were significant differences between the two groups in volumes of left fusiform (P = 0.039), left pars triangularis (P = 0.003) and left superior temporal gyrus (P = 0.009), after controlling for intracranial volumes. Higher Gensini scores were associated with reduced volumes of total cortical volume (P = 0.047, R = -0.4), left precuneus (P = 0.022, R = -0.5), right inferior parietal lobule (P = 0.011, R = -0.5) and left supra marginal gyrus (P = 0.035, R = -0.04) in MCI. CONCLUSION In MCI, a greater degree of coronary stenosis correlates with greater loss of gray matter in specific brain regions relevant to cognitive function. This, however, was not the case for cognitively normal subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Barekatain
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Majid Barekatain, Psychosomatic Research Center, Nour Hospital, Ostandari Street, Post Code: 81458-31451, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Hedyeh Askarpour
- Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Faezeh Zahedian
- Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mark Walterfang
- Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dennis Velakoulis
- Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mohammad Reza Maracy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi Jazi
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
López ME, Garcés P, Cuesta P, Castellanos NP, Aurtenetxe S, Bajo R, Marcos A, Montenegro M, Yubero R, del Pozo F, Sancho M, Maestú F. Synchronization during an internally directed cognitive state in healthy aging and mild cognitive impairment: a MEG study. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 36:9643. [PMID: 24658709 PMCID: PMC4082567 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-014-9643-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a stage between healthy aging and dementia. It is known that in this condition the connectivity patterns are altered in the resting state and during cognitive tasks, where an extra effort seems to be necessary to overcome cognitive decline. We aimed to determine the functional connectivity pattern required to deal with an internally directed cognitive state (IDICS) in healthy aging and MCI. This task differs from the most commonly employed ones in neurophysiology, since inhibition from external stimuli is needed, allowing the study of this control mechanism. To this end, magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals were acquired from 32 healthy individuals and 38 MCI patients, both in resting state and while performing a subtraction task of two levels of difficulty. Functional connectivity was assessed with phase locking value (PLV) in five frequency bands. Compared to controls, MCIs showed higher PLV values in delta, theta, and gamma bands and an opposite pattern in alpha, beta, and gamma bands in resting state. These changes were associated with poorer neuropsychological performance. During the task, this group exhibited a hypersynchronization in delta, theta, beta, and gamma bands, which was also related to a lower cognitive performance, suggesting an abnormal functioning in this group. Contrary to controls, MCIs presented a lack of synchronization in the alpha band which may denote an inhibition deficit. Additionally, the magnitude of connectivity changes rose with the task difficulty in controls but not in MCIs, in line with the compensation-related utilization of neural circuits hypothesis (CRUNCH) model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia López
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Garcés
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />CEI Campus Moncloa, UCM-UPM, Madrid, Spain
- />Departamento de Física Aplicada III, Facultad de Física, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Cuesta
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nazareth P. Castellanos
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Aurtenetxe
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Bajo
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Mathematics, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Logroño, La Rioja Spain
| | - Alberto Marcos
- />Neurology Department, San Carlos University Hospital, c/Martín Lagos s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Montenegro
- />Memory Decline Prevention Center, Madrid Salud, Ayuntamiento de Madrid, c/ Montesa, 22, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Yubero
- />Geriatric Department, San Carlos University Hospital, c/Martín Lagos s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco del Pozo
- />Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Sancho
- />Departamento de Física Aplicada III, Facultad de Física, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Maestú
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
López ME, Cuesta P, Garcés P, Castellanos PN, Aurtenetxe S, Bajo R, Marcos A, Delgado ML, Montejo P, López-Pantoja JL, Maestú F, Fernandez A. MEG spectral analysis in subtypes of mild cognitive impairment. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 36:9624. [PMID: 24532390 PMCID: PMC4082569 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-014-9624-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been described as an intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia. Previous studies characterized the alterations of brain oscillatory activity at this stage, but little is known about the differences between single and multidomain amnestic MCI patients. In order to study the patterns of oscillatory magnetic activity in amnestic MCI subtypes, a total of 105 subjects underwent an eyes-closed resting-state magnetoencephalographic recording: 36 healthy controls, 33 amnestic single domain MCIs (a-sd-MCI), and 36 amnestic multidomain MCIs (a-md-MCI). Relative power values were calculated and compared among groups. Subsequently, relative power values were correlated with neuropsychological tests scores and hippocampal volumes. Both MCI groups showed an increase in relative power in lower frequency bands (delta and theta frequency ranges) and a decrease in power values in higher frequency bands (alpha and beta frequency ranges), as compared with the control group. More importantly, clear differences emerged from the comparison between the two amnestic MCI subtypes. The a-md-MCI group showed a significant power increase within delta and theta ranges and reduced relative power within alpha and beta ranges. Such pattern correlated with the neuropsychological performance, indicating that the a-md-MCI subtype is associated not only with a "slowing" of the spectrum but also with a poorer cognitive status. These results suggest that a-md-MCI patients are characterized by a brain activity profile that is closer to that observed in Alzheimer disease. Therefore, it might be hypothesized that the likelihood of conversion to dementia would be higher within this subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. E. López
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Cuesta
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Garcés
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />CEI Campus Moncloa, UCM-UPM, Madrid, Spain
| | - P. N. Castellanos
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Aurtenetxe
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Bajo
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Mathematics, UNIR Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja Spain
| | - A. Marcos
- />Neurology Department, San Carlos University Hospital, c/Martín Lagos s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. L. Delgado
- />Seniors Center of the District of Chamartin, Chamartin S/N, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Montejo
- />Memory Decline Prevention Center Madrid Salud, Ayuntamiento de Madrid, c/ Montesa, 22, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. L. López-Pantoja
- />Department of Psychiatry and Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, San Carlos University Hospital, c/Martín Lagos s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Maestú
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Fernandez
- />Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Foley JM, Salat DH, Stricker NH, Zink TA, Grande LJ, McGlinchey RE, Milberg WP, Leritz EC. Interactive effects of apolipoprotein E4 and diabetes risk on later myelinating white matter regions in neurologically healthy older aged adults. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2014; 29:222-35. [PMID: 24381137 PMCID: PMC4356251 DOI: 10.1177/1533317513517045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Possession of the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele and diabetes risk are independently related to reduced white matter (WM) integrity that may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of this study is to examine the interactive effects of APOE4 and diabetes risk on later myelinating WM regions among healthy elderly individuals at risk of AD. A sample of 107 healthy elderly (80 APOE4-/27 APOE4+) individuals underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging/diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Data were prepared using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics, and a priori regions of interest (ROIs) were extracted from T1-based WM parcellations. Regions of interest included later myelinating frontal/temporal/parietal WM regions and control regions measured by fractional anisotropy (FA). There were no APOE group differences in DTI for any ROI. Within the APOE4 group, we found negative relationships between hemoglobin A1c/fasting glucose and APOE4 on FA for all later myelinating WM regions but not for early/middle myelinating control regions. Results also showed APOE4/diabetes risk interactions for WM underlying supramarginal, superior temporal, precuneus, superior parietal, and superior frontal regions. Results suggest interactive effects of APOE4 and diabetes risk on later myelinating WM regions, which supports preclinical detection of AD among this particularly susceptible subgroup.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Foley
- Psychology Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David H. Salat
- Psychology Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikki H. Stricker
- Psychology Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyler A. Zink
- Psychology Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura J. Grande
- Psychology Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Regina E. McGlinchey
- Psychology Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William P. Milberg
- Psychology Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Leritz
- Psychology Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Reinvang I, Espeseth T, Westlye LT. APOE-related biomarker profiles in non-pathological aging and early phases of Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:1322-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
38
|
Teng E, Leone-Friedman J, Lee GJ, Woo S, Apostolova LG, Harrell S, Ringman JM, Lu PH. Similar verbal fluency patterns in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2013; 28:400-10. [PMID: 23752677 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/act039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Disproportionately greater deficits in semantic relative to phonemic verbal fluency are seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and have been attributed to neurodegenerative changes in the temporal lobe. Amnestic (AMN) mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which often represents incipient AD, is also characterized by early temporal lobe neuropathology, but previous comparisons of verbal fluency between AD and AMN MCI have yielded mixed results. We examined semantic and phonemic verbal fluency performance in 399 individuals (78 AD, 138 AMN MCI, 72 non-amnestic MCI, and 111 cognitively normal controls). Similar verbal fluency patterns were seen in AMN MCI and AD; both groups exhibited disproportionately poorer performance on semantic verbal fluency relative to normal controls. However, relative verbal fluency indices performed more poorly than individual semantic or phonemic verbal fluency indices for discriminating AMN MCI or AD participants from normal controls, suggesting that they are unlikely to provide additional utility for predicting progression from MCI to AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edmond Teng
- Neurobehavior Unit, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cholerton B, Baker LD, Trittschuh EH, Crane PK, Larson EB, Arbuckle M, Saucedo HH, McCurry SM, Bowen JD, McCormick WC, Craft S. Insulin and sex interactions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2013; 31:401-10. [PMID: 22571978 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2012-120202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias are likely preceded by a protracted preclinical state. Thus, identification of biomarkers that signal potential points of intervention during this prodromal phase (during which patients are largely able to compensate for their cognitive deficits) is of paramount importance. Insulin is a pancreatic hormone with potent central nervous system effects, and insulin dysregulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of both AD and vascular dementia. The aim of the current study was to determine whether circulating insulin differs as a function of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosis, and whether this relationship is mediated by sex and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. A sample of 549 nondemented participants aged 65 and over from the Adult Changes in Thought community-based cohort underwent cognitive testing and blood draw to determine fasting levels of plasma insulin. Subjects were categorized as having normal cognitive functioning, amnestic MCI, or nonamnestic MCI. Results showed that the relationship between insulin and diagnostic category is moderated by sex, such that men with nonamnestic or amnestic MCI have higher fasting plasma insulin than cognitively normal men, while women with amnestic MCI have lower fasting plasma insulin than cognitively normal women. Exploratory analyses suggest that APOE ε4 genotype may further influence the relationship between sex and insulin. Future research will help determine whether insulin dysregulation results in differential effects on vascular function and AD pathology as a function of sex and/or APOE genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenna Cholerton
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98493, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Roberts RO, Geda YE, Knopman DS, Cha RH, Pankratz VS, Boeve BF, Tangalos EG, Ivnik RJ, Mielke MM, Petersen RC. Cardiac disease associated with increased risk of nonamnestic cognitive impairment: stronger effect on women. JAMA Neurol 2013; 70:374-82. [PMID: 23358884 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of cardiac disease with amnestic and nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI and naMCI, respectively). Nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment, a putative precursor of vascular and other non-Alzheimer dementias, is hypothesized to have a vascular etiology. DESIGN A prospective, population-based, cohort study with a median 4.0 years of follow-up. SETTING Olmsted County, Minnesota. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2719 participants were evaluated at baseline and every 15 months using the Clinical Dementia Rating scale, a neurological evaluation, and neuropsychological testing. A diagnosis of normal cognition, MCI, or dementia was made by consensus. Cardiac disease at baseline was assessed from the participant's medical records. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incident MCI, aMCI, or naMCI. RESULTS Of 1450 participants without MCI or dementia at baseline, 366 developed MCI. Cardiac disease was associated with an increased risk of naMCI (hazard ratio, 1.77 [95% CI, 1.16-2.72]). However, the association varied by sex (P = .02 for interaction). Cardiac disease was associated with an increased risk of naMCI (hazard ratio, 3.07 [95% CI, 1.58-5.99]) for women but not for men (hazard ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.68-1.99]). Cardiac disease was not associated with any type of MCI or with aMCI. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac disease is an independent risk factor for naMCI; within-sex comparisons showed a stronger association for women. Prevention and management of cardiac disease and vascular risk factors may reduce the risk of naMCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosebud O Roberts
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liu J, Yin C, Xia S, Jia L, Guo Y, Zhao Z, Li X, Han Y, Jia J. White matter changes in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment detected by diffusion tensor imaging. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59440. [PMID: 23555673 PMCID: PMC3605411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Compared to normal aging adults, individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) have significantly increased risk for progressing into Alzheimer's disease (AD). Autopsy studies found that most of the brains of aMCI cases showed anatomical features associated with AD pathology. The recent development of non-invasive neuroimaging technique, such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), makes it possible to investigate the microstructures of the cerebral white matter in vivo. We hypothesized that disrupted white matter (WM) integrity existed in aMCI. So we used DTI technique, by measuring fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), to test the brain structures involved in patients with aMCI. DTI scans were collected from 40 patients with aMCI, and 28 normal controls (NC). Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analyses of whole-brain FA and MD images in each individual and group comparisons were carried out. Compared to NC, aMCI patients showed significant FA reduction bilaterally, in the association and projection fibers of frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes, corpus callosum, bilateral corona radiation, right posterior thalamic radiation and right sagittal stratum. aMCI patients also showed significantly increased MD widespreadly in the association and projection fibers of frontal, parietal and temporal lobes, and corpus callosum. Assessment of the WM integrity of the frontal, parietal, temporal lobes, and corpus callosum by using DTI measures may aid early diagnosis of aMCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Neurodegenerative Laboratory of Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, PR China
| | - Changhao Yin
- Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudangjiang, China
| | - Shugao Xia
- Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Departments of Radiology, Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Longfei Jia
- Department of Neurology, Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqin Guo
- Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudangjiang, China
| | - Zhilian Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Departments of Radiology, Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Neurodegenerative Laboratory of Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Neurodegenerative Laboratory of Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Missonnier P, Herrmann FR, Richiardi J, Rodriguez C, Deiber MP, Gold G, Giannakopoulos P. Attention-Related Potentials Allow for a Highly Accurate Discrimination of Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes. NEURODEGENER DIS 2013; 12:59-70. [DOI: 10.1159/000338815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
43
|
DeCarli C. Clinically asymptomatic vascular brain injury: a potent cause of cognitive impairment among older individuals. J Alzheimers Dis 2013; 33 Suppl 1:S417-26. [PMID: 23034523 PMCID: PMC3786369 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2012-129004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular risk factors and stroke are highly prevalent with advancing age, and stroke may be more common than Alzheimer's disease, particularly among older men. While stroke mortality continues to decline, the prevalence of individuals with various vascular risk factors continues to rise and many are undiagnosed or undertreated. Asymptomatic cerebrovascular brain injury that includes asymptomatic brain infarction and white matter hyperintensities as well as accelerated brain atrophy is even more frequent than clinical stroke. Moreover, the impact of cerebrovascular risk factors on brain injury appears to begin in middle life and additively increases the likelihood of later life dementia. This review focuses on the use of neuroimaging and genetics to understand the impact of asymptomatic vascular risk factors on the trajectories of cognitive aging as well as incident cognitive impairment, stroke, and mortality. Results of this review emphasize the need for early detection and treatment of vascular risk factors to improve the cognitive health of our rapidly aging population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles DeCarli
- Alzheimer's Disease Center, Imaging of Dementia and Aging (IDeA) Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, CA 95817, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
This manuscript provides a brief review of current concepts in the mechanisms potentially linking type-2-diabetes (T2D) with cognitive impairment. Existing epidemiologic studies, imaging studies, autopsy studies, and clinical trials provide insights into the mechanisms linking T2D and cognitive impairment. There seems to be little dispute that T2D can cause cerebrovascular disease and thus cause vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Whether T2D can cause late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) remains to be elucidated. Many epidemiologic studies show an association between T2D and cognitive impairment, but the association with VCI seems to be stronger compared to LOAD, suggesting that cerebrovascular disease may be the main mechanism linking T2D and cognitive impairment. Imaging studies show an association between T2D and imaging markers of LOAD, but these observations could still be explained by cerebrovascular mechanisms. Autopsy studies are few and conflicting, with some suggesting a predominantly cerebrovascular mechanism, and others providing support for a neurodegenerative mechanism. Thus far, the evidence from clinical trials is mixed in supporting a causal association between T2D and cognitive impairment, and most clinical trials that can answer this question are yet to be reported or finished. Given the epidemic of T2D in the world, it is important to elucidate whether the association between T2D and cognitive impairment, particularly LOAD, is causal, and if so, what the mechanisms are.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José A Luchsinger
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Li F, Jia XF, Jia J. The Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly individuals in screening mild cognitive impairment with or without functional impairment. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2012; 25:227-32. [PMID: 23172761 DOI: 10.1177/0891988712464822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly individuals (IQCODE) is a reliable, validated informant-based instrument. Most of the studies well support the validity of the IQCODE in dementia screening, but the sensitivity of the rating scale at the early stage during the course of dementia is limited. In this study, we investigate the utility of the IQCODE for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the discriminative power of the IQCODE in patients having MCI with and without functional impairment. The samples included mild Alzheimer disease (AD, N=280), MCI ([N=657], further divided into 2 subgroups: patients with MCI having functional impairment [MCI-fi, N=357] and patients having MCI without functional impairment [MCI-fn, N=300]), and normal cognition (NC, N=274). The IQCODE, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and other neuropsychological tests were administered to all participants. Logistic regression and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic ability of the IQCODE, compared to the MMSE. The optimal cutoff scores of the IQCODE were 3.19 for the MCI (sensitivity/specificity: 0.979/0.714) and MCI-fn (0.900/0.817), 3.25 for the MCI-fi (0.978/0.701), and 3.31 for mild AD (0.893/0.779), while the MMSE was identical, that is 26, for both MCI and its functional normal and functional impaired subgroups (0.892/0.755, 0.867/0.745, and 0.913/0.745, respectively) and 24 for mild AD (0.807/0.836). The discriminating accuracy of the IQCODE was slightly superior to that of the MMSE but did not reach statistical significance. Our study suggests that the IQCODE might be useful in screening for MCI, with hierarchical scores indicating functional normal or impaired.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Han JW, Kim TH, Lee SB, Park JH, Lee JJ, Huh Y, Park JE, Jhoo JH, Lee DY, Kim KW. Predictive validity and diagnostic stability of mild cognitive impairment subtypes. Alzheimers Dement 2012; 8:553-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 07/17/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Han
- Department of NeuropsychiatrySeoul National University Bundang HospitalGyeonggidoKorea
| | - Tae Hui Kim
- Department of NeuropsychiatrySeoul National University Bundang HospitalGyeonggidoKorea
| | - Seok Bum Lee
- Department of PsychiatryDankook University HospitalChungcheongnamdoKorea
| | - Joon Hyuk Park
- Department of NeuropsychiatryJeju National University HospitalJejudoKorea
| | - Jung Jae Lee
- Department of PsychiatryKyungbook National University HospitalDaeguKorea
| | - Yoonseok Huh
- Department of NeuropsychiatrySeoul National University Bundang HospitalGyeonggidoKorea
| | - Jee Eun Park
- Department of NeuropsychiatrySeoul National University Bundang HospitalGyeonggidoKorea
| | - Jin Hyeong Jhoo
- Department of NeuropsychiatryKangwon National University HospitalChuncheonKorea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of PsychiatrySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Ki Woong Kim
- Department of NeuropsychiatrySeoul National University Bundang HospitalGyeonggidoKorea
- Department of PsychiatrySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE : Incidence of falls in people with cognitive impairment with or without a formal diagnosis of dementia is estimated to be twice that of cognitively intact older adults. This study aimed to investigate whether mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with falls in older people. DESIGN : Prospective cohort study. SETTING : Community sample, Sydney Memory and Ageing Study. PARTICIPANTS : A total of 419 nondemented community-dwelling adults, age 70-90 years. MEASUREMENTS : A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery measuring four cognitive domains provided classification being with or without MCI on the basis of objective published criteria. Assessments of medical, physiologic, and psychological measures were also performed. Fallers were defined as people who had at least one injurious fall or at least two noninjurious falls during a 12-month follow-up period. RESULTS : Of the participants, 342 (81.6%) had normal cognitive functioning, 58 (13.8%) had nonamnestic MCI, and 19 (4.5%) had amnestic MCI. People with MCI performed worse than people without MCI in measures of general health and balance. Logistic regression analyses showed that fall risk was significantly greater in people with MCI (odds ratio [OR]: 1.72, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.03-2.89). This association was mainly apparent when the analysis was restricted to those with nonamnestic MCI (OR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.11-3.53), where the relationship was primarily explained by impaired executive functioning (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02-1.59). CONCLUSION : The findings indicate that objectively defined MCI is an independent risk factor for injurious or multiple falls in a representative sample of community-dwelling older people. The presence of nonamnestic MCI, based primarily on executive function, was found to be an important factor in increasing fall risk.
Collapse
|
48
|
He J, Wong VSS, Fletcher E, Maillard P, Lee DY, Iosif AM, Singh B, Martinez O, Roach AE, Lockhart SN, Beckett L, Mungas D, Farias ST, Carmichael O, DeCarli C. The contributions of MRI-based measures of gray matter, white matter hyperintensity, and white matter integrity to late-life cognition. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 33:1797-803. [PMID: 22538073 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE GM volume, WMH volume, and FA are each associated with cognition; however, few studies have detected whether these 3 different types of MR imaging measurements exert independent or additive effects on cognitive performance. To detect their extent of contribution to cognitive performance, we explored the independent and additive contributions of GM atrophy, white matter injury, and white matter integrity to cognition in elderly patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred and 9 elderly patients participated in the study: 97 were CN adults, 65 had MCI, and 47 had dementia. We measured GM on T1-weighted MR imaging, WMH on FLAIR, and FA on DTI, along with psychometrically matched measures of 4 domains of cognitive performance, including semantic memory, episodic memory, executive function, and spatial abilities. RESULTS As expected, patients with dementia performed significantly more poorly in all 4 cognitive domains, whereas patients with MCI performed generally less poorly than dementia patients, though considerable overlap in performance was present across groups. GM, FA, and WMH each differed significantly between diagnostic groups and were associated with cognitive measures. In multivariate models that included all 3 MR imaging measures (GM, WMH, and FA), GM volume was the strongest determinant of cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS These results strongly suggest that MR imaging measures of GM are more closely associated with cognitive function than WM measures across a broad range of cognitive and functional impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J He
- Imaging of Dementia & Aging (IDeA) Laboratory, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, 1544 Newton Ct, Davis, CA 95618, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Shu N, Liang Y, Li H, Zhang J, Li X, Wang L, He Y, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Disrupted topological organization in white matter structural networks in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: relationship to subtype. Radiology 2012; 265:518-27. [PMID: 22984189 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.12112361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the topological alterations of whole-brain white matter structural connectivity in patients with different types of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), including single-domain (SD) and multidomain (MD) aMCI, and to explore the relationship of such connectivity with neuropsychologic performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was approved by the institutional review board of Imaging Center for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant. The present study involved 38 patients with aMCI (SD aMCI, n=18; MD aMCI, n=20) and 36 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. White-matter connectional architecture in each participant was depicted with diffusion-weighted MR imaging and represented in terms of a connectivity matrix by using a deterministic tractography method. Graph theory-based analyses were then performed to characterize brain network properties. RESULTS The global topological organization of white matter networks was significantly disrupted in patients with MD aMCI (P<.01 for all) but not in those with SD aMCI, as compared with control subjects. Connectivity impairment in patients with MD aMCI was found in the temporal, frontal, and parietal cortices (P<.05, corrected). MD aMCI had decreased network efficiency relative to SD aMCI (P=.016), with the most pronounced differences located in the frontal cortex (P<.01 for all). Strong associations between cognitive impairments and disrupted topological features (global, P<.05; regional, P<.002) were identified in patients with aMCI. CONCLUSION The present study suggests early onset disruption of whole-brain white matter connectivity in patients with aMCI, especially in those with the MD subtype, supporting the view that MD aMCI is a more advanced form of disease than is SD aMCI. Moreover, cognitive correlations with topological network properties suggest their potential use as markers to assess the risk of Alzheimer disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai St, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Haller S, Missonnier P, Herrmann FR, Rodriguez C, Deiber MP, Nguyen D, Gold G, Lovblad KO, Giannakopoulos P. Individual classification of mild cognitive impairment subtypes by support vector machine analysis of white matter DTI. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 34:283-91. [PMID: 22976235 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE MCI was recently subdivided into sd-aMCI, sd-fMCI, and md-aMCI. The current investigation aimed to discriminate between MCI subtypes by using DTI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-six prospective participants were included: 18 with sd-aMCI, 13 with sd-fMCI, and 35 with md-aMCI. Statistics included group comparisons using TBSS and individual classification using SVMs. RESULTS The group-level analysis revealed a decrease in FA in md-aMCI versus sd-aMCI in an extensive bilateral, right-dominant network, and a more pronounced reduction of FA in md-aMCI compared with sd-fMCI in right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and inferior longitudinal fasciculus. The comparison between sd-fMCI and sd-aMCI, as well as the analysis of the other diffusion parameters, yielded no significant group differences. The individual-level SVM analysis provided discrimination between the MCI subtypes with accuracies around 97%. The major limitation is the relatively small number of cases of MCI. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that, at the group level, the md-aMCI subgroup has the most pronounced damage in white matter integrity. Individually, SVM analysis of white matter FA provided highly accurate classification of MCI subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Haller
- Service neuro-diagnostique et neuro-interventionnel DISIM, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Rue GabriellePerret-Gentil 4, 1211 Genève 14, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|