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Staudacher M, Hotz JF, Kriz R, Schefberger K, Schneider L, Spettel K, Starzengruber P, Hagemann JB, Leutzendorff A, Burgmann H, Lagler H. Differences in oxazolidinone resistance mechanisms and small colony variants emergence of Staphylococcus aureus induced in an in vitro resistance development model. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2292077. [PMID: 38055244 PMCID: PMC10849000 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2292077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections are associated with a high burden of disease, case fatality rate and healthcare costs. Oxazolidinones such as linezolid and tedizolid are considered potential treatment choices for conditions involving methicillin resistance or penicillin allergies. Additionally, they are being investigated as potential inhibitors of toxins in toxin-mediated diseases. In this study, linezolid and tedizolid were evaluated in an in vitro resistance development model for induction of resistance in S. aureus. Whole genome sequencing was conducted to elucidate resistance mechanisms through the identification of causal mutations. After inducing resistance to both linezolid and tedizolid, several partially novel single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were detected in the rplC gene, which encodes the 50S ribosome protein L3 in S. aureus. These SNVs were found to decrease the binding affinity, potentially serving as the underlying cause for oxazolidinone resistance. Furthermore, in opposite to linezolid we were able to induce phenotypically small colony variants of S. aureus after induction of resistance with tedizolid for the first time in literature. In summary, even if different antibiotic concentrations were required and SNVs were detected, the principal capacity of S. aureus to develop resistance to oxazolidinones seems to differ between linezolid and tedizolid in-vivo but not in vitro. Stepwise induction of resistance seems to be a time and cost-effective tool for assessing resistance evolution. Inducted-resistant strains should be examined and documented for epidemiological reasons, if MICs start to rise or oxazolidinone-resistant S. aureus outbreaks become more frequent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Staudacher
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Angiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Frederic Hotz
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Evangelic Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Kriz
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Schefberger
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Schneider
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kathrin Spettel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Starzengruber
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Amelie Leutzendorff
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz Burgmann
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heimo Lagler
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Cagna DR, Donovan TE, McKee JR, Metz JE, Marzola R, Murphy KG, Troeltzsch M. Annual review of selected scientific literature: A report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2024:S0022-3913(24)00704-2. [PMID: 39489673 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2024] [Accepted: 10/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024]
Abstract
The Scientific Investigation Committee of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry offers this review of select 2023 dental literature to briefly touch on several topics of interest to modern restorative dentistry. Each committee member brings discipline-specific expertize in their subject areas that include (in order of appearance here): prosthodontics; periodontics, alveolar bone, and peri-implant tissues; dental materials and therapeutics; occlusion and temporomandibular disorders; sleep-related breathing disorders; oral medicine, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and oral radiology; and dental caries and cariology. The authors have focused their efforts on presenting information likely to influence the daily dental treatment decisions of the reader with an emphasis on current innovations, new materials and processes, emerging technology, and future trends in dentistry. With the overwhelming volume of literature published daily in dentistry and related disciplines, this review cannot be comprehensive. Instead, its purpose is to inform and update interested readers and provide valuable resource material for those willing to subsequently pursue greater detail on their own. Our intent remains to assist colleagues in navigating the tremendous volume of newly minted information produced annually. Finally, we hope readers find this work helpful in providing evidence-based care to patients seeking healthier and happier lives. (J Prosthet Dent 2024;132:■■■-■■■).
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Cagna
- Professor (adjunct) and Postdoctoral Program Consultant, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tenn.
| | - Terence E Donovan
- Professor, Department of Comprehensive Oral Health, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - James E Metz
- Private practice, Restorative Dentistry, Columbus, Ohio; Assistant Professor (adjunct), Department of Prosthodontics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tenn.; Clinical Professor, Marshall University's Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Department of Dentistry & Oral Surgery, Huntington, WV
| | | | - Kevin G Murphy
- Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Periodontics, University of Maryland College of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD
| | - Matthias Troeltzsch
- Private practice, Oral, Maxillofacial, and Facial Plastic Surgery, Ansbach, Germany; and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Morales Martínez Á. [Penicillin allergy: A label that is not forever]. Semergen 2024; 50:102280. [PMID: 38936101 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2024.102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Self-reported penicillin allergy is highly prevalent. Different studies estimate that 10% of the population is labeled as such. This label, confirmed or suspected, forces us to take precautions and replace the antibiotic treatment of choice (frequently beta-lactams) with other 2nd or 3rd choice alternatives with worse overall results: side effects, resistance, costs, etc. The penicillin allergy label, once placed, remains in the medical record. It is only confirmed in less than 5% of patients, either because it has been placed inappropriately or because over time the sensitivity decreases and may disappear. Penicillin Allergy Decision Rule -PEN-FAST- is a validated and simple clinical prediction rule that estimates the risk of presenting an allergic reaction. Its use, together with algorithms that involve primary care in the study and delabeling of low-risk patients, can change our clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Á Morales Martínez
- Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de salud de Natahoyo, Área Sanitaria V, Gijón, Asturias, España; Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España.
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Adesanya O, Bowler N, Tafuri S, Cruz-Bendezu A, Whalen MJ. Advances in Bowel Preparation and Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Open and Laparoscopic Urologic Surgery. Urol Clin North Am 2024; 51:445-465. [PMID: 39349013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a major source of postoperative complications adversely impacting morbidity and mortality indices in surgical care. The discovery of antibiotics in the mid-20th century, and their ensuing use for preoperative antimicrobial bowel preparation and prophylaxis, drastically reduced the occurrence of SSIs providing a major tool to surgeons of various specialties, including urology. Because, the appropriate use of these antimicrobials is critical for their continued safety and efficacy, an understanding of the recommendations guiding their application is essential for all surgeons. Here, we comprehensively review these recommendations with a focus on open and laparoscopic urologic surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafolajimi Adesanya
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-2101, USA
| | - Nick Bowler
- Department of Urology, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Sean Tafuri
- Department of Urology, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Alanna Cruz-Bendezu
- Department of Urology, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Michael J Whalen
- Department of Urology, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
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Vogrin S, Blumenthal KG, Trubiano JA. Examining the Utility of Penicillin Allergy Clinical Decision Rules: How Low Will You Go? THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024; 12:2994-2995. [PMID: 39515975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vogrin
- Centre for Antibiotic Allergy and Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Kimberly G Blumenthal
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Jason A Trubiano
- Centre for Antibiotic Allergy and Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Hu M, Dong J, Wang H, Huang J, Geng L, Liu M, Tao C, Liu J, Chen X, Ahmed MBM, Zhao W, Sun X, Guo Y. Novel ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor based on broad-spectrum aptamer recognition for simultaneous detection of penicillin antibiotics in milk. Food Chem 2024; 456:139946. [PMID: 38852450 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
To effectively monitor multi-residues of penicillin antibiotics (PENs) in milk, we developed a novel ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor enabling simultaneous detection of PENs. The aptasensor employed a broad-spectrum aptamer as a recognition element, niobium carbide functionalized with methylene blue (Nb2C-MB) as a reference signal generator, and a ferrocene-labeled aptamer (Fc-Apt) as an output signal. Electrodes were modified with Fe-N-C doped carbon nanotubes (Fe-N-C-CNTs) to amplify detection signals further. During detection, Fc-Apt binding to PENs decreased Fc current intensity (IFc) and increased MB current intensity (IMB). The simultaneous detection of PENs was achieved using IMB/IFc as a quantitative signal. Under optimal conditions, a good linear relationship between IMB/IFc and antibiotic concentration was observed, indicating the aptasensor had a robustness. The limits of detection of aptasensor for four penicillin antibiotics and their mixed targets were 0.093-0.191 nM. This work provides a new approach to multi-residue detection of the same class of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Hu
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Jiwei Dong
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Haifang Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jingcheng Huang
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Lingjun Geng
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Mengyue Liu
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Chong Tao
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | | | - Wenping Zhao
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Xia Sun
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China.
| | - Yemin Guo
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China.
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Lendal V, Fransson S, Mosbech H, Boel JB, Kahlhofen N, Blom LH, Poulsen LK, Garvey LH. Clinical Relevance of Specific IgE in Penicillin Allergy Investigation. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39462501 DOI: 10.1159/000541243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with immediate type allergic reactions to penicillins are at risk of anaphylaxis on reexposure. Diagnostic gold standard is drug provocation test (DPT) if allergy is not diagnosed by other means, such as skin testing or in vitro testing with measurement of specific IgE. Specific IgE testing carries low risk for the patient and blood sampling can be performed in primary care, but it is reported to have low sensitivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate if clinical characteristics of patients with suspected allergic reactions to penicillin and elevated specific IgE to penicillins, differed from patients without specific IgE, to identify predictors for elevated specific IgE to penicillins. METHODS Levels of specific IgE to five penicillins (penicillin G, penicillin V, amoxicillin, ampicillin, and penicillin minor determinants) were available for 9,100 patients. Using multiple logistic regression, clinical data from 430 patients in this group who had elevated specific IgE to one or more penicillins were compared to data from 4,094 patients without specific IgE to penicillins, who had undergone DPT with a penicillin. RESULTS In total 5.2% of patients had elevated specific IgE to one or more penicillins. Significantly more patients with elevated specific IgE had a history of immediate type reactions (<2 h) (OR = 4.34, p < 0.001); circulatory symptoms (OR = 1.63, p = 0.03) or angioedema (OR = 1.46, p = 0.005). Also, significantly more patients with elevated specific IgE had been treated with adrenaline (OR = 2.21, p = 0.005), steroids (OR = 1.76, p < 0.001), or antihistamines (OR = 1.83, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION A history of an immediate type reaction requiring treatment, combined with elevated specific IgE to one or more penicillins is suggestive of an IgE mediated penicillin allergy and further allergy investigations may not be needed. Specific IgE to penicillins may be used early in allergy investigation of patients with severe immediate type reactions to penicillins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Lendal
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sara Fransson
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holger Mosbech
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas Bredtoft Boel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Natasha Kahlhofen
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars H Blom
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars K Poulsen
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene H Garvey
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Wang J, Elwood C, Paquette V, Kwan N, Erdle S, Watt M, Van Schalkwyk J, Bone JN, Roberts A, Mak R, Wong T. Reliability and validation of an electronic penicillin allergy risk-assessment tool in a pregnant population. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 20:55. [PMID: 39427173 PMCID: PMC11490178 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-024-00918-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penicillin allergy adversely impacts patient care, yet most cases do not have true allergies. Clinicians require efficient, reliable clinical tools to identify low risk patients who can be safely de-labeled. Our center implemented the FIRSTLINE electronic point-of-care decision support tool to help non-allergist practitioners risk stratify patients with penicillin allergy. We sought to explore the reliability and validity of this tool in relation to allergist assessment and actual patient outcomes. We additionally compared it with two other published stratification tools, JAMA and PENFAST, to assess ability to accurately identify low risk patients appropriate for direct oral challenge. METHODS In this single-center, retrospective, observational study, 181 pregnant females with self-reported penicillin allergy between July 2019 to June 2021 at BC Women's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada were used to assess the reliability and validity of all three tools. Physician-guided history of penicillin use and symptoms were used for scoring. Results and recommendations were compared to actual patient outcomes after clinician decision for direct oral challenge or intradermal tests. We compared the performance of JAMA, PENFAST and FIRSTLINE. RESULTS 181 patients were assessed. 176/181 (97.2%) patients were deemed not allergic. Each risk stratification tool labelled majority of patients as low risk with 88.4% of patients PENFAST 0-2, 60.2% of patients JAMA low risk, 86.7% of patients FIRSTLINE very low risk. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that our point-of-care electronic algorithm is reliable in identifying low risk pregnant patients, as compared to an allergist assessment. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide direct comparison between multiple decision support tools using the same population, minimizing participant bias. Providing clinical algorithms to risk stratify patients, can enable healthcare professionals to safely identify individuals who may be candidates for direct penicillin oral challenges versus needing referral to specialists. This increases the generalizability and efficiency of penicillin allergy de-labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Wang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Chelsea Elwood
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Vanessa Paquette
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Natasha Kwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephanie Erdle
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Melissa Watt
- Women's Health Research Institute, BC Women's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Julie Van Schalkwyk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jeffrey N Bone
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ashley Roberts
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Raymond Mak
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tiffany Wong
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Vaughn VM, Dickson RP, Horowitz JK, Flanders SA. Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Review. JAMA 2024; 332:1282-1295. [PMID: 39283629 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2024.14796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2024]
Abstract
Importance Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) results in approximately 1.4 million emergency department visits, 740 000 hospitalizations, and 41 000 deaths in the US annually. Observations Community-acquired pneumonia can be diagnosed in a patient with 2 or more signs (eg, temperature >38 °C or ≤36 °C; leukocyte count <4000/μL or >10 000/μL) or symptoms (eg, new or increased cough or dyspnea) of pneumonia in conjunction with consistent radiographic findings (eg, air space density) without an alternative explanation. Up to 10% of patients with CAP are hospitalized; of those, up to 1 in 5 require intensive care. Older adults (≥65 years) and those with underlying lung disease, smoking, or immune suppression are at highest risk for CAP and complications of CAP, including sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and death. Only 38% of patients hospitalized with CAP have a pathogen identified. Of those patients, up to 40% have viruses identified as the likely cause of CAP, with Streptococcus pneumoniae identified in approximately 15% of patients with an identified etiology of the pneumonia. All patients with CAP should be tested for COVID-19 and influenza when these viruses are common in the community because their diagnosis may affect treatment (eg, antiviral therapy) and infection prevention strategies. If test results for influenza and COVID-19 are negative or when the pathogens are not likely etiologies, patients can be treated empirically to cover the most likely bacterial pathogens. When selecting empirical antibacterial therapy, clinicians should consider disease severity and evaluate the likelihood of a bacterial infection-or resistant infection-and risk of harm from overuse of antibacterial drugs. Hospitalized patients without risk factors for resistant bacteria can be treated with β-lactam/macrolide combination therapy, such as ceftriaxone combined with azithromycin, for a minimum of 3 days. Systemic corticosteroid administration within 24 hours of development of severe CAP may reduce 28-day mortality. Conclusions Community-acquired pneumonia is common and may result in sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or death. First-line therapy varies by disease severity and etiology. Hospitalized patients with suspected bacterial CAP and without risk factors for resistant bacteria can be treated with β-lactam/macrolide combination therapy, such as ceftriaxone combined with azithromycin, for a minimum of 3 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie M Vaughn
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
- Division of Health System Innovation & Research, Department of Population Health Science, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor
| | - Robert P Dickson
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Weil Institute for Critical Care Research & Innovation, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jennifer K Horowitz
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor
| | - Scott A Flanders
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor
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Abu Esba LC, Al Moaiseib S, BinSabbar NS, Al Mardawi GHS, Alkatheri M, Al Dekhail S. Preventing Overrides of Severe Drug Allergy Alerts Initiative: an Implemented System Upgrade. J Med Syst 2024; 48:95. [PMID: 39377824 PMCID: PMC11461780 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Administering medications to patients with documented drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHR) poses a significant risk for adverse events, ranging from mild reactions to life-threatening incidents. Electronic healthcare systems have revolutionized the modern clinical decision-making process, with built in warnings. However, as these alerts become a routine part of healthcare provider's workflow, alert fatigue becomes a challenge. This study was conducted within the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), a government healthcare system in Saudi Arabia. A taskforce of experts was formed to develop an electronic path that would prevent unintentional overrides of severe drug allergy alerts. The system underwent rigorous testing, and monitoring parameters were established. We outline the implementation of a system upgrade designed to trigger an alternative interruption in the computerized physician order entry (CPOE) process, distinct from the regular allergy pop-up alerts. The alternate path is activated upon a CPOE with a drug-to-drug match and a documented severe drug allergy symptom, necessitating co-signature form another prescriber before proceeding. The adopted upgrade is a proactive approach to enhance medication safety in electronic healthcare systems, ensuring that serious allergy-related warnings are not overridden, ultimately enhancing patient safety. Further monitoring will confirm the safety and effectiveness of this measure. This study provides a model for institutions seeking to prevent allergy-related harm within their patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Carolina Abu Esba
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard, Health Affairs, Joint Appointment Lecturer of Pharmacy Practice, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Samar Al Moaiseib
- Corporate Clinical Information Management System, Information Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Saud BinSabbar
- Saudi Medication Safety Center, MNGHA, P.O.Box 22490, 11426, Mail Code 2339, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Hussain Salamah Al Mardawi
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard, Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mufareh Alkatheri
- Department of Quality Improvement, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz International Medical Research, Center, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz, University of Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al Dekhail
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of NG-HA, KSAU-HS, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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11
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Foong KS, Doron S, Fowle L, Cumming M, Leaf J, Bolstorff B, Brandeburg C, Chen Y, Wurcel A. Documented penicillin allergy and beta-lactam antibiotic use in Massachusetts long-term care facilities: opportunities for penicillin allergy delabeling. ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP & HEALTHCARE EPIDEMIOLOGY : ASHE 2024; 4:e166. [PMID: 39430796 PMCID: PMC11488468 DOI: 10.1017/ash.2024.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024]
Abstract
In a cross-sectional study of 20 Massachusetts long-term care (LTC) facilities, 19% (n = 449) of residents received antibiotics, with approximately one-third having a documented penicillin allergy. This documented allergy decreased the likelihood of prescribing beta-lactam antibiotics for infections. Improved penicillin allergy assessments and delabeling could optimize antibiotic prescribing in LTC settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kap Sum Foong
- Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shira Doron
- Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leslie Fowle
- Division of Epidemiology, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa Cumming
- Division of Epidemiology, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Leaf
- Division of Epidemiology, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Barbara Bolstorff
- Division of Epidemiology, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christina Brandeburg
- Division of Epidemiology, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ye Chen
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alysse Wurcel
- Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Galipean J, Jacob J. Effectiveness and feasibility of a penicillin allergy delabeling program in the postacute inpatient rehabilitation setting. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2024:1-3. [PMID: 39363598 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2024.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Galipean
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Jerry Jacob
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia, USA
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13
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Cruz AJS, Martins MAP, Batista VS, Santos JS, Santos TRD, de Castilho LS, Sohn W, Abreu MHNG. Rising trend of dentist-prescribed antibiotics in Brazil: 2011-2021. J Public Health Dent 2024. [PMID: 39364574 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the trends in antibiotic prescribing by dental practitioners and to investigate the relationship between these trends and some factors of public oral health services in Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil. METHODS This was a time-series analysis of antibiotics prescribed by dental practitioners between January 2011 and December 2021. The outcome variables were number of defined daily doses (DDD) and DDD/1000 population/year in a sample of cities in MG. Covariates were public oral healthcare factors, such as coverage, estimates of dental procedures, and frequency of dental pain. Linear time-series regression models were used to examine trends and the influence of covariates on antibiotic prescribing. RESULTS Overall, the number of prescriptions increased by 334.69% between 2011 and 2021, with amoxicillin being the most commonly prescribed drug (78.53%). The number of DDD for all antibiotics increased from 17,147.13 to 77,346.67 and the average DDD/1000 inhabitants/year was 126.66 (SD: 130.28). The linear time-series regression model showed that for each one-year increase, the average log DDD/1000 inhabitants increased by 0.35 (standard error = 0.07, p < 0.001). No covariates were found to be associated with the outcome. CONCLUSIONS In Minas Gerais, Brazil, a significant upward trend was observed in the number of prescriptions and the number of DDD of antibiotics prescribed by dental practitioners. No influence of factors related to public oral healthcare services on the outcome was observed, thereby emphasizing the need for further research on factors influencing medication use in dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Junio Silva Cruz
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Victor Santos Batista
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Silva Santos
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thiago Rezende Dos Santos
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lia Silva de Castilho
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Woosung Sohn
- Department of Population Oral Health, School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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14
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Ahmed S, Fielding J, Porter CE, Armitage KF, Wanat M, Bates C, Engonidou L, West RM, Yu LM, Galal U, Howard P, Butler CC, Savic S, Boards J, Tonkin-Crine S, Parry J, Pavitt SA, Sandoe JT. Utilising primary care electronic health records to deliver the ALABAMA randomised controlled trial of penicillin allergy assessment. Trials 2024; 25:653. [PMID: 39363246 PMCID: PMC11450982 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of electronic health records (EHR) to provide real-world data for research is established, but using EHR to deliver randomised controlled trials (RCTs) more efficiently is less developed. The Allergy AntiBiotics And Microbial resistAnce (ALABAMA) RCT evaluated a penicillin allergy assessment pathway versus usual clinical care in a UK primary care setting. The aim of this paper is to describe how EHRs were used to facilitate efficient delivery of a large-scale randomised trial of a complex intervention embracing efficient participant identification, supporting minimising GP workload, providing accurate post-intervention EHR updates of allergy status, and facilitating participant follow up and outcome data collection. The generalisability of the EHR approach and health economic implications of EHR in clinical trials will be reported in the main ALABAMA trial cost-effectiveness analysis. METHODS A descriptive account of the adaptation of functionality within SystmOne used to deliver/facilitate multiple trial processes from participant identification to outcome data collection. RESULTS An ALABAMA organisation group within SystmOne was established which allowed sharing of trial functions/materials developed centrally by the research team. The 'ALABAMA unit' within SystmOne was also created and provided a secure efficient environment to access participants' EHR data. Processes of referring consented participants, allocating them to a trial arm, and assigning specific functions to the intervention arm were developed by adapting tools such as templates, reports, and protocols which were already available in SystmOne as well as pathways to facilitate allergy de-labelling processes and data retrieval for trial outcome analysis. CONCLUSIONS ALABAMA is one of the first RCTs to utilise SystmOne EHR functionality and data across the RCT delivery, demonstrating feasibility and applicability to other primary care RCTs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04108637, registered 05/03/2019. ISRCTN: ISRCTN20579216.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadia Ahmed
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
- Department of Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | - Joanne Fielding
- Dental Translational and Clinical Research Unit, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Catherine E Porter
- Dental Translational and Clinical Research Unit, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Kelsey F Armitage
- The Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marta Wanat
- The Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Lazarina Engonidou
- The Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robert M West
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ly-Mee Yu
- The Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ushma Galal
- The Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Philip Howard
- North-East Yorkshire, NHS England, Newcastle, UK
- School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Christopher C Butler
- The Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sinisa Savic
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jenny Boards
- SMILE AIDER PPI Group, Leeds Clinical Research Facility, The Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah Tonkin-Crine
- The Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Sue A Pavitt
- Dental Translational and Clinical Research Unit, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jonathan T Sandoe
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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15
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Manlapaz M, Farag E. Breaking the stigma: Safe use of Cefazolin in perioperative patients with penicillin allergy label. J Clin Anesth 2024; 97:111541. [PMID: 38944593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2024.111541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariel Manlapaz
- Department of Multispecialty Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44124, United States of America.
| | - Ehab Farag
- Department of Multispecialty Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44124, United States of America
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16
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Dutra KJ, Lazenby GB, Goje O, Soper DE. Cefazolin as the mainstay for antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with a penicillin allergy in obstetrics and gynecology. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 231:430-436. [PMID: 38527607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Cefazolin is the most common antibiotic used for prophylaxis in obstetrics and gynecology. Among those with a penicillin allergy, alternative antibiotics are often chosen for prophylaxis, given fears of cross-reactivity between penicillin and cefazolin. Alternative antibiotics in this setting are associated with adverse sequelae, including surgical site infection, induction of bacterial resistance, higher costs to the healthcare system, and possible Clostridium difficile infection. Given the difference in R1 side chains between penicillin and cefazolin, cefazolin use is safe and should be recommended for patients with a penicillin allergy, including those who experience Immunoglobulin E-mediated reactions such as anaphylaxis. Cefazolin should only be avoided in those who experience a history of a severe, life-threatening delayed hypersensitivity reaction manifested as severe cutaneous adverse reactions (Steven-Johnson Syndrome), hepatitis, nephritis, serum sickness, and hemolytic anemia in response to penicillin administration. In addition, >90% of those with a documented penicillin allergy do not have true allergies on skin testing. Increased referral for penicillin allergy testing should be incorporated into routine obstetric care and preoperative assessment to reduce suboptimal antibiotic prophylaxis use. More education is needed among providers surrounding penicillin allergy assessment and cross-reactivity among penicillins and cephalosporins to optimize antibiotic prophylaxis in obstetrics and gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karley J Dutra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
| | - Gweneth B Lazenby
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Oluwatosin Goje
- Department of Subspecialties, Obstetrics and Gynecology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - David E Soper
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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17
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Sobrino-García M, Muñoz-Bellido FJ, Moreno-Rodilla E, Martín-Muñoz R, García-Iglesias A, Dávila I. Delabeling of allergy to beta-lactam antibiotics in hospitalized patients: a prospective study evaluating cost savings. Int J Clin Pharm 2024; 46:1067-1075. [PMID: 38642250 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-024-01737-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with a penicillin allergy label are at risk of an associated increase in adverse antibiotic events and hospitalization costs. AIM We aimed to study the economic savings derived from the correct diagnosis and delabeling inpatients with suspected beta-lactam allergy, considering the acquisition cost of antimicrobials prescribed during a patient's hospital stay. METHOD We prospectively evaluated patients admitted to the University Hospital of Salamanca who had been labeled as allergic to beta-lactams and performed a delabeling study. Subsequently, cost differences between antibiotics administered before and after the allergy study and those derived from those patients who received alternative antibiotics during admission and those who switched to beta-lactams after the allergy study were calculated. RESULTS One hundred seventy-seven inpatients labeled as allergic to beta-lactams underwent a delabeling study; 34 (19.2%) were confirmed to have allergy to beta-lactams. Of the total number of patients, 136 (76.8%) received antibiotics during their hospitalization, involving a mean (SD) cost of €203.07 (318.42) and a median (IQR) cost of €88.97 (48.86-233.56). After delabeling in 85 (62.5%) patients, the antibiotic treatment was changed to beta-lactams. In this group of patients, the mean cost (SD) decreased from €188.91 (351.09) before the change to 91.31 (136.07) afterward, and the median cost (IQR) decreased from €72.92 (45.82-211.99) to €19.24 (11.66-168). The reduction was significant compared to the median cost of patients whose treatment was not changed to beta-lactams (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Delabeling hospitalized patients represents a cost-saving measure for treating patients labeled as allergic to beta-lactams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sobrino-García
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain
| | - Francisco J Muñoz-Bellido
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain.
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain.
- Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
- Servicio de Alergología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Paseo de La Transición Española, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Esther Moreno-Rodilla
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain
- Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
| | - Rita Martín-Muñoz
- Hospital Pharmacy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain
| | - Aránzazu García-Iglesias
- Admission and Clinical Documentation Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain
| | - Ignacio Dávila
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain
- Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
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18
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Metsä-Simola N, Saarenketo J, Lehtonen H, Broman N, Häggblom T, Björklöf P, Sariola S, Valta MP. Guidelines to practice in hospitals at home: safe and effective continuous infusion pumps substantially increased penicillin use in erysipelas treatment. Eur J Public Health 2024; 34:860-865. [PMID: 38996407 PMCID: PMC11430903 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hospitals at home are increasingly offering outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) in an attempt to reduce costly inpatient care, but these settings favour broad-spectrum antibiotics that require less frequent dosing than penicillin. Benzyl penicillin could be delivered via continuous infusion pumps (eCIPs), but studies on their safety and efficacy in OPAT are scarce, and it remains unclear how much the availability of eCIPs increases penicillin use in real-life settings. We examined 462 electronic healthcare records of erysipelas patients treated between January 2018 and January 2022 in a large Finnish OPAT clinic. Average marginal effects from logistic models were estimated to assess how the introduction of eCIPs in December 2020 affected penicillin use and to compare clinical outcomes between patients with and without eCIPs. Introduction of eCIPs increased the predicted probability of penicillin treatment by 36.0 percentage points (95% confidence interval 25.5-46.5). During eCIP implementation, patients who received an eCIP had 73.1 (58.0-88.2) percentage points higher probability than patients without an eCIP to receive penicillin treatment. They also had about 20 percentage points higher probability to be cured at the time of discharge and 3 months after it. Patient and nurse satisfaction regarding eCIPs was very high. Benzyl penicillin eCIP treatment is effective and safe, and substantially increases the use of penicillin instead of broad-spectrum antibiotics. To reduce the risk of antimicrobial resistance, eCIPs could increasingly be promoted for use in OPAT clinics, and there should be adequate education and support in their implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Metsä-Simola
- Helsinki Institute for Demography and Population Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Max Planck, University of Helsinki Center for Social Inequalities in Population Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Saarenketo
- Turku City Hospital OPAT Clinic, The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku, Finland
| | - Henri Lehtonen
- Turku City Hospital OPAT Clinic, The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Niklas Broman
- Turku City Hospital OPAT Clinic, The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tony Häggblom
- Turku City Hospital Department of Infectious Diseases, The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku, Finland
| | - Pia Björklöf
- Turku City Hospital OPAT Clinic, The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku, Finland
| | - Salla Sariola
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija P Valta
- Turku City Hospital OPAT Clinic, The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Turku University Hospital, The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku, Finland
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19
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Belmont AP, Stone CA, Guyer AC, Edelman EJ, Trubiano JA. A call to address penicillin allergy labels in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplants: How to avoid rash decisions. Transpl Infect Dis 2024; 26:e14350. [PMID: 39101669 PMCID: PMC11502247 DOI: 10.1111/tid.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Among patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplants, infections, particularly multidrug-resistant infections, pose a grave threat. In this setting, penicillin allergy labels are both common and harmful. Though the majority of patients who report penicillin allergy can actually tolerate penicillin, penicillin allergy labels are associated with use of alternative antibiotics, which are often more broad spectrum, less effective, and more toxic. In turn, they are associated with more severe infections, multidrug-resistant infections, Clostridium difficile, and increased mortality. Evaluating penicillin allergy labels can immediately expand access to preferred therapeutic options, which are critical to care in patients with recent hematopoietic stem cell transplants. Point-of-care assessment and clinical decision tools now exist to aid the nonallergist in assessment of penicillin allergy. This can aid in expanding use of other beta-lactam antibiotics and assist in risk-stratifying patients to determine a testing strategy. In patients with low-risk reaction histories, direct oral challenges can be employed to efficiently delabel patients across clinical care settings. We advocate for multidisciplinary efforts to evaluate patients with penicillin allergy labels prior to transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami P Belmont
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Cosby A Stone
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Autumn C Guyer
- Allergy and Immunology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - E Jennifer Edelman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jason A Trubiano
- Centre for Antibiotic Allergy and Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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20
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Park K, Schwartz DJ. Empowering Pediatricians With Direct Penicillin Challenges: A Promising Delabeling Strategy. Mil Med 2024:usae347. [PMID: 39340332 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usae347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current literature supports a multidisciplinary approach to penicillin allergy delabeling. Our study aims to review the success rate of penicillin challenges performed at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Allergy Clinic and assess the reaction rate associated with a direct oral challenge in low-risk patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of the outcomes of pediatric penicillin challenges at the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Allergy and Immunology clinic from June 2019 to May 2023. A total of 74 challenges were included in this study. Patients were initially screened to assess the date of reaction, nature of reaction, if the reaction was life-threatening, and if the patient was hospitalized or sought emergency medical care for the reported reaction. After completion of the screening questionnaire, a direct graded challenge was performed (without skin testing) if a patient's history was deemed low risk. Patients with a recent reaction or a history of multiple drug allergies were more likely to be directed to skin prick testing and intra-dermal testing with Pre-pen and Penicillin-G prior to challenge. RESULTS All patients passed all challenges. Thus, there was a 100% pass rate for both direct challenges and skin test with oral challenges. CONCLUSION Given the low rate of adverse events in this study, expansion of penicillin delabeling in the primary care setting should be considered in patients deemed to be at low risk. It is important for allergists to empower and educate their peers and push forward a movement to create a multidisciplinary approach to penicillin delabeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Park
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - David J Schwartz
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
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21
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Huang R, Zhou C, Zhan L, Liu Y, Liu X, Du Q, Wang J, Zhao W, Song G, Wu LA, Jiang B, Li Y, Zhang H, Zou J. Experts consensus on management of tooth luxation and avulsion. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:57. [PMID: 39327418 PMCID: PMC11427573 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-024-00321-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) of teeth occur frequently in children and adolescents. TDIs that impact the periodontal tissues and alveolar tissue can be classified into concussion, subluxation, extrusive luxation, intrusive luxation, lateral luxation, and avulsion. In these TDIs, management of injured soft tissue, mainly periodontal ligament, and dental pulp, is crucial in maintaining the function and longevity of the injured teeth. Factors that need to be considered for management in laxation injuries include the maturation stage of the traumatic teeth, mobility, direction of displacement, distance of displacement, and whether there are alveolar fractures. In avulsion, the maturation stage of the permanent tooth, the out-socket time, storage media/condition of the avulsed tooth, and management of the PDL should also be considered. Especially, in this review, we have subdivided the immature tooth into the adolescent tooth (Nolla stage 9) and the very young tooth (Nolla stage 8 and below). This consensus paper aimed to discuss the impacts of those factors on the trauma management and prognosis of TDI to provide a streamlined guide for clinicians from clinical evaluation, diagnostic process, management plan decision, follow-up, and orthodontic treatment for tooth luxation and avulsion injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Preventative & Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Emergency, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Du
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangtai Song
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-An Wu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Beizhan Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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22
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Duarte G, Melli PPDS, Miranda AE, Milanez HMBPM, Menezes ML, Travassos AG, Kreitchmann R. Syphilis and pregnancy. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GINECOLOGIA E OBSTETRÍCIA 2024; 46:e-FPS09. [PMID: 39380581 PMCID: PMC11460428 DOI: 10.61622/rbgo/2024fps09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
•Although congenital syphilis has a known etiological agent, accessible diagnosis and low-cost, effective treatment with low fetal toxicity, it continues to challenge obstetric and antenatal care services. •The increasing rates of syphilis in the general population have direct repercussions on the increase in cases of congenital syphilis, a situation of objective interest for public health. •Although transforming the recording of syphilis and congenital syphilis into notifiable diseases improved the records and has made it possible to measure the occurrence of these diseases and create solutions, no effects on reducing their frequency have been reached yet. •The failure to control syphilis/congenital syphilis is multifactorial, and associates variables that range from the deficiency in teaching about these diseases in schools and in the training system of the various health professional segments, as well as the lack of rigid policies for quality control from antenatal care until the clinical follow-up of children exposed to Treponema pallidum during pregnancy. •To date, benzathine penicillin is the only antimicrobial accepted as effective by the main health authorities on the planet for the treatment of syphilis in pregnant women. •The fear of anaphylaxis in response to the treatment of syphilis with benzathine penicillin is an important factor hindering the prompt and correct treatment of pregnant women with syphilis, even though health authorities have made efforts to face the problem with solid arguments, still insufficient to resolve the question. •Although specific protocols are published, the failure to control the treatment of syphilis in pregnant women is still observed with high frequency, indicating and reinforcing a failure in the quality control of these care principles. The National Specialized Commission on Infectious Diseases of the Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Associations (Febrasgo) endorses this document. Content production is based on scientific evidence on the proposed topic and the results presented contribute to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldo Duarte
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão PretoSP Brazil Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Pereira Dos Santos Melli
- Hospital das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão PretoSP Brazil Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Angélica Espinosa Miranda
- Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo VitóriaES Brazil Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Helaine Maria Besteti Pires Mayer Milanez
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Universidade Estadual de Campinas CampinasSP Brazil Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Menezes
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Universidade de Pernambuco RecifePE Brazil Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ana Gabriela Travassos
- Faculdade de Medicina Universidade do Estado da Bahia SalvadorBA Brazil Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Regis Kreitchmann
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre Porto AlegreRS Brazil Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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23
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Holland AM, Lorenz WR, Ricker AB, Mead BS, Scarola GT, Davis BR, Kasten KR, Kercher KW, Jaffa R, Davidson LE, Boger MS, Augenstein VA, Heniford BT. Implementation of a penicillin allergy protocol in open abdominal wall reconstruction: Preoperative optimization program. Surgery 2024:S0039-6060(24)00649-4. [PMID: 39304443 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2024.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Beta-lactam prophylaxis is the first-line preoperative antibiotic in open abdominal wall reconstruction. However, of the 11% patients reporting a penicillin allergy (PA), most receive second-line, non-β-lactam prophylaxis. Previously, abdominal wall reconstruction research from our institution demonstrated increased wound complications, readmissions, and reoperations with non-β-lactam prophylaxis. Therefore, a collaborative quality improvement initiative was developed with the infectious disease service, and a penicillin allergy protocol was instituted that stratified patients' risk of allergic reaction with a goal to increase β-lactam prophylaxis use. The effect of the penicillin allergy protocol on open abdominal wall reconstruction outcomes was prospectively evaluated. METHODS Patients with penicillin allergy undergoing open abdominal wall reconstruction were identified and grouped according to penicillin allergy protocol implementation. Pre-penicillin allergy protocol underwent open abdominal wall reconstruction before January 1, 2020, predominantly receiving non-β-lactam prophylaxis; post-penicillin allergy protocol underwent open abdominal wall reconstruction between January 1, 2020-November 1, 2023, predominantly receiving β-lactam prophylaxis. Incidence of surgical site infection was the primary outcome. Standard and inferential statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS Of 315 patients with penicillin allergy, 250 underwent open abdominal wall reconstruction pre-penicillin allergy protocol and 65 post-penicillin allergy protocol. Pre- and post-penicillin allergy protocol were similar in allergic reaction severity history, sex, race, age, diabetes, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, hernia defect size, and mesh type (P > .05). Post-penicillin allergy protocol had lower body mass index (33.4 ± 7.9 vs 29.8 ± 5.3 kg/m2; P = .002) and fewer active smokers (12.4% vs 1.5%; P = .019). Expectedly, post-penicillin allergy protocol received more β-lactam prophylaxis (22.8% vs 83.1%; P < .001) and no antibiotic-induced allergic reactions. Post-penicillin allergy protocol had significantly fewer surgical site infections (24.4% vs 3.1%; P < .001), wound breakdown (16.0% vs 3.1%; P = .004), reoperations (19.2% vs 0.0%; P < .001), and readmissions (25.3% vs 9.2%; P = .006) but no statistically significant reduction in recurrence (8.4% vs 1.5%; P = .057). CONCLUSIONS The penicillin allergy protocol safely increased the number of patients with penicillin allergy undergoing open abdominal wall reconstruction receiving β-lactam prophylaxis and decreased the rate of surgical site infections, wound complications, reoperations, and readmissions. These data supported the systemwide implementation of the penicillin allergy protocol for both general and orthopedic surgery, which has been incorporated into the electronic medical record of 13 hospitals within the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis M Holland
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - William R Lorenz
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - Ansley B Ricker
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - Brittany S Mead
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - Gregory T Scarola
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - Bradley R Davis
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - Kevin R Kasten
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - Kent W Kercher
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - Rupal Jaffa
- Department of Pharmacy, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - Lisa E Davidson
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - Michael S Boger
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - Vedra A Augenstein
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - B Todd Heniford
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC.
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24
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Jani YH, Williams I, McErlean M, Bhogal R, Ng BY, Kildonaviciute K, Balaji A, Daniels R, Dunsmure L, Hullur C, Jones N, Misbah S, Pollard R, Powell N, Sandoe JAT, Thomas C, Warner A, West RM, Savic L, Thirumala Krishna M. Factors influencing implementation and adoption of direct oral penicillin challenge for allergy delabelling: a qualitative evaluation. BMJ Open Qual 2024; 13:e002890. [PMID: 39244224 PMCID: PMC11381692 DOI: 10.1136/bmjoq-2024-002890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 95% of penicillin allergy labels are inaccurate and may be addressed in low-risk patients using direct oral penicillin challenge (DPC). This study explored the behaviour, attitudes and acceptability of patients, healthcare professionals (HCPs) and managers of using DPC in low-risk patients. METHODS Mixed-method, investigation involving patient interviews and staff focus groups at three NHS acute hospitals. Transcripts were coded using inductive and deductive thematic analysis informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework. FINDINGS Analysis of 43 patient interviews and three focus groups (28 HCPs: clinicians and managers) highlighted themes of 'knowledge', 'beliefs about capabilities and consequences', 'environmental context', 'resources', 'social influences', 'professional role and identity', 'behavioural regulation and reinforcement' and a cross-cutting theme of digital systems. Overall, study participants supported the DPC intervention. Patients expressed reassurance about being in a monitored, hospital setting. HCPs acknowledged the need for robust governance structures for ensuring clarity of roles and responsibilities and confidence. CONCLUSION There were high levels of acceptability among patients and HCPs. HCPs recognised the importance of DPC. Complexities of penicillin allergy (de)labelling were highlighted, and issues of knowledge, risk, governance and workforce were identified as key determinants. These should be considered in future planning and adoption strategies for DPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogini H Jani
- Centre for Medicines Optimisation Resaerch and Education, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Iestyn Williams
- Health Services Management Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mairead McErlean
- Centre for Medicines Optimisation Resaerch and Education, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Rashmeet Bhogal
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bee Yean Ng
- Department of Pharmacy, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Ariyur Balaji
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Louise Dunsmure
- Department of Pharmacy, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Chidanand Hullur
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nicola Jones
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Siraj Misbah
- Immunology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Rachel Pollard
- Department of Anaesthesia, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Neil Powell
- Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust Pharmacy Department, Truro, UK
| | | | | | | | - Robert M West
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Louise Savic
- Department of Anaesthesia, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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25
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Augustino A, Alvarez KS, Kassem L, Roy L, Termulo C, Smartt J, Sparks M, Mercadel C, Chow TG. Patient Perceptions of Penicillin Allergy Testing in a Public Health System. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024:S2213-2198(24)00834-1. [PMID: 39182907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Documented penicillin allergies are associated with increased morbidity, increased hospital stay, and an increase in resistant infections. Penicillin allergy evaluations using a direct oral challenge with or without skin testing has been recommended as a delabeling strategy for patients with penicillin reaction histories. Barriers for achieving equitable access, however, exist. Understanding patient perceptions regarding their penicillin allergy across diverse populations is crucial to mitigate potential obstacles to penicillin allergy testing (PAT) and the use of penicillin-like antibiotics after delabeling. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to gather perceptions of patients delabeled of their penicillin allergy after testing through a PAT program. METHODS Patients who underwent PAT and had a subsequent allergy removal due to a negative result were interviewed using closed and open-ended questions. RESULTS A total of 100 patient interviews were completed. Awareness of the risks associated with unnecessary penicillin avoidance and PAT was low. Initial concerns regarding PAT were common but were frequently alleviated with targeted education. Most patients undergoing testing reported a positive experience and would recommend PAT to others. A minority of patients continued to have discordant perceptions regarding their penicillin allergy label with mistrust in the negative result being a critical theme identified. CONCLUSIONS Future interventions increasing the awareness of penicillin allergy labels and the risks and benefits of PAT in the general population are needed and must consider health literacy levels, languages, and cultural contexts. Measures to offer PAT within a clinical setting that has built high levels of patient trust will likely achieve the greatest long-term success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristin S Alvarez
- Center of Innovation and Value at Parkland, Parkland Health, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Lonnie Roy
- Office of Research Administration, Parkland Health, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Jillian Smartt
- Center of Innovation and Value at Parkland, Parkland Health, Dallas, Texas
| | - Madeline Sparks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Candice Mercadel
- Center of Innovation and Value at Parkland, Parkland Health, Dallas, Texas
| | - Timothy G Chow
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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26
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Cho KH. Molecular Targets in Streptococcus pyogenes for the Development of Anti-Virulence Agents. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1166. [PMID: 39336757 PMCID: PMC11430994 DOI: 10.3390/genes15091166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes, commonly known as Group A Streptococcus (GAS), is a significant human pathogen responsible for a wide range of diseases, from mild pharyngitis to severe conditions such as necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome. The increasing antibiotic resistance, especially against macrolide antibiotics, poses a challenge to the effective treatment of these infections. This paper reviews the current state and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in S. pyogenes. Furthermore, molecular targets for developing anti-virulence agents, which aim to attenuate virulence rather than killing it outright, are explored. This review specifically focuses on virulence regulators, proteins that coordinate the expression of multiple virulence factors in response to environmental signals, playing a crucial role in the pathogen's ability to cause disease. Key regulatory systems, such as RopB, Mga, CovRS, and the c-di-AMP signaling system, are discussed for their roles in modulating virulence gene expression. Additionally, potential molecular target sites for the development of anti-virulence agents are suggested. By concentrating on these regulatory pathways, it is proposed that anti-virulence strategies could enhance the effectiveness of existing antibiotics and reduce the selective pressure that drives the development of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Hong Cho
- Department of Biology, Indiana State University, 600 Chestnut St. S224, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
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27
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Nguyen NT, Pennello GA. DxGoals: A Software Tool for Determining and Analyzing Clinically Meaningful Classification Accuracy Goals for Diagnostic Tests. J Appl Lab Med 2024; 9:952-962. [PMID: 39225456 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfae054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate diagnostic tests for low prevalence conditions, classification accuracy metrics such as sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) are advantageous because they are prevalence-independent and thus estimable in studies enriched for the condition. However, classification accuracy goals are often chosen without a clear understanding of whether they are clinically meaningful. Pennello (2021) proposed a risk stratification framework for determining classification accuracy goals. A software application is needed to determine the goals and provide data analysis. METHODS We introduce DxGoals, a freely available, R-Shiny software application for determining, visualizing, and analyzing classification accuracy goals for diagnostic tests. Given prevalence p for the target condition and specification that a test's positive and negative predictive values PPVand NPV=1-cNPV should satisfy PPV>PPV* and cNPV RESULTS We illustrate DxGoals on tests for penicillin allergy, ovarian cancer, and cervical cancer. The inputs cNPV*,p, and PPV* were informed by clinical management guidelines. CONCLUSIONS DxGoals facilitates determination, visualization, and analysis of clinically meaningful standalone and comparative classification accuracy goals. It is a potentially useful tool for diagnostic test evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Ty Nguyen
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Gene A Pennello
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, MD, United States
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28
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Afsari M, White A, Adhikari EH. Group B Streptococcus and Intraamniotic Inflammation and Infection. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2024; 67:576-588. [PMID: 39061126 DOI: 10.1097/grf.0000000000000884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Intraamniotic inflammation and infection complicate 2% to 5% of term deliveries. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a common cause of intraamniotic infection associated with invasive neonatal disease and maternal morbidity. Universal vaginal-rectal screening for GBS colonization is recommended between 36 and 37 weeks. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended for individuals with positive GBS screens and other risk factors. Intravenous penicillin is the preferred antimicrobial agent. Individuals with penicillin allergies may receive cefazolin for low-risk allergies and either clindamycin or vancomycin for high-risk allergies, depending on their antimicrobial susceptibilities. Clinical trials are underway to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of maternal anti-GBS vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macy Afsari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | - Alesha White
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Parkland Health, Dallas, Texas
| | - Emily H Adhikari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Parkland Health, Dallas, Texas
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29
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Kilic P, Karabudak S, Cosar B, Savran BN, Yalcin M. Residual protein analysis by SDS-PAGE in clinically manufactured BM-MSC products. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:1606-1617. [PMID: 38687192 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Residual substances that are considered hazardous to the recipient must be removed from final cellular therapeutic products manufactured for clinical purposes. In doing so, quality rules determined by competent authorities (CAs) for the clinical use of tissue- and cell-based products can be met. In our study, we carried out residual substance analyses, and purity determination studies of trypsin and trypsin inhibitor in clinically manufactured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cell products, using the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method. Despite being a semiquantitative method, SDS-PAGE has several benefits over other methods for protein analysis, such as simplicity, convenience of use, and affordability. Due to its convenience and adaptability, SDS-PAGE is still a commonly used method in many laboratories, despite its limits in dynamic range and quantitative precision. Our goal in this work was to show that SDS-PAGE may be used effectively for protein measurement, especially where practicality and affordability are the major factors. The results of our study suggest a validated method to guide tissue and cell manufacturing sites for making use of an agreeable, accessible, and cost-effective method for residual substance analyses in clinically manufactured cellular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Kilic
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- HücreCELL® Biotechnology Development and Commerce, Inc., Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sema Karabudak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
- Central Research Laboratory Research and Application Center, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Begum Cosar
- HücreCELL® Biotechnology Development and Commerce, Inc., Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Science, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Busra Nigar Savran
- HücreCELL® Biotechnology Development and Commerce, Inc., Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Biology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Yalcin
- School of Pharmacy English Program, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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30
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Foong KS, Fowle L, Doron S, Cumming M, Leaf J, Bolstorff B, Brandeburg C, Chen Y, Wurcel A. Antibiotic allergy prevalence and documentation quality in Massachusetts long-term care facilities: A cross-sectional survey. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 133:335-340.e1. [PMID: 38897407 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2024.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant global health challenge, particularly affecting older adults who are more susceptible to infections and their complications. Accurate diagnosis and documentation of antibiotic allergies are essential for effective antimicrobial stewardship. Despite the recognized overdiagnosis of antibiotic allergies, comprehensive studies on this subject in long-term care (LTC) settings are limited. OBJECTIVE To determine the point prevalence of antibiotic allergies and documentation quality in Massachusetts LTC facilities. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, 1-day point prevalence survey from July 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024, across 20 participating LTC facilities in Massachusetts in partnership with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health. The survey assessed the prevalence and documentation of antibiotic allergies among 2345 residents. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore associations between documented penicillin allergy and demographic factors, including non-penicillin antibiotic allergies. RESULTS The overall point prevalence of documented antibiotic allergies was 39.1%, with the most frequently reported classes being penicillins at 23.1%, sulfonamides at 15.4%, and cephalosporins at 5.2%. Significant documentation gaps were identified, with up to 92.8% of the allergy records found to be incomplete. Factors associated with documented penicillin allergies included female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.50; 95% CI, 1.16-1.94), White race (aOR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.25-2.94), having allergies to non-penicillin antibiotics (aOR, 2.89; 95% CI, 2.33-3.59), and receipt of antibiotic (aOR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.68-2.71). CONCLUSION The high prevalence of documented antibiotic allergies and the notable deficiencies in their documentation underscore the urgent need for enhanced antibiotic evaluation, documentation practices, and penicillin delabeling in LTC facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kap Sum Foong
- Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Leslie Fowle
- Division of Epidemiology, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shira Doron
- Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Melissa Cumming
- Division of Epidemiology, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica Leaf
- Division of Epidemiology, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Barbara Bolstorff
- Division of Epidemiology, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christina Brandeburg
- Division of Epidemiology, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ye Chen
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alysse Wurcel
- Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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Stul F, Heytens S, Ebo DG, Sabato V, Piessens V. Safe Penicillin Allergy Delabeling in Primary Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024; 12:2415-2426.e1. [PMID: 38901618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ten percent of the population is labeled as allergic to penicillin(s), when in fact 90% of these labels are inappropriate. Recent studies have shown that inpatient delabeling by a direct drug challenge (dDC) is safe in low-risk patients. However, there is a need for outpatient and nonallergist delabeling. OBJECTIVE To assess the safety of delabeling low-risk adults by means of dDC in primary care. METHODS We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to March 15, 2022 (updated June 5, 2023) for studies performing dDC in adults in primary care or other outpatient settings. Two researchers independently screened studies for eligibility. The data extraction and critical appraisal were performed by 1 reviewer, and we pooled the results in a meta-analysis. RESULTS Of 2138 results, 12 studies (1070 participants) were eligible for inclusion. Three studies evaluated delabeling in primary care and 9 studies in an outpatient hospital setting. There were no critical adverse events during dDC. No reaction occurred in 97.13% of the 1070 patients, who previously labeled as penicillin-allergic, and were safely delabeled. Ten patients (<1%) developed an immediate reaction: 3 had self-limiting reactions and 7 needed antihistaminics, steroids, epinephrine, and/or salbutamol. CONCLUSIONS No serious allergic reactions are observed during direct amoxicillin challenge in adults in an outpatient setting. However, with the exception of 1 recent report, these studies are of low to moderate quality. Nonspecialist delabeling is promising, but further research is required on correct risk stratification and safety assessment in large cohort studies evaluating dDC in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Stul
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Stefan Heytens
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Didier Gaston Ebo
- Department of Immunology, Allergology and Rheumatology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vito Sabato
- Department of Immunology, Allergology and Rheumatology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Veerle Piessens
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Alagoz E, Saucke M, Balasubramanian P, Liebenstein T, Kakumanu S. Leveraging implementation science theories to develop and expand the use of a penicillin allergy de-labeling intervention. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:987. [PMID: 39187854 PMCID: PMC11348780 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penicillin allergy is the most frequently reported drug allergy, yet most patients can tolerate the drug if challenged. Despite this discrepancy, large scale penicillin allergy de-labeling interventions have not been widely implemented in many health care systems. The application of a multi-method implementation science approach can provide key tools to study this evidence to practice gap and provide insight to successfully operationalize penicillin allergy evaluation in real-world clinical settings. METHODS We followed a four-step process that leverages qualitative analysis to design evidence-based, actionable strategies to develop an intervention. First, we specified the clinician-perceived barriers to penicillin allergy de-labeling (intervention targets). We then mapped intervention targets onto Theoretical Domains Framework (domains and constructs) and found the root causes of behavior. Next, we linked root causes of behavior with intervention functions (BCW). In the final step, we synthesized participants' suggestions for process improvement with implementation strategies aligning with the intervention functions. RESULTS Evidence-based strategies such as focused education and training in penicillin allergy evaluation can address knowledge and confidence barriers reported by frontline clinicians. Other key strategies involve developing a system of champions, improving communications systems, and restructuring the healthcare team. Implementation mapping can provide a powerful multi-method framework to study, design, and customize intervention strategies. CONCLUSION Empowering clinicians beyond allergy specialists to conduct penicillin allergy assessments requires designing new workflows and systems and providing additional knowledge to those clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Alagoz
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, 53792-7375, WI, USA.
| | - Megan Saucke
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, 53792-7375, WI, USA
| | | | - Tyler Liebenstein
- William S. Middleton Veterans Memorial Hospital Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sujani Kakumanu
- William S. Middleton Veterans Memorial Hospital Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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33
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Deimel LP, Moynié L, Sun G, Lewis V, Turner A, Buchanan CJ, Burnap SA, Kutuzov M, Kobras CM, Demyanenko Y, Mohammed S, Stracy M, Struwe WB, Baldwin AJ, Naismith J, Davis BG, Sattentau QJ. Covalent penicillin-protein conjugates elicit anti-drug antibodies that are clonally and functionally restricted. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6851. [PMID: 39127707 PMCID: PMC11316840 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Many archetypal and emerging classes of small-molecule therapeutics form covalent protein adducts. In vivo, both the resulting conjugates and their off-target side-conjugates have the potential to elicit antibodies, with implications for allergy and drug sequestration. Although β-lactam antibiotics are a drug class long associated with these immunological phenomena, the molecular underpinnings of off-target drug-protein conjugation and consequent drug-specific immune responses remain incomplete. Here, using the classical β-lactam penicillin G (PenG), we probe the B and T cell determinants of drug-specific IgG responses to such conjugates in mice. Deep B cell clonotyping reveals a dominant murine clonal antibody class encompassing phylogenetically-related IGHV1, IGHV5 and IGHV10 subgroup gene segments. Protein NMR and x-ray structural analyses reveal that these drive structurally convergent binding modes in adduct-specific antibody clones. Their common primary recognition mechanisms of the penicillin side-chain moiety (phenylacetamide in PenG)-regardless of CDRH3 length-limits cross-reactivity against other β-lactam antibiotics. This immunogenetics-guided discovery of the limited binding solutions available to antibodies against side products of an archetypal covalent inhibitor now suggests future potential strategies for the 'germline-guided reverse engineering' of such drugs away from unwanted immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan P Deimel
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK.
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Lucile Moynié
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxford, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Guoxuan Sun
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxford, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Viliyana Lewis
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxford, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Abigail Turner
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxford, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Charles J Buchanan
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxford, OX11 0FA, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Sean A Burnap
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Mikhail Kutuzov
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Carolin M Kobras
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Yana Demyanenko
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxford, OX11 0FA, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Shabaz Mohammed
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxford, OX11 0FA, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Mathew Stracy
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Weston B Struwe
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Andrew J Baldwin
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxford, OX11 0FA, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - James Naismith
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxford, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Benjamin G Davis
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxford, OX11 0FA, UK.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK.
| | - Quentin J Sattentau
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK.
- The Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
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Hanniet A, Puyraveau M, Castelain F, Pelletier F, Aubin F. Efficacy of the PEN-FAST score in a French cohort of patients with reported allergy to penicillins. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2024; 5:1439698. [PMID: 39139756 PMCID: PMC11319814 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1439698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Various clinical decision-making tools for penicillin allergy have been developed to guide delabeling strategies. Objective To evaluate the penicillin allergy PEN-FAST decision score in a retrospective cohort of patients, adults and children, with penicillin-reported allergy. Methods This monocentric retrospective cohort included patients with penicillin-reported allergy. All patients underwent penicillin allergy testing using skin tests and/or drug challenge. The PEN-FAST score sensitivity, specificity, negative (NPV) and positive (PPV) predictive values, and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) were calculated. Results Two hundred and fourteen patients were included (64 children and 150 adults). Allergy was confirmed in 52 cases (24%). A PEN-FAST score <3 points showed a poor discrimination capacity for the whole population (AUC = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.58-0.75), while it demonstrated a better discrimination capacity in the adults group (AUC = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.63-0.80). The sensitivity to identify penicillin allergy using this cutoff of less than 3 points was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.52-0.80); specificity, 0.58 (95% CI: 0.48-0.68); PPV, 0.43 (95% CI: 0.32-0.55); and NPV, 0.78 (95% CI: 0.68-0.87). Conclusions Although our data confirm a rather good discrimination value of a PEN-FAST score <3 points, its low negative predictive value (78%) did not advocate for its use as an accurate, simple and cost-effective clinical decision-making tool to effectively reduce the number of penicillin skin tests required before direct oral challenge. Further studies are required to improve the predictive capacity of the PEN-FAST score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatole Hanniet
- Allergology Unit, Departement of Dermatology, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Marc Puyraveau
- Methodology and Statistics Unit, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Florence Castelain
- Allergology Unit, Departement of Dermatology, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Fabien Pelletier
- Allergology Unit, Departement of Dermatology, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - François Aubin
- Allergology Unit, Departement of Dermatology, University Hospital, Besançon, France
- INSERM UMR 1098 RIGHT, University of Besançon, Besançon, France
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Shi W, Liu N, Huang JX, Xiao H, Meng J, Li PH. Penicillin Allergy in China: Consequences of Inappropriate Skin Testing Practices and Policies. Clin Exp Allergy 2024. [PMID: 39053914 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Penicillins are the most frequently prescribed class of medications worldwide and first-line antibiotic of choice for most bacterial infections. They are also commonly labelled as the culprit of drug 'allergy'; leading to obligatory use of second-line antibiotics, suboptimal antibiotic therapy and increased antimicrobial resistance. However, the majority of reported penicillin 'allergy' labels are found to be incorrect after allergy testing, emphasising the importance of proper drug allergy testing and evaluation. Penicillin skin testing (PST) remains an important component of drug allergy diagnosis; however, its practice and policies significantly differ across the world. Inappropriate and non-evidence-based PST practices can lead to consequences associated with allergy mislabelling. Even within different regions of China, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, there are marked differences in the implementation, execution and interpretation of PST. This review aims to examine the differences in PST between Mainland China, Hong Kong and the rest of the world. We critically analyse the current practice of 'pre-emptive' PST in Mainland China, which has a significant false-positive rate leading to high levels of penicillin allergy mislabelling. Non-evidence-based practices further compound the high false-positive rates of indiscriminatory PST. We postulate that inappropriate PST policies and practices may exacerbate the mislabelling of penicillin allergy, leading to unnecessary overuse of inappropriate second-line antibiotics, increasing antimicrobial resistance and healthcare costs. We advocate for the importance of more collaborative research to improve the contemporary workflow of penicillin allergy diagnosis, reduce mislabelling and promote the dissemination of evidence-based methods for allergy diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Shi
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Xian Huang
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Xiao
- Allergy Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Meng
- Allergy Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Philip H Li
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Wang Z, Zeng S, Hao Y, Cai W, Sun W, Du J, Long S, Fan J, Wang J, Chen X, Peng X. Gram-negative bacteria recognition and photodynamic elimination by Zn-DPA based sensitizers. Biomaterials 2024; 308:122571. [PMID: 38636132 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The abuse and overuse of antibiotics let drug-resistant bacteria emerges. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (APDT) has shown outstanding merits to eliminate the drug-resistant bacteria via cytotoxic reactive oxygen species produced by irradiating photosensitizer. However, most of photosensitizers are not effective for Gram-negative bacteria elimination. Herein conjugates of NBS, a photosensitizer, linked with one (NBS-DPA-Zn) or two (NBS-2DPA-Zn) equivalents of zinc-dipicolylamine (Zn-DPA) have been designed to achieve the functional recognition of different bacteria. Due to the cationic character of NBS and metal transfer channel effect of Zn-DPA, NBS-DPA-Zn exhibited the first regent to distinguish P. aeruginosa from other Gram-negative bacteria. Whereas NBS-2DPA-Zn showed broad-spectrum antibacterial effect because the two arm of double Zn-DPA enhanced interactions with anionic membranes of bacteria, led the bacteria aggregation and thus provided the efficacy of APDT to bacteria and corresponding biofilm. In combination with a hydrogel of Pluronic, NBS-2DPA-Zn@gel shows promising clinical application in mixed bacterial diabetic mouse model infection. This might propose a new method that can realize functional identification and elimination of bacteria through intelligent regulation of Zn-DPA, and shows excellent potential for antibacterial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuokai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Shuang Zeng
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Yifu Hao
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Wenlin Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Jianjun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Saran Long
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Jingyun Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China.
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Lockhart PB, Durkin MJ, Blumenthal KG, Paumier TM, Baddour LM. Evaluation of patients labeled with a penicillin allergy to promote antimicrobial stewardship in dental practice. J Am Dent Assoc 2024; 155:565-573.e1. [PMID: 38703160 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 10% of the US population self-reports a penicillin allergy history or are labeled as penicillin allergic. However, from 90% through 99% of these patients are not allergic on formal evaluation. CASE DESCRIPTION Patients labeled as penicillin allergic receive broader-spectrum and sometimes less-effective antibiotics, thereby contributing to increased treatment failures, antibiotic resistance, and adverse drug reactions. Self-reported penicillin allergy can be eliminated or classified as low-, medium-, or high-risk after a careful review of patient history. This allows these patients to be delabeled; that is, having any reference to their penicillin allergy history or of having an allergy to penicillin eliminated from their health records. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Oral health care professionals are ideally placed to partner in both antibiotic stewardship interventions by means of recognizing pervasive mislabeling and aiding in the process of delabeling.
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38
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Zoller M, Weber A, Mehringer L. [Penicillin allergy-Truth or duty?]. DIE ANAESTHESIOLOGIE 2024; 73:436-443. [PMID: 38904675 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-024-01425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The beta-lactam antibiotics are some of the safest and best-tolerated antibiotic agents; however, many patients have reported allergies against penicillin. All beta-lactam antibiotics are only restrictively prescribed for these patients and alternative antibiotics are increasingly given, which carries the risk of negative clinical results and socioeconomic sequelae; however, over 95% of patients who reported an allergy to penicillin show a negative result in the allergy tests for penicillin and this antibiotic can safely be prescribed. The use of sensitive and specific instruments for identification of false penicillin allergies should be an important topic within the framework of antibiotic stewardship. Anesthesists can play a central role in the reduction of the enormous individual and public health burden associated with the classification of penicillin allergy by taking an appropriate medical history and a risk stratification for the identification of patients with a penicillin allergy. This overview article presents a possible delabelling algorithm within the framework of the clarification of a beta-lactam antibiotic allergy. The focus is on a structured allergy anamnesis using the penicillin allergy, five or fewer years ago, anaphylaxis/angioedema, severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR) and treatment required for allergy episode (PEN-FAST) score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zoller
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, LMU Klinikum der Universität München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
| | | | - Laurenz Mehringer
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, LMU Klinikum der Universität München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland
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Burn MS, Xu X, Kwah J, Liao J, Son M. The Cost of Developing and Implementing an Antepartum Referral Program for Penicillin Allergy Evaluation at a Single Academic Tertiary Care Hospital. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:1290-1297. [PMID: 38423122 DOI: 10.1055/a-2278-9279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Approximately 10% of pregnant individuals report a penicillin allergy, yet most are not truly allergic. Allergy verification during pregnancy is safe and recommended; however, many hospitals lack the infrastructure to execute testing. Our aim was to evaluate the cost of developing and implementing a penicillin allergy referral program for pregnant individuals at an academic institution and to compare costs of care between patients who were referred and not referred through the program. STUDY DESIGN We conducted an economic analysis of our institution's antepartum penicillin allergy referral program. We prospectively collected detailed resource utilization data and conducted the analysis from the program's perspective, accounting for costs related to program development, allergy verification, antibiotic cost, and delivery hospitalization. Costs were compared between patients who were referred for evaluation versus patients who were not referred using bivariate tests as well as quantile regression adjusting for baseline differences. A sensitivity analysis was performed for allergy testing cost. All cost estimates were inflation adjusted to 2021 U.S. dollars. RESULTS The startup cost of program development and educational initiatives was $19,920, or 86 per patient. The median allergy evaluation cost was $397 (interquartile range: $303-663). There was no significant difference in maternal (median: $13,579 vs. 13,999, p = 0.94) or neonatal (median: $3,565 vs. 3,577, p = 0.55) delivery hospitalization cost or antibiotic cost (median: $1.57 vs. 3.87, p = 0.10) between referred and nonreferred patients. Overall, the total cost per person did not differ significantly between study groups (median: $18,931 vs. 18,314, p = 0.69). CONCLUSION The cost of developing a penicillin allergy referral program in pregnancy was modest and did not significantly alter short-term cost of care with potential for long-term cost benefit. Verification of a reported penicillin allergy is an integral part of antibiotic stewardship, and the pregnancy period should be utilized as an important opportunity to perform this evaluation. KEY POINTS · The cost of developing and implementing an antepartum penicillin allergy referral program is modest.. · Program cost did not significantly alter short-term cost with a potential for long-term cost benefit.. · Penicillin allergy verification is an important part of antibiotic stewardship and should be expanded..
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina S Burn
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jason Kwah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jane Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Moeun Son
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Bodega-Azuara J, Belles Medall MD, Edo-Peñarrocha J, Puplá-Bartoll A, Ferrando Piqueres R, Torres-Górriz MC, Germán-Sánchez A, Enrique E. Beta-lactam allergy in patients: an antibiotic stewardship challenge. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2024; 31:307-313. [PMID: 36564160 PMCID: PMC11265552 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2022-003304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients are commonly reported as being allergic to beta-lactam (BL) antibiotics. However, many patients with this reported allergy are able to receive BL treatments because they do not have true allergies. In many cases these are simply intolerances due to side effects reported as an allergy. Delabelling these patients leads to better clinical outcomes, optimal antibiotic usage, decreased bacterial resistance and reduced healthcare costs. Therefore, the aims of this study were to identify incorrectly labelled BL allergies in hospitalised patients and to assess antibiotic use in delabelled patients in order to establish a quality indicator to optimise antimicrobial treatments. METHODS A prospective study was conducted in which hospitalised patients treated with antimicrobial drugs and labelled as 'BL-allergic' were identified by clinical pharmacists. An allergist assessed whether patients were suitable candidates for a skin test or oral challenge. The Allergy Service removed 'BL-allergic' labels if negative results were obtained. Delabelled patients were followed up by clinical pharmacists to study the use of BL antibiotics as a result of the delabelling programme. RESULTS A total of 176 suspected allergic patients were identified and 91 (51.7%) were tested either by a skin test or oral challenge based on the patient indicators. Seven (16.4%) patients tested were allergic to BL antibiotics, 76 (83.5%) were totally delabelled and eight (0.1%) were partially delabelled. Thirty-two (38.1%) delabelled patients required antibiotic treatment in another inpatient or outpatient setting, of whom 27 (84.3%) patients with a new infectious episode received BL treatments while five (15.7%) continued to receive antimicrobial treatments without BL. CONCLUSION After the implementation of a protocol to detect incorrect BL allergy labels, 83.5% of the patients in this cohort were completely delabelled. This shows that there is a clear opportunity to optimise the use of antibiotics by delabelling 'BL-allergic' patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bodega-Azuara
- Pharmacy, Hospital General Universitari de Castelló, Castellon de la Plana, Spain, Spain
| | | | - Josep Edo-Peñarrocha
- Pharmacy, Hospital General Universitari de Castelló, Castellon de la Plana, Spain, Spain
| | - Aarón Puplá-Bartoll
- Pharmacy, Hospital General Universitari de Castelló, Castellon de la Plana, Spain, Spain
| | - Raul Ferrando Piqueres
- Pharmacy, Hospital General Universitari de Castelló, Castellon de la Plana, Spain, Spain
| | | | - Adrián Germán-Sánchez
- Allergology, Hospital General Universitari de Castello, Castellon de la Plana, Spain
| | - Ernesto Enrique
- Allergology, Hospital General Universitari de Castello, Castellon de la Plana, Spain
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Supper I, Gratadour J, François M, Jaafari N, Boussageon R. A critical appraisal of acute sore throat guidelines using the AGREE II instrument: a scoping review. Fam Pract 2024; 41:223-233. [PMID: 37318355 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflicting international guidelines exist on the management of sore throat by antibiotics. OBJECTIVES To assess with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE) instrument the quality of guidelines for uncomplicated acute group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) sore-throat. To make a sensitivity analysis restricted to guidelines with a rigour of development score higher than 60% and to describe their recommendations on scores, tests, and antibiotic therapy, including their justification. METHODS A guideline literature review of acute GABHS sore throat, published between January 2000 and December 2019 in primary care and secondary care. The PubMed database, the Canadian Medical Association Infobase on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the International Network Guidelines were used. The quality of guidelines was assessed using the AGREE II instrument. The guidelines were classified into 2 categories: high-quality guidelines had to rate >60% for the rigour of development score, the others were classified as low-quality guidelines. RESULTS Significant heterogeneity between the 15 guidelines concerned the scores of the 6 assessment domains. Among them, 6 guidelines presented a score above 60% with regards to the rigor of development domain and used a systematic literature search method, citing meta-analyses of recent randomised clinical trials. Most of the 6 high-quality guidelines no longer recommended the systematic use of diagnostic scores and tests, nor antibiotic therapy to prevent acute rheumatic fever or loco-regional complications, except for high-risk patients. CONCLUSION Major discrepancies emphasise the need for only high-quality guidelines, based on adequately assessed evidence. Restricted antibiotic prescriptions to severe cases or high-risk patients would avoid antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irène Supper
- Department of General Practice, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- UCBL, CNRS, UMR 5558, LBBE, EMET, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- Maison de Santé Universitaire du pôle de santé des Etats-Unis, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Johanna Gratadour
- Department of General Practice, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Mathilde François
- Universite Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines UFR des sciences de la sante Simone Veil, General Practice, Guyancourt, France
- Centre de recherche en Epidemiologie et Sante des Populations, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France
| | - Nemat Jaafari
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Rémy Boussageon
- Department of General Practice, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- UCBL, CNRS, UMR 5558, LBBE, EMET, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- Maison de Santé Universitaire du pôle de santé des Etats-Unis, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
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Boitano TK, Virk A, Michael Straughn Jr J, Dowdy SC. Quality corner: Safely using cephalosporins in almost all patients with penicillin allergies: Mini-review and suggested protocol to improve efficacy and surgical outcomes. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2024; 53:101389. [PMID: 38623269 PMCID: PMC11016857 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2024.101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Surgical site infections (SSI) are one of the most common gynecologic oncology postoperative complications and they have a significant deleterious impact on the healthcare system and in patients' outcomes. Cefazolin is the recommended antibiotic in women undergoing gynecologic surgical procedures that require that require prophylaxis. However, 10-20% of patients may report a penicillin allergy which can result in administration of a less effective antibiotic. This quality review evaluated the literature around this common perioperative issue and demonstrated that healthcare teams should consider the implementation of a protocol to safely use cefazolin in most patients with a penicillin allergy. Overall, literature shows this is a safe adjustment and would improve antimicrobial stewardship, decrease SSI rates, avoid acute kidney injury, and increase cost savings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa K.L. Boitano
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Abinash Virk
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J. Michael Straughn Jr
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sean C. Dowdy
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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43
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Tan JJ, Zhou PY, Chua NGS, Hung KC, Lee HLW, Lee LW, Lim JL, Lim YCS, Liew Y, Loo LW, Koomanan N, Teoh BS, Yii YCD, Thien SY, Cherng PZB, Piotr CM, Kwa LHA, Chung SJ. The Safety of Aztreonam Versus Ceftazidime in Patients Labeled With Penicillin Allergy: A Cohort Study. Clin Ther 2024; 46:463-468. [PMID: 38942719 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Penicillin allergy is the most common drug allergy among hospitalized patients. Traditionally, aztreonam is recommended for patients labeled with penicillin allergy (PLWPA) in our institutional empirical antibiotic guidelines. Due to a global aztreonam shortage in December 2022, the antimicrobial stewardship unit recommended ceftazidime as a substitute. There is a paucity of real-world data on the safety profile of ceftazidime in PLWPA. Hence, we evaluated tolerability outcomes of ceftazidime use in PLWPA. METHODS This retrospective cohort study compared PLWPA in Singapore General Hospital who received aztreonam (October 2022-December 2022) or ceftazidime (December 2022-February 2023). Patients were stratified according to their risk of allergic reaction (AR) based on history of penicillin allergy. The severity of AR was based on the Delphi study grading system. The primary outcome was development of AR after initiation of aztreonam or ceftazidime. The secondary tolerability outcomes include hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. FINDINGS There were 168 patients in the study; 69 were men (41.1%) and the median age was 69 years (interquartile range: 59-76 years). Incidence of AR was statistically similar in both arms: 1 of 102 patients (0.98%) in the aztreonam arm vs 2 of 66 patients (3.03%) in the ceftazidime arm (P = 0.33). The patient in the aztreonam arm was deemed at medium risk of having an AR and developed localized rashes (grade 1). Both patients in the ceftazidime arm were deemed at high risk of AR and developed localized skin reaction (grade 1). Hepatotoxicity was observed in 1 patient prescribed aztreonam. No patients in the ceftazidime arm developed adverse events. IMPLICATIONS Ceftazidime appears to be better tolerated and cheaper compared with aztreonam in PLWPA, and serves as an antimicrobial stewardship strategy to conserve broader-spectrum antibiotics use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jie Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Peijun Yvonne Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kai Chee Hung
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Lai Wei Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Le Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yun Chun Shena Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yixin Liew
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Wen Loo
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Narendran Koomanan
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Boon San Teoh
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Siew Yee Thien
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Lay Hoon Andrea Kwa
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; SingHealth Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Programme, Singapore, Singapore; Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shimin Jasmine Chung
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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44
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Porto JR, Lavu MS, Hecht CJ, McNassor R, Burkhart RJ, Kamath AF. Is Penicillin Allergy a Clinical Problem? A Systematic Review of Total Joint Arthroplasty Procedures With Implications for Patient Safety and Antibiotic Stewardship. J Arthroplasty 2024; 39:1616-1623. [PMID: 38040064 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA) who report penicillin allergy (PA) are frequently administered second-line antibiotics, although recent evidence suggests that this may be unnecessary and could increase infection risk. Many institutions have aimed to improve antibiotic deployment via allergy testing and screening; however, there is little standardization to this process. This review aimed to evaluate (1) antibiotic selection in patients who report PA and assess the impact of screening and testing interventions, (2) rates of allergic reactions in patients who report PA, and (3) the association between reported PA and screening or testing programs and odds of surgical site infection or periprosthetic joint infection. METHODS PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar electronic databases were searched on February 4, 2023 to identify all studies published since January 1, 2000 that evaluated the impact of PA on patients undergoing TJA (PROSPERO study protocol registration: CRD42023394031). Articles were included if full-text manuscripts in English were available, and the study analyzed the impact of PA and related interventions on TJA patients. There were 11 studies evaluating 1,276,663 patients included. Interventions were compared via presentation of key findings regarding rates of clinically relevant or high-risk PA reported upon screenings or testings, cephalosporin utilizations, allergic reactions, and postoperative infections (surgical site infection and periprosthetic joint infection). RESULTS All 6 studies found that PA screening and testing markedly increase the use of first-line antibiotics. Testing showed low rates of true allergy (0.7 to 3%) and allergic reaction frequency for patients who have reported PA receiving cephalosporins was between 0% and 2%. Although there were mixed findings across studies, there was a trend toward second-line antibiotic prophylaxis being associated with a slightly higher rate of infection in PA patients. CONCLUSIONS Using PA screening and testing can promote antibiotic stewardship by safely increasing the use of first-line antibiotics in patients who have a reported PA. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, Therapeutic Study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Porto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Monish S Lavu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christian J Hecht
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ryan McNassor
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Robert J Burkhart
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Atul F Kamath
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
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Heiman E, Delaune J, Hong IS, Lamb M, Fisher M, Molino B, Moreau S, Devivo M, Liporace FA, Yoon RS, Jankowski JM. Maximizing Adherence and Minimizing Time to Antibiotics: A Multidisciplinary Institutional Trauma Bay Protocol for Single Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Open Fractures. J Orthop Trauma 2024; 38:313-319. [PMID: 38478500 DOI: 10.1097/bot.0000000000002805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if a multidisciplinary institutional protocol can optimize the time to antibiotic (Abx) administration for open fractures (openFx) and improve compliance with the administration of Abx prophylaxis during trauma activation. METHODS DESIGN Retrospective pre-post study design. SETTING Single Level II Trauma Center. PATIENT SELECTION CRITERIA All patients who triggered a trauma activation with suspected openFx and were treated according to the institutional single antibiotic regimen were eligible for inclusion. Patients were excluded if fractures did not involve the appendicular skeleton. Patients treated before implementation of a standardized institutional protocol where premixed IV bags of antibiotics were stocked in automated dispensing systems within ED trauma bays (January 2021-October 2022) were defined as the "pre" group and those treated following implementation the "post" group. OUTCOME MEASURES AND COMPARISONS The primary outcome was time from trauma bay arrival to antibiotic aministration, measured in minutes, with comparisons made between preprotocol and postprotocol implementation. Secondary outcomes for comparison included rates (%) of time to Abx <60 minutes, allergic reactions, acute kidney injury, ototoxicity, surgical site infection, multi-drug-resistant organisms identified in blood or biopsy cultures in cases requiring reoperation, and Clostridium difficile infection in the gastrointestinal system, confirmed by stool test results, within 30 days. RESULTS Twenty-four patients (mean age 39.5 ± 16.3 years) met the criteria after protocol implementation compared with 72 patients (mean age 34.3 ± 14.8 years) before implementation. Implementation of the institutional protocol resulted in a significant reduction in the time to Abx administration for openFx from 87.9 ± 104.6 minutes to 22.2 ± 12.8 minutes in the postprotocol group ( P < 0.001). In addition, only 53% in the preprotocol group received Abx within 60 minutes compared with 96% in postprotocol group ( P < 0.001). Post hoc power analysis revealed that the study was powered at 92% (effect size = 0.72) to detect a significant difference between the preprotocol and postprotocol groups. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that a multidisciplinary institutional protocol for the administration of Abx prophylaxis can be an effective strategy for optimizing the time to Abx administration in cases of suspected openFx. This protocol may be implemented in other trauma centers to optimize time to Abx administration for openFx. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Heiman
- Division of Orthopaedic Trauma and Adult Reconstruction, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jersey City Medical Center - RWJBarnabas Health, Jersey City, NJ
| | - Joss Delaune
- Department of Pharmacy, Jersey City Medical Center - RWJBarnabas Health, Jersey City, NJ; and
| | - Ian S Hong
- Division of Orthopaedic Trauma and Adult Reconstruction, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jersey City Medical Center - RWJBarnabas Health, Jersey City, NJ
| | - Matthew Lamb
- Department of Pharmacy, Jersey City Medical Center - RWJBarnabas Health, Jersey City, NJ; and
| | - Marissa Fisher
- Trauma Surgery and Surgical Critical Care, Department of General Surgery, Jersey City Medical Center - RWJBarnabas Health, Jersey City, NJ
| | - Bruno Molino
- Trauma Surgery and Surgical Critical Care, Department of General Surgery, Jersey City Medical Center - RWJBarnabas Health, Jersey City, NJ
| | - Sandy Moreau
- Department of Pharmacy, Jersey City Medical Center - RWJBarnabas Health, Jersey City, NJ; and
| | - Maria Devivo
- Department of Pharmacy, Jersey City Medical Center - RWJBarnabas Health, Jersey City, NJ; and
| | - Frank A Liporace
- Division of Orthopaedic Trauma and Adult Reconstruction, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jersey City Medical Center - RWJBarnabas Health, Jersey City, NJ
| | - Richard S Yoon
- Division of Orthopaedic Trauma and Adult Reconstruction, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jersey City Medical Center - RWJBarnabas Health, Jersey City, NJ
| | - Jaclyn M Jankowski
- Division of Orthopaedic Trauma and Adult Reconstruction, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jersey City Medical Center - RWJBarnabas Health, Jersey City, NJ
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Roberts N, Fontaine L, Sandoe J, Tonkin-Crine S, Powell N. Eliciting the barriers and enablers towards anaesthetists giving penicillin-based antibiotic prophylaxis to low-risk patients who have had their penicillin allergy label removed as part of a preoperative delabelling process. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2024; 6:dlae062. [PMID: 38741894 PMCID: PMC11089408 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Some penicillin allergy labels can be removed by non-allergy specialists by direct oral challenge, but there is reluctance amongst anaesthetists to give penicillin to these patients. We aimed to assess anaesthetist beliefs about giving penicillin to patients delabelled by direct oral challenge. Methods A survey, developed using the Theoretical Domains Framework, was circulated to anaesthetists within a regional research network in England. Domains were rated using 5-point Likert scales. Overall and group medians were used to dichotomize domains rated by group into 'relatively important/unimportant' and 'relative enabler/barrier'. Results We received 257 responses from six hospitals (response rate 49.7%). Seven domains were rated as important for all stakeholder groups and hospitals: Knowledge, Skills, Belief in Capabilities, Belief in Consequences, Memory/Attention/Decisions, Environmental Context and Resources, and Emotions. Social and Professional Role was also important to all respondents except those in one hospital. Intentions and Optimism were rated as important for some groups/hospitals and unimportant for others. All four other domains were rated as unimportant for all groups/hospitals. All domains rated as important were enablers for all groups/hospitals, with the exception of Memory/Attention/Decisions and Emotions, which were rated as discordant barriers/enablers between groups. This means they were acting as a barrier for some staff groups/hospitals and an enabler for others. Barrier domains (Reinforcement, Goals, Social Influences, Behavioural Regulation) were all rated unimportant. Conclusions Behavioural influences on giving penicillin prophylaxis to a delabelled patient are complex and nuanced. These findings could inform targeted interventions, both across and within hospitals and staff groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Roberts
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - Libby Fontaine
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - Jonathan Sandoe
- Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds and Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah Tonkin-Crine
- University of Oxford and NIHR HPRU in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Neil Powell
- Department of Pharmacy, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
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47
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Caturano BN, Bjork LL, Lichtenberger PN, Temiño VM. Proactive risk stratification and low-risk penicillin allergy delabeling by an antimicrobial stewardship pharmacist. ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP & HEALTHCARE EPIDEMIOLOGY : ASHE 2024; 4:e92. [PMID: 38807930 PMCID: PMC11131008 DOI: 10.1017/ash.2024.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Penicillin (PCN) allergy delabeling is an important component of antimicrobial stewardship; however, widespread implementation has lagged. We found that most patients had low-risk PCN allergy histories eligible for delabeling without skin testing. Pharmacist-led risk stratification and drug challenge expanded access to delabeling independently from an Allergy/Immunology service.
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Oseni LA, Tryfonos A, Basta C, Vastardi MA, Hammerschlag MR. Pediatric Residents Knowledge of Penicillin Allergy. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024:99228241254703. [PMID: 38767311 DOI: 10.1177/00099228241254703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Penicillin allergy knowledge has not been evaluated specifically in the pediatric resident population. An anonymous electronic survey was distributed to all the pediatric residents in a single residency program to ascertain knowledge of penicillin allergies and allergy history taking skills. Responses among each resident class were compared using the Fisher exact test, 2-tailed. A total of 46 (52%) of 88 pediatric residents completed the survey. Only 63% reported to have had prior penicillin allergy education. All residents incorrectly identified low-risk symptoms as high-risk symptoms. The knowledge of penicillin allergy was poor across all training levels with no improvement over the duration of training. There is large support in the literature for de-labeling penicillin allergy in patients. Pediatric residents evaluate patients in childhood when most of the allergy labeling occurs. We need to consider strategies for incorporating penicillin allergy education in pediatric residency training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauretta A Oseni
- Division of Hospital Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Anna Tryfonos
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Caroline Basta
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Maria-Anna Vastardi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Margaret R Hammerschlag
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Lillis RA, Barbee LA, McNeil CJ, Newman L, Fortenberry JD, Alvarez-Arango S, Zenilman JM. Randomized Multicenter Trial for the Validation of an Easy-to-Administer Algorithm to Define Penicillin Allergy Status in Sexually Transmitted Infection Clinic Outpatients. Clin Infect Dis 2024; 78:1131-1139. [PMID: 38325290 PMCID: PMC11093667 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 15% of patients in sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics report penicillin allergies, complicating treatment for syphilis and gonorrhea. Nonetheless, >90% do not have a penicillin allergy when evaluated. We developed and validated an algorithm to define which patients reporting penicillin allergy can be safely treated at STI clinics with these drugs. METHODS Randomized controlled trial to assess feasibility and safety of penicillin allergy evaluations in STI clinics. Participants with reported penicillin allergy answered an expert-developed questionnaire to stratify risk. Low-risk participants underwent penicillin skin testing (PST) followed by amoxicillin 250 mg challenge or a graded oral challenge (GOC)-amoxicillin 25 mg followed by 250 mg. Reactions were recorded, and participant/provider surveys were conducted. RESULTS Of 284 participants, 72 (25.3%) were deemed high risk and were excluded. Of 206 low-risk participants, 102 (49.5%) underwent PST without reactions and 3 (3%) had mild reactions during the oral challenge. Of 104 (50.5%) participants in the GOC, 95 (91.3%) completed challenges without reaction, 4 (4.2%) had mild symptoms after 25 mg, and 4 (4.2%) after 250-mg doses. Overall, 195 participants (94.7%) successfully completed the study and 11 (5.3%) experienced mild symptoms. Of 14 providers, 12 (85.7%) completed surveys and 11 (93%) agreed on the safety/effectiveness of penicillin allergy assessment in STI clinics. CONCLUSIONS An easy-to-administer risk-assessment questionnaire can safely identify patients for penicillin allergy evaluation in STI clinics by PST or GOC, with GOC showing operational feasibility. Using this approach, 67% of participants with reported penicillin allergy could safely receive first-line treatments for gonorrhea or syphilis. Clinical Trials Registration. Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04620746).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Lillis
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lindley A Barbee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Candice J McNeil
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lori Newman
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - J Dennis Fortenberry
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Santiago Alvarez-Arango
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan M Zenilman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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50
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Tomlinson MW, Baker R, Ulrich J, Shah M, Marginean H, Girolami S. Maternal Group B Streptococcus Prophylaxis Improvement using an Electronic Medical Record Dynamic Order Set. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:e3124-e3132. [PMID: 37871641 DOI: 10.1055/a-2196-6078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and implement a Group B Streptococcal (GBS) dynamic order set to improve adherence to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (ACOG/CDC) guidelines. STUDY DESIGN A team of information technology and clinical experts developed a dynamic order block. The content was patterned after the CDC "Prevent GBS" mobile app. It was then embedded in the labor and delivery/induction order set and piloted at a single high-volume obstetric unit. Following the pilot and incorporation of the 2019 ACOG update of the CDC guidelines, the order set was rolled out in five additional hospitals within a region of a large health system. Information on GBS prophylaxis performance before and after implementation was available for the pilot site and four of the additional hospitals. Information before implementation was obtained electronically from electronic medical record (EMR) laboratory and pharmacy data and supplemented by manual chart review. Postimplementation data were obtained from discrete order set EMR data elements. Adherence to the guidelines before and after were compared using chi-squared test. RESULTS There were 7,114 deliveries before implementation and 4,502 after implementation. Preterm delivery occurred in 6.8 and 6.9%, respectively. There was an increase in appropriate treatment of preterm patients (positive and unknown GBS) delivering after implementation (88.7-99.1%, p < 0.001). More patients were reported to have a penicillin allergy before implementation than after implementation (14.7 vs. 11.1%, respectively, p = 0.01). Associated changes in therapy noted after implementation included a nonsignificant decrease in the proportion reporting a high-risk allergy (50.3 vs. 41.9%, p = 0.18), an increase in the appropriate use of clindamycin and vancomycin (64.4 vs. 92.3%, p < 0.001) and a decrease in clindamycin use in those without sensitivity testing. CONCLUSION Routine universal use of a dynamic admission labor/induction order set was associated with high and improved adherence to GBS prophylaxis guidelines. KEY POINTS · Lapses in GBS prophylaxis are associated with early-onset GBS disease.. · Preterm delivery and penicillin allergic patients are commonly associated with lapses in prophylaxis.. · Dynamic EMR order set use can improve adherence to clinical guidelines..
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Tomlinson
- Providence Women's and Children's Program, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon
| | - Rachael Baker
- Providence Women's and Children's Program, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jennifer Ulrich
- Providence Clinical Informatics, Providence Health and Services, Renton, Washington
| | - Maulin Shah
- Providence Clinical Informatics, Providence Health and Services, Renton, Washington
| | - Horia Marginean
- Providence Brain and Spine Institute, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon
| | - Stephen Girolami
- Providence Clinical Informatics, Providence Health and Services, Renton, Washington
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